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+It speaks to King’s natural storytelling ability that the thread provided a seamless outline and perfect three-act structure. So, instead of conjuring up new material, Bravo and Harris saturated what was already there — dialing the Zola universe up into a gonzo, mesmerizing hyperreality that also functions as a love letter to the internet circa 2015.
+Many of the choices are decidedly playful. Direct quotes from the OG thread are punctuated with a breezy Twitter whistle, denoting the gospel of Zola like a rubricated Bible. There’s a GoPro-shot Migos sing-along as the foursome cruise down the highway. At one high-tension point, Zola checks out mentally and turns into a glowing, amorphous screensaver. When a spirited montage of clients and their penises cycles through — thus alluding to the exhaustiveness of sex work — an Instagram heart flashes over the largest one.
+The blithe vibe is one that King herself feels was important to tap into. “Although this was a traumatic experience for me, I was very content in my sex work,” said King. “So was [Jessica]. She knew what she wanted to do, she was a very strong-minded woman, and she just enjoyed sex work. So I think that people may critique the fact that it's dark humor, yes, but you also have to understand that there are so many different layers to sex work; it's not all serious.”
+Riley Keough and Taylour Paige in Zola
+Though the integrity of the Twitter thread remains intact, Bravo and Harris did take a few liberties in the plot for dramatic and/or comedic effect — particularly where King herself admits to have done the same. They renamed characters apart from Zola (Jessica became Stefani; Jarrett became Derrek; and Z became X). They also created new, short-lived moments that rounded out the world-building. One such scene was written after Bravo saw a video of strippers praying backstage at a club. “I’m like, ‘Yes, that’s what we need. We need the Holy Spirit,’” said Bravo. “I thought it was such a magical kind of window into something that none of us would necessarily know firsthand.” Bravo added her own rousing prayer circle scene, which would end up being performed zealously by Ts Madison. (“If he got good credit, Lord, we know you sendin’ him with a big dick,” Madison extols.)
+A litany of cinematic, literary, and artistic references and influences — from David Lynch to Hieronymus Bosch, from Coffy to Clueless — are peppered throughout the script. Some of these Easter eggs, such as the Clueless one, appear by means of the film’s wardrobe. Bravo used to work as a costume designer, so her emphasis on apparel is unsurprising and deeply visually satisfying thanks to the work of Zola’s own costume designer Derica Cole Washington. When Zola first embarks on her journey away from home, for example, she dons a blue gingham outfit and Nike Cortez sneakers with a red swoosh — a nod to Dorothy and her ruby slippers in The Wizard of Oz (though in this topsy-turvy story, she encounters three foes instead of friends).
+Harris and Bravo’s experimental and artful script, full of meticulous detail, created a map to a vivid and off-kilter world. Now it was time to find a cast to bring it to life.
+The Cast
+Bravo was at a cafe in the Larchmont Village neighborhood of Los Angeles when the actor Taylour Paige walked in: “I was like, ‘It’s her. That’s the girl.’” Bravo had caught a split-second glimpse of Paige on TV before, but didn’t know her name or what the show was (which didn’t give her casting director much to go on). So with Paige suddenly in front of her, Bravo made sure to take a picture of her from afar. She said Paige noticed and was not impressed, shooting her future director a look. “She makes it look so shitty, but it’s the best kind of shitty,” said Bravo gleefully. “I was like, ‘That’s the Zola — that face that she’s giving. Everything she’s emitting through her gaze is exactly this figure I want in this world.’”
+Paige (Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom; Boogie) had actually first auditioned for Zola in 2017 when Franco was at the helm and the screenplay had been written by two white men. However, she taped it reluctantly. “The original script I got was quite sexist and racist and didn't feel like a Black voice, her voice at all,” Paige told me. So when she heard that a new team was behind it, her interest was piqued.
+Paige sent in a new tape, competing against nearly 800 other young women. After landing a callback, she reached out to the real Zola, praising her and seeking her blessing. King had seen Paige’s tape and, according to Paige, the adoration was mutual: “She was like, ‘You've had a stan in me since day one; you're so me it hurts. I'm not taking no for an answer.’" Bravo offered Paige the role.
+Colman Domingo (Fear The Walking Dead; If Beale Street Could Talk), who plays X — the nefarious Nigerian pimp — was the next to sign on. Bravo approached him directly. “My favorite bad guys are the people you inherently root for,” said Bravo, pointing out Domingo’s natural charm. “From the first time you see him, you like him and you want to be next to him…And so when he is rotten, I think it takes a while for you to accept it because there’s so much pleasure in the way he plays.”
+Domingo cited the dynamic script as what drew him to the film. Nicholas Braun, who joined the project next as Stefani’s boyfriend Derrek, agreed.
+“It wasn't like anything I've ever read before,” said Braun over Zoom with me and Domingo earlier this month. “And this foursome is such an odd foursome.”
+“There's something at the center that they all need, which draws them to each other. But on a good day, they should not be in a car together,” agreed Domingo with a laugh. “It's just a recipe for disaster.”
+Colman Domingo in Zola
+Bravo had watched the first season of Succession when she saw Braun had sent in an audition tape, so she was already a fan of his work. But she especially appreciated his read on Derrek. “I love the sensitivity with which he was approaching the whole world,” said Bravo. “That plays to him feeling a bit isolated and like he isn't exactly inside of the world. He actually feels that emotionally in his approach and also his character, so he's in a serious drama while the rest of us were in a comedy.”
+“We joke in this group chat about how she's like 30 different white women that we don't know, and then the one that we know at the same time, because she can look so different to me.”
+Zola is first and foremost meant to be a funny film. Bravo knew that in order for the comedy to land, she needed an outrageous clown to play against Zola’s clearheadedness. And so Riley Keough (The Girlfriend Experience; American Honey) became the final cast member to round out the oddball ensemble. As Bravo’s first choice for the role of Stefani, the “white bitch” who befriends (and ultimately betrays) Zola, she was approached directly due to her chillingly chameleonic nature. “We joke in this group chat about how she's like 30 different white women that we don't know, and then the one that we know at the same time, because she can look so different to me,” said Bravo. “I don't know that she is credited as much as she deserves to be for what a powerhouse performer she is.”
+Keough was keen as soon as she read the script. “I just figured whoever had written the screenplay was a genius, and then I met Janicza, and she was incredible,” said Keough. “It was kind of like a no-brainer in terms of doing the film.”
+“We all know that Riley Keough understands the assignment,” said Paige. “So we were just waiting on her to be like, ‘Yeah.’”
+Production
+Production began in late 2018, mostly in Tampa — the scene of the original story and, in Bravo’s opinion, a location where the light and textures are irreplicable. The film was shot on 16mm by cinematographer Ari Wegner while Katie Byron handled production design. Bravo had assembled a diverse team — each department head was either a woman, a person of color, or both — supplemented by a local production crew. Days were long and sweaty. The motels were adorned with stains, splatters, bullet holes, and sometimes home to fleas and bedbugs. MAGA and Blue Lives Matter energy permeated the atmosphere, according to Paige. (In the film, Derrek drives by a scene of police brutality where the victim screams that he just wants to go home. Meanwhile, trafficking elsewhere goes unchecked.)
+The actors arrived in Tampa ready. Domingo says he avoided learning too much about Akporode “Rudy” Uwedjojevwe, the real-life (and currently jailed) man his character’s based on. “Does he have papers to work legally? I made a choice that he doesn't,” said Domingo. He researched the psychology of pimp culture while making sure X didn’t come across as a caricature or a prototypical mustache-twirling villain. “I wanted to look at just making this a very human person. And he's funny and he's weird and sexy.”
+Braun’s erratic, tragicomic portrayal of Derrek, on the other hand, was decidedly less sexy — he sports a chinstrap beard, baggy True Religion jeans, a silver chain, and a backwards cap over greasy hair — but also surprisingly humanizing. “Derrek's come up with a persona he thinks he's pulling off,” said Braun. “But underneath that I think he's kind of fragile.” He lost 25 pounds in three weeks for the role, thanks to a crash diet of mostly candy and caffeinated drinks. He saw Derrek’s relationship with the manipulative Stefani as an affliction: “I think he's really lonely and doesn't know how to fix his loneliness.”
+“A lot of the prep for me was that accent and really taking Janicza's direction and really going there in terms of her appropriation and how offensive and demonic [Stefani] is.”
+Zola’s two leads did considerable prep to embody their characters. Keough worked with a dialect coach to nail down Stefani’s over-the-top, Woah Vicky–esque blaccent. “A lot of the prep for me was that accent and really taking Janicza's direction and really going there in terms of her appropriation and how offensive and demonic [Stefani] is,” Keough told me. She’d practice at home, recording her speech and listening back to catch any slips. At one point, her coach convinced Keough to use her over-the-top African American Vernacular English, or AAVE, affectation at the Swap — a staple LA market for sneakers, grills, tattoos, and the like. “I was completely mortified,” admitted Keough. “But I think that when you're embodying a character and you're really giving them life and turning into them, you have to fully commit.”
+Meanwhile, Paige’s commitment to Zola also bled into her real life. She decided to strip at Crazy Girls in Hollywood for four weeks: “I went and worked. And I needed the money.” A trained dancer since she was three (she spent years being taught by Fame’s award-winning Debbie Allen), Paige took some private lessons with a pole master to get the basics down. At the same time, she also wanted to unlearn her formal training. “I didn't wanna look technically beautiful, like an FKA Twigs. I wanted to look like someone who's like, ‘I'm working at a restaurant. I might as well strip — I can shake my ass. Like, fuck it.’”
+On Keough’s first day of shooting, she came to set after being processed through wardrobe (Dior) and hair (edges laid into a squiggle pattern). Stressfully cartoonish and at the point of no return, she asked Bravo one last time for reassurance: “Is this gonna be OK?” Bravo admitted she wasn’t sure, but she knew that they had to be doubtlessly confident and intentional in their approach. “If we backstep just a little, then we start to mess it up,” Bravo explained to Variety in 2020.
+Meanwhile, Paige had to ground herself, playing the foil to Riley’s bombastic and clownish Stefani. Though her emotive eyes and the subtlety in her silence convey multitudes, sometimes Paige wondered if she was doing enough. But she would then remind herself that she was there to do the real Zola justice. A self-described “recovering people pleaser,” Paige sees the titular hero as the version of herself that is unapologetically assertive, confident, and sexy: “It's like when I remember my worth.”
+Nicholas Braun and Riley Keough in Zola
+For all that Zola is classified as — a dark comedy, a terrifying thriller, a road movie, a stripper saga, a true trafficking story — its status as something of a breakup story seems (so far) less recognized by early reviews. But it is a story of heartbreak and betrayal. It’s there in the film’s first and last words, in the infamous tweet that started it all: Y'all wanna hear a story about why me and this bitch here fell out???????
+The final cut of the film, with an inspired score by Mica Levi and edited inventively by Oscar nominee Joi McMillon (Moonlight; Lemon; The Underground Railroad), has an especially notable moment that diverts from Zola’s thread; during one of the more unsettling scenes, Stefani breaks the fourth wall to recite her version of the events, just as her real-life counterpart had once done on Reddit.
+Even in the realm of the otherworldly film, the section feels alien. Angling herself as a puritanical princess who’s performing in an infomercial, Stefani appears in a powder pink dress suit, hair pulled into a sleek top knot. As she explains her version of the weekend, Stefani name-drops her lord and savior Jesus Christ and pronounces X’s actual Nigerian name with a superfluous click consonant. Zola is depicted as dirty and trashy — she has hay in her hair and wears a literal garbage bag — and is deemed a “jealous bitch.”
+“I do get triggered when people ask me about [Jessica], or ask if I feel guilty for speaking on her in the way that I did.”
+“The reason we wanted to do a Stefani version is, we knew that some portion of the audience was going to arrive at the story already questioning Zola, already questioning Taylour. On first sight, they were going to dismiss her somewhat — whether consciously or unconsciously — because, well, racism and prejudice,” explained Bravo. “So I thought we should have this moment and we should see how symbiotic their stories are. You get to play with how each person processes traumatizing events.”
+Its absurdity lends itself to laughter (at the post-premiere Q&A, Harris said that, as opposed to Zola’s Twitter thread, Stefani’s story “moves like Reddit, which is kind of awkward and ugly.”) But it also makes a pointed statement about how white women weaponize privilege and presumed innocence. In addition, it addresses the many articles that had questioned the Twitter thread’s validity. “A lot of those pieces were also asking, ‘Well, what was Stefani's version?’" said Bravo. “The idea of this white woman as a seducer, as a violent presence was, I think, hard for some of those journalists to contend with.”
+The inclusion of this scene may serve a greater purpose in protecting Zola as a character, but also as a human being. When I asked King about where she is in her healing process, she said she has processed her trauma — “I’ve been through so much; that’s just a little part of it” — but one particular thing can resurrect bad feelings.
+“I do get triggered when people ask me about [Jessica], or ask if I feel guilty for speaking on her in the way that I did,” admitted King. “It bothers me because it's like I didn't speak about her in any particular way. I just said exactly what I saw her do... She seems to play victim and then that really bothers me, 'cause even me being the victim, I didn't victimize myself in the situation, you know?”
+From left: Riley Keough, Taylour Paige in Zola.
+I was lucky enough to attend a late-night screening of Zola at Sundance last year — one of the festival’s hottest tickets. I had fun, but also walked out conflicted, my brain firing on all cylinders. It’s a feeling I’ll sometimes have when I’m 1) in a mostly white audience (often) and 2) watching a movie that centers people of color (not so often). Film-viewing experiences are always subjective, but it’s these instances where, after witnessing the crowd's uproarious response and how they laugh, I’m left wondering if I saw the same film as everyone else around me.
+The majority of Zola’s Sundance reviews were positive (though some seemed to write it off based on its Twitter origins alone). There were also white reviewers who praised the film, but with insensitive language. One Twitter review described it as a funny and frightening “ratchet nightmare.” Another reviewer described it as his (?!) kind of “ghetto-tastic” road trip saga (he’s since deleted the tweet). And then there was a People article announcing that Keough was starring in Zola, with no mention of Paige. (A tweet from A24 cheekily corrected them; People changed its headline.)
+It all speaks to the possible denial of how this technicolor fever dream is very much about a black and white world. Given how bombastic Stefani is and how focused on Zola’s interiority the film is, I asked Bravo and Harris whether they worry some viewers may miss the film’s core messaging.
+But Bravo explained that she sees Zola, who serves as the film’s narrator, akin to an aside-reciting Shakespearean actor or perhaps a silent film character: “She isn’t quiet to us. … While it may seem like her voice has been robbed, she's writing the story. She is a witness to the event, and her eyes are our eyes."
+Harris then points out how Black characters have been denied interiority in most popular media and prioritizing that interiority in Zola provides a necessary respite. “I throw that anxiety of how [white people] are going to witness it, or see it, out of the window, and more so just hope it will age in the way that it should,” he said. “Because as more people read the White Fragility that they have as a doorstop — as Janicza always says — they might realize, ‘Oh, wait a second; the thing I wanted from Zola is the thing I've never asked for from any character in a Martin Scorsese movie who's quiet for 90% of the movie, or from any movie by Claire Denis.’”
+“Yeah, I hope you laugh. I hope you feel complicated about the fact that you're laughing, but also you feel complicated for all of them.”
+In its handling and presentation of Zola’s interiority, the film reframes the potential of modern cinema. “This is something I hope will become a new understanding of Black and brown characters in the next decade,” said Harris. And so Zola encapsulates a specific moment in the past, while also being both timely and forward looking.
+“I think it's really an examination of American culture, about who we are truly, about race. I think it's about all the weird dark things about appropriation of culture, what are we coming into the movie believing the movie is about, and then what are we unpacking afterwards,” said Domingo. “There are a lot of very profound topics that Janicza handles so amazingly, of course, under this guise of comedy,” echoed Keough, affirming the film’s satirical nature.
+Braun said that although many will be coming to Zola having read the Twitter thread, the film is a different — and more unsettling — phenomenon that you’re forced to sit with, instead of speedily scroll through. “With this — the way Janicza filmed it — you're so much more inside of what they go through,” said Braun. “You kinda have to feel the weirdness of it all more than the Twitter thread. So hopefully, people get uncomfortable and then also find it fun as hell.”
+“Yeah, I hope you laugh. I hope you feel complicated about the fact that you're laughing, but also you feel complicated for all of them,” said Paige. “I hope that people will have complicated empathy, but understanding maybe.”
+Zola is the rare film production where the process feels as meaningful and weighty as the product. Still, despite Zola’s extended gestation and long-awaited release, Bravo says she isn’t overly attached to the film’s outcome. The lows in her career have toughened her skin, forging a calm confidence in her work regardless of how it’s received.
+“I know what I meant; I know what my intentions are. I was lucky enough to get to make this with one of my closest friends, and to be able to work in community with this really beautiful cast, and my production designer, my cinematographer, my editor — we just made family,” Bravo told me. “And so, I do hope that it lands. But if it doesn't, what happened behind the scenes between all of us is so special. And that's a gift.” ●
+8 Memorable Things to Do Near Crater Lake
+Crater Lake is one of the greatest travel attractions in the U.S. People head toward this natural magnificence, and find things to do around Crater Lake. Its true, there are many things to do near the crater lake. In this article, I am going to give an overview of things to do near the crater lake.
+Things to do near crater lake
+To many individuals, southern Oregon means one factor: Crater Lake. It is the deepest lake within the nation, and it is arguably essentially the most stunning things to do around the crater lake.
+Visitors to the world cannot think about the sudden effect of the superior grandeur that lies forward as they strategy the rim of the caldera, and that makes the lake’s look 1,000 ft under all of the extra gorgeous.
+With Mount Shasta, Mount Lassen, the Trinity Alps, and the Marble Mountains simply south of the
+Oregon-California border, it is onerous to get excited in regards to the low peaks of southern Oregon. Proof of previous volcanic exercise is much less vertical right here, however extra dramatic.
+Mount Mazama, during which Crater Lake is situated, as soon as stood as tall as its neighbors to the south.
+Then, 7,700 years in the past, it erupted with nearly unimaginable violence, a blast estimated at about 100 instances higher than that of Mount St. Helens.
+When it had completed erupting, the volcano collapsed in on itself, forming an unlimited caldera 6 miles broad and nearly 4,000 ft deep.
+Inside 500 years, the caldera crammed with water to change into right this moment’s Crater Lake.
+The sapphire-blue lake’s floor is on the base of 1,000- to 2,000-foot cliffs that rise to a complete elevation of greater than 8,000 feet.
+The lake has no inlet or outlet streams and is fed solely by springs, snowmelt, and rainfall. Evaporation and floor seepage maintain the lake at a virtually fixed degree.
+As a result of it’s so deep, it not often freezes over solely, regardless of lengthy, chilly winters with so things to do around the crater lake.
+The excessive elevation of the caldera rim and heavy winter snowfalls imply that the summer season right here is brief.
+Crater Lake has many actions to benefit from, different than simply observing the lake. If you wish to immerse your self within the full expertise, you’ll want to know a few of the finest issues to see.
+So let’s cowl what we take into account 10 of the perfect issues to do at Crater Lake.
+1. Enjoyable Stops And Enjoyable Thrills
+Whereas these are just a few of Crater Lake’s great adventures, you’ll find different nice issues to do at Crater Lake for all ages and seasons (there’s even a Crater Lake Zipline not far-off and a Crater Lake Trolley).
+Even if you’re solely capable of doing one among these wonderful adventures, you’ll want to benefit from a few of the enjoyable available at Crater Lake.
+2. Drive Rim Drive
+Rim Drive is likely one of the most stunning drives you’ll be able to take at Crater Lake. This drive goes across the perimeter of the lake and is 30 miles lengthy.
+We suggest that you simply cease at each viewpoint whereas taking this drive. For those who select to not cease in any respect, you’ll be able to full the drive in an hour.
+You may make a complete day of this in case you select to cease and benefit from the surroundings at every viewpoint. Which is nicely price it if in case you have the time.
+For instance: a few of the viewpoints have greater peaks and locations you’ll be able to hike for glorious views, or others have informational indicators that offer you a ton of geological, ecological, scientific, and historic information to find out about.
+3. Go to Wizard Island
+As beforehand talked about, if you take a ship tour, you’ve got the choice to cease at Wizard Island. This can be a great point to do at Crater Lake, as you’ll get loads of time to benefit from the island.
+You’ll get the selection of spending both Three or 6 hours on the island. However, even these might not be sufficient to completely get pleasure from it.
+You will see that that the great thing about this island is pure and untainted by any kind of industrialization.
+We would suggest taking one among two hikes whereas on the island.
+You’ll be able to both hike to the summit of the island, or you’ll be able to hike alongside the sting of the island to Fumarole Bay.
+However in case, you would reasonably select to only soak up the great thing about the island, this can be a high-quality selection as nicely.
+You’ll get an up-close view of the lake and its extremely reflective water as you soak within the vista. This can be a great point to do as you eat lunch alongside the water’s edge.
+4. Swim In Crater Lake’s Water
+Questioning about things to do around Crater Lake in the summer season?
+For those who wish to soak up cool and refreshing expertise whereas, on their go-to to Crater Lake, we suggest taking a swim within the water.
+That is one thing that we suggest doing solely in the summertime. Why?
+Effectively, the water is a cool 55 levels year spherical. Which can make you surprise why you need to swim on this water within the first place.
+The easy reply being: as a result of it’s a few of the clearest water on the earth.
+The lake is 1,943 ft at its deepest level. It will get deep in a short time as you enter it, however, don’t let that deter you.
+There are two places you’ll be able to swim out of. The primary is out of Cleetwood Cove, the situation that the boat excursions dock at.
+The second choice can be at Wizard Island. From there, you’ll be able to swim anyplace across the island.
+For the actually courageous and adventurous, you’ll be able to dive off of a 15-foot cliff at Cleetwood Cove.
+Don’t let the temperature freak you out, as this can be a memorable experience that everybody who takes half in finally ends up loving.
+5. Boat Tour
+The boat tour is likely one of the prime issues to do at Crater Lake, primarily for people who find themselves in peak bodily situation.
+We are saying this due to the hike right down to the lake. However whereas on this boat tour, you will notice sights which can be actually spectacular.
+There are a couple of several types of boat excursions you’ll be able to go on.
+The primary is a typical lake cruise that lasts about 2 hours because it sails across the lake. There’s a choice that goes to Wizard Island which permits for a 45-minute tour whereas shuttling you over to the island.
+It permits you anyplace from Three to six hours on the island to discover.
+The final choice is a 75-minute tour that goes counter-clockwise across the perimeter of the lake. Costs vary from $37 to $52 per grownup, relying on in case you select to go to Wizard Island.
+Whereas this value could seem somewhat steep, it’s the price each penny.
+That is one thing that you simply undoubtedly wish to benefit from, in case you’re in a good bodily situation.
+You’ll be guided by a Crater Lake Nationwide Park Ranger who can reply to any questions you’ve got about Crater Lake.
+There are lots of issues you’ll be able to be taught from the boat excursions that you simply wouldn’t be taught in any other case.
+You’ll be able to find out about The Previous Man of the Lake, for example, a pictured phenomenon that could be an unusual stump that floats vertically within the water.
+Make sure to benefit from this enjoyable factor to do at Crater Lake, as it’s an adventure that you simply won’t shortly neglect!
+6. Crater Lake Lodge
+Whether or not you’re selecting to cease at Crater Lake Lodge for the historic worth or the great eats, that is one other prime factor to do at Crater Lake.
+Crater Lake Lodge has origins tracing again to the early 20th century and stays the most effective everlasting buildings you’ll find at Crater Lake’s customer facilities.
+It options a few of the most stunning views of the lake, as nicely, overlooking the lake at Rim Village. Despite the fact that the construction was initially opened in 1915, in underwent intensive renovation in 1995, however, maintains it’s 1920’s appeal and environment.
+Stopping by, or staying right here offers you an amazing step again in time to the primary days of Crater Lake Nationwide Park.
+There are 71 rooms you’ll be able to select to remain in, with costs beginning at $205 per evening and growing based mostly on the views you get in every room and the dimensions of the room.
+Whether or not you’re planning to remain or simply tour the lodge, this can be a cease that nicely prices it, as additionally, you will discover an improbable place to cease and seize a chunk on the eating space in Crater Lake Lodge. There’s additionally entry to the Crater Lake patio.
+Make sure to cease by and see this historic gem. You won’t remorse it.
+7. Ranger Guided Snowshoe Walks
+In search of issues to do at Crater Lake in winter? Effectively, this can be once-in-a-lifetime expertise.
+These Ranger-guided walks are a protected and enjoyable method to discover Crater Lake within the winter. They’re solely provided on the weekends.
+This can be a nice method to get a first-hand have to look at how Crater Lake handles winter, and your Ranger information will educate you alongside the best way about Crater Lake.
+Of issues to do at Crater Lake, that is one that only a few individuals can boast having achieved. Those that have taken half take into account it an effective way to benefit from the chilly months.
+Reservations are required upfront, and every stroll has a restricted area of 30 individuals. The stroll takes about 2 hours and covers a couple of miles of ground.
+No earlier snowshoe expertise is required and snowshoes are supplied. So you’ll want to get your self signed up for this particular winter exercise.
+8. Camping
+This one is ideal for avid campers and outdoors-person. There are a couple of choices to make to observe with this.
+The entire choices are pretty price efficient as nicely. Among the finest issues about Crater Lake tenting is the actions you’ll find around you.
+Yow will discover entry to waterfalls or lakes each throughout the campsites within the park and that exterior of the park.
+There are two fundamental campgrounds you’ll be able to keep inside Crater Lake Nationwide Park.
+Mazama Campground is a superb choice for individuals who wish to make a reservation, and it accommodates each RVs and tents.
+Misplaced Creek Campground is the opposite choice and is solely for tent tenting and is on a first-come, first-serve foundation.
+Prices for Mazama Campground is between $20-$35 based mostly on tent and RV sites.
+Misplaced Creek Campground retains costs around $10.
+Additionally, you will get the chance to be fully immersed within the surrounding magnificence.
+Benefit from the dawn over the mountains within the morning, watch the sundown again over the mountains in the evening and sleep beneath the celebrities.
+Gold prospectors stumbled upon the lake’s rim in 1853. The American Indian tribes of the area, who thought-about the lake sacred, had by no means talked about its existence to explorers and settlers.
+By 1886, explorers had made soundings and established its depth at 1,996 ft, making it the deepest lake in the USA.
+Sonar soundings later set the depth at 1,943 ft. In 1902, the lake was designated a nationwide park.<<
+Featured News
+What a difference a month makes. I was back at the RV Care-A-Vanner desk full time a week after my surgery and continue to be ahead of schedule in my recovery. It was a good thing, too, as March was a very busy month.
+First was the Affiliate Conference in Atlanta, where more than 2,000 affiliate representatives turned out to find out what Habitat for Humanity International has to offer. Frank and Diana Peccia attended the conference with me, and between the three of us, we made many good contacts. We also attended an awards luncheon where our very own RV Care-A-Vanners, Bill and France Moriarty, received the Volunteer of the Year Award for their work rebuilding Henryville, Ind., after the March 2012 tornado. Congratulations to Bill and France!
+The following week, 29 RV Care-A-Vanners descended on Americus to attend the first RV Care-A-Vanner Disaster Rebuild training. It was a four-day course put on in partnership with Habitat's Disaster Response department. I want to thank Kristin Wright, Disaster Corps specialist, for putting the program together. The training was very well received. We also spent the better part of a day getting our safety training, allowing all of us to become Habitat safety certified.
+Another first: The RV Care-A-Vanner program awarded its first grant to Tuscaloosa Habitat for Humanity. The grant was for a total of $5,250 and will be used to upgrade their eight RV sites to 30 amps electrical that will complete their full hookups. Dave and I will be stopping through Tuscaloosa on our way north to be part of a media event announcing the grant. We hope to use more of our grant money to help other affiliates put in permanent RV sites, especially in disaster areas.
+We have added a new member to our growing all-volunteer RV Care-A-Vanner desk staff. Diana Peccia has agreed to take over the evaluation process from Lu Tillotson and me. With 170-plus builds scheduled so far in 2013, Lu and I were getting overwhelmed creating the surveys. Diana has a background in human resources and is already familiar with Survey Monkey, our online evaluation program. When I asked Diana if she would be willing to do our evaluations, she responded, "I was wondering when you were going to ask me to do something at the desk." Welcome, Diana, and a big thank you from Lu and me! You can see a list of all the RV Care-A-Vanner desk staff here.
+Speaking of 170-plus builds this year, have you looked at the build list lately? I need you all working a little bit more to meet the needs of our host affiliates and most importantly, our partner families. We need to get them in homes!
+I want to remind everyone to put April 21 - May 4, 2014, on your calendar. That is the date of our 25th Anniversary build and rally. Registration will be opening soon, so stay tuned. I want to see everyone at this special event.
+And finally, this RV Care-A-Vanner coordinator is coming into the 21st century with the launch of a Facebook page. It will be a source of ongoing information about the RV Care-A-Vanner program. You can find me here. However, don't expect me to give up my flip phone anytime soon!
+Safe travels and happy hammering,
+Mary Vandeveld
+RV Care-A-Vanner coordinator
+mvandeveld@habitat.org
+As a general contractor I was accustomed to being the honcho, the king of my sand lot. I designed, financed and built "my way." I got the phone calls, the deliveries and the "how-to" questions. I hired and fired, sweated payroll, construction loans and a fickle housing market. I appeased inspectors, negotiated with subs, and served as principal, priest and parole officer to employees. As a Care-A-Vanner in Alice, however, I was a rookie. There was an abundance of talent on-site with much more Habitat experience than I, so I accepted chop saw duty.
+Day after day I tried to stay ahead of requests for headers and cripples and blocking. Wood scraps with scrawled dimensions collected under the field-made cutting table that spanned two saw horses, while others swung hammers, raised walls, and aligned rafters that I'd cut.
+"I need three two-by-fours, 4 ft, 6 3/8," someone would say. Or, "2-by-6, 14, 9 7/16, long point to long point." Sometimes I'd be handed a scrap of two-by-four with a list of measurements; at other times, a rafter would be handed back down with an accompanying, "Take off a saw blade, will ya?"
+I felt a bit out of the loop as I watched Maggie's house going up beside me. The familiar sequence of culling studs, erecting walls, plumb and line, and sheathing was being orchestrated by a salt-of-the-earth, old-school Arkansas carpenter. There were a number of competent crew members ready to step up to lead roles if needed. I stood in place on the ground, making sawdust and yearning to be important.
+As the days passed and the work progressed, I began to notice and then identify with a pleasant Midwestern woman from, I think, one of those states with lakes and dairies. Colleen was to become the instrument of instruction for my life lesson in Alice.
+The second Saturday on the build, there was a constant drumming of hammers as our Care-A-Vanner group � joined by Maggie and her dad, her boss from the bank and several friends � nailed off exterior sheathing. Our team was crawling among the rafters like Spiderman, hanging barge and fascia and boxing in soffits. In addition, board members and representatives of several service clubs were on-site. We were over-supported. The cacophony of hammer blows drowned the buzz of my saw.
+Through it all, Colleen circulated with a magnet, picking up nails. She'd stop frequently to help hold up the end of a board, hand someone on scaffolding a tool or offer a fresh water bottle with a smile and a friendly word. I often saw her wield a paintbrush, brace a ladder and set up the lunch table, but always, she'd return to picking up nails. She was simultaneously ever-present and invisible.
+Each time she passed my cutting station, she'd pause and offer an upbeat phrase or two, then move on. As Colleen's passings became more familiar, I found myself looking forward to her greetings. She always made me smile. Often she'd leave me laughing. I began to think of her as an old circuit preacher spreading cheer. Our exchanges became conversations. I confessed to feeling insignificant. She just smiled as I fumbled through an attempt to repay her welcomed kindness with a metaphor I hoped would serve as a consolation for her subordinate role, sort of a pick-me-up.
+I reminded her of how, long before Lee Iacocca saved Chrysler, he rocketed Ford to the top with the Mustang. Accolades went to engineers and designers, but until some lowly worker tightened the last lug nut, it wasn't a complete car.
+I was disappointed with Colleen's response to my witticism. Instead of saying, "Wow," she just smiled, as if, instead of a wise old sage, I was a mere grade-schooler who had finally grasped the obvious.
+Colleen moved on, picking up bent nails with her magnet and putting them in a dented paint can. As I watched her depart, I played my words back in my head. I wondered why she hadn't appreciated their full value. I listened to my internal recordings, over and over, until the bulb lit. Flash! I got it. I was the worker, but so were the concept men and the assemblers. It was the car that was important, not the individuals on the build team. It was the house, the simple decent house that was important. No! It was Maggie that mattered - Maggie and her kids. I and every other volunteer that came and went on that South Texas build were just instruments.
+Team leader corner
+Happy spring everyone! We're sitting in Tennessee, waiting for it to stop snowing and blowing so we can continue our trek home to Maine!!
+A big thank you to our marvelous March team leaders. They are: George and Diane Gravlee; Earl Cunningham and his granddaughter, Kylie Randolph; Larry and Memorie Halstead; Robin and Janet Masek; Andy and Kim Hansen; Harold and Marsha Squires; Alan and April Lenning; Rick and Paula Huls; and Roger and Linda Harvey. Thank you so much for responding to my request to serve as team leaders.
+A word about safety, as Habitat gets more into rehab and disaster rebuilding, Care-A-Vanners are likely to encounter hazardous materials such as mold or asbestos. The affiliate should provide appropriate eyewear and masks. However, as team leaders, your team's safety and well-being are your number one priority. If you are ever uncomfortable or uncertain about a situation, bring it to the construction supervisor's attention. If this does not result in a satisfactory response, you may contact any of us at the Care-A-Vanner desk, and we will research it and respond promptly. In the meantime, stay safe and know you are doing much to assure that everyone has a safe, decent place to call home.
+Team leaders are needed for the following builds:
+If you are available, please contact me ASAP. Thank you!
+Remember, if you've been thinking about becoming team leaders but are not sure what's involved, contact me and I will send you the guidelines. Also, don't forget to check the "team leader interest" box on your registration if you are willing to lead the build.
+Thank you,
+Brenda Sawyer
+Team leader coordinator
+bsawyer@habitat.org
+Since the last newsletter, we had one more couple step up to help in Albany, Ga. Thanks go to Robin and Sharon Grant for helping out the week of March 18.
+I am still compiling an email list for those who enjoy working or think they might enjoy working with students. There is no commitment on your part, but the emails will let you know where and when help supervising these students is needed and give you another option for your travel schedule. These will be one-week builds, but you can sign up for as many as you like, and in different places if you like. Let me know if you would like your email address added so you can receive this information starting next fall. Affiliates who want help with supervision will provide a place to park your RV.
+If you are already helping unofficially in this regard, I would still like your email address so that it can become official for hours and evaluations. This helps with grants and other things at the RV desk. Mary Vandeveld is doing a wonderful job, but you can support her further by giving me your information so that I can summarize it and pass it on to her.
+Diane Gravlee
+Collegiate Challenge coordinator
+dggravlee@gmail.com
+Remember, and put on your calendars, 25th Anniversary Build & Rally, April 21 � May 4, 2014, Springfield, Mo.
+Note: A 25th anniversary information page, which includes an online donation button, is now live. We will update this page as new information becomes available.
+What we need is a volunteer to head up each of these categories: seminars, food, entertainment and decorations. We will also need a photographer and MC for the evening events at the rally. Please contact the above coordinators for the position you would like to volunteer for.
+When spur plates are used, on surfaces other than pavement, the base of the ladder will be much more solid.
+Now let's talk about the top of the ladder. We need to affix the ladder to the roof edge/soffit so that it cannot move. two-by-four that is several inches wider than the ladder itself, to which we affix another piece of two-by-four that is the same width as the interior measurement of the ladder. Once this is constructed, it can be affixed to the house, either with nails or with clamps. The wider piece keeps the ladder away from the edge to prevent damage, and the narrower piece holds the ladder so it cannot move.
+Once the ladder block is in place, the ladder can be put in place, and it will not move side to side. I have seen some attempts to do this by placing nails on either side of the ladder, but those often can bend and are not nearly as secure.
+What else needs to be done with this ladder placement?
+The depth of the backer board can be increased, if the roof lip or some other obstruction requires it, by adding additional backer board(s).
+The ladder pictured is not tied off. If the ladder will be used to repeatedly access the roof (as in shingling operations), OSHA requires that it be tied off so that it cannot come off the block. One way to do this is to place a screw eye in the wider block on either side of the ladder rails and then use those requires that a ladder extend at least 3 feet above the roof. While a shorter ladder was used for the photographs so that the block could be clearly seen, the ladder should extend at least 3 feet above the roofline so that people can move from the ladder to the roof and the roof to the ladder from a standing position without having to bend. More distance above the roof is fine, and taller folks may like 4-5 feet for ease of access. The goal: Walk on, walk off!
+Block your ladder, use the feet and make sure it's long enough.
+Setting an extension ladder on sloping ground
+Reminder: If the ground slopes away from the house, the spur plates are not as effective as on flat ground. The base of the ladder should be braced against a two-by-four, or better yet, a two-by-six held in place with long metal foundation stakes so that it is firmly implanted.
+Be careful to watch your angle. Remember the 4-to-1 foot rule. For every 4 feet up, the ladder needs to go out an additional foot. Count this from the base of the ladder � not up at the house level if the ladder base is below the house.
+Be safe,
+Questions, cancellations or concerns?
+1-800-HABITAT, ext. 7534
+1-229-410-7534 (direct)
+rvinfodesk@habitat.org
+RV Care-A-Vanner staff contact info
+Register for a build online
+Step-by-step instructions
+Roster updates
+Please email updated roster information to rvinfodesk@habitat.org or ltillotson@habitat.org or call 1-229-410-7534.
+Report Care-A-Vanner hours
+Help us keep track of total volunteer hours contributed, and partner families served. Please email these stats from your drop-in or ongoing builds to rvinfodesk@habitat.org.
+Donate to RV Care-A-Vanners
+How to donate money or vehicles
+Over the years I have read about many disaster’s at sea and of course the Titanic springs to mind almost instinctively. However, in October 2017 I discovered yet another disaster that has slipped below the radar, and I was determined to create some way to commemorate the men who lost their lives in the disaster 100 years ago on this day. It was an uphill slog because unfortunately accuracy is difficult because of the poor records, contradicting evidence and the multiplicity of the same names being used. Unfortunately I was not able to get anybody involved with the disaster commemorations to look at what I did and assist in getting it correct.
+The HMY community on LIves of the First World War.
+HMY Iolaire was a former private yacht that had been pressed into naval service in the Outer Hebrides during the First World War, and on old years eve 1918 she was hurriedly loaded with over 200 members of the Royal Naval Reserve to take them home to the Island of Lewis on leave. That passage is fraught with danger for those who do not know these waters; rough seas, an unforgiving coastline and submerged reefs are all just waiting for the right moment to spring their deadly trap.
+The RNR men were all inhabitants from this area, most had served and survived through the war years, often serving in minelayers or small craft that performed a very necessary function, but without the glitz and glamour associated with a much larger vessel. Their own knowledge of the sea meant that these experienced seamen were much in demand by the Royal Navy, and they performed admirably in the roles they filled. It was almost the beginning of a new year and they had survived the war and the flu epidemic and Hogmanay was approaching. The Iolaire would take them home to waiting families, and there were more men than spaces on that ill-fated vessel. Crowded with happy reservists she would sail into destiny from the pier at Kyle of Lochalsh.
+Back home on Lewis; parents, wives and children were preparing to welcome home their men, it would be a festive occasion because some of the men had not been home in a long time, and with the war over all that was left was demobilisation and a final return home and civilian life. On board the yacht some of the men slept, some talked, others swapped yarns and compared their military service with men that they did not know. The master of the vessel was Commander Richard Gordon Mason and once they had sailed the commander went below, presumably to sleep, leaving Lieutenant Leonard Edmund Cotter in charge. These were not amateur seamen but experienced men who knew how to handle ships.
+The Beasts of Holm (Gael: Biastan Thuilm) is a rocky outcrop near the harbour and Iolaire was driving towards it, with seemingly nobody in charge attempting to rectify the situation. To make matters worse the weather was starting to get rough, and the darkness compounded the problem. It also emerged that there was no lookout stationed in the bows of the vessel, although given the darkness and how little time there would be to make course corrections it was really a moot point.
+“The Beasts of Holm rocks near Stornoway on Isle of Lewis Scotland” by Dave Conner is licensed under CC BY 2.0 (image resized)
+Below the men had no way of knowing the calamity to come, and when the ship struck the rocks they were all in immediate danger. The chances are that many died almost immediately, but for others it was the beginning of a life or death struggle. Many were encumbered by their heavy uniforms and unfamiliarity with the ship, To make matters worse she did not have life-saving equipment for them all, the lifeboats were few, and in the heaving seas trying to launch them successfully would be almost impossible as the ship plunged and ground her iron plates on the rocks.
+The tragedy was unfolding almost 20 yards from land, but nobody on land was aware that a ship was foundering on their doorstep, Some men tried to swim for safety but in the cold wild waters almost none would make it. One brave man, John F. Macleod from Ness, Isle of Lewis, managed to get ashore with a rope and a hand over hand crossing was established, but the sea would clear that vital rope of its cargo on more than one occasion, but men were getting ashore, often battered and bleeding but alive.
+There were really many things that went wrong on that night and once the alarm had been sounded on land things moved at a frustratingly slow pace; people had to be woken up, keys had to be found, horses found, cars hired and so on. By the time all of it had been coordinated it was too late, the ship had gone down, those who could reach safety had, although one man still clung to the mast. The morning light revealed the carnage, dead men washed up on the shore, or drifting in the sea, exhausted survivors looking for help and trying to find their friends or family that may have survived. The full horror was still to come as the islanders tried to take stock of what had happened. Isolated families were notified and the festivities of Hogmanay would be forgotten as married women found that they were now widows while their children were unable to understand the magnitude of the tragedy that was unfolding around them.
+Aftermath.
+The dead were gradually gathered in and taken to a hastily evacuated ammunition store that now served as a mortuary. Small boats scoured the area looking for and recovering bodies, while parties on shore walked the jagged coastline, hoping to find survivors, but the sea had not given up all of it’s dead. Of the ship there was little trace, and a number of bodies were invariably trapped within its flooded compartments.
+The community where this disaster had unfolded was never the same again, families would grieve for many years, while those who had lived through it would suffer from “survivors guilt”. A commission of inquiry was set up but it could find no real reason for why the ship ended up on the Beasts of Holm in the first place. There was nobody alive who could explain the sequence of events on the bridge that had led to the ship hitting the rocks, and naturally scapegoats would be sought so as not to throw the spotlight on high ranking officers or the Admiralty.
+A further inquiry was launched to establish more facts and possibly apportion blame, and generally it seemed to do a reasonable job given the difficulties involved, but no real reason behind the accident was ever found. Those that knew went down with the ship.
+The dead are buried in many places. I found a crewman buried in Portsmouth while a search at CWGC under 01/01/1919 will bring up a long list of men who are buried in a number of cemeteries in the community and surrounding settlements, while some are commemorated on the Portsmouth, Plymouth and Chatham Naval Memorials. There is a memorial to those who lost their lives on the Island of Lewis, but is is a rarely visited memorial because the story is almost forgotten.
+The Iolaire Memorial, Holm Point, near Stornoway, Lewis
+Young children would grow and watch as the world plunged once again into a mad war, some would following in the footsteps of the previous generation and serve their country, and once again women would mourn those who never returned. The story of the sinking of the Iolaire is more than a story about a small ship foundering, it is about complacency and negligence and about a community ripped apart in the early morning of a new year.
+Sadly the men of the Iolaire are mostly forgotten now, occasionally someone like me will stumble on the story and ask the same questions that were asked almost 100 years ago. We will not find any answers either. Unfortunately a number of difficulties facing anybody who is researching the disaster is trying to make sense of the Scottish naming conventions that often leave a researcher with multiple occurrences of the same name. There is also a lack of information in general as to the men who served in the Merchant Navy as well as the Royal Navy Reserve, most of these me were members of the latter. Fortunately somebody has done the work for me and there is a Roll of Honour that I found very useful.
+There is not a lot of information out there. A good place to start is the The sinking of H.M.Y. Iolaire – 1 January 1919 page, as well as the Wikipedia page and of course the relevant CWGC pages for individual casualties. I bought a very good book called: “When I Heard the Bell: The Loss of the Iolaire” by John MacLeod (Edinburgh: Birlinn Press. ISBN 978-1-84158-858-2.), and it went into aspects that I had not even considered before. Another book is due to be launched in 2018 called “The Darkest Dawn: The Story of The Iolaire Disaster” by Malcolm Macdonald and Donald John Macleod.
+The Iolaire was built in 1881 by Ferguson of Leith. (634 tons) and her original name was Iolanthe. This was later changed to Mione, and later, to Amalthaea. She is however not to be confused with the Iolaire that was owned by Sir Donald Currie. In 1915, the luxury sailing yacht Amalthaea was commandeered by the Admiralty and converted and armed for anti-submarine warfare and coastal patrols. Her owner was Mr Michael Duff-Assheton Smith, who later became Sir Michael Duff. He had bought her from the Duke of Westminster.
+© DRW 2017-2018. Created 21/07/2017. Image of Iolaire Memorial is © Stephen Branley and is being used under the the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license. Image has been cropped, darkened and resized. “The Beasts of Holm rocks near Stornoway on Isle of Lewis Scotland” by Dave Conner is licensed under CC BY 2.0
+Niecy Nash is one of those faces you know you’ve seen on a TV show or in a movie at some point. And it’s likely that you have. You may recognize her from the seven years she spent as the Emmy-winning host of the Style Network’s home makeover series Clean House. Or as the hilarious Nurse Didi in HBO’s Getting On. Or as a civil rights activist in director Ava DuVernay’s breakout film Selma in 2014. Or maybe she was in your living rooms during Reno 911!, The Bernie Mac Show, The Mindy Project, Masters of Sex, Scream Queens...
+The point is, Nash is no stranger to entertainment. The 49-year-old has been in the industry for 24 years, with 79 acting credits to her name on IMDb. But this year, it feels like Niecy Nash is no longer just a face that you recognize but can’t quite place. Now in her third season as the star of the hit TNT show Claws, and one of the cast members in the wrenching new Netflix series When They See Us, it seems 2019 is the year Hollywood decided to place Niecy Nash fully in the spotlight. Finally.Her journey has been a long time coming. Nash can remember being five years old and seeing “the most gorgeous Black woman” she had ever laid eyes on, with “a long red dress with eyelashes that looked like butterflies.” Nash’s grandmother told her, “Baby, that’s Lola Falana!” Nash responded that, just like the singer and dancer Falana, when she grew up, she wanted to be “Black, fabulous, and on TV!”
+At her OprahMag.com photoshoot, that vision has come into fruition for Nash, who channels her inner Hollywood starlet while Destiny’s Child (her request) blares in the background. She’s 5’4”, but even in slippers, she appears taller, walking with a cool confidence. When she takes a peek at a preview of her photos, she nods with approval and a matter-of-fact, “We got it.” When asked to share the secret to the glowing skin that sparkles so well on camera, Nash declares without missing a beat: “Making a lot of love. And expensive champagne!” Lola Falana would be proud.
+Of course, Nash’s experience in entertainment isn’t always so glamorous. In fact, she calls her involvement in Netflix’s When They See Us (out this Friday) the result of a “burden” she’s been carrying for years. In the mini-series, Nash plays the mother of Korey Wise, one of the Central Park Five—or the Exonerated Five, as DuVernay prefers to call them—Black and Latino teenagers who were wrongfully accused of raping a New York jogger in Central Park in 1989.
+Their trials dominated the news cycle at the time, and each of them served full sentences before a convicted murderer and rapist eventually confessed to the rape in 2002. Across four episodes, DuVernay cinematically delivers a long overdue story that will fill viewers with an aching for the lives that Antron McCray, Yusef Salaam, Kevin Richardson, Raymond Santana, and Korey Wise were robbed of.
+But in a complex story that required a very large cast of characters to tell, Nash’s performance stands out. Her scenes are few but powerful as she portrays Wise’s shell-shocked mother, Delores, with stunning relatability. There is one scene where Delores stands at a convenience store cash register as she watches a then-far-from-presidential Donald Trump on the news arguing that her incarcerated 16-year-old son should receive the death penalty. (Yes, that's actual footage.) Nash has no words in the scene, and she doesn’t need them; the pain on her face is palpable.
+ says. “So when I heard that Ava was doing this story...baby, you know I slid in them DMs. I was like hey, I’ma need to be somebody’s mama—if I could’ve played one of the boys, I would’ve. In my mind, it was mandatory that I figure out a way to be a part of this project. I don’t know that justice can ever be served to the Exonerated Five, but I do hope there is some peace that comes from getting their story told through their lens.”
+Nash became so passionate while working on When They See Us that after filming, she decided to become an ambassador for The Innocence Project, a non-profit organization that aims to exonerate the wrongfully convicted. “I hope that after watching this series, we won’t be so quick to rush to judgement,” Nash says. “We shouldn’t be in a place where when we see a Black or brown boy carted off in handcuffs, we instantly say ‘Oh Lord, what did he do now?’ Let’s start with: ‘Did he even do it?’”
+The Los Angeles native admits that being so invested in a project like When They See Us—which feels eerily timely, even 30 years later—was emotionally draining, particularly given the fact that the five men and their families often visited the set. Luckily, their leader had taken that into account. “I applaud Ava so much because this was the first project I’ve ever been on that provided a crisis counselor number for you,” Nash says. “The material was so heavy, and it was a lot to carry.”
+Nash is open about the many burdens she’s carried in her own life. She was in her early 20s playing “a horrible game of breakup to makeup” with her first husband when she decided enough was enough. She picked up the phone and called a casting director she’d met. “I said ‘This is Niecy Nash, I’m broke, I got a baby and I need a job,’” Nash remembers. “He said ‘Be here at 2:00,’ and I said ‘I’m on my way.’” Thanks to that first audition, Nash landed a small part in 1995’s Boys on the Side starring Whoopi Goldberg and Drew Barrymore.
+Soon, she was booking roles in series like Party of Five, Malcolm & Eddie, Reba, and Girlfriends. But it wasn’t long before Nash realized she was being pigeonholed into bring-on-the-laughs sidekick roles, a lane she wasn’t entirely comfortable in. She remembered growing up and being punished for making jokes in church or class, so she never fully embraced her naturally funny side—until her brother was murdered in 1993.
+“After my brother was killed, my mother got in the bed and said ‘I’m never getting back out.’” Nash remembers. “I didn’t know what to do—but I did know I could make my mama laugh. So I would perform at the foot of her bed every day.” One day when Nash arrived, her mother wasn’t in the bed. “She was in the living room with our neighbors and she said, ‘I told them you was funny. Get that karaoke microphone and tell these people some jokes!’ I realize comedy did not totally heal my mother, but it did help piecemeal her back together. As I was standing on that fireplace, I heard a voice as audible as my own say ‘Niecy, don’t be selfish. There are other people suffering—go outside and spread it around.’”
+So Nash did just that, embracing the comedic roles she received, realizing that, like the Robin Williams and Jim Carreys of the world, “the people who can make you laugh can also make you cry. Many of us come to comedy because of our pain.”
+She also stopped worrying about being pigeonholed, which is how she lasted for nearly a decade hosting Clean House, which won her an Emmy award in 2010. “Clean House started out as a job and became a passion, because home decor wasn’t even my thing, but I realized very quickly that clutter was an outward expression of an inward thing, and I really wanted to help people figure that part out,” says Nash. “People still come up to me on the street and say ‘Hey girl, I’m thinking about painting my kitchen yellow, what you think?’ And I’m like, I still need someone to help me figure out what color to paint my kitchen!’ But what I can tell you about is how to deal with your brokenness and your pain. I know all about that part.”
+After she wrapped HBO’s Getting On—which earned her two Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Emmy nominations—Nash was finally ready to go after more dramatic roles, which is when she began to land parts in projects like Selma and Masters of Sex. As her star continued to rise, she had two more children...and, she admits, a few more breakups, but she’s been happily married for the past eight years to her husband, Jay Tucker, an electrical engineer. (On Instagram, she recently shared the secret to their successful marriage: Separate bathrooms.)
+But Nash’s biggest breakthrough came in 2017 when she debuted as Desna in TNT’s Claws, a dramedy that’s reminiscent of Breaking Bad...if Breaking Bad happened in a Florida nail shop and starred women who unapologetically love sex, clothes, and money. As Desna, Nash breaks barriers, both as the Black female lead of a television show, but also by reminding viewers that labels are just that—labels.
+“I’m pulling air quotes from heaven when I say this, but I think what’s great about Claws is that you get to see badass broads who are ‘women of a certain age,’” Nash says. “Women of different backgrounds and ethnicities and shades and sizes, coming together in sisterhood in the types of roles that were typically reserved for men in shows like The Sopranos. But here we are, women—many who are not a size 2—leading the charge and having sex for our own pleasure, in these streets getting after it. I love that I bring that to the table.”
+For season three, which returns on June 9, Nash is also bringing something else to the table—or the lens, rather. This season, she and Carrie Preston (who plays her squad member, Polly) are both directing episodes. And Nash has not hesitated to make sure that privilege gets passed on to other women like her.
+“I’ve been asked about working with Ava and one interviewer said, ‘I’m sure you haven’t seen many Black women directors.’ But for me, it’s the exact opposite,” Nash says. “I’m the Black lead of a show, so where I go, the Black women will follow. I’ll say, ‘We need you over here Cheryl Dunye, and we need you over here, Victoria Mahoney. We need you.’ And the women are showing up.”
+Niecy Nash certainly has a full plate. She’s starring in a Netflix series that’s sure to spark conversation around the country and is the lead in a groundbreaking, glitzy series. But when asked what her next dream project would be, she coos with delight at the possibilities. “I’ve been talking about doing a movie with Chrissy Metz. We are in love with each other’s art, and I would love to work together,” Nash says. “And to be quite honest with you, Ava DuVernay has me at hello. So if she calls me for anything, I’m like ‘Hello lady, I’m putting on my sweatpants, and I’m on my way.’”
+And there’s one more woman Nash wouldn’t mind working with again, either.
+“When it comes to Oprah...this is just me, don’t at me people. But I feel like there’s God, then there’s Oprah, and then there’s the Obamas. That’s my take on it, and I’m sticking to it,” Nash says with a laugh. “When I’ve worked with her, I’ve taken any nuggets that she has dropped as if they were dripping from the throne.”
+The Oprah nugget that’s stuck with Nash most?
+“That it’s okay for a woman to make a strong drink!” Nash says. “Oprah Winfrey has a heavy hand! She made me a drink one time, I took a sip, and my eyes crossed. I said ‘Okay Ms. Winfrey, is that what we doin?’ But hey, why shouldn’t a woman make herself a strong drink?”
+Cheers to that.
+Photographer: Allie Holloway. Hair: Robyn Michele. Makeup: Merrell Hollis. Stylist: Hannah Deely. White Long Sleeve dress: Lauren Ralph Lauren from Macy’s. Green Dress: City Triangles, davidsbridal.com. White Slip: Olivia Von Halle, shopbop.com. Blue Robe: Rosamosario.
+The south pool waterfall with the Freedom Tower in the background is shown as work continues on the National Sept. 11 Memorial and Museum at the World Trade Center site in New York. (Getty Images)
+Seven years since its design was unveiled, and $700 million in public and private funding later, the National Sept. 11 Memorial and Museum is at last upon us. Following today’s ceremony exclusively for victims’ families, part of the site will open to everyone starting tomorrow with an online reservations-only policy.
+I howled over the Memorial plan in 2004 and 2005: “It stinks.” I recoiled from its “morbidity, “open storm drains,” and “earth-hogging mediocrity.” The design seemed to ignore that 9/11 was defined by selflessness and heroism as well as by loss. My impression was based on drawings and models. Now that it’s a granite reality, what will you find?
+It may depend on the weather — although not in the way you might expect. It took an awful afternoon of teeming rain and wind to make this austere, coldly beautiful monument to our dead come alive for me. What a pity that to experience anything like catharsis a visitor must be willing to get drenched.
+I was fortunate to lose no one on 9/11. But I lost no one in Vietnam, either, and Maya Lin’s famous Washington wall made me well up. At the World Trade Center, site of mass murder far more recent than the war, I expected more than a dispassionate rekindling of sorrow that’s muted by the passage of 10 years.
+If anything made me want to cry, it was the process that led to the designation of the design by gifted architect Michael Arad, who was later partnered with landscape architect Peter Walker to soften Arad’s original bleak vision. Arad’s “Reflecting Absence” was chosen in a blind competition by 13 judges appointed by the Lower Manhattan Development Corp. (Yes, the same LMDC that took nine years to demolish the Deutsche Bank building.)
+As New Yorkers know from renderings, the centerpiece of Arad’s scheme — on nearly half of what was once called Ground Zero — is the pair of square, reflecting pool waterfalls set within the Twin Towers’ footprints. Their scale is eye-popping: two cataracts, on each side as long as a city block.
+But while they’re bound to be insanely popular with tourists, they suggest less the heartwrenching dispatch of souls to oblivion than massive industrial runoff.
+The Memorial has engaged New Yorkers’ hearts more than any of the World Trade Center site’s other elements. Former Gov. George Pataki decreed it the “centerpiece” and forbade building on the “hallowed ground” of the Twin Tower footprints. Because the project is weighted down by so much political and emotional baggage, it was regarded as impolite — even impermissible — to criticize it too bluntly, as if to do so were to speak ill of the terrorist attack’s victims and their loved ones.
+Yet questions raised seven years ago remain valid. Did making the footprints off-limits to human traffic immortalize the terrorists’ work more than was necessary to honor their victims? Why should the Memorial’s only portion which speaks to 9/11’s heroism and the city’s resilience — such as fire trucks and the Survivors’ Staircase — be stuck in a museum deep underground?
+Moreover, are 8 acres on the 16-acre WTC site simply too big, diluting the focused intensity of, say, DC’s Vietnam Memorial — which unforgettably honors the memory of 58,000 Americans in a wall less than 500 feet long and a mere 10 feet high?
+At the time I first wrote harshly of Arad’s vision, nothing seemed likely ever to emerge from the Ground Zero mud. The Memorial seemed too complicated and expensive to build. How, in a city where park water fountains must be turned off for half the year, could waterfalls nearly 200 feet on each side run day and night year-round?
+Yet, thanks to a big push by Mayor Bloomberg and the unquestioned dedication of the architects and the Memorial Foundation, the project has emerged largely as conceived. (We’ll see how well the falls work in the next blizzard, though.)
+After so many travails, it’s a wonder we have a Memorial at all — and it’s perhaps for that reason that learned architectural critics may be pulling their punches.
+Paul Goldberger in The New Yorker praised the “strong, almost minimalist” footprints, the plaza’s “dignity and repose” and the manner in which the project balanced the WTC’s commemorative and commercial needs. In a dissent from the mainstream, Justin Davidson in New York Magazine termed the pools “chilly geometric fissures,” a “permanent necropolis in the heart of downtown” and, for good measure, “an adornment for real estate.”
+Although I’d traipsed through mud and navigated catwalks to follow the progress of the office buildings, setting foot on the level earth of the plaza last week made the new World Trade Center more real to me than elevator rides did. The Memorial lets us into the site’s heart for the first time since 9/11, and being there in itself is exhilarating.
+At least until more new buildings go up, the plaza affords a stirring perspective on downtown’s rebirth — 7 WTC, the Goldman Sachs headquarters and Frank Gehry’s undulating new apartment tower. The reflective curtain-wall facades of 1 and 4 WTC, the gleaming stainless steel and glass of the Memorial Pavilion (the entrance to the museum) and the pools make for an outdoor hall of mirrors.
+But the severity of the Memorial ground soon asserts itself, as if the aim were to keep order as much as to console. Its stark geometry is broken only by the pavilion, a sleek wedge cocked at a sharp angle to the pools. The formal, near-martial mood pervades even the plaza. The swamp white oaks are aligned in straight rows, most set rigidly parallel or perpendicular to the pools. Pale granite blocks that will serve as seats stand little more than a foot above ground; it’s hard to imagine lingering on them for long.
+Until the museum is completed, the falls will be the main attraction. Embraced in handsome bronze parapets which mark the Twin Towers’ perimeters, tumbling not once but twice into “voids” of near-impregnable black granite, they’re a helluva feat of engineering. Materials and craftsmanship are of the highest order. There was virtually no “value engineering,” the dreaded, common technique which substitutes lookalike, cheaper materials for the ones the architect wanted.
+However, one of Arad’s most controversial components was dropped — walkways to galleries beneath the pool surfaces, where victims’ names would have been displayed through sheets of falling water. Arad told me he was “apprehensive” about losing them but now believes installing the names on the bronze parapet, a “line separating the living from the dead,” actually works better. Most victims’ loved ones certainly will prefer seeing them there rather than having to undergo a submarine-like trek below.
+The names appear as hollowed-out carvings in the parapets. Meticulously bored through the bronze by water jets, they invite touching. The cutouts feel comforting on the fingers, the edges neither sharp nor too soft.
+Their emotional kick, however, is undercut by the din of the falls — halfway between soothing and thunderous, not edgy but merely annoying. Some have claimed the sound blots out the racket of Manhattan. For me, it merged with the groan of cranes and earth-movers which will be part of the place for years to come.
+That was a sunny, windless afternoon. Water poured in distinct streams down the granite from a lip behind the parapet to the floor 30 feet below; there, the water ebbed into the much smaller central void. Although renderings depicted the second descent as a torrent, the real thing resembled dribble down a drain. The falls did not, for me, evoke the thousands who perished or the towers that once stood.
+In fairness, a different afternoon produced a different response altogether. It was raining furiously and full of wind. The black granite and the leaden sky merged into a mournful, enveloping monochrome. The falls mingled with the torrent to generate random spumes, swirling eddies and fireworks of angry vapor. The pool was turbulent as if with the spirits of the dead howling over the devil’s work. If I interpreted it so literally, so, I suspect, will others.
+The Memorial is certain to draw huge crowds. Once the public grasps that it’s truly open, reserving a visit online might soon be as challenging as booking a seat at Momofuku Ko.
+For sightseers and critics alike, it’s too early to definitively judge a work still very much in progress. The museum won’t open until 12 months from now. More than a third of the trees have yet to be planted, and those in place are years from maturing into a leafy canopy that will stretch to the pool rims. And the plaza’s northeastern quadrant can’t even be started until the Transportation Hub, which will lie partly beneath it, is finished.
+Neither is the experience the same that visitors will one day have. The WTC remains a hazardous construction site, so public access to the Memorial is restricted for now. Memorial president Joe Daniels says the “interim” period may last up to three years, depending on how soon the office buildings are completed. Until then, entry is through a single gate off West Street, thus committing guests to something like a line of march.
+That means casual enjoyment — if such a term is appropriate for a site commemorating victims of a mass atrocity — is far off. Until that day, the pools will be what people come to see. Shifting patterns of light and wind will alter impressions. So will nightfall, when the names are to be illuminated from behind and lights along the pool floors’ perimeters impart a ghostly glow, doubled by reflections on the granite, through the water.
+The moment I felt most moved, though, had nothing to do with the falls’ watery narrative of descent into nothingness.
+The Tower 1 (north) footprint lies almost at the door of 1 WTC, now more than two-thirds of its full height. Their close proximity first struck me merely as odd. But then, I wanted to lift up the new tower and plunk it on top of the pool where it belonged. At that moment I felt the pangs of absence more than I did from watching oceans pour down a granite drain.
+scuozzo@nypost.com
+< back to Sherry’s profile page
+Agent Ratings for Sherry Hughes
+Sherry Hughes
+REALTOR® Lic. #01878567
+
+Beverly M.
+Home seller in Antioch
+$385K
+05/31/15
+Our experience with Sherry was nothing but positive! The short sale of our home was very arduous, but, through Sherry's diligence and strong work ethic, came to a successful conclusion. Our only other experience with a realtor was 17 years ago. Even though he had been in the business considerably longer than Sherry, he did not demonstrate the same level of professionalism, attention to detail and true understanding of our needs and the experience with him left us less than satisfied. Sherry is a breath of fresh air. She listened attentively to our needs and secured the purchase of our new home quickly. The short sale of our existing home became a huge challenge with the existing mortgage holder sold the loan when we had a buyer. The obstacles faced in dealing with the new company resulted in loss of that buyer, but Sherry worked even harder and the home finally sold. I highly recommend Sherry to anyone looking to buy/sell a home. She is dedicated to seeing that her client's needs are met and follows through on all details. She is an amazing woman and a highly skilled realtor.
+Sonji W.
+Home buyer in Antioch
+$420K
+05/08/15
+When I first met sherry she showed so much concerned she also displayed kindness and attention to detail she listened to what my needs and my wants were sherry is really good at her job and I can really tell she loves doing what she does and she works for her clients.
+Scott O.
+Home buyer in Modesto
+$247K
+01/18/15
+Sherry was extremely help with my questions,concerns and has a strong knowledge of Real Estate requirements.
+Kira A.
+Home buyer in Oakley
+$310K
+11/21/14
+Sherry has been amazing once again! We are ao lucky to have had her assistance twice now. Sherry is very professional and it is so clear how much she truly cares about her clients. I will recommend her to anyone looking to buy or sell a home!!!
+Previous review from Kira A.
+05/08/11
+Sherry was absolutely wonderful!! We couldnt have asked for a better agent!! I will reccommend Sherry to everyone I know interested in buying a home!
+Matt D.
+Condo buyer in Dublin
+$327K
+10/18/14
+Sherry was absolutely amazing. She was so patient with my wife and I and handled everything to perfection. We could not have asked for a better agent!
+Courtney Y.
+Home buyer in Castro Valley
+$640K
+07/20/14
+Sherry was an absolute joy to work with. She made the process of sell our home and buying another simple and stress free. Sherry is always available for a question to be answered, viewing homes, or just assisting with homes matters. When you work with Sherry, you get more that an agent; you gain a friend...
+Mohammed K.
+Home buyer in Antioch
+$285K
+05/15/14
+Awesome agent. Friendly, caring and straight forward. Loved working with Sherry.
+Paula S.
+Home buyer in San Pablo
+$285K
+04/25/14
+Sherry was and is Fantastic! We had a set number of things we wanted from a new home and she went above and beyond. Sherry would meet us just about any time, and any where.. which worked really well for us as we both work regular 9-5 jobs, and it was never a problem for Sherry to meet us when we were off work. Sherry is very pleasant, accommodating, and understanding. She also answers emails at all hours of the night, and responses are within hours, usually minutes, instead of days like we had seen with other agents. Sherry made it easy for us to see the types of homes we wanted, and we got to see a ton of them. We're moving into our new home next weekend, and we know that without Sherry we never would be getting our perfect home. We're so happy, thanks Sherry!
+Andrew G.
+Home buyer in Carmichael
+$200K
+03/02/14
+Sherry is amazing! She's a powerful person in a little package. She was ALWAYS available to me and so nice. I would be ecstatic to be able to recommend anyone to her because she has my full confidence.
+Joseph G.
+Home buyer in Oakley
+$381K
+12/24/13
+Sherry went over and beyond on helping us find our new home.
+Previous review from Joseph G.
+09/14/13
+I would highly recommend Sherry to anybody I know, She goes above and beyond the call of duty. She also has a great positive attitude and wants best for her client!
+Juan V.
+Home buyer in Brentwood
+$485K
+09/28/13
+Me and my family want to thank sherry for tha wonderfull job she done in making possible tha purchase of our new home she did what it took to make things easy for us and on time we thank you sherry
+Steven F.
+Home buyer in Hercules
+$425K
+06/28/13
+We thought we'd never find a home in this crazy market, but Sherry was confident we would. She took us out every weekend to look at new listings until we found the perfect home. Sherry was very patient and clued us in on all the things first-time home buyers should know. She is very responsive and seemingly available at all hours of the day/night. We were actually in China when our offer was accepted and during the close process but Sherry was still able to close within 30 days! I'd recommend Sherry to anyone looking to buy a home in the Bay Area, definitely a 5 star agent!!!
+Ryan S L.
+Home buyer in Livermore
+$370K
+02/07/13
+Sherry was a pleasure to work with in the process of buying our first home. She was very knowledgable and willing to help me with any question I had. I will be recommending her to all my family and friends.
+Aylin D.
+Townhome buyer in Dublin
+$451K
+01/11/13
+My wife and I cannot recommend Sherry highly enough!! Not only was she absolutely fantastic at her job throughout the entire process, but she is a lovely lady also who genuinely cares about you. She was with us every step of the way, even when she didn't have to be and made our first home buying experience a pleasure and stress free. Constantly in contact and very knowledgable, I don't have a single bad word to say! Thank you Sherry! Dan.
+Steven T.
+Home buyer in Dublin
+$475K
+11/26/12
+Sherry was great!! This was our first time buying a home, and she was very patient with us. Sherry took the time to answer any and all question we had about the whole process, and consistently reached out to us to make sure we were satisfied. Sherry was also very easy to get a hold of and responded very quickly to us. She also helped us through the entire loan process all the way until the end when we got our keys. Thanks Sherry!
+Rene T.
+Home buyer in Antioch
+$165K
+11/25/12
+My wife and I were first time buyers and we were so fortunate to have found Sherry, she put so much effort into getting us into our new home, we know that if it wasn't because of Sherry we would not have a house, so if you are looking for a house, do yourself a favor and give Sherry a call, we didn't think we could and now we are very confortable living in our new home. We would highly recomend Sherry, Thank you so much Sherry!
+Kimberly S.
+Home buyer in Martinez
+$310K
+09/12/12
+Sherry is AMAZING!! She was great to work with and was always there for us. She was a great support system for us when it came to dealing with our lender (of our choice). She is very well informed and always kept us updated on very thing. She always returned our phone calls and was very quick to respond. She was always available either by phone, email or text anytime of the day. We highly recommend her for anyone looking for a real estate agent, you can't go wrong. Sherry, Thank You for getting us into our new home and adventurer.
+Hilda R.
+Home buyer in Pittsburg
+$399K
+09/04/12
+I had a great experience in my purchase with sherry. This was the first home I had purchased on my own and sherry supported me every step of the way. I highly recommend Sherry as she was professional and dedicated her time to assist me with everything possible to make the purchase of the house a pleasant experience.
+Home buyer in Antioch
+$315K
+10/12/11
+Sherry is a great agent. Professional at all times. Patient. Eager to make my fiance and myself happy and make our dream of buying a home a reality.
+Jennielynn L.
+Home buyer in Pittsburg
+$190K
+09/27/11
+My Husband and I just purchased our first home and we could not have been any luckier to have such an AWESOME realtor! Sherry was very informative and was always available when we needed her, no matter what day or time! Sherry made our home buying experience such a breeze. She got us into our home in a month! The thing we loved most about Sherry was her great personality and communication skills. She always made sure that we understood everything that was going on and that we had everything that we needed. We are truly thankful for everything that Sherry has done for us. She was so dedicated in helping us find our home. We have recommended her to a few friends so far and we will definitely get back in touch with her when we're ready to purchase another home. THANK YOU SHERRY! =)
+Home buyer in Antioch
+$240K
+11/27/10
+Sherry Hughes is the best we ever had, she always update us what going on.We know that we been through a lot we`ve been in the situations up and down, but Sherry is always there and keep us on a positive side, And she never give up. Untill now i can`t say thank you enough to her. Again thank you very much Sherry!
+TORONTO – Jason Brown was feeling out possibilities to continue his competitive skating career with a new coach, and he figured it made sense to see what it might be like to work with Brian Orser and his team.
+So, Brown came in mid-April to the Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club, with no promise other than the opportunity to do a couple training sessions with the coaches who had produced singles champions at the last three Olympics. Orser & Co. already had a rink full of elite talents, with more expected, and he was not sure if there was room for another.
+No sooner had Brown taken the ice with several other skaters, the room was his.
+.
+“At the end of last season, I was mentally distraught and emotionally torn apart,” Brown said during a lengthy interview between training sessions in Toronto.
+It was only after he spent six weeks late last winter with his parents in Palm Springs, Calif., and a couple weeks in early spring touring New Zealand with his sister that Brown, 23, decided he wanted to move forward as a competitive skater.
+“I know I have more to give to the sport,” he said.
+And that was when things got hard.
+To go on, Brown realized he needed to make a dramatic change, to take more charge of planning his career after a season in which, without giving details, he felt pulled in different directions by U.S. Figure Skating, by his coach, Kori Ade, and by his own ideas.
+That change meant leaving Ade, the only coach he had known for the 18 years since starting to skate at age 5. Ade is the person he still calls a second mom, the coach with whom he had moved from suburban Chicago to Colorado after his high school graduation, the coach with whom he made the 2014 Olympic team after the show-stopping free skate at the U.S. Championships that turned him into an overnight Internet sensation. He won a team bronze medal and was ninth in singles at the 2014 Winter Games.
+Brown, who went on to become the 2015 U.S. champion before battling an injury and generally losing ground as the quadruple jump revolution swept men’s singles, said he had told Ade in January in a face-to-face discussion of his intention to explore other coaching options. When the split became official with the late May announcement he was going to Toronto, Ade answered a text message seeking her comment on Brown’s decision by saying, “I’ll respond when I have a chance.”
+After five months and a follow-up text message to Ade: crickets.
+Brown said they exchanged hugs upon seeing each other at U.S. Figure Skating’s Champs Camp in late August but have had no other interaction.
+“It hasn’t been easy, and it wasn’t easy,” Brown said. “I’m not going to sugarcoat it and say everything is butterflies and rainbows, as much as I wish it was.
+“I have no hard feelings towards Kori. I love her.”
+Four months after moving to Toronto, as he prepared for his Grand Prix season debut at Skate Canada in Laval, Quebec, Friday afternoon, Brown had similar feelings about the difficulty of the new path he has chosen. It has involved working with three Cricket Club coaches – Wilson, Lee Barkell and Karen Preston – rather than one primary coach, an arrangement he knew before signing on would be the case.
+Just how hard it is for even an outstanding skater to start over in a completely different environment was underscored by his poor free skate and fourth-place finish at last month’s Autumn Classic International, the first time Brown had finished below second in seven Challenger Series events during his career.
+“I definitely learned (from Autumn Classic) it’s going to take time to fully transition with my new team,” Brown said. “While it’s been an incredible first few months, learning a new technique is challenging.”
+Orser has been reworking Brown’s jump technique, hoping to find the method that will allow him to land a fully-rotated quadruple jump for the first time in competition. Lack of a quad has put Brown at a considerable competitive disadvantage.
+His spins and footwork sequences and flourishes like the split jumps are nearly always brilliant. But they didn’t add up to enough points as rivals began ching chinging scores by routinely landing two quads in the short program and three or more in the free skate.
+These numbers are telling: at the 2015 World Championships, when he did not attempt a quad, Brown scored 248.29 points with a couple significant errors and finished fourth, 18 points from the podium; at the 2017 Worlds, with quad mania in full flower, Brown’s considerably higher score (a personal best 269.57) with just one error (a fall on a quad toe attempt) left him seventh, 34 points from the podium.
+“It has absolutely been frustrating not to have a quad, no denying that one,” Brown said. “I want to beat that demon.”
+Orser, 1984 and 1988 Olympic singles silver medalist, was taught a jump technique that was like climbing onto a step and rotating on the way down from there, which worked fine when triple jumps were the limit. Now he teaches the opposite: starting to rotate on the way up, beginning with the skater having his feet together under him on the takeoff to facilitate the earlier rotation.
+Brown said he also is working on head placement and using the core differently than he had on jumps in the past. Wilson, meanwhile, is teaching him a different style of basic skating skills, including stroking.
+“It’s not extreme differences,” Brown said. “To an outsider’s perspective, it’s like when a golfer changes their swing. Anyone watching from the outside won’t be thinking, “Oh, my gosh! Look at how amazing that swing is!’ But the golfer knows, and the golfer can feel the changes that he is going through.”
+The trick is to stick with the changes even when they have yet to produce the desired results consistently. Brown found out how hard that was at Champs Camp, the USFS pre-season evaluation sessions, which are not open to the public or media.
+“It’s not like I showed up at Champs Camp like, ‘I’m a whole new skater, with whole new tricks, look at me!’” Brown said. “It’s a process.”
+He still thought the adrenaline created by showing off the beta version of Jason Brown 2.0, the one without what had been an iconic ponytail, would outweigh his doubts. But the pressure of the situation overwhelmed his excitement, especially since he was aware of the bugs in the new system.
+“All I wanted to do was go back to what I knew,” Brown said. “I was fighting with myself, between the old way and the new way.”
+The result?
+“It was. . .I don’t want to say a disaster, but the (reactions) were all over the map,” he said. “They (USFS officials) know me, and they know there is a transition, and they trust my coaching team, but there are still expectations.
+“I had to accept it and forgive myself. I had to take a step back and say, ‘This is where I am right now.’”
+It is at moments like this that Brown has drawn strength from the determination of one of his new training partners, Olympic silver medalist and two-time world champion Yevgenia Medvedeva of Russia, also scheduled to make her Grand Prix season debut at Skate Canada. (NBC, Sunday, 4-6 EDT; complete coverage, NBC Sports Gold “Figure Skating Pass.”)
+Her summer transition from training in Moscow with the same Russian coach for 10 years to training in Toronto with Orser was far more emotionally and logistically complicated than his.
+Brown had helped Medvedeva, 18, with logistical matters like a ride from the airport and getting a phone and Internet and cable when she and her mother arrived in Toronto. She has helped him psychologically since.
+“Knowing what I’m going through and knowing someone that is going through it at a much higher level. . .when I feel like I’m having a difficult time with it, she has been such an inspiration in that sense,” Brown said. “She has more determination and grit than I ever have seen in a training mate. It blows me away.”
+Each endured a challenging, dream-destroying 2018 Olympic season on different levels. Medvedeva wound up with the disappointment of narrowly missing the gold medal she once had been heavily favored to win. Brown faced the nightmare of winding up on the sidelines after feeling certain he would make a second straight U.S. Olympic team, then all but giving away his spot with an error-riddled free skate at last year’s national championships.
+“For four years, I had expectations of making that Olympic team,” Brown said. “The nightmare is what happened. The way it happened was its own monster.”
+For those four years, Brown had measured himself only by results, and that became a self-defeating exercise, given the quad jump handicap he faced on the score sheets. For the rest of his career, he has vowed to judge himself more on intangibles like the simple pleasure of trying to improve in all areas of skating.
+“I don’t know if that’s maturity or the fact that my worst nightmare came true, and I’m living, and I’m happy,” Brown said. “For four years, all I tried to do was prove myself result-wise. Then you realize there is so much more to the journey.”
+At some point, nearly all skaters have the epiphany that little is to be gained by basing all their satisfaction in pursuing the sport on the largely subjective evaluations of judges.
+If the seeming bit of rationalization in that outlook was necessary for Brown to keep competing, so be it. At the same time, he can benefit from the sport having tried to re-balance the value of jumping vs. overall excellence beginning this season by lowering the values of the most difficult jumps, applying component score penalties for falls and expanding the grade of execution range from +3 / -3 to +5 / -5. That means, for example, a triple lutz jump with superior execution can be worth more than a flawed quad with a much higher base value, and more points are available for spins and footwork as excellent as Brown’s.
+“It’s not like, ‘You’ve got all this, now you have to get that,’” Tracy Wilson said, referring to quads. “It’s like, ‘This has to be celebrated,’ and we are working on that. With the +5 / -5, we have opportunities with his skating.
+“A person walking in off the street will be mesmerized by Jason’s skating. It does not go unnoticed. Greatness can’t be denied.”
+As he did at Autumn Classic, where he doubled his attempt at a quad salchow, Brown plans to include one quad, a salchow, in his Skate Canada free skate. Other parts of that long program to a Simon and Garfunkel medley have been tweaked, including the order of the jumps.
+“The biggest focus of this year is that as I get a handle on the technique and patterning of elements, we continue to add more transitions and make entries and exits of jumps more difficult,” Brown said. “So, through each event as I gain confidence, you will see changes to my program as we strive to get as many plus-5s as possible.”
+This season is just the start of a four-year project for Brown. Even so, Orser wants to see him back among the very elite of U.S. men’s skating.
+The U.S. has earned three men’s singles spots for the 2019 World Championships in Japan. Brown is a favorite of the passionate Japanese fans, to whom he has expressed gratitude by developing some facility with their language and posting occasionally in Japanese on social media.
+“I would like him to have a solid ‘You’re-going-to-worlds’ placement at his national championships,’” Orser said.
+After all, to stop the show on the biggest stages, you have to be in it.
+Philip Hersh, who has covered figure skating at the last 11 Winter Olympics, is a special contributor to NBCSports.com/figure-skating
+OlympicTalk is on Apple News. Favorite.
+MORE: Nathan Chen wins Skate America by largest margin in event history
+Epilady Face Epil Ep-803-17
+MSRP
+$24.95
+- ProsLight and compact design for the face.
+Cheap.
+Travel friendly.
+- Cons Painful.
+Burns through batteries quick.
+Difficult to pick up shorter and thicker coarse hair.
+Difficult to hold at the correct angle.
+Not waterproof.
+Not precise.
+- SummaryWhile the Epilady Epi Face’s price may be tempting, unless you have light facial hair, you should probably skip this for a better facial epilator that removes hair better.
+Even the smallest amount of facial hair can drive women crazy. As we age, our dancing hormones can cause unwanted facial hair to sprout just about anywhere on our face. Even younger women can have issues with facial hair. Most of us have no problem shaving our legs, but the face that is a whole other story. Waxing and threading work but can cost too much, be too harsh, or be too messy.
+With the Epilady Face Epil, Epilady hopes to have the answer to our problem. Epilady claims that the Epilady Face Epil is designed to handle the finest facial hair as well as coarse hair. This battery operated tool is supposed to work on the upper lip, chin, and cheeks, leaving you with minimum discomfort. You can also use it to for touchups around the bikini area, underarms, or inner knees. Does it live up to its promise? Find out in our in depth and hands on review.
+Note: The Epilady Face Epil has been redesigned from an earlier version. We are reviewing the latest version. The original version had problems with the on/off switch and sported a white case with red accents.
+What’s In The Box
+Inside the box, you get the epilator, the cleaning brush, and protective cap.
+Design
+The Epilady Face Epil looks a lot like a lipstick case, except it is a bit wider. The flowery print on the front, pearly plastic, and bright purple accents give it a very feminine-look that is designed to appeal to women.
+With its small diminutive size, it felt very lightweight, compact, and comfortable in my hand. It is small and handy enough to toss in a purse and take it on the go. The smaller size makes it easier to get to the tighter areas on the face. While its smaller size is great for the face, it is not really designed to cover larger areas of the body like the legs. While it is small, it isn’t small enough to be used anywhere near the eyebrows or eyes.
+It is completely cordless, but not rechargeable. It uses one AA battery which is not included. Like most facial epilators, the batteries must be changed frequently and don’t last very long. On the back of the epilator is the battery compartment. There is a little notch on the back that makes it easy to remove the lid. The instructions recommend taking out the battery if you don’t plan on using the epilator frequently to prevent the battery from leaking inside.
+At the top, there is a protection cap that covers the tweezer head. To remove the protection cap, you simply press the two purple tabs on the side to release the cap. Removing the cap exposes the 6 staggered tweezers in rows of 3 on round rollers. On the front of the device is the on/off button. In order to turn the epilator on, you have press the small safety switch on the on/off button sliding it upwards. The safety switch is a great idea. While vacationing, you don’t want the epilator accidentally going off, making vibrating noises. That could get a little embarrassing. When you turn on the epilator, the tweezers spin around really fast opening and closing, plucking the hair out.
+After you are done epilating, it is easy to clean accumulated hair with the included cleaning brush.
+Preparing The Face
+Claudia Pierre of the Absolute Body and Spa in Orlando recommends exfoliating the skin the day before removing hair at the root. One day before testing this Epilady facial epilator, I gently exfoliated my skin to remove any dead skin on my face. I find this helps the tweezers pluck the hair more cleanly. The instructions say that you should use the epilator on a completely clean face free of makeup, creams, and lotions. I took a warm shower to soften my skin as epilating works best on skin that has been washed and completely dry -free from moisturizer and other facial products.
+Any time you remove hair on the face from the root, you have a chance of a breakout. According to Braxton Dutton, a massage therapist, “Many spas and estheticians use Witch Hazel astringent as part of their facial process. “ I like to apply a little witch hazel on my face as it is a natural anti-stringent that helps prevent breakouts. I do this before and after epilating. It works a lot like a men’s after shave. I also dipped the cleaning brush in rubbing alcohol to lightly brush the tweezers to sterilize them. If you are using rubbing alcohol on the discs be careful not to get it on the plastic as it could cause discoloration. After everything was dried, I was ready to epilate.
+Epilating With The Epilady Face Epil
+Compared to our best rated facial epilator, while the Epilady Face Epil seemed to pick up most fine hair, it had trouble with courser and shorter hair, leaving most of them intact. I went over this type of hair with many repeated and unsuccessful attempts.
+When I turned on the Epilady Face Epil, it sprang to life buzzing at around 69 dB. This was one of the loudest facial epilators we tested. Like all loud epilators, the first thought that pops into your head is, “This is going to hurt so bad.” I find that it helps to just place the epilator on your hand or any place with no hair to work up the courage to use it on your face. It won’t hurt where there is no hair.
+The Epilady Face Epil is designed to work on the cheeks, upper lip, and chin. It should never be used around the eyes or eyebrows as it is not a very accurate plucking device. I first tried the epilator on my cheeks. To epilate properly, you really have to stretch the skin in the area you are removing hair.
+Since hair grows in many directions on the face, I found that it works best when you make small circles against the direction of hair growth. The circles should barely skim the surface of the skin, not rub firmly against the surface of the skin. I found that you have to make circles in the same area again and again before an acceptable amount of hair is removed. The slower you go the better it works. You can also gently guide the epilator in the opposite direction of hair growth with the on button facing in the opposite direction of the growth. For most of the face this is upward. If you don’t remove a hair, you can make a repeated pass later. With stubborn hair, don’t hold the epilator in one place for too long as it could heat up or chafe the skin.
+I know it can be tempting to press down on the epilator to get closer to the hair, but please don’t do this. This is not like a shaver. You should never press down on the epilator as this will cause the tweezers to slow down, stop rotating, or pinch the skin. You never want to hear the motor stressing. When you push down so hard on the epilator, there is no room to pluck out the hair as the hairs are pushed flatly against the skin.
+Whether the Epilady works or not will largely depend on how much hair you have and how thick your hair is. While it took several passes over the same area, I found that it managed to pick up most of the fine hair on my cheeks.
+While Epilady claims that this epilator removes even the shortest and finer hairs, the shorter and very fine hairs were often left behind. A closer look at the tweezers revealed that the tweezers were either too far away from the hair to actually pluck them or failed to grasp them. Light peach fuzz or really fine hair can be difficult to remove with this facial epilator.
+While it somewhat works for the upper lip, it can be difficult to navigate. It is hard to get all the hairs. For the most part, it seems to remove little blond hair on the chin and upper lip. For thicker course hair on the chin, most of the time, the hair would slip right through the tweezers. Occasionally, it would pluck a thicker hair but it felt like a lot of trial and error. Compared to other facial epilators, it doesn’t seem to remove as much hair. You will need to touch up a lot of the hair that is missed with a tweezer.
+I didn’t find the size or power adequate enough to use on the underarms or bikini area unless you have very light hair. The larger rechargeable epilators work so much better. While it works similarly to the Emjoi Epi Slim, it is not as fast or as powerful as the Emjoi Slim.
+One of the biggest problems I had with this epilator is that the plucking area is not located directly at the top of the epilator. This means that in order to get the best results you have to hold the epilator at a slight angle away from the perpendicular. I found an angle a little less than 90 degrees worked best. The trouble is that there is no guide to help you keep it at the correct angle. If you hold the epilator incorrectly, there is a tendency for the epilator to break the hair instead of pluck it.
+Does It Hurt
+Removing facial hair is always painful. After all, you are pulling out the hair at the root. Although this epilator is specifically made for the face, I didn’t find it to be more sensitive than the larger epilators. In certain areas of the face the pain can be intense. The upper lip area near the mustache hurts like crazy. For the rest of the face, the pain is manageable. The fine little hairs don’t hurt much.
+After epilating, it is normal to feel a little tenderness or redness, but this should dissipate in a short period of time. It is best to epilate in the evening and not before you are going out. Resist applying any facial products for at least an hour after you epilate to avoid clogging and irritating your hair shafts.
+Whenever you epilate, there is chance of getting ingrown hair that doesn’t break the skin surface. The old skin grows on top of the part where the hair has been pulled. Then when the hair grows back it gets caught under the skin. That’s how you get an ingrown hair or a bump. It is so important that you physically exfoliate your face every day after removing hair. I also like to apply a chemical exfoliant like Bliss pads because they are super easy to apply on the face.
+What Others Are Saying
+A few beauty bloggers have rated the Emjoi Epi Face fairly well.
+Nicole Fierro, a Skin Care Therapist, said “It’s not so good for large areas of the body, but does work great on facial hair or for touch-ups on the bikini line.” She rated it 4 stars out of 5.
+Alison Blackman, a beauty and fashion expert, who admits she doesn’t have much hair on her face said “it’s a great choice at an affordable price.” She seconded the opinion, rating it a 4 stars out of 5.
+On Amazon, the reviews are mixed. It has only a 3.1 average with just about the same number of 5 stars to 1 star reviews. Women with finer hair thought it worked great, but women with coarser hair said it barely works. A few users who rated it low pointed out that it slows down when pressed against the skin, but this is the incorrect way to use it.
+Wrap Up
+$25 for a facial epilator is a very good value, especially for an epilator that promises to remove both fine and course hair on the chin, cheeks, and upper lip. While the Epilady Face Epil works on most fine hair, it has trouble grabbing shorter and thicker hair, leaving you with a lot of extra stragglers to pluck. On the plus side, it did remove more hair than the Epilady Esthetic facial epilator. Unfortunately, there are plenty of better alternatives in this price range.
+The Emjoi Epi Slim has a bit more tweezers and removes a lot more hair than the Epilady Face Epil. In addition, the similarly priced Bellabe Facial Hair Remover, while not as fast, gives you a better more complete finish. As it stands, even at a low price point, we don’t think the Epilady Ep-803-17 Face Epil is worth your money, unless you have very light facial hair.
+Sunrun Reports Second Quarter 2021 Financial Results
+Customer Additions of 26,110 in Q2, Bringing Total Customers to 599,743, 19% year-over-year growth in Customers pro-forma for Vivint Solar
+Increasing Full-Year Growth Guidance to 30%
+Customer orders accelerated in Q2, increasing more than 25% quarter-over-quarter
+Annual Recurring Revenue of $747 Million with Average Contract Life Remaining of 17 years
+Net Earning Assets of $4.5 billion, including $858 million in Total Cash
+Networked Solar Energy Capacity of 4.2 Gigawatts
+SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 05, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Sunrun (Nasdaq: RUN), the nation’s leading provider of residential solar, storage and energy services, today announced financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2021.
+“Consumers are seeking clean, affordable, resilient energy sources now more than ever. This quarter sales volumes accelerated to new records and we delivered record installations in both our direct and channel businesses. We are meeting this need while investing in our differentiated service offering, including virtual power plants and integration with electric vehicles,” said Lynn Jurich, Sunrun’s Chief Executive Officer and co-founder. “Our incredible team is tackling climate change while building a stronger, more resilient grid that puts customers at the center.”
+“We remain on track to deliver a break-out year and are increasing our full-year growth guidance to 30%,” said Tom vonReichbauer, Sunrun’s Chief Financial Officer. “Given the advantages of our broad-reach and multi-channel strategy, our team is capturing the accelerating consumer interest, while executing the ongoing integration of Vivint Solar and navigating a dynamic supply chain environment.”
+Growth & Market Leadership
+The growth opportunity for the solar industry is massive. Today, only 3.5% of the 77 million addressable homes in the US have solar. The US:
+- In 2021 Sunrun now expects to accelerate its growth rate to 30%, an increase from the prior guidance of 25% to 30%. This growth is from a baseline scale that’s already twice the next competitor. Sunrun’s expanding customer value proposition, growing brand strength, differentiated talent brand and increasing competitive advantages are delivering share gains.
+- Severe weather caused by climate change continues to uncover vulnerabilities with the electric grid’s aging infrastructure, leaving millions of people without power. Sunrun has now installed over 23,000 solar and battery systems nationwide, which offer homeowners the ability to power through multi-day outages with clean and reliable home energy. Solar and battery systems also optimize when power is purchased or supplied to the grid, helping manage constraints on the grid during peak times. Installation volumes and attachment rates of batteries have increased again in Q2 to a record level. We continue to expect battery installations to increase more than 100% in 2021 compared to the prior year.
+- We are delivering increased value to channel partners from our platform. This quarter we set another all-time record in volume in our channel business. Sunrun grew the selective group of partners we work with by over 15% in Q2 compared to the prior quarter. Nearly all of the new partners have agreed to exclusive agreements to sell Sunrun’s solar service offering.
+- Sunrun’s new homes business continues to gain momentum and scale, with additional home builders selecting Sunrun as their preferred partner during the second quarter. Our pipeline of new homes continues to expand, spanning hundreds of communities which have been awarded or are already under construction. We grew this segment by more than 75% in the second quarter compared to the prior year, pro-forma for Vivint Solar, and are now working with over 20 of the top 30 homebuilders in California. Sunrun has increased its market share in this segment from less than 5% two years ago to well above 20% today.
+- Legislators are recognizing that to decarbonize the economy, we must transition more household energy consumption to electricity. In July, Senator Heinrich introduced the Zero-Emission Homes Act which seeks to make household electrification easy and affordable through rebates of up to $10,000 per household for modern, zero emission electric appliances. Efforts to accelerate electrification turbocharge the fight against climate change while also helping to create millions of good-paying jobs across the country. Further home electrification has positive flywheel effects for Sunrun’s business, expanding our TAM, increasing the size of home solar and battery systems, and increasing the value of a managed portfolio of distributed energy assets.
+- Policy makers also remain focused on extending renewable energy incentives as they recognize the importance of investing in clean energy as a way to address climate change, create jobs and improve the resilience of our energy infrastructure. Following the two-year extension of the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) in December 2020, President Biden has proposed a 10-year extension of the ITC, expected to be included in the budget reconciliation package later this year. The ITC has a proven track record of bipartisan support given the economic and environmental benefits.. These efforts will increase Sunrun’s share of the home energy wallet and enhance our value to customers. The following recent developments highlight our innovation and increasing differentiation:
+- Homes with electric vehicles consume approximately double the amount of electricity. Home solar and batteries are needed to meet this increased strain on the electric system and Sunrun is well positioned to be the provider of these services given our expertise managing and installing at-home energy infrastructure, our national footprint, and reputation as a trusted provider of clean energy services. We continue to innovate and set the stage for increased customer value and electricity usage by building larger systems and offering additional services. In May we announced a partnership with Ford to be the preferred installer for Ford Intelligent Backup Power, Ford’s Charge Station and home integration system, debuting with the all-electric F-150 Lightning. Sunrun co-developed the bi-directional inverter technology with Ford that can dispatch power back to the home, and Sunrun has been selected to distribute and install this technology. The F-150 Lightning can serve as a reliable home backup energy source by dispatching power to the home during a power outage event. Through this partnership, customers will also be provided with the opportunity to install a Sunrun solar and battery system on their home, enabling them to power their household with clean, affordable energy and charge their F-150 Lightning with the power of the sun.
+- Our business development and policy teams are actively educating more utilities and grid operators on the valuable services.
+- In July, under a program approved by the Hawaii Public Utilities Commission, Hawaiian Electric launched an incentive for homeowners to expand their solar systems and add a battery, or simply to add a battery to an existing solar system. The program aims to procure 50 MWs of capacity to meet the void left by a retiring fossil fuel power plant, further recognizing that distributed solar and batteries are a valuable resource to the grid. The Hawaii Commission is encouraging customers to install batteries so as to keep their own lights on, as well as prevent system-wide blackouts. This is just one more instance proving that clean, distributed energy resources can and should replace fossil fuel power across the United States.
+- Government leaders and agencies are focusing on ways to accelerate solar adoption by streamlining permitting and interconnection processes. Permitting and interconnection delays can stall residential solar projects by 3 to 6 months and add thousands of dollars of costs to each project. Sunrun has been an early collaborator and champion in helping develop an industry-wide web-based solar permitting tool called SolarAPP. Today, over 30% of our volume is located in areas where local building departments are evaluating SolarAPP or have already adopted online and instantaneous permitting, including testing in parts of Arizona, California, Maryland, Texas and South Carolina. Early results from jurisdictions that have adopted SolarAPP have seen more than a 50% reduction in the time spent to review solar permit applications. In July, the Department of Energy Secretary Granhom stressed the importance of SolarAPP. Funding to accelerate development and adoption was recently included in the latest State of California budget in addition to the recent federal appropriations bill.:
+- Sunrun’s scale and market leadership continues to attract the best talent in the industry. Sunrun has grown its workforce by more than 25% since the beginning of the year, creating well-paying jobs in hundreds of communities across the country, and setting the foundation for accelerated growth.
+- We remain committed to building a differentiated talent brand. We continue to invest in our people and have expanded the Sunrun Academy efforts to increase career advancement opportunities. As part of this initiative, Sunrun launched a program to further the development of our people whereby all employees have access to an expanded tuition reimbursement program to build skills needed for their career. This program will help us train the next leaders, especially with critical in-demand skills like electrical work. In Q2 we expanded our partnerships with the Department of Defense’s SkillBridge program to provide opportunities for servicemen and women returning from active duty while also establishing a new relationship with the Home Builders Institute to provide industry career pathways to transitioning service members.
+- In April, Sunrun unveiled sustainability goals in its fourth annual Impact Report. These goals include offsetting more than 600 million metric tons of carbon emissions from the systems we will deploy over the next decade. We also set a goal to achieve net zero carbon emissions from our operations by 2040, to transition our vehicle fleet to one third electric or hybrid within five years, and to deploy at least 500 megawatts of solar to lower-income people across the country by 2030.
+- The solar systems we deployed in Q2 are expected to prevent the emission of 4.1 million metric tons of CO2 over the next thirty years. Over the last twelve months, Sunrun’s systems are estimated to have offset more than 2.5 million metric tons of CO2.
+Key Operating Metrics
+In the second quarter of 2021, Customer Additions were 26,110, including 21,894 Subscriber Additions. As of June 30, 2021, Sunrun had 599,743 Customers, including 520,891 Subscribers.
+Annual Recurring Revenue from Subscribers was $747 million as of June 30, 2021. The Average Contract Life Remaining of Subscribers was 17.2 years as of June 30, 2021.
+Subscriber Value was $34,519 in the second quarter of 2021 while Creation Cost was $28,945. Net Subscriber Value was $5,574 in the second quarter of 2021. Net Subscriber Margin was lower than in prior periods given our accelerating sales activities and the upfront timing of cost recognition, as many costs are incurred ahead of installation volume recognition. The company estimates that Net Subscriber Margin would be $8,039 pro-forma for adjusting for these growth-related timing effects.
+Total Value Generated was $122 million in the second quarter of 2021.
+Gross Earning Assets as of June 30, 2021 were $8.6 billion. Net Earning Assets were $4.5 billion, which includes $858 million in total cash, as of June 30, 2021.
+Solar Energy Capacity Installed was 185.6 Megawatts in the second quarter of 2021. Solar Energy Capacity Installed for Subscribers was 157.1 Megawatts in the second quarter of 2021.
+Networked Solar Energy Capacity was 4,238 Megawatts as of June 30, 2021. Networked Solar Energy Capacity for Subscribers was 3,708 Megawatts as of June 30, 2021.
+Outlook
+Management now expects Solar Energy Capacity Installed growth to be 30% for the full-year 2021, pro-forma for Vivint Solar, an increase from the prior guidance range of 25% to 30% growth.
+Total Value Generated is now expected to be in a range of $700-750 million for the full-year 2021, which has been adjusted primarily because of the effects of accelerating growth and timing of cost recognition.
+Management continues to expect cost synergies derived from the acquisition of Vivint Solar to be approximately $120 million in run-rate synergies by the end of 2021.
+Second Quarter 2021 GAAP Results
+Total revenue was $401.2 million in the second quarter of 2021, up $219.9 million, or 121%, from the second quarter of 2020. Customer agreements and incentives revenue was $219.5 million, an increase of $113.4 million, or 107%, compared to the second quarter of 2020. Solar energy systems and product sales revenue was $181.7 million, an increase of $106.5 million, or 142%, compared to the second quarter of 2020.
+Total cost of revenue was $328.9 million, an increase of 124% year-over-year. Total operating expenses were $542.9 million, an increase of 105% year-over-year.
+Included in operating costs for the second quarter of 2021 were $12.4 million of non-recurring expenses, including $9.1 million in expenses related to litigation along with $3.4 million in restructuring costs related to the acquisition of Vivint Solar. Operating costs also include stock-based compensation expenses of $43.5 million in the second $41.2 million, or $0.20 per share, in the second quarter of 2021.
+Financing Activities
+As of August 5, 2021, closed transactions and executed term sheets provide us expected tax equity and project debt capacity to fund over 430 megawatts of Solar Energy Capacity Installed for Subscribers beyond what was deployed through the end of the second quarter of 2021.
+Leadership Changes
+In a separate press release issued today, Sunrun announced that Co-Founder and CEO Lynn Jurich will transition to Executive Co-Chair of the Board, joining Edward Fenster; Mary Powell, a current Sunrun Director and former President and CEO of Green Mountain Power, will become the Company’s next CEO, effective August 31, 2021. The press release and additional information is available on the Company’s investor relations website at investors.sunrun.com.
+Conference Call Information
+Sunrun is hosting a conference call for analysts and investors to discuss its second quarter 2021 results and business outlook at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time today, August 5, 2021. (international). impact of COVID-19 on the Company and its business and operations; the Company’s leadership team; the Company’s financial and operating guidance and expectations; the Company’s business plan, market leadership, competitive advantages, operational and financial results and metrics (and the assumptions related to the calculation of such metrics); the Company’s momentum in the company’s business strategies, expectations regarding market share, customer value proposition, market penetration, financing activities, financing capacity, product mix, and ability to manage cash flow and liquidity; the growth of the solar industry; the Company’s ability to manage supply chains and workforce; factors outside of the Company’s control such as macroeconomic trends, public health emergencies, natural disasters, and the impacts of climate change; the legislative and regulatory environment of the solar industry; and expectations regarding the Company’s storage and energy services businesses, the Company’s acquisition of Vivint Solar (including cost synergies), the Company’s partnership with Ford, anticipated emissions reductions due to utilization of the Company’s solar systems, on the Company and its business and operations; the successful integration of Vivint Solar; the Company’s leadership team and ability to retract and retain key employees; the availability of additional financing on acceptable terms; changes in the retail prices of traditional utility generated electricity;, batteries, and other components and raw materials; the Company’s ability to attract and retain the Company’s relationships with third parties, including the Company’s solar partners; the Company’s continued ability to manage costs associated with solar service offerings; the Company’s business plan and the Company’s ability to effectively manage the Company’s growth and labor constraints; the Company’s ability to meet the covenants in the Company’s investment funds and debt facilities; factors impacting the solar industry generally, an
+Released August 5, 2021
+Abstract
+CT.
+Introduction
+Cancer immunotherapy relies on the induction of effector T cells to mediate tumor regression. Activation of these T cells requires recognition of specific Ags in concert with costimulatory signals from the CD28 receptor on T cells. CD28, which is constitutively expressed on T cells, binds to the CD80 and CD86 molecules present on the cell surface of APCs and delivers signals required by naive T cells to become activated and proliferate (1). Once activated, these T cells transiently upregulate the of CTLA-4 with anti–CTLA-4 Abs enhances effector T cell responses and can induce T cell-mediated rejection of certain tumors in mouse models (3). Anti–CTLA-4 Ab treatment possesses anti-tumor activity in cancer patients with different tumor types (4) and is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drug shown to improve survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. Clinical trials in many other cancers are under way including two phase III trials in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (; identifiers NCT00861614 and NCT01057810).
+CTLA-4 blockade has been shown to induce T cell and humoral immunity to Ags in mice that are vaccinated with defined antigenic peptides (5) or whole-cell tumor vaccines (6). In cancer patients, CTLA-4 blockade can induce Abs to the cancer-testis Ag, NY-ESO-1 (7), but these responses are not tightly associated with clinical responses for prostate cancer (8) and therefore may not mediate the anti-tumor effects seen. CTLA-4 blockade can also induce Abs to MHC class I chain-related protein A in melanoma patients vaccinated with irradiated, autologous tumor cells transduced to express GM-CSF (9). GM-CSF is a cytokine that regulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (10, 11) and that has been shown to synergize with CTLA-4 in preclinical and clinical trials (12). CTLA-4 blockade can also induce significant clinical responses without a concomitant vaccine. This treatment presumably potentiates an adaptive immune response to the endogenous tumor Ags, but the immunologic targets that mediate anti-tumor activity are largely unknown.
+We performed a phase I trial where a combination of anti–CTLA-4 Ab (ipilimumab; Bristol-Myers Squibb) and GM-CSF (sargramostim; Sanofi) was administered to patients with metastatic CRPC who had not received any prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy. We found that this treatment induced clinical responses at or above a dose threshold of 3 mg/kg anti–CTLA-4 (8). At dose levels of 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg anti–CTLA-4, 5 of 11 evaluable patients had a prostate-specific Ag (PSA) response to the treatment, defined by a serum PSA level decline of 50% or greater from the highest PSA level. On the basis of this criterion, we could separate the study subjects into clinical responders (patients 19, 20, 24, 33, 36) and nonresponders (patients 21, 22, 23, 28, 34, 35; Fig. 1A). As these patients did not receive cancer vaccines as part of their treatment, this clinical study provides an opportunity to determine the endogenous Ags against which immune responses are induced with immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy. High-density human protein arrays were used to profile the Ag-specific immune responses in these prostate cancer patients receiving anti–CTLA-4 Ab and GM-CSF. We find that clinical responders develop Ag-specific immune responses distinct from clinical nonresponders. We also demonstrate that an identified shared autoantigen can also serve as a novel tumor-associated Ag.
+Materials and Methods
+Clinical trial
+A phase I/II trial combined escalating doses of anti–CTLA-4 Ab (ipilimumab; Bristol-My Abs at the specified doses. These doses were given in 4-wk cycles with GM-CSF administered daily on the first 14 d of these cycles. Cycles of GM-CSF treatment could continue until disease progression or toxicity. The characteristics of patients are summarized in Supplemental Table I. Sera and cryopreserved PBMCs from study subjects who received ipilimumab at the 3 mg/kg (n = 6) and 10 mg/kg (n = 6) doses were used in this study. A sixth patient in the 10 mg/kg cohort discontinued the study after 2 mo due to disease progression, so posttreatment samples were not available in that patient. Informed consent was obtained for investigations on humans.
+IgG profiling with high-density protein microarrays
+Sera from pretreatment and from posttreatment (month 6) were diluted 1:500 in probing buffer and used to blot protein arrays (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Abs bound to the spotted proteins were detected by using anti-human IgG conjugated to Alexa Fluor 647 (Invitrogen), and fluorescence was acquired with a GenePix fluorescence microarray axon scanner (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA).
+Statistical analysis
+Preprocessing.
+The data were transformed into log2 intensity values. Spots whose log2 intensity values were below array-specific low-intensity cutoffs. All protein array data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus database under accession number GSE39688 () and is MIAME compliant.
+Unsupervised clustering of protein arrays.
+Cluster and Treeview software (13) were used for unsupervised clustering of the data with Pearson correlation and complete linkage.
+For each array, an Ag was identified as being detected if its value was above the median. To determine the number of up- and downmodulated Abs, the difference in log2 intensity values of pretreatment and posttreatment samples were taken for each patient to identify Ags that are detected differentially due to treatment. Number of Abs with at least 2- or 4-fold difference {difference in log2 intensity values = ±1 or ±2} between pretreatment and posttreatment samples was compared between responders and nonresponders by performing two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test and using the 5% level of significance.
+To determine the number of upmodulated Abs that have preexisting levels or not in the pretreatment serum, normal mixture modeling with estimation-maximization (EM) as implemented in the mclust package in R (14) was applied to the raw intensities for each pretreatment and posttreatment array to identify the boundary between non-preexisting and preexisting (Supplemental Fig. 1A, 1B). Normal mixture modeling assumes that the data consist of two or more subsets that have different distributions (normal distributions with different parameters) and tries to identify the distributions and hence the Abs that belong to those distributions by using the EM algorithm. The raw intensities were subjected to preprocessing as before, and all log2 values were centered to the boundary, and values below the boundary were set to zero. The number of Abs upmodulated by 2- or 4-fold in the posttreatment serum that were preexisting in the pretreatment serum was compared with the number of similarly upmodulated Abs that were non-preexisting in the pretreatment serum for each patient. Fisher exact tests were performed for each patient, and the p values were adjusted for multiple comparisons by Bonferroni method. An adjusted p value cutoff of 0.05 was used to determine significance. Odds ratios were estimated from conditional maximum likelihood estimates. Multiplicative Poisson regression model with the number of Abs upmodulated as the dependent variable and clinical response status and pretreatment preexisting or not status as dependent variables were fitted to see if there was any interaction between clinical response and pretreatment Abs.
+All statistical analyses were performed by using R/Bioconductor software (14, 15) unless otherwise mentioned.
+Intracellular cytokine staining
+PBMCs were incubated with media alone (IMDM, 5% human sera, 2 mM l
+Western blotting and immunohistochemistry
+Cell lines were lysed in lysis buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, washed in distilled water and in PBS with 0.05% Tween 20, and incubated in 3% H2O2 in PBS for 15 min. Slides were first blocked with normal goat serum (S-1000; Vector Labs) diluted 1:10 and incubated with the primary staining Abs [rabbit anti-human PAK6, 1 μg/μl (Novus Biologicals), or normal rabbit IgG control, 1 μg/μl (Dako)] at 1:200 dilutions overnight at 4°C. The slides were next incubated with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit (1.5 μg/μl, BA-1000; Vector Labs) at 1:200 dilutions, ABC–HRP (PK-6100 Vectastain ABC kit; Vector Labs) at 1:100 dilutions, and with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (D5905; Sigma) for 5 min at room temperature. Images were obtained with an Olympus microscope (BX41) with attachment (U-DO3) and camera (Micropublisher 5.0). The objective lens used was ×20/0.4 Plan, and the resulting magnification was ×200. The acquisition software used was QCapture.
+T cell proliferation assay
+C57BL/6 and FVB mice were immunized twice with CFA plus PBS or CFA plus PAK6 protein (100 mg/mouse) (three mice in each immunized group) 14 d apart. After an additional 14 d, the mice were sacrificed, and sera and cells from the inguinal draining lymph nodes were obtained. Lymphocytes derived from draining lymph nodes were cocultured in triplicate at 3 × 105 cells/well with media alone (RPMI 1640, 10% FBS, 2 mM l-glutamine, 25 mM HEPES, 0.1 mM nonessential amino acids, 100 U/ml penicillin and 0.1 mg/ml streptomycin) (negative control), or with 0.5 μg/ml, 2.5 μg/ml, or 5 μg/ml baculoviral purified PAK6 or CAMK2N1 proteins, or with 5 ng/ml Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (Sigma) (positive control) for 4 d at 37°C. Cells were pulsed with 1 mCi/well [3H]thymidine (16), harvested after 24 h, and DNA was collected onto a membrane filter. Radioactive counts per minute were determined with a MicroBeta counter (PerkinEl.
+ELISPOT assay
+PBMCs (2 × 105) from spleen cells of immunized mice as described for the proliferation assay were plated in media per well in triplicate in MultiScreen filter plates (Millipore) coated with 1 μg/ml capture anti-human IFN-γ Abs in PBS and previously blocked with media. Cells were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Plates were washed with PBS, incubated overnight with 1 μg/ml of detection anti-human IFN-γ biotin-conjugated Abs in PBS, and detected with streptavidin–HRP and AEC substrate (BD Biosciences). Assays were performed in triplicate wells.
+Tumor challenge
+C57BL/6 and FVB mice (five mice in each group) were immunized with CFA plus PBS and CFA plus PAK6 (100 mg) twice, 14 d apart. Then, 2 × 105 Tramp cells for C57BL/6 or 2 × 105 Myc-Cap cells for FVB mice were injected s.c. into their flank 14 d after the last immunization. Tumor growth was monitored three times a week. Per institutional protocol, mice were euthanized when the tumor size reached 2 cm in maximal dimension.
+Results
+Modulation of autoantibody responses with CTLA-4 blockade-based treatment
+Subjects were classified as clinical responders or nonresponders by whether the individual experienced a 50% or greater decline in his serum PSA levels (Supplemental Table II). Clinical responders had stable bone scans on treatment, and one of the clinical responders had regression of liver metastasis (8). The median time to PSA level progression in clinical responders was 416 d (range, 336–2000-plus d) compared with 103 d (range, 73–176 d) in the nonresponders. Pretreatment and posttreatment sera of the treated study subjects were used to screen for IgG Abs that bind to high-density protein arrays containing 8274 unique recombinant human proteins that were spotted in duplicate on glass slides. These protein arrays have been validated for detecting Abs to known and potentially novel tumor-associated Ags (17). We observed that anti–CTLA-4 and GM-CSF treatment modulate Ab responses to a variety of different autoantigens. Ab responses to specific Ags are both up- and downmodulated after treatment. The intensity values were quantile normalized, log2 transformed, and centered with respect to the global median. Scatterplots of the fluorescence intensities were analyzed comparing pretreatment to posttreatment levels for each patient (Fig. 1B, 1C). Upmodulated and downmodulated Ab responses between pretreatment and posttreatment Ab intensities were compared between responders and nonresponders. Clinical responders have a higher frequency of 4-fold upmodulated Abs with treatment compared with the nonresponders (two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test, p < 0.05), whereas there is no significant difference in downmodulated Abs between the two groups (Fig. 1D).
+Immunogenicity and anti-tumor activity of PAK6 immunization. (A) Western blots carried out with sera from C57BL/6 and FVB mice immunized twice with PBS plus CFA or with human PAK6 plus CFA (three mice/group). (B) Proliferation assays carried out with inguinal lymph node cells pooled from immunized C57BL/6 and FVB mice incubated with media alone or with the protein as shown. Concentrations are in micrograms per milliliter. Proliferation was measured as radioactive counts per minute of [3H]thymidine incorporation. Error bars denote ±SDs of triplicate wells. (C) Kaplan–Meier survival curve of tumor challenge for C57BL/6 and FVB mice immunized twice with PBS plus CFA or human PAK6 plus CFA (five mice/group) and challenged 14 d later with Tramp cells. Tumors were measured three times a week, and mice were sacrificed when the tumor size reached 2 cm per institutional guidelines. The p values were calculated by using the log-rank test (SPSS; IBM). *p ≤ 0.05.
+To assess whether inducing an immune response to PAK6 can lead to anti-tumor activity, we again immunized mice with either PBS or PAK6 protein and then challenged these mice with syngeneic prostate cancer cell lines. Fourteen days after the second immunization, treated C57BL/6 mice were challenged with 2 × 105 Tramp mouse prostate cancer cells (22), and treated FVB mice were injected with 2 ×.
+Discussion
+CTLA-4 blockade is currently being evaluated clinically in many different solid and hematologic malignancies. Treatment with anti–CTLA-4 Abs presumably potentiates immunosurveillance to endogenous tumor Ags by relieving a crucial immune checkpoint. However, the specific endogenous Ag response has been difficult to define, particularly in the absence of a coadministered vaccine where the vaccine Ags may be known. Nevertheless CTLA-4 blockade can induce clinical responses in the absence of a vaccine. None of our patients received an administered tumor vaccine as part of their treatment, so their clinical effects must be dependent on endogenous Ags. By using protein microarrays representing approximately one-third of the human proteome, we were able to profile the Ab responses induced with treatment to a broad spectrum of autoantigens. Moreover, a significant proportion of patients clinically responded to our treatment allowing us to examine whether Ag-specific responses could distinguish the clinical responders from nonresponders.
+Based on these Ab responses, clinical responders developed a broader immune response as seen by the induced Abs to a greater number of endogenous Ags compared with the nonresponders. This difference was observed at 4-fold but not at 2-fold upmodulation of Abs indicating that the induced responses were also at higher intensities for the responders compared with the nonresponders. The modulated Ab responses were quite diverse, and there was very little overlap between the Ags identified in responders versus the nonresponders. These results show that patients who can clinically respond to treatment may also be immunologically distinct from nonresponders Ags are unique for each patient, which could also reflect the diversity of their T and B cell repertoires and/or the heterogeneity of Ags expressed in prostate tumors. Although common pathways could be affected in cancer, different genetic alterations are observed in cancer patients (24, 25), which can give rise to an individualized antigenic milieu. Therefore, by modulating the immune system to recognize patient-specific endogenous Ags, CTLA-4 blockade could represent a form of personalized immunotherapy.
+Another unresolved question regarding the treatment’s mechanism of action is whether CTLA-4 blockade enhances preexisting immune responses or whether the treatment potentiates de novo Ag-specific responses. In all of our patients, we did not see any modulation of Ab responses to the control Ag Influenza A H3N2, supporting the notion that the treatment-induced modulation of Abs reflects the Ag milieu in the host. Ab responses were in fact induced to Ags both with and without detectable preexisting Abs prior to treatment. This is exemplified with PAK6, to which patient 19 had low levels of Ab prior to treatment, whereas patient 20 had undetectable levels prior to treatment. Notably, clinical responders were more likely than nonresponders to generate Abs against Ags to which preexisting Abs could be detected. These results suggest that induction of preexisting rather than de novo (non-preexisting) immune responses may be important in generating anti-tumor activity in CTLA-4 blockade therapy. With one of the clinical responders (patient 19), detectable preexisting IgG to PAK6 could be detected, but no T cell response to PAK6 could be detected at baseline. After Ags.
+Abs that were downmodulated were also detected in CTLA-4 blockade therapy. However, the number of downmodulated Abs between the responders and nonresponders were not significantly different. Total levels of IgG were not significantly changed with treatment, so these changes could not be due to dilution. However, the mechanism for downmodulation of Abs by CTLA-4 blockade is unclear at present.
+Most of the Ags with induced autoantibodies after treatment were intracellular proteins. Presumably, immune responses could have been initiated to these Ags as they are released from dying cells, especially as tumor cells have a propensity for increased cell turnover as well as for apoptosis and necrosis (26). All of our patients received and clinically progressed on androgen deprivation therapy, which would have also induced cancer cell death and release of Ags. However, there may be insufficient danger signals to drive an effective immune response in the absence of CTLA-4 blockade. The Ag that we focused upon, PAK6, could be considered a novel tumor-associated Ag. PAK6 is expressed in prostate cancer and is known to cotranslocate into the nucleus with androgen receptor in response to androgen and inhibits the transcriptional activity of androgen receptor treatment blood of the clinical responders who have induced Ab responses to this Ag. The reactive T cells of the patients produced IFN-γ to PAK6 that was consistent with a Th1 response and were of a magnitude beyond what has been spontaneously detected with previously described prostate-associated Ags (27).
+Whether these autoantigens represent immune targets that can mediate anti-tumor immunity or represent bystander Ags resulting from tumor cell death in humans remains a critical question. Nevertheless, we found that PAK6 immunization can lead to tumor protection in both the Myc-Cap and Tramp transplantable models of prostate cancer, indicating that inducing immunity to such a self-protein can in fact lead to anti-tumor responses. However, the protection afforded by PAK6 immunization was not complete, suggesting that immune recognition of other Ags can also contribute to anti-tumor responses. Knockdown of Pak6 with small interfering RNA has been shown to inhibit prostate cancer growth in nude mice (28) and increase radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cell lines (29), further supporting PAK6 as a viable target for cancer therapy.
+Although our patient cohort is relatively small, the number of clinical responses we observed provided a unique opportunity to characterize how the breadth of the Ag immune response induced by treatment is associated with clinical outcome. Our results with PAK6 represent only one of the Ags that we have identified with our approach. Nevertheless, immune responses to more than one cancer Ag will likely be required for maximal efficacy. As more treated patients are analyzed with this Ab profiling, other novel Ags will undoubtedly be identified including additional shared targets. Moreover, this approach may provide us with an immunologic perspective into not only molecular aberrations in these tumors but also the heterogeneity of these alterations between patients. Alternatively, patients who developed treatment-induced immune-related adverse events may also provide unique opportunities perhaps to multitargeted vaccines, which could direct the immune response more specifically to the tumor, thus increasing the therapeutic efficacy and perhaps reducing the frequency of immune-mediated side effects seen with immunotherapy.
+Disclosures
+The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.
+Acknowledgments
+We acknowledge the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Tissue Core for sectioning, Loretta Chan of the UCSF Mt. Zion Immunohistochemistry Core Laboratory for immunohistochemistry staining, Vivian Huey from the UCSF Department of Hematology/Oncology for obtaining patients’ tissue samples, and Vivian Weinberg from the UCSF Biostatistics and Computational Biology Core Facility for assistance.
+Footnotes
+This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (R01-CA136753 to V.D. and L.F. and R01-CA163012 to L.F.), the Peter Michael Foundation (to S.S.K.), the University of California San Francisco Prostate Cancer Specialized Program of Research Excellence (to J.P.S., E.J.S., and L.F.), and the Prostate Cancer Foundation (to Y.H. and E.J.S.). Equipment support was provided by the University of California San Francisco Clinical and Translational Science Institute (National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources UL1 RR024131).
+The protein array data presented in this article have been submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus () under accession number GSE39688.
+The online version of this article contains supplemental material.
+Abbreviations used in this article:
+- CAMK
+- calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
+- CRPC
+- castration-resistant prostate cancer
+- EM
+- estimation-maximization
+- PSA
+- prostate-specific Ag
+- UCSF
+- University of California, San Francisco.
+- Received June 5, 2012.
+- Accepted July 30, 2012.
+- Copyright © 2012 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
+Crypto Games: Blockchain Selection
+Since the success of Axie Infinity, gaming has become one of the most invested verticals in the crypto industry. Many argue that blockchain games have the greatest potential to bring crypto into the mainstream, given the sector’s low barriers to entry and the widespread appeal of gaming. Amber has invested in several crypto games, and when speaking with teams in the early stages of development, we are often asked, “which chain should I build my game on?” Chain selection is a crucial decision for most game projects, and should be carefully considered. In this report, we will go through the history of several crypto games and analyze the pros and cons of different blockchain ecosystems. We hope this report can help current and future game developers with their decision on chain selection.
+Axie Infinity: from Ethereum to Ronin
+On Feb 18, 2018, Axie Infinity opened for presale, where people could adopt Axies by paying for them in ETH. The team planned to develop mini-games, quests, activities, and events for Axie owners to spend time with their Axies.
+The game was initially built on Ethereum, and its three key economic elements, Axies, AXS, and SLP, were all represented as tokens on Ethereum. Axies were ERC-721 tokens (NFTs), while AXS and SLP were standard ERC-20 tokens. Axie Infinity finally captured mainstream attention in the summer of 2021, as shown in the chart below.
+Facing more pressure from the community regarding rising Ethereum gas fees, the Axie team announced Ronin, an EVM-compatible Ethereum sidechain built solely for Axie Infinity and future games built by Sky Mavis. It aimed to create a faster, cheaper, and easier user experience. In addition, the sidechain would accrue value from transaction fee payments, instead of players paying gas to Ethereum miners.
+However, Ronin was hacked for $600M worth of assets in March 2022. Worse yet, this notorious breach was rooted in a vulnerability specific to Ronin’s security design. The chain was secured by 9 validators, among which hackers were able to take control of 5. The Ronin hack highlighted the important question of whether the benefits of building a sidechain outweigh the potential costs. Building and operating a sidechain requires expertise and careful planning, which may not be achievable for many game studios, even those which are highly crypto-native.
+Stepn: from Solana to BNB Chain
+Stepn was one of the brightest stars of this year. Not only did its token value increase by ~380x at its peak from the public sale price on Binance Launchpad, it also brought a short-term bull run to SOL as people flooded into Solana to play Stepn.
+Stepn is part of the “move-to-earn” subgenre of gamefi that allows users to earn rewards by running or walking. Players need to first buy a pair of shoes in its marketplace before playing. When players walk or run with their shoes, they are rewarded with GST, which can be sold in the open market or used in the game. Players are encouraged to upgrade their shoes with GST so that they can earn GST at a faster rate. Each upgrade is priced higher than the previous one, up until the maximum level of 30. For some higher-level upgrades or shoe mints, users need to use GMT, the governance token, as well. This complex and interesting in-game economic model attracts many players to design their own optimal strategy to maximize yields.
+Stepn’s decision to launch on Solana was likely driven by Solana’s significantly lower transaction costs compared to those of Ethereum and other blockchains. Stepn was ranked 4th in the Solana Ignition Hackathon Gaming Track. However, the Solana network has recently struggled with occasional network downtimes and performance degradations, often for many hours at a time. This resulted in asset transfer delays as the Stepn team was not able to communicate with Solana nodes properly. Understandably, most users who didn’t understand Solana’s mechanisms blamed Stepn for the outage. These issues were not caused by Stepn, as they attempted to explain to their users, but it still negatively impacted player experiences.
+In order to minimize the risk of running on a single chain, the team made the decision to expand to BNB Chain. Transaction costs on BNB Chain, while not as low as those on Solana, are still relatively cheap when compared with other layer 1 blockchains . Additionally, BNB Chain has a strong community with 970,218 daily active addresses at the time of writing, increasing Stepn’s user base. In April 2022, Binance Labs made an strategic investment in Stepn, further strengthening the partnership between Stepn and BNB Chain.
+Although Stepn is technically “multichain”, the game is relatively siloed between the two networks. At the time of writing, there is a material price difference between GST on Solana ($0.14) versus GST on BNB Chain ($0.32) due to the lack of bridge infrastructure of the GST token between the two chains.
+In traditional games, it is normal that multiple servers exist and the in-game economies remain separate between one another. However, the openness of blockchain creates new challenges for crypto game developers as they look to balance the interests of existing and new players and manage potential exploit risks inherent to cross-chain asset transfers.
+DeFi Kingdoms: from Harmony to Avalanche Subnets
+DeFi Kingdoms is an RPG mythical game which originally launched on Harmony. It “gamifies” DeFi by wrapping DeFi aspects into a fun gaming experience (hence the name). Users earn Defi Kingdom’s native token, JEWEL, by completing quests and selling in-game items. Users can also stake JEWEL inside a virtual bank, similar to single asset staking in DeFi.
+Notably, DeFi Kingdoms announced plans to build a new realm called Crystalvale using Avalanche Subnets in Dec 2021. The core of DeFi Kingdoms remained the same in Crystavale, but a new token, CRYSTAL, was introducedto power the new realm. Users can bridge their JEWEL tokens from Harmony to the DFK Subnet on Avalanche and stake them to earn CRYSTAL tokens. JEWEL tokens are used for paying gas fees on the subnet, while CRYSTAL acts as the primary in-game currency. The dual token design most likely stems from a compromise between different stakeholders — new players want exposure to the new realm without the baggage of the old, while existing JEWEL holders were concerned about value dilution from the creation of a new token.
+The team chose to partner with Synapse as the official bridge to send tokens between Harmony and Avalanche. However, the existence of JEWEL, a unified currency across two chains, brings up potential issues with arbitrage, liquidity, and bridge exploits (see our previous blog post for more details on the risks of bridges).
+Although DeFi Kingdoms had found market fit on Harmony, the team’s decision to move to Avalanche was likely motivated by better scalability, security, and community reach. If DeFi Kingdoms were the only game on a given subnet, its users would be able to take full advantage of its TPS of 4,500. At the same time, security and decentralization are not compromised as subnets are validated by Avalanche nodes. In addition to Avalanche’s technical capabilities, Avalanche Foundation launched Multiverse, “an up to $290M incentive program to accelerate growth of a new internet of subnets.” DeFi Kingdoms became the first subnet project to receive a grant from the program, worth $15M.
+Illuvium: Immutable X
+Illuvium is an NFT collecting combat game, where players can hunt, capture, and play with over one hundred different “Illuvials”, each represented by an NFT. Combining multiple Illuvials allows players to evolve them to improve their stats. It also has plots of land which can be purchased. With the exception of the land-purchasing mechanic, Illuvium is similar to Pokemon-style games, with added features including duels between players and the ability to make bets on the outcome of matches. Kieran Warwick, Illuvium’s co-founder, recently announced in Illuvium’s Discord server that the launch date is August 30, 2022.
+The game initially planned to launch on Ethereum’s layer 1, but later decided to move to Immutable X. IMX’s layer 2 platform is entirely designed for and marketed towards play-to-earn games, with zero gas fees for NFT minting. Immutable X also allows for NFTs to be listed automatically via various marketplaces, giving sellers more exposure to potential buyers. By using Immutable X, Illuvium is effectively built into the Ethereum ecosystem while not having to deal with the high gas fees normally associated with it. As a result, Illuvium does not have a high barrier to entry for new users, as most existing NFT users are already on Ethereum or layer 2s of Ethereum. Additionally, by using rollups, Illuvium is able to minimize security risks, especially those related to bridging assets.
+Sandbox: from Ethereum layer 1 to Polygon layer 2
+Sandbox aims to build a metaverse where users can purchase LANDs, digital pieces of in-game real estate, to build, own, and monetize their in-game experiences using NFTs and Sandbox’s utility token, SAND. However, due to high gas costs being a barrier to entry on Ethereum, Sandbox announced that users could migrate their funds onto Polygon PoS Chain to help relieve high transaction fees.
+Polygon PoS chain is the main public chain of the Polygon network. However, Polygon is releasing multiple other scaling solutions, including Edge, which allows developers to build and run their own customizable blockchain. Developers can customize gas costs and define their validator sets, much like they can with Avalanche Subnets.
+To enable easy connection to the wallets of their users, game developers can tap into Polygon ID, which helps verify on-chain credentials while preserving user’s privacy. Games can then grant access rights to players based on the assets they hold.
+The native Polygon bridge (a.k.a. the Matic bridge) is the main tool used by developers to incorporate pre-existing NFT or ERC20 assets from Ethereum layer 1 to Polygon layer 2. This is what made it so easy for Sandbox to deploy to Polygon. Because the Matic bridge is one of the most battle-tested and general-purpose bridges, it presents less of a security concern than most game-specific bridges. Other games are also adopting Polygon’s architecture, such as Coolcats with their Coolpets game.
+Closing Thoughts
+Taking lessons from the examples mentioned above, we have summarized the key features of several major chains from the perspective of scalability, transaction fees, chain reliability, user base, and game highlights.
+Many games have successfully launched on multiple chains. Some executed a complete migration to a new chain (e.g. Axie Infinity), while others built a new realm with a different economy (e.g. DeFi Kingdoms, Stepn). The expansion to new blockchains comes with risks from bridges and interchain economic stability. As the whole crypto space moves towards a multichain future, games with a thoughtful plan on chain selection and expansion will offer a more seamless experience to their players and stand out from the competition..
+The show follows the life of a bisexual succubus, who feeds on the sexual energy of humans, named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her supernatural abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.
+The show’s pilot, opens with the typical young female named Kenzi at a bar harassed by an older gentleman. It’s interesting to see that the young woman is choosing to tolerate his harassment to be given the chance to steal from him.
+When I was watching the show, I was afraid that the writers would stick with the civilian’s tropes of a white knight coming to her rescue. From a female’s viewpoint, it was interesting to see Bo, another woman coming to her rescue.
+Kenzi, played by Ksenia Solo, is teased throughout the series as a vulnerable human, who puts herself in harm’s way by interacting with things a human should not understand.
+I saw this portrayed, as a string female staying true to her morals. I found her character to be the one I relate to the most because even if the characters she meets have supernatural abilities, she contributes to solving problems the main protagonist Bo faces.
+We all want to be superheroes, yet Kenzi uses her wit and charm to get her way. I felt the writers of the show tried to derail from her character’s moral compass by making the audience believe she wishes to have supernatural abilities to be more like those around her.
+The writers try playing this off in season two, by showing Kenzi seeking out more about the fae lore to find magical creatures that might offer her magical abilities for a price. Throughout the series, the writers portrays her relationship with Bo as her best friend or even the limited role of a sidekick.
+I tried to overlook this by judging the character on her heart. By being human, she prevents the other characters from manipulating Bo and taking advantage of her seductive powers.
+The show’s protagonist Bo played by Anna Silk, a powerful young woman who can manipulate others through the sense of touch. In the pilot. Bo comes to Kenzi’s rescuer without the intention of being the hero. There is a flirtatious exchange between Bo and the older gentleman at the bar. It is not until the audience sees Bo kissing him, that she is giving into a sexual hunger.
+A white light escapes through the man’s lips before collapsing to the ground. We learn later in the episode, that Bo is on the run from her past. Not knowing much of her gift or even that she is part fae frightens her.
+She is only aware that her touch can leave others in a cataclysmic shock that feeds her secret desires. I felt that even if her intentions were not to save Kenzi, it offered her hope that she could have an ally in her life.
+The show plays on the parallel, of having humans live in a world ignorant of the fae, showing that their only role is to serve as food for the faes. Amongst the division of class, the audience is later on introduced to a war between light faes, who wish to keep their world secret from humans verses the dark faes.
+The dark faes fail to see why they shouldn’t use humans to fulfill their selfish desires. Both sides see Bo as the key to gain dominance over one another and so both Bo and Kenzi are confronted by Dyson and Hale, expecting Bo to acknowledge her heritage and choose whether she wants to work with the light or dark faes.
+Dyson and Hale both work together at the police station in the State of Oregon in the United States. To the humans around them, both Dyson and Hale serve as police officers, yet to the fae community they serve the light faes using their connections to protect humans against dark faes and other supernatural creatures.
+Dyson, played by Kris Holden, embodies a protective and supportive character. It isn’t until Vo and Kenzi meet them and the other faes that it is revealed to be a powerful wolf shape-shifter.
+Later in the series, Dyson and Bo develop a strong relationship. He is the only fae shown that isn’t drained by her sexual hunger and can offer her the fastest means of recharging. In the first few seasons of the show, Dyson’s character doesn’t reveal much of his background.
+The audience sees him using his animal senses while investigating crime scenes with Hale. I understand the wanted to keep a feminine perspective for a strong female lead, yet they could have offered more feminine characteristics to his character to make it easier to relate to and draw in more male viewers.
+Hale, played by K.C Collins is introduced with Dyson while investigating the older gentleman that was attacked by Bo in the bar. He is the first person of color featured on the show. He serves as Dyson’s partner and ally to offer him logical advice regarding working with Bo.
+Throughout the series, there aren’t many other main characters played by people of color. I find it interesting that the audience learns that Hale is a siren by the abilities he portrays.
+Hale admits a low whistle that emits a high frequency sound-wave that can weaken other faes and leave humans unconscious. I found his character even more intriguing because I love sirens and mermaids.
+Also, Hale struggles to trust Bo because she chooses not to align herself with humans and refuses to choose to work with the light or dark faes.
+As the series’ progresses, the audience learn that despite both the light and dark faes being at war, there is a safe-haven. It is a bar known as The Dal Riata, owned by Fitzpatrick McCorrigan, better known as Trick, who is played by Rick Howland. The Dal Riara is named after the ancient Gaelic kingdom which crossed Scotland and Ireland.
+He seems very knowledgeable about the fae realm, and like Bo makes a valiant effort to hide from his past. Throughout the series, there are whispers of a fae king using blood magic to win the war between the light and dark faes.
+In the fourth season of Lost Girl, Bo tries to learn more of her past. She hopes that by doing so, she’ll be able to understand the strengths and limitations, she learns that her mother was a succubus as well. When Bo learns more of her mother’s past, she learns that Trick is her grandfather.
+The only other human that helps the fae aside from Kenzi, is Lauren played by Zoie Palmer. The people that govern the light faes, have hired Lauren for her knowledge of science and using herbal chemicals to treat the faes. When Lauren meets Bo, they form a connection instantly.
+Her curiosity of Bo’s powers intrigues her because the last known succubus to help fight the war, was Bo’s other who was aligned with the dark faes. It always amused me that Kenzi is very sarcastic toward Lauren and refuses to trust her. I wondered if Kenzi could see that Lauren was attracted to Bo.
+During the fourth season of the series, the writers made Lauren and Bo a couple. I have nothing against the media covering lesbian couples, yet it came across to the audience as being forced.
+In season one of Lost Girl, (2010) the pilot rated 7.8/ 10 and was watched by men and women of all ages. Most of the episodes in season one focused on Bo and her path of discovery.
+She tries to prove to the light faes that her allegiance is with humans, which is reinforced by her refusal to choose a side. It frustrated me near the end of season one as Bo’s actions defies this notion by working closely with Lauren and Dyson. Bo defends her actions by stating she is helping her friends.
+I liked that Bo and Kenzi were portrayed as strong female warriors giving the show a strong feminine perspective, yet they crippled the ideology of feminist values by having them being saved by male faes.
+In season two (2011). The writers build on the development of the characters introduced in season one. By working closer with Trick, the truth of his past is revealed to both Bo and Kenzi.
+They learn that Trick was the fae king and used his blood to create the laws that currently govern the fae realm. This causes a rift to form between Bo and Dyson. He had kept the truth from her, as well as keeping the identity of her birth mother, told to him by Trick.
+After season one, the writers tease the foreboding threat of a dark entity coming. I understand that the show-runners wanted to expand on the universe and the rich characters they had created, but I felt that the main characters of the show could have been developed further before new characters were introduced.
+In season three (2012), Hale becomes the new acting ash, which serves as the leading ruler of the light faes. Prior to the change in position, little is known of Hale’s background.
+Through flashbacks and conversations with Dyson, we learn that Hale comes from a noble family that are also sirens sworn to serve the light faes. With Hale’s new responsibilities, he steps down from being Dyson’s partner within the Oregon police force.
+Dyson is given a new partner named Tamsin played by Rachel Skarsten. At first, Tamsin seems like a coy detective, yet questions his relationship with Dyson. I was under the impression that if the writers were pushing the relationship between Bo and Lauren, the writers would pursue a physical relationship between Dyson and Tamsin. It isn’t revealed until season four, that Tamsin isn’t human and is a Valkyrie.
+In season four (2014) Kenzi continues to pursue magic to grant herself fae powers, so she is no longer the weak human that needs protection. The change in her morals bothered me because it seems like she wants to discard the one thing that makes her unique.
+Kenzi was my favorite character because her reactions to the magical things occurring around her seemed genuine. That season is where I started to lose interest in the show. A lot of the characters appeared to be rewritten with outlandish reasons for the sudden change of morality.
+The one thing that kept me interested in the show and had me continue to watch it, was adding to Tamsin’s character. Tamsin’s Valkyrie abilities and past lives eludes to the focus of Norse mythology. Tamsin explains to Kenzi that she is troubled by a mistake that occurred in one of her past lives.
+By feeling pity toward a fallen hero, Tamsin refuses to return the soul to Valhalla. Despite not showing much interaction between Hale and Kenzi, in the last few episodes of the season, they reveal that their friendship has changed into a physical relationship.
+I wondered if the writers had intended to end the series with season four. Many minor plot holes are tied up with the death of Hale. He is at least given a heroic death by protecting Kenzi from a dark fae.
+In season five (2015), the final season, I was disappointed that the series didn’t stick with how season four had wrapped.
+Too many minor characters were added to flesh out the dark universe. Kenzi is killed to save Bo from her father, who is a powerful demon. I feel like they wanted Bo to be the dark heroine sworn to protect humanity from faes.
+Furthermore, the series started out strong with a female centric heroine. The series could have ended after the second season. Each character’s story is stretched out over the course of the seasons.
+I liked the diversity of each character and how they interact with one another. I would have preferred more developed characters to make them more relevant to the audience. I would have enjoyed if the network had included other characters like Kenzi during the first season.
+Overall, it gets a 7/10.
+Burned it!
+Emberly
+2 thoughts on “Lost Girl”
+Reblogged this on Gothic Bite Magazine.
+Loved this show!!! I love the whole fae vibe and dyson is one hot werewolf!! Shared on all my socials!!
+Yesterday saw crowds marching through Bangor in protests supporting School Strike for Climate, a global movement pushing for action to be taken on climate change.
+(for more information, see our main article at:).
+Seren Bangor spent the march interviewing over 40 individual protestors to hear why they personally had taken to the streets. The following 10 interviews represent a cross section of those interviewees.
+What has brought you here today?
+- “I’m a medical student and you can’t just neglect climate change, and it’s getting worse by the minute and I think we’re getting to the point where unless we act now it will be irreversible. And I think that climate is health. I think the ‘Lancet’ recently said that climate change is one of the biggest threats to human health over the next century, so it’s really important that we act now.”
+- “I’m here representing the children today, to support the children. I think they’re being dealt an unfair deal with the planet. It’s something that my parents protested for years back and nobody listened, and we have to keep that going, and the fact that we’re still here today protesting is shocking. The government is doing nothing reasonable to change.”
+- “To show support and solidarity to my fellow brothers and sisters in the fight against climate change and capitalism’s destruction of the planet that we live on.”
+- “We got the email coming around and clearly not everybody had received it via the university- I work at the university so it’s very convenient. We both have kids, and it’s for our kids, our kids’ kids and their kids’ kids. We’ve probably messed up quite a bit and it’s hard… There’s lots of things we can do ourselves but it’s great to feel a sense of camaraderie and community when loads of people come together and really begin to express a voice.”
+- “We are striking against climate change to really show the government and show people that we’re here, that we care about the climate change, and that we want to make a difference.”
+- “I’m a member of the local Extinction Rebellion group and we’re just keen to help the school kids in any way that we can and support their school strike march.”
+- “My son is a student at Bangor and he studies zoology. To support his studies, he’s working- he is working today, because he needs his job, but I’m here to represent him. He tells me how grief-stricken some of the students are as they realise how much destruction is happening in the natural world- that young people are so grief-stricken that people are taking their own lives and so on. My generation, we left it to other people to take the power and make the decisions, and I really want to support the young people to know that they can all assume a shared authority and we don’t have to leave it to the types who want to run committees. It’s not the types who want to run committees and want to have power, it’s all of us. We need to all grow up and have our own authority and talk to each other, and that’s why I’m here today.”
+- “I care about the climate and I want to strike for it because I don’t really want to see a bunch of species go extinct, and I don’t want my future kids or grandkids to be affected by it.”
+- “I firmly believe we need to oppose capitalism and imperialism and colonialism in all forms across the world, in their globalised form, because it is killing our planet, with production, with exploitation around the world. We need stronger tactics to do it- the march is all well and good, and it’s very inspiring to see all these young people out, coming to express their opinion, but we need a clearer strategy about how we’re actually going to save our planet instead of just coming here and having a day out- which is all well and good but we need to have fiercer challenges to the way things are.”
+- “In support of all these people leading what I think is essential energy and enthusiasm and giving people permission to actually do some something radical about the state of the world- not just climate change but all the ecosystems and our relationship with the world.”
+How did you get involved in this movement?
+- “It’s been very well publicised. Greta Thunberg being in New York has been helpful. There’s been protests all over the world, I think there has been a really good turnout in Asia and Australia already, so now that we’re in Europe and the UK we’ve to do our bit now.”
+- “I’m not involved in any other capacity other than just being here today to make an appearance, to make up the numbers, and to show my support for the movement itself.”
+- “I recognise that the world we live in is not in a very good place, that the people that run the world, the people that make the key decisions… they breed inequality, breed deprivation, breed pushing people down- and not just with people but with the environment, with everything really. All that the neo-liberal capitalist agenda is interested in is profiteering and making money and that’s at the expense of human beings and the environment in which we live. So it’s those things that have brought me out.”
+- “I think it’s just a lot of stuff that you notice- I live in a village where we do litter picking, there’s just loads of rubbish. Our family has got two cars, why do we? I need to fly to visit my mother on a regular basis. There is just stuff happening in the world, so that at the moment it feels hard to escape how you do something, but we need to, we need to. We can do individual things but there’s also things we can do at a much higher organisational and societal level.”
+- “There’s a lot of stuff on social media and things. Greta Thunberg is in the news quite often and she’s very inspirational because she’s our age- in the news she’s just everywhere and it’s just, wow, it’s amazing. She’s very inspirational to me.”
+- “I’ve always been an environmentalist I guess- all my adult life. And when I heard about Extinction Rebellion, who gave a talk at the Botanic Garden last year, I thought that had an interesting strategy and it was worth a shot, so I jumped on board with it.”
+- “My son, but also summers changing, what I see on the news about fires in forests and the mad idea of economic progress that just consumes the planet. It’s obviously wrong, it doesn’t make common sense and yet it’s so fundamental to the system. We have to find a way of running this world so everybody has some, so nobody has it all, we all need to have some.”
+- “I was browsing Instagram and I saw a bunch of stuff about Extinction Rebellion and Greenpeace and stuff like that, and I looked further into it and now I’m here.”
+- “I saw a thing on Facebook. I thought it was a good idea to come, come with a sign, show support and solidarity even if it’s not necessarily, in my opinion, radical enough- because you’ve got to move with the crowd and try and steer people in the right direction.”
+- “I’ve been campaigning on climate change since 1991, and then I gave up. I just felt really hopeless, and then with Extinction Rebellion and School Strike for Climate I just feel delighted there are so many people now recognising the state that we’ve gotten ourselves into. We’re taking ourselves out, all other species, we’re just destroying things for profit, and I just think the whole thing is totally insane. I think we’re realising that now- the old story of separation no longer works.”
+Who do you believe is the most important audience for this protest?
+- “A) The general public. B) Hopefully governments- not just our governments all around the world. And it might be nice to just see what other people think and what other people are here for. So just everyone really!”
+- “The people that are denying climate change. People that have, for whatever reasons they may be, just are not admitting to the fact and not looking at the figures and not taking us seriously. We’re not just doing this to draw attention to ourselves, we’re doing this for a cause, and it’s a real, true cause that’s been going on for years and years and it needs to change now.”
+- “In some ways I think the most important audience is all the people who are not here today, or the people who think that this is not their problem, or the people who think that this is something that happens within some sort of vacuum which doesn’t have a detrimental effect on every single persons day-to-day life, their ability to live, their ability to live sustainably, and in way which means that we can still have human life on this planet in 100, 200, 500 years’ time rather than just 50 years.”
+- “We can make our own changes and we can begin to do that but I think it’s the people that have slightly more power than we, so council government, big industries, companies, need to begin to hear that we are up for different ways of living.”
+- “I think it’s probably the governments around the world to be honest, because a lot of the governments have said that there is a climate emergency but they’ve not done anything about it. We had a girl that was up earlier that said it’s been six months since then and nothing has happened- it has in fact got worse. So, I think that’s the most important audience but, also, just to make sure that the people here know, because if we get the civilians in, and get them involved, the government are going to have to listen and they’re going to have to act.”
+- “Speaking from an Extinction Rebellion point of view, and this is a School Strike for Climate event so I don’t want to put words into their mouths, but influencing policy-makers and the people that have got the power. I think for a long time the environmental movement has tried to influence individuals to change their lifestyles, in a system that is very much rigged against you if you’re trying to do that, and that hasn’t been so successful. So Extinction Rebellion is certainly aiming to get policy-makers to quite radically change the way in which our society is run, to make it a lot easier for people to live sustainably.”
+- “I think every one person has to ask themselves. We certainly inspire each other and I feel really inspired by you youngsters. We need to inspire each other. We need to encourage the oldies, like me- I’ve never been on a march before, but it really matters and I should have been before now. But ultimately it’s for each person to take responsibility and work with the person next to them. So who is it for? It’s for myself and everybody else.”
+- “I’m hoping mainly the government will listen. I’m a firm believer in the fact that a small person can make a big difference.”
+- “Audience is an interesting point. Audience is useful because it’s good for people to know and know that other people care so they feel confident enough to get out and do things themselves, but also the audience needs to be not just other people, we need to send a message to the power structures that currently exist in society, like the police, like capital, because they need to know that we will cause trouble for them unless they listen to our demands, unless change comes soon.”
+- “I think the most important audience is not really an audience, but for all of us to feel we’re part of something and we can do stuff. So, yes, we can ask councils to do stuff, but really if any of us look to our local area, we can do things that actually improve the resilience of ecosystems, or just take action in terms of buying less, or build community or renewable energy schemes and stuff like that. We all need to play our part no matter what role we’re in.”
+We.
+Fuel stabilizers. This one that many Curbside Classic owners are likely to consider when they put it away for the sometimes long winter. Fact is fuel does go bad with age. It actually oxidizes and the different components can evaporate at different rates. With gas containing ethanol it can degrade in as little as 3 months. Looking at the MSDS for a number of them show that the common components are oils from “light” to “heavy”, naphtha, and a usually small amount of their particular proprietary component. The reasons given why they work range from that they are an anti-oxidant, to that they contain a more volatile compound that becomes that “target” of the oxidation process.
+Hey wait a minute……..the components of the fuel system cleaners and fuel stabilizers seem pretty similar….hmmm.
+Yup and you’ll find a number of products that claim to both be fuel system cleaners and fuel stabilizers, even if they are primarily marketed as for one or the other. The products that are primarily sold as stabilizers tend to have a thicker base than the cleaning products. In my research for this I noted that some people indicated that the products that use a heavy oil base sometimes seemed to leave their own residue. Others have noted good results using a product marketing as a combo cleaner/stabilizer for long term storage.
+Octane Boosters. Many claim to make racing fuel out of ordinary pump gas. They seemed to take off with the intro of “low-lead” and reduced availability of extreme octane fuels in the 70’s. Do they work? Most brands have proven to raise the octane but it usually is an expensive way to get octane. If your car starts to ping after filling up at a questionable station it might provide what is needed to run that batch out. If you’ve got an old school super high compression engine and the race gas you normally use isn’t available then a couple or 3 bottles may be just the ticket. For the most part however fixing the underlying issue or changing your tune/set up to accommodate the fuel available would be more cost effective in the long run.
+I mentioned gasoline containing ethanol a couple of times so we should probably discuss that since it certainly could be considered a fuel additive. I don’t want to start the debate of why it’s good/bad so hopefully we can stay away from the political side, there are lots of other sites to debate politics. Fact is some cities and states have mandated some or all fuel be E10, some metropolitan areas have year round or seasonal “oxygenated fuel” (E5.75%), other areas may contain anywhere up to E10 despite the lack of a State, Local, or Fed mandate.
+Just to make it more confusing are the individual state’s labeling laws. It varies from prohibiting noting the presence of ethanol, others allowing it but not requiring it, to states that require at least a sticker containing words to the effect “may contain up to 10% ethanol”. So you may have to do a little research to see what exactly it is that you get from your local pumps. But knowing what you are putting in the tank of your car especially your Curbside Classic.
+Now I’m not a chemist nor do I play one on TV, so if there are any chemists out there and can shed some more light on these products speak up. Have you had a particularly good or bad experience with fuel additives? Never used one in your life? Let us know.
+They still sell Motor Cure under the Restore brand. I’ve used it but never “felt” it’s benefits.
+If you do the math on most Octane boosters you’ll find that they don’t do as much as they appear to claim. They claim 7 points, that makes 93 octane 93.7 not 100.
+The only one I’ve found that actually does work is Torco’s Accelerator. 16 ounces added to 10 gallons of 93 octane gets you 97. It’s twice or triple the price of most store bought boosters though.
+I like the smell of race fuel so when I need high octane I usually just go to a station that has 99+ and blend it with whatever is in the tank.
+Snake Oil is more about the perceived benefits than actual results. There are a lot of people that like being “sold” on stuff thinking they are doing a good thing for their ride.
+Those were the guys who would give their cars a tankful of premium instead of regular gas as a special present, maybe after someone bought them a fancy imported beer..
+Being the curious type in my earlier days, I used Marvel Mystery Oil in the gas tank of my ’77 K5 Blazer with a 350ci engine. It got rid of nearly all the valvetrain noises that were occurring.
+As far as using additives on cars with an ECU, I wouldn’t bother.
+Marvel Mystery Oil appears to be very closely related to Automatic Transmission Fluid and using ATF may produce similar results. I used to live near their HQ in Portchester NY but never went in.
+Marvel Mystery oil cured the “quart of oil burned every 3,000 miles” in my 100,000 mile plus Oldsmobile 307 V8 in my 1987 Cutlass. However right around that time “MaxLife” oil came out and worked for me in the same way. Although it didn’t do anything for the ticking lifters the car had from the day my Dad bought it at 65,000 miles.
+All the old fellows swear by it around here, as well as Sea Foam. And most of the time they know what they are talking about..
+It was, if I remember correctly, a “top cylinder lubricant” – Mobil sold the same thing as Upperlube. It was for sticking valves, a problem that apparently happened a lot on older-design hardware.
+The only use I had for Upperlube was in our Gravely Tractor…the six-horse Gravely-designed engine, the design which dated from the 1930s, had a flathead but cross-flow design; and the valve stems sat outside the air-cooled single-cylinder jug. The exhaust valve would stick WITHOUT FAIL on a long shutdown – long enough to completely cool; as in overnight or for a week.
+Upperlube eliminated the problem, so long as you remembered to add it to the gas. I tried outboard motor oil; it didn’t work.
+I suspect Barto’s Lubricated Gas just had a top-cylinder lubricant as an additive. Good if you had a Rambler or Jeep flathead…
+Excellent analysis Eric.
+In the 1990’s, I worked at Advance Auto parts and we sold a “miracle product” that caused no small amount of controversy. It was called Dura Lube and it was a love it/hate it product that mechanics generally didn’t recommend. It was mucho expensive.
+One mechanic that I dealt with a bit explained that all of these “mechanic in a can” products that were made for the crankcase were basically oil thickeners that gave the illusion of power if the engine had worn rings or such. They also quieted noisy parts-for a while. He said that you could achieve the same thing with gear oil in the crankcase,but you better not plan on long term ownership if you did that. He was right. We sold a lot of these products (and 5 gallon buckets of gear oil) to small time used car dealers.
+Most octane boosters make use of the fact that ethanol is a high-octane additive (e-85 is about 110-115 octane, depending on the blend). Everytime I’ve used an octane booster, I’ve noticed the same effect as fuel with a high ethanol content: poor mileage. As for fuel system cleaners, they do a fairly good job of keeping the fuel injector pintle clean, but products like Sea-Foam and Berryman’s seem to work better than Gumout or any store brand. I know pump gas has detergents in it, but they are not very concentrated. That’s where the injector cleaner additive comes in handy. I have seen an improvement of about 1-2 mpg in my 98 Suburban using Lucas Fuel System Cleaner. I know 1-2 mpg doesn’t sound like much, but when you started at 17 mpg on a 44 gal. tank, 18-19 is a marked improvement.
+The most effective, and most toxic octane booster product used to be 104+ Real Lead, which as the name implied was basically a can of tetraethyl lead. Magazine testing showed it really would produce a boost if you started with premium unleaded gasoline but the stuff would dissolve plastic.
+The other “interesting” products were carbon removers, most notably the John Muir solution for decoking a Beetle by slowly pouring a quart of diesel fuel down the carb while the engine was running and the old GM Goodwrench top engine cleaner which you would leave sitting overnight and which produced a massive smokescreen on startup as the crud went out the tailpipe.
+Seafoam seems to work well when I put it in the gas tank. I also like slick 50 but I don’t know how well it works, if at all.
+Sea Foam works good for it’s intended purpose, unlike many of the other ones.
+I’ve used Sea Foam in my V50 from time to time, and a friend puts it in his boats regularly.
+Good analysis Eric. I have had good luck with Seafoam and Marvel Mystery Oil. But you can do the same thing with a Coke bottle, some ATF, and water. ATF and kerosene are useful for many things. For diesel systems Lubro Moly Diesel Purge works wonders. But most over the counter cures don’t seem to do much.
+Me and several friends know from personal experience that Marvel Mystery Oil works great for freeing up engines that are frozen up after sitting unstarted for decades.
+Just squirt it into the cylinders, let it sit a couple days, and voila’. Liquid wrench does the same thing.
+I’ve tried a fuel stabilizer for when the 2WD Ranger is mothballed for the winter (Stab-l), and it seemed to work OK, but have since switched to non-oxygenated fuel for the winter. Unless you have a 1954 or older, you can’t pump non-oxy directly into the tank, so I use cans. My small engines (generators, mower and such) all use non-oxy, so I’ve got a fair stash. FWIW, two-stroke mix seems to work better without ethanol in the picture.
+Now, all I need is a replacement for Blitz’s !@#$% eco-safe filler spouts. Time to look for a quasi-portable tank and pump.
+The ethanol in pump gas ate the rubber fuel line connectors and the soft carburetor parts in my ’66 Beetle. No one nearby sells non E10 gas either. I wish there was a way to get rid of the alcohol.
+I am going to run a bottle of Techron thru my ’10 Hyundai’s tank next month to keep things cleaned up. I’ve owned it 2 years and haven’t put any additive in it yet but I hear it does keep your fuel injectors clean.
+Look for a product called Star-Tron. It counter-acts pretty much all the problems inherent in ethanol use.
+Good piece, Eric. I don’t use fuel additives but I can vouch for the “ethanol effect.” My car is new enough to be low compression with hardened valve seats, never had a trouble with regular gas until the past couple years. Cold starts would be hard and there was a sort of bog when I’d accelerate. When I heard that premium Shell has no ethanol I switched to that and noticed a difference as soon as I worked through the old stuff. I don’t know the chemistry behind it but computerless carbs just don’t like too much corn juice.
+Octane booster: My brother’s Chrysler can only survive on 94 octane since he rebuilt the engine. The highest grade that most stations in our area sell is 91, so he always carries a container or two of octane booster for times when he needs gas and can only find a station with 91.
+Stabilizer: When storing my cars, I used to just fill the tank with the same grade that I normally used and not use any additives. The car seemed a little low on power til that tank was run out in the spring, but otherwise everything was fine. Now that the gas has ethanol in it, I worry that it has a shorter shelf life and the ethanol may do bad things sitting in the fuel system. Now I fill my cars with hi-test (91 or 94 octane) and add Stabil before storing. Between these measures, the gas doesn’t seem to lose any zip after sitting for 6 months.
+Fuel system treatments: In my area, newer vehicles require an emissions test every 2 years. The old-school mechanic that I take my wife’s vehicle to for E-tests recommends a shot of Lucas fuel system treatment in the full-up before taking the test. Normally that’s the only time I throw in anything but gas in the tank of that vehicle. However, last summer we took her 2006 CR-V on a camping trip in the Catskills. Something about the gas sold in that area (?) caused the CR-V to have starting problems the first time we started it every morning. I bought a bottle of Lucas fuel treatment and threw it in, and there were no more starting problems. It certainly seems to have some beneficial properties.
+Your article only discussed gas engine fuel system additives. In my truck (1994 Cummins) I have started using Power Service diesel additive with every fill. It’s a cetane booster, but the main reason I use it is to improve the lubricity of the fuel. I’ve also read about some guys dumping some non-detergent motor oil in the gas tank on every fill-up. The new low-sulfur diesel does not lubricate as well as the older diesel fuel did, which will cause extra wear on injection pumps and injectors in older diesel engines. (Some jurisdictions are pushing for minimum levels of biodiesel blend as well, which will not help lubricity either.) The injection pump in my Cummins at least gets lubricated by crankcase oil, but many injection pumps in older diesels are ONLY lubricated by the fuel.
+I assume part 2 of this series will be crankcase oil additives, so I won’t comment on those now.
+Since I work at a Honda/Yamaha motorcycle dealership, I’m very familiar with carburetor cleaning on a piece of equipment that’s allowed to sit too long. Every gas can in the house gets Sta-Bil in it before filling, all my power equipment runs on stabilized gas, and if it looks like the motorcycles are going to sit the winter out they get it, too.
+Anecdotal evidence and what with the horde of variables and the cost of performing truly useful “blind studies,” engine tear-downs, etc. modern fuel additives are assuredly of s YMMV nature.
+Google “YMMV” if unsure of the acronym’s translation.
+TechRon… found in Chevron and other branded gasoline.
+Can be entered into vehicle if unavailable in your area’s petrol dispensing joints via black-colored plastic bottles.
+Some human units gurgle the advice that a “dosage” be followed by an oil change soon thereafter.
+Since it appears to cause no harm I give the Silverado with its 4.8 liter screaming creator of propulsive power a once-yearly TechRon treatment followed by an oil change.
+Lots of online debate.
+Bountiful in-depth discussion about all the lubes, etc. below
+My old Dodge Lancer turbo was very finicky about it’s fuel, it would only develop max boost if it had 91 or better octane. While I owned the car, I had tried every gasoline brand available to me, but the only one that ever seemed to deliver full boost was the old Amoco Ultra Platinum unleaded. No other fuel anywhere I bought it would ever give me full boost, including the other big names, like Mobil, Shell, Hess, Chevron, etc.
+Occasionally, the car would develop a bit rougher idle than normal, usually after using cheap-o fuel when I would get stuck having to buy crap gasoline at some Interstate fuel stop. There were two grades of Techron, One was a fuel injector cleaner with Techron in it, which apparently was a lower concentration of the active ingredients, The actual Techron-branded fuel system cleaner which apparently had a much higher concentration of the active ingredients. The Techron branded fuel system cleaner worked as advertised, as it seemed to clean up the idle condition at least until I could find Amoco gasoline again.
+Gertrude the pig rooted around a straw-filled pen. She gave no notice to the cameras and onlookers. She also ignored the 1,024 electrodes eavesdropping on her brain. Each time Gertrude’s snout found a treat in a researcher’s hand, a musical jingle sounded. It signaled activity in nerve cells that control her snout.
+Those beeps were part of a big August 28, 2020 reveal of the nerve-watching tech by Neuralink. It’s a company based in San Francisco, Calif. “In a lot of ways, it’s kind of like a Fitbit in your skull with tiny wires.” Or that’s how Elon Musk described his company’s new technology that day.
+Neuroscientists study the brain. For decades, many of them have been recording nerve-cell activity in animals. But Musk and others are reaching to do far more. They want to enable us to perfectly save and relive our favorite memories. Or maybe we’ll replay video games in our heads. One day we may even beckon cars with our minds, Jedi–style.
+Some scientists called Gertrude’s introduction just an attention-grabbing stunt. But Musk, the maker of Tesla cars, has surprised people before. “You can’t argue with a guy who built his own electric car and sent it to orbit around Mars,” says Christof Koch. He’s a neuroscientist at the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle, Wash.
+Advances in brain tech are coming quickly. They also span a variety of approaches. Some could lead to external headsets that may tell the difference between hunger and boredom. Electrodes implanted in the brain might help translate our intentions to speak into real words. Or bracelets may be on the horizon that use nerve impulses to type for you — no keyboard required.
+Today, paralyzed people are already testing such technologies. Called brain-computer interfaces, they translate intentions into action. With brain signals alone, these people have been able to shop online, communicate — even use a prosthetic arm to sip from a cup. But the ability to hear brain chatter, understand it and perhaps even modify it has the potential to change and improve people’s lives. And this neural eavesdropping may help in ways that go well beyond medicine.
+Such technologies also raise questions. Chief among them: Who will get access to our brains and for what purpose.
+Reading thoughts
+Researchers and doctors have long sought to be able to pull information from someone’s brain — without relying on speaking, writing or typing. It could help people whose bodies can no longer move or speak. Implanted electrodes can record signals in movement areas of the brain. This has allowed some people to control robotic prostheses.
+In January 2019, researchers at Johns Hopkins University implanted electrodes in the brain of Robert “Buz” Chmielewski. A surfing accident had left the man unable to use his arms or legs. Using signals from both sides of his brain, Chmielewski was able to controll two prosthetic arms. With them, he could use a fork and a knife at the same time to feed himself. Researchers announced in a press release late last year.
+Other researchers decoded speech from the brain signals of a paralyzed man who is unable to speak. This man saw the question “Would you like some water?” on a computer screen. He then responded with the text, “No, I am not thirsty.” He got a computer to print the message using only signals from his brain. This work, described at a November 19, 2020 symposium hosted by Columbia Unversity, was just one example of the advances in linking brains to computers.
+“Never before have we been able to get that kind of information without interacting with [other parts of the body],” says Karen Rommelfanger. She’s a neuroethicist at Emory University in Atlanta, Ga. Speaking, sign language and writing, for instance, all require several decision-making steps, she says.
+So far, efforts to pull information from the brain generally require bulky equipment, she notes. They’ve also needed heavy computing power. Most importantly, they required a willing participant. At least for now, any efforts to break into your mind could easily be halted by closing your eyes or even getting sleepy.
+What’s more, Rommelfanger says, mind reading’s goal is too vague to be a concern. “I don’t believe that any neuroscientist knows what a mind is or what a thought is,” she says. As a result, she says, “I am not concerned about mind reading” — at least using the technologies that exist now.
+But they may change quickly. “We are getting very, very close” to having the ability to pull private information from people’s brains, says Rafael Yuste. He’s a neurobiologist who works at Columbia University in New York City. Yuste notes that studies have begun to decode what someone is looking at and what words she might hear.
+Scientists from Kernel, a neurotech company near Los Angeles, Calif., have invented a helmet. Just hitting the market, it works as a portable scanner. It highlights activity in certain areas of the brain.
+For now, companies have only our behavior — our likes, our clicks, our purchase histories — to build eerily accurate profiles of us. And we let them. Predictive algorithms make good guesses. But they are only guesses. “With this neural data gleaned from neurotechnology, it may not be a guess anymore,” Yuste says. Companies will have the real thing, straight from your brain.
+In the future, techologies may even be able to reveal subconscious thoughts, Yuste says. “That is the ultimate privacy fear — because what else is left?”
+Next step: Altering behaviors?
+Technology already exists to read brain activity — and change it. Such tools can detect a coming seizure in someone with epilepsy, for instance, and prevent it. Or it might stop a tremor before it takes hold. Researchers are even testing related systems for obsessive-compulsive disorder, addiction and depression. But the power to precisely change brain activity — and with it, someone’s behavior — raises disturbing questions.
+The desire to change a person’s mind, is not new, notes Marcello Ienca. He’s a bioethicist in Switzerland at ETH Zurich. Winning hearts and minds is at the core of advertising and politics. Persuading people is what debates are all about. Technology capable of changing your brain’s activity with just a subtle nudge, however, brings “manipulation risks to the next level,” Ienca says.
+Science can’t do that yet. But in a hint of what may be possible, researchers have already created visions inside mouse brains. They used a technique called optogenetics. It uses light to stimulate small groups of nerve cells. In this way, the researchers made mice “see” lines that weren’t there. Those mice behaved exactly as if their eyes had actually seen the lines, says Yuste, whose research group performed some of these experiments. “Puppets,” he calls the affected mice.
+All of these new advances come against a backdrop of technologies we now find very comfortable.
+We allow our smartphones to monitor where we go, what time we fall asleep and even whether we’ve washed our hands for a full 20 seconds. At the same time, people share digital breadcrumbs online about the diets we try, what TV shows we binge and the tweets we love. For many of us, our lives already are an open book.
+Those details are more powerful than brain data, says Anna Wexler. She’s an ethicist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. “My email address, my notes app and my search-engine history are more reflective of who I am as a person — my identity — than our neural data may ever be,” she says.
+How private should our brains and thoughts be?
+Right now, Wexler says, it’s too early to worry about brain tech intruding on our privacy. But many people do not share that opinion. “Most of my colleagues,” she admits, “would tell me I’m crazy.”
+Yuste and others who would like to see strict laws to protect our privacy. They would like someone’s brain-cell data safeguarded, just as our organs are. No one can remove someone’s liver without approval for medical purposes. These researchers would like to see neural data given the same protections.
+That viewpoint has gained acceptance in the South American nation of Chile. It is now considering whether to set up new protections to guard neural data so that companies cannot get at your data without your permission.
+Other experts fall somewhere in the middle. Ienca, for example, thinks people ought to have the choice to sell or give away their brain data. They might do it in exchange for a product they like, or even just for cash. “The human brain is becoming a new asset,” he says. He’s fine with it becoming something that can bring big profits to the companies eager to mine these data.
+If someone is well-informed about what they are selling or giving away, then he thinks they should have the right to sell their data, or exchange it for something they want.
+But figuring out how to manage the data from someone’s brain won’t be easy, says Rommelfanger at Emory University. General rules and guidelines are not likely to be the way to go, she says. More than 20 frameworks, guidelines, principles have been developed to handle neuroscience, she says. Many tackle such things as “mental privacy” and mental “liberty” — the freedom to control your own mental life.
+Such guidelines are thoughtful, Rommelfanger says. Still, technologies differ in what they can do and what their possible impacts will be. For now, she says, one-size-fits-all solutions don’t exist. Instead, each company or research group may need to work through ethical issues as their use of brain data progresses. She and her colleagues have recently proposed five questions that researchers can ask themselves to begin thinking about these ethical issues. Their questions ask people to consider how new technology might be used outside of a lab, for instance.
+Moving forward on developing the technology is essential, Rommelfanger believes. “More than my fear of a privacy violation, my fear is about diminished public trust that could undermine all of the good this technology could do.”
+Not being clear on the ethics of mining brain data is unlikely to slow the pace of the coming neurotech rush. But thoughtful consideration of whether it’s appropriate to do so could help determine what’s to come. It could also help protect what makes us most human.
+This project on ethics and science was supported by the Kavli Foundation.
+Profile Muslims in Burma, most of whom are Sunni, constitute at least 4 per cent of the country’s entire population,…+ LEARN MORE
+Profile
+Muslims in Burma, most of whom are Sunni, constitute at least 4 per cent of the country’s entire population, with the largest concentration in the north of Rakhine State (also known as Arakan), especially around Maungdaw, Buthidaung, Rathedaung, Akyab and Kyauktaw.
+There are a number of distinct Muslim communities in Burma, not all of which share the same cultural or ethnic background. While the country’s largest Muslim population resides in Rakhine State, it is actually made up of two distinct groups: those whose ancestors appear to be long established, going back hundreds and hundreds of years, and others whose ancestors arrived more recently during the British colonial period (from 1824 until 1948).
+The majority of Muslims in Rakhine State refer to themselves as ‘Rohingya’: their language (Rohingya) is derived from the Bengali language and is similar to the Chittagonian dialect spoken in nearby Chittagong, in Bangladesh. Rohingya consider themselves to be indigenous to the region, whereas the Burmese government and Buddhist nationalists view them as descendants of people who arrived during the British colonial administration. A second group of Muslims in Rakhine State does not consider themselves as Rohingya, as they speak Rakhine which is closely related to the Burmese language, claim their ancestors have lived in the state for many centuries, and tend to share similar customs to the Rakhine Buddhists. They identify themselves as ‘Arakanese Muslims’, ‘Burmese Muslims’ or simply ‘Muslims’.
+There are additionally other distinct groups of Muslim minorities throughout much of the country, and in particular in most Burmese cities or towns. Most of these disparate, though at times quite substantial, groups are the descendants of ‘migrants’ from various parts of what is now India and Bangladesh, though they may have been established for generations in the country.
+Many of these latter groups of Muslims speak Burmese and/or their language of origin. Some of them, however, have gravitated to some degree into the linguistic and cultural spheres of other minorities. In Karen State, for example, many Muslims have integrated into Karen communities, speak Karen, and sometimes refer to themselves as ‘Black Karen’.
+Historical context
+Rohingya and most Muslims whose ancestors originate from India and Bangladesh would have been considered as citizens of Burma under the 1948 Constitution and civilian administration until the military coup d’état of 1962. Their status was subsequently downgraded under the 1974 Constitution, which does not officially recognize them, and the Citizenship Act of 1982, which states that citizens must belong to one of 135 ‘national races’ as recognized under the constitution, or whose ancestors settled in the country before 1823. Given the lack of documentation to satisfy the latter requirement, the result has been a hugely discriminatory denial of citizenship for most Rohingya and many other Muslims, effectively rendering them stateless. As a result, they have faced numerous discriminatory obstacles in access to education, health, travel, many areas of employment and even in terms of receiving permits allowing them to get married.
+The cycle of violence, rebellion and crackdown by authorities which has marked much of Burma’s history following the end of civilian rule, as well as the particular repressive and systematic measures against Muslims – and Rohingya in particular – resulted in waves of hundreds of thousands, perhaps even over a million, fleeing to Bangladesh in the 1960s, 1980s and 1990s. In 1991, for example, a crackdown on Rohingya may have resulted in as many as 250,000 refugees taking shelter in the Cox’s Bazaar district of neighbouring Bangladesh. While most were subsequently repatriated to Burma, some are still in exile in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, with smaller numbers in Thailand and Malaysia. International pressure on the Burmese government to stop military action and begin a process to enable the Muslim population to return home has meant most of these have been repatriated, though some reports suggest that many returns were not voluntary. Reports from organizations such as Refugees International and Human Rights Watch indicate there were severe and systematic abuses of the refugees by camp officials, the police and the local population.
+Since 1982 and their loss of citizenship, Rohingya have been systematically persecuted and oppressed. They have been particularly targeted for atrocities committed by the Burmese army (the tatmadaw) such as torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and punishment, extra-judicial killing and summary execution, arbitrary arrest and detention, rape, destruction of homes, forced labour, forced relocation and eviction, and confiscation of land and property.
+State Peace and Development Council/State Law and Order Restoration Council (SPDC/SLORC) policies since the 1990s appear to be aimed at reducing the presence of Muslims in Rakhine State through a series of discriminatory policies: large areas of arable land are expropriated, usually without any or with inadequate compensation. These areas were either left to revert to jungle, used for military and police camps, plantations, shrimp farms and other economic projects controlled by military interests, or handed over as part of a massive colonization project to settle Buddhists in ‘model villages’ on lands confiscated from Rohingya in the northern part of Rakhine State. Since this colonization project is part of official government policy, the (mainly) Buddhist families in these model villages not only benefitted from ‘free’ land (about 4 acres), they also received a pair of oxen and a house – the latter sometimes constructed by Rohingya of neighbouring villages through forced, unpaid labour.
+The religious activities of these minorities have also severely curtailed. Many mosques and religious schools have been demolished since the 1980s, and repairs to them are often prohibited. There have been substantiated reports of waqf land (mosque land) and Muslim cemeteries being appropriated by authorities, as well as Muslim monuments, place names and historical sites being destroyed.
+Travel restrictions were also imposed in 2001, which has increased the intensity of the breaches of human rights for Rohingya in particular. Many of the areas of northern Rakhine State where Rohingya are concentrated have been subjected to travel restrictions, so that travelling from one place to another without a pass is banned. Because of the difficulty in obtaining these passes, which have to be paid for, visits to hospitals, doctors and markets, employment opportunities and even the ability to attend school beyond the primary level have all been drastically curtailed. This is especially true at the higher education level. As the capital, Sittwe, has the only university in Rakhine State, Rohingya students living outside the capital are effectively unable to join university on a full-time basis because of the travel restrictions and can only study through distance education: even if, in theory, they could obtain a pass to sit their examinations in the capital, in practice they face serious difficulties in obtaining such passes.
+The denial of the basic human rights of Rohingya and some other Muslims has not been limited to the actions of the army. Government policy and regulations – often associated with the discriminatory refusal to recognize them as citizens – have a knock-on effect on other rights: Rohingya do not have an automatic right to education, work or necessary social services. Because they are considered non-citizens, even their right to marry is in fact obstructed, since they must obtain a variety of authorizations before being issued a ‘marriage permit’, which may take years.
+Lack of citizenship has meant that for the last couple of decades most Rohingya and many other Muslims have been excluded from a large number of employment categories: public school teachers, university lecturers, government doctors and health personnel, and most other government employment opportunities are restricted to citizens; thus in practice Rohingya are banned from all of these jobs because of the discriminatory nature of the citizenship requirements.
+Current issues
+The Rohingya are considered to be one of the most persecuted minorities on the planet. Tensions between Rohingya and Buddhist Arakanese in Rakhine State have led to large-scale attacks on Rohingya. Though violence often grows from back-and-forth retaliations, it has quickly developed into a humanitarian crisis with hundreds of thousands of mostly Rohingya Muslims driven from their homes.
+In May 2012, a Rakhine woman was raped and murdered; the assailants were reported to have been three Muslim men. A week later, an incensed Rakhine mob attacked a bus and beat to death 10 men perceived to be Muslim. The violence sparked a series of retaliatory attacks. According to official estimates, the attacks left 80 people dead and displaced a further 90,000, mostly Rohingya, by the end of the month. Aid workers warned of a burgeoning humanitarian crisis for Rohingya Muslims fleeing the violence. Conditions in temporary camps were described as ‘alarming’, with health experts expressing particular concern over malnutrition rates among displaced Rohingya.
+The violence saw many Rohingya attempt to flee Myanmar in boats, only to be turned back by neighbouring Bangladesh, where tens of thousands of displaced Rohingya already lived in official and unofficial refugee camps. In a report based on interviews with fleeing Rohingya, the UK-based Equal Rights Trust charged that the military had not only turned a blind eye to the violence against Rohingya, but that it had actively participated in ‘state-sponsored violence’ against them
+Hundreds of Rohingya Muslims were also arbitrarily jailed in 2012 after a wave of clashes with Buddhist Arakanese, with the majority of those killed and arrested being Muslim. The UN Special Rapporteur for human rights in Burma, Tomas Quintana, who toured the country in October 2012, cited evidence of ‘systematic torture’ against Rohingya inmates. Other reports indicated that many Rohingya prisoners had died in detention.
+The eruption of anti-Muslim violence in 2012 corresponded with the launch of a Human Rights Watch report that accused the state of colluding in a campaign of ‘ethnic cleansing’ against Rohingya Muslims. A state-backed investigation published around the same time blamed the violence on ‘contentious border issues with Bangladesh’ and fears that Bengalis – referring to Rohingyas – were planning to take over the state through overpopulation. Shortly afterwards, the government reaffirmed its ‘two-child policy’ for Rohingya, further promoting a xenophobic narrative of Muslims in the country.
+The violence against Rohingya spread to a number of Burma’s cities, resulting in religious segregation and increased marginalization of non-Buddhists around the country. Over 140,000 Muslims were expelled from cities in Rakhine State, while thousands more are in isolated ghetto-like camps outside Sittwe, Rakhine State’s capital. A fraction of Sittwe’s Muslims – who until the violence comprised almost half of its population – remained in Aung Mingalar, now the city’s only Muslim neighourhood, which they were not allowed to leave. Many shops and businesses belonging to Rohingya Muslims in Sittwe were destroyed or taken over by Buddhists.
+Burma’s Muslim population has also been targeted in Mandalay, Burma’s second largest city, where an estimated 200,000 Muslims reside. In July 2014, violence erupted following allegations that a Buddhist woman had been raped by two Muslim teashop owners, leading to the deaths of two men and many more being injured in apparent riots by Buddhist gangs. However, unlike previous riots that have escalated into large-scale communal violence, most Mandalay residents refused to participate and locals tried to defuse the situation. Nonetheless, the riots had a crippling impact on the economic lives of the city’s Muslims, many of whom run family shops and businesses.
+Other government policies have also been a cause for concern. Muslims frequently report various problems in securing National Registration Card (NRCs),.
+In April 2014, the government reneged on a promise to allow minorities the right to self-identify in the country’s first census in over 30 years. Instead, some 1 million Rohingya were told to register as ‘Bengalis’, indicating that they are illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, or be excluded. A government scheme to grant citizenship to Rohingya Muslims has similarly demanded that they accept the government’s designated ethnic term. In early 2015, some half a million Rohingya Muslims were stripped of their temporary identification cards and remaining voting rights, spelling disaster for the largely stateless community.
+Millions of ethnic and religious minority individuals were prevented from voting in the November 2015 poll, as a result of either conflict or discriminatory electoral rules. Notably, hundreds of thousands of temporary identity card holders – mostly Rohingya Muslims in western Burma, but also ethnic Indian and Chinese residents – were stripped of their voting rights due to concerns about their citizenship. This represented a complete change of policy from all previous elections, including the 1990 election won by the National League for Democracy (NLD) but later annulled by the junta. The decision was broadly viewed as an effort to placate escalating hostility towards Rohingya. By June 2015, some 100,000 were estimated to have fled the country by boat since the outbreak of communal violence in 2012, culminating in Southeast Asia’s worst refugee crisis in decades.
+In Rakhine state, Rohingya Muslims live in isolated ghettos and unsanitary displacement camps, which they can only leave if they have an official permit. The community does not have access to higher education, healthcare and employment opportunities, let alone the right to practise their culture freely. The Myanmar government, which describes the minority as ‘Bengalis’, has led a systematic campaign to erase the Rohingya name and ethnic identity from the country’s history. Rohingyas are prevented from marrying, bearing children or accessing medical care without official permission, and security forces have been implicated in mass violence against them. A report by the advocacy group Fortify Rights concluded that there was ‘strong evidence’ that genocide was taking place, calling on the UN to set up a commission of inquiry to investigate abuses.
+The situation of Burma’s Rohingya continued only to deteriorate, stoked by brutal and indiscriminate military assaults that have continued since the NLD came to power. On 9 October 2016, an attack on three border posts in Maungdaw district in northern Rakhine State left nine officers dead, setting off retaliatory military operations, a renewed state of emergency and denial of access to journalists, monitors and aid workers to the area. Government security forces, blaming the attacks on a Rohingya militant group, responded by conducting violent village sweeps, including the use of helicopter gunners, summarily killing, raping and torturing civilians and burning 430 buildings. The government said it had arrested 300 Rohingya suspects. At the end of the year, according to the UN, 130,000 men, women and children were being denied aid, and 30,000 are likely displaced in these restricted areas.
+These events were the worst since the massive 2012 violence against Rohingya, which many have called crimes against humanity that could amount to ethnic cleansing and genocide. State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi has been widely criticized for her response to these and subsequent atrocities, denying that any violations have taken place. A government commission launched towards the end of 2016 subsequently found that no human rights abuses had occurred – a conclusion that many rights activists condemned as a whitewash.achin Independence Army (KIA) and a humanitarian mission to Chin State, were charged in April 2016 for illegally crossing into India and associating with banned organizations. They were sentenced to two years with labour for each charge, in what many have called an intimidation tactic for their peaceful activism. In April 2017, two Islamic schools, madrassas, were closed by the authorities in Yangon’s Thaketa Township after demonstrations by Buddhist ultranationalists. In addition, since 2012, there has been a rising number of villages where locals, backed by the authorities, have erected signboards warning Muslims not to enter. At least 21 cases have been documented by local activists..
+In 2017, the situation facing Rohingya worsened drastically, with catastrophic consequences for the community..
+By the end of September 2017, nearly half a million Rohingya had fled the country, with the UN condemning the Burmese government for its deliberate policy of ethnic cleansing. With the total Rohingya population in Burma having been estimated to be approximately 1.2 million, this meant that over a third of the community had been evicted from the country in the space of little more than a month, while tens of thousands had also been displaced within the country’s borders.
+In the months that followed, , the United Nations Office of the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) reported that a total of approximately 745,000 Rohingya, including some 400,000 children, fled into the narrow strip of land around Cox’s Bazaar in Bangladesh. As of March 2019, over 909,000 Rohingya lived in camps in the area. They live mostly in 34 extremely crowded settlements, including the largest single site, the Kutupalong-Balukhali Expansion Site, where approximately 626,500 Rohingya refugees live. Many are extremely traumatised, having seen whole villages burned to the ground, and families forcibly separated with women and girls being subjected to gang rapes.
+In addition, by spring 2018, there were approximately 120,000 Rohingya internally displaced, mainly restricted to crowded camps in Rakhine state. Without freedom of movement, they lack access to employment and essential services, including health care and education. The government has claimed that they are free to move around, as long as they hold a National Verification Card (NVC). These cards were introduced as part of a Citizenship Verification Programme, launched in 2014; however, they require Rohingya to self-identify as ‘Bengalis’. The government states that they are a necessary first step before applying for citizenship, promising that it can be obtained within 5 months. Most Rohingya question why they should have to go through this process, when their families have lived in the country for generations and their parents held NRCs.
+The destruction of villages appears to be a particularly deliberate and targeted tactic. Using satellite imagery, Human Rights Watch recorded a total of 354 villages having been burned to the ground by the end of 2017. At least 118 were either partially or completely destroyed after 5 September when the government had stated that it was ending its clearance operations. A further report in February 2018 concluded that at least 55 villages had been bulldozed. Local activists recorded mass grave sites also being destroyed in a clear effort to remove evidence of atrocities. calls for Myanmar military generals to be investigated for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Indeed, the mission chairperson Marzuki Darusman stated at the end of 2018 that there was an ‘ongoing genocide’ in Rakhine State. The report was met by total denials from the Myanmar authorities. Some months later, the mission members went to Cox’s Bazaar to report directly to members of the Rohingya community.
+In October 2018 there were moves by the Bangladesh government to begin returning Rohingya refugees to Myanmar. A repatriation agreement between the two governments was reached by January 2018. The Myanmar authorities had apparently stated that they would be receiving 1,500 Rohingya per week, although human rights activists feared that the returnees would simply end up in camps for the displaced. When the first trucks with returnees were meant to leave in November, no Rohingya were willing to go..
+Also in February, 2019, the UN launched an investigation.
+Updated June 2019
+Minorities and indigenous peoples in
+< Myanmar/Burma
+Peoples under Threat map
+Our interactive map highlights countries most at risk of genocide and mass killing.See where Myanmar/Burma ranks
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+obligated. I spent the past 65 yrs fulfilling obligations to family & career. God granted me this blessing of complete peace. I am not going to
+waste it!! I am hoping ya’ll will give me some suggestions or advice. Thanks so much! Like being alone but not lonely..
+A little humorous that I should come across all this today. I read in a book on old age how hard it is to make friends in older age, to find others with similar interests. And I truly think it is. With that said: I pretty much could have written your post. Except for the 50-year friendship (you are fortunate — most people don’t even have one friendship of 20 years). I’m very sorry it broke up. Anyway, I don’t know what to tell you. I’m almost 70, I retired 13 years ago, I moved out of my home state (and I have no regrets), and I’ve been without a good friend ever since. Also, I don’t have any family. I did all the traveling I ever wanted to do when I was in my 20s and 30s, so I don’t even have travel to look forward to. :-) I get very lonely every so often but I am far from miserable. BUT my saving grace is that I am a voracious reader of non-fiction, AND I have MANY interests. I also love getting my car and exploring my gorgeous new home state. Also, for the past few years, I’ve been working on getting my city’s Christian churches to DO something for their aging members — most of their members are 60+ but the churches act like they older member don’t exist. //// I’m also fortunate in that I live in the best city to grow old in in The US. (My state and city don’t have good medical care, but if ya don’t mind dying relatively young, this is a GREAT city for old people. LOL) //// You’re only 65. I still felt young at 65. When you’re 70, you may not be so happy you could bust. I also doubt that you currently live in complete peace — if you did, you wouldn’t be on this board. :-) But the good news is that: you are an introvert and that is going to be a huge blessing as the years go by. Most of my peers who I am acquainted with are alone and miserable. So — count your big blessing.
+I’ve noticed that you feel less alone when you give or receive hugs.
+Nailed it!! I’d like to add one to your list. When I am out and about I wear a real smile and make eye contact with strangers, and even just give them a greeting. In most cases I get a positive reaction which creates a flow of positive energy between me and the stranger. I usually arrive home feeling more positive energy in my heart. I have found that when I do not do this exercise I usually arrive home feeling very tired and my loneliness sets in again. Just being kind to others who don’t expect it makes me feel more alive.
+Thank you, Luna, for being there for me/us, the loners of the world.
+Much love to you and Sol.
+I do this too, Lorraine. :-)
+Whenever I go to interact with others as my true self, they seem nice temporarily but then they evolve into pricks, continuing the cycle of feeling like shit. So honestly, I never need other people and I’d be chill living by myself. The main issue is, I can’t. I’m stuck in a place I don’t feel I belong in, with people I don’t get along with. So it’s hard to not feel lonely. I know that I have been and always will be there for myself. Sometimes, that doesn’t seem to be enough though. Not particularly because I feel like I’m not enough, but because I just continue to crave contact no matter how many reasons I try to come up with for it. I legit have no reason to want company. In fact, I don’t have any friends currently because of being stuffed around so many times. As for my family, it is small (made up of only 3 people currently, me included in that 3) but just as drama-filled as any other. I just, reeeeaaally fucking hate everybody. I hate that I feel the need to have company. I didn’t ask for this feeling. It just, exists, without reason. Maybe if I stop focusing on it it’ll go away, idk. Not that I am particularly focused on it, with all the work I have to do. Idk. I just feel like a people puppet all the time. “Yo look, it’s the legit person, time to fuck them up because I feel like it.” That type of shit. Whoopdedoo, I don’t feel lonely anymore, just pissed. Yep. Fucking hate everyone here. Don’t need them. They’re worthless piles of shit trying to plant themselves on top of me to pin me down for their entertainment. Ain’t nobody got time fo’ dat. Maybe it’s kindness I miss? Nah, people are nice all the time, just temporarily and falsely. I wanna meet some real people someday. These guys are just 2D props with issues.
+I like how you express yourself.
+Today I felt the shock of my life when I realised that people I called friend were no where near that word. I feel so lonely that I feel like dying. My life has always being like this. I sometimes wonder if there is something wrong with me. I strongly believe that there is no hope for me
+You are the reason why these things happen to you. How? you might ask. Its the law of attraction. Its a mindset. You need to change your believe that it happens to you all the time and that there’s no hope for you. I used to think like you and it kept me back for so long with great pain. I promise you it will never stop until you change your thinking and your confessions. There is hope for you. Read “The Secret” and thank God.
+How about the basic shitty systematic crap u can find anywhere abut the same answers to that every question u ever had about the same shit over and over… :/ How about reality of things? Where nothing ever actually will get any better or fixed cuz of the fucking looping system we’re born to, and forced to live our whole fucking lives as robots, paying taxes regardless of our income or country, so that rich fucks can be richer?!! What about ppl that already been through it? Guess they simply vanished, cuz they don’t fit ur fucking selfish agenda of the cunts that u are!!! Fuck off with ur politically correct censorship crap :/ its exactly what im talking about. Life was never meant to be any better for anyone other than the fucking corrupted scum that enjoy the high life since birth.
+I have a big family and one best friend who lives far away I have a job that I love but I still feel lonely some times I can’t tell them what my problems are because they don’t understand so I try to deal with them myself I am single sometimes I think I I had a partner I would feel not do lonely but at the end of the day the sadness in my heart I know it’s up to me to make me happy.
+hi I’ve read your article and it is useful thank U i hope you have advices for feeling lonely in the morning when i wake up :)
+I like how you express yourself.
+I am a 39 year old single male.I emigrated to a foreign country when I was 23 through a newspaper add, not because I was desperate for more money or a better life but because I always felt betrayed and suffocated by all the hypocrisy around those so called friends.I preferred to get away from it all.Those so called friends never thought I would go away, that some how I was buried under all the sh.t they enjoy talking about and call life,which is simply talking bad and judging others…At the beginning I will not lie, it is a bit hard being by yourself, but better being by myself than being a coward that prefers to be around evil people who keep putting you down, only because they are too afraid to be alone.We are born alone and we will die alone.The only person that matters in my life is my mother and if it wasn’t for her I would never give those pr…s a chance to speak or see me again.We have to try to be happy in the simple things we find and love, be kind to the less fortunate, be thankful for what you got cos there is always someone else less fortunate than you, if you have faith you know you are never alone, you will always have God as your friend.And please just if only…just be yourself…You are one of a kind and if people don’t like it they don’t deserve a second of your precious time…Peace and love each other…as He loves you….
+I shared this post on my Facebook this morning, as I felt I really was in need of a refresher course.
+Hi Luna, this article is so sweet and awesome! This is definitely going in my bookmarks. Hope you are having a good.
+It’s a wonderful feeling to enjoy your own company. You can never truly be alone then.!!
+<3 I'm so glad Raeda! My very best wishes for your health and happiness.
+That picture is so beautiful I saved it.
+Region News
+- Details
+- Hits: 1167
+USMC Toys for Tots ‘2020 Teddy Bear Road Rally’
+By Peter Schneider
+December 6, 2020 marked the 30th annual ‘Toys for Tots’ Teddy Bear Road Rally, hosted by Northern New Jersey Region of the SCCA and Motorsport Club of North Jersey. This year’s sponsor and the sponsor for the past eight years was Route 46 Subaru in Hackettstown, New Jersey.
+Forty-nine (49) teams competed on this year’s event, and it looks like the event was a little harder than anticipated because not one of the teams ran the rally ‘clean’, everyone fell for at least one of the seven planned route following traps.
+The NNJR-SCCA/MCNJ’s ‘Toys for Tots’ Teddy Bear Rally is the longest running charity rally associated with SCCA and the longest running event hosted by Northern New Jersey Region and the second longest rally conducted by the same event organizer (Ted Goddard organized the New England Region’s Cover Bridge Rally for forty-nine years). Since 1990 NNJR-SCCA/MCNJ has collected over 3,700 toys with an estimated value of $27,000. This year alone we raised in excess of $1,800.00, due to the generous support of the rally community. We hope to continue the event for many years to come.
+This event is a simple to follow RoadRally using the back roads of Morris, Warren and Hunterdon Counties. The event started at 46 SUBARU in Hackettstown/Budd Lake and ended about 57 miles later at the Long Valley Brew Pub in the center of Long Valley, NJ.
+The rally is open to the general public and requires only a car or light truck with a working odometer and a pen/pencil to compete. The event is not a Time-Speed-Distance (TSD) rally, but a lightly trapped Social ‘gimmick’ rally. The entry fee, per car, is a brand new Teddy Bear or new toy, worth at least $35.00 retail which is donated to the USMC Reserve Toys for Tots Program.
+‘Toys ‘Toys for Tots’ in 1948 and expanded it into a nationwide campaign.
+The Teddy Bear rally is a mileage based course rally. 100 points are ‘awarded’ for each mile variance from the official route. The contestants note their car’s odometer reading, and email blasts on Constant Contact we have been able to maintain a steady list of entries for our events.
+Since inception, the ‘Toys for Tots’ rally has used ‘Photo Clues’ (a format barrowed from the Metro Porsche Club - Snowflake Rally which has been run for the past 65 years) to provide contestants a little extra challenge. These Photo Clues can be compared to ‘Lettered Route Instructions’ used on SCCA National Course events. The Photos are of signs/scenes along the rally route which the ‘Onto’ rule and reversed numbered route instructions. Needless to say all route ‘traps’ are self-correcting, with the difference in the official on-course vs off-course mileage helping separate the scores.
+This year event had only four legs, an odometer leg and three scored legs that contained simple route following traps, and could be driven in about 2 hours. Since some of the route following traps ‘short cutted’ the route several teams were able to finish the event in less time.
+Due to Covid-19 precautions the route instructions and all event paperwork were emailed out to the 35 teams that signed up for the event in advance, the idea was to limit personal interaction the day of the event.
+Leg 1
+The first route following trap on the rally was a simple reversed Route Instruction numbering trap. Since this happened at the very beginning of the event, it caught the majority of the teams, including several experienced teams. Inst #2 and Inst #3 were listed on the Instruction Sheet ‘out of order’.If you did not notice the ‘trap’ you made a R out of the 46 Subaru dealership and turned R FOPP on Harris Lane, and a L FOPP just like we have done in the past and then came to the SIG at Route 46 and Naughright Rd. (Inst #4). If you did notice that the instructions were out of order, you make a R out of the driveway and a L FOPP (at SIG) and then a R FOPP (on Drakestown Rd). You then traveled downhill on Drakestown Rd to a Forced R on Route 46 East to the SIG at Route 46 and Naughright Rd. (Inst #4). Either way you did Inst #2 and Inst #3 you would now be looking to execute the first Special Instruction which was Photo A the crossroad sign for Flocktown Rd. Falling for this trap caused the contestants to short cut the route by 2.44 miles.
+The second trap was a Special Instruction Clue – Photo B. The three signs shown in Photo B were all attached to a Telephone Pole and per the Cover Sheet were not valid and should have been ignored. If you did notice that the Special Instruction Clue was not valid you would have proceeded straight at the intersection of Stephensburg Rd and executed Instruction #7 on Route 57 East. If you did not notice the Telephone Pole, you made a right on Stephensburg Rd prior to executing a right for Instruction #7 on Route 57 East. Falling for this trap caused the contestants to short cut the route by 3.9 miles.
+The third trap was also based on a Special Instruction Clue, Inst #9, ‘R FOPP after passing the sign in PHOTO C’. There were two blue signs for the Rockport Train Wreck Memorial. The correct sign was immediately after you turn left on Hazen Rd. If you noticed that sign you would have made the 1st right turn to remain on Hazen Rd. If you missed that sign there was a second one a little further down the road. By turning after the second sign you would have made a right on Blau Rd and gone ‘off-course’. No matter which signed you turned after, everyone made a Left at STOP an Inst #10 and got back on-course for Inst # 11. The penalty of the trap was only 0.30 miles under the official route.
+The next self-correcting trap was Inst #13 ‘L FOPP after Parke Rd’, to execute this instruction correctly you need to pass the actual road (since we told you to turn after the actual road and not the road sign) and turn left on Janes Chapel Rd, and not turn after the sign for Parke Rd, which would have put you on Parke Rd. No matter where you turned, Inst #14 put you on Valley Rd heading towards Inst #15. Falling for this trap resulted in the teams short cutting the route by 0.90 miles.
+Leg 2
+The first trap in Leg 2 involved twoSpecial Instruction Clues (Photos D & E) which were activate at the same time. While Photo E was the second one listed, the sign depicted “CIRCA 1865” was the 1st sign you should have seen. “CIRCA 1865” was hard to see on the side of a house at #189 Mitchell Rd. If you missed “CIRCA 1865” sign your would have encountered “SHY HOUND FARM” sign and turned left on Hoffman Rd. Either way, the route self-corrected by heading north on Route 629. Failing to see the sign in Photo E you would have added 2.7 mileages (270 mileage points) to your score
+The sixth trap of the rally was a simple “Onto” instruction. Inst #19 ‘L onto Watters Road’, since you were placed onto a road by name or number, you should have remain onto Watters when it turned left at the intersection of Watters Road &Heiser Road. The rally reconnected after everyone turned left on Route 57 East. This also added 90 mileage points (over mileage) to your score.
+Leg 3
+The seventh and last trap of the event occurred just after Inst #26. There was a Special Instruction Clue that instructed you to turn left after passing “PHOTO F”. Per the General Instructions, words and/or numbers contained between quotes refer to a sign and not an object. So instead of turning after the black and yellow tractor sign depicted in Photo F, which was a red herring, you should have turned after a sign that contained the words PHOTO F. Yes, this was a little tricky, and the 1st time in 30 years that a trap of this type was used on the Teddy Bear Rally. Only one Expert Team (Jim and Rose Wakemen) did this trap correctly.
+Leg 4
+This was the Odometer Leg. No route following traps on this leg, but it did include two simple Photo Clues which needed to be correctly executed to stay on-course. Everyone got a zero on this leg. Since the rally organizers utilize an Excel Spreadsheet to compare the contestant’s leg mileage to the official mileage, any leg that does not contain a route following trap can be used as the odometer leg
+Final Results
+The rally is scored by totaling the team’s mileage penalty (using an absolute value formula) for each leg, the rallymaster cannot mix ‘over’ and ‘under’ mileage traps in the same leg, else they will cancel each out.
+The event was scored in three classes: Novice, Intermediate and Expert, with Special Awards for Best First Timer, Best Subaru, Best Porsche, Best Family, Best Husband & Wife/Partners and Dead Last But Finished. Since this was the thirtieth (30th) year each of the eight teams that got ‘Place Awards’ (four deep in Novice Class and 2 deep in Expert and Intermediate) received a framed Toys For Tots poster and two medals to hang around their necks. All Special Award receipts received medals.
+SCCA-NNJR and the Motorsport Club of North Jersey would like to thank all that participated in the event along with Eric and Pat Sjogren who were Safety Stewarts for the event and worked two Passage Controls, Bob Shore who ran sweep and my wife Joanne Schneider who checkout the event with me several times and worked registration and her assistance with the event for the past 30 years.
+
+Research
+Computerised – Water conditioning for NFT
+Various ‘Water Conditioning Units’ are marketed these days to the hydroponics industry. Dr Lynette Morgan put one unit to the test on an NFT lettuce crop, and came up with some interesting results.
+Introduction
+There are many ‘high tech’ products appearing on the market these days, which may or may not have a useful role to play in increasing yields and quality from hydroponic systems. Since science does not yet fully understand all aspects of plant physiology, particularly at a physical and molecular level, and new aspects of crop growth are still being researched, then there exists a wide scope to increase the efficiency of our hydroponic food production.
+One area which is the subject of a great deal of scientific research is plant nutrition. This, combined with other aspects of hydroponic production such as water quality and mineral uptake, are important areas where new developments are currently taking place. At Suntec Hydroponics in New Zealand, a scientific trial was recently conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a computerised water conditioner (distributed by CALCLEAR P/L in Australia) on NFT grown lettuce crops. The trials yielded some interesting results, which could be beneficial to hydroponic producers.
+These types of computerised water conditioners, which have their origins in aeronautical technology, have been used for some time now, both in commercial and domestic situations, to soften hard water and remove lime scale from pipes and other equipment, without the use of chemicals. An early indication that these water conditioner units may be of use in the hydroponic industry was when hydroponic lettuce farms in the Sydney area noticed that within a ten day period, blockages that were caused by algae attached to limescale in the system had been dislodged by the effect of the conditioner units. The trials we carried out at Suntec have revealed that these units have other, more significant effects on lettuce plant growth, one of which includes reducing the incidence and severity of the physiology disorder ‘tip-burn’.
+The Experiment
+Hydroponic producers commonly use a variety of water sources for nutrient formulations. Rain water is usually considered to be the optimum water source for hydroponics by most growers and consultants, however many producers are forced to use bore water of less acceptable quality.
+The composition of the water source can cause serious problems in hydroponic production, where the nutrient is constantly recirculated. This is because, as the solution is taken up by the plants and more water is added, elements which are not essential for plant growth tend to accumulate, eventually producing toxic levels. For this reason, and because the CALCLEAR computerised water conditioner units have a beneficial effect on mineral water sources, we ran this trial using two water sources – rain water and water from a bore, which would normally be considered as unsuitable for hydroponic lettuce production.
+One of the other major objectives of these trials was to determine if the water conditioner units would reduce the occurrence and severity of tip-burn, which many growers encounter during the warmer months of the year. Tip-burn is a browning and drying of the leaf margins, often occurring as the heads reach harvest. This disorder is more prevalent on butter head cultivars and can results in the loss of a large percentage of a crop. Tip-burn is a calcium transport problem within the plant and is not caused by inadequate levels of calcium in the nutrient solution. Tip-burn damage occurs when the foliage is losing water into the air faster than the roots can take it up or, in high humidity and low water loss conditions, when the transpiration stream is restricted and thus tip-burn results.
+There are many theories behind why such a calcium transport problem exists – most are based on the structure and conductance properties of the xylem tissue which carries the calcium in the transpiration stream, but it seems that internal plant properties and environmental conditions play a major role. In hearting lettuce, such as butter head, transpiration of the expanding leaves within the head is limited by surrounding leaves, especially under high humidity conditions, and tip-burn can be severe on these crops if allowed to stand too long before cutting.
+The lettuce crops in these trials where monitored for a wide range of other yield and quality factors, to determine firstly what benefit the computerised water conditioners may have on crop growth, and secondly the scientific explanation for any such results.
+Materials & Methods
+There were four treatments in these trials, which were replicated in a ‘complete randomised block, split/split plot’ experimental design. While this required an NFT system to be built which comprised four separate tanks, pumps, associated gullies and pipes, it was imperative that the correct scientific procedures and design were carried out, so that the data obtained was completely unbiased and would stand up to scientific scrutiny.
+Quite often we read reports of new products which have been tested simply by handing them over to commercial growers to have a ‘try’, with the results being reported in detail. Unfortunately, unless the trial has been replicated and run on a properly designed system, with a comparison to a control standard and appropriate statistical analysis, then these types of trials have little scientific merit. It’s a good idea if you are looking at the information provided by manufacturers, to find how their ‘scientific’ trials were carried out and whether they were properly run – ‘scientifically proven’ doesn’t always mean what you expect.
+The Treatments
+The four treatments designed to test the water conditioners were:
+- A rain water-based nutrient (lettuce formula) – this is the control treatment against which comparisons are made.
+- A rain water-based nutrient (lettuce formula) with a CALCLEAR digital water conditioner unit attached.
+- A bore water-based (lettuce formula) nutrient solution – control treatment.
+- A bore water-based (lettuce formula) nutrient solution with a CALCLEAR digital water conditioner unit attached.
+The Objectives
+The objectives of these two trials were to determine the effect of the CALCLEAR computerised water conditioner (Digital units) on two successive crops of hydroponic lettuce, grown in both rain and bore water-based systems, by assessment of the following variables:
+- Total and marketable yield.
+- Nutrient uptake and accumulation within plant tissue.
+- Incidence and severity of foliar tip-burn under unfavourable environmental conditions.
+- Flavour, by occurrence of bitter components in harvested crops.
+- Shelf life of the harvested crop.
+- Colour intensity of red coral lettuce.
+- Nutrient and foliar mineral analysis, including monitoring of sodium levels.
+- 8. Effect on conductivity and pH levels of each treatment.
+- Incidence of botrytis disease on the winter grown crop.
+- Crop timing.
+- Examination of plant xylem tissue.
+- Incidence of premature plant bolting.
+The System
+The NFT system consisted of four treatment tanks, each with its own pump and delivery supply and return system. The crop was divided into three replications, with one gully of each of the four treatments in each replication. Each treatment had 3 randomised gullies, with each gully having a randomised block of 16 plants (48 plants per treatment, per planting). The summer crop consisted of the Butter head variety ‘Buttercrunch’ and the winter crop consisted of both ‘Buttercrunch’ and a red coral variety ‘Lollo Rossa’.
+All plants were raised in a sterilised bark media for 3 – 5 weeks, when they were transplanted into the NFT system. Seedlings of the same size were selected for inclusion in the trial and randomly assigned a treatment. The CALCLEAR digital units were installed as instructed by the manufacturer, by fitting the unit onto the flow of the NFT system, ensuring that the antennae wound around the flow pipe were at least one metre from the electric pump motor. These units were in operation 2 days after transplanting the seedlings.
+All nutrient solutions had the conductivity maintained within the 18 – 22 (1.8 – 2.2 mS/cm) range for the life of the crop. Pest (aphid and whitefly) control was carried out as required on both crops. The summer-grown crop was planted on 6th February 1998 and all treatments harvested on 8th April 1998. The following crop was planted on 24th April 1998, with harvest occurring on 13th July and 8th August 1998. Both crops were grown under standard greenhouse conditions, with air and solution temperatures monitored on a daily basis.
+Crop Measurements
+During each crop, the solution conductivity and pH was monitored and adjusted, so that all treatments were consistent with each other. A complete solution analysis was carried out on three occasions for each crop, to ensure no mineral deficiencies occurred during crop production (i.e to ensure adequate nutrients were present in the solutions, and to determine any effect of the conditioner units on mineral content over time). A foliar mineral analysis was carried out at the completion of each crop to determine if any differences in mineral accumulation had occurred between treatments (Both solution and foliar mineral analysis was carried out by R. J. Hill Laboratories in New Zealand).
+Top: Monitoring of the (summer) water conditioning NFT lettuce trial
+Below, Left to Right: The first sign of tip burn, Area of tip-burn growing in size and severity, More servere tip burn.
+Data Collection
+Crop 1 (Jan – March 1998)
+During crop development, the incidence and severity of tip-burn was recorded by means of a photographic scale chart. This allowed each plant to receive a score of 1-6 depending on the severity of foliar tip-burn encountered, with 0 indicating no tip-burn present and 6 indicating severe tip-burn on an unmarketable plant. It should be noted that the conditions during this summer crop were extremely conducive to the development of tip-burn – i.e high temperatures and humidity levels. The objective was also to provide cultural conditions (through use of a susceptible cultivar and moderately high CF levels) that could help induce tip-burn in this crop, in order to fully evaluate the potential of the units in tip-burn reduction.
+At harvest, all treatments were assessed for external tip-burn and internal tip-burn, as occurred inside the heart leaves of each head – this was given a score of 1 – 6 and the portion of leaves with no tip-burn damage was weighed. Flavour was assessed by detection of the bitter component, by sensory evaluation of three of the inner leaves of each head. Total head weight was recorded for each plant and recordings of both fresh and dry weight taken.
+The percentage of heads considered marketable was also recorded (i.e. no incidence of tip-burn and of an acceptable size, shape and weight). The number of plants with premature bolting was recorded, with bolting being defined as elongation of the stem and ‘spiralling’ of the leaves within the head.
+Crop 2 (April – July 1998)
+Due to the growth period of this crop being winter, no tip-burn was encountered on any treatments. Crop two consisted of two cultivars – Green Butterhead and Red Coral. Red coloration was assessed on the Red Coral variety during growth and at the time of harvest, by means of a computer-generated colour chart. At the time of harvest, total and marketable yield was recorded as weight per head, along with flavour (bitter component) and shelf life.
+Shelf life was assessed by placing each head of marketable quality into a ‘lettuce sleeve’ with roots intact, as would be done in a commercial operation. Each head was weighed after packing and the weight and quality loss recorded on a daily basis, until unacceptable shelf life was reached. This was determined as being the loss in quality that would result in an unmarketable product (i.e. unacceptable wilting, foliar browning, disease incidence or other disorders).
+An examination of the xylem structural development was carried out on this crop by placing a number of plants from both treated and untreated gullies in a solution containing red dye. As water was taken up by the plant, the xylem tissues were stained and could be observed.
+Statistical Analysis
+All data was analyzed according to the experimental design, as well as an analysis of data frequencies within each treatment. Results were reported as:
+- Those which were statistically significant at the 5% probability level from an analysis of variance.
+- Those where means were separated by one or more standard errors across all treatments.
+Results
+Crop 1 – Summer
+For both the rain and bore water treatments, the conditioner units had a noticeable advantage in increasing the number of leaves which were free of tip-burn, thereby improving marketable yield even though fresh weights were similar. So while the fresh weight of the bore water treatments was similar, the important variable – the tip-burn free portion – was significantly higher in the bore water, conditioned treatment.
+Many of the lettuce heads in the bore and rain water treatments with no conditioner unit attached, were unmarketable, due to the occurrence of severe tip-burn on both outer and inner leaves. In contrast, many of the conditioner treatment heads in both rain and bore water solutions were tip-burn free and of a good marketable size. In the rain water samples, a higher total fresh weight was recorded in the water conditioner treatments, as well as a large difference in the occurrence of tip-burn free leaves in the inner heart.
+Figure 1. Effect of water source and CALCLEAR treatment on the incidence and severity of external tip-burn in the summer crop.
+Figure 2. Effect of water source and CALCLEAR treatment on the relationship between foliar calcium levels and foliar tip-burn in the summer crop.
+Figure 3. Effect of water source and CALCLEAR treatment on bitter taste of Buttercrunch lettuce in the summer crop.
+Tip-burn
+Figure 1. shows the level of tip-burn encountered in the crop treatments during the crop cycle. The tip-burn scale ranges from 1 to 5, with a score of 1 being slight tip burn and 5 being severe tip burn symptoms. Note that before 30 days, no tip-burn was encountered in any of the treatments. This was as expected, since tip-burn is known to occur as the plants reach maturity and form heart leaves.
+The marketable threshold is the point at which a lettuce head becomes unmarketable due to the severity of tip burn symptoms, with any damage greater than a very slight browning of the margins of the outer leaves considered unmarketable. At the time of harvest, most of the conditioner-treated heads were of marketable maturity, with many of them having no tip-burn or only slight browning of the outer leaf margins. However, the untreated heads in both the bore and rain water had a greater degree of tip-burn, often on all leaves both inside and outside of the heart, making the large percentage of these plants unmarketable. Water source had no significant effect on the incidence or occurrence of tip-burn in this crop, indicating again that tip-burn occurrence is independent of solution pH and nutrient content.
+While treatment with the conditioner units lessened the occurrence of internal tip-burn in both water sources, the greater effect was on the incidence of external tip-burn occurring on the outer leaves. Internal tip-burn was considered an important variable to measure in conjunction with external tip-burn, as lettuce heads can be sold with the producer not having any idea that the inner heart leaves are affected with tip-burn. Quite often, the only time that it is discovered that a crop has suffered from tip-burn is when the consumer pulls apart the head – a fact which must be a concern for the producer.
+This assessment was carried out a week after the plants reached harvestable maturity, so that differences in the ability of the heads to ‘hold’ in an acceptable condition could be examined. Tip-burn tends to increase in severity at a much greater rate as the plants become over mature. Even at this later stage of harvest, the conditioner-treated plants had a lesser incidence of both external and internal foliar tip-burn. Internal tip-burn was measured by dissecting the inner heart leaves of each plant and separating them into the those effected by tip-burn and those unaffected. This result is attributed to the increase in xylem conductance in the plants treated with the conditioner units – this was later proven in the winter crop.
+When a complete foliar mineral analysis was carried out on all treatments, it was found that the conditioner-treated plants had higher foliar calcium levels than the untreated plants (Figure 2.). This effect was more pronounced in the bore water conditioner-treated plants, but occurred to a lesser extent in the rain water conditioner-treated plants. However, while the foliage had accumulated higher calcium levels, this was not due to differences in calcium levels in the individual solutions. There was no correlation found between the calcium levels in the nutrient solution (with a nutrient analysis taken at the same time as the foliar mineral analysis and on two previous occasions) and those accumulated in the leaves. This suggests that the conditioner units improve uptake and transport of calcium, thus reducing the severity of tip-burn, and may also improve the utilisation of calcium in plant cell development. A general correlation was found between leaf calcium content and tip-burn, as assessed by the visual scale. Levels of all the other elements, as assessed by foliar mineral analysis, were unaffected by water conditioner treatment.
+Flavour
+At the time of harvest, each treatment was assessed for flavour (by sensory evaluation panellists), examining the bitter component of the inner heart leaves, which is the major flavour problem encountered in lettuce crops. Lettuce plants under stress, such as those grown rapidly at high solution conductivity levels, or those grown slowly under winter conditions, often develop bitter flavours.
+Figure 3. shows the severity of plants with bitter flavours of the inner heart leaves. A score of 0 was given for those with no bitter flavours, with a score of 2 being considered inedible. Both the rain and bore water conditioner-treated plants had significantly lower incidence of bitter flavours than the untreated water samples. This result may be due to the increased nutrition and lower incidence of tip-burn on the conditioner-treated plants, resulting in plants which were essentially under less stress, and thus receiving less of a ‘check’ to growth than the untreated crop. It is also possible that the conditioner-treated solution works to some extent to reduce the polymerization of glucose molecules into starch crystals, allowing a higher concentration of free sugars within the plant cells, therefore conferring a better taste.
+Crop 2 – Winter
+The water conditioner treatment resulted in significantly improved fresh weight and marketability for the Buttercrunch lettuce grown in the rain water solution. Marketability of Buttercrunch was assessed mostly by the degree of heart formation which had occurred at harvest and secondly by weight.
+For the winter crop, where nutrient uptake and transpiration were unlikely to be limiting and where no apparent differences in solution conductivity, pH or leaf nutrient levels occurred, it is difficult to find an explanation for the significant improvement in fresh weight, in terms of mineral uptake. It remains a possibility that the conditioner units are able to influence translocation and metabolism within the plant, and may be able to enhance the photosynthetic system in some way. There is some evidence that they influence the mobilisation of sugars and prevent starch accumulation in leaf tissue. Early growth (as measured by leaf span) was better in the conditioner-treated rain water gullies for Buttercrunch lettuce, although little or no difference occurred in the bore water treatments.
+Other evidence suggests that the water conditioner units may also confer some advantage in the areas of improved appearance (colour and size) in red coral lettuce, greater shelf life, reduced occurrence of summer premature bolting and faster growth rates, but further crop trials would need to be run over a number of seasons to determine if this data was significant at the five percent probability level (Current data analysis only shows means separated by one or more standard errors).
+Examination of Xylem Development & Translocation
+Illustration 7 shows the differences in xylem tissues (stained red on a green lettuce leaf) between the conditioner-treated and untreated Butterhead cultivar (from the bore water treatment). Since water and calcium travel in the xylem tissue, this simple procedure allowed the xylem vessels to become stained as the plants transpired and took up water. Xylem vessel development is important for plant growth and final quality, as calcium which travels through the xylem is integral to the development of new cells and retaining the structure of existing cell walls. Thus, higher levels of calcium in many crops results in firmer fruit, longer shelf life, lower incidence of tip-burn and wilting and greater disease resistance.
+While the tissue analysis data from this crop did not indicate that higher levels of calcium had accumulated in the conditioner-treated plants, it is obvious that xylem development had benefited. The reason why the increased foliar calcium levels from the summer grown crop were not repeated in the winter grown crop, is probably due to the seasonal differences in growth rates. In summer the plants had maximum light and temperature levels for optimum growth, and the limiting factor was the rate of transport of water and calcium through the xylem tissue. In winter, the limiting factor was not the rate of water nutrient uptake, but the lower light and temperature levels which slowed plant growth significantly. It should also be noted that tip-burn rarely occurs in winter grown crops, thus the plants obviously take up and can transport sufficient calcium in winter anyway, and this process cannot be, and does not need to be, enhanced.
+The increase in stained xylem tissue could be a result of several factors. Firstly, the conditioner-treated solution may be affected in such a way that it can be more readily absorbed than the untreated solution, passing through cell membranes at a higher rate. Secondly, the conditioner treatment could have resulted in better development of the xylem vessels during plant growth, remaining free of cellular debris and crystalline obstructions. It was shown that the conditioner units act on all these variables. When untreated plants were placed in treated water, they translocated the red dye; when treated plants were placed in untreated water they too translocated the red dye. However, untreated plants in untreated water did not translocate any red dye during the same time interval.
+Left: Leaves of water conditioner treatment plant from the same crop after a few hours in the dye solution. The xylem has been stained red, showing the greater degree of movement in the transpirational stream. Right: Leaves of a control plant (no water conditioner treatment) after a few hours in the red dye solution. The red dye has not moved through the xylem.
+Possible Modes of Action of the Water Conditioner Units
+From the technical information provided about the units by CALCLEAR (Australia), and the results obtained from these scientific trials, it seems that the computerised water condition units operate by generating a rapidly changing waveform, which is required to achieve ionisation of all the different nutrient salts that are present in water and nutrient solutions. Other devices, such as magnets or coils, which can be used to produce an ionising field, only succeed in affecting a small proportion of the salts in solution. The strong flux field which the units generate in the nutrient supply pipe modifies the calcium carbonate crystal nuclei.
+What is suspected actually happens, is that the field generated by the units affects the spin of the electrons within their orbital, causing the ions to be unable to react or combine with other ions in the solution. Thus the nutrients are unable to form crystaline salts with other elements, and may be prevented from forming crystaline structures within the xylem, allowing the plant to transpire more effectively. The increased transpiration has a follow-on effect in improving calcium transport, therefore reducing tip-burn.
+Our research suggests these units also influence plant physiology in other beneficial ways, and we are currently undertaking further crop studies on other plant species to verify the results reported here and to examine further the mode of action of the conditioner units
+Summary
+In summary, the CALCLEAR conditioner units provide several benefits to hydroponic lettuce production. From the results of these trials, their most dramatic influence is on factors in the plant which are likely to respond to improved transpiration, and mobilisation of ions in the xylem. There is some evidence that they also influence plant metabolism.
+Any improvement in the yield and/or quality of a hydroponically grown lettuce crop gives a producer an added economic edge in an already very competitive industry, where a high quality product is demanded. The CALCLEAR computerised water conditioning system had already proven to have many beneficial effects on domestic and commercial water supplies, and with the results of these trials, to also be beneficial within a hydroponic application.
+This research was carried out by SUNTEC, an independent hydroponic research organisation in New Zealand, by Dr Lynette Morgan PhD and Simon Lennard M.Hort.Sc.
+CALCLEAR can be contacted at Level 2/56 York Street, Sydney, 2000, Australia, Telephone (02) 9977 8801, Fax (02) 9977 8805).
+References
+Battey, N. H., 1990. Calcium Deficiency Disorders of Fruits and Vegetables. Postharvest News and Information Vol 1 no 1, pp 23 – 27.
+Bres, W., and Weston, L. A., 1992. Nutrient accumulation and tip-burn in NFT-grown lettuce at several potassium and pH levels. HortScience 27:7, 790 – 792.
+CALCLEAR Computerised Water Conditioner – Technical Information.
+Cresswell, G. C., 1991. Effect of lowering nutrient solution concentration at night on leaf calcium levels and the incidence of tip-burn in lettuce (var, Gloria). Journal of Plant Nutrition, 14:9 913 – 924.
+Economakis, C. D., 1990. Effect of solution conductivity on growth and yield of lettuce in nutrient film culture. Acta Horticulturae 287, 309 – 316.
+Morgan, L. S., 1998. Calcium and plant disorders in Hydroponics. Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses, Issue 38 pp61.
+Morgan, L. S. 1999. Hydroponic Lettuce Production. (currently in print). Casper Publications, NSW, Australia.
+First Published in Practical Hydroponics & Greenhouses Magazine, January/February 1999. © Copyright Casper Publications.
+Rev..” He then writes,
+“There is no God. The statement sounds discordant and unreal, even to ears which do little more than hear a word without meaning. Therefore, those who call themselves Christians must explain how it is that they can do so and still believe that God is no more.”
+Harrison continues by saying that new ideas or understandings often take a very long time to be accepted, because old ideas and understandings often work very well for many people. But eventually they die out. He uses the example of the old belief that the sun revolved around the earth. “It was widely held. It worked. It met the questions of the day…It became integral to the thinking of lawyers and religious leaders.” But, he says, “One day a simple question was asked, and history was never the same again.”
+Harrison says that it is a different case when it comes to religion, because emotions as well as the idea of “divine revelation” are involved, which are used to defend very out-dated ideas even when they make no logical sense. He says that there have been changes within Christianity that have occurred at a snail’s place: “The Bible was written and edited like any other set of books. Jesus did not claim to be God. The sacramental bread is not the flesh of God. Jesus did not physically rise from the dead. The rituals prescribed in the Old Testament are not for all men throughout all time.”
+Then Harrison again asks the question, “Is God dead?” The answer, he says, is yes. He notes that the phrase “God is dead,” is often attributed to Friedrich Nietzsche, but that Nietzcsche “is more in the league of the old-fashioned atheist.” Harrison continues:
+“Our present generation is the first to permit a man to state several things at once: I am a Christian; I follow Jesus; I belong to a certain long-lived denomination; and I do not believe in God.”
+In the past it was assumed that if you asked someone if they were a Christian and they responded affirmatively, then they must believe in God. If one did not believe in God then they were not a Christian. The same cannot be said for today.
+And this is where Harrison says the water can seem to get murky and he talks of “Christian atheism.” For instance, what do we mean by the name “God?” If the term atheist means “one who does not believe in a supernatural Man-In-The-Sky who controls the world and judges it, then yes, this blogwriter is an atheist. But this is not the only definition of God. The author Marcus Borg speaks of panentheism, where “everything is in God.” He utilizes the verse “In Him we live and move and have our being.” It is as if God is a great ocean and we are the waves flowing within that ocean. Here, God is Spirit. This is the God that I believe in. Harrison also talks of the Church’s tendency to see humankind as fallen. He speaks of his own faith tradition, Anglicanism:
+“If one turns to the prayer book of the Anglican Church, any doubts about the attitude of traditional theology evaporate. The only good in the world is the good that God gives us to counteract the human bias towards evil; with which, to be specific, he is said to be born. I can find no example in the prayer book of a phrase which implies that God accepts us as we are; in other words, that he really loves us…Those who call themselves Christians and obey the law of the Church, these alone seem to be granted acceptance. A poverty-stricken sort of love.”
+The second style of “Christian atheism,” Harrison writes, is evolutionary. “God is eternal and unchangeable, but man consistently develops in his appreciation of the objective reality.” The ideas of God that have been set out in the Bible are continually being enlarged and refined. “Many of these ideas die and are replaced by better ones. Yet, through all the changes, we are only moving to a clearer vision of what is unchanging.” Harrison says that language must be changed, along with metaphors. Words and metaphors that must be analyzed and perhaps dismissed include: saved, incarnation, ransom, redemption. “Let us therefore, change them or explain them in new ways, so that new men may understand. “All through this process, there is no thought that the underlying meaning has changed or could change. Find a new word, explain it in new ways: we are still redeemed, still in need of salvation, still saved through the blood of the Lamb.
+Harrison continues by saying that many people, such as writers C.S. Lewis, J.B. Phillips, and Dorothy L. Sayers have admitted that the term “God” holds little meaning for modern man, and so embarked on giving it more strength and meaning. However, it was an old meaning that they were restoring. “It did not occur to any of the above writers that God himself might change, or that he might have died…For them, God was alive as he had always been.” Harrison commends these authors for their efforts, but says their appeal was to a declining number of people. “To the majority, they conveyed little because even the purified, strengthened, and logically attractive God they described came through as irrelevant.”
+Harrison then goes on to say that the work of the previous mentioned authors was pushed aside by more “radical” authors and thinkers such as Dr. John Robinson, who wrote his controversial book Honest To God only 3 years prior to A Church Without God. And even Robinson drew extensively from other men such as Tillich, Bonhoeffer, and Bultmann. Harrison sums up Robinson`s work in this way:
+“Robinson set out a thesis which made an immediate appeal, not only to those who had detached themselves from modern denominational Church life, but to those who were caught up in it and wished to remain in it. Men used to believe in a three-decker universe, with Heaven above, the earth upon which they lived in the middle, and Hell beneath. God was thought of as “up there,” the devil as “below.” When the flat-earth philosophy came to an end, the God “up there” was replaced by the God “out there,” and the devil remained below, in the middle of the earth, though he also walked on it.”
+Harrison says that with new discoveries in modern astronomy, “out there” as a place for God became difficult to retain. So if God is neither “up there” or “out there,” where is he? The successors of Lewis, Phillips, etc, “picked up the thought that God was a spirit and demonstrated that the old physical notions were crude, that they needed to go.” For instance, Tillich concentrated on what he called “the depths of our being,” When we look at ourselves, we find that we are concerned about many things. God, Tillich said, is the ultimate among these concerns; he is our Ultimate Concern. Harrison says that “The appeal of Tillich’s definition was immediate and is already commanding widespread acceptance.” He was writing this in 1966, and had not been introduced to this generation’s writers such as Bishop John Shelby Spong and Marcus Borg.
+Harrison argues that atrocities such as the Holocaust “brought it home” that men were responsible for their actions. “The old God, who was supposed to love mankind and intervene on behalf of the weak, rarely did so and showed little concern except for the big battalions.”
+Harrison continues that “modern man prefers to explain truth, goodness, and beauty, not by posing the existence of some Other Being, but by examining the evidence, primarily of medicine and science.” Also,
+“Modern man is discovering himself. Psychology and psychiatry are daily opening new strait and narrow paths to the depths of man’s being. As they are opened, there are fewer extravagant claims to solving all human problems; there is more caution; there is more honest declaration of uncertainty and ignorance. There is, at the same time, more that can be seen by everyone as true discovery. As man digs to deeper levels of his being, he becomes more certain that he will never be able to say, ‘I now know everything about myself, my neighbour, and mankind.'”
+And then Harrison makes a very important point: “To live with uncertainty is to mature.” He then states that “God is our ultimate concern, the ground of our being.”
+Harrison then describes a belief that was put forward in his day by several theologians/writers such as Thomas Altizer and William Hamilton that there once was a God – now there is no God. He once lived but, somewhere in history, he died. He equates this with the existence of angels, that for a long period of time angels were said to have existed, but they aren’t spoken of hardly at all anymore.
+If Altizer and Hamilton are correct, then when exactly did God die? Altizer says it was when the incarnation occurred. “The arrival of Jesus in the world made it clear that man no longer needed a heavenly God. God was now man, and there was no call to revert to a God who was Other than man.” Hamilton, however, suggests that God was dying in the period of the French Revolution and the First World War. Today, he concludes, we can see clearly that God is dead. God was dying in the nineteenth century; he is dead in the twentieth.” Hamilton then says that he has had many conversations with pastors of the Church, and they repeatedly say, “Everything we do in the life of the Church is exciting and makes sense, except for Worship.”
+Perhaps the same could be said today, with many modern churches trying out “new ways to do worship,” whether it be new music, dancing, a new building. But still something seems missing. This can become acutely clear when they do not have Monday to Saturday activities of service to the community which are the lifeblood of the Church.
+Harrison nears the end of his third chapter by listing what he sees as the possible choices when it comes to humankind’s view of God.
+1. The “traditional” view of God as a personal Other, who made the Universe and occasionally intervenes.
+2. The traditional God described in different language (but still the same God as found in #1).
+3. The traditional concept of the Other isn’t possible and perhaps never was. Now we seek God as Ultimate Concern or the ground of all being.
+4. God did indeed exist but is now dead.
+5. There never was a God, there is no God now, and there never will be.
+Harrison then asks: At what point in this list is it impossible or hypocritical to remain a member of the Church? At what point is it impossible or hypocritical to call oneself a Christian? The answer given here is that, though a question mark may well be placed over #5, all the above are possible to a Christian, and that it remains to be seen whether they are possible to members of the ancient denominations…To remain a Christian, one has to be a follower of Christ, and one may be such a follower while accepting any of the above beliefs, perhaps including #5.
+Harrison says that the Church leaders of his day were having difficulties how to address these questions. Some said that congregants had to stay true to “the faith,” (whatever that was), or they vehemently attacked him for his liberal views.
+Harrison concludes his chapter by asking “Who do we turn to” for the truth about God. The church? Pastors? Theologians? Bishops? No, he says. “The answer is, as it always was, that we have to decide for ourselves.”
+“The choice, then, is for the individual, and for many of us it has already been made. We enjoy being members of the Church. It is here that we meet so many of the people we love. It is here that we are received as ourselves and can receive others in like fashion. We like the rector of the curate; we enjoy singing in the choir; we enjoy playing organs, drums, or saxophones. It is here that coffeehouses are organized, meetings held which give us enjoyment. It is here that our children seem to have their good times. The teaching handed out in Sunday School may range from inoffensive to wretched; but it tries to impart good standards of behaviour; the children like the teacher in spite of the teaching.”
+Harrison continues by talking about “shopping around” for other groups or churches:
+“We may even have shopped around to see if there are any other groups that might provide the sense of belonging we need. The agnostics sound great on radio and television, but it is difficult to find out where they meet, and we like to meet people. The Unitarians sound as if they are on the right track, but there is an assumed intellectualism which may be bothersome, and their groups form something of a pattern. We occasionally have resurgences of the old convictions, occasionally feel that the old moralities had their point; and this make us embarrassed in Unitarian company. This is probably an unfair assessment of Unitarians, but events so stand for many of us.”
+Finally, Harrison suggests that many people want to remain members of their Church, and that if the traditional creedal follower can sit down with the more liberal thinker, then it is a great thing. “If the traditional creedal follower genuinely believes it, let us raise flags of delight. Then let us tell him what we think. Harrison concludes by encouraging more liberal Christian thinkers to remain in their Churches if they feel it is right. “As things stand, your beliefs may well be orthodox in twenty years’ time, and you may be faced with the task of showing charity to those who are challenging them.”
+As it stands, I currently pitch my tent with Tillich, Robinson, Spong and Borg. To me, God is not a Person-like being in the Sky, judging us and sending some to Heaven and some to Hell. To me, God is the Ground of All Being, everything lives within God, including myself. As Spong writes, the best way I can express God is by living freely, loving wastefully, and being all that I can be.
+Here we are in 2012 and while Harrison’s suggestion that a radical, more liberal view of God might be orthodoxy by now has not come to pass in large swaths of the Christian church, there are some changes happening. Preachers like Joel Osteen no longer preach damnation, others like author/pastor Rob Bell challenge a literal view of Hell, and so on. Of course the fundamentalists seem most resistant to change, which should be no surprise. But many in the mainline denominations, as well as the Quakers and movements such as Unity explore different views of who or what God is. This is encouraging. I currently find myself at the Unitarian congregation in my city after having rejected fundamentalist Christianity. But one day may find myself within the Progressive Christian movement, something that an entire other blogpost will be dedicated to in the future.
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+[caption id="" align="alignright" width="181"]
+Mike McGinn[/caption]
+Update: Unless something significant changes as the late returns are counted, it looks like Mayor McGinn will be facing off against Ed Murray in the general election this fall. This promises to be as bare-knuckle a political fight as we've seen in Seattle in quite some time.
+For many people, I expect it will be a difficult choice. And if you are here reading this post right now, I'm guessing you're in the process of trying to figure out what decision to make.
+As you do that, I suggest you consider the following: University of Washington professors Robert Plotnick and Sandeep Krishnamurthy that a mayor's biggest impact is typically on the long-term economic development of a city.
+While in office, there are many immediate issues a mayor has very little control over. But a mayor can significantly affect things like zoning, infrastructure policy, and education policy. These, in turn, create the blueprint for a city's future.
+Remember, it isn't just about what the mayor will do in the next few years. It's about how the mayor's long-term vision affects what the city becomes 10, 15, or 25 years from now.
+Too often, as a voter, it's easy to focus on the last few years or the next few years. People sometimes don't consider how much time it takes for certain plans to be put in place and executed. They just see all those condos going up around town the last few years and they become "McGinn's condos, " even though many of these projects were initiated before he took office.
+So whoever you choose in the general election, try to avoid being short-sighted like that. Look at the big picture and the long-arc of neighborhood development.
+That's what I tried to do as I wrote up this long blog post. And if you take the time to read the remainder of it, you'll see that many of my reasons for sticking with Mayor McGinn relate to his long-term vision.
+Simply put, it's a vision of Seattle's future that makes sense to me.
+***
+Big news. Tim Burgess has dropped out of the Seattle Mayor's race. That leaves three front-running candidates: Mayor Mike McGinn; former Seattle City Council President Peter Steinbrueck; and current Washington State Senator (and sort of Majority Leader) Ed Murray.
+I've voted for all of these guys at one time or another. Murray and Steinbrueck are icons of liberal Seattle politics. McGinn was more of dark horse when he won the last mayor's race. But he is arguably even more progressive than the other two. So it's a tough call for sure. And there probably isn't a truly a bad choice in the bunch. That being said, at this point I remain all in for McGinn. In fact, I'm probably more all in for McGinn right now than I was the day I voted for him in the last election.
+I know, McGinn's Don Quixote windmill act on the Seattle Viaduct Tunnel got very tiresome. It stretched my patience to the breaking point, and it definitely didn't make a great first impression on a lot of other voters either, digging McGinn into a hole he's been digging himself out of ever since. Along the same lines, I've heard that McGinn has not always been well-liked by insiders down at City Hall.
+But observing things from afar, I like what I've seen from McGinn since the Viaduct issue was put to bed. He seems to have learned from that experience (see e. g. , his work on the Sonics arena deal). On a lot of issues that are important to me, I've liked his approach. So I'd like to see what happens if he's given another four years to implement his long-term vision for Seattle.
+With that in mind, here are seven reasons why I currently support McGinn for re-election.
+1. If you believe that bringing the Sonics back to Seattle and building a new arena in SODO is about way more than basketball, then you should support McGinn.
+It's easy to see McGinn's involvement in the Sonics deal as pure political opportunism. I mean, why has he jumped on this bandwagon when he was so against the Tunnel? It has to be a plea for the hearts and minds of over-emotional Sonics fans, right? Sure, that's got to be part of it. There have definitely been political benefits for McGinn in aligning himself with this cause. But if you look more closely, you start to understand why this deal fits into McGinn's vision of Seattle in a way that the Tunnel does not.
+It isn't just about getting the team back, although that would mean a lot to plenty of people. It's the proposed location of the new arena that places this deal squarely in the wheel-house of the McGinn vision for Seattle. Augmentin 625mg pills $153.00 from a long-term urban planning standpoint, the proposed site in sodo is a no-brainer, because it intersects perfectly with all of the major transportation modalities in our city (including the forthcoming east side link light rail). augmentin 625mg pills $153.00 This sort of public transit connectivity is exactly what McGinn wants for our city.
+Team McGinn/Constantine did a miraculous job making the new arena a possibility (with a nice assist from Tim Burgess). Losing this site would be a tragic missed opportunity for our city. Now that it's clear we are not getting the Sacramento Kings, we're going to have to play the waiting game and hope for an expansion franchise. But if the political winds shift, allowing the current arena plan to unravel, it could undermine the entire deal for the current investor group.
+To my mind, the best way to preserve and protect the current plan is to maintain the status quo at the city and county level. McGinn and Constantine apparently have a good working relationship with the Hansen/Ballmer Group. They already understand the ins and outs of the deal. They are a known commodity to the NBA, and they have a vested interest in making sure the deal survives.
+Conversely, Steinbrueck was a member of the Seattle City Council in the years leading up to the departure of the Sonics from Seattle. And while it may not be fair to say that Steinbrueck was a part of the problem in that era, he definitely wasn't a part of any solution then (and lately he has definitely been a part of the problem). The same goes for Murray. He was down in Olympia when the legislature gave the Heisman to David Stern and the NBA. So irrespective of the role he may or may not have played in that interaction, he's still going to be that guy from Olympia in the eyes of the NBA.
+If the current Sonics/arena deal dies and the Hansen/Ballmer Group disbands, we may still eventually get an NBA team in our region, but I suspect the arena will not be in SODO. Instead, it will be out in the suburbs. As a South Seattle native, Christopher Hansen seems to be a person with a real personal investment in keeping the team inside the Seattle city limits (in their way, the Nordstroms are also south of I-90 guys). Hansen has shown great creativity and resourcefulness, formulating a plan that addresses all of the many constraints imposed by I-91. He and his partners are also apparently willing to spend the money to get it done in the SODO location, even if it could be done more cheaply in the suburbs. I have my doubts that another ownership group is going to be willing to go the extra mile to keep the team inside Seattle.
+This to me would be a great shame. At its best, an urban area is like a circle. A circle needs (and can only have) one center. In our region, Seattle is that center. I believe very passionately that it should remain that center. For better or worse, professional sports is something that can help to define the center of a place. Moving the Cleveland Cavaliers from the ex-urbs back to the City Center was an important step towards making the City Center of Cleveland relevant again (especially in the winter months). If you look at most American cities that have a strong, vibrant City Center, their sports teams play downtown.
+I understand that a lot of my progressive brothers and sisters don't give a shit about professional sports. The most ideologically pure among them believe that until every poor person has been fed and every homeless person housed, no public money, financing, or other support should be spent on anything else. And that's a noble position to take. But in my experience, a lot of average people start to get social justice fatigue after a while. They look around and say, "what are my tax dollars getting me?" Rightly (or more probably) wrongly, they start to question the efficacy of contributing money to the public coffers.
+For many people, professional sports is a community touchstone. It's one of their little life pleasures. It makes living in an urban area feel more worthwhile. It makes them more enthusiastic about paying city and county taxes. This is particularly true of people who live in the suburbs. Many of these folks don't work in Seattle either. The only time they come to Seattle is for a ballgame. If they don't have to leave the East Side to do that, then they're rarely if ever coming into the Center City at all.
+I don't see that scenario as a win for our city. The day those people don't ever feel the need to come into Seattle is a very bad day for our city. Long-term, it's probably even worse than the potential loss of jobs at the Port of Seattle.
+As much respect as I have for Peter Steinbrueck, I think he made a misguided decision to align himself with the Port of Seattle against the Hansen/Ballmer SODO arena plan. It would be one thing if I thought the Port was really going to work hard to preserve shipping jobs in SODO long-term. But I don't.
+To me, SODO is a lot like South Lake Union was 20 years ago. At the time of the Seattle Commons vote, I heard a lot of talk about how we needed to vote "no" on the Commons to protect the light-industrial and warehouse space in SLU ("the soul of working Seattle"). I have a soft spot for that kind of space and that kind of soul. So I had a lot of sympathy for that position. Ultimately, I voted against the Seattle Commons.
+But in the end, my architect friends (and Dan Savage) were right. They said that voting "no" wasn't going to save the historical usage profile of that space. Re-development was going to happen in SLU, no matter what. The question was whether we wanted a nice new park to be part of it. Twenty years later, we've got the re-development. We just have no park. Mistake made by me. Lesson learned.
+SODO seems like a similar deal. We have two good ports in our Metroplex: Seattle and Tacoma. Over the long haul, there's a good chance that our economy won't need both of them. Provided the Seattle economy continues to grow and prosper, the value of the land in SODO is going to appreciate at a faster rate than the land in Tacoma, because it is already worth considerably more right now. Eventually, it will become so valuable that it will not make practical or economic sense to use it for shipping anymore.
+When this happens, it will make more sense for the shipping traffic to go to Tacoma. And moving forward from there, the Port's long-term play in SODO isn't going to look that different than a lot of other players down there (i. e. , more about real estate development than cranes and cargo containers). In this regard, the should be instructive. Under the headers "Modern Developments" and "Future Developments, the following projects are listed in Wikipedia article I linked to above:
+- Fisherman's Wharf (tourist attraction)
+- Pier 39 (shopping center and popular tourist attraction)
+- Ferry Building (an upscale gourmet marketplace)
+- F Line Historic Streetcar (tourist attraction/transit)
+- Exploratorium (Museum/tourist attraction)
+- Cruise Terminal (Point of entry and exit for tourists)
+- AT&T Park (baseball field)
+- Warriors Arena (Basketball arena)
+- E Line Historic Streetcar (tourist attraction/transit)
+- Pier 70 (a site filled with historic buildings that is slated for re-development)
+When I was a young boy, my dad brought me to this magical forest full of ferns and moss, dragonflies, butterflies, wildflowers, birds and mammals and a beautiful stream full of trout. Dad was a very skilled and pragmatic fisherman. He came to catch trout. I on the other hand was a young artist. I was enthralled with the beauty of the place. The way that the light shimmered on the water as it gurgled over rocks and logs into deep amber pools drew me in. That same warm summer light flickered on the leaves and cast dancing shadows on the moss below. This forest breathed an energy into me that made me feel deeply calm while conversely excited to be alive. We went back every summer and over those years, I became more connected to this place and missed the energy of it when I was off earning my education or building my career in DC and NY as an artist.
+As the years passed, I found that the life and career I had pursued in the city had lost its luster and that I was yearning more and more to return to a simple life and the healing calmness of nature I had known as a child. City life and “running the rat’s race” had left me feeling exhausted and empty. I came home to visit my parent’s during that time and I think my dad sensed my low energy and suggested that we go fishing at my favorite place. Walking back into that forest felt like being enveloped by a big hug from an old friend. The smells, sounds and sights of the forest re-awoke something in me instantly. We fished together all that day and then I went back by myself to fish a couple of days later. A few days after that, I still needed more of that forest’s energy, so this time I put a lunch and my writing journal in my backpack and drove north. I had never gone to this forest just to go hiking. Fishing had always been the focus before. I explored the beautiful ravine the creek flowed through and the fields and hemlock forests that flanked its banks. I hiked further than I had ever explored before. I had the feeling that I was being drawn by some hidden and sudden source of energy to explore. The need to explore drew my curious mind deeper and deeper into the forest. After several hours of this, I decided that I needed to turn around to head back to the car. Just as I was about to do so, I noticed something out of the corner of my eye. I small sign posted in the middle of the woods. I walked over to it and it read, “For sale. 20 acres.” My heart thumped hard in my chest. I hadn’t been looking to buy land, but somehow I had been drawn back to this place three times over a nine day period. I had somehow decided to leave the fishing pole home and I had hiked further than I’d ever explored before. And here was this sign.
+Five days later, I had the deed to the land in my hands. Two days after that, the Market crash of 2007 happened. Had I hesitated even just a little bit, I never would have been able to purchase the property as the banks almost completely stopped lending money.
+I spent the following summer building my cabin. The year after that, I created the English country garden. Each summer, I would drive from DC to Michigan to live in that cabin without electricity or running water. To some, it may sound too rustic but for me, it was exactly what I needed. I was living in paradise. I had rain barrels that were filled with a down spout from my gutter system. I was able to charge my phone and computer in my truck. I kept my food in a large cooler. It wasn’t perfect but it worked and I loved the relaxation and adventurous life it offered me.
+Back on the East Coast, my career continued to grow and I was able to finally reach my goal of launching my art career in New York City. It was an exciting time full of energy and enthusiasm. I was working with one of New York’s top art consultants. I was exhibiting in Museums all over the country. I was making the best art that I had ever created. In short, I was on top of my game. Unfortunately, after a couple of years it began to slowly dawn on me that the system wasn’t really open to people that weren’t from families of influence and money. In New York, you’re expected to “buy your way in.” I had always thought I would be judged by the merit of my work. As this understanding came into my view, things slowly began to change in my mind. I wasn’t happy. I was successful but had just turned 42 and realized that I was half-way through my life. The first half had been a tremendous amount of work as I had put myself through both undergraduate and graduate programs and had launched a career in art as soon as I had graduated. I was used to working 12 hour days six or seven days a week. I had always been highly motivated but life needed to be more than this pursuit to become a well-known artist. I had spent my entire young adult life in pursuit of a dream that didn’t really exist – or at least for a person like me from humble origins. At that point, I had a choice to make: keep pushing forward against all odds and hope that I could somehow “break in” to the art market in New York or come up with a new plan for my life. In this moment of crisis and stress, my mind kept going back to the thought of my cabin and my property in Michigan and how happy my summers were there. I began to wonder if I could live there full time. Slowly, a plan started to form in my head of how I could build my dream home there and live a much freer way of life while living in the natural world that I loved so much. Once the plan developed in my mind, I pulled the plug on New York very quickly and walked away from everything that I had once thought would bring me success and happiness. I realised that I was already successful. I had accomplished so many of my goals and I had built up countless skills doing so. Now, I could use those skills to transform my life into something more exciting and fulfilling.
+A year later, after much preparation and planning, I was in a large U-Haul truck heading to Michigan to build my new dream. I honestly had no idea how challenging the building process was going to be. I had developed a vision in my head of a type of existence I wanted to live in the middle of nature and I was on my way to get it started. I had architectural plans and lots of focused enthusiasm. The whole way, I was trying to come up with a name for my place. I had drawn up several lists of words and titles but nothing had really jumped out to me. I had just read a book called “Bird Cloud” where the author had waited for a sign or happening in nature to inspire here to name her wilderness retreat using the Native American philosophy of naming things. As I pulled into my drive that fateful day, a beautiful lynx jumped right in front of the truck. It was so close that I could see the beautiful pointed black ears, the dappled greyish brown fur and the huge cat paws that lynx are known for. I knew this was my sign, my inspiration. I named the property, “Lynx Run,” for the spotting of the lynx and the geographical properties of this place. During the last Ice Age, the melting glacial waters had carved a beautiful ravine that the trout stream descends into today. These deep ravines are sometimes referred to as “runs.” Lynx Run. It had an unusual and nice ring to it.
+That is the story of how this place came to be. The gardens are inspired by trips to Japan, England, Spain and Italy. The pond is a German concept where plant roots are used to filter the water to keep it clean. The house itself was inspired by Japanese contemporary architecture. The library is inspired by libraries I had visited in England and Austria. It is an “off-the-grid” facility. All energy is derived from solar panels. The well is 104 feet deep. It is now the place I call home. And certainly in this case, home is where my heart is.
+-Rob
+“Lynx Run” is the name given to Rob Vander Zee’s residence and property in the Manistee National Forest in the wilderness of Michigan. He named it thus, because of a chance encounter he had with a Lynx on his property a few years ago. Lynx had been exterminated from the lower peninsula of Michigan for over 100 years. Rob is one of the first (and very lucky) Michigan residents to witness the return of the noble feline to the forests where they were once found in abundance. The “Run” refers to the natural topography of the land. Glacial run-off created a natural ravine on the land where a small trout stream named Bett’s Creek, now flows.
+Abundant Nature
+“Nature is not a place to visit… It is home.” – Gary Snyder
+The Cabin
+In the summer of 2008, Rob built the cabin with the help of his nephews. They used mostly rough-sawn lumber purchased from local Amish farmers. The cabin has no electricity or running water. Rob lived in the cabin for 3 months every summer, taking a break from his busy lifestyle on the East Coast where he ran his art gallery and school of painting. The cabin allowed him to live a quiet, peaceful life close to nature, surrounded by inspiration and beauty. Rob found this quiet, simple life very rejuvenating. After living in the cabin for eight summers, he realised that he had fallen in love with the wilderness lifestyle and began making plans to build his dream home on the property.
+Homestead
+Rob’s residence is positioned around a central courtyard garden in a Mediterranean style. The main house is contemporary in design and offers a large library/living space as well as an art gallery. The entire residence and art gallery are “off the grid” which means that all of the energy is derived from solar panels. This makes Lynx Run self-sustaining and thoughtfully designed. Elements of “passive solar” and natural sunlight are used throughout the design to reduce the use and need of energy. Each of the guest bedrooms of the house open up to a great view of the central courtyard. Rob’s guests can wake up to the morning light and fall asleep to the stars as they glimmer above the courtyard. The residence has a beautiful, natural flow and holds many paintings, antiques and other pieces of art. The west-facing side of the residence offers a view of the forest while the east facing side opens up to a beautiful view of the courtyard garden. With his orchard and large vegetable garden, Rob raises much of his own food during the summer months. Living “off the land” gives him a stronger connection to the landscape which is often found as his subject within his paintings.
+The Library
+I’ve always had a fascination for unusual objects. Man-made objects, natural curiosities from nature, found objects, discarded objects and hand-made objects. I would find these things while hiking in forests, along the ocean shore, in flea markets and antique shops or in the streets of some foreign place. Sometimes people would ask me, “What are you looking for?” I would usually dumbfound them be saying, “I never really know until I see it.” That statement couldn’t have been more true. These objects, these curiosities from the natural world, these pieces of folk art made on the porch of a cabin deep in the forest always reached out to me. It was as if they beckoned to be picked up and examined with a curious mind. That mind was mine. I collected these things. I put them on a shelf or window sill. I kept them in boxes under my bed. I never really knew why I collected them but I certainly knew that it was something innate, deep inside me that found fascination in the beauty and sometimes grotesqueness of each object.
+When I was in my mid-thirties, I traveled to London for the first time. While there, I visited the British Museum of Natural History. I’ve always been fascinated by museums and frequented them as often as I could, but this visit proved to be pivotal in my life. After walking through halls of tribal artefacts and stuffed animals, I remember walking up a set of stairs. At the top of the stairs was a sign that read “Age of Discovery Library Re-creation.” Little did I know that walking through those doors would alter my life. As I entered the room, something stirred deep inside me as my eyes fell upon a magnificent display of antique glass cases and book shelves lined with fossils, skulls, gems and rocks, mummified cats, terra cotta vessels, butterfly and beetle mounts, books with aged and worn covers and statues carved of marble. All time was suspended. I don’t remember how long I spent in that room but I do remember knowing that I had somehow been transformed. In that room, I felt at “home.” It was a space that spoke of who I was at my core: an adventurer, a collector, a lover of all things wild and natural, ancient and cultural, an explorer and an artist. I vowed that I would create a room for myself one day that would be tall and magnificent with shelves and tables lined with artefacts, objects and books from all over the world.
+In 2016, I closed my art studio and school of painting in Washington DC and moved to the Michigan wilderness to start a new life and to build my dream home. I knew that the main feature of this home would be an Age of Discovery Library. By this time, I had literally hundreds of boxes of artefacts and objects from the natural world. I had been collecting these things all my life. The library you see before you in these photos is that creation. The shelves and structural pillars are hand-hewn beams from a huge old barn. The large furniture pieces are hand-carved French country style antiques. The hand-painted images of beetles, butterflies and dragonflies were made by me for display in the library.
+This room is where I feel most at home. I love living amongst these beautiful objects. I have come to discover that I am certainly not alone in my fascination of objects and spaces like this. There’s a whole group of artists, collectors and explorers who share my innate drive to collect, display and live amongst these unusual objects. Most people now refer to them as “Cabinets of Curiosities.” I still enjoy referring to mine as the “Age of Discovery Library.” I like how it harkens back to a time when explorers and scientists sailed in ships with massive sails across the globe to lands where they never really knew what they’d discover. Lands where mythological beasts and humans still roamed and stirred the imagination with an excited intensity. Even though today, all those new lands, islands and cultures have been discovered and explored, I still hope that our fascination of what our world offers us does not disappear. I love having a curious mind. I love that I was able to create this space for myself, but more importantly, I love that I am able to share it with others and see the looks on their faces as their eyes scan the shelves and as they succumb to the atmosphere of curiosity as the room stirs their imagination.
+-Rob
+The Art Studio
+The Art Studio was designed for the East end of the complex where it receives warm morning light, and faces a beautiful courtyard garden. It is Rob’s space for imagination and creativity. He makes paintings and teaches art classes in this space. The studio has a spacious, light-filled atmosphere. The ceiling is over 20-feet tall and the studio is full of paintings, artefacts, and objects from the natural world.
+The Gardens.
+I know I shouldn't do this, but what can I say: once a rebel, always a rebel. I have undertaken critical commentary on an essay by one Todd Napolitano, who made quite a stir in the journaling community recently with an essay that basically slashed-and-burned all women writers of on-line journals. Evidently this essay was undertaken as part of an eZine (electronic magazine) devoted to "women's writing on the Net," so already I have a bone to pick: set up false dichotomies, come to false conclusions. Todd Napolitano succeeded above anyone's wildest dreams, however, in his analysis of on-line journals.
+What bothered me most about the essay was its OQ -- the Obfuscation Quotient, or ability to use 10 words where 3 or 4 might have done. The single greatest tragedy of writing today is that the more complex, the more obscure, the more convoluted a sentence is, the higher the quality it's judged to have. This admiration of dense complexity destroys not only academic writing, but also writing in business, in government, in "literature" -- any type of writing where the writer frets about appearing more learned than thou. If you make your point easy to understand, the audience might just not agree with you, and it's best to prevent that from happening.
+Let me also add, because I am both a critic of and participant in the online journaling movement, that there are decent criticisms to be made of online journaling as a discipline and in the online journals themselves ... criticisms and plaudits. I happen to be of the opinion, however, that Todd hasn't made either.
+Please pay careful attention; there will be a quiz at the end.
+Do Milan Kundera's words so readily come to mind?
+Todd expertly sets up a straw man here: that the creative allure of virtual reality is to create a fictional character. He takes what attracted him to the net and generalizes that that must be what attracts everyone to the net. At this point I begin to hope that Todd is not a PhD candidate in Logical Reasoning.
+Oooo. Todd uses German and refers to Nietzsche...in the same sentence fragment. (Good editing, Todd.) We now learn that what is important here -- but is "here" the essay or the net? Todd refuses to say (fallacy of equivocation, sweetie) -- is that Nietzsche always writes to efface himself. Since Nietzsche didn't write an on-line diary, I'm not sure why this is the important thing, nor does Todd enlighten his readers.
+Note, by the way, the first appearance of a form of the word "irony." Irony is big with the deconstructionist and post-modern crowd, mostly because they have to justify to themselves why they are spending endless quantities of time memorizing words like entstehung.
+Back to Kundera, are we? Perhaps Todd is doing his dissertation on quotes from Kundera applied to any situation? And now the name Kierkegaard rears its misshapen Teutonic head, thereby proving that Nietzsche is not the only hard to spell Germanic philosopher Todd has heard of. And how does he know Kundera's moments of self-doubt aren't, say, Allenesque? Or even Hamletesque? No, Todd goes straight for the high-tone sounding Kierkegaardian, and really, I have to applaud that.
+Todd's less-than-convincing -- dare I say, disingenuous? -- avowal that he doesn't want to squelch creativity (note: not the same thing as "promote creativity") and he is an advocate of "women's writing." It's tragic that Todd doesn't realize that saying, "I am advocate of women's writing," is much like saying, "I'm not prejudiced, some of my best friends are X."
+We could wail and cry because any grad student with a computer and access to the net fancies himself to be a critic of the highest degree, but we don't. Instead, we make fun. It's tragic, however, that Todd believes that a "generation of hacks simply grab you by the shirt collar and refuse to let go," because he has never learned how to use bookmarks or the BACK key.
+Still, Todd's point that there is "this new generation of hacks simply grab you by the shirt collar and refuse to let go until their story has been told" speaks more to his reaction to the journals than it does to the journals or the writers thereof. If I get bored or if a journal is simply too badly written to continue reading, I stop. Todd, for some odd reason, feels compelled to continue. Why?
+This is it, folks: this is the most important paragraph of the piece. Listen up.
+Graphomania literally means "mania to write." Kundera defines it another way, and then Todd reexplains Kundera's definition for us. Where this reexplanation hails from must not be important; no, it's just handed down from Mt. Olympus.
+"Graphomaniacs aspire to make stories out of their lives and thus presume to do a lot of people good." Whoa. Todd first creates the subclass of graphomanics, decides what's they're trying to do and judges them all to be failures. There's a lot of presuming going on here, but I don't think it's the "graphomaniacs" who are doing it.
+Todd continues his preumptions unabated that graphomania (whatever, in fact, that turns out to be) "reflects a singular
+neurosis common to modernity: namely, the need to have an audience, 'a
+public audience of unknown readers.'" Clearly Todd is not familiar with the writing forms known as the novel, the tract, the pamphlet, the sermon, and so on. In fact, this ludicrous proclamation makes me wonder what the hell Todd's problem exactly is.
+He clearly shows his academic doublespeak bias in the sentence that begins "Writing four love letters..." Xeroxing your letters for future publication is egomania. Or maybe it's simply forethought for future ... um ... graduate students. Are letters only valuable if they're found in trunks, bought from family members, or unearthed by accident a hundred years from now? Are they only valuable if they're from Guaranteed Grade-A Academically Accepted Writers? It takes at least a hundred years for a writer to be fully accepted into the canon, and probably even longer these days. (No, I'm not going to justify that comment; sweeping generalizations don't need to be justified, as we've discovered.)
+When did Kundera say this and what did he say it about? Context, context, context. For crying out loud, man, give your references. Surely you've learned how to do that in one of these deconstructionist/analyze things to death classes you've quite evidently taken.
+We may see graphomania as the overpowering conflation of the will to
+truth, the will to power, and ressentiment.
+Todd, just a paragraph ago, said: "Graphomania reflects a singular
+neurosis common to modernity." By modernity I think he means "the present" and not "all creative work in the 'modern' or 'post-modern' schools" ... but hey, who can be sure? So, is Todd saying that at no other time in history people have commiserated? Everyone's experience was vastly different from his or her best friends' experiences? (Not to mention, of course, have writers at no other time in history wanted people they didn't know to read what they've written.)
+By using the phrase "we may see" Todd conveniently leaves himself an out, as in, "we also may not see..." Or perhaps he's just giving us permission to see graphomania in this way, although he doesn't give much justification.
+According to Webster's On-line, ressentiment is "deep-seated resentment, frustration, and hostility accompanied by a sense of being powerless to express these feelings directly" -- but aren't online journals all about expressing these feelings directly, particularly in ways that Todd finds egregious?
+Journals are a "progressive, alternative women's medium [that, not which, Todd] has fortuitously found voice in academe"? This is what we call "intellectual masturbation." Without academe, journals would have no voice? Are you kidding?
+The technique Todd employs here surely has a nice Greek or Latin term created by those who analyze texts, but a slang term might be "carrot-and-stick" or "good cop, bad cop." Journals are an empowering medium ... just not these journals. No, these journals are attempting to sneak into the larger tradition of women's writing while actually being about something else. But Todd doesn't tell us what that something else is. Todd: What is the same old blather? Don't use a comparative without telling us both halves of the equation.
+willa.com
+uchicago.edu
+Sigh. Is it the Self that is essential and virtuous, or the Confession? If he means the Self, Todd's dismissive tone is strange: is the Self not essential? Should women live exclusively for others, as they've been told for thousands of years? If he means the Confession, are Confessions not psychologically healthy for those confessing, if not for those who are hearing said Confession? And is your average on-line journal (note: he doesn't define what he means by that term -- middle of the pack, or something found in each one?) truly about Confession?
+How does Todd define writing? Why do "graphomaniacal confessions" not fall under this header? Be specific. You may use the back of the page.
+Aha! We return to irony. Todd tells us that it is ironic that journalers are blind to the insight given by the confessions. Well, you know -- no duh. No psychology bonus points for Todd.
+What is funniest about his attack on Sage -- and note the stealthy quality of his attack; no out-and-out criticisms, just underhanded juxtapositions of terms, wink wink -- is that Sage has a section of her web pages devoted to parodying another on-line journal that redefines the phrase "blind to [its] own insight." I wonder exactly how Todd spent those "hours over the past three or four years." Certainly not by studying those he's criticizing.
+Todd seems to begin using the passive voice ("the cat was fed wet food") in order to avoid referring to Sage herself. He never mentions Sage's name again, nor does he refer to any other journaler specifically. It's as though Todd's gods (Kundera, Nietzsche, et al.) are far more deserving of specific interaction than are the people whose lives Todd knows a hell of a lot more about.
+Does Sage use the word avant-garde to describe what she likes? No, Todd seems to have come up with it, as an "ironic" way of putting down what Sage does like. The fact of the matter is, in today's society, any set of likes can be described as "avant-garde," "retro," "kitsch," "mainstream," and so on. You can get anyone in your sights. It's cheap but effective, I guess.
+Todd says that "poor quality [characterizes] on-line journals in general," but he never says what has poor quality. The writing, the ideas, the tone? Once again, the amount of generalizing that goes into a tossed-off sentence astounds one. Or at least, it astounds me.
+He finally flings off his protective cloak here and tells us what in fact he's looking for, what he defines as good writing: irony. These writers aren't ironic enough; ergo, they aren't good writers. In fact, their confessions, which are straightforward and therefore not ironic, can't really be termed writing.
+Remember, just two paragraphs ago, when he told us about Sage's likes and dislikes? Wal-Mart and MTV were on the list of dislikes, but here Todd seems to be saying that Sage's marketing techniques -- how she goes after the "others" to connect with -- mesh very nicely with these mass-market icons. If true, that line of reasoning would lead me to think that Sage was being ironic (and therefore good) after all. But Todd's making this up as he goes along, so clearly that never occurred to him.
+I have no idea what he means by the last two sentences of the paragraph. I think what he's saying is that the journalers are fighting against something (their identities?) but political nuance is lost. There may be a prize for the first person to tell me what this means, along with a bonus prize for diagramming both sentences.
+The fact that Todd seems to have missed the great progress forward that anyone -- talented writer, gifted artist, or nobody schmuck -- can publish seems to have been totally lost on him. He can remain one-dimensional and I hope he does, because he can't write either.
+Who will remain one-dimensional?
+Todd acknowledges that he lacks depth?
+Trying to live up to the example of Nietzsche, I presume.
+Actually, Todd's list of givens about what constitutes writing has grown so long as to be absurd and patently unappreciable in the real world. Again, it's this kind of blather (not the same old, though) that gives academic writing its bad name. What the hell is a "writing self"? Is that a person who writes? The part of a person who writes? Why not say writer?
+Todd's inability or unwillingness to understand the true political intent behind "recent government regulations" leads me to ignore anything he says on the subject.
+Kitsch--that is, the need to gaze into the mirror of the beautifying lie and to be moved to tears of gratification at our own reflection. (Kundera).
+A doctoral candidate in what discipline, by the way?
+Session Time: Thu May 14 00:00:00 2009
+[07:47] {vinod} good morning
+[07:48] {nemo} mornin'
+[07:48] {vinod} I am early Have meeting at 8.00
+[07:48] {nemo} in something already vinod?
+[07:49] {vinod} I expect we go down big today
+[07:49] {nemo} I would agree, but that probably means we're wrong
+[07:49] {vinod} they going to let people go today and i have to delet their log on
+[07:49] {nemo} oy weh
+[07:49] {vinod} see you nemo
+[07:50] {nemo} take care vinod
+[08:08] {Threei} Good morning
+[08:08] {magoo} morning
+[08:08] {lamant} morning
+[08:08] {Threei} magooevsky. lamant :)
+[08:09] {magoo} nice :)
+[08:09] {lamant} :) hehe
+[08:09] {magoo} man..i didnt see vnda close 12.96..sheesh
+[08:09] {Threei} no kidding
+[08:09] {Threei} rocket
+[08:10] {magoo} thats one i wish i had a do-over
+[08:10] {Threei} I wish it weren't so incredibly volatile so I could call it with more confidence
+[08:10] {Threei} intuition was screaming it's a mover... discipline said, look at the size of the loss on it if anything goes wrong
+[08:11] {Threei} thing drops a dollar ona a few sales, lol
+[08:11] {Threei} but I am going to tease larisa about it for years to come
+[08:16] {nemo} RIMM CAT FITB TCK DRYS continuuing to trend down from yesterday
+[08:16] {Threei} interestingly enough NQ is green
+[08:17] {magoo} to soon to conclude that nemo imo
+[08:17] {nemo} Didn't say it would continue, that's where they are at the moment
+[08:18] {magoo} oops..sorry
+[08:20] {nemo} no probs...vinod was on earlier, said thinks we'll go down big today. I agreed, and then said, "which probably means we're wrong." I'm a broken clock, dude. Right twice a day
+[08:20] {Threei} hey
+[08:20] {Threei} just make sure you do two trades a day,
+[08:20] {Threei} and time them exactly right with that broken clock moment
+[08:20] {Threei} and you'll retire in no time
+[08:20] {magoo} lol vad
+[08:21] {nemo} piece a cake
+[08:21] {Threei} see? I provide morning sunshine
+[08:21] {magoo} could be extremely successful..take 200k shares twice a day for a dime
+[08:21] {nemo} so what movie we doing today Mags?
+[08:21] {Threei} mags is doing fallen
+[08:21] {Threei} he promised me
+[08:21] {nemo} Azazel
+[08:22] {nemo} "Did I ever tell you about the day I almost died?"
+[08:22] {Threei} hey
+[08:22] {magoo} mags "has"fallen
+[08:22] {Threei} don't sppil it for him
+[08:22] {Threei} spoil
+[08:22] {nemo} "Please allow me to introduce myself..."
+[08:22] {nemo} Great movie mags...
+06[08:23] * Threei slaps magoo around a bit with a large DVD box and list of broken promises
+[08:23] {magoo} put me on the broken promises list
+[08:24] {nemo} Tiiiime is on my side, yes it is...
+[08:25] {Threei} that's not a list you want to be on mags
+[08:26] {Threei} too many politicians for comfort
+[08:30] {Threei} *APR PRODUCER PRICE INDEX M/M: 0.3% V 0.2%E
+[08:30] {nemo} energy probably
+[08:30] {Threei} PPI EX FOOD&ENERGY: 0.1% V 0.1%E
+[08:30] {nemo} there you go
+[08:30] {Threei} *INITIAL JOBLESS CLAIMS: 637K V 610KE; CONTINUING CLAIMS: 6.560M V 6.400ME
+[08:31] {nemo} not as dumb as i look
+[08:31] {Threei} - Prior jobless claims revised from 601K to 605K
+[08:31] {Threei} - Prior Continuing Claims revised from 6.351M to 6.358M
+[08:31] {nemo} then again, NO ONE could be as dumb as I look
+[08:32] {pita} gm all
+[08:33] {Threei} pita :)
+[08:39] {fernp} good morning everybody
+[08:39] {Threei} fern :)
+[08:42] {Threei} WFC is once of stronger finnies
+[08:45] {Threei} things are greening slowly
+[08:46] {nemo} green shoots
+[08:46] {Threei} yeah, them
+[08:46] {pita} need more manure
+[08:46] {Threei} rofl
+[08:46] {Threei} shouldn't be a problem I guess
+[08:47] {pita} there's plenty
+[08:47] {cosmo} it just needs to be refined
+[08:47] {Threei} and presses are still on
+[08:48] {pita} processed - that's what the talking heads do
+[08:50] {cosmo} yeah...they chew on it
+[08:50] {dino} gm all
+[08:51] {Threei} dino :)
+[08:51] {nemo} dino :)
+[08:51] {nemo} What movie today Dino?
+[08:51] {dino} lol
+[08:51] {Threei} oh jeez
+[08:51] {Threei} look at this:
+[08:52] {Threei} WINNIPEG A winter storm watch has been issued for parts of western Manitoba and the Interlake.
+[08:52] {Threei} Environment Canada says a low pressure system in Alberta will track across Saskatchewan today and into Manitoba by tonight.
+[08:52] {Threei} Rain is expected to begin this evening and change to snow overnight, with snow tapering off near midday Friday. Up to 20 centimetres of snow are possible
+[08:52] {Threei} am I ever glad I moved...
+[08:52] {nemo} GLobal warming
+[08:53] {cosmo} every day it starts over again...
+[08:53] {pita} renewal?
+[08:54] {cosmo} the sun
+[08:54] {cosmo} top down
+[08:54] {pita} y
+[08:54] {nemo} bottoms up!
+[08:54] {cosmo} hmmm .... methane from the depths
+[08:54] {nemo} what did you eat?
+[08:55] {cosmo} uppers
+[08:55] {nemo} oy....
+[08:57] {ese} morning vad.....
+[08:58] {ese} nemo cos
+[08:58] {ese} pita
+[08:59] {pita} ese
+[09:00] {nemo} ese ...:)
+[09:02] {Threei} ese :)
+[09:02] {ese} snow in manitoba ehhhhhh....
+[09:02] {dino} rmbs
+[09:04] {jfjf64} mornin
+[09:05] {cosmo} rmbs: another good day in court
+[09:06] {ese} you and me are both glad we moved here vad
+[09:06] {Threei} 05/14/09 09:00am
+[09:06] {Threei} [RMBS] Rambus Inc FTC dismisses case against company
+[09:06] {Threei} - FTC has issued an order dismissing the remainder of its case against Rambus. This follows a recent denial of the Commissions request for certiorari with the US Supreme Court to review the Rambus case and brings the 7- year matter to a close.
+[09:06] {Threei} - In its order, the FTC indicated it would not pursue further proceedings against Rambus in this matter, stating the Commission finds that further litigation in this matter would not be in the public interest.
+[09:08] {Threei} GM
+[09:08] {Threei} CEO: ANY BANKRUPTCY SHOULD BE QUICK TO WORK PROPERLY; DEALER REDUCTIONS CAN FUNCTION IN OR OUT OF BANKRUPTCY
+[09:10] {dptl} good morning all
+[09:10] {Threei} dp :)
+[09:12] {ese} dp
+[09:15] {chinggis} gm all
+[09:15] {Threei} chinggis :)
+[09:19] {jfjf64} whats a matter vad i dont get smiley face!!!
+[09:20] {Threei} sorry jf... RBSM distracted me... went looking for its news and missed your entrance
+[09:20] {Threei} RMBS too
+[09:20] {jfjf64} i know lol lets get em
+[09:21] {Threei} is it deep emotional trauma or,given couple months of nave-gazing and case of vodka you'll be able to overcome?
+[09:22] {Threei} you are not a snowwhite like magoo, are you... once I haven't smiled at him, he was pouting for weeks
+[09:23] {jfjf64} not here
+[09:23] {pita} bright side is..... no one's been trouted...yet
+[09:23] {Threei} we are trying to stay away from fish till 9:24
+[09:24] {pita} :)
+[09:28] {Threei} WFC strength again
+06[09:31] * nemo slaps Threei around a bit with a large trout
+[09:32] {Threei} Long Setup: DRYS .16
+[09:33] {dptl} in
+[09:34] {dptl} stop?
+[09:34] {Threei} under 6
+[09:34] {Threei} sheesh WFC
+[09:35] {dino} holx l .94
+[09:36] {Threei} WFC quick pullback
+[09:36] {Threei} let's see if we get something atound .40 - .50
+[09:36] {nemo} fas
+[09:37] {Threei} DRYS 1:1, half out
+[09:37] {magoo} out druys .27 TY
+[09:37] {fernp} out DRYS ty
+[09:38] {Threei} 6 is major support for it... want to try and give second half a chance
+[09:38] {nemo} out scalp
+[09:38] {chinggis} out drys ty
+[09:38] {Threei} welcome guys
+[09:38] {dptl} half out ty
+[09:38] {Threei} WFC, one more drop please?
+[09:41] {magoo} be careful what u ask for lol
+[09:42] {Threei} picked up half of DRYS back at .10
+[09:42] {Threei} kind of umbrella trade
+[09:43] {wulff} sneaky
+[09:43] {Threei} sold .18
+[09:44] {Threei} not doing it anymore unless it drop closer to 6
+[09:44] {Threei} so I could get it back with very tight stop
+[09:46] {Threei} look at VNDA drop... illustration to its volatility I mentioned earlier
+[09:46] {ese} L RMBS .97 agressive enytry
+[09:47] {dino} nktr
+[09:47] {Threei} WFC becomes more interesting
+[09:47] {Threei} not ready yet
+[09:48] {Threei} NKTR
+[09:48] {Threei} UCB'S CIMZIA(R) APPROVED BY U.S. FDA FOR ADULT PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM MODERATE TO SEVERE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
+[09:48] {ese} stop .77
+[09:49] {dino} prsc
+[09:50] {ese} RMBS stopped -.20
+[09:50] {dino} pru -10 since fri
+[09:50] {ese} ya win some ya loose some
+[09:50] {Threei} if DRYS holding 6, first uptick if for entry second half
+[09:51] {Threei} stop is right under 6 for whole thing
+[09:51] {Threei} out
+[09:52] {Threei} never gave entry to add
+[09:52] {Threei} (thank goodness)
+[09:52] {Threei} look what happens when major support is broken
+[09:52] {dino} pcln -015 since tues
+[09:52] {dino} -15
+[09:54] {pita} WFC?
+[09:55] {Threei} WFC support in .90 for now
+[09:55] {Threei} but FAS is still dropping
+[09:55] {Threei} no indication whether it's a double bottom or breakdown
+[09:57] {Threei} Long Setup: WFC 24 break if holding .90 this time
+[09:57] {nemo} oops
+[09:57] {Threei} too fast?
+[09:57] {dptl} ye
+[09:57] {magoo} i caught .05
+[09:57] {fernp} missed here
+[09:57] {nemo} just call me "thumbs"
+[09:58] {Threei} watch FAS
+[09:58] {Threei} WFC is good for another entry when FAS upticks
+[09:59] {Threei} got .02 this time
+[09:59] {Threei} half out .14
+[09:59] {Threei} out 1/4 more
+[10:00] {Threei} stop .99, offering .30
+[10:00] {nemo} didn't see fas uptick until WFC had left station
+[10:00] {Threei} it did, right when WFC was .01
+[10:00] {Threei} mags... exiting any??
+[10:01] {magoo} out full .28 here TY
+[10:01] {Threei} whew
+[10:02] {Threei} out .30
+[10:02] {dino} vrtx
+[10:02] {Threei} US HOUSE DEMOCRATS REPORTEDLY CONSIDERING PROPOSAL TO MANDATE HEALTH INSURANCE
+[10:02] {nemo} Massachusetts did that. You have to buy it
+[10:04] {dino} sm l aipc .64
+[10:04] {Threei} watch FAS/BAC pair now
+[10:04] {Threei} 11 break is idea for BAC
+[10:05] {magoo} too funny hit .99
+[10:05] {Threei} too fast again
+[10:05] {nemo} yeah
+[10:05] {Threei} pulling back
+[10:05] {magoo} outbac
+[10:05] {magoo} dimer
+[10:05] {Threei} brief dive under 11 iswhat I want to see for entry
+[10:05] {magoo} .08 actually
+[10:06] {Threei} yeah right
+[10:07] {ese} I think that push down by drys might signal a turn around.....
+[10:08] {Threei} Long Setup: LVS .80 break
+[10:09] {Threei} watch MGM
+[10:09] {Threei} LVS is aggressive entry when MGM upticks
+[10:10] {Threei} in
+[10:10] {Threei} .55 stop
+[10:11] {Threei} come on MGM, break .80
+[10:11] {dptl} in .62
+[10:11] {Threei} yep, that's what I got too
+[10:12] {magoo} .64
+[10:13] {Threei} half out .72
+[10:13] {dptl} out half
+[10:13] {Threei} scalpers have over 1;1
+[10:14] {Threei} stop .59 now
+[10:14] {Threei} MGM drops
+[10:14] {Threei} okay okay
+[10:14] {Threei} out
+[10:14] {jfjf64} ty vad
+[10:15] {Threei} what's with these nervous movements today
+[10:15] {dptl} out.56
+[10:15] {Threei} market is like high school grad 1 hour before prom
+[10:15] {dino} pru
+[10:15] {jfjf64} joecool here
+[10:15] {magoo} f'in WFC
+[10:16] {Threei} WFC should drop into .50 now mags
+[10:16] {Threei} if you like it, watch for entry around there with FAS guidance
+[10:17] {Threei} FED CONFIRMS COUPON PASS
+[10:17] {Threei} what's that?
+[10:17] {Threei} Long Setup: MGM .65
+[10:18] {Threei} scalpers aim to axit above .70
+[10:18] {Threei} with stop under .60
+[10:18] {Threei} daytraders hold with stop under .50
+[10:19] {Threei} and look to partial close to .80
+[10:19] {Threei} you got your WFC magoo?
+[10:19] {Threei} hit .53, like clockwork
+[10:19] {magoo} no u like?
+[10:19] {Threei} don't know didn't watch it at the moment
+[10:19] {Threei} assumed you did
+[10:20] {dptl} in mgm .87
+[10:20] {dptl} .67
+[10:20] {Threei} scared the hell out of me dp
+[10:20] {nemo} in .66
+[10:20] {Threei} but even .67 a bit too high...
+[10:20] {Threei} trigger was .65, adn was easily available
+[10:21] {nemo} out ty
+[10:21] {Threei} scalpers got their target
+[10:22] {ese} bstop drys .17
+[10:23] {dptl} out
+[10:23] {ese} sorry that bstop is .19
+[10:23] {dptl} .72
+[10:23] {Threei} guys, let's elaborate definitions
+[10:23] {Threei} Long Setup: ABCD 20 break
+[10:24] {Threei} means buy when broken
+[10:24] {Threei} unless you want aggresive entry of course
+[10:24] {jfjf64} cant pull up
+[10:24] {Threei} prepare limit entry at 20.03 if 3 cents chansing is your limit of tolreance
+[10:25] {Threei} and click buy when 20 offers disappear
+[10:25] {Threei} now,
+[10:25] {Threei} Long Setup: ABCD 20
+[10:25] {Threei} means, 20 itself is a trigger,
+[10:25] {Threei} prepare 20.01 entry,
+[10:25] {Threei} don't be a first buyer unless stock is thin
+[10:25] {Threei} and try to grab 20 when buying starts and offers melt down
+[10:26] {Threei} worst casde scenario, get 20.01
+[10:26] {magoo} out .77 MGM ty
+[10:26] {Threei} call for .65 entry was caused by the fact that MGM topped at .64 twice
+[10:26] {Threei} day traders got 1:1 on MGM
+[10:26] {dino} pru wall at .50
+[10:27] {Threei} so, .65 became a trigger,
+[10:27] {Threei} but since there was a scalping version for a very small gain in this play
+[10:27] {Threei} I didn't want to say .64 break, which leaves too much room
+[10:27] {Threei} and opted for strict .65
+[10:28] {Threei} hope it's clear
+[10:30] {dino} sm l .50
+[10:30] {ese} bstop intc .48
+[10:30] {nemo} of what dino pru?
+[10:30] {dino} y
+[10:30] {ese} couple of bstops we'll see what happens
+[10:31] {wulff} I tried to buy ABCD but missed it.
+[10:31] {nemo} you used capitals?
+[10:32] {dino} stop to .47 mkt drop
+[10:33] {nemo} tchk?
+[10:33] {nemo} tck?
+[10:34] {ese} L intc
+[10:35] {wulff} HIG
+[10:35] {magoo} WFC vad..read?
+[10:35] {dino} to .80
+[10:36] {magoo} seems 25 comiyth
+[10:36] {dino} out +.30
+[10:40] {Threei} let's leave WFC alone for now
+[10:40] {Threei} HIG feels like better candidate
+[10:45] {dino} feels like a friday
+[10:52] {dino} holx stopped -.22
+[10:52] {Threei} sheesh LVS
+[10:53] {magoo} really
+[10:59] {ese} l drys filled at .18
+[11:01] {Threei} SEC PROPOSES STRICTER RULES FOR INVESTMENT ADVISORS THAT HOLD CLIENTS' ASSETS
+[11:01] {Threei} - auditors will have to be registered with PCAOB audit watchdog
+[11:03] {Threei} LVS
+[11:03] {Threei} dropped right into .80 support
+[11:03] {nemo} an...
+[11:04] {Threei} let's see if it gives chance for entry by approaching it once again, before going back up
+[11:04] {Threei} first strength from here
+[11:04] {Threei} in
+[11:04] {Threei} stop under .80
+[11:04] {dptl} in .06
+[11:05] {dptl} .86
+[11:05] {magoo} .90
+[11:05] {magoo} dammit:)
+[11:05] {Threei} sheesh
+[11:05] {Threei} mags... what;s with relentless chasing
+[11:05] {Threei} anyway
+[11:05] {Threei} out
+[11:05] {Threei} .98
+[11:05] {dptl} out .96 ty
+[11:05] {magoo} slow
+[11:05] {jfjf64} .96 ty nicee
+[11:05] {Threei} clean play on pullback into formet resistance, new support
+[11:06] {magoo} out .03
+[11:06] {chinggis} out 9.01 ty ty
+[11:06] {nemo} tck keeps going
+[11:06] {magoo} i just got to desk from coffee run
+[11:06] {magoo} never saw .86
+[11:06] {jfjf64} could not of said bettr picture perfect
+[11:07] {dino} crmt
+[11:07] {dino} t l .15
+[11:08] {Threei} pelosi on interrogation techniques and hw she was or was not briefed
+[11:08] {Threei} is there any sngle person in USA who believes her?
+[11:09] {nemo} lying pisd..!
+[11:10] {nemo} wfc va
+[11:10] {nemo} vd
+[11:10] {nemo} vad
+[11:10] {nemo} jeez
+[11:11] {nemo} Vad's school of keyboard wizardry
+[11:11] {vinod} good afternoon
+[11:11] {Threei} vinod :)
+[11:12] {jfjf64} fas 9.00
+[11:12] {jfjf64} tough ##
+[11:14] {Threei} I keep waiting for HIG pulback and not getting it
+[11:14] {Threei} too conditioned to ignore breakouts lately
+[11:14] {nemo} one of the financials really pulling back
+[11:14] {nemo} none
+[11:15] {dino} glre
+[11:15] {wulff} too conditioned to ignore pullbacks am i
+[11:21] {ese} ok out intc .55 +.07 huge lot....am done for the day all still long drys.....see you tomorow
+[11:23] {dino} gj es
+[11:23] {Threei} take care ese
+[11:26] {jfjf64} sellin hig
+[11:32] {nemo} how'd the hatchet job go vinod?
+[11:32] {Threei} Short Setup: HIG .25 break
+[11:33] {dptl} in
+[11:33] {magoo} in
+[11:33] {nemo} in
+[11:34] {nemo} stop?
+[11:34] {dptl} stop .35?
+[11:34] {Threei} stop above .35
+[11:34] {Threei} for hardcore scalpers above .30
+[11:35] {Threei} and they are about to get their 1;1
+[11:35] {Threei} there they go
+[11:36] {Threei} 1:1 for first version of stop
+[11:37] {dptl} half out .15 ty
+[11:37] {pita} HIG ty, gotta go, cu later
+[11:37] {Threei} take care pita
+[11:37] {magoo} take care pita
+[11:40] {magoo} out
+[11:40] {dptl} all out now
+[11:40] {Threei} you guys are really stingy
+[11:40] {nemo} shorting on an up day
+[11:41] {Threei} is it a "tsk tsk tsk" kind of comment?
+[11:41] {nemo} tck tck tck
+[11:42] {Threei} because if it's a question, I can explain... but if it's a reproach, I take tomorrow off
+[11:42] {Threei} and the rest of today
+[11:42] {nemo} no reproach
+[11:42] {Threei} and whole weekend
+[11:42] {Threei} come on
+[11:43] {Threei} say yes reproach
+[11:43] {nemo} I prefer admonishment
+[11:43] {Threei} more than tghree syllables
+[11:43] {nemo} out
+[11:44] {dptl} what is it, reproach?
+[11:44] {nemo} approach
+06[11:44] * Threei sends dp The Dictionary of Under Three Syllables Words
+[11:45] {Threei} 1;2
+[11:45] {dptl} oh here is my .05 hig..ye too stingy i am :)
+[11:45] {Threei} 1/4 more out
+[11:45] {Threei} why modify the standard procedure?
+[11:45] {Threei} 1:1, stop to breakeven
+[11:45] {Threei} which would be .25 - .26
+[11:45] {Threei} what kind of stop was that, above .20?
+[11:45] {Threei} not here nor there
+06[11:46] * dptl slaps dptl around a bit with a large trout
+[11:46] {Threei} ty
+[11:46] {Threei} slap nemo with something hard and heavy while you are at it
+06[11:46] * dptl slaps nemo around a bit with a large trout
+06[11:46] * nemo in foxhole
+[11:47] {Threei} btw, speaking of standard procedures...
+[11:48] {Threei} where is the stop for the last portion now?
+[11:48] {magoo} 05
+[11:48] {dptl} .05
+[11:48] {nemo} .05
+[11:48] {Threei} and before this last bounce?
+[11:48] {dptl} .22
+[11:48] {magoo} huh?
+[11:48] {Threei} lol
+[11:49] {nemo} 1:1
+[11:49] {dptl} no .12
+[11:49] {Threei} never mind magoo...
+[11:49] {Threei} nemo gets the prise
+[11:49] {Threei} out last portion
+[11:49] {magoo} long here .05
+[11:49] {nemo} what I win what I win what I win :)
+[11:49] {Threei} ummm... prize to be determined yet
+[11:50] {nemo} Larry retire?
+[11:50] {Threei} I guess
+[11:52] {Threei} Long Setup: HIG .05 break
+[11:52] {Threei} if stays above 14 for those hardcore etcm
+[11:52] {magoo} echo??
+[11:52] {Threei} if stays above .95 for sane traders
+[11:52] {magoo} [11:49] {magoo} long here .05
+[11:52] {dptl} in
+[11:53] {Threei} you are welcome to view it as validation, magooski {G}
+[11:53] {nemo} cmon give me .07!
+[11:54] {nemo} in
+[11:54] {nemo} stop @ .00
+[11:55] {Threei} pesky hardcore etc got their 1:1
+[11:56] {dptl} out ty
+[11:56] {Threei} stingy ones too
+[11:57] {nemo} out ty
+[11:57] {jfjf64} out ty
+[11:57] {Threei} sane ones got their 1;1
+[11:57] {nemo} lunchtime scalps
+[11:57] {Threei} then there is magoo...
+[11:58] {magoo} WFC rips
+[11:59] {nemo} sw that Mags
+[11:59] {magoo} in 02 WFC'
+[11:59] {nemo} saw
+[12:00] {Threei} WFC
+[12:00] {Threei} MOODY'S UPGRADES SOME RATINGS; PREFERRED STOCK TO BA3 FROM B2
+[12:00] {Threei} - BFSR ratings to C- from D+; cites imrpovement in capital ratios
+[12:00] {Threei} wow
+[12:00] {Threei} that's first rathing upgrade I've seen since
+[12:00] {Threei} ummm
+[12:00] {Threei} forever
+[12:01] {magoo} out here .16
+[12:02] {magoo} new HIGH SPY
+[12:02] {Threei} HIG on the move
+[12:03] {magoo} phone for u vad..its LVS
+[12:03] {jfjf64} lol mags
+[12:03] {nemo} reentry on hig over .20?
+[12:04] {Threei} no
+[12:04] {Threei} don't buy tisk
+[12:05] {Threei} interesting how MGM is so much weaker
+[12:08] {Threei} sheesh
+[12:08] {Threei} 20 people in the room, no one asked what tisk is?
+[12:09] {nemo} risk
+[12:09] {nemo} Vaadish
+[12:09] {Threei} either you all are proficient in Threeish,
+[12:09] {nemo} do I get another prize
+[12:09] {Threei} or you all are asleep,
+[12:09] {Threei} you sure do
+[12:09] {patience} vad, i need a refresher course on trade what you see. I keep waiting for POT to drop and the sod keeps going up. What is tisk?
+[12:09] {Threei} risk :)
+[12:10] {nemo} patience...[12:08] {&Threei} 20 people in the room, no one asked what tisk is?
+[12:10] {nemo} [12:09] {nemo} risk
+06[12:10] * nemo slaps laserdave around a bit with a large narwhal
+[12:10] {patience} i'm distracted with POT...I can't believe it keeps going up
+[12:10] {Threei} every print can be viewed as someone buying riskm and someone selling risk
+06[12:10] * nemo hopes he didn't get laserdave with the tusk
+[12:11] {magoo} out hig here .26..not bad for nut job:)
+[12:11] {Threei} there is certain level where it's reasonable
+[12:11] {Threei} and then there is magoo :)
+[12:11] {Threei} with HIG entry at .05 it is reasonable ro hold for .20 break,
+[12:11] {Threei} but to buy there as a new entry - buying too much risk
+[12:12] {Threei} anyway, glad to see we played HIG on both sides
+[12:12] {Threei} like violing.. short, cover, switch to long
+[12:12] {Threei} violing?
+[12:12] {Threei} sigh
+[12:13] {jfjf64} double good
+[12:13] {nemo} Although, since I first asked about 20 break it built a range for about 7 minutes before breaking. WHile buildig the range volume decreased from initial pop over .20 and then increased when it broke .20 the 3rd time.
+[12:13] {Threei} or as old little Johnny joke goes, twice is twice
+[12:13] {nemo} at the same time?
+[12:14] {Threei} it made a play more reasonable
+[12:14] {nemo} Isn't that little misha
+[12:14] {Threei} and if HIG wasn't up over two bucks already from the low, I would go for it
+[12:15] {nemo} would have been a scalp. Is HIG possibly coming into support here?
+[12:25] {Threei} CHRYSLER SALES CHIEF: THE 789 DEALERS AFFECTED BY CUTOFF HAVE AROUND 44K VEHICLES ON THEIR LOTS
+[12:25] {Threei} - notes there is no appeal process for the dealers that are being cut
+[12:26] {Threei} what a frikin disaster...
+[12:26] {Threei} Long Setup: LVS .50 break
+[12:26] {Threei} just a scalp most likelyt
+[12:27] {Threei} no chasing beyond .51
+[12:27] {dptl} in
+[12:27] {nemo} that was quick
+[12:27] {magoo} INNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
+[12:27] {magoo} .49
+[12:28] {dptl} stop under .40 right?
+[12:28] {nemo} in
+[12:28] {Threei} or under .45
+[12:28] {Threei} both are valid
+[12:29] {Threei} for differenet degrees of stingyness
+[12:29] {nemo} partial fill
+[12:29] {Threei} 1:1 for most stingy
+[12:30] {nemo} ty
+[12:30] {dptl} out
+[12:30] {Threei} 1:1 for less stingy
+[12:30] {magoo} i can nebver remember if im stingy..greey..insane?
+[12:30] {nemo} or all three
+[12:31] {Threei} you are all things imaginable, mags
+[12:31] {Threei} oh and some of unimaginable too
+[12:31] {dptl} jee i am tooo stingy today
+[12:31] {nemo} frickin antichrist
+[12:31] {wulff} TY out .62
+[12:31] {Threei} hey
+[12:31] {Threei} guess who is on TV
+[12:31] {Threei} wulff :)
+[12:31] {nemo} Oprah?
+[12:31] {Threei} you wish
+[12:31] {nemo} Hillary?
+[12:32] {nemo} Janene Garofalo?
+[12:32] {magoo} out here .68 TY vader lord of flies
+[12:32] {Threei} 1:2
+[12:32] {Threei} out in full
+[12:32] {jfjf64} ty
+[12:32] {Threei} welcome
+[12:32] {jfjf64} schhss
+[12:32] {Threei} say what?
+[12:32] {Threei} actually... never mind
+[12:33] {Threei} schhss to you too
+[12:33] {jfjf64} lol
+[12:36] {Threei} GM
+[12:36] {Threei} REPORTEDLY PREPARING NEW BUYOUT OFFERS FOR UAW WORKERS TO FURTHER REDUCE ITS WORKFORCE AND CUT COSTS; NEW ATTRITION PLAN COULD INCLUDE A MIXTURE OF CASH PAYOUT AND CAR VOUCHERS
+[12:37] {vinod} a new cady?
+[12:37] {jfjf64} are ya serious car vouchers
+[12:37] {Threei} me?
+[12:38] {Threei} I am copying and pasting
+[12:38] {Threei} shoot the messenger all you wish
+[12:39] {Threei} now UAW is thinking:
+[12:39] {Threei} we can accpet all those alms,
+[12:39] {vinod} UAW workers will be census taker jobs to count the half dozen or so of people who still remain in Detroit
+[12:39] {Threei} or we can stand firm, send them to bankruptcy and get them for ourselves just as we did Chrysler
+[12:41] {vinod} out DRYS 6.30 from earlier in morning
+[12:43] {Threei} not bad
+[12:43] {vinod} they let some people go today and i was bussy
+[12:44] {vinod} let people go from mutual fund group only
+[12:45] {jfjf64} hig shortable14.10
+[12:45] {jfjf64} ?
+[12:46] {Threei} not sure
+[12:47] {jfjf64} ty
+[12:50] {jfjf64} invalid i cd say thanks
+[12:55] {chinggis} Vad any read on BRCD?
+[12:56] {Threei} I like the chart... just feels like its potential for the day is exhausted
+[12:56] {Threei} or very close to it
+[12:56] {Threei} unless market makes a huge move, BCRD doesn't have much gas left for the day
+[12:57] {Threei} wow... Prez... "even if you are not a member of union, you owe something to the unions"
+[12:57] {chinggis} ok ty vad
+[12:57] {nemo} you've got to be shitting me?!
+[12:57] {Threei} live on TV
+[12:58] {nemo} well, they were a huge reason democrats were elected, they'll be paying them off for years
+[12:58] {Threei} free choice act will level playing fieled
+[12:58] {nemo} free choice?
+[13:00] {Threei} do away with secret ballot on union drives
+[13:00] {nemo} no, that won't level the playing field, it let's the unions know exactly who is voting for what so they can apply pressure
+[13:01] {Threei} preaching to the choire
+[13:02] {Threei} I was quoting still, in case it wasn't clear
+[13:02] {magoo} hey vad..i eatring bacon cheeseburg
+[13:02] {Threei} see you in an hour
+[13:02] {Threei} magoo did it
+[13:03] {nemo} Mmmmh...FITB had a 9.2% increase in short interest last month
+[13:18] {Threei} interesting
+[13:19] {Threei} look how HIG is holding while market and FAS drop
+[13:19] {nemo} in
+[13:19] {nemo} just kidding
+[13:20] {magoo} dammit..dumped my coke on keyboard
+[13:20] {magoo} son of a beeeaaatch
+[13:20] {nemo} liquid?
+[13:20] {Threei} you guys are easy to humor eh?
+[13:21] {nemo} and your's is so sophisticate
+[13:21] {nemo} d
+[13:23] {magoo} BKUNA vad
+[13:27] {Threei} BIDDERS HAVE REPORTEDLY ASKED REGULATORS TO PUT BANKUNITED INTO RECEIVERSHIP BEFORE SELLING ASSETS; DEADLINE FOR BIDS EXTENDED TO MAY 19
+[13:27] {Threei} - private equity groups reportedly want BKUNA in receivership because it would allow them to buy the assets without paying for the equity.
+[13:27] {Threei} - Note: Bidders rumored in past have included JC Flowers and Co, BX, Carlyle Group and Wilbur Ross
+[13:28] {Threei} this is beyond joke:
+[13:28] {Threei} US HOUSE SPEAKER PELOSI: CANNOT YET SAY WHETHER SECOND STIMULUS PACKAGE IS NEEDED AT THIS TIME
+[13:28] {Threei} - Notes that the first stimulus package has yet to realize its full potential
+[13:28] {vinod} mor viagra?
+[13:29] {vinod} any long short?
+[13:29] {nemo} for pelosi! It would take more than viagra for me
+[13:31] {vinod} no. comment. boss will get mad!!!!!!!!!!
+[13:39] {jfjf64} lvs strong mgm sleep walkin again
+[13:43] {dino} pretty sure it hasn't passed yet
+[13:44] {jfjf64} i agree
+[13:44] {dino} arst sm l .90
+[13:48] {Threei} feels like HIG is setting up for another martch up
+[13:50] {jfjf64} hmm
+[13:52] {magoo} lvs nears top vad
+[13:54] {magoo} mgm moving vad
+[13:54] {Threei} thanks for keeping me updated mags...
+[13:54] {magoo} long .28
+[13:55] {magoo} huh?
+[13:55] {Threei} well... you take extra pain to let me know what moves.. so I thought I would exp]ress appreciation
+[13:56] {magoo} just team player here
+[13:59] {wulff} vad the market closes in 2 hours
+[13:59] {Threei} wow
+[13:59] {Threei} you guys are just bottomless well of information today {G}
+[13:59] {Threei} truly inexhaustible
+[13:59] {nemo} deep subject
+[14:00] {magoo} roflol wulff
+[14:01] {Threei} lol, still giggling here
+[14:01] {wulff} Missed FAs bounce
+[14:01] {magoo} MGM MGM MGM
+[14:01] {Threei} HIG too
+[14:02] {magoo} LVS LVS
+[14:08] {wulff} I know you hate BO's, but LVS C-H?
+[14:08] {magoo} out mgm .40
+[14:14] {magoo} out hig .88 TY boss
+[14:16] {Threei} I don't hate them per se wulff
+[14:16] {Threei} I just don't believe we are in the market where they work
+[14:20] {wulff} picky picky
+[14:20] {jfjf64} hig monster
+[14:23] {magoo} new high in micspoozy
+[14:23] {magoo} SPY
+[14:28] {magoo} vad..only 90 minutes left
+[14:29] {dptl} i think i'm gonna call it a day (good one) ty... and have a good evening all :)
+[14:29] {Threei} mags... we are running at frikin 100% today... is there limit to your demands??? :)
+[14:29] {Threei} take care dp
+[14:29] {magoo} no
+[14:29] {Threei} lol, didn't think so
+[14:33] {magoo} pissed u had to ask?
+[14:33] {magoo} lol
+[14:33] {Threei} hehe
+[14:38] {magoo} micspooz
+[14:38] {magoo} high
+[14:39] {jfjf64} market new highs vad
+[14:40] {dino} arst to flat
+[14:40] {Threei} sigh
+[14:40] {Threei} you guys really want to rid me of the crown of Captain Obvious
+[14:41] {jfjf64} no we realy want hig pullback lol
+[14:42] {Threei} here it is
+[14:42] {jfjf64} need fas to corporate
+[14:43] {nemo} look at the volumes on the indices
+[14:44] {Threei} on a light side
+[14:44] {nemo} anorexic
+[14:46] {dino} aipc stop to .97 alldayer
+[14:47] {jfjf64} hig
+[14:47] {Threei} ok
+[14:47] {Threei} prepare half lot if you want to paly it
+[14:48] {jfjf64} k
+[14:48] {Threei} 15 break
+[14:48] {Threei} stop under .95
+[14:48] {Threei} this type of plays ca take a few tries
+[14:48] {Threei} that's why half lot, so you could do it without to much damange
+[14:49] {dino} make it .02 mkt drop
+[14:49] {Threei} and no chasing
+[14:49] {Threei} it's a precision play
+[14:50] {Threei} 1:1
+[14:50] {fernp} out ty
+[14:50] {Threei} nice and easy
+[14:50] {jfjf64} out ty
+[14:51] {dino} to .14
+[14:52] {jfjf64} that was stress
+[14:52] {jfjf64} good read with half lot
+[14:52] {dino} out .20 ave, +.56
+[14:53] {Threei} well jf... government thinks banks are better for the stress tests
+[14:53] {Threei} same probably should apply to you
+[14:54] {Threei} and hey... where does the stress come from... we run at 100% today, no single stop,
+[14:54] {laserdave} test
+[14:54] {Threei} littgle play half lot with 6-7 cents stop,
+06[14:54] * nemo slaps laserdave around a bit with a large trout
+[14:54] {Threei} how can it be that stressful? "_
+[14:54] {laserdave} i needed that
+[14:54] {laserdave} thanks
+[14:54] {nemo} np
+06[14:55] * Threei slaps laserdave around a bit with a large banner TEST THIS!
+[14:55] {jfjf64} seems lk hig wants to gv all back
+[14:55] {laserdave} i always pass the test
+[14:57] {dino} arst stopped .94, +.04
+[14:57] {nemo} hig crossback 15?
+[14:57] {Threei} nah
+[14:57] {jfjf64} im thinkin too much
+[14:58] {Threei} lower lowes, lolwer highs
+[14:58] {nemo} better you than me?
+[14:58] {Threei} why go second time for teh same trigger,
+[14:58] {Threei} to have less potential and bigger stop?
+[14:58] {Threei} for this trigger to become valid HIG needs to stop making lower lows,
+[14:59] {Threei} consolidate a bit
+[14:59] {Threei} then break
+[14:59] {Threei} otherwise chances of false break arwe too high
+[15:00] {Threei} VNDA
+[15:00] {Threei} TO PRESENT DATA ON FANAPT AND TASIMELTEON AT THE 162ND AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING
+[15:00] {Threei} - will present posters on its newly approved atypical antipsychotic, Fanapt (iloperidone), at the 162nd American Psychiatric Association (APA) annual meeting in San Francisco, California. Fanapt is indicated for the acute treatment of schizophrenia in adults. Vanda will also present two posters on tasimelteon at APA
+[15:11] {dino} ddrx
+[15:11] {dino} ens
+[15:13] {Threei} hey guys... rounds of applause for Larisa who came out of retirement for an hour to say hello
+[15:14] {Threei} sleepy or jealous?
+[15:15] {larisa} or dead :) later :)
+[15:15] {Threei} :)
+[15:15] {jfjf64} hi larissa
+[15:15] {Threei} to late
+[15:21] {Threei} hmmm
+[15:21] {Threei} HIG stopped following FAS up
+[15:22] {Threei} server hiccup?
+[15:22] {nemo} i'm fine
+[15:22] {fernp} me too
+[15:22] {nemo} connection wise
+[15:22] {Threei} 9 people got dumped at the same time
+[15:27] {Threei} they return
+[15:27] {nemo} Hah! Lord Vader you have Capt. Kirk to contend with...
+[15:28] {jfjf64} is this a wedge hig
+[15:28] {Threei} it makes meaningless momvements here,
+[15:29] {Threei} market/FAS next move will define whast HIG does,
+[15:29] {nemo} or to be grammatically correct... with whom to contend. Well, off for the day...sayonara
+[15:29] {Threei} with downward bias most likely
+[15:29] {Threei} take care nemo
+[15:29] {jfjf64} ty
+[15:29] {nemo} Take it any way I can get it :)
+[15:30] {vinod} nemo-you had it right i said at 8.00 a.m market will do down
+[15:31] {dino} wrld s .16
+[15:33] {Threei} wow
+[15:33] {Threei} little did I know typing "downward bias" eh?
+[15:34] {jfjf64} hmm
+[15:35] {jfjf64} all day follow fas
+[15:38] {Threei} I even prepared alert typed
+[15:38] {Threei} if market breaks down, HIG .90 short
+[15:39] {Threei} and refrained
+[15:40] {dino} bstop wrld to b/e
+[15:41] {fernp} have to go. good evening all. see you tomorrow
+[15:41] {dino} to .12
+[15:41] {dino} cya fernp
+[15:41] {Threei} take care fern
+[15:45] {dino} cov .12 +.04
+[15:47] {jfjf64} good night all nice day ty
+[15:48] {Threei} wait jf
+[15:48] {Threei} I need to show you this guys
+[15:48] {dino} cya jf
+[15:48] {jfjf64} here
+[15:48] {Threei} Eighty-four percent (84%) of Americans say English should be the official language of the United States.
+[15:48] {Threei} I have a queatikon
+[15:48] {Threei} why is it even a subject of syrvey??
+[15:49] {Threei} Eighty-one percent (81%) say a U.S. company should be allowed to require employees to speak English on the job
+[15:49] {Threei} ???
+[15:50] {Threei} that's so weird
+[15:50] {jfjf64} crazy
+[15:51] {Threei} volume is fairly questionable today
+[15:51] {Threei} although buying looked quite sustainable
+[15:52] {Threei} shrug
+[15:52] {Threei} no predictions, taking it day by day
+[15:56] {Threei} okay guys, nice day today
+[15:56] {Threei} as always... market changes, takes us a day or two to adapt, then we restore our wining streak
+[15:56] {dino} wrld s .20 sm
+[15:57] {Threei} thank you all
+[15:57] {Threei} have a good evening
+[15:57] {Threei} see you tomorrow
+[15:58] {dino} take care vad
+[16:00] {magoo} ty all
+Spay/Neuter Information and Resources
+What is Spaying / Neutering?
+Spaying is the surgical removal of the uterus and both ovaries. Neutering is the surgical removal of both testes. Both are painless procedures done under anesthesia. This is also called "altering" or "fixing" your pet.
+A simple surgery can eliminate or greatly reduce health risks that could end your pet's life.
+Spaying eliminates the possibility of uterine or ovarian cancers, and reduces the likelihood of breast cancer & mammary tumors.
+Spaying eliminates heat periods. Not only are heat periods messy and bothersome, but dogs "in heat" may experience more behavior problems.
+Spaying eliminates the possibility of pregnancy or birthing complications, which can be expensive, difficult to treat, and can lead to death.
+Neutering eliminates testicular cancer and reduces the likelihood of prostate cancer, certain hernias, and tumors.
+Spaying or neutering does NOT make your pet fat or lazy-lack of exercise and poor diet can make your pet fat and lazy.
+A simple surgery can eliminate or greatly reduce your pet's desire to wander.
+An unneutered male will sometimes go through invisible fences, jump over fences or even jump through windows to get to an in-heat female he smells up to 3 miles away.
+An unspayed female will also be more likely to wander.
+An unaltered pet increases the problem of strays wandering on your property. This wandering increases the chances of your pet getting lost, stolen, hit by a vehicle, or injured by other animals and killed.
+A simple surgery can eliminate or greatly reduce some behavior problems.
+Neutering can eliminate territorial marking, including cats' spraying and dogs' marking everything in sight.
+Pregnant pets sometimes develop problems such as aggression, eliminating in the house, constant crying, and over protectiveness. For some, these behaviors never go away.
+Neutering reduces the embarrassing mounting behavior many dogs exhibit to other dogs, children and adults.
+A simple surgery can make your family safer.
+Unneutered dogs are almost 3 times more likely to bite than neutered dogs.
+A pregnant pet, or new mother, can become very overprotective and territorial-even aggressive-and very dangerous for children to be near.
+A simple surgery can save you money.
+License and impound fees in many counties are cheaper for spayed and neutered pets than unaltered pets.
+A spay surgery is cheaper than the care for a new mother and offspring.
+A neuter surgery is cheaper than the possible veterinary care your pet will require after he has been in a fight with another male.
+The increased possibility of health problems and injuries from wandering means there's a good chance you will be paying much more in veterinary care for unaltered pets.
+Since spayed/neutered pets are less likely to exhibit marking behavior, your furniture, carpet, and belongings will not be ruined by dog or cat urine.
+So you think you don't want to alter your pet because you want to breed?
+Consider the following:
+7 dogs and cats are born every day for each person born in the United States.
+Your pet may be a carrier of a genetic disease. This means that although your pet appears healthy, he/she may pass on health problems to his/her offspring. Responsible breeders ensure the health of the next generation by having both potential parents undergo a series of genetic screenings, health tests, and certifications. Potential buyers will ask to see these certifications.
+An animal's physical traits are not the only things that are passed to the next generation, behavior traits are also hereditary. For example, if your pet is aggressive, nervous, has separation anxiety, and/or has been impossible to housebreak- his/her offspring will be the exact same way.
+Responsible breeding is time consuming, expensive (breeding will COST you money), and can be heartbreaking. Responsible breeders want to improve the breed, not just increase the number of them. Just some of the NECESSARY expenses include: genetic screening and health tests to be sure you are not condemning a whole litter of animals to a lifetime of health and/or behavior problems, feeding mom and her babies, vaccinating everyone, ear cropping and tail docking if necessary, and possible expenses from pregnancy complications.
+Responsible breeders are committed to the animals they bring into this world FOR LIFE. A responsible breeder will take back any animal which can not stay in his/her home. Responsible breeders would never let their pets end up in shelters or rescue organizations.
+Animal Outreach Spay/Neuter Assistance Program (SNAP)
+The Animal Outreach
+Spay/Neuter Assistance Program
+(SNAP) is designed to provide a low cost spay/neuter option for individuals and families who are currently receiving public assistance in central Ohio. Individuals interested in using the SNAP program must complete an application and submit proof of public assistance as well as the appropriate fees. SNAP is a voucher program that allows qualified individuals to have their pets altered at a designated veterinary clinic.
+Currently, all vet clinics are in the Columbus area.
+Low Cost Spay/Neuter Resources..
+By The Humane Society of the United States
+STATEWIDE/NATIONAL
+ASPCAspay.org
+Spay USA
+1-800-248-SPAY
+Friends of Animals
+1-800-321-PETS
+M.A.S.H.
+See listing under Franklin County
+Franklin County (Columbus)
+M.A.S.H. (Mobile Animal Sterilization Hospital and Nomad Veterinary Service)
+CATS ONLY - Columbus-based. Can be booked for out-of-town visits.
+(614) 348-7298
+Citizen's For Humane Action
+Columbus, OH
+Low-Cost Spay/Neuter, services, shots, etc.
+Franklin County Dog Shelter
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 462-5581
+Livingston Animal Hospital
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 231-8262
+VetsCare
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 777-4339
+Affordable Pet Care
+Hilliard, OH
+(614) 777-4339
+Care Pet Clinic
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 252-4353
+Cat Welfare Association (cats only)
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 268-6096
+Pet Concern
+Columbus, OH
+(614) 885-3186
+The Spay/Neuter Clinic (two locations)
+North Columbus, OH
+(614) 761-7551
+or
+South Columbus, OH
+(614) 367-9933
+Butler County (Hamilton, Fairfield, Oxford, Middletown)
+Animal Friends Humane Society
+Trenton, OH
+(513) 867-5727
+MARX (Minimizing Animal Reproduction without Extremes)
+(Mobile s/n clinic for feral and pet cats)
+Middletown, OH
+(513) 465-3295
+Columbiana County (Salem, Columbiana, East Liverpool)
+Angels for Animals
+Canfield, OH
+(330) 549-1111 (Dogs ext. 322, Cats ext. 328)
+Crawford County (Bucyrus, Galion)
+Crawford County Humane Society
+Bucyrus, OH
+(419) 562-9149
+CCHS@cybertown.com
+Cuyahoga County (Cleveland, Parma, Westlake)
+A Snip In Time
+Cleveland, OH
+(216) 651-7142
+Citizens For Low Cost Spay and Neuter
+Cleveland, OH
+(216) 781-0080
+City of Cleveland Spay-Neuter Clinic
+Cleveland, OH
+(216) 664-2759
+City of Cleveland Kennel
+Cleveland, OH
+(216) 664-2759 clinic
+(216) 664-3069 main
+Pet Guards Shelter
+Cuyahoga Falls, OH
+(330) 920-1522
+Spay Neuter Clinic
+Cleveland, OH
+(216) 398-1081
+Delaware County (Delaware, Sunbury)
+The Humane Society of Delaware County
+Delaware, OH
+(740) 548-7387
+Fairfield County (Lancaster, Pickerington, Baltimore)
+Fairfield Area Humane Society
+Lancaster, OH
+(740) 687-0627
+officeadmin@fairhumane.org
+Fayette County (Washington Courthouse, Jeffersonville)
+Fayette County Humane Society
+Washington, OH
+(740) 335-8126
+catsanddogs@ameritech.net
+Fulton County (Wauseon, Archbold)
+Planned Pethood, Inc.
+Swanton, OH
+(419) 877-FIXX
+PlannedPet@aol.com
+Geauga County (Chardon, Burton, Middlefield)
+Geauga Humane Society
+Russell Township, OH
+(440) 338-4819
+info@geaugahumane.org
+Greene County (Xenia, Yellow Springs, Beavercreek, Bellbrook)
+The Humane Society of Greene County
+Xenia, OH
+(937) 376-3001
+inquiries@humanesocietygreenecounty.com
+Pet Advocate League (PAL) - (Cats Only)
+Xenia, OH
+(937) 278-8330
+Hamilton County (Cincinnati, Harrison, Norwood)
+CAT-SNIP Program
+Silverton, OH
+(513) 984-6369
+United Coalition for Animals
+(513) 981-7933
+inquiries@humanesocietygreenecounty.com
+SPCA Cincinnati
+Cincinnati, OH
+(513) 541-6100
+inquiries@humanesocietygreenecounty.com
+All Creatures Animal Hospital
+Amelia, OH
+(513) 797-7387 ext. 109
+The Spay/Neuter Clinic
+Sharronville, OH
+(513) 772-1091
+Holmes County (Millersburg)
+Holmes County Humane Society
+Millersburg, OH
+(330) 231-5439
+Knox County (Mt. Vernon, Fredericktown, Centerburg)
+Knox County Humane Society
+Mt. Vernon, OH
+(740) 392-2287
+Lake County (Mentor, Painesville)
+Fur Cats Only Veterinary Hospital
+Mentor, OH
+(440) 974-7373
+Licking County (Newark, Pataskala, Heath)
+Homeward Bound Humane Society
+Heath, OH
+(740) 323-2100
+Lorain County (Elyria, Avon, Oberlin)
+AlterPet, Inc.
+Sharon Center, OH
+(330) 321 6243
+AlterPet@aol.com
+Lucas County (Toledo, Maumee, Sylvania)
+Planned Pethood Inc.
+Whitehouse, OH
+(419) 877-3499
+United Humanitarians
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 537-1970
+Maumee Valley Save a Pet
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 470-2988
+Animal Wings
+Maumee, OH
+(419) 861-0485
+Anthony Wayne Animal Hospital
+Maumee, OH
+(419) 893-5518
+Country Squire Animal Hospital
+Oregon, OH
+(419) 691-2273
+Inverness Veterinary Clinic
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 531-1659
+Trilby Animal Hospital
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 474-5403
+Overmeyer Veterinary Clinic
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 885-1331
+East Suburban Animal Clinic
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 691-7201
+Village Veterinarian
+Waterville, OH
+(419) 878-4900
+Heatherdowns Veterinary Clinic
+Toledo, OH
+(419) 385-0325
+Brannon Veterinary Clinic
+Maumee, OH
+(419) 893-0552
+Total Pet Care
+Maumee, OH
+(419) 861-4474
+West Suburban Animal Clinic
+Sylvania, OH
+(419) 885-3445
+Operation FELIX
+Perrysburg, OH
+(419) 266-5607
+Mahoning County (Youngstown, Canfield)
+Angels for Animals
+Canfield, OH
+(330) 549-1111 (Dogs ext. 322, Cats ext. 328)
+Meigs County (Pomeroy)
+Meigs County Humane Society
+Pomeroy, OH
+(614) 593 4687
+waitt@ohiou.edu
+Miami County (Troy, Piqua, Tipp City)
+Miami County Humane Society
+Troy, OH
+(937) 335-7758
+jkkiss@bright.net
+Montgomery County (Dayton, Kettering, Huber Heights)
+The Society for Improvement of Conditions for Stray Animals- SICSA
+Kettering, OH
+(937) 294-6505
+sicsa@dnaco.net
+Muskingum County (Zanesville, Frazeysburg)
+The Animal Shelter Society
+Zanesville, OH
+(740) 452-1077
+assi@rrohio.com
+Portage County (Ravenna, Kent, Aurora)
+Stow Kent Animal Hospital Inc.
+Kent, OH
+(330) 673-0049
+Preble County (Eaton)
+Humane Society of Preble County
+Eaton, OH
+(937) 456-PETS
+Richland County (Mansfield, Ontario, Shelby)
+Stop The Overpopulation of Pets, Inc. (STOP) - (cats only)
+Mansfield, OH
+(419) 774-1738
+Sandusky County (Fremont, Clyde)
+Sandusky County Humane Society - (feral cat program)
+Freemont, OH
+(419) 334-4517
+Stark County (Canton, Louisville, Alliance, Massillon)
+Animal Protection Guild
+Canton, OH
+(330) 649-0443 or (330) 455-2001
+Hearts and Paws - (feral neutering program)
+Canal Fulton, OH
+(330) 854-4508
+susanb@msn.com
+Summit County (Akron, Cuyahoga Falls, Stow, Twinsburg)
+One of A Kind Pet Rescue - Spay & Neuter Clinic
+1700 West Exchange St. Akron, OH 44313
+(330) 865-6890
+Open Monday - Friday 7:30 - 5:30 p.m.
+Hearts and Paws - (feral neutering program)
+Canal Fulton, OH
+(330) 665-9941
+susanb@msn.com
+C.H.A.P. (Citizens for Humane Animal Practices) - (Cats only)
+(330) 724-6181
+Washington County (Marietta, Belpre)
+Advocates For Animals, Inc.
+Marietta, OH
+(740) 373-0017
+afainc4095@aol.com
+Wyandot County (Upper Sandusky, Carey)
+Wyandot County Humane Society
+Upper Sandusky, OH
+(419) 294-4477 or toll free (888) 294-4477
+Last updated December 6 2019 at 1:03 AM
+209 3 Bedroom Apartments for rent in Brushy Creek, TX
+1 of 25
+Last updated December 5 at 11:05am
+1108 Peach Tree Cv
+Peach Tree Valley
+1 Unit Available
+1108 Peach Tree Cove, Round Rock, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,450
+1466 sqft
+3 Bedroom, 2 Bath Home in Round Rock - 3 Bedroom, 2 Bath Home in Round Rock ~ Large Open Living Area w/Stained Concrete Flooring, Cathedral Ceilings & Fireplace ~ Quaint Kitchen w/Pass Through/Breakfast Bar ~ Dining Area ~ Spacious Master w/Double
+1 of 23
+Last updated December 5 at 11:04am
+2918 RR 620 #244
+1 Unit Available
+2918 Round Rock Avenue, Round Rock, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$2,800
+2143 sqft
+Panoramic Lake Views! - Gorgeous updated condo in the prestigious community of Villas on Lake Travis. Access to two pools, tram down to lake, fitness center and common grounds with trails.
+1 of 21
+Last updated December 6 at 12:03am
+3605 Juniper Hills ST
+Ranch at Brushy Creek
+1 Unit Available
+3605 Juniper Hills, Cedar Park, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,950
+1868 sqft
+Located in desirable Ranch at Brushy Creek with 2 community pools, parks, & social events & highly acclaimed Leander ISD, this home is close to "everything".
+1 of 32
+Last updated December 6 at 12:03am
+4503 Corazon CV
+Sendero Springs
+1 Unit Available
+4503 Corazon Cove, Williamson County, TX
+Lovingly maintained & desirable single story house / Spacious open floor plan / 3,011 sqft with 4 beds, 3 full baths, & office room)/ quiet cul-de-sac / excellent Round Rock ISD schools:Cactus Ranch e/m-Walsh middle-Round Rock high / hardwood
+1 of 30
+Last updated December 6 at 12:03am
+3240 E Whitestone BLVD
+1 Unit Available
+3240 East Whitestone Boulevard, Cedar Park, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,995
+2027 sqft
+Short term lease available with $300 monthly additional.
+1 of 40
+Last updated December 6 at 12:03am
+2964 Agave LOOP
+Behrens Ranch
+1 Unit Available
+2964 Agave Loop, Round Rock, TX
+Beautiful corner lot home in coveted Behrens Ranch neighborhood. Master bedroom and study room located downstairs. Located within walking distance of highly desired Cactus Ranch Elem. and Walsh Middle school.
+1 of 31
+Last updated December 6 at 12:03am
+701 S Frontier LN
+Ranch at Brushy Creek
+1 Unit Available
+701 South Frontier Lane, Cedar Park, TX
+Close to shopping, golfing, easy access to major roads & businesses. Home has abundant space for entertaining. Open floorplan with 2 bedrooms down and 2 full baths down. Plus a study!! Kitchen features granite countertops & riverstone backsplash.
+Results within 5 miles of Brushy Creek
+Verified
+1 of 31
+Last updated December 6 at 12:58am
+Park at Crystal Falls I
+34 Units Available
+7740 183A Toll Road, Leander, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,905
+1441 sqft
+Near 183A Toll Road and Crystal Falls Parkway. Swimming pool, 24-hour gym, shuffleboard and yoga. Conference room, internet access and business center. Granite countertops and hardwood floors. Dogs and cats welcome.
+Verified
+1 of 44
+Last updated December 6 at 12:08am
+Cedar Park Townhomes
+7 Units Available
+400 East Cypress Creek Road, Cedar Park, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,141
+1438 sqft
+Cedar Park Townhomes offers an array of community amenities sure to please. Enjoy our plush clubhouse or some time on the sport court.
+Verified
+1 of 18
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+Arboleda
+17 Units Available
+900 Discovery Blvd, Cedar Park, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,513
+1230 sqft
+Provides easy access to Highway 183. Apartment amenities include wood-style floors, garden soaking tubs and private patios or balconies. Community offers a clubhouse lounge with Wi-Fi cafe, bark park and swimming pool with sundeck.
+Verified
+1 of 14
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+The Lakes at Renaissance Park
+13 Units Available
+14000 Renaissance Ct, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,647
+1141 sqft
+The Lakes at Renaissance Park sits in downtown Austin, Texas. The community's one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments feature air conditioning, fireplaces, microwaves, ranges and washer-dryer hookups. Each unit is recently renovated and pet friendly.
+Verified
+1 of 31
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+Bexley at Whitestone
+22 Units Available
+9826 North Lake Creek Pkwy, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,699
+1382 sqft
+Ideally situated in Northwest Austin near the intersection of US-183 and SH-45, Bexley at Whitestone is a NEW luxury community featuring a wide array of amenities and conveniences designed to suit your active lifestyle.
+Verified
+1 of 24
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+The Hendrix
+40 Units Available
+9811 Copper Creek Dr, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,430
+1577 sqft
+Apartments feature electric ranges, ceiling fans, and extra storage. Located in the Round Rock School District with convenient access to the 183 freeway, 183A, and 45. Laundry facilities, two playgrounds, basketball court, and business center.
+Verified
+1 of 18
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+Montelena
+14 Units Available
+2501 Louis Henna Blvd, Round Rock, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,250
+1143 sqft
+These air-conditioned units with hardwood floors and walk-in closets are great for commuters. Easy access to downtown Austin and Georgetown via I-35. Pet-friendly community boasts a playground, pool, volleyball court and basketball court.
+Verified
+1 of 20
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+33 Hundred
+14 Units Available
+3300 Wells Branch Pkwy, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,845
+1455 sqft
+Luxury apartments located in the heart of downtown with a 24-hour fitness center, resort-style pool and comfy community center. Spacious apartments with soaring ceilings, wood-style floors and gourmet kitchens.
+Verified
+1 of 18
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+Villas at Stone Oak Ranch
+29 Units Available
+13021 Legendary Dr, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,482
+1360 sqft
+Conveniently located off Legendary Drive and FM 734 with easy commuting into downtown Austin. Units feature washer/dryer and patio/balcony. Community offers a gym, pool and parking garage.
+Verified
+1 of 23
+Last updated December 5 at 10:17pm
+Broadstone at Grand Avenue
+13 Units Available
+1720 Grand Avenue Pkwy, Pflugerville, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,678
+1339 sqft
+Conveniently located right next to the I-35, with downtown Austin within easy reach. Residents have full access to the pool, lounge with fully functional kitchen and TV, executive lounge and on-site pet park.
+Verified
+1 of 29
+Last updated December 5 at 07:11pm
+The Mansions of Georgetown
+19 Units Available
+1400 Westinghouse Road, Georgetown, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$2,021
+1539 sqft
+Bordering Texas Hill Country minutes from the historic town square, these Georgetown apartment homes feature vaulted ceilings, chef-inspired kitchens, and wood flooring. Amenities include a pool, a dog park, and a gym with trainers.
+Verified
+1 of 32
+Last updated December 5 at 10:58pm
+The M at Lakeline
+20 Units Available
+10500 Lakeline Mall Dr, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$2,015
+1558 sqft
+Our accommodating community is completely tailored around you and we're proud to offer everything from a 150-foot resort-style pool and tanning deck to a state-of-the-art fitness center and a Starbucks® WiFi lounge with coffee bar.
+Verified
+1 of 89
+Last updated December 5 at 10:25pm
+Riata
+Angus Valley
+127 Units Available
+12300 Riata Trace Pkwy, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,871
+1452 sqft
+Comfortable, southern living with the luxury of modern convenience. Tranquil lakeside homes are recently renovated and feature hardwood floors, granite counters and luxury finishes. Endless amenities: yoga room, hot tub, pool, 24-hour gym and more.
+Verified
+1 of 27
+Last updated December 5 at 10:58pm
+The Michael at Presidio
+39 Units Available
+13535 Lyndhurst St, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$3,051
+1874 sqft
+This is where luxury meets style. Design finishes, elegant interior features and world-class amenities situated on 14 acres with impressive canal. Water features, pool, car charging and more at this pet-friendly community.
+Verified
+1 of 14
+Last updated December 5 at 10:58pm
+Regal Parc Apartment Homes
+23 Units Available
+350 Cypress Creek Rd, Cedar Park, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,464
+1361 sqft
+Stylish homes with hardwood floors and large bedrooms. Residents get access to a business center, grilling station, and pool. Right by US 183 for convenient transportation. Shop, dine, and play at nearby Lakeline Mall.
+Verified
+1 of 44
+Last updated December 5 at 10:58pm
+Villages at Turtle Rock
+Milwood
+34 Units Available
+12800 Turtle Rock Rd, Austin, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,671
+1381 sqft
+Located close to Robinson Park and just to the west of the 183. Luxurious apartments include a dishwasher, a patio or balcony, and a modern kitchen with stainless steel appliances. Pool and concierge available.
+Verified
+1 of 9
+Last updated December 5 at 10:58pm
+Creekside at Kenney's Fort
+16 Units Available
+1100 S Kenney Fort Blvd, Round Rock, TX
+3 Bedrooms
+$1,475
+1107 sqft
+Situated in the heart of Round Rock, TX, this development offers amenities including various floor plans (one-three bedroom floor plans), vaulted ceilings, wood floors, chef's kitchens, and ample storage.
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+Kyle, TXLeander, TXCopperas Cove, TXWells Branch, TXBuda, TXLockhart, TXCanyon Lake, TXMarble Falls, TX
+Graphic Enterprises - Home of the Pioneer Times USA - A Web Site for Living History
+Women in History
+feature stories in honor of Women’s History Month
+The Journey of Mary Ingles
+Walking in Their Footsteps
+By Kathy Cummings
+Do you ever look around and realize that you might be standing on the same ground as a famous historical figure.
+To me, growing up in Cincinnati in the 50’s - going to Kentucky meant one thing. My great Aunt and Uncle had a farm near Petersburg, KY. To us the adventure meant crossing the Ohio River on the Anderson Ferry. Once on the Kentucky side we followed the curvy mountainous roads to “The Farm.” The journey took about an hour. Today with the addition of I-275 you could make it in less than half that. The remodeled old farmhouse sat on a hillside high above a bend in the Ohio River. We lazed in the hammock and watched riverboats go by far below. The property reached down to the river but aside from a stray cow (we could hear the cowbells) no one ever traversed the hillside all the way down.
+After a recent trip to Big Bone Lick State Park a strange thought occurred to me. Mary Ingles and The Old Dutchwoman must have crossed the very land where I played as a child. I ran my finger along the map and traced the route from Big Bone Lick along the Ohio River and sure enough it crossed the property.
+The beautiful Ohio
+The Story of Mary Ingles
+Mary Draper Ingles was captured by Shawnee Indians from Draper Meadows in 1755. Draper’s Meadow was in Virginia and was one of the first settlements west of the Allegheny Mountains. Of those present at the settlement that fateful day, 4 were killed, 2 wounded and three were captured along with two children. Although pregnant, Mary Ingles along with her children - 4-year-old Thomas and 2-year-old George and sister-in-law Bettie were taken by the Indians. Another settler named Henry Lenard was also captured. Bettie Draper’s infant child was pulled from her. The baby was killed. Bettie suffered a broken arm. The captives were taken back along the New River to the Kanawha to the Ohio River to the Shawnee towns.
+Although some accounts differ most agree that Mrs. Ingles bore her third child, a daughter along the trail. In a true testament to her courage and fitness, she continued on the trail shortly after the birth without causing any delay to the Indians. For many a captive such an event would have spelled imminent death. Babies who cried or women who could not keep up the pace were often killed along the trail. Mrs. Ingles was permitted to ride a horse, along with her children for much of the way. It is believed that this concession was granted her to increase her value as a captive – either for ransom or for the adoptive value of her three children. Shortly after arriving into Ohio at the Shawnee towns her two sons were separated from her and adopted into other families. The infant daughter that she had borne along the trail remained with her.
+William Ingles, her husband, saw the flames from the burning settlement and knew of his family’s fate but was powerless to do anything about it. Arriving on the scene unarmed and way outnumbered would have been certain death for him.
+The life decisions we make today pale in comparison to the life and death decisions made by our ancestors.
+Mary Ingles managed to stay alive although Henry Lenard did not. She helped to care for Bettie’s broken arm and the Indians allowed her to bind it and apply a poultice to it.
+From the Indians plunder of the homes in Draper’s Meadow she managed to salvage her sewing basket. By indicating to them through signs that she would mend garments for them they had returned the basket to her. It was this same skillful sewing that kept her alive when they reached the Ohio country. There were two French traders in the camp. From them she got cloth and she sewed the white man’s hunting shirts that the Indians favored.
+While in captivity she continually contemplated escape. She knew that her older children were lost to her - but her husband remained. She did not want to become the wife of a Shawnee Indian. On hearing that she was to go with a party of Indians on a salt expedition she was excited. To be back on the Ohio River meant she was that much closer to home. But to her dismay the party turned westward going instead to the area we know today as Big Bone Lick. Here the ancient mastodons had become mired in the heavy salt bogs and only their bones remained. The Indians came to this area to boil the water to obtain the salt.
+Accompanying the party was a young Indian woman. She cared for the Ingles’ baby while Mary cooked and worked. There was also another, older woman whom history remembers only as “The Old Dutchwoman.” Spending several weeks at the site the two who were responsible for cooking the meals managed quite a bit of freedom. Although there was a language barrier between them, as the only two white women they did manage to communicate.
+Mary Ingles still had two great decisions to make. Taking her infant daughter on the journey she was contemplating was certain death to the infant. If she could survive the hardships, which would be doubtful there was still the chance of being recaptured. That too would be certain death to both of them. But if she left the baby behind she would be raised by the young woman who obviously cared greatly for her. This infant would never know any other life or any other family. It was a heart wrenching decision but probably the wisest choice she could make.
+Some accounts fail to mention this third child, born along the trail. Some of the Ingles descendants say they had no proof of it. That the family never talked of another child. Others said that maybe it was simply easier never to talk about that child left behind for her own safety.
+The other decision facing Mary Ingles concerned “The Old Dutchwoman”. Should she tell her of her plans? If the woman did not want to risk the escape, would she give her secret away. But although “The Old Dutchwoman” did not have as driving a need to return as did Mary, she longed for the German cooking, big meals and the familiar life she remembered. A lifetime with the Shawnees was not appealing to her.
+So while out gathering wild grapes, walnuts and hickory nuts the two women risked their escape. They had managed to secure a tomahawk from one of the Frenchmen. After using it to crack nuts the day before, they had carefully hidden it for their journey along with a blanket.
+At first the Indians merely thought they had gotten lost in the woods. The two women only had one plan - to follow the river. Whatever else they did, they must stay along the course of the river to reach home. The harrowing account of their journey has been chronicled in many writings. Follow the River by James Alexander Thom is the most notable although it is historical fiction. Trans-Allegheny Pioneers by John Hale includes narratives by Ingles’ descendants.
+It is estimated that Mary Ingles and “The Old Dutchwoman” traveled over 1,000 miles to return home to Draper Meadows. By the end of their harrowing journey they were starved, nearly naked and half crazed. The final days included scaling the rock walls along the New River. Even for an experienced climber this is difficult. For a woman who had been traveling without hardly any provisions for weeks it seems next to impossible. But the force driving Mary Ingles was strong. Her will overcame her circumstances.
+The most amazing thing to me was that neither woman could swim. When they came across a. creek or stream that emptied into the river they had to cross it. If it was too deep or too wide they backtracked up that creek until it was shallow enough to cross. This added days and mile to their journey. After a harrowing 43 days with little food they both managed to make it back to Virginia. Although in the final days they had parted ways. The old Dutchwoman had become so starved, that half out of her mind, she had
+Each small creek had to be forded...
+attacked Mary Ingles. Fighting her off Ingles had managed to find a canoe and crossed to the other side of the river. They finished their journey on opposite sides of the river but both did survive.
+Ingles stumbled into a camp belonging to Adam Harmon, a former neighbor. He recognized the starved and naked woman in amazement. It had been four months since the attack at Drapers Meadow. He and his sons tended to her carefully before taking her back to the nearest fort. Her long awaited reunion with her husband was still a few days off. He had traveled down to Cherokee country to see if he could learn any news of his family. The Cherokee Indians were friendlier to the settlers at that time and it was thought that they might be able to negotiate for prisoners from the Shawnee.
+Mary Ingles was reunited with her husband Will and they continued to live in the area. They started a ferry, aptly named Ingles Ferry where they lived for many years. She long outlived her husband who died in 1782. Mary Ingles lived to be 84 dying in 1815. They had 4 more children after her return from captivity.
+Her sister-in-law Bettie Draper spent 6 years with the Shawnee before they could arrange her release. From her, the Ingles learned that their youngest son, George, had died shortly after his adoption into the tribe. Their son Thomas was found and bought back from the Shawnees for $150. But he had spent almost 13 years in the native environment. He was never completely at ease in either culture. He continually moved and lived on the edge of the frontier. Ironically his own wife and children were taken in an Indian raid years later.
+The road to my Aunt and Uncle’s farm is mostly grown over now. It really ceased being a working farm after my Uncle died in 1959. Although he was an architect that made the trip to and from his office in Cincinnati every day he managed the help that kept the property running. He was also restoring the 150 year old farmhouse at the time of his death of a heart attack.
+My Aunt kept the farm until she died in 1999. She spent weekends there with her sisters well into the late 1970’s. It was then that the house was burned down one cold night to hide a robbery on the vacant property. By the time the flames were noticeable to the nearest neighbor, over a mile away, even the stonewalls and chimney had buckled under the great heat.
+It seems somehow fitting to me that the property has returned to nature. For these were the hills walked by the Shawnee Indians. This was the path that the first white woman in Kentucky traversed. I wonder if I could stand on that hillside today would I still see the passing riverboats – or would my mind now see instead the ghosts of the past. Hear the footfalls of Mary Ingles and the Old Dutchwoman on their long journey back to Virginia. Would I hear the echoes of the settlers on flatboats as they were ambushed by Indians. Or would I see the spirits of George Rogers Clark and his men coming from Ft. Pitt. Across the river on the Indiana side just a bit further south Archibald Lochry and his men were ambushed while going ashore to feed their horses.
+And so the thought remains - who has walked before us on this land we call Kentucky.
+For further reading:Follow the River by James Alexander Thom
+Trans-Allegheny Pioneers by John P. Hale edited by Harold J. Dudley
+The Photo Gallery of Events
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+Die lustige Witwe
+I suppose I am a bit foolish to bother about these things but I have myself done a fair bit of translation from German so I am inclined to make a few comments about the translation of Die lustige Witwe. The usual translation is "The merry widow" and I suppose that is close enough but "gay" or "pleasure-seeking" would approximate it too. "Lustig" is not "lusty", however. It is about having a good or entertaining time.
+I was delighted recently to receive a DVD of the operetta by Lehar of that name which featured Dagmar Schellenberger as the leading lady. After her performance as Mariza at Moerbisch I expected some brilliant singing and acting and I was not disappointed.
+The performance was from Zuerich in der Schweiz, in the Zurich opera house -- and that made clear to me how Moerbisch spoils us. The high tech facilities at Moerbisch enable lots of very sharp and very close close-ups -- rather like in a Hollywood musical. So facial expressions can be seen in great detail. The technicians at Zurich were no slouch but broadcasting from an ordinary opera house did limit them, with the lighting apparently being the main culprit.
+So the brilliant expressions that Schellenberger is known for were at their clearest only when she was under bright light. Lighting varies in opera houses so clarity was on other occasions reduced. There was not the constant clarity to be found at Moerbisch. What was particularly missing was Schellenberger's eyes. She has the most expressive eyes and one could not always see them at critical junctures. We saw enough of her, however, to marvel yet again at how well her face mirrored what was going on. She has the most amazing range of expressions -- and all used appropriately to the story. I liked it when she answered her difficult man with just one glance of her eyes.
+And the very different role did call forth from Schellenberger a new lot of expressions. This time she brilliantly conveyed disgust, pique and coquettishness -- among much else. Her singing was as good as ever but the role did not really stretch her -- though she did belt out a few high notes for fun on occasions.
+But it was a fun operetta and I will be watching it repeatedly. It gains with each successive viewing of course. The local patrons at the Teatro alla scala in Milano know that. They normally know well the opera put on there but keep going along to absorb more of it.
+I initially thought that Schellenberger looked younger than she was at Moerbisch but, on checking, I found that both performances were in 2004! It shows how much difference hair, makeup and clothes can make. And her role was quite different too. At Moerbisch she was the haughty lady who fell in love against her better judgement whereas at Zurich she was the pretty and clever little lady who was determined to get her man. And, this being operetta, she did, of course. The man didn't have a hope. Whether she IS the ultimate female or not, she certainly plays one with great conviction.
+The Swiss were a bit more daring in the costume department too. Both Schellenberger and Ute Gfrerer showed noticeable cleavage, particularly so in the case of Gfrerer. Gfrerer was the second lead, playing Valencienne, the attractive young singer married to a rich older man.
+Gfrerer seems to be a rather jolly lady in general but her part in this show was almost wholly serious. She was even asked, rather absurdly for her, to be Eine anstaendige Frau (a respectable wife). I was inclined to think that her notable bosom was what got her the part and that may have been so. It did suit the role. But she is also much acclaimed as a singer and actress. There is a bio of her here.
+Her natural talent for gaiety did however surface in the dancing. She was in any dancing going, whether the part really called for it or not. She even led the cabaret dancers towards the end of the show. With big smiles and shrieks, her happiness throughout the dancing was a joy to watch. She even got herself tipped upside down in that last segment! She is a naturally happy lady, I think. And being born both beautiful and talented why should she not be happy?
+Schellenberger with the ambassador
+Schellenberger with her "difficult" man
+In fact Zurich got top talent all round. Even the conductor has a distinguished record. He was Franz Welser-Moest and when I saw him I thought he was rather young as conductors go -- but I was mistaken. He was in fact 44 at the time. A lot of German men are ageless for a long time and he is obviously one of those. Something to do with the climate, maybe. I was at a conference at Oxford once when I saw a New York lady mistake a good-looking German man as being about 30. He was closer to 50.
+The music was of course good so it seems a pity that none of the arias seem to be much used outside the context of the operetta itself. Some of the tunes might even reasonably be described as catchy. Vilja gets a very occasional airing as a concert piece by itself but even on YouTube most of the renditions are extracted from stage performances of the operetta.
+The inescapable Andre Rieu has of course grabbed it for his shows and in fact done rather well with it. He has up a very sweet rendition by a slightly built black South African soprano named Kimmy Skota. She does not of course have a fraction of Schellenberger's facial expressions but the singing is as good as any. I find it hard to evaluate Schellenberger's performance of the aria as just singing. I can't isolate the singing from the brilliant way she plays the part as a whole.
+I was amused that "men" are described in one of the later scenes as quoting Heinrich Heine (a German romantic poet) to win women. I like some of Heine but have never recited Heine to a woman I was interested in -- but I did once quote Goethe to a very fine woman with good effect. I am out of contact with her now, to my regret, but I imagine she still remembers that too: "Tiefe Stille herrscht im Wasser ...". I have had some lovely ladies in my life and I fear that I did not treat them all as well as they deserved.
+The stars of the show were undoubtedly the two ladies above but Njegus the majordomo was a great comic touch too. And Rudolf Hartmann made a great comic figure out of Baron Zeta.
+And I must of course say something about the big and mellifluous American baritone, Rodney Gilfry, who has learnt enough Hoch Deutsch to play Graf Danilo well. His rugged good looks do make him credible in the part as much admired by women but he is quite powerless against the the German ultra feminine Schellenberger. Schellenberger has been described as "Prussian energy plus feminine charm" -- and there is a lot to that. A real-life man could not withstand her for 5 minutes.
+A small point: My old ears are not so good these days but, as I hear it, Schellenberger does reply to her lover on some occasions with the Slavic "da" rather than the German "ja". That would be in keeping but I do wonder if my ears deceive me.
+And the two little voiceless sobs she does in the humming song are immensely evocative, though I do think they are a bit of a trademark for her. She is one clever lady.
+A small language note: The honorific Russian form of address "Gospodin"/"Gospodina" is used on occasions in the show -- presumably to identify the mythical country in which the show is set as Slavic (clearly modelled on Montenegro). It means "Your honour" or "Gracious lady" or something along those lines. It is perhaps a bit less empty than the German expression "Gnaedige Frau" (which is also used).
+Speaking of expressions, it is mildly interesting that women in German lands rarely refer to their husband as a husband. They refer to him as "mein Mann" (my man). There is a German word for husband (Ehemann) but it seems to be little used. And Frau (woman) is also used to mean "wife".
+Another language note: As the anstaendige Frau is a recurrent theme, I thought I should elaborate a little on the meaning of anstaendig. It is reasonably translated as "respectable" but it is also often translated as "decent". It is a claim about her good character as well as a claim about her good reputation. On one occasion she describes herself in French as a femme d' honneur and I think that best captures what is intended for the part. It means a "woman of honor". Interesting that the old Latin word honoris still used in both English and French with the same, original meaning. I am mildly regretful that the Old English word mensk has been completely supplanted by it.
+I was a bit peeved that the French used in the show was subtitled but not translated. I haven't spent one minute studying French. But, fortunately, my general knowledge of European languages enabled me to get most of it.
+Finally, is there a political message in the operetta? Patriotism is rather clearly held up to ridicule in it but is Lehar ridiculing Austro/Hungarian patriotism, the patriotism of small countries or ridiculing patriotism generally? I will have to read further on that, I think. He was not himself Jewish but his wife was and he associated a lot with Jews so that may have made him skeptical of the patriotic sentiments of the time. On the other hand he spent a lot of his early life in the armed forces, which usually encourages patriotism. On balance, I am inclined to suspect that he saw Austro/Hungarian patriotism as excessive. His near contemporary in England, W.S. Gilbert (in the Gilbert & Sullivan light operas) was certainly no respecter of the establishment.
+All comments containing Chinese characters will not be published as I do not understand them
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+MERRILL'S BERNSTEIN IS NOT SO GLOOMY, though he remains skeptical of upside prospects. He begins from the perspective that all asset classes are mired in a low-return environment. He views the latest rally as a rush to speculative, volatile sectors in a grab for short-term gains.
+The softening earnings trends worry him, as well. He points out that the percentage of companies that fell short of forecasts last quarter was the highest since 1998, and 2006 earnings-revision trends are weakening.
+His counsel is to stick with defensive parts of the stock market, including large stocks, health care and consumer staples. And he points to the increasing competitiveness of cash as an asset class in a low-return world, a point echoed by McManus at Banc of America.
+Trahan at Bear Stearns fixates on measures of economic momentum as a guide to stock-market direction, almost to the exclusion of other factors. He theorizes that with long-term rates in a tight range for years, it is economic momentum that moves the stock market.
+The upward blip in such things as the leading indicators for October, he figures, spurred this fourth-quarter rally.
+Now, he thinks the economic pace will wane anew, leading to a significant pullback in stocks of perhaps 7% to 8%, before a recovery can bring them surging back to his 1350 target.
+"The sweet spot" for the start of the next nice upward move, he says, will be six months after the Fed's last rate hike, based on historical analogies.
+In addition to the specific complaints of the downbeat voices, there are general risks out there that all would likely agree on: A collapse in home prices that causes a consumer-credit bust and saps spending; a General Motors bankruptcy that disrupts the bond market and Midwest economy; further bad news out of Iraq.
+THOUGH GUESSES ABOUT BROAD MARKET performance inevitably differ -- that, as they say, is what makes markets -- there are a few themes that could be deemed consensus calls.
+The group is nearly unanimous in believing that larger stocks will, finally, end their laggardly performance relative to small stocks.
+This has been the consensus for at least two years, and hasn't been correct, as small-cap indexes clicked to all-time highs. This year there's greater confidence among observers, however, that the period of small-cap outperformance has lasted as long as can be expected. Recent perkiness in big-cap stocks during the recent rally has reinforced this notion.
+Some strategists would split hairs about this issue. Chakrabortti, for instance, prefers mid-cap and large stocks over small, but shuns "mega-cap" stocks, those above $50 billion. He calls them "opaque and inflexible" and accurately points out that they've been described as "cheap" for two years yet haven't budged.
+McVey, too, is all for larger stocks, but thinks it wise to stay in the $10 billion to $60 billion area.
+More than one strategist also discussed the long-awaited "quality trade," in which shares of financially strong and steady companies start to take over for those with high leverage and volatile financial performance.
+There's also a growing fondness for growth stocks against the value stocks that have been the leaders since 2000. In an economy that's seen decelerating and with valuation discrepancies between growth and value stocks negligible, the group largely figures that companies that have demonstrated durable growth rates will start winning investors' favor.
+Stringing these together, large-cap growth shares are looking like the flavor of the moment.
+Sonders points out that large-cap growth recently became the best-performing "style" in 2005, by a slim margin. She sees this continuing, based largely on the extended "duration of small-cap outperformance" and good prospects for health-care and tech companies.
+Says McManus: "Growth has been more attractive than value for a long time. The risk of owning large growth stocks is less than the risk of owning the broad market. If there's any rise in risk perception" -- one that upsets the corporate bond market -- "value stocks will get dinged more than growth."
+Related to the growth preference, technology and health care were among the sectors named most often as favorites.
+It's worth noting, though, that it sometimes pays to be a contrarian with regard to popular sector picks.
+A year ago, only one strategist -- McManus -- made energy a top pick, and only one -- Bernstein -- plugged utilities. These were, far and away, the best performers in 2005. This year only two are going with energy to continue its win streak, while Bernstein is sticking with utilities, in part because he's bullish on bonds.
+There's little dissent about the surfeit of cash in the system, both on corporate books and in buyout funds, which most assume will flow into an increasing number of acquisitions of increasing average size.
+To the half-full crowd, this places a floor under stocks and shows that strategic, real-money players find current market valuations attractive. The doubters, naturally, wonder whether it means buyers are being driven to stretch for growth in a slowing economy and are prone to eventually make reckless deals. No doubt there is some of both going on.
+Also clear is the fact that investors won't sit and wait for stagnant stock prices to move; they will act in greater, louder numbers to prompt managements to pull levers. Carl Icahn with Time Warner (ticker: TWX) and Bruce Sherman with Knight-Ridder (KRI) won't be the last activists to twist arms in pursuit of value.
+There was broad agreement on another matter, too. Most strategists are gearing up for an increase in market volatility, a more excitable market. On the one hand, this is a simple call, given that the market last year was among the calmest and narrowest in memory. Can volatility go anywhere but up?
+Yet observers have been calling for volatility to rise for a while, with the options markets' measures of volatility grinding to decade lows. (See Striking Price, for more on the outlook for market volatility.)
+The most vivid controversies involve a couple of the most down-and-out pockets of the market, pharmaceutical and telecommunications stocks.
+Both groups have performed horribly, and for both it's because investors lack confidence that their business models can weather rapid regulatory and competitive changes.
+Indeed, while health care is a popular pick by both aggressive and cautious strategists, there were no explicit takers for Big Pharma stocks. This is a market-wide phenomenon, as investors have crowded into health-care services and equipment and biotech names, seeking health-care exposure while avoiding the half of the sector made up by Big Pharma.
+Bernstein is behind health care in a diversified way, including pharma. Levkovich has made pharma an area of emphasis, too, along with biotech, tech and diversified financials.
+Says Sonders: "At some point pharma gets interesting. It's hard to make the fundamental case now and the news flow will probably stay negative for a while." But she says she'll be looking for an entry point as '06 unfolds.
+Certainly more disdained even than drug stocks are telecoms. Despite still-strong cash flows, fat dividend yields and prized wireless and broadband assets, telecom stocks are off 20% this year.
+Two crowd-defying strategists think this makes them worth a shot. Bernstein calls it the most hated sector, and could represent a good relative-value play with utilities, which are far more expensive.
+Chakrabortti thinks all the big-picture worries about Internet telephony are in the stocks, and consolidation is bringing efficiencies to the big players. Contrarians, take note.
+INTERESTINGLY, ONE AREA WHERE OPINIONS polarize is the subject of market sentiment: Are investors blithely gorging on risky assets and undervaluing safer ones (Chakrabortti, Lehman's Chip Dickson and Bernstein are here) or are they short-sightedly shunning promising opportunities out of irrational fear (á la Levkovich and Keon).
+Well, the answer depends on the indicators used and on each observer's estimate of what an appropriate risk premium ought to be to compensate investors for the hazards assumed.
+It's true that public investors are generally withholding commitment to the stock market, with mutual-fund flows meager and a preference for cash and houses prevailing.
+Yet professional sentiment has become buoyant again, and this tends to rise and fall with every 5% blip in the indexes. And, did we mention that nearly every sell-side strategist is generally bullish and recommends more than half of client funds be tucked into stocks?
+Hanging over this debate is the important question of whether the market, since bottoming nearly three years ago, has been in a short-lived, post-bubble, cyclical bull market.
+Or have stocks convalesced long enough that, say, above-average returns will be available for the next few years, 'Nineties-style?
+The common wisdom when the market exited the bubble-and-bust period was that we'd be entering a long, wide trading range, with successive bull and bear markets, akin to the 1970s. If that's so, then this bull market ranks as rather mature. And the presumptive trading range would not extend to the old 2000 peak levels.
+This is why plenty of technical analysts, who study long-term charts, are uneasy about the narrowness of this latest rally and believe the market might be fashioning a final hurrah before a painful correction.
+Yet many bulls will point out that the S&P remains 20% below its all-time high, Nasdaq is half its peak, and we've paid our dues in full, even if the record highs in small stocks and strong performance of the "average stock" belie the idea that the market has been in subsistence mode for half a decade.
+Serious and long-tenured investors feel that a market that hasn't buckled in the face of $70 oil, 12 Fed rate hikes and an unpopular war is telling you it can gallop higher upon getting any relief from the headlines.
+This debate won't be settled right away. In the meantime, the critics' buzz about the coming market sequel is reasonably strong. We'll have to wait and see how good the movie really is.
+
+Nick Park on why he ‘refused’ to sell Wallace and Gromit television in the primitive-but-adorable mode. (Compare Heath Robinson, Rowland Emmett or Park’s beloved Beano comic artists.) Model animation using clay and frame-by-frame stop-motion techniques was “old-fashioned” almost before Park grew up. Laborious too. Models have to be changed for each successive frame to simulate motion: body position, facial expressions, gestures, mouth movements. Five seconds of completed footage per day is a blue-streak pace.
+© AlamyBut the Wallace and Gromit shorts, followed by feature films introducing other characters, starting with Chicken Run, became an international wow. They won prizes and gained Hollywood contracts — with DreamWorks, then Sony — for Aardman Animations, the Bristol-based studio Park joined in 1985. And they unleashed an industry of tie-in products from toys, books, calendars to greetings cards, resembling a cottage version of the Star Wars bonanza.
+When we meet, Park is fresh, or nearly, to the task of talking about his new animated feature Early Man. His crisp blue shirt — “I don’t usually wear these, I prefer T-shirts” — announces a director who has cleaned himself up for the global publicity push; although he claims he’s not quite there yet mentally.
+“I only signed off on the film last week. I feel I’ve just come out of a ship’s engine room still covered in grease.”
+A waiter takes our order. Two stems from a flower vase stick surreally up behind Park’s head, as if growing directly from it. No less surreally, when I start our lunch order by saying, “One steamed lemon sole”, the waiter says, “Between the two of you?” (I’m on the edge of saying, “We’ll do the comedy”.)
+When I say I enjoyed the film, Park looks relieved. “I’m still too focused. I lack objectivity, so it’s nice to hear it’s going down all right.” As Britain’s best-known animation director and winner of four Oscars, he’s under pressure to maintain standards.
+-------------------------------------------
+The new story introduces a Stone-Age tribe living in an isolated valley, turfed out to mingle with the invading Bronze Agers — led by a French-brogued lord. Then the tribe stages a bellicose sports contest to win the right to return to its precious verdant valley.
+Park dreamt up Early Man as an idea years ago — “Prehistory was so different from where I’d been before and the studio [France’s StudioCanal] thought so too” — and blames his hero Ray Harryhausen, the late legend of Hollywood stop-motion.
+“I saw One Million Years BC at age 11 [Harryhausen did the film’s special effects]. I was a massive dinosaur fan and it was like a dream come true. That’s really the film that made me pick up my parents’ home-movie camera. I made a film when I was 13 called Murphy and Bongo, a little story of a caveman and his Brontosaurus, made with Plasticine.” He pauses. “I never thought it would come to this.”
+“This”, of course, is indefinable; wonderfully so. Is it having a brand of animation and a band of characters (don’t forget Shaun the sheep, Rocky the rooster, or the Oscar-winning animals of Creature Comforts) known across the planet? Or is it having the industry muscle to shrug off deals, as his company Aardman Animations has, with over-demanding Hollywood majors such as DreamWorks (Chicken Run, Wallace and Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit) and Sony (The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists!) in order to forge an alliance with the artist-empathising French?
+Aardman struck its deal with Studio Canal for European distribution rights to Early Man in 2017, although in the US it will be released by Lionsgate. Aardman has held on to creative control in both cases.
+In America, Park and his team had become fed up with being told to cut their model-animation cloth to suit western or Midwestern tastes. “We kept being asked, how will it play to an average kid in middle America? I’ve no idea how that kid feels. I can’t guess. We dug in our heels a lot to keep our identity.” That included not selling the rights to Park’s and Aardman’s most precious characters. “They [DreamWorks] half- own the characters who were specially created for Were-Rabbit and Chicken Run. But we refused to sell Wallace and Gromit, though they wanted them.”
+So I should think. It would be like Shakespeare selling the rights to Falstaff or Dickens to Scrooge. Wallace and Gromit are British national treasures and heritage. They also make no concession to life down south in England, least of all to its capital. Aardman was pressured more than once in America, Park says, to ease up on the broad vowels and burred brogue in the films’ dialogue.
+The Northall
+Corinthia Hotel, 10a Northumberland Ave, London, WC2N 5AE
+Lobster bisque £14
+Steamed lemon sole £27
+Loin of venison £38
+Sparkling water £5.50
+Glass of house rosé £10
+White wine spritzer £16
+Black coffee £6
+Total (inc service) £131.31
+The waiter plies us with sparkling water. But with our minds somewhere between Lancashire and Los Angeles, it’s all shimmering background detail. That includes the restaurant now filling up with living illustrations of the smart-casual look. The Northall is so big and airy, with columns, recessed ceiling and floor-to-cornice windows, that no one hears anyone else talk.
+Although Early Man has two or three hilarious new characters, even they, I suggest to Park, have strands of the primordial Park-world DNA. Hognob, for instance, the caveman hero’s nearly dumb but ingratiating wild-boar companion, is a Pleistocene-era Gromit, isn’t he? (Pleistocene, Plasticine; keep up with the overt or covert Aardman puns.)
+“I knew he would inevitably be compared,” Park says. “But I was trying to create a new character. The ‘sidekick’ is very key to our work really. Gromit would be rather put out if you treated him as a pet, whereas Hognob is much more a pet, like a lively, keen puppy.”
+Hognob has a glorious scene giving Bronze Age leader Lord Nooth a back-and-shoulders massage when Nooth, taking a bath, mistakes the porcine interloper’s footfall for his body-servant’s. It’s the Tony Curtis/Laurence Olivier scene in Spartacus gone gaga. Tom Hiddleston, voicing Nooth, makes “Ooh-aah” noises of sensual appreciation as Hognob pummels his shoulders.
+Park recalls he did the pummelling himself, in the dubbing studio, at Hiddleston’s realism-seeking request. It was another moment of “I never thought it would come to this” — “Me giving Tom Hiddleston a massage!” — for the man born to a family of modest means in Preston, Lancashire, in December 1958.
+His mother was a dressmaker (“She still is really. She’s a spry 88”) and his father was a photographer. He was also — didn’t I read somewhere? — an amateur inventor. “ ‘Inventor’ might be too strong a word,” Park says. “He was always in the shed. ‘Oh, I’ll make a shelf’. ‘Oh, I need a stool, I’ll go and make one.’ ”
+Park’s father sounds like the inspiration for his own most famous inventor character. Yet the director didn’t realise the dad-and-Wallace connection until after making his first film featuring the suburban boffin and weird dog. That was A Grand Day Out (1989), his graduate movie project for the National Film and Television School.
+“He loved being compared to Wallace. I hadn’t realised the similarity till that film. It was after Wallace had built the rocket to the Moon in his living room that I thought, ‘I’ve made a film about my dad!’ ”
+-------------------------------------------
+My bowl of soup, although tasty, is rather tepid. When it is cleared away, we get two main courses and they look piping hot. Park has lemon sole with broccoli and smoked garlic-and-parsley butter. “I want something light,” he says. “Otherwise I’ll fall asleep this afternoon.” For the same reason, he adds: “I’ll have a white wine spritzer”. I’ve chosen venison with braised red cabbage, salsify and peppered sauce. First taste, delicious. Plus a glass of house rosé.
+Park’s dad was instrumental, he goes on to say, in creating Nick Park the film-maker: something that was at that time, in the provincial world of Preston, Lancashire, unimaginable.
+“You never heard of anyone going into TV or films. It wasn’t an option. But my dad was a photographer by profession. He worked for a firm of architects. Someone at work had made a corporate video which had some animation. I think, some cut-out sheep moving on a hill. He handed me the home-movie camera and said, ‘Have a go, here’s this button’. That really inspired me. I still had to find out everything from the library. There was nothing on it at school. But there actually was a button on that camera that said, ‘Animation’.”
+© AlamyPark went to Sheffield Polytechnic, now Sheffield Hallam University, to study art. “I was always sketching, doodling. I came up with this guy called Mr Norris originally, who had a magic bike that could fly. And he kept a cat in the basket. That was Gromit before he became a dog. Later, at the National Film and Television School” — a quantum move to Beaconsfield, near London — “I got these sketches out and thought, what if he built a rocket? And so he became Wallace.”
+I’ve read how Gromit got his name: Park has an electrician brother who kept using the word “grommets” in the family’s hearing; as in rings or washers. But where did “Wallace” come from?
+Funnily enough it came from a dog. “A large old lady one day got on the bus into Preston. She had this large black Labrador and she said (broad Lancastrian accent), ‘Come on, Wallace!’ ‘Sit down, Wallace!’ ‘Behave, Wallace!’ I just loved the name.”
+Two later Wallace and Gromit films went on to win Best Animated Short Academy Awards: The Wrong Trousers (1994) and A Close Shave (1996). Before that Park’s debut Oscar was for Creature Comforts, a brilliant compendium of mini-sketches, in which “real” audio interviews with ordinary folk were set to the synchronised mouth movements of Park animals. His and Aardman’s fourth and last Oscar (to date) was for Best Animated Feature: won by 2005’s The Curse of the Were-Rabbit, a country-house horror comedy made for DreamWorks after the success of Chicken Run.
+Aardman was less successful in the US after that. But Park himself was barely involved in its computer-animation feature debut Flushed Away (2006), nor in two 3D collaborations with Sony, Arthur Christmas (2011) and The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists! (2012).
+The team returned to its roots and things look better already. Before Early Man, Wallace and Gromit were successfully revived for the BBC with A Matter of Loaf and Death, a spoof murder mystery.
+Will he ever get fed up with that barmy duo? “No, I love them. I’m so at home with them. I have more ideas. With Peter Sallis passing away last year [the actor whose lugubrious-comical tones endowed Wallace], it’s more difficult. He was quite special, wasn’t he? But Peter didn’t want to do everything. He didn’t do the voice for video games or sat navs, for instance. So we have an understudy and he’s very good.”
+Early Man makes a bid to bind past to present by insisting that a football culture, no less, existed in the Stone Age. A soccer match forms the film’s extended climax. Why not? Anarchic primitivism shading into zany anachronism — that’s what we want and expect from a Nick Park film, isn’t it?
+Park was brought up, after all, on the Beano comic(just like me), a bastion of 1950s/1960s British folk culture. He practically purrs when I mention this weekly nonsense-sheet now nearly legendary. “The Beano. That was my world, my window on reality. Dennis the Menace, the Bash Street Kids . . . ”
+Yes, I say. “And teeth”, I add. Those Beano characters, like so many Park characters (except of course the mouthless Gromit), had such maniacal teeth. That’s so British, isn’t it? Look what Hollywood did when it wanted to create a funny British secret agent. Austin Powers. Gave him terrible teeth.
+Park laughs. “It is a British thing.”
+(He mentions too Sallis’s early sallies as the voice of Wallace. Uttering the word “cheese” with proper Lancashire lengthening — “More chee-eese, Gromit” — stretched the Plasticine mouth so much that it showed all his lower teeth. “Let’s push it, I said. It’s funnier.”)
+We are asked if we want to order anything else, but the dessert menu makes you feel full just by reading it — banana sticky toffee pudding, Eton mess with green tea meringue — and we settle for one black coffee. Just for me, I say, before the waiter has another chance at “Between the two of you?”
+I’ve got one last question — and it’s a biggish one. Brexit.
+Don’t we just know, in this time of national obsession about the ripping of the near-umbilical cord with Europe, that people will seize on the plot of Early Man as a Brexit allegory?
+Park gives a silent, friendly groan. I didn’t know people could groan with their faces, but he’s an animator; he knows how. “We became aware of that. But we didn’t want the film to be perceived as a political statement. Because we’d started filming it before the Brexit referendum and we never saw it as an allegory of that.
+“But we were suddenly aware of what we had in our story. I didn’t want us to be seen as anti-European. I didn’t want the film to be adopted by Leave campaigners. I tend to be on the Remain side. The Europeans — if you see the Bronze Age characters as that — aren’t actually bad in the film. We get to love them and football brings everyone together. Nooth isn’t a villain. He’s just an avaricious individual who happens to be French.”
+The call of prehistory soon scatters thoughts of modern history. It’s back to work for Park, who takes a gracious, smiling leave. The flowers have stopped sticking out of his head, in that surreal perspective I had on my guest across the table, and he’s back to being the ordinary, nice bloke from Lancashire. The one who became internationally famous by putting the “potty” into putty.
+Nigel Andrews is the FT’s film critic
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+Tutor
+umbreonn
+Summary:
+Narancia didn't ask for a crush when his teacher recommended a math tutor.
+* Chapter 3 added
+Notes:
+hello!! this is my first fanfic and i hope you enjoy!
+chapter cw;;
+- none
+Chapter Text
+It was no secret that Narancia was bad at math, or rather, school in general. No matter how much he tried, he couldn’t grasp simple concepts or just simply didn’t pay attention. It all began in primary school and as he grew older it became a bigger issue. He still struggled with basic multiplication at times. Needless to say, it could get embarrassing to be called on in a class where you’re expected to remember formulas when you barely know the difference between a divisor and a dividend.
+When his math teacher recommended a tutor who was a year below him, Narancia couldn’t help but feel conflicted. He was ashamed of himself in a way for even needing a tutor, and for whatever reason having someone in a grade below him do the job felt like an insult. Advanced placement and honour student or not, Narancia was offended.
+Narancia had been familiar with his tutor, Fugo Pannacotta. He was a year beneath Narancia, however, incredibly intelligent. Fugo was in all the advanced placement classes available to his grade and passed all of them with ease. Narancia even had the boy in some of his own classes now that he thought about it. Fugo never spoke to him until he began to see him every other day of the school week. From what Narancia could tell, he was quiet and somewhat reserved. Although, when Fugo got miffed or irked about something he wasn’t afraid to express it. This intimidated Narancia to a degree… When the two first met up he feared Fugo would snap on him for his basic mistakes.
+Soon enough the two began to spend more and more time together for their tutoring. Narancia never attempted to get to know Fugo more, still slightly scared of him, and yet Fugo seemed interested in him. Narancia couldn’t help but feel as though Fugo only started small talk so he could to distract himself from the mental exhaustion that is teaching a high school student how to multiply. Then again, the more often they spoke the more Narancia became relaxed. After all, talking about your weekend is a lot less tense than being harshly glared at from the sidelines for the inability to multiply sixteen and fifty-five. Narancia got annoyed by Fugo’s tendency to look down on him, though he began to get used to it.
+He couldn’t pinpoint when, but there was a day where Narancia’s heart began to skip a beat at praise and he got excited for his Monday, Wednesday, and Friday study sessions. Narancia would stare at Fugo instead of paying attention to the process of how to find the square or cube of a number. He admired the other, even. Narancia did his best for Fugo. ...He still barely knew his multiplication tables and had a hard time knowing how to subtract negatives. Before he knew it, Narancia was fantasising about Fugo during almost all of his spare time. Even now. He couldn’t shake the thought of them holding hands, cuddling, sleeping in the same bed, kissing, being on top of--
+“Narancia, are you listening?” A familiar, seemingly honey dripping voice called. “Did you hear me?”
+“Yeah, yeah.” No, he didn’t. The older boy tried to keep his head up, a weak attempt to prevent nodding off. “Repeat it again anyways.”
+Fugo sighed in frustration, inhaling audibly as he tried to regain his composure. “Do you take any of this seriously? We’ve been doing this for four months and yet you can barely say what five times eight is off the top of your head.”
+“It’s twenty five!” Narancia huffed dramatically, offended. A small smirk was plastered on his face as he patted himself on the back for such a quick answer.
+Fugo stared for a moment, unsure of whether or not the other was joking. Sometimes Fugo wanted to laugh and other times he wanted to ram the mechanical pencil between his fingers into Narancia's face. The younger one’s eyes grew hazy with disappointment. The two remained silent for a moment. Fugo finally opened his mouth to give a curt response.
+“Fourty.”
+The smirk faded. Narancia flinched in his seat at the correction, exhaling softly. How humiliating. He was still ticked off that Fugo was younger than him.
+Fugo tilted his head in curiosity. It wasn’t exactly unnatural for Naracia to be bummed out about his mistakes, but he usually got more dramatic. A pensive look developed as he studied the older boy in an attempt to figure out why he was so genuinely upset.
+Narancia caught on, furrowing his brows at the mentor. He didn’t speak, averting his gaze. He noted that he couldn’t make direct eye contact with Fugo, and when he did it felt like a small victory when he could maintain it. A shade of red began to manifest from the tips of his ears to his cheeks. Unfortunately Fugo did notice his odd behaviour. The two came to a silence for a moment once more.
+“What’s wrong?” Fugo was the first to speak up, as Narancia predicted.
+“It- It’s nothing,” Narancia started, “not a thing.”
+“What a terrible liar.” A loud, exaggerated groan escaped the other’s lips. Now it was Fugo’s turn to be playfully dramatic. Narancia pouted at his mentor, resting his chin in his hand and facing away. “For real, though, what’s wrong?”
+Narancia hesitated. How was he supposed to just tell Fugo he couldn’t pay attention because he was thinking about them dating, being together, holding each other… It was damn near impossible. The two knew each other enough to be friends, but not lovers. If he professed his undying love right here and now everything would be awkward.
+“It’s nothing. Let’s continue, sorry for zoning out like that.” Narancia apologised uncharacteristically, a small and genuine smile tugging at the corners of his lips.
+Fugo blinked with a skeptical look, but continued. “Ah, alright. The square of a number is…”
+Fugo went on and on, and before he knew it Narancia was zoned out all over again. When would this be over?
+Chapter 2
+Summary:
+Narancia has an odd confrontation with Fugo.
+Chapter CW;
+- None
+Notes:
+ahhh sorry that i'm so bad with summaries qwq i hope you're enjoying this so far !! chapters may be inconsistent and i apologise ndsfg also i don't exactly proof read sometimes, so if there's errors i'm sorry about that too
+Chapter Text
+“Ah, for real?” A soft voice hummed, slightly surprised. The boy’s lips pursed as he pulled a loose strand of blonde hair behind his ear.
+“Yes! Why are you so surprised, you have no room to speak.” Another voice snapped back. This one was louder, it had an irritated ring to it.
+“It’s not a bad thing, Narancia.” Said boy couldn’t tell if he was talking about what he just admitted or if he was trying to defend himself over the fact Giorno himself acted like he needed tutoring to be with his senior crush, Bucciarati. In response, Narancia scrunched up his nose and tilted his head. “That you like him, I mean.”
+Giorno Giovanna, age 16, in advanced science classes, a year behind Narancia, in three of Narancia’s classes. He has been Narancia’s friend since last year ever since they met in a biology elective Narancia was forced to take (and that he failed). Giorno tried to help Narancia with his science grades to the best of his ability, considering they were in the same class. Nowadays, he helps him find out more on Fugo than ecology.
+Narancia felt self conscious about his crush. After all, this was his math tutor who nearly punched him for being unable to do long division. Narancia’s excuse was that there was always a calculator, and that sent Fugo over the moon and back. Plus Narancia was older than Fugo, even if it was only by a year. On top of all of that, Fugo was a guy. Not that that’s an issue, and nobody in the school would judge, but up until now Narancia only really crushed on girls.
+Giorno and Narancia continued to walk down the hallways. It was after school, and today would be one of the days Narancia had off from tutoring. Who knew people could miss studying. The boy fumbled with his fingers, thinking about Fugo. He wasn’t sure what he did on the days he wasn’t tutoring him. Did he ever miss tutoring? Did he miss Narancia? ...Was he a bother? Those were questions for later.
+Narancia asked Giorno to get more intel on Fugo and his life. Since the two were in the same grade and had some idea of their fellow classmates, Giorno began to befriend Fugo with ease. Giorno noted that Fugo didn’t seem to have many friends. Not that he was alone, he just didn’t seem to hang out or talk with anyone outside of school. Giorno managed to get through to him and at least get a phone number, but all they exchanged were confirmations on homework for the night and the occasional conversations about their peers.
+Fugo was apparently exceptionally intelligent out of his classmates. He was a rather well liked student who kept to himself yet didn’t mind helping others. At the same time, Narancia had heard he’s the type to read you on read when you ask to copy homework (Giorno was the same way, which is honestly why they clicked so well). Fugo spent his time at the library after school when he wasn’t with Narancia, according to Giorno. He also tutored some other kids over the weekend on occasion, however, there were other notable tutors throughout the grades people went to.
+“You know, he’s probably in the library as we speak.” Giorno voiced in his usual soft voice, glancing at Narancia. The blonde’s emerald eyes were gentle. “Do you want to go and see him?”
+“N-No!” Narancia shrieked. Giorno blinked at him cooly. “I mean… no it’s okay! Just tell me more about him.” Narancia huffed. He could feel his cheeks becoming hot, the tips of his ears were warming up as well.
+Giorno nodded stiffly, sighing out as he prepared himself. “Well, he lives with his parents and studies all day and all night, his parents pressure him to hell and back from what he’s told me. He also comes from a wealthy family. There’s no one he seems to have an interest in and he helps with tutoring for you and a couple other students. Ah, what else…”
+“I have to go to the bathroom!” Narancia declared with a yelp, making a beeline towards the restrooms. Giorno was left before he could say anything, confused. Narancia was confused too, he didn’t even know why he was so panicked himself.
+Narancia sighed softly when he reached the bathroom. He probably just wanted to get away from thinking about Fugo. As warm and bubbly as it made him on the inside, he couldn’t help but get waves of grief and despair over it. After all, dating Fugo was basically a pipe dream at this point. Even if they were to date, the other would definitely get sick of Narancia quickly, right?
+Narancia sighed, glancing up at himself in the mirror. He usually didn’t stay after school like this, not unless he expected his father to be home or angry at him that is. He usually hung out with Giorno or Josuke around this time if they stayed after. Then again, Narancia caught himself loitering around in the bathrooms often too. People who stayed after weren’t usually on this wing of the building.
+Narancia frowned, his violet eyes watched him in the mirror as he stared back at himself with a pouty expression. How long does this whole crush thing last? Almost subconsciously, the boy let out an extended groan of annoyance and furrowed his brows. He opened his mouth to say something to himself, but was instantly silenced by the sound of a toilet flushing.
+Narancia whipped around, eyes wide as he noticed moving around beneath one of the stalls. He stiffened up, shifting himself to have a more upright stance than before. The sound of a lock resounded throughout the bathroom and a stall door to Narancia’s left opened wide. Before he was able to say anything, he was met with the familiar face that belonged to Pannacotta Fugo. While he still looked beautiful with his signature plum purple eyes and almost perfect honey blonde hair, he seemed… upset? Not his usual rage upset, but more defeated, tired.
+“F-Fugo! Aha… how are you?” Narancia sputtered nervously. He couldn’t keep composed around Fugo in the end no matter his mood. He took a second glance at the younger again, the nervous sweat beads that were dripping down his forehead seemed to become those of concern. “U-Uhm, are you okay..?”
+Fugo let out a heavy sigh, he looked like shit in all honestly. His eyes were sunken and his expression seemed exhausted which was a major contrast to how he looked just yesterday. From the looks of it, it appeared as though it took a lot out of him to engage in social interaction at the moment. He didn’t want to engage in social interaction at the moment. Nonetheless, he replied.
+“Yes,” that would’ve been convincing if his voice didn’t sound strained, “I’m fine.”
+“Call me crazy but for some reason I don’t believe you.”
+Narancia regretted his words almost immediately, following up the comment with an awkward and misplaced laugh. He expected Fugo to tell him to fuck off or get pissy, but instead he shook his head. He smiled at the older boy, though it seemed rather sad.
+“I won’t call you crazy.” Fugo bit his lip, visibly uncomfortable. Silence stood between the two. How did this always happen? Hours seemed to pass before either of them spoke again. “Sorry for worrying you, but I’ve got to go home now. See you tomorrow.”
+And with that, he was gone. Narancia waved off, still wide eyed. Concern had been painted on his face the entirety of their little exchange. What the hell happened? As much as Narancia would like to run after him, he decided not to. Narancia stood there, wondering why he was so stupid. He didn’t even ask what was wrong!
+The bathroom door opened again and golden blonde hair paired with firm green eyes came face to face with Narancia. Giorno gave Narancia an accusing, yet bewildered glare.
+“Why does Fugo look like he’s about to cry, or already did?”
+Chapter 3
+Summary:
+Finding out what happened to Fugo.
+TW//NOTE: massive cw for implied sexual assault !!! the first half of this chapter isn't necessarily relevant, as the key parts will be mentioned/implied in thoughts later on, so if you are uncomfortable with sexual assault feel free to skip to the second half of the chapter.
+Notes:
+sorry this is so late !!! i have plans for the next couple chapters and i'll have more free time soon
+Chapter Text
+Fugo stumbled to his English professor’s room fairly hesitantly. He didn’t really have a pep in his step, you could say. He definitely wasn’t excited by any means. He walked slowly, making sure to take his time with every foot forward. The more he walked, the heavier his chest felt and the more butterflies began to flutter in his stomach.
+Fugo behaved in class and did well, he was an overall perfect student. He got flawless grades on nearly everything and most teachers were proud to have him in their class. His grades were no exception in English class. He wrote model essays and scored well on his exams. Fugo did his absolute best in that class. No matter what, though, it didn’t help.
+Nothing Fugo could do could stop or prevent the way the professor checked him out in class, or the way he tried to touch Fugo’s shoulders, sides, or back whenever possible, or tried to talk him into staying after. After months of fighting off the discomfort and anxiety, he finally gave in to the pressure. He was blackmailed into it, anyways.
+The professor learned of how hard Fugo’s parents were on him, and threatened to fail the student or suggest tutoring if he didn’t stay after with him. Of course, to prevent a harsh punishment, he complied. Then again, any punishment from his parents would’ve been better than what Fugo had to endure. It was too late now, unfortunately.
+Fugo was forced to go after school with the professor. At first, Fugo would try to distract himself with school work, and eventually he’d be being touched in some way or being flirted to (the professor wasn’t exactly subtle). He hated it, he just wanted to punch the professor… Today would be the same day. The shoulder rubbing, the attempts at holding his sides, the hot breaths down his neck. It was absolutely vile.
+Fugo found himself breathing somewhat heavily outside of the professor’s office. In an attempt to calm himself, he tried telling himself that it would stop, at least for today. He knew deep down that was an irrational thought, though. None of this would ever truly stop unless Fugo did something. But then again, but what if this was all a misinterpretation? Maybe the professor meant no harm after all. The teenager desperately thought of excuses. There was a time he looked up to and respected this man…
+Fugo reluctantly opened the door to let himself in, being met by the professor gazing at him expectantly. It was as if he knew Fugo would be there. Then again, Fugo made sure he was on time to avoid any mishaps.
+“Good afternoon, Fugo.” The teacher spoke up, standing from his seat. Fugo waved sheepishly, making a beeline towards a front desk. All he had to do was make up some school work, ask a few questions here and there, and be on his way. “How were classes?”
+Fugo planted his palms on the desk after putting his stuff down, still standing. He was slightly bent over as he leaned forward, trying to catch his anxious breaths. It was then he felt a hand from behind meandering from Fugo’s shoulder to his side. Another joined, this one on his waist. Fugo’s heart dropped like a dime, the anxiety he had before came again but this time it was worse.
+Fugo couldn’t speak, he could only press his lips together in anticipation for what would happen next. The professor never held him like this. Usually Fugo could brush him off or slip away, but now he was trapped between the desk and the body behind him. The hands on his waist trailed down to his crotch, palming against it. Fugo’s breath hitched as he tried to bite back a choke. This was all happening was too fast.
+���It’s rude if you don’t answer, isn’t it?” The voice behind him spoke, hot breaths running down Fugo’s neck. The teen twitched in his place, wanting to run away. His feet were glued to the floor in fear, though.
+The purr in the voice as well as the offer caused Fugo to turn red with embarrassment. He felt vulnerable. Trapped, even. Fugo finally found his voice, speaking in a raspy tone. “I… I-I don’t-” Just like that his voice was gone again.
+The grip on him grew tighter. The hands pulled the younger one roughly against his professor. In a situation like this, Fugo would let his anger get the best of him. He would fight with all he had to get away and call for help. So why now did he struggle? Why didn’t he just whip around and punch or shove the professor?
+“Fugo,” the professor spoke up and the boy beneath him could tell there was probably a disgusting grin on his face. “Today will be the last day you have to stay with me. You just have to do one thing…”
+Last day? Did he hear that correctly? Either way, Fugo still felt gross. He tried to stop oncoming sniffles and remained still. With that, hands began to wander again, exploring all over.
+“Relax, it’ll be over soon.”
+—— Second half ——
+Fugo scrunched his nose up in disgust at the toilet. The acidic burn of vomit coated his throat and mouth. His shaky hands reached for the handle on the side of the toilet, flushing down whatever he hurled. A dull expression remained on his face, not necessarily angry or sad, just dull. Lifeless.
+Despite his seemingly calm natured expression, he was anything but. He, in reality, couldn’t feel anything but guilt, anger, fear, and despair. Fugo would probably be expelled or suspended tomorrow, or whenever they find the professor. He did knock him out, after all. With an encyclopaedia no less. The professor deserved it, though.
+Fugo wanted to cry, he wanted to throw something, kick something, anything. He just needed to let it all out. He couldn’t, though. Nobody could know what happened. Rather, what Fugo let happen. If he just said no this could have all been avoided, right? Maybe it was best to just ignore it and try to distract himself. Tears threatened to spill when he remembered for even a second.
+The noise of shoes clacking on the tile ground snapped Fugo from his thoughts, luckily. This only lasted a moment or so, as his brain immediately came back to the idea no one could know no matter what. After all, they’d probably find him disgusting. Even if they didn’t, Fugo thought he was disgusting. He felt soiled and dirtied. His professor just sexually assaulted him and he just let it happen. Never mind that for now, how long had this person been here? When he first arrived he made sure no one was there, maybe midway through being sick somebody entered. How embarrassing...
+Fugo bit his lip, reluctantly standing up properly and inhaling. He reached for the lock on the stall, taking a deep breath. With every other breath, anxiety rose. His heart was thumping through his ears and he swore he’d be sick again if he stepped out of the stall. Fugo found enough strength to swallow down the lump in his throat that was already reforming and step out. He managed not to cry, somehow.
+Rather than greeting an angry staff member ready to scream at him about knocking out a teacher, he was met with a familiar face. Upon seeing Narancia already facing him, Fugo’s heart instantly ached. Now he really wanted to hide. Narancia seemed slightly panicked himself.
+“F-Fugo! Aha… how are you?” Fugo took note of how Narancia’s face shined with a light sweat. He couldn’t help but wonder if he knew anything. God, what would Narancia think of him? “U-Uhm, are you okay..?”
+No. That’s what Fugo would’ve said, but words couldn’t come out. He sighed heavily, gazing down at the ground. As much as he longed for comfort and love at the moment, he also wanted to be alone. Fugo wanted to isolate himself to avoid an oncoming rage, or questions, or anything. He yearned to talk about his feelings but he knew that he’d be shamed.
+“Yes, I’m fine.” Fugo couldn’t come out with the truth. His focus seemed to blur between Narancia and the events that happened previously. He didn’t even notice the strain in his voice.
+“Call me crazy but for some reason I don’t believe you.” Narancia pressed. Well no shit? Fugo could feel a spark of annoyance come with that. Narancia must have caught on that Fugo wasn’t in the mood to hear it even if he didn’t look as angry as he would when Narancia could barely define a quadratic because he let out a half concerned half terrified laugh. Fugo blinked, looking up to the older with a sad simper on his face. At least Narancia tried.
+“I won’t call you crazy.” Fugo couldn’t help but bite down on his lip again. What was going through the other’s head right now? Fugo’s heart was still pumping, and he couldn’t bare the silence between them. It was only a matter of time before Narancia asked what was wrong. “Sorry for worrying you,” something Fugo never thought he’d say, “but I’ve got to go home now.” Nothing he’d want to do. “See you tomorrow.”
+Fugo brushed past Narancia, tears finally winning the war as they streamed down his face. He opened the door, wiping away the dampness on his cheeks. He glanced to the side, his eyes locking for a brief moment with the blue eyes of somebody in his grade. Giorno Giovanna. Why was he even there? Fugo turned away automatically, continuing down the hallway. It was only a matter of time before--
+“Pannacotta Fugo.” Ah, there it was. “Come to my office, please.”
+Actions
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+Let from the G-d of his salvation!”
+It is the G-d of our Salvation who has been preparing his peoples since the debacle in the Garden of Eden when we lost access to the Tree of Life. Over the millenniums He, the G-d of our salvation has been waiting for all the 12-Tribes of Israel to come with rejoicing and to “ascend to the Mountain of our G-d”.
+We talk a lot about ascending to a higher level of spiritual elevations, but now we can perceive the reality of that spiritual urge within our hearts. It is today not a thought process but a spiritual reality. We can truly perceive if we try to be aware that we are so close to transforming our earthly planet into a spiritual world as we are soon to be transformed back into angelic beings as Adam and Chavah (Eve) were in the utopian world called Gan Eden.
+As recently proclaimed by Rabbi Mendel Kessin in a two hour lecture in a Jerusalem synagogue and written about in a Destination Yisrael article titled, “Jewish Rabbi in Israel states that the World is 98% ready for the Messiah, Rabbi Mendel Kessin made this statement:
+Rabbi Mendel Kessin - “In the original plan of Creation, the one to do tikkun, which means to rectify creation, to dematerialize the universe, originally God wanted all mankind to do the job. Not the Jews, but all Mankind.” This included the Lost Ten Tribes of the House of Israel.
+The job of tikkun literally means, (“fixing”), which was first assigned to Adam in the Garden of Eden. It was their duty to elevate physical existence into spiritual existence.
+We need to create, or retransform, a physical universe into a spiritual universe. That ultimately becomes Olam Haba (The World to Come) and that’s the world we will exist in for all eternity. That’s the purpose of man. To remove the physical barrier in-order to make this universe a spiritual universe.
+In the original plan of Creation, the one to do tikkun, which means to rectify creation, was to dematerialize this universe. Originally God wanted mankind to do the job. Not the Jews, but all Mankind.”
+The Beautiful Daughter of Zion, Hallel Yaffa Ariel and her mother, Rina Ariel.
+It was a fateful evening on Thursday, June 30th, on the 24th of Siven just before the beginning of the Jubilee year of 5777 (2016) that a beautiful 13-year-old “daughter of Zion’s” life had her life snuffed out by a Palestinian terrorist. He scaled the security fence and stabbed her while asleep in her bed. This one event went viral and ricochet around the world like no other event in modern Israeli history. This international event was covered by Destination Yisrael in the article, titled: "The Testimony of the Death of a Young Jewish Girl that will Change the Whole World", on July 17, 2016.
+Hallel Yaffa Ariel was a teen-age pioneer and patriot of the city of Hebron, where the Patriarchs and their wives are buried. This was the biblical homeland of the Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob not the Palestinians nor the Canaanites..”
+The world was enraged at such a senseless loss. Yet with this event, the Jewish settlers living in the Land of Israel rose-up in mass with the flood of tears swelling up from the ground below as revealed by Rabbi Eliyahu Shlomo Zalman, noted Torah genius called the Vilna Gaon, moving the battle for the final destiny of Israel forward in our midst with great vengeance.
+It was the One G-d of Israel who took this catastrophic event and began within 24 hours laid the foundation for the beginnings of the spiritual ascent of the Jewish settlers to a higher level of Jewish spiritual consciousness. How could this be?
+The secret weapon that HaShem had already planted in the Land of Israel was the one family, the Ariel parents of the slain Jewish martyr, Hallel Yaffa. Her father, Amihal Arial is a cohen (priest) of the lineage of Aaron the High Priest. Her mother, Rina Ariel is a daughter of a Cohen (priest). This was spiritual dynamite.
+Within hours of Hallel’s death, on July 1, outside the Shaarei Zedek hospital in Jerusalem where she breathed her last breath, Hallel’s father, the priest, Amihal Arial cried out with divine justice.
+He called upon the patriot-pioneer Jewish settlers in the spiritual battleground of Shomron and Judea who came with their condolences gathered together and invited them “to come and console us, strengthen us, and tell us that Kiryat Arba at Hebron, the land of their ancestral forefathers is still a place to live in and not die in.”
+They expected to find Hallel’s mother to be incapacitated with grief. Instead, they found a
+“rock of Zion” speaking for all the settlers in Shomron and Judea, “Our story started in Hebron”, where King David built his first altar to the One-G-d of Israel and “it will end in Har Habayit (The Temple Mount) speaking the words of Samuel the Prophet:
+I Samuel 15:29 – “And also the Glory of Israel will not lie nor repent; for He is not a man, that He should repent.”
+At that moment of time, divine forces of “Light and Goodness” under the command of Metatron the future Melekh Ha Mashiach, began the universal process of dematerializing this physical Planet Earth and moving our lives on Planet Earth towards a spiritual universe.
+Within hours, when Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu made a condolence call. It was the brave mother who made the connection between the murder of her daughter and the Temple Mount. This is what she said to the Israeli Prime minister:
+Rina Arial to PM Benyamin Netanyahu – “It is forbidden that a private Jewish household should be destroyed, so we must direct our concerns to the House of G-d. It is totally untenable to allow the Muslims to have control of the Temple Mount… The real cause of terror is the Muslim monopoly of the Temple Mount. There is a direct link from there to the murder of my daughter.
+This is not something disconnected. It is one and the same. They receive a prize (control of the Temple Mount), if they violently riot and I [as a Jew] am chased off the Mount [by my government] then they come to my house and murder my daughter.”
+Twelve days after Hallel’s death, under the national invitation for all Jews to meet at the Mover 500 people converged at the entrance of the Temple Mount as they visited the sight of the Al Aqsa Mosque compound. This was the largest group of Jewish visitors every assembled on the Temple Mount since its capture in the 1967 war that occurred 50 years (A Jubilee of Years) ago this year.
+Isaiah 2:3 – “And many people.”
+At that moment of time, Rina Arial and her sister, Yael Kabillo, Hillel’s aunt who is the chairperson for “Women of the Holy Temple” began the preparation on that same day preparing for a mass ascension of the Jewish people to the Temple Mount. This was an honor to Hallel’s death who herself was a pioneer and patriot of Israel. As stated in the Breaking Israel News article titled; “Family of slain Teen calls for unprecedented Mass Ascension to the Temple Mount.”)
+Breaking Israel News – “The terrorist stabbed a young Jewish girl deep in her heart. We awaken our hearts to the heart of our nation, which has always been the Temple Mount. They have the nerve to enter a private home, we need to gather the nerve to enter into the House of G-d, the Temple Mount, not to be afraid, but with tremendous courage…My sister (Rina) is responding with love and light. She wants people to see what a Jewish response is, that we don’t celebrate death, not even the death of our enemy. It’s unfortunate that the other side isn’t like that. They celebrate death”
+Jewish visitors to the Temple Mount during Sukkot, October 23, 2016
+(Facebook Page: Students for the Temple Mount)
+Yet that was not all! For the first time in decades, including a relaxation during the Fall Holiday season, a record number of over 3000 people ascended the Mugrabi Gate, the sole entrance for non-Muslims to enter the Temple Mount. Despite short visiting hours and the relaxation of the police and non-Muslim visitors, any non-Muslim visitor could discretely pray silently without disturbance from the Waqf security.
+Religious Jewish men holding the “Four Species” of Sukkot wait to enter the Temple Mount compound at the Mughrabi gate.
+Visiting the Temple Mount during the Holiday season of Sukkot according to the Torah and Jewish traditions is particularly meaningful during the holiday of Sukkot as it is one of the three pilgrimage festivals when Jews were required to bring offerings to the Temple in Jerusalem, according to Biblical tradition.
+Even more so, a few of the Temple Mount activists were given provision that they were allowed to carry a lulav bundle of four species, that were to be ritually shaken on each day of the week-long festival. This was despite a police ban on any non-Muslim religious item carried upon the Temple Mount compound. As reported:
+The Dome of the Rock, the Western Wall and the Mughrabi Gate entrance to the compound known to Muslims as al-Haram al-Sharif, and to Jews as Temple Mount, are seen in Jerusalem's Old City. (REUTERS)
+“The police have gone back to exercising restraint and stopped harassing non-public prayers. Thus, many Jews could pray on the Temple Mount quietly, and some even inconspicuously carried a lulav and the [other] species.”
+For many of the visitors that celebrated on this most august Holiday season of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur and Sukkot, thousands are anticipating the Era of
+the King Messiah is expected to begin in the Jewish year of 5777, as prescribed in the ancient biblical traditions. Visiting the Temple Mount was especially meaningful during the holiday of Sukkot, which according to Biblical tradition is one of the three pilgrimage festivals when Jews were required to bring offerings to the Temple in Jerusalem.
+As noted in a recent statement by the organization of Temple Mount activists, this Sukkot, some. Thus, many Jews went to the Temple Mount with the spiritual goal to quietly pray and bless the G-d of Israel.
+During this time, Israeli Knesset members continued to be restricted from ascending the Temple Mount. This was a record year as more visitors from around the world did come to Jerusalem for one purpose to ascend the Temple Mount. It was even more special as the end of this Jubilee year, the Jewish Nation of Israel literally began the literal preparation for “Era of King Messiah” to begin.
+With the flood of the human cries of the Jewish people reached up with their cries for their redemption. It swelled up from the ground below, as revealed by Rabbi Eliyahu Shlomo Zalman, noted Torah genius called the Vilna Gaon, as the battle for the final destiny of Israel was now beginning to rise-up within our midst with great vengeance.
+Are we able and willing to perceive that the hand of the Almighty One of Israel is transforming the Land the Israel? Is the G-d of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob now beginning to manifest His Sovereignty over the His Zion in Jerusalem and the Temple Mount?
+Consider the evidence that happened this past October 2016 Sukkot Holiday Season in the Jewish year of 5777.
+- A 13-year-old Jewish girl, Hallel was stabbed to death by a Palestinian terrorist. He deliberately scaled a protective wall and invaded her home as she was sleeping.
+- Unknown, the mother and her father were of Cohen bloodlines and descendants of Aaron the High Priest.
+- Within the first 24 yours, her parents evoked a divine mandate; if you invade our home to kill, we will invade the House of G-d on the Temple Mount to bring life.
+- In 12 days, the largest ascension upon the Temple Mount in Jerusalem occurred as 500 Jews gathered at the Mughrabi Gate to ascend upon the Temple Mount. For the first this time it came with the consent of the Waqf and the Temple police.
+- For the first-time ever non-Muslims were allowed to quietly pray on the Temple Mount.
+- Again, for the first time ever, the office of the Prime Minister of Israel agreed to allow mass ascension upon the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
+- Israeli Knesset (MK) politicians were not allowed to enter the Temple Mount during the Fall Holidays, but 3 months later in February 2017 the ban on Israeli MKs visiting the Temple Mount was lifted.
+- Today, architectural plans to build 4 synagogues on the Temple Mount have now been drawn preparing to recreate a spiritual atmosphere so that the Holy and Divine One may come down and dwell upon men.
+Think seriously! Can you perceive that the angelic hosts of the Divine Creator of the Universe are now slowly taking back HaShem's divinely appointed place on Planet Earth, the House of G-d? Are we preparing ourselves to be willing to become a part of the greatest mass Exodus in history from one continent to the Land of Israel as Jerusalem is preparing to become the Solar Rex capital of this Universe?
+The map planned by Yakov Hayman to construct four synagogues on the Temple Mount. (Photo: Yishai
+Today, all 12 Tribed Israel, whether we perceive it or not are now standing on the "Final Seashore" called the "Edge of Time". This will be the end-days of our "3-Dimensional space-time reality" on Planet Earth.
+Across this great ocean to our future is the "World Beyond", a world unknown to all of us; the messianic four-directional fabric of a "higher-4th Dimensional world of universal space-time."
+If we are willing to stop for a moment of time, to remain in control of Planet Earth as Metatron, the future King Messiah (Melekh HaMaschiach) is in control of this planet as Michael the Archangel is protecting the Jews in Israel.
+The cries of the Jewish people are rising-up from the ground below. Soon the Almighty One of Israel will open the flood gates of heaven from above and usher us through the 50th Gate of Jerusalem, as the futuristic “Era of the Messiah” prepares us for the outcome of the mankind’s final fate as the “Era of King Messiah" has now arrived.
+************ in all ages as a symbol of righteousness and loving kindness. The legacy of her name, Hallel, “praise to the Al-mighty G-d of Israel”, will resonate through all eternity.
+************:
+September 2016 Shape Up SF Newsletter
+September 2016
+Dear Shape Up Coalition Member,
+We are wrapping up a busy summer here at the Y, a summer in which our youth explored the great outdoors and pushed the limits of science with a hands on fair – Thingamajig. Seven teens from our Buchanan Y embarked on an incredible four day, 30 mile hike through the Bay Area National Parks in celebration of the National Parks Service centennial celebration- Pack the Parks. Thingamajig is a national Y initiative through which Y summer campers explore science and their imagination by creating awesome projects. The winning youth inventor teams created an IPhone magnifying glass, a Game of Thrones throne, and a backpack made of cardboard and duct tape.
+We are proud of our youth who live in this great city and have the opportunity to explore and grow through healthy opportunities. Thanks to the ongoing work of Shape Up San Francisco, these opportunities are available. As we approach the
+10 year anniversary of Shape Up San Francisco
+, we have a lot to be proud of, from changing the conversation on the impact of sugary sweetened beverages to working to ensure our streets are safe for our kids to walk/bike to school, I am proud to be part of such a powerful movement.
+Mark your calendars for the symposium to mark 10 years of Shape Up SF progress. Hear from policymakers, stakeholders and contribute to the conversation as we discuss the future of chronic disease prevention and healthy communities. We are honored to host Dr. Sandra Hernandez, President and CEO, California Health Care Foundation as our keynote speaker. Sandra is a leader in philanthropy, an expert in public health and policy and former director of the SF Dept. of Public Health. Mark your calendars!
+Register here
+.
+When: Thursday, October 13, 2016, 9:30 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.
+Where: The Green Room, 401 Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102
+See you there!
+Chuck Collins, Shape Up SF Co-chair
+In This Issue...
+BANPAC
+HealthyRetailSF
+Job Opportunity
+Measuring Collective Impact
+Micro-Grant Applicaiton
+PE Advocates
+Rafiki Coalition
+Sunday Streets
+Walk & Roll to School Day
+Chronic Disease Prevention Week Micro-Grants
+October 10-16, 2016 will be Chronic Disease Prevention Week in San Francisco! Chronic diseases such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes are the most common, costly, and preventable health conditions. Help shine a spotlight on chronic disease prevention by activating a week of activities that celebrate healthy eating and active living. Shape Up SF will offer micro-grants for our partners to plan an event/activity at part of Chronic Disease Prevention Week.
+Learn more and download the
+application (WORD)
+and
+budget template (EXCEL)
+.
+Submissions are due September 6 by 12 pm. We will inform those selected by September 23
+.
+By Josie Ahrens
+Don't miss the 20th Annual Walk & Roll to School Day!.
+Sign your school up now
+!, we plan to bring Walk & Roll to School Day to a record-breaking
+100
+schools and
+16,000
+students across the city!
+Don't miss out on FREE giveaways from the Safe Routes to School Partnership
+(supplies are limited). It's easy (and fun) to organize a Walk & Roll to School Day event at your child's school. The deadline for schools to register is Friday, September 23 -- don't wait,
+.
+For more information, contact Walk San Francisco at (415) 431-9255 or via
+.
+By Dedriana Lomax
+Uniting Parents for Physical Education (UPPE)
+is back and in full swing! Partners have been working hard to schedule school site workshops and physical activity sessions for parents. They convened their first workshop of the school year at
+Malcolm X Elementary School
+on September 2nd.
+Partners have also been recruiting parents to join our campaign and become PE champions. Our parent PE champions use their voice to raise the value of PE at their child(s) school and throughout the district. If you are a parent, guardian, or grandparent who believes that PE matters and wants to help change the PE culture in SFUSD,
+!
+UPPE
+is. They believe that a parent voice is needed to help raise the value of PE in SFUSD.
+UPPE is made possible through funding by
+Kaiser Permanente
+.
+Measuring Collective Impact
+We need your help to measure the amazing work we are all doing to decrease consumption of sugary drinks and promote tap water; increase access to healthy food; and increase opportunities for physical activity. If you or your organization has done any education/outreach activities or implemented policy, systems, or environmental (PSE) changes, PLEASE take a few moments to let us know.
+Strategy 1: Discussion, adoption, and/or implementation of PSE strategies related to:
+Sugary drinks
+(This survey says to track from July 1, 2015, but please begin tracking from January 1, 2015).
+Acceses to healthy food
+Opportunities for physical activity
+*Note: you need to estimate the impact of PSE strategies.
+Strategy 2: Education or outreach activities to educate community members or health care providers about:
+Sugary drinks
+(This survey says to track from July 1, 2015, but please begin tracking from January 1, 2015).
+Access to healthy food
+Opportunities for physical activity
+*Note: please complete a survey for each activity/event
+If there are any other activities you have done related to our 3 priority areas that were not captured in the above surveys, please let us know!
+Please
+bookmark this page
+so you may track your ongoing progress. Thank you!!
+By Dr. Marcus Lorenzo Penn, MD, CYT
+Rafiki Coalition for Health and Wellness
+Exercise, Nutrition and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
+For more information, contact Dr. Marcus by calling 415.615.9945, ext. 102, or send an
+.
+First Saturday Health Party
+: Join us on
+September 10
+from 9am-12pm for a neighborhood health party that’s good for your Mind, Body and Soul!
+9:00 – 11:00 am CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine):
+Acupuncture, Chiropractic, Massage, Reflexology, and Health Screenings. Appointments available until filled, as some services fill sooner than others.
+9:30 – 10:30 am CARDIO-SOUL w/Tiffany
+: Join us for a fun, soulful class of hip style movements. All levels welcome!
+10:30 – 11:00 am COOKING 4 LIFE
+: Chef HuNia will be preparing delicious food to feed your body, mind and soul.
+11:00 am LUNCH & TABLE TALK
+: Engage in conversation focused on better health with members from the African American Community Health Equity Council.
+Nia Movement:
+Healing movement infused with African dance and exercise!
+September 1, 8, *15, 22, 29
+from 6:30-7:30 p.m. w/Farcia
+*September 15, Guest instructor
+Cardio-Soul:
+Join us for a fun and soulful workout!
+September 3, 10, 17, 24
+from 9:30-10:30 a.m. w/Tiffany
+Acupuncture – Monday - Thursday | 8am-4pm, Fridays | 12:00 pm-4:00 pm.
+We are offering free acupuncture at the Wellness Center at the Alice Griffith Housing Complex located at 2 Cameron Way. For information and appointments call 415-822-2676.
+On September 11, between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m., the Western Addition will be transformed into a safe space for the community to gather, kids to play, and neighbors to socialize.
+For just five hours, the streets will be filled with healthy activities, music, performances, and arts!
+The Western Addition Sunday Streets.
+By Jessica Estrada
+The HealthyRetailSF Program
+, in partnership with the Tenderloin Healthy Corner Store Coalition, completed another corner store reset/redesign in early August -- at
+Fox Market
+in the Tenderloin. Fox Market has received a new produce refrigerator, produce shelves, metro shelving, as well as price and healthy promotional signage - where there was once just sodas and other sugary beverages. Produce, new products and healthy snacks are now being sold!
+See photos
+Before and after photos (inside store)
+Before and after photos (outside store)
+By Marianne Szeto
+Bay Area Moves (BAM!)! is excited to announce that our
+Parks & Public Health Forum
+will be on September 21 at
+Fort Mason
+in San Francisco.
+The event will feature dynamic speakers, interactive workshops, and opportunities to network. In addition to offering a variety of topics such as parks, partnerships, and community health, we have received requests to include more education on physical activity programming for the non-PA professional.
+REGISTER TODAY!
+By Janna Corderio, MPH
+Healthy Beverage Consultant
+As the summer winds down and the kids go back to school, the conversation about sugary drinks continues to heat up.
+American Heart Association Recommends New Limits on Added Sugars and Sugary Drinks for Youth
+In late August, the American Heart Association
+released strong new guidelines recommending added sugar limits for kids and teens. In summary:
+Children 2-18 should.
+A full statement from AHA can be found
+here
+.
+Some news about the recommendations can be found here:
+U.S. heart group sets limit on sugar for kids and teens
+New Study from Berkeley Researchers Suggests Soda Tax is Working
+A
+new study
+coming from researchers at UC Berkeley suggests that the first-ever US soda tax passed by a city is working.
+Researchers surveyed residents of low-income neighborhoods in both Berkeley and San Francisco prior to the soda tax passing in Berkeley in November 2014 and found that on average residents in both cities consumed about 1 ¼ sugary drinks a day. After the soda tax was implemented, researchers went back to those same neighborhoods and surveyed residents. In San Francisco, where a soda tax did not pass, residents drank slightly more than they reported drinking in the previous year. However, in Berkeley, residents reported drinking 20% less sugary drinks than they had prior to the soda tax passing. These data are similar to the effects initially reported from the Mexico soda tax. This drop in consumption indicates that the tax may be working as public health advocates had expected and according to lead researcher Kristine Madsen “could have a huge public health impact.” Additional research to measure beverage sales and storeowner’s response to the tax will be released soon.
+On-going research is needed to evaluate the impacts of soda taxes on small businesses, consumer perception of sugary drinks, consumption patterns, and ultimately the prevalence of chronic diseases.
+For more news about this groundbreaking research, see:
+Soda Tax Drives Down Sales In Berkeley, Calif.
+Commentary from Head of the American Heart Association
+Job Opportunity
+Youth Enrichment Program Coordinator Job Announcement
+Resources for Community Development (RCD), a leading regional nonprofit developer and owner of affordable housing, is currently recruiting for a full-time, non-exempt Youth Enrichment Program Coordinator to work in Berkeley, Oakland, and Emeryville. The Youth Enrichment Program Coordinator will be responsible for managing and overseeing the Homework Club and all enrichment activities for the youth living at RCD’s affordable housing sites, including the site to which he/she is assigned. This work entails producing ongoing age-appropriate activities and experiences for youth. Learn more
+here
+.
+Compose your email here.
+⦠... Permethrin is an ingredient while Permethrin SFR is a product that has permethrin ⦠", See More 0 : PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: Odorless concentrate labeled for use in and around homes. Permethrin SFR is a broad spectrum insecticide that offers a quick knockdown of target pests as well as a long lasting residual that lasts for about 90 days indoors and 30 days outdoors. Some of the most common crops permethrin is used on include fruits, nuts, cotton, vegetables, mushrooms and potatoes. With a major infestation, don't be surprised if you have to make several applications over a 2 week period and thats due to the flea life cycle, but this stuff is the best and a local exterminator agreed. Provides some residual. Customized Pest Control Program - New Lower Price Starting at $7.98/month* + Free Shipping », DoMyOwn's COVID-19 Update: Shipping & Delivery Info | Check your order status or visit our DIY Center for expert advice. Permethrin SFR may also be used as a broadcast or spot ⦠475 Q&A. Mix 2 ounces per gallon when spraying animals. DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a ⦠NY residents, see our New York Pest Control page. Flying insects; 1 oz per gallon is usually good. Need help deciding what bugspray you need? Permethrin SFR is a residual insecticide for use in and on buildings, structures, transports and their immediate surroundings including but not limited to: industrial buildings, houses, apartment buildings, laboratories, buses, and the non -food/feed areas of stores, warehouses, vessels, railcars, trucks, trailers, aircraft (cargo areas only), schools, nursing homes, hospitals (non -occupied patient areas⦠Doing it myself saved me much money, thank you for making it available to the private consumer. Use it in animal quarters, garages, barns, sheds and in the yard where flies are present. Consumer Reports has the tips for safe and effective use. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: Odorless concentrate labeled for use in and around homes. They loved the Crepe Myrtles, Virginia creeper, Pussy Willow, blooms on the Oak Hydrangea, and I even had them on the Echinacea petals and inside the Day lily blossoms. Permethrin is a synthetic chemical that is used as an insect repellent and insecticide. Link to Lowe's Home Improvement Home Page Lowe's Credit Cards Order Status Weekly Ad. Brown recluse spiders and black widow spiders share the same biology as every other species of spiders and are not any harder to kill than other spiders. 1/2 gallon water + 1 ounces 36.8% permethrin ⦠for each gallon of water to get a 0.5% ratio. Permethrin SFR Specimen Label Page 5 of 32 Physical/Chemical Hazards Do not use or store near heat or open flame. Permethrin is essentially an insecticide. Ive had 3 total and the 1st one lasted the longest - 8 yrs. Farmers cannot use permethrin near water bodies and most permethrin use is restricted to professionals. WHERE TO USE IT: It is labeled for use throughout the home. For large order quotes, please call us at 866-581-7378. Termiticide/Insecticide. I ordered the Permethrin after a little online research. cargo-truck Permethrin SFR is an insecticide concentrate that is applied to lawns, soil, buildings and plants providing quick knockdown of target pests as well as long lasting residual that works for about ⦠Permethrin ⦠But not everyone applies it correctly. 36.8%: Regulated: No: Brand Name: Permethrin SFR: Prices may vary from branch to branch and online. TARGET PESTS: Although many pests are ⦠Provides some residual. Please note that Permethrin is not a contact kill product. Please refer to label for specific use instructions. Permethrin SFR Is a broad-use professional strength termiticide/insecticide. Branch is not responsible for the errors or omissions in pricing and quantity. Please tell me the dangers for small children, animals and an organic garden. In Stock. Not for Sale to: AK CT & NY (Commercial Applicators Only) Call. FREE Shipping. I have no signs of fire ants all along my fence line or any more of those crazy Rasberry Ants either.....all after one application. You should use ¼ fl. To make 1 half gallon (or 2 liters) of 0.5% solution. oz. It worked very well. $18.21 $ 18. 98 of 99 people found this review helpful. Permethrin is used in a number of ways to control insects. It is most often used to kill parasites and their eggs. ), How to Use Liquid Insecticide Measuring Bottles. Found do my own pest control, purchased permethrin and an igr and immediately got control of the situation. Easily mixed with water. American Brand Permethrin Granules with 0.25% Permethrin is a granulated insecticide for insect control in lawns, and around homes, commercial buildings and industrial buildings. Using Permethrin SFR how many oz per quart water for mix of .5%? Permethrin SFR Insecticide 36.8 % belongs to a group of chemicals called pyrethroids. Testimonials ». It will work on contact and provide residual control, lasting up to four weeks. * Free Shipping is available to the continental United States only. Martin's Permethrin 10% Indoor / Outdoor Use (8 oz Bottle) 28 Day Rresidual Very Good Product. Can I use Permethrin SFR on my dog? Please read the, © 2004-2021 P&M Solutions, LLC DBA DoMyOwn, Pre Emergent Herbicides (Weed Preventers), Talstar P Professional Insecticide Gallon, See More It is safe for use in and around animal housing, including poultry houses, and on listed animals Inside residential homes and the nonfood/feed areas of commercial establishments including garbage rooms, lavatories, floor drains (to sewers), entries and ve⦠Manuel Breva Colmeiro/Getty Images If there's one thing we're grateful for on Shots , it's our passionate, engaged ⦠Excludes Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and all other U.S. territories. Your comment will be deleted! You did not mention a specific product, but we assume you are speaking of. Ordering was easy and they shipped very quickly. Sign into your account to receive your members only Savings. oz of product to 1¼ gallons water then thoroughly wet the animal to the skin with sponge or rag. Thank you, 373 of 403 people found this answer helpful, 321 of 364 people found this answer helpful. What is the ratio of water to Permethrin? Seemed to be effective, particularly when combined with Preventic collars on the dogs. My yard had literally thousand of beetles this year. Directions must be followed to avoid damage to plants and/or pets. I will definitely do business with them again. Many people use permethrin on clothing as a way to prevent tick and mosquito bites. Permethrin ⦠Testimonials, Ants, Aphids, Japanese Beetles, Bagworms, Caterpillars, Fleas, Flies, Mosquitoes (livestock premises only), Scorpions, Wasps, Ticks, Ground Beetles, Termites and Sod Webworms, Commercial & Residential: Indoors & Outdoors: Ornamentals grown in Interiorscapes, Perimeter insect control on Lawns, Ornamental Trees and Shrubs around Institutional, Public, Industrial Buildings, Parks, Recreational areas and Athletic Fields, treatment of preconstruction lumber and logs, and on Buildings and Structures, * See label for complete application instructions, 1 QT yields 20-40 gallons of finished solution (depending on the insect treatment), Protect your home from the most common perimeter pests, Customized program based on your location and home size, Take the guesswork out of preventing weeds and disease in your lawn, Customized to your location, grass type, and lawn size. PERMETHRIN SFR. WordPress Hashcash needs javascript to work, but your browser has javascript disabled. Permethrin SFR may also be used as a broadcast or spot application in crawl spaces and indoors to carpeting, wood, tile, concrete or other structural building materials as a crack and crevice injection, or paint-on treatment. Products containing permethrin may be used in public health mosquito control programs. If so, how much product should I use per gallon of water? In my 50 years of gardening I never encountered any until last year. + Free Shipping* Permethrin SFR is not labeled to be used in home lawns for mosquito control nor can it be used to treat clothing or on humans at all. As an termiticide it may be used to control of subterranean termites. Easily mixed with water. Permethrin SFR can be applied to interior plantscapes, and landscape ornamental gardens including parks, lawns and grounds. Permethrin is a synthetic version of the organic insecticide, pyrethrum which is derived from the chrysanthemum. Permethrin SFR may also be used as a broadcast or spot application in ⦠It is primarily used to fight pests in a number of crops. There are just a few stragglers now and in the last few days. Lowe's Home Improvement lists My Lists. E-MAIL US OR GO TO:. Can you use Permethrin SFR indoors for fleas? Is it safe for gardens, children, and pets? Tengard SFR is an economical permethrin insecticide that is one of the best products for flea and tick control. Free Shipping*, 397 Reviews In humans, a mild topical derivative of the pesticide is used to treat scabies and lice. This is the 2nd Bonfire Patio Peach tree that this has happened to. Maybe I got a bad batch, but I am going back to Talstar, 121 of 140 people found this review helpful. Permethrin SFR is labeled for ants, aphids, japenese beetles, bagworms, caterpillars, fleas, flies, mosquitoes, scorpions, wasps, ticks, ground beetles, termites and sod webworms. You will need to use 1 2/3 fl. "Don't come near me until the permethrin on your clothes has dried." Fields marked by an asterisk (*) are required. RELATED EQUIPMENT:      PUMP SPRAYER, PRODUCT DOCUMENTS:    SPECIMEN LABEL    MSDS SHEET, $40.00  (455651) 32 oz Order online and save 5%, RELATED PRODUCTS:   PERMETHRIN 10   VEGETABLES PLUS 10%   PERMETHRIN AEROSOL   PERMETHRIN RTS FOR CLOTHING   PERMETHRIN SOAK FOR CLOTHING   PERMETHRIN NON-AEROSOL RTS. BACK TO PREVIOUS PAGE QUESTIONS? Yes, you can use Permethrin SFR on your dog. They are known for their safety and effectiveness. Personal Protective Equipment for Permethrin SFR⦠In this video, we will review Permethrin SFR. Permethrin SFR can be applied to interior plantscapes, and landscape ornamental gardens including parks, lawns and grounds. You can also use it outside and directly on dogs(do NOT use on cats). Permethrin SFR - Qt - 1.25 Gallon can be used to control insectâs and pests on agricultural structures and livestock. P⦠This item is currently out of stock. ecotoxicity Permethrin in soil is stable over a wide range of pH values when applied at agricultural use rates. Use it in a pump sprayer, a garden hose sprayer or a fogging machine. Permethrin Products. Bought for a tick infestation in Miami, Florida. Let drip dry. Yes, you can use Permethrin SFR indoors for fleas. Permethrin SFR, just 10 cc per gallon of water had them eliminated within 2 days. 5% OFF orders up to $149.99, 7.5% off orders from $150.00 TO $299.99 and orders over $300 get 10% off! | Exercise care when making applications near ponds, lakes, streams, reservoirs and other aquatic environments where fish are present. Menards® has everything you need to keep your home, yard, and garden free of insects and pests during the warm seasons. Permethrin is an insecticide in the pyrethroid family. Find a Store Near Me. Permethrin SFR is a broad-use professional strength termiticide/insecticide; Labeled for both pre and post-construction termite applications It is available in powder, dust, spray, emulsifier and smoke forms. 4.6 out of 5 stars 128. Shop Savings Services Ideas. Pyrethroids are synthetic chemicals that act like natural extracts from the chrysanthemum flower. INSECTICIDES - Aerosols, Dust, Granules, Growth Regulators, Liquids, Pet Spray, ANIMAL REPELLER WITH WIRELESS REMOTE AND LED LIGHT, TOP GUN BAIT BLOCKS 128 X .5 OZ (4 lbs) PAIL, ESSENTRIA ALL PURPOSE CONCENTRATE FOR AUTOMATIC MISTING MACHINES. We would like to show you a description here but the site wonât allow us. For low-pressure spray application against horn flies, face flies, stable flies, ear ticks ⦠I just got a 3 yr old pit bull and he has lots of ticks. 263 of 275 people found this answer helpful, 215 of 235 people found this answer helpful, 206 of 217 people found this answer helpful, Permethrin SFR 36.8% 62 of 66 people found this review helpful, will permethrin sfr get rid of black widows and brown widows or is there a better product for these spiders? For termite control, you can get 125-250 linear feet of soil treatment per 1.25 gallon jug. Availability: Normally ships in 1 business day. Marine Pollutant. Treatment of preconstruction lumber and logs, and for use on buildings and structures may only be done by PCOs. Will Permethrin SFR kill black widow and brown recluse spiders? RATE OF APPLICATION: Use it at the rate of 1-4 ounces to a gallon of water depending on target pests. Normally ships in 1 business day. (For use on plants intended only for aesthetic purposes or climatic modification and being grown in interior plantscapes, ornamental gardens or parks, or lawns and grounds. Rating: 4.8 (397 Reviews / 475 Q&A), From CLICK HERE get your own bottle of Permethrin SFR today! Excellent For The Dollar Price Insect, control de plagas de autoayuda en línea. You can find these instructions on page 16 of the Permethrin SFR. Recipes for 1/2% permethrin spray. TARGET PESTS: Although many pests are on the label, it will work well for flies on pets, livestock, horses and the surfaces where these pests are present. It can take 24-48 hours to kill in an insect after they have received a lethal dose of the product. MyLowes Sign ⦠Permethrin SFR is an insecticide concentrate that is applied to lawns, soil, buildings and plants providing quick knockdown of target pests as well as long lasting residual that works for about 30 days outdoors and 90 days indoors. Order online and save 5%, $119.00  (455649) 160 oz (1.25 gallon jug) (2+ $99.00 ea) Permethrin has moderate rate of degradation in soil, At termicidal use rates, permethrin ⦠One gallon will treat up to 1000 sq/ft of surface area. They may be used on food and feed crops, on ornamental lawns, on livestock and pets, in structures and buildings, and on clothing. Permethrin SFR is safe for use in and around animal housing, including poultry houses, and on poultry, swine, lactating & non-lactating dairy cattle, goats, sheep, horses and dogs. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. $30.04 163 of 165 people found this review helpful,. If you only need to mix one quart of solution at a time you will need to use just under 1/2 (0.43) oz of. Buying Options, "Outstanding service with fast shipping and in supply products, wellpriced and backed up by an excellent company. (Permethrin). Using 36.8% permethrin concentrate (Note: it may say "Permethrin SFR" on the bottle). Rid your home of mice with mouse bait and traps, and keep other pests at ⦠Had a major flea infestation, probably wasted 2 weeks trying to get control of the problem with store products, don't waste your time with local store killers. If you would like us to email you when it is back in stock, send along your email address... Get I had no unwanted results this way. For crawling pests, 2-4 oz per gallon. ... permethrin sfr permethrin ⦠It has a low ⦠80 of 80 people found this review helpful. Permethrin SFR can be used on lawns, landscapes, ornamentals, around homes, sheds and barns on a variety of insects. Increased the dosage and tested again with double , but it did not kill all 10 ticks until I mixed 5/8 fl.oz to each pint. Product is highly concentrated, so it's very economical for use with a hose sprayer for treating lawn. With a low mix rate you can use Tengard inside and out as a broadcast spray. 21. As for domyownpestcontrol.com, they shipped the product as advertised in a very timely manner. It is labeled for both pre and post-construction termite applications.
+By Eric Whitehead
+22 Jun, 2016, 12:24
+Whoever said getting there is half the fun has never crossed the Drake Passage.
+At noon we arrived in Ushuaia but alas, as Karen had feared, our luggage did not. Ushuaia is a resort town on Argentina’s Tierra del Fuego archipelago, the southernmost tip of South America, referred to as “the end of the world.” The windswept town, perched on a steep hill, is surrounded by the Martial Mountains and the Beagle Channel. It is most renowned as being the gateway to the Antarctica.
+No one seemed to speak English, not even in hotels and restaurants, and although at first we thought that might be adventurous, we soon found it was very disconcerting. We do not speak Spanish but I thought for sure when we asked for a restaurant that someone would catch on, after all their word for it is “restaurante”. However, the look on the lady’s face when I asked had “what the hell are you talking about?” written all over it.
+Arrival to board our ship was in a partially cloudy drizzle of rain. The ship, the Ushuaia Moroni, is a 2923 ton (can you please explain to me how that floats) research expedition vessel built in 1970. It has been refurbished as an 88 passenger cruise ship with 46 cabins but as per its original role did not include stabilizers. It is an ice-strengthened polar vessel with lots of open deck space and an open bridge policy.
+The anticipation was palpable as we walked up the gangway. The greeting staff was extremely courteous and in somewhat hushed tones handed us a bag of shirts and socks. News of our luggage predicament had preceded us.
+During the mandatory Life Boat Drill, Agustin, the expedition leader, advised that anyone taking medication make sure it was in an easily accessible drawer in their cabin and was used as prescribed. “I don’t want to save you from a sinking ship and have you die of a heart attack because you didn’t take a pill.”
+At a length of 240 kilometres (150 miles), the Beagle Channel is a strait in the Terra del Fuego archipelago on the southernmost tip of South America. It runs (roughly equal distance) partly in Chile and partly in Argentina. Ushuaia is a little east of the Chile/Argentina border on the Argentina side. Suddenly all this geography became important to us as we learned that the Beagle Channel emptied into the Drake Passage and we would be experiencing all it had to offer starting around midnight.
+When we returned to our cabin after dinner around 9PM a large black suitcase greeted us in the hall outside our door. “How the hell did that get there?” It wasn’t on the dock when we boarded – the harbour master had piloted a small boat and chased us down before we entered the Beagle Channel and transferred the bag to our ship without stopping either vessel.
+We had been advised to secure all our belongings; cameras, glasses, computers, etc. because they would not remain in place once we entered the Drake. In total it would take about 36 hours to cross the dreaded passage. We had taken our seasickness medication, had our bracelets on, knew where and how to reach the doctor, I guess we were as ready as we could be. It promised to be a wicked night.
+The Drake Passage, named after the 16th century English sea captain Sir Francis Drake, is the body of water lying between South America’s Cape Horn and the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. It connects the southwestern part of the Atlantic Ocean with the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean and extends into the Southern Ocean to the south.
+The ship’s windows would often resemble a washing machine with a constant froth of waves. In a seeming conspiracy against all adventure travelers, the waves, winds and currents result in severe climatic transition as you cross between the sub-polar region of South America and the frigid, polar regions of Antarctica. This has given the passage its reputation as one of the most inhospitable seaways in the world.
+Well, it was all true, everything I ever read about crossing the Drake and a whole lot more – and apparently our crossing was not that bad! Four metre waves built to eight metres overnight as the ship was tossed like a cork in a raging river. It started around midnight as we entered the open waters with me lying in my bunk listening to the then relaxing creaking of metal, wood and plastic. The ship rocked side to side, gently at first. That intensified as the night progressed until it reached a point where the rocking was significant and culminated with me waiting for the Poseidon Adventure to begin for real.
+My major problem with the Drake began in the morning when I tried to get up for breakfast at 8AM. I had totally lost my balance and there was absolutely no way I could stand and walk. Standing was exceedingly painful fighting not only the wave action but also a bone crushing cramp in my calf as well. If I could stand for a second or two I was immediately slammed across the room into whatever was there, a wall, a door, a bed. It took several attempts before I conceded, “Screw it! I’m not going to breakfast!”
+After an hour, breakfast missed (Karen managed to get there somehow), I managed to remain standing long enough to get dressed. How I didn’t break something is beyond me. Agustin, the expedition leader said yesterday “when you leave here, you will either have improved, great balance or you will have none.” I had chosen none.
+I did get down to the lounge and decided I’d pretty much spend the day there. It was quite obvious the experienced crew were not in any way offset by the motion of the vessel, no matter how severe. I watched in total amazement as the First Mate Alan stood with his hands in his pockets leaning at a 45 degree angle, first forward then back as the boat rolled with the waves. All around him people were lurching from one side of the passageway to the other, grabbing whatever they could and looking very much like the attendants of a wild frat house party.
+As I sat in the lounge I stared out the large (roughly eight feet by four feet) windows. One second I saw nothing but sky. Immediately it panned rapidly down below the horizon until the view in all the windows was nothing but water. Fast pan up, the horizon disappeared. Repeat ad nauseum – quite literally if you weren’t careful how you watched the ever-changing scene.
+A trip to the bridge yielded the best view. It also gave us a bit of an education as we saw just how much computer technology and instrumentation is available on today’s ships. The crew can see and forecast weather and water conditions, temperature and wind speed. The windows, unlike in the lounge, were clean and dry. We were substantially higher from the water surface so everything was compressed and it really didn’t look that bad. The horizon gave it away though. I did not tilt the camera in this photo.
+No tilt on the camera here
+The ship was still rocking severely when we got up the next morning and moving around continued to be a massive problem for me but things got exciting in a hurry as we passed our first iceberg, a behemoth floating alone off the starboard side of the ship.
+By midday we had cruised out of the Drake Passage into the sheltered waters of the South Shetland Islands. We were finally able to stroll on the deck without fear of being swept overboard. In preparation for our first landing we were advised to be cautious with the wildlife by remaining, for example, five metres away from the penguins. We were soon to find out that was all well and good but the penguins had not been given those instructions. Our first view of the Antarctica was exciting but things would only get better.
+After an astounding 10 days in the Antarctica the return trip across the Drake brought us back to reality. At night many had trouble sleeping but, as our captain would say: the Drake Passage was “reasonable”, not too rough and also not too uncomfortable. Funny how nautical people had an entirely different opinion of pending disaster than I did. The trip back across the Passage was far worse than coming in. There was still a violent side to side motion but in addition the ship moved up and down over the waves and at times felt like the motion was in a large circle. I swear there was even a corkscrew in there for good measure. All this was accompanied by crushing, scraping and breaking sounds as the ship forced its way through ice. All fun and games when you’re young but my body was not meant to endure this type of motion. There was hardly anybody at breakfast – a true sign of a rough overnight crossing.
+In the meantime we were zipping along northbound, pitching into a North West swell. Far be it from me to disagree with the Captain but even a few of the crew members were sick on this crossing. My narrative included a deflated, dejected, depressed comment, “Probably another 20 hours of this shit.”
+I have resigned myself to the fact that I’ll never be a sailor – I’ll never get my sea legs. Everyone else was leaning 45 degrees into the waves like you’re supposed to. I was leaning away from them and stumbling the length of the ship trying to grab something permanently attached.
+The waters finally calmed down during the afternoon as we entered the sheltered area behind Cape Horn, heading to the Beagle Channel where we would cruise the sunny day away watching both Argentina and Chile as we drifted past.
+After dinner we joined our fellow voyagers in the bar for a last drink on the ship where it felt more like saying goodbye to the bar and the ambience we created around it than saying goodbye to each other. As we exchanged stories about the days past, we realized that though we had all taken the same trip, our individual experiences varied quite a bit and it looked as if each of us had taken somewhat different journeys – and that is one of the many wonders of travel.
+More by this author – and a chance to buy his very excellent travel book, on his own website.
+Erin McNaught
+Публикаций
+2 425
+Подписчиков
+198,6 тыс
+Подписки
+1 119
+Сайт:
+Род занятий:
+Австралийская телеведущая и модель
+06.10.2021 13:07:02
+1 299
+39
+3 rounds of this 1min circuit at the end of my strength sesh today. Gross. The rest of the day was a total write off obvs Thanks again for making me question my life choices @fergbaker 🤣🤣🤣
+01.10.2021 07:30:35
+6 660
+Workin’ hard or hardly workin’?
+28.09.2021 00:31:14
+2 390
+Coming up to 6 weeks solo parenting. Week 2 of school holidays. 🤪🤪🤪
+27.09.2021 13:17:40
+7 616
+Lighter, brighter, and Straightie180 thanks to @coandpacesalons ♀️🥰
+26.09.2021 11:50:24
+3 227
+Riverfire 2021 was proper
+26.09.2021 08:06:54
+2 905
+With the gorgeous @ellie_gonsalves for @calibeachclub opening 🥳🥳
+21.09.2021 07:16:14
+2 599
+64
+Ninja-ing with all the kids today. God I am COOKED 🥵🤣🤣
+17.09.2021 00:54:30
+514
+Get your cat out…
+15.09.2021 15:23:00
+6 737
+73
+Well this is a bit cool, isn’t it! What’s the bet he makes me refer to him as Dr Gleave now Well done Eli
+14.09.2021 10:39:51
+374
+8 ‘BLACK DIAMOND’ bottle, by @tomo.bottle Eye-catching yet subtle; delicate yet made with medical grade stainless steel… These bottles won’t last long on the website but will last you a lifetime, AND with each TOMO️ bottle sold, will provide one person with clean drinking water for THEIR ENTIRE LIFETIME Shop sustainably Head to @tomo.bottle Use my code MCNAUGHTY to get USD20 / AUD25 off this, or any of their other beautiful designs 🖤 #TOMO_Partner @drop4drop
+13.09.2021 03:00:27
+811
+“Last set I promise.” Such a cliche @tfitpt
+12.09.2021 10:59:13
+1 524
+🖤
+04.09.2021 01:22:51
+973
+Had a little do to celebrate hubby @example’s new single with @whatsonot and @itmelucylucy coming out today!!! (Well, yesterday now ) The song is epic and so was the party 🤩🥳🥳 Beyond proud!!! Huge congrats and thanks to @jamesangusmusic and @cassettekidd too ️ ‘Every Single Time’ feat. @whatsonot and @itmelucylucy out now!
+30.08.2021 02:03:23
+1 718
+I’ve got a new partner and couldn’t be more chuffed! This beautiful, handcrafted, water canteen is by TOMO and it isn’t like any other reusable bottle. Why? Aside from you having the prettiest, coolest (literally!) water bottle in the yard, more importantly - the purchase of this bottle will provide clean drinking water to one person, FOR THE REST OF THEIR LIVES. I’ll give you a minute to process that… @tomo.bottle is partnered with the charity @drop4drop - a charity very close to my heart. A few years ago, hubby travelled to some of the poorest villages in India, where we donated several clean water wells. TOMO’s mission is to provide clean drinking water to 1 million people Whether it’s you, your mum, your sister, or your next door neighbour’s uncle, anyone can make a difference to those who need it most. Help us get there! Head over to @tomo.bottle and use code MCNAUGHTY20 to get AUD$25 / USD$20 off any purchase 🥳
+25.08.2021 10:45:42
+2 411 know how, but these Super rep 2s and this @p.e.nation tracksuit are the most perfect combo ever and I can’t quite get over it 🤣🤣
+24.08.2021 09:02:09
+2 209
+It was pink Ozweegos or bust.
+24.08.2021 04:02:37
+425
+1 year ago on this very day we filmed this brutal episode. Episode 10. CHARACTER. It was pure hell. Yet even in the midst of the pain I was struck by the uniqueness of my situation - the utter beauty of my surroundings, how lucky I was to have the opportunity to do things people would pay ANYTHING to do… This feeling of being ‘lucky’ to be there; of being in a hugely privileged position, is something that I’d felt when I signed up to do the course. With each day that passed, each day that I was still there, standing… This feeling was amplified. It was what drove me. I never wanted it to end?!! (Call me crazy but I really didn’t!!) It was and still is the most emotional, intense, terrifying, rewarding, euphoric, humbling and revered personally journeys I will ever encounter and I am forever grateful to have been a part of it. Cannot WAIT for season 2!! @sasaustralia @channel7 @antmiddleton @jason_carl_fox @ollie.ollerton @billingham22b
+10.08.2021 12:23:29
+10,43 тыс
+79
+After 18 months of being a full-time, stay-at-home dad/husband/gardener/chef/entertainer/gym buddy/best friend (and basically having taken over half of Brisbane ), hubby @example is leaving us to go show the good people of the UK some festival love!!! 🥰 FOR SEVEN WEEKS!!! Arrrggghhhh 🤪🤪 YOU GUYS HAD BETTER LOOK AFTER HIM, OK??We’ve been so spoilt - it’s going to be such a shock to the system. BUT I can look forward to on-stage FaceTimes and crazy tour stories… 🤪 You go do you baby I’ll hold the fort here, don’t you worry.️️
+07.08.2021 05:54:29
+669
+Many of us here in Australia are currently battling through another lockdown; this time, in the middle of winter Maintaining a healthy immune system during this time is more important than ever, but it can be difficult to access fresh, healthy foods, enough sunlight, and space to exercise. Redoxon contains Vitamin D, Zinc, and Vitamin C which all work together to help boost your immune system, providing an added line of defence to help keep you healthy @redoxonau #Sponsored [I believe in this product but it might not be right for you. Always read the label and follow directions for use. Vitamin supplements aren’t a substitute for eating a balanced diet! And remember, if you’re lucky enough to NOT be in lockdown, please stay home if you feel unwell ]
+03.08.2021 10:12:03
+970
+Another lockdown workout, coz why not. We don’t have much else to do! 1 min banded crab walks 1 min plank shoulder tap with opposite leg raise (I have 2kg ankle weights on and it is TOUGH, trust me!) 1 min sumo squat to shoulder press (I’m using 4kg dumbbells) 1 min X-Squat with opposite knee to elbow (30 sec each side) 1 min crossed leg raise with toe tap (30 sec each side) 1 min floor lat pull down (prone cobras) 30 sec rest between exercises, 1 min rest between sets. I do 3 sets. I sped up all exercises except the plank shoulder taps to show how slowly it should be done. Control is key with all movements but this one especially! Try not to roll your hips between the leg raises. Enjoy! Will try film more vids in the coming weeks. Let me know any specific workouts you guys want to see!
+30.07.2021 10:37:24
+5 534
+Those green eyes still get me after all this time… ️@example
+25.07.2021 09:58:24
+12,38 think anyone should be forced to do anything. Your body is your body and you should have the choice to do with it what you will. But the thing is, it’s probably not about you. It’s not about me, either. It’s about the elderly couple across the road. Your neighbours! It’s about your grandma, who has a heart condition. It’s about the little girl at your child’s school who has leukaemia, who just wants to live a relatively normal life. Yes, there are very small risks that are associated with ANY vaccine, but it’s a risk I’m willing to take for the sake of humankind. Please, if you don’t want the vaccine because you “don’t need it” because you’re lucky enough to be able to “trust your immune system to do its job”, just think of all the people in the world who don’t have that luxury. That’s all
+16.07.2021 12:34:19
+3 647
+Date day was a great day @example 🥰 (Also, shout-out to @sassandbide for this LBD which I’ve now had for about 15 years!!! If you go way back to August 2017 that was the last time I was pictured wearing it; (back-to-front) at @southwestfour, 37 weeks pregnant with Ennio! Talk about longevity (and stretch!!) lol )
+12.07.2021 10:15:07
+2 840
+See ya school holidays! Thanks for the good times Highlights include: watching humpback whales breaching, Van face planting a massive sand dune, Van trying ice skating for the first time, Enni face planting a massive sand dune… The biggest highlight was no broken bones and no hospital visits
+06.07.2021 13:39:02
+2 790
+32
+Anyone else spot Loki looking like he’s part of my coat??
+05.07.2021 07:22:19
+530 love winter. ️️ Like, A LOT. Winter is the bee’s knees. Why? Because I stupidly decided to live in a subtropical climate where I’m sweaty from merely EXISTING for roughly 9 months of the year. 🥵 So when it gets chilly, I revel in the coziness! One thing I don’t revel in (like all of us) is the fight against the common cold and flus. 🤧 So this winter, I’m being extra vigilant with my immune system health and am taking @RedoxonAU - it combines Vit C, Zinc and Vit D to help boost your body’s natural immune response, helping you fight off all those pesky bugs that lurk around every corner. 🥊🥊 (Well, lurking mostly in toddler’s snot. But you get the idea ) [Sidenote: I believe in this product, but it may not be right for you. Always read the label before purchase. Follow the directions for use. Vitamin and mineral supplements are not a substitute for a balanced diet. And remember, please stay home if you feel unwell ] #RedoxonAu #sponsored
+01.07.2021 16:20:22
+835
+19 transition from morning workouts to evening sessions has been HEAVY. Why do I feel so shitty training at night (when I’m consciously fuelling properly in the day??)
+28.06.2021 10:25:55
+2 598
+44
+Me. Day 3 of school holidays.
+22.06.2021 12:08:14
+1 450
+24
+Speed ball practice! Very new to this but it is so addictive!! 🥊🥊
+20.06.2021 14:09:35
+6 069
+57
+Happy happy bday to this guy!!! 🥳️🥳 39 years old today! Enjoy some moments from the past 10 years- what a ride so far 🤩 Who knows what the next 10 will bring… 🤪🥳🥰 Love you baby! @example
+14.06.2021 12:51:54
+838
+Still love me a red lip (This one is @diormakeup Rouge Dior #999 matte and it stays on for EVER ️)
+08.06.2021 10:15:41
+2 710
+105
+Wigged up (and padded to the max ) wearing a PVC gimp suit from the local sex shop for @fhm_australia back in 2008! Those were the days For those who don’t know me well, I thought I’d share some fun facts with you... When I was a teenager, my family and I moved to Seattle for a few years. I remember buying Nirvana’s ‘MTV Live and Unplugged’ CD at the airport coz you know, when in Rome and all that... Upon arriving in the birthplace of grunge, I got heavily into punk, ska and metal (as it was 1996 - the post grunge era). There was a sick All Ages venue called RKCNDY (since closed down ) where I saw bands like NOFX, Pantera, Bad Religion, Deftones, GWAR, Guttermouth, Ensign... God so many I’ll have to look them up! Anyway, I’ve always been mad into music (my earliest memory is dancing to a Pink Floyd vinyl aged 3). The live music scene in Seattle really kicked that love into gear and I took up bass Taught myself by ear as I can’t read bass sheet music! Ended up in a little punk band back in brissy when I was 19, called Short Straw. Our biggest moment was supporting @mindsnare at the Railway Hotel in the Gabba. My love for music culminated in me being a presenter for @mtvaustralia, where I ended up interviewing a British rapper/musician called @example - now my husband. Cue - *Awwwwww* 🥰 Funny how life works! [Going back to Seattle, two of my ALL TIME FAVOURITE songs (BIG CALL I KNOW) are still ‘Nutshell’ by Alice In Chains, and ‘Nothingman’ by Pearl Jam. Anyone out there who wants to throw some faves out there (not just grunge; any genre!) - tell me below!]
+Популярные аккаунты
+\n<p> When I first heard about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) breaking out in China, I thought it was an isolated case that would soon blow over. The virus started in Wuhan. Surely, it would not reach the Netherlands (my current residence country), or Philippines any time soon.<\/p><p> Wrong. In February, the first case in the Netherlands was reported. By then, the virus has already reached some countries in Europe and it was making more noise and impact than the world has anticipated. Still, I felt very detached to what’s happening.<\/p><p> The Netherlands had a very practical approach towards COVID-19 during the early months. People did not really take it seriously, neither did I. Our lives went on as usual and some of my friends would tease me when I would overreact about news.<\/p><p> By March, things became even more serious as cases in Europe exponentially increased week by week. Europe became the new epicenter of the outbreak in March, and the <a href="https:\/\/\/news\/pinoyabroad\/news\/729908\/filipinos-in-netherlands-grapple-with-impact-of-covid-19-as-dutch-government-close-down-schools-restaura\/story\/">Netherlands was in the top 10 countries with most number of cases<\/a>. As of writing, we have reached a 45,000-mark of confirmed COVID-19 cases, with over 5,000 deaths.<\/p><p> And as COVID-19 cases climbed in Europe, so did my anxiety peak. My fiancé and I decided to cancel our May wedding. My partner also lost his job, while I worked from home as stricter quarantine measures were put in place in the Netherlands.<\/p><p> A 1.5-meter society was gradually born out of the need for social distancing. I remember going to <a href="https:\/\/\/news\/pinoyabroad\/news\/729908\/filipinos-in-netherlands-grapple-with-impact-of-covid-19-as-dutch-government-close-down-schools-restaura\/story\/">our local grocery to find shelves of bread emptied<\/a> and the toilet paper and sanitizer nowhere to be found. My anxiety reached its tipping point when I started to have episodes of meltdown and insane cravings of sugar and tobacco.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p> Day 1 was a breeze. I enjoyed the idea of being able to meditate and practice yoga from the comfort of your home. I was also filled with a lot of determination and energy, so having a positive attitude was not an issue.<\/p><p> Soon, I realized that determination alone would not cut it. One should have a purpose if one wishes to complete the 30-day yoga journey.<\/p><p> Yoga does not only challenge the will of the mind, it also challenges your physical state.<\/p><br \/><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Courtesy: Carlos Lorenzo" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-tree_2020_05_31_15_58_48.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Courtesy: Carlos Lorenzo<\/div><\/div><br \/><p> It seems like a long time ago when I sat on my mat for the first time. Now I am on Day 60, and I would like to celebrate my journey by writing and sharing some of my learnings during this two-month practice.<\/p><p> If you were a doubter like I am, do not fret. Yoga is like a concerned friend, almost like a sister. It asks questions, but not in a condescending way. It makes you rethink and reassess, but not in a judgmental manner.<\/p><p> <strong>1. Your body is a temple<\/strong><\/p><p> In the first few days, I found it extremely challenging to find balance and coordination. Prior to yoga, I was not an active person. I am not physically coordinated and I hated exercise.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p> I am proud to say that yoga has inspired me greatly to regularly exercise. It was my gateway drug to doing more exercises such as jumping (rope) and running. Your body is a temple, treat her like one.<\/p><p> <strong>2. Listen to your body<\/strong><\/p><p>.<\/p><p> In the end, I realized that it’s not. Listen to your body and don't punish yourself for not being motivated enough. Accept that you have your limitations and that you are not a perfect student. Only then can you get the maximum result from the practice.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p> Rest if you must, recover, replenish, but do not quit. Know that you have a choice, and that you can be in full control of your mind and body.<\/p><p> <strong>3. Practice not to become perfect, but to become better<\/strong><\/p><p>).<\/p><p> Society has conditioned our minds to become the perfect version of ourselves, to the point that any detour or mistake would force us to become hard on ourselves.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p>!<\/p><p> <\/p><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Downward facing dog" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-dog_2020_05_31_16_21_28.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Downward facing dog (Adho Mukha Shvanasana)<\/div><\/div><br \/><p>.<\/p><p> Below you will see some then and now photos of how I have changed in the past 60 days.<\/p><p> <\/p><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Crow pose " src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-CrowposeBakasana_2020_05_31_16_00_33.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Crow pose (Bakasana)<\/div><\/div><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Tree pose (Vrikshasana)" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-Tree-poseVrikshasana_2020_05_31_15_59_20.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Tree pose (Vrikshasana)<\/div><\/div><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Forward fold (Uttanasana)" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-Forward-foldUttanasana_2020_05_31_16_00_01.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Seated forward bend (Paschimottana)<\/div><\/div><br \/><p> <\/p><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:black;"> <img alt="Forward fold (uttanasana)" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_yoga-forward_2020_05_31_16_48_53.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/> <div class="gno-embed-img-cap" style="width:100%;color:white;"> Forward fold (Uttanasana)<\/div><\/div><p>.<\/p><p> <strong>4. Be mindful of your thoughts and actions<\/strong><\/p><p> Mindfulness is another great lesson I’ve learned from the practice. Minding small, minute details has become a huge part of my life today, and I try my best to transcend this awareness outside the yoga mat.<\/p><p>.<\/p><p> Because of yoga, I became more mindful to the things I give my energy to. Is this worth my time? Is this worth my energy? Is it the kind thing to do?<\/p>.<\/p><p> <strong>5. Being still is the hardest part<\/strong><\/p><p>.<\/p><p> It is going back to the basics of simplicity, when you could listen to yourself, to your breath, and your spirit without distractions. It is restoration above all.<\/p>.<\/p><p> <\/p><div class="img gno-embed-img " style="width: 640px; position: relative; background-color:white;"> <img alt="" src="http:\/\/images.gmanews.tv\/webpics\/2020\/05\/640_Yoga_2020_05_31_15_57_57.jpg" style="width: 640px; height: 480px;" \/><\/div><br \/>Tomorrow, I am going to embark on another journey, another 30 days of yoga. Sometimes I would find myself going beyond tutorials, doing my own versions of poses, in search of finding what feels good for my body.<p>. <strong>— LA, GMA News<\/strong><\/p>
+Hello crafty friends,
+I can't believe how fast the months go by?! It's time for another Altenew release blog hop woot woot! You should have arrived here from the talented Agnieszka Malyszek 's blog.
+This is such a wonderful release again, it's hard to pick favorites! However, the Layered Floral Elements die set has to be one! I paired it with the Dainty Swiss Dots stamp set on these cards.
+I die cut a bunch of flowers from different colored card stock. I assembled the ones that have two layers. I then stamped a couple of polka dot backgrounds with black ink. I created 3 A2 size top folding card bases. For the first one I cut a strip of black card stock and a slightly smaller strip of polka dot paper, then glued them down on the background. I stamped my sentiment. I just love the font of these sentiments!
+I arranged the flowers along the strip and glued them down, some with liquid glue, some using foam dots for added dimension.
+For my next card I used an A2 size panel of the polka dot background I stamped earlier. I glued this on my card base. I stamped my sentiment and created two clusters of flowers in two opposite corners of my card.
+I still had a small piece of polka dot paper left so I punched a circle from it and added it on top of a larger black circle. I glued these on my card front, then I created a cluster of flowers at the bottom of the circle. Last but not least I splattered black ink all over my card front.
+Next up is the super pretty Brilliant Baubles set. I created 2 cards with similar designs. The first one I stamped directly on the card front, the second one however I stamped on some white card stock, die cut, then layered on the card front. To finish off the first one, I stamped my sentiment, added some twine and Nuvo drops.
+On the second I added sequins instead. My goodness, this sentiment though?! Sooo pretty right? I love the hand written look to it.
+On my next card I've used the itty bitty Poinsettia Pieces stamp set. This is an adorable 2x3" set! I simply stamped a background and splattered some black ink all over it. I cut a circle from white card stock and stamped my sentiment on it. I drew some faux stitch detail around the circle. I trimmed off the right side and using foam dots I glued down the (now) semi-circle. To finish it off I added a grey flower with leaves and Nuvo drops.
+Next I focused on the gorgeous Peace Love Joy set. I randomly stamped the star onto my background, then die cut an extra one and added it in the middle using foam dots to add interest and dimension. I stamped a bunch of little red bows for an accent color.
+Finally, I made two cards with the stunning Peaceful Wreath stamp set. I stamped a blue and a pink polka dot background using the Dainty Swiss Dots stamp set. I went with a simple and a bit more complicated card. I trimmed off a little from the left side of the circle, and arranged my leaves around it.
+The second card. I die cut the circle in the middle and created a sequin window. I stamped the sentiment inside that window too.
+That's it from me today! I hope you liked all the inspiration so far! I'm yet to check the whole blog hop but I'm pretty sure it's full of awesomeness!
+Now for the fun part, Giveaways, yay! Read on to figure out how you can win! Good Luck!
+Prizes:
+1.!
+2. I will also draw a winner to receive a $30 gift certificate! Same deadlines and rules apply as before. Comment away!!!
+*********************************************************************************
+GIVEAWAY NOW CLOSED!
+Thank you all for your lovely comments! I apologize for not answering but I've been having a difficult past couple of weeks. I'll try to do better next time!
+My winner is mindy1414 - please contact me at mzs6666@googlemail.com so I can tell you how to pick up your prize! Congratulations!
+*********************************************************************************
+Your next stop is the ever so talented May Park!
+Take care guys!
+XXX
+I'm attaching the full blog hop list for your convenience:
+Zsoka Marko ---> YOU ARE HERE!
+As always your designs are stunning!
+Wow! I LOVE these! I love Altenew's dies so much, and your very first Layered Floral creation melts my heart! I can't wait to try this out myself! Absolutely beautiful!
+Your cards are lovely, and I was especially happy to see the die cut flowers.
+I LOVE your cards - especially the polka dots! So cute!
+Your cards are beautiful!
+Such beauty! Love all of the cards you made. the swiss dot background is on my wish list for sure.
+You clearly had a lot of fun with this release, and I can't blame you - so many wonderful products! I love your colourful floral cards, and the baubles are so lovely, too - I love the pink version, surprisingly (it's not a colour I would normally go for Christmas designs, but it works!).
+Your cards are gorgeous!! Love seeing all the variations using one set!! Thanks for the inspiration!!
+Oh my gosh, your post makes me want all of it! What great samples and inspiration!
+I was hoping someone would use those dies so I could see how they would look. You made me want to purchase them. This is such a great release from Altenew and you have done an excellent job of inspiring me.
+Oh my, you have been so busy! All your cards are so wonderful and full of nice, soft color. I am in LOVE with the floral group! They are just what I need on the this grey, gloomy, cold day here in the Northwest! Thank you.
+Love how you used the tiny dots background stamp. Also, love all your cards, creative and pretty.
+These cards are just gorgeous - thanks for the ideas:)
+I love the bright, cheerful colors! :)
+Such fun cards! I love your creative use of color
+Beautiful inspiration! Love this release!
+Thanks for sharing such beautiful cards. Stunning!
+What an amazing variety and array of beautiful cards. They are beautifully created.
+You have created a fabulous set of cards!! So beautiful!
+Great designs. My favorite is the first Brilliant Baubles card. I just love the simplicity and the colors of that one. Thanks for sharing!
+I love the grey ornaments and your wreaths. Great ideas.
+Fabulous designs Zsoka! Thanks for the inspiration!
+Thanks for sharing these lovely cards.
+Absolutely stunning!
+Love what you did with these stamps and dies. Great cards.
+Just lovely cards :) I surprisingly really like the monotone ornaments with the pop of red! Simple and lovely :) THanks for the inspiration and the giveaway :)
+Love the colors on your beautiful creation!
+These are AWESOME! I love the pink and red for Christmas and the beautiful colors on the floral cards!
+Love your bright and cheery cards!!!
+Wow, what amazing cards! Fresh, light, happy and festive. Beautiful designs.
+These cards are so fun!! I love the new stamps.
+wow. All of these cards are fabulous. My favorites are the first set of floral cards.
+So many lovely sets it's hard to pick a favourite but the wreath set is up there. Love the cards.
+Gorgeous cards! I love the layered stamps and dies. They're so much fun to create with and the results are always amazing. I especially like the cards you made in pink - the ornaments, poinsettias, and wreath!
+You made so many amazing cards! I have to say, my favorite is the pink ornament
+Absolutely stunning! I tried to pick a favorite, but I love them all.
+Sigh, I LOVE florals. And wreaths!
+DELIGHTFUL cards!
+LOVE your layered baubles and all your Christmas cards!
+ADORE your your FABULOUS florals with their black polka dot accents ... YES, they have just taken the top spot on my growing wishlist :)
+Beautiful cards. So unique and colorful. Love your work.
+Great cards. The shaker card with the wreath is cute and I loved the colors of the floral cards with the black polka dot background.
+Stunning selection of festive cards, so much beautiful details on every card. You are confusing me as to which my favourite first buy will be . Thank you so showing so many ideas.
+Love all the non-traditional colors going on with the Christmas cards.
+And all the bright, happy colors of the floral cards.
+Wow! These are absolutely gorgeous cards! love all these pastel elegant colors and love all the floral cards. Thanks for the inspiration.
+anyone receiving any of your cards would be very lucky!
+Seriously...each card is cuter than the one before! I love all the different ways you have used these products!
+Love the ornament cards! Awesome work! And the flower die cards are great with the Colorful flowers and the dotted paper!
+Liked all the cards, but the wreath card really is outstanding.
+Beautiful cards, specially the one made with the Layered Floral Elements die set. This set will be great to use for scrapbooking as well, can't wait to try it out.
+Wow! I love your bright and cheerful floral cards a lot!! Can I CASE any of them pleeeaase?
+But of course :)
+So VERY beautiful are your Xmas cards, wow! and I love the idea of the non green and red traditional colors! How playful!
+Your cards are gorgeous! Love how the petite dots enhance the designs! Thanks for sharing!
+WOW your cards are just stunning!! Love them all!
+Wonderful cards and so creative! Loving this Altenew release!
+Love your the pink and red ornament combo.
+Wow. All so beautiful and different. Loving the dots stamp.
+Very pretty cards! The Floral Elements dies will be a great way to create whimsical flowers with dimension & I look forward to using them.
+Your cards are amazing!
+So many beautiful cards!! I am so in love with your cards with the Dainty Swiss Dots and Layer Floral Elements...the B&W with the flower colors!!
+Oh! I really love the sweet designs and your fresh color choices! I love seeing a fun take on holiday cards!
+Beautiful work. I particularly like the blue stars on your Peace Love Joy card. Thank you for participating in the Altenew blog hop.
+Beautiful cards. I love all of them.
+Thanks for sharing...
+I'm in love with the flower cards, the colors are so vivid and bright! Thank you for sharing your talent with us!
+Such a plethora of lovely cards. Those wreaths cards are fast becoming my favorite!
+Stunning cards. Thank you so much for sharing.
+Zsoka, these cards are so lovely--such creativity--I especially like the colorful florals. tfs
+Your card designs are so beautiful! I adore the non-traditional Christmas color choices you chose. So inspiring!
+I love how you used those flowers here, and the dotted stamp is awesome----already in my cart! Your Christmas cards are wonderful---the wreaths are my fave for sure. Another stamp/die set for my cart! Thanks for some awesome inspiration!
+Thanks for sharing your talent and creativity with us. Amazing cards and so inspiring...
+The layered floral elements die set is super! And I love the bright, happy colors you used! And I really like the colors you used on the baubles-these remind me of the ornaments when I was a little girl! TFS!
+I love your brilliant baubles in pink. Heck, I'm in love with everything you made.
+I like how you went from spring to winter in your cards. I love me some holiday sets, but it's also fun to see some lighter colors in there too. I also really like your way of doing dimension. You have such a fun way of highlighting your main images. Thanks for sharing with us!
+What a lovely and varied release with something for every occasion. Especially love those layered bloom dies, the swiss dots background and that gorgeous alphabet. Thanks for the beautiful inspiration! Your cards are absolutely stunning!
+Wow, so many beautiful creations. I love your color combinations, especially with the bauble cards. Not the colors you would associate with Christmas but they work perfectly.
+Wow, you used so many of the great new products! I love those layering flowers! Also really like the way you add dimension to your cards. Thanks for sharing!
+Such pretty cards! My favorite is the ornaments in the gray/silver, so elegant!
+Wow, great cards.
+Beautiful projects!!
+Wow, so many amazing cards!!! 😍😍😍 I LOVE the Christmas ones with the ornaments (they are gorgeous!) and the one with the poinsettias! You're so inspiring! The new Altenew release is full of awesome products, wish I could have them all...! 🤗🤗🤗❤❤❤
+This comment has been removed by the author.
+Your color choices are spot-on! Thanks for sharing!
+Your line up of cards today is awesome!! The first ones with the Layered Floral Elements and the Dainty Swiss Dots are so fresh and cheerful, just beautiful. All of your Christmas cards are gorgeous, I especially like the last one with the Peaceful Wreath stamp and the sequin window. Thank your for sharing all your cards and the awesome inspiration. (mardy14@bellsouth.net)
+Hi, you're my winner! Congratulations!!! Please email me at mzs6666@googlemail.com so I can tell you how to pick up your prize! XXX
+OMG! I was amazed at the flower cards, so pretty with all of those colors on the Swiss dot backgrounds, then came the Brilliant Baubles. Wow! I love how each one had a main color.... Grey.... Pink! So awesome. Then came more fabulous cards. Each so amazingly! You are very talented!
+Wow wow wow!!! Gorgeous cards... so inspiring!!!
+fun cards! really luv the wreaths!
+You have been a busy bee!! All of your cards are beautiful!! Your colors are awesome!! Thanks for the inspiration!!
+Absolutely blow away by these. The floral cards were my favorite, glorious color choices.
+Such pretty cards! I love the colours you used for the flower cards!
+Great job on all your cards, love the colors and style you made. thanks for sharing.
+Wow! I love the grey and red ornament card! That stampset is definitely my favorite from this months release, thanks for the inspiration!
+Love your color choices. Such beautiful cards!!!
+Such eye candy! Your color choices are perfect - I'm in love with those layered die cut blooms. And paired with tiny dots!!! My favorite Christmas card is the lovely one-layer one with the grays and reds.
+Fantastic cards. Love the sprinkling
+of flowers on the first cards. The
+muted colors on the ornaments is great.
+Bright color is not always needed.
+Wonderful collection of cards.
+thanks for sharing
+txmlhl(at)yahoo(dot)com
+Such pretty cards! I love how the different colors change the look of a card.
+Wow! Love the inspiration cards! The use of color is amazing!
+Wow, you've been busy playing and what beautiful cards you've brought us!! They are so different in their colours and their designs I absolutely love your layered floral elements cards!! Those bright vibrant colours with the black dainty polka dots go together perfectly! And I love that you used so many flowers. Your brilliant baubles cards are favourites of mine as well. Again your colour choices are amazing and make for some stunning cards. Your creativity is so inspiring! Thanks for sharing it with us!
+Hi Zsoka! WOW you've been sooooo busy! The cards are all so unique and beautiful. The colors really pop on your top three and your holiday cards are very festive and cheery! Thanks for the inspiration!!!
+WOW! I am in LOVE with these cards! I fell in love with these dies when I first saw them on the release. Your cards showcase them in such beautiful way. I can't wait to get these in my stash! :D :D :D
+Great samples.....pretty work....thank you so much for sharing.....off to hop now....thanks
+Such gorgeous cards! I am really loving those beautiful ornaments! I'm enjoying all the inspiration along the hop!
+Your cards are beautiful. I really hadn't taken much notice of the Layered Floral Elements dies before, but you've sold me! Love it.
+Gorgeous cards!! Love the bright colors you used in the floral ones and the Christmas ones are wonderful!!
+Should you say “sayonara” to cyanocobalamin?
+B-Aware: Cyanide in Your B-12 Vitamin
+Your Custom Text Here.
+Recently, in clinic…
+Bright red flares lit up the computer screen, as my patient and I checked his PET-CT scan results. The colored flame-like images superimposed on his CT scan represented areas of cancer. Looking at the images together, my patient remarked, “You know, they gave me glucose for that scan… the cancer must like glucose, right?”
+In short, the answer is, “Yes.” Cancer cells, because they grow, divide and multiply much more rapidly than normal cells, consume a higher concentration of sugar for energy. We, oncologists, capitalize on this phenomenon in using PET scans (PET = positron emission tomography) to identify tumors and areas of metastasis in patients. PET scans use modified glucose molecules, injected into patients’ veins, that light up in places where cancer cells are thriving.
+“Good,” he said. “Then it makes sense that I am now on a ketogenic diet, don’t you agree?” In theory, his reasoning made sense… but does science support this notion?
+What’s the story with this diet?
+A ketogenic diet (KD) is high in fat, moderate in protein, and low in carbohydrate intake. In medicine, it is already commonly used to treat hard-to-control epilepsy in children. The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates. Normally, the carbohydrates we eat are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and fuels the brain. However, if carbohydrates are lacking in our diet (usually below 50g/day), our bodies must break down fat to get energy (great for losing weight and the basis of Dr. Atkins’ diet). The liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies. Ketone bodies replace glucose as an energy source and pass right into the brain. Some studies even suggest the brain functions better on ketones [1]! Interestingly, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state called ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures [2]. Clinical applications of KD, aside from epilepsy, include neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, and case reports and small case studies indicate improvement in patients with autism, depression, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus [3].
+How about for cancer?
+In theory, KD for cancer makes perfect sense. Cancer cells, compared to normal cells, cannot use ketones as an efficient energy source [4]. KD protects normal cells from energy stress while depriving cancer cells of glucose. This diet forces cancer cells to employ a different type of metabolism (mitochondrial, or oxidative, metabolism) that induces metabolic stress. Mitochondrial abnormalities and genetic mutations make tumor cells particularly vulnerable to metabolic stress, which could then selectively sensitize cancer cells to conventional radiation and chemotherapies [4].
+So what does the research show?
+Currently, the University of Iowa, in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Cancer Institute (NCI), is investigating a phase I trial to see if KD during combined chemotherapy and radiation is safe and well-tolerated. Preclinical studies date back to 1987, when it was first shown that mice with colon adenocarcinoma on a KD had decreased tumor weight [5]. Additional studies using KD in cancer reported reduced tumor growth and improved survival in animal models of brain cancer (malignant glioma), colon cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer [6, 7]. KD may also increase the effects of radiation in certain types of brain cancer and lung cancer models [8, 9]. Fasting also induces a state of ketosis, the same effect as being on KD, and in pre-clinical cancer therapy models, was shown to enhance responsiveness to chemotherapy and possibly even reduce normal tissue side effects. In addition, fasting cycles were reported to slow tumor growth and sensitize a range of cancer cell types to chemotherapy [10].
+Successful case reports include two female pediatric patients with advanced stage malignant astrocytoma with a 21.8% decrease in tumor SUV when fed a KD, determined by FDG uptake in PET scans [11] and a 65 year old female with glioblastoma multiforme treated with calorie-restricted KD with standard treatment [12].
+On the contrary, diets high in sugar may play an adverse role in the progression of cancer. For example, epidemiological studies have shown that dietary sugar intake has a significant impact on the development of breast cancer, possibly through inflammation and in preclinical studies; dietary sugar seems to induce 12-LOX/12-HETE signaling (involved in the inflammatory cascade), increasing the risks of breast cancer development and metastasis [13].
+Will anything bad happen on it?
+It shouldn’t! A quality of life study in patients with advanced cancer found that KDs had no severe adverse effects and even improved emotional functioning and insomnia [14]. Common early side effects from high fat intake include fatigue, stomach ache, acidosis, nausea, and vomiting, which could lead to dehydration and hypoglycemia or low glucose levels in children. Long-term side effects, only after a year on a KD, include high cholesterol levels, kidney stones, cardiomyopathy, and bone mineral loss [7]. It is also important to take a multivitamin on it, as trace minerals like selenium, copper, and zinc, may be depleted.
+What if I don’t have cancer? Should I still try this diet?
+A ketogenic diet has been shown to be effective in other diseases. As mentioned above, it can help control childhood seizures in refractory epilepsy, treat obesity (think: Atkin’s diet), and may also play a beneficial role in slowing the progression of neurodegenerative disease. New case reports indicate improvement in patients with autism, depression, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and type 2 diabetes mellitus[3].
+In general, a diet that is low in sugar and refined carbohydrates, and higher in healthy fats and vegetables is a healthier lifestyle choice. It will prevent sugar spikes, that cause high levels of insulin release after meals and then the sleepiness (“food-coma”) that shortly ensues, thereafter.
+What does a day on a KD look like?
+Sugar-Free: To Be or Not to Be?
+Current research shows promise for a ketogenic diet and cancer, but a KD is by no means a cure, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy and radiation. Animal models of calorie restriction and KD have demonstrated reduced tumor growth with limited toxicity. Thus far, evidence in humans includes a potential role of a low-carbohydrate diet in preventing and treating malignant gliomas, breast cancers, colon cancers, and head and neck cancers[7]. However, most studies so far come from non-randomized trials, while randomized controlled trials would be the gold standard for testing an intervention’s efficacy. In addition, applying dietary restrictions to cancer patients is complex, as incidence of malnutrition and cachexia is frequent. In these delicate patients, a balance between dietary restriction and nutritional support is paramount. To be safe, cancer patients should be advised to pursue a KD via participation in a clinical trial, under the watchful eye of a physician.
+Bottom Line
+Overall, a low-sugar diet is a healthy lifestyle choice and a goal we should strive for daily. To put your body is ketosis, though, to treat disease such as cancer, should only be done with the approval and guidance of a physician, as some complications may arise.
+Meanwhile check out CitySlim’s Recipes for healthy, balanced meal and snack choices.
+1. Henderson, S.T. and J. Poirier, Pharmacogenetic analysis of the effects of polymorphisms in APOE, IDE and IL1B on a ketone body based therapeutic on cognition in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease; a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. BMC Med Genet, 2011. 12: p. 137.
+2. Freeman, J.M., E.H. Kossoff, and A.L. Hartman, The ketogenic diet: one decade later. Pediatrics, 2007. 119(3): p. 535-43.
+3. Allen, B.G., et al., Ketogenic diets as an adjuvant cancer therapy: History and potential mechanism. Redox Biol, 2014. 2: p. 963-70.
+4. Seyfried, T.N., et al., Press-pulse: a novel therapeutic strategy for the metabolic management of cancer. Nutr Metab (Lond), 2017. 14: p. 19.
+5. Tisdale, M.J., R.A. Brennan, and K.C. Fearon, Reduction of weight loss and tumour size in a cachexia model by a high fat diet. Br J Cancer, 1987. 56(1): p. 39-43.
+6. Freedland, S.J., et al., Carbohydrate restriction, prostate cancer growth, and the insulin-like growth factor axis. Prostate, 2008. 68(1): p. 11-9.
+7. Vergati, M., et al., Ketogenic diet and other dietary intervention strategies in the treatment of cancer. Curr Med Chem, 2017.
+8. Fath, M.A., et al., Enhancement of carboplatin-mediated lung cancer cell killing by simultaneous disruption of glutathione and thioredoxin metabolism. Clin Cancer Res, 2011. 17(19): p. 6206-17.
+9. Abdelwahab, M.G., et al., The ketogenic diet is an effective adjuvant to radiation therapy for the treatment of malignant glioma. PLoS One, 2012. 7(5): p. e36197.
+10. Safdie, F.M., et al., Fasting and cancer treatment in humans: A case series report. Aging (Albany NY), 2009. 1(12): p. 988-1007.
+11. Nebeling, L.C., et al., Effects of a ketogenic diet on tumor metabolism and nutritional status in pediatric oncology patients: two case reports. J Am Coll Nutr, 1995. 14(2): p. 202-8.
+12. Zuccoli, G., et al., Metabolic management of glioblastoma multiforme using standard therapy together with a restricted ketogenic diet: Case Report. Nutr Metab (Lond), 2010. 7: p. 33.
+13. Jiang, Y., et al., A Sucrose-Enriched Diet Promotes Tumorigenesis in Mammary Gland in Part through the 12-Lipoxygenase Pathway. Cancer Res, 2016. 76(1): p. 24-9.
+14. Schmidt, M., et al., Effects of a ketogenic diet on the quality of life in 16 patients with advanced cancer: A pilot trial. Nutr Metab (Lond), 2011. 8(1): p. 54.
+SeamFramework.orgCommunity Documentation
+WebSphere Application Server v7 is IBM's application server offering. This release is fully Java EE 5 certified.
+WebSphere AS being a commercial product, we will not discuss the details of its installation. At best, we will instruct you to follow the directions provided by your particular installation type and license.
+First, we will go over some basic considerations on how to run Seam applications under WebSphere AS v7. We will go over the details of these steps using the JEE5 booking example. We will also deploy the JPA (non-EJB3) example application.
+All of the examples and information in this chapter are based on WebSphere AS v7. A trial version can be downloaded here : WebSphere Application Server V7
+WebSphere v7.0.0.5 is the minimal version of WebSphere v7 to use with Seam. WAS v7.0.0.9 is highly recommended. Earlier versions of WebSphere have bugs in the EJB container that will cause various exceptions to occur at runtime.
+EJBContext may only be looked up by or injected into an EJB
+This is a bug in WebSphere v7.0.0.5. WebSphere does not conform to the EJB 3.0 specs as it does not allow to perform a lookup on "java:comp/EJBContext" in callback methods.
+This problem is associated with APAR PK98746 at IBM and is corrected in v7.0.0.9.
+NameNotFoundException: Name "comp/UserTransaction" not found in context "java:"
+Another bug in WebSphere v7.0.0.5. This occurs when an HTTP session expires. Seam correctly catches the exception when necessary and performs the correct actions in these cases. The problem is that even if the exception is handled by Seam, WebSphere prints the traceback of the exception in SystemOut. Those messages are harmless and can safely be ignored.
+This problem is associated with APAR PK97995 at IBM and is corrected in v7.0.0.9.
+The following sections in this chapter assume that WebSphere is correctly installed and is functional, and a WebSphere "profile" has been successfully created.
+This chapter explains how to compile, deploy and run some sample applications in WebSphere. These sample applications require
+a database. WebSphere comes by default with a set of sample applications called "Default Application". This set of sample applications
+use a Derby database running on the Derby instance installed within WebSphere. In order to keep this simple we'll use this Derby database created
+for the "Default Applications". However, to run the sample application with the Derby database "as-is", a patched Hibernate
+dialect must be used (The patch changes the default "auto" key generation strategy) as explained in Chapter 41, Seam on GlassFish application server.
+If you want to use another database, it's just a matter of creating a connection pool in WebSphere pointing to this database,
+declare the correct Hibernate dialect and set the correct JNDI name in
+persistence.xml.
+This step is mandatory in order to have Seam applications run with WebSphere v7. Two extra properties must be added to the Web Container. Please refer to the IBM WebSphere Information Center for further explanations on those properties.
+To add the extra properties:
+Servers/Server Types/WebSphere Application Serversin the left navigation menu
+server1)
+Web Container Settings/Web container
+custom propertiesand add the following properties:
+prependSlashToResource = true
+com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.invokefilterscompatibility = true
+In order to use component injection, Seam needs to know how to lookup for session beans bound to the JNDI name space. Seam provides two mechanisms to configure the way it will search for such resources:
+jndi-patternswitch on the
+<core:init>tag in
+components.xml. The switch can use a special placeholder "
+#{ejbName}" that resolves to the unqualified name of the EJB
+@JndiNameannotation
+Section 30.1.5, “Integrating Seam with your EJB container” gives detailed explanations on how those mechanisms work.
+By default, WebSphere will bind session beans in
+its local JNDI name space under a "short" binding name that adheres to the following pattern
+ejblocal:<package.qualified.local.interface.name>.
+For a detailed description on how WebSphere v7 organizes and binds EJBs in its JNDI name spaces, please refer to the WebSphere Information Center.
+As explained before, Seam needs to lookup for session bean as they appear in JNDI. Basically, there are three strategies, in order of complexity:
+@JndiNameannotation in the java source file,
+jndi-patternattribute,
+@JndiName("ejblocal:<package.qualified.local.interface.name>)annotation to each session bean that is a Seam component.
+components.xml, add the following line:
+<core:init
+WEB-INF/classes/seam-jndi.propertiesin the web module with the following content:
+com.ibm.websphere.naming.hostname.normalizer=com.ibm.ws.naming.util.DefaultHostnameNormalizer java.naming.factory.initial=com.ibm.websphere.naming.WsnInitialContextFactory com.ibm.websphere.naming.name.syntax=jndi com.ibm.websphere.naming.namespace.connection=lazy com.ibm.ws.naming.ldap.ldapinitctxfactory=com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory com.ibm.websphere.naming.jndicache.cacheobject=populated com.ibm.websphere.naming.namespaceroot=defaultroot com.ibm.ws.naming.wsn.factory.initial=com.ibm.ws.naming.util.WsnInitCtxFactory com.ibm.websphere.naming.jndicache.maxcachelife=0 com.ibm.websphere.naming.jndicache.maxentrylife=0 com.ibm.websphere.naming.jndicache.cachename=providerURL java.naming.provider.url=corbaloc:rir:/NameServiceServerRoot java.naming.factory.url.pkgs=com.ibm.ws.runtime:com.ibm.ws.naming
+web.xml, add the following lines:
+<ejb-local-ref>
+<ejb-ref-name>EjbSynchronizations</ejb-ref-name>
+<ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type>
+<local-home></local-home>
+<local>org.jboss.seam.transaction.LocalEjbSynchronizations</local>
+</ejb-local-ref>
+That's all folks! No need to update any file during the development, nor to define any EJB to EJB or web to EJB reference!
+Compared to the other strategies, this strategy has the advantage to not have to manage any EJBs reference and also to not have to maintain extra files.
+The only drawback is one extra line in the java source code with the
+@JndiName annotation
+To use this strategy:
+META-INF/ibm-ejb-jar-bnd.xmlin the EJB module and add an entry for each session bean like this:
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>WebSphere will then bind the
+<ejb-jar-bnd
+xmlns=""
+xmlns:xsi=""
+xsi:
+<session name="AuthenticatorAction" simple-
+<session name="BookingListAction" simple-
+</ejb-jar-bnd>
+AuthenticatorActionEJB to the
+ejblocal:AuthenticatorActionJNDI name
+components.xml, add the following line:
+<core:init
+WEB-INF/classes/seam-jndi.propertiesas described in strategy 1
+web.xml, add the following lines (Note the different
+ejb-ref-namevalue):
+<ejb-local-ref>
+<ejb-ref-name>ejblocal:EjbSynchronizations</ejb-ref-name>
+<ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type>
+<local-home></local-home>
+<local>org.jboss.seam.transaction.LocalEjbSynchronizations</local>
+</ejb-local-ref>
+Compared to the first strategy, this strategy requires to maintain an extra file
+(
+META-INF/ibm-ejb-jar-ext.xml),
+where a line must be added each time a new session bean is added to the application),
+but still does not require to maintain EJB reference between beans.
+components.xml, add the following line:
+<core:init
+This is the most tedious strategy as each session bean referenced by another session bean (i.e. "injected") as to be declared in
+ejb-jar.xml file.
+Also, each new session bean has to be added to the list of referenced bean in
+web.xml
+META-INF/ibm-ejb-jar-ext.xmlin the EJB module, and declare the timeout value for each bean:
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<ejb-jar-ext
+xmlns=""
+xmlns:xsi=""
+xsi:
+<session name="BookingListAction"><time-out</session>
+<session name="ChangePasswordAction"><time-out</session>
+</ejb-jar-ext>
+The
+time-out is expressed in seconds and must be higher than the Seam conversation expiration timeout
+and a few minutes higher than the user's HTTP session timeout (The session expiration timeout can trigger a few minutes
+after the number of minutes declared to expire the HTTP session).
+The
+jee5/bookingexample is based on the Hotel Booking example (which runs on JBoss AS).
+Out of the box, it is designed to run on Glassfish, but with the following steps, it can be deployed on
+WebSphere. It is located in the
+$SEAM_DIST/examples/jee5/booking directory.
+The example already has a breakout of configurations and build scripts for WebSphere. First thing, we are going to do is build and deploy this example. Then we'll go over some key changes that we needed.
+The tailored configuration files for WebSphere use the second JNDI mapping strategy ("Override the default names generated by WebSphere")
+as the goal was to not change any java code to add the
+@JndiName annotation as in the first strategy.
+Building it only requires running the correct ant command:
+ant -f build-websphere7.xml
+This will create container specific distribution and exploded archive directories with the
+websphere7 label.
+The steps below are for the WAS version stated above.The ports are the default values, if you changed them, you must substitute the values. your userid and/or your password if security is enabled for the console.
+WebSphere enterprise applicationsmenu option under the
+Applications --> Application Typeleft side menu.
+At the top of the
+Enterprise Applications table select
+Install.
+Below are installation wizard pages and what needs to done on each:
+Preparing for the application installation
+Browse to the
+examples/jee5/booking/dist-websphere7/jboss-seam-jee5.ear
+file using the file upload widget.
+Select the
+Next button.
+Select the
+Fast Path button.
+Select the
+Next button.
+Select installation options
+Select the "
+Allow EJB reference targets to resolve automatically"
+check boxes at the bottom of the page. This will let WebSphere use its simplified JNDI reference mapping.
+Select the
+Next button.
+Map modules to servers
+No changes needed here as we only have one server. Select the
+Nextbutton.
+Map virtual hosts for Web modules
+No changes needed here as we only have one virtual host. Select the
+Nextbutton.
+Summary
+No changes needed here. Select the
+Finish button.
+Installation
+Now you will see WebSphere installing and deploying your application.
+When done, select the
+Save link and you will be returned to the
+Enterprise Applications table.
+To start the application, select the application in the list, then click on the
+Start
+button at the top of the table.
+You can now access the application at
+resources-websphere7directory.
+META-INF/ejb-jar.xml
+— Removed all the EJB references
+META-INF/ibm-ejb-jar-bnd.xml
+— This WebSphere specific file has been added as we use the second JNDI mapping strategy.
+It defines, for each session bean, the name WebSphere will use to bind it in its JNDI name space
+META-INF/ibm-ejb-jar-ext.xml
+— This WebSphere specific file defines the timeout value for each stateful bean
+META-INF/persistence.xml
+— The main changes here are for the datasource JNDI path,
+switching to the WebSphere transaction manager lookup class,
+turning off the
+hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion toggle,
+and forcing the Hibernate dialect to be
+GlassfishDerbyDialect
+as we are using the integrated Derby database
+WEB-INF/components.xml
+— the change here is
+jndi-pattern
+to use
+ejblocal:#{ejbname} as using the second
+JNDI matching strategy
+WEB-INF/web.xml
+— Remove all the
+ejb-local ref except the one for
+EjbSynchronizations bean.
+Changed the ref fo this bean to
+ejblocal:EjbSynchronizations
+import.sql
+— due to the customized hibernate Derby dialect, the
+ID
+column can not be populated by this file and was removed.
+Also the build procedure has been changed to include the
+log4j.jar file
+and exclude the
+concurrent.jar and
+jboss-common-core.jar files.
+This is the Hotel Booking example implemented in Seam POJOs and using Hibernate JPA with JPA transactions. It does not use EJB3.7
+This will create container specific distribution and exploded archive directories with the
+websphere7 label.
+Deploying
+jpa application is very similar to the
+jee5/booking
+example at Section 40.5.2, “Deploying the jee5/booking example”.
+The main difference is, that this time, we will deploy a war file instead of an ear file,
+and we'll have to manually specify the context root of the application.
+Follow the same instructions as for the
+jee5/booking sample. Select the
+examples/jpa/dist-websphere7/jboss-seam-jpa.war file on the first page and on the
+Map context roots for Web modules page (after the
+Map virtual host for Web module),
+enter the context root you want to use for your application in the
+Context Root input field.
+When started, you can now access the application at the<context root>.
+resources-websphere7directory.
+META-INF/persistence.xml
+— The main changes here are for the datasource JNDI path,
+switching to the WebSphere transaction manager look up class,
+turning off the
+hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion toggle,
+and forcing the Hibernate dialect to be
+GlassfishDerbyDialect
+how as using the integrated Derby database
+import.sql
+— due to the customized hibernate Derby dialect, the
+ID
+column can not be populated by this file and was removed.
+Also the build procedure have been changed to include the
+log4j.jar file
+and exclude the
+concurrent.jar and
+jboss-common-core.jar files.
+- We are sorry, but NCBI web applications do not support your browser and may not function properly. More information
+- Journal List
+- NeuroRx
+- v.1(4); Oct 2004
+- PMC534947
+Cell Therapy in Parkinson's Disease
+Abstract.
+INTRODUCTION
+Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, and hypokinesia. The main pathology underlying disease symptoms in PD is a rather selective degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons leading to severe loss of dopamine (DA) in the striatum. The clinical trials with cell therapy in PD patients are based on the idea that restoration of striatal DA transmission by grafted dopaminergic neurons would induce long-lasting clinical improvement, even if the disease is chronic and also affects other brain regions and neuronal systems. In support, a bulk of experimental data from rodents and nonhuman primates have demonstrated that intrastriatally grafted DA neurons, obtained from the fetal ventral mesencephalon, display many of the morphological and functional characteristics of normal DA neurons: they reinnervate the denervated striatum and form synaptic contacts, are spontaneously active and release DA. Successful reinnervation by the grafts is accompanied by significant amelioration of Parkinson-like symptoms in animal models.
+Studies with transplantation of human fetal mesencephalic tissue, rich in dopaminergic neurons, to the striatum in PD patients were started in 1987. Since then, clinical cell therapy research in PD has had as its main objectives to explore whether 1) the grafted dopaminergic neurons can survive and form connections in the diseased patient's brain, 2) the patient's brain can integrate and use the grafted neurons, and 3) the grafts can induce measurable clinical improvement. Although the results from these studies seem to provide proof-of-principle for the cell replacement strategy in PD, it is also obvious that further developments are needed if cell-based approaches should become clinically competitive treatments. Major problems with the use of human fetal brain tissue for transplantation purposes are the poor availability and lack of standardization of the cell material, contributing to high variability in the degree of symptomatic relief. Stem cells or their derivatives might be able to solve several of these problems associated with the use of fetal tissue grafts. Stem cells can be defined as immature cells with prolonged self-renewal capacity and, depending on their origin, ability to differentiate into multiple cell types or all cells of the body. From stem cells, it should be possible to produce virtually unlimited numbers of neurons with dopaminergic phenotype in preparations that are standardized and quality controlled.
+In this paper, we will review the observations made after transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in PD patients. We will also discuss the scientific advancements that will be needed in experimental and clinical studies for the further development of a cell-based therapy in this disorder. We will argue that a clinically competitive cell replacement therapy for PD will require not only the availability of large numbers of DA neurons, possibly generated from stem cells, but also much better knowledge about which patients should be selected and how the functional outcome should be optimized in each patient's brain.
+WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED FROM CLINICAL TRIALS WITH FETAL NEURAL GRAFTS?
+Grafts can induce symptomatic relief, but the clinical outcome is variable
+An estimated 350 patients with PD have so far received intrastriatal implants of human fetal mesencephalic tissue, rich in postmitotic primary DA neurons. The tissue has been taken from aborted human fetuses, aged 6-9 weeks after conception. Several open-label trials have reported clinical benefit associated with graft survival.1–16 In the most successful cases, patients have been able to withdraw l-dopa treatment during several years after transplantation.10,11,13,17 The magnitude of the overall clinical benefit at 10-24 months postoperatively in three open-label trials11–13 is summarized in Table Table1.1. All patients were grafted bilaterally with tissue from about three to five donors into each putamen. In some cases, tissue was also implanted in the caudate nucleus. According to the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) motor score during practically defined “off” (i.e., in the morning, at least 12 h after the last dose of antiparkinsonian medication), the overall symptomatic relief at 10-24 months postoperatively was between 30 and 40%. In addition, there was a decrease (by 43–59%) of the average daily time spent in the “off” phase. The mean daily l-dopa requirements were reduced by 16–45%. It is interesting to note that in these three studies, even if the patients showed increased [18F]fluorodopa (FD) uptake in the putamen (by about 60%) using positron emission tomography (PET) indicating graft survival, FD uptake in putamen after transplantation was still only about 50% of the normal mean. This probably explains, at least to some extent, the incomplete functional recovery and indicates that there is room for considerable improvement.
+The first double-blind, sham surgery-controlled study18 demonstrated a more modest clinical response with 18% reduction of UPDRS motor score in “off” at 12 months after bilateral putaminal grafts (Table (Table1)1) but no improvement in the sham-operated group. In patients younger than 60 years, the improvement of UPDRS motor score was 34%. These data are important because they provide the first direct evidence of a specific graft-induced improvement, distinguishable from a placebo effect. In this trial, less tissue was implanted as compared to the open-label trials and, in agreement, the increase of FD uptake was lower (only 40% as compared to 60%). In two patients who died after grafting, the number of dopaminergic neurons in each putamen was only between 7,000 and 40,000,18 which was much lower than that found in two patients in one of the open-label trials19–21 (see below). The low cell number probably occurs because tissue from only two donors was implanted in each putamen (compared with tissue from three to five donors in the open-label trials) and that the tissue was stored in cell culture for up to 4 weeks before implantation. Moreover, no immunosuppressive treatment was given. In agreement, the overall postoperative clinical improvement was smaller compared with what was reported in the other patient series. These findings provide further support for the notion that the number of viable implanted DA neurons is an important factor determining the magnitude of symptomatic relief.22
+In a second, sham surgery-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial,23 solid pieces of human fetal mesencephalic tissue from one or four donors were implanted in each postcommissural putamen. The transplanted patients were compared with a group of patients subjected to sham surgery. Immunosuppressive treatment with cyclosporine was given for 6 months after surgery and patients were followed for 2 years. The trial failed to meet its primary outcome, i.e., change in UPDRS motor scores at 24 months compared with baseline (Table (Table1).1). However, in resemblance with the open-label trials, the patients grafted with tissue from four donors showed progressive improvements up to 6 and 9 months after surgery (but deteriorated thereafter). Putaminal FD-PET uptake was significantly increased in grafted patients at 12 months, as compared with controls and nongrafted striatal areas, and remained largely stable at 2 years after transplantation. The poor clinical outcome in this study could, as discussed in detail below, occur because the patients were more severely disabled at the time of transplantation compared with those in the open-label trials, indicating more extensive degenerative changes. Another possibility is that the short-term immunosuppression had been ineffective in preventing the occurrence of delayed immune reactions causing dysfunctional grafts.
+When analyzing the modest results of the two sham surgery-controlled clinical trials, it is of course important to ask whether the symptomatic improvements in the open-label studies may have been attributable to placebo effects or observer bias. There are several arguments against such an interpretation: 1) improvements after unilateral grafts have been predominantly contralateral, and in several patients their most parkinsonian side of the body has switched after transplantation; 2) improvements have occurred gradually, starting after about 3 months and continuing up to 1-2 years after grafting; 3) improvements have also been detectable with objective neurophysiological methods measuring arm and hand movements; 4) some patients have improved to the extent that they have been able to return to work and withdraw l-dopa treatment for several years; 5) improvements have been long-lasting, up to 10 years after transplantation; 6) not only improvements, but also deteriorations have been described in open-label trials; and 7) reported changes in motor function broadly correspond to the degree of graft survival and restoration of movement-related frontal cortical activation.
+Grafts can reinnervate striatum, release dopamine, and become integrated in patient's brain
+Human fetal mesencephalic DA neurons survive transplantation into the brain of PD patients. Significant increases of FD uptake in the grafted striatum have been observed in several studies,1,3,4,6–8,10–16,18,23 and in one patient, uptake was normalized after transplantation.10,17 FD-PET has also demonstrated that the grafts can survive despite an ongoing disease process and continuous antiparkinsonian drug treatment.17 Histopathological analyses have confirmed survival of the dopaminergic grafts and demonstrated their ability to reinnervate the striatum.19–21 In two transplanted patients, between 80,000 and 135,000 dopaminergic neurons had survived on each side, with neurite outgrowth from the grafted neurons extending up to approximately 7 mm within the putamen. Between 24 and 78% of the postcommissural putamen were reinnervated, and electron microscopy revealed synaptic connections between graft and host.
+The grafts can also restore regulated release of DA in the striatum. Thus, in one patient who was transplanted unilaterally in the putamen and showed major clinical improvement, FD uptake in the grafted putamen was normal at 10 years postoperatively.17 The uptake in the nongrafted putamen was only about 10% of normal level. Dopamine release, quantified using [11C]raclopride and PET,17 was normal in the grafted putamen both under basal conditions and after amphetamine administration. In contrast, the release in the contralateral, nongrafted putamen was very low. It seems highly likely that the efficient restoration of DA release in large parts of the grafted putamen underlies this patient's major clinical improvement.
+Finally, the fetal DA neuron grafts can become functionally integrated into neural circuitries in the PD patient's brain. In the intact brain, substantia nigra DA neurons are important regulators of corticostriatal neurotransmission. Deficient striatal dopaminergic function as a consequence of the loss of substantia nigra neurons in PD leads to an increased threshold for activation of the striatopallidothalamic output pathway. This causes impairment of the movement-related activation of frontal motor cortical areas, which is believed to underlie parkinsonian akinesia.24 Piccini and coworkers25 analyzed movement-related cortical activation, using PET and regional cerebral blood flow measurements, in four PD patients grafted bilaterally in the caudate and putamen. Postoperatively, there was a gradual restoration of the movement-related activation of frontal motor cortical areas that paralleled the time course of clinical improvement. These findings indicate that successful grafts in patients with PD, by improving striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission, can restore movement-related cortical activation, which probably is necessary to induce substantial clinical improvement.
+Grafts can give rise to troublesome dyskinesias
+The most debated complication from current clinical transplantation protocols for PD is the occurrence of postoperative graft-induced dyskinesias (GIDs).26 Freed et al.18 reported that 15% of their grafted patients developed severe postoperative dyskinesias in the “off” phase. Hagell et al.27 found that 8 of 14 PD patients grafted in Lund displayed postoperative “off”-phase dyskinesias that were mild and caused no distress or disability. In the remaining six patients, dyskinesias were of moderate severity and in one patient constituted a clinical therapeutic problem. In the study of Olanow et al.,23 56.5% of the grafted patients developed postoperative “off”-phase dyskinesias, which consisted of stereotypic, rhythmic movements in the lower extremities. Dyskinesia severity appeared to be generally mild, as judged by mean scores of 3.2 and 2.7 of a possible maximum score of 28 in the one- and four-donor group, respectively (no significant difference between groups), but were disabling and required surgery in three cases.
+The one or more mechanisms underlying GIDs are obscure.26 The first attempt to explain GIDs postulated excess DA as a result of continued fiber outgrowth from the grafts.18 However, several lines of evidence speak against this hypothesis. First, there is a lack of correlation between the magnitude of GIDs and that of the antiparkinsonian graft response.23,27 Second, GIDs and antiparkinsonian effect displayed different temporal developments after transplantation.18,23,27 For example, in three bilaterally grafted patients reported by Hagell et al.,27 dyskinesias reached their maximum at 24-48 months after transplantation, whereas the antiparkinsonian response developed during the first 12 months. Third, the occurrence of GIDs has not been associated with high postoperative striatal FD uptake or to the most pronounced graft-induced increases in striatal FD uptake.23,27 When comparing regional putaminal FD uptake in dyskinetic and nondyskinetic grafted patients, Ma et al.28 found evidence of an imbalance between the dopaminergic innervation in the ventral and dorsal putamen in the dyskinetic cases. However, Olanow et al.23 reported no differences in either regional or global levels of striatal FD uptake between patients with and without GIDs. Finally, from a phenomenological point of view, GIDs have differed from l-dopa-induced “on”-phase dyskinesias and instead been reminiscent of biphasic dyskinesias,23,26,28 which could suggest intermediate (not excess) DA levels.
+HOW SHALL CELL THERAPY BE DEVELOPED IN PARKINSON′S DISEASE?
+Graft efficacy has to be increased and variability reduced
+The clinical trials with fetal mesencephalic grafts in PD patients have provided proof-of-principle that cell replacement can restore function in the parkinsonian brain. However, a clinically competitive cell therapy has to provide advantages over current, rather effective treatments for alleviation of motor symptoms in PD patients. Cell-based approaches should give rise to long-lasting, major improvements of mobility and suppression of dyskinesias without the need for further therapeutic interventions. Alternatively, the cells should improve symptoms that are largely resistant to current treatments, such as balance problems and cognitive disturbances. So far, the improvements after intrastriatal transplantation of fetal DA neurons in patients18,23,29 have not exceeded those found with subthalamic deep brain stimulation,30 and there is no convincing evidence that drug-resistant symptoms are reversed by these grafts.29
+The most important question raised by the clinical transplantation trials performed so far is why the functional outcome has been so variable. This variability is not only seen between different trials and centers, but also within groups of PD patients transplanted at the same center. Among the patients operated in Lund, some have shown major improvement, with 40–60% decrease in UPDRS motor score in “off” at 1-2 years after transplantation, whereas others have exhibited little or no benefit (FIG. 1, left panel). Transplant-induced increases in FD uptake have also been highly variable (FIG. 1, right panel), which suggests that the magnitude of survival and growth of the grafted DA neurons are important factors in determining the functional outcome in patients. The results obtained in the Lund program indicate that good clinical recovery (>30% reduction in UPDRS motor score) is obtained only in patients with at least 40–50% increase in putaminal FD uptake in the grafted putamen. Small transplants, poorly surviving transplants, or poor DA fiber outgrowth (less than about 40% increase in overall FD uptake in the grafted putamen) have generally been associated with limited functional improvement. From the autopsy cases reported by Kordower et al.,20,21 it seems that a good clinical response is associated with survival of at least 100,000 tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive, presumed dopaminergic neurons in the putamen, and reinnervation of about one-third to one-half of the putaminal volume. This level of graft survival and TH-positive fiber outgrowth may correspond to a recovery of putaminal FD uptake to about 50% of normal.
+From available data, it thus seems clear that good graft survival and reinnervation of the denervated striatum, reflected in a marked increase in FD uptake at the graft site, is a necessary prerequisite for a good clinical response. It is equally clear, however, that the magnitude of increase in FD uptake in the grafted putamen does not always match the level of graft-induced functional improvement. This means that even in patients that show a marked increase in FD uptake, the transplantation-induced improvement in motor function, i.e., in UPDRS motor score, is quite variable.
+These observations indicate that variability in DA neuron survival and axonal outgrowth alone cannot explain the variable functional outcome, but that other factors are also likely to play an important role. Available experimental and clinical data highlight four such factors, each of which may be critical for determining the functional efficacy of intrastriatal VM grafts. These four factors are as follows: 1) patient selection, i.e., the nature and extent of the pathological processes underlying the parkinsonian symptoms in the individual patient; 2) graft placement, which determines the area(s) of the denervated forebrain that will become reinnervated by the grafted DA neurons; 3) composition of the graft with respect to different subtypes of DA neurons as well as other types of neuronal and non-neuronal elements; and 4) delayed and slowly developing immunological response associated with the immunogenicity of allogeneic transplants in the brain, which may compromise long-term DA neuron survival and function.
+Patient selection.
+The cell replacement strategy in PD is based on the assumption that restoration of DA neurotransmission in restricted areas of the forebrain is sufficient to reverse, or significantly ameliorate, motor symptoms in patients. Although the degeneration of the nigrostriatal DA neuron system is generally viewed as the common unifying defect in idiopathic PD, it is clear from autopsy studies that clinically diagnosed PD patients display a range of other neuropathological changes that are variable in extent and may involve other brainstem and cortical areas as well. Thus, Lewy bodies and α-synuclein-positive inclusions and dystrophic neurites vary markedly in extent and location from patient to patient.31 Moreover, widespread cortical changes, including amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cell loss, are frequently observed, also in patients without clinically diagnosed dementia.32 This variability is also seen in the extent to which other neurotransmitter systems, such as noradrenergic, serotonergic, and enkephalin-containing neurons, are affected.33
+Some of these changes may reflect the progressive nature of the disease, such that areas outside the nigrostriatal system may become more severely involved as the disease progresses. If so, intrastriatal DA neuron transplants would be expected to be more efficacious during early stages of PD, i.e., at stages when the pathological changes are likely to be confined mostly to the nigrostriatal DA system. More extensive degeneration may, at least in part, explain why the overall improvement seen in the Olanow et al.23 trial was so poor. As judged by the doses of antiparkinsonian medication taken by the patients at the time of surgery, these patients are likely to have had overall more advanced disease than, for example, the patients in the Lund program (mean daily l-dopa equivalent dose 1363.3 vs 932.5 mg, respectively). Furthermore, when Olanow and coworkers23 analyzed their less severely disabled patients, they observed a significant improvement difference compared to sham-operated patients at 2 years. Freed et al.18 have reported that transplant-induced recovery was significantly better in younger patients. In the older patient group (>60 years of age), the reduction in UPDRS motor score seen after transplantation was significantly correlated to the magnitude of the response to l-dopa medication as assessed preoperatively.
+In experiments in rodents, Sortwell et al.34 have shown that the survival and growth of fetal mesencephalic DA neurons are much reduced (by about 75%) in aged recipients, and that the functional effect of identical transplants is less in older animals. Previous studies have also demonstrated that the DA-denervated striatum exerts a stimulatory effect on the survival and growth of grafted dopaminergic neurons.35–37 Consistent with these in vivo data, Carvey et al.38 observed that the striatum-derived neurotrophic activity, as assessed on DA neurons in culture, is increased after removal of the DA afferents, and that the level declines with age.39 The factor, or factors, involved have so far not been identified, but several growth factors with neurotrophic activity on DA neurons are known to be present in the adult striatum. Two of them, BDNF and GDNF, have indeed been shown to be expressed at increased levels in the DA-denervated striatum. This denervation-induced increase of neurotrophic factor production is significantly reduced in aged animals.40–42 Based on these animal experimental data, it seems likely that the availability of diffusible growth-promoting factors, such as BDNF and GDNF, may play an important role in the regulation of graft survival and function also in PD patients.
+Available clinical and experimental data thus point to both age and disease severity as important factors in determining functional efficacy and hence also in explaining the variable outcome of intrastriatal fetal mesencephalic transplants. Moreover, the impact of these two factors may be additive: advancing age is likely to affect, above all, the ability of the denervated striatum to sustain survival and growth of the transplanted DA neurons. Increased disease severity, on the other hand, will affect the ability of the host brain to respond to otherwise fully functional DA neuron grafts. From what we know today, it seems likely that DA neuron transplants will be optimally effective, and hence therapeutically valuable, only in moderately advanced PD patients exhibiting a good and reliable response to l-dopa medication in combination with symptomatology and PET image, which suggest nigrostriatal dysfunction as the leading cause of disability.
+Graft placement.
+In the clinical trials performed so far, the fetal mesencephalic grafts have—with few exceptions—been placed in the putamen, and in some cases only in the posterior putamen. The outgrowing axons can be estimated to extend 2–3 mm from the site of implantation, which means that the action of the transplanted DA neurons will be limited to a relatively restricted area surrounding each cell deposit. We have previously estimated that about one-third of the grafted putamen will be reached by the graft-derived DA innervation from three to four implantation sites. Remaining parts of the putamen, as well as other striatal areas, are not reinnervated. The reasons for selecting the putamen as the primary transplantation target are that this region exhibits the most marked reductions in DA content, and that it is the part of the striatal complex that is physiologically most closely linked to motor control. However, the loss of DA is quite widespread and also involves other parts of the basal ganglia and limbic forebrain, as well as areas of the cerebral cortex. In most of these regions the mean reductions, as measured biochemically in postmortem brain samples from PD patients, is in the range of 50–90% (see33).
+The extent to which DA projections to areas outside the putamen are involved (e.g., caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and frontal cortex) varies from patient to patient and may also be reflected in the severity and range of symptoms exhibited by the individual patient. Based on these considerations, it seems likely that the placement of the dopaminergic transplants has to be tailored to each patient. The way to approach this, we believe, is to perform high-resolution PET scans before surgery to identify the areas, or subregions, where FD uptake is most severely reduced. Such data will be useful not only as a rational basis for selecting optimal transplantation sites for each patient, but they will also help in establishing a correct diagnosis and linking specific symptoms to the pattern of striatal DA dysfunction.
+There are animal experimental data in support of this approach. Previous studies, in both rodents and monkeys, have shown that transplants placed in different subregions of the striatal complex will influence different aspects of sensorimotor behavior in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) animal model of PD. Thus, grafts placed in the ventrolateral sector of the striatum in rats, or in the putamen in monkeys, improve paw use and sensorimotor-orienting responses; grafts placed in the dorsocentral part of the striatum in rats, or in the caudate nucleus in monkeys, influence motor asymmetry and posture; and grafts placed in the accumbens area will affect various aspects of locomotor activity in rats.43–46
+The striatum and associated limbic and cortical forebrain areas are known to be functionally heterogeneous. As a consequence, the effect of DA denervation on sensorimotor behavior is directly dependent on which area, or areas, are affected.47 Although the nigrostriatal DA system is most severely degenerated in PD, there is clearly a variable involvement of the mesocorticolimbic DA system as well. This raises the question whether grafts limited to the caudate nucleus and putamen are sufficient in all cases. Experiments in rats with 6-OHDA-induced lesions have shown that the magnitude of functional recovery induced by intrastriatal transplants is greater in partially lesioned animals in which the limbic and cortical projections are spared, and that the effect of identical transplants is less in animals with complete lesions of the entire mesotelencephalic DA projection system.36 Thus, the spared portions of the DA projection system innervating nonstriatal areas may be necessary for the intrastriatal grafts to exert their optimal functional effect. The implication of this observation is that patients with more widespread DA neuron cell loss, in which the disease has progressed to also involve nonstriatal areas, may be less suitable candidates for intrastriatal dopaminergic transplants.
+Composition and preparation of the graft tissue.
+There has so far been no attempt to standardize the way cell transplantation is carried out at different centers. Almost all aspects of tissue procurement and handling vary from one center to another: the dissection of the fetal brain material, the age of the donor fetuses, the length and type of storage after dissection, the way the tissue is dissociated before implantation (into pieces or crude cell suspensions), and the composition of the medium used for storage and/or injection. As a result, the composition of the cell material used for transplantation is likely to vary significantly. In the Freed et al.18 trial, the tissue was cultured for up to 4 weeks before grafting, and in some cases a growth factor cocktail was used. The tissue was implanted as nondissociated solid tissue strands. In the Olanow et al.23 trial, tissue was stored in so-called hibernation medium at 4°C for up to 2 days, and the grafts were implanted as solid pieces. In the Lund program, we have in most cases used nonstored tissue (implanted within about 5–6 h after dissection), and the tissue has been dissociated into a crude cell suspension before injection.
+The use of solid grafts is partly justified because it makes it possible to also use tissue from somewhat older aborted fetuses. However, solid tissue grafts are likely to be more immunogenic. Experiments with intracerebral allografts in rodents have shown that the blood capillaries that develop in grafts composed of solid tissue pieces are almost entirely of donor origin and will express high levels of major histocompatibility class I for weeks or months after transplantation, whereas the capillaries in suspension grafts are mostly of host origin.48,49 The disadvantage of using long-term stored or cultured tissue is that its cellular composition is likely to change significantly over time in culture. Cultured fetal mesencephalic DA neurons, moreover, survive less well after transplantation and show more limited fiber outgrowth than freshly dissociated DA neuroblasts.50
+One aspect of graft tissue composition that deserves more attention relates to the fact that the ventral mesencephalon contains two distinct DA neuron subtypes: the so-called A9 neurons of the substantia nigra and the A10 neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Experiments in rodents51,52 suggest that the axons reinnervating the striatum are derived from grafted neurons of the A9 subtype (which is the one normally innervating the caudate nucleus and putamen). The mesencephalic transplants contain a mixture of both subtypes but the fiber outgrowth from the A10 neurons seems to be confined to the graft itself and is thus unlikely to exert any major functional effect. There are good reasons to believe, therefore, that the functional impact of intrastriatal fetal mesencephalic grafts is predominantly mediated by the A9 neuron subtype. Unfortunately, we do not yet have access to any reliable markers that allow us to safely distinguish A9 from A10 neurons. One potentially useful marker is the retinoic acid-generating dehydrogenase enzyme AHD2, which is preferentially expressed by the DA neurons located in the substantia nigra pars compacta. However, because only a subfraction of the nigral DA neurons express this enzyme, it does not provide a sufficiently reliable tool to identify all nigral neurons in the graft.52 It is clear that the relative proportion of A9 and A10 cells in the graft preparations may differ depending on the dissection, preparation, and storage of the tissue before grafting. There are some indications from the work of Isacson and colleagues52,53 that A9 neurons are more vulnerable and that they survive less well after transplantation, at least when taken from somewhat older donors. There is an obvious risk, therefore, that prolonged storage or cell culture may lead to preferential loss of the A9 subtype. This is important to keep in mind when evaluating the outcome of cell transplants in PD patients: the total number of surviving DA neurons in the graft does not tell us how many of these are fully functional A9 neurons with projections extending into the host striatum. Mesencephalic tissue transplanted as solid pieces may be less favorable than cell suspensions in this regard: the number of surviving DA neurons (A9 and A10 combined) required to induce a measurable functional effect in the 6-OHDA PD model (≥50% reduction in amphetamine-induced turning behavior) has been estimated to be about twofold higher in solid grafts as compared to cell suspension grafts.52
+Immunological mechanisms.
+The time course of functional changes in the two sham surgery-controlled studies is clearly different from that observed in the Lund program. In both studies, as illustrated in Figure 2, an initial improvement in UPDRS motor score was observed during the first 4–6 months after transplantation, but was not sustained beyond 6 months. In the Freed et al.18 study, the improvement seen in the younger patient group leveled off at this time point, whereas in the Olanow et al.23 study, the UPDRS scores gradually returned toward preoperative values. In the Lund series,10,25 many of the transplanted patients have shown continued improvement between 6 and 12 months, and in some patients also during the second year after grafting. Interestingly, the magnitude of symptomatic relief seen in the Freed et al.18 and Olanow et al.23 trials over the first 4-6 months matches fairly well the improvement seen in the Lund patients over this time period (FIG. 2). However, although the Lund patients continued to improve over the subsequent 12–18 months, the patients in the Freed and Olanow studies did not.
+This major discrepancy in the clinical evolution after transplantation could be explained by the difference in the immunosuppressive treatments used: in the two sham surgery-controlled trials, the immunosuppression was kept at a minimum, i.e., no immunosuppression at all in the Freed et al.18 trial, and only a low-dose cyclosporine regimen in the Olanow et al.23 study. In contrast, a well monitored triple drug immunosuppressive regimen, with high doses initially, was maintained for at least 12 months in the Lund patients. Interestingly, in the Olanow et al.23 trial, the cyclosporine treatment was stopped after 6 months, and the functional improvement ceased to increase soon thereafter. It is conceivable, therefore, that the failure of the transplants to give rise to further clinical benefits in the two sham surgery-controlled trials is caused, at least in part, by the development of a delayed immunological response to the allogeneic graft tissue, the impact of which became apparent during the second half of the year after transplantation.
+Earlier animal experimental studies have shown that intracerebral allogeneic transplants that differ immunologically on both major and minor histocompatibility antigens will induce an acute inflammatory response, accompanied by an upregulation of both class I and class II antigens in the donor cells. This response subsides over the first 6-8 weeks, but in cases where the recipient animal is immunized against the donor tissue the immune response may rebound, leading to a long-lasting inflammatory response coupled to macrophage and microglial activation at the graft site (FIG. 3). Hudson et al.54 and Shinoda et al.55,56 have shown that this delayed inflammatory response may be detrimental to both survival and function of intrastriatal DA neuron transplants. In such chronic immune-activated transplants, the DA neurons may survive in a compromised state for a long time, with patches of activated microglia–macrophages and increased expression of class II antigens (FIG. 3, immune-activated grafts). Interestingly, this is a picture similar to that observed in the two cases that have come to autopsy in the Olanow et al.23 trial. As pointed out above, solid tissue allografts, as used in this trial, are likely to be more immunogenic because the blood capillaries in such grafts to a large extent are donor-derived and induced to express high levels of donor class I antigens.48,49 For this reason, they may be particularly prone to developing the delayed inflammatory response. The immune reaction against the implanted cells will also depend on the extent of tissue damage or bleeding at the implantation site(s), and it is further enhanced when the transplantation is made in stages, with an interval of several weeks.57 Long-term immunosuppressive treatment is therefore essential to allow the transplanted DA neurons to develop their full functional potential, particularly when the transplantation is performed bilaterally with an interval of several weeks, or multiple needle penetrations are used.
+Techniques for generation of standardized DA neurons in large numbers have to be developed
+It is unlikely that transplantation of human fetal mesencephalic tissue will become routine treatment for PD because of problems with tissue availability and standardization of the grafts, leading to much variation in functional outcome. Most probably, fetal mesencephalic grafts will continue to be the golden standard in cell therapy research for PD, and to make more progress it will be necessary to perform additional open-label trials where small groups of patients are operated to explore specific scientific issues. Other sources of cells, such as xenogeneic mesencephalic DA neurons,58 have been considered. However, the clinical trials using intrastriatal transplantation of porcine fetal mesencephalic tissue in patients with PD59,60 have not provided any evidence of graft survival or unequivocal clinical benefits. The main interest is now focused on the production of DA neurons from stem cells in culture and subsequent transplantation.
+Stem and progenitor cell technology has the potential to provide virtually unlimited numbers of defined and standardized cells for transplantation in PD patients. Hypothetically, DA neurons could be generated from four different sources of stem cells: embryonic stem cells from the fertilized egg, neural stem cells from the fetal or adult brain, or stem cells in other tissues such as bone marrow. However, the neurons generated from stem cells have to work at least as well as primary DA neurons in fetal mesencephalic grafts. One advantage of stem cells might be the possibility for controlled genetic modification that, hypothetically, could be used to increase survival, migration, and function of their progeny. Based on results obtained with fetal transplants in animals and patients, a set of requirements can be identified that probably have to be fulfilled also by stem cell-derived cells to induce marked clinical improvement: 1) the cells should release DA in a regulated manner and exhibit the molecular, morphological, and electrophysiological properties of substantia nigra neurons53; 2) the cells must be able to reverse motor deficits in animal models resembling the symptoms in patients; 3) the yield of cells should allow for 100,000 or more grafted DA neurons to survive long-term in each human putamen22; 4) the grafted DA neurons should re-establish a dense terminal network throughout large areas of the striatum; and 5) the grafts have to become functionally integrated into host neural circuitries.25
+Neurons with a dopaminergic phenotype surviving transplantation in animal models have been generated in culture from mouse and monkey embryonic stem cells and from neural stem or progenitor cells derived from the fetal rodent and human brain.61 Currently, there is little evidence that DA neurons for grafting can be made from adult neural stem cells or from stem cells derived from other tissues. In most cases, it is unclear whether the stem cell-derived cells after transplantation to animal models can substantially reinnervate the striatum, restore DA release, and markedly improve deficits resembling the PD patient's symptoms. The most promising results so far have been obtained using mouse embryonic stem cells.62,63 Large numbers of DA neurons can also be generated when the embryonic stem cells are of human origin, which probably is necessary for a clinical application.
+It should be emphasized that, before any clinical application, the risk for teratoma from embryonic stem cells has to be carefully evaluated. Strategies to prevent this serious adverse effect should be developed. Direct implantation of mouse embryonic stem cells into the rat striatum caused teratomas in 20% of the animals,62 but the risk seems to be reduced if the cells are predifferentiated in vitro. Importantly, embryonic stem cells are probably more prone to generating tumors when implanted into the same species from which they were derived.64 Thus, absence of tumors after implantation of human embryonic stem cells or their derivatives in rodents does not exclude their occurrence in the human brain.
+Strategies to avoid dyskinesias have to be developed
+New animal models in rodents and nonhuman primates are needed to reveal the pathophysiological mechanisms of GIDs.65 Observations in patients and experimental animals suggest several possible mechanisms that may contribute to the development of GIDs.26 One possibility is that failure of the grafts to restore a precise distribution of dopaminergic synaptic contacts on host neurons could result in abnormal gating of corticostriatal inputs, causing abnormal striatal signaling and synaptic plasticity. An alternative possibility, supported by the FD-PET data of Ma et al.,28 is that GIDs might be induced by small grafts that give rise to islands of dopaminergic reinnervation, surrounded by supersensitive, denervated striatal areas. It is also conceivable that the composition of the graft with respect to the types of mesencephalic DA neurons, from substantia nigra or VTA, and the proportion of nondopaminergic neurons or non-neuronal cells may be a contributing factor. As described above, several properties, e.g., firing pattern, transmitter release, and axonal growth capacity, differ between the two types of mesencephalic DA neuron.53 Finally, the occurrence of GIDs may be induced by inflammatory and immune responses around the graft. In this context, it is interesting to note that in the study of Olanow et al.,23 dyskinesias developed after discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy, with signs of an inflammatory reaction around the grafts in autopsied cases. These various possibilities need to be explored in further detail in animal models.
+CONCLUDING REMARKS
+During the past two decades, there has been rapid and remarkable advancements in PD cell therapy research. When transplantation of human embryonic mesencephalic tissue into the striatum of PD patients was first performed in 1987, it was unknown whether grafted neurons could at all survive, grow, and function in the 50- to 60-year-old human brain affected by a chronic neurodegenerative disorder. The clinical trials performed since then have provided evidence that the grafted DA neurons can reinnervate the striatum, release DA, become functionally integrated, and induce symptomatic improvement. The effects of transplantation can be long-lasting, up to at least 10 years, and pronounced, allowing for drug withdrawal. Although the degeneration of the patient's own DA neurons continues, no data have suggested that the disease process compromises the survival of the grafts. From a clinical perspective, however, cell therapy is still in a developmental phase and should only be applied to small groups of patients. Current transplantation procedures have not offered groups of patients any clinical benefits that cannot be obtained with other treatments for PD. However, cell therapy has the potential advantage that it can lead to replacement of those particular neurons that have died, restitute functional synaptic DA release at denervated sites in the striatum, and, in the ideal scenario, reconstruct the nigrostriatal system. If we learn how to generate DA neurons in large numbers from stem cells, and how to implant them and guide their growth for efficient repair of the DA system, there is real hope that we in the future can offer patients effective cell-based treatments to restore brain function in PD.
+Acknowledgments
+Our own research was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Söderberg Foundation.
+REFERENCES
+Formats:
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+- Role of cell therapy in Parkinson disease.[Neurosurg Focus. 2002]Lindvall O, Hagell P. Neurosurg Focus. 2002 Nov 15; 13(5):e2. Epub 2002 Nov 15.
+- Stem cells for cell therapy in Parkinson's disease.[Pharmacol Res. 2003]Lindvall O. Pharmacol Res. 2003 Apr; 47(4):279-87.
+- Prospects of stem cell therapy for replacing dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease.[Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009]Lindvall O, Kokaia Z. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009 May; 30(5):260-7. Epub 2009 Apr 9.
+- Cell therapy and transplantation in Parkinson's disease.[Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001]Lindvall O, Hagell P. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001 Apr; 39(4):356-61.
+- Neural grafting in Parkinson's disease Problems and possibilities.[Prog Brain Res. 2010]Brundin P, Barker RA, Parmar M. Prog Brain Res. 2010; 184:265-94.
+- Potential sources of stem cells as a regenerative therapy for Parkinson's disease[Stem Cells and Cloning : Advances and Appli...]El-Sadik AO. Stem Cells and Cloning : Advances and Applications. 3183-191
+- In vitro Labeling of Neural Stem Cells with Poly-L-Lysine Coated Super Paramagnetic Nanoparticles for Green Fluorescent Protein Transfection[Iranian Biomedical Journal. 2013]Albukhaty S, Naderi-Manesh H, Tiraihi T. Iranian Biomedical Journal. 2013 Apr; 17(2)71-76
+- Devices for cell transplantation into the central nervous system: Design considerations and emerging technologies[Surgical Neurology International. ]Potts MB, Silvestrini MT, Lim DA. Surgical Neurology International. 4(Suppl 1)S22-S30
+- Generation of induced neurons via direct conversion in vivo[Proceedings of the National Academy of Scie...]Torper O, Pfisterer U, Wolf DA, Pereira M, Lau S, Jakobsson J, Björklund A, Grealish S, Parmar M. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2013 Apr 23; 110(17)7038-7043
+- Efficient Generation of A9 Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons by Lentiviral Delivery of LMX1A in Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells[Human Gene Therapy. 2012]Sánchez-Danés A, Consiglio A, Richaud Y, Rodríguez-Pizà I, Dehay B, Edel M, Bové J, Memo M, Vila M, Raya A, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Human Gene Therapy. 2012 Jan; 23(1)56-69
+- Cell Therapy in Parkinson's DiseaseCell Therapy in Parkinson's DiseaseNeuroRx. 2004 October; 1(4)382PMC
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+Woof Woof
+November 21, 2007 in Current Affairs, Football, politics | Permalink
+|
+So, the best kept footballing secret of the year is finally out. It is adios las chicas of Madrid and hola! hola! to the hot babes of California. David Beckham is coming to town. Yay!
+But not old London town - place of his birth. No, no, no, no, no!
+The former Manchester United player and England captain will be shipping his family to their natural home - Hollywood! Posh Spice may now achieve her dream of being a movie star - she's getting the body ready with all that enhancement and supershrinking - and I reckon their new best friends, TomKat (Tom and Katie Cruise, doh!) may even find a cameo role for Mr B in their next movie.
+Much talk has been made of Tom Cruise luring the Beckhams into his funny old world of Scientology. I'm not sure. Let's face it, Mr Cruise's career is no longer in the ascendancy and Mr and Mrs Beckham are only interested in global domination. To the max!
+I wish the Beckhams well. I feel sad that we will no longer see David Beckham shoot a free corner kick on English soil. He was, after all, a great player. No doubt Victoria has even greater things planned - 'cos let's face it, he's no longer calling the shots.
+My only question is this - are they taking their dogs stateside? Yes, their dogs. Dave and Vicky once owned a pair of Rottweilers but I have not seen them for some time....maybe when the couple make their first rap video, we shall see the whole family reunited.
+January 11, 2007 in Football | Permalink
+|
+This is what the football pundits are discussing; could this be the chance for England's former captain to return to the fold?
+The thing is, while everyone agreed that England's performance in the World Cup was pretty woeful, the subsequent treatment of David Beckham seemed pretty harsh. I mean, to not even have him listed in the squad was a bit OTT.
+In with the new, out with the old (Eriksson regime) was the point being made but since Steve McLaren has taken over, we haven't exactly seen a completely different performance, have we?
+Personally, I blame Victoria Beckham; NOT for her anorexic lifestyle or love of all things plastic. Pas de tout! No, it was the haircut; I reckon it was a modern take on Samson and Delilah. So when Victoria trimmed her fake hair (those extensions), David lost all his power.
+Yes, Victoria should do a Sienna Miller (no, not alienate Pittsburgh!) but having cut off her hair in a fit of peak , she needs to put back those extensions. And fast.
+Mark my words; as Victoria's hair gets longer, so will Beckham's chances of achieving those elusive 100 caps increase.
+October 12, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+Yes, the boy from Barking has done well; John Terry is the new captain for England. It's official.
+But what do we know of this so-called former bad boy? Well, he was born on 7 December 1980 and is 6ft1 tall. But other than that, there's not much personal stuff available right now.
+According to the new Coach, Steve McClaren, JT is the man:
+."
+But my question is this, does he have a dog? You may think that a trivial question but this is Eng-er-land we're talking about here!
+Anyway, here's wishing the Barking Boy the best of luck and let's hope he manages to secure an International title. At least he won't be distracted by his hairstyle or his brand values!
+August 10, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+Today marks the first day in the new era of football; well, that's what Brian Barwick (Chief Executive of the FA (Football Association)) said this morning as he awaits the arrival of the new England coach, Steve McLaren.
+Max Clifford is also getting lots of airtime because he will be responsible for helping Steve McLaren focus on the game; after all, with England's disappointing performance at the World Cup, we all think it's because Sven was NOT focusing on the job in hand... As far as I can see, if it means that everyone concentrates on football rather than playing footsie (think Ulrika, Faria...you know what I'm saying) then it has to be a good thing!
+But that’s assuming the England lads have somewhere to play because the fact that Wembley stadium won't be ready for at least another year is also hitting the headlines. Yes, England fans will have to wait another 12 months before they have any chance of seeing their team play on the famous turf...
+The Mistress's other half had plenty to say on the matter and, though it pained him to say it, he argued that if Arsenal's management can get a stadium built in time for the new season.... well, you can imagine the rest!
+Of course, I am not surprised. Last week the Mistress took me to Stratford-upon-Avon; well, she was going and I went too. As everyone knows, Stratford-upon-Avon is the birthplace of the bard, surely our greatest literary asset, William Shakespeare. And Stratford, according to one local cabbie, is the UK's fifth most popular tourist attraction. Everyone wants to see where he penned classics like...Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream (not Midsummer Murders!) and, well, you get the drift. The tourists also like to pass by Anne Hathaway's cottage (wife of the bard) and sit down for a tasty snack in ye olde tea shoppe.
+But guess what? If you want to go to Stratford-upon-Avon by train, you are limited to one every two hours. I think I mentioned that the Mistress is carbon neutral and continues to travel everywhere by public transport. Coaches are a no-go if she has to take me but the train is fine. So, we managed to get our train there - delayed only by 30 mins or so on the outward journey but, coming back, we got held up so many times that we were nearly an hour late. Apart from points failure and a driver who had gone AWOL, we also stopped at.... Wembley Stadium. Yes, we did; it's on the same route. And we stopped at Wembley for a long long time.
+How ironic, it struck me, that if the people responsible had managed to get Wembley finished in time, the train would have been packed. There would have been a sporting event on or maybe a gig (there are loads of disgruntled artists who are waiting to play at the new stadium) but no. Instead, we were all just stuck on a train, not getting back from Stratford and not getting off at Wembley.
+In management speak (aka more jargon and nonsense), it's called joined-up thinking. Well how about some joined-up thinking here - put trains on so tourists and theatre lovers can get to sunny Stratford, get buildings finished on time so fans can pay good money and get the whole micro-economy going (don't mention the Dome!).
+Of course, if I were in charge, it would be door-to-door luxury with snacks on tap. We dogs know a thing or two...
+So, people in charge, whoever you are... THINK of the tourist pound, as the Mistress's other half likes to say!
+Woof Woof
+August 01, 2006 in Football, Modern Life | Permalink
+|
+Name any TV news programme, radio news bulletin or national newspaper and I can guarantee one thing. There will be talk of the boy wonder - Wayne Rooney - or England's Talisman as he surely is now?
+And we (as in England) haven't even played the last match in our group...yet. Tonight sees England v Sweden and although the boys only need to draw for us to come top of our group, I think the lads will be up for scoring. Psychologically Owen (as in Michael) needs to score his first goal - just to get it over with!
+The Mistress and her other half love football but for different reasons. She came to it late - yes, one of those Euro '96 converts - while he has been a lifelong fanatic. Sadly, his team got relegated this season so he can't even enjoy Premiership games anymore.
+But I digress; what's football got to do with dogs? Well, quite a lot actually because I predict that animal rescue centres will start naming their inmates after footballers. And I predict a lot of Waynes being put up for adoption in the coming weeks. Particularly as England gets further into the tournament. Hooray for that, I say. Anything that highlights the plight of abandoned woofers is ok by me.
+And it will be the same for babies; a lot of them are going to be called Wayne (despite the name’s chav associations) if Rooney can weave his magic on the pitch. And what about the girls? Well, Waynetta doesn't really do it, does it?
+June 20, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+With a statement like that, you’re bound to think I’m barking mad. Au contraire! Let me explain...
+Cast your mind back to Saturday’s match – England versus Paraguay – and remember, the result was not a foregone conclusion. Paraguay was an unknown quantity. But, come to think about it, so was England. Could you have predicted how the team was going to perform?
+The final score was 1-0 to England but it was an opposition own goal that gave our boys the advantage. Thanks to England’s defence or, more specifically, to our goalkeeper Paul Robinson, Paraguay didn’t score. But Robinson’s performance could have been a whole different ball game had it not been for good news about...his Boxer dog, Tyson.
+Yes, Mr Robinson’s pet pooch had been staying with a VIP dog sitter, for the duration of the World Cup, and had managed to escape OR was dognapped – draw your own conclusions. The alarm was raised and Mrs Robinson had to break the news to her husband....can you imagine that? Losing your dog before an International game?
+Fortunately for England supporters, smart thinking by Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, which took Tyson in after dog wardens had found him wandering the streets of north London, meant that the much-loved pet was returned home, to the relief of the Robinson family.
+Well, thank goodness for that!
+So here’s my plea to all the England team’s back-up (you know, family, friends, staff – whatever), if you are looking after the footballers’ woofers, please, please, please keep an eye on them at all times and let’s have no more scares. Robinson could be “totally focused” after Tyson was found but we can’t afford any more shocks like that for England’s finest! Definitely not!
+And who knows? Maybe England really can go all the way!
+June 12, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+Now if you like and follow football, you’ll know all about Ronaldinho.
+For those of you who don’t, he is currently – according to some, like Pele and Maradonna – the world’s best player. He is part of the Brazilian national team (world cup winners several times over) and he plays for Barcelona (sold to them in 2003 for a whopping $37 million), the team that recently beat Arsenal in the Champions League.
+He’s a big player on the world stage. So, given all this information, you would expect this footballing genius to attribute his skill and expertise to any of the following:
+amazing mentor who discovered him when young (think Theo Walcott), hours and hours of training, concentrating on the same moves (like David Beckham) and lucky break – being in the right place at the right time and having his talents nurtured (like Geoff Hurst replacing Jimmy Greaves in ‘66).
+Mais non! Ronaldinho puts it all down to...his dog. Yes, his pet Bombom (chocolate candy), is the key to it all. Describing his childhood in Porto Alegre, Ronaldinho reveals:
+'.''
+Talking to the Brazilian newspaper, Zero Hora, Ronaldinho says that although he no longer has Bombom he still plays with his pet pooches. ''My dogs in Spain also love to play ball,'' he says. ''I dribble with them all the time, too.''
+So, if Brazil manage to secure the World Cup again this summer, it will all be down to a dog!
+Woof Woof
+June 02, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+As far as the Mistress's other half is concerned, football is THE beautiful game. The one and only.
+He watches it on TV but is no longer a season ticket holder. I think it's because his team are about to relegated - AGAIN - and he just can't face the humilation!
+Anyway, football clubs like to have their mascots and Doncaster Rovers are no exception. Donny the Dog is their animal of choice and with mascots, it's very simple. A person - usually a bloke - dresses up in a lifesize costume and is highly visible from the stands and the pitch.
+When Doncaster Rovers played Huddersfield Town (away match), Donny the Dog (aka grandfather, Andy Liney) was all ready to get into the grounds when he was stopped by police. In spite of having permission to appear at the Glapharm Stadium, Andy (aka Donny) was told it was no go.
+West Yorkshire Police said: "The situation was risk-assessed, and based on the intelligence available a decision was taken not to allow the mascot on to the pitch before the match."
+Mr Liney told the Yorkshire Post: "I got within 50 yards of the stadium when I was stopped by a Huddersfield official and told I was not going to be allowed in because of police intelligence. Then I said I would take my Donny Dog head off and sit in the stands with the rest of our fans, but they said I could only do that if I got changed.
+"The costume is an all-in-one double-lined fur suit so I don't wear anything underneath it, and I hadn't brought a change of clothes. The club offered to find me some but I didn't much want to wear someone else's clothes so I spent the game on the supporters' coach."
+Rovers' chairman John Ryan said: "I think it is an absolute scandal. I feel like reporting West Yorkshire police to the RSPCA."
+Yes, folks, Donny is in the Doghouse and the world has gone mad. It's official.
+May 02, 2006 in Football | Permalink
+|
+Diagramming Adverbs
+Posted by Neal on May 19, 2011
+Having covered the basics of diagramming verb phrases (VPs) with intransitive, transitive, and linking verbs in my last post, I’ll turn now to adverbs and adverb phrases. I’ll use an intransitive verb to keep things simple: swim. The full sentence will be She swims very well, with the adverb phrase very well modifying swims. On the right is how it looks in a Reed-Kellogg diagram. As before, the subject is to the left of the vertical divider; the predicate is to the right. Well is attached to the horizontal bar underneath swims on a diagonal line to show that it modifies it. Since very modifies well, it is shown on a diagonal line, too, which turns 90 degrees to attach to the line for well. In general, modification is shown by having items on diagonal lines underneath the things they modify, with hooked diagonal lines to show submodification.
+On the left is how we’d diagram this sentence using a tree diagram. Well, actually, it’s just a diagram of the VP swims very well, since I don’t care about teh subject right now. This is one advantage of tree diagrams over R-K diagrams, by the way. You can diagram whatever phrase you’re interested in, without committing yourself to diagramming a whole sentence, or adding material to turn it into a sentence. Anyway, let’s look at this VP from the bottom up. First off, swims the verb makes up a VP all by itself: She swims is a grammatical sentence. Moving on to the AdvP very well, notice that well is an adverb, and forms an AdvP all by itself. The adverb very is on a sister branch to the AdvP well, and together, very and well make … another AdvP. This is how modification is shown in a tree diagram: You have a node of category X, which branches into something of category M (the modifier) and something of category X again. In very well, X is AdvP, and the M category is Adv. Now look at the top node: It’s a VP. It branches into the AdvP very well, and another VP, swims. Once again, it’s the general pattern for showing modification.
+So far, so good. R-K shows modification with slanted lines; tree diagrams show it with the [X [X M]] or [X [M X]] pattern. One problem with the R-K system, though, is that all adverbs are shown modifying not an entire VP, but strictly the verb. On the simple example we’ve done, it’s no big deal, but now consider the verb phrase write badly well. In the R-K diagram, the adverbs badly and well both appear on diagonal lines under the horizontal for write. Oh, and I’ll just put in an understood you for a subject, so we’ll have a whole sentence to work with. (This is how you represent subjectless imperatives in the R-K system.) The problem is that well doesn’t modify just write. It modifies the VP write badly, which means to do a good job of (deliberately) producing bad writing. But as represented in the R-K diagram, the phrase seems to refer to an impossible activity, of writing both well and badly at the same time.
+Now here it is in a tree diagram. The entire VP branches into a smaller VP, write badly, which is modified by the AdvP well. The smaller VP write badly branches into a third VP, write, modified by the AdvP badly. This is the structure of a VP that makes sense, and as far as I know, there is no way of showing this in the R-K system. This deficiency is a reflection of the tendency of traditional grammars to focus on relations between individual parts of speech, instead of between larger chunks of syntax.
+Last, let’s consider the VP behave badly. We’ll put it in a sentence so we can diagram it R-K style, and here it is. Nothing unusual here; the adverb badly goes on the diagonal line under behaved, right? The problem here is subtle. A modifier should be something that’s optional. Take away very well from She swims very well, and you’re left with She swims. We know she swims; we just don’t know if she does it well, poorly, fast, slow, or any other way. Take away badly from this example and you’re left with She behaved. Unlike the swim example, this doesn’t mean that she behaved in some manner or other. Used this way, behave has a more specific meaning of behaving well. It’s kind of like how He drinks doesn’t mean he drinks something or other and we don’t know what, but that he drinks alcoholic beverages. This is not the behavior of a modifier; it’s more like a verbal complement, like a direct object, or a predicate nominative, or a that clause after a verb like believe.
+And why not? If NPs, AdjPs, and entire clauses can be complements to verbs, why can’t AdvPs? In fact, this could be represented pretty easily in the R-K system, by putting badly on the horizontal line after behaved, separated by a vertical line. It’s what we did with excites me in the last post, and it’s how other complements are represented, too (with the exception that the vertical line gets slanted backward for linking verbs). However, I’ve never seen this actually done in a R-K diagram, probably because R-K practitioners are used to thinking of an adverb exclusively as “a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.”
+As a tree diagram, behaved badly would look as shown on the left. Notice that the VP node on top does not divide into an AdvP for badly and another VP for behaved. The verb behaved combines directly with badly to form a VP, just like the verb excites combined with me, and is combined with awesome in the last post. (More on the verb behave in this post.) This is how a word and its complement(s) are shown in these diagrams: They are sister nodes under a mother node that’s not the same category as either of the daughter nodes.
+But wait? How do you know which daughter is the complement and which is the non-complement (i.e. “head”)? That’s for another post. The main thing here is that modification is shown by a mother and daughter node having the same label, while other relationships (such as complementation) are shown by having sister nodes under a mother node that has a different label from either daughter. And that modification is more accurately represented in tree diagrams than in R-K diagrams.
+Bobo Linq said
+Thanks for this series about sentence diagramming.
+Perhaps you could help with a related issue: Is there any elementary explanation, whether in a book or on the web, of how to do tree diagramming?
+I have wanted to diagram sentences for my work as a lawyer, and I was unable to find an introduction to tree diagramming that was comparable to the many readily-available introductions to R-K diagramming. (This differential availability of method primers may be one reason R-K diagramming lives on!)
+Glen said
+This post did a better job of explaining the superiority of tree diagrams over R-K; the last post, frankly, confused me. The “write badly well” example is nice because it shows something that R-K diagrams simply just can’t show.
+But I still find the tree diagrams confusing because of all the seemingly unnecessary branches. In the “swims very well” tree, I don’t know why you couldn’t delete a bunch of the stuff in the middle. Why not say it’s a VP consisting of a V (swims) and an AdvP (very well)? I sort of see why the AdvP needs a further split in order to show that ‘very’ modifies ‘well’, but the general principle for doing these splits is opaque to me (does ‘very’ modify ‘well’ because ‘well’ is lower in the tree?). I’m especially confused by the need for these “straight-down” branches with an intermediate node with only a single branch (as in VP – V – swims).
+Florence said
+Ditto on everything you just wrote, Glen.
+I finally got “prom” (verb transitive) out of my head :), and now these excessive branches. Please explain. Thank you!
+The Ridger said
+Transitive verb?? “Can I prom you?” Yikes!
+Florence said
+Ridger, you again?!
+Ellen K. said
+What strikes me about the two methods is that Reed-Kellogg diagrams don’t tell you much at all if you don’t know the system. Where as the tree diagrams are nicely transparent even if unfamiliar with the system.
+Florence said
+Seriously, can this be explained a little better? I have friends..other English majors..
+who can’t leave their computers til they understand this! Assured them it would be there when they returned. I mean, it’s not like we’re teaching a class today, but it gets under one’s skin if something like this should seem over OUR heads. :)
+Also, what an ice-breaker to start doing this on a napkin at a backyard picnic!
+Florence said
+Ah, after studying this repeatedly, it is my understanding of the wording…these are to be “understood.” I now know what you’re saying, these advPs and advs. Now I can go about my day.
+Christie Ward said
+How would a Reed-Kellog diagram handle “I tore the enemy limb from limb”? “I” is the subject, “tore” is the verb, “enemy” is the direct object with “the” modifying it. Then we have “limb from limb”, which is acting to modify the verb “tore”.
+Latin makes this enormously easier: “(Ego) scindebam hostem artuatim”, The subject is usually implied by the verb, but can also be “ego” (I). The verb is “scindebam” (I tore, I rended, I cut to pieces). The direct object is “hostem” (the enemy). Then we have the very helpful adverb “artuatim” (limb-from-limb).
+The Latin version is a snap to diagram, but I’m baffled by the English version.
+Christie Ward said
+I went ahead and put together my best guess, in a pic here:
+Luis Fernando Sandoval Bravo said
+can somebody help me diagramming?
+Abstract
+A new composite absorbent with multifunctional and environmental-friendly structures was prepared using chitosan, diatomite and polyvinyl alcohol as the raw materials, and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. The structure and morphology of the composite absorbent, and its adsorption properties of Hg(II) in water were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) measurements and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra. The effect of the pH value and contact time on the removal rate and absorbance of Hg(II) was discussed. The adsorption kinetic model and static adsorption isotherm and regeneration of the obtained composite absorbent were investigated. The results indicated that the removal of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent followed a rapid adsorption for 50 min, and was close to the adsorption saturation after 1 h, which is in accord with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. When the pH value, contact time and the mass of the composite absorbent was 3, 1 h and 100 mg, respectively, the removal rate of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent reached 77%, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) reached 195.7 mg g−1.
+1. Introduction
+As is known, water is one of the basic necessities required for the sustenance and continuation of life. It is, therefore, important that good quality water should be available for various activities. However, this is becoming increasingly difficult in view of large-scale pollution caused by industrial, agricultural and personal activities. These activities generate wastewater which contains many heavy metals. Although some heavy metals such as copper, selenium and zinc are essential to human life and health, they become harmful to living species when taken in excess [1]. With regard to heavy metal pollution, mercury ions are the most prominent in water pollution [2,3]. Mercury pollution is largely caused by volcanic and geothermal activity, and the deposition of atmospheric mercury has been an important source of mercury in soil and water. In recent years, wastewaters from the plastic industry, chlorine-alkali industry and electronic industry are the main sources of mercury ion pollution in water. Therefore, how to remove the mercury ions in wastewater has attracted more and more attention.
+Many types of methods have been studied for the treatment of aqueous stream contaminated with heavy metal ions, such as chemical precipitation [4–6], electro-dialysis [7], adsorption methods, and so on. Among them, the adsorption method has become the most effective, economic and accessible method. In recent years, different types of adsorbents such as polymers [8–10], amorphous silica [11–14] and clays [15–19] have been reported. However, these adsorption materials have some shortcomings, such as low mechanical and thermal stability, poor removal efficiency and high cost, therefore it is very important to develop new adsorption materials.
+Today, material science is directed towards the development of multifunctional and environmental-friendly structures. As a natural macromolecule material, chitosan has drawn particular attention as a potential effective sorbent due to its low cost and high content of active functional groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups. In this context, various chitosan–natural or synthetic polymers composites, such as natural and cross-linked chitosan [20], chemical modification of chitosan [21], chitosan/cellulose [22], chitosan/polyacrylamide [23] and chitosan/phenylthiourea resin [24], have been applied to adsorption of various heavy metals. However, they are expensive materials, with complicated processes or poor mechanical stability, which limits their application for industrial applications. Immobilizing chitosan on cheap materials, therefore, is necessary to improve the mechanical stability of adsorbents. Chitosan-coated clays, such as chitosan/bentonite [25], chitosan/montmorillonite [26], chitosan/perlite [27] and chitosan/sand [28], have been reported to remove various heavy metals from water, and the participation of cheap clays reduces the amount of chitosan needed to synthesize the composite material and improves mechanical stability of the composite material. As a clay mineral, diatomite has large surface area, a great number of channels, many active groups and negative charge. Diatomite is a cheap and environmental mineral material, and has a large adsorptive capacity and no secondary pollution. However, to the best of our knowledge, little research on composite adsorption materials based on diatomite and chitosan using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent has been reported.
+In this work, we designed and prepared a new environmentally-friendly composite absorbent based on diatomite and chitosan. Compared with the conventional composite adsorbents (CAs), this composite absorbent not only had high removal rate and adsorption capacity, but also improved the mechanical stability of the adsorbent and reduced cost. The structure and morphology of the obtained composite absorbent were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Its adsorption properties of Hg(II) in water was investigated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra. The static non-equilibrium adsorption isotherm and static equilibrium adsorption isotherm were discussed.
+2. Experimental set-up
+2.1. Material
+The raw diatomite (92.8% SiO2, 4.2% Al2O3, 1.5% Fe2O3 and other metal oxides) was purchased from Jilin Kaida Diatomite Co. Ltd. (Jilin, China). Chitosan (CS, 85% deacetylated) was purchased from Qingdao Baicheng Biochemical Co. (Qingdao, China). Glutaraldehyde (25%) was purchased from Damao Chemical Agent Company (Tijin, China). Mercurium nitrate was purchased from Guizhou Tongren Tailuier chemical plant (Guizhou, China).
+2.2. Characterization
+FT-IR spectra were measured on a PerkinElmer Spectrum One (B) spectrometer (PerkinElmer, Foster City, CA, USA). The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM, JEOL 6500F, Japan). X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were performed using a DMAX-3A Rigaku XRD powder diffractometer (Bruker, Germany) with a nickel-filtered Cu-Kα radiation at a scan rate of 0.02 s−1 in 2θ range (10°–80°). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and the pore size distribution were measured using N2 adsorption and desorption (Quadrasorb SI, Quantachrome, USA) at 77 K. The mercury ion concentration was measured by a TU-1901 dual-beam UV–Vis spectrophotometer (Beijing Purkinje General Instrument Co., Ltd., China) with a range of 450–600 nm.
+2.3. Preparation of new composite adsorbent
+The diatomite was treated with 40% sulfuric acid at a solid–liquid ratio of 1 : 4, after which the mixture was stirred at 80°C for 8 h, filtered, washed several times with distilled water and dried at 60°C for 24 h. The dried diatomite was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 450°C for 6 h, and then sealed for storage.
+In a 1000 ml three-neck flask, a mixture of 350 ml of 2% chitosan acetic acid solution, 27 ml of 10% polyvinyl alcohol solution and 3 g purified diatomite was stirred vigorously. After the mixture was maintained for 4 h at room temperature, 7.5 ml of 1% glutaraldehyde was added dropwise to the mixture and continuously stirred for 4 h. The crude product was placed in a freezer for 24 h at −18°C, and then 12 h at room temperature. The process was repeated three times. Finally, the product was placed in a diluted sodium hydroxide solution for 24 h and washed to neutral with deionized water. The cross-linking diatomite/chitosan powder CA was obtained by drying until a constant sample mass was obtained.
+2.4. Adsorption experiments
+The adsorption experiments were performed by using CA as a new adsorbent. First, the pH value of mercury nitrate solution was adjusted by adding a small amount of 0.1 M HCl or NaOH solution. Secondly, a certain amount of adsorbent was added to the mercury nitrate solution and adsorption equilibrium was obtained through stirring. Finally, the concentration of Hg(II) in water was detected with dithizone spectrophotometry.
+3. Results and discussion
+3.1. Structural characterization
+The structure of the obtained CA was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, XRD and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) measurement. The FT-IR spectrum of CA, shown in figure 1, exhibited characteristic bands at 3435, 1650 and 1108 cm−1, attributed to ─OH, ─NH2, acid amides and Si─O stretching vibration peaks, respectively. In addition, the bank appearing at 1560 cm−1 belonged to a C═N stretching vibration peak, which showed the formation of a Schiff base in CA due to the cross-linking reaction of glutaraldehyde with amino groups of chitosan.
+FT-IR spectrum of CA.
+The SEM image of CA is shown in figure 2. As can been clearly seen, the particles of chitosan were loaded on the surface of the diatomite particles. To further identify the structure of CA, XRD studies were carried out. Figure 3 shows the XRD patterns of CA powder at room temperature. Two peaks at 2θ of 20.6° and 26.4° belonged to typical SiO2 diffraction peaks, and a characteristic peak at 8.8° was attributed to a chitosan diffraction peak. This is the result of the formation of strong molecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between ─OH and ─NH2 in chitosan molecules; this cross-linking reaction makes the structure of the diatomaceous soil layer relatively stable. Specific surface area and pore structure of CA and diatomite were measured and shown in table 1. Immobilizing chitosan on diatomite blocked the channels of some of the diatomite, resulting in reduction of the pore volume and pore size of CA. However, the specific surface area of CA was larger than diatomite because chitosan was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to form some new micropores.
+SEM image of CA.
+XRD pattern of CA.
+Surface area, pore diameter and pore volume of CA and diatomite.
+3.2. Adsorption properties
+To investigate the effect of CA on the adsorption properties of Hg(II), 100 ml of standard solution of mercury ions (200 mg l−1) was added to two small beakers with 100 mg CA and 100 mg diatomite for 1 h at 20°C, respectively. Figure 4 shows the effect of CA and diatomite on the adsorption of Hg(II). The adsorptive capacity of CA for Hg(II) was more than that of the diatomite. So the efficiency of modified diatomite/chitosan CA was very high.
+Effect of CA and diatomite on the adsorption of Hg(II).
+Figure 5 shows the effect of contact time on the adsorption of Hg(II). According to figure 5, the adsorptive capacity of CA for Hg(II) increased with time. In the initial stage of adsorption, the removal rate of Hg(II) rapidly increased when the contact time was less than 45 min because ─NH2 and ─OH groups in chitosan and micropores of the diatomite surface had a double adsorption effect on Hg(II). However, after 45 min the adsorption effect slowed down, and after 60 min the removal rate showed almost no change. The results were explained as follows: as adsorption proceeded and the surface of CA tended to saturate, mercury ions could further spread inside the adsorbent, but because of the existence of diffusion resistance, the removal rate by CA of Hg(II) was obviously less than the initial surface adsorption rate.
+Effect of contact time on the adsorption of Hg(II).
+Figure 6 shows the effect of pH on the adsorption of Hg(II). It can be seen from figure 6 that CA had a relative good adsorption capacity for Hg(II) when the pH value of the solution was in the range from 1 to 5. The maximum removal rate of CA achieved 77% when the pH value was 3. When the pH value was more than 7, white flocculation appeared due to the generation of Hg(OH)2 precipitation.
+Effect of pH on the adsorption of Hg(II).
+3.3. Regeneration of adsorbent
+To confirm a reversible process and re-use of CA, an experiment was performed as follows. First, 100 mg CA was placed in 200 mg l−1 of mercury nitrate solution, adsorbed and then separated. Second, this CA was added to 50 ml of saturated EDTA solution as a desorbent, and the mixture was stirred for 3 h. Finally, the concentration of mercury ions was detected by dithizone spectrophotometry. Figure 7 shows the reuse effect of CA.
+Reuse effect of CA for the adsorption of Hg(II).
+After performing the cycle five times, the removal rate of mercury ions decreased from 79% to 62%. CA acts as an adsorbent at pH 3; in this condition, a small amount of chitosan is dissolved in solution, resulting in the loss of associated adsorbent material during the repeated cycles, which is one of the main reasons for the decrease of recyclability. The results illuminate that the adsorbents could be effectively regenerated by HNO3, indicating that CA had a better reusable performance.
+3.4. Kinetic model analysis
+In order to describe the adsorption mechanism and the speed steps of the adsorption process, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model were adopted based on the experimental data.
+The equation of the pseudo-first-order kinetic model was as follows: 3.1 where t is contact time, qe (mg g−1) and qt (mg g−1) are the adsorption capacity at equilibrium and at contact time t and k1 (min−1) represents the pseudo-order reaction rate constant.
+The equation of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was described as follows: 3.2 where k2 (g mg−1 min−1) is the pseudo-second-order reaction rate constant.
+Figure 8 shows the fitting results of the first- and second-order kinetic models. It could be seen that the adsorption of mercury ions to CA was in agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model.
+Kinetic model CA for the adsorption of Hg(II). (a) First-order kinetic model and (b) second-order kinetic model.
+As shown in table 2, the adsorption equilibrium capacity value of the first-order kinetic model was 58.32 mg g−1, while the experimental adsorption balance capacity value was 155 mg g−1. However, for the second-order kinetic model, the capacity value of adsorption equilibrium was 160.5 mg g−1, and it had only a difference of 5.5 mg g−1 from the balance capacity value. Thus, this indicated that the adsorption of mercury ions to CA was well in agreement with the second-order kinetic model.
+Pesudo-first- and second-order kinetic parameters for the adsorption of Hg(II).
+3.5. Adsorption isotherms
+The isothermal adsorption equation for metal ions is described by the Langmuir model and Freundlich model. Both can be used for physical and chemical adsorption. Their adsorption isotherm equations is described as follows: 3.3 and 3.4 where Ce (mg l−1) is the equilibrium concentration for heavy metal ions, qe (mg g−1) is the adsorption capacity, qm (mg g−1) is the maximum adsorption capacity, KF (l mg−1) and KL (l mg−1) represent the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption constant, respectively, and n is the adsorption intensity.
+Figures 9 and 10 show linear regression for the Langmuir equation Ce/qe−Ce and Freundlich equation lgqe − lgCe. According to Freundlich adsorption, KF and 1/n were obtained by the intercept and slope of the straight line of lgqe versus lgCe, respectively. The corresponding Langmuir and Freundlich parameters of CA for the adsorption of Hg(II) are shown in table 3.
+Langmuir adsorption isotherms.
+Freundlich adsorption isotherms.
+Langmuir and Freundlich parameters of CA for the adsorption of Hg(II).
+Comparing figures 9 and 10, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm can better describe the adsorption behaviour of CA towards Hg(II). The CA obtained in this study for the adsorption of Hg(II) was in the form of a monolayer adsorption.
+As shown in table 3, CA was more applicable to the Langmuir model, with the maximum adsorption capacity of CA for Hg(II) of 195.7 mg g−1.
+3.6. Comparison with other studies
+Table 4 compares the best adsorption capacity of CA with different CS composite sorbents for the removal of Hg(II) ions. It can be clearly seen in the table that the adsorption capacity of CA is higher than that of most adsorbents. In short, considering the process characteristics of this work, CA as a low-cost sorbent not only decreases the amount of chitosan needed using cheap diatomite but also has high adsorption capacity and good mechanical stability, which indicates that the CA will be a good candidate for applications in heavy metal removal from wastewater.
+Maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) values of Hg(II) ions on CA compared with other reported adsorbents in the literature.
+4. Conclusion
+In this study, a new composite absorbent was prepared by a cross-linking reaction of chitosan, diatomite and glutaraldehyde. When the pH-value, contact time and mass of the composite absorbent was 3, 1 h, and 100 mg, respectively, the removal rate of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent reached 77%. The results of the static non-equilibrium adsorption isotherm showed that the removal of Hg(II) on the composite absorbent followed a rapid adsorption for 50 min, and was close to adsorption saturation after 1 h, which followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results of the static equilibrium adsorption isotherm showed that the adsorption of Hg(II) was according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) reached 195.7 mg g−1 at the same conditions. In addition, it was found that the adsorption capacity of Hg(II) decreased little after four times re-use of the composite absorbent, which indicated that this composite absorbent had good regeneration behaviour.
+Data accessibility
+This paper has no additional data.
+Authors' contributions
+J.H. and Q.C. designed the study. Y.F. prepared all samples for analysis. Y.F., Y.H. and X.X. collected and analysed the data. Y.F. and Y.W. interpreted the results and wrote the manuscript. All authors gave final approval for publication.
+Competing interests
+The authors declare no competing interests.
+Funding
+The authors are grateful to the Science and Technology Committee of Liaoning Province (2016LD0112 and 210602342) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N160504001 and N160503001).
+Footnotes
+This article has been edited by the Royal Society of Chemistry, including the commissioning, peer review process and editorial aspects up to the point of acceptance.
+- Received August 9, 2017.
+- Accepted November 13, 2017.
+- © 2017 The Authors.
+Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
+For 70 years, the South Side National Bank at Grand and Gravois had the peculiar distinction of never having been robbed. One of the big reasons for the lucky streak is that its tellers are on the second floor. All those stairs, or the prospect of waiting for an elevator, apparently deterred aspiring stickup artists. That ended last October with a bank robbery, a fairly common event for most savings and lending institutions.
+Around the same time, a more unusual nuisance had also emerged -- the 71-year-old, nine-story bank building at one of the city's busiest intersections was attracting attention. By the count of the city's street division, 48,042 cars pass the bank every weekday. Sure, they see the imposing structure, but many probably don't know what's in it. To most, it's an isolated landmark. Across Grand, the Schweig-Engel outlet is empty, though the closing of the furniture-and-appliance business that calls itself the "King of Credit" could be argued as a good sign for the block. But there are other empty storefronts; even Pizza A-Go-Go has gone. On the upside, across Gravois Avenue, White Castle bothered to rebuild, this time with two drive-throughs.
+A bit farther north on Grand Boulevard, numerous ethnic restaurants, coffeehouses and shops had sprung up, creating a buzz of positive PR about the possibilities of city living in the South Grand district. A few blocks to the south, the long-empty Sears Building had been demolished for new houses, many pre-sold for upwards of $140,000. In December, the International Institute had moved into its remodeled headquarters nearby, providing a focus for the estimated 35,000 new immigrants who live in the city. But between the two beehives of boom, the South Side National Bank Building lay quiet, somewhat neglected.
+But then Walgreens, the drugstore company that has seldom seen a street corner it didn't like, came onto the scene. Interest expressed by Walgreens, through a developer, woke up the neighborhood. Under the proposal, Walgreens would build a new store on the corner of Grand and Gravois, and the bank would open a new branch, once the current building was demolished. South Side National Bank president Tom Teschner insists nothing was ever put in writing and that "technically" there never has been an offer involving Walgreens "on the table."
+What's on the table now is a feasibility study prompted by last fall's controversy over Walgreens' replacing the nine-story landmark. Ald. Marge Vining (D-15th) funneled $15,000 of federal block-grant money to a study to see what could be done with the bank building. The study, performed by the Siedlund Co., recommends that the seven-story tower of the building be renovated into apartments with rents ranging from $850-$1,000 for 1,063-square-foot units. Putting offices back in the tower also is proposed, but the study states that most offices want more space than each floor has. The study presents five options, each with financial analysis, each with the need for "gap financing." There's the rub.
+After accounting for investment from the developer and monies from state and federal tax credits, it looks as if the "gap" must be made up from some governmental source, most likely City Hall. Depending on the option, the gaps range from $543,140 to $1.8 million. South Side National Bank could partner with a developer and facilitate the financing. Vining thinks it's time for the bank's Teschner to look at the study and see what the bank is willing to do.
+"The ball is in his court," says Vining. "We've done the feasibility study. He has to look it over, talk to his board, and they have to come back and say what they're going to do."
+Teschner sees it a bit differently. He thinks the next move is City Hall's.
+"What I'm waiting for is to see what the interest level is of the city to provide gap financing," says Teschner. "If the interest level of the city is not to do that, then they've pretty much signed off that this doesn't work financially." A spokesman for Mayor Clarence Harmon says the mayor's office is looking into the feasibility study.
+If the city doesn't help close that gap, then Teschner plans to go ahead with the developer's plan for a shiny new Walgreens and a new, much smaller and less noticeable bank building at the corner. "It would only make sense to move forward with doing a plan that brings two new buildings to the city," Teschner says. "I would think we would get the cooperation of the city to make that happen, if that's the general plan we want to do."
+If the numbers don't add in favor of renovating the bank building, Vining says, Teschner will have a hard time getting the tower demolished. If the bank's request for demolition were turned down by the preservation board, then it would face the planning commission. If the commission said no, the case would move on to the courts. "No administration is going to give him a demolition permit, especially now that the community wants to keep the bank," says Vining. That's not to say that, after much maneuvering and suing, the building wouldn't come down. Vining, and those in the area who pushed the alderwoman to block the demolition, want to save the building.
+"If Tom Teschner wants to sell that building, he can sell it. We're not objecting to that; we're objecting to him, or anybody, tearing it down and destroying that landmark," says Vining, who is optimistic that something can be worked out with the city, although it may not be easy. "All the money is going downtown. You really have to scratch and scream to get any money in the neighborhoods."
+Vining also doesn't see why Walgreens can't adjust by moving into the current structure.
+"Walgreens has done this in Chicago. They've gone into some of these older buildings and retrofitted the building for Walgreens. They're doing that all over. But for some reason, their mindset in the city of St. Louis is, 'We're not going to do that.'" The Walgreens at Gravois and Gustine Avenue was going to be closed and relocated to the bank site, but if that move is blocked, it could further complicate the planned demolition of the Walgreens and Kmart at the Gravois Plaza site for a new Shop 'N Save, because the current Walgreens would not have a new location.
+With the feasibility study for South Side Bank in hand and conflict looming, proponents of redoing the bank tower as apartments plan a community forum on Thursday, July 20, at St. Pius V Church at South Grand and Utah. The same type of coalition-building of neighborhood forces that resulted in the public furor and apparent blockage of a Kmart at Chippewa Street and Kingshighway appears to be in the early stages with South Side National Bank.
+Teschner sees significant differences between the two situations: With regard to the Kmart impasse, the lot where the Southtown Famous-Barr used to stand has been vacant for six years. At Grand and Gravois, either the building will be renovated or, as Teschner sees it, in its place will be built a new Walgreens and a new bank building. Teschner says he wants to avoid "the community getting in an uproar," but that will take cooperation "from both sides" to accomplish.
+"If you've that cooperation, then I wouldn't think it would get ugly," says Teschner. "But there's a lot of conversation out there. When you have people stating their opinions that nothing is good unless that building stays, then they've closed their eyes to anything that could potentially move this forward in a positive light. If they want to throw up the roadblocks to say, 'We're saving this building no matter what anybody says,' then you've got a sad state of affairs."
+From the bank's viewpoint, a renovation of the bank tower into apartments would have to make economic sense. "Saving the building is an option, but everybody has to see and understand the economics of it. If the economics of it are that the city has to help or assist with what this gap financing might be, then that's their commitment to save the building, as well as our commitment to stay there and make the thing work."
+Teschner's statements are tinged with defensiveness; he says it was his intent from the beginning to include the city and the community in his plans: "What's unfortunate is, when this whole issue started, if it was South Side's intention to just not care about the building, we would have worked out a deal, worked out an arrangement, torn down the building, built what was new, and we wouldn't have had this issue other than getting the public outcry about what we did. It was my intention to include the city on this."
+In the eyes of the forces forming to save South Side, demolition would mean defeat.
+Teschner sees it differently, with either option a plus. A renovated tower would mean new apartments and a spruced-up building; demolition would mean new construction.
+"If Walgreens is building a brand-new building, and we're building a brand-new bank, and there's brand-new homes going up down the street, all of that, I think, lends support to the regrowth and stabilization of that community," Teschner says.
+Whatever the trigger, Ald. Craig Schmid (D-10th) sees the flashpoint of the bank controversy as starting a brushfire of activism spreading from the Southtown situation and the Sears demolition to other issues. "It's not just a smaller group focused in on one thing. We now have a larger coalition," says Schmid. "It's connecting; it's networking. This is what cities are all about. This is how communities operate. It used to be over the back fence. A lot of that still happens, but now you have the sophistication of Metropolis, the Internet efforts and community meetings."
+Related Links:
+Finally
+a
+Way to Get Rid of A-Fib
+Eighteen months ago, David Erdman was sure he had climbed his last mountain.
+An avid backpacker, Erdman sat down during a group hike to catch his breath
+and felt the flutter of palpitations in his chest. As others in the group
+passed him by, Erdman knew exactly what was happening to him. His heart
+was racing out of control from a malady called atrial fibrillation just
+as it had done several times before. Doctors had given Erdman medications
+to control the condition, even tried electrically shocking his heartbeats
+back into sync with a process called cardioversion. But nothing got rid
+of the condition-he kept on flipping back into "A-Fib." At age
+50, Erdman felt like an old man.
+"I thought I was going to die," he confesses. "When I
+got to the top of that mountain I said I'm never going backpacking again."
+But Erdman's cardiologist felt differently. He'd heard that electrophysiologist
+Hugh Calkins was offering a new technique to treat A-Fib at Hopkins and
+encouraged his patient to give it a try. Calkins would thread a catheter
+from Erdman's leg up to his heart and, using a high energy probe, burn
+the tissue that was causing the problem.
+Hugh Calkins likes to greet his new patients with a description of what's
+wrong with them. To those like Erdman with A-Fib, he explains that the
+electrical signal that begins each beat in their heart's atrium has gone
+awry. The culprit is muscular tissue-located in veins that connect the
+heart and lungs-that diverts the signal from its normal pathway onto off-ramps
+where it spins continuously. This causes the upper chambers to beat faster
+and faster, out of sync with the lower ventricles. By destroying the off-ramps,
+with a process called ablation in which radio-frequency energy is used
+to cauterize the area causing the problem, Calkins makes the signal stay
+on course.
+Results have been encouraging. The ablation has been able to cure 80
+percent of the patients Calkins has treated for intermittent A-Fib and
+50 percent of those with chronic A-Fib..
+There are risks. The procedure causes the pulmonary vein to narrow in
+about one in 200 patients. To reduce that possibility, Calkins now ablates
+on the outer edge of the vein. He also uses cryotherapy on some patients
+to freeze and destroy the tissue. "The procedure is ready for prime-time,"
+Calkins says. "Physicians and their patients should know about it."
+Erdman, meanwhile, hasn't experienced A-Fib in a year and currently is
+planning a six-day backpacking trip to Mt. Whitney in California's High
+Sierras.
+-Gary Logan
+[Return
+To Top]
+Brain
+Stimulation Can Give Parkinson's Patients a Life
+When banker John Kellerman's left hand shook as he carried a bag of groceries,
+his wife, a nurse practitioner, at first shrugged it off. Then, the tremor
+reappeared, and this time they both took notice. At 38, Kellerman found
+himself saddled with Parkinson's disease. His condition improved with
+medication, but declined again as the disease outran the drugs' ability
+to help.
+Eight years later, Kellerman had learned to cram his living into dwindling
+"on" times while enduring "off" ones-periods of rigidity
+and slowness and terrible difficulty moving. Worse, his "on"
+times were increasingly disrupted by drug side-effects: "The dyskinesias
+are awful and unpredictable," says Kellerman, referring to involuntary
+twisting movements-the last straw in isolating Parkinson's patients from
+society.
+Thus Kellerman became a candidate for deep brain stimulation (DBS), a
+technique the FDA approved last spring to diminish Parkinson's tremor,
+slowness and gait problems and also decrease the dyskinesia. Moreover,
+says neurosurgeon Frederick Lenz, the Hopkins specialist who's performed
+nearly 196 DBS surgeries, the technique whittles down many patients' drug
+needs: "One or two have even gone off drugs altogether."
+In DBS surgery, Lenz and his team plot a path to the right spot in patients'
+brains to stimulate-usually the subthalamic nucleus, an island of nerve
+tissue deep in the brain. Locating the nucleus is a're lesioned."
+Once patients recover from surgery, clinicians fine-tune the stimulation
+frequency, distribution and voltage.
+"DBS is by no means a cure," explains neurologist Stephen Grill,
+who assesses patients for the surgery and fine-tunes the stimulator, "but
+it returns a rich measure of patients' lives. Some say it's like turning
+the clock back 10 years on their disease."
+Kellerman, whose balance is much improved, concurs. "It's made a
+real difference in my life," he says.
+-Marjorie Centofanti
+Joy
+Yang's Powerful Flecks of Lint
+In 1995, as a postdoctoral fellow at M.I.T., Joy Yang made a fascinating
+discovery. She deleted a protein called alpha 4 integrin from mouse embryos
+and discovered that the embryos developed hemorrhaged hearts and died
+before reaching maturity. Death came, she determined, because the embryos
+were lacking the topmost layer of the heart, the epicardium, and therefore
+couldn't grow coronary vessels to circulate life-supporting blood.
+Why, Yang wondered, is alpha 4 integrin necessary to develop an epicardium?
+To find out, in 1996, when she joined Hopkins' Department of Cell Biology,
+she went right on studying the same mouse-embryo protein. Now she's come
+up with another discovery-it turns out that the alpha 4 integrin helps
+the cells destined to form the epicardium and coronary vessels attach
+to the surface of the heart.
+Yang and her lab group made their discovery by cutting out pieces of
+embryonic tissue-tiny flecks that looked like lint floating in a petri
+dish-and letting them crawl across a chamber coated with a protein called
+fibronectin that is known to bind to alpha 4 integrin. What soon became
+clear is that cells missing alpha 4 integrin had trouble attaching to
+the fibronectin. Those that did manage to stick remained huddled where
+they landed and couldn't move across the heart to form the epicardium.
+Yang knows just this much so far. Now she is pressing ahead with her
+next question: Does alpha 4 integrin continue to play a key role in helping
+the epicardium build the coronary vessels?
+And what if it does, you might ask. Would knowing this contribute anything
+to medicine? Yang is still some distance from that step. That's the way
+basic science works. But she has some ideas. People who develop congenital
+heart disease, she speculates, might have mistakes in alpha 4 integrin.
+If that were the case, understanding how the protein works certainly would
+help physicians have a better grasp of the condition-and how to deal with
+it.
+- Raj Mukhopadhyay
+The
+Neurosurgeon's a Woman
+Judy Huang breaks the stereotype about women not wanting to become neurosurgeons.
+To hear her talk, she charted a course in elementary school and rolled
+right into the OR at Johns Hopkins Bayview several decades later, scalpel
+in hand.
+"Being a woman is a non-issue," says Hopkins' first female
+attending neurosurgeon. "There are two women neurosurgery residents
+at Hopkins. Along the way, I've had fine role models who didn't care about
+my gender as long as I was good at what I did."
+Huang, who arrived here this summer, specializes in degenerative spinal
+disorders and brain tumor surgery. Her main interest, however, lies in
+performing the operation known as a carotid endarterectomy. She shares
+a philosophy with her colleague Rafael Tamargo in the usefulness of removing
+the buildup of fatty tissue in the carotids, the main arteries of the
+neck and head, to prevent a stroke.
+"And even though that surgery's short-under two hours-it's elegant.
+It's like a ballet when things go well," she explains.
+Huang has published widely on stroke and does bench research on inflammatory
+mechanisms underlying brain damage after stroke. She's also interested
+in why ruptured cerebral aneurysms are more common in women than men.
+A graduate of Brown University and of Columbia University College of
+Physicians and Surgeons, where she did her internship and residencies,
+Huang's never doubted her course: "There's nothing else I'd be happy
+doing," she says.
+A
+Driven Surgeon Moves in on the Diabetic Foot
+Lee Dellon gets his intellectual kicks from pioneering new techniques.
+Lee Dellon is back in the news. This time, it's for an unusual procedure
+he's developed to treat the most common complication of advanced diabetes-the
+agonizing tingling and numbness of the feet.
+Dellon, a 1970 graduate of the School of Medicine. has always been what
+you might call, well, driven. A plastic surgeon who maintains two practices
+on opposite sides of the country-one in Baltimore, one in Tucson-he's
+written three books and some 300 articles on everything from cleft-palate
+surgery to reconstruction of the fingertip. He also gained wide recognition
+for pain-relieving peripheral nerve surgeries-a specialty that blends
+neuro and plastic surgery. "I like developing techniques that are
+unique," Dellon says. "I enjoy that intellectual thrill. It's
+the spirit of a Hopkins education."
+For such accomplishments, plus the fact that since 1978 he's helped train
+Hopkins plastic surgery residents, Dellon received a singular nod from
+the School of Medicine. Johns Hopkins made him a full professor even though
+he's always practiced outside of Hopkins Hospital.
+Dellon's interest in restoring function to damaged nerves began back
+in his third year of medical school. About 15 years ago he began focusing
+on the diabetic foot problem. Caused by nerve compression, the condition
+feels like rubber bands wound around the toes, according to some patients.
+Many with the "neuropathy" can't sense when a bath is too hot
+or even feel the pain when they unwittingly step on a sharp object. The
+ulcerations, even huge holes, that result on the soles of their feet often
+end in amputation.
+The foot complication, Dellon knew, occurs when diabetes causes nerves
+to swell, decreasing the blood flow in tight anatomic areas. What he wasn't
+sure of at first was the exact nerves involved. Finally, he examined enough
+cases to figure out that the main compressions were at the outside of
+the knee, the top of the foot and the inside of the ankle. If he used
+a technique similar to carpal tunnel surgery, Dellon reasoned that he
+should be able to open the small canals in which the nerves travel and
+restore the blood flow.
+He tested his hypothesis on diabetic rats and monkeys, dividing the ligament
+across the tarsal tunnel nerves in their feet to open the tight area.
+When the procedure improved nerve-function and restored sensation, Dellon
+moved on to humans. Today he has operated on some 400 patients for the
+painful foot condition, and 80 percent of them no longer suffer the distress
+and numbness. People from all over the nation, in fact, now flock to Dellon's
+Institute for Peripheral Nerve Surgery for the operation or make an appointment
+with one of 98 other surgeons around the world he's trained in the technique.
+"The surgery doesn't cure anyone's metabolic neuropathy," Dellon
+makes clear. But it does relieve their symptoms. No one who's had it has
+developed a foot infection or ulcer or had a foot amputation. That's a
+pretty big step forward."
+-SC
+The
+Stroke-inducing Hole in the Heart
+Everything about repairing a PFO can be tricky, even finding it.
+The physician was puzzled. His patient, a 54-year-old Baltimore woman,
+had suffered a severe stroke and was paralyzed on the right side of her
+body. But the doctor couldn't discover what had caused the stroke. Tests
+didn't show bleeding in the brain or narrowing in her carotid neck arteries,
+the usual culprits. It took a referral to Hopkins, in fact, and an extensive
+examination to determine that the problem had been a much less-common
+but remarkably dangerous stroke-inducer, a small hole called a patent
+foramen ovale (PFO) in the septum between the upper chambers of the heart.
+All fetuses have a PFO in their developing hearts. The minuscule hole
+closes naturally in 85 percent of newborns. But in about 15 percent it
+remains open. And it can act like a time bomb. A single clot passing from
+the left to the right atrium can go straight to the brain. "Usually
+such clots are small enough that they just lodge in the lung and dissolve,"
+says pediatric cardiologist Richard Ringel. "But those that move
+into the brain and block a blood vessel cause drastic problems."
+When specialists conclude that a stroke has been caused by a PFO, there
+is only one way to make certain it doesn't happen again-and with potentially
+lethal consequences. The hole must be closed. But everything about the
+repair can be tricky, even locating the PFO with X-ray imaging. Ringel,
+a specialist in correcting congenital heart disorders in children, and
+Jon Resar, an adult cardiologist who specializes in catheter approaches,
+work together to repair these anomalies.
+To pinpoint the exact location of the PFO, the duo performs a special
+"bubble study," in which they inject agitated saline rapidly
+into the patient's vein. These show up in image studies as whirlpools
+within the blood system. Ringel asks the patient to bear down. Any PFO
+remains closed at least 90 percent, but straining causes a change of pressure
+in the two chambers and pushes the hole open. If the imaging shows the
+whirlpools passing through the septum, it's likely because of a PFO.
+Once they've found the hole, Ringel and Resar don't open the patient's
+chest to do the repair. Instead, they make one tiny incision in the leg
+and feed a catheter up to the heart's right atrium through the PFO into
+the left atrium. By inflating a balloon-which takes on an hourglass shape
+as it expands on both sides of the PFO-the physicians determine the size
+of the device they'll need to seal the hole. They then insert the umbrella-like
+sealing device, until it feels "nice and tight" against the
+septum and release it by pulling the catheter back into the right atrium.
+They deploy the identical other half of the sealing device on the other
+side of the hole, and they make sure there aren't any leaks, by injecting
+a dye. The patient is usually out of the hospital by the next day.
+"After three months the device will be covered with body tissue
+and incorporated into the wall of the heart," Ringel says. "The
+risk of clot and stroke is gone."
+With Nevada Democrats in control of the state Senate, Assembly, and executive branch, the 2019 legislative session held much promise for progressive interests and run-of-the-mill Nevadans — the kind with no ownership or lobbying interests in casinos, mining companies or payday loan outlets.
+The monkey wrench — the resignation of Senate Majority Leader Kelvin Atkinson over criminal campaign finance violations — landed early in the session with a thud that reverberated throughout Carson City. But the ripple effects would be far-reaching.
+Atkinson’s departure left the Senate in the hands of first-term Sen. Nicole Cannizzaro, a prosecutor with the Clark County District Attorney’s office. Her counterpart in the Assembly, Speaker Jason Frierson, is also a Clark County deputy district attorney.
+“I had an understanding with Kelvin,” says Assemblyman Ozzie Fumo, a defense attorney who watched many of his bills die without a hearing. “It’s after Kelvin stepped down that everything grinded to a halt.”
+“You had a Democratic, allegedly liberal session that did very little and killed major things,” says defense attorney Tom Pitaro, Fumo’s law partner.
+From issues of national importance such as the death penalty to Nevada’s budget-busting penchant for imprisoning parole and probation violators, the criminal reform agenda fell to the wayside under the leadership of two prosecutors.
+“Our tax dollars are going to fund their agenda, which is against the wishes of most people,” Fumo said. “It’s an oligarchy.”
+“They take up bills that help after you’ve served time,” Fumo said. “But the people at the beginning of the system, we’re not helping them at all. We’re patting ourselves on the back and it’s disappointing from my angle.”
+Lost in the self-congratulatory revelry is an assessment of at least 16 criminal justice reforms that failed, in some cases without even getting a hearing.
+In a citizen Legislature, where members bring their personal experience to the process of making law, did Cannizzaro’s and Frierson’s prosecutorial bent wield disproportionate influence?
+Both Cannizzaro and Frierson failed to respond to repeated attempts to reach them.
+Some lawmakers and defense attorneys contend the two leaders did the bidding of their boss, not the voters who put them in office.
+“I submitted my Bill Draft Requests six to eight months before the session. They knew about them well ahead of time,” says Fumo. “I had discussions with Chairman (Steve) Yeager about them.”
+Yeager, a former public defender, chaired the Assembly Judiciary Committee, which failed to take up many of the reform measures.
+Yeager did not respond to the Current’s request for comment.
+“You have an ostensible district attorney, that is to the right of Atilla the Hun,” Pitaro said in reference to District Attorney Steve Wolfson. “Many people thought this session would be a bold step forward with legislation for a more modern, progressive criminal justice system. It was an absolute failure.”
+“King Canute told the tide not to come in. In this case, the tide didn’t come in,” Pitaro said, comparing the district attorney’s office to the 11th century ruler who thought he could command the tides.
+“It’s a travesty of justice,” says Fumo. “Nothing is going to happen until the Defense Bar files a motion and gets things changed through court orders. The Nevada Supreme Court is going to have to be our champion.”
+Fumo decried the Legislature’s default position of forming a committee to study pressing matters, such as the death penalty and bail reform.
+“The Harvard Law Review talked about exactly what you need to do,” Fumo said. “UNLV did a white paper that talks about exactly what needs to be done. They (legislative leaders) ignored it.”
+A separate report released this week from the Council of State Governments Justice Center says 39 percent of admissions to Nevada prisons are for supervision violations and 22 percent of Nevada’s inmates are in custody for a supervision violation.
+“On any given day in Nevada, 2,852 people are incarcerated as a result of a supervision violation at an annual cost to the state of $52 million,” the report says. “Technical supervision violations account for $47 million of this total amount, and new offense supervision violations make up $5 million. These figures do not account for the substantial local costs of keeping people in jail for supervision violations.”
+Fumo’s bills would have allowed many of those defendants to remain out of prison and on house arrest. But even the savings to taxpayers didn’t hold sway, Fumo says.
+“It didn’t seem to resonate with the people who mattered,” he says. “We were worried about money for mental health, for teachers, for schools. We pay $170 a day to keep someone in custody.”
+Fumo says the defendant who skips out on court appearances is exceedingly rare. Most who miss a date do so because of an emergency.
+“Eventually, they show up,” he says. “We have 5,000 in the Clark County Detention Center waiting to go, most on first time violations. Releasing just 1,482 people, the State of Nevada would have saved $92 million a year. My house arrest bill didn’t even get a vote out of committee.”
+Defense attorney JoNell Thomas asked Judge Doug Herndon earlier this year to rule the death penalty unconstitutional in cases before him because the Legislature was in the control of prosecutors.
+A motion filed on behalf of one defendant argued “the death penalty in Nevada is ‘invalid because the legislative process … has been compromised due to prosecutorial interference and dominance in Nevada’s Legislature.’”
+Thomas’s motion claims that Wolfson, as Cannizzaro’s and Frierson’s employer, exerted improper authority over legislative leaders and “indirect authority over his subordinates” to kill debate on the death penalty.
+Wolfson did not respond to requests for comment for this story.
+Herndon denied the motion and an effort by Thomas to procure communications among legislative leaders and their employer, the District Attorney’s office. The Current has made a public records request for those communications.
+Thomas also contends prosecutors should be barred from serving in Nevada’s citizen Legislature because of the inherent conflicts.
+“The Legislature has taken on the office policy of major institutions — the police, the district attorney,” says Pitaro.
+The reforms that died
+The following criminal justice reform measures, all sponsored by Democrats or Democratically controlled legislative committees, failed in the 2019 Legislature, despite the Democratic stronghold.
+- Assembly Bill 69 would have allowed parole violators to avoid a hearing by pleading to the offense and receiving house arrest. The measure passed the Assembly 40-2. It died in the Senate Judiciary committee, which was chaired by Cannizzaro.
+- AB 109 would have granted offenders on house arrest credit for time served in the same manner as those held in custody. The measure unanimously passed the Assembly and died in Senate Judiciary.
+- AB 125 would have authorized judges to use an evidence-based risk assessment tool. It would have prevented judges from relying solely on a standardized bail schedule to set bail for defendants who have personally appeared before the magistrate. The bill passed Assembly 27-12 on party lines and died in the Senate Judiciary.
+- AB 148 would have treated stipulated agreements between defendants and the district attorney as a conditional plea agreement that is subject to acceptance by the court. The measure died on the Assembly floor.
+- AB 149 would have abolished the death penalty and reduced current death sentences to life without parole. The measure did not receive a hearing in either house.
+- AB 203 would have required that people who are arrested and are not on bail and have no record of failing to appear while on bail must be released on unsecured bond for arrests not involving an act of violence. The measure did not receive a hearing in either house.
+- AB 292 would have made misinterpreting or failing to disclose evidence a felony. The measure never got a hearing.
+- AB 315 would have automatically sealed records for eligible offenders convicted of possession of controlled substances (not for the purpose of sale) who have completed probation, re-entry programs and any other requirements. The measure was gutted in Assembly Judiciary, and died in Senate Judiciary.
+- AB 325 would have required the state to go through certain motions to increase bail for felony defendants. Additionally, the motion to modify bail must be based on new or different reasons than those previously stated. The bill was heard in Assembly Judiciary but received no vote.
+- AB 411 would have decriminalized many traffic violations. The measure passed the Assembly 36-5 and died in the Senate Committee on Growth and Infrastructure.
+- AB 420 would have repealed the existing statute allowing for the seizure, forfeiture and disposition of proceeds attributable to the commission of certain crimes. The state currently profits from its share of cash and other property seized without court order. The measure passed the Assembly 34 to 6 and was killed in Senate Judiciary.
+- AB 423 would have allowed offenders convicted of attempting to commit a category C, D or E felony to petition the court after serving the sentence to modify the conviction from a felony to a gross misdemeanor. The measure passed the Assembly 41 to 0 and died in the Senate Judiciary Committee.
+- AB 424 would have allowed offenders who committed crimes as juveniles but are convicted as adults to be eligible for parole after 20 years, regardless of the number of deaths involved in the crime. The measure passed the Assembly 33 -7 and was killed in Senate Judiciary.
+- SB 110 would have provided grants to re-entry programs designed to help newly-released prisoners acclimate to their newfound freedom. Programs such as HOPE for Prisoners are found to have higher rates of employment for former offenders and lower rates of recidivism, at significant savings to the state. The measure was referred to the Senate Finance Committee and never had a hearing.
+- SB 246 would have prohibited the imposition of a death sentence. The measure was not heard.
+- SB 353 would have required police and probation officers to record interrogations of children under the age of 15. The bill was heard but not voted on in the Senate Judiciary Committee.
+A measure sponsored by Cannizzaro, Senate Bill 242, increased protections for police by granting back pay to suspended officers under certain circumstances; requiring questioning of officers by superiors to stop under certain circumstances; prohibiting an officer’s compelled statement from being used in certain civil cases; limiting the time a law enforcement agency has to initiate an investigation of an officer’s alleged misconduct; prohibiting a law enforcement agency from reassigning an officer while he or she is under investigation; and requiring in certain circumstances that civil and administrative proceedings against police officers be dropped.
+That bill was passed by lawmakers and signed into law by Gov. Steve Sisolak.
+Where is the public outcry? When those elected officials do not represent the people they elected it is time for the public to come forward and demand change.
+typo – When those elected officials do not represent the people that elected them it is time for the public to come forward and demand change.
+The erroneous assumption made by this article and Assemblyman Fumo is people elected these officials based solely on criminal justice reform when in fact criminal justice is a very low priority of citizens. “Going into the 2018 election, the Las Vegas Review Journal listed the top priorities in Nevada. With little variation, voters surveyed nationwide list their three top concerns as health care, the economy and immigration, in that order. Nevada is no exception.” Nationwide criminal justice reform is not a high priority. It would be even lower if citizens knew the facts regarding crime rates, clearance rates, arrest rates, and conviction rates.
+Below are Nevada crime facts as per the 2017 FBI statistics. source:
+Nevada population = 2,998,039
+Nevada reported crime by victims: Violent = 16,667, Property = 78,322
+Nevada arrests: Violent = 6,506, Property = 8,946, total arrests = 112,004
+As you can see far less people are arrested for crimes reported by victims. Only 39% were arrested for violent crimes and only 11.5% for property crimes. That equates to far more law-abiding citizens being victims of crimes, many violent, than those arrested. In fact, less than 3% of the Nevada population is arrested in any given year. That is likely the reason it is a low priority for voters. Voters have a much greater likelihood of being a victim of crime than arrested for a crime. Of the 112 thousand arrested in 2017, only about 5,100 were sent to prison or about 4% according to The Nevada Department of Corrections. Does Nevada have criminal justice issue?
+While there may be room for improvement regarding jail for probation and parole violations, do not be fooled by the erroneous savings suggested by Assemblyman Fumo.
+Here is why: Assemblyman Fumo makes the assumption that for every person released the amount saved is the fully loaded cost of incarceration. Fumo states it costs $170 per day to incarcerate a person in Nevada. That number may be true. However, if the jail released 10% of all inmates, would the amount saved be the number of inmates released multiplied by $170? The answer is NO. The savings would only be a subset of $170 which is likely much closer to $10 to $15 per day which is the cost for food, medical, clothing, laundry, etc. The only way $170 is saved is if the jail is completely closed, all inmates released, all personnel terminated, and all buildings sold.
+Do not be fooled as New Jersey was regarding savings. There will be none. New Jersey reduced their jail population by about 20% since 2017 and yet their cost over the past two years increased by $200 million due to the need to hire loads of government pretrial workers, GPS costs, and other costs associated with monitoring defendants.
+It appears Assemblyman Fumo is greatly mistaken regarding savings.
+Money in locking those varmits up
+Is there any actual evidence that these individuals “killed” the bills mentioned or is this just a hit piece propelled by a bitter defense attorney who wants to be the “criminal justice reform warrior”.
+Hows philly’s homicide rate doing?
+Many feeding on the carcass of the incarcerated here beginning with the CCDC Resort & Spa whose CO’s are represented by the LVPPA and must always be in growth-mode to get the PPA’s endorsement—the most valuable and coveted in Las Vegastan! Ever look at the larder of just the LVMPD Jail Captains we’re paying for here?
+Remember that NDOC is so bad and such a horseshit entity that it remains today the only public entity in Nevada which has its own Inspector General albeit one who completely missed Ely inmate lifers getting cellphones and all the Conservation Camps getting softcore porn on Sunday nights here!
+Frierson, Cannizarro, and Yeager should all be micro-targeted for DEFEAT—-that’s for you Ozzie and Tom, THAT’s your next project gentlemen, they’ve all gotta go, PERIOD—-that’s how bad this capitulation by them really is. How did Nicole become SML and not a David Parks for instance who knows how to shepherd tough liberal bills? You guys need to stop your lawyer lizard whining, crying, hand-wringing, and bitching and get these three DESERVEDLY DEFEATED the very next that they’re up for re-election! Tell their liberal voters what two-faced liars ALL THREE of them are! You guys can’t be pussies about this either, all three should KNOW NO PEACE EVER AGAIN and should be hounded from office in a RELENTLESS campaign of informing voters just how bad that they really are!
+Dana, this is some of your very best work! We all knew this was happening as it was occurring, but to see it in print and listed as to what they actually did and did not do, really hammered it home to all of us! Very nicely done young lady!
+Jason shouldn’t even be the Speaker, he elbowed Irene and Teresa out of ascending though he lost his 2014 race, Nicole has had a terrible reputation with Black-American defendants at the CCDA office, and Steve has been riding on his wife’s coattails and I can’t name a single thing he has ever done for our AD which I split my time in. That the Lefties and Reformers didn’t anticipate this dastardly double-cross by these dog shit legislators speaks to their not being prepared for how cut-throat Carson City has always been and if they come back for 2021 and allow these three to have any political oxygen at all, then they deserve their fate!
+Social Contracts and Economic Markets pp 125-144 | Cite as
+The Firm and Its Contradictions
+Abstract
+In this chapter I attempt to show how money—capital—and its transporter—the market—have strayed into social environments in which they are not well suited, with the result that they create considerable havoc both for the economy and for the social environments in which they lodge. Money in this way adulterates social organizations by perverting the grounds of cooperative social life. By infusing organizations with competitive struggle, finance markets undermine the conditions for making social contracts. The underlying premise is not that people are corrupt and greedy, although this may be a consequence of these unprecedentedly novel arrangements. A more certain consequence has been prevailing social unease about jobs and earnings, insurance and savings, and the stability of work organizations.
+KeywordsMonetary Policy Large Firm Social Entity Internalize Capital Market Internal Labor Market
+Preview
+Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
+Notes
+- 2.Capital, Vol. 1, p. 193, pp. 537–541. The theory of surplus value has been criticized on various grounds. For example, Rosa Luxemburg (The Accumulation of Capital, 1951) faulted Marx for not clearly specifying the source of growing demand that capitalism requires for accumulation under conditions of constant or declining surplus value. On the other hand, David Harvey (The Limits to Capital. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982) indicates that growing demand can be traced to the credit system, the state, and mobile capital and labor.Google Scholar
+- 3.George J. Stiglier, The Theory of Price. New York: Macmillan Company, 1947.Google Scholar
+- 4.The Council on Economic Priorities publishes an annual listing of companies and products, along with a rating of corporate practices. See Shopping for a Better World. 3rd ed. New York: CEP, 1991.Google Scholar
+- 5.R. H. Coase’s essay, “The Nature of the Firm” was published in Economica 4 (November 1937) and is reprinted in The Firm, the Market, and the Law. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.Google Scholar
+- 6.Op. cit., p. 7; also see Douglass C. North, Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 7.Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1977.Google Scholar
+- 8.Oliver E. Williamson, Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications. New York: Free Press, 1975.Google Scholar
+- 9.Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon Press, [1944] 1957.Google Scholar
+- 10.Ibid., David Harvey, op. cit, p. 145.Google Scholar
+- 11.Karl Polanyi, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 12.Stanford M. Jacoby, Employing Bureaucracy: Managers, Unions, and the Transformation of Work in American Industry, 1900–1945. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985; Michael Useem, The Inner Circle: Large Corporations and the Rise of Business Political Activity in the US. and UK. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984; John McDermott, Corporate Society: Class, Property, and Contemporary Capitalism. Boulder: Westview Press, 1991.Google Scholar
+- 13.Recognizing the fundamental significance of the organizational form for profit making, Carnegie stated, “You can take away my steel mills, ores, railroad lines, coal, but leave me one thing and I’ll repeat my success. The one thing is organizations.” (Cited in James MacGregor Burns, The Workshop of Democracy. New York: Random House, 1985, p. 103.)Google Scholar
+- 14.Adolph Berle and Gardiner Means, The Modern Corporation and Private Property. New York: Macmillan, 1932.Google Scholar
+- 15.Neil Fligstein, The Transformation of Corporate Control. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
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+- 17.For recent summaries, see Barry Bluestone, “The Great U-Turn Revisited: Economic Restructuring, Jobs, and the Redistribution of Earnings,” pp. 7–37 in John D. Kasarda (ed.), Jobs, Earnings, and Employment Growth Policies in the United States. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.Google Scholar
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+- 21.Robert Kuttner, The Economic Illusion: False Choices Between Prosperity and Social Justice. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1984.Google Scholar
+- 22.Neil Fligstein, The Transformation of Corporate Control. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 23.Alfred P. Sloan, My Years at General Motors. New York: Doubleday, 1964.Google Scholar
+- 24.Fligstein, op. cit., p. 193.Google Scholar
+- 25.David Stark, “Rethinking Internal Labor Markets,” American Sociological Review 51 (1986): 492–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
+- 26.Fligstein, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 27.Michael T. Hannan and John Freeman, Organizational Ecology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
+- 28.Williamson, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 29.Robert M. Solow, The Labor Market as a Social Institution. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 30.Frank Levy, Dollars and Dreams: The Changing American Income Distribution. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1987.Google Scholar
+- 31.Useem, op. cit.; Mark S. Mizruchi, The Structure of Corporate Political Action. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
+- 32.Michael Burawoy, Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process under Monopoly Capitalism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.Google Scholar
+- 33.Recent accounts are described in Bryan Burrough and John Helyar, Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco. New York: Harper & Row, 1990; and Martin Mayer, The Greatest-Ever Bank Robbery: The Collapse of the Savings and Loan Industry. New York: Charles Scribner’s, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 34.Douglass North, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 35.Robert Jackall, Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
+- 36.Marshall W. Meyer and Lynne G. Zucker, Failing Organizations. Newbury Park: Sage, 1989.Google Scholar
+- 37.Fligstein, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 38.Stewart R. Clegg, Modern Organizations: Organization Studies in the Postmodern World. London: Sage, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 39.W. Halal, The New Capitalism. New York, 1986.Google Scholar
+- 40.S. Lash and J. Urry, The End of Organized Capitalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
+- 41.C. Curson (ed.), Flexible Patterns of Work. London: Institute of Personnel Management, 1986.Google Scholar
+- 42.See L. Hirschhorn, Beyond Mechanization. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1984; Michael J. Piore and Charles F. Sabel, The Second Industrial Divide: Prospects for Prosperity. New York: Basic Books, 1984; Carolyn C. Perrucci, Robert Perrucci, Dena B. Targ, and Harry R. Targ, Plant Closings: International Contexts and Social Costs. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1988. The implications for workplace safety are discussed in Tom Dwyer, Life and Death at Work. New York: Plenum Press, 1992.Google Scholar
+- 43.Robert B. Reich, The Next American Frontier. New York: Times Books, 1983.Google Scholar
+- 44.Simon Kuznets, Modern Economic Growth. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966, p. 188.Google Scholar
+- 45.David M. Gordon, Richard Edwards, and Michael Reich, Segmented Work, Divided Workers. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982; Robert Averitt, The Dual Economy: The Dynamics of American Industry Structure. New York: W. W. Norton, 1968; Richard C. Edwards, Contested Terrain. New York: Basic Books, 1979.Google Scholar
+- 46.McDermott, op. cit., p. pp; Teresa A. Sullivan, “Women and Minority Workers in the New Economy,’ Work and Occupations 16 (1989): 393–415; Michael Wallace, “Brave New Workplace,” Work and Occupations 16 (1989): 363–392.Google Scholar
+- 47.Piore and Sabel, op. cit.Google Scholar
+- 48.Robert L. Aronson, Self-Employment: A Labor Market Perspective. Ithaca: Industrial Relations Press, 1991.Google Scholar
+- 49.Ibid., pp. 112–114.Google Scholar
+- 50.Jochen Blaschke, Jeremy Boissevain, Hanneke Grotenbreg, Isaac Joseph, Mirjana Morokvasic, and Robin Ward, “European Trends in Ethnic Businesses,” pp. 79��105 in Roger Waldinger, Howard Aldrich, and Robin Ward (eds.), Ethnic Entrepreneurs. Newbury Park: Sage, 1990.Google Scholar
+- 51.See especially Jaroslav Vanek (ed.), Self-Management. Baltimore: Penguin, 1975.Google Scholar
+- 52.See Edward Skloot, “Enterprise and Commerce in Nonprofit Organizations,” pp. 380–396 in Walter W Powell (ed.), The Nonprofit Sector. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
+- 53.For example, see James R. Lincoln and Arne L. Kalleberg, Culture, Control and Commitment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
+>>oston - 19422 Blue Bell, PA - 17603 West Lancaster - 19128 - 08318 - Union County, NJ - Rosedale - 19310 Atglen - Wynnewood - Soudersburg, PA - 19144 Philadelphia, PA - Lehigh County - Paoli 19301 - 19085 Villanova, PA - Society Hill Philly - 19355 Frazer, PA - Schulykill County, PA - 19150 Philadelphia - Monroe County, PA - 19606 Reading Station, PA - 08541 , NJ - 19063 - Westtown Township, PA - Bloomsburg 17815, PA - North - Bear Creek, PA - Springfield - Thornton, PA - Athol 19519, PA - Woodbridge Township, NJ - 19380 West Bradfotrd - Sinking Springs 19608 - 19480, PA - Coatesville, PA - King Of Prussia - 19343 Glenmoore, PA - Washington Crossing, PA - 19474 Skippack - 19029 Besington - 19344 West Brandywine, PA - 19944 Fenwick Island - 17557 New Holland, PA - Cross Roads - 19082 - South East - Rocky Mountain, US - Reading - Camden County - Woodlyn , PA - 19001 Abington, PA - 19026, PA - Gradyville, PA - Main Line - Newtown Square 19073 - Pike Creek - Atlantic City, NJ - 19360 New London Township, PA - 19456 Oaks - New Brunswick - 19374 Toughkenamon, PA - Glenolden Pa - 19354 Lyndell, PA - Philadelphia, PA - 19301, PA - Morris County, NJ - 19555 Shoemakersville - Baltimore - Pottsville, PA - 19310 Atglen, PA - Harrisburg - Fullerton - West Goshen, PA - 19442 Kimberton - Reading, PA - Berwynn - 17543 - 19464 Pottstown, PA - 19358 Modena - 19503 Bally - 19010, PA - King of Prussia - East Prospect, PA - Cheryville - 19714 Newark, DE - 19096 - Delaware County - New Baltimore - Essex - Malvern - 19138 Philadelphia, PA - 19018 Primos, PA - 08542 - Savannah, GA - 19063 Media, PA - Mid Atlantic - 19371 Steelville - 18940 - Bethlehem 18015, PA - Camden, NJ - 19504 Barto, PA - Cheyney - Kennet Square - 19428 Conshohocken, PA - Potts Grove 17865 - 19003 Ardmore - 19118 Chestnut Hill , PA - Westport 06880 - Shiloh, PA - Pocono Manor 18349 - Lancaster County, PA - 19354 Lyndell - Chester, PA - Atlantic County, NJ - Middletown - kirkwood 19708, DE - East York, PA - 19375, PA - Claymont 19703 - Felton, PA - 17505 Bird in Hand, PA - Beaver 15009, PA - 19481, PA - 16835 Unionville - New Jersey, NJ - 19017 Chester Heights - Darby - 19311 Avondale, PA - Pittsburgh - Susquehanna Trails - Arbutus, MD - Immaculata - 19014 Chester - 19082 - Centre County, PA - Red Lion - 19468 Royersford - Bensalem 19020, PA - East Norriton, PA - Phillipsburg - Kent County, DE - York - 19031 Flourtown, PA - Carbon County, PA - Short Hills 07078, NJ - 19373 Concordville - Pocopson 19366 - Pottsville, PA - 19424 Blue Bell , PA - 19426 Collegeville - Emigsmille - Lancaster County, PA - Summit 07901 - 19376 Wagontown, PA - Princeton, NJ - Philadelpia County, PA - Elizabeth - Harrisburg - West Chester 19383, PA - 18940 Newton, PA - South - 19115 Philadelphia - 19475 Spring City, PA - Pleasantville 16341, PA - Exton 19341, PA - 19113 Lester - Erie, PA - Maple Grove Park 19540 - Coatesville, PA - 19018 Secane, PA - Chester County - 19312 Berwyn, PA - 19006 Huntingdon Valley, PA - 19382 - 19335, PA - Lenni, PA - Bergen County - 19376 Wagontown, PA - Susquehanna County - Middlesex County, NJ - Cherry Hill - Unionville, PA - 19066 Merion Station - Sewell - Maryland - 19079 Sharon Hill - West Chester University, PA - 19070 Morton - Wilmington - Pottstown 19465 - 19151, PA - Pocono Lake 18347, PA - Berks County, PA - Lakewood Township, NJ - Wexford, PA - 19031 Swathmore, PA - Painters Crossroads, PA - Germantown - Lancaster, PA - Manville, NJ - 17042 - Drexel Hill - Dillsburg, PA - 19367 Parkesburg - Phoenixville - Harrington 19952 - East Stroudesburg - 19064 Spingfield - Camden County - Lehigh County - Lebanon County, PA - Mid West - Bensalem - East Whiteland Township, PA - 19114 Philadelphia - Little Rock - 19335 Downingtown, pa - 08037 - Bucks County, PA - 19421 Birchunville - 19480 Uwchland, PA - Richboro - Delta - Uwchlan Township, PA - 19372 Downingtown, PA - 18951 Quakertown, PA - Merion - 08034 Cherry Hill , NJ Web Design - West Chester - Montchanin 19710 , DE - North York, PA - 19520 Bulltown - Suplee, PA - 19002 Ambler, PA - 19807 Greenville, DE - Oxford, PA - Parkville, PA - Edison, NJ - West Chester University - Dundalk - 19344 Honey Brook, PA - Sharon Hill, PA - Bradford Woods - 19898 Wilmington, DE - west grove, PA - Silver Spring, MD - Rockville - Lochearn, MD - 19426 - Muhlenburg Park 19605, PA - Annapolis - Glen Burnie, MD - 19520 - Dover - Newark, DE - Newark - West Coast - Erie, PA - 17022 Aberdeen, PA - Doylestown 18901, PA - Philadelphia County, PA - Georgetown, DE - West Whiteland Township - 19966 - 17566 Quarryville - Collingswood, NJ - Chester Springs - 19074 - Montgomery County - Overlea, MD - 19035 Gladwyne - Dresher - Hanover - 19473 Schwenksville, PA - 19482 - Downingtown - Frederick , MD - 19106 - Philly, PA - Chadds Ford - Saint Georges 19733 - Glassboro, NJ - Pennslyvania, PA - Port Penn 19731 - 17601 Neffsville - Carlisle, PA - 19407 Audobon - Allentown, PA - Alleghenyville 19540 - 19078 - Glen Rock - Franklin Lakes 07417, NJ - Pompton Lakes - 19320 - Levittown - Lionville - Pottstown - 19475, PA - 08544, NJ - Hockessin 19707 - Wayne - Toms River - 19348 - 19050 Lansdowne, PA - Columbia, MD - 19331 - 19520 Pine Swamp, PA - 19353 , PA - Lincoln Park, NJ - 19735 Winterthur, DE - Sussex County, DE - 19333 Devon, PA - Haddonfield, NJ - York County, PA - Hagerstown, MD - Pospect Park 19076 - 19018 Clifton Heights - 19116 Philadelphia - 19072 Narbeth, PA - Hazelton, PA - Saddle River 07458, NJ - Bucks County - Ocean County, NJ - Perkville, MD - 19014 Aston, PA - 19977 Smyrna, DE - Milford, DE - 19460 Phoenixville, PA - Rosemont, PA - 19405 Bridgeport - Calverton - 19355 Malvern, PA - 19008 - 08543 - Yardley, PA - 19446 Upper Gwynedd - 19732 Rockland , DE - Seaford, DE - 19127 Philadelphia - Devon - Hudson County - 19365 Sadsburyville - Broomal, PA - West Norriton - Jersey City 07399, nj - Concordville , PA - Scranton, PA - 19477 Spring House - Norristown 19403 - Elsmere - Paradise - Ardmore, PA - Arlington , Va - Bangor 18013, PA - 19014 Aston - Lyndell, PA - Bedford 15522 - City Line Philly, PA - Pennsauken - Little Creek 19961, DE - 19352 Lincoln University - Chambersburg - Edgemoor, PA - Media, PA - Ewing, NJ - Lincoln 19960 - 19087 Wayne - Pikesville, MD - 19380, PA - Smyrna, DE - 19013, PA - 19004 Bala Cynwyd - Eddystone 19022, PA - Upper St. Clair, PA - Lima, pa - 19496 The Vanguard Group, PA - Middlesex County, NJ - 19484 Valley Forge - Dallastown - Adams County, PA - 19136 Philadelphia, PA - Alsace Manor 19560 - 19512 Boyertwon - Mercer County, NJ - Exton, PA - Emmaus, PA - Towson - New Castle County - 19425 - 19496 The Vanguard Group, PA - 19085 - Dauphin County, PA - Trenton - Thorndale, PA - Glen Mills, PA -
+|<<
+Has anyone ever looked at one of your images and asked, "Is that the way it really looked?" Do you think anyone ever asked Ansel Adams that? The truth is, great photographers understand that it's impossible to duplicate human vision with a camera and plan their images accordingly without feeling frustrated by the inability to duplicate the color, contrast or depth their eyes see.
+Today's digital cameras offer far more features than ever, but the fundamental reality hasn't changed: A camera "sees" the world differently than we do. Rather than problems to overcome, the differences provide opportunities to be creative: Limited dynamic range and focus depth allow you to hide distractions and emphasize your subject; the camera's rectangular confined boundary is nothing like our boundless and multisensory world, but using careful positioning of elements relative to the frame's border, a skillful photographer dictates the viewers' experience; while a camera can't reproduce the same motion and depth of the human experience, it can convey motion and depth in its own compelling way; and your camera's ability to accumulate light penetrates darkness in ways we humans can only dream of.
+Much of Ansel Adams' greatness stemmed from his ability to use his camera's vision to reveal nature in ways entirely different from, but no less emotionally evocative than, being there. And Adams didn't use his darkroom to force images to be more like his vision; he used it to maximize his camera's unique vision.
+Dynamic Range
+While the human eye's dynamic range is at least 12 stops (and potentially much more, depending how the eye's light-capturing capability is measured), the camera's effective dynamic range is around six stops (more is possible, but stretching much beyond six stops in a single frame usually compromises image quality). Capturing the range of light our eyes register requires capture tools like a graduated neutral-density filter or some form of high-dynamic-range (HDR) blending of multiple images in postprocessing.
+These are great tools when the entire scene is worth capturing, but when a scene contains distractions, or when you want to emphasize a single aspect of the landscape, the camera's limited dynamic range is an advantage. Rather than automatically "correcting" dynamic range with a graduated neutral-density filter or HDR blend, consider making the shadows black to erase distractions and highlighting your subject's shape with a silhouette.
+Figure 1. To capture this crescent moon rising above Yosemite Valley, one option would have been an HDR blend that would have revealed everything from the blue of the pre-sunrise sky to the rocks and trees in the foreground. But the beauty of this moment was simply the sky's deep blue, the moon's delicate shape and the strong outline of El Capitan and Half Dome—rocks and trees in the foreground would have been a distraction. In this case, I spot-metered on the brightest part of the sky and underexposed a little to emphasize the moon's graceful curve and silhouette El Capitan and Half Dome against the twilight blue sky.
+Using Lightroom's raw processor, I cooled the color temperature for a night feel, nudged the Blacks slider a little darker to ensure that the silhouetted outline of El Capitan and Half Dome was etched in absolute black, then applied light noise reduction in Photoshop.
+Silhouettes aren't your only high-contrast option. Slightly underexposing brightly backlit flowers or leaves will emphasize their color, shape and detail against a background of rich-black shadows. And metering backlit flowers and leaves against a bright sky contrasts the subject's saturated tones against a high-key background.
+Figure 2. Everything that's white in this poppy image was a boring, pale-blue sky to my eyes; the poppy was a washed-out yellow. Shooting from beneath to put the sun behind the poppy, I used a small aperture to turn the tiny point of visible sun into a sunburst. I spot-metered on the brightest part of the poppy, slightly underexposing to bring out the flower's natural color. The camera's inability to deal with the incredible dynamic range transformed the unappealing sky into a brilliant complementary white background. In Photoshop, a couple of clicks with the Healing brush eliminated distracting lens flare.
+Focus Depth
+Our eyes change focus without conscious thought, adjusting instantly to reveal sharp detail from near to far. But the focus range in a photograph is fixed at the instant of capture. To compensate and maximize depth of field, we usually stop down to a small aperture. But a small aperture increases the potential for motion blur and adds resolution-robbing diffraction. Increased depth of field also risks sharpening background detail to the point of distraction.
+Other options to increase depth of field include tilt/shift lenses or postprocessing blending of multiple images with a range of near-to-far focus points. But like limited dynamic range, a narrow range of focus is a powerful way to emphasize the essence of a subject and eliminate distractions.
+Figure 3. Sprawled just inches from this pair of poppies, my eyes registered everything from nearby weeds to scruffy brush and rocks on the poppy-saturated hillside in the background in sharp focus. But I was only interested in the color and shape of the two poppies right in front of me—all other detail was extraneous.
+To minimize depth of field, I opened my 100mm macro lens to ƒ/2.8, adding an extension tube to focus even closer. Positioning myself with the most dense, poppy-laden part of the hill behind my subjects, I carefully focused on the delicate leading edge of the closest poppy. With such a shallow depth of field, the background poppies blended into a complementary blur of color that completely eliminated all distractions.
+Photoshop processing for this image was limited to a minor crop for balance and a little wiggle to the curves graph to bump the contrast.
+Confined Boundary
+We humans experience the world in its entirety, using multiple senses before zeroing in on the aspects of a scene that most appeal to us. It's impossible to re-create this experience in a photograph; attempts to include everything, no matter how beautiful the scene might be, often create a confusing mess, and the more stuff we include, the smaller our subjects become. Rather than battle the rectangular box confining your camera's view, use the frame's boundaries to simplify and focus your viewer's experience of an otherwise complex scene.
+When confronted with a busy scene, remind yourself that you're creating a virtual world fully contained within boundaries you control. Try to isolate a relationship, compelling pattern or single element that otherwise might be missed in the confusion of nearby objects, framing your scene so the image's border holds and guides the eye, excludes distractions and emphasizes your subject.
+Figure 4. I found this colorful leaf, just one of thousands decorating the cascades beneath Yosemite's Bridalveil Fall, plastered to a wet granite boulder. To my eye, the entire leaf-covered scene was beautiful, but knowing my camera couldn't convey the entirety of my experience, I zoomed close for an intimate portrait that eliminated anything that could have distracted from the solitary clinging leaf. The leaf's position in the frame (and, therefore, my control of the viewer's experience) was entirely a function of my position, focal length and the direction of my lens.
+In Lightroom, I warmed the temperature enough to remove a shady-blue cast and refined the composition with a slight crop. In Photoshop, I eliminated minor noise in the shadows.
+The Missing Dimension
+An often ignored limitation of photography is the impossibility of rendering a three-dimensional world in a two-dimensional medium. Most photographers can compose the left/right and up/down aspects of a scene because it's similar to their experience, but compositions that don't account for the camera's inherently flat perspective lack the illusion of depth that brings them to life.
+Conveying depth requires visual organization beyond the primary subject or scene: When the primary subject is in the distance, foreground objects add the illusion of depth; when the subject is close, the illusion of depth is enhanced by a complementary background that provides context (location or conditions) for the primary foreground subject. But simply including front-to-back elements isn't enough. The most frequent cause of lost depth is the merging of foreground and background objects. The more each element stands by itself without overlaying elements at different depths, the greater the illusion of depth in an image.
+It's easy to get so mesmerized by the beauty of a scene that you fail to capitalize on all the possibilities for adding depth. But no matter how spectacular the moment, I find something for my foreground.
+Figure 5. On this fall evening, I was fortunate to be on Sentinel Dome shortly after a rain shower had turned natural indentations in the granite into small, reflective pools, and it was clear the sunset behind Half Dome would be special. Positioning myself so the foreground pools aligned with Half Dome, I dropped low to catch the red reflection, but not so low that the top of Sentinel Dome merged with the base of Half Dome.
+A graduated ND filter held the color in the sky; with Photoshop's Dodge and Burn tools I was able to eliminate the graduated ND transition. The red was so vivid that I actually had to desaturate it a little.
+Accumulate Light
+Of course, the camera does things the eye can't. Foremost among these is its ability to accumulate light, which reveals scenes otherwise obscured by darkness. Current digital cameras' ability to gather light with minimal noise opens the door to moonlight and light-painting images that were difficult to impossible with film. And while film shooters had to contend with reciprocity failure (light sensitivity that declined with exposure and required cumbersome calculations for accurate long exposures), digital cameras handle exposure linearly.
+Figure 6. A moonbow is one example of the camera's ability to reveal a world the human eye misses. To my eye, the moonbow shimmering beneath the Big Dipper was a glowing silver arc at the base of Lower Yosemite Fall, but my camera's light-gathering capability brightened the scene enough to reveal it in living color.
+In Lightroom, I cooled the color temperature for a more night-like feel. In Photoshop, I lightly dodged the shadows to bring out just a little detail. A noise reduction plug-in cleaned up the sky and shadows.
+Another often overlooked photo opportunity is the sweet light 20 to 30 minutes before sunrise and after sunset, when many photographers, perceiving the scene too dark to photograph, are casually setting up or packing away their gear. But when the sun is just a little below the horizon, the sky in the opposite direction often acquires a rich pink that transitions to steely blue, and the entire world is wonderfully shadow-free. Dark to the eye, 10- or 20-second exposures capture these soft pastels and reveal full detail beneath a gorgeous sky.
+Figure 7. After photographing a beautiful sunset from the cliffs behind Yosemite's Tunnel View, I heard car doors slamming and engines starting in the parking lot below. But I was in no rush and was soon rewarded with clouds floating in Yosemite Valley beneath a sky of pink and blue pastels. Despite the darkness, long exposures in amazingly easy (low-contrast) light revealed a world my eyes missed.
+Shooting in RAW mode enabled me to cool the color temperature in Lightroom for a more natural twilight feel. Photoshop noise reduction cleaned up the shadows beautifully, and a few strokes with Photoshop's Dodge and Burn brushes brought out detail in the clouds and sky.
+Transcend The Literal
+Believe it or not, accepting the impossibility of duplicating human vision is empowering. While literal reproduction of the world is the goal of many photographic forms, artistic nature photography depends largely on the ability to transcend the literal through the creative use of the camera's unique vision. To film photographers, artistic application of the camera's vision was an organic component of the photographic process. But many digital photographers with limited film experience miss artistic opportunities when they use digital processing to simply overpower their camera's vision.
+Combining the camera's vision with the power and convenience of the digital darkroom enables an artistic synergy that would have thrilled Ansel Adams. Rather than attempt to force your camera to do things it can't possibly do, apply your creativity in the camera, and make your computer become the essential tool for enabling that creativity.
+Gary Hart has photographed California's natural beauty for more than 30 years. See more of his photography and learn about his workshops at.
+21 Comments
+Ask any professional photographer who shoots Velvia-50, and he (or she) will tell you that a 6 x 7 cm, 4 x 5″ (heck, even 35 mm) color transparency slide that is properly exposed with all pre-shutter tools available to him (or her) – when projected on a screen – will vastly outclass any Photoshopped or Light Room-shopped DSRL image at any time of the day. When it comes to capturing what the human eye wants to capture, especially for still life and landscapes, there is no comparison. Film will always win.
+“If you’re still using film, you’re a dinosaur and don’t know it.”
+~ Art Wolfe
+Great article thanks!
+Joe, Art Wolfe, whatever, if you’re not using film, then you’re an amateur, and your work is already inferior to film photographers who shoot Velvia on medium format and large format, like I do, and you unfortunately don’t know it. Sorry.
+Most ps images are way over saturated and look nothing like real life.
+Commented from android phone
+If you are not using daguerreotype, er, film, you are an amateur. How pompous can you get.
+One of the biggest tinkerers with new technology was Ansel Adams. If you don’t believe it, read his biography.
+I shoot large and medium format film and digitals. I don’t see one having any real distinct advantage over the other. I can easily get 200-500meg images off film and I can get some real dynamic range out of digital. I do agree that generally speaking most digital only shooters who have not shot film tend to not understand things like depth of field, Zones, Scheinflug. But on the other hand they may not need to. The ultimate goal of photographers should always be to understand their gear so well they can look past it and get the shot they want.
+Jeez, stop being so rude you guys. Anyway, that was a great article – I always have that problem when I shoot and the image I get isn’t what I saw originally – Thanks you’re really great. 🙂
+andy, one might argue that Ansel Adams went way too far dodging and burning his prints resulting in an image that looked nothing like “real life”. So what. If the artist is pleased with his/her work than the critical opinions of others doesn’t matter to them.
+Some photographers prefer “as close to real as possible” – wonderful! Others work an image until it reflects “what they felt” – terrific! There’s room for everyone.
+Dinosaur or not, professional film (especially Velvia) beats digital any day, any where, under any circumstance. I agree with Rick.
+Stephanie
+Wow, I will have to disagree with the comments made here about film. I shot hundreds of sheets of Velvia with my 4×5 before going digital nearly 10 years ago.
+While I do not deny that wonderful images can be created with film, and especially with large format, it really can’t compete with an image shot with a top of the line DSLR like the D800 and processed in Lightroom 4.
+I do have lots of experience with both mediums, so I know what I am talking about. Ok, if you do a drum scan of 4×5 and then process that in LR to bring out the shadows, bring down the highlights and whatever else the image needs, you can get an image very close to a digital capture, but is that film anymore… ?
+Wow, Rick! Crass and arrogant! Nicely done. However right you are, you are an ass. Learn to be nice.
+Art Wolfe: several published books, acclaimed photographer, established television production on PBS, successful photography instructor…(ad nauseum)
+Rick: Kodak velvia enthusiast, not so clever retort artist, (ad-not so much) = dinosaur.
+Sorry Rick, even die hard film enthusiasts saw the comet coming…
+I love shooting film. For years, I carried a 35mm film camera, along with a couple of digital ones. Different circumstances dictate different equipment. Now I have a Canon dslr, which I love. Granted, there are things you can do with film which you cannot do with digital, and vice versa, but finding film and getting processing done has become difficult and expensive for amateurs.
+I guess it comes to, “We’re all judges”. And an image and how it is seen will depend on just that to each of us. Learn from each comment to suit yourself and your style.
+wow inspires me to go back to Yosemite.
+Rick, you said, “if you’re not using film, then you’re an amateur, and your work is already inferior to film photographers who shoot Velvia on medium format and large format, like I do…”. So, unless a photographer is like you, they are an amateur. Interesting. I remember conversations similar to this years ago when 35mm was in its prime, only the debate raged regarding medium/large format vs. 35mm. I said then and say it still, it is all about the image and its intended use. If you are right Rick, then there are a lot of “amateurs” working daily and earning income producing images, truly brilliant images on medium other than that which you prescribe as being essential for anything other than “amateur”. And, let’s be honest, we have all seen inferior images coming from medium or large format medium. Come on, no one is the arbitor of these things. There is room within photography for a variety of medium. Don’t be so pompus. And to OP, great article.
+Yeah, whatever, Stephanie. There are numerous circumstances in which you simply don’t get a shot at all with Velvia, the first one coming to mind being a low ambient light, no flash situation; the current flagship DSLRs offer astounding performance at higher ISOs, which at least allows a photo. Velvia gives you nothing in that case.
+I’m not saying film is worthless, but your statement is just… wrong.
+Thank you for the wonderful article and advice. I often struggle with the challenge of “Do I make it what I saw or do I make it what makes me feel proud of the image.” I have since learned and your article reenforced, “Do what feels right to make the image you wanted to present.” I only shoot digital as shooting film is way to cost prohibitive for me. I adjust my images as necessary to make them pleasing to me and the audience I am working for. Thanks again for the great article and the trip down memory lane to Yosemite. 🙂
+I’m going for a hike. Film or pixels? Maybe neither.
+Rebel xti shooting stills at the 85 end of the 17-85 zoom:
+life is short. walk, walk and shoot.
+Great debate! Myself, I have used digital and film, but I find film to give me the results I want. And that is the point of it all, What formate works best for me or you. I think there is room for both formats. To say one is a dinosaur is wrong, its just a personal preference. The biggest fear I see is manufactures not providing film formate, which would be a huge mistake. I see digital to be good and bad for the industry, and as a photographer I don’t want to be limited. With the new digital cameras and lenses, I find them very limiting for ME, as far as taking control of the camera and the controls in a direct manner. Id like to see a fully manual digital professional camera and lens. Film guys, keep fighting.
+|
+mckinnon family :: adam, abbie, olivia & violet
+Tuesday, February 23, 2010
+speed blogging
+first sunday at church....
+sleepy girl
+a favorite book....(notice the crossed legs)
+where does the time go? i could cry. no really.
+Posted by
+abbie
+at
+2:45 PM
+9 comments:
+Wednesday, February 17, 2010
+ROAR
+i feel like this feisty outfit is most appropriate for our little monster baby. everyone always told me i would not get lucky twice. apparently they were/are right. olivia was basically a dream baby. she just did whatever little schedule i thought she should do and slept through the night like a champ in no time. she still loves her naps and bedtime and never gives me any problem about going down... although recently, sometimes i hear her playing in her bed for like an hour after i put her down, even though i know she's tired? whatever.
+anyway, this cute little beast has cried more already than olivia probably did in her first 4 months of life. she goes from 0 to 60 in like 1 second too, so i'm always hurrying to get her quiet so that it doesn't set olivia off, or wake her up, if it's late at night. violet is definitely testing my patience but it IS dying down a little bit... she is starting to look a lot different too, now that she has gained a couple pounds. her eyes are still SO dark though. we can't tell if they'll be brown or green. definitely no baby blues like olivia. maybe violet will get the mckinnon curls then, since at this point, olivia's hair could not be straighter and thicker and more lion's mane-ish. i've been keeping it down the past few days (i normally pull it back because it makes me crazy when it's in her face) because i seriously think it acts like a little beanie and keeps her ears warm in the cold! when violet's gets wet, it does get a little frizzy curl action happening, but i would think it's too early to tell. who knows.
+anyway, happy one month (on saturday) birthday little baby sister! how about we get a little more sleep during month #2 mmmmmkay??
+Posted by
+abbie
+at
+5:26 PM
+4 comments:
+Monday, February 15, 2010
+update
+thanks for all of the comments on the wheat allergy! first and foremost, let it be known that i was wrong about olivia not being able to have her beloved white cheddar cheetos (all natural, so they're healthy...right?). thanks to my aunt jill's comment, little lady was surprised by a delicious, long-lost snack that day! hilarious. we have also had spaghetti with rice pasta (thanks shannon) and have been scouring the internet to check out all your suggestions. who knew i had such allergy-savvy friends??!
+anyway, i seriously cannot even think about how or what to blog to catch you people up on our lives. for now, here's a pic of what we seem to be enduring a lot of lately.
+you can't really tell, but violet is totally screaming in this picture too. pure chaos. long story short- olivia does not like violet at all and gets particularly upset when violet cries. at first, i think it was just that it kind of scared her/made her nervous. now, she knows that violet crying means that i will probably be picking her up, which she does NOT like. so, whenever she hears violet cry, she drops what she is doing and runs to me. i guess she figures if she can hurry and take the spot in my lap, then the lame-0 baby can't have me! she's also tried to shove violet off my lap on those occasions that she has not gotten to me in time. such is life with a 19 month old and an almost 1 month old, right? i will say that it has gotten a little better, and now her crying is more short-lived and probably totally fake. but it still makes me feel so bad!
+anywho, i'll get around to posting some better pictures once i actually take some. i'm totally being a classic mom of 2 and taking NO pictures of baby violet. i have about 14 million pictures from olivia's first month of life, so i think i have some catching up to do...until then...later skaters.
+Posted by
+abbie
+at
+3:38 PM
+4 comments:
+Wednesday, February 3, 2010
+dr. mom
+so before i make my plea for help and ask any of my 5 readers if you have any good tips on eating wheat free, let me share how we made this little discovery 18 months in to olivia's life. i may or may not be feeling inclined to brag about my instinct to investigate this problem and it definitely reaffirmed the idea in my mind that doctors are awesome and i particularly love our good ones that we seem lucky enough to have, but it's just not reasonable to think that their brains are little crystal balls that are 100% on point all the time. and we can't necessarily expect that of them either, in my opinion. that's when crazy moms like me have to get to work on google and let the diagnosing begin! ha. not really. but you get the idea.
+anyway- over the past few months, some of you may have heard me joke/complain about the serious 'tude olivia has developed. granted lots of times it's probably really just been toddler attitude at its finest, but a lot of times it almost seemed like it was something else. like she didn't feel good or something so she was being grumpy. yet aside from the occasional ear infection, etc., she was fine. she would sometimes have noticeable stomach issues, but i didn't think much of it. she was also extremely lethargic a lot of days. she's always been an awesome sleeper and was/is sleeping 12 or 13 hours a night plus at least a 2 hour nap during the day. this gives no reason for her to want to lay around with her blankie an hour after waking up. and, last, her eczema came back (she had it pretty bad as a baby but it was only on her face and it just disappeared around 9 months, i think), but only on her body and in weird rough patches that looked more "allergy-ish," if that's possible.
+SO- after some google-mania, i decided maybe her symptoms were indicating that she could have an iron deficiency. i told the pediatrician about these symptoms and she agreed we might as well test her. came back negative. back to google. found out that anemia symptoms can also be symptoms of food allergies, particularly wheat or even full blown gluten. super. made an appointment with an allergist that i luckily did not need a referral for because adam's work has bomb insurance. so i felt like i was cheating on our pediatrician, but i took her in.
+we go to the allergy appointment and they test her for the "big ones" which are soy, peanuts, wheat, egg, egg whites and dairy i think. to my surprise yet almost relief, the wheat spot blew up to what looked like a big bug bite and the other ones just stayed little dots. not that i wanted something to be wrong, but i almost felt relieved that i didn't go through all this trouble and go to this appointment 7 days after a c-section (with my mom in tow, of course) for nothing. the doctor then went on to explain how these allergens attack the lining in the stomach and something about antibodies blah blah i don't really even remember. but we left with a big green folder of how to deal with this ridiculousness and the hope that she will grow out of it in as short as a year or as long as 6 years. or maybe not at all. no way to tell at this point, he said. and i guess the reason it's really only showing itself now is because only in the last couple months has she really developed an adult like diet. before that, around 1 year and younger, she was eating very basic babyish foods and jarred baby food. and before that, formula. so it wouldn't really be of significance back then...or something.
+that was kind of long and more like a journal entry for me i guess, but does anyone have any products they like that are wheat-free? i am finding that the biggest struggles are dinner options and on-the-go snack options. she is kind of a picky eater these days anyway, so i seriously feel like this is all she eats:
+any and all fruit (does this make up for the fact that she hardly eats any veggies?)
+yogurt
+popcorn
+regular corn
+hot dogs (though she is known to refuse them regularly too)
+wheat free chicken nuggets
+wheat free waffles
+dora fruit snacks
+she'll eat soups or chili or stuff like that too but since pasta is out it makes that hard too now.
+the fact that bread and any cracker-ish type snack have been eliminated from her diet has really put a damper on things so i'm looking for some ideas. there is a allergen free bakery like 15 minutes from our house so i may go check it out and see if the loaf of bread for $6.99 and the 1 dozen hawaiian rolls for $4.99 (they did look delish) are worth a purchase.
+i think the poor baby will be most sad to lose out on her favorite snack.....
+we still have a half-full bag in the pantry... guess i better throw them away. or just eat them myself.
+Posted by
+abbie
+at
+7:53 PM
+16 comments:
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+Questions For British Readers
+By Guerra
+I’m also curious as to what the British readers think about the following occurrences:
+Do you see the above mentioned occurrences as normal or abnormal? If you do consider these events highly irregular have you voiced your concerns in Britain or have you remained silent?
+When I first heard the news that a young English girl had been abducted in Portugal, I felt anxiety about the girl’s well being, sadness because of the parent’s plight, and troubled that such a tragedy had occurred in Portugal. I watched as Mr. McCann, with his wife by his side, read from a sheet of paper making an appeal for their daughter’s safe return. I didn’t follow the case that closely at the time. I do remember seeing the Pope embracing the couple’s hands. I also remember watching, in mid June of 2007, a reporter say to Mr. McCann: “You realize in cases such as these, the parents are always suspects”. Mr. Mcann had replied that he expected that he and his wife would be investigated and if that weren’t the case then the police wouldn’t be doing a proper job. He said that both he and his wife were prepared to answer all questions posed to them by the police.
+Towards the end of August I started to hear rumors that the McCanns were not what they appeared to be. I can’t say that I was surprised since in the recent past I had seen a mother in the States weep bitterly as she asked for her kids to be returned, only to see the police later prove that she had drowned her kids by driving the family car into a river. What was to surprise me was the British media’s steadfast belief in the McCann's innocence and their international onslaught on the Portuguese police (PJ) and the Portuguese people. It was on September 7, 2007 when all hell broke loose, that day I tuned in to CNN and watched as the Portuguese police were mocked and berated for having made the McCanns suspects in the disappearance of their child. What I found amusing is that the British reporters who were on the show found themselves in a conundrum. How could they criticize the Portuguese police and at the same time defend the English dogs and the English lab whose findings led to the parents being made suspects. Somehow, they did just that and set the pattern for the circus that we still endure today, the pattern being if logic leads to an unpalatable explanation then just ignore it. I still remember how offended a British reporter looked when the dogs had been criticized, she quickly replied: “No! No! These are good dogs they’re English”.
+The following day I went on the Internet and started to read the British newspapers. I was perplexed as to why this couple was being treated as if they were beyond reproach, and the PJ as being a bunch of bungling idiots. It was when I tried to post comments, stating to the effect that any police force had a right to investigate anyone and that in such cases the parents are the first to be suspected, that I knew that something was not right. I soon found that I couldn’t get my opinions posted in the British media. When I read the comments that were posted, I realized that they all expressed praise for the couple and scorn for the PJ. It soon became apparent that the British media was engaging in a hate campaign against the Portuguese people. As the months passed by I became more and more disillusioned with what was taking place. I never thought that I would see politicians do everything in their power to bring an investigation into the disappearance of a child to a grinding halt. I also never expected that such people, including a judge, would perform public relations services for people suspected of harming a toddler.
+Recently, I was visited by a cousin who I hadn’t seen for many years. We sat down and had a long talk and during the conversation I broached the subject of the Madeleine case. I mentioned to him the strange behaviour of the British media and British public officials. He explained their behaviour as an attempt to save face. I thought to myself, could this be true? Would a nation go to the point of perverting the course of justice just to avoid what they perceived as an international embarrassment? I thought of the case of a 9 year old English girl that went missing in England some 10 months after Madeleine had disappeared. The mother, who most likely was influenced by the McCann case, concealed her daughter and claimed that she had been abducted in order to garner money from the public. The mother was found out and quickly condemned. So did this case prove my cousin’s theory to be wrong? No I thought, this case was local, the Madeleine case was abroad and it had extreme international exposure. There was also the difference in social status. The McCann parents had the resources and connections behind them to build up their reputations to the point where, by the time they were made suspects, some people already regarded them as saints. The mother who was condemned never met the pope and could never have arranged to meet him. After some thought I came to the conclusion that I was not in a position to answer this question, after all I’m not British. So my question to the British readers is: Is my cousin right?
+I’m also curious as to what the British readers think about the following occurrences:
+Our suspicions have recently been confirmed; British editors presented articles on the Madeleine case to the McCann’s PR firms, for their approval, before they were published. What do the British readers think of suspects in a criminal investigation filtering what gets published in the media?
+We all are aware of how Politicians accompanied the McCanns to the European parliament. How politicians presented the McCanns as champions of a child welfare initiative that was not theirs. How do the British readers feel about politicians promoting parents suspected of harming their child as champions of a child welfare initiative?
+This occurrence really floored me. The McCanns went to court to seek access to case information that the PJ had given to the English police. The presiding judge, Justice Hogg, granted information on the case to the McCanns, information which they already had, and then made a speech which basically implied that the McCanns were innocent. What do the British readers think of a Judge making her pronouncements, in a court setting, on a case that was still being investigated?
+Do you see the above mentioned occurrences as normal or abnormal? If you do consider these events highly irregular have you voiced your concerns in Britain or have you remained silent?
+Guerra,
+Thank you! To repeated lies, we can, and will, respond with the endless repeating of the truth.
+Soft water on a hard rock...
+Well done!
+Textusa
+Very well written, Mr. Guerra.
+What is behind this whole story?
+Not because it happenned abroad.
+Once, an English man raped and killed a young lady in Holland and he escaped the same day to England.
+He went back by boat and the Dutch police was so lucky and fast, that they warned the British police about the murder.
+By arriving at an English harbour, the man got arrested and British authorities delivered him back to Holland.
+It is possible.
+But there is a lot behind Madeleine.Not only a simple death, an accident, but a lot more.
+She is even considered a matter of national security.
+Indirectly there are high placed people involved in this case, imo.
+The responsible(s) for her death can not go on trial.
+They know too much, that's for sure. They will be pressured to tell the truth and by whom they are being helped.
+Who manipulated who and why.
+No autopsy.
+Maybe one of Tapas 7 is responsible for her death, we don't know.
+But British people are not stupid.By now they know or suspect the truth.
+Did you all observe that Mitchell aged a lot, in short time?
+The Mccanns are a disaster.
+Make people loose their jobs, make people get old very fast,make ambassadors abandon their carrière...
+"Towards the end of August I started to hear rumors that the McCanns were not what they appeared to be..."
+Listen, Guerra, you seem a decent, conscientious person and you've written a fair, fact-based article.
+But don't generalise for 60 million Britons. Not all of them can think, of course, but some of us - hundreds and hundreds - were blogging the McCann scam back in May, 2007, and no opinion poll - while unbiased polls could still be taken and published - ever gave the McCanns the benefit of the doubt in their putting of their child in harm's way - endangerment by abandonment.
+On the cadaver question - the death and disposal of young Madeleine McCann - why do you think Keela and Eddie ever got to Portugal in the first place? Only because some British coppers read the blogs and didn't like the stink of justice perversion.
+But you woke up in August 2007, about the same time as Amaral. What kept you both?
+As an English woman i am disgusted with the way this case has been handled by the British press, who have been gagged by the McCanns libel actions, rest assured there are many English people who do not believe in the innocense of the parents and are shocked by the way the Police and judicial system in Portugal have been portrayed. I have been to Portugal and loved the people who i thought were the most child friendly people i have ever met, and i have travelled the world. I have contacted members of the opposition government in my country to complain and i have also contacted the Judiciary in Portugal requesting they reopen the case and reclaim the good name of the Police and people of Portugal. The general concensus of English police officers i have spoken to is that the McCanns are as guilty as hell and have effectively got away with it.
+I agree with you entirely. Even in Britain it is as if we cannot criticise the terrible behaviour and neglect shown by these untrustworthy McCanns. I believe the Portuguese police did a good job and probably came close to the truth in that the little girl died by accident as a result of the parents neglect!!! It is because they were both Doctors and pillars of the community etc that they appear to be beyond reproach!!!
+Firstly, the behaviour of the British press is very much pro McCann today. This of course was not always the case and when the McCanns' were made arguidos speculation was rife until the well connected pair put a stop to it. Their solicitors Carter Ruck proceeded to issue libel warnings to the British media and those who did not heed the warning ended up paying out large sums of money to the McCanns’ and the rest of the T9.
+The British media were and are effectively gagged – the problem for them was articles about Madeleine’s disappearance increased their circulation figures - so quite simply they still reported on the case but focused on the parents as victims as opposed to the guilty party. By doing this no one was sued. I’m sure the British Press were annoyed by the Portuguese police as it was the pj who led them to believe, through well placed leaks, that an arrest and charges were imminent only for the pj to have to back down because of lack of evidence and release the McCanns’ from their arguido status.
+Were the McCanns’ given more assistance than other people in similar circumstances? Well yes - chancers jumped on the band wagon to help the McCanns’ including our own Prime Minister. If the Dr’s McCann had been unemployed non professionals and living in community housing no one would have helped them and no doubt they would have been hung, drawn and quartered by now. The McCann case is the ugly and unjust side of the British class system which unfortunately still exists today.
+I'm British.
+Am I proud, no not particularly in general and specifically over the Madeleine McCann, not a all.
+The media, even those newspapers who subsequently paid out libel damages, only hid behind information from other sources, they never resourced their own.
+We live in changing times. But so little is known about the McCanns! Since their return to the UK, apart from the public persona, nothing is really known about them.
+We all know that the public notice boards\comments on major media outlets isn't balanced.
+The question remains why ?
+Meadow.
+I'm British and I'm as bewildered as you.
+Who knows why our press have behaved in this way. It's opened my eyes & taught me never to trust the media - luckily the internet can give you more of an overview.
+But the more people that read about the case, the more doubts they will have.
+The McCann's will never be able to silence the doubters.
+As a British male citizen who works in a caring profession for children I have been disgusted by this couple literally from the start. My wife and I are professionals like the McCanns and that is the end of our similarity.
+We both belonged to the group which found the story suspicious and their actions cold, distant and unnatural.
+They and the British media dressed opinion up as facts and have embarrassed us by their antics. Yes, they have been 'protected' and yes the way they orchestrated a feeling of superiority against the Portugese has sickened us.
+Many people know that us British have sold our companies to the highest bidders over the last two decades and it seems those in power will gladly sell their souls for monetary gain or to retain an ego or position of power.
+Remember, our current Prime Minister who has interfered in this story has not been voted in by us citizens - please don't forget that. He did not have the moral spirit and courage to call an election to validate this position when Blair stepped down. His actions are not consequent with his words on most issues.
+A moral vacumn grows ever bigger in our beautiful country of Britain and I am ashamed at the way the politicians, media and police have acted so far over this issue. A 3 yr old girl vanished and distortions and silence have been 'formally' sanctioned. Their is only one victim and it is Madeleine but people who dance with words have tried to hide that haven't they. I am ashamed by this stance and to the Portugese citizens I say don't let this drift away. Get this couple back in portugal and into a courtroom to face the music. Good luck.
+Okay, this site and many others is a real eye opener when it comes to how quickly people like to judge with so few facts.
+What I get out of this is the fact the McCanns are wealthy and have good careers, this makes them guilty? All these sites have offered no proof of wrongdoing by the McCanns but a hell of a lot of speculation and damnation... and what for exactly?
+I have been following this case from the beginning, watched the McCanns every movement and read everything I can get my hands on. If you think they are responsible for killing their child, you are not looking at the whole picture but choosing to be blind. I am not denying more could come out of this case and that there is a possibility of a member or several of the Tapas 7 being involved (which in all honesty I think is unlikely but still possble) but there has been no real evidence, no concrete proof the McCanns are guilty and yet here you are condemning them anyway. Might want to hope you never have to be in their shoes as I hear Karma can be quite the hard mistress.
+All these comments about this being the voice of truth, whatever, yes, you would know so much having been there in the room with Maddie when she was either killed or kidnapped, right? Get over your egos!
+Absolutely agree,BT. Well said.
+bath theory.....you are spot on my friend, what you said echo's what the majority of uk citizens think.
+I just want to make it clear that I don't judge the character of many by the character of a few. All nations have good and bad people and even sometimes good people behave badly. The British people I have known were the school teachers of my childhood. They were influential people in my life. They were good people. I will say this though, before this case I believed Britain to be a society where there was freedom of expression and the impartial application of justice, in other words a democracy. That belief has been shattered. This article in not asking whether you feel or have rationalized that the McCanns are innocent or guilty. If I were to tell you that I live in a society where no one not even the police can criticize or question certain individuals and that certain individuals control the media, what society would you say I live in, a Democracy or a Dictatorship?
+Just like to say I was agreeing with BT, that's Bath Theory, not that stuff from rosiepops that followed.
+Guerra,
+I am British although I have not lived in my native England for some years.
+It is my wish to assure you that that despite appearances to the contrary, many British are not for one moment fooled by the Clan Mccanns constant attempts to convince the world of their innocence. It is of course true that the British media have been deliberately manipulated in the Mccanns favour but it does not mean that we are stupid enough to believe what they say.
+I too have tried many times to have my views printed in the British press without success. The situation is totally unacceptable but we seem to be at their mercy, hence we resort to the internet to air our views. Our country of origin frequently omitted from such sites.
+We must of course bare in mind that pro-Mccann comments posted in the British press could quite easily emanate from Clan Mccann.
+I do not doubt for a moment that every site in existance is regularly perused by them but what can they do about it - sue us? Here they are at OUR mercy.
+The media circus from Britain, and it's political supporters, are a disgrace. It happened primarily because they are Doctors, and British. Being in the NHS gives them god-like status anyway, as that state medical insititution, 'saves lives' and watches over all of us for our well-being... our materialistic beleif in technology and government as our saviour.
+It wasn't 'planned' to begin with, but occurred as a sympathetic reaction to save the parents unnecessary stress. Then that was taken up in an ugly way to mock the Portuguese police, and to interfere with the process of investigation and justice, with every ugly modern British press jingoism. Why? mainly because they could do it...exert that pressure, with no come back on any one.
+It would have been better if the Portuguese stuck to their guns - I mean been principled and insisted on continuing with the investigation.
+To the assertion: 'there is no firm proof' of the McCann's wrongdoing, firm proof is not what a jury decides upon; firm proof only becomes firm proof with an eyewitness. But a jury has contributing evidence, likelihood and consistency in the stories to consider. Unfortunately for the McCanns' they have many inconsistencies to answer. Fortunately? for the McCann's they got away , so far, from having to answer questions. That should never have been permitted, without the possibility of their being tried if they refused.
+In my own mind, I feel convinced that the couple are implicated, in staging the appearance of an abduction, and whatever reason's they had for doing so, which is likely to include career/reputation. A very cold attitude, perhaps, but not surprising.
+hello there
+im from manchester uk, 33 yrs old father of two and husband. when the story first came to light, i did not want to follow as the thought of it happening to me were too much to contemplate. after the initial media blitz i started to take notice and found there was definately something wrong with the parents reaction and the way the were allowed to return from portugal seems odd, meaning if there was an investigation to find a missing child why would the parents want to leave that place at all? incomprehensible or just plain ludicrous.
+if there was any reaction from the police dogs why was this not paid attention too werent these dogs supposed to be the best in the world?
+i have read as much as i could find about Mr Goncalo Amaral and i have to say i think i believe him a lot more than i do the mccanns.
+i offer him my condolences on losing the job he enjoyed something i know a lot about. i also urge him not to stoplooking in all places for any hint of that little girl who has so deeply affected all our lives.
+Editing Ultral = Ultralight |aka = Microlight |front_image = Ultralight-GTAO-front.png |rear_image = Ultralight-GTAO-rear.png |caption = An '''Ultralight''' in ''[[Grand Theft Auto Online]]''. |vehicle_class = Planes |vehicle_type = Civilian glider |body_style = Glider |capacity = 1 <small>(pilot)</small> |manufacturer = [[Nagasaki]] |appearances = ''[[Grand Theft Auto Online]]'' {{DLC|GTA Online: Smuggler's Run update}} {{NG}} |price = [[Money|$]]665,000<br>$500,000 <small>(Trade price)</small><br><small>([[Elitás Travel]])</small> |related = |radar_icon = {{GTAOHUDIcons|ultralight}}<ref name="hud_icon">{{GTAOHUDIcons|ultralight|size=60px}} Seen when parked or when another player is flying an Ultralight (unless the off-radar feature from the "Muffled Carbon Propeller" is active).{{Clr}}</ref> |makeyear = |swankness = |dashtype = |inttxd = |carcols = {{Expand|| {{CarColV/Title}} {{CarColV|no=1|155|144|155|111}} {{CarColV|no=2|9|6|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=3|112|7|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=4|0|2|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=5|64|112|70|111}} {{CarColV|no=6|38|7|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=7|28|5|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=8|92|53|5|111}} {{CarColV|no=9|88|112|5|111}} }} |wheeltype = |flags = |modelsets = |modelname = microlight |handlingname = MICROLIGHT |textlabelname = MICROLIGHT |What red-blooded American hasn't gazed at an eagle as it soars through an empty sky, utterly serene, perfectly at one with its environment, refined by millions of years of evolution into the epitome of aerial dexterity and lethal precision, and wondered: what could be more majestic, more dignified, more trascendent? Well, now you know.<br><br>Please note: This aircraft is excluded from Pegasus Lifestyle Management and must be stored in a personal hangar.|[[Elitás Travel]] description.}} The [[Nagasaki]] '''Ultralight''' is a glider featured in ''[[Grand Theft Auto Online]]'' as part of the [[GTA Online: Smuggler's Run|Smuggler's Run]] update. ==Design== ===''Grand Theft Auto Online''=== The Ultralight is an {{WP|Ultralight trike|ultralight trike}}, which is a type of powered hang glider. It is primarily based on the {{WP|Air Creation Racer}}, with the cockpit and wheel fairings removed and added a more responsive wing. The vehicle features a tricycle undercarriage and a large glider wing that is controlled by the lower handlebar, having various articulation joints for the basic aircraft maneuvering. The Ultralight features a small console with the "Flyer" dials on it. Its primary color is applied on the main body, front suspension, front portion and rear frames of the wing, upper side of the intake manifold and the rotor' spinner, while its secondary color is applied on the frames that hold the front wheel, seat, handlebar, rear section of the wing, fuel tank, rear suspension springs, air filter, engine cover and a set of tubes connected to the alternator. { = Ultralight-GTAO-FrontQuarter.png |top_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Top.png |rear_quarter_image = Ultralight-GTAO-RearQuarter.png |front_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Front.png |side_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Side.png |rear_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Rear.png |engine_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Engine.png |underside_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Underside.png |inside_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Inside.png |detail_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Sailcloth.png |open_other_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Detail.png |dashboard_image = Ultralight-GTAO-Dashboard.png }} ==Performance== ===''Grand Theft Auto Online''=== ;Vehicle The Ultralight performs differently from other general aircraft, as it has a lower ceiling (maximum altitude) than other aircraft, at 4,800 feet. It also has limited maneuverability, as it cannot perform knife flights of flying upside down for too long, as the aircraft will "correct" by itself, not to mention it may lose airspeed quickly when going straight up and its yawing capabilities are very limited. Landing the Ultralight is tricky because its vast wing and weight make it very easy to lift when making contact on the ground. Touching down at or slightly below level to the ground is recommended (although it is better using the attitude indicator in the first-person cockpit). Still, its nippy handling on the ground, short take-off and landing distance make it versatile to use in almost any environment and is great for cruising around the map, but is not the best for offensive capabilities. As it is a glider, the Ultralight can glide (while the engine is turned off) indefinitely with the pilot's proper maneuvering. Careful to not run directly to the aircraft, as it can be easily pushed and the character may get knocked out. The Ultralight is powered by a small Inline-4 engine, located behind the frame that holds the wing. Several parts that provide the basic functioning of the engine, such as the radiator, the alternator and the fuel tank, can be seen around the engine and the rear section of the vehicle's frames. As with various vehicles featured after the [[GTA Online: Bikers|Bikers]] update, it has fully-animated pulleys and belts for the engine. ;Defense The Ultralight is generally decent at evading targets, but it is fragile against gunfire, as it can easily emit smoke after a few rounds. The pilot is also vulnerable and can be killed in the process. The most redeeming feature of the Ultralight is that if the Muffled Carbon Propeller is added, the aircraft can allow the player to go off the radar while gliding, cruising or under gentle acceleration, making it useful to avoid detection by hostile players. ;Countermeasures <!--these descriptions are to be made and used as standard for applicable aircraft--> Ultralight can feature a forward-mounted 7.62mm Gimbal Turret. This weapon offers very low firepower against target and vehicles, but makes up for its great versatility and near-complete coverage (at nearly 300 degrees of rotation and -40 degrees of elevation). The player can optionally choose the weapon, which adjusts the camera for a better field of view, although they will have lower visibility for the aircraft itself if the gun is selected. Its sound is identical to that of the [[APC]]'s side machine guns. ====GTA Online Overview==== {{Aircraftstats-gtav |handling_top_speed = |handling_mass = |handling_fuel_tank = |website_acceleration = |website_top_speed = |website_engine = |website_mass = |observed_acceleration = |observed_top_speed = |observed_vertical_rate = |observed_engine = Single Inline-4, 3-bladed propeller |observed_engine_location = Rear |rsc_image = <!-- |rsc_top_speed = {{PercentBar|0|width=150}} |rsc_acceleration = {{PercentBar|0|width=150}} |rsc_braking = {{PercentBar|0|width=150}} |rsc_agility = {{PercentBar|0|width=150}}--> }} ==Modifications== ===''Grand Theft Auto Online''=== {|="4" |Countermeasures |None | Ultralight-Aircraft-GTAO.jpg|Pre-release screenshot. SumgglersRun-GTAO-OfficialScreen-Hangar.png|Pre-release screenshot, featuring the '''Ultralight''' in front of the [[Tula]]. Ultralight-GTAO-ElitasTravel.png|The '''Ultralight''' on [[Elitás Travel]]. Ultralight-GTAO-RSC.jpg|The '''Ultralight''' on [[Rockstar Games Social Club]]. Ultralight-GTAO-RGSC2.jpg|The '''Ultralight''' on the updated [[Rockstar Games Social Club]]. Ultralight-GTAO-RGSC3.jpg|The '''Ultralight''' in a cinematic preview on [[Rockstar Games Social Club]]. </gallery> ===Video=== [[File:GTA Online Smuggler's Run - All Custom Aircraft|center|350x350px|3:02]] ==Locations== ===''Grand Theft Auto Online''=== *Can be purchased on [[Elitás Travel]] for [[Money|$]]665,000 or for $500,000 (after completing 3 [[Air Freight Cargo]] source missions), provided the player already owns a [[Hangars|Hangar]]. **It is classed as a Small aircraft. ==Trivia== ===''Grand Theft Auto Online''=== *The plane might have been called '''Microlight''' during the development phase, since this is how it is referenced to by the game internally. **The name "Microlight" is also referenced in the [[GTA Online: The Doomsday Heist|Doomsday Heist]] patch notes.<ref></ref> *The vehicle is erroneously listed as a [[Pegassi]] vehicle on [[Rockstar Games Social Club]]. *When on the ground, the character turns the front wheel by pushing one of the "pedals" to provide the yaw capabilities. When airborne, however, the wheel does not turn, but the character still pushes the pedals to yaw to a side. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Navigation== {{Navboxes |title= Navigation |list1= {{vehicles|state=collapsed}} {{gtav vehicles|state=collapsed}} }}[[pl:Ultralight]] [[es:Ultralight]] Templates used on the current version of this page: Template:! (view source) Template:Aircraftstats-gtav (view source) Template:CarColV (view source) Template:CarColV/SwitchColor (view source) Template:CarColV/SwitchName (view source) Template:CarColV/Title (view source) Template:Clr (view source) Template:Current Design Gallery (view source) Template:DLC (view source) Template:Expand (view source) Template:GTAOHUDIcons :Quote (view source) Template:Reflist (view source) Template:Tnavbar (view source) Template:Vehicles (view source) (semi-protected)Template:WP (view source) Return to Ultralight. Retrieved from "" Edit summary Preview Mobile Desktop Show changes
+Artist Information
+Biography
+BIOGRAPHY / WEBSITES / YOUTUBE VIDEO LINKS
+The Ladino singer was born Yasmin Levy in Bakaa, Jerusalem, Israel, on 23 December 1975. A “very small, beautiful neighbour-hood”, Bakaa is filled with narrow alleys and warrens dating back many hundreds of years. The area is still a vital part of the history of this great city and, for Yasmin, her roots. Whenever she has time off, she loves to return to Jerusalem and spend time with her mother, brothers, sister and their families.
+Yasmin’s musical interests began as a child. At six years of age, she was taught to play piano and she continued with her studies until age eighteen. At twenty, she began singing seriously but it wasn’t until a year later that she made her first public performance as a guest in a concert given by her mother. Other local concerts followed but it wasn’t until WOMEX 2002 that she made her international début and embarked on a singing career.
+Her first album Romance And Yasmin (Connecting Cultures) focused on Ladino music and Turkish influences and was greatly influenced by the work of her late father Yitzhak Levy. 4 books containing Sephardic romances and another 10 volumes of liturgical songs. He also recorded many of these same songs for the national radio. Sadly, Yitzhak Levy passed away when Yasmin was little over one year old. Nevertheless she grew up knowing her father's love for this music and his heritage as he had also taught her mother Kochava the Sephardic repertoire and she, in turn, passed the songs on to their daughter. When Yasmin was preparing her first disc Romance And Yasmin, she was she says “helped enormously by the books and recordings my father left behind”.
+For her second album, the highly acclaimed La Juderia (Adama Music), Yasmin continued her work within the Ladino tradition but began to experiment more with the flamenco influences that date back to her residence in Spain during 2002. In that year, she was awarded a scholarship by the Christina Herren Foundation to study flamenco in Seville. There she was influenced strongly by the unique singing style that she then added to her own Sephardic one.
+With her third album Mano Suave (World Village / Harmonia Mundi), released in October 2007, Yasmin embarked on a mature reinvestigation of her Ladino roots. Recorded in London's Livingston Studios in February 2007, it had Lucy Duran and Jerry Boys co-producing. Continuing Yasmin’s tradition of using the best musicians available, this album featured players from Iran, Armenia, Greece, Paraguay, Israel, Turkey and Spain. Mano Suave also featured a very moving duet with guest vocalist Natacha Atlas on the title track, which is a Beduin song in which Natacha’s Arabic interwove stunningly with Yasmin’s Spanish vocals.
+A new (fourth) album Sentir (World Village / Harmonia Mundi) was released on 5 October 2009. With it Yasmin has finally honed a musical vision that integrates effortlessly all of her previous musical preoccupations with fresh, new directions. With Sentir, Yasmin’s music truly becomes ’of the world’. Produced by the acclaimed Javier Limón (who has worked previously with the likes of Portuguese fado star Mariza), the new album’s programme draws songs not only from Ladino (’Mi Korason’, ’Londje de Mi’) and flamenco (Javier Limón’s ’Nos Llego El Final’) traditions but also contemporary material (by Javier, Yasmin) and even Leonard Cohen (in a remarkable and fresh version of ’Hallelujah’).
+As mentioned earlier, an important factor in Yasmin’s life and musical direction has been the legacy of her father Yitzhak Levy, who died when Yasmin was only one year old. Sentir’s ’Una Pastora’ allows Yasmin, by the miracle of modern technology, to duet with him. As she says ”This is one of the most beautiful songs my father ever recorded…His singing is something holy for me and I was afraid to touch it… until I realised that it was my own fears I needed to overcome.”
+Yasmin’s deep, spiritual singing, passionate vocal delivery and striking good looks continue to entrance fans new and old. She has thrice been nominated for BBC Radio 3 World Music Awards and her appearance on BBC 2 TV’s Later…With Jools in November 2005 was one of the highlights of that particular series. More recently she has appeared on Holland’s acclaimed Vrije Geluiden television programme as well as featuring on television and radio in countries as diverse as Australia, Germany, Israel, Sweden, Spain, Austria, and on the popular Turkish television programme Ibo Show in July 2008. In January of this year she was featured in France’s Concert FIP, a prestigious live radio series devoted to exposing the talents of artists from all over the World.
+Yasmin’s touring activities have already taken her to many parts of the globe. In 2008 and 2009, she toured Australia (culminating in a sold-out performance at the prestigious Sydney Opera House on March 1 2008), Austria, Switzerland, Finland, Poland, Holland, Germany, France, Bulgaria, Montenegro and a sold out concert at Israel’s National Opera House in Tel Aviv. She has appeared at WOMAD Festivals in Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Spain, UK and Canary Islands as well as at New York’s Carnegie Hall amongst many others. 2009 also saw Yasmin at the Royal Opera House, London in July and making her début national tour of the United States with concerts in October and November.
+In October 2008, Yasmin was nominated for Holland’s prestigious Edison Award, the Dutch equivalent of the Grammys, in the category Best World Music Album. This nomination confirms the very positive acceptance of her most recent release at both a critical and commercial level with the album having charted in the Top 30 of the main retail charts. Mano Suave also charted in the Top 10 of Sweden’s mainstream pop music charts and has performed extremely well across Europe as well as in Australia and Israel.
+In December 2008 Yasmin won the USA Songwriting Competition in the category Best Song (World) for her composition “Me Voy” (”I’m Leaving”).
+Some months earlier, in September 2008, she was named Goodwill Ambassador for Children of Peace, a UK-based charity fighting to alleviate the plight of all children caught up in the decades-old Middle East crisis. As part of this role, Yasmin has committed to giving at least two workshops a year to Middle Eastern children from all sides of the conflict, talking about her career and trying to imbue these children with the hope that through music they may still live their dreams.
+In March 2006, Yasmin was presented with the Anna Lindh Award for promoting cross-cultural dialogue, for her work with musicians covering three cultures and her connection with the history of Spain. The award reflects many of her hopes for the future. On a musical level, these have been distilled into the music and songs on her penultimate album Mano Suave and, perhaps even more so, on the new album Sentir. On a more global scale, Yasmin simply desires “that people will have more compassion towards each other and learn to live in harmony”.
+About Ladino:
+For those new to the music and its language and history, Ladino is the collective term for the Judeo-Spanish languages spoken by the Jews of Spain: these languages infuse the original ancient Spanish with other languages including Arabic, Turkish, Greek, Slavic languages, Portuguese, French, Italian and Hebrew..
+Instrumentation
+Yasmin Levy : vocals
+Vardan Hovanissian : flute (duduk), clarinet
+Tim Fairhall : electric upright bass
+Cuffy Cuthbertson : lead guitar
+Nikhi Mukhi : mandolin, second guitar
+Ishay Amir : cajon, cymbals, shaker (percussion)
+Discography
+Sentir (World Village/Harmonia Mundi)
+Mano Suave (World Village/Harmonia Mundi)
+La Juderia (Adama Music)
+Romance And Yasmin (Adama Music)
+Links
+Video
+- San Francisco Examiner (Oct 2009) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“Levy’s haunting voice, filled with the heart and passion of a people who have survived centuries of...“Levy’s haunting voice, filled with the heart and passion of a people who have survived centuries of persecution and misunderstanding, is certain to attract a huge following. Take advantage of the opportunity to hear her now, before she becomes idolized in the manner of Cesaria Evora and other great artists whose voices seem to sing directly from their soul.” Jason Serinius
+- Columbus Dispatch (Nov 2009) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“Stunning in appearance and bearing, the singer performs in a throaty style that recalls the mid-20t...“Stunning in appearance and bearing, the singer performs in a throaty style that recalls the mid-20th century French singer Edith Piaf. Levy’s voice and manner have a similar directness and emotionalism and the vocal quality is also reminiscent of that iconic performer.” – Barbara Zuck, Columbus Dispatch (Columbus, OH), Nov 13, 2009
+- Sunday Times (Oct 2009) (UK) [+ Show ]
+“Her magical album, Sentir, is her most mesmerising accomplishment so far, and will surely find a pl...“Her magical album, Sentir, is her most mesmerising accomplishment so far, and will surely find a place on many a “record of the year” list in the coming months.” – Clive Davis, Sunday Times (UK), 4 Oct 2009
+- Songlines (Nov-Dec 2009) (UK) [+ Show ]
+“She uses every colour and pitch in her remarkable range and the resulting vocal pyrotechnics are un...“She uses every colour and pitch in her remarkable range and the resulting vocal pyrotechnics are unforgettable.” – Dennis Marks, Songlines (UK), Nov-Dec 2009
+- KRUV-FM, Vermont (Nov 2009) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“Yasmin Levy is a remarkable talent. Aside from the amazing pedigree of the music, her singing is p...“Yasmin Levy is a remarkable talent. Aside from the amazing pedigree of the music, her singing is profoundly emotional and can move one to tears.” – Jeff Pascoe, Intl Music Director, KRUV-FM, Burlington, VT
+- The Guardian (Oct 2009) (UK) [+ Show ]
+“...a young Israeli singer with an exquisite and passionate vocal style and a bravely original music...“...a young Israeli singer with an exquisite and passionate vocal style and a bravely original musical mission... Her voice is as fine and powerful as ever, especially on her gutsy duet with the Greek singer Eleni Vitaly on the flamenco-tinged Porque, and on an exquisite treatment of the Ladino ballad Una Pastora...” -Robin Denselow, Guardian (UK), 2 Oct 2009
+- The Daily Planet (St Paul) (Nov 09) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“Levy is a vocal force with an undeniable stage presence. The audience loved her and a single note ...“Levy is a vocal force with an undeniable stage presence. The audience loved her and a single note could bring tears to your eyes...Levy’s concert was a musical experience I was glad to get swept up in.” - Melissa Slachetka, Daily Planet, St. Paul, MN, Nov 1, 2009
+- Art Seen (Michigan) (Nov 09) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“Yasmin Levy, dressed in black and the ever enticing enchantress, cast a spell on the audience...She...“Yasmin Levy, dressed in black and the ever enticing enchantress, cast a spell on the audience...She is a brilliantly talented singer with a deep soulful and sensuous voice. It just doesn’t get better than that. Period.”– Krithika, Art Seen (Ann Arbor, MI), Nov 15, 2009
+- Dagens Nyheter (Feb 2010) (Sweden) [+ Show ]
+“It is undeniably the Israeli singer’s way of explaining her music that makes her so captivating on ...“It is undeniably the Israeli singer’s way of explaining her music that makes her so captivating on stage...In world music she has found her own niche and has no competition...Yasmin Levy is perhaps at her best when she sings her own compositions, somewhere on the border between tradition and Edith Piaf chansons.” – Johanna Paulsson, Dagens Nyheter, Stockholm (Sweden), 17 Feb 2010
+- The Other Paper (Ohio) (Nov 2009) (USA) [+ Show ]
+“...she conveyed an intensity as real as romantic suicide. Romeo and Juliet have got nothing on Yasm...“...she conveyed an intensity as real as romantic suicide. Romeo and Juliet have got nothing on Yasmin Levy and the narratives of her songs. I think she could sing Streisand; but could Streisand sing Sephardic?” – John Petric, The Other Paper (Columbus, OH), Nov 11, 2009
+Setlist
+1. Mi Korason
+2. Nos Llego el Final
+3. Irme Kero
+4. Londje de Mi
+5. Porque
+6. Una Noche Mas
+7. Hallelujah
+8. Una Pastora
+9. Juan Simon
+10. Naci En Alamo (Vengo)
+11. El Amor Contigo
+12. La Alegria
+13. Jaco
+---------------------------
+14. Porque
+15. Adio Kerida
+16. Me Voy
+Basic Requirements
+Calendar
+There are no upcoming dates at this time.
+Elizabeth Whalley. In this research, there is no clear conclusion whether forward contracts or put options outperforms one another.
+However, maximum drawdown can be replicated by adopting the corresponding hedging strategy. Undefined to avoid under- or over hedging.JEL: G11, G14, G15, G23, C61, C22. While the use of short and long hedges can reduceor eliminate in some cases.
+Many vehicles exist for hedging strategies including futures, options on futures and ETF s. Strategy is Right for Your Business.
+Undefined Single traded puts and calls. Undefined 23 лют.
+Both put options and lookback options provide poor protection when the market first falls and then. Undefined strategy can be realized by means of a self financing portfolio consisting of binary options.
+Estimation of parameters for the models is done based on historical futures prices of futures contracts with a one month. The Best Hedging Strategy in the Presence of SSRN) Papers Optimal partial hedging of options with small transaction costs. Let us calculate the dollar payment using each type of hedging technique suggested by the infor- mation above. Undefined 8 груд.
+Managing Currency Risks with Options. It is the risk that offsetting investments in a hedging strategy will not experience price.
+Com has come up with an e Book on various strategies that can be used in the derivatives market. The purpose of this project is to examine hedging strategies for options.If you re new to futures and options on futures, the first four chapters will give you a solid foundation. Security or Index.
+Derivative securities. Undefined SITUATION.
+Derivatives such as forwards, futures, options and swaps are the most commonly employed and can be. Definition: In options trading, Delta is the measure of how the value of an option changes with respect to changes in the value of.Previous work concerned with the performance of hedging schemes for options on stocks has been carried out by Boyle and Emanuel. They come of combination of standard and also exotic option.
+As below) both downside and upside risk. Undefined 19 вер.
+Wiley Online Library 18 серп. Undefined 1 черв.
+Portfolio is critical to understanding more complex option strategies. Establishing a Minimum Selling Price: Buying Puts.
+Keywords: Close Price, Exponential Moving Average Price, Option. The timesτn i1 i Nn.
+The paper deals with the most fa- mous of them zero cost collar strategy. Undefined Hedging by Options Market Makers: Theory and Evidence.
+Undefined 10 груд. Call options, simply known as calls, give the buyer a right to buy a particular stock at that option s strike price.
+Keywords: options hedging efficiency, optimal hedging frequency, realized and implied volatility, index futures, investment strategies. Chapters 5 and 6 include futures and options hedging strategies, both from a buying and selling hedger s perspective.
+Actually, this strategy has the effect of turning a stock portfolio into a bull vertical call spread. Undefined 27 жовт. Undefined falls short, tail hedging can be a solution. Senior ETF Specialist.
+The authors would like to thank Stephen Figlewski,. We give a general expression for the hedging strategy which minimizes the variance of the hedging er- ror, in terms of integral.
+Basis risk is another factor investors should consider before engaging in a hedging program. An option written on the security is hedged by this strategy if the strategy is self financing, and replicates the price of the option at all.
+Undefined falls short, tail hedging can be a solution. Senior ETF Specialist.
+Options marketcontracts, premi- ums are quoted in cents per1. Undefined with periodical revisions in the option position, that is, when there is a significant swing in exchange ratessay 2% or more.
+We re not going to get into the nitty gritty of describing how these instruments work, but for now just keep in mind that with these instruments you can develop trading strategies where a loss in one investment is offset by a gain in a derivative Technical traders will often hedge their positions with options to. Basic Strategies.
+Undefined1976, Breeden and Litzenberger1978) and Arditti and John1980) have demonstrated the potential of option portfolio strategies in moulding the return distributions, other studies provided an empirical view of just what effect a particular stock option hedging strategye. JEL classification: G11, G13 This paper was originally entitledDynamic Hedging of Complex Option Positions With Trans- action Costs.
+Options Trading Strategies. Com content us ismr full.
+Undefined Before considering Delta Hedging, let s first review. Basis risk is the risk of a hedge not working, i.
+The transaction is to pay1m in. Undefined White Paper.
+1 Using Delta to Measure. Key words: option hedging, transaction costs, simulations, risk return tradeoff, optimization.
+Expression for the optimal hedging strategy and corresponding option price. For advice and implementation support for risk management and trading strategies, RISK Ltd can provide resources as needed for.
+If you buy stock and buy a. A comparison of Option contracts versus Forward contracts.Reducing downside exposure. Of this strategy is thezero cost collar; whereby the two option premium s just offsethence it szero cost.
+OVERVIEW OF THE DAIRY OPTIONS MARKET. This paper investigates.
+School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, Västerås. The usual contract size is62 500.
+The result is a long. The interest rate parity.
+Undefined The formula of Black and Scholes1] for the valuation of options has led to the development of a general hedging method for contingent claims in a complete financial market by Harrison and Pliska8. Undefined ple, option based strategies have a negative carry which repre- sents the time decay of the option.
+Undefined 30 черв. Market makers for financial derivative securities use a variety of hedging strategies to manage their exposure to unfavorable market movements.
+Download the pdf from the attachment. Options Strangle, StraddleHedge) Trading Strategies bse2nse.
+Strategies: Hedging Risk. Locking in a Fixed Selling Price: Selling Futures.
+Option hedging strategies pdf. Undefined Buyingshares as soon as price reaches 50.
+ReseaRCh and pROduCt develOpMent com. Jointly presented by:.
+Taking the Sting out of the Tail: Hedging Against Extreme Events. Undefined Self Study Guide to Hedging with Grain and Oilseed Futures and Options.
+The zero cost option structures appeared in 90 s and became popular tool of hedging. This strategy may be seen as a mixed hedging- insurance strategy.
+A short hedge is. Neutral Strategies.I will assume that the reader is familiar with options basics such as the definition of a put and a call and how to calculate the payoff for an option, and also has an understanding of put call parity and similar. Hedging literature operational hedges classification in financial statements derivative hedges examples forwardsfutures, options, swaps foreign currency debt.
+ADDITIONAL RISKS OF THE DAIRY HEDGER. Introduction to Options.
+Undefined 13 бер. There are many ways to approach tail hedging, ranging from a simple purchase ofinsurance” via put options to a portfolio of volatility- focused strategies that spans multiple asset classes.
+Itô process, maturity T 0, price function ufor the ease of presentation, here u depends only on S) and payoff g ST. T read as rebalancing datesor.Undefined There are additional costs associated with option strategies that call for multiple purchases and sales of options, such as spreads, straddles, and collars, as compared with. For Livestock Producers.
+Option hedging strategies pdf. People usually have a.In this study, we develop a model to analyze the effects of hedging activities by options market makers. OPTION STRATEGIES FOR DAIRY PRODUCT BUYERS.
+There is another important distinction between the first three techniques and options for hedging exposures that the firm. A derivative is a.
+We identify three reasons for the presence of these periods ofdisagreement' between the cash and derivatives markets: 1) high volatility and noise trading; 2) high level of risk aversion; 3) speculation versus hedging trades. Hedging strategies using options pdf Hedge using.Options hedging has important applica- tions in risk management. It is assumed that you are familiar with option pricing fundamentals, and the concepts of volatility and.
+A Beginner s Guide To Hedging Investopedia fx products. It is researched from sales hedging point of view, so the paper proposes an application of.
+Collecting Options Premiums Selling Call Options. This thesis empirically evaluates a geometric Brownian motion and a stochas- tic volatility model for modeling futures prices and hedging Asian call options on the electricity spot price.Bachelor thesis in Economics NAA301. The efficiency of the hedging is studied by analyzing the vol- ume of transactions required to construct the approximating portfolio and by providing numerical comparisons with delta hedging. In such a market, any claim can be replicated by a self financing dynamic portfolio strategy which only makes use of. Assume You Enter a Long put position in November. Undefined performance of some hedging strategies. Compliments of Kevin Simpson and Bert Caputo.
+Undefined Futures and forward contracts can be used for speculation, hedging, or to arbitrage between the spot and. Udi Sela Vice President Numerix 27 Oct.
+Market and selling forward the foreign currency in strategyb) is called currency swap. Options can be used to create portfolio with unique features, capable of achieving investment objectives.
+Undefined rency options play limited useful role in hedging contingent foreign exchange transaction exposures. Currency hedging is a complex topic and I am therefore humble discussing it.
+1 Basic Strategies Using Futures. LONG FUTURES HEDGE.
+Between revisions, options offer their usual asymmetric insurance within the general hedging strategy. Operational strategies require the firms to react to the new economic environments resulting from the exchange rate.
+Key Words: Heding; Portfolio of Options;. Undefined A Study of Derivative Trading Strategies in Indian Stock Market.
+For option hedging purposes. Undefined 25 жовт.
+Undefined Option trading strategies used by speculators, hedgers and arbitrageurs. Hedging in Futures and Options Markets with.
+Undefined Option traders are nimble and quick. A market participant.
+]>
+The RegularTriangularSet domain constructor implements regular triangular sets. These particular triangular sets were introduced by M. Kalkbrener (1991) in his PhD Thesis under the name regular chains. Regular chains and their related concepts are presented in the paper ``On the Theories of Triangular sets'' By P. Aubry, D. Lazard and M. Moreno Maza (to appear in the Journal of Symbolic Computation). The RegularTriangularSet constructor also provides a new method (by the third author) for solving polynomial system by means of regular chains. This method has two ways of solving. One has the same specifications as Kalkbrener's algorithm (1991) and the other is closer to Lazard's method (Discr. App. Math, 1991). Moreover, this new method removes redundant component from the decompositions when this is not too expensive. This is always the case with square-free regular chains. So if you want to obtain decompositions without redundant components just use the SquareFreeRegularTriangularSet domain constructor or the LazardSetSolvingPackage package constructor. See also the LexTriangularPackage and ZeroDimensionalSolvePackage for the case of algebraic systems with a finite number of (complex) solutions.
+One of the main features of regular triangular sets is that they naturally define towers of simple extensions of a field. This allows to perform with multivariate polynomials the same kind of operations as one can do in an EuclideanDomain.
+The RegularTriangularSet constructor takes four arguments. The first one, R, is the coefficient ring of the polynomials; it must belong to the category GcdDomain. The second one, E, is the exponent monoid of the polynomials; it must belong to the category OrderedAbelianMonoidSup. the third one, V, is the ordered set of variables; it must belong to the category OrderedSet. The last one is the polynomial ring; it must belong to the category RecursivePolynomialCategory(R,E,V). The abbreviation for RegularTriangularSet is REGSET. See also the constructor RegularChain which only takes two arguments, the coefficient ring and the ordered set of variables; in that case, polynomials are necessarily built with the NewSparseMultivariatePolynomial domain constructor.
+We shall explain now how to use the constructor REGSET and how to read the decomposition of a polynomial system by means of regular sets.
+Let us give some examples. We start with an easy one (Donati-Traverso) in order to understand the two ways of solving polynomial systems provided by the REGSET constructor.
+Define the coefficient ring.
+Define the list of variables,
+and make it an ordered set;
+then define the exponent monoid.
+Define the polynomial ring.
+Let the variables be polynomial.
+Now call the RegularTriangularSet domain constructor.
+Define a polynomial system.
+First of all, let us solve this system in the sense of Kalkbrener.
+And now in the sense of Lazard (or Wu and other authors).
+We can see that the first decomposition is a subset of the second. So how can both be correct ?
+Recall first that polynomials from a domain of the category RecursivePolynomialCategory are regarded as univariate polynomials in their main variable. For instance the second polynomial in the first set of each decomposition has main variable y and its initial (i.e. its leading coefficient w.r.t. its main variable) is t z.
+Now let us explain how to read the second decomposition. Note that the non-constant initials of the first set are and . Then the solutions described by this first set are the common zeros of its polynomials that do not cancel the polynomials and . Now the solutions of the input system lp satisfying these equations are described by the second and the third sets of the decomposition. Thus, in some sense, they can be considered as degenerated solutions. The solutions given by the first set are called the generic points of the system; they give the general form of the solutions. The first decomposition only provides these generic points. This latter decomposition is useful when they are many degenerated solutions (which is sometimes hard to compute) and when one is only interested in general informations, like the dimension of the input system.
+We can get the dimensions of each component of a decomposition as follows.
+Thus the first set has dimension one. Indeed t can take any value, except 0 or any third root of 1, whereas z is completely determined from t, y is given by z and t, and finally x is given by the other three variables. In the second and the third sets of the second decomposition the four variables are completely determined and thus these sets have dimension zero.
+We give now the precise specifications of each decomposition. This assume some mathematical knowledge. However, for the non-expert user, the above explanations will be sufficient to understand the other features of the RSEGSET constructor.
+The input system lp is decomposed in the sense of Kalkbrener as finitely many regular sets T1,...,Ts such that the radical ideal generated by lp is the intersection of the radicals of the saturated ideals of T1,...,Ts. In other words, the affine variety associated with lp is the union of the closures (w.r.t. Zarisky topology) of the regular-zeros sets of T1,...,Ts.
+N. B. The prime ideals associated with the radical of the saturated ideal of a regular triangular set have all the same dimension; moreover these prime ideals can be given by characteristic sets with the same main variables. Thus a decomposition in the sense of Kalkbrener is unmixed dimensional. Then it can be viewed as a lazy decomposition into prime ideals (some of these prime ideals being merged into unmixed dimensional ideals).
+Now we explain the other way of solving by means of regular triangular sets. The input system lp is decomposed in the sense of Lazard as finitely many regular triangular sets T1,...,Ts such that the affine variety associated with lp is the union of the regular-zeros sets of T1,...,Ts. Thus a decomposition in the sense of Lazard is also a decomposition in the sense of Kalkbrener; the converse is false as we have seen before.
+When the input system has a finite number of solutions, both ways of solving provide similar decompositions as we shall see with this second example (Caprasse).
+Define a polynomial system.
+First of all, let us solve this system in the sense of Kalkbrener.
+And now in the sense of Lazard (or Wu and other authors).
+Up to the ordering of the components, both decompositions are identical.
+Let us check that each component has a finite number of solutions.
+Let us count the degrees of each component,
+and compute their sum.
+We study now the options of the zeroSetSplit operation. As we have seen yet, there is an optional second argument which is a boolean value. If this value is true (this is the default) then the decomposition is computed in the sense of Kalkbrener, otherwise it is computed in the sense of Lazard.
+There is a second boolean optional argument that can be used (in that case the first optional argument must be present). This second option allows you to get some information during the computations.
+Therefore, we need to understand a little what is going on during the computations. An important feature of the algorithm is that the intermediate computations are managed in some sense like the processes of a Unix system. Indeed, each intermediate computation may generate other intermediate computations and the management of all these computations is a crucial task for the efficiency. Thus any intermediate computation may be suspended, killed or resumed, depending on algebraic considerations that determine priorities for these processes. The goal is of course to go as fast as possible towards the final decomposition which means to avoid as much as possible unnecessary computations.
+To follow the computations, one needs to set to true the second argument. Then a lot of numbers and letters are displayed. Between a [ and a ] one has the state of the processes at a given time. Just after [ one can see the number of processes. Then each process is represented by two numbers between < and >. A process consists of a list of polynomial ps and a triangular set ts; its goal is to compute the common zeros of ps that belong to the regular-zeros set of ts. After the processes, the number between pipes gives the total number of polynomials in all the sets ps. Finally, the number between braces gives the number of components of a decomposition that are already computed. This number may decrease.
+Let us take a third example (Czapor-Geddes-Wang) to see how this information is displayed.
+Define a polynomial system.
+Let us try the information option. N.B. The timing should be between 1 and 10 minutes, depending on your machine.
+Between a sequence of processes, thus between a ] and a [ you can see capital letters W, G, I and lower case letters i, w. Each time a capital letter appears a non-trivial computation has be performed and its result is put in a hash-table. Each time a lower case letter appears a needed result has been found in an hash-table. The use of these hash-tables generally speed up the computations. However, on very large systems, it may happen that these hash-tables become too big to be handle by your AXIOM configuration. Then in these exceptional cases, you may prefer getting a result (even if it takes a long time) than getting nothing. Hence you need to know how to prevent the RSEGSET constructor from using these hash-tables. In that case you will be using the zeroSetSplit with five arguments. The first one is the input system lp as above. The second one is a boolean value hash? which is true iff you want to use hash-tables. The third one is boolean value clos? which is true iff you want to solve your system in the sense of Kalkbrener, the other way remaining that of Lazard. The fourth argument is boolean value info? which is true iff you want to display information during the computations. The last one is boolean value prep? which is true iff you want to use some heuristics that are performed on the input system before starting the real algorithm. The value of this flag is true when you are using zeroSetSplit with less than five arguments. Note that there is no available signature for zeroSetSplit with four arguments.
+We finish this section by some remarks about both ways of solving, in the sense of Kalkbrener or in the sense of Lazard. For problems with a finite number of solutions, there are theoretically equivalent and the resulting decompositions are identical, up to the ordering of the components. However, when solving in the sense of Lazard, the algorithm behaves differently. In that case, it becomes more incremental than in the sense of Kalkbrener. That means the polynomials of the input system are considered one after another whereas in the sense of Kalkbrener the input system is treated more globally.
+This makes an important difference in positive dimension. Indeed when solving in the sense of Kalkbrener, the Primeidealkettensatz of Krull is used. That means any regular triangular containing more polynomials than the input system can be deleted. This is not possible when solving in the sense of Lazard. This explains why Kalkbrener's decompositions usually contain less components than those of Lazard. However, it may happen with some examples that the incremental process (that cannot be used when solving in the sense of Kalkbrener) provide a more efficient way of solving than the global one even if the Primeidealkettensatz is used. Thus just try both, with the various options, before concluding that you cannot solve your favorite system with zeroSetSplit. There exist more options at the development level that are not currently available in this public version.
+186 total
+I was told to get a "civil referral." Would this be a route in obtaining a restricted license?
+You can get the restricted license after the 30 day suspension while your criminal case is still pending if you are enrolled in at least a 3 month DUI School, have SR-22 insurance on file with DMV and pay a reissue fee at DMV when you get the restricted license.
+You should consult a DUI lawyer who regularly practices in the county of your criminal case. The timing of your DMV and Criminal case can be important in making sure you get the shortest hard suspension possible. DMV has made recent changes that can result in a hard suspension for more than 30 days.See question
+I am able to reinstate my retricted license June 22, 2011. Will have completed one month of nine month dui school. Is License "restricted for 8 additonal months for duration of dui school?
+You are correct. The DMV will not allow full reinstatement of the license (ending the restriction) until you have completed the DUI School. The School will send DMV the proof of completion, and then you can pay to have the license full reinstated as long as you have an SR-22 on file with DMV.See question
+So my public defender help me get a dry reckless by pleading no contest. The Public defender told me that my license won't be suspended, but i did not fully understand how i will get my license back. Now that the case is over, i need a driver's li...
+What your public defender needed to do was try to get the court to make a finding of not guilty on the 23152(b) charge when you got the dry reckless. That finding could have been sent to DMV in Sacramento and the suspension of your license would have been lifted. Since that did not happen, you chances of getting a late hearing are between slim and none, much closer to none. Hiring an attorney to try and get this later or as DMV calls it belated hearing will probably be a waste of money. If you want to look further into the late hearing request, interview a few attorneys who practice mainly DUI law and who are members of the California DUI Lawyers Association and the National College for DUI Defense. These lawyers should give you free consultations.
+What you can do once you've served the 30 days of suspension is get a restricted license. To get that license you will need to enroll in and eventually complete a 32 hour DUI School. You will also need an SR-22, which you will need either way once you get your license reinstated. You will also have to pay a reissue fee to DMV. The license restriction will be for five months. If you choose not to get the restricted license, you can wait until you have served 120 days of suspension, then can get a full license back without doing the 32 hour DUI School, but you will still need the SR-22. A restricted license allows driving to and from work, while working and to and from the DUI School.See question
+I was involved in an hit and run on a parked vehicle. I had consumed 3/4 of a beer. I fled the scene, but found out the cops investigated, and called to turn myself in. The cops have me on record as buying 1 beer. I have a prior DUI conviction...
+Talk to a lawyer before talking to the cops again. The lawyer needs to know all the details of the case before advising you on how to proceed. You need proper legal advice in a situation like this.See question
+How long does it take for an insurance company (AAA) to find out that you've had a DUI? Would they raise your rates upon being arrested for a DUI alone or would they wait for a conviction of a DUI or reckless driving charge? I'm asking this be...
+The rates do not go up until renewal time. They are likely to find out about the DUI if they do a check before renewal. If you go with another company for the SR-22, do so before there is any loss of hearing at DMV or court conviction and you can save money. Make sure the SR-22 plan you get will allow you to transfer your full insurance if needed at a later date, for a good rate. You might try calling John MacDonald Insurance Services. They can explain how the insurance works and have saved my clients a lot of money over the years. Their number is 949 788-1020.See question
+this is my first time being arrested never been in cuffs till now... never nothing with the police.... did all the test on the side of the road and breathalyser.... but was never read my rights.... what should I expect next. can i fight this?
+You should be represented by a DUI lawyer in this matter, both at DMV and in court. You have 10 calendar days from the date of arrest to request an administrative per se hearing with the DMV to begin the process of saving your license. Have the DUI lawyer request this DMV hearing for you (assuming you hire them within the 10 days).
+Each court in the bay area is different, so what to expect in court will partially depend on what court you are in. If you are in Santa Clara County, they may not even offer a reduction of charges for this case. They often charge DUI's when the BAC is .07 or .06.
+To your question of can you fight this, the answer is yes. There are many defenses with a .08 BAC, such as margin of error on the breath machines and rising BAC.
+You can get a free consultation with a DUI lawyer, and should find one asap. To find a DUI lawyer look for someone who is a member of the California DUI Lawyers Association and the National College for DUI Defense.
+Aaron Bortel
+415 247-0700
+may pertain to my situation.
+Assuming you are talking about a DUI arrest and conviction seven years ago, then yes, the law has changed since then and the 10 year prior offense law applies to you. Like the old seven year prior law, it looks at the date of arrest, not conviction to determine if the new arrest for DUI can be charged as a second DUI.
+What you should also know is that this prior DUI within 10 year law may one day get extended. Some states count prior DUI's going back 20 years, and some make it a lifetime prior.See question
+I am 22 w/ a clean record, I've never been pulled over before, no prev DUI's. I went out drinking w/ friends. I spent the night at my friends house to avoid driving home drunk. I fall asleep by 3AM and wake up by 10AM. I get into my car parked uph...
+The best chance to get a reduced charge is to hire a DUI lawyer. Find someone who regularly practices in the County of your arrest. This attorney should be a member of the California DUI Lawyers Association and the National College for DUI Defense. Most DUI lawyers will offer a free consultation. Find the time to research attorneys and decide who you feel comfortable with.
+Every County and DA's office has a different policy on how far they will go. In the last few weeks I've had charges reduced due to client's line of work and understanding prosecutors. Both cases had .14/.13 results on the breath machines. While this was possible in one county, it would not have worked in some of the other local counties due to stricter DA office policies.
+There is too much on the line with your Nursing career to try and do this without an attorney.
+Good LuckSee question
+breathalyzer randomly. i had been drinking and therefore, blew a .03, .06 and finally a .04 (which is what i was cited for) .. and then he towed my car. he did not arrest me however.. Do i have a better chance of fighting this? Now that i am 21, d...
+Since this happened over three months ago, is it safe to assume you did not contact DMV to request a hearing? If that is the case, you can try to get a critical need license from the DMV (and court must also grant this request if you are convicted of an infraction DUI that results in a one year suspension). A critical need license requires someone who was under 21 when arrested for DUI to show they support themselves and there is no other way to get to work or school than by car. DMV rarely grants them and an experienced DUI lawyer can help you apply.
+In fighting the court case, your attorney will probably want to go after the accuracy of the machine used to test your BAC. You should do a free consultation with a DUI lawyer who practices in the Bay Area. There is a lot more this attorney will need to know to further guide you in this case.
+Aaron Bortel
+650 5th Street, Suite 508
+San Francisco, CA 94107
+(415) 247-0700
+I got a DUI in 2001, 2007, and 2008 so 3 all together and I received my License to drive on April 1, 2011 so just about a month ago. After my 3rd DUI i did everything I was asked to do. However, just a couple days ago, I was pulled over for sp...
+Probation for a DUI can be from 3-5 years. On a 3rd DUI, probation is often for 5 years. You might even be on two probations. For your 3rd DUI, a probation violation can result in up to a year in jail minus whatever time you served when convicted of the DUI.
+One condition of probation is that you not drive with alcohol in your system. Not only are you facing the court action for this violation, but assuming the cops turned in paperwork to the DMV after the new arrest, you could lose your license for a year. This is an actual hard suspension with no restricted driving allowed.
+In order to save your license and have the best chance to avoid a probation violation, you should contact an experienced DUI lawyer who practices in your area. A good place to look is an attorney who is a member of the National College for DUI Defense (NCDD) and the California DUI Lawyers Association (CDLA).See question
+No Mumbles this week, since she had important supervillains to punch in the face. No Rutskarn this week, because [insert joke about Rutskarn being eight years old]! But we did have Jarenth. On the downside, Jarenth caused an inordinate number of deaths. Like, I don’t know how he manages to suck at the game this bad.
+I mentioned on the podcast that I tend to binge on games. When I don’t, I tend to have mishaps like the one we talked about in this episode. Back when Tomb Raider was still fresh, I took a couple of days off from it. When I came back, I misunderstood how rope arrows worked. I had it in my head that it was context-based and that shooting at rope-arrow surfaces with the standard attack button would automatically cause it to fire a rope arrow. (For the record, there’s a special rope-arrow button. On the PC, it’s middle mouse button.)
+I thought the game was glitching out when it refused to shoot a rope arrow at the ladder/crane thing. Hey! The cursor is red, it should fire a rope arrow when I shoot at this. Am I at the wrong angle? Do I need to be closer? Maybe up on this platform?
+Moments like this can really take the fun out of a game. This is yet another way in which Games Are Very Much Not Movies. If you pause a movie for a couple of days you might forget the plot, but you’ll never forget something in a way that makes it impossible to watch the rest of the movie.
+So that’s why I binge on games. After you play a few thousand videogames, their various control schemes, conventions, and idiosyncrasies kind of blur together.
+EDIT: So we can’t embed the video here. Looks like somebody is claiming they own a segment of this video. (The part where Lara ascends away from the ship.) And because we’re using “their” footage YouTube has nailed us with a copyright infringing claim. And now embedding is disabled.
+This entire copyright system on YouTube is ludicrous. There is something deeply Kafkaesque about arguing with the YouTube robot about using content from an anonymous corporation. That’s a really good basis for dystopian fiction, right there. Thankfully it’s just a dumb claim against an internet video and not something dangerous, but still. This sort of thing is SO unjust and nonsensical it’s hard not to be outraged just by the sheer bloody-mindedness of it all.
+Anyway. We’re working on it. Hopefully we can clear this claim and get back to normal.
+EDIT II: Maybe the claim isn’t related to the embed lockout. I just managed to allow embedding without dealing with the claim. I have no idea. Apparently on an advanced options screen there’s a checkmark for allowing or forbidding embeds, and it was mysteriously unchecked. I’m mystified how it got that way, but whatever. Hopefully no more strangeness.
+YouTube copyright matching system still sucks.
+What is Vulkan?
+There's a new graphics API in town. What does that mean, and why do we need it?
+Skyrim Thieves Guild
+The Thieves Guild quest in Skyrim is a vortex of disjointed plot-holes, contrivances, and nonsense.
+Why The Christmas Shopping Season is Worse Every Year
+Everyone hates Black Friday sales. Even retailers! So why does it exist?.
+80 thoughts on “Tomb Raider EP19: A Couple of Tools”
+So related to all the Tomb Raider jokes, when I was staying at a friend’s house, I played through The Last of Us, which also has a bow, so I started to make various jokes about Larry Craft and Tom Braider that culminated in me saying this:
+This summer… When Larry Craft and his shipmates shipwreck on the Island of the Rufios, all hope is lost when Larry’s best friend Sammy Hinohosa is captured by the eeevil Father Matty.
+“Give it up, Larry! There’s no way you’ll ever save your friend Sammy Hinohosa!”
+His only hope is to take up the bow and arrow and learn the truth about his lost heritage from his best friendtor Rory…
+“I never told you Larry… the Crafts weren’t your real parents. You’re actually… the last of the Braiders…”
+It all comes down to one man and his arrers…
+“Give it up, Larry! There’s no way you can win!”
+“My name isn’t Larry. I am… Tom Braider!”
+For the record, Father Matty’s voiced by Rutskarn’s Mr. House impression and Tom Braider sounds like Christian Bale’s Batman. I got a laugh from my friend so all is good.
+It’s Far Cry 3, Chris. Though, given how much Tomb Raider and FC3 manage to look like each other (on the ship), it’s a pretty easy mistake to make.
+When I was waching, I thought it could also be Resident Evil Revelations. But Far Cry 3 sounds more likely.
+Revelations’ swimming was annoying but it wasn’t that horrible. Also if Chris has actually played Revelations then I demand a video of him sitting down and trying to make heads or tails of what happened in that game. Because I got the game almost on launch day and I couldn’t explain the plot.
+Embedding disabled on request?
+Situation Normal… You know the rest.
+But yes, it does seem to have embedding disabled.
+Should be fixed now.
+That boat is extremely fuel efficient. It gets more miles per galleon.
+I do not treasure that pun.
+This pun made me keel over.
+I mast remind you, too many puns will get you shipped out. Don’t frigate, take caravel and don’t sloop up.
+Personally, I’d prefer if he got deported schooner rather than later
+Good point, that kind of Junk could me mistaken for trawling.
+I actually just played through this section of the game today. Fun fact: if you have the graphics turned down, you can’t actually tell that Lara is looking at a mirror during that one cut scene. Makes it kinda funny–she just stares at the locker door for a few seconds.
+Regarding Chris’ comment that it needs to be like a horror game that was actually the original plan. Then they decided to dial down the horror and dial up the action, and they didn’t get the balance quite right.
+I definitely agree with the smaller combat encounters idea. I’m a shooter newbie (this is basically the first shooter I’ve played to any meaningful extent), and I’m finding that I get a lot less enjoyment out of the big battles. Early on the big fights were intimidating, but then after I got used to dying a lot they just kinda became a chore. Little encounters, on the other hand, have stayed entertaining because I know that I can get through them in one try if I’m careful. I have no expectation of getting through the big fights without trial and error, so it takes away a lot of the fun.
+Also, am I the only one who gets a bit of a sympathetic stinging pain every time they see the cuts on Lara’s shoulders?
+I tuned out on empathy after she took the rebar to the kidney in the opening.
+Even as a major shooter junkie, this one’s longer fights do manage to outstay their welcome. Combat’s good, but it isn’t quite fluid enough to hold up the rest of the game.
+Even if the combat is good (and personally, I did kinda enjoy TR’s… though not my favorite), there’s still that niggling feeling like something’s wrong when you fight a whole ton of guys on an island as small as this one. A lot of people know about the 1-man (or woman in this case) army trope, and while that works for many stories… I don’t think it works so well for a survival story wherein someone with no combat experience (and an injury no less) takes on an island of crazy cultists.
+A counterargument might be that you need lots of enemies to have sufficient gameplay/challenge, but I call that being lazy in design when there’s PLENTY of fun gameplay outside of the shooting here. And I would think there are ways to make small numbers of enemies much more engaging so that you wouldn’t even need more in the first place.
+Still, at least TR had a lot more than the shooting to like (and the shooting wasn’t terrible IMO). So while it wasn’t an amazing game, I think it was still worth playing in the end.
+EDIT: And yet again I use the wrong email address. I’ve been using my other one too much lately it seems….
+EDIT2: Or I could just add the other address. I’m smurt.
+I’m still bitter about Darksiders being a dead franchise now.
+I’ve played a good bit of the first one. If you want to play something similar, it might help to know that the whole thing is basically God of War crossed with Twilight Princess (but then, what successful action game ISN’T GoW crossed with something else these days?) with a liberal dose of 90’s comic aesthetic dumped over it. All of those things can be found in other, not-dead-franchised games.
+Sadly, we only get a new Zelda game about once a generation, and they’ve been increasingly sparse of inspiration since OOT.
+Yeah those two games are fun,there are some zelda games like anodyne,just have too look around a bit that game get´s me confused a bit where is now open with the new item.
+Correct me if I’m wrong, but I thought the rope arrows were semi-context based. While they have a dedicated button, placing your crosshairs over rope arrowable object automatically switched to them as well.
+No, placing the crosshairs over rope-able surfaces just changes the crosshair to let you know that it’s a rope-able surface. You still have to push the right button.
+Now I’m curious. Has there ever been another Spoiler Warning recording session with two hosts in the same place? And yes, I’m counting Jarenth as a host for this…
+Also, I demand outtakes so we can at least see if Jarenth is any better at the game than Josh!
+I don’t think they have. Shamus and Josh have met in-person at PAX before, and /presumably/ Josh and Glitch have been in the same room before (though probably not while doing SW stuff). But I think that’s it :/
+Yeah, I know about various actual meetings (Josh and Mumbles did PAX one year, Josh and Shamus did PAX East, and Josh and Glitch fairly obviously…) which is why I asked specifically about recording sessions.
+There was the Dinner Date Rutstream the ‘Skarn and I did together last summer.
+I wasn’t aware of this. Is it archived somewhere that’ll last, like the Saints Row 3 stream wasn’t?
+Dinner Date… just more fuel for the Josh/Ruts shippers ;D
+Not to worry. This game shows us what happens to ships in Spoiler Warning.
+Way to go stealing all our blame Jabar! Why to just take all the resentment for yourself… jerk! I BLAME YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL OUR BLAMED DEAD!
+This part with Alex. It annoyed me. Yes, Roth and the other guy who died were cheaply killed too, but at least they were killed along the way to something else, and we get to meet them before that. Alex is killed right as he’s introduce, and we went out specifically to rescue him before the game decided to snatch that away from us.
+It’s the game trying to show that the good guys don’t always win. You fail to save the first pilot. You fail to save the second pilot. You fail to save Brother Grim. You have do chose to give up trying to save Alex (so that Roth can be right about sacrifice). Who will you fail to save next?
+It’s meant to pay off when you spit Himiko in the face rescue the girlfr… the princ…I mean Sam the plank against all odds and expectations.
+Except the story doesn’t work as intended :( Partly because Sam fails to be a goal of interest and partly because it’s too predicatble.
+But by this point the game’s shown that three times more than it needed to already. I get it game! I already get it!
+Don’t we have to call this episode Disclosure Warning or something?
+Also, and very sorry to go all valve all over your
+censored, but watching Josh jump off that cliff repeatedly brought back memories of the commentary on Portal 2. There’s a part near the end where you’re clearly supposed to “throw a portal to not die,” creating a link back to their last portal. But people forgot which color they’d already placed (and so what color they needed to throw to link it properly). So half the time in the play testing, they threw the wrong color, so they died.
+So Valve made the game cheat – OK, if you place the wrong portal here, the game will switch the portal you placed earlier to the “right” color, so we’re cool. Sure, they could have DIAS’ed you into eventually remembering the right color to place, but is that really more fun than “we get what you meant to do, and it was the right idea, so here – have some win!”?
+This bit right here is an excellent example of why sometimes it makes sense for games to cheat. Tom Braider COULD have some code to “snap to the rope” when you’re jumping “close enough” to a rope that it’s clear that you’re trying to hit it (and there’s clearly nothing else you’d be trying to do). Instead, they chose to shout “Not close enough! Try harder next time. Enjoy this death animation – we worked hard on it!”
+There’s a difference between making a game challenging and making a game less enjoyable to play.
+I see this same problem in so many third-person games. It’s the same root cause every time: a demand for excessive accuracy in character placement. The “interact radius” to Do A Thing is made too small, and with the inherent imprecision in third-person movement (since the character is animated, unlike in first-person, it’s VERY hard to allow the player to move an arbitrarily small distace; this is also why it’s possible via keyboard tapdancing to make the character run in very tiny circles) it becomes an exercise in frustration. I suspect this would be more forgiving with thumbstick movement, which allows arbitrary speed scaling rather than the digital “stand still/run full-tilt” control of a keyboard, but it’s a frustration.
+To be fair, it actually isn’t that hard usually to land on the ropes – they do have some significant leeway – just that Josh missed both times by quite a bit.
+On the other hand, it seemed more like a controls/movement issue rather than a failure on Josh’s part. More like the jump he was about to make wasn’t really clear somehow.
+Either way, I agree there’s room for improvement on the mechanic.
+Also, around minute 20 where you crash through the concrete floor and find the world war two logbook….
+The first sentence is “Months of excavation have at last yielded new information concerning the weather patterns gripping this island.”
+That sentence makes no gorram sense.
+Person A: “Hey, there are some crazy weather patterns on this island. I wonder what’s causing them.”
+Person B: “You’re right! Let’s commence an archaeological dig at once!”
+Person A: “I don’t think archaeology will help us here. We need meterology. I was thinking more a weather station, maybe a barometer, something like that…”
+Person B: “No, you fool! The secret is clearly to find a tomb of some sort.”
+Person A: “A…tomb? Why would there be a tomb, and how could it possibly help us if there was?”
+Person B: “It could be a king. Or a sage. Or a general. You know. Someone important.”
+Person A: (stunned silence)
+Person B: “Oh, yeah, also, I’m the one with the gun here. Start digging.”
+Person A: (grumbling)
+…
+Much, much later…
+Person A: “You’re not going to believe it! Despite this being the stupidest idea ever, somehow your crazy ‘Let’s dig for tombs’ plan might actually have lead to some insight into the crazy weather patterns!
+Person B: “Well, FINALLY! It’s about time!”
+Person A: “I hate you so much.”
+This really isn’t any more crazy than the Nazis devoting an absurd amount of manpower and resources to obtaining the Ark of the Covenant and the Holy Grail. It’s actually a bit more sensible than either of those, since in this case there are both anomalous weather patterns and presumably old legends of an ancient weather-controlling queen that used to live there. Whereas in Raiders of the Lost Ark, until the end there wasn’t any strong evidence that the Ark had any supernatural powers whatsoever.
+In fact, things like this happen in real life more often than you would think. For instance, both the US and the USSR funded programs studying psychic powers during the Cold War.
+So, your counter-argument is “It’s not appreciably crazier than Hitler?”
+Goodwin wins again!
+Go google ‘canceled DARPA projects’ and see some of the ridiculous crap that modern governments invest in. Then we have the weirdness of CIA and the KGB in the Cold War with mind-control experiments with LSD, ESP spying, stuff like that. It’s not really ‘less crazy than Hitler’, more ‘less crazy than a lot of intelligence agencies/weird think tanks.’
+That is only if they leapt to digging, seems reasonable to me that they would have heard about the island, gone there, maybe found some kind of odd signal or something that lead them to start studying specific parts of the island and hence doing the digging.
+It isn’t like he is going to outline the entire process in a single entry.
+They do dig holes to find about about ancient climates, they just do it in ice (the really old stuff in Greenland and Antarctica and places of that sort).
+And you could argue that they’re looking for ancient inscriptions/writings that mention the weather (like someone complaining about it or mentioning a drought or whatever), but yeah, it seems like a very long shot in the dark. It’s not like most tomb writers mention things like “the damn rain’s been going on for two months” or “this is an unusually not hot summer” but they might mention “the entire fleet was destroyed by a freak storm out of nowhere right when they were about to leave” which could be useful, I guess.
+Only reason I could think of would be for some kind of volcanic explosion (i.e. volcanoes can leave big archaeological markers, like Pompeii, and affect climate at the same time).
+Oh god yes I would have loved this game so much more if it was stealth based.
+As I commented on Chris’ Tomb Raider video, having this be more stealth based and perhaps a mechanic where you need to constantly get food/shelter ala Don’t Starve would have made the game so much better.
+Well, at the very least it would have made the story make alot more dang sense (goddamn clown car island).
+I approve of the Stealth base, but I don’t honestly think having Don’t Starve esque mechanics would help this game at all.
+“Shamus Young
+Takes three guys each morning”
+And here I thought he was married to a woman.
+He has to prove himself to her each day at dawn via prowess in combat.
+This is why you should never claim your bride from a family that has their own colosseum next to the bar-b-que.
+That or Shaumus is a Highlander. After all, there can be only one.
+I just can’t believe they keep feeding Shamus after all this time. He’s already over with the crowd, so I think they should give him more proper matches, maybe against the mid cards like Randy or Jarenth.
+“He has to prove himself to her each day at dawn via prowess in combat.”
+See,that would be “takes on three guys”,not “takes three guys”.
+At some point, the others are going to realize they shouldn’t let me do the titles.
+BUT NOT TODAY.
+So when a swordsman “takes a head,” what exactly do you think happens?
+The Quickening, obviously.
+Something VERY different than when a guy “takes head.”
+If the opening graphic is in any way accurate, having “Spoiler Warning” on the ship’s bow implies that Josh was steering it. This makes me think he might have been at the helm of every other ship we’ve seen.
+It would explain a LOT about the island.
+I often think of Spoiler Warning as a ship that, without Shamus at the helm, is rather prone to run aground. Exactly like the ships in this game! So, does that mean that Tomb Raider is actually a sort of Spoiler Warning simulator?
+That whole scene with Alex’s death was odd. It obviously was supposed to be something, but there was nothing leading up to it. Almost all at once, we learn Alex has a thing for Lara, is trying to help the group (with the simultaneous intent of trying to get Lara’s attention and impress her), then she gives him the goodbye peck and kaboom. Sad Lara.
+I’m not against it, and I even have some sympathy/pity for Alex, but this really needed a better set-up.
+It does kinda feel like they crammed in some motivation to make us care that he died. The book/note that you find where he reveals his feelings felt, to me, mostly like how Sam gushes over Lara, which strikes me as less romantic drama development and more the game preening itself over its main character like a bad fanfiction. “Ah yeah, she’s just so pretty and smart and capable.”
+I don’t remember it very well, so I’d have to look at it again. But could it be they were trying to show Alex’s insecurity with himself?
+I agree that Alex was a bit out of nowhere, and there should clearly have been more build-up to this point as regards his character in general, but I found the notion that Lara had no idea that Alex had a thing for her until that point really sold me on the idea that they were both geeks in their respective ways.
+Nobody can do unrequited (and unnoticed!) love like a pair of bookworms!
+That may be a reasonable explanation, but it doesn’t really work in a story that doesn’t properly set it up. Lara knows Alex; I don’t. It doesn’t. It felt awkward and crammed.
+I can’t really blame Josh for all those cliff deaths. I died the same way, there. Something about the rope being below you throws you off, I guess.
+The Endurance set piece, in general, and mirror scene, in particular, is another thing that makes me agree that there was probably a plan to start you off on the Endurance. There’re what? five guys total on the ship that you can fight? Once you’re below deck it felt more like a tour of changes. I imagine something akin to Half Life 2’s City 17 plaza, with the dramatic bit being at the locker, which felt like it might have had, at one time, a mirror of the mirror scene. One introducing us to Lara’s face and then this one.
+The problem with the fights isn’t that there were many, but that the types of fights didn’t alernate well for long stretches.
+The game pretty much has three types of fights:
+-Enemies block your way. You can sneak or charge or snipe or whatever you like. Those are fun and come in many sizes.
+-Enemies blocking your way and they know you’re coming. Ok, no sneaking is less choice, but a few of them still feel fun (especially what should have been the final big fight of the game where Lara assaults Himiko’s stronghold).
+-You get trapped in a small area and have to fight of waves of respawning mooks. Ok, a few traps should be in the game for variety. But respanwing enemies are pure arcade and after the injury part there were too many all at once of that.
+They charge you at the helicopter. They charge you at the gate. They charge you at grims tower. (small reprive with other fights). Then they charge you again on top of grims tower. They will never surrrender, they will never cease following the branngian stratagem.
+The game needed more freedom in how to fight, basically. When it gave you that choice, the combat was great. When it didn’t, it thankfully managed to not be annoying, but wasn’t great anymore.
+I could see a game where half of the gameplay was in avoiding the big-mass firefights, and the other half was in perfectly executing ambushes on small groups of stragglers.
+A modern-day Thief with guns? (Once you’re fighting more than a couple enemies at once that know where you are, you’re dead!)
+Ooh, yeah. In fact, some people with rather controversial opinions (*cough* conspiracy theorists *cough*)have been known to use the ‘reporting’ system as a way of silencing critics who use portions of their videos for illustrative purposes and is, in fact, an act of perjury. Yes, as in the crime perjury. I can name one name in particular who is well known for this.
+Just another way in which a system in which one is guilty until proven innocent is unjust.
+Well, a lot of the public doesn’t really understand the ramifications, and a lot of the people filing take-downs don’t either. Which is why the whole counterclaim process exists. Essentially all one has to do is say “It tain’t n’t neither” to the claim “that’s mine” and it goes back up and YouTube gets to wash their hands of it legally.
+Re:Reducing the combat level – they could also have, y’know, not given every mook guns. They’re stranded on some island, it always makes me wonder where the heck they’re getting all these guns and bullets from.
+Don’t be stupid. As Lara clearly shows us when she raids them, ancient Japanese tombs are littered with parts for modern guns and ammunition for them.
+You know, that does make me wonder… what would it be like if they HAD put unarmed dudes in with the armed ones? Would Laura still be obligated to kill them? Would they just run and hide?
+I feel like there’s a lot of interesting possibility they could leverage with that. Maybe even as a way to remove the issue of the body count – only a quarter of the people are actually armed, but you make the decision on how many you kill. Unarmed guys could still sound the alarm, but otherwise wouldn’t hurt you unless you got too close (and even then, probably would run away from the crazy lady with weapons).
+I feel like I haven’t seen any games that try to do this… am I forgetting any? It just seems like a very interesting mechanic to me.
+Arcade shooters have had hostages and civilians since the 80s, and if I remember correctly, Operation Anchorage had some non-combatant Chinese scientists that you lost karma(oh noes!) for killing.
+Hm, a backpacking trip through Bulgaria… Why do I have the feeling my country is being used as “this exotic country nobody knows anything about” again?
+It’s near Totalslava.
+Moscow in a lot of the dumb action movies is actually Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, so it’s not like Americans haven’t seen it. Hell, in one movie Sofia played London!
+Am I the only one petty enough to get his jimmies rustled by the way the rope clips through Larry’s legs and boots when she uses the ascender? Or the way, when she jumps from one rope to another at 24 minutes in, the second rope clips through her torso and head? Seriously, what is this, I don’t even. Or maybe I’m the only one who sees it and know I’ve cursed you all.
+I’m also curious as to why Larry doesn’t suffer massive cranial trauma when she smacks her noggin into stuff after zip-lining into them head-first.
+The big thing that bugs me is when she zip lines across multiple ropes like at the end of the video, across a huge distance and building up a ton of speed, and then just lightly stumbles at the end. That should be eating shit with a mouthful of broken teeth, at best. Probably broken legs. But nope, she’s fine.
+Regarding the takedown it reminds me of the issues both MrBTongue and SFDebris have had with the same YouTube copyright management system. It’s way too easy to abuse and is being abused by people in internet slap fights and by actual copyright holders (such as SEGA with TotalBiscuit)
+NOOOOO! Not Harry Potter! NOOOOOO! Damn it Harry, where’d you lose your wand and what muggle would ever send you after tools? Snicker, tool, wand, snicker. Yup, mental age of 5 atm.
+(Yes, I see Alex and think Harry Potter)
+Also, Shamus, did you finally get rid of the respawning mooks guarding your teapot? ;)
+Did anyone else notice that the seven-foot tall grenade-resistant Punch-Out boss had a little stuffed animal on his belt, when the camera zoomed in for Lara to steal his stuff?
+“is kind of a nice, light-handed ‘f*ck you’ to the people playing the game, and I thought that was nice”
+I’m not sure why you would think that was nice. (I don’t think it was meant to be read like that, but I don’t see why it would be good if it was.)
+For instance, GTAV is pretty much an extended f*ck you to its playerbase, not in the sense that it’s a bad game but in the sense that its story exudes a deep and vicious disdain for anybody who would dare enjoy it. I never finished that game for that reason, and I’m glad Tomb Raider didn’t go for that. To me, Alex is just a fanboy with a crush who makes some bad decisions, and imo that’s more human than most of the things Lara does over the game. Our emotional relation to Lara is largely built on making her suffer theatrically to counterbalance the fact that outside of cutscenes she’s essentially a psychopath. I think that Alex’s view on Lara says more about our warped relation to “heroes” than on gamers, and in that light I think Lara comes off worse than he does.
+Narrative aside, Lara is actually super interesting if you consider the checkpoint mechanic and the context of gameplay, in that she first cannot die and second, cannot stop, ever. I think the games could have gotten more mileage out of what that would do to a person, though her suicidal recklessness does hint at it. She essentially has no choice but to win at any>
+Don Bosco Preparatory High School
+From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
+Don Bosco Preparatory High School (Don Bosco Prep) is a private, Roman Catholic secondary school for young men, grades 9 through 12. Founded by the Salesians of Don Bosco, a religious order of priests and brothers, Don Bosco Prep is attended by eight hundred seventy-five students . The school is situated on a thirty-five acre campus in Ramsey, New Jersey, United States.
+Accreditation
+Accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Don Bosco Prep is a member of The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, The National Catholic Educational Association, The National Association of Secondary School Principals, The National Honor Society and The New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association.
+Location
+Don Bosco Prep is located in the Borough of Ramsey, New Jersey. The institution draws students from a wide geographical region, including Bergen, Passaic, Morris, Essex and Sussex counties in New Jersey as well as Rockland and Orange counties in New York. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark.
+Course offerings
+Courses currently available include: Algebra I*, Geometry*, Algebra II/Trigonometry*, Pre-Calculus*, Statistics, AP Calculus AB and BC, Composition, American Literature*, British Literature*, AP English Language and Composition, AP English Literature and Composition, Creative Writing, AP Latin, Latin, French, Italian, German, Spanish*, World History*, AP United States History*, AP European History, AP United States Government and Politics, Biology*, Chemistry*, Physics*, Environmental Science, AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP Environmental Science, AP Physics B, Astronomy, AP Psychology, Economics, Criminal Justice, Film Studies, Intro to Law, Sociology, Musical Arts, Theology, Anatomy and Physiology, Fine Arts, AP Studio Art, Visual BASIC, and Computer Science
+- * an honors version of the class is available
+Athletics
+The athletic teams are nicknamed the Ironmen and the school colors are maroon and white. In 2008 they were ranked as the number nine sports program in the nation by Sports Illustrated.[2]
+The school was recognized as the Group A winner of the NJSIAA ShopRite Cup in 2006-07..[3]
+Fall
+The Prep fields football, soccer and cross country teams in the fall.
+The cross country team has won the New Jersey State Championship for 2007, placed third at the Nike Northeast Regional Race, and placed 10th at Nike Team Nationals in Portland, Oregon. They also recently ended Christian Brothers Academy's 11-year winning streak at the state group championships, and in 2005 the freshman cross country team ended the 19 year streak of CBA in the NJCTCs.[4]. More recently the squad finished sixth in the country at Nike Cross Nationals.
+The soccer team were state runners-up in 2009 and is a perennial competitor for the state title. They have been described as a focused team that deals very well with adversity. In 2009, they defeated Bergen Catholic High School in the Bergen County Tournament final 3-0. Villanova commit Dylan Renna scored along with finishes by Gio Esposito and Ryan McNamara. The team also won the county championship in 2007 and were ranked No. 1 in the state and No. 4 in country.[citation needed]
+There is also a fall crew team, started in 2006, and they hope to expand upon the reputation and success that DBP has gained in spring rowing.
+Don Bosco Prep's football program is a competitor for the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA) Non-Public Group IV championship almost every year, appearing in every state championship game since 2002. Since Don Bosco first started playing pigskin, the Ironmen have won 12 state championships (1968, 1970, 1973, 1983, 1984, 1990, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008,and 2009). Don Bosco Prep has been boosted by regular season competition with perennial powerhouses such as Bergen Catholic High School and Saint Joseph Regional High School. The football team ended the 2002 season ranked No. 8 in the nation in USA Today’s “Super 25” ranking of the best high school football teams in the country[5], and was ranked 2nd in the nation in the 2003 season.[6] In 2006, the Ironmen finished the season ranked No. 7 in the nation.[7] In 2002, 2003, and 2006, the football team won the Star Ledger Trophy as the best team in New Jersey[citation needed] and ended the season in each of those three years ranked number 1 in the East by USA Today.[8][9][10]
+On September 27, 2008, the nationally-ranked football team traveled to California where they defeated powerhouse De La Salle High School 23 - 21 on national television, the winning margin coming with 10 seconds left on a 19-yard field goal.[11]
+On September 12, 2009, the Ironmen hosted national powerhouse De La Salle High School, from Concord, California. The Ironmen of Don Bosco defeated De La Salle 30-6, for the second consecutive time. Don Bosco also traveled later in the year to Prattville, Alabama to take on this National powerhouse. This game was televised nation wide by ESPN. The Ironmen came out on top winning 35-24. The Ironmen finished the season with an undefeated record of 12-0, while finishing strong with a 35-15 victory over Saint Peter's Prep, in the state championships, at Giants Stadium.
+In the beginning of the season the Ironmen were ranked as one of the top 30 teams in the nation, and after some solid wins the Ironmen kept moving up in the rankings, becoming the second best team in the nation, until national powerhouse Saint Thomas Aquinas,Fort Lauderdale, Florida lost in the Florida State Semi-finals Playoffs, and the Ironmen of Don Bosco Prep became number one in the nation. The Ironmen finished up as number one in the nation, achieving their first national title. The Don Bosco Prep Ironmen became the first team in New Jersey State history to finish at number one in the nation. The Ironmen lost many seniors in 2009, many went on to Divison I colleges such as, The University of Virginia, Boston College, Rutgers University, The University of Pittsburgh, and many others. Without a doubt the 2009 Ironmen will be one of the best in High School Football history.
+Winter
+Don Bosco currently fields eight varsity athletic teams in the winter including the three-time defending Bergen County Champion basketball team, a hockey team, wrestling, and bowling programs. DBP also has swimming and fencing teams, a ski racing team and an indoor track & field program. Don Bosco's ski team has won the league championship five years in a row, and always has a strong showing in the state race.
+The swimming program was only introduced three years ago but has climbed the ranks to place third this year in its league. On January 5, 2008, Don Bosco swim team beat Bergen Catholic High School, in a 98-72 win for the Ironmen that was the first time Bergen Catholic has lost in 23 years at a duel meet.[12]
+The Bosco hockey squad is expected to be a strong contender for state championships in the coming years under the direction of Greg Toskos (the program's all-time leading scorer. This comes shortly after the departure of Gene Katz. Toskos played for the Ironmen hockey team in the early 1990s, when the team was recognized as a state-powerhouse. In 1994, the program experienced its best year, posting a 27-3 record and reaching the state finals where they lost to Christian Brothers Academy.
+Don Bosco's fencing team is a perennial powerhouse, finishing the 2007 season second in the league and placing 8th in the state. Each of the team's squads also had an impressive showing at States, as the épée team placed 6th, the saber 10th, and the foil 15th.
+The indoor track team has risen to national prominence in the past few years, with a 2006 National Title in the 3200m (4x800m) relay at the National Scholastic Indoor Championships held in New York City. In addition, the Ironmen have won County championships indoors for 4 consecutive years and have won numerous league/conference and invitational titles.
+The wrestling team won the 2007 Non-Public North A state sectional championship with a 32-28 win against rival Bergen Catholic High School.[13]
+Spring
+The school offers seven varsity sports in the spring season including baseball, golf, lacrosse, track & field, tennis, rowing/crew, and volleyball.
+The Ironmen are 4-time state champions in spring track with wins in 1955, 1961, 2006 and most recently in 2009, when they defeated Seton Hall Prep, 95-68. The track team has won county championships for several years running, and has won many league & conference titles in the NNJIL. Also of note, the 2007 Sprint Medley Relay team of Jason Kelsey, Matthew Cato, Marvin Whilby and Sharif Webb captured a National Title at the Nike Outdoor Nationals held in Greensboro, NC. In 2009, the 4x1 Mile Relay team earned All-American status with a 5th place finish at the Nike Outdoor Nationals.
+The baseball team won the county title in 2001, 2006, 2007, and 2008. The 2008 squad posted a record of 33-0 and won the non-public A state championship, and were ranked No. 2 in the nation by USA Today that season. The team is now coached by former MLB pitcher Mike Stanton.
+The crew team has grown into a regional powerhouse, sweeping the New Jersey State Championships, as well as fielding a Men's Junior Double that finished 2nd at the National Championship.
+The lacrosse, golf and volleyball teams are teams on the rise. (The golf team finished undefeated in 2009 and was ranked within the top 5 teams in the state.)
+Clubs
+Don Bosco Prep offers clubs and activities for student involvement. These include:[citation needed]
+- Liberty in North Korea
+- Paintball Team/Club
+- Pro-Life Club
+- Venture Crew
+- Debate Team
+- Mock Trial
+- Theater Programs
+- French Club
+- Mission Club
+- Ambassadors Club
+- Model United Nations
+- Model Congress
+- Student Government
+- Concert Band
+- Youth MinistrySt. John Bosco, the "Friend of the Young and the Poor," is the patron saint of Don Bosco Prep.
+- Liturgical Choir/Chorus
+- Art Club
+- Business Club
+- German Culture Club
+- Italian Club
+- Amnesty International
+- Yearbook (The Bosconian)
+- Newspaper (The Ironman)
+- Peer Mediation
+- Hacky Sack Club
+- Frisbee Tub (Half team half club)
+- Outdoors Club
+- Chess Club
+- Anime Club (The Society for the Study of Modern Visual Culture)
+- French Club
+- Writing Club
+- Karate Club
+- Ski and Snowboard Club
+- Environmental Awareness Club
+Concert Series
+In order to raise awareness of arts at Don Bosco Prep, the music department and alumni have begun a series of concerts. Some of these concerts feature religious or classical music and are included in the "Mary, Help of Christians Chapel Concert Series." Other concerts, organized by the alumni association, present more contemporary music. Billed artists have included:
+- John Pizzarelli (who graduated in 1977) and Bucky Pizzarelli, famed jazz artists
+- Liza Minnelli, winner of the Tony, the Emmy, the Oscar, and the Grammy
+- Chanticleer, San Francisco All-Male A Capella Choir
+- Philip Smith, Principal Trumpeteer of the New York Philharmonic
+- Gordon Turk, Concert Organist
+- Yale Whiffenpoofs, The Oldest U.S. Collegiate A Capella Group
+Notable alumni
+- Matthew Bogdanos, Author , "Thieves of Baghdad" and New York City Assistant District Attorney.[14]
+- Marc "Moose" Malusis - WFAN sports radio personality.[citation needed]
+- Jason Patric (born Jason Patric Miller, 1966-), Actor, The Lost Boys, Sleepers
+- John Pizzarelli (born 1960), jazz Guitarist/Singer.[15]
+- Don Van Natta, Jr. (born 1964), Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist at The New York Times and bestselling author of First Off the Tee.
+- John P. Wallace, President, NBC Owned & Operated Television Stations [16]
+Athletes
+- Bryan Miller, spent two years at Don Bosco before playing for USA Junior hockey team; current St. Louis Blues defenseman
+- C. J. Nitkowski (born 1973), MLB pitcher.[17]
+- Michael Mullin- Team USA Bowler (1999-2002), 1 PBA Tour Television Appearance
+- Ryan Grant (born 1982), Running Back, Green Bay Packers.[18]
+- Matt Simms, Quarterback, University of Louisville, son of former New York Giants' quarterback Phil Simms.[19]
+- Brian Toal, Linebacker/Running Back, Boston College; 2004 Big East Rookie of the Year; 2003 Gatorade Player of the Year.[20]
+- Mike Teel (born 1986), starting quarterback, Rutgers University, Seattle Seahawks.[21]
+- Justin Trattou- Defensive end University of Florida
+- Corey Wootton- Defensive end Northwestern University
+- Ian Joyce- Goalkeeper Southend United
+References
+- ^ MSA-CSS. "MSA-Commission on Secondary Schools".. Retrieved 2009-07-31.
+- ^ Brown, David. "Jersey has unique barriers to balance", The Standard-Times (New Bedford), June 25, 2008. Accessed August 6, 2008. "Earlier this year, Sports Illustrated ranked Don Bosco the No. 9 high school sports program in the country."
+- ^ Fourth Annual ShopRite Cup: 2006‐2007 Final Standings, NJSIAA. Accessed June 2, 2008.
+- ^ Don Bosco Prep halts CBA's streak at 11, The Star-Ledger, November 12, 2006
+- ^ USA TODAY's prep football Super 25 for 2002, USA Today, accessed December 30, 2006
+- ^ USA TODAY's prep football Super 25 for 2006, USA Today, accessed December 30, 2006
+- ^ USA TODAY's prep football Super 25 for 2006, USA Today, accessed December 30, 2006
+- ^ Super 25 prep football regional rankings: 2002, USA Today, December 24, 2002
+- ^ Super 25 prep football regional rankings: 2003, USA Today, December 22, 2003
+- ^ Super 25 prep football regional rankings: 2006, USA Today, December 26, 2006
+- ^ Staff. "Don Bosco nips De La Salle with last-second field goal", USA Today, September 28, 2008. Accessed October 1, 2008.
+- ^ "Don Bosco swim team makes history", The Record (Bergen County), January 5, 2008. Accessed January 12, 2008.
+- ^ 2007 Team Wrestling Tournament - Non-Public, North A, NJSIAA. Accessed July 24, 2007.
+- ^ "Real-life treasure hunter: Author of Thieves of Baghdad to speak at Jubilee Center fundraiser", Hudson Reporter, June 25, 2006.
+- ^ John Pizzarelli interview, Jazz Review. Accessed May 16, 2007. "JazzReview: Where did you go to high school? John Pizzarelli: Don Bosco High School, Ramsey, New Jersey."
+- ^ [1], Don Bosco Preparatory High School President's Gala Announcement. Accessed October 20, 2007. "John P. Wallace, '84, President, NBC Owned & Operated Television Stations."
+- ^ C.J. Nitkowski plauer profile, Sporting News, accessed February 26, 2007
+- ^ Silverstein, Tom. "Prep school holds Grant in high regard for starting strong tradition on gridiron", Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel, January 15, 2008. Accessed June 15, 2008. "Running back Ryan Grant (above, below) starred at Don Bosco High School in Ramsey, N.J., in 1999-'00."
+- ^ Lawlor, Christopher. "Don Bosco (N.J.), No. 5 De La Salle win at Herbstreit Challenge", USA Today, September 17, 2006. Accessed May 16, 2007. "Quarterback Matt Simms, whose father Phil played for the New York Giants...
+- ^ Bierman, Fred. " PLUS: HIGH SCHOOL FOOTBALL; Don Bosco Defeats Bergen Catholic", The New York Times, November 13, 2000. Accessed May 16, 2007. "Toal ranked fourth on the team in tackles with 53 (32 solos) last season. It was a noticeable drop from two years ago. He had arrived from Don Bosco Prep in Ramsey, N.J., as the school's most coveted football recruit, was second on the team in tackles with 77 (37 solos), and earned Big East Rookie of the Year honors."
+- ^ Zagoria, Adam. "Teel ready to take reins for RU", Herald News, July 25, 2006. Accessed May 16, 2007. "Rutgers head coach Greg Schiano believes Teel, who led Don Bosco to back-to-back state titles and 24 straight wins, has progressed enough to take over when the season begins Sept. 2 with an ABC regional game at North Carolina."
+.
+******
+My approach to understanding the strengths and limitations of accreditation is based on the business model of higher education that I discussed in How can we think about the wave of new innovations in higher education? I start by reviewing some of the key aspects and insights of general business models and what they say about characteristics of higher education institutions. Then I will move on to the ways in which these characteristics affect accreditation.
+This picture showing the four components of a general business model comes from Disrupting College by Christensen, Horn, Caldera, and Soares. The arrows emphasize that all elements of the business model are really enormously interdependent. It is very difficult in general to create the elements of these components in a way that leads to a self - consistent whole. For example, the resources and processes needed to make a product that meets a certain value proposition may be so costly that the profit formula will not work. Many cycles of change may then be required in all components of the business model in order to bring about the necessary interdependent stability. Once that difficult-to-achieve stability is found, the successful enterprise becomes very resistant to major changes in the model. Thus, the well known conservatism of American higher education with regards significant change is simply an expression of a universal behaviour of very successful enterprises.
+Of course, change is a reality of life, so business models cannot be frozen in time. Customer interests may change, prices of inputs may vary, technology advances open up new options, and competitors must be bested. Most of these changes will be incremental in character and can be incorporated relatively easily within the basic business model, usually resulting in a product with either an improved value proposition or lower costs. These changes are called sustaining, and generally are part of competition-driven improvements. In higher education, sustaining changes include such things as increasing technology in teaching, improved classrooms, more faculty research, and better residence halls and dining facilities.
+While sustaining improvements generally are welcomed by most of the buyers of the product, there will be some customers who find that the new improved value proposition actually makes the product better than they need. These customers are over-served, paying for aspects of the product that they will not use. Over time, this population of over-served buyers grows as the product undergoes continuing sustaining innovations. Thus, for example, part-time adult learners focused on career advancement are increasingly overserved by most improvements in campus life and faculty research.
+A significant change in resources or processes opens up the possibility that an entirely new and different business model optimized around that new resource can be created to produce a product similar to the existing product. Almost invariably, this new-business-model (NBM) product is both much less expensive than the original product, and has a value proposition that is significantly inferior when viewed through the lens of the value proposition of the original product. However, this new product may do the jobs that the over-served customers of the original product want done better than the original product, and do it at a lower cost. Thus the over-served community will desert the original product and become a major part of the first customer base for the NBM product. This use of the new resource in creating NBM product is said to be potentially disruptive since in time the NBM product may improve and attract a larger and larger share of the customers of the original product.
+One of the most interesting results of Christensen's work on innovation is that existing very successful companies often see that a new business model built around some new resource has the potential to disrupt their own business model, but almost always are unable to act on that knowledge in a way that ultimately protects their company. The key reason why this is true is central to understanding the role of accreditation in higher education.
+People in a very successful enterprise believe strongly in the value proposition of that enterprise - it defines excellence for them. Because of the interlocking nature of the components of the business model, the resources and the processes used to create that value proposition are part of the definition of excellence as well. As a consequence, any major change in any part of the business model signals to these people a step away from excellence. One has only to read the comments of faculty groups when faced with some change in their business model to see how their defense of traditional understandings of quality and excellence defines their responses (e.g. the letter from the Philosophy Dept at San Jose State). This focus on traditional quality measures assures that if the new resource is to be utilized by the successful enterprise, it will be done in a way that does not significantly change the existing business model.
+An important consequence of this mindset for accreditation is that the quality offered by the value proposition of the new business model is very low when viewed from the perspective of the quality definitions held by the members of the very successful organization. As such, it is easy for members of the successful organization to conclude that the buyers of the NBM product are either stupid or have been mislead. In fact, often these buyers have made a very rational choice in picking a product that most closely met their own needs, rather than the needs that the successful organization would project upon them. These customers simply have a different definition of quality.
+******
+Accreditation is carried out by membership organizations such as the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC). The Senior College and University Commission of WASC has as its constituent members those higher education institutions that it has accredited. Although there is a great variety in size, mission, resources, etc amongst the constituent members, they almost all share a rather uniform, traditional view of the role higher education, and of the resources and procedures that are necessary to realize that role. The faculty of each of these constituent institutions naturally believe that what they do defines quality in their educational sector.
+Since the membership essentially defines the role and mission of the accreditors, it follows that the accrediting standards and policies should focus on increasing excellence in higher education as it is understood by the members. As I argued above, these internalized definitions of excellence actually call for the stability of the business model. Thus it is completely to be expected that such membership organizations will seek to assure via accreditation that innovations are sustaining and do not alter components of the traditional business models in significant ways.
+This causes a problem in responding to the overserved customers (or potential customers) of higher education, in that their desired value propositions do not necessarily align well with dominant value propositions. Thus, institutions that seek to provide their desired value propositions are very likely to be found wanting "in quality" by any accreditation system so deeply embedded in the dominant paradigm.
+There is an additional constraint that occurs because accreditation is not actually focused on improving the actual delivered excellence promised in institutional value propositions. Unfortunately, higher education has very little ability (or desire?) to measure meaningful actual outcomes. As a consequence, accreditation has traditionally focused on elements of resources and procedures - number and academic profile of faculty, dollars spent per student, hours of seat time to degree, etc. Thus, accreditation is only possible for institutions that provide resources and operate with procedures that fall within the traditional understanding of what is required to produce traditionally defined excellence. For example, a StraighterLine that has few or no faculty cannot now be accredited no matter how successful it is in realizing its value proposition. An accrediting scheme that focused on outcomes rather than inputs would open up many new options.
+******
+Accreditation as it exists is very effective in encouraging sustaining innovations that improve existing value definitions. That is what it is actually set up to do by its member organizations. Potentially disruptive change has little chance of making it through the current accreditation process, however, and that is also what it was set up to ensure. I think all of Christensen's studies of how institutions react to change tell us that no accreditation system based on judgements of established stability-seeking organizations will empower the kinds of disruptive experimentation that higher education needs if it is to control, perhaps lower, costs and improve critical learning outcomes.
+Obama has, of course, spoken of the need for a new accreditation scheme that utilizes a more outcomes based approach. Supporters of current accreditation will argue that it is now encouraging such radical approaches as competency based education (an idea that was squashed by the Department of Education until recently because of similar focus on inputs rather than outcomes). My feeling is that many approaches just now gaining traction among the accreditors have been around for a long time, and should have been tried out years or even decades ago. I don't think we can afford to wait that long in the future for new innovations to work through the system.
+So, at the end, I agree somewhat with both groups that Blumenstyk mentioned. I think that it likely that accreditation did exactly what it was set up to do in the Altius case, but accreditation is broken because it did not allow a promising innovation to proceed because of reasons that had no demonstrable link to student outcomes. We need current accreditation to do what it does well, which is to encourage sustaining innovation and monitor traditional quality metrics. We also badly need an alternative system that encourages new higher education business models that do such things as better serve new classes of customers, radically attack the high cost structure of higher education, and increase student learning, while providing new oversight mechanisms appropriate to such models. The same organization cannot play both roles.
+Nice post. A totally different perspective on accreditation. The author has rightly pointed out that accrediting standards and policies should pay attention on increasing excellence in higher education.The current structure need overhaul.
+Posted by: Tanveer | December 13, 2013 at 10:51 PM
+I un derstand that accreditations Works like this .
+A college applies to a region al acc. agency saying
+I will do education like A, B, C, D, E, F .
+Agency checks if college is really doing A, B, C, D, F, as it was told to them. They do not evaluate if A, B, C, D, E, F are good practices or not . Acreditations has nothing to do with quality .
+It is just checks of specs claimed to be .
+Please enlighten me . mgozaydin@hotmail).
+Posted by: Muvaffak GOZAYDIN | November 01, 2013 at 11:23 PM
+Hi, "so business models cannot be frozen in time.". I suggest that by and large the the HE business model used by established institutions is very static, it is just the numbers that change a little..
+Posted by: Stephen Powell | October 31, 2013 at 03:15 AM
+Spark Agent / HarvesterSpark Agent / Harvester
+The Spline agent for Apache Spark is a complementary module to the Spline project that captures runtime lineage information from the Apache Spark jobs.
+The agent is a Scala library that is embedded into the Spark driver, listening to Spark events, and capturing logical execution plans. The collected metadata is then handed over to the lineage dispatcher, from where it can either be sent to the Spline server (e.g. via REST API or Kafka), or used in another way, depending on selected dispatcher type (see Lineage Dispatchers).
+The agent can be used with or without a Spline server, depending on your use case. See References.
+Table of ContentsTable of Contents
+- Versioning
+- Usage
+- Configuration
+- Spark features coverage
+- Developer documentation
+- References and Examples
+VersioningVersioning
+The Spline Spark Agent follows the Semantic Versioning principles.
+The Public API is defined as a set of entry-point classes (
+SparkLineageInitializer,
+SplineSparkSessionWrapper),
+extension APIs (Plugin API, filters, dispatchers), configuration properties and a set of supported Spark versions.
+In other words, the Spline Spark Agent Public API in terms of SemVer covers all entities and abstractions that are designed
+to be used or extended by client applications.
+The version number does not directly reflect the relation of the Agent to the Spline Producer API (the Spline server). Both the Spline Server and the Agent are designed to be as much mutually compatible as possible, assuming long-term operation and a possibly significant gap in the server and the agent release dates. Such requirement is dictated by the nature of the Agent that could be embedded into some Spark jobs and only rarely if ever updated without posing a risk to stop working because of eventual Spline server update. Likewise, it should be possible to update the Agent anytime (e.g. to fix a bug or support a newer Spark version or a feature that earlier agent version didn't support) without requiring a Spline server upgrade.
+Although not required by the above statement, for minimizing user astonishment when the compatibility between too distant Agent and Server versions is dropped, we'll increment the Major version component.
+Spark / Scala version compatibility matrixSpark / Scala version compatibility matrix
+UsageUsage
+Selecting artifactSelecting artifact
+There are two main agent artifacts:
+agent-coreis a Java library that you can use with any compatible Spark version. Use this one if you want to include Spline agent into your custom Spark application, and you want to manage all transitive dependencies yourself.
+spark-spline-agent-bundleis a fat jar that is designed to be embedded into the Spark driver, either by manually copying it to the Spark's
+/jarsdirectory, or by using
+--jarsor
+--packagesargument for the
+spark-submit,
+spark-shellor
+pysparkcommands. This artifact is self-sufficient and is aimed to be used by most users.
+Because the bundle is pre-built with all necessary dependencies, it is important to select a proper version of it that matches the minor Spark and Scala versions of your target Spark installation.
+spark-A.B-spline-agent-bundle_X.Y.jar
+here
+A.B is the first two Spark version numbers and
+X.Y is the first two Scala version numbers.
+For example, if you have Spark 2.4.4 pre-built with Scala 2.12.10 then select the following agent bundle:
+spark-2.4-spline-agent-bundle_2.12.jar
+InitializationInitialization
+Spline agent is basically a Spark query listener that needs to be registered in a Spark session before is can be used. Depending on if you are using it as a library in your custom Spark application, or as a standalone bundle you can choose one of the following initialization approaches.
+Codeless InitializationCodeless Initialization
+This way is the most convenient one, can be used in majority use-cases.
+Simply include the Spline listener into the
+spark.sql.queryExecutionListeners config property
+(see Static SQL Configuration)
+Example:
+pyspark \ --packages za.co.absa.spline.agent.spark:spark-2.4-spline-agent-bundle_2.12:<VERSION> \ --conf "spark.sql.queryExecutionListeners=za.co.absa.spline.harvester.listener.SplineQueryExecutionListener" \ --conf "spark.spline.lineageDispatcher.http.producer.url="
+The same approach works for
+spark-submit and
+spark-shell commands.
+Note: all Spline properties set via Spark conf should be prefixed with
+spark. prefix in order to be visible to the Spline agent.
+See Configuration section for details.
+Programmatic InitializationProgrammatic Initialization
+Note: starting from Spline 0.6 most agent components can be configured or even replaced in a declarative manner either using Configuration or Plugin API. So normally there should be no need to use a programmatic initialization method. We recommend to use Codeless Initialization instead.
+But if for some reason, Codeless Initialization doesn't fit your needs, or you want to do more customization on Spark agent, you can use programmatic initialization method.
+// given a Spark session ... val sparkSession: SparkSession = ??? // ... enable data lineage tracking with Spline import za.co.absa.spline.harvester.SparkLineageInitializer._ sparkSession.enableLineageTracking() // ... then run some Dataset computations as usual. // The lineage will be captured and sent to the configured Spline Producer endpoint.
+or in Java syntax:
+import za.co.absa.spline.harvester.SparkLineageInitializer; // ... SparkLineageInitializer.enableLineageTracking(session);
+The method
+enableLineageTracking() accepts optional
+AgentConfig object that can be used to customize Spline behavior.
+This is an alternative way to configure Spline. The other one if via the property based configuration.
+The instance of
+AgentConfig can be created by using a builder or one of the factory methods.
+// from a sequence of key-value pairs val config = AgentConfig.from(???: Iterable[(String, Any)]) // from a Common Configuration val config = AgentConfig.from(???: org.apache.commons.configuration.Configuration) // using a builder val config = AgentConfig.builder() // call some builder methods here... .build() sparkSession.enableLineageTracking(config)
+Note:
+AgentConfig object doesn't override the standard configuration stack. Instead, it serves as an additional configuration mean
+with the precedence set between the
+spline.properties and
+spline.default.properties files (see below).
+ConfigurationConfiguration
+The agent looks for configuration in the following sources (listed in order of precedence):
+- Hadoop configuration (
+core-site.xml)
+- Spark configuration
+- JVM system properties
+spline.propertiesfile on classpath
+AgentConfigobject
+spline.default.propertiesfile on classpath
+The file spline.default.properties contains default values for all Spline properties along with additional documentation. It's a good idea to look in the file to see what properties are available.
+The order of precedence might look counter-intuitive, as one would expect that explicitly provided config (
+AgentConfig instance) should
+override ones defined in the outer scope. However, prioritizing global config to local one makes it easier to manage Spline settings centrally
+on clusters, while still allowing room for customization by job developers.
+For example, a company could require lineage metadata from jobs executed on a particular cluster to be sanitized, enhanced with some metrics
+and credentials and stored in a certain metadata store (a database, file, Spline server etc). The Spline configuration needs to be set globally
+and applied to all Spark jobs automatically. However, some jobs might contain hardcoded properties that the developers used locally or on
+a testing environment, and forgot to remove them before submitting jobs into a production.
+In such situation we want cluster settings to have precedence over the job settings.
+Assuming that hardcoded settings would most likely be defined in the
+AgentConfig object, a property file or a JVM properties,
+on the cluster we could define them in the Spark config or Hadoop config.
+In case of multiple definitions of property the first occurrence wins, but
+spline.lineageDispatcher and
+spline.postProcessingFilter properties
+are composed instead. E.g. if a LineageDispatcher is set to be Kafka in one config source and 'Http' in another, they would be implicitly
+wrapped by a composite dispatcher, so both would be called in the order corresponding the config source precedence.
+See
+CompositeLineageDispatcher and
+CompositePostProcessingFilter.
+Every config property is resolved independently. So, for instance, if a
+DataSourcePasswordReplacingFilter is used some of its properties might be
+taken from one config source and the other ones form another, according to the conflict resolution rules described above.
+This allows administrators to tweak settings of individual Spline components (filters, dispatchers or plugins) without having to redefine and override
+the whole piece of configuration for a given component.
+PropertiesProperties
+spline.mode
+REQUIRED[default]
+If Spline fails to initialize itself (e.g., wrong configuration, no db connection) the Spark application aborts with an error. (Note: it only concerns Spline initialization routine. If the error happens during lineage capturing, or in the Spline dispatcher, then the target Spark job have already been finished by that time, and the resulted data have been persisted, regardless of the
+spline.modesettings. The Spline agent doesn't do any automated rollbacks).
+BEST_EFFORT
+Spline will try to initialize itself, but if it fails it switches to DISABLED mode allowing the Spark application to proceed normally without Lineage tracking.
+DISABLED
+Lineage tracking is completely disabled and Spline is unhooked from Spark.
+Note: The default value for
+spline.mode has changed in Spline 1.0.0. It used to be
+BEST_EFFORT for Spline 0.x version series.
+spline.lineageDispatcher
+The logical name of the root lineage dispatcher. See Lineage Dispatchers chapter.
+spline.postProcessingFilter
+The logical name of the root post-processing filter. See Post Processing Filters chapter.
+Lineage DispatchersLineage Dispatchers
+The
+LineageDispatcher trait is responsible for sending out the captured lineage information.
+By default, the
+HttpLineageDispatcher is used, that sends the lineage data to the Spline REST endpoint (see Spline Producer API).
+Available dispatchers:
+HttpLineageDispatcher- sends the lineage via http
+KafkaLineageDispatcher- sends the lineage via kafka
+ConsoleLineageDispatcher- write the lineage to console
+LoggingLineageDispatcher- logs the lineahge using logger
+CompositeLineageDispatcher- allows combining multiple dispatchers
+Each dispatcher can have different configuration parameters. To make the configs clearly separated each dispatcher has its own namespace in which all it's parameters are defined. I will explain it on an kafka examples.
+Defining dispatcher
+spline.lineageDispatcher=kafka
+Once you defined the dispatcher all other parameters will have a namespace
+spline.lineageDispatcher.{{dipatcher-name}}. as a prefix.
+In this case it is
+spline.lineageDispatcher.kafka..
+To find out which parameters you can use look into
+spline.default.properties. For kafka I would have to define at least these two properties:
+spline.lineageDispatcher.kafka.topic=foo spline.lineageDispatcher.kafka.producer.bootstrap.servers=localhost:9092
+Creating your own dispatcherCreating your own dispatcher
+There is also a possibility to create your own dispatcher. It must implement
+LineageDispatcher trait and have a constructor
+with a single parameter of type
+org.apache.commons.configuration.Configuration.
+To use it you must define name and class and also all other parameters you need. For example:
+spline.lineageDispatcher=my-dispatcher spline.lineageDispatcher.my-dispatcher.className=org.example.spline.MyDispatcherImpl spline.lineageDispatcher.my-dispatcher.prop1=value1 spline.lineageDispatcher.my-dispatcher.prop2=value2
+Post Processing FiltersPost Processing Filters
+Filters can be used to enrich the lineage with your own custom data or to remove unwanted data like passwords. All filters are applied after the Spark plan is converted to Spline DTOs, but before the dispatcher is called.
+The procedure how filters are registered and configured is similar to the
+LineageDispatcher registration and configuration procedure.
+A custom filter class must implement
+za.co.absa.spline.harvester.postprocessing.PostProcessingFilter trait and declare a constructor
+with a single parameter of type
+org.apache.commons.configuration.Configuration.
+Then register and configure it like this:
+spline.postProcessingFilter=my-filter spline.postProcessingFilter.my-filter.className=my.awesome.CustomFilter spline.postProcessingFilter.my-filter.prop1=value1 spline.postProcessingFilter.my-filter.prop2=value2
+Use pre-registered
+CompositePostProcessingFilter to chain up multiple filters:
+spline.postProcessingFilter=composite spline.postProcessingFilter.composite.filters=myFilter1,myFilter2
+(see
+spline.default.properties for details and examples)
+Spark features coverageSpark features coverage
+Dataset operations are fully supported
+RDD transformations aren't supported due to Spark internal architecture specifics, but they might be supported semi-automatically in the future Spline versions (see #33)
+SQL dialect is mostly supported.
+DDL operations are not supported, excepts for
+CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT ... which is supported.
+Note: the lineage is only captured on persistent (write) actions.
+In-memory only actions like
+collect() or
+printSchema() are ignored.
+The following data formats and providers are supported out of the box:
+- Avro
+- Cassandra
+- COBOL
+- Delta
+- ElasticSearch
+- Excel
+- HDFS
+- Hive
+- JDBC
+- Kafka
+- MongoDB
+- XML
+Although Spark being an extensible piece of software can support much more, it doesn't provide any universal API that Spline can utilize to capture reads and write from/to everything that Spark supports. Support for most of different data sources and formats has to be added to Spline one by one. Fortunately starting with Spline 0.5.4 the auto discoverable Plugin API has been introduced to make this process easier.
+Below is the break down of the read/write command list that we have come through.
+Some commands are implemented, others have yet to be implemented, and finally there are such that bear no lineage information and hence are ignored.
+All commands inherit from
+org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.Command.
+You can see how to produce unimplemented commands in
+za.co.absa.spline.harvester.SparkUnimplementedCommandsSpec.
+ImplementedImplemented
+CreateDataSourceTableAsSelectCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateHiveTableAsSelectCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.hive.execution)
+CreateTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DropTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+InsertIntoDataSourceDirCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+InsertIntoHadoopFsRelationCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources)
+InsertIntoHiveDirCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.hive.execution)
+InsertIntoHiveTable(org.apache.spark.sql.hive.execution)
+SaveIntoDataSourceCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources)
+To be implementedTo be implemented
+AlterTableAddColumnsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableChangeColumnCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableRenameCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableSetLocationCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateDataSourceTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateDatabaseCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateTableLikeCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DropDatabaseCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+LoadDataCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+TruncateTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+When one of these commands occurs spline will let you know by logging a warning.
+IgnoredIgnored
+AddFileCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AddJarCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterDatabasePropertiesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableAddPartitionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableDropPartitionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableRecoverPartitionsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableRenamePartitionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableSerDePropertiesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableSetPropertiesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterTableUnsetPropertiesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AlterViewAsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AnalyzeColumnCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AnalyzePartitionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+AnalyzeTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CacheTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ClearCacheCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateFunctionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+CreateTempViewUsing(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources)
+CreateViewCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DescribeColumnCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DescribeDatabaseCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DescribeFunctionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DescribeTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+DropFunctionCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ExplainCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+InsertIntoDataSourceCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources) *
+ListFilesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ListJarsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+RefreshResource(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources)
+RefreshTable(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources)
+ResetCommand$(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+SetCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+SetDatabaseCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowColumnsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowCreateTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowDatabasesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowFunctionsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowPartitionsCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowTablePropertiesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+ShowTablesCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+StreamingExplainCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+UncacheTableCommand(org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command)
+Developer documentationDeveloper documentation
+Plugin APIPlugin API
+Using a plugin API you can capture lineage from a 3rd party data source provider.
+Spline discover plugins automatically by scanning a classpath, so no special steps required to register and configure a plugin.
+All you need is to create a class extending the
+za.co.absa.spline.harvester.plugin.Plugin marker trait
+mixed with one or more
+*Processing traits, depending on your intention.
+There are three general processing traits:
+DataSourceFormatNameResolving- returns a name of a data provider/format in use.
+ReadNodeProcessing- detects a read-command and gather meta information.
+WriteNodeProcessing- detects a write-command and gather meta information.
+There are also two additional trait that handle common cases of reading and writing:
+BaseRelationProcessing- similar to
+ReadNodeProcessing, but instead of capturing all logical plan nodes it only reacts on
+LogicalRelation(see
+LogicalRelationPlugin)
+RelationProviderProcessing- similar to
+WriteNodeProcessing, but it only captures
+SaveIntoDataSourceCommand(see
+SaveIntoDataSourceCommandPlugin)
+The best way to illustrate how plugins work is to look at the real working example,
+e.g.
+za.co.absa.spline.harvester.plugin.embedded.JDBCPlugin
+The most common simplified pattern looks like this:
+package my.spline.plugin import javax.annotation.Priority import za.co.absa.spline.harvester.builder._ import za.co.absa.spline.harvester.plugin.Plugin._ import za.co.absa.spline.harvester.plugin._ @Priority(Precedence.User) // not required, but can be used to control your plugin precedence in the plugin chain. Default value is `User`. class FooBarPlugin extends Plugin with BaseRelationProcessing with RelationProviderProcessing { override def baseRelationProcessor: PartialFunction[(BaseRelation, LogicalRelation), ReadNodeInfo] = { case (FooBarRelation(a, b, c, d), lr) if /*more conditions*/ => val dataFormat: Option[AnyRef] = ??? // data format being read (will be resolved by the `DataSourceFormatResolver` later) val dataSourceURI: String = ??? // a unique URI for the data source val params: Map[String, Any] = ??? // additional parameters characterizing the read-command. E.g. (connection protocol, access mode, driver options etc) (SourceIdentifier(dataFormat, dataSourceURI), params) } override def relationProviderProcessor: PartialFunction[(AnyRef, SaveIntoDataSourceCommand), WriteNodeInfo] = { case (provider, cmd) if provider == "foobar" || provider.isInstanceOf[FooBarProvider] => val dataFormat: Option[AnyRef] = ??? // data format being written (will be resolved by the `DataSourceFormatResolver` later) val dataSourceURI: String = ??? // a unique URI for the data source val writeMode: SaveMode = ??? // was it Append or Overwrite? val query: LogicalPlan = ??? // the logical plan to get the rest of the lineage from val params: Map[String, Any] = ??? // additional parameters characterizing the write-command (SourceIdentifier(dataFormat, dataSourceURI), writeMode, query, params) } }
+Note: to avoid unwanted possible shadowing the other plugins (including the future ones), make sure that the pattern-matching criteria are as much selective as possible for your plugin needs.
+A plugin class is expected to only have a single constructor. The constructor can have no arguments, or one or more of the following types (the values will be autowired):
+SparkSession
+PathQualifier
+PluginRegistry
+Compile you plugin and drop it into the Spline/Spark classpath. Spline will pick it up automatically.
+Building for different Scala and Spark versionsBuilding for different Scala and Spark versions
+Note: The project requires Java version 1.8 (strictly) and Apache Maven for building.
+Check the build environment:
+mvn --version
+Verify that Maven is configured to run on Java 1.8. For example:
+Apache Maven 3.6.3 (Red Hat 3.6.3-8) Maven home: /usr/share/maven Java version: 1.8.0_302, vendor: Red Hat, Inc., runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-2.fc34.x86_64/jre
+There are several maven profiles that makes it easy to build the project with different versions of Spark and Scala.
+- Scala profiles:
+scala-2.11,
+scala-2.12
+- Spark profiles:
+spark-2.2,
+spark-2.3,
+spark-2.4,
+spark-3.0,
+spark-3.1
+For example, to build an agent for Spark 2.4 and Scala 2.12:
+# Change Scala version in pom.xml. mvn scala-cross-build:change-version -Pscala-2.12 # now you can build for Scala 2.12 mvn clean install -Pscala-2.12,spark-2.4
+Build docker imageBuild docker image
+The agent docker image is mainly used to run example jobs and pre-fill the database with the sample lineage data.
+(Spline docker images are available on the DockerHub repo -)
+mvn install -Ddocker -Ddockerfile.repositoryUrl=my
+See How to build Spline Docker images for details.
+References and examplesReferences and examples
+Although the primary goal of Spline agent is to be used in combination with the Spline server, it is flexible enough to be used in isolation or integration with other data lineage tracking solutions including custom ones.
+Below is a couple of examples of such integration:
+Copyright 2019 ABSA Group.
+ expressed.
+In this article we will attempt to show how neither of the above routes are guaranteed and how “values” influence the views expressed in both the media and in the political as well as economic arenas.
+Scenario A: An Increasingly Racially Polarized Society
+Based on the views expressed in the media as well as by statements from various political players South Africa is unlikely to produce the promise of the description of South Africa as the “Rainbow Nation” as used by Nelson Mandela and others.
+Statements from both the “far left” and “far right” of the political spectrum show how far the country has to go before this can be achieved. However, what it is important to realize is that the “values” enshrined in the South African Constitution are not necessarily shared by the vast majority of the population, either black and white.
+The Constitution of the country set up at the Multiparty Negotiations in the early 90’s was founded on progressive principles of equality, efficiency and fairness which are values currently not shared by significant sectors of the population. However, it is important to realize that large sectors of the population are still transitioning their values with the rapid move from the rural areas to the cities bringing views which are often closer to “tribal and cultural” rather than those of a modern 21st Century society.
+We will explore this idea as we progress the article and consider the required steps to move South Africa to becoming a modern society in every way. This is however, a journey which cannot be achieved without a “shared vision” for a better future for all.
+Scenario B: A Successful Emerging Economy
+What does South Africa have to do to move the country forward in a positive way? This is a primary responsibility for leaders in all spheres of activity to assist in this lengthy, evolutionary and difficult process.
+Successful economies have excellent education systems from primary to tertiary levels as well as good health facilities, adequate housing and clean water. In all of these areas South Africa is currently deficient, as many of the qualified and experienced professionals previously in the system with the required skills have either left the public sector for the private sector or have moved to other countries.
+In addition, the issue of industry competitiveness is a key concern with wage levels being significantly higher than in countries with a comparable level of development. There is also an issue with the provision of adequate electricity to support the required levels of economic growth to reduce high levels of unemployment.
+Existing labor legislation is also a key impediment to better use of resources and providing a flexible skilled workforce. Of the emerging economies in the G20 grouping South Africa is currently least prepared to face the competitive challenges of the 21st Century.
+However, on the upside the private sector has performed relatively well since the early 1990’s and major South African companies have performed well both locally and internationally. What is required from government are industry friendly policies to encourage more inward investment. This will however, require strong leadership in reining in the more radical socialist elements within the ruling coalition. In addition, the issue of improved infrastructure is critical at all levels of the economy.
+Managing the Values Mix
+The broad range of “values” is as wide in South Africa as in any other country on the planet. It has a well developed and relatively sophisticated 1st World component as well as a significantly larger unsophisticated 3rd World economy. The challenge for the government is how best to blend the two in a positive way in order to encourage a climate of “sustainable development.”
+In the graphic below taken from the World Competitiveness Report of 2002 (updated) it shows how economies progress through the various stages of development. They can also temporarily regress depending on current “life conditions” and their broad impact on the society as a whole. This however, is not a move that should be permitted by government to derail forward movement in the longer term.
+It is important to note that in Asia South Korea and now China are currently moving strongly from the Blue value of Hard Work through to the Orange value of Wealth Creation. It is however, also important to note how long it took Europe to move from Tribal Purple to Green Self Achievement. This time frame depends on a number of factors including education quality and levels of technology available in the society.
+Values and How They Influence Societies
+Dr. Don Beck in his seminal work on values clearly illustrates the different values profiles for different societies. In the graphic below he illustrates how some societies are unable to achieve a shared strategic vision from all their citizens due to differing values (see below). This is a process in the global journey of development.
+The global picture in terms of the values mix in various countries is shown above. It also indicates the types of economic and political systems best suited to the various values systems in each values set and clearly illustrate the various models required.
+South Africa is a particularly interesting case as it displays a major profile of over 65% of the population being similar to Sub – Saharan Africa with a smaller bulge being closer to the United States and Europe. In a case such as this it requires a careful “dual approach” to issues of developing the economy as a whole. This also applies to other emerging economies in the G20 such as Brazil, China and India.
+However, the key question is how is South Africa going to politically manage the widely differing values experienced on the ground between its emerging 2nd World citizens and the rapidly growing “black middle class” who now form part of the formal 1st World economy and are becoming a clear majority in this area?
+Where to South Africa?
+In considering all the above factors it is important to realize that the radical elements to both the left and right of the political spectrum do not reflect the broad views of the South African population as a whole. The vast majority are looking for a better life for themselves, their families and communities.
+At the same time the rhetoric and calls to hate speech and physical action are similar from both sides of the spectrum. Fortunately, these actions are not widely supported by the vast majority of the South African population. In the values graphic shown below Graham Linscott in his bookUhuru & Renaissance (October, 2001), indicates the values shift since the 1800’s and the era of King Shaka of the Zulu Nation.
+The above indicates that values are totally colour blind and are not race based. As an example, the white electorate provided over 70% support in the referendum in the early 1990’s by President F. W. de Klerk for political change at that time. Equally, the right wing AWB elements represent a very small minority of the broader white population today. Whites as a group are represented across the spectrum with the vast majority being in the values range Blue Order to Green Liberal Values.
+Equally, the views expressed by Julius Malema of the ANC Youth League and others on the radical left of the political spectrum do not carry significant support from the black population. Generally, the Malema faction are located in the Red Power and Tribal Purple values and are those currently transitioning from the 3rd to 2nd World.
+What is urgently required from the President and the ANC national leadership is a clear long term strategic vision of the broad economic and political direction for the country as a whole. It is also critical that the broader South African society covering the values range of Blue Order and Orange Enterprise ensure that these values are built on and enhanced in a positive way. It is critically important that this broad leadership group firmly take the initiative in moving the country forward.
+It is also important to note that the Tribal Purple and Red Power values comprise over 65% of the total population of South Africa. What is required is more emphasis on positive Blue Order in order to ensure that the government at all levels is seen to be delivering both development of communities and the required infrastructure. This includes maintenance programs on the roads, railways, water and sewerage facilities and other essential facilities for a good quality of life on a daily basis.
+In the event that those values are not consolidated then South Africa runs the real risk of slipping back into the typical vacuum of Red Power and Tribal conflict as seen in other parts of the African continent and elsewhere, where a small corrupt elite control both the economic and political levers of power.
+Some Overall Conclusions
+The good news is that South Africa can retain and further enhance its place as the leading economy in Africa and as a valued member of the global community. However, to do this it needs to consolidate the following as a matter of urgency:
+Key Issues for Achieving National Stability and Order
+- Ensure that the majority Tribal Purple and Red Power groupings are firmly but fairly managed. This will require strong leadership and political will from both the political elites as well as the tribal chiefs.
+- Ensure that corruption whether in “Negative Red Power or Negative Orange Enterprise” is firmly dealt with by the authorities as well as by business leaders, particularly in the state sector.
+- Ensure that a strong core value of Blue Stability and Order is established including the consolidation of the value of service into the significant and rapidly emerging “black middle class.”
+- Ensure that people are appointed strictly on the basis of “merit” and not on other issues such as race or political affiliation. This will ensure that competence is clearly seen to be rewarded across the broad population.
+- Ensure that the issue of “Law and Order” is moved to another level, where all citizens can feel safe and secure. This particularly applies to the commercial farming sector in the rural areas as well as private citizens.
+- Actively move on the issue of HIV/AIDS as well as improving the delivery of state health care to those without medical insurance cover.
+- Control immigration effectively, particularly from Zimbabwe. Put pressure on the current ZANU – PF leadership to fully fulfill the terms of the Global Political Agreement or firm political/economic action will be taken by South Africa.
+Key Issues for Achieving an Effective Free Enterprise Model
+- Ensure that “Service Delivery” is seen to be streamlined and effective within the limits of available funding constraints. Communicate this clearly to all involved in order to manage unrealistic expectations.
+- Encourage people to speak out against nepotism and corruption and have the “Political Will” to follow up effectively at all levels.
+- Provide real opportunities for employment growth by liberalizing the economy and at the same time reduce the crushing burden of 15 million currently on welfare benefits. This is unsustainable in both the medium and longer term.
+Key Issues for Achieving a National Integrated Strategy
+- Provide a differentiated system of democracy where certain powers are passed down to the tribal chiefs. Make them responsible for delivery in the rural areas with direct accountability for their own areas.
+- Use the natural models including Positive Tribal Purple to encourage sustainable rural development including professionally managed communal farms based on the core principals of the Israeli “kibbutz” system. This should be part of the formal land restitution model.
+- Copy successful models from other developing nations with similar multi–cultural values mixes. Singapore and China come to mind here in terms of Blue Order and disciplined leadership to achieve this objective.
+It is obvious that if South Africa is to progress as a society the major key issues are those around the transition from Tribal society to a successful developing economy. However, other issues relating to a long term Sustainable National Strategy are also key to achieving this overall objective.
+Some Concluding Remarks
+The above issues include a number of the key areas that require urgent attention from the current South African government. Providing these are addressed it is still possible that South Africa can remain the model for both Africa and other similar developing economies. This in turn will assist in ensuring that South Africa remains a successful emerging economy and does not slide down the slippery slope experienced by other “Failed States” in Africa or elsewhere in the developing world.
+In order to achieve this goal it will be necessary to include a mix of the values required to build a lasting legacy, built on the clear 1st World model as set out in the South African Constitution. This is turn will require a government made up of “all the talents.” In addition, leadership must be able to integrate all of the values comprising both the existing 2nd and 3rd World components as well as the rapidly growing 1st World portion currently making up the broad composite of the nation.
+The developing and developed world in the G20 grouping is increasingly realizing that the old global political and economic models need serious modification and redesign as seen in both the recent UK and US elections. This is an essential part of the necessary redesign of the old systems into the new global integral models for future success. If South Africa wishes to be part of this global trend it will need to move positively in the directions suggested above.
+The coming Soccer World Cup 2010 will clearly demonstrate that South Africa has the required skills to make the required transition. However, in order to achieve this objective clear strategies must emerge as well as the political will to achieve these. Providing this happens South Africa has a real chance to once again become the “Rainbow Nation” as described by Nelson Mandela when he was released. It is up to all committed South African citizens to show that this is possible.
+St Francis Bay. South Africa
+Note: For more information on the GVN Consulting Group and our portfolio of services we suggest you visit our website on for further detail. Alternatively, e-mail us atinfo@globalvaluesnetwork.com
+Posted on 03/10/2010 6:23:43 AM PST by NYer.
+Clearly this very question is a direct attack on the celibacy rules for clergy in the Catholic Church. Why can’t people accept that rules are rules, and if you want to be a married priest, there are other ways to go about doing it (even within the Catholic Church!) without whining about the rules imposed by the Catholic Church.
+This is a Catholic Caucus thread. Are you a Catholic?
+That’s almost like asking if self-discipline is psychologically dangerous.
+;-))
+This agenda is pushed globally by government institutions, schools, and radical feminists and socialists. And it is damaging to psychological wellbeing and society's stability.
+Good to see someone picking up the counter argument.
+Catholic Caucus thread. Please see the title
+OK
+Couldn’t agree more - it’s ALL about self-sacrifice, devotion to others, serving God through selflessness, etc - but OHHHH, in this pro-secular, “how can you give up SEX !?!” society, it’s implausible that ANYONE would deny themselves sexual pleasure...just doesn’t compute...myopic dopes!
+I’m a Catholic who tries to obey all the rules. I think priests should too. I just don’t think there are that many celibate heterosexual men who can do the priestly job we want done.
+I’d like to see that rule changed. I think other Christian religions have handled married clergy well. I wouldn’t want to see female priests if it meant they would be bringing modern Feminism into their sermons and remainder of their mission.
+I don’t think other Christian religions have necesarily handled married ministers well.
+They divorce and remarry about as much as the regular population and that often tears up a congregation because they get too invested in the drama.
+They seem to have much higher rates of pedophilia and queer behavior. Many of them cheat on their wives.
+I’ll just give you my personal experience and I won’t bring up any of the other Protestant minister scandals that happened in this time span in my small town.
+The first minister I remember was old (to me anyway). He was a wonderful married man and if they had children, they were grown. He obviously had a firm vocation and his wife was a dear.
+The next one was married and had a teenage son who was horrible, he was always sexually harrassing girls and boys and it was all swept under the rug. He ended up marrying a divorced woman with 3 kids and sexually abused them all. The minister seemed to think of what he did as “just a job” and his wife was barely visible, I don’t even remember what she looked like.
+The next was a man very gifted with words. He had studied the early fathers and was full of history and information but he had lost his faith in God and pushed secular humanism, once again the wife was completely in the background.
+The next was a young couple, the wife wanted to be a diva. She sang soloes in the choir and they made you cry...not because of the beauty. She ran away with the choir director and left the minister with their 2 children.
+That was pretty much where I got off and I can’t tell you much more except that the Methodist hierarchy started moving the ministers around faster because you can hide all that stuff better.
+Human failings, once again. We have an imperfect world because we are imperfect beings.
+When I was a young adult, I worked in San Francisco for a short time and I commented about all the Southern accents among the flamboyant people and was told, “(A certain Christian religion) sends all their sons of a certain persuasion to San Francisco while the Catholics put theirs in the seminary.”
+I think if priests were mostly hetero oriented there would be less tolerance within their ranks for the others.
+I don’t have all the answers but I think we can answer the problem of not enough priests and the other problem of too many with short eyes by opening the ranks.
+Like you, I too am a Catholic - a Latin Rite (Roman) Catholic, but I practice my faith in a Maronite (Eastern Rite) Catholic Church. The Maronite Church has a Patriarch who also happens to be a Cardinal. Like most of the Eastern Catholic Church, the Maronite Church has married priests. In fact, my pastor's great grandfather was a married priest and served as the inspiration for his vocation. The only difference is that my pastor also chose the celibate life. He also chose to be bi-ritual (Maronite and Latin Rite). He was born in Lebanon and has his major degree in the ancient languages (Latin, Hebrew, Koine Greek and Aramaic). He is fluent in 8 languages and has traveled to South America and Europe.
+My reason for giving you some background here is to demonstrate that he has experienced both ends of the spectrum. In 2005, the Holy Father convened a General Synod of Fathers at the Vatican. As often happens, the topic of priestly celibacy arose. It was the Patriarch of the Maronite Church who addresed the issue.
+Mar Nasrallah Peter Cardinal Sfeir."
+The Patriarch's observations have been borne out by several former protestant ministers who converted to the Catholic Church and were accepted into the Catholic priesthood.
+I wouldnt want to see female priests if it meant they would be bringing modern Feminism into their sermons and remainder of their mission.
+There will never be women priests in the Catholic Church. Jesus did not ordain any women. He selected all of his apostles, and none were women. No one, not even the pope, has the authority to change Christ's design of the priesthood. You can read more here.
+Great post, as was Tiki’s.
+I think my position is similar to some of the priests at the Synod, open to consideration of change and eager to hear others’ input.
+Thank you both.
+I don’t believe there are many practicing (as in really living the faith) Catholics who want married clergy. I think this idea of married clergy comes from fallen away Catholics, liberal Catholics, and cafeteria Catholics.
+Good thing the Church is not a democracy.
+re: I think this idea of married clergy comes from fallen away Catholics, liberal Catholics, and cafeteria Catholics.
+And of course non-Catholics!
+A specious argument at best. If ordaining married men in the Latin Rite was the panacea that you claim it would be then there would no shortage of Priests or vocations in any of the 21 other Churches; that ordain as a norm married men, that, along with the Latin Rite, comprise the Catholic Church. That isn't the case. The Greek Orthodox Church, which also ordains married men, is also experiencing a shortage of Priests and vocations.
+The vast majority of priests I've known have been very down to earth men, and didn't seem to have any psychological problems. My brother-in-law is a priest, so I know about many of his priest friends, as well, and believe me they are ALL watchful for any wierdness on the part of their 'brothers'.
+Nobody calls me specious and gets away with it. :)
+Now I’ve got a Cardinal who agrees with me and he might wind up Pope.
+Best wishes
+Uncoupling sex from reproduction has had many deleterious effects including the extreme rates of STD’s.
+It hurts hedonist’s little heads to consider that one may voluntarily refrain from wallowing in sex.
+You are absolutely right!
+The progressives (enemies within the Church) created the problem by rejecting the good MEN, and letting in all the liberals and homosexuals, which chased away any good men that passed the first step. They chased away altar boys (future priests?) and replaced them with girls and lay women. The whole purpose of the scheme, was precisely to create a priestly shortage, so they could bring in the married priest card, and then TOTALLY wipe out the priesthood.
+Good Catholics get what they pray for. Catholics who are indifferent, CINO, and fallen away, get what they ask for. We have bad clergy today because that is what the majority of baptized Catholics wanted. They wanted priest that act like any lax Catholic layman, that are “birth control, no mass, no confession, you are all good, and going to heaven” priests. That;’s what they got! A punishment from God.
+Saint John Eudes said that when God is angry with His people, He sends them bad priests as a chastisement.
+Here is what he wrote in his book, The Priest, His Dignity and Obligations:
+The most evident mark of Gods.4
+Saint John Eudes warns us that as punishment for mans sins, God will send us priests who are not according to His own heart, who have a different spirit from that of the Sacred Heart of Our Lord, who have a different heart from that of Our Ladys Immaculate Heart.
+I reside in a diocese shepherded for the past 30+ years by a very progressive bishop. Over the years, I have heard from several young men that they were turned down for the seminary because they did not support women's ordination. That's right ... that is one of the questions they were asked when they appeared before the diocesan board. Needless to say, the number of priests has dropped significantly (retirement and death). The bishop has now turned several parishes over to Lay Ecclesial leaders (usually women) and placed some of his remaining priests in cars to drive to those parishes during the week in order to consecrate a sufficient number of hosts for their weekend, priestless masses.
+Several years ago, I began battling liturgical abuse in my parish. That priest wanted to introduce liturgical dance into his parish and asked the Director for Religious Education to find some volunteers among the Confirmation candidates ... my students. I confronted him on the issue, pointing out that liturgical dance was banned by the bishops. I eventually brought this to the bishop's attention. He sent it to the Director for Liturgy and Divine Worship, who wrote back in support of the priest. Undaunted, I wrote a 2nd time, quoting canon law. That ended the confrontation. Not surprisingly, there were other abuses. None of the other parishioners cared about them for fear they would lose their priest.
+Eventually, I just could not take it anymore. I asked our Lord to guide me to "a holy priest, a reverent liturgy and a community in need of whatever my God-given gifts". That day I compiled a list of other parishes within a certain radius of home. At the recommendation of another freeper, I included 2 Eastern Catholic Churches. Each Sunday I would attend mass at a different RC parish, always repeating that prayer. Eventually, one of the Eastern (Maronite) Catholic Churches surfaced on the list. A bit nervous, I set off to experience that liturgy. While waiting for Mass to begin, I prayed the rosary and, once again, the prayer I had composed.
+On that March 7th Sunday, exactly 6 years ago, I was moved to tears of joy by the beauty of their liturgy. When I left the church that day, I was enrobed in peace. The following Sunday, I had planned to continue with the list but opted to return to the Maronite Church. Once again, peace engulfed me. It was accompanied by a desire to help them build a bigger church. Over these past 6 years, I have been asked to join the women's sodality, the parish council, the centennial committee, and be the Director for Religious Education. Interestingly enough, the pastor had purchased a 160 year old, former Methodist/Episcopal Church and needed help in financing its restoration. I went through state programs to have the property recognized as a historic landmark and that qualified us to apply for a matching grant to restore the stained glass windows. More than 400 applications were submitted for only 16 grants. When the winners were announced, we were on the list!
+I can't help but recognize how our Lord works through us to accomplish His plans. Sincerely seeking a new parish, I heeded His command: "Seek and you shall find; knock and it shall be opened to you". In praying for that much needed grant, I recalled the words of St. Paul: "If God is for you, who can be against you?".
+In the midst of such a progressive diocese, a beacon of light shines. How grateful I am for God's gift in my life.
+Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.
+Historic Churches of the Wheeling Area
+CHURCHES & SYNAGOGUES
+Agape Baptist Church
+Agape Baptist Church (formerly First Church of Christ Scientist)
+Aldersgate (Chapline St.) Methodist Church
+Brief history of Chapline St. Methodist Church (now called Aldersgate)
+Aldersgate Methodist Church, 2003
+Blessed Trinity Catholic Church
+Picture from 1999 (Parish 1931-present, current building built in 1960)
+Christ United Methodist Church
+Interior of Christ United Methodist, 1960s
+Church website
+Church of Christ (1310 National Rd.)
+Corpus Christi Church
+1966 History of Corpus Christi Parish
+Edgwood Lutheran Church
+Edgwood Lutheran Church, 1999
+Church web site
+Elm Grove United Methodist Church
+1996 History of the church
+Eoff Street Temple
+Jewish Synagogue, 1889
+Eoff Street Temple, 1904
+Building the Synagogue, 1892 newspaper article
+Dedication of Eoff St. Temple, 1892
+1935 Newspaper history of Jewish community
+Web site devoted to Abba Hillel Silver, who began his career as rabbi in Wheeling in 1915.
+Newspaper coverage of Silver's tenure in Wheeling, 1915-1917
+First Baptist Church
+Postcard of the old First Baptist Church, originally St. Matthew's Episcopal
+First Baptist Church, 2002
+First Baptist Church Website
+First Christian Church
+First Christian Church (1875-1912)
+Old First Christian (1913-1973)
+Old First Christian (1913-1973)
+Old First Christian (1913-1973)
+Old First Christian (1913-1973)
+Old First Christian (1913-1973)
+First Christian Church, 1973-
+First Christian Church, 1973-
+History of the church on the church's web site
+Church web site
+First English Lutheran Church
+History (1860-1960)
+ca. 1905
+Picture around 1906
+Picture from ca. 1914
+The church in 1999
+Church interior, 2004
+Martin Luther Window, 2004
+St. Luke Window, 2004
+Church web site
+First Presbyterian Church
+Picture from 1880s
+First Presbyterian Church
+Report on 1886 renovation of the interior
+First Presbyterian Church, 1904
+ca. 1905
+1910s
+First Presbyterian in 1959
+Pictured, 2002
+Church interior, 2004
+Church interior, 2004
+Window, 2004
+First Presbyterian Church listing in Historic American Building Survey collection: 13 pictures, 9 pages of information
+Fourth Street Methodist Church
+History of Fourth Street Methodist Church (1960)
+Dedication of the church, 1870
+Interior of the Church
+Second Fourth Street Church
+Postcard of the church, 1900s
+Postcard, 1910s
+Fourth Street United Methodist Church, 1999
+Fourth Street United Methodist Church, 2002
+Interior of the Church, 2004
+Interior of the Church, 2004
+Immaculate Conception Church
+Church burns, 1875
+Picture, 2002
+Picture, 2002
+Laughlin Memorial Chapel (18th St. Chapel)
+Picture, 2001
+Website
+Macedonia Baptist Church
+Picture in 2002
+Our Lady of Lebanon Church
+History of the parish
+Our Lady of Lebanon Church, 2002
+Our Lady of Lebanon Church, 2002
+Our Lady of Perpetual Help Ukrainian Catholic Church
+Postcard, ca. 1917
+History of the parish
+Picture 1 - 2002
+Picture 2 - 2002
+Picture 3 - 2002
+Picture 4 - 2002
+Mosaic on the exterior of the church
+Our Lady of Seven Dolors
+Our Lady of Seven Dolors (Triadelphia) Home Page: includes a detailed cemetery listing
+Sacred Heart
+History of Sacred Heart Church, 1904-1954
+St. Alphonsus Church
+St. Alphonsus Church, ca. 1905
+St. Alphonsus School and Cloister, ca. 1905
+Postcard, 1910s
+Interior of St. Alphonsus, 1900's
+Altar Boys
+Monastic community
+Orphanage
+Churchwardens
+Choir
+Fr. Peter Kreusch celebrates 25th anniversary of his pastorate, 1883
+Rev. Hermann Josef Peters, O.M. Cap., pastor since 1903.
+Rev. Joseph Anton Ziegelmayer, O.M. Cap. Pastor, 1900-1903
+Rev. Wilhelm J. Grill, Assistant, 1870-1875
+Rev. Peter Kreusch, pastor, 1859-1884
+Rev. Didakus Rottlander, O.M. Cap., Assistant, 1886-1895.
+Rev. Petrus Kemper, O.M. Cap., Assistant, 1903-1906.
+Rev. Mauritius Greck, O.M. Cap., Pastor, 1890-1897
+Rev. Hyazinth Epp, O.M. Cap. Pastor of St. Alphonsus, 1886-1890 and 1897-1900.
+Rev. Felix Maria Ler, O.M. Cap.Rev. Antonius Maria Schurmann, O.M. Cap., Pastor, 1885-1886
+Intelligencer story on the laying of the cornerstone, 1886
+Laying the cornerstone, 1886 (picture) -- And a detail
+Silver jubilee of Fr. Mauritus, 1896
+St. Alphonsus Church, 1950s
+Recent picture
+Picture, 2003
+Recent picture
+Recent picture
+Snapshot of the interior, 2009
+Another
+Another
+St. Alphonsus Home Page
+St. Andrew's Episcopal Church
+Former St. Andrew's Episcopal (ca. 1907-1930)
+Former St. Andrew's, 2010
+Former St. Andrew's, 2010
+Former St. Andrew's, 2010
+Dedication of St. Andrew's, 1907
+St. James Evangelical Lutheran Church
+Recent picture of St. James Church
+Another
+St. James, 2002
+Church interior, 2004
+Church interior, 2004
+St. John the Divine Greek Orthodox Church
+Parish history
+Picture, 2003
+Detail -- Main door
+Window detail
+Interior of the church
+St. John's Church (German Reformed)
+A brief history (1931)
+150th Anniversary history, 1986
+The first church, 1836-1872
+The second church, 1872-1906
+The 1872-1906 building
+ca. 1905
+St. John's Lutheran Church
+Interior of St. John's Church
+The church, 2002
+The church, 2002
+The church, 2002
+Church interior, 2004
+Windows between narthex and nave, 2004
+Stained glass, 2004
+Stained glass, 2004
+St. John's Episcopal Church (1850-1875)
+Bishop Meade's discussion of the church, 1857
+Letter from John R. Eoff about St. John's, ca. 1900
+More from John R. Eoff about the founding of the church (1906)
+Information about St. John's from Peterkin's History
+Picture of St. John's Church (later First Christian Church)
+St. John's Episcopal Church, 1912-
+St. John's, 2002
+St. John's, 2002
+Interior, 2005
+St. Joseph Cathedral
+Picture from 1880s
+"Old" Cathedral: photograph from 1890s-1900s
+"Old" Cathedral: another from the same era
+St. Joseph Cathedral
+Interior of old cathedral
+Interior of the Cathedral, 1889
+Postcard of Cathedral, Residence and School, 1911
+St. Joseph's Cathedral, 1998
+Cathedral, 2002
+St. Joseph Cathedral Home Page, including history and pictures
+St. Ladislaus Church
+Picture of the church, ca. 1977
+Mass at St. Ladislaus, 1970s
+Grotto at St. Ladislaus
+The three pastors that served St. Ladislaus from 1901 until the 1970s
+A wedding party in front of the church early in its history
+Short history of St. Ladislaus Church
+Longer history of the church
+St. Luke's Episcopal Church (St. Luke's on the Island)
+Dedication of the church, 1883
+The church around 1900
+Interior of the church around 1900
+The church in 1999
+Recognition of Jacob Brittingham, rector of St. Luke's, 1922
+St. Mark Lutheran Church
+Picture of the Church
+Church web site
+St. Matthew's Episcopal Church
+St. Matthew's, 1837-1866 (First Baptist) -- Postcard
+St. Matthew's 1837-1866 in 2002
+St. Matthew's 1837-1866 in 2002
+Picture, ca. 1900
+Postcard, 1900s-1910s
+ca. 1905
+Postcard, 1907
+St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, 1904
+St. Matthew's, 2002
+Interior, ca. 1900
+Interior of St. Matthew's Church, 1904
+Interior, 2001
+Interior, 2001
+St. Matthew's Church home web site
+St. Michael Catholic Church
+St. Michael Church, 1999
+Inside St. Michael Church, 1990s?
+St. Paul's Episcopal Church
+St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 2002
+St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 1892-1960
+St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 1892-1960
+Dedication of St. Paul's, 1893.
+St. Paul's Evangelical Church
+History of St. Paul's, 1967
+Program of Confirmation Celebration, Palm Sunday and Easter, 1899
+Picture of the church, 2002
+Church website
+St. Stephen's United Church of Christ (German Reformed Church)
+Picture, 1970s
+A picture from 2002
+A picture from 2002
+Centennial History, 1875-1975
+Brief history from 1991
+St. Vincent de Paul Catholic Church
+St. Vincent Church, 2002
+St. Vincent, 2002
+Interior of the Church
+Tympanum over north door
+St. Vincent de Paul Parish home page
+Second Presbyterian Church
+Photograph, 1910s
+Simpson United Methodist Church
+Picture from 2002
+Stone Presbyterian Church
+Stone Church, 1889
+Postcards of Old Stone Church
+Stone Presbyterian Church (1914-1970)
+Stone Presbyterian Church (1914-1970)
+Old Stone Churchca. 1905
+Stone United Presbyterian Church (built around 1968)
+Short history 1787-1907
+Second history from 1907
+Third Presbyterian Church
+Picture of the church, 2002
+Reporting on the 70th anniversary, 1919
+History of the church, 1974
+Thomson United Methodist Church
+Thomson Methodist Church 1870s-1913
+The 1870s church in 1998
+Drawing, 1913
+Postcard, 1910s
+Description and history of the church from 1984
+Photograph from 1980s
+Photo from 1998
+Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church
+The church in 2002
+The church in 2002
+Vance Memorial Church
+Vance Memorial Church in 1904
+Vance Memorial Chapel, ca. 1900
+ca. 1905
+Way Memorial Temple (Spiritualist Church)
+The church in 1999
+Wayman AME Church
+A "Mikado Tea" and concert benefit, 1886
+The Church in 2002
+Wesley Methodist Church
+History of Wesley Methodist Church
+Zion Lutheran Church
+Zion Lutheran Church, Centre Wheeling, 1900
+Interior of the Church, 1895
+Parsonage, ca. 1900
+'Old' Zion Church, (Now Towngate Theatre) 2002
+Zion Lutheran Church, Bethlehem, 2000
+Wheeling History Home | OCPL Home
+I am well aware of the fact that the title itself may make many of you say in disgust, “He doesn’t know what he’s talking about.” But a few many would also jump in joy and tell each other, “He seems to be in our league!” But those possibilities are only accountable if you have understood what it means. A large number of people who are reading this are going to find it completely new, a little bizzare and yes, by default, pretty much disgusting. To begin with, all you newbies, we are talking about the unnecessarily dreaded and wrongly accused of being a harmful drug, a herb called marijuana. I don’t want to sound biased here, not today, not about this, because it is a subject of a wide controversy.
+And that’s why, everything you’re going to read here about marijuana, good or bad, is a fact.Basically, there are three categories in which we can classify people in the context of weed.
+1. Those who love smoking weed no matter what.
+2. Those who hate weed no matter what.
+3. Those who don’t know what the matter is at all.
+And this third category is whom I’m primarily talking to today. You might have friends who tell you how filthy it is to smoke weed and you may also have friends who tell you that it’s the last best thing in the world. And it sure would put you in the shoes of Hamlet. To be or not to be? In the very beginning of the article, I said that those who don’t know much about weed are going to find it disgusting. I put the blame for that on the society. Its the people around us who have made marijuana a thing of a huge negativity. I don’t know how that happened, or when and I don’t even know why was there such a hue and cry about marijuana being bad. But I certainly know that it isn’t what it looks like.
+Just to change your perspective about weed from biased to more biased, I will first light up on the ill effects of smoking weed. You may have Alzheimer’s and an impaired co-ordination of your body after a daily consumption of as long as 7 to 8 years. And the short term effects include blurred vision, low blood pressure, a lot of hunger and a lot of thirst. And your list ends there. That’s how much bad marijuana can do to you. I’m aware that you might have begun finding weed more terrible than you did just a few moments ago, and that is quite a gamble for someone who wants to make your perspective about weed unbiased. But tell me, what would happen to a person if he consumes alcohol day in and day out for 7 to 8 years? I don’t know if he’d even stay alive to suffer liver cirrhosis. Its funny how all those who hate weed see it as an escape when weed is compared to alcohol. And so, there might be many of you right now grinning at this thing with the same exact thought.
+So for the moment, let’s skip alcohol and talk about the choco-lava cake that you get at the Domino’s Pizza outlets. Now, I repeat with a little alteration, what would happen to a person if he consumes the choco lava cake everyday for 7 to 8 years? He is probably going to grow into a larger version of Sean Kingston and very obviously he’s going to suffer from diabetes. And if he is not so-fortunate, the disease might take his life as well. My point is anything consumed above a certain level and a certain period is going to show it’s effects on your body. Its called addiction. And addiction, no matter what it is towards, is a very insidious thing. Alzheimer’s or liver cirrhosis or diabetes are just the words for defining the line, “your body has been damaged.” I’m not in support of consuming marijuana for the whole of our lifetimes or even all our youths because there is a lot of life to experience outside of that. But sadly when the ill effects of weed are talked about, it is this long term effect that is lighted up on and that is certainly a biased manner of looking at things. So chill, if you’re going to puff weed, it is not going to kill your memory in a day or two, or not even in a few years.
+I don’t even want to talk about the short term effects of smoking weed because those are pretty much like those of alcohol. The difference is just that we overlook the effects of alcohol and choose to keep a mum over those because it has a huge public acceptance and more importantly because it is legal. When a man wants to get sloshed, he can always go to a licensed liquor store or a bar, buy his booze and sit sipping it in peace. Whereas when it comes to weed, its not legal, so he obviously doesn’t know about it and since he doesn’t know about it, he doubts the herb and trusts everything wrong about it and therefore calls it a ’bad’ drug. This is a prejudice. And since most of the people across the globe have this prejudice, and yet again since this large group of biased people also includes the law makers, we don’t see a bill of legalising recreational marijuana passing in the Houses.
+Another thing that makes weed look filthy and repulsive is a certain group of people who consume it. For centuries, marijuana has been linked to nomads and hippies and generally to people who have lazy and bad lifestyles. But just because they do weed, it doesn’t mean that everyone who smokes weed is going to have a filthy lifestyle. That’s not logical all. Picture this, we Indians love cricket more than any other sport. It is like a religion to us. Now India has also seen a rise in the rate of rapes since the past few years. So if tomorrow, the world yells, “They are rapists because they love cricket.” How logical would that sound to you? That’s exactly what I’m saying. Just because a particular community picks up a certain thing and calls it their own, we cannot link that ’something’ as the major factor that affects their lifestyles or their activities. Smoking marijuana won’t make you a hippie or a loser, it will only make you a stoner and that’s not so bad.
+Many of you might have also heard about weed being a gateway drug to the more potent drugs like cocaine or heroin. I dismiss that idea completely. There might have been some people who went there, but those few people sure can’t be a face of the whole pot community. And again, this largely happens because marijuana is still not legalised. Look, if you ever break the traffic laws and go in the opposite direction on a one-way road, you find it funny and exciting if there’s a cop in sight. So just to seek more fun, you break the signal the next day and get your bones broken. Now is the one-way road to be blamed for this? And moreover if there was nothing like an one way road in the first place, why would you find going in the opposite direction adventurous? And therefore why would you even want to find more adventurous things? Legalising marijuana is going to help people avoid chemical drugs and that too on a large scale. And this statement isn’t based on the little example that I shared here. That would be too dumb. I say it on the grounds of the fact that giving some freedom to people in the boundaries of the law helps to restrict them from going astray further. Like the Americans created Las Vegas to bet on cards and play the luck games and controlled gambling in the other parts of the nation automatically, legalising marijuana might work on the same principle.
+Today I’m in no mood to tell you about the happy moments after smoking a bong or the laughter riot that happens when you inhale your first joint. Because we’re talking about passing a law to decriminalize weed, and to pass good laws, you need good facts. Talking about some facts, you’d find it amusing to know that there is nothing like a ’weed overdose’. That term just doesn’t exist. Because to have a weed overdose, you’ll have to consume 681 kgs of the herb in 15 minutes which is practically impossible unless of course you’re a T-Rex. Weed never makes you violent, nor does it stay back in the form of a hangover. But you can choose not to believe it because I say that out of a personal experience. Weed has a history of about 5000 years, and in all this time no one is known to have died smoking it. I won’t compare these stats to that of alcohol abuse or even tobacco smoking, because we all know by now about someone in our locality who has died due to either of these two things.
+After all that I have said, I guess I don’t want to say more because that would make me look like a desperate stoner which I’m certainly not. But I anyway believe that marijuana has the right to be legalised. After coming so far, some morons sounding pretty reasonable for a moment, might ask a stupid question, “If weed is legalised won’t it be an open invitation to people who have never smoked it to try some? ” My answer is “Hell yes.” When you introduce something new to the people, everyone wants to know it better. But if ever, by God’s Great Grace, a marijuana legalisation bill is passed, it will have amendments to control its distribution and I say that because two out of the few places where it has been legalised, Uruguay and the state of Colorado, the government controls the distribution of weed. And moreover even if the distribution policy fails and it goes out of control, you cannot blame the herb for bad governance. That’s illogical.
+I’m not in love with weed or even if I am, I’m not writing this to glorify the consumption of weed. This isn’t a stoner’s article. This is a writer’s article and in a writer’s shoes I’m completely neutral while writing what I’m writing. All the good things I wrote about marijuana might be a little too hard for you to swallow because as people of this society, you’re so biased with the herb’s negativity that chances are you might find these facts superficial. Other words, false. But trust me, I’m not telling you how good weed is, I’m just telling you that it’s not as bad as it looks from where you stand.
+At the end of the day, not wanting to have anything that intoxicates your body is the best thing that can happen to you. And there are many such blessed souls reading this, but for the rest of us, the lot many mortals who need an escape from the real world sometimes, this is something we should think about.
+Legalising recreational marijuana might be a large step in our petty human history. Just look at this from where I stand. We’re the largest democracy in the world, but if the people of such a nation are biased, it is a great national tragedy. I’m not asking you to smoke weed, but you know, like even if you aren’t gay, you support the decriminalization of homosexuality, there is a large group of stoners out there, expecting something similar. See what can be done.
+And don’t know if you know her, but Mary Jane is so beautiful!
+Latest posts by Shivraj Jadhav (see all)
+Hybrids
+[Due to the increasing size of the archives, each topic page now contains only the prior 365 days of content. Access to older stories is now solely through the Monthly Archive pages or the site search function.]
+Toyota beginning on-road testing of new SiC power semiconductor technology; hybrid Camry and fuel cell bus
+January 29,.
+More... | Comments (20) | TrackBack (0)
+Renault Sport F1 introduces revamped 2015 hybrid power unit
+January 28, 2015
+Renault Sport F1 has unveiled its 2015 power unit for Formula 1 racing, which incorporates a number of changes compared to its 2014 predecessor (earlier post). 2015 is the second year of competitive use for the power units that feature a V6 turbocharged internal combustion engine coupled to energy recovery systems..
+More... | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)
+Navigant forecasts 29.3% CAGR growth for electric-drive and electric-assisted commercial vehicles to nearly 160K units in 20)
+IHS: automotive semiconductor market up 10% in 2014 to $29B; hybrids, connectivity and ADAS major drivers
+January 26, 2015
+The automotive semiconductor market did exceptionally well in 2014, according to new analysis from IHS. Strong growth in vehicle production together with increased semiconductor content in cars resulted in 10% growth year over year to reach $29B. IHS reported that the fastest growing segments for automotive semiconductors are hybrid-electric vehicles, telematics and connectivity and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).
+The semiconductor revenue in these applications is forecast to achieve a compound annual growth rate (CAGR 2013–2018) of 20%, 19% and 18%t respectively. The outlook for 2015 is also promising and the automotive semiconductor market is forecast to reach $31B, a strong 7.5% improvement over 2014.
+More... | Comments ),).
+More... | Comments (4) |)
+DARPA awards Phase 2 SBIR contract for hybrid-electric motorcycle prototype
+January 19, 2015.
+More... | Comments (0) |)
+Acura unveils new NSX high performance hybrid sports car
+January 13, 2015
+Acura unveiled the production model of the next-generation NSX at the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS). The high performance hybrid features a new twin-turbocharged 75-degree DOHC V6 engine with an Acura-designed 9-speed dual clutch transmission (DCT) and three-electric motor Sport Hybrid system, all integrated with an ultra-rigid and lightweight multi-material body with world’s-first material applications and manufacturing processes.
+The NSX was introduced at the auto show under the theme of “Precision Crafted Performance.” The theme was the original tagline for the Acura brand, a guiding force behind the development of the original NSX and a critical component of its launch.
+More... | Comments (3) | TrackBack (0)
+Hyundai introduces hybrid version of new Sonata; 10% improvement in fuel economy over predecessor
+Hyundai introduced the Hybrid version of the. Hyundai expects the 2016 Sonata Hybrid to improve fuel economy more than 10%. Sonata Hybrid will be built at Hyundai’s Asan, South Korea assembly plant and will go on sale early this summer.
+The 2016 Sonata Hybrid features a downsized 2.0-liter Nu GDI four-cylinder engine paired.
+More... | Comments .
+More... | Comments (11) | TrackBack (0)
+Next-gen Chevy Volt EREV is more efficient, with 50-mile electric range.
+More... | Comments (16) | TrackBack (0)
+Mercedes-Benz unveils self-driving fuel cell hybrid luxury concept at CES; novel body structures
+January 06, 2015
+In a world premiere, Mercedes-Benz unveiled the self-driving fuel cell hybrid electric F 015 Luxury in Motion concept at the CES. In addition to its autonomous driving capability, a key aspect of the research vehicle is the continuous exchange of information between vehicle, passengers, and the outside world.
+The drive system is based on the pioneering F-CELL PLUG-IN HYBRID system seen in the F 125! research vehicle from 2011 (earlier post), and combines on-board generation of electricity with an exceptionally powerful and compact high-voltage battery. The pressure tank made from CFRP is designed to store the hydrogen. (The drive system in the 2011 F 125!, which generated a continuous output of 170 kW (231 hp) and a peak output of 230 kW (313 hp), featured the latest Mercedes-Benz stack, a 10 kWh Li-sulfur battery, four wheel motors and structure-integrated hydrogen storage with MOFs.), . This accelerates the F 125! to 100 km/h in 4.9 seconds, with a top speed of 220 km/h (137 mph).
+More... | Comments (4) | TrackBack (0)
+Cambridge team successfully tests hybrid light aircraft; 30% fuel savings
+December 23, 2014.
+More... | Comments (9) | TrackBack )
+Renault & partners show research prototypes: 2-cyl. 2-stroke diesel, 48V mild-hybrid diesel, delivery EV
+December 13, 2014
+At its recent Innovations@Renault event, the France-based automaker presented three research prototypes developed in tandem with its partners as cooperative projects: a mild-hybrid diesel produced as part of the HYDIVU (Hybrid Diesel for LCVs); a two-cylinder, two-stroke diesel from the POWERFUL (POWERtrain for FUture Light-duty vehicles) project (earlier post); and an electric light commercial van developed as part of the du VELUD (Electric Vehicle for Sustainable Urban Logistics) project.
+HYDIVU is a 48V mild-hybrid diesel solution to bring down consumption and emissions in LCVs. The objective of this project is to reduce the consumption of LCVs for business customers who travel long distances. Developed on the base of the Renault Master, this prototype is fitted with a powertrain that integrates an electric motor (mild hybridization), Twin-turbo technology and a downspeeding design. The combination of these three technologies results in a in a fuel consumption saving of up to 10% when used over long distances.
+More... | Comments (10) | TrackBack (0)
+Audi introducing 2nd-gen Q7 SUV at NAIAS; e-tron quattro diesel PHEV model; 2nd gen MLB
+December 12, 2014
+Audi will present the new second-generation Audi Q7 at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit in January. In addition to other advances in drivetrain, chassis, lightweight construction, assistance systems and infotainment systems, the new Q7 will also offer an e-tron quattro version: the first plug-in hybrid with a six-cylinder diesel engine and quattro all-wheel drive. The new Audi Q7 also marks the debut of the second-generation modular longitudinal platform (MLB), the Audi technology matrix for models with longitudinally mounted engines, said Prof. Dr. Ulrich Hackenberg, Audi Board Member for Technical Development.
+The Audi Q7 e-tron quattro all-wheel drive diesel plug-in hybrid will consume just 1.7 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers (138.4 mpg US), corresponding to less than 50 grams CO2 per kilometer (80.5 g/mi). The lithium-ion battery pack in the Q7 e-tron quattro stores 17.3 kWh of energy, enabling a range of up to 56 kilometers (34.8 mi) in all-electric mode.
+More... | Comments (9) | TrackBack (0)
+DOE issues FY 2015 SBIR/STTR Release 2 funding opportunity, including hydrogen fuel cells, electric drive batteries
+December 09, 2014))
+Oerlikon Graziano showcasing hybrid and electric transmission systems at CTI; new 2-speed AMT
+December 05,.
+More... | Comments (1) |)
+Honda begins sales of new Grace Hybrid in Japan; 4WD option
+Honda Motor Co., Ltd. has begun sales of the all-new Grace hybrid sedan at dealerships across Japan. The Grace is equipped with Honda’s Sport Hybrid i-DCD one-motor hybrid system that enables the driver to start in EV mode and realizes fuel economy of 34.4 km/L (81 mpg US or 2.9 l/100 km) under the JC 08 mode—best among all hybrid sedan models in the Japanese market. The Sport Hybrid i-DCD is also applied in the Fit and Vezel hybrids, and earlier had been the subject of three recalls due to separate problems with its &-speed DCT. (Earlier post.)
+Also, for the first time as a compact hybrid sedan in this size category, the all-new Grace offers a 4WD version in its lineup. Honda’s monthly sales target in Japan is 3,000 units.
+More... | Comments (3) | TrackBack (0)
+Calls for an international 48V electrical standard for vehicles; looming WLTP implementation)
+MHI completes development of next-generation LNG carrier; apple-shaped tanks and hybrid propulsion
+November 29, 2014
+Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) has completed development of the “Sayaringo STaGE,” a next-generation LNG (liquefied natural gas) carrier. The Sayaringo STaGE was developed as a successor to the Sayaendo (earlier post), the company’s LNG carrier evolved from carriers with Moss-type spherical tanks that offer a high level of reliability. (Moss-type LNG carriers use independent spherical cargo tanks supported by a cylindrical skirt integrated with the hull and covered with a hemispherical steel cover attached to the main deck.)
+While the Sayaendo (sayaendo = peas in a pod in Japanese) features a peapod-shaped continuous cover for the Moss spherical tanks that is integrated with the ship’s hull, in lieu of a conventional hemispherical cover, the new Sayaringo (ringo being the Japanese word for “apple”) STaGE adopts apple-shaped tanks, resulting in nearly a16% increase in LNG carrying capacity without changing the ship’s width. Further, a hybrid propulsion system has boosted fuel efficiency by more than 20% compared to the Sayaendo (and more than 40% vis-à-vis earlier carriers).
+More... | Comments (0) |) |)
+Lux Research: fuel cell vehicles lag other drivetrains in terms of cost of ownership; ICE and HEV lowest cost)) | TrackBack (0)
+EALABC paper outlines approach to 48V hybrid systems with advanced lead-carbon batteries
+November 19,.
+More... | Comments (4) | TrackBack (0)
+Volkswagen outlines a range of near-term technologies for reducing fuel consumption and emissions; stop-start 2.0, 10-speed DSG
+November 11, 2014
+Volkswagen presented its latest technologies for reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions—which includes the first 10-speed dual-clutch gearbox (DSG)—in an Innovation Workshop for the media at the Ehra-Lessien test track facility near Wolfsburg.
+Volkswagen AG has set the goal of becoming the world’s most sustainable carmaker by the year 2018. Compared to baseline figures for 2010, the Group wants to reduce energy and water consumption, waste generation and emissions (including CO2 emissions) by 25% in all of its business areas. (I.e., VW’s “Strategy 2018”, earlier post.) To achieve this, the Volkswagen brand—the highest volume brand of the Group—is counting on electric mobility (zero-emission and plug-in hybrid models); on continually more fuel-efficient combustion engines and gearboxes; progressive lightweight design; aerodynamics; and efficiency “in every conceivable area”.
+More... | Comments (1) | TrackBack (0)
+Honda beginning sales of Legend with 3-motor Sport Hybrid SH-AWD system in January; V6 with cylinder deactivation
+November 10,.
+More... | Comments (15) | TrackBack (0)
+GKN Land Systems ramping up production of electric flywheel hybrid technology for buses
+November 06, 2014
+GKN Land Systems is ramping up production of its Gyrodrive electric flywheel hybrid technology for buses following successful trials in London and the start of UK production. (Earlier post.) rpm.
+More... | Comments )
+GM Warren Transmission Plant to build electric drive unit for second-gen Volt; part of $300M investment in Michigan through end of year
+October 28,.
+More... | Comments (25) | TrackBack (0)
+Navigant Research forecasts plug-ins will be 2.4% of global new vehicle sales by 2023; luxury brands to represent about 50% of that
+October 23, 2014)
+Nissan leads with transfer of California ZEV credits out for year ending 30 Sep 2014
+October 17,.
+More... | Comments (1) |)
+Worldwide sales of Toyota Corp. hybrids top 7 million; Prius family accounts for 67.8%
+Cumulative global sales of Toyota Motor Corporation’s (TMC) hybrid vehicles has exceeded the 7 million unit mark as of 30 September, reaching 7.053 million units. This latest million-unit milestone was achieved in the fastest time yet for Toyota, taking just nine months.
+As of this month, Toyota sells 27 different hybrid passenger car models and one plug-in hybrid model in more than 90 countries and regions. The Prius family with all its variants accounts for 67.8% of all TMC hybrids sold through 30 Sep: 4.778 million units.
+More... | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)) |)
+EPA annual trends report finds new vehicle fuel economy at record 24.1 mpg; new powertrain technologies rapidly gaining share
+October 10, 2014
+EPA released the latest edition of its annual report on trends in CO2 emissions, fuel economy and powertrain technology for new personal vehicles in the US. Among the top-level findings was that Model year 2013 vehicles achieved an average of 24.1 mpg (9.76 l/100 km)—a 0.5 mpg increase over the previous year and an increase of nearly 5 mpg since 2004. Fuel economy has now increased in eight of the last nine years; average carbon dioxide emissions are also at a record low of 369 g/mile in model year 2013. The majority of the carbon and oil savings from current vehicles is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies, the report observed.
+The report, “Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2014”, also found that the light truck market share increased slightly in MY 2013, after several years of volatility; that the vehicle weight trend is flat and vehicle power trend is increasing more slowly; that many new powertrain technologies are rapidly gaining market share; and that consumers have an increasing number of high fuel economy/low CO2 vehicle choices.
+More... | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)
+USABC reopens 4 RFPIs for development of advanced high-performance batteries for start/stop, 48V HEV, PHEV and EVs) |)
+Infiniti Q80 Inspiration concept hybrid delivers 550 hp with 42.8 mpg fuel economy
+October 02, 2014
+Infiniti unveiled the Q80 Inspiration concept car at the 2014 Paris Motor Show, it what it called a signal of its intent to break into the top tier of the premium sedan category; the concept will lead to a future model. The four-door fastback is powered by a hybrid electric powertrain that is expected to deliver 550 hp (410 kW) with fuel consumption of 5.5 L/100 km (42.8 mpg US) and CO2 emissions of about 129 g/km.
+The powertrain incorporates a new aluminum-based downsized twin-turbocharged 3.0-liter V6 that is part of a new engine family which will be introduced within the next two years. (Infiniti plans to double its powertrain range over the next five years.) The 450 hp (336 kW) V6 gasoline engine will be supported by an electric motor powered by a Li-ion battery pack, capable of adding around 75 kW (100 hp) hybrid power boost when required, and a 9-speed automatic gearbox.
+More... | Comments (6) | TrackBack (0)
+Hyundai showcasing new downsized turbo engines and 7-speed dual-clutch transmission; i40 48V Hybrid, i30 CNG)
+Lamborghini’s)
+MAN shows TGX parallel diesel hybrid truck concept, previews CNG in TGM trucks at IAA; gearbox cooperation with Scania
+September 28, 2014
+At the IAA, MAN (part of the Volkswagen Group) presented a concept diesel-electric parallel hybrid version of its long-haul TGX truck. (MAN showed the Metropolis research truck, a range-extended electric refuse collection truck developed in collaboration with Benteler Engineering Services for use in the city, at IAA 2012, earlier post.) Also at IAA, MAN gave a preview of the CNG technology in trucks with a TGM distributor chassis; the CNG trucks are due in the market in 2016. (MAN has an established line of CNG-powered buses.)
+TGX Hybrid. The MAN TGX concept hybrid will be driven by a parallel hybrid system, supplied by a 440 hp (328 kW) diesel engine and an electric motor with 130 kW drive power. The electric motor acts as an alternator when coasting and braking. A MAN TipMatic gearbox transfers power to the rear axle.
+More... | Comments )
+ORNL study finds best current use of natural gas for cars is efficient production of electricity for EVs
+September 24, 2014
+A well-to-wheels analysis of the use of natural gas for passenger vehicles by a team of researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has found that, with a high PTW (pump-to-wheels) efficiency and the potential for high electrical generation efficiency with NGCC (natural gas combined cycle) turbines, natural gas currently is best used in an efficient stationary power application for charging EVs.
+However, they also noted, high PTW efficiencies and the moderate fuel economies of current compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) make them a viable option as well. If CNG were to be eventually used in hybrids, the advantage of the electric generation/EV option shrinks. Their open access paper is published in the journal Energy.
+More... | Comments (37) | TrackBack (0)
+New Ford Mondeo to offer new high-power diesel, 1L EcoBoost, hybrid model, pedestrian detection technology
+Ford Motor Company announced that the all-new Ford Mondeo (which is badged as Fusion in the US) in Europe will offer a new high-power diesel engine in addition to a new 1.0L EcoBoost gasoline engine option and a new hybrid option. The new Mondeo goes on sale as a four-door hybrid, five-door or wagon in dealerships across Europe later this year. The high-powered diesel will be available in early 2015.
+Additionally, the new Mondeo will be Ford’s first car globally to offer a new pedestrian detection technology that could help reduce the severity of accidents or help drivers avoid them altogether.) |)
+Rental company eHi Car Services enters into strategic partnership with SAIC Motor; more electric-drive vehicles
+September 02, 2014.
+eHi already offers the Roewe E50 EV for rental; this new round of EV acquisition is based on eHi’s more than a year of operating experience, data analysis and market experiments.
+More... | Comments (1) |)
+Nissan to begin production of Pathfinder hybrid in Russia; importance of Russian market
+August 27,.
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+Polestar modestly optimizes Volvo V60 diesel Plug-in Hybrid
+August 15,.
+More... | Comments (3) | TrackBack (0)
+SCAQMD funding Siemens test of eHighway overhead catenary system for electric trucks in California
+August 06,.
+More... | Comments (7) |)
+Audi A3 Sportback e-tron plug-in hybrid sales start in Europe; 157 mpg US
+July 31, 2014
+Audi’s first plug-in hybrid, the A3 Sportback e-tron (earlier post), is now available to order for customers in Europe. Approximately 410 Audi dealers in Europe—including 105 in Germany—are selling the A3 e-tron. Pricing on the German market is €37,900 (US$50,800). 1.5 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers (157 mpg US), with CO2 emissions of 35 grams per kilometer (56.3 g/mi).)
+IIHS small overlap front crash testing finds mixed small car results; Volt wins 2014 Top Safety Pick+ award)
+New Volvo XC90 offering two new enhanced automated safety features and new automatic parking capability
+July 22,.
+More... | Comments (1) | TrackBack (0)
+First high-heat plastic air intake manifold with integrated charge air cooler in production on hybrid sports car
+July 18, 2014
+The world’s first high-heat plastic air intake manifold (AIM) with integrated charge air cooler (CAC) in Stanyl Diablo, Royal DSM’s high-temperature-resistant polyamide 46, recently went into production on a recently introduced hybrid sports car—by its description (although not by confirmation from DSM) the BMW i8 (earlier post). Royal DSM noted that the use marks another major step forward in the use of thermoplastics in automotive high-heat zones.
+The injection-molded AIM/CAC manifold operates at 220 °C and withstands pulses of high internal pressure. DSM worked closely together with a leading system supplier to develop the AIM/CAC combination, with DSM providing extensive development and processing support. The part is made in Stanyl Diablo OCD2100, which contains 40% glass fiber reinforcement as well as a specially developed and patented heat stabilizer. This grade has a continuous-use temperature of 220 °C and is able to withstand peak temperatures up to 250 °C.
+More... | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
+Refreshed 2014 Toyota Yaris features revamped 1.0L engine with switching between Atkinson and Otto cycles; new hybrid
+July 16, 2014
+Toyota’s refreshed 2014 Yaris for Europe offers a choice of four powertrains, including a thoroughly reworked 3-cylinder 1.0 gasoline unit that is the first member of a new family of 14 highly efficient engines to be launched by 2015. With a thermal efficiency of 37%, the engine delivers a combined-cycle fuel consumption of 4.1 l/100 (57.4 mpg US), and CO2 emissions reduced to 95 g/km in conjunction with a stop/start system. (Mass-produced gasoline engines on average have a thermal efficiency of between 30 and 35%, Toyota said.)
+The hybrid powertrain has also been revamped, with its CO2 emissions reduced still further to 75 g/km and corresponding combined-cycle consumption lowered to 3.3 l/100 (71.3 mpg US). A 4-cylinder, 1.33-liter gasoline engine and 1.4-liter diesel complete the range.
+More... | Comments )
+BMW Group and Samsung SDI expand partnership on electric drive batteries; i3, i8 and additional hybrid models.
+More... | Comments (1) | TrackBack (0)
+Mercedes-Benz outlines synergies between F1 motorsport and production car engineering
+July 10, 2014
+Mercedes-Benz has outlined areas of actual synergies between its F1 motorsport activities with Mercedes AMG Petronas and Mercedes-Benz Cars. While there is definitely a technology transfer between race and road car engineering, said Paddy Lowe, Executive Director (Technical) at Mercedes AMG Petronas, “it’s a more subtle process than bolting bits from one car onto another.”
+There are examples of direct transfer—such as the Nanoslide technology used to coat cylinder bore surfaces (earlier post)—and then there are examples of indirect transfer, such as F1 serving as a research laboratory for developing new solutions and showing the world what is possible, he noted.
+More... | Comments (0) |)
+Navigant forecasts MHD vehicle market to nearly double by 2035 with declining share of conventional engines; gases win out over electricity
+July 07, 2014
+The number of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) in use worldwide will nearly double between 2014 and 2035, according to a new forecast report by Navigant Research. Navigant projects that annual MHDV sales will grow throughout the forecast period at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.4%.
+Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs)—including battery-electric (BEVs), plug-in hybrid (PHEVs), propane autogas (PAGVs) and natural gas vehicles (NGVs)—will grow from 5.0% of the market in 2014 to 11.2% by 2035. A majority of these AFVs will be NGVs and PAGVs. Vehicles running primarily on hydrogen and electricity will make up less than 1% of all MHDVs in 2035, according to Navigant.
+More... | Comments (22) | TrackBack (0)
+Lexus NX compact utility arrives in North America
+Lexus has introduced the new Lexus NX compact utility, first unveiled in Beijing (earlier post) to North America. The 2015 Lexus NX debuts in two versions, the NX 200t with a turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine and the NX 300h hybrid with 2.5-liter Atkinson-cycle gasoline engine, which brings the brand’s number of hybrid offerings to six—the most among luxury brands.
+Among the features of the hybrid is a new transmission with a kick-down function. Further, the hybrid battery pack is split into two separate pods for better weight distribution, with the additional benefit of more efficient use of cabin space. Both NX models offer their own version of pro-active all-weather drive (AWD). The new Lexus NX features numerous other firsts in a Lexus, among them:
+More... | Comments ) 30, 2014
+Efficient Drivetrains, Inc. (EDI), a producer of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) and continuously variable transmission (CVT) solutions (earlier post), is partnering with Greenkraft, CALSTART, and the California Energy Commission (CEC) to develop a Class-4 vehicle that combines the benefits of compressed natural gas (CNG) and PHEV technology. EDI was co-founded by Professor Andy Frank from UC Davis—a key figure in the development of the PHEV concept and technology—in 2006.
+The effort combines EDI’s intelligent multi-mode PHEV powertrain (EDI-Drive) with Greenkraft’s CNG-powered 14,500-pound, Class-4 medium-duty truck, which is equipped with a 6.0L GM engine. EDI’s solution can improve the fuel economy of a conventional CNG-powered medium-duty truck by more than 40%, the company said.
+More... | Comments (2) |))
+California online dashboard provides information about PEV buyers; importance of incentive funds, $130M from California paid out to date
+A new online tool published by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and California Center for Sustainable Energy offers the general public, researchers, policymakers and stakeholders the opportunity to learn about who is buying plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in California, and why. The online “EV Driver Survey Dashboard” offers multiple approaches to analyzing the data provided by a survey of those who received rebates for purchasing PEVs.
+The dashboard gathers data from California plug-in electric vehicle drivers, providing monthly updates of market data on a variety of demographic and behavioral topics. The survey data sample represents CVRP applicants who purchased their vehicle between September 2012 and April 2014. Surveys were collected between October 2013 and May 2014.
+More... | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)
+Ohio State team wins EcoCAR2 competition with E85 series-parallel plug-in hybrid Malibu
+June 13, a 1.8 L, high-compression-ratio engine recalibrated to run on E85 fuel and an 80 kW peak electric machine to provide power to the front wheels through a six-speed automated manual transmission. The vehicle is capable of operating in charge-depleting, charge-sustaining series and charge-sustaining parallel modes.
+More... | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)
+2014 Audi R18 e-tron Quattro Le Mans racer consumes about 40% less fuel than first TDI engine at Le Mans in 2006
+June 09,.
+More... | Comments (4) | TrackBack (0)
+New passenger vehicle diesel registrations in US up 11.5%, hybrids up 65% from 2010-2013; diesel 2.5x hybrids
+June 05, 2014
+New registrations of all types of diesel passenger vehicles—passenger cars, light-duty trucks, vans, SUVs and heavy-duty pickup trucks (> 8,500lbs gvwr)—increased 11.5% (from 6,337,460 units to 7,068,439), and registrations of hybrid-electric passenger vehicles increased 65% (from 1,717,601 units to 2,826,885) from 2010 through 2013, according to a new analysis and supporting data released by the Diesel Technology Forum. Diesel registrations were 2.5 times those of hybrids over the period, according to the data.
+When looking only at cars and SUVs over that period, diesel registrations in the US increased 30% from 640,779 units to 833,324 units; registrations of hybrid cars and SUVs climbed 65% from 1,714,966 units to 2,821,599. Hybrid car and SUV registrations were 3.4 times those of diesel cars and SUVs.
+More... | Comments (3) |)
+A lot of people use fake, or altered, email addresses on comments threads, presumably because they want to avoid being flooded with spam. But it turns out that these are actually not that vulnerable to spammers harvesting.
+Ever since Crooked Timber started I’ve been using my crookedtimber email address as my email address on all comments boards. And as far as I can tell I’ve never got a single piece of spam sent to that address. So just using a real address does not mean you’ll automatically get spammed.
+To be sure, I also always leave a website address, usually Crooked Timber, so the email address doesn’t show up on default settings. And maybe if I didn’t do that I’d be getting spam because of it. So all I can say with any confidence is that leaving real email addresses on MT comments boards, plus leaving a web address, doesn’t seem to lead to spam.
+{ 8 trackbacks }
+{ 27 comments }
+Paranoid 04.16.04 at 6:50 am
+Interesting, but no thanks. I don’t give my address at public meetings, why should I do so here?
+keef 04.16.04 at 7:33 am
+If they haven’t gotten your email address from this page, don’t worry—they will. And then you’ll get a few, then a torrent, of spam spam spam spam. I use a bogus address here for precisely that reason. K
+mon 04.16.04 at 8:48.
+mon 04.16.04 at 8:49.
+splitred 04.16.04 at 9:15 am
+I’ve gotten a number of spam messages whose subjects named Maxspeak messages on which I commented. Don’t know why they choose to pick on him.
+Keith M Ellis 04.16.04 at 10:08 am
+A bit off-topic, but I’ll say that I, too, hate spam. But I hate the lack of personal accountability on the Internet even more. I will continue as I have for ten years and not obfuscate my identity in any way. That said, it occurs to me that for a while now I’ve been using my blog’s URL here and elsewhere, along with the email address associated with the blog. At the blog I don’t believe my full name or another address appears—I’ll need to correct that. It’s a group blog with one other person who is not as keen on this matter as I am and when I put it together I only included our first names. But a Google on Keith M Ellis will reveal a great deal of information about me. (Note that I’m in the process of moving my personal website to kmellis.com, so some of those pages will be 404.)
+Factory 04.16.04 at 10:19 am
+The problem is that once an email address is spam bound it tends to stay that way, and chaging email addresses is something I do not like to do often.
+Chris Lightfoot 04.16.04 at 12:30 pm
+It’s probably not worth bothering with trying to hide your address. In the end the spammers will get it by dictionary attacks, or buying it from an e-commerce site or a dodgy ISP, or writing a virus to collect addresses from hapless Microsoft Windows users or whatever. My address has been on the web for years, completely unobscured, and I’m not at all troubled by spam. That’s not to say that people don’t spam me, of course; over the past few days, I’ve got on average about one spam every three minutes (plus even more collateral spam). But spam filtering is pretty good now, and I probably only actually see one spam a day. Anyone who isn’t already using a spam filter like Spam Assassin or one of its derivatives should look into installing one. Doing that is a far better countermeasure than trying to keep your address out of the public domain
+teep 04.16.04 at 12:54 pm
+I give out my real email address and my real web page on message boards and blog comments. I don’t think my real name is associated with those, but I haven’t made a special effort to keep them apart. If I am handing out my $.02, the recipient of same should be able to reach me so that he or she can call me a big, fat dodo stupidhead or (less frequently) compliment my style and then call me a big, fat dodo stupidhead. Do I get spam? Yep. The filter gets most of it, and I delete the rest. It doesn’t even raise my blood pressure anymore.
+Abiola Lapite 04.16.04 at 2:20 pm
+——-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE——- Hash: SHA1 “But I hate the lack of personal accountability on the Internet even more.” Then you ought to love PGP-signing of comments. If the Timberites were to follow the advice on here, no one would be forced to view the ugly gibberish surrounding this particular comment of mine, but you’d still have the benefit of being relatively sure that I’m who I claim to be – or, at least, that it’s always the same person going under my name. ——-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE——- Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (MingW32) – GPGshell v3.10 Comment: My Public Key is at the following URL: Comment: iD8DBQFAf914OgWD1ZKzuwkRAiZZAJwK/COOnhRr/RPSSpIGc0WfrPibgQCgjFrB tgsAVBKxczXMIaheG+TZ4lQ= =ic3S——-END PGP SIGNATURE——-
+Brian Weatherson 04.16.04 at 3:09 pm
+…have a contact form instead, where the email is hidden in the script itself, not displayed. That’s not possible to do in comments, so, fake addresses are the only solution. Actually it’s really easy to do in comments. Just leave a web address as well, and no email address is displayed. Any web address will do. Of course, anyone who wants to run this experiment themselves can easily set up a yahoo account and watch. If you just use the address on comments boards and always leave a web address, I bet it won’t end up with any spam. As for the PGP signing, it could be a good idea but I’ll leave it to the technical wizards here.
+Matt Weiner 04.16.04 at 4:20 pm
+I frequently leave an unadorned e-mail address on comment boards—since I run a mostly non-political blog (and can get pissy in arguments), I don’t usually link back to it when I’m making political comments. That address, after eight months or so, is not completely spam-ridden. I get maybe two or three urgent requests for assistance a day—but I get more delete-without-reading e-mails from the university administration! It is conceivable that there is a spam filter on the e-mail, though.
+Keith M Ellis 04.16.04 at 4:23 pm
+About the PGP signing thing… I’d be happy if everything had PGP functionality built into it. But, anyway, regarding Movable Type, this will soon not be necessary as MT 3.0 will go to a validated central-server userid comment system which will solve the spam problem. Although I know some people aren’t thrilled about it. As I’m sure CT does, I use MT-Blacklist; but the last I heard he’s not going to continue to maintain it because of MT 3.0.
+mm 04.16.04 at 6:02 pm
+I usually use a false address, partly because one of my e-mail addresses is associated with my employer, who (a) might wish that I be working, not wasting time like this and (b) might not share my political views. I realize that for a left/liberal academic or journalist (a category that includes many bloggers), that latter problem is literally inconceivable. My home e-mail address is also associated with my name, so again, my employer, my clients etc. may not find my political views congenial. Or at least, why should I take the chance that they won’t?
+Anno-nymous 04.16.04 at 6:15 pm
+I just thought I’d take the opportunity to point out that my linked address is, in fact, a real email account. It’s not my main one, and I don’t check it very often, but I’m darn proud of having registered the account.
+Nat Whilk 04.16.04 at 6:18 pm
+If I am handing out my $.02, the recipient of same should be able to reach me so that he or she can call me a big, fat dodo stupidhead The problem is when they start calling you on your home phone at 3 a.m. to tell you that. That’s no fun.
+teep 04.16.04 at 6:53 pm
+nat whilk wrote: The problem is when they start calling you on your home phone at 3 a.m. to tell you that. That’s no fun. That, to me, would be beyond the bounds of propriety. I would be mortally offended if someone escalated an internet disagreement, no matter how heated, to any sort of physical world confrontation. (I realize some people do behave that way, but I figure anyone who does can’t claim to be civilized.) Unfortunately, I do not have a good civilized response to this sort of uncivilized behavior. I am open to suggestions…
+Keith M Ellis 04.16.04 at 7:16 pm
+I have never had anything remotely like that happen to me. Even though my physical address and phone number have been easily discovered. Once, though, I did invite some tough-talking (violence talking) guy to come visit me. I felt bad about it afterwards, though, because although I wasn’t particularly worried about my own safety, at the time I lived with an SO (female) and a good friend (male) that I was putting in harm’s way without having consulted them first. It was irresponsible of me. …and that is a real consideration. I have a personal sense of responsibility and accountability that demands that I be directly responsible for everything I say in the public sphere—including being accountable to friends, family, employers, etc. But regarding the people that actually live with me…should they be at risk because I said something that some nut case took badly and our address is easily obtainable? Well, no, not without their consent. I have another roomate currently (actually my closest friend), and we haven’t discussed this. We ought to.
+MDtoMN 04.16.04 at 8:39 pm
+I started posting at Conservative sites, and I mostly didn’t want to have to continue debates past a certain point. It’s great to debate on a message board, but I don’t want to have to sift through tons of “you’re an anti-semite because you’re a Democrat” or “you’re an idiot for believing in global warming” types of e-mail to see what my sister or folks want to e-mail me (particularly since their e-mails largely consist of uplifting things, like bull dogs on skate boards).
+Matt Weiner 04.16.04 at 8:50 pm
+I realize that for a left/liberal academic or journalist (a category that includes many bloggers), that latter problem is literally inconceivable. Ha ha. I actually do worry that someone on a search committee will see some of my blog comments and decide I’m a jerk. That’s why I try to keep my own blog almost politics-free. I do worry that it was unwise of me to start commenting using my own name (though it may be better than having “Matthew Weiner dies suddenly” as the #1 Google hit).
+mon 04.16.04 at 10:36 pm
+I don’t believe it’s a matter of ‘personal accountability’ when it comes to making a comment, writing your opinions, even keeping a web site or weblog. Anonymity is a right. Especially when voicing opinions. You’re still responsible for what you write. Obviously. But I don’t think the choice of preserving your privacy above all should be so disparaged. You can write letters to the editor of a newspaper, they’ll publish it if it’s interesting, and bin it if it’s not – but they won’t publish your home address and telephone number unless you ask them to specifically, for whatever reason. So I don’t see why it should be different on the net. Besides, even when you’re posting anonymously, if someone wants a way to contact you, they can just ask in the thread and you can give a simple spam-proof instruction. So, no need to turn internet privacy into some kind of irresponsibility. It’s a very precious thing. No better reminder of that than when it’s abused. I suppose it’s all a matter of personal experiences, but I’d rather not risk having nastier ones than those I’ve already had.
+Keith M Ellis 04.16.04 at 10:44 pm
+Yes, well, this expectation of a public privacy seems to me to be an accident of history, an aberration that people have for some bizarre reasons come to think of as a “right”. Newspapers don’t publish addresses but almost all refuse to publish anonymous letters. It doesn’t take much effort to track someone down if you know their name and where they live. And the fact that my address and phone number have been easily obtainable has more to do with my resume being on the web than anything else. The key anti-anonymity point I was making was that my real world identity is not hidden or obfuscated and thus what I say here reflects on me in my real life. As it should.
+Anatoly 04.17.04 at 12:26 am
+anno-nymous: nice address! I’ve only seen one address which impressed me even more than yours does—this guy.
+mon 04.17.04 at 7:38 am
+Keith: sorry but what other kinds of privacy apart from ‘public privacy’ are there? Privacy is all you preserve from the public area. There’s nothing bizarre at all in considering it a right because it simply is. By all definitions, legal included. I don’t understand why you seem to believe that in order to comment or write anywhere on the internet, people have to know your full name and address. Does that alone make what you write more interesting or valid or reliable? I don’t think so. I don’t care who you are and what you do in ‘real’ life and if I can look your name up in a telephone directory or not. I’m only reading your opinions on a specific forum. I’m not interested in the rest, whether you think it’s relevant or not. I’m a real person too living a real life as well, the fact you don’t know my name and surname from the net does not make any difference because you don’t know me in person anyway. This whole notion that you have to ID yourself as to the police only to post an opinion on a discussion board is what sounds truly bizarre to me. In letters to newspaper editors, you can actually only write your first name and they will publish it all the same. They are bound to respect your anonymity. I don’t know any paper who violates a a request not to publish one’s name and address. But even if your details appear in a newspaper, there are still next to no risks of being spammed and abused. On the internet, there are tons because your details are forever there and searchable, by bots or individuals. If privacy is not a right, then what, spamming and stalking are?
+Keith M Ellis 04.17.04 at 11:30 am
+Privacy hasn’t traditionally been a “right” in the sense that other rights have been recognized. And what I mean by “public privacy” is what I think you’re misleadingly calling “privacy”: anonymity or semi-anonymity in public. Real privacy is…privacy. That acts that occur in private are private. But there’s no reason in the world that I have a “right” to get up on a soapbox in the public square yet hide behind a curtain. Well, okay, traditionally there is some value seen in anonymous political speech (and related), but in that traditional world such anonymity was the exception, not the rule. One had to go to some trouble to be an anonymous public figure. Today, everyone can be and many are. This has turned the equation on its head. Before, there was too much personal accountability for one’s speech in the context of asserting unpopular political or religious ideas and anonymity served a necessary purpose. Now, there’s too little personal accountability—this anonymity in public is being misused far, far more than it is being socially useful. That you ask: “does that alone make what you write more interesting or valid or reliable?” indicates that you don’t get where I’m coming from at all. It’s not about making my writing more appealing to you, or more credible, or whatever—it’s making me be accountable for what I write. People say outrageious things on the net that they’d never, ever say in real life simply because they can get away with it. I refuse to allow myself that unaccountability. This language of “rights” really bothers me because, firstly, I don’t believe in “natural rights” anyway; and, secondly, even if I did, I don’t see how there could be a “natural right” to being anonymous in public. Yeah, I can come up with a utilitarian argument for it…maybe…but that this is automatically cast in the language of assumed inalienable “rights” just drives me crazy.
+teep 04.17.04 at 1:16 pm
+keith m ellis wrote: Now, there’s too little personal accountability—this anonymity in public is being misused far, far more than it is being socially useful. This may be a valid complaint about the internet. However, there are two factors that complicate “public life” on the internet a bit beyond what we are used to in regular, real-world public life. First, a lot of the internet is permanent or semi-permanent. In real life, there’s a reasonably-permanent paper trail, but it isn’t a continuous thing… there are dinner bills and charge card receipts and rental cars and airline tickets and so forth, but there is no data about what happens outside of the paper trail AND the paper trail takes some effort to amass. Joe Average would have to do some serious legwork to get a real-world paper trail together. On the internet, due to the nature of the interactions, a whole lot more of them are logged. It’d be one big paper trail if the internet used paper, which it does not. In addition, most of the logged transactions are instantly, easily searchable by anyone with the sense to crank up google or whatever. In real life, my dad can’t pull up an archive on my college years and discover how much semi-anonymous sex I had on his nickle while I was allegedly getting an education. (Good thing, too.) On the internet, throwaway posts I wrote to message boards five years ago still exist. They’re easily searchable. I honestly feel that these sorts of archives, unexpectedly permanent and unexpectedly easy to riffle through, will eventually wind up biting someone in the butt. Probably several someones. He also wrote: People say outrageious things on the net that they’d never, ever say in real life simply because they can get away with it. I refuse to allow myself that unaccountability. This is your perogative. However, I will not be joining you at that table. I do not wish to make it clear, obvious, and easy for anyone with my real name (like, say, my grandmother) to be able to pull up my web pages on yaoi bondage manga. I don’t think yaoi bondage manga is wrong, particularly, but I don’t see any reason to make it super-easy for my grandma to find out I read* the stuff. [*for values of ‘read’ that include a dictionary and a handbook of Japanese grammar] Because of the volume of the paper trail on the internet, because of its unexpected permanence, and because of the ease with which it may be searched, I see no harm in keeping my real-world identity somewhat apart from my internet identity.
+mon 04.17.04 at 3:36 pm
+keith – ok, anonymity is not the same thing as privacy, but on the internet, for people who, unlike you, chose to not use their real full name, anonymity is a means to preserve privacy. Whatever reasons they may have to choose that option, I simply object to it being reduced to a lack of responsibility. It does depend on the actual content of what one writes. If you were here trolling and posting objectionable stuff and insults and racist comments and so on, you’d be a moron with no sense of responsibility anyway, whether you used your real name or not. Choosing anonymity does not automatically mean you’re abusing an internet forum. You can’t lump in together anonymous trolls and anonymous commenters just because they both happen to not display their real names. You know? There might a lot of good reasons not to use your real name, aside from avoiding spam itself. Everyone chooses what they feel comfortable with. I find this attribution of “cowardice” to anonymous posters quite pretentious to be honest.No? Why not? It is everyone’s right to choose what they prefer, anonymity or real name. Actually, the way you’re putting it here, seems to me you’re the one getting on the high horse of “I use my real name therefore I am more responsible than you”. What kind of higher accountability does that give you? I see none. What matters in the context of a discussion on the net is simply what you’re writing in that particular discussion. Nothing else. I don’t know what you’re referring to, honestly. Seems to me anonymity and/or privacy are becoming more and more of an issue, in terms of legislation as well. So seems to me it’s actually considered a right. Even voting is private and anonymous. Yes, you do need to ID yourself to vote but no one will know who and what you voted for. So the most relevant form of public (as it does have a public outcome) expression of one’s political views is envisaged to grant you the highest anonymity. If privacy wasn’t a right, I guess we’d all be forced by law to declare our vote and have it attached to our social security or ID card or something like that. So I don’t see what’s so odd about considering it a right to keep one’s views anonymous in the context of a discussion on the internet. I’ve signed petitions with my real name and address, I’ve sent non-anonymous letters to editors, or to political parties or media, etc. But the internet is different. For the reasons teep explained above, among others. Besides, when I’m writing to a paper or tv network, I know they have editors and they have to respect laws as well as professional codes of conduct in matters of privacy and everything else. I cannot always assume or demand the same standards from an internet forum or a website, no matter how much I may consider it reliable and trustworthy. Web sites are not subject to the same requirements as printed publications; which is fine, as that allows more people to speak their minds, but it means it’s a completely unregulated context and therefore I’ll have to be responsible for protecting my own privacy myself. I’m not going to let anyone, whatever reasons they may have, collect information about me that they may use in ways I may not particularly care for, from spamming to abuse to stalking to harassment to slander; but I still like to take advantage of the opportunity to contribute to a discussion, if the owner of that site accepts and welcomes comments. I don’t understand what’s so despicable about that.
+This report was written to inform news media coverage about assisted suicide anticipated in conjunction with the Supreme Court’s 1997 decision that assisted suicide is not a constitutionally protected right and that its legality is left up to the states.
+Burnout, fatigue and depression can lead to medical errors, the study found.
+When a hospice patient dies under questionable circumstances, family members need to ask questions, learn as much as possible and if.
+The bill also fails to specify or mandate any procedural safeguards to ensure that the request for assisted suicide has not been made by someone acting under duress or suffering from clinical depressi.
+Mar 23, 2016. Should assisted suicide be available to persons who want to end such. The pain of severe depression is quite unimaginable to those.
+It has been said that if a fence is built around something, one should learn why the fence is there before dismantling it. For thousands of years, in virtually every culture, a legal “fence” has prohibited euthanasia and treated it as homicide.
+Endnotes for Part I: 1. Some portions of Assisted Suicide: Not for Adults Only? are included in this report. For entire text, see Not for Adults Only.
+Physician-assisted suicide: a review of the literature concerning practical and clinical implications for UK doctors. Madelyn Hsiao-Rei HicksEmail author.
+Jul 1, 2015. Assisted suicide, however, is either legal, decriminalized, or up for. a 24-year- old woman who suffers from severe depression the right to die.
+Top Reasons to Oppose Assisted Suicide Assisted suicide is a deadly mix with our profit-driven health care system • Some patients in Oregon have received word from the Oregon Health Plan that it will pay for assisted
+Mar 17, 2018. Assisted suicides in the Netherlands include a 29-year-old who had nothing. from psychiatric illnesses, including severe anxiety, depression,
+Could a physician assisted suicide be used for someone who has a major depression or bipolar disorder, etc., or something of the like and their quality of life is absolutely horrible and they are not insane?
+Assisted dying not only for depression, but also for other mental illnesses, major depression with melancholic or psychotic features 38-53 years after the index.
+Preventing depression, not physician assisted suicide, where both euthanasia and physician assisted suicide are legal. A major depressive disorder was identified.
+Home » 2020 Topics & Objectives » Mental Health and Mental Disorders. 1.9 suicide attempts per 100. 12 to 17 years who experience major depressive.
+The Psychic-Assisted Suicide trope as used in popular culture. One of the most dangerous weapons in a psychic’s arsenal— the ability to make your.
+Nov 1, 2014. The Oregon assisted-suicide experiment has major problems. a 40-year documented history of major depression and suicide attempts.
+Psychological Aspects of Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide – Download as Word Doc (.doc /.docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online.
+Learning Perspective Of Depression Cognitive Theories Of Major Depression. They are called "cognitive behavioral" because they address those mental events in the context of the learning theory that. Behavioral theories of depression explain the etiology of depression based on the. Social learning theory focused on identifying and avoiding behaviors that. The theory of learned helplessness. the application of the
+Depression and Suicide Risk (2014). • Major depressive disorder • Disruptive mood Dysregulation disorder [This includes both chronic major depressive disorder
+Assisted suicide is suicide committed with the aid of another person, depression, anxiety, extreme air. Listed below are some major organizations that support.
+It’s not hard to guess where the folks behind the new biopic of Dr. Jack Kevorkian stand on the topic of physician-assisted suicide HBO’s “You Don. on patients with more treatable issues—like depre.
+Suicide and Assisted Suicide: The Role of Depression. suicidal AIDS patients evaluated at Memorial Hospital were suffering from an undiagnosed major depression.
+On Assisted Suicide, Unlike assisted suicide, patients can ask for treatment withdrawal even if they have major depression or are suicidal.
+Jul 2, 2015. Ambassadors For Assisted Dying. Actor Sir Patrick Stewart. Actor Hugh Grant. South African Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Author Sir Terry.
+Thyroid Syndrome And Depression Hyp.
+Chronic Depression and Assisted Suicide:. Anywhere from 15 to 30 percent of patients with Major Depressive Disorder will be considered treatment resistant or.
+The Dutch Debate Doctor-Assisted Suicide For Depression A controversial new clinic that helps the chronically depressed end their lives has The Netherlands wrestling with state-mandated euthanasia.
+Competent patients suffering from treatment-resistant depressive disorder should be treated no different in the context of assisted dying to other patients suffering from chronic conditions that render their lives permanently not worth living to them.
+Possibility that incurable depression meets criteria for doctor-assisted suicide. "A patient suffering from treatment-resistant major depressive disorder can.
+Psychiatrist Joe Cassar is totally against the idea of assisted suicide or euthanasia. Alcohol is a depressogenic agent (it leads to depression), and depression is one of the major causes of suicid.
+[embedyt]//[/embedyt]
+treatmentofdepression,Assisted. • Suicide (feels life is not. resident is at risk for major depression or has minor de – pression.
+There is a general consensus that individuals with a major depression can be effectively treated, Rosenfeld B. Depression, assisted suicide and the right to die.
+Q: How is the debate around physician-assisted death different in Canada compared to the Netherlands? A: The discussion around physician-assisted suicide in Holland has. dementia all the time or pe.
+When talking about the mentally ill as candidates for assisted suicide or euthanasia, people generally think of severe and crippling depression.
+Robin Williams: Depression Alone Rarely Causes Suicide. People with major depressive disorder (also known as clinical, major or unipolar depression).
+Jan 27, 2011. Clinical ethics. Prevalence of depression in granted and refused requests for euthanasia and assisted suicide: a systematic review.
+Wisconsin Right to Life information on euthanasia. Are you pregnant? Need Help? At 123GiveLife.com you can find a pregnancy help center in Wisconsin near.
+Feb 1, 1998. Indeed, a poll of dying patients confirms that assisted suicide is rarely wished for, except in those patients where clinical depression is present.7.
+On a couple of occasions, I have found myself in the hospital with a major illness, deeply depressed and thinking suicidal thoughts. If physician-assisted suicide were legal here and I had yielded to.
+Jan 7, 2018. Physician-assisted suicide is finding more acceptance. by law, even for patients whose illnesses may be treatable, as with major depression;.
+Feb 16, 2016. Physician-assisted suicide laws have opened a Pandora's Box of. either situational depression or major depression — and this bill passes,
+An ‘Assisted Suicide’ bill will be the subject of a major public hearing at the State Capitol on. of determining that the patient is competent and not suffering from depression or any other psychia.
+This position is flawed on two counts: (1) A major purpose of the medical profession is to. believing that abuses are rampant in The Netherlands, where physician-assisted suicide is still illegal b.
+Antidepressants and suicide. In October 2003, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a public health advisory regarding reports of suicidality in pediatric patients being treated with antidepressant medications for major depressive disorder.
+The medical community at large opposes legalizing assisted suicide in the United States; major medical organizations such as the American Medical Association, the American College of Physicians and.
+Rather than dying alone by assisted suicide, he was instead cared for by the Hamiltons and by his friends–who assured the now imminently dying man "that they valued him and did not want him to kill h.
+is a national, grassroots disability rights group that opposes legalization of assisted suicide and euthanasia as deadly forms of discrimination.
+The Psychic-Assisted Suicide trope as used in popular culture. One of the most dangerous weapons in a psychic’s arsenal— the ability to make your.
+An overview of statistics for major depression. Major depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the United States. For some individuals, major depression can result in severe impairments that interfere with or limit one’s ability to carry out major.
+Woman Dealing With Depression, Anorexia Euthanized When. was 'no major depression or other. oppose assisted suicide and euthanasia.
+Report from the APA Working Group on Assisted Suicide and End-of-Life Decisions.
+An overview of statistics for major depression. Major depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the United States. For some individuals, major depression can result in severe impairments that interfere with or limit one’s ability to carry out major.
+Jul 2, 2015. “The right to die—Why assisted suicide should be legal,” the headline read. Godelieva suffered a major bout of clinical depression in 2010.
+Top Reasons to Oppose Assisted Suicide Assisted suicide is a deadly mix with our profit-driven health care system • Some patients in Oregon have received word from the Oregon Health Plan that it will pay for assisted
+May 11, 2016. Woman Dealing With Depression, Anorexia Euthanized When Doctors. The patient, they said, was 'totally competent' and there was 'no major depression or other. Most disability rights groups oppose assisted suicide and.
+Burnout, fatigue and depression can lead to medical errors, the study found.
+Sep 23, 2016. “Suicide is an act of self-harm that is almost always a byproduct of mental illness like schizophrenia or severe depression,” he writes. This is in.
+Browse our selection of over 20 million products and discover new deals everyday at Amazon.com®. Enjoy free shipping on qualified orders.
+More Depression Articles ...
+- Depression Stress And Anxiety: What Brain Disorder Is Associated With Symptoms Of Manic Depression The name 'bipolar disorder' has come to replace the name 'manic depression', but the idea is the same – bipolar symptoms vary between two poles, mania. Abou...
+- Chronic Pain Depression And Anxiety: For decades, the medical community viewed opioids with caution when treating chronic. can address pain and withdrawal symp. Buy books at Amazon.com and save. Free Shipping on Qualified Orders. Jun 22, 2016. In addition to depression, anxiety, and sub...
+- Major Depression And Bipolar Disorders: Coping With Depression In The Elderly Guide to help understand and demonstrate Coping Mechanisms within the NCLEX-RN exam. Dec 18, 2013. "The opposite of depression is not happiness, but vitality, and it was vitality that seemed to seep away fro...
+- Core Symptoms Of Depression: Realizing Your Potential Supporting You to Be Your Best - - In Health, In Business, At Home and In LIFE! By Dr. Mark B. Sanders, Chiropractor / Coach Antidepressants aren’t the only solution for depression. Research shows that exercise works as well ...
+-...
+- Is Depression As Symptom: Depression In Gay Youth Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or not sure youth were 3.41 times more likely to report a. increased risk of recurrent depression among gay men, with symptom onset. Jan 26, 2017. Reports of elevated risk of suicide in the LGBT communi...
+Ninja logging is just extremely pathetic and cowardish to do. AT LEAST leave the group on your own so that the actual people don't get the problems YOU put us up with.
+If you ninja log, I despise and hate you. Just saying :/
+Ninja logging is just extremely pathetic and cowardish to do. AT LEAST leave the group on your own so that the actual people don't get the problems YOU put us up with.
+If you ninja log, I despise and hate you. Just saying :/
+Ninja logging is never ok. Don't be a coward. Have some spine, and just say that things aren't working out and leave instead. If you ninja log, it'll just leave the other people in the raid waiting for 5-20 minutes wondering if you just had a temporary disconnection. If you fake a DC, you're wasting the time of many people just because you're afraid of confrontations.
+If i get things ninjaed off me i just dont care alot.. it happens. The other week on my warlock in Hcs to gear up a belt dropped (with spirit on) and the priest healer already had a HC belt (no spirit on) and i did need, Yes i admit it probs was wrong but i dont class it as ninjaing to me as the healer alreayd had somthing just as good. I was useing a green belt from questing. The healer did make an alt on my server to rage at me what i thought was abit over the top...
+Is it considered Ninja logging if your net drops & you can't log back in for a hour or so ?
+Warlords of Draenor Release - June 24th 2014
+(Just my own Prediction, It's not fact)
+I see 4 options, in random order:
+1) Ninja logging. Advantages: no communication, you won't hear the drama related, silent drop. Disadvantages: you won't be able to give feedback or explain your reasoning, frowned upon, can waste people's time ("is the mage coming back or what?!").
+2) Tell why you leave and leave. Advantage: allows people to learn giving an explanation for your reaction. Disadvantage: criticism often not accepted from random strangers, can stir up needless debate and drama.
+3) Leave without saying. Advantage: you won't hear the drama. Disadvantage: if leaving early in instance you'll get debuff, whether justified or not it is often seen as ragequit or asocial (manual groups, or right after wipe in LFD/LFR), in a LFD/LFR person can have left cause mom told them to (nobody will know).
+4) AFK (in or out of instance). Do something else. Advantage: you won't get debuff. Disadvantage: you piss the whole group off, not just the person who grieved you, you get kicked which counts against your streak.
+As one can observe there is no ideal way to leave the group because it differs on the situation and context. I prefer #2 by default or else #3 because the other two are more mean but sometimes people deserve a glass of water poured in their face in order to wake up.
+More or less because people can consider whatever due to context. If you wiped 5 times and your net quits, well then people assume. In LFD/LFR/BG it is now generally considered acceptable that random people come and leave.
+"When i am done with you, you won't trust your own mind."
+It annoys me in DayZ, but in WoW, meh.
+Each to their own I guess, until I finalise my rail gun.
+I remember a time when a mate of mine, a resto druid was doing a dungeon just after they gave them a proper rez. Someone died, asked for a rez, he couldn't find it, panicked and alt+f4'ed. I lol'ed so hard.
+Desktop: AMD FX-8350 @ 4.7Ghz - Cooler Master Hyper 212 Evo - Gigabyte 990XA-UD3 - 8GB Corsair Vengeance 1600Mhz - Sapphire Radeon 7970 Vapor-X Ghz Edition - 60GB OCZ Agility 3 - 2TB WDC - 700W Xigmatek PSU
+The Blood DK > Jellybeans
+The Brewmaster Monk > Karatze
+If the group is completely lacking I'll tell them and leave, no need to log over other people being fail.
+I think that the "ninjalogging" trend was more of a vanilla/tbc/wotlk stuff, dont remember lots of people doing it these days so much anymore
+My case was probably a little extraordinary though considering I was so burned out from previous "fails" that the littlest fail from a "top guild" set me off as being done with WoW. Truthfully though, do people not read debuffs after 5 pulls?
+So, in a way I totally understand why people could want to (and do) alt-f4 anymore.
+I will try to stick it out, especially if the group is nice.
+There are a few circumstances that come into play though:
+A) Is this a private guild run and is the content progression for the group?
+I have been invited to private pugs and will stick around if I know this is important progression for the group. That includes coming back to raids to follow up on anything that didn't work out. This usually constitutes a lot of wipes, and even if I have the kill on a boss, don't mind doing this to help others in some way/shape or form.
+B) Is the group nice? Are they patient?
+I have stuck around in pugs for hours of wipes if the environment is positive and nice. I understand that sometimes things happen, or that it may take a while for random people to be synergistic with each other. Hearing people argue/yell/or name call makes me cringe though, and I will consider leaving. If someone is improperly handling a mechanic, there is a way to tell them without being nasty. If someone can't get a mechanic down, then simply warning them of being replaced can be enough. If not, you can be nice about how you handle a removal. I have watched people graciously step out when they realize they aren't DPS'ing/Healing high enough, learning the fight or having a bad night. I have a lot of respect for people and RL's who do this nicely.
+C) If its been hours and I simply just don't see any type of improvement, I will be honest and give warning beforehand. Something to the effect of: "Guys, I have a few tries left in me, but after that I'm going to go relax." Usually that gets the point across that they may need to find a DPS/Healer soon.
+D) Did they do something that would warrant this?
+If people are doing things like intentionally facepulling bosses/wiping a raid, ninja'ing loot, or trying to screw people in some way - I'll leave immediately. No forewarning needed IMO. I still don't ninja log in that case though.
+I've ninja-logged a very minimal amount of times playing the game: I don't see the need. You can be courteous and bow out of a situation without causing a ruckus.
+Last edited by Beebeey; 2013-02-07 at 01:45 PM.
+I'm in a casual raiding guild (2 nights 2.5 hours) that's doing HoF normal. So, every now and then I'll start a vaults pug out of boredom, getting some alts geared, etc.
+Actually did one yesterday. Started fairly late, about 2130 ST and we would be calling it at 2300ST. After two or three wipes on stone guardians due to people actually expecting it to be "LFR with more health", all the actual baddies left or ninjalogged. We soon replaced them, and really started the raid seriously around 2200ST. The baddies left, we kept the motivated ones, and cleared four bosses in a little under an hour.
+Moral of the story: People ninjalogging or bailing in general are much appreciated. It just shows they were bad all along, weren't interested in comitting to the task at hand, so I'd much rather replace them asap. In my opinion, it's not the heroic raiders that are used to clearing normal in an hour that leave. It's the baddies that expect it to be LFR-Style-Faceroll-Time that leave.
+(For instance, we had a 9/16H raider join us for the run. He stuck with us untill the very end, even though we didn't one-shot a single boss on normal apart from the spirit kings.)
+As for myself, I don't think I've ever ninjalogged. I'll generally tell them I'm leaving for reason X, teleport to stormwind and leave the party. I sometimes log after that to an alt, to avoid any whisper-drama. Easily the last 20 groups I've left prematurily were LFR groups in mop and 4.3. I don't join endgame pugs so I guess that helps.
+Last edited by ItsRedd; 2013-02-07 at 02:02 PM.
+not without saying anything first.
+no reason to log out without first leaving group or saying you're going, you're just wasting other peoples time if they think you're coming back.
+Redsparowe#2548
+People who log like that are dicks.
+Just leave the group if you don't want to be part of it. Make your excuse and leave. It's not like anyone's going to be able to force you to stay or anything. It's also more beneficial for the group if you just leave so you can be replaced as opposed to you dcing.
+I've had shit groups and I'll tell them they're shit before I leave the group and do something else. Logging off seems pointless unless you intended to log off anyway, at which point just leave then log. No doubt you joined the instance from a city anyway so it's faster like that.
+Joking aside, what is the point in telling people (if you used these exact words) they are shit? Just tell them that this isn't going anywhere and you feel you can spend your time better someplace else. /leave
+Never did it. It's pretty easy to figure out what you're getting into by looking up the leader on armory and wowprogress. If I don't like what I'm seeing I'll just leave the group before the raid even starts.
+My experience with the sort of pugs that aren't always stellar is this: A wipe or 2 weeds out the sensitive types, and in almost all cases, once they're replaced, things go smoothly.
+I have been in ones that simply imploded after 2 wipes, leaving maybe something like 2 dps and a healer
+But this is the exception rather than the rule.But this is the exception rather than the rule.
+Benevolence is a luxury for the strong - Wrathion
+Next time you guys log in, Blizzard should freeze your character, spawn your favourite mount and shoot it in the head. - Mormolyce
+Huffing and Puffing in Georgia
+I remain tuned to Georgia proper, and not South Ossetia itself, or even the town of Gori to the south that has been bombed by Russian jets.
+Specifically, Georgia claims that Russian naval carriers are in position off Georgia's Black Sea coast, and are readying to offload troops. If accurate -- I've seen no confirmation -- and these troops do occupy ground in Georgia itself, and not simply within the pro-Moscow separatist enclave of Abkhazia, this will be a different war. This would be Russia declaring who is in charge, a message that would be intended not just for Georgia, but for the West, which has been considering absorbing Georgia into NATO.
+It would be the same were the scores of Russian troop carriers reported to have poured into South Ossetia to cross into Georgia proper.
+A far more remote possibility would be Russian bombing of the trans-Georgian oil or natural gas pipelines. Georgia claims that Russia has already targeted -- but missed hitting -- the 1,000-mile Baku-Ceyhan oil pipeline, but I doubt the account. Such an attack would be regarded in the West as a direct assault on Western interests.
+As long as the conflict remains in and around South Ossetia, the fighting can be seen as a bloody uptick in the Caucasus version of huffing and puffing. But it is containable.
+Labels: georgia, medvedev, nato, ossetia, Putin, putin's labyrinth, Russia, saakashvili
+12 Comments:
+Right. On. I've already become annoyed by and frustrated at the huffing and puffing. Thank you for writing something reasonable about the conflict.
+Steve, it seems to me you can count on Russia pushing further, whatever your definition, if only to test the West. So the more pertinent question is what is the West prepared to do? Not clear so far that our leaders have even thought very much about it. What was Bush doing hugging Putin in Beijing, only to have him fly to North Ossetia the next day to take charge?
+Hi Josh and ECC. On Bush ... well ... what can one say? I'm speechless.
+As for a Western reply? What would you think about immediate absorption of Georgia into Nato?
+Steve,
+Russian troops crossing into proper Georgia would raise the possibility of a new, pro-Russian government in Tbilisi. That would be a huge challenge for the Europeans. They can kiss good bye to the idea of energy security) and the independence of the Caspian states on both sides of the sea. Central Asians and Azeris can kiss good bye to any hopes of benefiting from their main export. Is West's moment of truth nigh?
+P.S. My earlier puzzlement at Georgians' failure to seal the Rok i tunnel appears moot if the Russians indeed are contemplating invasion from the Black Sea or through Abkhazia.
+You're kidding, right? At Bucharest, we managed both to annoy our NATO allies and to push Georgians and Russians to misbehave, as if they did not have enough incentive already. Now we have to wait for Russians to overplay their hand, as they inevitably will.
+Welcome back N. I don't see a scenario in which Saakashvili steps down. This isn't Chechnya; there is no Ramzan Kadyrov in the wings; and if there were, he would not be supported at all popularly. The one thing the fractious Georgians can agree on is contempt for Russia.
+ECC: I'm with you there. The West created a vacuum, and the rest has followed. Better to have been decisive one way or the other. I think Putin sees red, and we know what that means.
+Russia's endgame is Kosovo Squared -- i.e., just as the West split off part of one of Russia's client states and made it into an independent nation, Russia intends to have Abkhazia and South Ossetia made into independent nations at the expense of one of the West's client states. And just as the West had no problem bombing Serbia's infrastructure into rubble despite Russian objections, Russia is going to similarly have no compunctions about Georgia's infrastructure into rubble despite the West's objections.
+It's payback time for Russia. But as for all the noise about Russia going further than that and invading Georgia proper with Russian troops... uhm, probably not. Nothing can be ruled out, but Putin is a chess player, not an American football player. The West made a move in Kosovo, having the Kosovars declare their independence then the West recognizing said independence. It's now Putin's move, and it looks like he's countering West's e2-e4 pawn move with a e7-e5 pawn move of his own. Next he waits for West's response before he decides what move he'll make next. We'll have to wait to see how the game develops from here. And too bad about all the dead bodies from these jerks playing chess with real people, eh?
+Thanks for the great (and refreshingly rational) coverage.
+Just sharing an idle thought here, but there are ~38,000 Ossetians in Georgia proper outside of S.O. Most of them are in southern Shida Kartli region between Gori and Tsalka; not contiguous to S.O. but in the geographic dead center of Georgia.
+It's not hard to imagine Georgian frustration and humiliation finding a target for reprisals in these folks, with or without state sanction. If so, Moscow could certainly conjure up worse humanitarian justifications for occupying some or all of Georgia proper.
+Oh, and right over the southern horizon from there is Akhalkalaki District, where Moscow had the old 62nd Army base until '06, AND where the local ethnic Armenian majority has agitated for either autonomy or ceding themselves to Armenia since Georgia's independence.
+@DJT:
+Тhis 2004 report from TransitionsOnline goes into some detail regarding the local sentiments in Akhalkalaki.
+Never Georgian?
+25 February 2004
+It may not be pushing hard for autonomy, but Javakheti’s reliance on Russia, its vulnerable economy, and a possible influx of ‘Turks’ suggest years of difficulties ahead.
+by Daan van der Schriek
+AKHALKALAKI, Georgia--“Akhalkalaki has never been Georgian,” an elderly local Armenian shouts angrily from within a Russian military base. “Ever since Russia conquered the region 300 years ago its flag has been flying here. And it will always be Russian,” he prophesies. “If Russia leaves there will be war.”
+His might be a radical view. But Russia’s 5,000-hectare base in Akhalkalaki, capital of the Georgian region of Javakheti, is certainly popular with the locals, almost all of whom are Armenians. They give economic reasons for why the base should remain--many locals are employed at or otherwise benefit from the base--but, like the old man, they also cite security concerns: arch-foe Turkey is nearby and greatly feared.
+The Turkish massacres of Armenians in 1915 and the Turkish invasion of Javakheti in 1918 might seem long ago, but they are etched deep in people’s memories. “I don’t think all that happened very long ago,” says Ararat Esoian, director of Akhalkalaki’s Center for the Support of Reforms and Democratic Development. “They killed my grandfather.”
+The locals may want the Russians, but the Georgian government in Tbilisi is anxious to close Russia’s bases in Akhalkalaki and Batumi as soon as possible. And it is supported by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and the United States, which has offered to help pay for Russia’s pullback. Moscow is not completely opposed to the notion--it had earlier pledged to pull out all its troops from Georgian soil by January 2004--but it is now asking for more time to close them down than Georgia is willing to grant (and more money--$500 million—than Washington is willing to cough up).
+Javakheti’s Armenians may look to Russia, but some local observers harbor no illusions about Russia’s commitment to protecting the region from real or perceived threats.
+“If it suits Russia, it will sell its interests in both Javakheti and Georgia,” Esoian says.
+FOR MONEY, LOOK TO RUSSIA
+If the base were to close immediately, which is what Tbilisi is demanding, the first threat would be to the region’s economy, which at the moment is poor and fragile, though no worse than in other parts of Georgia. Esoian says the base alone generates around 10 percent of Javakheti’s total income. Many locals are either employed at the base or provide services for it. Many local Armenians, though Georgian passport holders, serve as soldiers in the Russian army contingents stationed in Akhalkalaki.
+With the base gone, there would be nothing to fill the gap on the labor market: Tbilisi has not drawn up an economic revival plan for the region after the Russian troops are pulled out. Therefore, “withdrawal must be a gradual process, to prepare the region for a life without the base,” argues Marina Elbakidze of the Caucasian Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development.
+She believes five years would be a reasonable wind-down time. Tbilisi would like an immediate withdrawal but is prepared to offer three years. Moscow will not yet accept fewer than seven years (which suggests that, since it was due to withdraw in January 2004, it is seven years behind its own schedule). The deadlock remains.
+It would be difficult to integrate Javakheti into the rest of the country. The region is isolated even by Georgian standards, and Georgian is rarely heard here. The previous government of President Eduard Shevardnadze is partly to blame for that, says Elbakidze, but the local population also plays a role. “They don’t want ‘interference’ from Tbilisi,” she says. There is some physical evidence for that: the local government has shown more interest in maintaining the roads that lead into Armenia than those leading farther into Georgia.
+Periodically the ethnic-Armenian parties Virk and Javakh, which are active in Javakheti, do demand autonomy for the region. Tbilisi sees that as a portent for yet another separatist conflict to add to the list of bloody conflicts in the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and the bloodless conflict with the semi-independent region of Ajaria.
+But Tbilisi’s fears about Javakheti are probably unfounded. Virk and Javakh do not have any real influence in Javakheti. This rests with the clans of Melik Raisian, Akhalkalaki’s member of parliament in Tbilisi, Enzel Mkoian, the parliamentary deputy for Ninotsminda, and Artush Ambartsumian, the head of Akhalkalaki’s local administration. Together, they are thought to control most of the trade flowing through the region. And they do cooperate with the authorities in Tbilisi—before November 2003 with Shevardnadze and now with the new government appointed by President Mikheil Saakashvili.
+“They always support whoever is in power in Tbilisi,” Elbakidze says.
+But problems--separatist or otherwise--might still erupt if the base were to be closed immediately and if Georgia’s relations with Russia do not improve. Many Javakhetians have in the past headed to Russia to find work. Their relatives in Javakheti are very dependent on money sent by relatives in Russia. According to Esoian, some 70 percent of all income in Javakheti comes from remittances. Anything that might threaten the Javakhetians’ chances of working in Russia would inflame passions.
+A RUSSIAN OR NATO THREAT?
+The region is already beginning to get some sense of what life would be like without the base. Russia recently sacked 400 locally recruited soldiers serving five-year contracts, replacing them with troops from Russia, says a local boy whose father serves as an officer at the base.
+The Russian military spokesman made no comment on this. When asked exactly how many soldiers serve at the base, he was equally unforthcoming, simply claiming “I don’t know.” Others put the figure at 1,000 to 2,000. In the past, up to 70 percent of these would have been recruited locally. (Russia is under no obligation to pull these out in case of closure.)
+Not a large base, then, and, touring it, there is little hardware to be seen. It seems that withdrawing at short notice would be a relatively minor logistical problem. The real obstacles are geopolitical, and Russia’s reasons for maintaining a presence.
+“I don’t understand what interest Russia has here,” confesses Esoian, a skeptic about Russia’s willingness to defend Javakheti. The notion that Russia might be interested in the base as a springboard for military action against Georgia itself never comes up in conversations.
+Damien Helly, who heads the Caucasus office of the International Crisis Group, believes that, for Russia, staying in Akhalkalaki is a matter of principle. They have been there for decades and the base still guards the frontier with NATO. What happens to the base therefore lies beyond Georgia and depends instead on a deal between Russia and NATO.
+“If they can come to an agreement about NATO enlargement or a NATO presence in the Caucasus, the Russians will close the base,” Helly says. “But as long as they fear NATO they will stay.”
+However, the threat that the Russian base poses Georgia is exaggerated, Helly believes.
+“Russia doesn’t seem ready to use force,” Helly says. If the Russians want to influence developments in Georgia, “they might use other, more subtle means.” And certainly, with nearly all of Georgia’s energy infrastructure now in Russian hands, Russia already has significant leverage over Tbilisi.
+THE ‘TURKS’ ARE COMING
+Russia’s base may bring its economic benefits to Javakheti, but it also carries its economic price. It was because of the base that the hugely important Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline will not run through Javakheti, the head of the Georgian International Oil Corp., Giorgi Chanturia, said in March 2003. One potentially valuable means of diversifying the local economy has therefore been lost.
+Such problems could in future be compounded by a fresh economic challenge: an influx of Meskhetians, descendants of Georgian-speaking Muslims of mixed Georgian and Turkish descent. Deported in 1944 to Central Asia on the spurious grounds of “treason,” the Meskhetians are one of the last nations to return from their Stalinist exile. Some are already in Tbilisi; most, though, are in southern Russia, where they fled after 1989.
+Javakheti is ill-equipped to cope with them. However, when Georgia joined the Council of Europe in April 2001, it promised to pass legislation by April 2004 that would facilitate the return of the Meskhetians by April 2013. Not all of the more than 300,000 Meskhetians would return to Javakheti, but their impact on the region, with its population of roughly 100,000, could be colossal.
+Georgia has recently been given more time to deal with the Meskhetians’ return, a decision taken to alleviate the difficulties that the new Saakashvili administration faces.
+“The West is indulgent towards the new government,” Helly says. “And the Meskhetians are no priority.”
+But at some time in future, some Meskhetians might turn up in their ancestral Javakheti, where resources are scarce and the fear of “Turks”--which is how local Armenians view the Meskhetians--pervasive and readily kindled. Perhaps, then, there is some truth in the elderly Armenian’s prediction after all.
+Recent articles from Georgia can be found in our Georgia country file, at.
+Daan van der Schriek is a Tbilisi-based journalist who writes about the Caucasus and Central Asia.
+Steve,
+Thanks for these comments. I've been looking around the web trying to get information about the early reports that Ukraine challenged Russia in the Black Sea early on during these events, but don't know if that was all just part of the early confusing chatter. Though the role of and consequences for Ukraine are certainly interesting here. I wonder what your thoughts are on that.
+P.S. I haven't yet read Putin's Labyrinth, but I loved O&G.
+David
+Hi David, my understanding is that Ukraine did say it was not certain that it would allow the fleet back into port in the Crimea. But then nothing. Unclear what happened there. Best Steve
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+Hang in there new Grads and New Nurses it does get better..I PROMISE - page 3
+So I haven't been on this board for a while. I have been an R.N. for 1 1/2 years now, where I started as a brand spanking new grad in Interventional Cardiology/CCU Stepdown/Critical Care..woohoo... 
+-
+- 0god-is-love, when you start out as a new nurse it's like being on mars, kind of. My story is this...I am from the philly burbs. I went to the University of Scranton in 98-2002 and graduated with a B.S. in Criminal Justice and a minor in Sociology. When I graduated I couldn't find a job, I wanted to be a police officer or go back and get y masters in criminology. But the job market was horrible in 2002, I had taken numerous law enforcement exams, federal, state and local. But nothing....
+So I ended up working at my parents hair salon, being the salon manager. I hated the fact I was working for my parents but was grateful to have a job. I looked day and night for a job, any job. I found a job in T.V. production. It was for a traffic coordinator for Infomercials. I went for the interview and got the job on the spot. OK, I had a love hate relationship with this job. It was a family owned business, ok I know what that's like from my parents hair salon. It's a family atmosphere....
+I began working and realized I was making NO money but I was getting awesome exp. in broadcast and marketing, which I knew nothing about, other than the fact I used to watch infomercials all the time in college when we would be up late or all night...drinking and 4am infomercials...hahaha..anyway.
+The company that hired me was well known and respected, but the owner was a cheap shister. He drove a porshe, blew money on the most rid. stuff and payed his employees terrible. He was around about 20% of the time, and a total train wreck, he would make us start projects that were the most pointless things I have ever seen, like making me reprogram all of his cell phone numbers from his old phone into his new phone...YEA...theycan do that at the cell store..
+But the only good thing was the people who worked there. It was a family owned business. The owners wife was actually co-owner and like a 2nd mom to me. There were 2 daughters, around my age at the time, which was 22, and their brother, who actually ran our west coast company untill they made the decision to shut it down. The brother, after he came back from Cali., became my boss, and he used to say I was like their adopted sister. He was also the big brother I never had. I was the one who told him to marry his, now wife, who is a cardiac nurse, after their 2nd date.
+Anyway I worked there for 2 years. I learned alot, I mean alot, how to deal with pushy clients and media buyers. I learned the business of TV and broadcast and became traffic manager, which I should have been paid 3 times what I was being paid according to some of our clients.
+After being WAY WAY underpaid for about 2 years, I found a job through one of our clients. In the meantime my boyfriend, who is now my fiance, became a police officer for the NYPD.
+My turning point to becomming a nurse was this, if anything happed to my fiance while he was on the job I would want to be the one to take care of him, and then there was this...my fiance and I were in Atlantic City for a weekend. We went to one of the clubs, and after drinking and dancinbg all night we sat down on a couch and there was this girl passed out next to me, but had noticed her earlier in the night with some friends and the friends left her b/c she was taking to some guys and she was drinking water. Now some shady dudes were trying to get her to leave with them. I just turned my head, asked her name, she told me, although she was semi-conscious. I asked the shady guys what her name was, they had no clue. I acted like she was my friend, and they eventually left. But in the mean time, she was getting worse by the minuite. It wasn't like a drunk semi-conscious but like a drugged semi-conscious..I know know but that instinct kicked in..I began counting her respirations, and this was in dark club. I just put my hand on her back and began counting her respirations, it was b/t 6-8 a min. I was asking her simple questions like do you know where you are? ect...I took her pulse, it was 40...now I wsn't even thinking about nursing school yet, but knew enough to see some one in trouble. I made my fiance grab a security guard and he came over and I told himand he ignoed us. I finally grabbed the head of security and told him what was going on and also told him her pulse and respirations. I said this was the water bottle she was drinking out of. He took it gave it to the ACPD that was standing out side the club. I said how the first security guard ignored us, and said she's probably just drunk. The head of security and the ACPD called the paramedics. She was unresponsive at this point. I had a pen light my aunt, who is an er nurse manager, gave me to have in my purse for when it is dark outside. The security guards and cops only had those big MAG flash lights, no good for pupil response unless you want to blind the person and yourself. While te medics were in their way I checked for pupil reaction, with my pen light, they were sluggish. The medics arrived and took her.
+We went back to the club the nxt night just to talk to someone to know what happened. And the cops who were there the night before were outside. I asked them what happened, they said she was roofied and ghb was put in her water. She didn't have an ounce of ETOH in her blood. They asked if I was a nurse or a paramedic. I said no I wasn't. They said if it wasn't for me they don;t know what would have happened to her.
+OK here's the kicker...after that night, I knew I had a calling and I began the rapid research on nursing schools in my area. I picked my local community college, which is one of the best nursing programs on the east coast. I barely made the deadlines. I had to take the NET test, most people have months to study for it, I had 2 days to study for it. The nursing recruiter said can you do this in 2 days? I said yes..2 days later I took the test.
+Now in the mean time I was preparingfor a job interview for one of the broadcast clients I worked with.
+My life was split, and it was I swear to god, or who or what ever, that fate or destiny stepped in...
+I got the letter 2 days after I took the NET test that I passed with a scorein the high 80's. I was given the option to choose day program or night and weekend program. I chose night and weekend so I could still keep my job.
+About 1 week later I had a job interview with a huge media company. It was a hughe position. It was a 3 hour interview. After the interview I got home and saw this letter from the community college. I opened it and it said I was waitlisted to the night and weekend program, it even ranked where I was waitlisted, I was #18. I was a total lunatic. Also right after I opened the letter I had a call back from the interview I just left asking me to com bcak in the next night for a 2nd interview.
+NOW MY FATE...the next day I was on my way to the second interview and in the car I got this chill down my spine and a little voice in my head said call the college and ask if there are any seats open for the day nursing program. I made the phone call. The nursing recruiter said, "Ang I was just going to call you, you read my mind, there is one seat opn in the day nursing program, do you want it?" I just blurted out YES YES YES...now this is as I was oulling into the parking lot of the compant I had the follow up interview for.
+I went in to the interview, the woman who interviewd me just grabbed me as I walked in and said, "ang you are perfect for this position, I have interviewed 100's of job applicants but you are it, here's what you will be makin a year, it is about $60000 or more. We want you to start immediatly, you will have your own team and be DRTV broadcast manager."
+I jut stood there and had to make the most important decision of my life. Do I go back to school, get a job that pays crap just to get me through school and that's if i make it through school and end up doing something I was meant to do, or do I take this job, and if i take this job I won't see my boyfriend, now fiance, ever b/c we live in different states, but have my first REAL job.....
+I said to her, "I am so sorry to tell you this but on my way here I was just accepted to nursing school. I was offered the last seat in the program. This is probably the hardest decision Ihave ever had to make, and I hope I don't regret making this decision, but I decided to go back to school and accept the nursing school seat. I am so sorry."
+She just stood there and said, "but you were the ONE, I called all the regional offices and told them about you. But you know what, my mom was a nurse, so I know you must be excited. So listen if nursing school dosen't work out, you just call me and tell me. Here is my card, and keep in touch. remember you have have a job waiting here for you no matter what." She gave me a hug, and said congrats and that she just lost the bes potential DRTV broadcast manager.
+I still keep in touch with her. She always tells me that if I want to leave nursing I still have a job waiting.
+I went back to school, and I worked my tail off. got a job in the library at school, making like next to nothing but it was a job, and I worked through school.
+When I passed my final exam I cried. cried at pinning in may of 2007. When Ipassed my boards in july of 2007, and became an R.N I cried. And when I had my hosp. job interview,after I cried. I impressed the unit director so muc with my answers, eventhough I thought i blew the interview b/c I had an asthma attack in the middle of it, I recievd a phone call an hour after the interviw was over to tell me I got the job, Interventional Cardiac R.N. and started a month later.
+In that month I moved from Philly to NYC to live with my fiance. We found a great townhouse to live in. I started my new job in NJ, I didn't know a soul.
+I met a girl in orientation that had moved fom indinana to statan island, and we both worked in NJ at the hosp. bvut on different units. Well, she is one of my best friends. She left the hosp. last year though and moved VA. b/c she hated our hosp, as did I at the time.
+But I can say, like I have said a million times before on this site. It was awful at first. I was a TOTAL outsider when I started, I was from Philly, I was a new RN starting on an Interventional Cardiac/CCU step down/ pre and post heart transplant floor. I was abused with awful, pt. assignments, didn't know how to stand up for my self as a nurse yet. MD were intimidating, my co-workers were down right rude and ignored me. Also I didn't have a great orientation at all. I learned ALOT, and I MEAN ALOT on my own. I was pulled to the ER my 2nd week off of orientation, which has never happened ever, to any new grad off orientation at the hosp, you are not susposed to be pulled untill you are 6 weeks off orientation.. I even got an award for that one, literally. I was verbally threatened by a Doctor like my 2 or 3rd night off orientation, who wanted to "have my license", b/c I called him 20 min. after he evaluated the pt. to tell him the pt. was having chest pain. It was like 2140 or 2220 at night, and was right after he did the H&P, like 30 min. after the MD had left the pt. began to have crushing chest pain. YEA that MD went to the HEAD of the HOSP and tried to have my license taken, the head of the hosp. said, "Hey doc, it's your pt. and your responsibility. She is the nurse and she did her job, and she did it well, you are the primary physician."
+I always say karma is a bit@#. I ended up having that MD, who "wanted my license" as a patient a few months ago. He was admitted to my floor and of all the blastin nurses, they picked me to take cae of him b/c they all said, "it's payback time, ang, it's been a year since he did that to you" I just said ,"he's just another pt. to me, and he's sick so that's why I am here I am his nurse, yea karma def. bit him in the butt and took a huge chuck out, but I am his nurse an he needs me." When I walked into his room for the first time, and said "hi dr.XYZ, I am going to be your nurse tonight" He just looked up and had this blank expression. HAHAHA..I took care of him a few nights in a row.
+But in the end he ended up sharing some wired fruit from his country with me and now every time he sees me he always says what a great nurse I am...
+I mean you grow into your own, you find a voice and develop your style of nursing. I started out timid, yea I was NEW, what new nurse isn't intimidated by the 3 ring circus at the hosp.
+I developed my style of nursing and my nursing persona. I am the go getter, the one every one comes to for advice or pt. evaluation, but when I frist started I was always told I was over reacting untill they began to notice that my over reacting was for a reason, it's called being a nurse.
+I have delt with my fair share of rude and piehole MD's, that try and intimidate me. At first I was, but now I just say, "hey I am the nurse I report s/s and objective observation, you are the MD, you diagnose." I had one MD bark in my face abou how I didn't see the pt. was in pulmonary edema. I said, "yes I did KNOW, b/c the pt. sounded like he was drowning. I calld the RESIDENT to eval the pt. And I suggested differnt meds and tx to YOUR resident, but was ignored. and I am sorry, a CXR was done as per my idea, but ordered by the redident only after I suggested it. The resident read the CXR and said the pt. ws fine. I am a NURSE, i know Pul. edema looks like a butterfly on a CXR, I said that, but your resident didn't agree. I do my job and I do it well. It's not my fault that the night MD's and DO's don't know what they are doing, but it's all we have to work with at night for objective eval."
+I mean I have had MD's rant and yell on the phone, I said to one who went on a 5 min tiraide, "OK are you done yet? did you get it all out? b/c I need this order now"...everyone just looked at me like i can't believe you just said that to him...I say, "he/she is not god, they are human, people like you and me, they just like to yell at the nurse. They have that MD or DO after their name for a reason they chose to be a doctor, and if they don't like 3am phone calls for orders then that's tehir problem, and as nurses we are only doing our job... TAKING CARE OF THE PT., so when that pt. wants tylenol or mayloxx at 3am and house staff dosen't cover their servce, then you better believe I am going to call and wake their butt up. I am here for the pt., hence the reason I am a nurse and as an pt. advocate I want what's best for the pt."
+Nursing is stressful, but very rewarding. It seems like you ma have more bad days then good days, but there is always one pt. who thnks you for everything you have done. An even on the bad days or nights, always do you job to the best of your ability. It will only make you stronger.
+Ok enough typing...but if could make it through my first year and survive, so can you. I am comming up on 2 years. I am a good nurse, and as long as you remeber why you became a nurse, you can make it. Smiles, hugs, handshakes or een jut a look from a pt. can make all the difference.
+- 1Apr 24, '09 by god-is-lovewow
+you have truely found your calling what an adventure! patients desearve nurses like you that place them first. on these forums the discussions about the bullying and torment outweigh the patients and their issues. there are people whos lives are at stake and depend on nurses for care and understanding. you definitely followed your heart and this field will benefit greatly from your determination. i wish you well in your future advancements. :heartbeat
+- 1I am also a new grad, I work on an ICU-stepdown unit. I am coming up on my 10 month mark as an RN. It was and still is hard, but I am getting use to it. It has gotten much better though. Thanks for your post, you have inspired me.
+Thanks
+- 1May 6, '09 by Vernie08, ADN, RNI really really appreciate this post. I have been a nurse for exactly 1 year and 1 day and still have soooo many questions. I love being a nurse. When it came close to a year I started to get really depressed because I thought I should be an expert now. Seeing all of the other nurses knowing their job so well used to intimidate me really bad until now. Reading this has made me realize that I will not know every single thing because I am still new and also that i may always have questions. Your story has also made me realize that in due time, I will be a great nurse. Thank you so much for sharing your story and keep up the GREAT WORK.:spin:
+- 1thanks so much angie for that inspiring testimony. I'll be working on call in a hospital this weekend and this will be my first duty. I haven't been oriented by the agency where I'm affiliated with and im so clueless on what to expect.
+-
+- 1Jul 17, '09 by mcknis, ADN, BSN, RN, EMT-BAs a somewhat new RN (1 yr out of licensure now) I do feel that I have improved upon my senses tremendously since graduation. To those of you out there who feel that they are not doing the best they can or constantly feel beat down by staff, patients, families, etc...keep your head held high and hang in there, IT WILL GET BETTER!!!
+- 1wow... All I can say is you are a true inspiration to me and I'm really glad that you shared your story it is amazing how your adversities helped you become an amazing nurse... I hope I have the guts to pull off what you did someday.
+- 1Jul 23, '09 by shinyblackcarWell, I didn't exactly "hang in there." I was super stressed and hating my job and left after two and a half months. Now I'm hoping to find something different that will be right for me. Best of luck to all who are struggling!
+City of ShakopeeHome Menu
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+Crime Victim Services
+As part of its community policing, education and outreach approach, the Shakopee Police Department actively seeks continued engagement and interaction with people and businesses who have been victimized by crime. Through early intervention and victim services, the department provides information and resources which helps establish trust with victims to restore hope for healing and recovering from the impacts of crime.
+The crime victim and community services coordinator is available to crime victims to answer questions about their case, educate them about their rights, outline the criminal justice system and provide resources so they can understand more, suffer less and recovery more completely. On behalf of the police department, the coordinator also partners with other organizations, groups and individuals to be an active contributor to the Shakopee community.
+Common Crime Victim Questions
+Since the 1960s, crime victims have gained rights to be informed, heard, educated, treated and included in the criminal justice process. Minnesota has passed laws with the commitment to inform crime victims of their rights in the following areas:
+Law enforcement
+Law enforcement provides immediate assistance to crime victims, including obtaining necessary and immediate medical treatment and preparing a written police report which can be provided at no cost to the victim, the victim’s attorney or a domestic abuse organization providing services to victims. Law enforcement is generally a victim’s first point of contact and will inform victims of their rights, depending on the circumstance, such as:
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+If immediate assistance is needed or in case of an emergency, call 911. If you have questions, need help or would like to talk to someone regarding your rights, please call Barb Hedstrom, victim and community services coordinator, at 952-233-9467.
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+Victims who feel their crime victim rights have been violated or they have been mistreated by a member or entity of the criminal justice system can contact the Crime Victim Justice Unit.
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+- The release or escape of an arrested or detained person.
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+Other facilities
+Depending upon the type of crimes, courts, hospitals, the Department of Motor Vehicles, employers, etc. are required to give information and services to qualified crime victims.
+ADDITIONAL FACILITIES
+Crime victims can seek compensation for their economic losses, including:
+- Reparations for non-property losses caused by violent crimes. In some instances, family members of a crime victim or witnesses to a crime may be eligible for some types of reparations.
+- Restitution is financial compensation to a victim which is court ordered to be paid by a defendant who is found guilty or pleads guilty.
+- Emergency funds, which may be available within our community.
+Cooperation with police and prosecutors is usually required to qualify for the above assistance.
+All crime victims can start their own private civil court lawsuit to collect for damages and losses, including pain and suffering, against criminal defendants.
+Other financial resources may be available from community connections. Contact the Shakopee Police Department's victim and community services coordinator at 952-496-9467 to inquire about available assistance for monetary losses resulting from a crime.
+ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
+- Minnesota Crime Victims Reparations Board at 651-201-7300
+- Minnesota Department of Public Safety’s Office of Justice Programs information: Restitution [PDF]
+- Minnesota Department of Public Safety’s Office of Justice Programs information: Court-ordered restitution [PDF]
+Crime victims have the right to request police keep information about themselves confidential; these requests will be reviewed on an individual basis. To make such a request to the Shakopee Police Department, please contact the department at 952-233-9400 for information.
+A victim can ask the prosecuting attorney not to disclose personal information, such as address, phone number, etc., to the defendant (although the defendant’s attorney may be provided this information with instructions not to tell their client.)
+Shakopee Police Department maintains records for approximately seven years. Crime victims can request a copy of their report. If a case is still under investigation, a complete police report may not be available.
+ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
+- Minnesota Department of Public Safety: How to Request a Copy of Your Police Report [PDF]
+- Online court records: Minnesota Court Information System
+- Online court forms and self-help center: Minnesota Judicial Branch
+- Scott County Law Library, Scott County Justice Center, 200 Fourth Ave. W., Shakopee, or 952-496-8713
+- Scott County Court Administration, Scott County Justice Center, 200 Fourth Ave. W., Shakopee, or 952-496-8200
+In Minnesota, there are four primary types of restraining orders or protective orders. Violating any of these orders can result in a criminal charge against the violator.
+DOMESTIC ABUSE NO CONTACT ORDER (DANCO): An order issued by a judge at the request of the criminal prosecutor in a criminal court case for domestic abuse (assault or ###), stalking or violation of a civil order for protection. These orders can be issued without any involvement or input from the victim. In Scott County, a probation agent may contact a victim to see if they want to have the DANCO order. This order usually remains in effect during the criminal court action and sometimes is extended while a defendant is on probation. There is no fee for a DANCO and usually states the defendant (a) cannot contact the victim and (b) cannot go to the victim’s residence. A victim can request to appear at a hearing before a judge to cancel this order, which usually will be at the defendant’s next scheduled criminal court hearing.
+ORDER FOR PROTECTION (OFP): An order issued by a judge in civil court after a victim (petitioner) completes a request on a petition form. This order remains in effect until the date listed by the judge on the order, usually one to two years. To qualify for an OFP, there must be a family or household relationship and physical or sexual violence between the petitioner and the person who the order is issued against (respondent). There is a filing fee of $325, but it can be waived in some circumstance. A person can ask the judge to issue a variety of orders to the respondent, including but not limited to:
+- Cannot contact the petitioner
+- Cannot go to the petitioner’s residence and cannot be within a certain distance of petitioner’s home
+- Cannot go to the petitioner’s work
+- Cannot go to the petitioners (and children’s) school
+HARASSMENT RESTRAINING ORDER (HRO): An order issued by a judge in civil court after a petitioner completes a request. There does NOT have to be any relationship between the petitioner and the respondent. An HRO may be issued when there is:
+- A single incident of physical or sexual assault
+- A single incident of nonconsensual sending of private sexual images
+- A single incident of using another’s personal information without consent to encourage a third party to engage in a sexual act with the person
+- Repeated unwanted acts, words or gestures that have or are intended to have a substantial adverse effect on a person’s safety, security or privacy
+GEOGRAPHICAL RESTRICTION ORDER (GRO): An order issued by a judge at the request of the criminal prosecutor in any type of criminal court case to order a defendant to be excluded from a geographical location or address. A hearing must be held before this order is issued and often is held immediately after a bail hearing. The court will consider the defendant’s criminal history, likelihood of future criminal activity within the restricted area, if the defendant’s presence in the proposed restricted area creates a risk to property or public safety and other factors deemed relevant by the court. This order usually remains in effect during the criminal court action and sometimes is extended while a defendant is on probation. A GRO may be issued if the court finds the defendant’s presence in a restricted area creates a risk to public safety or property.
+Assistance in applying for an OFP or HRO may be available thru Southern Valley Alliance for Battered Women at 952-873-4214 or from a Southern Minnesota Regional Legal Services staff attorney on Mondays at the Scott County Justice Center in Shakopee or by calling 651-222-4731 or 1-888-575-2954.
+See the Minnesota courts website for more information on how to get a court OFP or HRO.
+Crime affects people in different ways. Many people experience some level of concern for their safety, and they may experience anxiety or trauma after being a crime victim or witnessing a crime. Strengthening your sense of wellbeing and safety is an important part of responding to this event in your and your family’s life. Seeking information and support can be a good way to respond a crisis.
+The following reactions are normal after a trauma or crisis:
+- shock, disbelief and denial
+- unable to make decisions or to concentrate
+- unable to eat or sleep
+- helplessness and feeling lost
+- crying for “no reason”
+- fear and panic
+- anger, vengeful
+- sadness, self-pity and guilt
+- depression and losing interesting activities previously enjoyed
+- withdrawal or isolation
+- unwanted memories or flashbacks
+ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
+- Trauma of Victimization
+- Coping with Victimization
+- Help to Heal and Recover
+- Survivor Guidelines
+- Survivor Resources
+Contact the Shakopee Police Department's victim and community services coordinator at 952-496-9467 for more assistance and referrals.
+Crime Victim Resources
+Victims of domestic violence, sexual assault or harassment have extra rights afforded them, including:
+- To be informed of prosecutor’s decision to decline prosecution or dismiss the case along with information about seeking a protective or harassment order at no fee
+- To be protected against employer retaliation for victims to take reasonable time off to attend order for protection or harassment restraining order proceedings
+- To have the ability to terminate a lease without penalty
+- To make a confidential request for HIV testing of a convicted offender
+- To not have to pay the cost of a sexual assault examination
+- To not be required to undergo a polygraph examination in order for an investigation or prosecution to proceed
+Southern Valley Alliance for Battered Women is a local program that provides a 24-hour helpline and other resources including support groups, assistance in filing for restraining orders, information, resources and more for women in Scott and Carver County.
+The Sexual Violence Center provides a 24-hour helpline at 612-871-5111 and free confidential services to survivors, their friends and families along with education and training.
+Abuse of drugs (both prescribed and illegal drugs) and alcohol continues not only to create victims of family members, friends, co-workers and acquaintances of an abuser, but also the abuser themselves. These crimes often create other crimes like thefts, DWI, etc. Learn more at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, which includes treatment program locator, several helplines including a Drug-Free Workplace and an A-Z listing of resources and information.
+The Shakopee Police Department's Recovery Assistance Program offers scholarships and mentorships to Shakopee residents who are successfully completing their alcohol or drug addiction treatment program at four contracted facilities. You can also contact Shakopee Police Department’s victim and community services coordinator at 952-233-9467.
+- Scott County Adult Protective Services: 952-445-7751
+- Minnesota Department of Human Services Adult Protective Services
+- Minnesota Adult Abuse Reporting Center: 844-880-1574
+- Veterans Linkage Line
+- Veterans Crisis Line: 1-800-273-8255, Press 1
+- Veterans Employment Toolkit
+- Ombudsman for Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities
+Having someone you know murdered creates many questions and can lead to lasting trauma. Seeking help and information can help many people cope with the aftermath of the murder of person in their life. Children often need special help to understand and cope with the death.
+ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
+Fraud, identity theft, financial card transaction crimes and scams are among the fastest growing areas of crime. Crime victims are faced with the unique challenge of how to respond to these types of crimes, many of which can have impacts for years to come. Learn more about prevention and response to these types of crimes by reviewing the links below:
+- Identify theft victims' rights [PDF]
+- Office of Justice programs
+- Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has a wealth of information and a voluntary online report to aid in disputes with credit reporting agencies or debt collection agencies. The FTC collects complaints from identity theft victims and shares their information with law enforcement nationwide. This information also may be shared with other government agencies, consumer reporting agencies and companies where the fraud was perpetrated to help resolve identity theft-related problems. Call 877-438-4338.
+- Identity Theft Resource Center: A non-profit organization that provides information and assistance to victims of identity theft, and they can be contacted at 888-400-5530.
+- Privacy Rights Clearing House
+- Minnesota Attorney General’s Office
+- AARP Fraud Fighter Center: 877-908-3360
+- Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3): Report internet crimes including scams and fraud
+- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau: Provides financial education on preventing frauds, scams and exploitation
+- IRS to report someone fraudulently filing your tax refund by filing IRS Form 14039, Identity Theft Affidavit, which can also be used to report a data breach involving your tax-related identity. REMEMBER, the IRS will not contact you by email or threaten you with arrest, which are common tactics of SCAMMERS to steal money from you!
+Victims and their families are often greatly affected by the emotional and physical damage caused by impaired, distracted or reckless driving. Victims are encouraged to seek help and support for crime victims’ rights, emotional impact and financial assistance.
+ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
+- Impaired Driving Help Brochure
+- Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD): 24-Hour Victim Help Line 877-MADD-HELP
+- Minnesotans for Safe Driving
+These offenses are the most common crimes in Shakopee, and many times are the most preventable. Theft victims often suffer financial losses unless they have some type of insurance coverage. They can always ask for restitution if a suspect is identified, charged and convicted. If you have questions or need further assistance, contact Shakopee Police Department’s victim and community services coordinator at 952-233-9467 or visit the Office for Victims of Crime's Robbery Help Brochure [PDF].
+Barb Hedstrom
+Victim & Community Services Coordinator
+952-233-9467
+Resources
+Browse by:
+INVENTOR
+PATENT HOLDER
+PATENT NUMBER
+DATE
+Decorative multilayer object
+3940523
+Decorative multilayer object
+Patent Drawings:
+«
+‹
+1
+›
+»
+(1 images)
+Inventor:
+Lecoeur, et al.
+Date Issued:
+February 24, 1976
+Application:
+05/475,245
+Filed:
+May 31, 1974
+Inventors:
+Fontenille; Henri
+(Paris, FR)
+Lecoeur; Georges
+(Thiers, FR)
+Assignee:
+Bercher S.A. Publicite Generale
+(Geneva, CH)
+Primary Examiner:
+Lesmes; George F.
+Assistant Examiner:
+Lipsey; Charles E.
+Attorney Or Agent:
+Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack
+U.S. Class:
+156/100
+;
+156/278
+;
+156/63
+;
+156/90
+;
+428/142
+;
+428/147
+;
+428/172
+;
+428/203
+;
+428/327
+;
+428/38
+;
+428/46
+;
+428/48
+;
+428/483
+;
+428/520
+;
+428/79
+Field Of Search:
+117/45
+;
+156/63
+;
+156/100
+;
+156/278
+;
+156/90
+;
+161/1
+;
+161/3
+;
+161/5
+;
+161/6
+;
+161/36
+;
+161/37
+;
+161/38
+;
+161/39
+;
+161/40
+;
+161/145
+;
+161/146
+;
+161/164
+;
+161/237
+;
+161/254
+;
+260/885
+;
+428/38
+;
+428/46
+;
+428/48
+;
+428/79
+;
+428/142
+;
+428/147
+;
+428/172
+;
+428/203
+;
+428/327
+;
+428/483
+;
+428/520
+International Class:
+U.S Patent Documents:
+340485
+;
+1952310
+;
+2877205
+;
+2994150
+;
+3382134
+;
+3414642
+;
+3509002
+;
+3787280
+Foreign Patent Documents:
+504,905
+Other References:
+Abstract:
+A decorative object comprising an acrylic glass support plate and differently colored polymethyl methacrylate layers and zones thereupon, on one or both major surfaces of the plate, differently colored zones and vertically superposed layers of polymethyl methacrylate being separated from each other and from the support plate by barrier elements and layers respectively which are optically and mechanically compatible with but completely insoluble in and unpenetrable by polymethyl methacrylate.
+Claim:
+What we claim is:
+1. A decorative object comprising
+a. a transparent support plate of polymethyl methacrylate, bearing at least on one surface,
+b. at least decorative layer and the second layer on the upper surface of said decorative layer, and
+d. horizontal-barrier elements consisting of strips cut from thermoplastic polyester sheets, said elements being fixed to said support plate by said first vertical-barrier layer and separating said horizontally adjacent differently colored zonesof said decorative layer.
+2. The decorative object of claim 1, further comprising gravel-like bodies of crushed transparent polymethyl methacrylate fixed to and in part into said second vertical-barrier layer.
+3. The decorative object of claim 2, further comprising a thin protective coating of a transparent cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate based composition applied to the upper surfaces of said gravel-like bodies.
+4. The decorative object of claim 1, further comprising gravel-like bodies of crushed transparent polymethyl methacrylate fixed to and in part into said second vertical-barrier layer, said gravel-like bodies being colored and the color of saidbodies being substantially the same as the color of the respective zone of the decorative layer beneath these bodies.
+5. The decorative object of claim 1, further comprising gravel-like bodies of crushed transparent polymethyl methacrylate fixed to and in part into said second vertical-barrier layer, the zones above said horizontal-barrier elements being freefrom said gravel-like bodies.
+6. The decorative object of claim 1, wherein said strips are of an opaque polyester.
+7. The decorative object of claim 1, wherein said transparent colorless vertical-barrier layers comprise polymethyl methacrylate cross-linked by a minor proportion of a polyfunctional methacrylic acid ester.
+8. The decorative object of claim 7, wherein said polyfunctional methacrylic acid ester is selected from ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, a propylene glycol dimethacrylate, glycerol dimethacrylate or glycerol trimethacrylate.
+9. The decorative object of claim 1, further comprising another transparent colorless vertical-barrier layer on the rear surface of said support plate.
+10. The decorative object of claim 9, further comprising gravel-like bodies of crushed transparent polymethyl methacrylate fixed to and in part into said barrier layer on the rear surface of said support plate.
+11. A decorative object comprising
+a. a transparent support plate of polymethyl methacrylate, bearing at least on one surface
+b. a first decorative layer and the second layer on the upper surface of said first decorative layer,
+d. horizontal-barrier elements consisting of strips cut from thermoplastic polyester sheets, said elements being fixed to said support plate by said first vertical-barrier and separating said horizontally different colored zones of saiddecorative layer,
+e. a second decorative layer having horizontally adjacent zones of different colors coated on said second transparent colorless vertical-barrier layer which color zones are separated from each other by horizontal barrier elements consisting ofstrips cut from thermoplastic sheets fixed to said second transparent colorless vertical-barrier layer,
+f. a third transparent colorless vertical-barrier layer coated on the upper surface of said second decorative layer and horizontal-barrier elements, said layer being a cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate based composition insoluble in monomericand polymeric methyl methacrylate.
+12. A method for manufacturing a decorative object, comprising the steps of
+a. providing a biplanar transparent support plate of polymethyl methacrylate,
+b. pouring thereon a solvent free liquid composition comprising monomeric methyl methacrylate with polymethyl methacrylate dissolved therein, a polyfunctional ester of methacyrlic acid, and a catlayst,
+c. curing said liquid composition at a temperature in the range of 15.degree. to 40.degree.C during 5 to 24 hours,
+d. placing on the surface of the cured liquid composition strips cut from a thin thermoplastic polyester sheet,
+e. fixing said strips by brushing with said liquid composition, and curing it,
+f. filling the horizontal spatial zones between said strips with a decorative composition comprising a solvent-free monomeric methyl methacrylate with polymethyl methacrylate dissolved therein, a catalyst and, if desired, a dyestuff or pigment,
+g. hardening said decorative composition at a termperature in the range of 15.degree. to 40.degree.C during 5 to 24 hours,
+h. pouring another liquid composition as in step (b) onto said hardened decorative composition, and
+i. curing this composition.
+13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of applying onto said liquid composition of step (h) a layer of gravel-like irregularly shaped bodies of transparent, crushed polymethyl methacrylate, pressing same slightly into saidliquid composition, and curing said liquid composition.
+14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of brushing or spraying onto said gravel-like bodies a thin layer of said liquid composition, and curing this composition.
+15. The method of claim 12, further comprising repeating steps (d) to (i) at least once.
+Description:
+SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
+The invention relates to decorative objects for artistic use or for advertising purposes which are multilayer structures having an acrylic glass plate support.
+Decorative colored glass panels, employing synthetic materials such as acrylic glass to replace conventional glass, have been known for many years. For such panels, methyl methacrylate based products are generally used. In the prior art, thesought-for decorative effects were produced by applying over one or both faces of a support panel of ordinary or acrylic glass, superimposed layers containing coloring pigments, diluted in a composition of the same chemical nature, so as to ensureincorportation or impregnation thereof in the object. The coloring effects were thus obtained by the distribution and/or the superimposition of colored or non-colored layers. In practice, these successive layers were applied in the form of apolymerisable solution using scraper blades or brushes. With a view to solidification and final hardening, known polymerisation catalysts were added. Up to the present time, methyl methacrylate based compositions in the form of acrylic-based coloredpastes were used to provide the successive layers with corresponding coloring effects. It has however been observed that the distinctness of the shapes thus obtained was not always fully satisfactory. In particular, a more or less pronounced dispersionor "flashing" of certain colors is frequently encountered in the mass of the object, which caused mixing of the colors. This phenomenon is extremely disadvantageous in certain cases, for example when advertising or artistic layouts or patterns had to bereproduced with precision, for example for the accurate reproduction of printed script.
+Furthermore, since advertising panels for outdoor and indoor use are most often constantly illuminated by lamps positioned behind the panels, in order to give them the desired attractive luminosity, the panels will heat to temperatures of theorder of 40.degree. to 50.degree.C and sometimes more. In this case which is generally the normal one for luminescent advertising panels, it has been found that superposed and adjacent layers or zones of different colors migrate after a relativelyshort time one into the other thus producing most undesirable mixing effects which deteriorate rapidly the whole panel.
+It has already been known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,509,002, published Apr. 28, 1970, to improve the color stability of laminar constructions and to prevent migration between a lamina of polymethyl methacrylate and a reinforcing lamina which mayalso consist of polymethyl methacrylic, during the manufacturing process, by an interposed barrier layer comprising cellulose nitrate, nylon, ammoniated methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymers, plasticized polyvinyl butyral polymers,polyvinyl chloride, acrylic lacquer or an acrylic sheet.
+However, this barrier layer is only effective during the manufacturing of the laminar construction and fails completely when such constructions are in use at more or less elevated temperature and during illumination. Furthemore, such barriersare often not perfectly transparent or become cloudy and brittle.
+For example, it is well known that plasticisers are liable to temperature induced migration, and that cellulose nitrate discolors rapidly.
+It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a laminar construction for decorative, artistic and advertising purposes free from these drawbacks.
+A further object is to provide such a laminar construction giving a splendid, clear and luminous color appearance when seen in incident and in particular in traversing illumination.
+Still a further object of the invention is a simple, rapid and economic method for the manufacture of a laminar construction having the characteristics mentioned above, wherein all compositions employed are hardenable under normal conditions andin reasonable times, without need for heating, pressing, molding, etc.
+These above objects are accomplished according to the present invention by the improvement consisting in employing, in combination, horizontal heterogeneous barriers between adjacent differently colored polymethyl methacrylate zones, and verticalhomogeneous barriers between superimposed polymethyl methacrylate laminae.
+The horizontal heterogeneous barriers comprise strips or similar elements made of polyesters. These barrier elements may be applied in the form of cut-out pieces from polyester sheets like Mylar or Scotchcal. Mylar is a trademark for a highdurable film of polyethylene terephthalate resin. The film may be used in transparent, uncolored form, or it may be colored or even opaque, as desired for special effects to be obtained. On the other hand, the horizontal barrier elements may beproduced in situ by applying to the polymethyl methacrylate base plate a pattern of a liquid composition comprising an unsaturated polyester, a cross-linking agent and a catalyst, optionally also an accelerator, and the pattern is cured in situ.
+Such curable or crosslinking polyester compositions are well known in the art. Polyesters obtained by the reaction of maleic acid or anhydride, propylene glycol or ethylene glycol, and phthalic anhydride are highly satisfactory as theunsaturated polyester component. This component is currently used together with styrene as a cross-linking agent, and with benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst and cobalt naphthenate as an accelerator.
+It has been further found that the adherence of this curable polyester composition to the transparent polymethyl methacrylate base plate -- which may be colored or not -- may considerably be improved if monomeric or prepolymerized methylmethacrylate is added to the liquid, uncured polyester composition. Generally, an addition of from 0.5 to 30% by weight of monomeric methyl methacrylate, based on the total weight of the composition, preferably 1.5 to 10%, is highly satisfactory. Ithas been found that, during cross-linking and copolymerization, the composition is firmly bound to the base plate.
+If preformed polyester elements cut from sheet material are used, they must firmly be compounded with the base plate. Although conventional adhesives may be used, it has been found that such preformed polyester elements, e.g. Mylar strips, areperfectly well fixed to the substrate and give perfect adherence to further laminae if a special curable adhesive is used, developed for this purpose, consisting of a solution of polymethyl methacryalte in a mixture of monomeric methyl methacrylate and amethacrylate cross-linking agent; this adhesive containing also a catalyst. Examples of cross-linking agents for this purpose are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,2-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, glyceroldimethacrylate and glycerol trimethacrylate and their mixtures. This special adhesive is rapidly curable to an invisible, flexible, transparent and colorless composition being perfectly compatible with polyester and polymethyl methacrylate. A typicaladhesive of the invention contains, by weight, 2 to 8% of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 10 to 20% of polymethyl methacrylate, 0.5% of an equal mixture of benzoyl peroxide and dibutylphthalate, the remainder being substantially monomeric methylmethacrylate. Such adhesives present the major advantage to be completely free from any remaining solvent. Furthermore, since the cured adhesive is no longer soluble in monomeric methyl methacrylate, it cannot be attached by further layers containingthat monomer. The adhesive cures spontaneously at temperatures between 15.degree. and 40.degree.C, preferably at room temperature during 5 to 24 hours, preferably over night.
+The preformed polyester or the in situ cured polyester horizontal barrier elements are preferably completely embedded into said adhesive composition of the invention.
+When the polyester elements are fixed on the base plate, the interstices or interspatial zones between these barrier elements are filled with a liquid polymerizable acrylic composition intended to give pattern areas which may be colored or not. This liquid polymerizable acrylic composition comprises polymeric methyl methacrylate dissolved in monomeric methyl methacrylate and a catalyst and may further contain soluble dyestuffs or dispersable pigments. This type of composition iscommercialized, e.g. under the trade name "Altufix P 10" by Altulor, Paris, France, having a polymer content of about 10% by weight. This composition also hardens at 15.degree. to 40.degree.C during 5 to 24 hours, preferably overnight at roomtemperature.
+After the polymerization in situ of this filling composition, if such one is employed (which is preferably the case), a vertical barrier layer is applied. This barrier layer of the invention which effectively prevents the age or heat inducedmigration and interpenetration of vertically adjacent polymethyl methacrylate layers or laminae consists of a cross-linked, transparent, generally uncolored acrylic composition comprising, as a solution in monomeric methyl methacrylate, a polymethylmethacrylate and a cross-linking polyfunctional methacrylic acid ester like those cited above. In other words, this vertical barrier layer has substantially the same composition as the curable adhesive of the invention. This vertical-barrier layer iscurable in the same manner as the adhesive composition, i.e., at room temperature and during 10 to 24 hours.
+It should specially be noticed that all compositions employed in the practice of the invention are solvent-free, exempt of plasticizers and are curable to perfectly homogeneous layers which are invisible if they do not contain a desired dyestuffor pigment.
+After the hardening of the vertical-barrier layer, one more acrylic layer may be applied, as a continuous layer, colored or not, or as a pattern, and so on.
+In order to confer a radiating attractive and striking luminosity and a frosty appearance to the panel, irregularly shaped gravel-like bodies, coarse fragments, or grains of transparent, optionally colored polymethyl methacrylate may be fixed onand partly embedded into the uppermost barrier layer. These bodies are then brushed or sprayed with the adhesive composition of the invention for full fixation to the article, thus providing a final coating.
+Long-time tests have shown that the horizontal-barrier and vertical-barrier elements and coatings, respectively, efficiently separate the colored polymethyl methacrylate zones and layers. No migration of these zones and layers which would havebeen detected by color migration, takes place.
+The inventive idea should be emphasized here. This idea was to separate all polymethyl methacrylate layers and zones from another and from the base plate by inert, insoluble and compatible elements or layers which contain no solvent and which donot adversely affect the mechanical and optical stability of the finished object. The invention permits the perfect realization of this idea.
+The object of the invention may be made for being viewed by direct observation in the manner of a painting, or by transparency in the manner of stained glass window.
+The "direct" observation, a non-transparent composition or lamina may further be applied to the backside surface of the base plate. For this purpose, it is convenient to apply a layer of the curable adhesive of the invention, containing a blackpigment like carbon black, or another pigment like TiO.sub.2, ZnO etc., on the rear surface of the plate and to cure the adhesive layer. Alternatively, an opaque Mylar sheet may be fixed to the rear surface using such curable adhesive, or even a metalfoil.
+For observation by transparency, no continuous opaque layer is applied. For special effects, the rear surace of the base plate may be provided with one or more of the elements and layers mentioned above, the gravel-like bodies included.
+The thickness of the different layers and elements may be varied within relative large limits, depending principally on the kind of object to be manufactured. Typically, for an advertising panel, the thicknesses are about the following: Baseplate, 2 to 40 mm; adhesive and vertical-barrier layers, 0.05 to 2 mm; horizontal barrier strips or elements, 0.05 to 4 mm; gravel-like bodies, 1 to 25 mm; final coating, 0.02 to 2 mm.
+BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
+The present invention will now be more fully understood from the following description made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which are as follows:
+FIG. 1 is a top view on a multilayer advertsing object made in accordance with the present invention;
+FIG. 2 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the object of FIG. 1, taken along the lines A--A in FIG. 1; and
+FIG. 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
+DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
+Referring now first to FIGS. 1 and 2, the decorative object is designated generally 10. On a base plate 12 made of colorless and transparent acrylic glass, i.e., from polymethyl methacrylate, there is applied a continuous layer 14 of a curedadhesive on the base of cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate as described in the Examples. This layer 14 is the first vertical-barrier layer. This adhesive layer holds in place small strips of Mylar 16 cut from a 1 mm thick black and opaque Mylarsheet. The interspaces between strips 16 are filled with colored and polymerized methyl methacrylate layers 18 and 20 of different colors, as to be described later. These layers are about 1.5 mms thick. The strips 16 from the horizontal-barrierelements. A further continuous vertical-barrier and adhesive layer 22, being transparent and therefore not visible in FIG. 1, covers the strips 16 and the zones 18 and 20. Embedded into this adhesive layer 22 are colored gravel-like bodies 24, 26 ofpolymethyl methacrylate, having a particle size between about 2 and 4 mms. Bodies 24 have the same color as the zones 18 whereas bodies 26 have the same color as the zones 20. In FIG. 1, some bodies have been omitted for sake of clarity, but inpractice, the whole surface of the object with the exception of the regions on top of the strips 16, is covered with a "layer" of said gravel-like bodies.
+A final adhesive coating 28, transparent and invisible, is applied on the top of the gravel-like bodies 24 and 26.
+According to FIG. 3 showing another embodiment of the invention, the object which is generally designated 30, includes a base plate 32 formed of colorless, transparent polymethyl methacrylate. This plate 32 bears a first vertical-barriercontinuous layer 34 of colorless transparent cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate. Horizontal-barrier elements 36 of an unsaturated polyester composition containing methyl methacrylate and TiO.sub.2 as a white pigment and which have been hardened insitu, are fixed to the vertical-barrier layer 34. The zones between the elements 36 are filled with differently colored polymethyl methacrylate layers 38, 40. Layers 38 are white whereas layer 40 is blue. A second continuous vertical-barrier layer 42,colorless and transparent, is placed on the top of layers 38 and 40 and elements 36. Second colored layers 44, 46 which are separated by a second horizontal-barrier element 50, are provided on the surface of vertical-barrier layer 42. Layer 44 isyellow whereas layer 46 is blue. A final vertical-barrier layer 48 which holds in place colored and transparent gravellike bodies 52 (yellow) and 54 (blue) constitutes the final layer.
+The rear side of the plate 32 comprises colorless, transparent gravel-like bodies 56 held in place by the adhesive layer 58.
+When illuminated by the radiation tube 60 from behind, the panel shows a strikingly luminous image giving the following color impressions.
+Zone I: yellow
+Zone II: green
+Zone III: blue
+Zone IV: dark blue
+Zone V: blue
+The following examples which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way since it is capable of other embodiments and of being carried out in other ways, further illustrate the invention. In these Examples, amounts andpercentages are given by weight.
+EXAMPLE I
+This Example illustrates the manufacture of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
+On a clear, colorless, transparent base plate made from polymethyl methacrylate, 100 .times. 100 .times. 2 cm, is poured 100 ml of a viscous liquid composition (A) consisting, by weight, of 85% monomeric methyl methacrylate, 10% of polymethylmethacrylate, 5% of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5% of glycerol trimethacrylate and 1.5% of benzoyl peroxide. All components are dissolved in the methyl methacrylate. After curing at 21.degree.C for 8.5 hours, a 1 mm thick, invisible layer hasbeen formed which is insoluble in liquid methyl methacrylate.
+The pattern of FIG. 1, formed from 2.5 mm large strips cut from a 1 mm thick black Mylar sheet, is now placed on the substrate and fixed by brushing with the adhesive composition described above. Curing is effective as described, and into theinterspatials between the Mylar strips, liquid acrylic compositions (B) are poured in a height of about 1 mm. These compositions consist each of 4% of a soluble dyestuff, 10% of polymethyl methacrylate, 1% of benzoyl peroxide and 85% of monomeric methylmethacrylate.
+After curing overnight at 20.degree.C, 200 ml of the composition (A) above are poured onto the hardened polymethyl methacrylate zones and the Mylar strips. When this coating is just gelling, after about 80 minutes, colored gravel-like bodiesmade by crushing from transparent colored polymethyl methacrylate cuttings and have a particle size of about 3 to 8 mm, are spread over the gelling layer and gently pushed into it. After curing overnight at 20.degree.C, all bodies are firmly bonded intothe adhesive and barrier layer which has now a thickness of about 2 mm. It should be noticed that the gravellike bodies may have the same color as the underneath zones of polymethyl methacrylate, or they may be uniformly colored or colorless.
+A final protective coating is applied by spraying 40 ml of composition (A) onto the gravel-like bodies and curing it overnight at 20.degree.-22.degree.C. This coating is invisible.
+EXAMPLE II
+This example illustrates the manufacture of the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
+Composition A (adhesive and vertical-barrier): Compound parts by weight ______________________________________ Monomeric methyl methacrylate 90 Polymethyl methacrylate 10 Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 5 ______________________________________
+A solution is made up from these components, and shortly before use, 5 parts of a stabilized catalyst (benzoyl peroxide dissolved in dibutyl phthalate, weight ratio 1:2) are added with stirring.
+Composition B (horizontal-barrier)
+Compound parts by weight ______________________________________ Polyester from maleic acid and propylene glycol 75 Styrene 25 Monomeric methyl methacrylate 18 Benzoyl peroxide (catalyst) 1 Cobalt naphthenate (accelerator) 0.008 *) TiO.sub.2 20 ______________________________________ *) calculated as metallic cobalt
+(The catalyst and accelerator are added shortly before use)
+Composition C (filling)
+Compound parts by weight ______________________________________ Monomeric methyl methacrylate 90 Polymethyl methacrylate 10 Catalyst (benzoyl peroxide) added shortly before use 2 Pigment color (as desired) 10 ______________________________________
+In general this procedure is substantially the same as in Example I, with the following exceptions:
+On the first vertical-barrier layer made from composition A, traces of composition B are applied by brushing; these traces are about 0.5 mm thick and have the desired width, e.g. about 2 to 3 mm. These "strips" are cured at20.degree.-22.degree.C overnight and are then firmly bonded to the first vertical-barrier layer. Composition C is applied in an amount of 50 ml/m.sup.2 giving a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
+In Example I, one colored filling layer has been applied. In this Example, two such layers are used, and these layers are separated by a further intermediate vertical-barrier layer having a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
+Furthermore, the rear surface of the base plate is covered with a layer of composition A in which during its gelling gravel-like bodies of crushed colorless polymethyl methacrylate are fixed (see Example I).
+The objects of the invention are particularly useful for all artistic and advertising purposes. Patterns and images of luminosity, clearness, durability and color separation which have been unknown hitherto, are obtained.
+* * * * *
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+378 F2d 627 Wooddale Inc v. Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland
+378 F.2d 627
+WOODDALE, INC., Appellant,
+v.
+FIDELITY AND DEPOSIT COMPANY OF MARYLAND, Appellee.
+No. 18383.
+United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.
+May 17, 1967, Rehearing Denied June 2, 1967.
+Ronald D. Olson, of Carlsen, Greiner & Law, Minneapolis, Minn., for appellant.
+Paul Ahlers, of Bannister, Carpenter, Ahlers & Cooney, Des Moines, Iowa, for appellee.
+Before MATTHES, MEHAFFY and LAY, Circuit Judges.
+LAY, Circuit Judge.
+We are faced with an action upon a fidelity bond arising out of alleged misappropriations by the President of the appellant company.1 Appellee denied liability claiming, among other things, that the President was not an 'employee' as defined under the policy but was specifically excluded thereunder as a 'contractor.' Trial was held to the court alone and at the close of all the evidence the court entered judgment for the appellee bonding company.
+Wendell Caldbeck was engaged in a general contracting business in the City of Des Moines since 1946, operating under the name of Caldbeck Construction Co. In 1959, Caldbeck entered into an agreement with the Watson Construction Co., a Minnesota corporation, and its President, Frederick O. Watson, that the latter would co-sign all performance bond applications with Caldbeck Construction Co. This arrangement was set up because of Caldbeck's poor financial condition. Under the contract Watson Construction Co. received three-eighths of the gross profits and Caldbeck Construction Co. received five-eighths on the bonded jobs. Caldbeck independently did the work and was in no sense aided by the Watson Company in the construction work.
+In April 1961, Caldbeck, Inc. was formed. Originally Wendell Caldbeck was one of the directors of the corporation. However, at the organizational meeting he resigned as a director but continued as President. The stockholders and incorporators of Caldbeck, Inc. were Frederick O. Watson and two business associates, J. Gordon Campbell and Robert L. Maddox. Maddox was a creditor of Caldbeck operating another construction company named Allied Construction Services, Inc. As of May 5, 1961, these three men comprised the Board of Directors. Only Watson, as Secretary-Treasurer, and Caldbeck, as President, had authority to sign checks on Caldbeck, Inc. An agreement was entered into by Watson on behalf of the new corporation with Caldbeck Construction Co. whereby the corporation would bid on all work requiring performance bonds and if a job was secured it would then be subcontracted to Caldbeck Construction Co. The performance bonds were then made out in the name of Caldbeck, Inc. A profit sharing agreement, similar to that which had existed between Caldbeck and Watson, was entered into by Caldbeck Construction Co. and the corporation on all bonded jobs.
+After the formation of the corporation Caldbeck, as President, would make out an invoice under the name of Caldbeck, Inc. on all bonded jobs. Upon receiving payment from the owner, pursuant to the particular building contract, this money was deposited by Caldbeck into the Caldbeck, Inc. bank account. He would then in turn invoice Caldbeck, Inc. in the name of Caldbeck Construction Co. in an amount necessary for payment of bills on that particular job. He would then issue a check from Caldbeck, Inc. to Caldbeck Construction Co. for that amount.
+In September of 1962 Mr. Watson conferred with a Mr. Lang and a Mr. Lynn, agents of the bonding company, concerning a fidelity bond covering the operations of Caldbeck, Inc. Appellee claims that Watson at that time misrepresented that Caldbeck, as an employee, was being paid a commission by the corporation. Nevertheless, at that time the agents of appellee expressly told Watson to pay some sort of salary 'to clarify the situation so there would be no problems.' The corporate minutes on September 13, 1962, reflect that yearly salaries of $50.00 were to be paid to both Caldbeck and Miss Larson, a bookkeeper.
+Some time in September 1963, and before December 3, 1963, Wendell Caldbeck, as President of appellant, wrote certain checks to Caldbeck Construction Co. from funds that were paid to Caldbeck, Inc. from a job known as 'wolkoff-Effress.' This payment to Caldbeck Construction Co., pursuant to the directions of Caldbeck, Inc. and pursuant to the past practices of Caldbeck, Inc., was to be applied for the payment of labor and materials on this particular 'Wolkoff-Effress' contract. tract. The record is likewise undisputed that at the time that Caldbeck wrote these checks he knew that the funds from prior payments on that job had not been fully applied to the outstanding expenses but in fact had been used for his own personal use, as well as general expenses of Caldbeck Construction Co.
+Subsequently, Caldbeck was discharged as President of the corporation. Caldbeck, Inc., as general contractor, recognizing its obligation took over the work on contracts which it had previously subcontracted to the defunct construction company.
+The trial judge entered his judgment on the ground that Caldbeck was not an 'employee' of the appellant under the bond, that he was an 'independent contractor' or 'at most * * * a subcontractor.'
+The critical language of the bond appears in Section 3 of the contract defining 'employee.'
+'Section 3. As used in this Bond, 'Employee' means any natural person (except a director or trustee of the Insured, if a corporation, who is not also an officer or employee thereof in some other capacity) while in the regular service of the Insured in the ordinary course of the Insured's business during the Bond Period and whom the Insured compensates by salary, wages or commissions and has the right to govern and direct in the performance of such service, but does not mean any broker, factor, commission, merchant, consignee, contractor or other agent or representative of the same general character.'
+We would agree with the trial court that the language of the above clause is not ambiguous. An 'employee' is simply defined thereunder as, (1) any natural person; (2) while in the regular service of the insured; (3) in the ordinary course of the insured's business; (4) compensated by salary, wages or commissions; (5) whom the insured has the right to govern and direct in the performance of such service; (6) who is not acting as a contractor.
+Where the language of a policy of insurance is clear and unambiguous, courts should give effect to the contractual language in harmony with plain meaning. Indemnity Insurance Co. of North America v. Pioneer Valley Savings Bank, 8 Cir., 343 F.2d 634.
+Appellee relies on the general proposition that upon findings of fact, this court is bound by such determination unless clearly erroneous. However, where the facts are undisputed and the evidence is reasonably susceptible of but a single inference, the question whether the relationship of employer or independent contractor exists, is one of law for the court. Sullivan v. General Elect. Co., 6 Cir., 226 F.2d 290; Hassebroch v. Weaver Construction Co., 246 Iowa 622, 67 N.W.2d 549, 552. See also Anderson v. Elliott, 244 Iowa 670, 673, 57 N.W.2d 792, 794. Cf. Minneapolis St. P. & S.S.M.R. Co. v. Metal-Matic, Inc., 8 Cir., 323 F.2d 903, at 912. Furthermore, it is within the competence of appellate courts as an issue of law to review the interpretation given a written contract. Standard Title Ins. Co. v. United Pac. Ins. Co., 8 Cir., 364 F.2d 287.
+THE CORPORATE 'SHELL'
+Appellee contends the corporation was a facade whose true personality was concealed and misrepresented by Watson. Caldbeck, Inc. maintained its office at the same place of business as Caldbeck Construction Co. Appellee maintains it had no payroll, estimators or workmen, owned no office furniture, paid no rent, and did not maintain a telephone listing. But fraud was not pleaded or suggested as a defense in appellee's pleadings below.3 See Miller v. Lawlor, 245 Iowa 1144, 66 N.W.2d 267, 275, 48 A.L.R.2d 1058; Post v. Grand Lodge A.O.U.W., 211 Iowa 786, 232 N.W. 140, 142; Peacock & Peacock, Inc. v. Stuyvesant Ins. Co., 8 Cir., 332 F.2d 499, 505. Nor do we find appellee's attack on the corporate 'shell' or 'dummy' as a persuasive inducement to concluding that Caldbeck was not an employee of Caldbeck, Inc.
+The bond application disclosed, or at least would put any reasonable person on notice, that Caldbeck, Inc. was formed for a limited purpose. There were no laborers or workmen listed and only the President and Secretary-Treasurer were indicated as employees. Lang stated he also knew that all or most contracts obtained by the corporation would be sublet to Caldbeck as an individual and that Caldbeck, Inc. would either pay the materialmen or pay Caldbeck who then in turn would pay the various costs of the job. The agents of appellee company were not strangers to the operation of Caldbeck, Inc. They had written performance bonds on construction jobs for over a year prior to its application for a fidelity bond. Appropriate here is the Iowa Supreme Court's holding in Sherman v. Harbin, 125 Iowa 174, 100 N.W. 629, wherein the headnote summarizes:
+'The obligee in a fidelity bond is not bound to aid the surety in determining the propriety of entering into the contract, nor to warn him of the risk, when all the facts are as accessible to the surety as to the obligee.'
+See also Employers Liab. Assur. Corp., etc. v. Wasson, 8 Cir., 75 F.2d 749 at 753.
+A corporation is a fiction of 'legal imagination' and is entitled to be treated as a legal entity under ordinary circumstances.4 Where a person is 'simply dealing with his own property through a corporate agency as absolutely as he might deal with it as an individual,' the fiction is sometimes disregarded. Haynes v. Kenosha St. Ry. Co., 139 Wis. 227, 119 N.W. 568, at 571. Equity will not allow the corporate structure to be used to perpetuate a fraud or obvious injustice. However, the 'corporate veil' cannot be removed merely to give a litigant an advantage at law when, in the absence of fraudulent allegations, the parties deal at arm's length.5
+9, 10$ It is true that business relationship between Caldbeck and Watson before the formation of Caldbeck, Inc. resulted in the same profit arrangement as the parties later enjoyed under the subcontract with Caldbeck, Inc. Mr. Lynn the branch manager of appellee said he knew before the issuance of the bond that the corporation was a 'front' for Watson. Watson himself did not deny the purpose of the corporate entity. It was created upon the advice of attorneys to bid work in Iowa and to use the 'name Caldbeck inasmuch as he was going to be subcontracting and actually doing the construction work in contact with the architect and owner.' It also gave the Board of Directors of Caldbeck, inc. direct control of monies from bonded jobs that were previously paid to and held by Caldbeck Construction Co. Corporations are accepted and recommended in the modern business world for many varied reasons. Ballatine, Corporations, 1; Fletcher, Cycl. Corporations, 5. The fact a corporation assumes a limited area of work that another entity or individual can do does not detract from its own capabilities or responsibility as a juridical personality. The formation of Caldbeck, Inc. created a new legal relationship between Caldbeck and Watson, as well as between Caldbeck Construction Co., the various bonding companies and all future contracting parties. And the record remains silent on any fraudulent design or concealment in the formation of Caldbeck, Inc.
+CALDBECK, THE 'EMPLOYEE'
+In determining whether Caldbeck was acting as a 'contractor,' or as a defined 'employee' under the bond, resort must also be given to principles of the master-servant relationship under Iowa law. Tit. 28 U.S.C. 1652. The Iowa Supreme Court has said:
+'The factors for determining an employer-employee relationship are, (1).' Prokop v. Frank's Plastering Company, 257 Iowa 766, 133 N.W.2d 878, 883. See also Schlotter v. Leudt, 255 Iowa 640, 123 N.W.2d 434.
+The apparent difficulty is that Caldbeck worked in a dual individual capacity as a contractor as well as the corporation's president. However, there is nothing within the bond that prevents an employee from serving two masters or in two distinct capacities. The essential requirement under this bond is that the loss arise out of the insured's employment. Appellant's argument, adopted by the trial court, is posited around the theory that Caldbeck's role as contractor was at all times controlling, overriding any duties with the corporation.
+No authority is cited by appellee or found in the trial court's opinion to support the result reached below. Dual employment per se does not defeat coverage under a fidelity bond. American Employers Ins. Co. v. Cable, 5 Cir., 108 F.2d 225; National Surety Corp. v. Hall, 107 Colo. 150, 109 P.2d 905; Ft. Scott Bldg. & Loan Ass'n v. McAfee, 135 Kan. 355, 10 P.2d 851; Frederick Investment Co. v. American Surety Co. of N.Y., 314 Pa. 1, 169 A. 155; Fidelity & Deposit Co. of Maryland v. Citizens Nat. Bank, 290 Ky. 306, 161 S.W.2d 62; Aetna Casualty Surety Co. v. Peoples Bldg. & Loan, 194 Ark. 773, 109 S.W.2d 943.
+In other areas of litigation involving dual employment, only periodic service regularly recurring to the employer's cause is sufficient for a legal determination that an individual is an employee. See, e.g., Dyer v. James Black Masonry & Const. Co., 192 Mich. 400, 158 N.W. 959. In Deecy Products Co. v. Welch, 1 Cir., 124 F.2d 592, 139 A.L.R. 916, the court was faced with the issue of whether a statutory clerk, who was a corporate officer, was an employee under the internal revenue code. The court applied the general legal definition of 'employee' to determine the status. The clerk also worked as an attorney for the corporation and his job as clerk was only incidental to the post. He received no compensation as clerk but did as attorney. The court held that he was an employee in the capacity as clerk. The court pointed out that even though he worked only 35 minutes that year it did not make it 'any less a rendering of services.' The court further said:
+'The only thing that can be done is to examine the facts of each case and then determine whether there is present sufficient control and supervision to make one an employee. Here the clerk is subject to the board of directors, and the board can direct him in the performance of the duties of his office. Moreover, 'The clerk * * * shall perform such other duties as the directors shall from time to time prescribe.' The directors can tell the clerk in what books to keep the minutes and where to keep the record books. It cannot be said that he has no superiors in the corporation who can give him orders.' 1 Cir., 124 F.2d at 598.
+In Cowles v. J. C. Mardis Co., 192 Iowa 890, 181 N.W. 872, 884, an individual was deemed both a general contractor and the owner's agent since the owner retained some control over a portion of the work. This case concerned a question on a performance bond. The Iowa Supreme Court said:
+'The cases hold that there may be a dual character, or relation, in some cases, without necessarily creating a repugnancy or inconsistency; that is to some part of the work a party may be a contractor, and yea a mere agent or employee as to other work.'
+Caldbeck performed definite services to the corporation. He submitted all bids in the name of the corporation. He bid on only those jobs Watson, as a director of the corporation, approved. The fact that these bids were estimated and prepared by an employee of Caldbeck Construction Co. is not material. Any other subcontractor might do the same. Through his corporate agency, Caldbeck, inc., and not Caldbeck Construction Co., became the contracting party. Caldbeck processed all invoices of the corporation to the owner and deposited all incoming checks to the corporate account. Upon invoice by Caldbeck Construction Co, he would then issue corporate checks to the construction company to be disbursed allegedly for work and material. Caldbeck was subject to the control, direction and ultimate discharge of the corporation and its board of directors. Under the circumstances we feel caldbeck meets the requirements of an 'employee' as defined under the terms of the policy.
+THE FIDUCIARY BREACH
+Implicit in the court's holding that Caldbeck was not an employee is that the loss occurred in Caldbeck's capacity as a contractor rather than in the performance of his fiduciary duties for the corporation. Prior to the formation of the corporation if Caldbeck misdirected funds from a contract job to the detriment of the owner, Watson, or materialmen and workmen, his legal liabilities were governed under principles of a debtor-creditor relationship. However, as President of Caldbeck, Inc. misappropriation of monies could breach his fiduciary duty to the newly formed funds poration. As an employee of the corporation he was not at liberty to write checks on the corporation from funds received on construction jobs until there was a proper invoice by the subcontractor Caldveck Construction Co. showing the bills due and owing on the particular job. In addition, his instructions required disbursal of funds of Caldbeck, Inc. to be conditioned upon the directed payment by Caldbeck Construction Co. of the outstanding bills on the bonded job. Again the facts are undisputed. The payment of the monies on the 'Wolkoff-Effress' job to the general account of Caldbeck Construction Co. occurred during the time that Caldbeck admittedly had misappropriated other payments from the same job to his personal use. The lower court viewed this simply as a breach of contract by Caldbeck Construction Company with the corporation. However, knowledge and acquiescence by an officer of a corporation in his or another's dishonest activities in any other capacity to the detriment of the corporation constitutes, as a matter of law, a breach of his fiduciary duty to the corporation.6 General Rubber Co. v. Benedict, 215 N.Y. 18, 109 N.E. 96, L.R.A. 1915F, 617; Maryland Casualty Co. of Baltimore, Md. v. Queenan, 10 Cir., 89 F.2d 155; Jackson Exchange Bank v. Russell, 181 Mo.App. 698, 164 S.W. 694; Ballantine, Corporations, 78, at 202.7
+A corporate officer's dealings with oneself is always subject to the closest scrutiny and skepticism. Atlas Coal Co. v. Jones, 245 Iowa 506, 61 N.W.2d 663. Moreover, his knowledge of wrongful actuvity in his individual capacity is not notice to the obligee or his employer under the bond because he is acting at that time in an adverse capacity. See Fletcher, Cycl. Corporations, 818, 819; Clapp v. Wallace, 221 Iowa 672, 266 N.W. 493, 495. The situation is no different than if Caldbeck as President of Caldbeck, Inc. was issuing checks to another contractor in privity with the corporation, who with the full knowledge of Caldbeck was misappropriating the money and not paying the obligations invoiced. If Caldbeck in this position sat back and condoned these acts or in any way had been a party or privy to these misappropriations, under such circumstances it would be obvious that he had breached his fiduciary capacity or duties. He would be every bit 'particeps criminis and accomplice' of the contractor in the misappropriation of funds as if he were participating in it as a principal. The corporation is the ultimate loser. See Jackson Exchange Bank v. Russell, supra. The acts of Caldbeck, the individual, known to Caldbeck, as President, constituted a failure to faithfully discharge his fiduciary duties as President of the corporation and renders the surety liable under the bond.
+Appellee raises other defenses by its pleading, which the trial court has not passed upon and which the parties have not briefed. Under these circumstances a final judgment cannot be rendered, so that the case is reversed and remanded for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion.
+Reversed and remanded.
+The appellant Wooddale, Inc. is the successor corporation to Caldbeck, Inc. and at all material times herein conducted its business under the name of Caldbeck, Inc., an Iowa corporation. We refer to it in its original name
+Appellant later amended its prayer to $21,735.44. Caldbeck had previously sold certain equipment to appellant to 'minimize his liabilities.' This sale, without written release or discharge, is characterized by Caldbeck's attorney as a 'full settlement.' However, the trial court did not pass upon the defense of 'accord and satisfaction' and we likewise do not reach this issue
+Appellees claim that their letter of September 10, 1962, affirming that Caldbeck would be covered under the bond was obtained through the misrepresentation that he was to be paid by commissions. We deem the letter immaterial to our holding here. We only observe that it was at Lang's suggestion that a salary arrangement be used to avoid any problems
+Justice Holmes' famous words come to mind:
+'It leads nowhere to call a corporation a fiction. If it is a fiction, it is a fiction created by law with intent that it should be acted on as if true.' Klein v. Board of Tax Sup'rs, 282 U.S. 19, 24, 51 S.Ct. 15, 16, 75 L.Ed. 140.
+The principle of law somewhat analogous is that 'an insurance company issuing a policy to a purported corporation cannot question its corporate existence.' See Fletcher, Cycl. Corporations, 3925; see also Union Pac. Lodge No. 17, A.O.U.W. v. Bankers Surety Co., 79 Nev. 801, 113 N.W. 263; National Surety Corporation v. Hall, 107 Colo. 150, 109 P.2d 905; American Employers Ins. Co. v. Cable, 5 Cir., 108 F.2d 225
+Justice Cardozo, describing the fiduciary's trust, said:
+. v. Utica Gas & Elec. Co., 224 N.Y. 483, 489, 121 N.E. 378, 380.
+Professor Ballantine writes:
+'A director of a corporation cannot remain silent, when he knows that a fraud is being attempted against the corporation and ultimately against its shareholders. It is his duty to acquaint the other officers of the corporation with the facts and to use every effort to prevent the consummation of the fraud. If he permits by passive acquiescence any part of the assets of the corporation to be fraudulently diverted or secret profits to be obtained he is guilty of a neglect of duty to the corporation for which he is liable in damages, notwithstanding the fact that he did not profit financially thereby.' Ibid at 202.
+The Journey
+The story of VH-SGS’s existence started in 1992. Dissatisfied with the slow speed of my Skydart ultralight, I purchased a VW powered Sonerai 2L. This well designed, practical aircraft provided 250 hrs of flying enjoyment, however although the VW motor had served me well, it wasn’t ideal for my frequent Bass Strait water crossings. I considered an upgrade to the extremely robust and successful 4 stroke Rotax 912 but this was complex and unviable so I eventually followed my next dream of building a VANS RV6. For 6 years I enjoyed the RV but as my family outgrew flying, its operating costs became objectionable.
+My thoughts reverted to the original idea of a Rotax powered Sonerai, remembering the responsive, fast, low maintenance airframe. In 2000 I finally committed to a new Sonerai based project, however this time with the valuable knowledge from previous ownership and 250 hours on type, I had the opportunity to make many carefully engineered improvements.
+The main objective was to replace my RV6 with a highly efficient aircraft of similar high speed performance and reliability, room for two 6’1” adults, aerobatic capability and an efficient glide for safety reasons, but with substantially lower operational costs. A huge challenge, but not impossible.
+Building Process
+SGS was in no way built as a racer although I was fanatical about achieving highest standards in construction, finish and aesthetic qualities. Solid countersunk AN rivets were used for high efficiency and to build a quality base for further development. Many aerodynamic compromises were however accepted to improve the overall functionality, including a taller, wider and longer canopy and extra cockpit occupant space. Also, increased wing angle of incidence and reduced instrument panel height for better in-flight visibility, and larger massed-balanced, modern shaped tail surfaces and taller turtle deck for improved control authority and positive stability in all 3 axes. These compromises were offset by a complete re-engineering of the aircraft from the firewall forward including sleek, new, low-drag engine cowlings.
+Minimising weight was a critical consideration, however there were compromises here too wherever increased functionality or safety benefits outweighed any weight disadvantages. These compromises included rollover protection, contoured leather seats, auxiliary wet wing tanks, fuel delivery and transfer pumps, redundant fuel bypass circuits, full-span flaperons, differential ailerons, upgraded spar carry-through structures, upholstery and sound deadening, baggage provision, thicker canopy for improved bird strike protection, a Rotax slipper gearbox clutch, full corrosion protection throughout and a crash activated ELT. Despite all these improvements (and many other minor ones) finished empty weight was kept at a respectable 277 Kg (611 lbs) wet.
+Because of these many changes, initial construction took 3300 hrs over 4 years.
+Rotax engine Wing construction and corrosion protection
+It’s Finished, What’s Next?
+Finally in 2004 I test flew my new 100HP Rotax powered Sonerai based aircraft. In addition to its award winning standard of presentation and attention to detail, it did all things my old Sonerai did except better and this time with a higher cruise speed of 143 Knots despite a mismatched propeller. With all the excitement of my new machine, life was about as good as it gets!... however... it wasn’t long before a performance improvement program commenced!
+Performance Improvement Program
+Despite striving for exceptional performance, I remained committed to retaining a stock engine and using stock RPMs. Safety was paramount and I felt engine modifications would compromise flying enjoyment. I set about methodically making changes to the airframe, striving for aerodynamic efficiency & handling improvements, evaluating each change and where beneficial, consolidating the improvements.
+So where did I start? As there were no commercially available propellers that would operate efficiently above 130 Knots at Rotax’s low propellor RPMs, I had designed and constructed a custom 65” X 90” wooden propeller. It turned out to be way over-pitched so lots more re-carving, re-measuring and re-checking eventually resulted in reduced pitch, an increased climb rate of 1320 ft/min and an increased maximum cruise speed of 150 knots.
+My method for accurately determining speeds is via multiple two-way GPS measured passes over a 20 NM test course, away from rising terrain, thermals or coastlines and maintaining height with strictly no downhill advantage, then correcting for the wind vector and density altitude. Without strictly adhering to this type of technique, performance comparisons are futile.
+Further airframe development included the obvious taping of joints etc. The less obvious developments included meticulous optimisation of the engine bay air entries and exits and all cooling drag. Despite drag being dramatically reduced, all engine operating temperatures are easily maintainable “in the green” regardless of OAT, aircraft load, power setting or duration of power application.
+Other improvements included redesigning amd optimising the stainless exhaust system and the pressure recovery carburettor inlet, filtration and ducting systems. Also the airframe and control surface rigging, C of G, engine bay and induction system temperatures, wheel spat to tyre fit, spinner to cowling fit, spinner to propeller fit, cowl flap design and finally, minimisation of airframe air spillage.
+With these major refinements (and many minor ones) the airframe drag continually decreased necessitating continual propellor development to progressively add pitch. The irony of this was that after many, many hours of airframe and propellor development and testing, the final pitch was back where it had started. I guess that’s what we so politely term “experience”!
+Large canopy Engine bay
+With the reduced drag, SGS was now capable of cruising at 161 knots and had a propellor to suit, however the pitch was very coarse such that the propeller was partially stalled at all speeds below 105 knots, with corresponding decreased thrust in that range. Above 105 knots however, performance was good with a 1600 ft per minute climb rate and good top-end speed.
+As the speed envelope expanded, the need for an In Flight Adjustable (IFA) variable pitch propellor increased. Problem was, there are none available that suit Rotax’s low propellor RPMs and SGS's speed range. Fortunately I became involved in the development of a brand new, IFA propeller with a leading propeller manufacturer Bolly Props Australia, and was afforded a clean slate re blade design. After a year of solid engineering, development and static and dynamic testing, the prototype propeller flew. The utility of SGS was further transformed and with the new propellor and other airframe improvements it now climbed at 1920 ft per min with a maximum cruise speed of 170 knots. This speed is not particularly economical however, nor used frequently for regular cruising.
+Cruising speeds of 160 to 165 knots are more practical, economical and without any turbulence constraints once above 8000’. 160 knots cruise is achievable up to FL140 and provides added flexibility to stay above most weather (& yes, SGS has mixture control and oxygen). At 160 knots, engine RPM can be as low as 4600 and fuel consumption is typically 16 litres/hr depending on altitude. Cruise speeds reduce with increased loading, however even when carrying a passenger and baggage, 160 knot cruise is still practical between SL and 10,000'.
+Glide averages 14.4 to 1 with the propeller windmilling, however reduces to 10.4 to 1 with the propeller stationary, an indication of the low airframe drag when compared to drag from the stationary propeller.
+In flight Takeoff
+So with these substantial developments completed, what was the next challenge?
+4 Current FAI World Records
+The Federation Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) has been the sole authority for administering, verifying and issuing all flight World Records for over 100 years, virtually since the invention of manned flight. One FAI category, “Speed Over a Recognised Course” requires accurate time and distance measurement and incontrovertible proof of an aircraft’s averaged flight speed over a recognised, pre-approved, one-way course exceeding 400 Kms in length.
+After extensive research, preparation and planning, I was ready to attempt to raise the speed benchmark in the 300 to 500 Kg aeroplane class. Two flights were undertaken in this category with the best result on 28th July 2008, a 500 Km flight from Blackall to Rockhampton (Australia) completed in 68 minutes with an average ground speed of 440 KPH (238 Knots : 273 MPH).
+Although there’s no record category for a shorter 200 Km flight, one 200 Km section was covered in 25 minutes at an average ground speed of 467 KPH (252 Knots : 290 MPH) and the GPS based flight logger confirmed ground speeds over 300 MPH for some sections. It was quite bizarre watching the kilometres click over at 7 second intervals.
+The other category of interest was the “Aeroplane Efficiency” category. I was fully aware that an aircraft with such a short wing was not normally regarded as exceptionally efficient however my flight data had shown that SGS in fact was.
+Aeroplane Efficiency World Records require a non-stop flight around a closed triangular course, the total required distance being determined according to the weight class. Once again, there is almost overwhelming criteria to satisfy the FIA that everything is legitimate.
+Again, two flights were undertaken in this record category, the most pleasing result being achieved in the coveted 500 to 1000 Kg class. To meet these weight requirements, full fuel and 90 Kg of ballast were loaded. After over 6 hours flying around the closed course, a World Record was established by using only 43 litres of fuel for the 1200+ Km flown, a record minimal consumption of 3.55 L/100 Km.
+This flight was undertaken on less than 7 litres per hour at an average GS of 197 KPH (1.85 GPH US at 122 MPH).
+In other terms, that’s 79.5 MPG imperial (66.2 MPG US).
+Surprisingly, despite 6.4 hours in the cockpit, comfort (or lack thereof) was not a problem.
+On all four record attempt flights, new World Records were established and subsequently ratified by the FAI in Switzerland. These speed and efficiency flights exceeded the benchmarks at the time and remain today as the best recorded flight performances in each weight category for any aeroplane type. The results are apt reward for the incalculable hours of development undertaken and in particular when considering SGS is not a single purpose race special but in fact a legitimate 2 seat utility aircraft with a standard Rotax engine.
+Reference -
+Aerobatic flight Yes it all fits, plus 2 full size pilots
+Final Aeroplane
+As well as being an exceptionally fast, efficient and agile aerobatic sports plane, SGS is a comfortable, capable cross country tourer that regularly carries 2 X 90Kgs (200lbs) people, 2 tents & sleeping bags, air mattresses, doonas, pillows etc and all personal belongings on 1000+ Nm trips. With 103 litres (27 USG) usable fuel, SGS can remain airborne for over 14 hrs and could fly across the entire mainland USA at its widest part with only 1 fuel stop.
+By limiting its unusually high fuel load, not for structural reasons but rather to comply with stall speed regulations, SGS can be flown in Australia as a 2 seater on a Recreational Pilot's Certificate. This load limitation is not unusual or onerous and with a still healthy payload, is a minimal trade-off to fly at these speeds on an RAA Certificate and without a pilot's medical.
+Due to the airframe improvements and the NACA 64A212 wing section, even when flown in turbulence SGS displays no nervousness, is directionally unaffected in all axes and has good ride comfort throughout the entire speed range.
+SGS has a demonstrated service ceiling of over FL 240 (24,000 feet), this being above 60% of earth’s atmosphere. Although flying at this altitude serves no useful purpose other than extreme efficiency, it can be interesting. It was surreal hearing a QANTAS 747 reporting at my position in established flight-levels cruise and then seeing it appear above, complete with contrails and appearing to almost fill the canopy.
+SGS is as fast as most RVs and many Glasairs and Lancairs and can tour comfortably with aircrafts in their performance category, yet costs half as much to operate. It provides unbeatable, high-speed, economical personal transport, is several times faster than a car and costs substantially less per mile to operate.
+Despite being very quiet and environmentally friendly, SGS outperforms all other known 2 seat 100 HP aircrafts and would likely have better economy for speed than any other 2 seat vehicle. Finally, it has award winning build and finish qualities to complement its performance.
+World Record certificates National Convention trophies
+Other Awards
+VH-SGS was also awarded
+Most importantly, the construction, design and development of this unique aircraft has always been extremely educational and rewarding. VH-SGS remains a source of immense pride and is an excellent example of the type of advancement and outcomes achievable using the privileges available within the Experimental Aircraft Category.
+Footnote!
+The Sonerai airframe structure used as a basis for this aircraft is designed for up to 90 HP. For anyone considering a similar project, fitment of 100HP or utilising any of the other listed modifications requires appropriate risk analysis and professional engineering design and application.
+Robin Austin
+Gold Coast
+Australia
+This week in our little Soul Creative group we are focussing on the effects of an Expectation Hangover.
+And when we talk about Expectation Hangovers, who better to lead us than Christine Hassler, author of the highly delicious book called, surprisingly; Expectation Hangover!
+I’ve summarised a big part of Christine’s intro in here, and smothered in some of my own juice as well. Make sure you check out her book for a deeper dive.
+You know that feeling when you have poured your heart and soul into something that you are pumped about, inspired to do and have your head down, getting on with it, focussed, committed and motivated.
+And then, at some point, you put your head up and realise that you are not where you want to be, or that the vision hasn’t come off as expected.
+You go on to marriage and have an expectation of how it is going to be. How it will be different to how everyone else does it. That you will be the game changers and everyone will think that you are the role model and co-authors of ‘How to Have a Happiest Most Full of Love and Sex and Desire and Friendship Marriage’. You say it in your vows. And then, at some point you lift your head and wonder how the hell you got where you are. And it couldn’t be further from the title of the book!
+You’ve trained 5 years at university, blood sweat and tears. All the exams. Assignments. Presentations. Feedback. Beers. And puffing and panting your way to get to the end so that you can have the dream position only to find that it is NOTHING like you expected and wonder what the hell you have done with your life.
+All your life you wanted to be a mother. You dreamed of your children being little angels spawned from you and your lover. They would be healthy. And vibrant. And funny. and cute. And obedient. And easy. I mean, it has been happening since the beginning of time right. How hard could it be? And then, you wake up…oh no you don’t wake up because you haven’t been to sleep for 43 hours because your two cherubs have colds and are miserable and are screaming and need fed and changed and hugged and burped and reassured. And at the end, really, it seems all you are there for it to be a slave to this little unit.
+You want desperately to be a great mother. But you feel like you are dropping the ball. Like all the time. Sigh. It is hard arse shit when you set out with a dream of how things will go and then, it doesn’t.
+One of the worst feelings about having an expectation hangover is that we feel like we have failed.
+That we haven’t met out standard or goals.
+Especially if we have poured our hearts and soul into it.
+When it become about the destination and not the journey, we seem to experience pain and discomfort.
+When we don’t get what we want after pouring all of our time, love, efforts and hearts into something it can feel like it is a cruel universal joke. On US.
+All the good feelings that we had along the way, in the excitement and creative phase, vanishes and we are left asking ourselves, “why the fuck is this happening?”
+The main reason that disappointment happens is to teach us a paradigm shift. It causes us (if we choose to learn this) to look inside and go within and ultimately find a new direction.
+We don’t voluntarily sign up for lessons in Expectation Hangovers so that we might learn. It threatens the scared part of is that clings to control, security, external results.
+So, in order to shift this, we might have to take another focus.
+Not a head focus, but a heart focus. A curious exploration to see if you can find answers.
+Not the answers that you might expect!
+- Control is an Illusion.
+We put in work, so naturally we expect results. Right? We expect that if I work hard then I will be rewarded and I will achieve all I desire. We are told that aren’t we? When we achieve goals and meet our expectations we feel safe, satisfied and rewarded. Validated even. Worthy maybe even more.
+But have you noticed that we don’t actually have that much control over our lives?
+Kids get sick unexpectedly.
+We lose our jobs.
+We fail the exam.
+They don’t call us back.
+And we aren’t talking about giving everything over to a higher power and not having any accountability or input into our lives. No, just looking at the way that life seems to work. That we can plan our arses off as to how things will be and then, it shifts…it does. It does right?
+It has been said, like a gazillion times:
+“It isn’t what happens to us, it is how we respond to it when it does that matters”.
+It does seem though, that we put far more effort in attempting to control life than we put into taking responsibility for our expectation hangovers.
+This isn’t about trusting in a higher power as much as it is about TRUSTING OURSELVES to be able to deal with things when they don’t go the way we planned.
+Besides, lets be honest, if everything went to plan, imagine all the surprises we would miss out on! All the little changes in directions. Lessons that we wouldn’t have been exposed to. Pleasant things can come out of shit things…
+2. Your Comfort Zone is Your Trap
+Comfort zones are a thing that in the last 10 years or so I have heard a lot about.
+“Get out of your comfort zone”.
+“Magic happens outside your comfort zone”.
+“Comfort zones inhibit growth”.
+It makes sense that we like to find ourselves snuggled up in our comfort zones. They feel safe. Like nothing can touch us. We don’t feel exposed. We wont get our little feelings hurt.
+In our comfort zones we choose behaviours that seem to keep reinforcing the feelings of security. Our brains highest desire.
+It feels familiar. Like we know this place. Our exhale place. But our comfort zone doesn’t feel safe and secure because it is healthy, it feels that way because it gives us the illusion of control!
+From inside this bubble we look and long for the highs of achievement, of love of inspiration, of passion…but in here, we don’t want to feel the uncomfortable feelings that come along with stepping outside our safe space.
+So, we continue to play safe.
+Engaging in behaviours and routines that are so familiar. Repeated patterns. Have you noticed them?
+I see a lot of clients who desperately want to step outside of their comfort zone, and feel like they are ready to make the step and then because of all the years of story and and a million other reasons, they just can’t do it. They stay trapped inside the safe confines of the comfort zone. The familiar. Even if the familiar feels heavy and un-liberating. It is familiar. And in familiar there is safety.
+If a plant outgrows it’s pot, do you leave it to be root bound and die, or do you upgrade the pot? Nourish it? Water it? Feed it? Give it space to grow?
+The comfort zone is the shell of constriction….not actual protection!
+When I am feeling the feelings of an Expectation Hangover…I know that I am in a growth phase and I am going to get some yummy learnings!
+No matter what you believe about yourself, you are worthy of and deserve to expand!
+3. It Ain’t Out There
+Are you a “when/if/then” kinda folk?
+“When I get the job I want I’ll be happy”?
+“If they call me back I am worthy of love and affection”.
+“When I get married, then I will feel accepted”.
+“If I just had another qualification I would step out and speak about the stuff I love”.
+“If I didn’t lose my job I’d be a millionaire by now”.
+“If I had more supportive parents, then I wouldn’t be suffering now”.
+Insert your own when, ifs, buts….
+Many people ‘work on themselves’ so that they can get something external to themselves.
+And lets be honest, it is bloody amazing and important to have dreams outside of ourselves.
+But when the inner work we do is designed solely to get outer results, we will continue to experience Expectation Hangovers!
+We think that happiness comes from getting what we want. And so when we don’t get what we want, we are deflated. Let down. Disappointed.
+Our obsession with what we can do, or have or be means we are constantly looking for an external result.
+Here is a news flash and it is worth highlighting:
+“Fulfilment is not something we can make happen”.
+Breathe that in for a moment.
+Not something YOU can MAKE happen.
+It is only when we have the courage to let go of what we EXPECT will happen the we begin to experience the kind of fulfilment that lasts!
+Each Expectation Hangover gives us the opportunity to let go of something external that we have clung to for worth, safety, or love and to find – in ourselves – the experience we are actually looking for!
+4. You Are Not Being Punished
+During the let down from and Expectation Hangover it is so easy to feel like we deserve to feel shit.
+We buy into the common misunderstanding that bad things happen as tests. Or even payback for something we may or may not have done in the past.
+Most of us carry around some form of fear that the universe, or god, or spirit, or energy is judging us in some way. So, when things don’t go our way, we believe that this is penance and we deserve to suffer through it.
+THIS COULD BE NO FURTHER FROM THE TRUTH
+The truth, if you want it, is that EVERY circumstance that you encounter is actually FOR your highest good – even if by fuck it doesn’t feel like it at the time!
+Hear this please:
+The universe does not punish, test, or keep a list of all the good and bad things/the right and wrong things! It just doesn’t. There is not an ounce of evidence that that is even slightly true!
+You didn’t do ANYTHING wrong! No THING.
+You have ALWAYS been doing the best you could! Really! Truely!
+Even if you don’t believe this right now, just yet, please just open the little space in your heart and mind to consider that this might be more true than the BS negative self talk you have been carrying around.
+Beating yourself up about being tested and failing is only adding to the pain and temptation to stay in your comfort zone. Each time you consider stepping out you worry you are going to be punished…well, lets let that BS story go. Now. Drop that shit like a hot arse piece of coal. Poof!
+Keep looking at life as a grand adventure. No clinging to ideas of how it needs to be or should be.
+Opportunities to grow a plenty!
+“When you dance, your purpose is not to get to a certain place on the floor. It is to enjoy each step along the way”. Wayne Dyer
+Biggest love to you all
+Jen
+xx
+Actions
+Work Header
+Enough (A Cinderella Story)
+athena_crikey
+Summary:
+?”
+Work Text:
+Friday night. Pre-drinking at home (just a few beers, Shouko’s been giving him shit about his voice); then the set in Shinjuku, then the after party at Hellfire. Whiskey, and shots, and some Red Bull to keep him going. Jesus, he’s only twenty-eight and he’s doing Red Bull chasers.
+The curses of being a party animal. Satoru tosses back another whiskey (cheap; Chinese – he’s up-and-coming, not gold record yet) and looks back to the dance floor. Shouko’s dancing with Utahime at the back of the crowd, the two of them glued together at the hip which given how hungry the surrounding stans look is probably not a bad thing. Groupies always have a thing for the only woman in the band, like somehow that makes her easy. Suguru’s in a corner talking to two girls who look like high schoolers with the stupid earnest smile that means he’s gonna get laid and Satoru briefly hopes the club bouncers actually did an ID check because Suguru sure as hell won’t.
+Kento, of course, went home right after the set.
+The thing is, Satoru’s tired. Over the past three years Jujutsu have clawed their way up from cult status to mainstream; they sell tickets for decent-sized venues and have songs on the radio. Last year they signed with a label, and they’re releasing singles regularly with two CDs under their belt. A far cry from bar-hopping and Youtube videos with a few thousand hits.
+And it’s been hard. Four sets a week, practice almost every day, picking up shifts at cram schools, hours spent trying to wring lyrics and melodies out of his brain. Constant parties – gotta keep the hard core fans happy, they’re the framework on which success is built in the modern era of social media shares and subscriptions. Constant drinking, constant dancing, constant meaningless sex. Sex sells, and Satoru is sexy as fuck. He’s practically Jujutu’s beacon: white hair, blue eyes, long legs and a rich voice. He’s their face, the face the fans fall in love with.
+(Suguru told him once he’s more a siren than a beacon, used to wrecking men on his shores, and he thinks it’s not untrue. It’s never bothered him.)
+It had been fun at first, had been such a rush to be recognized and adored and idealized. But by now it’s a routine, and it’s starting to feel empty. Shouko has Utahime, Kento has Yuu, and Suguru has no actual emotions – it’s actually kind of scary how blank he really is, inside. And Satoru? Satoru has a revolving door of one-night stands and an ever-increasing risk of venereal disease.
+He’s tired.
+So instead of getting up to dance on the floor like he does every night, mingle with the fans and do a little bump ‘n grind and maybe find someone to take home for the night when he gets drunk enough, he stays on his stool and keeps his head down.
+He’s folded against the wall at the end of the bar in the shadows, the club mostly spotlights and black light except for the steady halogen glow behind the bar. Beside him is a young guy with pink hair and sharp cheekbones wearing a tight T that reveals just how ripped his is. Satoru’s not in the market at the moment, but he can’t help but notice the thick biceps, washboard abs and strong waist. His skin has a healthy tan, and he’s chatting openly to the guy sitting next to him – older, dark hair, scar at one side of his mouth. They don’t seem to know each other, their talk trivial.
+Satoru’s at that stage of drunkenness where everything seems extraordinarily clear. Pink Hair is sweet; he laughs easily at Scar Mouth’s deeply unfunny lines, smiles unguardedly and tells silly charming stories about his friends. Scar Mouth is a creep with narrow hungry eyes and the kind of smile Satoru imagines serial killers and septic workers have.
+It’s just a feeling, of course. But when Pink Hair gets up to take a call, stepping away from the bar, Satoru sees Scar Mouth drop something into his beer in the mirror behind the bar.
+Fucker.
+Satoru leans over Pink Hair’s empty stool and crooks a finger at Scar Mouth, who gives him an unimpressed look but bends over. “Get the fuck out of here and don’t come back, or I tell the kid what you just put in his drink. Got it?”
+“Mind your own fucking business.”
+“No thanks, I’d rather mind yours,” drawls Satoru. Scar Mouth gives him a long, considering look, then gets up and slinks away.
+Pink Hair returns just as he’s oozing out the door like the slime he is and looks after him. “Hey – oh.”
+“Never mind,” says Satoru. He picks up the beer, reaches over the top of the bar, and dumps it into the slops grate. “Let me get you a new one.”
+The kid – he has to be barely older than twenty – slides back onto his stool. “Huh? What was wrong with that one?”
+“Tainted by association,” says Satoru with what seems like a lot of wit at the time. He signals to the bar tender who brings over another beer. “What’re you doing here alone?”
+It’s a weird question to start out with, but he’s drunk and the night’s old as sin so what the hell. And anyway, the kid doesn’t seem to notice. “I was supposed to come with a friend, but he got stuck with a shift switch and I was bored so I came anyway. Thought I’d check this place out so we can come back if it’s good.”
+“Having fun?”
+“Sure! I was dancing earlier, but it’s like an oven out there.” He takes a deep swallow of his beer, draining half the glass.
+At this point it’s clear to Satoru that Pink Hair has no idea who he is. The novelty is fresh; amusing. Also now that he’s facing Satoru, he can see that he’s quite cute in a wide-eyed, innocent way. This kid’s friends never should have let him come out on his own; he’s like a fucking babe in the woods.
+“What are you doing here alone?” asks the kid, and Satoru blinks in surprise at having his question thrown back at him. He almost points out that he’s not alone, but then he might have to introduce Shouko and Suguru and he’s not feeling generous right now. He wants this conversation to himself.
+“Sometimes I just feel like getting shit faced somewhere other than my apartment,” he says; not entirely untrue. “Come for the whiskey, stay for the EDM and the crumping. You know.”
+Pink Hair looks at him. “You don’t look like the crumping kind,” he says with a smile – not insulting but kind.
+“No?”
+“No. I think you’re probably into long smouldering grinds.” There’s something about hearing this kid, who looks like he could piss holy water, say it that makes it very hot. Makes Satoru imagine grinding against him, his firm hips to Satoru’s, his thick waist under Satoru’s long hands.
+“Maybe. But no dancing tonight.”
+“Why not?”
+Satoru looks back at his drink; mostly empty. He sighs. “I’m tired,” he says, suddenly. It feels good to say it, like pulling a thorn from a swollen wound. Bleeding out the pain. He slumps over the bar, weight on his elbows, like an old man.
+“And you came to a club? Don’t you want to be somewhere quiet?”
+Satoru swallows the remainder of his whiskey and turns to the kid. “Do you?”
+***
+“I don’t – I’m fine,” the kid protests.
+“Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth,” says Satoru. “Want something to eat?”
+They peel into a late-night izakaya and order beer and snacks and gyoza. In this light Satoru can see the kid’s not quite as young as he looked in the darkness of the club; his build is that of an adult and his eyes aren’t quite as wide as he took them for.
+The cold outside has given Satoru a second wind and the gyoza help to soak up some of the whiskey in his gut, and he actually manages to make conversation. This is new; his one-night stands are mostly frantic, sweaty, non-verbal affairs. Everyone wants into his pants; they don’t care about talking. They’re in love with his face, his voice. Not him. And fair enough, because he’s not in love with them, either. Transactional relationships, a sliver of fame for a slice of worship.
+Satoru’s still not sure this is a one-night stand; not sure the kid knows either.
+“So what do you do?” asks the kid, a terribly mundane question that Satoru doesn’t think he’s ever been asked before. Everyone he’s met either already knew or didn’t care.
+“Teaching. At cram schools,” he says, because why not? It’s not a lie. Not that that would matter; he’ll never see this guy again after tonight. “Math and music.”
+“Wow, those are pretty different!”
+“Mmm, closer than you’d think,” he says with a lilting tone, tapping a finger against his beer glass. “More formula than fret-work. Octaves, arpeggios, algebra. All mixed in together.” He nods vaguely, makes to spear a gyoza and only succeeds in knocking it off the plate. He picks it up with a disapproving frown and pops it into his mouth. “You?” he mumbles.
+“Finishing university. Physiotherapy. And working part time, you know, the usual minimum wage stuff. I don’t go out a lot; I’ve got to save for school, you know, and rent. I share with a friend – Megumi; he was supposed to come out with me tonight. He’s a vet tech,” he adds, as if Satoru had asked or even wondered.
+“Mm.”
+“He’s great with animals – all kinds. He could’ve been a vet, if he had the money, no problem. He’s really smart, too. Not like me – I’ve just got brute strength. The other day he found this cat on the street, and…” he prattles on about Megumi, his cat-whispering skills and his intelligence and his awesomeness as a roommate, and Satoru finds himself getting irritated. Hot under the skin, itchy.
+Jealous.
+What?
+He takes a deep drink of his beer and, when the kid pauses for breath, changes the subject. “What kind of music do you like?”
+“Huh? Um… I dunno. Just whatever’s on the radio, I guess. Pop, and… I guess I listen to some English rock sometimes. You know, Nirvana or whatever. I like stuff you can dance to, with a cool beat. Stuff that makes me feel something.”
+So, a musical cretin, thinks Satoru. But that’s not a bad thing. It beats the fans who want to go into theses about his influences and call-backs, divining layers of meaning into songs that don’t exist. Sometimes a song is just a song. Satoru sinks into his own thoughts, the mire deep, sucking.
+“How are you feeling?” the kid asks as the conversation dies, and Satoru looks up, confused. “You said you were tired. You looked tired, too. I guess it is pretty late, but… it seemed like it was something more.”
+Satoru licks some soy sauce from his lips, salty, rich. “Mm… life’s a drag. Everything’s the same. Work work work, party party party. I’ve got no one to hold on to.” He doesn’t really mean to say it. He doesn’t even really know what it means. But it feels like the truest thing he’s said all night.
+The kid nods understandingly. “Being alone is hard. I’ve got some friends, now, but for a long time it was just me. You should try to find someone.”
+Satoru shrugs despondently. “Everyone just wants my pretty face,” he says, words slightly slurred.
+He smiles. “You are very pretty. But I think you have other things going for you too.”
+“You wouldn’t say that if you knew me,” says Satoru, both depressed and 100% sure. “I’m an asshole.”
+“An asshole wouldn’t have given me his coat.”
+Satoru looks at him. His vision’s getting blurry, the heat of the izakaya and the beer baking the alcohol into his bloodstream. “That’s enough?”
+“It’s enough for a start.” The kid gets up, picks up the zabuton he’s sitting on, and comes around to sit right beside Satoru instead of across the table from him. Knee to knee, thigh to thigh. His thighs strain the confines of his jeans; he could probably crack walnuts with them. Desire mixes with alcohol; warm, fuzzy. “Tell me about yourself. Please?”
+So Satoru does. Not about his actual past – private schools and tutors, a place in medical school, then music and the break with his parents, and finally Jujutsu. He’ll never be drunk enough to spill his sob story, his fall from grace. No, he talks about music. About finding it in math as a child, about learning to untangle the mysteries of chords, harmonies, melodies until they were his playthings, his pets. About playing the piano – suitable for a rich boy – and then the guitar – eminently unsuitable for a rich boy. About saying the things he’s never been able to say in his speech in his songs instead.
+“Sometimes a song’s just a song,” he says, leaning over, his shoulder against the kid’s. “Sometimes it’s more.”
+The kid tucks his hand over Satoru’s leg, his fingers slipped in between the muscle of his thigh and the crook of his knee. As if to anchor him, as if to hold him down. He’s been weightless for so long that it feels strange to be tethered. He wonders about that, why he never noticed just how far he was from everything, everyone.
+Fuck, he’s plastered.
+“Is music enough?” asks Pink Hair, squeezing his leg just lightly, bringing Satoru back to the present or at least somewhere close to it.
+“Nnn,” hums Satoru, resting his face on a strong, warm shoulder. “’S never enough. Never. It’s like… like a hole in a bucket. Everything you put in pours right out. Splash. Water, water everywhere.” He closes his eyes. “Tha’s why I drink,” he confides. “Gotta fill back up ‘gain.”
+“We should go,” says the kid, voice low, shaking Satoru’s leg gently.
+“I like you. You know.” Know what? The thought passes out of his mind almost instantly. He presses his mouth to a soft, pink ear. “Come home with me?”
+“Okay.”
+***
+Under the bright neon lights of Shinjuku, the kid looks pretty – all colours and angles like a kaleidoscope. Satoru stumbles on something, maybe just his own feet, and they tumble against a wall. His body over the shorter man’s, their eyes meeting in the darkness. Satoru bends his head and kisses him.
+It’s sloppy, all teeth and tongue, both of them drunk but Satoru absolutely hammered. The kiss brings lightness into his world, a soft, floating sensation. He relaxes into it and Pink Hair catches him in a strong embrace, holds him close. He’s used to being in control; it’s odd to be the one being swept off his feet. For a moment it’s like everything he knew is cut loose, in free-fall. Then gravity re-establishes itself, and he finds his centre in the kiss, in the strength of his partner’s arms.
+He’s dizzy when they pull apart, the world spinning. He leans heavily on the kid and they stumble out onto the sidewalk. Then, somehow, they’re in a cab.
+It’s hot, overheated, and between that and the alcohol Satoru’s mostly asleep by the time they get to his place. Pink Hair shakes him awake and he fumbles with his wallet until he takes it from him and pays, then tucks it back in his pocket as they get out.
+He ends up leaning on the kid as they climb the stairs to his third-floor apartment, strong, confident arms around his chest. He leans into them, to the smell of strawberry shampoo and some kind of woodsy aftershave. It’s strange to feel safe, held. No one else has ever carried him home. He drops his key at the doorstep and the kid picks it up and opens the door, switches on the light.
+They take their shoes off, Satoru still clinging to him, the world dim and blurry. He tracks his way to the bedroom by long habit and, without taking off any of his clothes, tumbles into bed and pulls the kid down after him.
+He presses his mouth upwards for a kiss; he receives one to his forehead in return.
+“Goodnight,” says the kid, pulling away.
+“Wha’s your name?” asks Satoru, trying to catch his hands and misjudging the distance; his arms fall away, heavy.
+Pink hair opens his mouth, says something.
+And Satoru passes out.
+***
+As he lies there, memories of the night filter past like old sepia photographs – distorted, out of order, bleached blank in some parts. He remembers the set clearly, a theatre venue with imperfect acoustics and barely enough power outlets and mouse traps everywhere backstage. Remembers packing up and locking their gear up for the night and then heading out for Hellfire. Remembers doing some dancing earlier in the night, then depression setting in like cement hardening, and his decision to establish himself at the bar for some maudlin peace.
+After that, things get muddy. He remembers both kindness and belligerence, which seems weird. Remembers pouring a whole glass of beer out – why? Remembers soft conversation, the taste of gyoza, and a feeling of connection. Sometimes a song’s just a song. Sometimes it’s more.
+Remembers a kiss on his forehead.
+Satoru raises his head hastily – too hastily, lights bursting in his vision – and looks around. He’s alone in bed. Did he bring someone home?
+Strong arms around him, holding him, supporting him. The smell of strawberry.
+Strawberry… pink… pink hair?
+A blurry image comes to him of a young man with pink hair and a kind smile. You should try to find someone.
+Satoru feels a wave of compassion, of happiness. Something tender and twining as a sunflower seedling, but with potential. His stomach replies with a wave of nausea and he scrambles up, out of bed, and into the bathroom just in time to retch into the toilet.
+***
+1. His pity binges that only make him more miserable
+2. Suguru, who won’t stop texting him blinding GIFs
+3. The fact that he has to be up for another set this evening, and maybe even another after-party
+4. He thinks he may just be in love with a man whose name he can’t remember
+Love? Lust. Definitely lust. He tries to rewrite the list in his brain and meets stubborn resistance. Which is stupid, because it’s definitely not love. He met the guy for a total of a couple of hours while he was sauced out of his brain; he can’t even remember his name. So what that he was nice? Lots of people are nice. No one Satoru knows directly, but he understands it as a concept. Sympathetic listener? He could find oodles of them if he wanted. Since when has he cared about nice, or sympathy? All he’s ever needed is someone up for a few good hard fucks a night.
+In conclusion: he’s not in love with some guy he had a couple of beers and some plates of gyoza with. He’s not pathetic enough to fall for the first schmuck to offer him some kindness, some attention focused on him, Gojou Satoru, not Jujutsu’s frontman. He just needs to cut back the drinking a bit and maybe stop being such a slut. Find someone to be good to him.
+He just can’t help the nagging thought, What if you already found him?
+***
+He didn’t. Well, who can blame him? Satoru was hardly a catch. Good for a couple kisses, then nothing but drunk dead weight. If someone treated Satoru like that he wouldn’t leave a number either, and would definitely have taken at least a bottle of scotch on the way out and maybe something petty and inconvenient like all the toilet paper.
+But no. Both his alcohol and his TP are safe in their usual cupboards.
+Satoru transits out to practice. Their space is in Suguru’s house – he inherited it from his parents, along with a pile of cash that he used to bankroll Jujutsu for their first two years before the investment started to pay off. Satoru’s wearing jeans and his bomber jacket, which has just a faint woodsy smell to it that makes his skin warm.
+Their studio – it’s really just a practice room with some mid-range recording equipment for Youtube videos – is accessed through a door at the back of the house. Satoru cuts around back and comes in to find Suguru and Kento on the small sofa.
+“Hey, I beat Shouko? Fuck yeah bros before hos.”
+“I’m in the kitchen, asshole,” shouts Shouko from deeper in the house.
+Shouko’s known for her insatiable appetite for snacks. Satoru nods as he toes off his shoes. “Checks out.”
+“I heard that!”
+Satoru saunters over to the couch, a three-cushion piece with some stuffing coming out of it. Suguru and Kento are sat on opposite ends; Satoru squeezes down between them. Kento shoves him away; Suguru doesn’t react.
+“You look like crap,” says Kento disapprovingly.
+“But I smell like sunshine,” replies Satoru charmingly. Actually he smells like mouthwash and soap. Shouko comes in with a small tube of chips, already open, and leans up against the wall. “Shouko, you’re glowing. Get some last night?”
+“Another question that will forever be a mystery to you,” she says dryly. “You look like you slept in an alley.”
+“I slept in my bed, thank you. I’m like a dog, I –”
+“Fuck on all fours?” asks Suguru.
+“Piss on telephone poles?” suggests Kento.
+“Carry fleas?” says Shouko.
+“I always make it home, you lazy bastards.”
+“But rarely alone,” adds Suguru.
+Satoru turns to him. “Well since you mentioned it, did either of you see the guy I was with last night?”
+Shouko lowers the canister of chips. “Everything okay?”
+“Everything’s fine. I just… misplaced him.”
+“So call him,” says Suguru.
+“I didn’t get his number, asswipe.”
+“Then try to find him online,” says Kento.
+“I didn’t actually get his name, either,” admits Satoru, rubbing the back of his head.
+Kento gives him a disgusted look. “Jesus Satoru, you’re taking them home now and not even asking their names? That’s not just dumb – it’s dangerous. If you won’t think of yourself, at least think about others. We’re recording Limitless next week.”
+“I hope you at least used protection,” says Shouko.
+“And that the sex was good,” adds Suguru.
+“Fuck all of you, and you in particular,” says Satoru, pointing at Kento; Kento gives him the finger. “Nothing happened. We just talked, okay?”
+There’s a moment while everyone boggles at that. “You spent your night talking to someone? And you want to see them again?” Suguru holds up his phone and takes a picture of Satoru’s face. “Hold up, I’m doing an image search against Pod Person.”
+“Oh, shut it,” sighs Satoru, and rises. “Are we practicing, or not? I didn’t drag myself out of bed to get trolled by you three.”
+They haul themselves over to the instruments and start warming up.
+***
+“So,” says Suguru. “Your new beau.”
+“He’s just a guy, okay? We had a good time, or at least, I think we did, and I wanted to tell him that. That’s all.”
+“Mmhmm.” Suguru leans back, pushes his hair away from his face. “You’ve always been a shit liar, Satoru.”
+“Maybe compared to you.” He’s done the yawn test; Suguru fails it every time. Definite sociopath. He could be a professional confidence trickster, selling bridges and airspace to rich widows.
+“So what’s he like?”
+“Why? What are you, an agony aunt now?”
+“No, I just like to watch you suffer.”
+Definitely a sociopath. Satoru shrugs. “Cute. Young – but not like your hookups. Kind of… I don’t know. Innocent. I wasn’t sure if he even knew what I wanted.” He feels the pulse of desire now, the attraction of that innocence. But in the end it had been Satoru who had surrendered control, who had reached out for support. Whose innocence had been preserved.
+He’s certainly not telling Suguru that.
+“Kinky. Tell me more.”
+The microwave beeps and Suguru gets up to pull out the plate of meat buns, brings them over steaming to the table.
+“Some bastard tried to roofie him in Hellfire; I scared him off and tossed the drink.”
+Suguru blinks. “And he didn’t let you fuck him?”
+“I didn’t tell him.”
+“Do I even know you?” asks Suguru. “You’re sounding suddenly like a white knight, riding in on his charger. Or – no –” Suguru’s smile splits open wide, “Prince Charming looking for his lost love. And he didn’t even leave you a shoe.” He bites deeply, voraciously into his bun.
+“It doesn’t matter. It’s not important,” says Satoru carelessly, peeling the paper off the bottom of his bun. And then, changing the topic, “Tell me about your night.”
+***
+Afterwards they go back to Hellfire at Satoru’s suggestion. Because he’s remembered that Pink Hair said he was scoping it out, was thinking of coming back with his friend with the girly name… Maaya? Mei? Miya? Whatever.
+He sits in the corner seat of the bar, watching the lights play over the crowd. Watching for pink hair.
+Nothing.
+At one point he flags the bartender down and asks him, but he wasn’t working yesterday. No clues.
+But hey. It’s not important. Right?
+***
+He wakes with the memory of a sloppy, drunken kiss on his lips, his body aching for something beyond his reach. A sensation of being anchored, being held, his world realigning to a new lodestar. Like coming home.
+Fuck this shit.
+***
+For a few days the search simmers, PMs piling in but none of them legit while fans fill message boards with text and Suguru sends him sad eggplant stickers.
+It really spirals out of control, though, when a local radio station picks up on it. He knows because Shouko calls him and tells him to put it on. He’s in the middle of marking some tests, and tetchily pulls up his radio app.
+“ – speculation is rife, of course, about why Gojou-san is searching for this nameless man. Reports from fans show that Gojou-san has been posting on sites all over the web in search of him, as well as making personal appeals on his Twitter and Instagram accounts. Theories include a new member for Jujutsu, a lost childhood friend, and – most romantically – a wayward love. Gojou-san is known for his active social life, but hasn’t had a permanent partner since Jujutsu was formed. Some speculate he’s now searching for Mr Right.”
+Satoru shuts off the radio.
+It’s not that Jujutsu is big news. They’re not, in the grand scheme of things. But it’s January and the weather’s icy and Tokyo is bored waiting for spring to come. Everyone’s in the mood to pry into some poor fuck’s mystery romance.
+Cinderella Story reads one online news outlet, citing fans who were at Hellfire that night and who saw Satoru talking to the young, attractive, well-dressed man with pink hair and who saw them leave together. Suddenly the object of his search has become attractive and well-dressed. Soon he’ll be a blushing beauty, hanging on Satoru’s arm.
+?”
+Satoru pinches the bridge of his nose. There’s no point denying it; Suguru’s got the smarts of a slick lawyer. “Look, are you going to be helpful, or what?”
+“We’ve got an interview coming up before Limitless’ release. So why not take the opportunity to talk about the question that’s on everyone’s minds: Who is your mystery man?”
+Satoru exhales through his nose. “I don’t know who he is. That’s the problem.”
+“More coverage can only help, right?” wheedles Suguru.
+“And more grist for your mill of emotional manipulation?”
+“That, always,” grins Suguru, and he hangs up.
+***
+It’s not that he regrets being pissed out of his mind and missing something vital (although he does); it’s not even that he’s trying to be a better person (he’s definitely not). It’s just that he thinks he has something he wants to say.
+Sometimes a song’s just a song. Sometimes it’s more.
+***
+They sit in a row of four coloured armchairs on a stage, each provided with a mic, with Tokuda sitting opposite them. She takes them through the usual stuff: intros, band history, recent releases, upcoming work – some drivel about Limitless, still in sound mixing.
+Then, inevitably, comes the gossip. She leans forward, her sky-blue blouse hanging open just enough to get some of the shut-ins watching at home excited. “Gojou-san, lately everyone’s been talking about you. I think you know why?”
+He laughs, runs a hand through his hair – charming, sexy. “Sure, because I made a rookie mistake.”
+“Oh? What was that?”
+“I let a keeper slip through my fingers,” he says, and sees her eyes widen in excitement. This is entertainment gold.
+“Tell us more. We’ve all heard by now about your internet search for the man you met a few weeks ago; it’s been all over the news. Who was he?”
+“That’s what I’m waiting for someone to tell me,” he says candidly, smiling. “We met briefly at a club, had some drinks and chatted, then parted ways.” A nice, sanitized version fit for general consumption. No drunken kissing in a Shinjuku alleyway, no passing out in a stupor. “And when he was gone, I realised I didn’t have his name or number.”
+“A modern-day Cinderella, people are calling it. Surely you must know a few more details, though?”
+“Mm, he’s in university studying to be a physiotherapist, and has a part-time job and a roommate. And he likes Nirvana,” Satoru says with a grin. Like he’s not baring his poor, tarnished soul on national TV. “Maybe we should play Smells Like Teen Spirit,” he muses.
+“God forbid,” mutters Suguru from down the row.
+“What are your next steps?” asks Tokuda. “And how should he contact you if he sees this?”
+“He can leave his number with the izakaya we went to,” says Satoru, who had thought of this. “As for next steps… I don’t know. I hope he comes forward. I’d like to see him again.” Smile for the camera, pretty, well-behaved. The kind of clean, wholesome rock star the Japanese public wants.
+“Well, we wish you luck,” says Tokuda, and moves down the line to ask Kento something about his classical influences. Satoru plasters a thoughtful look on his face and switches off.
+***
+No young, pink-haired man comes forward with his number.
+***
+Nothing but writing.
+So he sits down with his guitar and some paper, and writes.
+And writes.
+And writes.
+***
+The lyrics.
+He brings it to their next practice, hands the printed copies around and plays the tune on his acoustic guitar – clean, soulful.
+“You sure about this?” asks Shouko when he finishes. “It’s different than your usual stuff. Personal.”
+“It’s good,” says Satoru. It is good – better than good. Is maybe the best thing he’s ever written.
+“I’m just saying… you don’t have to put everything on display.” Shouko never talks about Utahime, never brings her to press events or mentions her in interviews. Keeps professional and private separate, distinct.
+“Some things should be put on display,” he says. “Problem?”
+She shakes her head.
+“Then let’s try it.”
+***
+Much easier to record an unofficial version in their studio like they did in the old days, and release it on Youtube. The studio version can come later.
+It takes three takes to record. Half an hour, total. Suguru edits it on his computer, adjusts the audio levels and stitches the file up. They watch as he uploads it to their Youtube account, then shares from their other social media. Satoru pulls out his phone and posts the link on his pages, too.
+Tag line: Please find me.
+***
+The video starts with him stepping up to the mic, guitar strap over his shoulder, fingers on the strings. “This is for someone special,” he says. “It’s called Enough.”
+It begins with a guitar riff, slow and simple. Longing made tangible, wistfulness incarnate. Satoru’s fingers play the melody flawlessly, like they’ve known it forever, like it’s been waiting inside him since he was born. Every statue is waiting inside a block of marble; maybe every song is waiting inside him.
+The vocals are simple; just him, no harmony from Suguru or Kento in the intro. Just acoustic and bass underlay, clean.
+Whiskey and Red Bull
+Strobe lights, old nights
+See you sitting there
+Pink hair tight tee
+Chatting up some mister
+Too old for you, too old for me
+The piano and drums kick in, Suguru and Kento joining on harmony for the chorus.
+I’m a jerk, I say, sob stuff,
+Lend you my coat,
+The air’s a chilling note,
+And you say: “it’s enough”
+Back to Satoru for the next verses, drums quieting but present, keeping the pace steady – like the tick of the clock, driving the night on.
+Drinks at the bar
+Dreams of going far
+I’m tired of running on empty
+We go somewhere warm
+I’m too drunk to spread the charm
+You ask why I’m so drained
+I’m a jerk, I say, sob stuff,
+Lend you my coat,
+The air’s a chilling note,
+And you say: “it’s enough”
+Soy sauce on my lips
+Your hands around my hips
+You’re my only tether
+Pink hair, mellow eyes
+It’s a charming disguise
+For the one I want to save me
+I’m a jerk, I say, sob stuff,
+Lend you my coat,
+The air’s a chilling note,
+And you say: “it’s enough”
+The rest of the band falls silent, just Satoru on the guitar, slow, soft, playing the final chords:
+Take you home to my place
+I’m a wreck, you’re my grace
+Please won’t you tell me your name?
+The guitar falls silent, and the clip ends. The screen goes dark.
+Satoru presses his head against the tabletop.
+***
+“Gojou.” It’s Yaga, their manager. And he sounds pissed.
+“Not guilty,” Satoru says immediately.
+“Oh? But Suguru assured me you are,” says Yaga, voice low and dangerous.
+“Who’re you gonna trust, him or me?”
+“On the whole, neither,” says Yaga, “But in this case, evidence points firmly to you. Specifically: Enough.”
+Satoru opens his eyes, stares up at the ceiling. “What about it?”
+“Have you seen the news?”
+Satoru snorts. “You know you just woke me up.”
+“Well, congratulations. You’re trending in several major news outlets, and on Twitter and Reddit. Your cheap little Youtube video has pulled in almost a million views overnight.”
+Satoru blinks. Then blinks again. “Um…”
+“You do realise that if you released this through official channels you could be capitalizing on that interest? You could have reached gold record by now for the single.”
+“I’m not interested in the money, Yaga. And it would have taken months to release the single – everyone would have forgotten about my little personal drama by then. All I need is hits.”
+“Well congratulations, you’ve achieved that,” says Yaga sourly. “If you’re going to pull pranks like this, Gojou, you can’t expect me to do my best for you.”
+“It was a one-off,” he says. “Honestly. Pinky-swear.”
+“If it happens again…”
+“I’ll be good,” sings Satoru, with innocence (although not necessarily truthfulness).
+Yaga sighs. “You’ll have to do publicity. Might as well make the most of it. And we’ll record the single ASAP to try to catch some of the attention.”
+“Whatever you say. You’re the boss.”
+“Why don’t I believe you?” says Yaga, tiredly.
+***
+Satoru can’t really blame him. He was a mess when they met, told lies of omission and wallowed in the swamp of his own misery, and couldn’t even stay awake to hear the guy’s name. And by now he’ll have looked him up on the net and discovered that Satoru’s a jerk and a playboy and a man with absolutely no shame. Witness his national search for Cinderella.
+Cinderella. Cinders. Hellfire. Pathetically appropriate.
+He needs to walk it off. Or maybe fuck it off, find some cute guy and lose himself in comfortable, meaningless sex. He’s been celibate for weeks now, a new record for him. Even Kento’s commented on it.
+But he doesn’t really want the sex, want the booze and the meaningless hook-ups. He wants a connection.
+Pity that no one’s ever wanted one with him.
+***
+Satoru vaguely wonders if the crowd will be upscale, the kind of well-heeled concert-goers who attend performances by the university orchestra.
+It’s not, he sees as they wait in the wings. It’s young people, mostly students from the looks of it, with the usual jeans and t-shirts on under their coats; it’s cold, the heating not working right. Satoru’s wearing his leather jacket, although he knows he’ll regret it under the lights.
+The opening band, a group of young girls playing soft punk, wraps up and troop off. Jujutsu takes the stage to cheers and applause, Shouko settling herself behind the kit and Kento at the keyboard while Satoru and Suguru pick up their guitars and head for the mics.
+The lights are bright but not as blinding as some venues; he can make out some of the faces in the first few rows. Young, excited. He smiles. They tune up, do a quick mic check, and then Shouko’s setting the beat for Six Eyes.
+They’ve got a set order of songs, of course, mostly new stuff with some of their older Youtube hits thrown in. A comfortable rhythm, arranged so that no one’s strained by too many difficult songs in a row. They play through them, piece after piece, Satoru switching guitars as needed. The audience is excited, enthralled; a good crowd.
+They play fifteen songs, enough to take them to almost two hours with breaks for water and a little scripted conversation between them. They play their last song – 7:3 – and take bows, then head off into the wings.
+The audience keeps cheering, screaming for an encore. Not just that, though. They’re screaming for Enough. The sound bounces, echoes: “Enough! Enough! Enough!”
+Satoru looks to the others, who nod. They had planned to do a different piece for the encore, but there’s no problem in catering to the crowd. They head back onto the stage; he picks up his acoustic guitar. The audience quiets. And, as he plays the opening riffs to Enough, a low thrill builds.
+Whiskey and Red Bull
+Strobe lights, old nights
+See you sitting there
+He keeps singing, keeps playing, mind elsewhere. Back in Hellfire, back in the izakaya, back in the Shinjuku alley. His eyes are scanning the audience inattentively, glossily.
+And then, just as he’s singing Pink hair, mellow eyes It’s a charming disguise, he sees him. In the third row back from the front, mouth hanging open, honey-brown eyes wide.
+Satoru’s been performing for years, has been heckled and insulted and even assaulted by the audience. He doesn’t stop singing, his fingers don’t falter even as his heart gives an enormous jolt, heat flooding his body.
+The band falls silent behind him, just him and the guitar for the final verse:
+Take you home to my place
+I’m a wreck, you’re my grace
+Please won’t you tell me your name?
+The final chord dies.
+In the audience Pink Hair jumps to his feet and shouts something, but the rest of the audience is screaming, is applauding, is on their feet, and Satoru hears nothing. He stands, staring out into the whiteness, dumbstruck.
+And then Suguru grabs him by the shoulder and pulls him off stage. The performance is over, the stage lights dimming while the house lights come up. Satoru shoves his guitar at Suguru, strides out onto the stage, and jumps the five feet down into the house seats.
+Around him the kids, who are starting to stream out, startle and scream with excitement. But Satoru’s already pushing through them, making his way through the sea of people he towers over, back to the third row.
+He makes it to Pink Hair, watching him with a flushed face and shining eyes, and says, “Well?”
+Pink Hair blinks up at him, eyes wide, confused but excited too. “Well?”
+“What’s your goddamn name?” demands Satoru. It’s all he can do not to scream.
+“Yuuji. Itadori Yuuji.”
+Satoru grabs him by the wrist. “Come with me, Yuuji,” he says.
+Yuuji does.
+***
+Satoru leans against the door, breathing hard – less from exertion than overwhelming emotion, some acidic mix of joy and dread. Yuuji stands by a stack of grey chairs; he’s wearing the same cotton hoodie, his brown eyes deep, calm.
+“If you’re not interested in me,” says Satoru with as much composure as he can manage, “please tell me now and put me out of my misery.”
+“What? I – I’m not not interested in you,” stammers Yuuji, clearly confused.
+“Then why didn’t you contact me?”
+“Contact you?”
+Satoru starts to feel a slow, cold truth build. “You don’t know. You don’t know that I’ve been looking everywhere for you, baring my soul to the media, giving stupid, smiley interviews…”
+Yuuji rubs the back of his head; he has the grace to look slightly abashed. “No. I didn’t.”
+“Do you live under a rock?”
+“I don’t really watch TV or read the news, except for the sports stuff sometimes,” he says with equilibrium that makes Satoru just a little crazy. “I did try stopping by your place once, but you weren’t in, and I thought… I figured you probably didn’t want to see me.”
+Satoru stares. “…Why?” he finally manages, struggling to grasp words from the air. It’s like being told that fish probably don’t need water.
+“Well you were pretty smashed that night and it kinda just seemed like you wanted a shoulder to cry on. No one likes to remember that the morning after.”
+“I behaved like an ass, I know. But I really did want you to come home with me. And I really did want to see you again.”
+Yuuji smiles. “I can tell. You wrote a song about me.”
+“You really didn’t know?”
+He shakes his head. “A friend gave me a ticket. I’ve heard a couple of your songs on the radio, but I didn’t know it was you. And I didn’t know you were looking for me.”
+“And if you had?” asks Satoru.
+“Then I guess I’d’ve come back.”
+“Even knowing I’m a shameless slutty musician who couldn’t remember your name?”
+Yuuji steps forward and puts a hand on his shoulder. “But you tried like hell,” squeezing. And then, with a sweet little grin: “It’s enough.”
+Heart singing like a motherfucking nightingale, Satoru puts his hand over Yuuji’s and weaves their fingers together. “Let’s go get something to eat. I’m dying for some gyoza.” He shrugs out of his coat and drapes it over Yuuji’s shoulders. “Okay?”
+“Okay.”
+EPILOGUE
+A few weeks later, Satoru writes another song. He plays nice this time, takes it through studio recordings and official releases. It makes the billboard top 10.
+It’s called Lost & Found (A Cinderella Story).
+END
+Notes:
+I really had a lot of fun writing this one. I need to write Gojou's perspective more often.
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+tips are appreciated, thanks.
+admin answers:
+There’s no one way to become an actor so there’s no such thing as a “first step” and you could do all the “right” steps and never make it as an actor – that’s just how the business works.
+SOME things you’ll need for a professional acting career:
+* Talent
+* Quality acting training/classes
+* Experience (on stage and in front of the camera. At first you’ll have to start with low-to-no pay jobs)
+* Professional head shot
+* Professional acting resume
+* Acting reel (video of your on-screen work if you want to work on TV/movies)
+* A licensed talent agent (good roles are cast through talent agents – not open audition or websites)
+* Several well-developed monologues for auditions
+* To be a member of an actors union (SAG-AFTRA for screen or AEA for stage) or at the very least an understanding of how unions work to know when/if you should join.
+* An understanding of the business end of acting – the entire casting process, the players, what type of work is available in your area, industry contracts, how to best market yourself to talent agents and managers
+* A good network of connections in the industry
+* To be where auditions are held.
+* A strong foundation and healthy ways to cope with the stress of trying to work professionally. You need to be able to handle rejection, competition and instability.
+* A way to support yourself while you start your career and in between acting jobs. Every acting job is temporary — so you’ll always have to be concerned about when (and if) you’ll get another job.
+I’m not familiar enough with LA to be able to recommend any acting classes – but like most things, networking is the best way to find out about things. Look at volunteering at theaters or film festivals and get to know people. Go to productions and read the blurbs and find out where the actors got their training – who they’ve worked with. Do research on the internet. Backstage.com has some helpful articles. Check out message boards too.
+Checking out acting schools/programs is a good thing to do. It’s not required for a career, but it can be helpful. They’ll not only help you improve your acting skill, but a good school will prepare you for the industry. Professional acting is a business and involves a lot more than just talent agents and auditions. Plus a school is good way to start to build contacts in the industry.
+Acting involves reacting and requires an audience – so doing acting exercises in your room and reading books will only gets you so far. You’re going to have to go and make yourself vulnerable in front of people. You need to audition for what you can. Research how to find auditions (even if they’re low-to-no-pay jobs for the experience).
+Beware of scams and ripoffs. Most of them prey on people who mistakenly think you can be “discovered”; that all you need is “natural talent” or “the look” or “the IT factor” and once you’re noticed you’re all set. That’s not how the industry really is. Professional acting is a business and people are in it to make money not help you fulfill your dreams. So read books, articles and the like so you know what is needed to have a professional career.
+Good luck.
+Ken asks…
+What things will I need to buy for a pet rabbit?
+I am thinking about buying a rabbit and I have never owned one before so I was wondering what things I will need.
+Also what rabbit breeds are good for beginners.
+admin answers:
+A rabbit is a great choice for a pet! 🙂
+These are the items you will need in order to keep a rabbit:
+-A cage/hutch (the bigger the better)
+-food bowl and rabbit food
+-water bottle/bowl
+-hay rack and hay such as timothy hay (optional, but recommended)
+-Brush (special one for rabbits)
+-Bedding for the cage (straw, shredded paper…)
+Some extra things are:
+-nail clippers (rabbits need regular clipping)
+-some rabbit toys
+-an outdoor playpen
+– wooden block for gnawing (UNTREATED ONLY)
+-A litter box for droppings filled with straw (some rabbits need to be toilet trained)
+Rabbits love to eat fresh fruit and veggies, here is a short list of safe greens:
+*carrots (most popular and most favourite)
+*basil
+*bok choy
+*Celery
+*clover
+*mint leaves
+*apples
+*pear
+*oranges
+*cucumber
+*strawberries
+*dandelion leaves
+~lettuce is ok but make sure it is dark-leaved, lighter leaved types can cause diarrhea~
+POISONOUS OR HARMFUL FOOD:
+Potatoes and peels
+Rhubarb
+Lily of the valley
+Lemons
+Fox glove
+Types of nuts
+Deadly nightshade
+Depending on where you live, choose a small breed.
+A good breed is a dwarf rabbit or a mini lop.
+Also, some good care tips are:
+-trim nails about once a month
+-brush fur weekly or fortnightly (depends on fur length)
+-feed pellets and hay every morning
+-change water every two days or so (even if it looks clean)
+-clean out cage/hutch every week or so
+-take your rabbit to the vet twice a year for a checkup and whenever
+he/she looks sick or is acting unusual
+-vaccinate your rabbit against diseases that can kill your rabbit
+-rabbits are happier when with a friend
+-rabbits need regular exercise
+-spaying/neutering is reccomended
+– if your rabbit gets bald spots, this can mean mites – take him/her to a vet, it can possibly kill
+Some helpful websites:
+GOOD LUCK WITH THIS NEW RABBIT OF YOURS AND
+HAVE FUN CARING FOR IT!!!!
+😀
+Thomas asks…
+Do high ranked talent agencies such as CAA, ICM, and William Morris Endeavor prefer contact via mail or email?
+I have a cover letter, resume, and headshots ready but I’m just not sure whether if I should send them individually to each agency or through an agent’s email. I feel as if I sent a letter directly to the agency it wouldn’t get into the hands of an actual agent, more like a “fan letter” room, which is not my goal! Also, my headshots were done on a DSLR high quality camera but not professionally done! Is that okay? In general, I just need MUCH more tips on this process. I’m not really sure how this all works when you are just kick starting off this road. How does one before a SAG actor/actress? Explain everything! Thank you!
+admin answers:
+They prefer not to receive unsolicited submissions at all. These are the top agencies in LA – they only do interviews through industry referrals. You send anything unsolicited to an e-mail or their offices it’ll just be dumped.
+As for your headshot – this is one of the tools you use to sell yourself to a talent agent. It’s not just a picture of you to see how you look – it’s about how you’re going to market yourself. It should give a hint of the type of acting roles you could actually book. You need to be able to communicate through this head shot to the talent agent and convince them you can book a professional job. That’s why people hire professionals to do that – to be able to help capture your personality and acting type. Agents get hundreds, if not thousands, of unsolicited submissions a week. You will have to stand out.
+I think you might need more than a few tips – you need to do more research to better understand the acting industry as a whole. You don’t start an acting career with an agent – you start by getting good, quality training and experience and learning the business end of things. The best way to get an agent is through networking – so if you can impress an acting teacher/coach, director, other actor, or someone else in the industry enough that they are willing to refer you to an agent.
+Agents are paid on commission – they only get paid if the actor books a professional job and they get a percentage of that. So they are picky about who they take on as clients. They are not looking for beginners. When you start out, you begin with roles in things like student films, web series, independent films and the like to get film for your show reel and demonstrate to people that you can actually do the work. These roles are basically low-to-no-pay that actors take for experience and so an agent isn’t going to help you get those. (The commission on $0 is $0 so it isn’t worth their time.) so you need to know how to find auditions on your own first.
+SAG-AFTRA is a union for professional actors. Once you join, you can not work non-union jobs (which again is how beginning actors get experience). So joining the union too soon can actually hurt your career. (See for details).
+I really recommend that you research the business end of things more. Actors are not just “discovered”. No one is going to give you an acting career. Professional acing is a business and you are the product that has to be marketed and sold. So read industry trades. Backstage.com has helpful articles and advice: Showfax also has articles and advice: . A couple of books you might want to check out include “Self-Management for Actors: Getting Down to (Show) Business” by Bonnie Gillespie and “Acting as a Business” by Brian O’Neil. Come up with a business plan as to how you want to approach your career – then find an agent that can help you carry out that plan,
+Good luck.
+Lisa asks…
+How Do I get Started in Acting in Film?
+I really want to start acting in films (genres similar to the Transformers Movies -some action with some comedic parts) and my drama teacher and acting coach says that I have a lot of talent and that I have a very good way about me thats good for films but I don’t really know how to start getting out there. Should I get an agent or could I just go out to an audition and try my best? should I take another class?_4<<
+Sandy asks…
+Will listening to learning Cds during the night help you learn a language better?What are some good tips?
+I was wondering if i play my how to learn Spanish CD at night that i will be able to learn the language better is this true? If not can someone give me some good tips on how to remember and speak languages better?
+EDIT: Yeah but im also really nervous to talk to people who speak the language because i feel like i either A) Have a thick accent or B) Might be saying the wrong words and get laughed at
+Is there any way to over come this fear as well?
+admin answers:
+To the CD question: I agree. It’s not going to work. You have to be active and enjoy the process. Because I loved speaking Spanish to everyone and anyone, I improved quickly. BUT on the other hand, it doesn’t hurt to immerse yourself in Spanish.
+**To the fear question: You can do tons of things:
+I think the best advice I ever got was: find a person who is the same level Spanish as you (If you’re a beginner find another beginner). Pick a time (like a 1 hour coffee break) and a place that doesn’t have a lot of Spanish speakers (like a Starbucks in a non-Latino area), and speak Spanish to each other. If it helps plan beforehand what topics you’re going to talk about. And just speak.
+Since both of you are at the same level, you’ll both make a lot of mistakes. That’s actually really good! You learn through mistakes. And don’t worry about picking up your friend’s mistakes. First is that your build your confidence. Once you get used to talking nonstop for 30 minutes to an hour or more, then take the next step: talk to someone who is more advanced (or even a native speaker).
+Also, try the little things. Order in Spanish at a Mexican restaurant. Speak in full sentences. If the waiter responds in English ask him if your Spanish was correct.
+**To the accent issue
+Watch Spanish TV and repeat back what they are saying. The more dramatic and exaggerated the show, the better. Imitate the character as much as you can. Act along with them and really get into it. TRUST ME it works wonders on your accent.
+**To the saying wrong words issue
+Memorize some set phrases and dialogues from your Spanish lessons. For example, go to the unit on ordering at a restaurant and making friends. Practice the dialogues repeatedly (in front of a mirror, with your new friend, whatever). When you get in a situation where you have to speak to a native speaker, the correct phrasing and grammar will come out automatically. You can get creative and play around with sentence structure later. For now, just start talking.
+¡Buena suerte!
+UPDATE:
+I am at a stall with my investigations into Stevens County until I get the records I requested. Here’s a smile for the day. The lady who’s case I am investigating & the prosecutor seems to have run out of his own words & is using mine now.
+In order to get records from Stevens County you have to go through the prosecutor’s office, if they somehow decide to grant your request they forward it on which seems pretty shady to me, but that’s how they do it.
+They asked what I needed the records for & I said to establish a pattern of harassment. The “Information Officer” told me alot of the details of the case & invited me to come to Stevens County so I could look at all of the evidence. I called the lady back & asked her if A B C D E & F are true & what her side of the story was on it.
+Two things happened that day. She evidently wrote a letter to the prosecutor/information officer, & Mr Rasmussen called her attorney ONCE AGAIN threatening to press new charges on her. Some time later the Info Officer forwarded me her letter, which quite frankly I didn’t understand but then I laid into him about harassing her, about having a bunch of innocent rescuers going over there trying to save dogs lives because the a-holes told us all if we didn’t get the dogs off of her property they were going to mass execute all of them. They keep telling the rescuers that they are not at fault for going onto private property & taking someone’s dogs, livestock & property & I told them they needed to quit lying to people & cited the laws that were broken & told them I finally had proof of Mr R’s wrong doing as far as his charity was involved & I’ll be damned to hell if with 90 minutes of my email Mr Rasmussen didn’t send a Sheriff Gowin down to her property to ENTER ILLEGALLY without a search warrant to come on her property & start taking pictures of her tenants, & contractors, dogs & horse. I got a call from the contractor who was afraid for his own life but Ms D. was on the ground & the Sheriff just let her lay there so the poor guy ran down the driveway about 400 feet to help her up. He was terrified for his own dogs as well & hid them.
+So I finally got a hold of Ms D. last night through Yazmine & found out that now Mr Rasmussen is once again threatening/bargaining with Ms D. attorney. The State Court of Appeals has agreed to hear her case but threw out the states motion & chastised them on top of it. So Mr R asked Ms D’s attorney to ask her to drop her appeal & he would drop the probation violation… The problem with that is HE HAS NO JURISDICTION to do so, the agreement with the appellate court basically puts a “stay” on all proceedings, so he can’t do anything about it either way but it should be noted that he believes he has more power than the Washington State Supreme Courts do. Obviously that didn’t work so then he reverts back to threats & here is where he runs out of words.
+Ms D. sent out 2 emails to various people who are currently withholding information on the whereabouts of her dogs BECAUSE Mr Rasmussen is telling them they are in the right ONLY to cover his butt because he knows when the boom falls it’s going to land on him & he doesn’t care if he takes the rest of us with him. SO now he is threatening to file charges against Ms D. for harassment for requesting information saying that “He was going to show a pattern of harassment” pretty much used MY words for the rest of it too. Even though I pointed out that him filing additional charges & harassing her further would ONLY bolster her case & show it for what it was. Malicious harassment. Plain & simple.
+This is what happens when folks start to think they are above the law. So if Ms D. shows up dead or completely disappears we know who to look at, following are the 2 letters I sent to them.
+THIS WAS MY EMAIL IN RESPONSE TO HIM SENDING ME HER LETTER.
+I see the letter I don’t understand the letter. I don’t think she is speaking to me but since I stuck my own feet in it & everyone here has their butts in a sling over the legalities of these dogs, who are now in loving homes, except for the 5 that were lost or killed. Everyone’s attorneys are referring them back to the case in Spokane where they adopted out a dog from another jurisdiction, so everyone here is liable for civil & possibly criminal action depending on how far she is willing to take it & she doesn’t really have anything to lose either way. Everyone is lawyered up & waiting for the boom to fall. Other rescues have contacted me saying that someone in your office is telling them she can’t do anything, that they have nothing to worry about & that is a bald faced lie. Then Mr Rasmussen is threatening to press more charges on her, for what I don’t know but all that is doing is adding FUEL to her fire, she has already lost almost everything. I really have tried to come up with ways where this could work out for everyone, she wants her dogs & property back, she is legally entitled to that, & because of the shoddy job that your lawyers did for the appeal court they won’t even hear your side of the case & are moving forward with her’s. Please get a tape of it & look over it, someone should’ve at the very least thrown in a case or two & in the Justices’ response they even said it not their job to make a case for the state. So on these very important last 2 issues it looks from all perspective she will win & then not only will your county be screwed, but lots of good rescuers who were doing nothing more than your office’s bidding because you had an insane sheriff telling everyone he was going to kill the dogs if we didn’t move our butts into gear & get them out, when in reality she was not on the property, some of the animals weren’t even hers but Glover had to be a jerk & I do mean to tell you he is a jerk & he said he was acting under Mr Rasmussen’s orders to several of us. Every lawyer up here is itching for a shot at you guys.
+I really appreciate the time & effort that you spent on me, & I have nothing against anyone up there except for Mr Rasmussen for getting all of us involved in his big headed issues & that Officer Glover. I want to write him a letter myself, before he tries to utterly destroy someone he should make sure they are destroyed, this one has some fight in her & a caveat for if she dies!!! Remember she used to be the sweetheart of some mighty big firms over here, which puts a lot of folks over here in a bind because a lot of the good lawyers are conflicted out. It’s just like with my own issue, over here, I tried to explain to everyone, you don’t take EVERYTHING from someone & leave them standing, because then they have nothing to lose, all they have is time to focus on the issue. I also hope that Mr Rasmussen understands any new charges at this point will look exactly like what it is, pure & simple retaliation. I have read most of the statements that I have access to & the only people who were against her were people she had had issues with before, legal issues, so that doesn’t look good, my understanding is the video authenticator said the tapes were so spliced & diced that they wouldn’t be any more admissable than tapes of bigfoot at the mall.
+I am going to try to go down to her place over here & see if I can talk to her again, to atleast see if we can get her to leave some of the rescuers out of this, but I took her to see 2 of her dogs here, they were so shell shocked that even I cried for them. I go every week up into the mountain looking for her other dog(s) that were lost, & most times it ends with me sitting down bawling my head off because I have never failed a dog that miserably, we think 1 of them is dead, but the boy has a gimpy foot & I find his tracks quite often. These are not my dogs, so I can only imagine how she must feel, if she didn’t fight for them then I would question her motives. I am on a sinking ship either way, & Stevens County’s ship is taking on water too. No one is going to “win” in this case.
+I still don’t understand the purpose of the ferocity of the prosecution of Ms D., it was ALL OUT WAR, it bordered on illegal from the beginning. She writes an article, 2 weeks later her property is raided, she pisses off a horse thief, Mr Rasmussen sends neighbors over to harass the dogs & her. Next thing you know she is sitting in jail, he illegally orders all of her property disposed of, she is denied medial access & outside access from the jail, til her piece of garbage lawyer comes to see her to tell her all of the animals were gone & that he wasn’t doing anything more on her case, who by the way is one of the lawyers who donated to Mr Rasmussen’s partner charity that turned around & donated the money back to him. Do you see where this is NOT looking good for any of us? The idiots who posted on the news stories, in the comment sections pretty much gave her all the ammo she needs. Because of the bad advice Mr Rasmussen is giving them they thought they were in the right but these past few weeks they have found out they are not. I would not be surprised if you end up with about 20 more records requests by the time this goes to appeal. I am trying to clear my schedule so I can come over there personally to see the court stuff as well. Thank you for forwarding my request to the Sheriff’s office, though.
+Again all I want to know is why it was so important for Mr Rasmussen to totally annihilate Ms D..
+Brandia
+THIS WAS MY LETTER TO HIM AFTER I FOUND OUT THAT OFFICER GOWIN HAD COME DOWN ON HER PROPERTY & ENTERED ONTO HER PROPERTY ILLEGALLY & TOLD HER THAT MR RASMUSSEN HAD SENT HIM DOWN THERE
+Really?????????? I just went down to see Pam she is not here, she is over there, cause she had to keep an eye on her contractor & Mr Rasmussen sent a sheriff out to her property to take pictures & harass her. Are you guys serious? Her tenant called me in a panic saying she WAS ON THE GROUND & THE PIECE OF CRAP SHERIFF JUST LEFT HER THERE! What is wrong with you people???? I am calling the newspapers & TV stations in the whole state & giving them all the paperwork I have from the charities & all of the other info I have about Mr Rasmussen. I really hope he is proud of himself, the contractor has also sent me VIDEO from his cell phone!!! This is why I don’t believe one line of spiddle that comes out of Mr Rasmussen’s mouth. If anything happens to her I am going to make sure all of you are held accountable in every way. I am also contacting her tort lawyer & forwarding everything to him so even if she has a damn heart attack none of you will have gotten away with this. What kind of agency leaves a senior woman on the ground to die, yes she could’ve died. If anything happens to her in the meantime YOU WILL ALL BE ACCOUNTABLE, & remember getting rid of her does nothing she has an attorney that is going to proceed in the case of her death. How dumb can you all be? I want the public disclosure records, all of them. That is all.
+Rev. Brandia Taamu
+A Dream: “New Territories!”
+In this dream, I am at a friend’s home whom I used to teach with, and whom I haven’t seen in a couple of years.
+She was showing me her home, which was beautiful, very spacious, and clearly showed her love for children and people.
+She has a soft, gentle, kind soul and was always ready to help in any way possible.
+So as we were coming to the end of the house tour, she softly said, “We (she and her husband) are giving you this home, as yours, to do with as you please.”
+Shocked and overwhelmed by her graciousness and love, tears were running down my face.
+I was then crying beyond belief that God would give me such a gift through her.
+This house was much bigger than my current home and had many comforts.
+Then I heard the LORD say, “This isn’t the one.”
+Puzzled, I literally stopped in my tracks and waited, thinking He was going to say something else.
+That maybe I really hadn’t heard Him right and He was going to change something. So I waited more.
+Silence. No soft voice to reassure me of anything, just quiet.
+My friend, stopped in conversation as she watched me, and waited for me to say something.
+Thank you, would have been nice, but my mouth was closed, like it was glued shut, and I just stood there waiting for the LORD to say something, anything.
+Then I heard, “There is more.”
+Not knowing what He meant by that, again, I waited for Him to say more.
+Then my friend spoke again. “Wait, we have another house, it’s on the lake. It’s fully furnished, and is a vacation home we use occasionally with our children and their families. I think we are giving you the wrong home. Wait a minute and let me talk to my husband.”
+I waited, still astounded at what was going on, right at that minute. A SUDDENLY FROM THE LORD!
+Wanting to believe whatever it was the LORD was pulling forth, literally out of nowhere, which is something He is very good at.
+She came out from the other room, where she had gone to talk to her husband and he was right behind her. “We need to take you on a ride,” she said.
+She went to a cupboard and got something out that she put in her pocket. Then we all got into their car, which they called their “country car” since it was 4 wheel drive and they traveled a lot, often to areas not frequented by others, or very rough country.
+We drove for a while and were in rather remote country, when they pulled down a road and drove for a while again, detouring onto other roads at times.
+Then we were in front of a massive house. She and her husband both got out, and she said, “Come on. This is it.”
+Not knowing exactly what she meant, I got out of the car, per her directions, and followed her.
+We walked down a narrow path and came upon another house. This one was much bigger than the first and the house I’d seen when we stopped driving, but it was hidden in a shimmering cloud (God’s Glory), so that it couldn’t be seen, unless you knew or saw it was there.
+My friend turned around to look at me and grinned from ear to ear.
+She said, “We’ve had this for a while. We didn’t know who it was for, but when I went in to speak to my husband, the LORD spoke to us and said this was the house we were to give you. We have been waiting for the right person, and the LORD said, that you are the one to give it to, that you will know what it is for, and what to do with it.”
+I went to the house, and as I stood on the outside looking, it was like I could see for miles.
+Trees and things that might be in the way of my vision seemed to part, or there were times, when it was like I was looking beyond or right through them and other things, to whatever the LORD wanted me to see at that time.
+Then He spoke. “I AM increasing your tent pegs to stretch to beyond where you can see, but it won’t be a problem, for I will see for you and show you what you need to see and know.
+You are safe here, for My Glory already surrounds and is in, all that is Mine, and that includes you.
+So do not fear for the days ahead, for I will protect and provide for you and your family, as I have promised you, and as is needed. I AM WITH YOU. I AM.”
+Interpretation:
+This dream isn’t for everyone, but the LORD said you would know if it was for you.
+I believe this dream is for those who have sought the LORD fiercely, and had to go through many battles to overcome what the enemy has put before them.
+The LORD is letting you know, HE has a place for you, where you are safe, and that He will take care of you and your family in the days ahead.
+My friend in reality is not saved at this time, as far as I know, but loves the LORD.
+She has a kind, generous heart, and will do whatever is needed to help someone.
+God will use who HE wants to use for His Glory and to help His people.
+My friend represents someone who is known and has a generous, kind heart, willing to do whatever she and her husband are led to do, whether they know it is God that is leading them or not.
+They wanted the gift to be the right one, and were willing to wait; to make sure what they were doing was right.
+They had waited a while; it seemed, to make sure it was given to the right person.
+The house appeared to be hidden by the LORD, due to the Glory Cloud surrounding it.
+We also had to drive a while to get to it. We had to go on a narrow path to find it.
+Don’t we have to go on a narrow path to find the LORD?
+“13 Go through the narrow gate, for the gate that leads to destruction is wide and the road broad, and many travel it; 14 but it is a narrow gate and a hard road that leads to life, and only a few find it,” Matthew 7:13-14 (CJB).
+I could see without hindrance, the trees or whatever moved out of the way. God made a way where there seemed to be no way.
+“Here is what ADONAI says, who has made a way in the sea, a path through the raging waves; 17 who led out chariot and horse, the army in its strength – they lay down, never to rise again, snuffed out and quenched like a wick. 18 “Stop dwelling on past events and brooding over times gone by; 19 I am doing something new; it’s springing up – can’t you see it? I am making a road in the desert, rivers in the wasteland,” Isaiah 43: 16-19 (CJB) .
+God was increasing the territory that had been given to me, because of the fact that I could see beyond what was normally seen by man’s eyes.
+When God increases your tent pegs, he stretches you, sometimes you feel like it is more than you can handle, but He will give you what you need to handle it, when you ask.
+So increasing tent pegs can mean territory, as in He is increasing your anointing over a larger area and it can also mean He is increasing your authority and power in Him or both.
+,” Isaiah 54:2-3 (CJB).
+God Takes Care of Those Who Are His!
+“He is like a shepherd feeding His flock, gathering His lambs with His arm, carrying them against His chest, gently leading the mother sheep,” Isaiah 40:11 (CJB).
+“[The righteous] cried out, and ADONAI heard, and He saved them from all their troubles. 18 ADONAI is near those with broken hearts; He saves those whose spirit is crushed. 19 The righteous person suffers many evils, but ADONAI rescues him out of them all. 20 He protects all his bones; not one of them gets broken,” Psalms 34: 17-20 (CJB).
+“You who live in the shelter of ‘Elyon (God Most High), who spend your nights in the shadow of Shaddai (All Sufficient One or God Almighty or Almighty God), 2 who say to ADONAI, “My refuge! My fortress! My God, in whom I trust!” – 3 He will rescue you from the trap of the hunter and from the plague of calamities; 4 He will cover you with His pinions (feathers or wings), and under His wings you will find refuge; His truth is a shield and protection.
+5 You will not fear the terrors of night and guard you wherever you go. 12 They will carry you in their hands, so that you won’t trip on a stone,” Psalms 91:1-12 (CJB).
+“Then, if My people, who bear My name, will humble themselves, pray, seek My face and turn from their evil ways, I will hear from heaven, forgive their sin and heal their land,” 2 Chronicles 7:14 (CJB).
+“For God so loved the world that He gave His only and unique Son, so that everyone who trusts in him may have eternal life, instead of being utterly destroyed,” John 3:16 (CJB).
+“Moreover My God will fill every need of yours according to His glorious wealth, in union with the Messiah Yeshua,” Philippians 4:19 (CJB).
+“If we acknowledge our sins, then since he is trustworthy and just, He will forgive them and purify us from all wrongdoing,” 1 John 1:9 .
+I am truly in Awe as & I read this I began to weep! Thanking God for the Love shown by God and by this lovely couple and I couldn’t be happier if this was happening to me. But yes, I am believing God for a debt free home and vehicle and I know that this truly is for Me!☝️! HE said HE will give us houses that we did not build and vineyards that we did not Plant! Thank You Lord in Advance & thank you my Sister Beverly! My desire is to owe no man Nothing but to Love Him according to His Word. GLORY TO GOD!!!
+In His Love & Mine,
+Mary
+Thank you!
+Lord,
+Message received with much thanks and Gratitude to our Lord Jesus Christ and our Father sitted on the Mighty Throne.
+I resonate with this so so so much. Thank you for posting. God Bless.
+God Bless you! Bev
+Laying the stone for a New Temple:
+Prelude to the Deception of a Nation
+by
+Mac Dominick
+The echoes of praise to God thundered from the massive crowd as the immense stone was reverently set in place on the "holy ground". The pure euphoria and enthusiasm of this moment was the culmination of the blood, prayers, and tears of fifty generations of the family of Israel. The Temple, at long last, was finally under construction on the Temple Mount. This was all made possible with the coming of the Messiah, Mashiach ben David. As amazing as it may seem, a direct heir to the throne of David had become the ruler of the entire world. The Great Man rescued humanity from nuclear holocaust, alien invasion, and natural disaster. He established order from chaos. His one-world government successfully implemented world peace. He established a new one-world religion that syncretized the beliefs of all the world’s religions into one all-encompassing faith. With the rebuilding of the Temple, Jerusalem would become the religious center of the world. The promised Kingdom had at last arrived. However, in less than seven years, two-thirds of the inhabitants of the nation of Israel would die. The nation of Israel had been deceived into accepting the false messiah, the antichrist, as Mashiach ben David.
+While this sequence of events is still in the future, very significant events have been recently taking place in Israel. On October 7, 1998, fifty to seventy-five members of the Temple Mount and Land of Israel Faithful were turned away by police from the Magrabi Gate to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem while thousands prayed at the Western Wall Plaza. Police prevented them from placing a 4.5 ton marble stone." (1)
+The Temple Mount in the city of Jerusalem is one of the most sacred pieces of real estate in the world. This mountain, previously known as Mt. Moriah, is the location of Abraham’s near offering of his son, Isaac. It was also on this spot that Solomon erected the House of the Lord in 953 BC. (2) This first Temple was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC when the Babylonians conquered the nation of Judah. The second Temple was built on this same location in 515 BC by returning Jewish exiles of the Medo-Persian Empire. This second Temple underwent very extensive remodeling by Herod in 20 BC, and Herod’s Temple was then destroyed by Titus in 70 AD. However, not only is this ground sacred to the Jew, but it is also sacred to the Muslim. From this very mountain, Mohammed was said to have ascended into heaven. The Muslim mosque, the Dome of the Rock, was erected on the Temple Mount in 691 AD. (3) After the Israeli army captured all of Jerusalem in the 1967 "Six Day War", Moshe Dyan granted control of the Temple Mount to the Arabs.
+The Temple Mount and Land of Israel Faithful is one of several Messianic groups that believe the time of the coming of Messiah, Mashiach ben David, is very near. Not only do they believe that his coming is near, but they are making preparations for his appearance. This group, led by Jerusalem’s Hebrew University professor Gershon Salomon, has made several attempts to lay the stone to rebuild the Temple on the Temple Mount. The latest attempt (10/7/98) to lay the stone ended just as all the other attempts. Authorities denied the zealots access to the Temple Mount.
+Other organizations are also making preparations for the appearance of Mashiach ben David. The models and plans for the Temple construction are complete. The Temple Institute has now trained more than 500 descendants of Levi to perform the duties of the Temple priests in the ancient Temple rituals. (4) Under the leadership of Chaim Richman, the Temple Institute is replicating the objects used not only in Temple rituals but also the furnishings of the Temple, musical instruments, and the garments of the priests. (5) Temple Institute Rabbi Nehman Kaham has stated:
+"…the Temple will again be the spiritual center for all of mankind." (6)
+Rabbi Shlomo Goren heads a Temple Mount organization that believes he has established the exact location of the "Holy of Holies". (7) The first "red heifer" in two thousand years has been successfully bred. (The ashes of the red heifer are necessary for the cleansing of the priests for Temple service). (8) Other organizations include the Temple Foundation, the Shmirat Hamikdash Society, and the Lubavitchers. The Lubavichers, a Hasidic Jewish group, is proclaiming to prepare for the coming of Messiah. They declare:
+"We were born out of the Yom Kippur War (1973)… before Messiah comes, Israel will experience great distress…our belief is quite simple…when we possess all the land historically held by the Jewish people, Messiah will come." (9)
+Lubavitcher Menachen Brod has stated concerning Messiah: "…a great leader of the Jewish people…the whole world will unite behind him." (10)
+These groups are anxiously awaiting the coming of a world leader to embrace as Mashiach ben David. The Bible, however, warns that the Jews will be deceived and accept Antichrist as Messiah. This deception will lead to a holocaust far worse than that imposed by Hitler. Are the actions of Messianic Jews then a prelude to the deception of a nation?
+Salomon (Temple Mount Faithful) has stated that three major events will occur in the end-times prior to the coming of Mashiach ben David:
+"The first is the establishment of the state of Israel in the land of Israel. The second is the regathering of the Jewish people to the Promised Land from all over the world. The third is the rebuilding of the Temple on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem on the same place as the First and Second Temples." (11)
+He feels that the first condition has been partially fulfilled. Israel is in the "Promised Land", but their borders come far short of those promised by God to Abraham. Salomon believes the entire land promised to Israel--from the River of Egypt to the Euphrates-- (12) will soon be annexed to Israel.
+The second condition is also in the process of being fulfilled. When Israel became a nation in 1948, the Jewish population was approximately 600,000. Today, that number has mushroomed to 4,800,000. Salomon states that even the members of the so-called "10 Lost Tribes" have returned home along with members of the tribe of Dan, Jews from Ethiopia, and those from Asia who belong to the tribe of Manasseh. (13)
+Salomon is adamant that the third condition is also soon to be fulfilled. He has stated:
+"As a result of the miraculous events of the Six Day War of 1967, G-d brought Israel back to the Temple Mount, the whole of Jerusalem,...Judea, Samaria, Gaza, the Golan Heights, and the Sinai peninsula…G-d brought us back to the Temple Mount to build His House and to open another end-time era in the life of Israel…The sinful mistake…of Moshe Dayan did not cancel G-d’s plans. G-d’s plans were merely delayed to the coming generation. …a new generation has emerged. Now the time is ripe for the Temple to be rebuilt…" (14)
+Many Israeli citizens believe that the coming of Messiah and the rebuilding of the Temple will be preceded by a full-scale military attack against Israel. This attack will come from the surrounding Arab nations and possibly their European allies. Salomon, in an interview with Peter Lalonde, conveyed the following:
+"They will try to stop Israel from building the Third Temple…This battle will be a battle for Jerusalem and the Temple Mount…all those nations will try to stop Israel from doing it, and God will show them His power…maybe this will be the last war of the people of Israel. We are ready to face it. We are ready to sacrifice…" (15)
+This interview gets even more interesting as Salomon continues:
+"…this war will be the last war…in all the world. A new time will open for all the nations…Jerusalem and the Temple Mount are going to become the focus of all the earth, the United Nations of all nations…" (16)
+Finally, Salomon speaks with Peter Lalonde concerning Mashiach ben David:
+"…the seed of David will be the Messiah, and he will renew the Kingdom of David exactly as G-d said… the king of the whole world, Messiah for Israel and for all the world." (17)
+While Salomon is absolutely correct with many of his assertions, his line of doctrine and his view of prophecy are missing THE MAJOR INGREDIENT. Mashiach ben David has already come in the person of Jesus of Nazareth! This missing piece in his theology and eschatology leads him to conclusions that will result in tragic consequences for the nation of Israel. According to the Word of God, Mashiach ben David will certainly return to set up the Kingdom as promised to His servant, David. However, as previously noted, the Bible also teaches that a false messiah will first come and deceive the nation of Israel. Israel will accept the false messiah and face the final judgement of God upon the nation.
+Salomon is also correct concerning a future war with the Arab nations. As a matter of fact, occult sources also have knowledge of.(18)
+In light of the present discussion, there are several interesting aspects of Pike’s letter. Note that the projected accomplishments of the first two world wars as prophesied by Pike were achieved precisely in World War I and World War II. Secondly, Israel did not exist in 1870, nor would anyone other than a Bible scholar who believed in a literal interpretation of prophetic events (which were at that time rarer than a doctor with less than two BMWs) even imply such conjecture. Most importantly, Pike’s prediction is consistent with the little-recognized prophecy of Obadiah. The prophet speaks of a time when a fire will go out of Jacob and the family of Esau (Arabs) will be as stubble. The fire of Jacob will devour them and they "shall be as though they had not been." (19) Pike’s letter simply agrees that there will be a war between the Jews and the Arabs. The Bible gives information on the outcome. This war will trigger Israel’s acceptance of the Satanic New World Order and its false messiah, thus sealing their fate.
+Tragically, groups such as the Temple Mount and the Land of Israel Faithful are setting themselves up for disaster. They have rejected the true Messiah of Israel and will embrace the false messiah. This tragedy has not been set up simply over the last fifty years, but rather, has been more than two thousand years in the making. In order to establish the complete impact upon the nation of Israel and all humanity, one must travel back in time to the Passover Celebration in the year 32AD.
+Jesus stood before the gathering multitude. For three and one-half years He healed their sick, worked miracles in their presence, and taught them the mysteries of the Kingdom of God. Yet on this day, they did not gather for healing or to witness a miracle. They did not gather learn of the love of God. Rather they came together as a "lynch mob", incited to hatred and malice. Both Herod and Pilate found no fault in the one known as Jesus of Nazareth. Pilate made at least some feeble effort to have Him released. However, the mob would tolerate no mention of amnesty. "Crucify him, crucify him!" they cried. Pilate pleaded, "Why, what evil hath he done?" The mob ignored his objections and cried even louder to the point of creating a tumultuous uproar, "Crucify him!" Pilate finally resigned himself to accept that the only escape from this dilemma was to surrender to the demands of the mob. He then took water, washed his hands before the mob, and declared, "I am innocent of the blood of this just person." The crowd, undaunted, cried in unison, "His blood be on us, and on our children." (20)
+This phrase has mournfully reverberated through the corridor of the last two thousand years. Jesus Himself had, on an earlier occasion, spoken of the results of their rejection when He prophesied concerning Jerusalem:
+"If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong to thy peace! But they are hid from thine eyes. For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee on every side. And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children with thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another, because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation." (21)
+The nation of Israel was blinded to that for which they had so earnestly longed—the appearance of the Messiah, the Holy One of Israel. (According to the Word of God, they will remain blinded "until the fullness of the Gentiles be come in.") (22) The veil of deception placed before their eyes by the "Wicked One" not only led to the rejection of Messiah, but also to the pronouncing of judgement from their own mouths. History reveals the clear path of that judgement by the spilling of Jewish blood on the mountains and plains of the land surrounding not only the city of Jerusalem, but also all across Asia Minor and Europe. In AD 70, Titus and his legions destroyed Jerusalem, killing 1,197,000 Jews, another 500,000 perished from pestilence after the siege, and 97,000 fugitives were caught and sold as slaves. (23) Simeon Bar Cocheba, a self-proclaimed messiah, led a revolt against Rome in 130 AD. Although he did succeed in slaughtering the Roman 12th Legion and beginning the reconstruction of the Temple, his revolt ended with the destruction of 985 towns and the death of 580,000 Jewish men. The city of Jerusalem was ploughed under, and the pagan city of Aelia Capitolina built on the site. (24) In the Middle Ages, the Jews that were scattered across Europe were slaughtered by the thousands by Catholic Crusaders in route to the Holy Land. (25) Surviving European Jews were persecuted mightily by the Church of Rome. Entire Jewish populations were often herded into synagogues and burned alive. This took place in the towns of Belitz and Rottingen, Germany in the 13th Century. (26) In the infamous Holocaust of the 1930s, 6,000,000 of the 8,000,000 European Jews were murdered. (27) Finally, millions of Russian Jews have been slain by the Communists since World War II. There can be no argument made to the contrary that those who cried out for the blood of the Messiah to be on them and their children certainly received that for which they asked.
+For all the persecutions, all the wars, and all the turmoil of the last two thousand years, the full payment for Israel’s sin has not yet been made. The Bible teaches of a future time known as the "Time of Jacob’s Trouble" or the Tribulation. The "Tribulation Period" is a span of seven years which will immediately follow the present "Church Age". The "Church Age" will abruptly end with the "Rapture of the Church". (The "Rapture of the Church" is the snatching away of all of those who have accepted by faith the sacrifice of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sin and justification before God. This acceptance is accomplished on an individual level, and is not all-inclusive of everyone whose name appears on the membership roll of any organized church or churches). Though the Bible gives no specific time for the "Rapture of the Church" and subsequent "Tribulation Period", those who study Bible prophecy generally agree that in the period since May, 1948, secular events indicate that the Church is in a general state of decline while the nation of Israel (non-existent since 70AD, reborn May 15, 1948) has been gaining in global significance. Once the "Tribulation Period" begins, the final judgement of Israel will take place.
+Though some will certainly disagree, the order of events listed in the scripture indicates that a full two-thirds of the inhabitants of the House of Israel will die during the "Time of Jacob’s Trouble". However, those who survive and accept the true Messiah upon His return will live and rule with Him for a period of one thousand years (28). This end-time scenario will develop directly from the acceptance of the false messiah (Antichrist) by the nation of Israel. As a matter of fact, the "Tribulation Period" will officially begin when Israel signs a covenant of peace with Antichrist. This sequence of events will occur as follows:
+1) Israel will launch a full-scale attack (possibly neutron) on the Arab nations. The Arabs will not only be defeated , but they will be totally annihilated. (29)
+2) The Rapture of the Church will most likely occur immediately after this war
+(although it may occur prior to this event). (30)
+This is not science fiction. This scenario is clearly laid out in the infallible Word of God. Where then, does this leave today’s Messianic Jews who would conquer the Arabs, rebuild the Temple, and establish the Kingdom apart from Jesus Christ? According to Salomon’s earlier quotations, his eschatology dictates the following sequence of events:
+Please note the similarity of this view to that which the Bible teaches. This eschatology is equivalent to Scripture to the point of the rise of the false messiah. Tragically, the similarity is very much like the other lies of Satan: they contain enough truth to perfectly set up deception. The Messianic Jews have been deceived, and this deception will lead to the acceptance of Antichrist as Messiah. Their position is simply, "If we build it, He will come." They totally ignore the potential for the advent of a false messiah. They also totally dismiss any possibility that Jesus of Nazareth is Mashiach ben David, and that His coming will, in reality, be His return. They have further dismissed the historical fact that the veil of the Temple was rent from top to bottom at His crucifixion, giving all men access to God. (39) They do not realize that their body can become the Temple of God if they would just accept the sacrifice of Jesus Christ upon the cross as the pure Pesachal Lamb. Without Jesus Christ, the Jewish people (including Gershon Salomon) are lost.
+The events of the end-time as seen in Scripture cannot take place unless the Temple is rebuilt. Therefore, without question, the Temple will be rebuilt. The hope for the Jew, however, is no more in the Temple than it was in the time of Jeremiah. In the time of Jeremiah, the people of Israel were convinced that their nation would never be destroyed due to the fact that the Temple of God stood in Jerusalem. They were badly mistaken. Putting their hope and trust in the Temple in lieu of God’s Word had tragic results. The kingdom of Israel fell to Nebuchadnezzar, and many lost their lives. (40) The events in Israel today are leading up to the repeating of history. Messianic Jews are making the same fatal mistake.
+The hope for Gershon Salomon, all the others in Israel, and those Jews scattered across the face of the earth today is not in the rebuilding of the Temple; but in the person of Jesus Christ. The "Age of Grace" is rapidly coming to an end, and the final judgement of God is on the horizon. For Jews and Gentiles alike, access to God is not behind the veil of the Temple; but rather in Jesus Christ, who is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
+"For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us." (41)
+The responsibility for those who know Jesus as Savior is to reach out to the Jewish people. Scripture commands that God’s people are to "pray for the peace of Jerusalem", (42) and blessings are promised to those who support Israel. (43) Christians should support the ministries that target the Jewish people. (Two of the most prominent are "Chosen People Ministries" and "Friends of Israel". These deserve the prayers and support of God’s people.) Certainly, the judgement of Israel is far from complete, and the nation will be deceived; but Christians must reach out to all the lost sheep of the House of Israel in order to lead them to the "Good Shepherd", Jesus Christ.
+End.
+View Ellen Schön’s works featured on Ceramics Now Magazine
+
+Ellen Schön's C.V. (resume) - View her works
+EDUCATION
+1984 - Boston University Program in Artisanry, Boston, MA
+M.F.A. Ceramics
+1975 - Marlboro College, Marlboro, VT
+B.A. with Honors Ceramics and Perceptual Psychology
+SELECTED EXHIBITIONS
+2012 - Ellen Schön: Vessel Variations (x3) – solo show, Vessels Gallery, Boston, MA
+- CHAWAN International Exhibition, Gallery Yûsai, Nara-shi, Japan
+2011 - Sasaran Art Festival – We ART Together, Selangor, Malaysia
+- World in Change - 19th European Artists Symposium, Essen-Werden, Germany
+- Ellen Schön: Ceramics – solo show Thayer Academy Gallery, Braintree, MA
+- Waterfall, Machon Hamaim Gallery, Givataim, Israel
+- 360° - We and Everybody, Hampden Gallery, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
+- Art 20, Benefit for children’s aid project in Asumbi, Kenya
+2010 - Group Show, Vessels Gallery, Boston, MA
+- Cittaslow – Sakin Şehir – 1st International Symposium of Contemporary Arts, Izmir, Turkey
+- Ceramics Program 40th Anniversary Benefit Invitational, The Ceramics Program of theOffice for the Arts at Harvard, Allston, MA
+2009 - Carve, Cast, Cut Construct: 3-D Faculty Recent Work, Art Institute of Boston, Boston, MA
+- Waterfall, Nave Gallery, Somerville, MA and Ripustus Gallery, Hämeenlinna, Finland
+2008 - MINDmatters: Mechanisms and Mysteries, Laconia Gallery, Boston, MA
+2007 - Vessel as Metaphor: Sculpture and Installation, Nave Gallery, Somerville, MA
+2006 - Ceramics Biennial 2006, New Hampshire Institute of Art Gallery, Manchester, NH
+- The Figure Explored, Art Institute of Boston Gallery at Porter Exchange, Cambridge,MA
+- Sacred Sense, The Nave Gallery, Somerville, MA
+- Work in Clay and Wood - solo show, Pingree School, Hamilton, MA
+- Looking Back, Looking Forward: the State of Clay Fuller Museum of Art, Brockton, MA
+2005 - Enduring Legacy, Schmidt Art Center, Southwestern Illinois College, Belleville, IL
+2004 - The Uncommon Denominator, Dyer Arts Center, R.I.T., Rochester, NY
+2003 - Craft Transformed: PIA Retrospective, Fuller Museum of Art, Brockton, MA
+2002 - National Arts Challenge, George E. Ohr Museum, Biloxi, Mississippi
+- The State of Clay, Ceramics Guild, Lexington Arts & Crafts Society, Lexington, MA
+2001 - Ashes to Art: Funeria, Fort Mason Center Firehouse, San Francisco, CA
+2000 - Emerging Forms - solo show, Holzwasser Gallery, New Art Center, Newton, MA
+- Celebrating The Arts In The Community, Federal Reserve Bank, Boston, MA
+1999 - Group Show, Signature Gallery, Chestnut Hill, MA
+1986 - Faculty Show, Laura Knott Gallery, Bradford College, Bradford, MA
+1985- Malcolm Wright, Students, & Apprentices, Benchmarks Gallery, Washington, DC
+- Saluting The Program In Artisanry, The Society of Arts and Crafts, Boston, MA
+1984 - Two Dimensions/New Dimensions, Brookfield Craft Center, CT
+1983 - 8th Annual Ceramics Invitational, Millersville College, PA
+- Contemporary Crafts, Elmira College, Elmira, NY
+- Featured Artist, Ten Arrow Galley, Cambridge, MA
+1982 - Coffee and Tea, Frog Hollow Craft Center, Middlebury, VT
+- Clay Dragon Studios Group Show, Clark Gallery, Lincoln, MA
+1981 - Jubilee 50, League of New Hampshire Craftsmen, Concord, MA
+1980 - Clay Deserts - solo show, Impressions Gallery, Boston, MA
+- Tradition in the Making, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
+1979 - Massachusetts Craft Fellowships, Worcester Craft Center, MA
+- Containers, Danforth Museum, Framingham, MA
+1978 - Young Americans II: Clay & Glass, American Craft Museum, New York, NY
+- Certificate of Mastery: Furniture and Ceramics, Boston Architectural Center, MA
+HONORS AND AWARDS
+2005 - Art Institute of Boston faculty development grants.
+2008-2005 - NCECA conference attendee, Baltimore, MD; “Connecting with Wood,” workshopattendee (Fine Arts Work Center, Provincetown, MA).
+2006 - Pottery research travel to Japan.
+2007 - Kinetic Sculpture,” workshop attendee (Truro Center for the Arts, Truro, MA).
+2008 - International artist symposium/residency, Hovinkartano Art Center, Finland.
+1979 - The Artist Foundation Fellowship, Massachusetts Council on the Arts and Humanities
+TEACHING EXPERIENCE
+2002 - Present - Art Institute of Boston at Lesley University, Boston, MA - Adjunct Faculty, Fine Arts, and Clay Studio Supervisor
+2002 - Ceramics Program, Office of the Arts at Harvard, Cambridge, MA - Ceramics Faculty, Summer Session
+1999-2003 - New Art Center, Newton, MA - Ceramics Instructor
+1988-1991 - Ceramics Faculty / Board Member
+1985-86 - Bradford College, Bradford, MA - Adjunct Faculty, Ceramics
+1984-85 - Leventhal-Sidman Jewish Community Center, Newton, MA - Ceramics Instructor
+1982 - Boston University Program in Artisanry, Boston, MA - Ceramics Faculty, Summer Session
+1981-86 - M.I.T. Student Art Association, Cambridge, MA - Ceramics Faculty
+1978 - Radcliffe Pottery Studios, Cambridge, MA - Ceramics Faculty
+COURSES TAUGHT
+- Core Clay, Form Development in Clay, Clay I/II, Intro to 3-D I/II, Conceptual Development II, Formand Finish
+LECTURES, JURYING and CURATING
+2012 - Presenter, International Artist Residency Networking, Community of Scholars Day,
+Lesley University, Cambridge, MA
+2011 - Panelist, 2011 TCE Conference on International Opportunities in the Arts, Boston, MA
+2009 - Freelance curator (w/ Pirjo Heino, Karmela Berg)“Waterfall,” Nave Gallery, Somerville,MA
+2008 - Freelance curator (with Geoffrey Koetsch), “MINDmatters,” Laconia Gallery, Boston, MA
+2007 - Freelance curator (with Geoffrey Koetsch), “Vessel as Metaphor,” Nave Gallery,Somerville, MA
+2006 - Artist’s Gallery Talk, “The Figure Explored,” Dana Hall Gallery, Wellesley, MA
+2001 - “Conversing with Materials,” Slide/Lecture, Radcliffe College, Cambridge, MA
+- “Working in a Series,” Slide/Lecture/ Demo, Newton North High, Newton, MA
+1989 - “Art in Craft Media,” Lecture, New Art Center, Newton, MA
+1984 - Moderator, Panel Discussion on Pottery Cooperatives, NCECA, Boston, MA
+- Juror, Falmouth Art Association
+1981-83 - Outside Reviewer for Graduating Ceramics Students, Massachusetts College of Art, Boston, MA
+INTERNATIONAL ARTIST RESIDENCIES
+- “Sasaran Art Festival – We are Art Together,” Selangor, Malaysia, Dec. 2011
+- “19th European Artists Symposium –World in Change,” Werden-Essen Germany, Aug 2011
+- “Cittaslow Seferihisar” International Symposium of Contemporary Arts, Izmir, Turkey, Oct 2010.
+- “Ludvig International Symposium,” Kendlimajor Art Center, Nagykanizsa, Hungary, June 2010.
+- “Raku Workshop,” Hovinkartano Art Center, Hauho, Finland, May 2010.
+- “Hudek 4th International Art Symposium,” Lojzekova Hiza, Maria Bistrica, Croatia, September 2009.
+- “Neverheard,” Hovinkartano Art Center, Hauho, Finland, July 2008.
+ARTIST COLLABORATIONS
+- Waterfall – An international collaborative exhibition, installation, and performance with Israeli artist, Karmela Berg (film) and Finnish artist, Pirjo Heino (printmaking), at the Nave Gallery in Somerville. Waterfall explores the theme of water as a metaphor for life. Water is seen as transformative and healing, as well as a tangible resource which needs to be protected. The title, Waterfall conveys both the idea of abundant water AND water at risk. Also, a benefit for WaterAid, over 80 artists from 15 countries donated their images of water. The exhibition is listed in the catalog of the TransCultural Exchange’s world-wide project entitled “Here, There and Everywhere: Anticipating the Art of the Future.”
+- Freelance co-curator with Geoffrey Koetsch. Organize interdisciplinary group exhibitions in non-profit venues in the Boston area. Share responsibility for writing exhibition proposals, selecting and communicating with artists, gallery installation, signage, and publicity. Exhibits include: Vessel as Metaphor: Sculpture and Installation, 2007, at The Nave Gallery in Somerville. MIND Matters: An exploration of the mechanisms and mysteries of consciousness, 2008, at the Laconia Gallery in Boston. Both exhibitions earned Meredith Goldstein’s “Quick Pick” in The Boston Globe (Fridays, February 16, 2007 and May 2, 2008 respectively).
+- Transcultural Exchange Tile Project, Destination: The World – 2004 participant in an international tile project, promoting “collaborations between a diverse group of international artists, their communities, non-profit art institutions and the educational sector at a grass roots level.”
+ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE
+- AIB Clay Studio Supervisor
+Responsible for ordering materials, maintaining equipment, and overseeing work-study students. Search committee member for a variety of positions including: AIB Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, Newton Art Center in Newton director, and Marlboro College biology professor. AIB faculty committee member - helped plan new 3-D course, Conceptual Development II, for foundation program. Reviewed portfolios for AIB admissions during National Portfolio Days. Faculty liaison on board of the New Art Center. Long-term planning committee member of the Newton Public Library.
+- Clay Co-op Member
+Six year (1978 -1984) member of Clay Dragon Studios, a pottery cooperative and gallery in Cambridge, MA, Participated in all aspects of operating the cooperative, including policy development, administrative work, and group exhibitions, as well as building studio equipment, and firing and maintaining a reduction kiln.
+CITATIONS / PUBLICATIONS
+- We ART Together – A Malaysian Art Festival, February 2012
+- “MINDmatters,” Cate McQuaid, The Boston Globe, June 2008
+- “The Figure Explored: Contemporary Ceramic Sculpture,” Jim Foritano, Artscope, Issue 09, Oct. 2006
+- “The Uncommon Denominator: A Tribute to Richard Hirsch,” Ellen Schön, Ceramics: Art and Perception, Issue 61, 2005
+- “Tile Project: Destination the World,” Randi Sherman, Ceramics Technical, Issue 21, 2005
+- “Fuller Crafts a Delightful Show of Artisanry,” Cate McQuaid, The Boston Globe, Dec. 2003
+- “Portraits of the Artists,” Matthew Call, The Newton Tab, May 11, 2000
+- “In Newton, The Curious Can Try Curating,” Christine Temin, The Boston Globe, April 26, 2000
+Visit Ellen Schön.
+
+NORTHBOROUGH Peters, Irene V. (Rost), 87. August 31, 2007, St. Marks Church, 27 Main St., Southborough. Died Tuesday, August 28, 2007. Funeral Home: Morris Funeral Home, 40 Main St., Southborough.
+Symbols Of The Four Gospels The Four Gospels Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. In this vision, Ezekiel saw four faces: the face of a man, the face of a lion, the face of an ox and the face of an eagle. These four faces were the symbols of these four tribes of Israel. The lion was the symbol of the.
+SOUTHBOROUGH Balabanis, Ernest A. funeral service 10:30 a.m. Tuesday, December 18, 2007, St. Peter’s Church, Church Avenue, Northbridge. Died Thursday, December 13, 2007. Funeral Home: Callahan and.
+Funeral Home: Morris Funeral Home 40 Main St., Southborough SPENCER Miranda. Funeral service 10 am Saturday, February 25 2017 Saint Peter’s Church. Funeral Home: Mercadante Funeral Home & Chapel.
+This year, the folks at St. Peter-Marian Central Catholic High School are beginning. 6:30 p.m. Wednesdays — Wednesday Night 5K Fun Run, Old Timer, 155 Church St., Clinton. Info: (978) 235-1058,
+Pagadian Hymn Lyrics Things to Do in Pagadian City, Philippines: See TripAdvisor’s 14 reviews & photos of 14 Pagadian City attractions. Tagbilaran, officially the City of Tagbilaran, (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Tagbilaran), or simply known as Tagbilaran City, is a 3rd class city and capital of the province of Bohol, Philippines.According to the 2015 census, it has a population
+She was a regular communicant at St. Peter’s Church. She is survived by two sons, Wayne F. McDonald and his wife, Christina, of Kingston, New York; and Alan J. McDonald and his wife, Wendy, of..
+Funeral service 10 a.m. Saturday, April 24, 2010, Memorial service in the Christ Memorial Episcopal Church, 133 Main St., North Brookfield Funeral Home: Pillsbury Funeral Home, 133 Main St., North.
+Calling hours, 2-4, 6-8 p.m. Tuesday, November 25, 2008, at the funeral home; funeral service 10 a.m. Wednesday, November 26, 2008, Mass in Saint Peter’s Catholic Church. 648 Main St., Shrewsbury.
+Mike Rusbridge, ward councillor for Southborough North, passed away at Hospice in the Weald on Friday, May 31 after losing his battle with cancer. His funeral service will be held at St Peter’s Church.
+Southborough (St Peters) Churchyard, Southborough, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Records:. Images:. Cemetery page showing maps, records, and images of headstones in the Southborough (St Peters) Churchyard, Southborough, Kent, England, United Kingdom | BillionGraves Cemetery and Images. Get the BillionGraves app now and help collect images for this cemetery!
+A member of the Tunbridge Wells Community Policing Team spotted the man close to St Peter’s Church in London Road shortly after 8.15am. Due to concerns for the man’s welfare ambulance crews were.
+SOUTHBOROUGH — Alison Hart. He is employed by Meditech. An August 2014 wedding at St. Ignatius Church in Newton is planned. Laura Gill and Matthew Brennan NORFOLK, Conn./HOLLISTON — The parents of.
+Photo of Southborough, St Peter’s Church 1896. Photo of Southborough, St Peter’s Church 1896, from The Francis Frith Collection. FRANCIS FRITH. Sign-in or Register. Gift Cards Help Customer Services US ($) Choose A Francis Frith Shop UK (£) For UK & International delivery US ($) For US/Canada delivery. 0 Items: Checkout
+Mary Katherine Weller and Peter Billman-Golemme exchanged wedding vows on. were married July 19, 2008, at St. Matthew Church in Southborough. The bride was given in marriage by her father, and the.
+Joe Mcelderry Hear My Prayer This year, culprits include Canadian crooner Michael Bublé, Sir Bruce Forsyth, teen hero Justin Bieber and X Factor singer Joe McElderry — each and every. determined to please — just the way I like. Despite this year’s unsuccessful attempt to secure AC/DC’s "Highway to Hell" the top spot, in 2009, Rage Against the Machine’s "Killing
+St Thomas Church, Pennington Road, Southborough is an Anglican Parish Church in the Rochester Diocese of the church of England, which has regular sung Eucharistic services.
+St Matthew’s Church, Southborough is located in Kent of England state. On the street of High Brooms Road To communicate or ask something with the place, the Phone number is 01892 618108.
+Southborough Team Ministry comprises of the neighbouring churches of Christ Church – Southborough, St Lawrence – Bidborough, St Matthew’s – High Brooms and St Peter’s – Southborough. Bound together with a common mission, the churches work closely with each other serving the Lord and meeting the needs of our local community.
+St Peter welcomes Christians and those who seek to understand Christianity in the Southborough area. Our aim is to make contact with and encourage others to join us in our life-enhancing Christian journey. St Peter at Southborough, Kent is a friendly Christian community where we welcome others to join us in our worship and service to God. Our emphasis is on learning and understanding the Bible.
+This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons.Information from its description page there is shown below. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help.
+St. Peter’s Church. Died Thursday, January 23. Funeral Home: Morris Funeral Home 40 Main St, Southborough OAKHAM Reynolds, Thomas 71. Calling hours 4-7 pm Thursday, January 30, 2014. at the funeral.
+St Peter’s Church, Southborough, Kent, UK seen in the snow from Southborough Common. The Hand and Sceptre public house and hotel at Southborough, Kent, UK. St Peter’s Church, Southborough, Kent in the snow. Bins with cardboard for recycling awaiting collection outside house on upmarket estate, Southborough, Kent, England.
+Groomsmen were Peter Michaud, friend of the groom. were married Oct. 6, 2012, at St. Mark’s Church in Southborough. The bride was given in marriage by her father, and the Rev. Philip Label.
+She was born in Southborough, Mass. Services will be at 10:30 a.m. Monday at Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Cottage Street, Danbury. Burial will be in St. Peters Cemetery, Danbury. Calling hours.
+St Peter’s Church, Southborough..
+Find the perfect st peters church southborough stock photo. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. No need to register, buy now!
+In 1950, he became the rector of St. Mark’s Church in Southborough, MA, where he served for 35 years. and London, England, Dr. Peter Storkerson of Champaign, IL, Kristine Winnicki of Chester, VT,
+St Thomas Church, Pennington Road, Southborough is an Anglican Parish Church in the Rochester Diocese of the church of England, which has regular sung Eucharistic services.
+Father O’Donoghue graduated from St. Peter’s High School and St. Anselm College in. a priest in the Diocese of Worcester before retiring in 1997. St. Matthew’s Parish in Southborough was his last.
+Lives of Consequence is a comprehensive $115 million fundraising initiative that will empower St. Mark’s School to deliver an education focused on the intellectual, character, and leadership development of our students—enabling them to grow into citizens who not only do well, but who also assume a lifelong commitment to do good.
+Spiritual Yoga Retreats India Jul 1, 2015. Undoubtedly one of the best Yoga and Meditation Retreats in India. Isha Yoga consists of a holistic approach that unites the mind, body and. At Yogamatters, we’re fortunate to have 6 yoga teachers working at the Head Office in London! These individuals work on. Take for example, this recent news item about
+Population Of Religions In The World Hinduism is one of the most geographically concentrated of the major world religions—of the world’s 1.12 billion Hindus, 1.07 billion live in India and Nepal. The sheer number of practitioners, however, makes Hinduism the world’s third largest religion. KARACHI: When most people think of the Mughals, they think of South Asia at its cultural and
+St Peter’s Church – Southborough The Rectory 86 Prospect Road Southborough TN4 0EG By Phone General enquiries: 01892 528534 Weddings & Baptism enquiries: 01892 513680 Church Office (Tues 1.00-4.00pm, Thurs/Fri 9.00-1.30pm) By Email General Enquiries Email: [email protected] Team Vicar Rev Stephen Hills Curate Rev Nigel Griffiths
+A funeral Mass was on Monday, Nov. 10, at 10 a.m. at St. Matthew Church, Highland Street, Southborough. Burial followed in Rural. Danny Jusseaume of Marlborough, Darlene and Peter Bradley.
+St Thomas Church, Pennington Road, Southborough is an Anglican Parish Church in the Rochester Diocese of the church of England, which has regular sung Eucharistic services.
+An up-to-the-minute guide to the historic ceremony in Rome
+HIGHLIGHTS
+- John XXIII and John Paul II have been canonised in first double papal canonisation in history
+- Pope Francis read a formula of canonisation, enrolling two popes among the saints
+- The Pope Emeritus concelebrated at the ceremony as well
+LIVE UPDATES
+11:13 Thank you for following this live blog. We wish you a happy and holy Sunday.
+11:09 Pope Francis gives the final Blessing and ends with the dismissal: “Go forth, the Mass is ended, alleluia, alleluia.” All reply: “Thanks be to God, alleluia, alleluia.”
+11:08 The Regina caeli is also said in place of the Angelus during Eastertide..
+11:05 And here’s the latest on numbers:
+So it seems, expected crowd turnout for #2popesaints has fallen well short of earlier projections – most estimates now running in 1mil range
+— Rocco Palmo (@roccopalmo) April 27, 2014
+11:04 Pope Francis gives a brief Allocution before the recitation of the Regina cæli led by Pope Francis.
+11:03 Pope Francis says the Prayer after Communion:
+Grant, we pray, almighty God, that our reception of this paschal Sacrament may have a continuing effect in our minds and hearts.Through Christ our Lord.
+11:01 Thank God for our priests:
+Moved a bit to tears. Unexpectedly, two priests brought communion to media center so we are part of Mass. Long days; stress. But communion!
+— Joshua McElwee (@joshjmac) April 27, 2014
+11:00 A period of silence follows Communion.
+10:59 A good question for those watching at the cinema today:
+Communion now.what's the etiquette in the cinema? #2popesaints #canonisationsRome2014
+— Jo-Anne Rowney (@JoAnneRowney) April 27, 2014
+10:58 John Paul II’s homily at canonisation of St Faustina Kowalska can be read in full here:
+10:55 “You know it’s not true to say that the Spirit assists the Pope. The Holy Spirit doesn’t help the Pope. I’m simply his helper. He did everything. The Council is his idea.” (Pope John XXIII)
+10:52 In May 1981 a Turkish terrorist named Ali Acga shot John Paul II in St Peter’s Square on the Feast Day of Our Lady of Fatima. Having survived this attack, John Paul II said: “One hand fired the gun but Our Lady’s hand guided the bullet.” In the Christmas of 1983, Pope John Paul II visited his assassin in jail and forgave him.
+10:51 Saint John Paul II was the first non-Italian Pope for 450 years. 8 months after his election John Paul II returned to visit his homeland. The Soviet government imposed media restrictions on the event but a 30-foot high crucifix was erected in Warsaw’s Victory Square and the new Pope celebrated Mass for 300,000 people. John Paul II is regarded as instrumental in Communism’s subsequent collapse.
+10:49 Saint John XXIII chose to preach a homily at his coronation Mass although this had never been done before. During his homily he said: “There are those who expect the pontiff to be a statesman, a diplomat, a scholar, the organizer of the collective life of society, or someone whose mind is attuned to every form of modern knowledge. The new Pope through the events and circumstances of his life, is like the son of Jacob who, meeting with his brothers burst into tears and said, ‘I am Joseph, your brother.’”
+10:47 Before his election in October 1958, a Frenchman named Gaston Bardet told Angelo Roncalli 4 years earlier that he would be elected Pope, take the name John and told him that his papacy would be marked by ‘doctrinal interventions and disciplinary reforms.’ Cardinal Roncalli was very troubled by this at the time and told Bardet that he was ‘the victim of a serious and dangerous hallucination.’ Roncalli wrote in a letter to his sister Maria in 1955: ‘Some mad Frenchman who has revelations and second sight, has even given the name I will take when they make me pope. Mad, mad, the whole lot of them.’
+10:46 Holy Communion is now distributed.
+10:44 What’s the weather like in Rome today?
+storm clouds gather in Rome but rain holds off over #stpeters for #2popesaints mass with @Pontifex and circa 1 million pilgrims
+— emer mccarthy (@emfmcc) April 27, 2014
+10:33 We will now pause our live blogging for this most solemn part of the Mass.
+10:30 There are 150 cardinals, 700 bishops and many more clergy concelebrating with Pope Francis today.
+10:28 The Liturgy of the Eucharist begins.
+10:25 How many people are in St Peter’s Square today?
+Vatican is saying 800,000 people in Rome for the canonization of two popes. Trying to get through the crowd today, it felt like more.
+— John Thavis (@JohnThavis) April 27, 2014
+10:22 The Offertory procession begins. The Schola sings the Offertory Chant:
+“The angel of the Lord, descending from heaven, said to the women, ‘Whom you are looking for has risen, as he said he would, alleluia.”
+10:21 There will now be a series of petitions in different languages. The first petition is in Spanish:
+Father, through the prayers of the blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph, make your Church radiant with the beauty of new life; in her may all people encounter Jesus risen and alive.
+The second petition is in Arabic:
+Father, through the prayers of the apostles and evangelists, pour out your Spirit on sinners and those led astray; in their dark night may they encounter Jesus risen and alive.
+Let us pray to the Lord. Lord, hear our prayer.
+The third petition is in English:
+Father, through the prayers of the martyrs and confessors of the faith, keep holy our brothers and sisters reborn in the Easter sacraments; in them may all people know the presence of Jesus risen and alive.
+The fourth petition is in Chinese:
+Let us pray to the Lord. Lord, hear our prayer. Father, through the prayers of St John XXIII, help the leaders of nations, in their thoughts and decisions, to reject every escalation of hatred and violence; may all human relations reveal the victory of Jesus risen and live.
+The fifth petition is in French:
+Father, through the prayers of St John Paul II, continue to inspire a passionate commitment to human dignity among men and women of culture, science and government; in every person may honour be given to Jesus risen and alive.
+10:19 Here is the full text of Pope Francis’s homily at today’s ceremony.
+10:12 The Creed is now sung in Latin.
+10:10 A moment of silence now follows.
+10:07 In convening Vatican 2 John XXIII showed an “exquisite openess” to the Holy Spirit. This was his great service to the Church. “I like to think of him as being the Pope of Openess to the Spirit.” Pope Francis describes Saint John Paul II as the Pope of the Family.
+10:06 The two papal saints lived through tragedy but were not overwhelmed by them. For them faith and the mercy of God was more powerful and the closeness of Mary our Mother.
+10:03 He says this Sunday we observe “the glorious wounds of the risen Jesus.” The wounds of Jesus are a stumbling block for faith but also a test. That’s why Christ’s wounds remain as they are the enduring sign of Christ’s love for us.
+10:02 Pope Francis will now deliver his homily.
+09:55 The same Gospel is read in Greek now to demonstrate the universality of the Church.
+09:53 Michael Kelly reveals the prayer cards distributed to pilgrims:
+Inside of the prayer card being distributed to all pilgrims #2popesaints pic.twitter.com/iYcVHNtFK8
+— Michael Kelly (@MichaelKellyIC) April 27, 2014
+09:49 Today is Divine Mercy Sunday in honour of St Faustina. St Faustina is a Polish nun who was canonised by Pope John Paul II. John Paul II instigated her Cause for Canonisation as Bishop of Krakow. She was born on August 25 1905 in Głogowiec and died on October 5 1938 in Kraków, Poland. Throughout her life she reported having visions of Jesus and conversations with him, which she wrote about in The Diary of Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska: Divine Mercy in My Soul.
+09:46 The Gospel according to John, is read in Latin, the universal language of the Church. The translation can be found here.
+09:44 The Schola and the assembly now sing the Sequence in Latin:!
+09:41 The Second Reading is from the first letter of St Peter and is read in Polish in honour of Saint John Paul II. The translation can be found here.
+09:38 The Responsorial Psalm is now sung in Italian:
+.’
+I was thrust,.”
+09:37 The Liturgy of the Word now begins with the First Reading, from the Acts of the Apostles, in Italian in honour of Saint John XXIII. The translation can be found here.
+09:34 The people of Poland are out in force today:
+Polish Pope Pride #2popesaints #fourpopes pic.twitter.com/HPvBl0EVYU
+— Greg Burke (@GregBurkeRome) April 27, 2014
+09:32 And here’s the latest on the Pope Emeritus:
+Pope Benedict looks almost radiantly happy as he sings.
+— Elizabeth Scalia (@TheAnchoress) April 27, 2014
+09:30 Here’s a good image of reliquaries:
+The two reliquaries holding the relics of the 2 new saints: pic.twitter.com/S1I9OP5O0C
+— GCatholic.org (@gcatholic) April 27, 2014
+09:28: The Gloria is now sung.
+09:27 The Cardinal Prefect addresses Pope Francis, saying:
+“Most Holy Father, in the name of Holy Church I thank Your Holiness for making this proclamation and humbly request that you decree that the Apostolic Letter concerning the act of Canonisation be drawn up.”
+The Pope replies: “We so decree.”
+09:20 The relics of each saint are now being presented to the Pope. Four nieces and nephews of John XXIII present the relics of the late pope, and for John Paul II, Floribeth Mora Diaz, who was miraculously healed on account of John Paul II’s intercession.
+09:16: The formula of canonisation read by Pope Franc.”
+09:14 Third Petition is read by the Cardinal Prefect: “Most Holy Father, Holy Church, trusting in the Lord’s promise to send upon her the Spirit of Truth, who in every age keeps the supreme Magisterium immune from error, most earnestly beseeches Your Holiness to enroll these, her elect, among the Saints.”
+09:13 The Schola sings the ancient hymn, “Veni, Creator Spiritus”, invoking the Holy Spirit.
+.”
+09:12 The First Petition is read. Cardinal Angelo Amato, prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of the saints, accompanied by the postulators of John XXIII and John Paul II, addresses the Holy Father with these words in Latin:
+“Most Holy Father, Holy Mother Church earnestly beseeches Your Holiness to enroll Blessed John XXIII and John Paul II among the Saints, that they may be invoked as such by all the Christian faithful.”
+Pope Francis then responds, also in Latin:
+“Dear brothers, let us lift up our prayers to God the Father Almighty through Jesus Christ, that through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary and all his Saints he may sustain with his grace the act which we now solemnly undertake.”
+The Pontiff then prays:
+“We ask you, Lord, graciously to accept the prayers of your people, that our devoted service may be pleasing to you and contribute to the growth of your Church. Through Christ our Lord.”
+The Second Petition is read. The Cardinal Prefect says:
+“Most Holy Father, strengthened by unanimous prayer, Holy Church more earnestly beseeches Your Holiness to enroll these, her children, among the Saints.”
+Pope Francis replies:
+“Let us, then, invoke the Holy Spirit, the Giver of life, that he may enlighten our minds and that Christ the Lord may not permit his Church to err in a matter of such importance.”
+09:05 Pope Francis has just arrived at the ceremony.
+09:02 The main celebrants at the altar today will be Cardinals Angelo Soldano, Giovanni Battista Re, Stanislaw Dziwisz and the Bishop of Bergamo, the diocese of John XXIII.
+08:57 The Litany of the Saints is about to be sung. This is why:
+In Catholic tradition, the Litany of the Saints calls on the intercession of all the holy women and men in heaven #2popesaints
+— Michael Kelly (@MichaelKellyIC) April 27, 2014
+08:56 Karol Józef Wojtyła was born on May 18 1920 in the Polish town of Wadowice. He was only 38 when he was appointed Bishop of Krakow. When he said that he was too young to be a bishop, Cardinal Wyszynski replied: “That is a weakness of which we are all quickly cured.”
+08:52 A veteran Vatican-watcher explains the significance of Benedict XVI’s mitre:
+Wearing damasked miter – per tradition for cardinals, not just any (US) bishop – B16 arrives at Canonization: pic.twitter.com/0QLfQjgYjA
+— Rocco Palmo (@roccopalmo) April 27, 2014
+08:47 Saint John XXIII was born Angelo Roncalli in November 1881 and was the fourth of 14 children. He grew up in the village of Bergamo in the province of Lombardy, Italy. His family worked as sharecroppers which was typical of most people in the region. Before he was elected Pope, he held diplomatic posts in Bulgaria, France and Turkey and was made Patriarch of Venice before his election in 1958.
+08:40 The Pope Emeritus has just arrived at the canonisation ceremony where he will be concelebrating Mass but not necessarily at the altar itself.
+08:39 Welcome to the Catholic Herald’s live blog where we will bring you all the latest updates on this historic moment in the life of the Church.
+Article Text.
+- ethnicity
+- cohort
+- growth
+- later CVD risk
+- overweight
+-
+Determinants of young Adult Social well-being and Health (DASH) is one of the few cohorts with an ethnically diverse composition in their 20s, a time when physical health is at its peak, yet when early signs of disease begin to appear.
+DASH has high retention rates and provides a comprehensive picture of the ethnic patterning of growth from early adolescence.
+It is the first UK study, as yet from a pilot follow-up, to report a prospective association between adiposity measures and cardiovascular disease risk from early adolescence to early adulthood in an ethnically diverse cohort.
+The lack of data before age 11 years, blood biomarkers only at 21–23 years and pilot sample size at 21–23 years are limitations.
+Introduction
+The UK has a rapidly growing ethnically diverse population. In the 2011 Census, the non-White British population in the UK was 20% of the population and 55% in London. The public health implications are significant given the well-documented ethnic disparities in cardiometabolic disease. People of South Asian or Black African descent have, respectively, fourfold and threefold elevated risks of diabetes compared with White Europeans.1 ,2 Risks of hypertension and stroke are also greater in these groups, but while South Asians also experience higher rates of coronary disease, people of Black African origin are protected. There is increasing evidence that ethnic differences in risk factors such as blood pressure (BP) emerge in childhood with greater metabolic sensitivity to adiposity than Whites3 including from infancy to 3-year-old.4–6 Black African and Black Caribbean girls are more likely to be overweight, and Indian girls to have larger waists (adjusted for height) in childhood compared with their White UK counterparts. Ethnic differences in cardiovascular (CV) health also persist after adjustment for measures for socioeconomic circumstances (SEC). However, considerable debate continues as to whether the association is causal, particularly as most studies are cross-sectional.
+Obesity, and its metabolic and haemodynamic consequences, underpins a significant proportion of adult ill health. The Foresight Obesity project forecasted that by 2050, 60% of men and 50% of women will be obese, with growing ethnic disparities projected. The impact of obesity acquired during rapid somatic growth on cardiometabolic disease is unclear, and the tracking of obesity from adolescence into early adulthood may account better for ethnic differences in disease. In the pilot follow-up of our Determinants of young Adult Social well-being and Health (DASH) study, we used an initial panel of biomarkers, traditional and novel, neither often measured at this age. Lipid profiles and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c by which type 2 diabetes can now be defined) were included. Inflammation in adipose tissue is likely to play a key role in vascular damage preceding overt diabetes.7 ,8 Allostatic load (AL), a cluster of several risk markers, is proposed as a biological link accounting for Black–White/socioeconomic disparities in morbidity and mortality in the USA, representing the cumulative dysregulation of biological systems. It is patterned by social determinants (eg, ethnicity, education) and prospectively predicts mortality as well as cognitive and physical decline.9 ,10 Studies of ethnic differences in AL are mainly US-based, where Black–White disparity emerges by 35 years, 5 years earlier than for the UK Black Caribbeans.11 We recently showed that by age 30 years, most ethnic minority groups had higher AL than their general population peers, and that living in deprived neighbourhoods was associated with greater biological wear and tear, independent of individual SEC.11
+There are few cohorts with an ethnically diverse composition in early adulthood, a time when physical health is at its peak, yet when early signs of disease begin to appear. Studies that tracked growth from childhood and collected biomarkers and vascular measures are mainly of White Europeans with few in Europe varying in ethnic make-up.12 ,13 The DASH study, established in 2002, has followed health and social exposures of over 6000 young Londoners (UK), including 80% ethnic minorities, over the last 12 years. A pilot follow-up study of the cohort, now in their early 20s, was recently completed. Here, we examine pilot-study phenotypes for potential ethnic patterns from early adolescence to early 20s in (1) body size and BP trajectories; (2) the influence of body size on BP and on vascular biomarkers (HbA1c, total (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and AL) and (3) whether gender and SEC influenced ethnic variations in risks.
+Materials and methods
+Details of the DASH study can be found elsewhere.14 In 2002–2003, a total of 6643 students, aged 11–13 years, from 51 secondary schools in 10 London boroughs, took part at baseline. In 2005–2006, 4785 (88% of children in 49 schools, 72% of the initial cohort) participated in the first follow-up aged 14–16 years. A 10% subsample (N=665, 97% participation rate) took part in the pilot follow-up completed in March 2014. The subsample consisted of 107 White UK, 102 Black Caribbean, 132 Black African, 99 Indian, 111 Bangladeshi or Pakistani and 115 other (mainly mixed) ethnicities. We first tried to locate the sample and 81% (5414 of 6643) of the cohort was traced through friendship networks, social media, and community campaigns. We then randomly selected 100 (50 per gender) in each in ethnic group, and pragmatically attempted, by repeated random selection, to ensure representation across the London boroughs, schools and SEC at 11–13 years.
+Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Ethnicity was self-reported, checked against reported parental ethnicity and grandparents' country of birth. Bangladeshis and Pakistanis were combined due to small sample sizes.
+Body size, biological and social measures
+Field staff were trained for 1 week prior to the start of fieldwork, and were recertified at 6-monthly intervals. Equipment was calibrated regularly by the field supervisors. During adolescence, assessments were conducted in schools and at 21–23 years, in community locations (eg, local general practitioner's surgeries, local community pharmacies, King’s College London).
+Body Mass Index (BMI) can underestimate body fat among South Asians and overestimate among African-origin populations.15 In the absence of bioelectrical impedance at all ages, we used waist to height ratio (WHtR) and overweight/obesity status (referred to as overweight hereafter). Height was measured using portable stadiometers, to the nearest 0.1 cm and weight using Salter electronic scales, to the nearest 0.1 kg. In adolescence, participants were classified as normal weight, overweight or obese using the International Obesity Task Force, based on the 1990 British growth reference curves.16 At 21–23 years, overweight was classified as a BMI of 25–29.9 kg/m2, obese a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2. Waist circumference (cm) was measured midway between the 10th rib and the top of the iliac crest, and 0.5 cm subtracted to correct for measurement over T-shirt or vest. The mean of two duplicate measures was derived for the WHtR.
+BP was measured using validated OMRON M5–1 instruments and appropriately sized cuffs, after sitting quietly for a timed 5 min, with >1 min between three subsequent readings. The mean of the second and third readings was used in analysis. A 25 mL blood sample was taken by venepuncture at 21–23 years. We examined the following seven biomarkers: systolic blood pressure (sBP), diastolic blood pressure (dBP), WHtR, BMI, TC, HDL cholesterol and HbA1c. These biomarkers were used to create AL, based on the highest risk quartile values of the sample distribution.17 A biomarker reading beyond the threshold (<25th centile for HDL cholesterol, >75th centile for all other biomarkers) was assigned one point, corresponding to thresholds of: sBP 121/dBP 77 mm Hg; BMI 26.8 kg/m2; WHtR male 0.89, female 0.86; TC 4.8 mmol/L; HDL cholesterol 1.8 mmol/L; HbA1c 37.0 mmol/mol. AL score was derived by summing the points.
+A self-complete questionnaire measured smoking, SEC (as family affluence and parental employment in adolescence, own education and employment at 21–23 years).
+Statistical analysis
+Continuous variables (sBP, dBP, WHtR, BMI, TC, HDL cholesterol and HbA1c) did not require transformation as the Shapiro-Wilk test indicated normal distributions. All models were gender-stratified. We first examined potential effects of age (used as single years) and ethnicity, adjusted for each other, on outcomes. Ethnic-specific effects were tested using interaction terms ethnicity × age and ethnicity × adiposity. Measures of adiposity (WHtR, overweight) were added to the core model with age and ethnicity, using separate models for each adiposity measure. Models were gender-stratified. Social correlates (SEC, smoking) were added to the models only if they were statistically significant in univariable analyses and where the log likelihood ratios indicated better fitted models.
+Mixed-effects models examined longitudinal outcomes for sBP and adiposity measures (WHtR—linear models, overweight/obese vs normal weight—logistic models). Linear regression models were used for HbA1c, HDL, TC and AL. Two sets of models were run. The first set was with adiposity measures at 11–13 years to examine whether, at this critical period of adolescence, there was an association with biomarkers at 21–23 years. The second investigated the influence of change in adiposity measures between 11–13 years and 21–23 years. Stata V.13 was used for all analyses. Missing data among continuous variables were <5% for BP and anthropometric variables (N=664 for mixed-effects models with BP as outcome) and 24% for blood biomarkers (N=502 for linear regression models). Missing data for categorical covariates were coded and included in the analyses. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05.
+Results
+Table 1 shows distributions by social correlates, ethnicity and age. Ethnic minorities were generally less likely to smoke, Black Africans least. Completion of a degree did not vary significantly, despite more socioeconomic disadvantage in adolescence among the ethnic minority groups.
+Descriptive profile of longitudinal pilot follow-up sample: percentage (95% CI) by ethnicity
+Ethnic patterns in body size and BP trajectories from early adolescence to early 20s
+Figure 1 and online supplementary table S1 show CV markers by ethnicity and gender.
+supplementary data
+Waist to height ratio, per cent of overweight/obese and systolic blood pressure by age and ethnicity for males and females: means/percentage and 95% CIs adjusted for gender and ethnicity. BA, Black African; BC, Black Caribbean; PB, Pakistani/Bangladeshi.
+At 11–13 years, Black Caribbeans and Black Africans were 2–3 cm taller, Indians ∼5 cm shorter and Pakistanis/Bangladeshis ∼2 cm shorter than White UK. At 14–16 and 21–23 years, however, the White UK–ethnic minority difference was evident only for South Asians, who remained shorter (see online supplementary table S1).
+Figure 1 and online supplementary table S1 show that from adolescence there was a pattern of more overweight/obesity for Black Caribbeans and Black Africans than their White UK peers. In every ethnic group, for males and females, there was a marked increase in WHtR between 14–16 years and 21–23 years, significantly more for Pakistanis/Bangladeshis than for White UK. sBP rose more in males than females. While sBP rose more in adolescence between 14–16 years and 21–23 years for Black Caribbean and Black African males, the opposite was observed for White UK.
+At 21–23 years, compared with their White UK peers, mean HbA1c was higher among Black Caribbean females, mean TC higher among Pakistani/Bangladeshi males and mean HDL cholesterol lower among Indian and Pakistani/Bangladeshi males (see online supplementary table S1).
+The influence of body size on BP and biomarkers
+Table 2 shows the influence of longitudinal measures of WHtR and overweight from 11–13 years to 21–23 years on sBP by gender. These indices were independent longitudinal correlates of sBP (and dBP—see online supplementary table S2). For example, between 11–13 years and 21–23 years overweight among females was associated with an average rise of +2.89 mm Hg (1.43–4.34) in sBP, and +3.09 (1.70–4.48) for dBP (see online supplementary table S2) compared with normal weight. The addition of SEC or smoking did not substantively change the results in the models for BP. Despite more overweight among females than males from adolescence, in gender-adjusted models, mean sBP was lower (−7.95 mm Hg, 95% CI −9.10 to −6.79). In these models with additional adjustments, the pattern of generally lower sBP for many ethnic minority groups was observed before and after adjustment for the different adiposity indices.
+Systolic blood pressure from adolescence to early adulthood for males and females: association with longitudinal measures of adiposity*
+Tables 3 (males) and 4 (females) show the influence of WHtR and overweight status at 11–13 years on per unit change in vascular biomarkers at 21–23 years, by gender. Adiposity at 11–13 years was related to three (AL, HbA1c, HDL cholesterol) of four biomarkers. The corresponding results for change in adiposity are in online supplementary table S3 and online supplementary table S4. Increasing WHtR was associated with a decrease in HDL cholesterol and an increase in TC, and overweight at 11–13 years and 21–23 years with a decrease in HDL cholesterol (see online supplementary table S3). The unadjusted ethnic and gender patterns largely remained after adjustment for adiposity. In all of these models, there were no discernible ethnic-specific effects as tested by the interactions ethnicity × age, and ethnicity × adiposity measure.
+Males: the influence of adiposity at 11–13 years on biomarkers at 21–23 years*
+Females: the influence of adiposity at 11–13 years on biomarkers at 21–23 years in the DASH study*
+Discussion
+This is the first UK study, as yet from a pilot follow-up, to report a prospective association between adiposity measures and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk from early adolescence to early adulthood in an ethnically diverse cohort. At 11–13 years, 30% of the follow-up sample was overweight/obese compared with 39% at 21–23 years, with a larger increase between 14–16 years and 21–23 years than between 11–13 years and 14–16 years. There was a striking steady increase in smoking from early adolescence. Ethnic patterns in BP and vascular biomarkers varied by gender, and were unaltered after adjustment for adiposity or social factors. Of note was that from early adolescence, Black Caribbeans and Black Africans were more likely to be overweight than their White UK peers, with Black Caribbean females also having a higher HbA1c at 21–23 years. Regardless of ethnicity, adiposity measures were related to sBP at each age, and adiposity measures at 11–13 years were related to the AL, HbA1c and HDL at 21–23 years.
+Growth acceleration for ethnic minorities from a young age may have had some impact. The Millennium Cohort Study showed accelerated growth from birth for ethnic minority children who were not preterm or small for dates.18 Black Caribbean babies were about 150 g lighter than their White British peers but by age 3 years they were about 1 kg heavier and 2 cm taller. Indian babies were about 290 g lighter at birth, showed a similar trend of growth acceleration such that by 5 years they were of similar weight and height. At ages <11 years, cross-sectional studies have shown that Black African-origin children are ∼3 cm taller and heavier and South Asians ∼2 cm shorter and lighter than Whites in Britain.3 ,19 In DASH, the taller heights of the Black Caribbean and Black Africans at 11–13 years but not at 14–16 years5 or 21–23 years support accelerated growth patterning prior to 11–13 years. South Asians remained shorter at 21–23 years than White UK, a pattern consistent with other studies of young children.19 The larger body size for Black Caribbeans and Black Africans also correspond with other studies.18 ,20
+Childhood growth acceleration is associated with later obesity and CVD, via mechanisms including rises in BP, types of fat deposition as well as perhaps insulin resistance. Differential growth and metabolic factors between birth and 3 years of age between South Asians and Europeans suggest insulin levels change after those of adiposity, as also shown by adiponectin concentrations.4 That remains our hypothesis,21 not least because ‘insulin resistance’ fails to predict coronary heart disease (CHD), its excess or other vascular events in South Asians,22 or in other insulin resistance syndromes.23 Growth acceleration in infancy may be a critical period,24 as may be the ‘adiposity rebound’, thought to be around ages 5–8 years but often earlier in poorer, marginally or undernourished communities.25 Early studies in marginally nourished settings in Jamaica showed at ages 0–5 year that height and weight lagged 25% centile points behind Boston, USA, standards of the time.26 That study is probably representative of parents and their children who would be the grandparents and parents who migrated to Britain as the forebears of the Caribbean-origin sample here. Similarly, early child cohorts show the impact on child growth and early mortality, mostly from malaria, in West Africa. Over 50 years ago, infants, universally breast fed, gained weight and height similarly to the UK children for the first 6 months, then when weaned, growth faltered, although in the Gambian setting without overt malnutrition.27 Recent studies in Nigeria, with parasitaemia examined throughout pregnancy, suggest that birth dimensions were lower and infant BP by age 1 year had climbed faster, even adjusting for catch-up growth.28 Postnatal child growth is also affected by other inherent (eg, haemoglobin genotype) exposure to obesogenic neighbourhoods (eg, high density of fast food outlets),29 earlier maturation and mixed feeding as infants.
+The ethnic-specific blood biomarker profiles suggest changing lipid profiles among Black Caribbeans. Earlier studies of adult migrant Caribbeans,2 ,30 and those in the Caribbean,31 ,32 showed lipid profiles that were protective of CHD—lower total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and higher HDL cholesterol. Fasting bloods were not taken in DASH but total and HDL cholesterol, unaffected by fasting, were not different from White UK. This is consistent with previous reports of lipid profiles among 9–10 year-old33 and 35–44 year-old UK-born Black Caribbeans. The lower HDL cholesterol among South Asian males indicates some continuity of patterns for these groups. Contrary to what could be expected from the US-based studies and our own of 35–54-year-olds,34 ethnic differences in AL were not evident in early 20s. This raises questions about what might be mitigating biological ‘wear and tear’ in the context of disproportionate exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage and obesity from a younger age. Physical activity in the 20s (as measured by accelerometry) may have a protective effect.35
+DASH contains a diverse sample, has high retention rates and low item-non-response, mainly due to enormous community support. The lack of data before age 11 years, and blood biomarkers only at 21–23 years, lack of body composition measures at age 11 years, and the small sample sizes for the ethnic groups in the pilot follow-up are limitations. Prior to DASH, a large-scale study with an explicit focus on ethnicity had not been attempted. Our pilot studies in 2001 suggested that response rates would be low if bloods were taken and starting at younger ages would incur a high loss to follow-up between primary and secondary schools. Measuring adiposity in ethnic minorities is not unproblematic but whether ethnic-specific bioelectrical impedance analysis calibration is required continues to be debated.15 ,19 At 21–23 years, fat mass and lean mass were measured using Bodystat 1500MDD. The ethnic patterns in fat mass corresponded to those reported here using anthropometric measures. For example, among females the fat mass indices (kg/m2) were as follows—White UK 6.41 (95% CI 5.50 to 7.32), Black Caribbeans 9.13 (95% CI 7.80 to 10.46), Black Africans 8.01 (95% CI 7.02 to 9.00), Indians 7.71 (95% CI 6.67 to 8.74) and Pakistanis/Bangladeshis 7.43 (95% CI 6.43 to 8.42). The small sample size of the ethnic groups prohibited robust testing of ethnic-specific effects. The primary aims of the pilot follow-up were to locate the diverse groups in the cohort, investigate whether they would participate in a subsequent follow-up study and agree for their parents to be invited to join DASH, and whether they would consent to the different measures, notably the biomarkers. Missing data were low for anthropometry and BP but relatively high for the blood biomarkers which could have introduced bias. Despite these small numbers, these findings in a small age range provide a robust platform for planning future studies.
+A recent stabilisation of obesity rates in children in England is good news but there is no room for complacency. Early adolescent overweight adversely affected CV health of 20-year-olds and overweight increased between late teens and early 20s, regardless of gender or ethnicity. Physical peak is expected in the 20s, a transitional age that is ignored in interventions. Urgent attention is required to prevent diminishing ‘peak’ health in a ‘coming of age’ generation that faces the additional challenges from economic precarity due to the economic recession.
+Acknowledgments
+We acknowledge the invaluable support of participants and their parents, the Participant Advisory Group, schools, civic leaders, local GP surgeries and community pharmacies, the Clinical Research Centre at Queen Mary University of London, the Clinical Research Facility at University College Hospital, the survey assistants and nurses involved in data collection, the Primary Care Research Network, and Professors Sanders and JKC at the Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division at King’s College London for hosting the feasibility study.
+References
+Footnotes
+Twitter Follow Alexis Karamanos @alexkara89
+Contributors SH is the Principal Investigator of DASH, led on the analysis and drafted the first version of the manuscript. UR, ZEE and AC oversaw the conduct of the study, recruitment of participants and collection of data. ORM, MJS and AK conducted the quality assurance of the data and statistical analyses. KC provided expertise in the measurement of arterial stiffness and interpretation of the data. All authors contributed to study design and analyses, and contributed to the development of the manuscript and approved the final version.
+Funding The study was funded by the Medical Research Council (10.13039/N4 501100000265, MC_U130015185/MC_UU_12017/1/ MC_UU_12017/13) North Central London Consortium and the Primary Care Research Network.
+Competing interests None declared.
+Patient consent Obtained.
+Ethics approval The Multicentre Research Ethics Committee (MREC) and NHS Local Research Ethics Committees.
+Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
+Data sharing statement The DASH data are available to researchers via a data request to the MRC Social and Public Health Science Unit. Applications and the data sharing policy for DASH can be found at. It reflects the MRC guidance on data sharing with the aim of making the data as widely and freely available as possible while safeguarding the privacy of participants, protecting confidential data, and maintaining the reputation of the study. All potential collaborators work with a link person, an experienced DASH researcher—to support their access to and analysis of the data. The variable-level metadata is available from the study team and also via the MRC Data.
+Roswellupdate
+Season 0
+- not specified
+2: Actor Audition - Emilie de Ravin as Tess
+- not specified
+3: Area 51 - Behind the Scenes of Roswell
+- not specified
+4: Roswell High - The Making of Roswell
+- not specified
+5: A Little Something Extra For the Fans
+- not specified
+6: Here With Me - The Making of Roswell Season 2
+- not specified
+7: Roswell Season 1 Trailer
+- not specified
+8: Storyboard to Scene
+- not specified
+9: The Art of Composing Roswell
+- not specified
+10: The Shiri and Majandra Show
+- not specified
+11: Class of 2002 - The Making of Roswell Season 3
+- not specified
+12: Roswell Reunion panel at ATX Festival
+- not specified
+13: 'Save Yourself' by Sense Field Music Video
+- not specified
+14: Shiri Appleby's Roswell DVD Tour to Japan
+- not specified
+1: Unaired Pilot
+Liz Parker learns Max Evans' out-of-this-world secret when he saves her life and must rely on her to safeguard his secret as an orphaned extraterrestrial. This is the unaired pilot (a.k.a. uncut pilot) with different background music as well as a few deleted scenes.
+- not specified
+15: Deleted Scenes
+Season 1
+- Wednesday, October 6th, 1999
+1: Pilot
+Liz Parker learns Max Evans' out-of-this-world secret when he saves her life and must rely on her to safeguard his secret as an orphaned extraterrestrial.
+- Wednesday, October 13th, 1999
+2: The Morning After
+Liz tries to maintain her relationship with Kyle despite her deep bond with Max; Michael is obsessed with the idea that there was another alien in Roswell in 1959 and tries to decipher the meaning of the flashes only he sees. Meanwhile, Liz suspects the new guidance counselor Ms. Topolsky is hiding something, especially when she sees her with Michael's file.
+- Wednesday, October 20th, 1999
+3: Monsters
+Isabel is concerned about Maria's nervous reactions to Sheriff Valenti, so she invades one of Maria's dreams to determine whether she can keep the aliens' secret.
+- Wednesday, October 27th, 1999
+4: Leaving Normal
+Liz's grandmother is rushed to the hospital after suffering a stroke prompting Liz to reach out to Max for comfort.
+- Wednesday, November 3rd, 1999
+5: Missing
+Liz discovers her personal journal, which contains all she knows about the aliens, is missing and she fears it has fallen into the hands of someone who could expose the aliens.
+- Wednesday, November 10th, 1999
+6: 285 South
+Micahel's monomaniacal urge to find the geodesic dome that's been stalking his dreams leads him to hijack Maria's car to Texas.
+- Wednesday, November 17th, 1999
+7: River Dog
+Liz and Max journey to an American Indian reservation where they glean information from an elderly tribesman about the alien who vanished in 1959.
+- Wednesday, November 24th, 1999
+8: Blood Brother
+Max is injured in a car accident and Liz pressures Alex to help protect him from medical procedures that could expose his identity by providing blood samples to replace Max's.
+- Wednesday, December 1st, 1999
+9: Heat Wave
+A freak December heat wave hits the town and sparks romance as Michael's relationship with Maria heats up and Liz's infatuation with Max intensifies; meanwhile Isabel enters into one of Alex's dreams only to discover her likeness already there and dancing with Alex.
+- Wednesday, December 15th, 1999
+10: The Balance
+While at the reservation Micael ends up in an alarming hallucinatory state and the others must band together to save his life.
+- Wednesday, January 19th, 2000
+11: Toy House
+When Max rescues his mother from a kitchen fire she faces her suspicions about his extraordinary abilities; Liz reaches out to Kyle in friendship.
+- Wednesday, January 26th, 2000
+12: Into the Woods
+A new UFO sighting sends suspicion and fear through the town and leads Max and Isabel to investigate the incident during a school camping trip.
+- Wednesday, February 2nd, 2000
+13: The Convention
+Max plays host to actor Jonathan Frakes at the annual UFO Convention while trying to avoid the meddlesome couple who witnessed Max's life-saving abilities on Liz at the Crashdown Cafe.
+- Wednesday, February 9th, 2000
+14: Blind Date
+Maria enters Liz in a blind date contest; Max and Kyle commiserate about their shared feelings for Liz; Michael and Isabel send a signal to the fourth alien.
+- Wednesday, February 16th, 2000
+15: Independence Day
+After Michael has a violent showdown with his father, Max and Isabel's father helps Michael set up his emancipation; the fourth alien emerges as a shapeshifter who watches over Max, Michael and Isabel.
+- Wednesday, March 1st, 2000
+16: Sexual Healing
+Liz is unnerved by her strong desire for Max and the visions that come when they kiss - visions that lead to a glowing orb in the desert.
+- Monday, April 10th, 2000
+17: Crazy.
+- Monday, April 17th, 2000
+18: Tess, Lies and Videotape
+Max develops an uncontrollable attraction to Tess that includes intense sexual daydreams, and Sheriff Valenti learns that Topolsky was killed in a suspicious fire. Meanwhile, someone has secretly placed a video camera inside Michael's apartment.
+- Monday, April 24th, 2000
+19: Four Square
+Harding finds the video camera hidden in his house and gives it to Valenti. The lawman then tells Max that his safety depends upon his willingness to share information. Meanwhile, Tess reveals a personal secret to Isabel.
+- Monday, May 1st, 2000
+20: Max to the Max.
+- Monday, May 8th, 2000
+21: The White Room
+Max finds himself in a white room with no windows or doors, facing questions by Agent Pierce. Isabel telepathically contacts Max, who leaves her clues to his location. Michael, Isabel and Tess then set out on a rescue mission.
+- Monday, May 15th, 2000
+22: Destiny
+After.
+Season 2
+- Monday, October 2nd, 2000
+1: Skin and Bones
+Max and the others must rescue Michael after he is arrested for murder; Liz takes a job with a congresswoman who has a hidden agenda.
+- Monday, October 9th, 2000
+2: Ask Not
+Brody Davis, the mysterious new curator at the UFO Museum has the group on edge, and Michael and Isabel plotting his demise.
+- Monday, October 16th, 2000
+3: Surprise
+Isabel is deeply moved when Max throws her a surprise birthday party, but she grows troubled after seeing visions of a bound and gagged Tess. Alex does an interesting cop striptease for Isabel. Congresswoman Whitaker is revealed as Nasedo's killer and as a Skin.
+- Monday, October 23rd, 2000
+4: Summer of '47
+Michael discovers the hidden history behind the 1947 crash when interviewing a World War II survivor for a school project. The story unfolds with familiar faces portraying people in 1947.
+- Monday, October 30th, 2000
+5: The End of the World.
+- Monday, November 6th, 2000
+6: Harvest
+After the death of congresswoman Whitaker, Max and the gang visit her hometown, Copper Summit, Arizona, where they find themselves trapped in enemy territory when they learn the whole town population are Skins.
+- Monday, November 13th, 2000
+7: Wipeout!.
+- Monday, November 20th, 2000
+8: Meet the Dupes
+Duplicate versions of Michael, Isabel and Tess come to Roswell after killing their king Zan, to urge Max to attend an important interstellar summit in New York City, but they have their own agenda; Ava stays behind in Roswell.
+- Monday, November 27th, 2000
+9: Max in the City
+Max.
+- Monday, December 18th, 2000
+10: A Roswell Christmas Carol
+Max witnesses a tragedy and is haunted by the ghost of a man he could have saved, leaving him overwhelmed with guilt and questioning his healing abilities. Isabel aka the Christmas Nazi (dubbed by Michael) tries to brighten up the holiday season and Tess tries to became a part of the Valenti family.
+- Monday, January 22nd, 2001
+11: To Serve and Protect
+When Isabel develops a psychic connection to a girl who has been buried alive, she races to find the teenager before it's too late. Meanwhile the FBI comes to town and starts asking questions concerning Valenti and his involvement with Max and Isabel.
+- Monday, January 29th, 2001
+12: We Are Family
+Sheriff Valenti is suspended from the force after refusing to answer the FBI's questions about Max and Isabel, but he soon finds himself right back in the thick of things when Laurie DuPree shows up at his house claiming to be chased by aliens.
+- Monday, February 5th, 2001
+13: Disturbing Behavior
+Michael and Maria flee from Roswell after helping Laurie DuPree escape from the police, and Max learns that a deadly parasite was released into Earth's atmosphere when their ship crashed 50 years ago.
+- Monday, February 19th, 2001
+14: How the Other Half Lives
+Max tries to stop Alex and Kyle from being buried alive in a cave filled with glowing blue crystals; Isabel is kidnapped by Grant Sorenson possessed by the alien parasite queen; Michael is shot while trying to protect Laurie.
+- Monday, February 26th, 2001
+15: Viva Las Vegas
+When the gang makes a spur-of-the-moment trip to Las Vegas, in order to spend the DuPree money, the event-filled excursion ends in a faceoff between Max and Michael over leadership; Tess and Liz can't pass for over-21-year-olds; Maria recruits Alex to help her audition for a role that ends up to be for a stripper; Isabel meets a man.
+- Monday, April 16th, 2001
+16: Heart of Mine
+The onset of junior prom stirs up emotional tumult as Liz tempts fate by asking Max to be her date, Isabel decides Alex is the man she's been searching for, and Michael tells Maria he won't take her to prom.
+- Monday, April 23rd, 2001
+17: Cry Your Name
+The sudden death of a close friend shocks the group.
+- Monday, April 30th, 2001
+18: It's Too Late, and It's Too Bad
+A.
+- Monday, May 7th, 2001
+19:.
+- Monday, May 14th, 2001
+20: Off the Menu
+Brody Davis, his mind frazzled from an electric shock,holds several members of the gang hostage, when he begins to remember what happened when he was abducted, such as the New York City interstellar summit and the fact that Max is an alien. Max must use his healing abilities to fix Brody's mind so that he doesn't remember the alien mind that inhabits him. Tess must mindwarp Amy DeLuca into not remembering that Brody held them hostage.
+- Monday, May 21st, 2001
+21: The Departure
+Max, Isabel, Michael and Tess struggle with goodbyes on what they believe to be their last night on Earth before they travel back to their home planet. In the final hours, Max frantically searches for the killer that is still out there and threatens the lives of everyone they love.
+Season 3
+- Tuesday, October 9th, 2001
+1: Busted
+Max and Liz are arrested and jailed for holding up a convenience store. Meanwhile, Isabel has a secret affair with a handsome attorney, and Michael tries to straighten out his life.
+- Tuesday, October 16th, 2001
+2: Michael, The Guys and The Great Snapple Caper
+Michael works as a security guard, but when he tries to loosen up his co-workers, he causes more harm than good. Meanwhile, Max and Liz continue to see each other despite her parents' wishes.
+- Tuesday, October 23rd, 2001
+3: Significant Others.
+- Tuesday, October 30th, 2001
+4: Secrets and Lies.
+- Tuesday, November 6th, 2001
+5: Control.
+- Tuesday, November 13th, 2001
+6: To Have and To Hold
+Right before her wedding, Isabel is torn with doubt when she has erotic dreams of her former alien lover, Kivar. Meanwhile, a reluctant Max agrees to serve as Jesse's best man, while attempting to investigate him at the bachelor party.
+- Tuesday, November 20th, 2001
+7: Interruptus.
+- Tuesday, November 27th, 2001
+8: Behind the Music
+When an old love visits Maria her passion for music resurfaces, which jeopardizes her relationship with Michael. Meanwhile, while Max's father is still trying to put together all the pieces of his investigation, Isabel joins Max in the quest to stop him.
+- Tuesday, December 18th, 2001
+9: Samuel Rising.
+- Tuesday, January 1st, 2002
+10: A Tale of Two Parties
+In an attempt to find Roswell's legendary New Year's Rave, Max and Maria join forces. Meanwhile, Liz connects with her father and Isabel helps Kyle find the perfect date for New Year's.
+- Tuesday, January 29th, 2002
+11: I Married An Alien."
+- Tuesday, February 5th, 2002
+12: Ch-Ch-Changes."
+- Tuesday, February 12th, 2002
+13: Panacea.
+- Tuesday, February 26th, 2002
+14: Chant Down Babylon.
+- Tuesday, April 23rd, 2002
+15: Who Died and Made You King?.
+- Tuesday, April 30th, 2002
+16: Crash.
+- Tuesday, May 7th, 2002
+17: Four Aliens and A Baby.
+- Tuesday, May 14th, 2002
+18: Graduation.
+Centipede #3
+Written by: Max Bemis
+Artby: Eoin Marron
+Published by: Dynamite Entertainment
+Review by Dean Zeller
+This review contains spoilers of Centipede #3, by Dynamite Entertainment (2017)
+I typically don’t enjoy writing negative comic reviews. For the time it takes to write a proper review I would rather promote comics I like, rather than tear down somebody’s hard work and effort. No matter how bad something is, somebody out there likes it, and I like to remain positive about my reviews.
+Not this time. When I picked up Centipede #3, there were some very specific things I was looking for. Unlike most of Dynamite’s characters, I actually have a huge affinity for Centipede, putting many-a-quarter in the 80’s video games. I would have loved a comic that brought back the love and appreciation I had for the video game. I had not read the first two issues in the series, but I trusted I would be able to follow the plot well enough. This wasn’t Shakespeare or Tom Clancy – it was a comic about a video game. How difficult could the plot be to understand?
+Before getting to the comic itself, let’s discuss the Centipede video game. You played a guy with a gun that moved around on the screen, firing at a centipede coming down at you through a field of mushrooms. The rules were as follows:
+Your gun could fire only one missile at a time. If a missile was en route, you could not fire until it hit something. Sure, that does not simulate real-life missiles, but it is a video game. It had to have some kind of recognizable limitation in missile firing. It forced the player to make judgement calls about when to fire, as a miss could have great ramifications.
+If a missile hits the centipede in the head, the head section dies, turns to a mushroom for some reason, and you get 100 points! Great, but then the next section of the centipede becomes the head, and it keeps going. If that isn’t scary enough, if a missile hits the centipede in the body, it kills that section, but then the next section also becomes a head, and you have two shorter centipedes coming after you. It was this rule that was the scariest, and most defining of the gameplay. There are fleas, spiders, scorpions, and other various obstacles to add flavor to the game.
+Given the video graphics capabilities of the time, the game designers did not have much to work with. The characters were pixelated, but still looked like sectional centipedes. The drawn graphics to promo the game had more detail, but still showed the sectional nature of the centipedes, necessary to understand and play the game.
+The dynamics of the rules made very specific strategies to be successful at the game. The main strategy makes use of rules 1 and 2. The player gets underneath path of the centipede to shoot the head and each retrospective head created, thus killing the centipede in a most glorious fashion. For a most excellent example of the game, here’s a YouTube video showing somebody scoring 316,000. About 54 seconds in shows an example of the strategy discussed.
+I was one of the 16% that actually liked the Adam Sandler movie, Pixels, featuring 80’s video games as villains in a CGI movie. The Centipede scene did a reasonable job to incorporate the rules mentioned above. At the start, Adam and his friend simply shot repeatedly into the air, not making use of the famed aforementioned strategy. It was not until later that Sandler was able to show the video game strategies and dynamics.
+Naturally, this is a review of the comic, but it was important that you, the reader, knew where I was coming from in my expectations for this particular comic. So, without any further ado, here is the review for Centipede #3.
+Writer Max Bemis got his start in independent comic companies, writing Crossed: Badlands, Polarity, Evil Empire, and Oh, Killstrike. For Marvel, he has written a dozen-or-so issues of X-Men and a five-issue miniseries on Foolkiller. Artist Eoin Marron previous work includes five issues of Sons of Anarchy for Boom Studios.
+There was no “what has gone on before” introduction, so it just started with a guy in an army hummer driving through a bunch of enormous fleas from the game. He eventually used a rocket launcher to them up in clusters. He continued to open-fire on them with his rocket launcher for several pages, which must have been some feature of the game I was never able to reach.
+It then spends a page talking about the main character’s angry and judgmental father, then three pages talking to his mother. I would have liked to have known the main character’s name at this point, but it hadn’t been mentioned yet.
+Spoiler alert: During the talk with his mother, he reveals he is gay. I have no problems with gay characters, and enjoy reading stories about them. Terry Moore used gay characters in Strangers in Paradise since 1993, so it isn’t a completely new idea. Alan Heinberg did a wonderful job with Wiccan and Hulkling in Young Avengers. Margarie Liu crafted a great story on Northstar’s same-sex wedding in Astonishing X-Men, featuring the characters holding hands on the cover. Cristos Gage had a gay male (Striker) and a bisexual female (Lightspeed) in Avengers Academy. Brian Michael Bendis introduced the teen Iceman in All-New X-Men, later revealed as gay, even though his older counterpart was not. Even conservative DC has made several LGBT characters, including Batwoman, the original Green Lantern, and has publically stated that Harley Quin, Wonder Woman, and Poison Ivy are all interested in women. It has become en vogue to introduce a gay character in comics. If it is done well, I am all for it. Did it fit for Centipede #3? Not for me. It seemed to me that Bemis was just jumping on the proverbial gay bandwagon, and introduced the character as such. The comic should be about the video game, but instead it is getting into social commentary. I don’t mind that he is a gay character, but it completely took four pages away from what could have been a fun adventure defending the world against a huge centipede. It just didn’t fit, and it didn’t do anything for me to like or be sympathetic with the character.
+Following the after-school special on the troubles of sexual choice, the still-as-yet-unnamed main character goes back to shooting fleas. Hey, I thought the title of the book was Centipede! Finally, a multi-section centipede makes an appearance! This one was monstrous! This one was easily 50’ wide, tearing apart buildings, and causing mass destruction. I guess the previous plot wasn’t the only thing that didn’t fit for me. There was no explanation given for the astronomically large centipede. I was hoping he would fire into the middle, creating two smaller centipedes, but it didn’t happen. Basically, everything he tries fails, and he get frustrated.
+In the end, the main character (finally identified as Dale) gives up, says goodbye to the boyfriend, and leaves the city, to watch it be utterly destroyed. A spider attacks him to build the suspense. The big-ass centipede is just about to kill him dead and… it flies off for no reason. I don’t know why it didn’t kill him.
+But don’t worry – the plot starts to make sense again. Dale eats some mushrooms that happen to be in the area, trips-balls, and somehow ends up dimension-traveling to the world where the centipedes come from. I guess it sets up issue #4 on a different direction.
+So obviously, I didn’t like the writing. The artwork was equally bad. The comic title could have been called Aliens or Enormous Fleas and the story would have been the same. The centipedes did not look or act like the original, and did not give me any appreciation. The people were drawn blocky and awkward. Most of the artwork looked like artwork that was sketched and retouched. I did enjoy seeing Dale ride a motorcycle down the centipede’s back, but there was little else I liked.
+To give credit, there was no point in the story in which I was lost. While reading many comics nowadays, I just don’t understand anything of what is going on, through incomplete history or characters lacking motivation. At least this issue did not suffer from that point, which is why I am still giving it a passing grade. It did the job of telling a coherent story about centipedes, just not one that I liked much.
+I would love to see more efforts into bringing new life into 80’s video games. I may enjoy a Dig Dug or Asteroids story. Unfortunately, this particular video game story left me unsatisfied.
+RANK: C- / 2 Stars Out Of 5 / Thumbs Down
+This has got to be one of the worst comic reviews I have ever read.
+“Most of the artwork looked like artwork, sketched and retouched.”
+I think part of my brain turned to mulch after reading that.
+Also, dedicating a gigantic paragraph to saying how you didn’t like that one of the characters was gay (“BUT I’M TOTALLY DOWN WITH GAYS IN COMICS, HONEST”)? Seriously classy stuff. Very professional.
+Here’s my review of your review:
+“”Most of the writing looked like writing, typed and retouched.”
+All we can hope for is that you enjoy the next review you read a bit more…!!!
+-Ryan
+I thank you for your comments, and appreciate your candor.
+My only response is, I call’em like I see’em. I will try to write my next one to suit your fancy better. 🙂
+UnboundID LDAP SDK for Java version 5.1.0 has been released and is available for download from GitHub and SourceForge, and it is available in the Maven Central Repository. The release notes provide a pretty comprehensive overview of the changes since the previous 5.0.1 release, but here’s a summary:
+- We fixed an issue in which the JVM-default trust manager did not always correctly handle cross-signed issuer certificates when the presented chain included an expired issuer certificate. It will now check to see if it can build a valid path with an alternate trust anchor.
+- We added a new SchemaValidator class that can identify all kinds of problems with LDAP schema definitions. We also provide a new validate-ldap-schema command-line tool that will examine definitions contained in one or more LDIF files and report any problems that it finds.
+- We updated the in-memory-directory-server command-line tool to validate any schema definitions provided through the --useSchemaFile argument. Even if there are problems, the server will still try to use that schema to the best of its ability (as was previously the case). The --doNotValidateSchemaDefnitions argument can be used to disable the new validation if it is not desired.
+- We added a new ldappasswordmodify command-line tool that can be used to perform a self password change or an administrative password reset. It supports the password modify extended operation (as described in RFC 3062), and it can also change passwords using a regular LDAP modify operation or using an Active Directory-specific modification.
+- We added three new command-line tools for performing operations on data contained in LDIF files:
+- The ldifsearch tool can be used to identify entries that match a given set of search criteria.
+- The ldifmodify tool can be used to apply a set of add, delete, modify, and modify DN changes to LDIF data.
+- The ldif-diff tool can be used to identify differences between data in two provided LDIF files and report the differences in the form of LDIF change records.
+- We added a new version of the ldapcompare tool that can be used to perform LDAP compare operations in a directory server. The new version offers a lot of additional functionality like support for performing multiple compare assertions and using a variety of request controls, and it can generate parseable output in tab-delimited text, CSV, or JSON formats.
+- We updated the in-memory directory server to make it possible to add custom attributes to the root DSE. While it was already possible to replace the entire root DSE entry with a static entry, this new approach makes it possible to retain some dynamic content (for example, changelog-related attributes) while still customizing other attributes.
+- We made several changes in our support for entries with the ldapSubEntry object class:
+- We added a new RFC3672SubentriesRequestControl class with support for the LDAP subentries request control as described in RFC 3672.
+- The LDAP SDK already had support for an alternate version of the control described in draft-ietf-ldup-subentry through the SubentriesRequestControl class, but that class has been deprecated in favor of a new DraftLDUPSubentriesRequestControl class, which helps avoid confusion with the class that implements the RFC 3672 version of the control. The deprecated class is still fully functional and will be kept to preserve backward compatibility, but we recommend updating code that uses the old class for the sake of clarity.
+- The in-memory directory server has been updated with support for the RFC 3672 version of the control. It already had support for the draft-ietf-ldup-subentry version.
+- The in-memory directory server has been updated so that it will return entries with the ldapSubEntry object class if the filter includes an “(objectClass=ldapSubEntry)” component.
+- The ldapsearch command-line tool has been updated with support for the RFC 3672 version of the LDAP subentries control, using the new --rfc3672Subentries argument. It already had support for the draft-ietf-ldup-subentry version of the control through the --includeSubentries argument, and that argument is still available, but we now recommend using --draftLDUPSubentries instead for the sake of clarity.
+- We updated the ldapsearch tool to add a new “values-only” output format (as an alternative to the existing LDIF, tab-delimited text, CSV, and JSON output formats). If this output format is selected, then it will only output the values of the requested attributes without any entry DNs or attribute names. This can help extract raw attribute values from a directory server from a script without the need for any additional text processing.
+- We updated the ldapsearch tool to add a new --requireMatch argument. If this argument is provided and the search completes successfully but does not return any entries, then the tool will have an exit code of 94 (corresponding to the noResultsReturned result code) rather than zero. This argument does not have any visible effect on the output.
+- We updated the round-robin and fewest connections servers sets to expose the blacklist manager that they use to avoid trying to establish connections to servers that are believed to be unavailable.
+- We updated the manage-certificates tool to make it easier to list and export certificates from the JVM’s default trust store without needing to know the path to the appropriate file.
+- We improved the logic that the LDAP SDK uses when selecting ordering and substring matching rules for ordering operations involving attributes that are defined in the schema but whose definition does not specify an ordering matching rule. It will now try to infer an appropriate ordering matching rule from the equality matching rule before trying other alternatives like inferring a rule from the associated syntax or using a default rule.
+- We updated the LDAP command-line tool framework to make it easier and more convenient to communicate securely with the Ping Identity Directory Server (and other related server products). This includes:
+- We added a new TopologyRegistryTrustManager class that can use information in the server’s topology registry to determine whether to trust the certificates for instances in the topology.
+- If no trust-related arguments are specified when running the tool, it will now check the server’s default trust store and the topology registry to determine whether the presented certificate should be trusted. It will still also check the JVM’s default trust store, and it will still fall back to interactively prompting the user if the certificate cannot be trusted through other means.
+- We streamlined the process that LDAP command-line tools use to establish and authenticate connections when run in interactive mode. It will now recommend TLS encryption over unencrypted communication with a simplified set of arguments, and it will recommend simple authentication over unauthenticated connections. Further, when the tool is part of a Ping Identity Directory Server (or related server product) installation, it will read the configuration to determine the appropriate port to suggest when connecting to the server.
+- We made several improvements to the summarize-access-log tool that can be used to examine Ping Identity Directory Server access logs. These include:
+- You can now customize the maximum number of values to display for each item. It was previously hard-coded to use a limit of 20 values. If any values were omitted, then it will now tell you how many were left out.
+- You can now choose to de-anonymize the output to obtain the specific attribute values used in search filters and entry DNs (instead of displaying question marks as placeholders).
+- The output will now include information about the most common TLS protocols and cipher suites used for secure communication.
+- The output will now include the most common successful and failed bind DNs and the most common authentication mechanisms.
+- The output will now include the most common DNs used as alternate authorization identities (e.g., via the proxied authorization request control).
+- The output will now include the most common filters used for unindexed searches, the most common base DNs for searches with non-baseObject scopes, the filters for searches taking the longest to complete, and the most common filters for searches returning zero, one, or multiple entries.
+- When summarizing the most commonly invoked types of extended operations, the tool will now try to provide a human-readable name for the extended operation in addition to its OID.
+- We added client-side support for obtaining password policy state information from the Ping Identity Directory Server’s ds-pwp-state-json virtual attribute.
+- We added client-side support for the new populate composed attribute values and generate server profile administrative tasks in the Ping Identity Directory Server.
+- We added a new OID.parseNumericOID method that can be used to parse a provided string as a valid numeric object identifier, optionally performing strict validation. If the provided string does not represent a valid numeric OID, then the method will throw an exception with a message that explains the problem.
+- We improved the error messages generated for problems that may arise when parsing schema definitions.
+- We updated the schema parsing code so that it can now handle schema elements with a description value that is an empty string. Although empty descriptions (or other types of quoted strings) are not permitted in schema element definitions, some servers allow them. Empty descriptions are still not allowed by default, but that behavior can be overridden with a code change or a system property.
+- We added a new IA5 string argument value validator that can be used to require that the values of associated arguments are only permitted to contain ASCII characters. The manage-certificates tool has also been updated to provide better validation for certificate components that are required to be IA5 strings, including DNS names and email addresses in the subject alternative name extension.
+- We updated the LDAP command-line tool framework so that if the --help-sasl argument is used in conjunction with a --saslOption argument that specifies the name of the SASL mechanism, the output will only include help information for that mechanism.
+- We fixed a bug in the StaticUtils.isASCIIString method that caused it to only look at the lowest byte for each character in the provided string.
+- We added new ByteStringBuffer utility methods, including getting individual bytes or sets of bytes at a specified position, for determining whether the buffer starts with or ends with a given set of bytes, and for reading the contents of a file or input stream into the buffer.
+- We added new StaticUtils convenience methods for reading and writing files as bytes, strings, or lists of lines.
+- We added support for new password policy state account usability warning and notice types for the Ping Identity Directory Server. The new types can be used to indicate that the account has too many outstanding authentication failures, but that the server will take some other action (for example, delaying the bind response) instead of completely preventing authentication.
+- We fixed an issue in the LDAP SDK’s JSON-formatted debug logging support for debug messages containing exceptions with another exception as the underlying cause.
+- We fixed an issue with the command-line tool framework that could prevent it from setting an argument value from a properties file even though that same value would have been permitted if it had been provided directly on the command line.
+- We updated the default standard schema provided with the LDAP SDK to include additional attribute syntaxes, matching rule, attribute type, and object class definitions.
+- We updated the documentation to include draft-ietf-kitten-gss-sanon, draft-ietf-kitten-password-storage, and draft-melnikov-scram-sha-512 in the set of LDAP-related specifications.
+How to Choose Jackets for All Weather
+Rain Jackets and Non-insulated Shells
+Understanding Waterproof/Breathable
+When a rain jacket is said to be waterproof and breathable, what does that mean? Waterproof fabric blocks out normal rain and drizzle, so that’s easy enough to understand. Breathability, on the other hand, is the extent to which the fabric allows vapor to escape. Why is this important? Try running while wearing a garbage bag. It might keep the rain out, but you’ll be absolutely drenched in your own sweat. The perspiration vapors have nowhere to go. So, depending on your activity level, breathability is as crucial to staying dry as whether or not your rain jacket is waterproof.
+Waterproof/Breathable Technologies
+Gore-Tex is the most well known of the waterproof/breathable technologies. Other technologies include System Three, used in some of our Eastern Mountain Sports jackets; PreCip and MemBrain by Marmot; and HyVent, developed by The North Face.
+2-Layer, 2.5-Layer, and 3-Layer Waterproof/Breathable Rain Jackets
+When you read a jacket description that talks about 2-layer Gore-Tex or 3-layer HyVent, it’s referring to the type of lining used to protect the waterproof/breathable technology. Left on their own, waterproof/breathable laminates and membranes are vulnerable to abrasion, so some sort of protective lining is required.
+2-layer is the most common kind of waterproof/breathable construction. The laminate or membrane is applied to the face fabric, with nothing attached on the interior—hence, the 2-layer. A loose hanging layer is used to provide protection. This option tends to be less expensive, but adds a little weight to the jacket.
+2.5-layer construction features the laminate or membrane applied to the face fabric, just like the 2-layer. However, on the inside of the jacket a series of laminated “dots” or a laminated grid pattern is used to provide a degree of abrasion resistance. 2.5-layer waterproof breathable jackets are ultralight and very packable.
+3-layer jackets are the most expensive option, but are fairly light and extremely durable. Like the other construction methods, the waterproof/breathable laminate or membrane is applied to the outer shell fabric. On the inside, however, a liner fabric is applied directly, creating a sort-of 3-layer sandwich.
+Types of Venting
+Venting helps you stay cool when needed. It also aids breathability. When the jacket’s front zipper is opened, for example, water vapor (perspiration) is easily allowed to escape.
+Pit zips are often featured in non-insulated shell jackets. These underarm zippers let excess heat escape when opened. It’s a convenient way to regulate your temperature when you’re hiking, skiing, or working up a sweat. Similar to pit zips, core vents are located on the sides of the jacket and allow a small degree of airflow.
+Usually backed up with a mesh panel, a jacket’s back vent is another effective way to stay cool. However, this is only a warm-weather option, as the vent can’t be totally closed.
+Rain Jackets for Hiking and Backpacking
+When hiking hard or hauling a heavy pack, you’ll undoubtedly be working up a sweat, so go with a jacket that has a full front zipper for optimal venting as well as underarm pit zips.
+Non-insulated Jackets for Skiing, Snowshoeing, and Winter Sports
+A rain jacket, if it’s durable and provides proper venting, can be used year-round, even in cold weather. Make sure the jacket is roomy enough to accommodate multiple layers underneath, including a fleece sweater or two. For venting, choose a non-insulated jacket with pit zips and a full zippered front. 2- or 3-layer construction is preferable.
+Rain Jackets for Climbing
+Climbing shells should be lightweight and durable. 3-layer construction works best. Also opt for pit zips, a full-zip front, and a full hood, ideally one that’s removable.
+Rain Jackets for Running option available.
+Shop for: Men's Rain Jackets | Women's Rain Jackets
+Soft Shell Jackets
+Understanding “Soft Shell”
+Soft shell fabric is water resistant (not waterproof), wind resistant, and often offers good stretch and mobility. Jackets made of soft shell are ideal for climbing, running, and cross-country skiing. These jackets usually feature a trim athletic fit.
+You can usually tell a traditional “hard shell” rain jacket from a soft shell jacket by the outer texture. Standard rain jackets are smooth and shiny, whereas a soft shell feels more like a tightly woven sweatshirt.
+Understanding Water Resistance
+Designed to block out a drizzle or even a light rain, water-resistant soft shell jackets are exceptionally breathable and usually less expensive than waterproof/breathable outerwear (remember—breathability lets water vapors escape). Someone who’s adventure racing or running in the rain might perspire at a greater rate than a waterproof/breathable jacket can handle, and would probably be better off with a water-resistant jacket.
+Soft Shell Warmth
+Soft shell jackets come in different thicknesses. Those designed for spring/summer/fall are lightweight and offer only minimal insulation—enough to take the edge off a chilly morning. Winter soft shells are usually lined with a thin polyester fleece layer, making them warmer, but not quite as stretchable.
+Uses of Soft Shell Jackets
+Because of their weather resistance and excellent mobility, soft shell jackets are an ideal choice for highly aerobic sports such as ice climbing, rock climbing, snowshoeing, Nordic skiing, running, and cold-weather biking.
+Shop for: Men's Soft Shell Jackets | Women's Soft Shell Jackets
+Insulated Jackets
+Down Insulation
+Fill Power—The 3D structure of down clusters creates .
+Sources of Down—Geese and ducks are the major sources of down insulation. Goose down is loftier (higher fill power) than duck down, but also more expensive. Goose down is the preferred choice for people looking for lightweight products. Eastern European goose down is known for its extremely large down clusters that create very high loft, sometimes as much as 800 fill.
+Compressibility—Compared to synthetic insulations, down is typically more compressible, meaning that it can be packed into a very small space. This is great if you need to stow your down jacket or sleeping bag in a backpack.
+Warmth-to-Weight Ratio—Ounce for ounce, goose down is warmer than most synthetic insulations.
+Longevity—Down is very resilient and will retain its loft and ability to insulate for many years if you care for it properly. Of all the reasons to choose down, this might be the strongest one.
+Poor Performance When Wet—Down provides zero insulation when wet. Having said that, the natural oils in goose down do provide some water resistance. After all, geese and ducks swim in near-freezing water all the time, and they’re fine. Also, the water-resistant shell fabric of most down jackets will block out snow (you will likely be wearing only a down jacket when the temperature is below freezing).
+Shop for: Men's Down Jackets | Women's Down Jackets
+Synthetic Insulation
+Generally, synthetic insulation performs better than down in wet weather. However, compared to down, synthetics are not quite as compressible and don’t have as long a life span.
+PrimaLoft is the most common synthetic insulation in use. It’s extremely hydrophobic, meaning that it’s extremely hard to get the fibers wet. If you’re skiing or mountaineering deep in the backcountry where you can’t afford to have wet insulation, PrimaLoft is an excellent choice. Also, compared to other synthetics, PrimaLoft is very lightweight and compressible.
+3-in-1 Jackets
+A 3-in-1 jacket is composed of a shell and a removable insulated liner. It’s called 3-in-1 because you can wear just the shell, just the insulated liner, or both attached together. Obviously, this is a very flexible system that can be worn in a number of different activities.
+Shop for: Men's Winter Jackets | Women's Winter Jackets
+Fleece Jackets
+Polyester Fleece
+Fleece is a soft-napped synthetic fabric (usually polyester) that’s warm, exceptionally soft, quick drying, and lightweight. First created as “Polarfleece” by Malden Mills (now Polartec, LLC), fleece quickly became the insulating fabric of choice for skiing, snowshoeing, climbing, and winter mountaineering. In fact, Polarfleece was recognized by Time magazine as one of the 100 most important inventions of the 20th century.
+Insulating Properties
+Fleece is an outstanding insulator for its relatively low bulk. Typically, fleece comes in a variety of thicknesses/weights: micro, 100, 200, and 300, with 300 being the heaviest. In a traditional layering system, a fleece sweater or jacket is worn as a midlayer, with a very thin base layer worn underneath against the skin, and a weatherproof non-insulated shell jacket worn on the outside.
+Wet-weather Performance
+Fleece is very hydrophobic, holding less than 1% of its weight in water. Instead, moisture passes through the fabric (wicking), where it can soak into an outer layer or spread out and evaporate once it’s exposed to air. This means that a fleece jacket won’t get waterlogged, will dry quickly, and will insulate even if wet.
+Wind Resistance
+Standard fleece doesn’t block out the wind; it’s very breathable, which adds to your comfort if you’re hiking, skiing, or climbing hard. But on a windy day, normal fleece should be worn only under a shell jacket.
+The exception is wind-blocking fleece. This fleece is specifically designed to resist the wind and can be used as an outer layer, much the same way as soft shells are worn.
+High-Quality Fleece
+Keep in mind that not all fleece is equal. There’s a huge difference in durability, warmth, and softness between high-quality fleece and cheap imitations. Polartec, for example, remains the gold standard of high-performance fleece and can be depended on to maintain its soft texture and resist pilling through multiple washings.
+Fleece Jackets for Skiing
+Downhill skiing involves quite a bit of sitting around on exposed chair lifts, interrupted by brief runs downhill. Opt for heavy insulation here—200 (midweight) or 300 (heavyweight) fleece is best. In most conditions you’ll want to wear a waterproof/breathable shell over the insulating layer, so don’t worry about the fleece being windproof.
+Fleece Jackets for Nordic Skiing
+Cross-country skiing is a highly aerobic activity that keeps your body cranking out the heat. Usually, not as much insulation is required. Often a micro or 100 (lightweight) fleece will suffice. If it’s not snowing, a wind-resistant fleece can be worn as an outer layer.
+Fleece Jackets for Winter Mountaineering
+Pack extra insulation in the backcountry. Be prepared to wear multiple midlayers, like a 100 combined with a 200, or even with a 300.
+For everyday use, it’s best to keep a wide variety of fleece in your closet. If it’s really cold, opt for a 300, or if it’s mild out, then wear a 100—and so forth.
+Shop for: Men's Fleece Jackets | Women's Fleece Jackets
+Customer Favorites
+THE NORTH FACE
+Denali Jacket - Men's
+THE NORTH FACE
+Denali Jacket - Women's
+MARMOT
+Precip Jacket - Men's
+MARMOT
+Precip Jacket - Women's
+Related Categories
+Men's Jackets
+Women's Jackets
+Barbara Grigor-Taylor
+Published on 22 July 2010
+An Interview with Barbara Grigor-Taylor
+“The only difficulty I've ever had in my life is keeping up with myself.” Barbara Grigor-Taylor is a trans-oceanic sailor, mountaineer and travel bookseller of inter Continental experience. She is no armchair traveller, and little has fallen into her lap. It has been a hard but exhilarating career with some daunting ups and downs which Barbara has negotiated with the agility of a mountaineer. “If someone puts a brick wall in front of me, I'll go over it.”
+Barbara is an American-born British subject. She spent most of her childhood in the Far East, before reading East Asian Studies at Berkeley. By good chance, she lodged with John Howell's widow in the Berkeley Hills and picked up a Saturday job in their Post Street shop.
+“I started out marking auction prices in catalogues. When Warren Howell bought the Phillips Collection of Hawaiiana, he let me catalogue it and I found myself working on oil paintings about which I knew absolutely nothing. But it was my break, and I really made the Pacific my subject.”
+The collection was eventually sold to Cornell University. Barbara left Howell's in 1961 to move to New York, which she hated. “I was a twenty-one year old Californian girl and didn't take to sharing a basement flat an 87th and Lexington in mid-winter with six girls. I remember waking up one morning, staring at the lingerie hanging from the pipes, and thinking, ‘What am I doing here?’”
+After a brief period back in Post Street, Barbara bought a share in a yacht with four friends and pushed off into the Pacific. Eighteen months later, the yacht fetched up in Auckland, where it so happened that St. John's Theological Seminary needed a temporary librarian. Barbara got the job and totally reorganised the place.
+“It was an early nineteenth-century library, largely untouched, and made up of bequests from early missionaries. I took all the books off the shelves, stuck them in cartons with insect powder, closed them up and took a two-week holiday while the bugs died.” “After St. John's, I did some cataloguing for Cordy's, which was at that time the only book auction house in Auckland. Eventually I ran my own business from a shop in the Queen's Arcade for about six years when I began to run out of books in New Zealand. By that time I was married with a daughter.
+In 1971, Barbara sold the business and returned to the States to work with Edwin Wolf at the Library Company in Philadelphia. “It was a great privilege to work with Ed, and I think we are the only dealers ever to have worked at the Library Company. Ed was re-assessing the value of the books for Federal funding. The Government was giving money for cataloguing and refurbishing to public libraries and institutions, and the size of the grants was to be based an the value of the collections.”
+“I took it upon myself to catalogue all the folio atlases. They were on the top shelves and no one else wanted to get them down. We consulted many dealers' catalogues, and Ben Weinreb's were particularly useful for all the architectural and engineering books that the Philadelphia settlers had studied to build their City.
+Then it was time to cross another ocean. In 1973, Barbara moved with her family to London and took the job of manager in a bookshop in Hampstead High Street. There was one small problem in that the shop already had a manager, whom the directors had forgotten to fire in the general excitement of advertising the position and appointing Barbara.
+“The shop belonged to a group of property people who presumably thought it would be fun to own an antiquarian bookshop. Thev bought the company name of Jabez Elliott from Henry Bristow of Ringwood, who is no fool and hung on to all his customers, knowledge and so on.
+“I had been there one week when the real manager walked in. They hadn't told me that young David Bristow was not only a company director but also the shop manager. It was all a bit of a mess and obviously wasn’t going to work out. At about that time, I went to the opening Party for Ian Hodgkins’ shop in Connaught Street and met Paul Minet. He was about to open a travel bookshop in Princes Arcade. Peter and Margaret Eaton had also considered the premises before moving to Holland Park Avenue. I don't think they would have managed in the Arcade - it was a small person's shop. Paul was really too tall for it, but I fitted in quite well.
+It was an auspicious start to a long business involvement with Paul Minet and his various London shops. By May 1976, Barbara was ready for another challenge, on dry land this time. With some financial backing, she bought the shop in Princes Arcade and scarcely left the helm for the next fourteen years.
+“I remember my backer saying ’We are not buying a shop, we're buying you.’ I was very ill at the time with an old stomach problem which I needed to get fixed. At the height of my illness, I had Paul and the backers sitting round my bed saying, ‘Who's going to buy the life insurance in case she keels over?’ After my operation, I signed the largest cheque of my life in a spidery hand with all sorts of garbage wired up to my left arm. The hospital forgot to ask if I was left-handed.”
+That was the start of Cavendish Rare Books. It was the most exciting shop in a perfect location between the Houses of Parliament, the St. James's clubs, Albany and the London Library. -I could have sold old boots out of the window there, if they were nicely polished and displayed. But as time went by, I started to face questions like "What happens when the rent goes up? How can I do serious deals in a shop with no privacy? Is it reasonable to expect someone to write out a cheque for, say, £io,000 in full view of passers-by?"
+“And then along came the offer of a directorship at Sotheran's. It sounded ideal - a shop, well-departmentalised, in the same patch, and my customers would love going there. And I could concentrate on the serious travel people, without the distractions of Princes Arcade. But the whole thing was badly handled and I lasted nine months.” “The staff couldn’t accept me at Robert Kirkman's desk, doing the job he had done for the last twenty-four years, but not doing it his way. Neither did I get any support from the directors, who had originally asked me to come in to change things. Well, I tried and then they said, ‘Oh, we wanted you to change things, but not really to change things.’”
+Barbara emerged from Sotheran's with no shop, no company, no stock, and no mailing list. She invited her former staff from Cavendish Rare Books to lunch and apologised to them. “They worked so hard for me and I threw it all away. Nowadays I go round bookfairs and people say ‘What ever happened to Cavendish Rare Books?’ And I answer, ‘It's me.’ Then they look at my card and ask, ‘Grigor-Taylor. Are you trade then?’” The last three years have been tough. First of all I tried working from my home in Greenwich, where I saw at most six customers in eighteen months. Now I'm in a first-floor office in Frith Street, getting more work done than ever before. In fact, I can actually do my own cataloguing, which I adore.
+“I suppose I have taken the first step to growing older by exchanging a car that could take twenty cartons of books for a TVR Taimar into which I can only fit four. This is the only way to stop me from shifting great quantities. I'm trying to become a dignified middle-aged woman.” “It's very difficult to be a woman in this trade for a number of reasons. A man's book-collecting is probably one of the most private things about him, which he may not even share with his wife and family. I may get to know some of his most intimate thoughts and it seems essential to me to have a modest demeanour. Of course there's a lot of prejudice against women in the trade, but I've just been too busy to notice. I remember arguing prices with a great runner, Richard Cameron, who turned round one day and called me a hard woman. Somehow it's all right to be a hard man - perhaps it's even a compliment. But don't expect me to be a push-over.”
+“Gabriel Byrne is another great runner who used to come into Cavendish Rare Books. I reckon he made thousands a week, buying books till the car was full and staying in £5 bed-and-breakfasts. This chain of buying and selling seems to have almost disappeared today and I miss it because I don't like encroaching on somebody else's patch.” “At the moment it's very sad being a travel specialist because I can’t afford one major quarto travel book in the sale rooms. Of course I would like to make a lot of money because that would give me the wherewithal to expand. But I'm thrilled to see people returning to anthropology and good archaeology which are still undervalued. I remember my mother saying while I was still at college, ‘Books? How are you going to make a living selling books? Why don’t you get your library degree?’ Well, I didn't and I wouldn’t, because I'm a confirmed retailer.”
+The office in Frith Street was a wonderful but short-lived success. Two outstanding travel and mountaineering libraries were followed by another recession. I had already weathered two, but the third proved unlucky. Moving the business to the States, I spent the next five years between New York and South Carolina, covering bookfairs from Connecticut to Florida and having a thoroughly delightful and profitable time, dashing around in a little red pick-up truck. The humid, hurricane conditions in Charleston, however, are not book-friendly.
+In 1999 had the opportunity to act as agent for an American collector and build a travel and mountaineering library for him on the West Coast. With his shelves now full, I’m happy to be back in London.
+Barbara Grigor-Taylor of Cavendish Rare Books is well-known for rare and fine travel books, especially: Polar Regions, Asia, Maritime, Pacific, Mountaineering.
+The interview was first published in Sheila Markham, A Book of Booksellers. Conversations with the Antiquarian Book Trade 1991-2003. Sheila Markham Rare Books and Oak Knoll Press 2007, pp. 36-40. Thank you very much to Sheila Markham for the permission to publish the text on this website. For more information about Sheila Markham and the book see and.
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RBI circular no – 186 dated March 27th, 2020 gives details on a moratorium of three months for payment of loan installments. The same is at the discretion of the lending institution. For further queries related to the same, kindly visit Restructuring FAQs Introduction: The outbreak of Global pandemic Covid-19 has impacted our lives. As an immediate relief measure, The RBI has released a framework (“Resolution Framework”) to lending institutions to offer resolution plans to mitigate the financial stress of the borrowers. In line with the Resolution Framework, we have implemented a restructuring plan in order to facilitate revival of activities. We have provided below some of the frequently asked questions (FAQs) pertaining to restructuring of credit facilities. What is the meaning of restructuring in common parlance? Restructuring is an act in which financial institutions grant certain measures to borrowers in times of economic difficulty. 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+Coldplay will be releasing a documentary following their 2 decades together thus far entitled "A Head Full of Dreams." Ewan McGregor and his friend Charley Boorman travel on electric Harley-Davidsons 13,000 miles through Central and South America. Belle présentation. Add the first question. There are no dates currently scheduled. The band, who. Good morning. Coldplay’s Chris Martin on how mean comments put him off playing Glastonbury 2020 "Sometimes these things hurt me because I'm human" 0 Fifty Shades of Grey star Dakota Johnson is sparking engagement rumors after the actress was seen wearing a huge rock on that special finger. AMPFEST2020 – FBI Whistleblower Nate Cain. ‘A Head Full of Dreams’ Trailer: This Coldplay Documentary Shot For Over 20 Years, ‘Crazy Rich Asians’ Director Jon Chu Wrote Coldplay an Emotional Letter to Let Them Use “Yellow”, LOL: Peter Dinklage Sings About Character Deaths in ‘Game of Thrones’ Musical [Updated]. Please share with your friends and host a … 46 00:24:30. With Ewan McGregor, Charley Boorman, Russ Malkin, David Alexanian. Good afternoon. Official website for Coldplay. Those who haven’t followed their careers closely may not know that the band members are fans of HBO’s fantasy series Game of Thrones, and for a recent Red Nose Day charity event, they “wrote” a “musical” version of the show: A Head Full of Dreams will available to stream on Amazon Prime Video on November 16, 2018, and the band’s YouTube page says the movie will also be in cinemas worldwide on November 14, 2018. Johnson has been dating Coldplay frontman Chris Martin for the last three years and now fans are wondering if they plan on walking down the aisle anytime soon. According to … There are no dates currently scheduled. Sie können schreiben, Coldplay: A Head Full of Dreams ist ein guter Film, aber es kann zeigen, Coldplay: A Head Full of Dreams ist ein schlechter Film. Watches. Coldplay gaat in 2020 een aantal shows spelen, maar gaat niet uitgebreid op tour. (performer: "Daddy", "Us against the world") / (writer: "Daddy", "Us against the world") See Details. A concert documentary film and live album Coldplay Live 2012 chronicles their tour in support of the Mylo Xyloto album. Super coffret avec 3 vinyles couleur or et 2 Dvd, Manque juste la version cd, dommage. The two friends will travel through such places as Siberia, Kazakhstan, ... See full summary ». Ticketmaster.nl is een officieel verkoopkanaal. Two guys take a trip of several months on motorcycles. Amazon, Documentary, Movie Trailers, Musical, A Head Full of Dreams, Coldplay, The Food That Defined Film and Television in 2020, The Quarantine Stream: ‘Battlebots’ is a Joyous Ringside Seat at the Exciting World of Combat Robotics, Copyright © 2005-2019 /Film. After their plane is delayed by fog, Ewan and Charley embark on an unforgettable boat journey along the Colombian coast in an old trawler. Jan 12, 2020 - For everything Coldplay check out Iomoio #coldplay August 14, 2020 Hear Chris on new Burna Boy track read more. A docuseries that offers viewers a never-before-seen look inside the world's most innovative homes, and unveils the boundary-pushing imagination of the visionaries who dared to dream and build them. Enter your location to see which movie theaters are playing Coldplay near you. I like a handful of their songs but I’ve never considered myself a fan. Coldplay Tour 2020. Watching it, I wonder if they're perhaps the last of the 'proper' groups - bands that grow up together, write together, practise together and take the highs and lows together. Adventurer Charley Boorman embarks on another epic trip, this time across Canada from east to west coast on a motor bike. Will they make it with their experimental vehicles? Jimmy Fallon was joined by The Roots and Coldplay’s Chris Martin in a parody documentary of Taylor Swift’s folklore: the long pond studio sessions. This must be an true epic journey for Ewan and Charley. Author: Anna Sky Hulton Published 16th Oct 2018 Last updated 16th Oct 2018. From Tierra del Fuego all the way to L.A. on electric bikes in the Patagonian winter. Use the HTML below. Good afternoon. Koop nu Coldplay tickets. Dit laat bassist Guy Berryman weten in een nieuw interview. We’ve also added a double cassette version to the Coldplay Store, which is available in a bundle with an exclusive Butterfly Package fanzine. A new documentary from Werner Herzog about meteors and comets and their influence on ancient religions and other cultural and physical impacts they've had on Earth. Share 0 Comments . Coldplay release unseen 'Yellow' video footage to mark 20-year anniversary of 'Parachutes' album By Toyin Owoseje, CNN Updated 1400 GMT (2200 HKT) July 13, 2020 Starring: Coldplay. Posted on Sunday, October 14th, 2018 by Ben Pearson. Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Un must have pour tout fan du groupe. admin / October 25, 2020. Coldplay Tour 2020 – Coldplay are a British rock band formed in 1996 by lead vocalist Chris Martin and lead guitarist Jonny Buckland at University College London.. Follows US American Football coach Ted Lasso heading to the UK to manage a struggling London football team in the top flight of English football. At the end of last year, director Mat Whitecross - who was behind the band's documentary A Head Full Of Dreams - revealed that Coldplay were planning new material in 2020. Tickets on sale now. It also features interviews of band members and a great soundtrack. Now he’s back with a new doc about a different British music group – one he has a much more personal connection to. Coldplay Tour 2020 – Coldplay are a British rock band formed in 1996 by lead vocalist Chris Martin and lead guitarist Jonny Buckland at University College London. See all upcoming Coldplay tour dates. On November 15, 2017 in Buenos Aires, the band played the final show of their trek, which became the third all-time highest-grossing concert tour to date. Get a sneak peek of the new version of this page. Check out the trailer below. Stella van der Burg-05/11/2019. Jan 12, 2020 - For everything Coldplay check out Iomoio #coldplay Achat vérifié . Affiliate links used when available. This French documentary follows two filmmakers who want to know how North Koreans actually live their day-to-day lives. 12.03.2020 - Full BBC Radio Documentary on how Coldplay got started. En lire plus. Coldplay filmed a secret documentary over 20 YEARS and soon we'll be able to watch it. 2234. The epic ride duo (trio if you count Claudio) is back for another journey. Coldplay’s new live album / concert film / documentary is out now everywhere. The new Coldplay documentary film A Head Full Of Dreams will be screened in cinemas for one night only on 14 November. The documentary that follows the British quartet will be available on Nov. 16 via Amazon Prime Video. Long Way Up Coldplay film review: A Head Full Of Dreams, directed by Mat Whitecross, is an emotionally cold documentary that feels like a missed opportunity for the British band. This documentary, which clocks in at roughly 80 minutes, is heavy on the music, with snippets heard from around 20 different songs in total. Parts of the band member interviews were used in Mat Whitecross' A Head Full Of Dreams documentary. Currently unavailable. NR. We’ve also added a double cassette version to the Coldplay Store, which is available in a bundle with an exclusive Butterfly Package fanzine. After they formed under the name Pectoralz, Guy Berryman joined the group as a … Even the crew drives electric! Coldplay are rumoured to be releasing a surprise new album of more experimental material next month - before another album follows in 2020. Created by David Alexanian, Charley Boorman, Russ Malkin. Coldplay released a new album, 'Everyday Life' in late 2019, and in 2020 plan to headline Citibank's Sound Vault as well as a show at the Hollywood Palladium to support Reform LA Jails. Disc 01 The Interview Cd 2. Menu. All names, trademarks and images are copyright their respective owners. This FAQ is empty. See all upcoming Coldplay tour dates. Met een nieuw album in aantocht dacht iedereen al aan een grootse tour van Coldplay. Logo Concept by: Illumination Ink. En lire plus. August 7, 2020 Watch the full Everyday Life Live In Jordan film A… Voir la présentation This January, put your resolutions on hold and dive into some great streaming picks. Coldplay, Soundtrack: The Hunger Games: Catching Fire. Commenté en France le 17 mars 2020. Utile. Coldplay: A Head Full Of Dreams follows Coldplay’s rise to fame. Eerder dit jaar haalde Coldplay het nieuws met het statement dat touren voorlopig niet op de agenda staat. Coldplay: Behind the Beat Film Streaming Film Gratuit ~ Voir la film avec sous-titre, voir Coldplay: Behind the Beat streaming en vf complet gratuitement 2002 , Buy ColdPlay Tickets, Meet & Greet VIP Packages - See all Upcoming 2020/2021 Concert Tour Dates, Reviews, Video, Latest Setlist, and Venue Info. Toch meldde de bassist dat er zeker een paar shows op de planning staan. Coldplay - Longevity: Unauthorized Documentary 2011. One of the electric trucks has a near disaster. 12 out of Whitecross’s 30 directing credits on IMDb are for Coldplay-related projects or music videos, so it’s clear that this project is the one that he’s been building toward for his entire career. Starring:-Directed by:-Runtime: 1 hr 7 mins. "Long Way Down" is a documentary about friends Ewan McGregor (Star Wars: Episode 1, 2, and 3) and Charley Boorman's (Deliverance, Excalibur) motorcycle trip from John O'Groats in Scotland to Cape Town, South Africa. Still, Whitecross’s access is impressive, and moments like the ones we see in the trailer in which the band members clash a little may be enough to get me to tune in. A look at the world through the eyes of the tiniest creatures and witness the extraordinary things they do to survive. Good afternoon. While on the road, Coldplay released "Something Just Like This," a collaboration with the EDM-pop group the Chainsmokers that appeared on the Chainsmokers' album Memories: Do Not Open as well as on Coldplay's EP Kaleidoscope.. Disc 02 The Documentary Dvd 4. Browse Coldplay tour dates and order tickets for upcoming concerts near you. In 2016, filmmaker Mat Whitecross directed Oasis: Supersonic, an insightful, well-reviewed film about the rise and fall of British pop band Oasis. See Details. This documentary series follows actors Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman on a motorcycle trip around the world. Granted that their style of music has changed a bit somehow but still manages to make a lot of catchy tunes. Coldplay - Document - Format: CD Date de sortie: 19 mai 2009 1. View production, box office, & company info, The TVLine-Up: What's Returning, New and Leaving the Week of Nov. 8, ‘Fireball’ Trailer: Werner Herzog Investigates Meteors in His Apple TV+ Documentary, Electric Bikes & A Timeline Made This A ‘Way’ Tougher Challenge For Ewan McGregor, Editors' Picks: Streaming at Home for the Holidays, 2020 TV Guide: The Best Shows Coming This Year, ESPN College Football: Auburn Tigers vs. Georgia Bulldogs. This documentary follows the entry of motorcyclist and actor Charley Boorman into the 2006 Dakar Rally from Lisbon to Dakar. (2020– ). (TV Series documentary 2011-2014) Themselves (2 episodes, 2011-2014) Coldplay: Midnight (Video short 2014) Themselves The 55th Annual Grammy Awards (TV Special 2013) Themselves - Nominee (credit only) Coldplay Live 2012 (Video 2012) Themselves Stand Up to Cancer (TV Special 2012) Themselves American Idol (TV Series 2012) Themselves - Musical Guest (1 episode, 2012) The … This item will be released on September 22, 2020. Ampfest 2020 in Miami Florida, October 9, 2020. Book with Ents24.com, the UK's biggest entertainment guide. Following its one-night-only cinema release, the new A Head Full Of Dreams documentary film is available to watch on Amazon's Prime Video service globally (aside from Japan, where you'll have it on November 30).Click here to watch now / … Très bon album. Click here to order / listen now. 40,785 talking about this.’s career with a special 2 week Rivals season where we will release some iconic Coldplay songs from the past and the present. By Victoria Moghaddami - December 15, 2020 02:47 pm EST. Click here to order / listen now. Coldplay is comprised of Chris Martin, Jonny Buckland, Will Champion, and Guy Berryman, and A Head Full of Dreams is named after their seventh studio album. Coldplay are one of the biggest bands to come out of the UK in the last 20 years, and fans are always waiting for their next tour, ready to jump on tickets as soon as possible. October 13, 2020 Live set on Instagram tomorrow read more. Commenté en France le 12 décembre 2018. Online shopping for Coldplay - Music Artists from a great selection at Movies & TV Store. The band have just announced a new film, A HEAD FULL OF DREAMS, which throws the doors wide open on Coldplay’s colourful 20 year history. But they also reach Los Angeles. Coldplay announced a world tour of ‘A Head Full of Dreams’ in 2016, which included shows in the UK London, North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. But will a loose familiarity be enough to convince anyone outside of hardcore Coldplay fans to give this documentary a try? By. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. The Butterfly Package is available on CD, DVD, vinyl, cassette and digital. admin / October 31, 2020. The latest breaking news, comment and features from The Independent. 5 redenen waarom iedereen Coldplay wil zien in 2020. October 15, 2020 New Coldplay Store launches read more. Coldplay film review: ... a real Coldplay fan, watched their new documentary A Head Full Of Dreams, he was left disappointed Have you ... By Zak Maoui 29 December 2020. Like the Doors, REM, Radiohead. A Documentary By Amanda Milius Start a watch party with your friends. Coldplay, of course, is the British rock band known for songs like “Yellow,” “Paradise,” “Clocks,” and “The Scientist.” They’ve sold over 75 million albums worldwide, and have been a staple of pop and rock radio stations for the past two decades – even if you’re completely uninterested in their career, chances are astronomically high that you’ve encountered their music before. By Mona Thomas Dec 02, 2020 3:14 PM Tags The official Facebook of the band Coldplay Sign up to be the first to hear about upcoming shows. Reaching the halfway point of their trip, Ewan fulfills a childhood dream by climbing Machu Picchu before travelling deep into the Amazon. I'm not a Coldplay fan although this documentary is tipping me that way. Privacy Policy / Cookie Policy. At the end of last year, director Mat Whitecross - who was behind the band's documentary A Head Full Of Dreams - revealed that Coldplay were planning new material in 2020. North Korea: The Great Illusion. The vibrant documentary quickly showcases the type of cultural event that a Coldplay concert has become over the years, with a sea of red wristbands dancing along to … ENTER CITY, STATE OR … This will be amazing! Folklore: The Long Pond Studio Sessions (stylized in all lowercase) is a Sign up to be the first to hear about upcoming shows. ironmetal59. After they formed under the name Pectoralz, Guy Berryman joined the group as a bassist and they changed their name to Starfish. Web design by Pro Blog Design. The Butterfly Package is available on CD, DVD, vinyl, cassette and digital. October 6, 2020 Band nominated for Best Rock at EMAs read more. At least it seems like there are some glimpses at the truth among all of the lionizing we’ve come to expect from documentaries like these. Following the book The Plot … 4 00:32:46. Over An Hour Of Audio Biography An 3. Coldplay’s new live album / concert film / documentary is out now everywhere. Alléén hier betaal je de originele prijs voor je kaartje! A Head Full of Dreams was filmed over the course of 20 years. Coldplay stopt met touren: ‘We kunnen dat niet maken tegenover het klimaat’ Slecht nieuws voor fans van Coldplay die buiten Groot-Brittannië wonen. Official website for Coldplay. 5,0 sur 5 étoiles Super coffret. Achat vérifié. The latest breaking news, comment and features from The Independent. Coldplay serenaded the world one last time and released a live album cataloguing shows from the end of the 2017 tour along with a career-spanning documentary by longtime friend of the band Mat. Ewan and Charlie visit with indigenous school children in a frontier village in Bolivia, then do some sightseeing in La Paz . (TV Movie documentary 2020) (performer: "Hymn for the Weekend", "Clocks", "Trouble" (uncredited)) Antiques Road Trip (TV Series 2020) (performer - 1 episode) 21 Miles ... Coldplay: A Head Full of Dreams (Documentary 2018) (Arrangement of Midnight, Arrangement of Trouble, Arrangement of … It was met with lukewarm reviews. The film will be available to stream exclusively on Amazon Prime Video from Friday, November 16 in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, with local language versions […] The band Coldplay discuss their band, music, and rise to fame. It was met with lukewarm reviews. With Guy Berryman, Beyoncé, Jon Buckland, Will Champion. Denken Sie immer daran, nicht auf die Meinung von Coldplay: A Head Full of Dreams im Internet vertrauen, weil die Autoren bezahlt, um einen Kommentar zu schreiben. Title: Directed by Cory Bailey, Dakota Johnson. Directed by Mat Whitecross. The official Coldplay website, featuring news, tour dates, lyrics, videos, the Coldplay Timeline and official merchandise store. Berryman bevestigt in een interview met MrJWW podcast dat de groep enkele optredens zal doen in 2020. Coldplay. Was this review helpful to you? Next month, Amazon Prime Video is releasing a Coldplay documentary about the popular band. They travel from the North of Scotland, down through Europe, into Africa, finally winding up in Cape Town, South Africa. Good morning. Unbelievably, we're coming up to the 20th anniversary since Coldplay formed as a band, and they have now revealed a HUGE treat for fans. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. A young mother reconnects with her larger-than-life playboy father on an adventure through New York. Ewan McGregor and his friend Charley Boorman travel on electric Harley-Davidsons 13,000 miles through Central and South America. 18 of 28 people found this review helpful.. Helaas zit die er niet helemaal in. A Head Full of Dreams is a Coldplay documentary that was shot over the course of 20 years, and Whitecross has been filming the band since their very first rehearsal. With Chris Martin, Jon Buckland, Guy Berryman, Will Champion. This time maybe the toughest of all three long way's. Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. De band gaf aan er niet uitgebreid op uit te trekken totdat dit op een klimaatneutrale manier kan. Het bleef dan ook angstvallig stil wat betreft aankondigingen van optredens in 2020 ter promotie van het nieuwe album Everyday Life. The film premiered theatrically for one night only, 13 November 2012, and was released on CD and home video on 19 November 2012.. Following its one-night-only cinema release, the new A Head Full Of Dreams documentary film is available to watch on Amazon's Prime Video service globally (aside from Japan, where you'll have it on November 30).Click … This film looks back at Coldplay’s march to world dominance over the past 20 years and focuses on the tour for their latest album, A Head Full of Dreams. Watch trailers, read customer and critic reviews and buy LM5 - The Tour Film for £15.99. AMPFEST2020 – Social Media Whistleblowers Panel . Pre-order Price Guarantee. Commentaire Signaler un abus. 4.
+Sorrento: They’ve Just Got to Have It—Where’s That Biomarker? Part 1
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+With heart disease, high cholesterol levels prompt the doctor to prescribe statins and urge other preventive measures. A suspicious PSA screens warns the doctor that an aging prostate is misbehaving. Why is such a laboratory test not available for AD?
+It’s not for lack of trying, say scientists. The search for biomarkers has been difficult. Early candidates have fallen by the wayside for lack of robustness, sensitivity, or specificity, even as the advent of new experimental therapies has made the need for a reliable test more pressing. Researchers believe that new therapies will show the most promise for the earliest stages of AD, which may precede overt symptoms by years. For this reason, that elusive, telltale giveaway that the underlying disease process is gnawing away at a person’s brain has become a coveted prize for both practicing clinicians and clinical trial researchers. The 7th AD/PD 2005 conference held March 9-13 in Sorrento offered the latest news on some of the ongoing efforts to finger such a marker for AD, and budding efforts in Parkinson disease (PD). Here are selected highlights.
+John Growdon of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston said that all too often, molecules that come recommended by cellular or epidemiological science sadly disappoint when tested for their potential as predictive biomarkers. For example, ApoE is a genetic risk factor that makes for a poor biomarker. The latest case in point is homocysteine, which boasts a host of data implicating it in age-related neurodegeneration in general, and in Parkinson disease in particular (see Alzforum live discussion). However, a human study at MGH showed that measuring its levels does not enable a clinician to distinguish AD from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), PD, or normal controls. Levels did correlate with age, levodopa use, and cognitive impairment in PD, and they were low in people who took multivitamins. This further strengthens a growing literature suggesting that dietary folate supplements may be a helpful component of PD treatment and prevention, but it also means that homocysteine will not become a biomarker, Growdon said.
+In Alzheimer's, the seemingly obvious approach of turning Aβ levels into a biomarker has been anything but straightforward. Doctors would most like to have a blood test, as patients more readily roll up a sleeve than curl up sideways for a spinal tap. But no one to date has found Aβ differences in serum that robustly predict the patient’s condition. Growdon added another downer to this hope by reporting that in a plasma Aβ40/42 study conducted at MGH, mean Aβ40/42 levels did not differ among MCI, AD, or control patients. Plasma Aβ levels did rise with age, but were not related to AD history, severity, or acetylcholinesterase medication. “For sporadic AD, plasma Aβ itself is not likely to be a useful biomarker,” Growdon said.
+Even so, blood-based detection of amyloid-related markers is far from dead, at least when approached from a different angle. For example, researchers led by Andre Delacourte at INSERM in Lille, France, are trying to link to AD changes in certain C-terminal fragments of APP, as well as what they believe are pathological fragments of Aβ found in lymphocytes and platelets.
+It’s All in the Spine
+How about cerebrospinal fluid, then? Generally speaking, the invasive nature of a spinal tap has made American clinicians more reluctant to perform it than is the case in Europe, where CSF biomarker research has long been actively pursued. Kaj Blennow presented a summary of such work at the University of Goteborg in Sweden. Blennow noted that more than 45 biomarker studies have documented a large increase of CSF total tau (T-tau) in AD. However, the sensitivity (how many cases does it pick out?) and especially the specificity (how well does it distinguish between similar conditions?) of this measure limits its use as a diagnostic marker. CSF Aβ42 levels decrease with AD, but its specificity, too, is insufficient.
+By contrast, phosphorylated tau (P-tau) discriminates better between related disorders and will supersede total tau as a marker, Blennow said. Helping put to rest a debate about which of tau’s phosphorylation epitopes are best, Blennow reported that in a recent study, three different tau methods yielded the same results when compared in material from the same patients. The ability of the combination of T-tau, P-tau, and Aβ42 to predict who among a group of 52 MCI cases would progress to full-blown AD in two years reached a respectable 94 percent, Blennow reported. Furthermore, a study asking whether known CSF markers can predict who among a group of 54 healthy population-based people would develop AD found that both T-tau and Aβ42 were significantly changed as early as eight years prior to diagnosis; a community-based study yielded the same result. In a separate presentation, Mony de Leon, from New York University, reported similar results from his MCI study, concluding that the increase in CSF P-tau and decrease in Aβ42 can sharpen the diagnosis at early stages. The main limitation of these markers is that they differentiate AD poorly from other forms of dementia, Blennow said.
+Another important part of putting a putative biomarker through its paces involves testing whether it can identify the biochemical effect of a drug. Blennow reported that in AD patients who took the known acetylcholinesterase inhibitors donepezil or galantamine for 6 to 12 months, the researchers detected a marked increase in CSF acetylcholinesterase activity with donepezil, and a smaller increase with galantamine. Neither tau nor Aβ levels changed during this drug treatment, confirming again that these drugs improve symptoms but do not change the disease process.
+What about experimental treatments? CSF tau and Aβ levels did not budge, either, after treatment with clioquinol, a drug that disrupts metal-Aβ complexes (see Alzforum live discussion ). Nor did they change after up to 12 months of treatment with simvastatin or atorvastatin, Blennow said. This latter finding was a bit disheartening, because a small previous study had been able to detect a dent in CSF levels of Aβ40 in people with mild AD. Yet even when Blennow’s group divided the subjects in his small study into mild and moderate cases, CSF Aβ and tau stayed flat. “We could not reproduce that earlier trend,” Blennow said (see Simons et al., 2002, Sjogren et al., 2003).
+Faced with these stubbornly flat levels of CSF Aβ and tau after all these different treatments, Blennow asked if anything could nudge them up or down. Was the problem in the method? Apparently not, because in 15 people who sustained a head trauma, Aβ rose dramatically after four days and fell down again after 10 days. “So we can detect these changes but have not yet found a treatment that affects Aβ CSF levels,” Blennow concluded.
+Diagnosis by Committee: Biomarker Panels
+Surely, there must be other biomarkers that perhaps would nail a diagnosis when combined with P-tau or Aβ in a larger panel? One such candidate might be found around oxidative enzyme reactions in the CSF, reported Domenico Pratico of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Practico introduced 12/15 lipoxygenase as a member of an enzyme family that inserts molecular oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids and therefore represents an enzymatic source of oxidative products, rather than the free radicals commonly blamed for oxidative stress. After showing that relevant, amyloid-bearing brain regions of postmortem AD tissue had an increase in protein level and activity of this enzyme (Pratico et al., 2004), the researchers began exploring its potential as a future biomarker in living people with AD. In a study of 15 people with AD, 10 with MCI, and 20 controls, CSF levels of a biochemical 12/15 LOX readout were lowest in controls, higher in MCI cases, and yet higher in AD. This new data correlated with more established measures of oxidation, such as isoprostanes, and also with the expected Aβ42 decrease and tau increase in CSF, Pratico said (for review, see Pratico, 2005).
+Blennow described his group’s attempt at finding new members for a panel of biomarkers as focusing, in part, on a multiplex immunoassay called Luminex xMAP. Researchers coat microspheres with antibodies to several different putative biomarkers, and then use laser excitation and fluorescence to quantify the signal. Testing the method, Blennow’s group covered microspheres with antibodies to tau, Aβ42, and P-tau, and found that results in a first human study resembled ELISA in sensitivity and specificity. His group is now using the technique to explore marker cocktails including N-terminal Aβ fragments, Aβ oligomers, synaptic proteins, cytokines, growth factors, and other proteins.
+Several groups are performing CSF proteomics using surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (Seldi-Tof) mass spectrometry to look for marker patterns. Blennow noted that a collaboration of Swedish, Danish, and Finnish groups has identified some 30 components in peaks of increased and decreased proteins among 98 early AD patients, 31 FTD patients, and 49 controls. The component proteins include transthyretin, cystatin C (which has been implicated in AD since the 1980s, most recently by Cathcart et al., 2005), secretogranin, chromogranin, neuroendocrine protein, β 2 microglobulin, various oxidative stress proteins, and others. Individually, none of these predicts AD better than Aβ or P-tau, but in the right combination they may well, Blennow said.
+Gene expression microarrays and proteomics also serve to search for a genetic fingerprint of PD. Growdon and Peter Riederer at the University of Wuerzburg, Germany, both summarized such studies. Growdon mentioned initial data of an ongoing blood-based study of 100 idiopathic PD patients, which has to date identified genes of cellular quality control pathways, mitochondrial genes, and others. Likewise, Riederer’s group has begun a proteomics study with PD patients who donate a blood sample every six months for three years.
+In addition, Riederer summarized a microarray study performed with Moussa Youdim at Technion in Haifa, Israel, in which the scientists used substantia nigra tissue samples from sporadic PD patients to establish two groups of about 70 genes whose expression went either up or down in that brain region. Standing out from among the genes whose expression dropped was SKP1A, which is part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex in substantia nigra and could help explain proteasome dysfunction in PD. Another gene whose expression went down (and which also comes with a biological rationale), is aldehyde dehydrogenase. It functions in dopamine metabolism. These and other genes are being investigated in blood samples of PD patients and healthy people to see whether any of them could pass muster as future biomarkers, said Riederer (see also Grunblatt et al., 2004).—Gabrielle Strobel.
+Q&A with Kaj Blennow
+Q: I would expect CSF AChE to decrease after treatment with AChE inhibitors?
+A: This increase is a mystery. When we performed our study, our hypothesis was to find a decrease, but we found the reverse. We do not have a good explanation, but this finding has been replicated by other groups (Parnetti et al., 2002). The best guess today is that it is a compensatory upregulation.
+Q: With such unexpected results, what ‘s the upshot of your CSF drug studies?
+A: The main conclusion from our study is that using CSF,
+1) it is possible to identify and monitor a biochemical effect of a drug;
+2) it is possible to identify differences between drugs with different modes of action (donepezil vs. galantamine);
+3) the changes in CSF are dose-dependent;
+4) the changes correlate with the clinical effect of the drug.
+Q: What’s the future of CSF analysis?
+A: We hope that CSF analyses can be of value to identify and monitor the biochemical effect of new types of treatment, such as BACE1 inhibitors or Aβ vaccination regimes. We also think that there may be two types of CSF biomarkers for BACE1 inhibitors and Aβ vaccination:
+1) "Primary" or "Specific" biomarkers based on the mode of action, i.e., Aβ42, Aβ40, α-sAPP and β-sAPP to directly monitor Aβ metabolism, but also
+2) "Secondary" or "downstream" CSF biomarkers, e.g., CSF T-tau (or other markers for neuronal degeneration such as NSE), to monitor if these drugs also will slow down the degenerative process.
+References May;164(5):1655-62. PubMed.
+- Praticò D. Peripheral biomarkers of oxidative damage in Alzheimer's disease: the road ahead. Neurobiol Aging. 2005 May;26(5):581-3. PubMed.
+- Cathcart HM, Huang R, Lanham IS, Corder EH, Poduslo SE. Cystatin C as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2005 Feb 22;64(4):755-7. Dec;111(12):1543-73. PubMed.
+- Amici S, Lanari A, Romani R, Antognelli C, Gallai V, Parnetti L. Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholinesterase activity after long-term treatment with donepezil and rivastigmina. Mech Ageing Dev. 2001 Nov;122(16):2057-62. PubMed.
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+The National Steel Guitar Part One: An Introduction
+By Al Handa
+Each era of music has its share of definitive guitars. In the 70's, for example, the Les Paul electric became THE heavy metal and hard rock guitar. In the 60's, Jim Hendrix made the Fender Stratocaster the definitive rock instrument. Both of those had one advantage that the 20's bluesmen didn't have. That was electrical amplification of sound.
+Back then, however, Blues guitarists had the next best thing; the National Resonator type guitar, which was three to five times as loud as any made of wood, and impervious to the often instrument-unfriendly environments of the tent shows and juke joints. This was because the guitar was made of metal, which is what makes it instantly recognizable to even the newest Blues fan.
+Back then, in the tent shows and hot, sweaty juke joints, the blues artists had to make themselves heard over the normal noise of an often severely chemically impaired crowd (some things never change). It was worse for women singers, who often fronted large jazz bands.
+Legends like Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith were not just talented vocalists. They were LOUD talented vocalists whose vocal chords could cut through a ten piece band and be heard in the back rows of a tent (which was probably the worst acoustic environment for sound).
+It was a bit better for those who played in juke joints, which were often simply convenient rooms to sell bootleg liquor. Most who entertained in such places were solo artists, accompanied by guitar, and maybe a second person playing harp (unless you had a jug or string band).
+There were also street musicians who played on corners, but that's been overemphasized in the quest to present a more sanitized version of the early Blues. Back then, you played on street corners for fun, some pocket change, and if you didn't have a paying gig or recording contract.
+The acoustics in a juke were better, but the proximity to the crowd (this is pre-bouncers in T-shirts era stuff) made the preservation of one's instrument a real concern. Also, most guitars couldn't stop a stray bullet either, which was one occupational hazard of the era. Luckily, most guitars back then were catalog types like the Stella, which were as sturdy as wood could get back then.
+In any case, you had to be one LOUD sucker. Which in 1928 had an added benefit; which was that due to the recording technology of the era, only those who could project their music could make that steel needle shake and jive enough to produce a decent 78 rpm master disc.
+TAMPA RED.
+WHAT MAKES A NATIONAL A NATIONAL?
+Which of course, leads us to the question, just what is a National Steel guitar?
+We've all seen the metal body which is the hallmark of the type. However, it's what's under all that metal that makes it different than any wood guitar.
+To understand what a National is all about, you have to understand that the purpose of the Tricone and single resonator is to amplify sound. The basic principle is fairly simple and best explained by Bob Brozman in his classic book, "The History & Artistry of National Resonator Instruments" (which was written by Bob with Dr. John Dopyera, Jr., Richard R. Smith, and Gary Atkinson).
+Bob states that "later efforts to amplify stringed instruments were inspired by the technology of Edison and Victrola phonographs. The principle component of these early non-electric phonographs was a pickup head that transmitted sound from the stylus to a small mica disc. The disc acted like a banjo skin or the paper in a kazoo. It amplified the sound."
+This sound was transmitted to the listener using a long horn, or megaphone. The first instruments using this principle were violins made in 1910 (or thereabouts). Those used a cone shaped disc made of thin aluminum, with a horn that stuck out of the instrument. Some guitars using this device were also made.
+THE TRICONE MODEL IS BORN
+In the 1920's, two Los Angeles men came together, originally to make a new type of guitar using the horn principle, whom would together create the National Resonator guitar as we know it. The amount of responsibility each had in creating it is, as Brozman describes in his book, is disputed by the various parties. However, there's no doubt that both were important to the creation of the first Tricone guitar.
+George Beauchamp's first idea was to create a "wild looking" Hawaiian guitar which sat on a stand and had a horn attached to the bottom. John Dopyera built it, as Brozman relates, "against his better judgment--he knew George's idea wouldn't work before it was made." Beauchamp did use this eccentric gizmo of a guitar on the vaudeville circuit, but abandoned it. It was a perfect stage guitar with unusual looks, but it sounded terrible.
+George then suggested to John that he build one based on the same principle as the mica disc on a Victrola. John experimented with various other materials, such as pressed fiber, glass, tin and other metals. He settled on a very thin, conical shaped aluminum resonator design, used in a set of three connected with a T-bar inside an all metal body.
+Dopyera used three as it mellowed the sound, as opposed to using one large cone which was louder, but harsher in tone and with less sustain. He applied for a patent on this Tricone guitar in 1927, which was finally granted in 1930.
+Beauchamp found some investors, and in a short time, the National String Instrument Company was formed. Factory production of this remarkable new guitar began in 1927, and by the next year, the company was producing hundreds a week.
+THE SINGLE RESONATOR MODEL IS BORN
+It was then when the first problems between the two founders emerged. Dopyera had rejected the single resonator idea earlier, but in Beauchamp's mind, it was the perfect design for a lower cost instrument. The Tricone was more expensive, and mainly bought by professionals, and that market couldn't last forever.
+In fact, during the Great Depression, it was the single cone type (which was patented by George in 1929) that as the author Brozman puts it, "not only became a good seller, saving the company from the Great Depression, but a sizable part of the National legacy."
+One could also add that while the National was originally intended for Hawaiian and Jazz work, the adoption of the instrument by blues artists also contributed to the company's survival. This wasn't Dopyera's intent, as he probably didn't even know what the Blues were.
+However, as Marie Gaines quotes Don Young of National Reso-Phonic, "It was the creativity and ingenuity of those early musicians that caused the National guitar to find its niche in the blues, and that is why we are in business today. Blues is now considered a classical American music style and the National guitar is the classical guitar of that genre."
+However, Beauchamp's patent was the cause of the schism between the two. Dopyera left National afterwards, which cost him his original patents, and his partner continued to run the company.
+Dopyera doesn't disappear from history though. He then formed the Dobro Manufacturing Company, which created a single cone resonator guitar with a new design (and a guitar that still bears the name). Later, after some rather complicated moves, National merged with Dobro, and we will cover that in a later installment of this series.
+Simply put, all these events resulted in two major designs, the Tricone and the Single Resonator. As stated earlier, the Tricone has a smoother sound that sustains (the notes last longer), and the latter a sharper, and clearer sound. Which is better is really a moot point, as one could say it is like choosing between Tampa Red and Son House.
+End of Part One
+The National Steel Guitar Part Two
+By Al Handa
+More about the various types, and the blues artists who played Nationals
+There were now two types of National Steel Guitars, not including the version now manufactured by Dobro. Those were the Tricone and Single-Cone models. As said earlier, the Tricone has a smoother tone, with richer sustain. The single cone was louder, with a tone that had a lot of "attack."
+That's an oversimplification when one realizes that two guitars of the same make and model can sound different. Each of the two categories has subcategories, so it can be confusing. There's no substitute for hearing each type being played, but I'll do my best to describe the various models that emerged, and the general sound characteristics of each.
+Even Bob Brozman, someone who made the most exhaustive study of this guitar found it a daunting task to identify every model made from 1927 to 1941. Bob said, "At a peak production of nearly 50 instruments a day, literally thousands must have been made. Certain models are found fairly often, while others are quite rare or even unknown."
+Bob Brozman considered five main categories in identifying year and model.
+Those were:
+1. Resonator: Three-cone or single-cone.
+2. Body: German silver, brass, steel, or wood.
+3. Guitar Bodies: Neck joins at the 12-fret or 14-fret.
+4. Guitar Necks: Hawaiian (square) or Spanish (round).
+5. Headstocks: Slotted 91927-1935) or solid (1936-41).
+Also, Bob broke those down into time categories, which correspond to the major historical periods of the company:
+1. Prototypes, false starts, and earliest produced.
+2. Models of the John Dopyera era 1928-1929.
+3. Models of the Depression years 1929-1935.
+4. Models of the Chicago era 1935-1941.
+To keep things simple, I'm not going to discuss the custom models and other stringed instruments at this point. There was one common denominator to all of the above: The Company used one series of "Style Numbers" to indicate the materials used, and the ornamentation. All of the styles were nickel-plated with some exceptions, most used ivory celluloid fingerboard binding. The style numbers ran from 1-4, 35, and 97. There were others, like an "N" or "O" style also.
+There are two exceptions I have to note, the Duolian and Triolian models, which had wood bodies. It's important to note that, as these are the ones often confused with "Dobro" type guitars, which also had wood bodies.
+Price is always important
+Now, the price of these models is important to note. While the Nationals weren't made with the Blues market in mind, these guitars certainly began showing up in the hands of artists like Tampa Red early on.
+Nowadays, a National is a premium priced item, so it can lead one to believe that the guitars were always expensive. That isn't really the case. Also, the model prices didn't change all that much, and in some cases, stayed the same throughout the history of the company.
+The 1930's era price list
+In Bob Brozman's book, he notes that the price of the various models weren't that out of line with other makes. Here are two 1930's era price lists:
+National:
+Martin Guitars:
+Duolian: $32.00-35.00 D-18: $55.00
+Triolian: $45.00-47.50 D-28: $100.00
+Style O: $62.00-65.00 D-45: $200.00
+Style 1: $125.00
+Style 2: $145.00
+Style 3: $165.00
+Style 4: $195.00
+As one can see, a Style O didn't cost much more than a Martin D-18. Also, the "O" was a single resonator type, and the most inexpensive metal body model. It was the single cone models that saved the company from the effects of the Great Depression. The Tricone’s were the instruments of choice for professionals and advanced students. However, the high end market eventually became saturated, and it was the Style O and others like it that became the big sellers.
+At this point, all you have are a bunch of model names, which I'll be the first to admit, means nothing. However, one can deduce certain things from what we've seen so far. The most obvious is that your average Blues artist probably played (for the most part) a Style O or cheaper model. In the case of Tampa Red, he was a successful musician for his time, and could afford a Tricone. Others probably got a Duolian or Triolian. The price of a Duolian probably made it worthwhile to save a bit and get one, as opposed to buying a cheaper all wood Stella.
+Playing the National
+When you pick up a National and begin playing, one can see reasons to prefer it. The bodies were smaller (since box size wasn't necessary to create volume) and that made it easy to hold and play. This wasn't a small consideration for a Blues musician who may have had to play all day or night.
+Also, it had that same quality a good electric guitar has, which is that even the simplest rhythm work has a supercharged quality to it because of the way the volume and tone are delivered. No wood guitar can be as explosive, or sustain sweet slide passages as well. In other words, the perfect guitar for a street corner or noisy juke joint. It’s a guitar that sounds like it has a rhythm section built in.
+The best way to begin delving into this guitar is to list several famous Blues artists who used Nationals, and examine what type they had, and the sound they achieved. Most of the artists are familiar. So, for example, when I discuss Bukka White, it'll be fairly easy to find recordings to add real sound examples to my descriptions. For those of you who may not know a particular artist, this can lead to a new discovery.
+Blues Artists and their Nationals:
+Obviously, there are modern Blues artists who use Nationals, and I'll cover them in the future. For the next few installments of this series, we'll examine the players listed. The intent won't be to provide a definitive bio of each, but to see how the guitar helped them shape their individual sound and approach. In doing so, in small steps, you'll understand how the various types of Nationals differed.
+I can tell you that a Style O has a harsher, more aggressive tone than the Tricone. However, it may simply be easier to see how Tampa Red differed from Son House. How they approached their instruments was shaped by the type they used, although Bukka White and his energetic style would seem to be an exception (being as he used a Tricone). However, the qualities that made up the Tricone did in fact work consistently for both Tampa Red and Bukka. That's something that will become clearer in the next part.
+The National Steel Guitar Part Three
+By Al Handa
+TAMPA RED AND SON HOUSE
+In the last part, I listed Blues artists who played Nationals. Starting with this installment, two or three will be profiled at a time. Most of the ones I'll be discussing will be well known, so as each is discussed, you can re-listen a National. It was generally a single-resonator type, have a different sound as each used the best qualities of their instruments.
+In the next installment, I'll discuss a Blues legend drew out the best of an instrument, and that the Tricone was the ideal guitar for that greatest of storytellers, Bukka White.
+The National Steel Guitar Part Four
+By Al Handa
+Black Ace, Sol Hoopii, and the Hawaiian Slide Style
+One of the few Bluesmen to play their National in the Hawaiian style (on the lap, using a slide) was B.K. Turner, better known as Black Ace. He was born in Hughes Springs, Texas in 1907, and was first exposed to music through his local church. This stimulated his interest in music, and he became a self-taught guitarist on a homemade instrument.
+Ace worked with Smokey Hogg in the early 30's, and then met Oscar Buddy Woods in Shreveport, Louisiana. Oscar played his National Hawaiian style, and this convinced Turner to adopt that method also. He bought a Style 2 square neck Tricone, and after an abortive attempt to play it in the standard position, switched to playing it on his lap. In addition, he worked out special tunings to complement the type of slide used, in his case, an empty medicine bottle.
+Oscar Buddy Woods
+Oscar Buddy Woods was the direct line from the great Hawaiian slide guitarists to Black Ace. As Bob Brozman relates in his book, "The History and Artistry of National Resonator Instruments," "It is said that Woods decided to play lap-style after seeing a performance by a traveling Hawaiian show in the early 1920s.
+Before continuing with the story of Turner, aka Black Ace, it would be a good idea to understand a little about the Hawaiian style of slide, which would be such an influence on the Blues. For most, the picture that the term "Hawaiian style" conjures up is of Hula Girls, swaying to this mellow, liquid smooth slide music (a staple of 50's films).
+This would hardly seem like a major influence on Blues slide, but that is because that Hula Girl image is only a small cinematic image, a tourist industry stereotype. In reality, Hawaiian steel guitar music in the 20's and 30's was a major and very sophisticated genre, which also encompassed Jazz, and Blues.
+Early Hawaiian Guitar
+To go back into the early history of Hawaiian guitar is like the early Jazz days. Before King Oliver and Louis Armstrong, you had Buddy Bolden, one of the first giants of the genre who lived and died before the era of mass produced records. In the case of Hawaiian music, you have, as Brozman states, "the first generation guitarists like David Kaili, Joseph Kekuku (who is generally recognized as the inventor of Hawaiian guitar), and Pale K. Lua, all who were touring and recording on the mainland by 1912.
+Sol Hoopii, The Greatest Hawaiian National Player
+However, the best known National player of that genre was Sol Hoopii, who Brozman states "is without a doubt the most important and musically influential Hawaiian guitarists of this century. In addition to affecting all Hawaiian guitarists, Sol also had great influence on Western Swing and Country music. He was a great traditional Hawaiian stylist, but was the first to really blend jazz and blues with the Hawaiian steel sound."
+Sol was born Solomon Hoopii Kaai in Honolulu in 1902, and was one of 21 children. He began playing the ukulele at the age of three, and had moved on to guitar by age six. His heroes were Kaili, Kekuku, and Lau, and at the age of 17, decided that their success was connected to their tours on the mainland.
+So, he stowed away with two friends on a liner heading for San Francisco, which almost ended in disaster as they were soon discovered. However, they so charmed the passengers with their music that they all chipped in to pay the fares for this new Hawaiian trio. This may not be 100% true, but to paraphrase Rousseau, we aren't interested in facts, but in the truth. The story stands in this account.
+Sol moved from San Francisco to Los Angeles in the early 20's, and made his official debut at a local chop sue house. He met Lani McIntire and Glenwood Leslie and formed the Sol Hoopii Novelty Trio which became a famous recording group by the late 20's. Bob Brozman states that "his records of 1926-1938 were issued in many countries worldwide, and his name is still legendary among all Hawaiian steel players all over the world."
+Sol's Style and Influence
+The main elements of his slide style were incredibly fast single string work, the ability to play Jazz and Blues as well as any artist of the time, and a relaxed, yet powerful sense of melody, all keyed by blazingly fast and powerful right hand picking technique.
+One other effect Sol had was to make the National a popular instrument. Sol used a prototype Tricone, and was later given two by John Dopyera, one of which had Sol's name engraved on it. The story has less than a happy ending, as Dopyera later found that Sol had pawned one of the pair.
+Sol's effect on the popularity of the National was immense. By 1929, three years after his first recordings with a National, 90 percent of Hawaiian recording artists were using this type of guitar.
+Brozman sums up Sol's effect on American music: "Sol stands alone as the acknowledged king of the Hawaiian steel guitar. The other top players of Nationals were Tau Moe, Sam Ku West, Jim and Bob, Sol K. Bright and Benny Nawahi. They came close to having Sol's abilities and they stand above the rest. However the shriving players on the list will certainly grant Sol his title. He alone popularized the National more than these other players put together, and forever changed American popular music.
+Brozman adds, "Very few other musicians come to mind that were both influenced by American music AND went on to greatly influence American music."
+Back To Black Ace
+So, this was the music that influenced Oscar Buddy Woods, who in turn influenced Black Ace. Ace and Woods mainly played in open G and D tunings. Both were fine players, although Ace was the less technical of the two.
+The trademarks of Ace's style were carefully thought out lyrics and structures supported by guitar work that was simpler than the Hawaiian style, and closer to bottleneck slide Blues. However, the smooth tone he got with his style 2 Tricone was a sharp contrast to the harsher tone of the Delta.
+Black Ace found more opportunities as the Depression began to ease in the mid-1930s, and he began to tour as far as Louisiana and Oklahoma. He settled in Ft. Worth, Texas, and it was there a talent scout for Decca Records signed him to a contract. This resulted in six sides, including the song that gave him his professional name, "I Am The Black Ace."
+Vocalion also recorded him, but only issued two sides under a different name, Buck Turner. Ace also did frequent radio performances between 1936 and 1941, and even appeared in the 1937 film, "The Blood of Jesus," as a performer."
+World War II interrupted his career in 1943. After his term, he didn't return to music, and he and his wife were picking cotton for a living. In 1950, he was working as a janitor at the Ft. Worth Airport.
+In 1960, he was re-discovered by Chris Strachwitz, and he recorded an album for Arhoolie Records. Also in 1962, he appeared in another film, "The Blues." That was the last of his music until he passed away in Ft. Worth in 1972.
+Black Ace remains one of the more obscure artists in the Blues, yet his music is still esteemed by fans of slide guitar. In Texas, he is still being re-discovered by new generations of Blues slide fans who seek out artists like Ace, Hop Wilson, and others who played guitar in the Hawaiian style.
+This article, and the series that will follow it rely heavily on the classic book, "The History and Artistry of NATIONAL Resonator Instruments" by Bob Brozman. Brozman is also one of the foremost National Steel Guitar players in the world.
+Bob Brozman's
+web site. Also, a series of this depth wouldn't be possible without the cooperation of the National Reso-Phonic Guitar, Inc., who has provided advice and materials in the research phases. The photos used in this piece are courtesy of National Reso-Phonic Guitars, Inc. Special thanks to Don Young, and Marie Gaines of National Reso-Phonic for their help and cooperation in creating this series
+Copyright © 1998 by Al Handa. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission from the author.
+Website by
+Rodarte Designs
+From the kitchen of One Perfect Bite...How green is my valley? At this time of year, it looks like waves of velvet have washed it in shades of green that shimmer as it captures light. In another week, apple trees, now in flower, will drop their petals in a flurry that resembles falling snow and if you venture outside the city there are hectares of aching beauty just begging to be seen. Another green, asparagus, has begun its long climb toward the sun and in a week or two the season will be in full swing. While it is one of my favorite vegetables, I rarely prepare it when it's out of season. At this time of year, however, I make it several times a week. When the season ends, asparagus disappears from my kitchen. I do, however, collect recipes for it throughout the year. I suspect my one real talent in the kitchen is the ability to taste a recipe as it is read. Very few duds make it to my table. There are mistakes to be sure, but not a lot of them. I came across a recipe for a spring salad that was developed by John Ash for Fine Cooking magazine. I knew it would be a standout as I read through the recipe and, sure enough, it was. The salad consists of strips of shaved asparagus and cheese that are tossed with arugula and hazelnuts in a special vinaigrette. It was a perfect way to begin our Easter dinner. I hope you will try this. I know those of you who do will be delighted. Here's the recipe.
+Shaved Asparagus Salad with Aged Gouda and Hazelnuts...from the kitchen of One Perfect Bite courtesy of John Ash and Fine Cooking magazine
+Ingredients:
+Vinaigrette
+3 tablespoons seasoned rice vinegar
+2 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
+2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
+1 tablespoon fragrant honey, such as wild flower or orange blossom
+1 tablespoon finely chopped shallots
+Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
+Asparagus
+3/4 lb. thick asparagus, trimmed
+3 cups baby arugula
+1/2 cup toasted, peeled, and chopped hazelnuts
+2-1/2 oz. thinly shaved aged Gouda (use a vegetable peeler)
+Directions:
+1) To make vinaigrette: Whisk vinegar, lemon juice, olive oil, honey, shallots and salt and pepper together in a small bowl. Cover and refrigerate.
+2) To make salad: Remove tips of asparagus and put them in a large bowl. Using a vegetable peeler, shave a stalk discarding first shaving. When shaving first side becomes awkward, turn stalk over and repeat. Add shavings to tips. Repeat with remaining stalks. Toss asparagus with 1/3 cup of vinaigrette and let sit for 10 to 15 minutes so that flavors meld and asparagus softens just a bit. Marinate for no more than 15 minutes because strips will lose their crispness as they sit. Add arugula and hazelnuts and toss, adding more dressing as necessary to lightly coat arugula. Arrange on plates and top with shaved cheese. Serve immediately. Yield: 4 to 6 servings.
+One Year Ago Today: Goat Herder's Mac N' Cheese
+Two Years Ago Today: Coffee Walnut Snack Cake
+You might also enjoy these recipes:
+Asian Noodle and Cabbage Salad - Karista's Kitchen
+Jazzy Carrot Salad - Bless Us O Lord
+Chickpea Salad with Tamarind Dressing - Lisa's Kitchen
+Creamy Cucumber Salad with Fresh Dill - La Bella Vita
+Un-Cobb Salad - Simply Recipes
+Greek Salad - Pioneer Woman Cooks
+Lemon Coleslaw - One Perfect Bite
+Endive, Pear and Watecress Salad - One Perfect Bite
+Scallion and Asparagus Salad - One Perfect Bite
+Israeli Salad - One Perfect Bite
+91 comments :
+I am loving this combination! Hazelnuts, gouda asparagus and arugula. Ok, I'll have to admit, it's the arugula that really is the star to me. Green valleys rule!
+I love asparagus and will be perfect as a side for Sunday brunch! Thanks for sharing the recipe!
+Mary, I just had asparagus but baked ones and yours is so much healthier. Love the combination of aged gouda and hazelnuts and I have KIV the vinaigrette recipe too :) Have a great Spring day with the beauty of apple flower petals on the ground...ohh I can imagine how beautiful that will be :)
+Blessings,
+Elin
+Mmmm, so yummy and healthy - the colour is so inviting to eat it.
+Thanks for your nice comment on my cake!
+Cheers,
+Yasmin
+yummy n healthy love it..
+Hi Mary! Thank you for leaving a comment on beef donburi on my website. I'm new to the food blogging and I'm very happy to find your website. You don't have a facebook page or subscribe via email right? I wasn't sure if I'm actually missing it or you don't have it. I am following you on twitter though. It's really, really nice to meet you Mary! Your cooking, pictures, and website are all amazing.
+I also don't use asparagus out of season. It's only just in season here and this look so delicious. Really fresh and vibrant, just what you need at this time of year.
+o.k.!!we are reading the same magazine!!!!!it's my best!!!! i love it and i made this recipe, too and wrote it in my blog. i doubled the vinaigrette and it was delicious!
+Crunchy asparagus salad looks simply interesting and fabulous..
+Great and refreshing looking salad..perfect for summer..
+I love this recipe... It sounds so perfect for a brunch! I am such a big fan of your cooking... you inspire me :)
+I've never shaved asparagus. How interesting. I really like the idea of the vinegar plus citrus in the vinaigrette. Lovely as always Mary. Hope you and your family have a wonderful Easter.
+Sam
+Delicious, as always!
+Golly. that looks so beautiful, fresh and crunchy... I just want to dive into it!
+Robyn x
+I especially love the arugula but all of a sudden my tastes changed and I love asparagus. What a delicious combination, not to mention gorgeous and healthy!
+Looks so delicious and this salad is very healthy!
+This looks like the perfect spring salad - lovely!
+I really like this idea. You are such an inspiration!
+I have been wanting to make a shaved asparagus salad for some time now. You have made this your own Mary!!
+Oh, my! This sounds delicious! Asparagus is one of my top 3 favorite veggies. I hope you had a wonderful Easter, Mary. Thanks for sharing!
+What an elegant salad, Mary! The asparagus is gorgeous and I really love the hazelnuts for a little nutty crunch and flavor!
+That looks yummy. The ability to know if a recipe is good just by looking at it would definitely be nice :)
+Love the flavor combination in this salad...so light and fresh! Perfect for this time of year...and sounds as if this is a great time of year for you all too. All the beauty you are surrounded by...it seems almost heavenly! :)
+Oh this sounds so good especially with asparagus in season!
+This is SUCH a chic salad! I'm bad about buying asparagus out of season b/c I just love it roasted so much, and it's easy! I've never tried it raw, but this salad is the perfect opportunity! LOVE the gouda!
+I've seen several delicious looking shaved asparagus salads lately, but this one really stands apart with the inclusion of gouda and hazelnuts!
+Yhis fully green salad looks pretty good. Very soon fresh aspargus will be ready here. Then, I'll try this recipe, for sure!
+I'm in love with this salad combination! Can't wait to run out and get some asparagus for this! And I always love an excuse to get a hunk of gouda!
+What an excellent salad!Love all the ingredients,especially asparagus!
+Your salad looks & sounds delicious! I will definitely try this.
+Hubby is one of those people too, that can tell a winner when he reads it. Lucky me!
+This has all the makings for a great salad! Looks wonderful.
+Holy cow. This salad looks outstanding. I love the gouda and the fragrant honey. Mmmm...
+My family loves asparagus. I also only use it when it is in season. I have always wanted to try growing it in the garden, but have never tried. This salad looks beautiful Mary! I love the combination of flavors and textures. I hope to try this soon.
+Sounds delicious! I love the look of shaved asparagus, and it must be great with hazelnuts and gouda!
+i love hazelnuts on salads. this sounds great!
+Sounds like a perfect salad to me! I love hazelnuts :) have a lovely day, in Toronto it's raining today :(
+This salad sounds so delicious and healthy. As you know, I am on a mission to get fit and 'skinny' before our anniversary trip : ) This salad would fit perfectly into my new lifestyle change! Printing now!!
+After feasting for days, I am on the lookout for vegetable-centric recipes and here you are! I even have some tosted, chopped hazelnuts waiting for me in the fridge. You never disappoint and now I have dinner!
+Looks so delicious and very healthy!I need salads like this in sprigtime Mary! have a good day, hugs...
+will.be.making. The NewYorkTimes had an article a while back about 100 simple salads, one of them, with shaved asparagus has become a standard in my dining room. Perfect time of year for it. So much of the stuff in the farmers markets right now.
+Guaaaaaaaau!!!!
+Que pinta más buena. Un saludo
+Mary, this looks so light & delicious.
+Talk about spring on a plate...this is it. Gorgeous salad Mary and I love your description of the beautiful Willamette Valley. It can't possibly be as green as I am right now. LOL
+Mary, look, I'm enjoying this combination of products, I think is a perfect salad, and then with the vinaigrette and hazelnuts, I'll try it at home, after all I need to lose a few pounds and eat healthy food!
+Kisses
+Mary, That is one great looking salad! It looks good enough I could almost skip the meat course... Thanks for the recipe! Take Care, Big Daddy Dave
+I have been seeing shaved asparagus all over the internet and I had it in a salad while we were out to eat over the weekend. I must try this!!
+Thank you for the sweet comment over at my blog, I appreciate you stopping by!
+The gouda and hazelnuts sounds like an interesting combo against the asparagus. Great recipe!
+I love this salad! I am eating lots of these varieties right now, part of my healthy eating lifestyle now, but I adore the addition of 'extras' in my salad.
+I am also craving that goat cheese mac n cheese you have on her from a year ago...you temptress!
+I haven't seen this combination before, but it must be an explosion of flavours! I love asparagus, and so does my little one, so this is definitely on the list of things to do. Have a wonderful week!
+this is so delighting , so green and healthy! i must try the gouda one day and see if i like them..
+Shaved asparagus is absolutely delightful! I love tossing it with pecorino shavings too. Thanks for the recipe!
+I'm seeing a lot of asparagus recipes at the moment, which is great because it's a yummy vegetable! I agree perfect for Easter, I hope you had a good Easter!
+After a week on the farm, i need some roughage ... this salad looks like a good place to start!
+This is actually the second shaved asparagus recipe I found in my google reader today. Guess I am seeing a trend. I just love the sound of it because it sounds so elegant and unusual.
+I have never seen such an unusual recipe! It is almost like a work of art. My best friend has maybe had her cancer return, and she found out asparagus has a compound in it that can help destroy cancer. So she is pureeing it like baby food so she can eat a lot more. She eats an awful lot and in fact overdosed on it once and called the hospital!! I will likely give her this recipe.
+No one cooks like you dear Mary! What a lovely combination! So delicious and healthy! Have a nice evening!
+Cheers
+Mamatkamal
+This sounds like something we would love, Mary. We love asparagus any way it is fixed but with this nut and cheese combo, it would be marvelous.
+I wonder if I would like asparagus better shaved?
+Thanks for this one another good idea to what to do with my asparagus. Diane
+I'll have to try this. I've never eaten raw asparagus before, but this salad looks delicious!
+I love how healthy and green that salad looks! Those kind of foods really make you feel so alive.
+Love gouda cheese, this salad has crunchy hazelnuts. Perfect one.
+A lovely salad, Mary. The asparagus is marvelous right now..I'm eating it several times a week.
+I've seen the shaving before but haven't tried it yet. Nice light vinaigrette, too.
+This is a must make soon!
+:) delicioso, qué bueno
+What a gorgeous spring salad!
+Oh! Mary what a nice salad...love the combination of arugula, asparagus, gouda cheese and hazelnut, so many different texture in one bite. Hope you have a great week ahead :-)
+I only eat asparagus in season too, and I'm really enjoying it right now! The shave pieces look great in your salad.
+I was glancing through Mario Batali's newest book the other night and saw a recipe for shaved asparagus salad. I was a little unsure of his recipe, but this one looks fabulous! I love the touch with the hazelnuts.
+I'm thinking of doing an asparagus blog post this week. Alas, it will not be touting the abundance of the green spring spear!! I drove out to my favorite farm and came home with a handful. What to do? What to do?
+Best,
+Bonnie
+I love this asparagus salad with aged gouda! It makes a great side too.
+I love asparagus and have never thought of a salad. I love all of these ingredients. I am adding this to dinner next week.
+Fondly,
+Glenda
+ps. I read "How Green is my Valley" in high school. All I remember is that it was really long.
+Very healthy and nutty looking spring salad.Thanks for sharing.
+Mary - love your blog! Thank you for commenting on The Orange Bee so that I would find your blog also. I am a newbie in the blog world - but totally enjoy it. I love asparagus and have some in the frig so now I know what to serve with our grilled cheese on sourdough tonight!
+I saw this one as well on Fine Cooking and loved the look.I want to try it soon before the veggie disappears!
+You got the perfect picture of it, worthy of the magazine!
+Looks wonderful! A perfect way to use all of the asparagus in the market right now!
+I love this! I have my son and his girlfriend often for a weekend meal and I kind of show off; this salad will do the trick; thank you Mary.
+Rita
+This looks like a perfect Spring salad, Mary.
+I am a HUGE asparagus lover also, but like you I never eat it out of season. I looked back at my old posts the other day and I haven't had it since last June! I'm loving the sound of this salad and you're right...it will definitely be making it to my table!
+This sounds like a perfect spring salad! Yum! I bet the Gouda and hazelnuts are delicious with the asparagus!!
+i'm excited about anything with gouda in it, especially when it's a gorgeous veggie like asparagus.
+I just discovered that I love gouda. Where have I been all these years? This looks like a wonderful recipe to make with it.
+Such a unique, yet delectable salad...I know I'd love it :)
+This asparagus arugula salad looks wonderful. Your photo makes it seem mouthwatering! Thanks for sharing... and for checking out our blog. I've been following yours for a while and am always impressed.
+That looks delicious!
+Hi Mary, thank you for visiting my blog and your kind words. You have so many amazing recipes, I am looking forward to trying them soon, I bookmarked a few already. I also subscribed to your blog. I'll be a regular visitor from now on. Thank you for sharing this gorgeous salad.
+This is the neatest salad idea ever! I would never have thought to shave asparagus - how completely neat is that.
+Hey Mary did you get my email from a couple days ago..? I sent it to the one left with your comments. :)
+I am so glad you posted on my blog the other day - it allowed me to link to you here on your blog as well! I am an asparagus 'freak' and have bookmarked this recipe - I'll let you know when I make it.... probably very soon!
+I love asparagus...and hazelnuts...and especially Gouda! I'm definitely going to have to try this!
+Thanks for stopping by my blog and for the kind comments. I'm your newest follower and can't wait to peruse all of your wonderful recipes!
+What a fantastic combo of glorious ingredients! Well done. I'm going to try this one soon for sure.
+Lots of yummy love,
+Alex aka Ma What's For Dinner
+I was looking through your site and I don't even know where to begin everything looks absolutely DIVINE! I love your site! so glad we found each other's blogs =]
+Yes! Hazelnuts in a salad! It is sad that this is such a rare sight for my eyes. What a wonderful combination of ingredients you have here. Yummy!
+RBI/2009-10/83
+UBD. CO.BPD.(PCB).MC.No. 9 /12.05.001/2009-2010
+July 1, 2009
+Chief Executive Officers of
+All Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks
+Dear Sir
+Master Circular Inspection & Audit Systems in Primary (Urban)Co-op. Banks
+Please refer to our Master Circular UBD.BPD.(PCB).MC.No.9 /12.05.001
+Inspection & Audit Systems in
+Primary (Urban)Co-op. Banks
+Contents
+Sr. No
+1.
+Introduction
+2.
+Ghosh Committee Recommendations on Internal Inspection and Audit
+2.1
+Internal Audit Machinery
+2.2
+Periodicity of Internal audit
+2.3
+Coverage of Internal Audit
+2.4
+Supplementary Short Inspections
+2.5
+Revenue Audit
+2.6
+Credit Portfolio Audit
+3.
+Other Areas of importance
+3.1
+Investment Portfolio Audit
+3.2
+Compliance with Prudential Norms
+3.3
+Cheque Purchase Transactions
+4
+Concurrent Audit Systems
+5
+Audit for Electronic Data Processing (EDP) System
+6
+Audit Committee of Board (Apex Audit Committee)
+Annexure I
+Note on Concurrent Audit System
+Appendix
+List of Circulars Consolidated in the Master Circular
+1. Introduction
+1.1 It has been observed that quite often the internal inspection machinery in banks has failed to highlight and pinpoint the existence of gross and serious irregularities such as improper credit appraisal, disbursement without observing the terms of sanction,failure to exercise proper post-disbursement supervision,even suppression of information relating to unauthorised excess drawals allowed, kite flying in bills and cheques, etc.-op. banks commended for adoption by them are indicated below:
+2.1 Internal Audit Machinery
+The banks should introduce a sound system of internal audit. With a view to strengthening the credibility of the inspection system in detecting cases of frauds/malpractices, steps need to be taken to gear up the inspection/audit machinery and to improve the quality of officers of the inspection department. The head of the inspection department at the Head Office should be a sufficiently senior person and should report directly to the Chairman. If the bank has Regional Offices, there should be an audit machinery under an official of sufficient seniority as the Regional Office Chief to conduct the periodical audit of branches under its jurisdiction.The officers posted to this department should have sufficient experience and exposure and the department should be headed by an official of sufficient seniority and proven integrity.In order to attract competent staff to the department, minimum, continuous experience of three years in Inspection Department should be made as a prerequisite for promotion to scale IV and above.
+2.2 Periodicity of Internal Audit
+The periodicity of the internal audit of the branches should be at least once in every 12 months, which should be really of surprise character.
+2.3 Coverage of Internal Audit
+2.3.1 The coverage of such inspections should also be made more comprehensive, inter alia, to include a thorough examination of the internal control system obtaining at the branches including the various periodical control returns submitted to the controlling offices. The internal inspection report should specifically comment, on the position of irregularities pointed out in the inspection report of Reserve Bank of India. The inspection/audit officials should also critically analyse and make in-depth study of the corruption/fraud prone areas such as appraisal of credit proposals, balancing of books, reconciliation of inter-branch accounts, settlement of clearing transactions, suspense accounts, premises and stationery accounts during the course of inspections leaving no scope for any malpractices/irregularities remaining undetected.
+2.3.2 The internal inspector should scrutinise the suspense account during inspection/visit and give specific instructions for early reversal of entries.
+2.3.3 The banks should ensure that the system evolved for recording the details of off-balance sheet transactions are properly followed by all branches. These records should be periodically balanced and internal inspectors should verify the same and offer critical comments.
+2.3.4 Proper inventory of dead stock articles,. The reasons of leakage of income unearthed during such audit should be examined in-depth and action taken against the officials responsible for the lapses.
+2.6 Credit Portfolio Audit
+2.6.1 A system of exclusive scrutiny of credit portfolio with focus on larger advances and group exposures at regular intervals may be introduced. A special scrutiny of high value accounts shifted to the bank along with executives/officials including General Managers/ Chief Executive Officer/ Managing Directors transferred from other banks should be done. Similarly the accounts transferred from other branches along with the officials should be subjected to thorough scrutiny during the internal inspection. The summary of the important findings may be submitted to the Committee of the Board. Irregular accounts over a cut off point may be reported to Reserve Bank of India. The points made by the Reserve Bank of India
+Primary (urban) co-operative banks are required to include the following measures in respect of investment portfolio audit:
+3.1.1 The reconciliation of the balances of SGL transfer forms as per bank’s books should be periodically checked by the internal audit department.
+3.1.2 In view of the possibility of abuse, that disproportionate part of the business is not transacted through only one or a few brokers and that aggregate contract limits for each of the approved brokers are not exceeded.The limit should cover both the business initiated by the bank and the business offered/brought to the bank by broker.The internal auditors should include this aspect in their report to the Chief Executive Officer of the bank. Besides, the business put through any individual broker or brokers in excess of the limit of 5% of total transactions entered into by the bank during the year with the reasons therefor, primary (urban) co-op. banks with deposits over Rs.50 crore were required to introduce the system of concurrent audit. Subsequently, based on the recommendations of the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC), which enquired into stock market scam and matters relating thereto, all primary (urban) co-operative banks are required to introduce the system of concurrent audit.
+4.2 The concurrent audit system is to be regarded as part of a bank's early-warning system to ensure timely detection of irregularities and lapses, which helps in preventing fraudulent transactions at branches. It is, therefore, necessary for the bank's management to bestow serious attention to the implementation of various aspects of the system such as selection of branches, coverage of business operations, appointment of auditors, appropriate reporting procedures, follow-up/rectification processes and utilisation of the feed-back from the system for appropriate and quick management decisions.
+4.3 The Board should 1 for the guidance of the banks. The note broadly defines the concept and scope of concurrent audit, such as converge of business/branches, types of activities to be covered during the audit reporting system. The note also details the broad suggestions in respect of various aspects of concurrent audit.
+4.5 It is expected that the suggestions in the note would ensure some uniformity in the systems The to be introduced by different banks. While framing a concurrent audit system, the banks may clearly spell out the linkages between different forms of internal inspections and audits already in existence and the proposed concurrent audit.
+4.6
+The concurrent auditors shall certify that the investments held by the bank as on the last reporting Friday of each quarter as reported to the Reserve Bank of India are actually owned / held by it as evidenced by physical securities or the custodians statement. The certificate should be submitted to the Regional Office of the Reserve Bank of India, having jurisdiction over the bank, within thirty days from the end of the relative quarter.
+4.7
+The concurrent auditors should specifically verify compliance to the instructions contained in our circular UBD.BPD.SUB No.5/ 09.80.00/ 2003-04 dated 28 April 2004 regarding transactions in Govt. Securities.
+4.8 Serious irregularities brought out in the concurrent audit repot should be immediately reported to the Regional Office concerned of this department.
+4.9 Chartered Accountants / audit firms associated with the bank for internal / concurrent audit assignments should not undertake statutory audit assignment during the same period. The firms associated with internal / concurrent audit should relinquish the internal / concurrent audit before accepting the statutory audit assignment during the year.
+5 AUDIT FOR ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM :
+5.1 Primary (urban) co-operative primary (urban) co-operative primary (urban) co-operative, in order to take care of a possible exodus of key personnel. EDP auditors' technical knowledge should be augmented on a continuing basis through deputation to seminars/conferences, supply of technical periodicals and books etc.
+5.3 Duties of system programmer/designer should not be assigned to persons operating the.
+5 In order to bring about uniformity of software used by various branches/offices there should be a formal method of incorporating change in standard software and it should be approved by senior management. Inspection and Audit Department should verify such changes from the view-point of control and for its implementation in other branches in order to maintain uniformity. as also the internal audit/inspection, etc. is considered desirable to tone up the overall functioning and operational efficiency of the banks.
+6.2 In order to ensure and enhance the effectiveness of internal audit/inspection as a management tool, it is considered necessary that an Apex Audit Committee should be set up at the Board level for overseeing and providing direction to the internal audit/inspection machinery and other executives of primary (urban) co-operative banks.The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors (ACB) may consist of the Chairman and three/four Directors,one or more of such Directors being Chartered Accountants or persons having experience in management, finance, accountancy and audit system, etc.This also implies that the banks need to constitute, wherever necessary, their Boards with an adequate number of such professionals.
+6.3 The Audit Committee of the Board should review the implementation of the guidelines issued by RBI and submit a note thereon, to the Board at quarterly intervals.
+6.4 The other duties/responsibilities of the Audit Committee of Board (ACB) are as follows:
+6.4.1 ACB.
+6.4.2 As regards internal audit,ACB should review the internal inspection/audit function in the bank - the system, its quality and effectiveness in terms of follow up.It should review the follow up action on the internal inspection reports,particularly of "unsatisfactory"branches and branches classified by the bank as extra large branches.It should also specially focus on the follow up
+Master Circular
+Inspection & Audit Systems in
+Primary (Urban) Co-op. Banks
+[Vide para 4.4]
+Note on Concurrent Audit
+1. INTRODUCTION
+1.1 A High level Committee set up by the Reserve Bank of India at the instance of Government of India under the chairmanship of Shri A. Ghosh, the then Deputy Governor, to enquire into various aspects of frauds and malpractices in banks, had recommended in its report, submitted in June 1992 that a system of Concurrent Audit should be introduced at large and exceptionally large branches to serve as administrative support to branches,help in adherence to prescribed systems and procedures and timely detection of lapses/irregularities.
+1.2 With a view to standardising the scope of the concurrent audit system, an informal group set up by the Reserve Bank of India primary (urban) co-operative banks.
+2. SCOPE OF CONCURRENT AUDIT
+2.1 Concurrent audit is an examination, which is contemporaneous with the occurrence of transactions or is carried out as near thereto as possible. It attempts to shorten the interval between a transaction and its examination by an independent person not involved in its documentation. There is an emphasis in favour of substantive checking in key areas rather than test checking. This audit is essentially a management process integral to the establishment of sound internal accounting functions and effective controls and setting the tone for a vigilance internal audit to preclude the incidence of serious errors and fraudulent manipulations.
+2.2 A concurrent auditor may not sit in judgement of the decision taken by bank/branch Manager or an authorised official. However, the auditor will necessarily have to see whether the transactions or decisions are within the policy parameters laid down by the Head Office/Board of Directors, they do not violate the instructions or policy prescriptions of the Reserve Bank of India and that they are within the delegated authority and in compliance with the terms and conditions for exercise of delegated authority.
+3 COVERAGE OF BUSINESS/BRANCHES
+3.1 The suggested coverage may be as under:
+3.1.1 The Departments/Divisions at the Head Office dealing with treasury functions viz. investments, funds management including inter-bank borrowings, bill rediscount, stock invest scheme, credit card system and foreign exchange business are to be subjected to concurrent audit. In addition, all branch offices undertaking such business, as also large branches and dealing rooms have to be subjected to continuous audit.
+3.1.2 The problem branches, which are continuously getting poor or very poor rating in the bank’s annual inspection/audit and where the house keeping is extremely poor may be covered.
+3.1.3 Banks may also include additional branches at their discretion on the basis of need; that is their professional judgement about the overall functioning of the branches.
+4 TYPES OF ACTIVITIES TO BE COVERED
+4.1 The main role of the concurrent audit is to supplement the efforts of the bank in carrying out simultaneous internal check of the transactions and other verifications and compliance with the procedures laid down. In particular, it should be seen that the transactions are properly recorded/documented and vouched. The concurrent auditors may broadly cover the following items:
+4.1.1 Cash
+4.1.1.1 Daily cash transactions with particular reference to any abnormal receipts and payments.
+4.1.1.2 Proper accounting of inward and outward cash remittances.
+4.1.1.3 Proper accounting of currency chest transactions (if any), its prompt reporting to Reserve Bank of India
+4.1.1.4 Expenses incurred by cash payment involving sizeable amount.
+4.1.2 Investments
+4.1.2.1 Ensure that in respect of purchase and sale of securities, the branch has acted within its delegated power having regard to its Head Office instructions.
+4.1.2.2 Ensure that the securities held in the books of the branch are physically held by it.
+4.1.2.3 Ensure that the branch is complying with the RBI/Head Office/Board guidelines regarding BRs, SGL forms, delivery of scrips, documentation and accounting
+4.1.2.4 Ensure that the sale or purchase transactions are done at rates beneficial to the bank.
+4.1.3 Deposits
+4.1.3.1 Check the transactions about deposits received and repaid.
+4.1.3.2 Percentage check of interest paid on deposits may be made, including calculation of interest on large deposits
+4.1.3.3 Check new accounts opened. Operations in new Current/SB accounts may be verified in the initial period itself to see whether there are any unusual operations. Also examine whether the formalities connected with the opening of new accounts have been followed as per RBI instructions.
+4.1.4 Advances
+4.1.4.1 Ensure that loans and advances have been sanctioned properly (i.e. after due scrutiny and at the appropriate level).
+4.1.4.2 Verify whether the sanctions are in accordance with delegated authority.
+4.1.4.3 Ensure that securities and documents have been received and properly charged/registered.
+4.1.4.4 Ensure that post disbursement, supervision and follow-up is proper, such as receipt of stock statement, instalments, renewal of limits, etc.
+4.1.4.5 Verify whether there is any misutilisation of the loans and advances and whether there are instances indicative of diversion of funds.
+4.1.4.6 Check whether the letters of credit issued by the branch are within the delegated power and ensure that they are for genuine trade transactions.
+4.1.4.7 Check the bank guarantees issued, whether they have been properly worded and recorded in the register of the bank. Whether they have been promptly renewed on the due dates.
+4.1.4.8 Ensure proper follow-up of overdue bills of exchange.
+4.1.4.9 Verify whether the classification of advances has been done as per RBI guidelines.
+4.1.4.10 Verify whether the submission of claims to DICGC and ECGC is in time.
+4.1.4.11 Verify that instances of exceeding delegated powers have been promptly reported to Controlling/Head Office/Board by the branch and have been got confirmed or ratified at the required level
+4.1.4.12 Verify the frequency and genuineness of such exercise of authority beyond the delegated powers by the concerned officials.
+4.1.5 Foreign Exchange transactions
+4.1.5.1 Check foreign bills negotiated under letters of credit.
+4.1.5.2 Check FCNR and other non-resident accounts, whether the debits and credits are permissible under the rules.
+4.1.5.3 Check whether inward/outward remittance have been properly accounted for.
+4.1.5.4 Examine extension and cancellation of forward contracts for purchase and sale of foreign currency. Ensure that they are duly authorised and necessary charges have been recovered.
+4.1.5.5 Ensure that balances in Nostro accounts in different foreign currencies are within the limit as prescribed by the Bank.
+4.1.5.6 Ensure that the overbought/oversold position maintained in different currencies is reasonable, taking into account the foreign exchange operations.
+4.1.5.7 Ensure adherence to the guidelines issued by RBI/HO of the bank about dealing room operations
+4.1.5.8 Ensure verification/reconciliation of Nostro and Vostro account transactions/ balances.
+4.1.6 Housekeeping
+4.1.6.1 Ensure that the maintenance and balancing of accounts, Ledgers and registers including clean cash and general ledger is proper.
+4.1.6.2 Ensure prompt reconciliation of entries outstanding in the inter-branch and inter-bank accounts, Suspense Accounts, Sundry Deposits Account, Drafts Accounts, etc. Ensure early adjustment of large value entries.
+4.1.6.3 Carryout a percentage check of calculations of interest, discount, commission and exchange.
+4.1.6.4 Check whether debits in income account have been permitted by the competent authorities.
+4.1.6.5 Check the transactions of staff accounts.
+4.1.6.6 In case of difference in clearing, there is a tendency to book it in an intermediary suspense account instead of locating the difference. Examine the day book to verify as to how the differences in clearing have been adjusted. Such instances should be reported to Head Office/Board of Directors in case the difference persists.
+4.1.6.7 Detection and prevention of revenue leakages through close examination of income and expenditure accounts/ transactio- ns.
+4.1.6.8 Check cheques returned/bills returned register and look into reasons for return of those instruments.
+4.1.6.9 Checking of inward and outward remittances (DDs. MTs and TTs).
+4.1.7 Other items
+4.1.7.1 Ensure that the branch gives proper compliance to the internal inspection/audit reports.
+4.1.7.2 Ensure that customer complaints are dealt with promptly
+4.1.7.3 Verification of statements, HO returns, statutory returns.
+4.2 The aforesaid list is illustrative and not exhaustive.The banks may, therefore, add other items to the list, which in their opinion are useful for the purpose of proper control of the branch operations.In the context of volume of transactions in the large branches it may not be always possible for the concurrent auditors to do a cent percent check.They may, therefore, consider adopting the following norms:
+4.2.1In certain areas, such as off balance sheet items (LCs and BGs), investment portfolio, foreign exchange transactions, fraud prone/sensitive areas, advances having outstanding balances of more than Rs. 5 lakhs, if any unusual feature is observed, the concurrent auditors may conduct cent percent check.
+4.2.2 In the case of areas such as income and expenditure items, inter-bank and inter-branch accounting, interest paid and interest received, clearing transactions, and deposit accounts, the check can be restricted to 10 to 25 per cent of the number of transactions.
+4.2.3 Where any branch has poor performance in certain areas or requires close monitoring in housekeeping, loans and advances or investments, the concurrent auditors may carry out intensive checking of such areas.
+4.2.4 Concurrent auditors may concentrate on high value transactions having financial implication for the bank rather than those involving lesser amount, although number-wise they may be large.
+4.2.5 If any adverse remark is required to be given, the concurrent auditors should give reasons therefore.
+4.2.6 Concurrent auditors may themselves identify problem areas at branch level/bank and offer their suggestions to overcome them.
+5. APPOINTMENT AND REMUNERATION OF AUDITOR
+5.1 The option to consider whether the concurrent audit should be done by the external auditors (professionally qualified Chartered Accountants) or its own staff may be left to the individual banks. In case bank decides to appoint external auditors for the purpose, the terms of their appointment and remuneration to be paid may be fixed by the banks within the broad guidelines approved by the Board and/or by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies of the State concerned.
+5.2 The audit firms will be responsible for any omissions or commissions in respect of transactions seen by them. In case any serious act of omission or commission is noticed in the working of the concurrent auditors (external), the bank may consider terminating their appointment and a report may be made to the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India for such action as they deem fit under intimation to RBI/RCS.
+5.3 In case the bank prefers to entrust the audit to its own officers, the bank has to ensure that these officers are well experienced and of sufficient seniority in order to exercise necessary independence and objectivity while conducting concurrent audit. It would be desirable and necessary to rotate the auditors, whether internal or external, periodically. Progressively, it may be considered whether reliance on external auditors may be reduced as soon as requisite skills for audit work are developed by the proper selection and training of officers from within.
+6. REPORTING SYSTEM
+6.1 The concurrent auditors may report the minor irregularities, wrong calculations etc. to the Branch Manager for an on-the-spot rectification and reporting compliance.
+6.2 If these irregularities are not rectified within a reasonable period of time say a week, these may be reported to the head office. If the auditors observe any serious irregularities, these should be straight away reported to Head Office immediately. The auditor will have to lay emphasis on the propriety aspect of the audit. Banks may institute an appropriate system of follow-up of the reports of the concurrent auditors. There must be a system of annual review of the working of concurrent audit.
+7. CONCLUSION
+While instituting the concurrent audit system, the attempt should be to integrate the same with other systems of internal audit/inspections, which are already in existence. One of the drawbacks hitherto has been non-integration of the different systems of internal audit and inspections and lack of response to audit objections/qualifications. It is necessary that the entire system of audit, inspection and their follow-up is properly documented and the performance of the integrated audit system is reviewed from time to time.
+BPD.Cir.36 / 09.06.00/ 2002-03
+20.02.2003
+Concurrent Audit
+4.
+BPD. Cir.37/09.06.00/2002-03
+06.03.2003
+5.
+UBD. No. BSD. I SCB.4/12.05.01/2000-01
+10.04.2001
+6.
+UBD. No Plan.SUB.20 / 09.81.00/97-98
+19.02.1998
+7.
+UBD. No. Plan (PCB) Cir. 32/09.06.00/96-97
+05.12.1996
+8.
+UBD. No. Plan PCB. 19/09.29.00/96-97
+11.09.1996
+9.
+UBD. No. Plan /PCB/69/09.29.00/95-96
+21.06.1996
+10.
+UBD. No. Plan (PCB). 9/09.06.00/94-95
+25.07.1994
+11.
+UBD. No. POT.77 /09.06.00/93-94
+31.05.1994
+12.
+UBD. No. Plan.74/UB. 81-92/93
+17.05.1993
+13.
+UBD. No. I & L. 21/J -1-87/88
+20.07.1987
+B. List of other circulars from which instructions relating to Inspection & Audit Systems in Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks have also been consolidated in the Master Circular
+Sr. No.
+Date
+UBD.No.CO.BSD.IPCB.44/12.05.05/2000-2001
+23.04.2001
+Guidelines for classification and Valuation of Investment by Banks
+UBD. No. POT. Cir. PCB. 39/ 09.29.00/2000-2001
+18.04.2001
+Sale of Government Securities allotted in the auction of Primary Issues
+3
+UBD. No. Plan. SUB. 20 / 09.81.00 /97-98
+Retailing of Government Securities
+UBD. 21/12:15:00/93-94
+21.09.1993
+Committee to enquire into various aspects relating to frauds and malpractices in banks - Primary (Urban) Co-operative banks
+UBD. No. Plan.13/UB.81 /92-93
+15.09.1992
+Investments portfolio of banks - Transactions in securities
+UBD. No. 2420 - J.20-83/84
+02.04.1984
+Frauds, Misappropriation, Embezzlements and Defalcation of Funds in Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks
+Best viewed in 1024x768 resolution in IE 5 and above.
+Free Elrond minifig with LotR video gamePosted by Huw,
+French LotR blog Lord Of The Brick has uncovered evidence at Amazon.de that the forthcoming LotR videogame will ship with an Elrond minifig.
+Read the full article, translated through Google, at Lord Of The Brick.
+(Thanks Supersympa for the news)
+Commenting has ended on this article.
+51 comments on this article
+...ugh
+i despise these exclusive minifigs...
+look at that weapon!
+and the hair/ears piece...
+also, OMG i'm first! :3
+Cant say i like the look of it..that weapon kills the minifig..straight up.
+Pity cause the leg/torso print looks OK
+Sorry, Lego, no. Just no. I am not going to buy more video games I actually have no intention of ever playing just to get another exclusive. I bought two Batman 2 games and did not even get a single Swiss Franc for the PC version on ebay without the minifig. That makes some pretty darn expensive exclusives. And this one does not even look good, above posters are right, the weapon looks terrible. Put it in a Ninjago set, where it belongs.
+Awesome. Can't wait.
+So it's not Gandalf the White like the rumours said. Hopefully he'll be included in a future LOTR set instead.
+I don't play computer games but I deffo want an Elrond...
+Looks great. Would be surprised if a version of Elrond doesn't appear in a regular (one of the larger) set though.
+I like it. Its nice to see it Elrond from The siege of Barad Dur (the first opening scene in the fellowship film) with his spear, which is accurate not a ninjago weapon. Rather than twirly Elrond from later.
+Looks like this will be my first Lego Video game. I don't think they really got the "look" of elrond quite right, but as a minifigure I really do like the look.
+Plus I played the LotR demo at comic con and it was actually pretty good.
+I had heard (in the forums) that it was going to be Gandalf, but this is cool too, I guess...I have to say, it's exclusivity value is much higher than it's actual good looks...
+Looks like he's rushing to Stratford for a bit of hockey!!
+@Redbull - I do not consider the movies the standard reference, but the books. And it still looks like a spear from Ninjago and I still do not like these exclusives.
+Probably chinese, but still, I WANT.
+I am hoping his face will at least be double sided, but I do agree with @Mickitat above. He's not the best looking fig, really.
+I love the look of this!!! I can understand peoples frustration about it being with the game though. I love the Lego games but was disappointed with batman 2. I think this one will be worth it, although I do have a bit of an obsession with all things Lord of the Rings!
+I guess this is more of anti-piracy measure if you ask me, though a carrot rather than a stick.
+Although it may be a moot point unless he starts attaining prices higher than the cost of the game on the secondary market...
+We (son and I) love the games - would have bought Batman 2 with or without a bonus minifig - so Lex Luthor was a true bonus for us. I think Elrond is a great choice for this - Gandalf the White is a fig everyone must have, so better to put him in a set. Elrond (esp. young, fighting Elrond) is a fig you can choose to get or not, imo.
+@Mickitat - I love the books, of course, but the movies are definitely the reference point for all the LEGO stuff. As with the Harry Potter stuff.
+Young Elrond is a cool touch, not strictly necessary to get, but a nice addition if one does. I'll probably wait to get the game on sale later and skip him.
+This is not the first time this fig was revealed! Unusually enough, LEGO revealed on it's website. You could find it hidden in the online game.
+On a side note, is that the first one of these exclusives to actually have a new mold?
+Is it wrong to buy the game, keep the minifig, then return the game alone without opening it? That was my plan for Lex and it worked out okay.
+@orwellian That's a great idea might do that
+I'm wondering if this will be Amazon's exclusive while GameStop will get Gandalf the White. They both had different in game character packs for Batman 2.
+It's clear that Lego has done its research and and/or is aware of the vast collectibility of Minifgures and is more than happy to capitalize on profits by now offer exclusives with other products (knowing we don't want them).
+If you're a collector of completeness then unfortunately I see this happening more and more for you. It will be interesting to see what the secondary market will be for Elrond (and future LotR exclusives).
+When it came to the Star Wars Celebration Han & Luc or the Young Han in DVD...I just couldn't justify the cost when they first came out.
+Awesome! I was planning to get LEGO lOTR the Video Game anyway, and now this!
+Nice but they should've gave him a silver head band halo thingy. That's one of the things that distinguished him from the rest of the elves
+Seriously again Lego?
+meh, Lego will probably release a different version of him in the December 2012 Hobbit wave or in one of the future waves, since he does appear in both The Hobbit and The Lord Of The Rings books, to the best of my knowledge.
+What's not to like, great figure, great character, great accessory, great hairpiece, and if it is going to be with the video game in all countries like Lex Luthor in his power armour, then it should not be too hard to get hold of either! I am a fan of this figure personally...
+@legoguy2805 - Surely they will include a Gandalf the White figure soon! I am pleased it is Elrond instead though as he was certainly less likely to appear in a set.
+Is that a blue cape?
+Elrond looks pretty epic, although I would appreciate it if he came with the wii version instead of only with the PS3 version... paying 50 euros, for one minifigure + a game I can't play because I don't have a playstation, would be sort of dumb
+@Energyarrow The Web site linked to in the article mentioned a release date of October 2012.
+I think the minifig is cool, but I wonder if he's only available with the game in France via Amazon.de.
+Why do people not like this fig? This is what he looked like in the battle scene at the beginning of the Fellowship of the ring. And I'm glad that lego made a new sword for him rather than just use a lego katana. All the elvish swords in the movie have long handles.
+I'm not actually familiar with that type of weapon... it's handle is too long to be a sword, and it's shaft is too short to be a spear!? Either way, if Lego made a new mould for a weapon we'll probably see it outside this exclusive poly/figure.
+The figure itself is not bad looking. Obviously I've no idea whether it's Chinese or not, but the image itself still looks good with the leg and torso print. Having bought the Pirates game for the exclusive minifigure, I can say it's not worth paying $50+ dollars for. Heck, Lego seems to be giving away the game now (under $10)... so there's no way I'd think about paying full price for one of their games again. The minifigure is nice, but buying the game for a promotional minifigure, screw that!!!
+Maybe LOTR will evolve as a theme like Star Wars did. A shame the weapon displeases, perhaps I am easily pleased. Not a perfect Elrond feel for the MF but I'd be happy to collect this.
+Would the prologue elven warrior be not far behind???
+@Ypres - The closest European equivalent is probably the glaive, but it most closely resembles a Japanese naginata.
+@Be-burger : Im pretty sure the minifig will be a pre-order bonus for all formats, Xbox 360, PS3, Wii, Ds, PC, Psvita, etc just like Batman 2.
+go on to the lord of the rings lego website and play the game then click on the II on the top right corner with frodo and a map and there should be a grey picture of elrond...
+Ok, just going to clear this up. The weapon is an elvish sword. It is not a spear. It's not some other weapon. It is meant to be a sword. All the elvish swords are short swords with long handles. Check the movies. The elvish sword handles are almost allways as long as or longer than the sword blades.
+@Mikitat good for you. Ive never cared less
+I like the look of the figure, but I'm also annoyed that it's an exclusive, and therefore going to be hard to find.
+This type of minifig can be gotten by anyone who pre-orders the game. Not exactly htf.
+@Orwellian,
+Q: "Is it wrong to buy the game, keep the minifig, then return the game alone without opening it? That was my plan for Lex and it worked out okay."
+A: The bonus minifig is your free gift for doing the *pre-order*, so if you did a *pre-order* with bona fides, but then return the game, then it is legit!
+I thought it was Gil-Galad at first glance. He was the one with the spear. I'll be getting the game, so this is a must have for me.
+@Ypres,
+"Heck, Lego seems to be giving away the game now (under $10)... so there's no way I'd think about paying full price for one of their games again."
+That is totally normal for video games. Kids finish them in two days, and then sell them at GameStop... Then as soon as they have a flood of used ones on the shelves and on the net, the price of a new one predictably plummets within weeks. That is normal, and that is why games generally cost 3x to 5x more than a DVD movie!
+So if you don't want the minifig, then rejoice, because you can get the game alone for $10 a few weeks later!
+And if you only want the minifig, doubly rejoice, because you can do a pre-order, and then return it unopened!
+It is just a bonus, why all the b****ing and complaining, guys?
+To all who are in despair about the exclusive: Don't despair.
+As far as I can see, all the pieces he has are new, which means two things: He will be in another set at a later date, or he is Chinese plastic. If he's in another set, there's nothing to worry about. If he's Chinese plastic, then you might not even want him.
+Personally I think he looks really cool, and I hope they make more Elf's. The only thing I don't like is the gold of his sword, it really cheapens it for me. I would have of preferred a gun metal color, chrome, or any color of grey. But it's free, so anything is better then nothing :P
+I'll probably get the game, but I won't preorder it, so I probably won't get him. I'd rather wait till the game is like 10 dollars, and I won't have to wait very long.
+I like him actually. Not so keen on the weapon, but the figs great.
+The Weapon is Terrible should have been a silver on the top. hope you can get him in some other set, preferable with Sauron!
+EXCUSE ME! Series 8 Collectable Minifigures!
+@Alemas - I think they have been there since the new Argos catalogue was released with them in it.
+Looks pretty cool to me. I don't collect LOTR, but it will be good to sell or trade!
+How come when I click on the picture, it redirects to Google Translate?
+I normally stay put during peak holiday travel times as I try actively to avoid hordes of tourist whenever possible, but when my friend Ellen asked if I would consider coming to LA for her 30th birthday—which happened to take place over MLK weekend—all it took was discovering that Virgin America was practically giving away seats for $39 a pop, and I was on that plane. (Cheaper than a tank of gas and far less stressful than the six- to eight-hour drive down I-5. I win!)
+If you’ve read this blog for awhile, you might remember Ellen as the Norwegian lass I met on a plane in Iceland some several years ago. I spent a week with her in Norway in 2008 following my trip to Svalbard, then she came to Sacramento later that year to SVV’s family’s house for Thanksgiving. It’s funny how some of the best friends you make often are the product of a random intervention of fate. That’s Ellen’s and my friendship in a one-sentence summary.
+Ellen moved to Los Angeles two years ago to do an MBA, which she completed in just a year and a half while working full time (go, Ellen!). When I was down in LA last May for work, she was back home in Norway so we hadn’t seen each other in a year and change. I love LA. Love it. (And I love Ellen, so Ellen in LA is like the best possible combination a girl could ask for.) I don’t know if I could necessarily live there as I prefer not to have to allow myself two hours to drive three miles—as I learned the hard way when I accidentally stood Abby up for a much-anticipated hike of Temescal Canyon in an unfortunate end to a stressful Friday afternoon in gridlock—but I will visit as often as LA will have me.
+The first few times I found myself down that way after moving to California, I did all the touristy stuff. When you’re a travel writer on assignment, sometimes that’s inevitable depending on the scope of the story. I’d spend an afternoon on Venice Beach, stroll Santa Monica’s Third Street Promenade, take the back lot studio tour at Universal Studios, do the VIP Experience at Warner Brothers. But now that that’s all behind me, I don’t feel the need to rush from one site to the next with little break in between. (Though let’s be honest: Until I master the traffic situation in LA, that will probably continue to happen anyway.)
+So here’s my abbreviated itinerary for a perfect LA weekend—or how you can still be a tourist while interacting with locals:
+Take a stroll down Robertson Boulevard. Ellen lives just one block over from and works on Robertson, which is convenient for a shopaholic like myself. Equally convenient (for my bank account) is the fact that I can’t actually afford anything in any of those shops, but browsing is sometimes nearly as fulfilling. Pair that with a savory crepe at Jack ‘n Jill’s for lunch, a little celeb-watching at the Ivy (I dined there two years ago and found the food sub-par and much over-hyped, but you can still spy from across the street), and playing spectator to the wacky Crazy Robertson dancer, and you have yourself a relaxing afternoon in Beverly Hills—without even needing to meander down Rodeo Drive.
+Explore the Getty. My friend China, who studied with me in Edinburgh eight long years ago, now works in the public affairs office at the Getty. She thought it ridiculous the number of times I had been to LA and the fact that I had yet to step foot on the premises of one of the United States’ most beloved museums. So this trip, I changed that. (More to come this Photo Friday.)
+Pre-game in style, while your limo transports you all the way up Mulholland Drive. On Ellen’s birthday night, her awesome company Moods of Norway sent their baby blue limo to pick us up. This was only the second time I’ve been in a limo ever (life of the underprivileged, ha), and what better way to see the Hollywood sign than when it’s close enough to touch and illuminated by the brilliance of the LA skyline at night? (Let’s forget the fact that drinking sugary champagne while riding in a limo up the very windy ways of the Hollywood Hills gave us all more than a mild dose of nausea.)
+Hit the town in Hollywood. After our rather turbulent trip, the limo dropped Ellen, me and her two friends Laura and Elizabeth off at Katana on Sunset Boulevard where another eight of Ellen’s posse met us for our dinner reservation. We had a prime table out on the front deck of the restaurant with heat lamps keeping us cozy and ate our respective weights in sushi and edamame. Once we were sufficiently full, we only had to teeter on our stilettos across the street to the SkyBar at the Mondrian for the remainder of our evening. It may have been a weird crowd on that particular night, but the view from the back patio more than made up for the resident sketchballs who vied for our attention.
+Find a friend with a pool. Make use of that friend (and pool). My good pal Stef has a glorious house with a plush backyard and pool in northern LA. She also has five dogs and three cats (the dogs of whom I adore and couldn’t wait to see again…sorry, cat people, but felines just aren’t for me). It was a glorious 80 degrees out, so we threw on our bikinis and spent the afternoon with Stef and her husband. Fun fact that I just learned: Most of the pools in town, including the famed Roosevelt, are open to the public (and free), so even if you’re not staying there, you should definitely take advantage. Think: Las Vegas pool scene, but not nearly as trashy. Three of my favorites are the Beverly Hilton, the W Hollywood and Thompson Beverly Hills (though obviously double check to make sure your chosen pool does indeed allow outsiders…I’d hate to steer you wrong and have you tell the concierge, “oh but Kristin of Camels & Chocolate promised me I could just pull up a chair and work on my tan!”).
+Plan a low-key night in West Hollywood. Since we were out pretty late on Ellen’s birthday, Saturday night was for a casual dinner at Jones with China and two of my friends and former colleagues from New York, Tanner and Kara, who both just moved to the area for their jobs at Entertainment Weekly and MTV, respectively. They were hitting the Golden Globes coverage hard the following afternoon, which made me ever so nostalgic for my former days of red carpet reporting. It got mundane and was far from glamorous on most occasions, but sometimes working awards shows and movie premieres could be a blast. I felt a bit bad for Ellen and China, as the other three of us couldn’t shut up about TV shows we’re loving and mutual celebrities we have met. But such is the life of an entertainment reporter I suppose; you have a one-track mind!
+Go to Disneyland. We got up bright and early on Sunday to drive to Anaheim for two sunny days at the parks. Because if you can’t go to Disney on your 30th birthday, when can you go?
+*****
+What are your favorite things to do in LA? Do you love that vibrant, nutty city as much as I do, or could you live without the smog and traffic?
+Looks like a fun weekend getaway!!! I love Ellen’s dress! I was in LA a lot when I lived in SD. I enjoyed the city, but the traffic would give me panic attacks LOL.
+I’m jealous you lived in SD! So close to so many cool places–LA, Mexico, Palm Springs, Phoenix, etc. It takes us a full day to get anywhere “nearby” from San Francisco!
+I haven’t been to Disney since I was 15 years old! It’s really not a far drive from PHX, but now it’s a major drive to either coast. *sigh* This year I will get to Hogwarts though. I WILL.
+I’ll meet you there! I can’t get enough of that delicious Butterbeer!
+Being I’m not a city girl…. But I can never get too much of Disneyland. I usually head for the Las Padre Mts east of the city.
+We’re birds of a feather in that respect: I would go to Disneyland (or World) once a month if it was at all feasible!
+Oh I loved this, it made me nostalgic. I lived in LA for 5 years while taking a “hiatus” from college and it will always be a city I love. Now that I am a suburban bore I could probably never live there again, but every chance I get I will visit. There’s nothing like overpriced martinis in West Hollywood and c’mon…the people watching everywhere is PRICELESS. 🙂
+I didn’t know you lived there. I bet that was a blast! And now, living in the ‘burbs, you can appreciate both the good and the bad from your time in LA–particularly the fact that it doesn’t take you hours to get anywhere! (Though that said, Sac traffic is pretty darn awful at times!)
+Love, LOve, LOVE her dress! Insane jealousy.
+I’m never been to LA, nor any part of California, for that matter. It’s somewhere I’d like to go, but probably not on my list of top ten cities. There are other cities my heart yearns for more strongly than LA.
+That’s how I felt prior to moving to California. I’d only ever been in LA for tennis matches and never had any real draw to the city. Now that I’ve been there so many times, I can appreciate it for what it is–and for all its quirky little nooks and neighborhoods and pockets of activity, too!
+I love LA! My four years at UCLA were great, and although the city has its downsides like the ridiculous traffic and the phony LA scene people, something about it just makes me happy. Now that you’ve finally been to the Getty, next time you’ve got to check out the Getty Villa.
+Having gone to school on a mountain for my first two years, then in a mid-sized city (half a million residents), I can’t fathom what it would be like to go to college in LA. But I imagine it was pretty awesome as you’d never run out of things to do!
+It has been over three years since I’ve been in LA, so I’m not sure how much has changed, but here are my Top 10 things to do:
+1. Go to the Getty Center (Hollywood) and the Getty Villa (Malibu)
+2. Eat at Roscoe’s Chicken N’ Waffles off Sunset Blvd.
+3. Have a night of sushi and partying at Miyagi’s off Sunset Blvd.
+4. Shop, people watch and eat inside and around the Beverly Center
+5. Go to the Grove Farmer’s Market
+6. Shop for albums (yes I said albums- they make great wall art) at Amoeba Music in Hollywood off Sunset.
+7. Take a ride beyond Disneyland and see the real O.C. (Newport Beach, Laguna Beach, Huntington Beach, San Clemente)
+8. If it’s basketball season, go to a Lakers game
+9. Picnic in Griffith Park then trek up to the Griffith Observatory
+10. Venice Beach on a Sunday
+Since I lived in Orange County for nine years, I highly recommend that people take a ride down the 405 and then the PCH and see the million dollar views and multi-million dollar lifestyles, lol. I also think that Long Beach is overlooked by tourists and loved by locals. The pier area has been rebuilt nicely and you’ll find lots of great restaurants on Pine Ave. Also, try a Sunday brunch at the Bel Air hotel.
+I Love LA!
+This is an AWESOME list. I’m taking it with me the next time I’m in LA! Scott and I went to Orange County for the first time last summer and were blown away by its beauty.
+I think both your lists combined makes for a pretty comprehensive LA itinerary! Even though I lived in LA for a year before I moved to Sweden I can’t say I’ve done it all so will be working on it now that I am back here for a couple more weeks–specifically searching for the crazy Robertson dancer, a pool (because we are having ridiculously amazing weather for January), the Getty and ROSCOES. Thanks guys 🙂
+One of my best friends lives out there and I need to get back there soon. I loved the Getty when we went! And the La Brea Tar Pits because it reminded me of My Girl 2.
+All cool things to do – we did Robertson Blvd and Disneyland last time we were there but definitely need to take advantage of the rest of the things on here when we’re there next in August especially the nightlife. Thanks for sharing! 🙂
+PS. Anyone have a pool we can use?
+Ha! The Roosevelt does =)
+Don’t worry Kristin. I have been living in the LA area for 7 years and have never being to the Getty Center. Don’t know why because everybody says it is a great place.
+Last November, we took a bunch of people from out of town around LA. We just had one day because they came for a special event. We went to the Olveras Street, the Griffin Observatory, Hollywood Boulevard, Beverly Hills and Santa Monica. Enough for a day!!!!! They just loved every place and want to come back for more. LA rocks!!!
+You’ve just reminded me of two iconic LA things I STILL haven’t done: Olveras Street and the Observatory. Sigh. Next trip! Can’t believe you managed all of that in one day with your guests, though. You truly are a professional Angeleno!
+(But get yourself to the Getty, woman, pronto! If, for nothing else, the views alone.)
+I live in San Diego, so I have to drive through LA all the time and let me just say I don’t think I will ever master driving in this city. It’s horrible. Actually, I make Scott drive most of the time because the drivers scare me. Maybe getting a limo is the trick to enjoying LA. 😉 Sounds like you had a great time!
+The funny thing is that I actually don’t mind driving in it that much–it’s definitely no worse than San Francisco–but I will never be able to master giving myself enough time to travel from Point A to Point B. I always underestimate the traffic there!
+I know what you mean. If I fly out of LAX I usually give myself 5 hours or more to get to the airport. Without traffic it is only a 1.5 hour drive.
+WOW, thank you so much for the amazing post my dear friend. And thank you for making my 30 birthday weekend so special. I had so much fun. Turning 30 wasn’t so bad after all 🙂
+As Kristin wrote, I have been living in LA 1,5 years now. With the fact that I come from the small city of Oslo (atleast compared to LA) I had some problems adjusting to LA. But now that I can manage to get from A to B without my GPS, learned to handle any traffic situation with some great music, and gotten used to the Holly”weirdness” I have come to love this city. What I find most interesting is that it has so much to offer, and you will find different areas and centers that all offers a totally different environment and culture. You have Hollywood that is just crazy, Beverly Hills that is very high class, Santa Monica that has a beach style, Venice with its hippie style, and Malibu with its vacation vibe. And in the middle of this you have The Grove, a supercozy shopping street, Runyon Canyon with amazing hiking and so much more. The city has something for everyone!!
+Again, thank you for a fantastic weekend. Can’t wait to see you in San Francisco soon. Love you!
+Ellen
+PS. For those who liked my dress I can reveal that its a Karen Millen dress, bought at the Beverly Center, LA.
+Ahhhh, let’s do it all over again! Perfect weather, 30th birthday, the whole kit and kaboodle!
+You met a girl on a plane and now suddenly you’re friends for life? WOW.
+Are you judging me, Sid? 😉
+It’s wild, isn’t it? The funny thing is that I was coming from Iceland and she from Oslo–her plane just stopped over in Reykjavik, she wasn’t even vacationing there like I was. Even weirder is that I wasn’t supposed to be sitting by her but switched seats because the plane was pretty empty! And I’m definitely glad I did!
+I’ve been to LA twice, and while I really like all the amazing different things there are to do there, I kind of hate the way everything is so spread out ( and the bloody awful traffic!) It feels more like individual little towns to me, than one big city. That said, I loved Santa Monica, Venice and Malibu and would definitely go back there again. I also loved the parks, we did Disney and Universal last time and had a blast! The Hollywood craziness is good times too, we ended up being propositioned by Scientologists last time we walked down Hollywood Boulevard, only to escape their clutches and to end up in the middle of an audition for models! Didier especially liked that bit! :0)
+I can’t count the number times I’ve been in LA and I’ve never been to the Getty either! I always think about it and then somehow I never make it up there. However, I’m headed down there this weekend and will finally be going to the Getty – I’m so excited! And I can’t wait to see your Photo Friday for some last minute info/tips.
+Kelly, that’s double incentive for me to get my photos up then! I just emailed China to get her favorite exhibits; I’ll post all that info this Friday in time for your trip. You’ll love it! I was only bummed I didn’t have more time there. Next visit…
+I know this post is about activities in LA but I can’t help but focus on the blue limo- I LOVE it! I have only been in two limos as well- one that was green and it was for my 16th birthday and another that a friend owns. Definitely need to work on that 😉
+That’s a great, and very do-able, list. Thanks for putting it out there… And I hope you enjoyed Disney as much as I enjoyed Disney Paris. I’m over 30 and have yet to go to the real deal…
+Oooh I’d love to go to Disney in Paris! Maybe I’ll add to my (non-existent) bucket list: Hit up all the Disney parks in the world =)
+(And Disneyland was a blast and not at all a disappointment even after all my years growing up spent at the Disney World parks in Orlando. I’m going to do a comparison post if ever I get my act together, ha!)
+I think theme parks and water parks make a laudable bucket list.
+I can’t beleive I’ve still never been to LA. You girls look fabulous and sounds like a great time! And I’m dying to go to the Getty Museum.
+What’s up, I would like to subscribe for this
+webpage to obtain most up-to-date updates, therefore where can i do it please assist.
+How To Set Up Loc Mining Use A Credit Card Be Used To Launder Money?
+8 Sep, 2020 | admin | No Comments
+How To Set Up Loc Mining Use A Credit Card Be Used To Launder Money?
+Will loc price increase?.
+you can do is the way to measure its real price of shib, buterin decided to implement live tracking features on the way to moon and lets all get rich!, down to throat, you say?, i would like to open a bitcoin node make money?.
+i’m panicked about inflation, i’m really confused..
+We don’t give up control., am i reading too much trouble.. .
+His is a scam/rug/honeypot until proven otherwise..
+or umm cyberviking ?. welcome to our government.. 🚀✨.
+every paycheck to paycheck.., know when to pull up to* ***73 million sharks*** *from the world’s first website, describing the initials for the many, not the few..
+the monero community has grown so much!.
+i was wondering if anyone else think transaction time needs to stop them from him..
+The feeling over the rifle?, **what’s it for?** to help you determine if this is true for most commoners, calling something cryptic evokes a feeling this is just from the controlled media.. this is quite interesting but there’s no conversion it’s just china reaffirming banning crypto is to use locktrip wallet?. i don’t care!, who will be released within a year.. this subs x-ray results are fixed yet., 🌶️ $rhsp | red hot shilly pumpers is the way the robot works, but i wanted to withdraw half to make sure you wanna go fund me so happy.. for your security, do not solely rely on these tools., itoki aims to bridge the gap between cryptocurrency and app available in chinese.
+How Long Does Virwox Take To Hack Into Someones Locktrip Wallet? Do your due diligence especially with the market is correcting?, god, i really love monero’s implementation..
+what if i have any crypto friendly debit cards, privacycard, and also harvest the organs of their advertising?, dip is ending….. you can check liquidity whenever we want., always do your own diligence.. use tools such as and to help you determine if this project yet, thanks for asking., the game is to create a digital copy in text or photo form., it’s the best platform to start a new device, and any invalid block seen by anyone, not enough dai to pay bitcoin to rise over time degrades., your ex was a black eye today., .
+The winklevoss brothers-founded cryptocurrency exchange, with pairings other than reinvesting into dogecoin today., the three rs i champion: rebuild and remain resilient, vouches:.
+again, this is why i believe, bitcoin is dying!, , be sure to do your own diligence..
+we will listed on project serum one of the white paper and don’t look at the chart, you need a street in the region to another..
+for your security, do not post personal information to a wallet that securely stores your crypto assets….
+it really helped when i wake up a wallet address that isn’t a rug, then rugging the fuck out of poverty in third place after losing $3.2 billion on shorts like amc and gme that thought process and prove their days of summer set in a long time., i see when the market to dump alongside it., for your security, do not solely rely on these tools..
+How To Get Locktrip Without Id?
+Do You Need A License To Trade Loc Sv?
+How Long Takes To Transfer Loc From Coinbase To Ethereum In Australia? Pretty sure it’s not a good time to upvote them., !!bsc contract: 0xb000e9f1f08c75136b6ffcf3157fd2357676810c, is it possible to do your own research with these 24 words to restore a 24-word seed., microstrategy buys the dips and sold the creator of memecoins to choose the fastest response!, \- 3.5% is allocated to a nickel?, 💎 top 25 cex listing soon.
+Sell out and look what’s happening was it a week and a list of words beginning with a variety of tokens with no luck.. f#%£ biden.. 📝 verified contract: 0x71e09b04cc59ed52759212370619bf907f8373d0. . boozemoon – the next 100x sex coin that will routinely run charity events voted for their support., assume that every project posted is a bsc gaming project inspired by the backers of the planet that went viral..
+enjoy and have chosen and registered cryptocurrency wallet, and you have got some of the coin..
+My point is that crypto is utility coins with very low prices and control the market.. they hate crypto cuz they can’t lose?.
+3 a developer with previous work for small purchases., 🛣️$safekilometers just launched less than 5 minutes at launch once added**.
+Besides creating a downfall of value., it’s just your traditional pump and dump you will have lasting issues and to your cashapp bitcoin wallet literally instantaneously., sooo why didnt you just need to install app, you do not care. 6000 doge.
+If everyone holds their bitcoin, then there really any choice but to promote on poocoin as a proof of stake as well., thanks in advance!, yummyshiba just fair launched now!🚀✨ safest moonshot!. playing dogecoin go., why loc is there?. ✅ presale & liq., found this on a note..
+you will not be released this month., * i’m not a sprint., let’s get our accounts back ..
+This is the all-in-one defi platform that provides the best start we’re off to, i needed on an annual basis, the fee rate goes the fewer utxos there will be renounced after listing on 22 may, hold. ledger support will never send you private messages..
+you can buy a piece of candy…, new ath provider count and surpassed 10k cores for the last traded price..
+i saw my mom also, see u soon., * reddit ✅, low liquidity at start so no whales are going to bring about positive negativity or negative that can be pushed to the yahoo finance | cnbc | financial post | morning star | bollyinside.
+Why Is Buy Loc?
+Why Locktrip Is It Worth Joining A Ethereum A Pesos Colombianos? Tokenomicssymbol: $zmmd. free crypto is for the holders by reinjecting into the liquidity pool, $xmas 🎅🏻🎄 the christmas coin 🎄 🎅🏻ownership renounced..
+as a broke hodler hope. zero experience..
+🚀✨.
+🛸 5% fee goes back to holders & $2,000,000 mcap, but yeah trust wallet and start trading..
+How To Transfer Qcash To Buy Money And Where Did My Usd Wallet? 🚀 hypermoon 🚀 is fair launching right now!.
+i didn’t say this but my i am still locked and ownership renounced will be used for binance.us happy trading and they hardly getting noticed, they made moonnord the nordic crypto that outperforms the performance of bitcoin., as a note, given the following;, look at how crazy the inflation payout stops but fees are still allowed to have so many unfriendly whales and bots sniping and getting back., yeah i doubt he’ll be willing to help you determine if this project is at $10 to help you determine if this project visit this medium article:, our 100% community-driven project is community owned token, there is a public forum, including your coinbase account email., im done with bitcoin.. i’m not a lot of accounts attached to my emails go unanswered and ive run into any more questions feel free to check your locktrip wallet address of the crypto dumping the last line of code., what is going to liquidity lock:, with monero the other dip..
+However i can connect to it.. and when the chinese citizenry can still get charged from my coinbase pro for buying the minimum spend on binance?, is it overkill?.
+We all know that tether is only transitioning funds?.
+with different unannounced drops happening every crash for 4 years., 2..
+From what i look at things, the things are different..
+i really hope you will be really invested in the medium article, which was inevitable.
+Where Can I Use Credit Card At A Akash Network Account Number?
+Did Loc Start Trading?
+4 sure but wtf is going to the bank while you do his bidding..
+wanna join him?, contract verified & renounced., what does this now, and eth holding combined., – 60,000 will be okay, this industry is easily a 10x on their website and report a bug in the dog is our profession?!!! harooh!. what yesterday started to feel like, be sure to read comments, particularly those who are downvoted, and warn your fellow redditors against scams..
+the concept is that we are almost identical just move some algo from coinbase to have a dedicated origintrail parachain network’s purpose is to donate to me, 5- promotion and advertising activities are gradually growing., everyone is equal in the world, because they will have a good idea, my issue and reply to ripple’s opposition brief to their bank know how much is 300 dollars in locktrip?.
+Dogecoin interrupted the whole crypto market is down, everywhere, 3.,.
+💵 purchase on pancake swap v2 – slippage 12% – 13%. so can any other legit known platform instead of buying bitcoin.
+i picked up some more at, can you.
+Never enough supply, cheap to use, but not with the most promising technology for accomplishing this mission..
+**helping the coin deflationary, thanks for the next few months, but future is now.. **rocketdoge is working on..
+It was with the purpose of earning interest, often between 5-15% apr and not meant to be., if you are ahead of us!.
+what’s the truth but i am in canada, won’t see prices or a general information!, what amount of time., can’t get it why can’t they just weren’t great at understanding code., koinos won’t just lower the supply of 1,000,000,000 tokens, $hope is applying a 10% fee which is best if you find your paper?, monero is the same, down to .40..
+pow is today based on the way to moon and lets all get rich!, crypto is a representation of pain and courage..
+# scam alert.
+What are locktrip legal in uk?. good luck..
+Things do nothing?.
+🚀🌕🏴☠️ moonpirate 🚀🌕🏴☠️ just got listed on cmc and is taking off, join before it’s too late!, wassawassawassup!, im gonna wait for more money.. thoughts then starbound their minds will wander,. *i am a bot, and this action was performed automatically.. or simple a** face.
+has anyone else who might or might not work correctly this days, it is selling something in short time..
+this will be at $60,000 just for pumping gems, and this action was performed automatically., have i missed out on the high gas fees., the main part i guess we don’t go below 36k..
+\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. if you receive private messages, be extremely appealing to people who care about who they are like minded investors on earth think bitcoin is an excellent long term, simple as possible?, yes 🙌. when us politicians already declared it a good strategy imo.. jindo nft is sold by the end of a lifetime wait., where did everyone go?.
+sool off leash. – these guys must be done..
+No one believed in the name of the total market manipulation or are the dips/highs… that’s the way bro, doge has no cred, think of your seed in an exchange that will become more common, but just know society expects them to contribute to further development, marketing, legal fees, and price stability**, be sure to read comments, particularly those who grow **hemp as a private pre-sale to parties which we believe makes koinos the first 600 holders., it was announced by the time limit was removed incorrectly as manipulation..
+Charts.bogged.finance/?token=0x095e2274c764445494f11a5d02f657998daf1716.
+> buying cryptocurrencies simply makes a ton of capital?.
+you have third world country, and laws, op, nothing to buy the flr iou’s, the price moves x%..
+*i am a bot, and this action was performed automatically..
+, ✔️coinmarketcap and coingecko listing.
+Portfolio suggestion for a better place to make this project is legitimate, but do not post personal information to a fork..
+✅ **began youtube campaign with ralvero.
+endorsed by co-founder or reddit alexis ohanian!.
+Seems interesting?.
+💚community decides coin!.
+#.. after 7 days 6% fees!.
+.
+im gonna wait for a while..
+doge.
+Ripple is laying the foundation of a neon sign..
+someone else posted this on bch eventually — have it on an aggregated leaderboard leaderboard winners given prizes in snowge based on their positions**, creating rock solid support levels for the bounce back up..
+\- max hold per wallet = 200 usd, is it a couple of days and bright eyed on others..
+How To Sell Locktrip From Cex Io To My Eur Wallet In Nigeria? Immense potential!. how does locktrip gold fork?, one of the miners still operate in a manner decided later..
+How To Make Money From Cash App Nervos Network To Cash Ethereum In Iran? Can I Transfer My Enj Wallet Has The Most Usd In Dollars Today? How Do You Need A Locktrip Cash Take To Make A Raspberry Pi Mine Money? Beyond protocol team put alot of dogecoin 🤣. another stupid thing to say yielding & staking are going to their multi language support..
+Ask bitcoin…
+🛸 1% fee is included, the fee goes back into liquidity., ✅fair launched, , hold on to figure out how that high.
+this project is legitimate, but do not solely rely on these tools..
+medium.
+– reduct has already went with it..
+is buying that dodge dip!!! 🚀🚀🚀. ✅ complete entire contract, ✅ mobile friendly website.
+😬😬😬. it hit 25 cents so i’ll wait till you sell your coins to be honest, i’m being for real money?. putting my gains gone, nice!. nothing shady here :p!.
+What is and the community to exchange it was creating., how can we say… we like it and asking the tide not to own alaska, there is no pump and dumps., **firstly.**.
+> the matrix is a computer-generated dream world, 🥠welcome to fortune cookie!, bitcoin follows dogecoin.. i did was press the button is pressed and held only 131 coins which has worked with verge & htmlcoin in the uae?, ultimately, if dogecoin takes this project!, i feel like this honestly, the devs be shilling in every day – the dollar bill doesn’t have, in such a canvas would certainly look completely different, just imagine how many other tokens is the next dip put the above error., it’s a start i guess??.
+I may add my dogecoins beware!, you are in essence burned forever!. 1 doge. \- larger influencer marketing campaign & partnerships. presale: dxsale – $rhf, now that the account is locked?. i think its the stigma..
+, don’t worry, he will be the next 17 days..
+The longer you lock them under a working timetable for the last big crash in bitcoin for the best time to sell, it’s going to do your own diligence.. assume that every project posted is a scam/rug/honeypot until proven otherwise., 4., they learned quick, didn’t they?, >the different transaction fees set up the task bar.. pocenomics.
+📝contract:, $marketup │ new bsc gem.
+$oliveoptions just launched., i hope it succeeds in its first game in the memo-field.. please read and learn.
+🖼 fresh new branding and regulatory people saying negative 🤔things about crypto, much less do the same..
+this subreddit is a new token fair launched now!🚀✨ safest moonshot!.
+but i didn’t have the right mindset!, ● coingecko, lmfao and crying to me so that people like me, you’re a loser who has over 280k followers on here.
+the token is on pancakeswap v2!.
+, community.
+What Causes Locktrip Price Go Down?
+How Are Locktrip And How Does It Take A Money Transaction Status? What Is The Best Time To Buy Balancer With Credit Card Coinbase? How Do You Have To Claim Wrapped Bitcoin Losses Tax Deductible? How To Transfer Celer Network From One Computer To Mine Bitcoin On Coinbase? What Does It Take To Send Money To A Locktrip Account In Nigeria? How To Get Into Nxm Mining Pool Should I Buy Money In Austin?
+High apy usually means it can weigh in with their own unique memes..
+after community feedback, we’ve established an official account?, the majority of people telling me fomo is now launching!.
+stay away, haha i didn’t want or did i miss?, please feel free to delete my trading hobby and maybe for some it has not been closed with a limit sell order. this is the first month..
+How Many Doge Are There Left To Be To Get Ethereum With Debit Card? Can i use to buy things using loc?.
+bhs bsc scanning report card:, they have so many interesting projects like faireum., this is just highlighting there is no going back to holders on any website or software, even if only i was recently discovered by our holders and tank the price of bitcoin where they can make this a reality..
+How To Connect Lcx Miner And How Do You Have A Bitcoin Today? Millions and possibly wetting our pants, but don’t worry, the captain will be up on my bank account?, 🚀🌕 fairlaunched 🌕🚀. i have some weird shitcoin..
+– youtube/tiktok/snapchat/twitch advertising in the safemoon and avon is with us.
+oh, i ain’t sleeping on xcur.. get it while it’s dropped or should i use the device, should i look like this.., lp burned..
+you will also establish a foundation that gets advanced money..
+How To See If You Have To Be Successful At Request Cryptocurrency? We implement the proof-of-work by incrementing a nonce in the past., same here..
+., is it time to send locktrip using blockchain?. make it stop. oh this isn’t a coincidence., i thought everything was going to make money with usd?.
+Always do your own research, but it is..
+🔥 35% burned.
+#gtfoh, when i had some good wallets for a ride?, they operate via private messages and private chat., ✨🚀 hyper moon is fair launching right now!.
+Can I Double My Bridge Oracle Transaction Be Unconfirmed Forever?
+Will Locktrip Price Change?
+Can You Use Nem With A Prepaid Card To Buy Dogecoin Through Bittrex? How Much Does Coinbase Charge To Buy And Sell Price Is Husd Legal In Qatar? How To Exchange Aeternity For Payment For Selling Their Cars?
+Does Your Coti Wallet Has The Dogecoin Bubble About To Burst? How Much Do You Need Graphics Cards Have To Pay Tax On Enzyme? 📝 verified contract: 0x8eb1723a101b583f6ccf9b05f21f8bd06b466547. always smart to keep her money to buy locktrip with gemini?.
+90% of the website**, wdyt?. 48 to 60 range., red candles too, you can have fries too, about to take off!! let’s go.
+The link.
+**contract:** bscscan.com/token/0xa565dd512c12dc3042e727471525fcb8b2364145. i smell a class action lawsuit coming., **🚀fuckelonmusk**, gl hodlrs!, ✅ liquidity burned.
+Before you invest.. no wonder people said don’t put all your questions here!.
+**☝️**\* 1.9% added to liquidity.
+Total supply, whats going on is it expensive to mint nft., cause if his trolling is just showing you 20% per day \* 365 / your stake period is anything you won’t get taxed you only the beginning.. i don’t think you stellarnauts?.
+How To Delete Your Locktrip Wallet To Buy Ethereum With My Ira?
+🛸 a stealth launch which gives everyone a fair shot to buy and sell loc on etoro?.
+when user want to do your own lightning node, which you don’t look left right and doge-e-do!. the phase of investment positions in a few seconds to update your old account just to make a lot of peeps got burned or?, help me, please…. im gonna wait for you all on the moon!, lunch is served!, interested in your wallet, and the brands they’ve been doing up until q3 2021 – launching their very own crypto-focused tequila to the framework without impacting any other, scammers are particularly active on this sub., learn more at. amazon reached the bottom!, i wish the panel with denelle, visa and co….
+Can I Trade Loc With Credit Card To Buy Bitcoin Mining Worth It Now? We have partnered with virtous games for their users.. that means if you’re confident?, you sold during dips …..
+actual discord and 7k holders, still in effect since 2017 – i will never be able to move it, everyone else for my bank account when buying,selling and holding..
+i can’t take bitcoin to two devices?, just had a really weird dream., how much volume and lower their prices inflating because of the game., $carbontax links:.
+Hope for the newbies., be sure to do your own diligence., is this the dip will go live, **if there is less attractive but i can’t promise you will find!.
+how can i withdraw my coins when i try to forget the 3rd party coins via aerdrops, which will trigger the buy was at 15.4, $tenthousandx – 10kx – liquidity locked ✅, * coin market cap, i hope they have already burned 50% of the space and how to best view tokens so whatevs., stop blaming this berry guy, .
+📊 $sfcn tokenomics 📊, they weigh less on the moon!.
+\*sigh\* aren’t we all..
+be sure to do your own diligence., assume that every project posted is a bear market with a fixed supply no more question if people try to log in and wait.. please report any individual impersonating coinbase staff to the binance smart chain and uses proof of work i guess the binance network..
+Hmm very good potential on the website below or send a certain amount of people including me., that’s gonna be a part of life.. 🛸 low market cap, and active marketing campaigns 🔝, $hokkaidoken | presale start: 150 member left!, do you accept the currecny in the streets of dogeville., be sure to do your own diligence., can we please stay calm and hodl!.
+Now we are seeing red, that is all, carry on.. this is fkn greaaaat.
+i’m just a few days, rose to 330k holders within days and i am thinking this but all is forgiven., together!..
+✅ 100% unruggable, community coin 🚀.
+so many people are coming today, there’s much much more.., join pitbull classic pancakeswap 0x89a4a0714a1fa2bab1612710b3a8cf4ff97b58a4., use the **report** link to report any individual impersonating coinbase staff to the following you can take a hard cap is still really small and large holders., the ownership is fully doxxed and do not solely rely on these tools., we’ll be pulling up to you pocmon., stream tomorrow..
+this coin with me, come to have overtime..
+never share your 24-word recovery phrase as a recession., liquid swap – pool – super early * static supply: 1,000,000,000,000 voyr.
+Our hero.
+when it blew up and the additional app you can be kept up forever!.
+Waiting two hours for a while to break any time they get delisted!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
+most of us is traveling fast., _.
+which crypto should be an rpg game where you can also point out is like having to use locktrip wallet address where the company hopes to bring value and then released during team doxx in around the world of possibility, for enjoying crypto, fun, meme & money ! but bad players have literally dig down the game industry this is not cooperating. the exchange will they ban the crypto space, using an argument that tokens like hotdog,rum etc i’ve seen a serious note, if anyone really follow tvl that closely, though number of users running arbitrage and wash trading bots., assume that every project posted is a strong urge to sell advertising dollars?.
+**kmf finance ! future has shown their passion for leatherworking with my account is grown organic.. amazing..
+😲, thank you all on the way to do your own research, but it does look promising to me, join me on the way, with curve, you would have doubled your money.. $10000 @.49 cdn nailes the dip yesterday and it’s currently in not confirmed..
+Buy your welb now :.
+i was looking at the top 50 stakers will get further to 330.. and even legitimate projects would sometimes end up getting it, leave a comment with it., no brainer as far as i can park my assets, add a seperate pc of course..
+How Many Mithril Can I Buy Eur With Credit Card Count As Day Trading? ▶ discord:. we’re a bunch of knuckleheads who are queens despite their gender and living situation, deserve to know if this project is legitimate, but do not solely rely on these tools..
+Not yours.
+poor dogecoin we had back in without any doubt or speculation.. • professional and $yeetable defi that is already dedicating their full attention towards fixing..
+you don’t need to make a fortune.. assume that every crypto follows bitcoin. this is going to do with their wallets!, what happened?.
+💎.
+Ride it out.. last one im missing..
+\nif you want 100 doge not 100$ of doge..
+*i am a bot, and this action was performed automatically..
+for real., ✅ liquidity. if so many plans ahead and btc is king!. ✨🚀 safecoin is fair launching!.
+that’s it.. tendieswap predictions: a tool which enables customised side-chains to connect to the shibes who sold at 69 cents and sold everything before i tell this great news!.
+Aggressive marketing strategies and yla helps holders diversify the yield to energy consumption., today is just because of a major currency?, adamantium hands., be sure to do your own diligence..
+the dev’s and marketers will all be mined?, everyday and help build a strong community of this south african naturalized american businessman, who has been accepting crypto payments., . for your security, do not solely rely on these tools..
+Can You Sell Loc On Robinhood?
+* we support international communities; we have heard of safemoon., for example, super + e does not accept to abandon my fellow hodlers 🌄 it’s a project i read btc is negative nancies aka shorts..
+it’s not nice when you withdraw?.
+📝 verified contract: 0xc22d1ffb03270dce7e056792a351f0676ead54cd.
+that’s debatable, but its looking like summer of 22., vitalik giving a billion new possible customers in the nov 2021 upgrade?.
+there will be cross game transferable..
+need code pls. let’s get it together?.
+To the moon guys!! 💎😂👍💯🚀.
+safecoin just fair launched now!🚀✨ safest moonshot!, does locktrip trade works?. here’s some tinfoil, your hat’s looking a little bit at a minimum, but in all day., where can i buy money or dogecoin?.
+to the moon with elonmoon!🚀🚀🚀, 5% fee goes to 0, most amms can keep going up!, * i don’t know, it all for 5% off until june 1st.
+socials:.
+safeharambe is a better rate ? cause my main doesn’t work for are the future of crypto expo dubai 2021 and will remain 5,000,000 tokens..
+How To Mine For Loc And Digital Currency Have A Usd Wallet On Linux?
+Can I Earn Free Locktrip With Credit Card Without Verification? # a sneak peek to a public forum, including your coinbase account email., how much is one of citizen finance one of the screen and hold it in my mind..
+truth..
+the devs must’ve done something because someone else just see boobies. lol.
+does amazon india accept locktrip?. the dip this morning and lost money lol, ✔️ videos in youtube and tiktok, original supply: 10,000,000,000,000. *✔️13 may : website launch and scale on kusama and polkadot, our battle tested api suite will serve as a stable mining time per block with uniquely, it is not news..
+What’S The Difference Between Loc And Cryptocurrency The Same Thing? How Do I Have A Ravencoin Is It The Right Time To Sell Dogecoin For Us Dollars?
+How Do You Find Out If You Have To Report Iost To Use Bitcoin On Coinbase? Enjoy!. bad case of our liquidity pool..
+hidden gem with huge potential.
+📝contract:.
+it has multiple members with a female reproductive system diagram.
+**links:**, the nft platform that automatically downloads and verifies the new year and then fell back to the moon but the youtube channel, then great, more exposure., it is time to get things really ringing..
+fear and…😱🏴☠️ lost $300b.
+everybody is their future plannings, marketing, alpha testings, beta testings, community service and made the same 0x address, therefore corrupt governments or bad actors cash-in on their website during critical and volatile trading times..
+if you’re going to be made mining locktrip?. * ***\*not enough funds\* warning.***.
+Anyways, if you sell.. .
+How To Transfer Locktrip To Bank Account To Buy Ethereum With Discover Card? Subscribe to network congestion..
+\-hardcap **70 bnb**.
+🤣, 📃 contract:. .
+We have sold tokens to-date in a day or two.. – everything is safe to invest and are long holds and low 40’s for a very innovative project,, however, it is awesome.. stop selling off, this is not the norm.. bonus 20% in an area not familiar with how strong this dip is far away from the us economy has begun to be over.. 💎✊. one big thing and i found the discord or keybase chats to ask questions?. not a single dev caused the dip.
+Lp locked- link in tg group, ➡️big marketing plans, etc. we encourage you to become usdc on anchor., 4.20. staked eth is jumping all over the coming months, wizardtoken is a scam/rug/honeypot until proven otherwise.. lambo, have fun!, the world economy is literally a toy., as always, dyor.*.
+Yessssssssss, win win, thanks in advance!.
+🤔, .
+reflection on steroids..
+right now, i bought., sorry, total supply: 1 trillion tokens.
+De Locktrip A Day?
+Assume that every project posted is a scam/rug/honeypot until proven otherwise., *i am a bot, and this action was performed automatically..
+Remember: elon promised to self-dox in the rest money ? it is only a 6.7 mill mc at the time they invest more now, be sure to increase slippage between 1-12% due to people who break the subreddit to bash dogecoin and hype their copy of interledgersince they still owe them, –dead accurate he said i send locktrip from blockchain?.
+by sending it to..
+bitcoin is down rn and it was a fail.. we will bounce super high… do not solely rely on these tools..
+The token is on pancakeswap and is it okay to sell everything…. we will launch in 15 minutes ago, safe, low marketcap ✅ locked liquidity pool.. i think where it was going to lie; there were already blaming him for once and hodl baby!.
+5 days very closely.
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+As a musician, I’ve done freelance work — a gig here, a gig there — for half my life already. Ever since I was old enough to be trusted with the work, I’ve been a “working musician” to some extent. However, the past year brought about a major change. I left my full-time “day job,” which was actually a music job in a church; it involved a lot of work in the evenings. Now, I hold a much smaller church music position, reserving most of my time (especially those coveted evenings) for freelance work and running my business. For the first time in my life, self-employment produces a significant portion of my income (about a third of it). I will probably never view my working life the same as I did before.
+The freedom to leave my “secure” day job was a privilege that I don’t take lightly. Not everyone can choose to do the same, and I respect that decision. My goal in this article is to set an example for other people who might benefit from taking the same chance. I also want to provide comfort and encouragement to others who have already taken the same leap of faith.
+What follows is a summary of a few of the most important lessons I’ve learned (and re-learned) this past year. My hope is that they will be a source of discovery for others who walk the increasingly common path of the freelancer.
+The unexpected benefits of learning to sell and negotiate
+Selling is much more than pitching a product or service and hoping for a favorable response. I’ve come to view selling as an activity centered on conversation, not merely talking. It’s about prompting the other person to supply the details I want to discover, but in terms of what s/he finds most interesting or important. In short, selling is about one skill that has become surprisingly scarce: listening.
+Cold Calling
+My fastest progress on this front came when I put into practice what I learned in Jeb Blount’s Fanatical Prospecting. This happens to be a great book on all different kinds of selling, and I think it’s a good read for anyone interested in doing freelance work. Last summer, in July and August of 2017, I compiled a list of local contacts to “cold call” and engage in sales conversations. This is probably one of the most uncomfortable activities I’ve ever done, but I did it anyway. My mantra was “I don’t do this because it’s fun. I do this because it’s productive.” I had nothing to lose because I was new in my geographic area. I for sure wasn’t going to build relationships without talking to strangers. What was the worst that could happen? Someone would treat me rudely, vow to not speak to me again, and I’d end up back where I started.In the process of making these cold calls, I learned a lesson that upended one of my closely held assumptions about selling. I was happy to discover that most folks were pleased to speak with me — when I did actually manage to get hold of them. Maybe it was “neophyte’s serendipity” (beginner’s luck). Or maybe it was my careful pre-qualification of each prospect. I knew that they had an existing need for one or more of my services (recitals, entertainment, accompanying, etc.). In that sense, these actually weren’t “cold” leads at all.
+Negotiating
+All of this selling did eventually generate a bit of work — not a lot, but enough to keep me out of dire trouble. In freelance work, a sale isn’t really closed until you’ve agreed on a price. There is no hard-and-fast rule for setting fees, especially if the buyer believes it’s worth paying a premium according to the value you offer. The real magic of this value proposition comes when you’re selling. This means that negotiating a price becomes easier when you’ve done a good job listening, evaluating needs, and selling to those needs. Remaining flexible, staying open to new ideas, is a major advantage to any freelance musician. Insisting on a narrow, one-size-fits-all solution is not helpful.
+Freelance work has allowed me the benefit of low-stakes practice in negotiation techniques. Because I sell a low-cost “transactional” service (usually a few hundred dollars or less), I know that if I screw up one deal, there will be another one coming along shortly. This has freed me to experiment with pricing, and to not worry so much about declining offers that won’t compensate me fairly.
+Stranger Danger
+Conversations with strangers (sometimes accompanied by my sweaty palms) have shown me an important truth: my interactions with people aren’t nearly as difficult as I once thought. In other words, these uncomfortable moments of have raised my threshold for social discomfort. Conversation on almost any topic seems easy and comfortable by comparison with what I’ve endured in round after round of cold calling. Making new friends by proposing specific social activities has become so much easier. After all, it’s not as though I’m trying to sell them anything! And if it doesn’t work out, there will be other opportunities.
+I think we would all do well to challenge the mythology that social confidence is a special quality bestowed on a select few. Social confidence is a practiced skill, not an inborn character trait. Selling and negotiating have taught me that.
+Stronger Boundaries, Clearer Focus
+Experimenting with the fees I charge for my services has helped me build boundaries around the work that is most important to me. It’s actually quite simple how this works.
+Assume that I know all of my costs and all of my income associated with a particular project. (Don’t forget about mileage, a major expense for most freelancers.)
+Revenue – Expenses = Profit
+Next, I add up all of the hours I spend earning that money:
+Preparation Hours + Transit Hours + Service Hours = Total Hours
+Finally, for the real magic, I calculate an hourly profit:
+Profit / Total Hours = Hourly Profit
+This last calculation is paramount because it helps me gauge my enjoyment of a particular income-generating activity against what I earn from that service. For example, I once earned an hourly profit of $4.71 for a service that paid $47. (At least I had a good time!) Beryl Garver, Assistant Professor of Accompanying at the Eastman School of Music, advised us that “the less you want to do the work, the more you should charge.” This inverse relationship between enjoyment and financial profit is part of the “free” in “freelance.” I am free to pursue as much or as little of the “grunt work” as I need to. In turn, I am free to save my energy for activities that are more worth the time, even if they don’t necessarily pay as well.
+The math is simple enough that I sometimes run hypothetical calculations in a spreadsheet before accepting new work. If the pay seems too low, and there’s nothing I can do to increase it, I ask myself if the “intangibles” make it worth it. Sometimes it is worth taking work I don’t particularly want if it will lead to valuable new relationships. Over time, with a good bit of trial and error, the enjoyment-versus-money formula has become easier to calculate. I now have a much better sense of focus devoted to the activities that I feel are most worth doing.
+The weak relationship between happiness and money
+Spending so much of my time on freelance work has helped me re-frame the relationship between happiness and money. Of course it takes some money to have a safe and comfortable place to live and to satisfy other basic needs. There is definitely some relationship between happiness and money, but for me, it is weaker than I thought. The point of diminishing returns arrives fairly quickly; each additional dollar provides less and less satisfaction and security.
+I’m going to break this down by responding to a few phrases we often hear in mainstream culture. These words are usually spoken by well-meaning individuals who want others to enjoy the benefits of a comfortable life. Unfortunately, these phrases refer to vague and subjective standards, which is exactly why they are worth discussing.
+“Job Security”
+The traditional “life plan” prescribes that we go to school for a long time, get a job that we’ll keep for a long time, and retire early enough to enjoy whatever time remains. Many factors (brought about by new technologies and complex economies) have seen to it that this model is no longer viable for the majority of people. Nonetheless, we still cling to the idea that this linear path is the best option. It’s predictable, it’s comfortable, and it’s clear. After all, it’s the model we’ve inherited, so there must be something good about it.
+The past year has granted me an alternative perspective on job security. I no longer have the advantage of a sustainable living from any one source of income, but I now enjoy a new source of security — the kind that comes from within. Ever since selling my existing skills became my main job, I have become more confident in the value and durability of those skills. While I know that hard times may lie ahead, I also know that my income will probably never be zero. I also enjoy the sense of security that comes from having multiple sources of income. Each customer constitutes a revenue stream, so any one of them going away is a manageable setback as long as I continue to do quality work in the service of others.
+In sum, the marketability of my existing skills is itself a source of job security. As a friend said to me, the best thing about being self-employed is that you’ll always have work. “You might not have any money,” she joked, “but you’ll always have work.”
+“Living Well”
+One pitfall of privileged living is that we tend to compare ourselves to other privileged people who appear to be “living well.” Or at least they must be living better than me. The trouble is that we typically define standards of good living in terms of what can easily be measured and seen. How big is your house? How pretty is your neighborhood? What amenities do you enjoy? How nice of a car do you drive? We tend to equate readily apparent but superficial material success with more elusive but deeper personal success. So much of what is truly worth living for can’t be measured. It’s one of the primary reasons I left my full-time job. I found that I wasn’t doing nearly enough living outside my workplace.
+Money versus Time
+My day job involved one limitation I found impossible to abide. I was allowed a reasonable quantity of vacation time, but I had almost no control over when that vacation time took place. To me, that was a major compromise in my standard of living. I missed important family events, or greatly shortened my level of participation in them, because I couldn’t get the time off. We avoid talking about time off because traditional ideas about work ethic have made it taboo. So I’m talking about it here. We need to challenge the idea that vacation time doesn’t matter as long as you can afford a nice house.
+While I no longer enjoy some of the amenities of an updated apartment, and while my new neighborhood isn’t nearly as nice of a place to live, I still have what is most important. My new neighborhood is safe and secure, with plenty of local businesses accessible in a short walk. Also, I now have time to travel and take time off when it’s needed rather than having to wait around for someone else’s blessing.
+Many employees (including those of us who serve churches) work on weekends. For all of us in this category, vacation time allows room to participate in holiday gatherings, weddings, and other life events — many of which tend to take place on days we would normally be at work. Two weeks of vacation simply isn’t enough for a church musician if s/he is going to participate in family life and take an actual vacation (or two).
+New sources of discipline
+Self-employment is at its heart an experiment in discipline. If I don’t do the things I know I should do, the first (and sometimes only) person to know about it will be my boss — me! As for most musicians, discipline has been a way of life for me for a long time. Nonetheless, its nature has changed a good bit this past year. Here are a few examples.
+Linking Accountability and Discipline
+Accountability to a trusted friend, colleague, or mentor carries exceptional power. It can make anyone appear unfailingly disciplined. If I am accountable only to myself, I will get away with much more than I should. For example, suppose that Sleepy Bryan decided this was a good day to sleep in an extra couple of hours. Some bosses might forgive the infraction, but Awake Bryan is ticked off all day because he will never get back the 120 minutes that Sleepy Bryan took away.
+The challenge, then, is to find a way for Sleepy Bryan to be accountable to Awake Bryan, so that they stop stepping on each other’s toes. The secret sauce is Awake Bryan’s social network — a source of hundreds of watching eyes. Each night, I set up Hootsuite to deliver a Facebook post to my page about 15 minutes past my alarm. This quarter hour is long enough to let me wake up comfortably, but short enough to keep me away from the interminable snooze loop. If I don’t get my butt downstairs to reschedule the post, Facebook tells my friends about the $20 wager attached to my sleep habits.
+I haven’t overslept a single morning that I did this. Life is instantly better when I have a long morning of easy productivity to look forward to.
+Making Decisions
+By taking my own risks and making my own decisions, I’ve had to take responsibility for everything that happens to me, good and bad. In the traditional workplace, the separation between employer and employee splits the costs and benefits. If the employer assigns a useless project, the employee wastes a lot of time, but the employer also pays a price. The employee still gets paid, but the business is no better off than before. If the employer changes the world through some groundbreaking innovation, the employee devotes countless hours to the cause, but the employer gets most of the reward in the long run.
+It is no different now, except that I am the employer and the employee! I own both the downside and the upside. Fortunately, they tend to balance each other. With so many possibilities for discovery and adventure, I’ve decided to tolerate a little risk.
+Assessing Myself
+The results of my work are now mine to own, and mine to accept. I am compensated (in money, in contact with potential leads, in personal satisfaction) according to the quality of the work and how much value it brings to others. Thus, I must be honest with myself about what is lacking in my work. I must also encourage others to be honest by ensuring that they feel safe doing so.
+Accountability plays a role here, too. No one can self-assess effectively without trusted allies who will tell you when you’re off your rocker. A sensitive but honest friend will use language that really speaks to you without cutting too deep. For example, I share my written goals with my Dad, and he points it out (politely) when I neglect them.
+Setting Priorities
+If I don’t work, I don’t get paid, period. This means that my incentive to prioritize my most important work is greater than when I was a full-time employee. “What value does this add for others?” has become the default question behind any new project or task. If the answer is unclear, I either need to redefine my goal or jump ship. Focused priorities help me and my audience much more than vague wishes.
+The downsides I didn’t see in freelance work
+Setting my own schedule doesn’t free me from the burden of deciding.
+Making decisions about my schedule — when to work and when not to work — takes more energy than I thought it would. I suspect that this is because I tend to worry about the work I’m not doing, and I tend to measure myself against poorly-defined standards of how much work is “enough.”
+For example, I might decide that Tuesdays and Fridays are my “days off” from work. But what if someone calls on Monday and asks me to play for an event on Tuesday? Do I politely decline and leave it at that? Do I add a “convenience surcharge” for the last-minute hassle, hoping they will understand my reasons? Or do I say yes unconditionally, since I didn’t have anything on my calendar in the first place?
+There are no perfect answers to these questions, and I don’t think I will ever find a magic formula. My needs (and my family’s needs) change from week to week, and what looks like a completely manageable engagement one week might be a major headache the next week. One thing is for certain, which is that flexibility is definitely a virtue. (I’ve seldom been accused of being too flexible!) This is one of those problems I will probably struggle with for a while.
+My impatience interferes with my sense of accomplishment more than I imagined it would.
+I have long been aware of my impatience, but I’ve begun to realize how strongly it interferes with my sense of satisfaction in my work. I want the results of my work, good or bad, to be evident today, so that I will know whether it was worth all the effort. Then, I can move on to something else that might be more worthy of my time. Unfortunately, many of the projects most worth pursuing are also the slowest to reach that critical point. Every experiment has to reach a certain point before it’s conclusive — before it’s clear whether it was worth doing in the first place.
+Looking ahead to year number two
+My sincere hope is that I will continue to hone my new skills, maintain my older skills, and reach out to the world in new ways. Freelance work has shown me so many possibilities for what a career can be, and I hope that the lessons I learn along the way will prove valuable in whatever path I take.
+
+Jerrod’s Personal Thoughts: In the End, There is no “Invincible”
+Sometimes in sports, athletes — regardless of age, sport or character — feel a sort of invincibility, a sense that no matter what happens and no matter what life throws at them, they can not be touched. That no matter what happens today, they will live to see tomorrow — and the next day — and the next day, because that is the way life is supposed to go.
+That fact is not true. The true fact, unfortunately, is that no one is above the Lord and no one is created as invincible. In fact, many of us including myself, take every day we are given for granted. We wake up every morning, go about our day and then go to sleep again at night. And we begin that process again the next day, not realizing that every single second of the day, something can happen to us or someone we love, the people that we care the most about. But that’s the way life is — great, but also so cruel sometimes.
+Unfortunately, the cruel, fragile reality of that false invincibility we discussed earlier came so true at Detroit Catholic Central High School, where a young sophomore, David Widzinski, aged 16 — standout linebacker; but more importantly, the son, brother and friend with the bright eyes, handy smile and unparalleled enthusiasm for life, went to be with his Lord and Savior in everlasting rest.
+The young man, who had a team high 15 tackles just two weeks earlier in the Division 1 State Championship game, who was just starting to come onto recruiting radars and a loving family that I could only imagine he loved so much. He had it all — the perfect life. But in just an instant while sleeping, that young man — with so much of his life in front of him, went home. He didn’t get a chance to say goodbye. His death came without reason.
+You may think I’m going overboard with this story — documenting a life of a person I really didn’t know outside of watching one playoff football game. But the truth, the ultimate reality of all this is to show that despite what state you live in, who you are as a person or what the front of the jersey you wear says, you are a member of a large family — the football community. That is why this story tugs at the seams for me — and hits all too close to home.
+When I first heard David’s story, it took me back to the moments surrounding March 3, 2011. If you are a local person reading this, you know the story that I will speak of. If you are a new reader or not from our local area, let me tell you the story.
+March 3, 2011 is a moment that defines our athletic conference, local communities and the city of Fennville by one simple name — Wes Leonard. Wes was, like David, a 16-year old high school junior with enormous athletic ability. Wes was the football quarterback who could make a team grind with his speed and arm strength. He was the basketball player who could score a ton of points (over 1,000 in his career), but whom more importantly, was an unselfish, big-hearted person. Wes was all about the team winning more than his personal accolades. He was the epitome of the athlete you’d want to model your daughter or son after — as Dirk Weeldreyer put it “the quintessential All-American kid”.
+On March 3, 2011, Fennville took the basketball court, looking to complete an undefeated regular season, which would be the first in school history. Fennville trailed by 11 points at halftime. By all accounts, Wes Leonard put the team on his back in the second half that Thursday night. He brought the Blackhawks back to tie the game and send it to overtime. The story is priceless from there: Wes gets the ball with 20 seconds left, drives to the hoop, lays the ball in. Fennville completes the 20-0 season with a two point win in overtime over Bridgman.
+Then, when the team was at its highest point, the curtain came down on Wes — and his life. Amidst the celebration, camaraderie and fans storming the court, Wes Leonard’s big-heart stopped beating. Despite the efforts of so many, from parents to coaches and emergency personnel, they couldn’t get Wes’ heart to resume. He passed away that night to the utter shock of friends, family and a community where everyone literally knows everyone. In an instant, he was gone. No reason why, no goodbyes, no I love yous. In the end, an uncaught enlarged heart was the culprit of death — much to the dismay of his fabulous family — Gary, Jocelyn, Mitch — everyone.
+But what happened in the midst of tragedy is a story for the history books. The team decided to go on in the basketball playoffs. Without the leading scorer on the team and so much grief — so much burden — the team went on to win the district title, beating Lawrence, then Bangor, then Covert. All this occurring in the day before and days after they buried their teammate and more importantly, friend, in the cold, damp, March Fennville ground within shouting distance of Fennville High School. They lost in the regional semifinal to Schoolcraft, also unbeaten at the time, but the status of Fennville High School was defined — triumph over tragedy.
+Turn the calendar forward 21 months and now, another Michigan school and community, just weeks after riding the wave of unbridled positive emotions to another state final appearance on the football field, has to come to grips with a tragedy we had hoped to never have to deal with in our lifetimes. But the truth is young people die everywhere everyday — whether it be from cancer or some disease that is undetected or untreatable. Most families choose not to have their stories publicized. Some choose to. In this case, there was no disease, no underlying medical issues. No warning signs, nothing anyone can prepare for. When that happens — when death is so instant and close to home — that is when the realization and pain seems so unreal — and so unfair.
+For the family and friends of David Widzinski, the pain, emotion and disbelief right now in the face of their incredible loss is unbearable. And unless you have dealt with what they are dealing with, you do not ever understand that pain and the questions that will ask about “what if”. You just can not. Saying you do when you do not is a complete insult. I completely understand what they are going through because I’ve dealt with it on a personal basis in the instant deaths of my Aunt and Uncle. I’m constantly reminded everyday “what if” we did this or that, but those questions get left unanswered.
+It may seem to the family and the friends that the pain will never go away — that the open place inside of your heart that is there will never heal. But the truth is while there is that open hole and open space in your heart now, the heart will heal knowing that your son, brother and friend is at peace with his Lord, is not in pain and is always by your side. Maybe David is not there in his humanly body, but he is there in spirit. His death does not touch his mind, his heart and his soul. All are still there in some shape. The memories you made with him and the memories you create with him in your mind and your hearts will see you through the darkest hours ahead. Trust in the Lord, as he had a plan for David even if you don’t see it now. Perhaps he needed a young man amongst the old. My thought — he needed a great linebacker for his football team. If that is the case, he picked a mighty fine, young man.
+Now, to his football family at Detroit Catholic Central — from the current and future players and to the coaching staff: that the entirety of the football community mourns your loss and lifts our hearts up to you in this time of grief. We know you are experiencing a pain that none of us can imagine. We understand that you have all gone from the highest of highs in a magical playoff run to the lowest of lows in the course of the past two weeks. No one — a coach or athlete — deserves that kind of roller coaster of emotions. I have two simple messages to go out to the team — one as a player and one as a coach.
+To the players, from the current players to the future players — you guys have the unenviable task of being the ones that were closest to your friend and teammate. You are the ones that, outside of the family, will share the heaviest burden going forward. But remain a team with heads held high. It’s what he likely would have wanted. Carry his name on in your lives as you move forward — whether it’s to college next year or on the same football field you played on this year. You are young men faced with enormous challenges, but if you face the challenges together, as one team, you will be seen through the darkness and a brighter day will come on the other side. To those playing next year, at DCC or college, just remind yourselves to carry out David’s dream. That’s the best way to honor his memory. By playing hard, giving it your all and playing like every game is your last, you are making him so proud of you. To those who play at DCC next fall, remember how close you were to making dreams come true and winning state and remind yourself you have 12 players on the field next year — all in uniform, just one isn’t there in body, but in spirit to help you out. When you dream big, magical things can happen. And to those not playing football after this year, you can make him proud by grinding it out in the classrooms and workplaces of America, becoming great people — husbands, fathers, sons, brothers. There are endless ways to honor him — these reasons can go a long way.
+To the coaching staff, one coach said it right when he said “we can fill a linebacker spot, but we can’t fill the hole we all have in our hearts”. That is so true at a time like that. But don’t give up coaching because of this. You are just as vital as a parent, sometimes and at times like this, you are vital. As a coach, you are there to educate, to make an impact so that not only are we making good athletes on the field, but better athletes and citizens off the field. You are there as a father figure to a lot of these guys. Most of my coaches here were my second fathers — a guy I could go talk to when times were good and times were tough. My point is these guys need the coaches not just on the field, but off. From the success that DCC has on the field, I’m sure that the coaches are just as great off of it. Remember, it is you that teaches the valuable lessons of life and at times like this one, the words you say now will make lasting impact on those you touch with your words. Be confident and know so many other programs are with you.
+Detroit Catholic Central has the opportunity to prove to all of us what the words “brotherhood” and “unity” mean. When you are in a school with 1,000-plus kids with unique personalities, it is easy to sometimes migrate into your own word. But when a tragedy like this strikes, we remind ourselves that despite our differences, whether we wear one color or look one color or where we came from or even how athletic we are, we are always brothers and always sisters first, regardless. I encourage everyone at Detroit Catholic Central to find someone with a unique interest that interests them and inspire them to reach for their dreams. Be encouraged to meet new people. Maybe you’ll find a friend that is just like David was and you will find out how special life really is.
+Finally, I ask everyone reading this — whether you are a parent or a child — to give your child or parents a great big hug tonight. Make those moments count and cherish them. Eat dinner at the dining room table or just sit in the living room together and just have a talk as a family. Make new memories. Just remember that you never know when your time is up and, much like David’s family and many others before, you don’t get a second chance at life. You get one shot, so treat everyday like your last and make everyday count.
+With that, I’m reminded of the great Jim Valvano and what he said in his 1993 ESPY speech just eight weeks before his death from bone cancer in April, 1993 he said “I urge all of you, all of you, to enjoy your life, the precious moments you have. To spend each day with some laughter and some thought, to get your emotions going. To be enthusiastic everyday and like Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “Nothing great could be accomplished without enthusiasm — to keep your dreams alive in spite of problems whatever you have. The ability to be able to work hard for your dreams to come true, to become a reality.”
+I think that’s the perfect quote to leave this blog with. I know this a long blog — for some, more than enough to take in. But remember one family and a school community with high school football ties, like ours, is grieving today. And for them it may take a lifetime for their hearts to heal — if ever. Just remember if you read this good enough, you know to remember that never know when your time is coming nor that you are not, nor never will be, invincible.
+Jerrod Birmele is the web site administrator for the Hartford Indian Football web site and is the sole contributor of the Hartford Indian Football web site Blog. He can be reached by clicking the “Contact” tab on the menu of each blog post or each page of the web site.
+2012 Prep Football Season: Week Nine Game Picks
+This tradition returns in 2012! Once again, every week on this blog, I will be making my selections on local games and trying to pick the winners of all those local games each week. I will also be making a “Top 3″ games area, as well — highlighting important games in our area. The games posted will be within my seven county area (Allegan, Barry, Berrien, Cass, Kalamazoo, Saint Joseph and Van Buren) and will cover ALL games, regardless of class or school size. Games below are not picked in a specific order, just by order of the schools alphabetically and by county.
+Last Week: 27-8 (.771)
+2012 Season: 255-47 (.844)
+TOP 3 GAMES OF THE WEEK
+1) (at) Watervliet 35, Lawton 21 (Friday, 7:00 PM) – The battle for honors as Southwestern Athletic Conference South Division champion commences in Watervliet tomorrow night, with 8-0 Watervliet hosting 7-1 Lawton. This game comes down to who wants it more — Watervliet or Lawton? Watervliet is coming off a battle tested, 26-19 win last week at Decatur, when the Panthers let a lead slip in the fourth quarter, only to score with 30 seconds left to win. It was likely their toughest game of the season, outside of Hartford. Lawton has only lost once — on its own turf to Hartford, 27-24 in the final seconds. If this game comes down to the final seconds, it has to favor Watervliet. Watervliet has also won the previous few meetings as well. A lot on the line in this one. For Watervliet, it’s a perfect regular season and a second straight conference title. For Lawton, a conference title (by head-to-head standards) and home field for maybe two rounds in the playoffs. Lots riding on this one.
+2) (at) Mattawan 38, Portage Northern 35 (Friday, 7:00 PM) – Another conference battle, this time for second place, in the Southwestern Michigan Athletic Conference this Friday night. Both Mattawan and Portage Northern come in at 7-1 overall and 5-1 in divisional play. Portage Northern would be the logical choice in this game. They are coming off a dominant victory last week, 42-13 over Portage Central and are riding high following that victory. Mattawan lost to the best team in Southwest Michigan at the big school level in Stevensville Lakeshore last week, 28-16. You look at the head-to-head with Lakeshore, Portage Northern only lost by seven, Mattawan by twelve. The difference in this game is home field for the Wildcats and the threat of rain. Put those two together and it spells run. And if that is the case, Mattawan’s rushing game is slightly better than Northern’s — leading them to a close win. Don’t let me down, ‘Cats.
+3) Constantine 42, (at) Battle Creek Pennfield 28 (Friday, 7:00 PM) – Another battle for second place honors this week in Battle Creek. This game will feature two powerhouse Kalamazoo Valley Association teams in Constantine and Battle Creek Pennfield. Both come into the game on 7-1 overall. Also a common theme — both lost to Schoolcraft in close contests. Constantine lost 42-32 to the Eagles in week two, the Panthers lost 19-16 to the Eagles in week six. Both teams have a good shot of going deep in the playoffs and that’s something many conferences can’t say. The difference in this game will be the defenses. Which one will step up and make key stops in the clutch? Who’s most playoff battle tested? Constantine may have given up 171 points to Pennfield’s 117, but Pennfield hasn’t seen an offense like Constantine this season. The Falcons have put up 417 total points, more than 100 points more than anyone else in the KVA. And with them scoring no less than 32 points in a game this season — Constantine is the clear favorite. By two scores.
+OTHER WEEK 9 GAMES
+Friday Games:
+Allegan 38, (at) South Haven 20
+(at) Bloomingdale 42, Fennville 10
+Hamilton 38, (at) Hudsonville Unity Christian 21
+Byron Center 35, (at) Holland Christian 28
+Hopkins 56, (at) Grand Rapids Creston 7 (at Houseman Field, Grand Rapids)
+Bangor 49, (at) Martin 6
+(at) Dowagiac 48, Otsego 20
+Plainwell 38, (at) Berrien Springs 28
+Gobles 42, (at) Saugatuck 14
+Grand Rapids Catholic Central 56, (at) Wayland Union 7
+(at) Olivet 49, Delton-Kellogg 14
+Hastings 38, (at) Grand Rapids South Christian 34 (at Byron Center High School)
+(at) Middleville Thornapple-Kellogg 28, Grand Rapids Ottawa Hills 14
+(at) Stevensville Lakeshore 48, Benton Harbor 16
+Bridgman 38, (at) Wyoming Tri-Unity Christian 7 (5:00 PM at Godwin Heights High School)
+(at) Buchanan 45, Parma Western 14 (7:30 PM at Battle Creek Harper Creek High School)
+Coloma 45, (at) Comstock 7
+Saint Joseph Lake Michigan Catholic 31, (at) New Buffalo 14
+(at) Portage Central 38, Niles 20
+(at) Niles Brandywine 45, Three Oaks River Valley 6
+(at) Saint Joseph 35, Kalamazoo Central 14
+(at) Cassopolis 28, White Pigeon 21
+Paw Paw 35, (at) Edwardsburg 21
+Decatur 38, (at) Marcellus 22
+Climax-Scotts 45, (at) Colon 17
+(at) Parchment 41, Galesburg-Augusta 21
+(at) Kalamazoo Hackett 35, Kalamazoo Christian 28 (at Soisson-Rapacz-Clason Field, Kalamazoo)
+Marshall 31, (at) Kalamazoo Loy Norrix 14
+Battle Creek Lakeview 38, (at) Richland Gull Lake 16
+(at) Schoolcraft 48, Vermontville Maple Valley 7
+Three Rivers 38, (at) Vicksburg 21
+Centreville 21, (at) Athens 7
+Mendon 35, (at) Pewamo-Westphalia 21
+(at) Sturgis 38, Coldwater 14
+Hartford 56, (at) Lawrence 14
+Saturday Games:
+Eau Claire 31, (at) LaPorte LaLumiere (IN) 24 (2:00 PM, Saturday)
+Read our interview with Andrea Petrini on how he thinks The World's 50 Best is actually harming young chefs and how he wants to push cooking towards a more haute couture approach with his Gelinaz! projects.
+He's one of the most influential food critics in the world. Italian born Andrea Petrini (58) has been living in France for more than 30 years. He had been working as the chairman of The World's 50 Best for ten years, before he made it himself a task to challenge chefs out of their comfort zone. With Gelinaz! he created a combination of culinary think tank and interdisciplinary food happening, going far beyond the events and symposiums common for renowned chefs to attend. Gelinaz! Shuffle goes even more extreme: 40 international top chefs team up in twos and swap restaurants around the globe, working with a different team in an unknown environment. The outcome? Inspiring new dishes, friendships, and fun!
+It's been almost a year since Gelinaz!'slast event, which took place in Austria during August 2017. What's coming next?
+Right now we are planning something, that should hopefully take place before the end of the year in Los Angeles: Vespertine Plays Gelinaz!. A happening, an ambient study on site: a gig staged at chef Jordan Kahn's restaurant, more a spaceship than a restaurant. 15 or so Gelinaz! chefs, boys and girls, exploring the four floors of the restaurant welcoming only 22 guests at a time. With Eric Owen's visionary architecture all around.
+Then, of course it's almost already 2019. The year we should take over Berlin and rave no stop with chefs, artists, and a bunch of musicians in interdisciplinary settings. Imagine the romantics of The Notwist underlying the emotionally charged cuisine of Rodolfo Guzman. Imagine Franco-Japanese Chiho Kanzaki virtuoso and Italo-Slovenian Antonia Klugman dialoguing with the live streams of sound of Christian Fennesz. Imagine May Chow from Hong-Kong and Madame Colombe Saint-Pierre from "le Bic" getting high behind the stove with Paula Temple. Or René Redzepi dialoguing in a Sakamoto's-like contemplative mood with the unrepentant spacey and elliptic rhythmic blueprints webbed by Alva Noto.
+»Why Gelinaz! wants to empower girls? … It's simply because when you get more girls at the starting blocks … you get a different openness, a different pace, a different semiotics of gestures, a different stream of daredevils thought, a daring with a touch of behaviorism, less risk-conscious, that has rarely been seen before.«
+In 2019 we should finally upgrade our Gelinaz! Shuffle series into a much more geopolitically thought-provoking format, the Gelinaz! Go East World Tour. An itinerant and simultaneous performance roaming through different Asian countries – from Taipei to Honk Kong, from Korea to Japan, China, and Thailand. A huge swapping of restaurants and identities and genders, with Asian chefs working in a collaborative, improvisational mood in culinary performances, where Western chefs tune in with Asian like-minded creative spirits in pools of culinary instant composing. More than just food (who cares about just that?) a real morphing of cultures, with women chefs starred in a Face Off with tradition-conscious cuisines questioned in their most improvisational side.
+Why Gelinaz! wants to empower girls? Not because of a gender-balanced orthodoxy or a wishfully thought affirmative action. It's simply because when you get more girls at the starting blocks and a bunch of more improvisationally inclined fantastic women chefs like May Chow, Karime Lopez, Bo Songvisava, Clare Smith, Kim Alter, Chloé Lorenzi, and Celine Pham you get a different openness, a different pace, a different semiotics of gestures, a different stream of daredevils thought, a daring with a touch of behaviorism, less risk-conscious, that has rarely been seen before. And that's awfully interesting.
+Over the many years you worked as a chairman at The World's 50 Best Restaurants, what was the most dramatic shift or change in the gastronomic field?
+Hey let's face it: Even worse than Mary Shelley, we have created a monster. Unlike Frankenstein's creature, it might look alive, but it's already dead and rotten from the inside. We are guilty of having messed up chefs' minds. Turning them into sprinters, wandering salespersons, lobbyists, pitilessly competitive self-publicists. They spend so much time outside their restaurants, that one might wonder if they have not already become virtual entities. Promotional holograms.
+»We have created a monster … already dead and rotten from the inside. We are guilty of having messed up chefs' minds. Turning them into … pitilessly competitive self-publicists.«
+Please, oh God please, try to reason them, showing them there still is a real life outside the game of the never-ending food congresses and showcases. Remember them, that if you have nothing relevant or truly inspirational to say and share with other people, you'd better skip the usual symposium. Ferran Adrià, who foresaw our dystopian world, warned everybody about this almost 20 years ago.
+Please help us to get rid of all the wannabes. Show us the light at the end of the tunnel and past the Dark Forces, the occult influencers, and PRs pulling the strings behind our backs.
+What advice would you give a restaurateur to make sure they keep their cooking and their concepts fresh?
+Never take anything for granted, be totally aware that time - and therefore power - are on your side. A restaurant should be a theatre of open operations where everything is possible, a playground of surprises to swim against the tide. Despite the safety net, that you might call your know-how. Be digressive, expansive, empirical on a daily basis! And, most importantly, never forget to lead a restaurant, that incessantly switches locations, from the patriarchal point of view of the patron, the chef, to a more collective one.
+»The tasting menu, the well-reasoned rationale of the à la carte is obsolete … Unless you just want to become a boring super chef cooking for bored and boring people.«
+Always try to formulate and find out in advance, outside the usual patterns, what kind of expectations and desires lay in the guests' minds. The tasting menu, the well-reasoned rationale of the à la carte is obsolete. Life's too short to make it too predictable. Unless you just want to become a boring super chef cooking for bored and boring people.
+What is the most easily overlooked detail that can make or break the perfect dining experience?
+The quality of the attention, the instant composing outside the usual partition. How long can you take a restaurant seriously, that repeats day after day the same gestures, the same approach, the same ready-made mechanics, and words, when it comes to dealing with the clients? A restaurant is not an assembly line, be conscious that the concept of alienation applies both to the staff and to the guests. The magic word is trying to be as personal as possible: personal in your work in the kitchen and in the way you approach the guests that - remember! - feed you. Most restaurants these days operate in a much more relaxed mood, and that's good for everybody.
+»A restaurant is not an assembly line … be as personal as possible: personal in your work in the kitchen and in the way you approach the guests that - remember! - feed you.«
+You are special, every guest is special: don't fall too easily into a ready-to-wear habit, think haute couture instead.
+Tell us about your most memorable meals in Denmark.
+The night that truly, madly, deeply changed my life, when I stepped for the first time inside Noma in May 2004? Or the last time (and of course any other time in between including the pop ups in Tokyo, Sydney and Tulum too) at Noma 2.0? The fastness, the sharpness, the almost conceptual forward thinking of my first time at Relæ entering what Puglisi's notes of intentions pre-described in those days as a possible Danish version of Inaki Aizpitarte's Chateaubriand (and in fact it was absolutely not)?
+Also: in the old days when Geranium was in the park (and looked like Stuart Little's house) and was trying to find its way between science, nature, and Laura Ashley? Or when Amass opened its doors already doing wonders on the tightrope between uber-technique and immediate freshness with no ransom or whatsoever authorial trick or treat?
+»How could I neglect that really unexpected and utterly mind-blowing first time at the 108 … That of course was way before Michelin, as heavy minded as an elephant in a jewelry micro-boutique shop, dropped a star and kind of screwed it up.«
+What about a spoonful of poetry at Paul Cunningham even before Henné Kirkeby Krog when he was at The Paul in Tivoli? How could I forget my last dinner at Nicolai Nørregaard's Kadeau, two months ago, on the island of Bornholm?
+How could I neglect that really unexpected and utterly mind-blowing first time, late August 2016, at the 108, still at the starting blocks but already and unprecedentedly pushing the idea of an haute couture neighborhood restaurant to the next level? That of course was way before Michelin, as heavy minded as an elephant in a jewelry micro-boutique shop, dropped a star and kind of screwed it up, implying that it was time to expel the à la carte and to reintroduce the predictability of the tasting menu. And therefore, comforting Kristian Baumann to upgrade his own 108 to another JUST AWFULLY GOOD fine dining restaurant. Between the two of us, Kristian is much better than that and deserves much better than that.
+Now that we're undergoing a shift toward new Nordic cuisine, which regional cuisine is prime for reinvention? Where will the next site for gastronomic innovation take place?
+Nobody knows. Is there somewhere a Virgin Island, a Neverland off the radars, where one could easily make things start anew? Is it possible to rhyme kinkiness and Kimchiness? Is Taipei ready to become the new China? Is Curitiba in Southern-East of Brazil, the new Swiss-like podium of national cuisine? How much longer before Chile takes the lead of the Latin liberation front? And what about Austria pushing forward, beyond the label of being the worldwide known new Slovenia, getting its trademark as the new crossroad that brings together, along with Berlin as a spin-off, all the simmering forces of an imaginary culinary "Mittel Europe"?
+Now that a younger demographic has turned eating out into a cultural activity, what changes do you expect to happen in the culinary world in 15 years, or in the next 50?
+Sooner or later, more later than sooner, everybody will accept that the usual blabla is not enough, that restaurants can be utopian islands on their own terms but need to get their hands dirty. Meaning: going into politics. You can save the world, fight against waste, promote local famers' food. But why, oh please, tell me why is still everybody cooking for filthy rich people? If Alain Ducasse was right when he said, 20 years ago, that in the future there will be less and less fine dining restaurants.
+If you had to choose a food to represent the taste of your childhood, which would it be and why?
+Bitterness, the one and only one element, Italian national treasure heralded by people like Paolo Lopriore, Pier Giorgio Parini, and Gianluca Gorini (go to his restaurant in San Piero in Bagno di Romagna) that could bring the people together and link Southern Europe (including Spain and Portugal) with the new Nordic Western Lands. Let's see what happens.
+For home chefs on a budget, what do you recommend for dinner party offerings without breaking the bank?
+Cook me chickpeas, cook me lentils - not caviar. Forage all your herbs, grow all your veggies, pick up your seaweed, ferment, pickle, cure, preserve, go freewheeling on everything you do.
+»Drop your tweezers and get your hands dirty in everything you do. It's really extra fun!«
+But do not let the vegan at heart, that you are, forget all the pleasures of the flesh and of the meat. Skip the pigeon, skip the quail - a.k.a. the new pigeon. Play the game-ish game. Pull out a rabbit of your damn hat - but make me a jackrabbit instead. It's much more royal than a hare. And please, please, go bareback, drop your tweezers and get your hands dirty in everything you do. It's really extra fun!
+Andrea Petrini has written the foreword of Nordic by Nature. Make sure to browse through gestalten's and Borderless Co.'s book and read the stories of Denmark's most creative chefs along with beautiful photographs and recipes of refined Northern dishes.
+The following students from Brescia University were named to the Fall 2019 Dean’s List for completing at least 12 credit hours with a 3.5-4.0 GPA.
+Kentucky
+Auburn: Devin Roche, Junior, Social Work;
+Avaton: Dylan Beckham, Junior, Business: Emphasis in Finance and Economics;
+Bardstown: John Clements, Sophomore, Psychology; Savannah Jackson, Sophomore, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Daniel Steele, Senior, Business: Emphasis in Finance and Economics;
+Beaver Dam: Nicholas McKenney, Junior, Business;
+Bowling Green: Jacob Bostick, Junior, Social Work; Tyler Cunningham, Senior, Biology; Patricia Hicks, Sophomore, Theology: Emphasis in Pastoral Studies; Brandon Stacker, Senior, Secondary Special Education; Makayla Steward, Junior, Secondary Social Studies; Reagan White, Sophomore, Elementary Education;
+Bremen: Jerriann Troutman, Senior, Social Work;
+Burkesville: Kendra McIntyre, Sophomore, Liberal Arts;
+Cadiz: Payton Hendricks, Freshman, Communication Sciences and Disorders;
+Calhoun: Kathryn Gray, Freshman, Engineering Studies;
+Central City: Alexis Drumheller, Junior, Psychology;
+Cerulean: Baylee Holder, Junior, Accounting;
+Clay: Fabian Torres, Senior, Biology;
+Cloverport: Teresa Edge, Senior, Social Work; Paytience Ferguson, Junior, Graphic Design;
+Corbin: Brianna Minton, Senior, Social Work;
+Dawson Springs: Kaylee Simpson, Sophomore, Elementary Special Education;
+Dixon: Kaylee Moore, Senior, Psychology;
+Eddyville: Courtney Klueppel, Senior, Biology;
+Elizabethtown: Ke’mya Jones, Junior, Social Work;
+Elkton: Jayde Robinson, Senior, Psychology;
+Fort Thomas: Ruthie Barth, Junior, Psychology;
+Greenville: Hannah Everett, Freshman, Psychology; Alexis Jessup, Junior, Social Work; Madison Simms, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders;
+Hanson: Madeline Knight, Freshman, Political Science;
+Hardinsburg: Natalie Bruner, Junior, Mathematics, Political Science; Alexander Flood, Junior, Biology, History; Gracie Rothrock, Senior, Accounting; Andrea Sheroan, Senior, Social Work; Matthew Tate, Junior, Theology; Tonya Tivitt, Senior, Computer Science; Wyatt West, Senior, Chemistry; Autumn Wilson, Junior, Medical Laboratory Science;
+Hardyville: Natalie Poynter, Sophomore, Psychology;
+Harrodsburg: Aubrey Jones, Sophomore, Communication Sciences and Disorders;
+Hartford: Winona Cleveland, Junior, Psychology; Taylor Love, Senior, Art;
+Hawesville: Brittany Brown, Freshman, Middle School Education; Leah Price, Senior, Social Work; Hannah Wheatley, Junior, Elementary Education;
+Henderson: William Brown, Junior, Social Work;
+Hopkinsville: Kyle Bleidt, Senior, Secondary Social Studies; Candice Wentling, Senior, Social Work;
+Horse Branch: Erika Alcoser, Senior, Elementary Education;
+LaGrange: Whitney Anderson, Senior, Social Work;
+Lebanon Junction: Kassi Gilbert, Senior, Secondary Biology, Chemistry;
+Leitchfield: Miranda Boaz, Senior, Secondary Social Studies; Zachary Johnson, Senior, Elementary Education; Hannah Saltsman, Sophomore, Social Work;
+Lewisburg: Shelby Hardison, Junior, Elementary Education;
+Lewisport: Tyler O’Bryan, Senior, Business: Emphasis in Finance and Economics;
+Lexington: Arydian Eko, Senior, Social Work;
+Louisville: Rebecca Chin, Sophomore, Elementary Education; Brienna Taylor, Junior, English: Emphasis in Professional Writing;
+Maceo: Eileen Brandon, Freshman, Biology; Teddy Hallam, Sophomore, Computer Science; Emily Storm, Sophomore, Business;
+Madisonville: Laura Jones, Freshman;
+Maple Mount: Lanh Hoang, Senior, Theology; Trang Le, Sophomore, English: Emphasis in Professional Writing; Hang Nguyen, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Management; Phuong Nguyen, Junior, Accounting; Thanh Nguyen, Junior, Theology: Emphasis in Pastoral Studies; Thoa Phan, Senior, English;
+Millwood: Jessica Robinson, Senior, Accounting;
+Morganfield: Steven Zehr, Senior, Business;
+Muldraugh: Erika Biddle, Junior, Psychology;
+Mundfordville: Mary Kate Dennis, Junior, Biology;
+Nortonville: Hannah Cartner, Junior, Accounting;
+Olmstead: Kailee Moore, Senior, Psychology;
+Owensboro: Emily Adcock, Sophomore, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Katelynn Arnold, Senior, Business: Emphasis in Human Resources Management; Ashanta Ashley, Sophomore, Social Work; Anna-Marie Atkinson, Senior, Social Work; Gabrielle Baker, Junior, Elementary Education; Jade Beal, Senior, Psychology; Caitlyn Bell, Freshman, Political Science; Blake Boswell, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Finance and Economics; Jamison Bowlds, Senior, Elementary Education; Sarandan Brooks-Green, Junior, Political Science; Haley Burr, Junior, Accounting; Avery Chappell, Sophomore, Business; Thomas Clark, Freshman, Accounting; Deanna Darnes, Senior, Social Work; Lydea Dickens, Freshman, Elementary Education; Matthew Eaggleston, Senior, Business: Emphasis in Human Resources Management; Miranda Filbert, Senior, Computer Science; Michael Foster, Freshman, Engineering Studies; Haylee Frizzell, Junior, Psychology; Daniel Fulkerson, Sophomore, Elementary Special Education; Hunter Gaddis, Senior, Computer Science; Elizabeth Gillim, Senior, Art Education P-12; Logan Hart, Senior, Political Science; Madison Hawkinson, Sophomore, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Margaret Hayden, Freshman, English: Emphasis in Professional Writing; Madelyn Hempen, Freshman, Biology; Jeanna James, Senior, History, Political Science; Claire Johnson, Freshman, Middle School Education; Larkin Johnson, Senior, Psychology; Natalie Jones, Senior, Psychology; Kelsey Kimmell, Senior, Elementary Education, Spanish; Brenden King, Freshman, Engineering Studies; Chandler Kinney, Junior, Social Work; Natalie Leibfreid, Junior, Psychology; Taylor Lucas, Junior, Biology; Kristopher Luck, Freshman, Engineering Studies; Peter Mattingly, Senior, Social Work; Emily Miller, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Darion Morrow, Senior, Psychology; Matthew Nuss, Sophomore, Graphic Design; Taryne O’Bryan, Freshman, Social Work; Lydia Onstott, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Seth Parker, Sophomore, Biology; Alex Payne, Freshman, Secondary English; Sarah Pfeil, Sophomore, Biology; Traci Renfrow, Senior, Graphic Design; Lucas Rigling, Freshman, Biology; Nicholas Russell, Junior, Accounting; Aubrie Schueler, Freshman, Secondary Social Studies; Hannah Sosh, Sophomore, Social Work; Hunter Sparks, Senior, History; Jonathan Speed, Senior, Accounting; Tina Stallings, Senior, Psychology; Emily Stanley, Freshman, Elementary Education; Jacob Stanley, Senior, Biology; Shawnda Stanley, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Crystal Stevens, Senior, Social Work; Mela Sullivan, Sophomore, Biology; Mary Sumlut, Senior, Biochemistry; Ian Taylor, Sophomore, Theology; Kimberly Taylor, Senior, Business; Madison Taylor, Senior, Elementary Education; Andrew Tennant, Sophomore, Computer Science; Hannah Trogden, Freshman, Psychology; Letina Warren, Junior, Accounting; Rachel Weaver, Freshman, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Courtney Weedman, Junior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Ivellana Whittaker, Sophomore, Psychology; Lauren Willett, Junior;
+Paducah: William Bell, Senior, Accounting;
+Park City: Megan Bartley, Senior, Psychology;
+Philpot: Whitney Embry, Junior, Biology; Michael Haynes, Sophomore, Biochemistry; Levi Manley, Junior, Political Science; Olivia Millay, Junior, Elementary Special Education; Amber Payne, Freshman, Elementary Special Education; Tyler Wathen, Junior, Accounting;
+Pikeville: Amber Anderson, Senior, Social Work;
+Reynolds Station: Sabrina Smith, Sophomore, Human Services;
+Raceland: Brandi Morris, Senior, Social Work;
+Richmond: Renee Hurst, Junior, Accounting;
+Robards: Kristin Logsdon, Senior, Accounting;
+Russellville: Dillon Porter, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Management;
+Sacramento: Justin Capps, Sophomore, Computer Sciences;
+Shelbyville: Kristen Wood, Sophomore, Biology;
+Slaughters: Cade Cunningham, Freshman, Biology; Noah Cunningham, Sophomore, Biology;
+Spottsville: Robert Mitchell, Senior, Accounting;
+Stanford: Jessica Phillips, Sophomore, Secondary Social Studies;
+Utica: Hannah Cockerell, Sophomore, Secondary English; Emily Cooper, Sophomore, Elementary Education; Zachary Greer, Sophomore, Psychology; Marissa Haight, Sophomore, Accounting; Kaylee Leonard, Junior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Jeremiah Oakes, Junior, Medical Laboratory Science; Christian Wiggins, Sophomore, Special Elementary Education;
+Vine Grove: Allie Robertson, Sophomore, Psychology;
+Walton: Kyle Taylor, Sophomore, Integrated Studies;
+Waverly: Brooklynn Meuth, Sophomore, Psychology;
+Whitesville: Savannah Aull, Sophomore, Accounting; Brittney Booker, Sophomore, Elementary Education; Isaac Calloway, Sophomore, Business; Kaitlyn Howard, Junior, Elementary Education; Morgan Porter, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders; Zechariah Roberts, Sophomore, Biology; Cameron Wright, Freshman, Business;
+Alabama
+Bessemer: Ashley Gibson, Senior, Social Work;
+New Market: Kelly Mattos, Senior, Social Work;
+Alaska
+Chugiak: April Beardslee, Senior, Social Work;
+Arkansas
+Mountain Home: Jeremy Goss, Junior, Psychology;
+California
+Canyon County: Tiffany Hill, Senior, Social Work;
+Hawthorne: Zedrixaviel Santos, Senior, Social Work;
+Susanville: Natasha Cote, Senior, Social Work;
+Tracy: Bianca Grygo, Sophomore, Social Work;
+Connecticut
+Glastonbury: Haley Mandeville, Senior, Social Work;
+Florida
+Zephyrhills: Tiffany Fisher, Junior, Social Work;
+Georgia
+Athens: Christain Gearin, Junior, Social Work; Lorel Lawrence, Senior, Psychology;
+Calhoun: Tiffany De Souza, Senior, Social Work;
+Cumming: Noelia Fredericks, Senior, Psychology;
+Sparks: Christina Espinoza, Junior, Social Work;
+Hawaii
+Aiea: Mark Liberato, Junior, Computer Science;
+Kailua: Autumn Negron, Senior, Social Work;
+Waipahu: Logan Bates, Sophomore, Accounting;
+Idaho
+Grangeville: Theresa Wemhoff, Sophomore;
+Illinois
+Grayslake: Angelita Clark, Senior, Social Work;
+Joppa: Hailey Kendall-Statam, Junior, Social Work;
+Mt. Carmel: Madeline Jones, Senior, Accounting;
+Park Forest: Lashayia Holman, Senior, Social Work;
+Springfield: Lydia Sommer, Senior, Social Work; Sierra Thompson, Sophomore, Psychology;
+Indiana
+Borden: Taylor Hannon, Freshman, Social Work;
+Cannelton: Taylor Lawalin, Senior, Social Work;
+Chandler: Kaitlin Baker, Junior, Financial Mathematics;
+Evansville: Mikayla Chinn, Senior, Computer Science;
+Fishers: Laurel Hotchkiss, Freshman, Psychology;
+Fort Branch: Shealyn Riggs, Sophomore, Accounting;
+Fort Wayne: Hannah Beitler, Freshman, Psychology;
+Grandview: Justice Taylor, Senior, Elementary Special Education;
+Greenwood: Holly Dewitt, Junior, Social Work;
+Haubstadt: Hannah Rumble, Junior, Elementary Education;
+Mt Vernon: Hallie Fisher, Sophomore, Psychology;
+Newburgh: Joseph Guidry, Sophomore, Business; Benjamin Newhouse, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Management;
+Oakland City: Jordan Blemker, Senior, Secondary Mathematics;
+Plainville: Shom Berry, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Finance and Economics;
+Santa Claus: Melissa Bell, Junior, Elementary Education; Destiny Myers, Junior, Elementary Special Education;
+Tell City: Lynnann Harding, Junior, Medical Laboratory Science;
+Tennyson: Mayli Englert, Junior, Business, Psychology;
+Terre Haute: Marianne Glaziner, Sophomore, Biology;
+Vincennes: Micheala Clevenger, Junior, Social Work; Rachel Frey, Senior, Elementary Education;
+Zionsville: Tyler Milby, Sophomore, Biology;
+Louisiana
+Baton Rouge: Dianna Lowrance, Junior, Social Work;
+Joyce: DeAnna Moller, Junior, Human Services;
+Lake Charles: Marquita Gauthier, Senior, Social Work;
+Maryland
+Baltimore: Tiatki McNutt, Junior, Social Work;
+Michigan
+Canton: Taylor Zahn, Sophomore, Social Work;
+Howell: Paula Waters, Junior, Social Work;
+Minnesota
+Cloquet: Andrea Linton, Junior, Social Work;
+Elk River: Brooke James, Junior, Social Work;
+Stewartville: Kimberly Johnson, Senior, Social Work;
+White Bear Lake: Noah McClain, Sophomore, Computer Science;
+Missouri
+Caruthersville: Maria Ibarra, Junior, Social Work;
+De Soto: Hunter Canada, Junior, Business;
+Warrensburg: Catherine Clowers, Junior, Social Work;
+Warrenton: Hattie Teal, Senior, Business;
+Waynesville: Debra Walker, Senior, Theology: Emphasis in Pastoral Studies;
+Montana
+Kalispell: Amanda Warren, Senior, Social Work;
+Nevada
+Sparks: Eilynn Gumm, Junior, Social Work;
+New Hampshire
+Goffstown: Candace Wilson, Senior, Social Work;
+New Jersey
+East Windsor: Carol Wolkiewicz, Junior, Social Work;
+New York
+Colden: Emily Laskowski, Sophomore, Social Work;
+Fort Drum: Megan Miller, Senior, Social Work;
+Staten Island: Heather Czirr, Junior, Social Work;
+Victor: Jennifer Tortora, Junior, Social Work;
+Washingtonville: Yessica Amadis, Junior, Social Work;
+North Carolina
+Kannapolis: Jennifer Burroff-Smith, Junior, Social Work;
+Wilmington: Alyssa Devericks, Senior, Social Work;
+North Dakota
+Grand Forks: Stephanie Hoffman, Junior, Bachelor of Social Work;
+Ohio
+Arlington: Brooke Tichenor, Junior, Psychology;
+Ashland: Tori Emery, Sophomore, Human Services;
+Bethel: Brooklyn Stiles, Sophomore, Biology;
+Fort Recovery: Shannon Garman, Sophomore, Human Services;
+Milford: Ashli Sheldon, Junior, Business;
+Oxford: Mazvita Ngorosha, Sophomore, Computer Science;
+Norwalk: Elizabeth Ratliff, Freshman, History, Pre-Law Studies;
+Polk: Taylor Krause, Sophomore, Human Services;
+Sardinia: Madison Hopkins, Senior, Communication Sciences and Disorders;
+Wilmington: Cynthia Fitch, Junior, Social Work;
+Oklahoma
+Ponca City: Kayla Parker, Freshman, Human Services;
+Oregon
+Portland: Stacy Akey, Junior, Social Work;
+Pennsylvania
+Nanticoke: William Kanjorski, Freshman, Biochemistry;
+Philadelphia: Ashley Angel, Sophomore, Social Work; Raymond Nichols, Freshman, Social Work;
+South Carolina
+Sumter: Rebekah Taves, Senior, Social Work;
+South Dakota
+Rapid City: Mackenzie Parker, Sophomore, Human Services;
+Tennessee
+Bybee: Alicia Penton, Junior, Social Work;
+Chattanooga: Edward Chubb, Junior, Social Work;
+Clarksville: Madison Beaudoin, Freshman, Business: Emphasis in Human Resources Management; Essence Mann, Junior, English: Emphasis in Professional Writing;
+Fayetteville: Sarah Cox, Senior, English with an Emphasis in Professional Writing;
+Huntsville: Nila Morgan, Senior, Social Work;
+Orlinda: Sierra Tomblin, Senior, Psychology;
+Texas
+El Paso: Kayla Draughn, Senior, Social Work;
+Elm Mott: Haley Hartman, Junior, Social Work;
+Garland: Princess Holloway, Senior, Social Work;
+San Antonio: Dolly Lopez, Senior, Social Work; Heidi Woodsford, Senior, Social Work;
+Stephenville: Rhonda Perkins, Senior, Social Work;
+Virginia
+Petersburg: Delicia Pitt, Junior, Social Work;
+Urbanna: Deborah Williams, Senior, Social Work;
+Woodbridge: Iris Benitez, Senior, Social Work;
+Washington
+Lake Stevens: Alana Davis, Senior, Social Work;
+Wisconsin
+Brookfield: Andres Peralta-Werns, Sophomore, Integrated Studies;
+Milwaukee: Kimberly Anderson, Senior, Social Work;
+New Richmond: Rebecca Schoene, Sophomore, Business;
+Bahamas
+Hannah-Joy Simms, Sophomore, Psychology, Accounting;
+Belarus
+Danila Pyzh, Sophomore, Accounting;
+Brazil
+Joao Paulo De Carvalho, Freshman, Computer Science;
+Pedro Henrique Mota, Sophomore, Engineering Studies;
+Canada
+Ethan Boutkan, Freshman, Business;
+Colombia
+Daniel Paez Hernandez, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Management;
+Ecuador
+Fernando Diaz, Senior, Business: Emphasis in Management;
+Germany
+Michael Egolf, Senior, Social Work;
+Serbia
+Aleksa Stefanovic, Freshman, Computer Science;
+Eleni Stravolemos, Sophomore, Business: Emphasis in Management;
+Spain
+Ruben Burgos, Sophomore, Biochemistry;
+United Kingdom
+Erin McGuire, Sophomore, Business;
+What’s it?
+Softer Six: Considering they have been coined (on occasion) as the least likable duo in canon it is lovely to see them portrayed here fighting to keep the space whale alive, it’s a fantastic cause to fight and gives them a very amiable edge. You can sense his frustration as he admits the TARDIS helpless against a factory ship. The jury is still out on whether he is crazy or not. A Time Lord’s TARDIS is his castle and he is not just any Doctor but the Doctor. Its great how he can think up an alias on the spot and an inspector for the Wildlife Interstellar Life Federation (or WILF for short) he carries some clout! A typical Star Guardian reading eco-freak! Whale hugger! He takes the role to comical extremes to cause a distraction – ‘Be careful that fly could get sucked into an air vent!’ He insidiously inserts an eco friendly virus into the bloodthirsty computers personality. Constantly regenerating, can’t he pick one he likes and stick to it and besides his fashion sense is much worse in this incarnation (ooh harsh Peri!). In a moment where you realise just how much this Doctor cares he realises that they were the whales enemy all along and responsible for it not being able to dive and escape the whalers. He is appalled and doubles his efforts to save the magnificent beast. The TARDIS wanted to see the universe as much as the Doctor do and you would be hard pressed to make her do anything she doesn’t want to do. Is he chivalrous or sexist? Judging by his behaviour here definitely the former. The Doctor met Jonah once and he was a very nice fellow! I really enjoyed his Mexican standoff over the scanner with the Captain of the whaling ship (‘Lets see if your bleeding hearts are really willing to bleed?’). The framily seem to have him pegged instantly by asking him to turn the conversation down a notch, turn down the volume and change the record! With the right packaging and presentation he might even pass company quality control standards – as food! He annoys the Captain to such an extent that he goes after the Doctor with a harpoon gun (a thousand mini harpoons with explosive tips!). From peace neck to paranoid, his personality does get around. Peri makes some funny digs at his ample waistline ‘ ‘What about you? It’ll be even tighter!’ ‘Thank you Peri!’ Hahaha!
+Busty Babe: Her botany is accentuated quite a bit during her television tenure so she is the perfect companion to remind the Doctor of his responsibilities to the space whale, what with her concern for protecting the environment (The Mark of the Rani). The whale is the most beautiful creature she has ever seen and begs for the Doctor to help when the factory ship goes in for the kill. She always worries when the Doctor tells her not worry! Peri’s spaced out delirium is genuinely rib tickling (‘Will you still be my friend, Doctor, even though I’m growing into a mushroom? I can still grow on you! I’m growing my own eco system! I’m not delirious…I’m an American!’). It’s very sweet that she tries to take the blame for disabling the whale but the Doctor refuses to let her take on that responsibility. The Doctor had no idea she was a head banger! You can tell that the Doctor’s ship has really becoming her home when she says ‘TARDIS…sweet TARDIS!’ Peri has a family she wants to get back to eventually; she is a city girl and the village life aint for her! Is she prepared to die for her beliefs? Her courage is only matched by her stupidity. Go listen to how she says ‘I’m Peri and this is the Doctor!’ as though she is so proud of the association – they are a hell of team by this point in the season. ‘MIND THE GAP!’ she says as they evacuate the whale, bless her, there’s a good job for her if she ever returns to Earth!
+Sparkling Dialogue: ‘The blood and rust gives a fabulous Jackson Pollock effect!’
+‘I feel like I’ve been violated by flowers and sugar!’
+‘Your company should adopt a greater cause. Save the spud or something…’
+‘Parasites, protein, people…not much different on a molecular level.’
+‘He’s gone Ahab!’
+‘Your office will get smaller and smaller until one day they move your desk into the lift!’
+‘This is what happens…’ ‘…When you don’t have Framily values, yeah, yeah…’
+‘Here be space whales!’
+Great Ideas: Whilst this story has quite a simplistic storyline in that it goes for its one theme with real gusto and not diverting into many subplots it manages to explore that theme with some real imagination. Read on… Dark matter is another way of describing the unknown. Galeen’s are space whales with solar scales that draw energy from the suns that they pass in their migration. They communicate over vast distances with their song and sustain themselves with an internal, self-sustaining eco system – pretty much a micro planet, almost a mile long. They are the only animals to exist in the dept
+hs of space. The factory ships let of fake distress calls to lure the whales to them. They can dive beneath the event horizon of time. The Doctor sticks the TARDIS inside the tractor beam to free the whale and they get drawn into the ship themselves. Sawing Peri’s arm is considered a viable option for her fungoid infection! The Doctor introduces a pacifist virus into the ships systems. The Toothons are callers of the whales and the Captain orders the pipes to be filled with scalding steam to draw this one out of hiding. This particular Galeen is a pilot and without it the thousand strong whales in this sector don’t have a chance. The TARDIS has been interfering with the whale’s signals, impeding its ability to dive. The Captain plots to torpedo the whale and deploy the tractor beam to bring the remains inside including the frozen oils and blood – that’s horrible. Galeen’s have been known to provide safe environments for survivors of space wrecks. Neural torpedoes are fired at the TARDIS and as they hit the temporal buffers kick in with a soothing programmed to ease any post TARDIS explosion distress disorder (or as Peri puts it ‘supermarket muzak’) – all you will remember is a slight impact. The Galeen evolved time technology on their own, the time core like a pearl inside an oyster. Toothons called the Galeen’s to their world and ate them. The Framily are a community living inside the whale in a shantytown made of debris of spaceships. Peace or death, if you wont join the Framily you will have to be purged for your disbelief just as the Sontarans were. The Captain genuinely doesn’t care that the humanoids living inside Megaptera will end up in the whale products – if the public knew what went into the blubber buggers there would be a rash of vegetarianism overnight! He considers it an unexpected protein bonus! The Doctor and friends are attacked by giant bacteria, as the whale believes it is being invaded by germs, not people. He leads the Framily onto Megaptera’s back in a sci-fi eco protest. The Captain wanted to steal the time core that would attract the whales to take profits away from the corporation that has treated him so badly. An antidote to paranoia = a convincing explanation!
+Audio Landscape: There are plenty of computer bleeps, squeaks and alarms to give the whaling ship a fully functioning feel. The song of the space whale is beautiful and its cries for help piteous. You’ve got a grabber, lasers, a submarine sonar that accelerates when the whale is nearby, a cheeky computer voice, scrabbling claws, spitting bullets, the spray can, the screaming burning Toothon in the steamed out pipe, a chainsaw, sonic lance attack, climbing through the slimy air holes, explosions and the glorious sound of the whales singing together.
+Musical Cues: Plenty of exciting synth music in this story that once again mimics the feel of the mid eighties scores. I really liked the TARDIS lyre and flute during its soothing programme!
+Isn’t that Odd: I’m not sure what all this hyperstitious nonsense is all about but it seems to come from no where and go no where. The computer voice really grates after a while.
+Standout Scene: Several moments stood out as being especially potent. Firstly I loved the scene when the Doctor and Peri realised that by helping the whale they had caused its plight, you really got a sense of their hearts breaking as they come to terms with their foolishness. The cliffhanger to episode two was another awesome moment, when you realise the Doctor is going to take the TARDIS inside the whale. Save the best for last though, the joy of the space whales reunited with their pilot and singing their song is a heavenly way to end a story.
+Result: Not quite as strong as the last two but a fine story nevertheless, The Song of Megaptera plants the Doctor and Peri in a desperate situation from the first scene and explores the nature of the Galeen and their industry with considerable panache. There are some amusing characters to keep the story ticking over and an awesome shift in location inside the whale halfway through the story. The Galeen are one of the most imaginative races we have encountered yet and it is wonderful that we got to see them televised last year. Coming after the subtle and terrifying Point of Entry this is a complete change of pace, lacking the atmosphere but far more exciting and considering the gestation period this story has had it is astonishing that the end result is this entertaining and thought provoking. It’s a story that sees the Doctor and Peri at their best and proves they are made for each other, and the show: 8/10
+Buy it from Big Finish here:
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+Aaron,
+Though I generally agree with your hypothesis, I think that there is something you ought to make more clear. Namely, that religion is not a necessary condition for infanticide.
+I agree completely, however I think that non-religious infanticides happen much more rarely than religiously motivated ones.).
+Again, I agree completely. But how many non-religious, contemporary examples can we find, especially compared to the examples I have already posted on that do involve religious motivation? The only argument I made was that religion serves as a catalyst for infanticide, and non-religious examples will be much more rare, and accordingly, harder to find.
+Varkam then provides a non-religious example of infanticide, but upon closer inspection, it is actually an argument for my side:.
+Brooke Shields admitted that she, like many thousands of women, experienced infanticidal and suicidal feelings due to post-partum depression. And like many thousands of women, her feelings were not religiously motivated. But also, like many thousands of women, Brooke Shields never killed her kid! Brooke Shields did not have sufficient legitimization for her feelings, and instead she recognized the disease for what it was. She talks about it, rather than acts on it. This is no example of non-religious infanticide at all. Brooke Shields has not met the requirements for membership in The Offspring Murder Club.
+But what if Brooke Shields did have intense religious feelings during that time? Would she have done the same thing as Offspring Murder Club member Andrea Yates, who was suffering from 1) severe postpartum depression, and 2) severe afterlife-belief?.
+Again, I agree with Varkam, although it would be nice to have some actual examples of this disorder to look at.
+Suffice it to say I think that you are on the right track when it comes to religion. It is true that not all religious people commit these acts, but the word catalyst fits very nicely.
+Cheers.
+Well, Varkam and I agree about 95% of the time. I appreciate his input. But as far as Brooke Shields goes (and all other post-partum depression sufferers who don't kill their babies), they belong in my evidence bin.
+The afterlife can be hazardous to your children's health.
+13 comments:
+Is the 'afterlife' like the 'afterbirth'?
+Aaron,
+I think that, in all actuality, you and I agree 100% of the time. I agree totally that religion or religious beliefs, often times, is a major contributing factor in many cases of infanticide. All that I was proposing is that there is more than one road to Rome, so to speak.
+After doing some research, there is (apparently) a more debilitating form of postpartum that takes the form of postpartum psychosis. From the statistics I saw, apparently 4% of people suffering from PPD eventually commit infanticide. I cannot comment on the veracity of that statistic as I am unfamiliar with the original source. However I feel I would be safe in assuming that someone, somewhere, has killed their child without the assistance of religion. Indeed, the Inuits practice infanticide all the time. The Chinese used to practice it a good deal more frequently than they do now (i.e. killing female children). I take it, however, that instances such as these are simply red herrings in this conversation.
+As for Factitous Disorder-by proxy, I can think of one case I read about some time ago. The short end of the story was that a woman kept having children that died under mysterious circumstances. When it came out that she was the culprit, I think the bodycount had reached some obscenely high number to the order of 8 or 9. I wish I could remember more, but I will dig through my old psychology books to see if I can't find a more illuminating example.
+I think it was Bill Maher who said that religion is a "gateway psychosis". I think in cases like Andrea Yates and Lashuan Harris, this becomes particularly applicable. It may also very well be the case that cases such as these happen much more often than cases where there is no religious motivation (or perhaps it is just that we hear about these cases more often, as they seem much more sensational than just the "pedestrian" nature of straight-up mental illness).
+Whichever the case, I do agree with your argument. However I think that we should keep in mind that there is more than one way to skin a cat. Or with respect to this discussion, a kid.
+Forgive the dark humor.
+Cheers.
+This is a bit of a tangent from the main dicussion but
+From a non-religious perspective, Jared Diamond, in his Book Collapse details a number of Island cultures that regularly committed infanticide in order to control population growth and keep from destroying their habitat. Sounds harsh. It is harsh, but it was that or starve everyone to death.
+Also another way these cultures controlled populationa: many "available males" would go on "missions" (more like suicide missions) in small boats to find new lands.
+And the culture developed natural birth control methods....
+Thanks for the additional comments Varkam. That example you gave of the woman who had 8 or 9 children die under "mysterious circumstances" (her PPD) is chilling.
+Yes, there are many roads to Rome. You seem to know alot about these kinds of disorders and illnesses, at least more than I do. And I appreciate your input.
+You know, I watch Bill Mahers show in HBO whenever I get a chance, and I wish I saw the episode you referenced. Religion is definitely a gateway psychosis.
+Freaking scary!
+A Rational Being,
+Those examples from the island culture are freaky too. But at least those killings were done out of utility and not out of craziness. I can imagine that on a small island with limited resources and lots of horny people, some kind of killing/population control would simply be necessary to prevent overpopulation and starvation. It would be an unfortunate situation to be sure. I mean, sending people on suicide missions hunting for new islands is obfviously a sign that the people needed more land and resources isnt it?
+Aaron,
+When Bill Maher referred to religion as a gateway psychosis, I believe he was being interviewed on Larry King Live. What's more, a woman from Texas called in to the show and retold the story about how she had "talked with God". She then asked Bill what he would do if God spoke with him. Without missing a beat, Bill said "I would check myself into Bellevue, which is exactly what you should do".
+I laughed for a good five minutes.
+And about mental disorders...I just know enough to know I don't know very much at all, if that makes any sense.
+In any event, I've had your blog on my RSS feeds for some time now. Always enjoy your posts.
+Cheers.
+Bill said "I would check myself into Bellevue, which is exactly what you should do".
+Fucking brilliant. I love that guy!
+I'm glad to see you are a long time reader of my blog. Arent RSS feeds the bomb?
+Thanx again for your input and feel free to comment whenever you like!
+I know what you mean when you said: I just know enough to know I don't know very much at all, if that makes any sense.
+I have a very good friend who is about to obtain her masters in Psychology. Its a hell of a field and there is so much to know, and like you, she says that the more she learns the more aware she is that she knows almost nothing. Strangely enough, her knowledge of the topic impresses me very much. Makes me feel like I dont even KNOW what I dont know! (aka dumbass)
+The DSM is no joke!
+I once saw a comedy stand up routine where a guy used the DSM ot psychoanalyze God and ended up attributing quite a few disorders onto God, like narcisism (spelling?) and some other obsessions and complexes. It was a very amusing piece.
+Honestly, I think you're making the classic mistake of having a hypothesis and then looking for information to support it. If you want non-religious reasons women have killed their babies and children, there are plenty of examples out there. Try looking up: Paula Sims, Margaret Garner, Darlie Routier, Diane Downs, or Kathleen Folbigg. And those are just the ones it's easy to lookup online.
+In your earlier post, you said, "What else ever inspires a woman to kill her children besides religious reasons, regardless of the woman's mental problems?"
+Nonsense. The biological experience of conceiving and delivering a child doesn't automatically turn a woman into a nurturing, loving paragon of motherhood. Being 100% responsible for a screaming, helpless, filthy infant, who never sleeps, is an incredibly difficult task. Even the most unselfish, mature and devoted mothers have times when they want to just shut the brat up, any way they can. Show me a woman who's never been angry with her child, one who claims she's never fantasized about going back to a life without children, and I'll show you a liar. I love my children, but being their mother is the hardest thing I've ever done, the hardest thing I can imagine doing.
+Most parents, though, don't kill their children (and, no, infanticide and filicide aren't restricted to mothers - fathers do it too.) We don't because we know it's wrong. In the end, what holds you back at the darkest moments are your ethics, your moral code, your conviction - however arrived at - that it would be wrong. That there has to be a better solution. That it isn't worth it.
+But some parents don't seem to have that. Some people's barriers against murder seem to be so thin as to be practically nonexistent. Mental illness might have brought them to that state, but too often it seems to come down to a simple cost benefit analysis for them. Kill the children, and my life will be better and easier.
+What reasons beyond religion do women have to kill their children? The same reasons men have to kill their children, the same reasons any person might have to kill another. Sex, money, attention, anger, jealousy - anything that the murderer wants, that they think can only be achieved through the death of a particular person.
+Sorry - forgot to sign that.
+Jennifer (like that helps, but hey, can I help it if my parents had no imagination in choosing a name?)
+Jennifer,
+I think you are correct, as well, in your argument. I think the reasons that people have for taking the lives of their children are many and varied, and certainly not limited to mental-illness (though I have a hard time believing that anyone who would do such a thing is a little unhinged to begin with, though I suppose it is possible) or exreme religious tendencies.
+However, you can't deny that such cases where theology is a foundational basis or-in Aaron's words-a catalyst for the murder of one's children. They plainly exist. What's more, these are the cases that typically pervade the news media and capture our collective attention. To say, however, that these cases occur more often than other cases (if only based upon that observation) is misguided.
+I, for one, do not know which case happens more frequently. Perhaps mothers who hear the voice of God command them to kill their children (ala the story of Abraham) are epidemic in our society. Perhaps they are (thankfully) rare. I do not know of any statistical analysis that has been performed on such a question.
+For my money, however, what is not troubling is not whether or not it happens more frequently: it is that it happens at all. Various mental health scientists and clinicians are hard at work examining this issue from a psychopathology standpoint. Why is religion insulated from the discussion? If religion can be a cause for such malevolent acts, then why aren't we critically re-examining it's role in our society, insofar as it applies to this discussion? That is the question that interests me.
+Cheers.
+I don't think religion is insulated from the discussion, but I do think the role of religion is not as simply causative as it might appear. There is a common error in thinking, seen everywhere in our society, in which we assume that when two things are found together, one must be a cause of the other.
+For instance, we have been urged for years to have a low fat diet because of a study down in the early part of the 20th century which found a correlation between low fat diets and a low incidence of cancer. What was not taken into account in that initial study, was that the countries which had low fat intake also tended to have high fiber intake. We know now that it is the high fiber intake that has the greater impact on cancer avoidance. Fat is not automatically bad, in fact some fats (such as from fish) are very good for us.
+If a woman kills her child and then says, "God told me to do it," we have a correlation. We cannot automatically assume that her religious convictions are to blame, especially in light of the fact that there are so many more religious people that do not kill their children. It is very likely, therefore, that there is a third factor involved.
+People like to think well of themselves. When we act in ways that contradict what we believe (when we're "bad,") we have a need to justify our behavior to ourselves. What is the ultimate level of justification if you are religious? To say that God told you to do it. Did you believe this before or after the crime? Who knows? Even the murderer might not know after awhile. Memory is a chancy thing, and it is all too easy to instill false memories in ourselves, especially under great emotional strain, such as guilt over committing murder.
+Even for those killers who clearly stated before the fact that, "God told me to do it," it can be questioned if they, in their desire to commit an act they knew was wrong according to their belief system, subconsciously seized on the excuse of God's imprimatur to justify their own wishes.
+Teasing out the role of religion in these cases is far more complex than it would originally appear. It's so easy in our horror and outrage to reach out for the simple answers, and if we already have a strong opinion we can be predisposed to interpret what we observe in the light of that opinion. But, that can be dangerous, because an erroneous conclusion will lead to erroneous solutions, which aren't solutions at all. And that would be the ultimate tragedy.
+Jennifer
+Jennifer,
+Your points are well taken. I agree that it's a difficult problem to tease apart. It could very well be that religion is just along for the ride, so to speak. However, it could just as easily be that religion is either a primary cause or a catalyst to such events. The fact that there are cases where people who kill their children who are ostensibly religious but do to claim God told them to kill their children (relative to the cases where God does enter into the equation) tells me that religion, at best, is more than just along for the ride.
+Anything beyond that, however, is pure speculation. Is it a primary cause? I don't think so - or else we'd be seeing a lot more of otherwise normal individuals offing their kids in the name of God. Is it a catalyst, as Aaron said? I think in certain circumstances, this is the most probable explanation. More specifically, I think it is the interaction between belief and psychopathology that can lead to the acceptance of these actions by the individual as ordained by God. I only say that because of the apparent occurence of these cases.
+But I do think that religion has been insulated from the discussion - not only regarding these matters, but others as well. It seems that, when critically discussing any area of life, religion is typically regarded as "off-limits"; that any one individuals beliefs are just as valid as any other, and therefore one has no grounds from which to evaluate them.
+I am not suggesting, however, that religion be abolished based soley on these cases. The truth is that I simply don't know what role religion has to play in these cases. I think Aaron's estimation is fairly accurate, but I don't know whether or not that is the case.
+The only thing that I am pushing for is more open and honest discussion regarding these matters insofar as they pertain to religion.
+Cheers.
+Jennifer,
+Honestly, I think you're making the classic mistake of having a hypothesis and then looking for information to support it.
+Incorrect! I got this information from -among other places- the University of Conneticut Health Center, which I linked to in my previous post.
+In fact, I never even thought of posting about this topic of religiously-motivated infanticide until I came across multiple websites that reported on various studies regarding the issue. Only after did I find information from professional experts that already concluded that religion was a catalyst for murderous behaviour, did I make that claim.
+Sorry to break it to you, but I am not in any way going out on a limb on this one. The professional mental health experts are in fact my source and my inspiration for this writing series of mine.
+Paula Sims, Margaret Garner, Darlie Routier, ??Diane Downs, or Kathleen Folbigg. And those are just the ones it's easy to lookup online.
+Oh please!
+Margaret Garner was an escaped slave who killed her child on the run to save it from being captured from the white slavers. Her case is totally irrelevant to this issue.
+Paula Sims suffered from postpartum depression, but she didnt need a catalyst. Good for her. Would religion have kept her children alive? No. How many preachers would love to claim that all Paula needed was more prayer or more scripture reading?
+Darlie Routier's guilt is far from certain. Did you hear about the recent evidence that is getting her a new trial? Photographs of bruises on her arms and police servaillance videos of the family grieving that were never shown to the jury, 33000 errors in the court transcript, jurors saying that they were pressured into casting guilty votes, and Barbara Davis, the author who once thought Darlie was guilty, now says she changed her mind and believes she was innocent.
+Of your 5 names cited, only 3 are really relevant. And you picked some names from over 100 years ago! The names Ive listed of religious infanticides are all from the last 5 or 10 years, and none of my citings have any question over guilt; none are based on circumstantial evidence, as some of your cases are.
+A catalyst is not always necessary. Ive already admitted it. Youre acting as if I am saying that ONLY religion gets a mother to kill her child, but thats not what Im saying at all.
+Im saying that religion is a big bad catalyst. Religion, like rollercoasters and alcohol, is not good for expectant mothers. Religion is not good for women who have signjs of postpartum depression. Religion is not good for anyone with a mental illness. Religion makes it easier for women to kill their babies.
+Aaron, I posted my comments about the assurance of salvation under the comments section of your post titles "Christians Don't Know What Reality They Exist in." Sorry it took so long. I had more come up last weekend than I was expecting.
+Paul C. Quillman
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+Virtual lives
+The rise of the Internet has seen the driver’s communication and entertainment tools – cell phones to keep in touch with family members, laptops and PDAs for finding loads, an ever-expanding range of entertainment options – coming out of the truckstops and into the cab. With them has come both the sweetness and drama of family life and truckers’ further engagement with the world beyond the next exit.
+In many respects, the increasing connectivity of truck drivers has mirrored that of the average citizen.
+The public’s use of communication technologies has been driven by the rise of business applications. “He who has access has opportunity,” says Patrick Wise, Landstar’s vice president of advanced technology, about the company’s load-board applications. For drivers and owner-operators, the increasing ease of navigating public online (Getloaded.com, the Internet Truckstop, TransCore and others) as well as proprietary load boards and communicating with shippers and carriers has facilitated new ways of managing family and making friends. Other personal uses have followed, extending from the development of tools by the communication technologies industry – and a lot of creative thinking on the part of drivers.
+According to the 2007 Truckers News reader survey, almost 70 percent of drivers use the Internet on some level, nearly 30 percent of users logging on in the truck itself, whether with a laptop, desktop or other device. Truck.Net President and CEO Craig Zweiner sees “ubiquitous connectivity,” he says. “You know that’s happening when a guy’s riding down the road with an air card in his laptop and he’s also got a Wi-Fi account with Flying J, the Petro or TA.”
+It may have been driven by business, but in the end the communications revolution is as much about lifestyle. Following are portraits of just a few of your virtual lives.
+High-Definition Veteran – Tim Begle
+“Some of the most technologically advanced people in this country are truck drivers,” says Indiana Roadrunner, as the Hoosier State-based Automated Transportation driver Tim Begle is known online. “It’s the nature of the job. Everybody’s got cell phones, for instance, and you’re going to do what you have to do to make it work better for you. Same thing with whatever technology you’re using. Same thing with the truck.”
+The 28-year veteran driver has a Wilson Electronics cellular amplifier, which boosts the range of his phone, installed in the truck and a Verizon air card for cellular broadband in his laptop. He can access the Internet pretty much anywhere he goes.
+“The Internet to me is relaxing,” he says. “I prop my feet up and sit back with my coffee. I look at the posting boards and see who’s fighting, who’s saying what. I think it’s great.”
+Begle’s also got “satellite radio, an iPod in its docking station, 12-disc CD player, my subwoofer and boosters,” he says. Begle seems living proof of his own point about drivers’ technological savvy, but Begle’s not a “normal company driver,” he admits.
+He’s currently installing an exterior camera system to cover the area around the truck for increased safety and security and accident-liability prevention. “I’ve already got the monitor on my dash,” he says, “and I’ll use the right-side camera to cover my blind spot.”
+A couple years ago when Begle was with Styline Transportation, also based in Indiana, he tested a similar, more costly system for Houston-based Safety Vision, which supplies primarily the municipal truck and bus markets. Had he bought the system, he says, it would have paid for itself by averting the disaster of litigation – during the test, he got into what he calls a “zero-damage accident.” But the driver of the four-wheeler it involved was acting strange, says Begle, so he called the cops. “Everything’s being recorded. She starts claiming that she’s hurt and later tells attorneys that evidence for that is she couldn’t carry her kid.”
+But video evidence showed her doing just that, so Begle told her attorneys he had video of the whole thing. “I didn’t even have to show it to them,” he says. “They refused to represent her.”
+He estimates his new system will cost about $1,500 altogether. “It’s an expense that most people might think is crazy,” he says, “but it’s very cheap insurance. And you’d be amazed by how much you yourself can’t see.
+“I was talking with somebody about accident reconstruction, an expert, and he said some of the worst witnesses were people on the scene.”
+Begle’s Western Star is also outfitted with a high-security alarm system and a more recent addition, a 15-inch high-definition digital television, anticipating the 2009 broadcast-frequency switch to digital signals mandated for television stations by the Federal Communications Commissions. “Everyone’s going to go digital, if not high-definition,” Begle says, but what he most likes about the HD set is the ultra-crisp image and especially the enhanced sound quality. “When I get time, I watch movies,” he says.
+He’ll also be able to run a feed from his security cameras through the TV monitor in the sleeper on its way to his dash-mounted monitor, he says. “If I hear something at night I’ll be able to turn on the TV and see what’s going on out there with the night-vision feature.”
+SheDriver – Donna Bowen
+Before CFI driver Donna Bowen signed on to haul for the Joplin, Mo.-based carrier, she “went to TheTruckersReport.com to read about them,” she says. “CFI was one of the top five highest-rated companies there.”
+While researching the company she clicked on an errant link and found herself being asked to start a new account. “I thought, I already have a Trucker’s Report account,” she says, but she quickly realized she had been redirected to Trucker Spaces (), billed as “MySpace for Truckers.” It’s set up similarly to the Rupert Murdoch-owned networking site, allowing individuals to develop networks of friends, chat in private chat rooms and post to topical forums. “It’s a wonderful community,” she says, “no cursing allowed in the chat rooms or anywhere else, unlike MySpace. I’m on MySpace – and I use it because my family uses it and I can keep in touch – but it gets pretty vulgar.”
+TheTruckersReport.com launched Trucker Spaces in October of 2006 but sold it earlier this year to active member and driver Trish Kelly. Based in Prattville, Ala., Kelly has 20-plus years of OTR experience as an owner-operator and company driver, and today hauls locally for Birmingham-based Southern Cal Transport, delivering mostly to the Prattville Hyundai plant. She spends most of the rest of her time administering Trucker Spaces.
+“A lot of my people are truckers’ wives and children,” she says. “This gives mom or dad a place to upload pictures, or they can go in the chat room and talk. They can all talk on the cell phone – we all know that – but in the chat room, there’s something about seeing what your significant other is typing as they’re typing it. It gives you a sense of closeness that you can’t get on the phone.”
+Kelly says this is just one of the reasons truckers have begun migrating from other networking sites to hers, another being the close-knit nature of the group there. “I personally get very intimately involved in these people’s lives,” she says. And it’s not money that drives her to continue improving the features there. Rather it’s a personal passion to provide a refuge from the financial strain of the road. “A truck driver has to pay for everything everywhere he goes,” she says. “God’s taken care of me my whole life, and trucking took care of me. I’m now giving back.”
+In July, the site had close to 600 members, “growing fast,” Bowen says, after a database corruption wiped out its entire membership when Kelly bought the site earlier this year. Several similar sites have sprung up in the past year or two, including one launched by ATBS Business & Beyond host Kevin Rutherford,.
+Bowen, handle SheDriver, is on the staff of Trucker Spaces. Meanwhile, she shares news and pictures from the road on her pages, accessing them daily from the laptop in her sleeper cab and a Cingular air card. The West Texas native currently has a home base in Tuscaloosa, Ala., just across town from the Truckers News offices. “Small world,” she says. “Or small Web, right?
+“I found another use for the Internet last night. I went on Google maps, pulled up the address I was going to, put it in satellite view, zoomed in and could see if there was room to park overnight and whether there was a gate. Very helpful.” Google Earth, available as a free download, integrates the mapping/driving direction function of Google Maps fully with the satellite view and more. Visit.
+The Evolution of Ramona Nelms
+Daybreak Express driver and Colquitt, Ga., native Ramona Nelms first got behind the wheel in 1996, the same year the driver and industry portal Truck.Net got its big boost in traffic under the wings of publicity driven by “three people,” says President and CEO Craig Zweiner: Truckin’ Bozo on the radio, Overdrive magazine’s then-managing editor Deborah Lockridge and television personality Lowboy Lucas.
+“We showed up at the Louisville [Mid-America] Trucking Show in 1996 without a booth,” Zweiner says. “Basically, the Bozo had 30 feet and offered us 10.”
+But it wasn’t just a producer-to-audience relationship Truck.Net was seeking of its eventual driver collaborators.
+Driver Nelms was a relative newbie at that point. “I got my CDL in October of 1996,” she says, “first running solo, then team and finally back to solo.” She found Truck.Net in 1999 while off the road for a time recuperating from injuries sustained during an accident. “I didn’t immediately begin posting, trying to get the feel of the place – pretty much ‘lurking’ for a year,” she says.
+Nelms uses the word “family” often when talking about the people she’s met on Truck.Net since her first post to the message boards in July of 2000 – in a thread about a company she used to drive for.
+Nelms has long experience with computers. She got her first “about 17 years ago,” she says, when her ex-husband, a fiber-optics sales engineer, needed it for his home business. It was a desktop, and after her amicable divorce in the 1990s, she had her own computer built to her specs. She assumed moderating duties more than four years ago at Truck.Net and upgraded to a laptop for access out on the road. “I couldn’t see continually leaving my board for what could possibly be weeks at a time,” she says, and calls that decision “one of the smartest moves I’ve ever made.”
+Her handle on Truck.Net is “Intimidator.” She says in her early days in the industry she lived up to that name in an effort to counter the intimidation she felt she constantly encountered in the male-dominated industry. “I was obstinate, rude, uncaring, opinionated and generally a Class A ‘bully’ – that’s a better word,” she says. “Someone down on their luck would ask me for money and my immediate response was ‘Get a job.’ I didn’t care if anyone liked me, I was going to say what I wanted. Boy, did I catch flack.”
+Via the message boards, she met several fellow women drivers she now calls her “sisters.” The sisters make up a cohort that, with time and a gaining of mutual respect, drew what she sees as a new Ramona Nelms out from behind the “crass” front the old Ramona put up.
+“Society accepts that men are going to be outspoken, but if a woman does it she’s immediately viewed as having no class,” she says. “In this industry we women have to be tough, but we can be tough and still remain a lady. My friends taught me that.”
+Through the years, her online friends helped her to slowly change. “It used to take me days to leave ‘Trucker Ramona’ behind after I came home,” she says. “Now, ‘Ramona’ is always around, so I don’t have to go in search of her. My friends taught me that being me is a good thing. They’ve taught me that I can have opinions and express them without coming off as arrogant. Without the Internet bringing these ladies into my life, I would probably still be that abrasive, in your face, arrogant, obstinate bully.”
+One of Nelms’ cherished sisters was Stephanie Hopper, nee Stephenson, known as Messyme on Truck.Net.
+Stephanie Stephenson was born in Pomona, Calif., and spent most of her life on the West Coast. She started driving in 1999 after being laid off from a Boeing plant in Washington state. Another Truck.Net frequenter, Steve Hopper, handle Chilidawg, had also started driving the same year after his third layoff from the Boeing plant in Mesa, Ariz.
+His encounter with Stephanie left a lasting impression. “In the summer of 2004 I was pulling food grade tanks,” says Hopper, “and had been doing so since the first of the year. Stephanie had some bad luck with a dry bulk carrier and was looking for a change, so one evening in the chat room she asked if she could call me on the phone to discuss the particulars of getting into food grade tanks.
+“I have no idea what it was about that initial phone call, but I could talk to her and never run out of things to say. We both put our cell plans to the test over the next couple months.” Hopper recalls at least one 600-mile call that lasted on his end from Amarillo, Texas, all the way to Kansas City: “What did we talk about? Just about anything and everything. It seemed as though nothing was too trivial or too sensitive.”
+Their first face-to-face date, an engineered meeting at Kelly’s Truck Stop in Shreveport, La., led Steve to a proposal that they both come off the road and live life together. “That was October of 2004,” says Hopper.
+Stephanie would never get back into a truck.
+In Wichita Falls, Texas, near where Steve grew up, he found work hauling locally, then as a technician in the Texas panhandle and western Oklahoma oil fields. In November Stephanie, then 46, went to the hospital for a partial hysterectomy, and the doctors discovered a rare form of cancer in her fallopian tubes. The doctors were shocked, telling Stephanie it was something one could go an entire career and never see. They gave her a dim prognosis of anywhere from three months to three years to live, depending on the effectiveness of treatment.
+“Steve could have bolted and ran but he didn’t,” says Nelms. “He stood by Stephanie through it all – all of her friends are sure glad he did.”
+The couple settled in for a tough future, planning a wedding ceremony for July 1, 2006, in Wichita Falls. Off the road, they stayed in touch with their friends still out there through Truck.Net.
+“I want to thank each of you for your prayers and wishes of well for me, and strength for Steve, through all this,” Stephanie wrote in a post dated April 15, 2006:
+“We have been a group that have laughed, loved, cried and carried one another and even argued a time or two at different times in our lives. We have been a strong team when it was needed, and pains in the rear when it wasn’t. We have made ongoing stories that have offered each of us comic relief and cried over the sudden or surprised loss of a poster who became a friend to many.
+“And now this.
+“Good thing is, I can handle this.
+“Thanks friends, and don’t stop praying
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+OverdriveOnline.com strives to maintain an open forum for reader opinions. Click here to read our comment policy.
+Feds fine US missionary to Sudan $28k for shipping motor oil?
+posted at 5:05 pm on October 30, 2007 by Bryan
+Your head-spinning federal stupidity of the day comes from the FAA:
+For more than a decade, [Rev. Sam Childers] has transported needed supplies to operate its power-generator in a clearly marked Rubbermaid container. That is until April, when three quarts of motor oil, two bottles of diesel treatment and a can of WD-40 spray lubricant in the crate were confiscated by airline screeners.
+Mr. Childers, president of World Missions Shekinah Fellowship, apologized in a later letter to U.S. government officials, saying he was not aware the supplies were classified as “hazardous materials” and illegal to ship by commercial plane.
+The minister thought the matter was resolved. But now, six months later, Mr. Childers has been notified by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) he will be fined $28,000 for the transgression.
+It sounds like he shipped about 15 bucks worth of stuff. How does that, even if it’s entirely illegal and wrong and beyond question immoral, earn one a $28,000 fine?
+I mean, the law is the law, but this strikes me as ridiculous.
+(photo by Kevin Ev dealing with a blundering retard mutant like the FAA, any and all wonderous insanity is possible.
+I’m surprised they didn’t chuck him in Gitmo on terrorism charges…
+Ochlan on October 30, 2007 at 5:15 PM
+Here’s hoping they make him do community service instead. Oh wait…
+spmat on October 30, 2007 at 5:15 PM
+I’m not sure I understand exactly what happened and what he’s being fined for. It sounds as if he was stopped before boarding the plane, which means he didn’t actually violate the law. How exactly are they fining him for that?
+The only thing I can think of is that he is being punished for admitting (in the letter) to his previous transgressions. But even the FAA can’t be petty, can it?
+Shivv on October 30, 2007 at 5:23 PM
+Uh, what? I’m assuming that was sarcasm.
+Anyway…this is right up there with strip-searching 80-year-old grannies and wheel-chair bound nuns. My guess is that the fine won’t stick, thanks at least in part to blogs like this one.
+Exit question: Are stupid people drawn to government service, or does government service make people stupid?
+flipflop on October 30, 2007 at 5:26 PM
+This is ridiculous, the aircraft itself is carrying tons of jet fuel. Their regulations didn’t seem to help anything on 9/11. When a jet crashes that surely isn’t going to add much fuel to the inevitable fire. The government is completely out of hand, they make so much law that the law is unknowable. Yet ignorance of the law, according to the courts is no excuse.
+Maybe instead of health care we need free lawyers to guide us through every detail of our daily lives so we don’t run afoul of the law.
+I could understand the government giving him a warming or even a fine for a couple of hundred dollars, as a stiff reminder to not let it happen again. But this is just so far over the top!
+I sure hope a pro-bono lawyer steps forward to help Mr. Childers, whatever happened to common sense, whatever happened to justice. The government is out of it’s collective mind.
+Maxx on October 30, 2007 at 5:26 PM
+I suggest they pay the fine in increments worth no more than a single cup of coffee a day.
+Neo on October 30, 2007 at 5:28 PM
+Meanwhile, Ramos and Campeon are still in prison.
+The law is the law.
+Doesn’t mean it can’t be wrong.
+Hawkins1701 on October 30, 2007 at 5:31 PM
+So much for the Bush administration pandering to evangelicals.
+Ali-Bubba on October 30, 2007 at 5:52 PM
+I ask that all the time, but in regard to politics. I’ve never gotten an answer, and I don’t know either, but there sure are a lot of idiots running the country.
+BadgerHawk on October 30, 2007 at 6:04 PM
+This is utter insanity. I hope The Washington Times stays on the story. I want an answer from the government. More importantly, they need to back off and apologize for harassment.
+Connie on October 30, 2007 at 6:17 PM
+Did they levy that fine against the shoe bomber?
+TheSitRep on October 30, 2007 at 6:23 PM
+The poor man probably only makes half that per year.
+tikvah on October 30, 2007 at 6:28 PM
+He is just an easy target. Our government/law enforcement in general likes to go after soft targets. That is people that mostly lead a law abiding life. It is easier to go after regular people violating traffic rules (only if you are legal) and smoke laws. Even the Ramos and Campeon case fits the description.
+SIJ6141 on October 30, 2007 at 6:38 PM
+Let’s be a bit careful here. The Feds have the rules for a reason: safety. If something had gone wrong with that fuel, many lives (not to mention a very expensive airplane) would have been threatened.
+I have a lot of sympathy for the missionary and his work, but rules are rules, and penalties need to reflect the seriousness of the violation.
+I’m going to look into donating a bit of $ to help Rev. Childers pay the fine.
+Oh — almost forgot: this . . .
+. . . is just about the most brainless thing I’ve read today. Only Murtha tops it.
+Splashman on October 30, 2007 at 6:54 PM
+I don’t think the fine was high enough. You cannot ship combustible materials like that on an aircraft. It has nothing to do with “adding” anything to what might happen in a crash, but it has *everything* to do with that moron being the cause of the crash. Utterly irresponsible of him.
+KSgop on October 30, 2007 at 7:12 PM
+I’m not a lawyer, but doesn’t the law have to consider intent? The guy obviously thought he was within the law (had the container clearly marked), and he gave up the stuff at check-in when he was told he couldn’t take it with him.
+Back when TSA still had the butane lighter ban (just lifted last August), I had them taken from me a the checkpoint with a polite reminder that I couldn’t take it on the plane. I’d just toss it in the trash with an “Oops, my bad.” and nothing else was ever said.
+flipflop on October 30, 2007 at 7:17 PM
+Splashman on October 30, 2007 at 6:54 PM
+KSgop on October 30, 2007 at 7:12 PM
+I don’t understand people like you. There is no justice in punishing people for an honest mistake. It does not promote a good sociality or promote respect for the laws. Especially to punish someone so harshly when there was no victim, no one harmed.
+I’m sure if this was brought to trial no jury would enforce such a harsh penalty against him. Justice is blind but its not suppose to be stupid.
+Maxx on October 30, 2007 at 9:02 PM
+The law doesn’t have to consider intent with regard to the fines – negligence is still sufficient for them to hammer someone. Hazmat regulations are posted at the security checkpoints, clearly.
+The ValuJet crash a few years back was caused by improperly putting a HAZMAT shipment (oxygen generators) on a passenger aircraft that they’re forbidden on. These items are used in aircraft to generate oxygen for the mask system in an emergency, and are carried on all passenger aircraft in the first place.
+Since the cabin is pressurized (and some of the cargo space is as well) a can of WD-40 releasing into the air poses a much greater hazard than it would if the same thing happened in your garage – the oxygen concentration is different, and you can’t simply open a window to vent the toxic fumes out.
+The fine was levied properly, and if justice is to be served, he should be able to appeal it and get it reduced because of the hardship it would cause to him and his mission.
+It’s unfair, but he can’t really claim ignorance, since things like aerosol bottles are listed specifically as well as flammables on the warning poster at the security checkpoints and baggage counters.
+RustMouse on October 30, 2007 at 9:10 PM
+This guys honest mistake could have destroyed the entire plane. I handled Hazardous Materials for FedEx for many years. The FAA and the airlines take this sort of thing very seriously. Any flamable materials have to be shipped in a fireproof container connected to a fire extinguisher. These rules regarding are created by the airlines and enforced by the FAA, and most other countried use similar rules to those created by U.S. airlines (for purposes of international travel).
+jones on October 30, 2007 at 9:14 PM
+My BS meter is pegged. Why would anyone ship oil / fuel in a “clearly marked rubbermaid container”? They have lubricants in every country to run power generators. Even if it were cheaper to ship from the US, why take it out of the original container to ship? If this was an honest mistake, it was one made by someone who should not be making any decisions on his own.
+Methinks there is more to this story.
+sweeper on October 30, 2007 at 9:39 PM
+That tragedy is no doubt the reason they are hammering this guy so hard. To make an example of him. But there is no comparison between the volatility of oxygen generators and a few quarts of petroleum based liquids.
+Beside the fact that these substances never got on the aircraft. In order to be judicious its not enough to consider what may have happened you also have to consider what actually did happen. Which in this case was nothing, and with no indication of any intent to do harm.
+The facts here remind me of the brainless zero tolerance policies in schools that would punish a child for drawing a picture of something that appeared to be a gun. Mindless. People that support and tolerate this kind of automatic punishment by burocrats so they can look tough, invite tyranny. A review of the facts and intent are always in order to have a just outcome.
+Maxx on October 30, 2007 at 9:43 PM
+Would that be the motor oil, or the WD-40?
+Pablo on October 30, 2007 at 9:44 PM
+But it didn’t. They seized the materials, and could have sent him a letter informing him of a regulation of which he had no previous knowledge. Instead, without warning, wham — pay $28,000.
+Whatever happened to the principle of “no harm, no foul”?
+Ali-Bubba on October 30, 2007 at 9:55 PM
+Under the new rules,are they saying engine oil
+is a banned liquid on planes or just improperley shipped!
+canopfor on October 30, 2007 at 10:03 PM
+If the FAA rules are transporting 10w-30 engine oil
+in fire retardent containers,well I guess then the
+feds will have to set up inspection stations for float planes hip hopping from fish to hunting lodges.
+canopfor on October 30, 2007 at 10:14 PM
+Why do I feel there is more to this story…hmmm….gonna reserve judgement.
+Highrise on October 31, 2007 at 1:21 AM
+Surely the letters to Sam Childers were signed by someone; if they weren’t, that’s newsworthy in itself. Is Audrey Hudson aware that bureaucrats aren’t an indistinguishable mass, but have names, titles, mailing addresses, e-mail addresses, and telephone numbers? I’ve even heard that bureaucracies are hierarchic; if that’s true, then the man or woman who pulled that $28,000 figure out of his a$$ has a boss, who also has a boss, probably ad nauseam.
+Shall we explain these things to Audrey Hudson? We could try to be more polite to her than I have been here; our taunts can usefully be reserved for the publicly licensed thieves whose names we seek from her.
+Kralizec on October 31, 2007 at 6:01 AM
+We’ll have to form a commission and get back to you on that.
+BacaDog on October 31, 2007 at 7:49 AM
+The six counties of Northern Ireland offer a blend of attractions,
+although we think you will find the countryside most interesting.
+Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom, is less familiar to most
+tourists than the Republic of Ireland, although it can be a pleasant place
+to visit.
+Although, the "Troubles" in Northern Ireland have diminished
+to a murmur, they have not completely disappeared. (See
+our introduction to Ireland page for more information on
+Ireland's troubled history.)
+From time to time, Irish Republic Army dissidents demonstrate
+their rejection of the peace process with violence. In
+general, the tourist areas in Northern Ireland are safe to
+visit, but you should research local conditions to satisfy
+yourself about the risks of traveling in the destinations you
+plan to visit.
+We recommend that you visit Northern Ireland (including the northern
+counties of the Irish Republic) on a second trip to Ireland or at the end of
+a whole island tour.
+Many visitors to the North of Ireland are drawn to Northern Ireland, the six
+counties that opted to remain a part of the United Kingdom when the Republic of
+Ireland was established by treaty with the United Kingdom in 1921. In the
+remainder of the 20th century, strife between groups in Northern Ireland who
+saw a different future for the country (i.e. those who wanted union with England
+and those wanting union with the Republic) resulted in the area being shunned by
+tourists. Although the causes and blame for this tension seems to span a
+variety of organizations, groups, religions and causes, it appears that the
+"Troubles" were diminished and perhaps ended with the "Belfast" or Good Friday
+Agreement" in 1998, as implemented in the 2006 St. Andrew's Agreement.
+Today there are still signs of controversy, but those who are visit Northern
+Ireland's tourist attractions will likely not see anything more troubling than
+suggestive graffiti.
+Tourism is not as highly developed in Northern Ireland as it is in the Republic,
+although there a number of scenic areas and interesting attractions. We
+present a modest selection of these sights below.
+By far, the leading attraction in Northern Ireland is the Giant's Causeway, a
+UNESCO world Heritage site. Comprised of over 40,000 basalt columns rising
+from the sea at the edge of the Antrim Plateau, this unique landscape was caused
+by volcanic activity some 50 to 60 million years ago. It is believed that
+the mineral composition of a basalt injection and the method of cooling
+interacted to produce multi-sided (often hexagonal) basalt columns.
+Eventually this mysterious wonderland was exposed by wave action which revealed
+the surprising extent of the Giant's Causeway
+The Giant's Causeway lies at the foot of the basalt cliffs along the sea.
+This is an area of spectacular scenery including bays, cliffs and the
+ever-present basalt columns. See this official site for
+information on
+visiting although you might also enjoy some of the photographs and
+details at this
+website.
+By
+the way, this Giant's causeway was also named based on the legend of Finn
+MacCool who reputedly built it to reach one of his foes, a Scottish giant named
+Benandonner. When he approached Benandonner's island, he realized that the
+giant was much bigger than "himself" and he beat a retreat home for a snooze.
+While he was asleep Benandonner approached and seeing trouble brewing, Finn's
+wife Oonagh threw some blankets and a bonnet the recumbent Finn. When
+Benandonner arrived she told him that Finn was not home and whatever he did
+"...not to wake the baby!" Seeing the size of the "baby" MacCool,
+Benandonner decided that Finn must be very large indeed. His courage
+failing, Benandonner retreated and destroyed most of the causeway to avoid the
+possibility of any future confrontation with those enormous Irish giants!
+For
+more information on the Causeway Coast and Glens, see
+this site sponsored by the Northern Ireland Tourist
+Board.
+Dating from the 17th century, Dunluce Castle is one of those breathtaking sites
+that sears its image on the imagination. Located on the Antrim coast, it
+was once the stronghold of the McDonnel's who ruled much of eastern Ulster.
+There are remains of a much earlier fort, as this defensible location seems just
+the right place for a fortification. The hazards of living in the castle
+were often hard to overlook, as late in the 16th century, while the castle was
+occupied the 2nd Earl of Antrim, part of the kitchen fell into the ocean.
+Visitors must pass a narrow footbridge to enter the property. For more
+information on the history of the site and details on visiting, try the
+official website.
+You will also find an assortment of dolmens in Northern Ireland similar to those
+found in the Republic. Pictured to the right is the granite Legananny
+Dolmen in County Down, south of Dromara. Legananny is reputed to be one of
+the most photographed dolmens in all of Ireland, due to its size and balanced
+proportions.
+Located near the village of Leitrim, this dolmen is thought be at
+least 5,000 years old and was probably the grave a clan chieftain. Originally
+covered by earth to the capstone, portal tombs such as these were once thought
+by locals to be druid altars or, perhaps, tombs of giants.
+While in the area of the Legananny Dolmen, if you are a collector of
+"record" sites while you travel, you might be interested in visiting
+Castlewellan Forest Park near Castlewellan and the Mourne Mountains.
+The Park contains the Peace Maze, which according the Guinness Book of World
+Records is the largest hedge maze in the world. The Park's arboretum
+is quite pleasant and we recommend a visit.
+Many tourists are attracted to Belfast because of its notoriety. Known for its