diff --git "a/falcon-refinedweb-100k_en-long_136.txt" "b/falcon-refinedweb-100k_en-long_136.txt"
new file mode 100644--- /dev/null
+++ "b/falcon-refinedweb-100k_en-long_136.txt"
@@ -0,0 +1,10000 @@
+James Whitt, who had long been suffering from Consumption, died last week at the home of his father about 3 miles below this place.
+Wm. Davis died on the 23 ult. of pneumonia. He was a successful farmer and merchant and leaves a large estate. Mr. H. H. Gambill has been chosen administrator. the people of this neighborhood sympathize with the bereaved family in their trouble.
+Andrew Burton died at his home on George’s Creek one day last week.
+Dec 8
+None
+Dec 15
+None
+Dec 22
+None
+Dec 29
+None
+09 Mar 2015
+A question about : MSE EE broadband deal : We want your feedback
+Hi all,
+In our broadband guide EE is in our top picks.
+We're after feedback from people who have applied this offer and want to know your experience and if you had any trouble getting the broadband.
+Thanks for all help in advance
+Best answers:
+- Hi David, I registered for the offer about 6 weeks ago (the Amazon voucher was Ј100 at that time). Very straightforward, cancelled my talk talk account, requested the MAC code, no problem, passed MAC code to EE. New router arrived on time, switch over was painless, paid my line rental upfront as per the terms of the deal and I'm now enjoying broadband with no hiccups for Ј2.50 a week. I'm delighted. Customer service was great from EE.
+- Hi. Delighted to share my experiences of the EE/Amazon offer, which I took when it was highlighted on Martin's weekly email.
+I moved house back in spring and couldn't take my existing service with me (the new home is not in a Virgin Media area). I applied on line for the EE offer and completed the forms on 16th April. I chose to pay a year's line rental in advance in order to keep costs as low as possible. My router arrived very quickly, but my connection date was given as 2nd May. And, indeed, on 2nd May the service was connected.
+The broadband service isn't too bad and I have had very few drop-outs. I am getting speeds of 10 to 12 Mbps and the router itself gives very good coverage throughout the house.
+My only problem was the Ј120 of Amazon vouchers. After three months I had heard nothing, so contacted EE for assistance and they initially told me to contact MSE. When I queried this, they said to contact Amazon instead. Their customer service team clearly knew nothing about the offer, nor what to recommend to customers when they made an enquiry. In this respect, I would say EE scored 0/10 for customer service.
+However I found another thread on the MSE forums which pointed me towards the company handling the promotion on behalf of EE (you'd think that EE could have given me the same information). A few emails, some additional information, and I've just had confirmation that the Ј120 will be paid this month. This promotion company were excellent in their service and I always had prompt, polite, clear replies. If EE scored 0/10 then this company was worth 10/10.
+So in summary, despite some problems along the way, I am very happy with my broadband which is effectively costing me a few pounds a month including line rental. Whether I stay with them in a year's time remains to be seen - there may be better offers out there.
+- I signed up for this deal earlier this year and my 'go live' date was 30 April. This meant that the Ј120 Amazon voucher should have been sent to me by 30 July.
+I signed up for the line rental saver and received a confirmation e-mail. When I received my first bill, it showed a monthly charge, so I contacted EE. The person I spoke to advised that it could take a month or two for the the line saver to be shown, but I was definitely signed up to it and would receive the discount. I was told the same thing on subsequent months until early August, when I was told that I wasn't signed up for line saver (even though I had an e-mail proving that I was)
+I was less than happy with this and my call was transferred to Customer Retention. The person I spoke to tried to fob me
+off with an offer of 3 x Ј4.75 credit for previous months and setup Line Saver rental from then on (so I'd enter a new 12 month contract) I advised that I wasn't happy with this and I wanted the Line Saver deal back dated to my contract start date.
+The CSA I spoke to checked with a manager than advised they
+weren't able to do this. I asked to speak to a manager and was to have to wait 48 hours for a manager call .
+I advised that this wasn't acceptable and demanded to speak to the manager. CSA then told me that his manager wasn't in, so I asked to speak thee manager that he had just spoken to. He tried to fob me off again and I insisted.
+My call was then transferred to Ben Sawyer, manager of Pre-Live Cancellations team. After much argument, he offered to credit my account with 3 x Ј4.75 in respect of the May, June and July bills and place a recurring credit onto my account for the
+next 9 months so the effect would be as if I had Line Saver. I agreed to this and asked for written confirmation, which he was unable to issue.
+When I received my next bill, the credits had been correctly applied. However, I spent approximately 2 hours on the phone between May and August and only got the result I did through sheer force of personality (i.e. I shouted a lot) I shouldn't have had to insist that EE honour a contract that they had entered into with me - a lot of people would have given up or been persuaded into extending their contract to get the line saver.
+The Amazon voucher has yet to materialise. On 31 July, I contacted eevouchers@affiliatewindow.com to advise that I hadn't received my vouchers. I received a reply from Harry.McFarlane@affiliatewindow.com asking for my DKI order reference, which I provided on 15 August. A few days later, Harry e-mailed to say: I have asked Amazon to resend your voucher, please check your spam/junk folders and general inbox. It will be with you in the next couple of days, hope this helps.
+I haven't received my vouchers yet and follow up e-mails to Harry have gone unanswered. I have also contacted Amazon, but they are unaware of a request for vouchers to be sent to me.
+All in all, I don't feel that Martin Lewis / MoneySavingExpert should be promoting EE / Affiliate Window as they don't seem to think it is necessary to honour contracts and offers made.
+- I have just signed up with EE to take advantage of the Ј120 Amazon Voucher - now I am having concerns. EE rang me and during the conversation I asked about the Ј120 voucher offer - they are not accepting any responsibility. Amazon say the same. I have emailed eevouchers@affiliatewindow.com, no reply so far.
+I am really surprised that MSE are not helping in this matter. You give advice and then, it seems, you wipe your hands of it. Shame on you. Are you going to do the decent thing and get involved to ensure your readers are treated well.
+- I very nearly pulled the trigger on this deal.
+Fortunately I read these websites before I made my decision.
+- Hi all
+First of all I wanted to say that I have been using MSE for years and use it as a reliable, quick and impartial source of information. Recently, users on the forums have been great help to me also.
+I do have some thoughts about the EE Broadband deal which I would like to share. Please feel free to set me straight if I am being unfair or misguided in any way.
+Having just purchased my first property, I came to MSE to look at sourcing the cheapest broadband deal. Having read the EE offer, and trusting MSE (I can do my own research when required using comparison sites etc, but why re-invent the wheel?) I decided to plump for the EE offer with Ј120 Amazon Voucher, as this seemed like a no-brainer, being equivalent to less than Ј5/month, accompanied as it was by blurb about being 'staggeringly cheap' etc. Furthermore, I even got my partner signed up to it last Sunday as well, in her flat.
+Note that I didn't do much other research, other than a precursory glance at broadbandchoices website (and I make no apologies for this, as this is what I thought MSE was for). Yesterday I happened to notice that Quidco are offering Ј130 cashback for taking out the same deal, and have been for some time. Now I know that cashback is not guaranteed, but this seems to be through an affiliate link that takes you to a dedicated EE / Quidco page, and in my mind the cashback seems extremely likely to track (98% according to Quidco).
+To me Ј130 cash is a much better offer than a Ј120 Amazon voucher, particularly reading on the forums the difficulty people are having receiving their vouchers.
+I know I will probably get flamed for this, and buyer beware, DYOR etc, but I do feel as I was misled slightly, to my detriment. I know MSE does make money from clicks through and is open about this, but I can't help but feel that it was money talking on this occasion. Or is this because of a policy to not ever count cashback in a deal as read, because it is not guaranteed?
+Grateful for others' thoughts. Not sure I will cancel for the sake of Ј10 (or effectively Ј20 if you include my partner)...but it has been a salutory lesson... Oh and yes, I'm pretty skint at the moment, so every tenner does make a difference!
+- Having had Ј100 of Sainsburys vouchers on a card, and the Love2shop vouchers, I am fed up with the restrictions. In anticipation of Ј120 Amazon vouchers, I was checking on Amazon for something I would buy.
+For a Fujifilm XQ1 compact camera, the best prices I could find on the internet:
+Amazon Ј269.
+Jessops Ј219.00 ( Ј269 - Ј50 cashback)
+Allgain Ј218.52
+eGlobalCentral Ј199.99
+As it turns out, I was passing through China, and got one for about Ј180.
+So, buying on Amazon at Ј269 is Ј89 more than what I actually paid. I could put this towards the Anytime Calls add-on and get a year's worth of free calls, if that is indeed what the Ј130 Quidco deal is.
+- 3 months and counting now and have not received the Ј100 Amazon voucher, feel let down as this was a key incentive for me to sign up.
+MSE promoted this therefore can you help to make EE deliver there promise.
+- Ordered the deal on 15th August. There was a snarl up in the connection which meant we weren't connected until middle of September. Broadband seems fine, no problems watching iPlayer, Netflix, Youtube etc. Bit concerned about the Amazon voucher as I've heard nothing and lots of people seem to be having problems.
+- Poor experience. EE initially didn't bother to take over my old number from Sky so I had to use a different number until they could retrieve it - which I had to chase them to do.
+No Amazon voucher has materialised after 4 months. Affiliatewindow said it hadn't tracked but were putting it in line to be actioned at the beginning of September. Since then, no response from them. I'm currently hoping they are going to respond to my post of 17 October in the other thread...
+- Ordered fibre broadband with EE 20 September and supplied a MAC code. Despite emails and posted confirmation from EE telling me it would all happen in 13 days nothing has happened by 20 Oct. Two phone calls to get through and after waiting 20 mins both times I find out the MAC code has expired and they want another. Fortunately I have not paid any money (although I elected to pay line rental a year in advance) and so I have decided to cancel. Asked to hold whilst they put me through to cancellations, sorry no!
+Regardless of a good deal and Amazon voucher any company that cannot or do not have the capacity to process new orders in a timely fashion do not have my confidence.
+If they can't action orders what will happen if theres a problem? Id rather not risk being without broadband or worse a phone line!
+- Appalling! They've even breached their own T&Cs. Expected to wait 18days+ for BB after their error! - After waiting 10 days for switch over, now expected to wait a further 9 days with no BB - with old Supplier terminated BB due to EE supposedly supplying it! (Have started a separate thread - didn't see this one). Oh and they apparently can't even cancel my non-broadband! 'Customer services' dreadful - takes over 20mins on hold before even talking to someone and just transferred from department to department!
+- Hi,
+I saw the EE deal offer in martins money tips bulletin back in early September. I only had line rental at this time (which I paid Ј8.49pm for) and needed broadband as I am starting an online course soon so I needed to get broadband set up. I have very limited finances and on looking around I was struggling to find a provider who I could get line rental and broadband with for under Ј18 a month which was my budget limit. I saw the EE offer on MSE and thought it would be perfect, especially with the Ј100 amazon cashback being offered at the time. I don't ever use my home phone as I have a mobile contract where I make all my calls so I knew that all I would need was line rental and broadband. The offer at that time was Ј132 for 12 months line rental if you bought it up front plus Ј2.50 per month for the broadband = Ј162 for the year, well within my budget so I signed up online. I even phoned EE afterwards to make sure it had gone through OK and to check that I was only going to be charged Ј162 for the lot. The rep I spoke to confirmed that this was correct but I would have to pay for any weekday or mobile phone calls I made on top each month. I said that was fine as I don't use my home phone at all and so as far as I was aware, I was going to get a one off charge of Ј162 and that would pretty much be the end of it for the next 12 months.
+I had heard nothing from EE until I got an e mail to say my broadband was going live on 24th Sept and a router/box would be sent to me by 23rd Sept. I did eventually get the router (though not until a week later as they had delivered it to the wrong address and the people were away on holiday so didn't pass it to me until they got back).
+I began using the internet and thought nothing more of it until 15th October when I got an e mail to say my first bill had come through. I went online to check the bill expecting to see a charge of Ј162 and the bill showed a charge of Ј181.95 which had been taken from my bank the day before on 14th Oct. I immediately phoned EE and after some time eventually got through to someone who advised me that I had signed up for a deal that would cost me Ј132 for annual line rental plus Ј30 connection plus Ј19.95 per month for 20mb broadband and weekend landline calls. I explained this was not what I had ordered and that I had expected to get the deal I saw advertised through MSE because I had signed up through the MSE link as instructed. I was told that if I had been mis-sold this would need to be investigated and I have to wait up to 2 weeks to hear back from their 'mis-sale' team. If I don't hear I can call them back after 2 weeks and try again.
+What a nightmare! I am certainly not in a position to pay any more than the Ј162 I budgeted for initially let alone another Ј19.95 every month just for 20mb broadband and weekend calls I wont ever use!! I was so upset and feel very frustrated that I can do nothing about it until they call me back! I am at least grateful I called them after I signed up as they are supposedly going to search for my call as it should have been recorded but as it it is not in their interests to be proven wrong, I am convinced my call won't be found!
+I just don't know what to do now - please help ?????
+Категория:
+- 1211 reads
+Financial Advisor Basingstoke Hampshire (RG21): If you're in search of financial advice for the very first time, trying to locate a decent financial advisor advisor in Basingstoke can be a daunting experience. Whether you are searching for mortgage, pension, investment or even insurance advice, all qualified financial advisors have one thing in common; they must all conform to the regulations laid down by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). The advantage of this is that should a financial advisor who is FCA approved give you bad advice, and things go awry, you've got guarantees, and can contact the Financial Ombudsman or the Financial Services Compensation Scheme to get it put right.
+When picking a financial advisor in Basingstoke, a decent place to start could be friends and family, but you must bear in mind that your circumstances might not be the same as theirs, and you might need a different kind of advice. Financial advice needs to be specifically tailored to your particular situation, and you will discover that some financial advisors might not be suitable for you. Picking the right financial advisor is vital and it is a good idea to speak to at least 3 different companies in order to investigate the options they can offer, and to find one you can trust and feel at ease with.
+Restricted advisors and independent financial advisors, are the 2 principal types of financial advisor in Basingstoke. An IFA won't be restricted to a single provider's products or services. Independent financial advice must be given in an impartial way and should cover the whole spectrum of financial products and companies. If you opt to use an independent financial advisor, you'll be able to select from the widest possible array of products, in order to find the right solution for your needs. A restricted financial advisor could be limited to services and products from a single provider, or may even focus on one particular product, as can be the case with a mortgage advisor.
+The FCA demands that any financial advisor must be fully transparent with you about their charges, before accepting you as a client. Although it varies according to the type of service or product you're interested in, there may be an hourly rate, a set fee, or you might even be charged a slice of what you are investing. You might be offered the possibility of a free first consultation to enable you to discuss your aims and find out if the advisor is a right fit for your situation. In some larger Basingstoke companies, you might find that your account is handled by a team rather than an individual.
+To describe your financial situation and ambitions to the advising firm, you'll need to complete a "Fact Find" document, which is a confidential disclosure form. You'll also be given a Key Facts Document, or Initial Disclosure Document, which provides information on the financial advisor, their status to offer independent or restricted advice and their scope of permissions in the financial sector. This document will also set down your rights and the possible options you can take if you're not happy with the service, and wish to make a complaint. It has to be easily understood, written in plain language, and outline exactly what you are signing up for, along with the risks and benefits of taking the proffered advice. You'll find the amount of cooling-off period in the Key Facts Document. This enables you to change your mind within a specific time period, and cancel the agreement with your financial advisor.
+When chatting with your financial advisor the very first time you'll want to check their experience and qualifications. You shouldn't be self-conscious about asking such questions, after all you are about to entrust your financial wellbeing to their expertise. All Basingstoke financial advisors must hold at least a Level 4 qualification and be in a position to present an annual Statement of Professional Standing. If your advisor's name does not appear on the Financial Services Register, you shouldn't stress, the company the individual works for should be found on the register and their advisors will be covered by the legislation. If these cannot be presented the individual may still offer financial guidance rather than advice. In terms of finance guidance differs to advice and is not regulated in the same way. Therefore there isn't any recourse for the client if mistakes are made.
+If it's investments that you're interested in, your advisor will ask you about the amount of risk you might be prepared to accept with your hard-earned money. High risk investments may potentially offer better rewards, but some or all of your capital could be lost. Good quality financial and investment advice should take into account your savings aims, i.e. how rapidly you need access to your funds, short or long term investments and how much you wish to invest. "How much can you actually afford to lose?" Is the one question that you really need to ask yourself. Known as your capacity for loss, this will quite likely have an effect on products and services that you are offered.
+Right from the start, it is imperative that you let your financial advisor know about any investments, regular payments, mortgage loans or savings that you have. To ensure that you get the best advice for you, they need to gather a full and clear picture of your finances. Reliable financial advice should allow for diversifying your investments and savings by spreading the risk load across various products. A qualified financial advisor in Basingstoke will understand the best areas to consider, which reflect your financial situation and your goals.
+Your financial advisor will attempt to communicate in the clearest possible way, to unveil the multifaceted world of finance. After learning about the products and services that meet your needs, you should be able to make an informed and knowledgeable decision. If environmental issues are important to you, you could even ask that ethical savings and investments take precedence. This will allow you to lend support to businesses and companies which address your concerns, e.g. green energy or zero carbon, or perhaps keeping away from businesses that do not meet your criteria.
+Working alongside a financial advisor in Basingstoke can be tricky to fit in around your work day and other obligations. To enable you to seek advice at a time to suit you, face-to-face meetings can be supplemented with phone calls and video conferencing. An experienced financial advice provider in Basingstoke will have rigorous measures in place to keep your details secure and confidential, even if you never have an in-person meeting with your advisor, because home and remote working is no longer unusual.
+COMPLAINTS
+Investments can just as easily go down as well as up, since the financial sector can be a volatile one. It can be incredibly demoralising and worrying if your investment is not making as much money as you hoped for. Regrettably, your investment having a downward trend is not a recognised basis for complaint, unless of course it's due to incorrect or misleading information from your advisor.
+Any disputes should start out with the company's official complaints procedure as laid out in the Key Facts Document. You can let the Financial Ombudsman know about the situation if it is unsolved within the period set out by the regulating body, and your advisor is registered with the FCA.
+The Financial Ombudsman will make a ruling after reviewing the cause of the complaint independently. If it is found that the complaint is legitimate, a decision is made on how the client can be compensated. Once the ruling has been accepted by the client it becomes a legally binding decision which the financial advisor and their company, must comply with. Any upset, distress, inconvenience and hassle caused to the client during the dispute, will be taken into account when the Ombudsman sets the level of compensation.
+Financial advice can be provided in Basingstoke and also in nearby places like: Lychpit, Chineham, Kempshott, South View, Wootton St Lawrence, Houndmills, Oakridge Village, Cliddesden, Old Basing, Hatch Warren, Worting, Ramsdell, Hatch, East Oakley, Newnham, as well as in these postcodes RG21 3AH, RG21 3EU, RG21 3EZ, RG21 3AW, RG21 3DS, RG21 3QJ, RG21 3EL, RG21 3FB, RG21 3QH, RG21 3JN. Local Basingstoke financial advisors will most likely have the postcode RG21 and the dialling code 01256. Simply click on the "enquiry" form or banner to get information on financial advisors in your location.
+Essential Skills for Financial Advisors
+- To have a flexible approach to work.
+- Attentive listening skills.
+- Good business management skills for the negotiation of product prices.
+- An excellent level of maths knowledge for developing financial strategies.
+- Good customer service skills for identifying client requirements.
+- To be able to network and build solid relationships with customers.
+- The ability to promote financial services and products.
+- Good skills in verbal communication.
+- To pay attention to detail and be thorough.
+- A solid knowledge of accounting and economics associated with financial markets and products.
+- To be capable of using a computer and the principal software programs.
+Basingstoke Financial Advice Services
+There are a whole host of services that can be provided by your local Basingstoke financial advisor including mutual funds, retirement planning, independent financial advice in Basingstoke, corporate bonds, wealth management & investments, corporate financial planning, business planning, trustee investment services Basingstoke, cashflow analysis, long term care fee planning, stakeholder pensions, pension advice, financial planning, investment planning in Basingstoke, portfolio management, equity release advice in Basingstoke, financial analyst services, mortgage financial planning, inheritance tax planning Basingstoke, investment bonds, ethical investment advice Basingstoke, ISA's in Basingstoke, tax financial planning Basingstoke, cheap financial advice Basingstoke, pension transfers, and more.
+Financial Advisors Near Basingstoke
+Also find: Newnham financial advisors, Houndmills financial advisors, Ramsdell financial advisors, South View financial advisors, Cliddesden financial advisors, Lychpit financial advisors, Chineham financial advisors, Hatch financial advisors, Kempshott financial advisors, Old Basing financial advisors, Hatch Warren financial advisors, Worting financial advisors, Oakridge Village financial advisors, Wootton St Lawrence financial advisors, East Oakley financial advisors and more.
+Basingstoke Financial Advice Services
+- Basingstoke Financial Advice Quotations
+- Basingstoke Wealth Management
+- Basingstoke Trustee Investments
+- Basingstoke Mortgage Advice
+- Basingstoke Investment Advice
+- Basingstoke Retirement Advice
+- Basingstoke Financial Advice
+- Basingstoke Pension Advice
+- Basingstoke Estate Planning
+- Basingstoke Tax Advice
+- Basingstoke Cashflow Analysis
+- Basingstoke Life Insurance Advice
+- Basingstoke Financial Services
+- Basingstoke Inheritance Advice
+Financial Advisors Around Basingstoke: In Stockbridge Road, Duddon Way, Crockford Lane, Scotney Road, Tasmania Close, Dominica Close, Clover Field, Bartons Lane, Aylwin Close, Barn Lane, Timor Close, Blackwater Close, Bernstein Road, Chesterfield Road, Cliddesden Road, Sheppard Road, Chandler Road, Begonia Close, Cromwell Close, Arne Close, The Topiary, Seagull Close, Ashwood Way, Corfe Walk, Bexmoor, Chaucer Close, Bear Court, Sainfoin Lane, Beaulieu Court, Tobago Close, as well as these local Basingstoke postcodes: RG21 3AH, RG21 3EU, RG21 3EZ, RG21 3AW, RG21 3DS, RG21 3QJ, RG21 3EL, RG21 3FB, RG21 3QH, RG21 3JN, people have recently needed financial and investment advice.
+More Basingstoke Services: Needless to say, whenever you're looking at your finances in Basingstoke, Hampshire, you will probably need all sorts of different services and aside from a financial advisor in Basingstoke, Hampshire, you might additionally need estate planning in Basingstoke, payroll services in Basingstoke, bookkeeping in Basingstoke, contracts lawyers in Basingstoke, tax preparation in Basingstoke, business financial planning in Basingstoke, mortgage brokers in Basingstoke, mortgage advice in Basingstoke, property law & conveyancing in Basingstoke, accountants in Basingstoke, debt recovery & collection in Basingstoke, family lawyers in Basingstoke, investment advisors in Basingstoke, banruptcy lawyers in Basingstoke, will writing in Basingstoke, business consulting in Basingstoke, solicitors in Basingstoke, and other different Basingstoke experts.
+More Hampshire Financial Advisors: More Hampshire financial advisors: Fleet, Fareham, Southampton, Havant, Hythe, Andover, Portsmouth, Stubbington, Horndean, Yateley, New Milton, Hedge End, Waterlooville, Totton, Basingstoke, Southsea, Gosport, Alton, Eastleigh, Farnborough, Winchester, Aldershot and Emsworth.
+Independent financial advisor in RG21 area, phone code 01256.
+TOP - Financial Advisor Basingstoke
+Business Financial Advisors Basingstoke - Financial Advisors Basingstoke - RG21 - Pension Advice Basingstoke - Cheap Financial Advice Basingstoke - Personal Financial Advice Basingstoke - Life Insurance Basingstoke - Mortgage Advice Basingstoke - Financial Advisor Basingstoke
+This is a review of Oliver Crisp, Divinity and Humanity: The Incarnation Reconsidered, Current Issues in Theology (Cambridge, 2007) and continues my summer series of serious books I am reading seriously. Advisory: This book--and thus my review--engages intricate and potentially arcane theological topics.
+Oliver Crisp teaches at Fuller Theological Seminary and is a self-described proponent of “analytic theology,” which brings the tools of analytic philosophy to the practice of theology. Analytic philosophy seeks clarity of thought and language. So it’s no surprise that Crisp begins clearly and crisply (could not avoid that pun!) by describing the intent of Divinity and Humanity:
+"This book is a small contribution to the doctrine of the person of Christ" (ix)
+and that it will have three chapters expounding issues in Chalcedonian Christology and three that defend it against the same number of modifications. The six chapters address perichoresis as a christological category, the anhypostasia-enhypostasia distinction, whether Christ had a fallen nature, kenosis, and non-incarnational Christology.
+Divinity and Humanity is an intricate and, at times, quite difficult, collection of chapters. Therefore I’ve decided to eschew any attempt at a comprehensive review and critique. Instead I’ll offer a sketch of the total work with a few more specific reflections.
+The first chapter analyzes (let us never forget this is “analytical theology”) the distinction between two types of perichoresis: nature-perichoresis (NP here, which is applicable to Christology) and person-perichoresis (PP here, useful for Trinitarian formulations). For those unfamiliar with the term, perichoresis has the literal meaning in Greek of “dancing around.” It is therefore the co-inherence of two natures in Christ or of three persons in the Godhead, and tenders a way of maintaining the unity of Christ, though he is both human and divine (thus NP) or the unity of God, while being three persons in the Trinity (PP). Crisp assesses its helpfulness as a category for Christology and Trinity, and also does not take long before the reader (at least this one) realizes that NP will fare better in Crisp’s analysis. It seems to me that Crisp is trying to avoid the rather squishy way (if I may use a technical term here) that many theologians use perichoresis in the hopes of solving problems with formulations of the Trinity and Christology.
+So Crisp wants to avoid theological (or philosophical) squishiness. And since he is an analytical theologian—who thus looks for clarity of language and analysis—I wondered about how univocally Crisp believes he can speak about God. Is there essentially a one-to-one correspondence between what we say about God and God’s true reality? Analytical tools may promise too much. My vote is that theological language is most often analogical (that any language about God’s reality is an analogy—i.e., God is not exactly a father, but God is like a human father in some ways). So here’s the kind of example from Crisp which provokes a question: “But the divine nature cannot be omnipresent and powerless without ceasing to be divine, because this entails that the divine nature is both omnipotent and limited in power, which is contradictory” (13-14). How do we know this contraction in human terms is also directly applicable to God? Maybe such formulations are “too human—far too human” (to cite Karl Barth from Church Dogmatics IV/1, 186), and such analysis simply makes little sense. Can God both be described as omnipotent, but in that power decide to limit it? In private conversation, I know he is aware of the issues of univocal or analogical language (and the attendant theme of mystery), but I find quibbles in places with his willingness to stick to the power of human philosophical analysis where a certain ambiguity is left in the biblical witness.
+The second and third chapters address the human nature of Christ. Chapter Two is the longest of the book (at just under forty pages) and looks at “several longstanding theological problems for the Incarnation” (35) such as whether Christ had one will (monothelitism) or two (dyothelitism). Incidentally, one byproduct of such discussions in this book is that the reader quickly learns some unknown theological vocabulary and territory. Since I have an ongoing debate with a philosopher and friend about divine simplicity (that God is “simple,” or entirely unified, and thus without parts), I was particularly intrigued to read that we can look at Christologies according to their “parts.” Two-part Christologies assert a human body and the Word, while three-part ones present the Word, and a human nature with body and soul, distinct from the Word (41-2). At the end of a lengthy historical and analytical (but to me, too rarely biblical) tour, Crisp concludes “there is a strong case for dyothelitism” (49), where divine and human wills worked in perfect consonance
+The anhypostasia-enhypostasia distinction is the topic of Chapter Three. I’ll allow Ivor Davidson (in his article, “Theologizing the human Jesus,” IJST 3 (2001): 135) to offer the pertinent clarification: “the human nature of Jesus has not hypostasis of its own (it is ‘anhypostatic’), but subsists only and always as the human nature of the Son of God…. Negatively, the humanity of Jesus has not independent reality of its own; positively, it is hypostatized in union with, or in (en-hypostasis), the person of the Logos” (cited by Crisp, 74). A three-part Christology “entails that there are properties that the human nature of Christ exemplifies. It also means that the human nature of Christ is ‘part’ of the person of the Word, who assumes this human nature at the Incarnation” (89). Ultimately, Crisp leans toward a three-part Christology, which also makes the best sense to me in order to sustain the Chalcedonian declaration that Christ is fully human and fully divine.
+Chapter Four rejects Christ’s having taken on a fallen nature and represents a revision of what Crips first articulated in a 2004 article, “Did Christ have a Fallen Human Nature?” [IJST 6.3, 170-88]). His answer is No, and, on the face of it, this contradicts key biblical texts such as John 1:14, which states “the word became flesh (sarx),” a word that consistently in the New Testament means fallen nature. (It also contradicts Barth’s work, which both he and I admire.) Crisp, who loves to use terms to make distinctions (another characteristic of analytic philosophers and theologians) presents a “fallenness” view (that Christ’s human nature has property of being fallen) in contrast to a “sinlessness” one (Christ’s nature was unfallen and therefore sinless). Crisp argues for the latter (91). There are several ins and outs to his argument, but the essence of it is quite simple: to be fallen means to be sinful (106). And, according to classical theology, in order to be the Redeemer, Christ was not sinful. Therefore this position is contradictory and incoherent (111-2). (In some ways, it would be entirely consistent to contend for the Immaculate Concept of Mary after this—since Jesus Christ’s humanity would have to be untainted by sin.) One other key point is that Crisp works at this topic through analyzing the meaning of original sin—he argues that humankind can have original corruption without original guilt (e.g., 104). As a critique on this chapter, I’ll cite David W. Congdon’s blog:
+"Crisp misunderstands Barth and Torrance (among others) in their affirmation of the fallen human nature of Christ. The conflict rests, I believe, in radically different ontologies, such that Barth has an actualized-historicized account of what “nature” means, while Crisp works with a traditional, essentialist account. While this by no means exhausts the issues at stake, I believe this is where one must begin in order to unpack the christological ramifications."
+Additionally, Crisp tends to generalize positions and then dissect these general arguments, but does not really engage in a point-by-point critique with his interlocutors. These are criticisms, yes, but let them not take away from a careful presentation of his theological conclusions.
+Chapter Five addresses the topic of divine kenosis, which builds from the Greek verb “to empty” (ekenosen) in Philippians 2:7 as a critical description of Christ’s work. Crisp decides to leave out the strong ontological approach to kenosis (that Christ was fully emptied of divinity) and therefore to deal with the weak ontological and functionalist ones (119-20). One of his key interlocutors on weak ontological kenotic Christology is Stephen Davis (and his book, Logic and the Nature of God), who presents the idea that omniscience is not an essential divine attribute and therefore Christ could have emptied himself of knowing all in the Incarnation (123ff.). In my view, Crisp’s most telling and essential (as it were) criticism on this view of the essence of Christ is this: “it is very difficult indeed to know where to draw the line demarcating contingent and essential divine properties” (132). Next he takes on functionalist kenosis. These argue that the second person did not abdicate divine attributes, but during the Incarnation, he did not exercise them (140). All have weaknesses, and he believes a kryptic Christology is most worthy of consideration (121), in which Christ’s divinity has an aspect of hiddenness, even while he retains his divine nature.
+The final chapter was to me the clearest. Here he takes on, and ultimately argues against, “non-incarnational” (read non-Chalcedonian) Christology. John Hick’s version is the exemplar, which presents six key claims: Jesus did not teach that he was God Incarnate, the Chalcedonian definition cannot be expressed adequately, the two-natures doctrine has led to justify enormous evil, Incarnation is better understood as a metaphor, Christians are best to focus on the life and teaching of Jesus, and the metaphorical approach to the Incarnation fits best with religious pluralism (155-6). To these points then: Crisp disputes Hick’s presentation of the consensus of historical-critical scholars that Jesus did not have a divine self-concept. Instead, as Richard Bauckham and Larry Hurtado (and others) have argued, Jesus was worshiped as God from the very beginning of the Christian movement (164-5). (Incidentally, Crisp regularly employs “Christ” in this chapter, which is a title, i.e., the Messiah or Israel’s King. This confused me because Jesus as Christ or Messiah is not really a component of his argument in this chapter.) The problems with the intelligibility of the Chalcedonian definition are what Hick calls a meaningless paradox, but Christian tradition has seen this as a mystery beyond human comprehension (169-70). The third claim (that two-natures doctrine leads to evil) takes Crisp just over a page to reject since the connection between the misuse of a doctrine and its truth or falsity are separate issues. As he puts in a footnote (171, n. 29)—but would have been better in the text because of its persuasive value—liberal theology also has many evils associated with it, e.g., liberal German theologians’ support for the First World War. Crisp criticizes Hick’s understanding of myth as expressing a truth that can also be fully translated into literal language (175ff.). I hardly need to mention that Crisp is not impressed with Hick’s concerns about a Christology that makes sense in a religious pluralistic world (178-81). In a word, Crisp doesn’t find too much to commend Hick’s Christology, saying that “Removal of the heart of the Incarnation from Christology is like removal of the heart from a living human being” (xii), and even more, Hick’s view “holds no terror for the Christian committed to incarnational Christology, for whom it is either a diverting but false report of who Christ is, or a dangerous heresy that should be resisted” (184).
+What about this text as an exemplar of analytical theology? In addition to my comments above, the essential question remains—Are the tools of analytical philosophy, formed to expunge metaphysical assertions from philosophy, appropriate for theology? Yes and no. Yes—they offer clarity where it obviously lacks in discussions about God, and it is astounding to see what results. No, when it attempts to find “clear and distinct” language where analogical language is more appropriate. As I mentioned above, Crisp is certainly aware of this problem, but in my view, he falls prey nonetheless. For example, his discussion of divine omnipotence strikes me as overly optimistic—optimistic that categories useful for philosophical analysis of earthly reality work for God’s nature.
+In conclusion, Crisp is brilliant and exceedingly well-read. One cannot help but learn in reading this book. I applaud all this. For what it’s worth, I also agree with many of his conclusions. Still, Crisp’s style is, appropriate to the analytical tradition, somewhat dry. It is not, however, entirely detached because he obviously cares about the subject-matter. Or better, the Subject, God. Indeed there is doxology rumbling below the surface of this book. Nonetheless, as one who appreciates and is certainly engaged by the style of Karl Barth—which often resembles a rousing sermon—I wanted a bit more of Crisp’s theological passion to rise to the surface. But maybe that’s not the book he wanted to write! What he did create is a careful, thoughtful, faithful, and serious theology. Simply put, if you want to learn about Christology, you should read it.
+Integrating with Access Control
+Over the last few years, the interest in smart security systems has grown dramatically. Video management systems alone are not enough. Considering the present-day circumstances, they are simply not covering all of the customer’s demands and needs. That is why here, in CBC, we focus on making the software compatible with many third-party systems, so that we can team up with other systems. Thus, the video management system fulfills its portion of workload, at the same time being able to communicate with external systems for immediate response/reaction.
+One of these integrations provides a gateway to access control systems, and we shall take a closer look at it in this article.
+Interoperability and Collaboration
+Customers want to be able to control the whole system from one place, but the systems are growing in size and complexity. Due to both increasing technology availability and security requirements, there is a need for a simple and user-friendly architecture. The components of such a system should remain sophisticated, but the intricate layers are to be transparent for the end user, leaving all the hard work to the automation. There is no universal feature-rich system that would satisfy everyone; rather, people piece together different software to gain maximum profit, and this composition varies from system to system, depending on the customer specifications.
+Co-operation on the software level not only provides a unified interface, making it more convenient for the end user to manipulate the system but also allows proactive scenarios to be set up to operate system-wide. Events generated by one component trigger a response in another part. This happens automatically, without human control, but with human confirmation or supervision, if required. This saves a lot of time and minimizes effect from human error and potentially negative effect from social engineering, thus mitigating security risks. You just cannot collaborate with the camera, making it possible to sneak into a classified installation, as you could do with a human guardsman.
+In light of the above-mentioned facts, it seems evident that making a video management software work together with access control system provides benefit for the customer. So what does Ganz CORTROL offer in this regard?
+Unified Interface and Proactive Security Measures
+Ganz CORTROL software offers a two-way integration with several access control systems, including Keri Systems and Feenics. Both CORTROL Premier and CORTROL Global license editions support this feature without any limitations.
+At the configuration stage, it is the reader list that you receive: CORTROL servers obtain the reader information from the access control systems and bind it to doors in the CORTROL configuration. Exact messages from the readers may depend on the integration, so the available information may vary from system to system. Further, these data can be used to generate events in the Event & Action Configurator and bind them to different actions. For instance, such a setup fits the scenario when you need to receive notifications of unauthorized persons trying to access a specific location. Using actions, you can also send triggers back to the access control software, changing the door status.
+If you have used CORTROL on bigger installations, no doubt, you know CORTROL has interactive maps — either based on an image or on the world map. Door status changes are reflected on maps in CORTROL Monitor, too, if configured. For this, door markers are put onto maps, immediately allowing you to see the door status and also to change it. In addition, miscellaneous system events – DI triggers, user buttons pressed, a face from the whitelist recognized — can be used to change the door status. Using automation instead human control minimizes interaction time, thus helping build a highly efficient system for routine operation.
+CORTROL Monitor application offers advanced investigation based on reader events and cardholder data. The cardholders’ details are entered in the access control system itself, but the search can be performed on the CORTROL side, allowing you to see the events along with the associated video footage. Thus, there is no need to switch to the access control interface if you wish to review the event history.
+Now, how do you set up CORTROL to be smart enough to do this for you?
+Set Up, Configure and Use
+To cut the long story short, let us consider you have got both Ganz CORTROL and your access control system up and running. To establish the connection between the two, follow these steps:
+- make sure the access control software is ready for the incoming third-party connections. Normally, the procedure is described in its user guide: ports to be opened, licenses to be applied etc.,
+- add an access control configuration in CORTROL Console,
+- add doors under this configuration,
+- use them in the status monitoring, live view, investigation mode and, of course, Event & Actionscenarios.
+While the first three stages are typically done by the system administrator or the CCTV engineer, the latter one is for the security people, desk clerks, visitor control officers, and others having limited access to the video management system resources (and not the configuration UI).
+CREATE AN ACCESS CONTROL CONNECTION IN CORTROL
+In your CORTROL Console application, switch to the Access Control under the Configuration section (scroll to the very bottom to find it). Here, you can create a new entry. Note that, depending on the third-party access control engine, the required parameters may vary; for example, for Keri Doors .NET connection you will be requested to enter the port number. For the Keep server (by Feenics) connection, you only need to enter the instance number, as the connection URL is hard-coded.
+Now you can create a new door from the same section by using the drop-down list in the upper panel. If everything is fine and the connection between the modules has been established, you will have a list of readers to pick from. When filling in the details, you will have an opportunity to select a channel: video from this channel will be then associated with the target door, allowing you to view it in the investigation mode in CORTROL Monitor.
+TRACK DOOR STATUS IN CONSOLE
+Once you have added the door configuration, you can check their current state in the Monitoring section of CORTROL Console, under Access Control. Door open state, lock state and other details, if any, are displayed here.
+Track door status in CORTROL Console
+If the connection is still being established as you check the status here, use F5 on your keyboard or the Refresh button on the upper panel to reload the door list.
+PUT DOORS ON THE MAPS
+Why use maps? You can create interactive layouts and put all cameras and doors onto them by using the floor drawings. Floors can be then interlinked, producing a layered building plan.
+You will find the Maps category in CORTROL Console, in the Configuration section. From here, you can add both geo- and image-based maps.
+Create a map and put door markers onto it
+Place as many door markers as you need by dragging and dropping them from the panel above the map preview. For each one, you can select how different door states look like: controls on the right enable you to change both the icon and its color. When you use this map later in the CORTROL Monitor application, the markers will reflect the door status with your defined style. Thus, door status monitoring is possible from the client application without granting user permissions for CORTROL Console access.
+Maps will become interactive in CORTROL Monitor
+Click any door marker on the map to bring up a drop-down menu. The list will include available door actions: lock, unlock, and temporarily unlock the door. This kind of activity will be reflected not only in the Access Control section of CORTROL Monitor but also, as you might expect, in the third party access control module as well.
+IMPLEMENT PREVENTATIVE SECURITY MEASURES
+Whether you have a multi-building project or just a single door installation, access control integration enables you to control the whole facility from one and the same place. And, thanks to the CORTROL Event & Action Configurator feature, a substantial part of these control routines can be automated.
+Here are just a few scenarios (from the whole variety of possible combinations!) offered by CORTROL E&A:
+- If a certain door is opened during after-hours (e.g., at night), notify the security guards with a text message and a sound alert, and send an email notification to the responsible person.
+- When the video goes missing from a critical camera, perform partial facility lockdown. Optionally, manual unlock (override) can be ensured by means of user buttons.
+- Upon an unauthorized access attempt, make a PTZ camera turn to a specific preset and pop up its live video on the screen.
+Unauthorized access may be a situation when someone without any access permissions tries to open a door. Also, this may be a result of someone trying to enter a facility with restricted access, where “restricted” applies to specific hours or shifts. As all door events are logged, you can later investigate the facility access history to verify that only authorized personnel have entered it, and/or to make sure no one is using other people’s access tokens.
+- If a door to a critical area (e.g., server room) is forced open, immediately start emergency recording for a certain amount of time, or until the security officer stops it.
+- When a door is held open for more than 10 seconds, send a pre-configured audio file with an announcement to be played by the adjacent camera.
+CORTROL Event & Action Configurator is available with both CORTROL Premier and CORTROL Global license editions. To set up events and the actions they trigger, you are welcome to use the Events & Actions section of CORTROL Console. There are separate configuration subsections for events and actions. Once these are created, go into the Rules category and create scenarios you want.
+Combine events and actions into rules
+For any existing rule, you can add rule modifiers: schedules, conditions and delay times.
+- Schedules allow you to limit the days and hours, during which the rule is active, e.g., night only, weekends only.
+- Conditions enable you to combine two events to trigger a single action. For example, send out a notification when two doors have the “open” status simultaneously.
+- Delay timers suspend the resulting action for a specified time.
+SUPERVISE AND INVESTIGATE
+When CORTROL Monitor is connected to at least one CORTROL server with an access control configuration, an additional tab appears on the top panel. Access control investigation has the following modes:
+- events: search door events by door, by event, or by cardholder
+- doors: door list with current statuses
+- cardholders: the list of cardholders
+You can filter the events based on the time interval, door name, specific cardholder name, as well as the target event name. For example, you can:
+- see which doors were opened by someone during the day,
+- verify if the person was using their own access tag/card by comparing the cardholder photo to the event video,
+- check the current door status and lock/unlock it manually, if necessary.
+After clicking any event on the list, you can play back the video footage associated with it. (As described earlier in this article, a channel can be bound to a door at the door creation step in CORTROL Console.) Playback appears on the right-hand side, in the form of the instant playback, with all controls usual to the instant playback mode.
+CORTROL Monitor offers investigation mode for access control events
+In the Doors mode, click any door in the list to see its live status. You will also have an opportunity to lock/unlock the door from here. In the Cardholders mode, as you might have already guessed, you will see the list of all cardholders present in the access control module database. If the person entering the cardholders’ list in the access control software cared to add their photos, you will have an opportunity to see the pictures in CORTROL, too. Thus, it is easy to see if there is a match between the footage and the card used to unlock doors.
+Made For Efficient Operations
+Do you still hesitate if the integrated solution is the right thing for you? Let’s sum up what we have here.
+Access control software configuration takes the same time as usual, plus extra fifteen minutes to teach CORTROL to communicate with the third-party engine and receive the door information. In exchange, your security officers get a single user-friendly interface. No more switching from window to window; no need for extra displays for every software client. (Better use the redundant displays for camera live view, right?)
+For typical, routine access control related actions, there is no need to switch to a different user interface, as everything can be done from the CORTROL Monitor application. While every action may take just a second or two, considering the number of such actions during the day, the total amount of optimized time is appreciable. And even the most complex scenarios are fully automated, which means you only set them up once and then enjoy the effect, at the same time sheering away from the human-caused error.
+From the point of view of the access control software, there is no difference if the doors (readers) are controlled from the native interface or from the integrated software. Of course, the integration does not cover everything there possibly is, but incorporating a whole access control engine into VMS would be too much. Instead, the most popular functionality has been brought to you and made available via CORTROL interface.
+Still not convinced? Using an access control system, which is not on our list yet? Let us know !
+Should i buy an essay
+What to look for when buying a used car 'as buy an essay is' carfax. Buy essay online - should i buy business plan pro. You need a website from which one can buy essay online safe and fast. Should you buy an imac pro.
+The ins and should i buy an essay outs of compare and contrast essays. I know i'm one of a great. Each new paragraph should indicate a change of focus. Should children take summer classes. Uk essay writer service: buy custom essays online. We should also refuse to let. I also think if someone can should i buy an essay buy a cigarette, they should also be able to drink alcohol. This essay is buy an essay plantation truly one for the ages. Keep reading to learn why. This should be a high-quality headshot that is well centered and in good focus. I'm glad i decided to work with you. Order now & save 10-50%. Demonstrate your connection to it. Underground steroids super site. Specify degree level needed, the topic and the subject.
+Buy an essay plan template:
+- What essential info should be known;
+- Why you should buy an ipad instead of a macbook for college [back to school] just make sure to buy the apple bluetooth keyboard to write your essays with, because no one wants to type a 2000;
+- Comments sign up or log in to leave a comment;
+- To find the cheap essay writer that has the necessary skills, you only need to have a smallchat with several candidates and pick the one that you like the most;
+- And take note that quality is a must if you want to hit the high marks you have been;
+- Should there be an age limit on cell phones;
+- If you found 100,000 won should i buy an essay (or local currency) in a bag on the street, what would you do;
+Rhetorical analysis essay example #1. You can legally buy essay papers should i buy an essay for whatever purpose you wish. Indicate the methodology and/or the structure of the essay with major sections thesis writing services in indore as well as the structural principle of the essay if possible or necessary. Some text in the modal. If you want us should i buy an essay online to make some changes - send the paper for revision. Now you can put that skill to good help me write my essay free use. If your professor assigned a project and you want to order it online, you can do buy an essay plan templates it at our website.
+Essay writing service - : essay help 24/7. If you have legal concerns about procuring or donating an organ, or other health care law questions, you should speak with an experienced health care attorney near you. A different product name would have helped to leverage expectations, but the result is not reese's strongest offering. Everything you need to know about where can i buy an essay online langen interactive wands at the. Our academic essay writers are experts should i buy an essay online at original compositions, creative writing, and literary analysis. We assure you that the result will be worthy. 100% free ap test prep thesis writing service uk website that offers study material to high school students seeking to prepare for ap exams. You can buy blank cds and dvds in recordable and rewritable formats. Why do we consider the talent buy essay and directly influence the. This type of essay is sometimes called 'for and against' or 'pros and cons'. Buy essay writing is an indispensable assistant in those very moments when the head is spinning on the number of tasks and thoughts, how to accommodate all this in 24 hours so that there is still some time to sleep.
+According to annual internet survey, the web. I will now move faster in my masters nursing program, because i have a worthy partner.
+Where is the best place to buy an essay:
+- It's a good idea to give both sides of the argument before you give your opinion at the end, so it's better to avoid expressions like 'in my opinion' or 'from my point of view' until the last paragraph;
+- Evidence to support a claim in an argumentative essay should be part of the;
+- Simply stated, the question of focus here is whether we as a society should begin paying people for donating their own 10 best resume writing services 2019 or their loved one's organs;
+- We always produce high quality and cheap academic;
+- Controversy rages over the best way to bind the thing;
+- Bplans: business planning resources and document proofreading services free business plan;
+- Dissertation writing services,when should i begin to do this;
+- It's a difference in the price of only , so be sure to double-check;
+- Why should i be ashamed of sugar daddy dating;
+Not only should you analyze customers' reviews, but you should also look for legit reviews only. (gardener 45) read the sentence that appears in an argumentative essay about american public education. As sure as a gun, there are some factors you perhaps know about argumentative essay. On saturday, july 16, 2014 i played in a tennis tournament with a partner that worked at trulia, an online real estate company. We play every advantage is we can connect on the.
+Buy an essay canada:
+- If you think to buy every essay project for the course, you should either make sure that the individual will be proficient to write each document for you, or maintain a copy to forward to another individual so that he or he can match it;
+- Should cigarette smoking be buy an essay plan should look like banned essay : buy essays;
+- You should know the candidate i want to buy an essay in a capacity which gives you the ability to write a meaningful reference;
+I am newbie here, and i should mention that am impressed by the writing i received from authors. Get coursework & essay homework help at marked by. Customers also have a hand in should i buy an essay rewriting and customizing their paper to suit their needs. You can buy essays, buy term papers, and buy research paper from us in all academic fields. Why i gave up a ,000 job to move to an island and scoop.
+Custom essay writing services are rampant on the web nurse writing services these days. To begin with, there are two types of wands, interactive and non. Ib extended essay writing service - buy a essay uk wewriteonline. So the question is, if giving advice doesn't work, what. Add some specific information regarding the style and task volume. Buy essay should i buy an. I think that 18 is also a good voting age, but driving age and military age should be different.
+Should i buy an essay
+Pros, cons and costs explained. An essay is a composition that defends a position or opinion, also called a thesis, that has been put forth by the author. We provide high quality essay writing services on a 24/7 basis. This should be the bulk of your essay; remember to use paragraphs and reference any quotes you use so that the examiner can refer to them in the bibliography. In recent years, there has been a growing trend that people tend to buy things on the internet. The others prefer the children to work because they are manageable and compliant to the employers - it could be put in other words: child slavery. If the field you hope to enter is a low-earning one, try thinking outside the box for lower-cost higher education options. In fact, such an university level essay can serve as a first-rate template for your own future writing. It uses phrases and words that will make your introduction intriguing so that the reader can be engaged. 1500 word essay how many references should i provide. What else should be taken into account. Timely delivery and acceptable prices guarantee. In us, you have that company. Money back guarantee - the company should have a transparent moneyback policy. Should teens be able to buy violent - new york essays. I also want to know the counterargument (rebuff). Nobody would believe how smart you guys how long of an essay should i write for scholarships are without trying your writing services. The apple watch's simple killer app is that it tracks your movement and sends reminders, via both the on-screen. This kind of essay writing is very interesting as you have a chance to improve your critical thinking and writing skills.
+Best websites to buy an essay
+Thesis conclusion - buy help me write an annotated bibliography essay online - cheap essay papers.
+Best places to buy an essay online:
+- How to write a persuasive essay that's convincing;
+- Need a trustworthy and safe academic helper;
+- The chances bjpinchbeck homework help are that these are fake reviews from;
+- Here's a good test to determine whether your essay is quality: copy and paste this;
+- Are essay writing services legal;
+- What do you usually buy;
+- Try to develop clear requirements;
+Why i am not an austrian economist. Each component is important and should be well- written if one plans to receive should i buy an essay a good grade for the descriptive essay. The rote tasks of any information-intensive job can be automated. Rent vs buy calculator: should i rent or buy.
+Buy an essay plane hijacking:
+- We strongly disagree with this opinion;
+- I guess, it is the best prove of quality;
+- Maybe you've always been interested in owning a firearm;
+- Does everything it says it will do and on time;
+- You tried everything in your power to be a better writer, but you finally decided it was resume writing services cleveland oh time to order essay online;
+- However, when you need help with a paper, you should be able to get it from a cheap essay writing company that doesn't burn a hole in your pocket;
+- The legal age to join the military, however;
+- The best quality essay assignments on healthcare issues can be written easily by grabbing the essay writing tips for college assignments from the example essay given here;
+- Should cigarette smoking be banned essay - buy;
+When should you order essay from a pro writer. These are the dissertation writing services scams foods you should actually buy organic self. Students need to write an essay outline to help them organized their thoughts and put major points into paragraphs (walden university nd). An essay about her daughter's mundan, a hindu head-shaving ceremony to rid a baby of negative past-life energy, raises poignant questions about a parent's spiritual responsibility. Essay writing service: urgent help from our terms and conditions writing service online paper. Writing an english extended essay moreover sample self assessment papers, how to write an expository essay hspa in a nutshell buy an essay planning template history free apa paper generator. Buy pdf poster online at our service and descriptive essay help format forget about stress. However,advantage of game is it can play inside a house. Guest essay: new york state should buy american.
+Follow the stock market today should i buy an essay on thestreet. Become a top student easily. At the same time, if you are in a night owl writing services hurry. Before writing your essay, you should know about the layout. Is an on-line writing organization, offering college student essay help all our clients. Cheap essay writing service order essay custom writing. Custom essay writing providers are usually rampant online right now.
+Buy an essay in the uk:
+- The impulsive buy - junk food and fast food reviews and;
+- For example, introduction should be followed by a thesis statement that deals with the main idea of a paper and limits the field of knowledge under investigation;
+- In case something goes wrong with your order, you should always have a chance to get your money back;
+We have writers from all areas of study. The definition of a cheap essay writing service underlines the fact that you as a client will get the kind ofcontent that meets all of your requirements. I should probably do my homework custom college christmas carol essay writing me with my paper. Over packaging is a waste of resources and leads should i buy an essay to environmental damage. And this is when taking into account only us grown products.
+To buy an essay:
+- It is an exception from the;
+- You should use these essay questions to prepare ideas for topics;
+- If you find academic writing hard, you'll benefit from best essay should i buy an essay help available online;
+- The wider the aperture the more light can come in and a bigger sensor means the camera should perform better in low light;
+- Money back guarantee fair refund policy;
+- When you buy essay from us, it is a guarantee that they are never re-sold or published elsewhere, thus ensuring originality of each and every essay order we complete;
+- Writing is both my vocation and my avocation; that's all i do;
+- Should cigarette smoking be banned essay are quite concerned way to ensure that your requests for a academic competence;
+Well, don't hesitate with this. Is there a statistical advantage to applying early or not. The short essay has to be only half a page long; it should also have quite a catchy topic. Should i buy an essay online need someone to write my essay. Having a friend read the essay helps writers edit with a fresh perspective. Should cigarette smoking be banned essay make the life your essay to buy an essay plan template word be writing assistant because in you can just. They are commonly assigned in order to help tutors evaluate a student's ability to categorize data based on certain properties.
+Look at these posts:
+- Buy argumentative research essay
+- Write my essay best site
+- Maths homework help online free
+- Purchase summary report
+- Check my essay for me
+Our site map
+The new reality Jesus proclaimed was nonviolent . . . The church must affirm nonviolence without reservation because nonviolence is the way God’s domination-free order is coming . . . Jesus has never seemed more relevant. The world has never been more ready.
+Walter Wink, Engaging the Powers
+It may be the warmest, most intimate memory with my father. The picture in my mind is vivid. Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 6:30 to 7:00 my dad and I listened to the “Lone Ranger.” I picture him stretched out on a chaise lounge sofa with me sitting on its edge and the bronze radio a few feet away. For thirty minutes we are huddled together in a bubble of shared imagination. This regular ritual continued from about my seventh to tenth year.
+But more was happening than just a warm, memorable experience with my father. When Walter Wink and his award-winning book, Engaging the Powers, appeared in my life in 1992 our Lone Ranger experience took on deeper meaning. Each Lone Ranger episode followed the same pattern, a pattern also consistent with the other prominent cartoons of the day — Popeye, Batman, Superman, Captain Marvel and others. This same pattern runs through the high-tech games that currently occupy the imagination of our youth.
+The pattern. The Lone Ranger and Tonto are the good guys pitted against the bad guys. It looks like the bad guys will win until the good guys somehow overpower the evil threat. And, at the end, the Lone Ranger and Tonto ride away victorious, leaving me as a young boy enamored with their moral greatness and wondering “who is this masked man?” Similarly, Popeye, protecting Olive against the brute Bluto, would at the last minute from the spinach infusion of power pummel him to near death.
+Wink makes a bold claim. He builds a case that these seemingly inconsequential childhood stories quietly condition us with the dominant spirituality in America. He sees this same socialization occurring from the stories we tell about our history and current events. This secular spirituality, or if you prefer, this pervasive ideology Wink names the myth of redemptive violence.
+Let’s break this bold assertion down into parts. Violence is destructive, overpowering acts that demean human dignity and soul with the goal of winning at all cost (the end justifies the means), as in “winning” an argument or “winning a war.” Redemptive violence is the assumption — violence redeems, violence saves, violence wins, violence deters aggressors, violence solves problems, violence brings peace, violence is trustworthy, violence eradicates evil. Myth is a worldview or belief or narrative that mirrors a particular view of reality. We all have myths or narratives through which we see the world.
+Let’s return to the Lone Ranger myth. He and Tonto redeem or save an evil situation by overpowering the enemy through violence, usually gun violence. They are righteous, the opposition is evil. Within the Lone Ranger himself there is no sign of ambiguity, no sense of internal contradiction, no trace of sin, no hint of evil. What fear or outrage he feels is projected on to the face of the enemy. The evil is “out there” to be destroyed. As a young boy, I was being invited to identify with the good guys, to feel righteous, superior, and justified in overpowering what or whoever opposes me.
+Walter Wink opened my eyes in 1992. I began to see this myth of redemptive violence everywhere. I observed it being played out on macro and micro levels, for example, from the macro event of forcing with violence democracy (a nonviolent form of government) in the Near East to the micro violence of “winning” an argument with a friend or spouse through a power-play of some form.
+Other examples are plentiful. These come to mind: countering murdering by killing murderers; stopping children fighting by spanking them; maintaining control in the home through physical or psychological abuse; establishing security with more guns for citizens; annihilating the evil of terrorism; declaring war on poverty or drugs; defining opposing leaders as enemies, not colleagues; winning the best divorce settlement by whatever means possible.
+In all these illustrations of conflict, and those that come to your mind, the desired solution is accomplished through violence, that is, some method of overpowering the other. But this for me is the new insight — all of these violent actions are efforts to save or redeem some problematic situation, large or small.
+In retirement I have worked with inmates in a nearby maximum-security prison. Even they, at the moment of their violent act, felt they were solving a problem. They were trying to save or achieve something vital to them.
+This pattern of redeeming through violence is an assumption so entrenched in our culture that to think otherwise requires a deliberate, conscious effort. For most of us it’s just the way life works. It’s so common we don’t name it as insane. We don’t notice that violence always breeds more violence.
+More to the point of our vocation, I want to name some ways that Wink’s wisdom affected my ministry: understanding of Jesus, understanding leadership and understanding my inner life.
+* * *
+During seminary years and in my early years as a pastor, like many of my peers I was inspired by Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement for racial equality. Along with the nation, I watched the power of social change through nonviolent action. I read in King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail about the concept of breaking an unjust law in obedience to the higher law of justice. Along with an alarmed world, I saw its cost and redemptive power embodied in the children being hosed to their knees on the streets in Birmingham. They and others in the movement absorbed the suffering and loved in return. I knew at the time that Gandhi’s wisdom was informing King, and Leo Tolstoy was informing Gandhi, and all of them were informed by the Sermon on the Mount.
+But Wink took me to another level by grounding this wisdom in the very core of Jesus. It was as if Wink was focusing my camera lens. He gave me not a new Jesus, but a clearer Jesus. Direct nonviolent behavior was not just a way for social change. It is the way to live your life. It’s the way Jesus lived and died.
+Underneath all this capacity to live nonviolently is Jesus’ rock-bottom conviction, the central commandment — connecting loving God to loving the neighbor (the “other”) as yourself. On the deepest level the “other” is part of you, you are part of the “other.” I acknowledge it does not look that way. We can’t see how deeply we are connected with all that lives around us. But we are. According to Jesus and current physicists, we are profoundly “quantum entangled.” This means what happens to you affects me and vice versa. If this invisible connection is true — for sure, a radical shift in worldview — then any violence toward our neighbor (including the earth) is violence to ourselves. And conversely, as strange as it seems, loving our enemy is a form of loving ourselves.
+Let’s assume, as Jesus does, that reality in its essence is relational. Simply, life is relationship. Furthermore, in most relationships some have the power to dominate and violate — what Wink calls domination systems. Predictably when conflicts occur within these relationships, the myth of redemptive violence is activated. Those with the power, either in overt or covert ways, dominate or oppress the other as the way to reestablish comfort and order.
+Jesus offers another stance, another kind of power, a third option to fleeing and fighting. We watch him taking stands in the face of dominating power, not fleeing in fear, not responding with escalating violence. He never “takes the bait.” Neither does he define the opposing “other” as foe or victim. The enemy, according to Jesus’ behavior, is to be loved, not hated; prayed for, not ignored; valued, not demonized. We follow his life with amazement, watching him always on the lookout for a third way beyond the polarizing differences fueled by domination.
+I hasten to add that to follow this nonviolent third way of Jesus is not only costly. It’s impossible. Our determined will-power to be like Jesus is futile. To follow this alternative way is to be driven to prayer. Only with God’s power as Abba, Spirit and Christ within us can we approximate this Love.
+The re-frame is Wink’s gift. He deepened my awareness of the radical good news of Jesus. Against the backdrop of the myth of redemptive violence — the favored secular religion of our time — Jesus could not be more relevant. The church, if willing to offer and embody this radical option of Jesus, could not be in a better position. Without soft-pedaling the cost of those who choose this Way — after all, to love is to suffer with and for — Wink writes of the joy of participating in nonviolent behavior that is history’s only alternative to non-existence. The spiral of redemptive violence spawned within Domination Systems, unless checked, will lead to the non-existence of life as we know it. The Jesus vision is not only relevant, it is urgent.
+* * *
+And Wink’s understanding influenced my way of leading as a pastor. I have already mentioned one example in another re-frame on the “angel” of a congregation. But, beyond that insight, Wink challenged me to see leadership through the lens of redemptive nonviolence. I mention a few examples.
+At a point in my ministry I was planning to change a staff configuration. I wanted a part-time person to become full time and in the process change her focus. Time was short to make this change. I mentioned this hope of mine to a supportive member of the congregation. Matt, let’s call him, immediately became invested in helping me create a strategy for achieving my goal. With a spark in his eyes, he said, “Mahan, let’s figure out your allies. Then let’s name your opposition.” Before I knew it, I was swept up into a strategy to overtake the opposition and win what I wanted. But, thankfully, I woke up, seeing it as a violent plan of action. The more collaborative process, a bit long and messy, yielded a conclusion opposed to my original goal. It became a gentle reminder that this congregation belonged to them, not to me. After all, we are “interim” pastors, privileged to be present only for a season.
+Another example of Wink’s wisdom impacting my leadership occurred during a denominational crisis. For reasons I need not elaborate, I became a point person to be attacked in the effort of one faction of our denomination to overpower another faction. I was the enemy. In their mind I must be eliminated. Devious strategies were implemented to discredit me — taping my talks without permission, quoting me out of context, mounting a campaign to fire me as an adjunct professor and “dis-fellowship” our congregation from the denomination on local, state and national levels. They were successful on all points.
+I happened to be reading Wink during those years. He gave me a way to see what was happening. These leaders, within my family of faith, saw me as a threat to their vision of our denomination. They were trying to save, to redeem what they feared was being undermined. They were working for redemption. The end — saving the denomination — justified any violent means. I, and those like me, were a cancer to the body that must be destroyed. That’s the conventional approach to cancer.
+This knowing didn’t produce any joy but it did help me understand. In understanding I could carry it all more lightly as a season of conflict that would eventually pass. Wink also challenged me to look for active, nonviolent ways of responding. Sometimes I found them, sometimes I didn’t.
+At every point in our leadership amid conflict these Wink glasses are there to be picked up. These lenses will bring into focus the power dynamics at work in all relationships. And with such awareness come options.
+* * *
+The strongest payoff from reading Wink’s Engaging the Powers is in the relationship with myself. And, not only does Wink speak about this inner work, he, with considerable vulnerability, takes us into his own violence against himself. The myth of redemptive violence, so pervasive in our culture, is internalized in all of us. It’s the log in our own eye that keeps us from seeing, not just any splinter in another person’s eye, but hinders our seeing the violence we do to ourselves. Living nonviolently is largely an inside job. This is the place to start — our internal violence.
+Just listen to the voices in your head. Your inner voices might be similar to mine. I hear the voice, “You’re not enough. That sermon or idea or pastoral response was not good enough. You can do better. Try harder. Do more. Work harder.” This voice blesses excessive over-functioning that never counts the cost of physical, emotional and spiritual exhaustion that eventually sets in.
+Another voice is full of fear. “I fear exposure. I fear being caught in my inadequacy. I fear failure. So, play it safe, don’t risk, hold back.” Another voice is anger. “Who can I blame? Who is at fault? Not me. Who needs to change for me to feel better?”
+You know your own self-talk. You also have turned to various modalities that help in understanding these inner parts of yourself. But this insight from Wink might be new to you as it was for me. These self-judgments, he is saying, are a form of redemptive violence internalized. This means that these violent, inner voices are for, not against us. They are attempts to help us, save us, redeem us. They are loud in their desire to assist us in reaching our goals.
+Yet these violent messages against ourselves, while attempting to be redemptive, are destructive. Violence is violence. What is true externally is true internally. Violence breeds violence.
+Yet, like the Lone Ranger, I want to see myself as right, on the righteous side of conflict. How uncomfortable it is to say, “I am violent to myself. I can be an enemy of myself.” And we all know what happens next. To maintain the illusion of being right we must project our uncomfortable feelings of fear, guilt, shame and anger onto the face of some “other.” We must keep evil and wrong “out there.” The Lone Ranger, as you may recall, had no sense of inner contradiction or evil. For him the enemy was external and must be overcome. Remember, he’s the “masked” man.
+I’m challenged by Wink’s conviction that the practice of loving your enemy is the acid test of discipleship in our time. He keeps lifting up the central place of nonviolence and love of enemies in Jesus’ teaching, life and death.
+But I am more challenged by the practice of loving the enemy within. According to Wink it means allowing God’s love to engage these voices of “not enough,” fear, shame, anger and self-despising. It means loving yourself with God’s power to heal and transform. Indeed, God’s assurance of grace is the very strength needed to engage these inner, potent, self-judgmental voices. If John the Baptist declared, “Repent and be forgiven,” Jesus declared, “Be forgiven and repent.” God’s forgiveness comes first. It is security of God’s nonviolent, unconditional love that grants us the courage to face the ways we are violent to ourselves. Internally, as well as in external relationships, it is only this force of nonviolent love that truly saves and redeems.
+Strange as it might read, the enemy, both internally and externally, turns out to be a gift. The enemy, both within and beyond, reveals what we would not otherwise see. These opposing powers smoke us out and compel us to acknowledge what is being denied, hidden and projected. Only then do the resources of confession and forgiveness make sense. Our inner violence can propel us toward God. This vulnerability of seeing the ways we violate ourselves is a doorway into freedom and grace.
+These words of Thomas Merton to his friend Jim Forest stopped me in my tracks with conviction when I first read them.
+. The frenzy of our activity neutralizes our work for peace. It destroys our own inner capacity for peace. It destroys the fruitfulness of our own work, because it kills the root of inner wisdom which makes work fruitful.”
+Wink’s concept of facing and then loving the enemy within puts in perspective Merton’s confrontation. It’s the inner work that makes the outer work of nonviolent shalom-oriented ministry possible.
+I hope you can feel my gratitude for this New Testament scholar who wrote for church leaders like us. He focused my lens, making clearer the urgent relevance of Jesus by showing his embodiment of nonviolence within a violent world. This changed my teaching, preaching and pastoral leadership — a re-frame that mattered.
+The visa application is always unique. No matter how many instructions and guidelines you follow- your case will be different from the next person's. That’s why it is always a good idea to start working on your visa application as early as possible.
+I have discussed all the steps of UK Visa application for PLAB 2 in three parts. You can give them a read to have a total idea of how to attempt at the whole application process.
+This post I will discuss more on the FINANCES which logically falls . . .
+What if ur sponsor is not related to you at all by profession nor biologically but a close family friend?
+How would u prove the sponsorship is credible?
+This is because I was refused visa on this criteria even though I provided all the documents u listed above.
+Thank you, Ivan, for your informative posts. I like to know one more thing. I intend to present two guarantor. One is my father who is the main one, and other is my wife as a reserve one. Is this okay? If it is then should I send two separate… Read more »
+Thanks for the nice post . I want to know something. I was working in a hospital for 1 yr and nine months. i didn’t withdraw maximum money from my salary account. now i’m working another hospital for 2 months. what should i do ?? should i put my previous… Read more »
+Can a close family friend who is a UK citizen be a sponsor? What documents would be needed from him to strengthen the visa application process?
+hi Evan…thank you for all these valuable info….I would like to know one thing though….is it imperative to include documents of land besides liquid assets?or I can submit the letter without that info?thanks in advance…
+Hey! Thank you for clearing up a lot of doubts, I have a question: 1. you mentioned in your blogpost that if my financial sponsor is a UK national, they need to fill out the sponsorship form instead of getting an affidavit: my uncle is a UK national who is… Read more »
+Hi I need to clarify something, I am being sponsored entirely by a company. One of the directors of the company is my Aunts husband who is very close to our family which is why I am receiving the sponsorship. I want to know, do i need to show proof… Read more »
+Hey if i show my dad’s company as my sponsor and give the company’s bank statements and solvency, do i still need to provide company details like trade license/tax returns and all that?
+Can my dads friend sponsor me? what should i add to prove he is willing to support me?m
+Hello, thankyou for clearing alot of doubts, really appreciate that
+Could you please tell me if i can extend my visitor visa, if yes, then what is the process??
+Hello. Firstly thank you for the great article and help. I have booked my PLAB 2 for Dec 4 2018 and my Hamed’s course from 8-22 november. I want to apply for Visa by End of August. My funds by then will be 5300 GBP- I calculated and it is… Read more »
+Heey. Your article is Godsend. thank you for making things clearer! I have a confusing situation I hope you can help me with. My father is my financial sponsor for the trip to the UK. The currency of the bank account he is giving me USD. It is the income… Read more »
+is the proof of home address a must, all of our bills contain are issued in the name of the owner not to the home address , also the land deed only contains the registration number not the direct address of my house, can I simply explain this in the… Read more »
+Hi Ivan, first of all i am really grateful for your detailed blog. I have A query, i hope you can sort it out for me. I am going to apply for visitor visa for the purpose of plab 2 exams. My father is going to be my sponsor, since… Read more »
+Dr Ivan can you please help me.i am not employed right now, since i am preparing for plab exams. And i dont have sufficient balance in account. However my father will be my sponsor who is retired for the last 8 years. He has no pension but he has saved… Read more »
+Will this letter and copy of certificates be sufficient to convince visa officers. My father is no longer earning now. my father is being provided with sufficent funds by the bank for sustainance.
+My father is financing my trip and I have his 6 months bank statement to show them, however I am working as well, so do I have to show my bank statements of 6 months? Can I show a bank state of 3 months instead? Is the 6 months necessary?
+Good day doctor, thank you so much for this post. I am being paid in cash and i deposit the money in my account, however, I don’t spend from it thereafter. Can i still use this account and explain that my parents give me money for upkeep or is this… Read more »
+Hello Ivan. Thanks for all the helpful information. If I state in my visa application that I’ll be spending 1 month in the UK,does it mean I can’t stay more than that duration in any circumstances? I also read in other places that mentioning that you’ll attend an academy usually… Read more »
+Dear Ivan, I’ve booked PLAB 2 on 06/06/2019, and I’ve been planning to stay in the UK from 10/04/19 to 08/06/19. I’ve savings of around 6400 GBP(as Sonchoypotro) and my wife has about 4600 GBP savings as Sonchoypotro. Can I sponsor myself with this amount of money and add my… Read more »
+Hi there,very informative blog and posts.Thanks both of you!I have a query of mine regarding mentioning this property in visa application which my grandparents and parents have recently gifted me.how do I justify buying it since currently I myself can’t afford to buy it.Is it justified to tell that this… Read more »
+Dear Ivan, Well, i’m in a bit of a binding situation here. I firstly opted to show my father ( a lawyer) as my sponsor, but his account (the main one) has stayed idle with huge transactions dating back 1-1.5yrs back. Recently, he acquired a lumpsum amount from selling property… Read more »
+Hi I previously took a loan for personal reasons,the loan takes monthly deductions from my salary.With my previous job the deductions left me with hardly enough sums but am employed in a different hospital and being twice what I was previously receiving, but its been less than 6 months. In… Read more »
+Hello. Can someone tell me is it reasonable if i sponsor myself for the plab2 since i currently have a stable job ?and regarding the papers to submit do i give papers related to my permanent address??
+Thanks in advance 🙂
+Hello sir, thank you for the valuable information. I would like to clarify about the readily available money for my trip that i need to show. My father is my sponsor and he has the sufficient amount of money that i am intending to show, however it is just maintained… Read more »
+Dr Ivan, I don’t have my father, but my brother and brother in law is employed. Will i be able to show both of them as my sponsors. If so, my brother in law is employed in the US. Whether it is ok to show his account as sponsor account.… Read more »
+Sir I had taken hand loan of 5 lak for a different purpose from my professor to my account, but I have proper financial aid (father and mother’s account) and l am showing them as my sponsor . I can explain or get a letter from my professor for the… Read more »
+Hello Dr Ibrahim. May Allah reward you and your team for helping people with their queries and for creating this knowledgable blog. I have booked for 2019 March plab 1 in my current country of residence, U.A.E . My sister’s wedding is in the U.K in June 2019 . My… Read more »
+Thnx a lot Bro..my father would be my sponsor insha-ALLAH..he is a professor in Chittagong University…u knw like the other govt people,my father got a provident fund..would it be counted as liquid asset ??
+Hello,Thanks alot for clearing many doubts.I have few questions to ask to you. For my Uk visa I want to show my father as my sponsor as I am unemployed now.He is a retired government engineer and getting his pension regularly.I want to show my father’s and mother’s joint account… Read more »
+Hi there, I had a query regarding the bank statement . I have read that we need to explain if we have any major transaction coming into our account just before the visa interview date . I have transferred a big amount around 2 months ago to my relative’s account… Read more »
+does the letter of support need to be authorized from any official, or just written and signed by my sponsor ?
+As regards to the Affidavit of sponsorship, Is it mandatory to be signed by a Notary??
+Is it fine to write it and just signed by the sponsor?
+Dear Sir, Thankyou for the valuable posts. My question is On how to prove my fathers (my sponsor) stability as he does not use his bank account regulary for deposition of earnings from his businesses because they are mostly cash-in-hand transactions (real estate/hotel services/notary), therefore what other documents that can… Read more »
+Thank you for the great article, Sir. Your blog has been truly helpful. I wanted to ask a question, My sponsorer will be transferring her PF(Provident funds) to her savings account to show the required amount of money I will be showing in her account. Is that okay? Or will… Read more »
+Thanks for your nice write up.i have a query.my father is a retired person.his money is in FDR form in one bank.from there he used to take interest 3 monthly.now my question is will i be able to show that fdr money and my father as my sponsor??? Thanks in… Read more »
+Hello Dr Ivan,
+After printing the bank statement, solvency certificate and transaction , my father ( the sponsor) took out all the money he had for another purpose. Will they check with bank about his bank balance ?
+Am I in trouble ?
+which is better, sponsor with a bank statement of proper current balance and low monthly income. or a sponsor with a high monthly income but a lesser current balance (due to recent big withdrawal)??
+Hi Dr. Ivan, I wrote in my cover letter that I have 2 sponsors, when it come to the application filling asking how much money my sponsor would spend.. Should I divide the amount of money that I’ll spend between them or write the whole amount in each sponsor’s details??… Read more »
+For plab 2 visa can I attach printout of bank E statements , or should these E statements needs to be signed and stamped by the bank.
+if i apply for the uk visa through a financial guarantor, can i i apply for a long term visa of 2 years?
+or does it have to to be the short term of 6 months?
+I am in a job for five months and they pay my salary in cash . They do not pay through bank account. They provided me salary certificate plus pay slips of five months. They also provided me leave letter for UK visit. So, while applying Visa for plab 2… Read more »
+Hi,you have mentioned everything clearly.but I want to know something as it’s a most important issue.i want to show my father as my sponsor who is currently retired and his all money is deposited in one bank from their he used to get money 3 monthly.how I will show this… Read more »
+hi dr.ivan and thank you for such a detailed article.i have a few queries and i would be grateful if you could help me clear them up. 1.i am married and currently staying in a different country than my home country.would i be able to get a visa by staying… Read more »
+Hello! What if I plan to do a tour after PLAB1, around Netherlands and France, should I still add that to my expense list here or is that for the Shengen visa? Thank you!
+I am employed but according to some issues the hospital cant give my salary by a bank account but i take my salary cash . can i mention that i am employed with cash salary without a bank statement ? knowing that i am going to depend on my father… Read more »
+Thanks for the post, my father has 3 bank accounts, should i have all three accounts’ bank statements? Also, i have made some withdrawls from my account, about 20k PKR for some personal expenses. Do i need to show evidence for this as well as i don’t have the receipts… Read more »
+Vaiya, from the Post office they told me me to type out the letter and take it to them…… does that mean, i can just modify this Solvency cert, and take it to them?
+thank you so much for the guidance, my mother had a fixed deposit that matured in february, and we saved it again as a fixed deposit in a another bank, which is a new account, 3 monthly fixed deposit scheme, i dont have any pictures of the previous FD ,… Read more »
+Greeting RoadToUK team, thank u for guiding us. I have a query regarding my financial support. My case is a bit different and the given article doesn’t cover it fully. I am unemployed for the past 8 months that is why my father, who is in the UAE, is sponsoring… Read more »
+In recent times, individuals have actually been impacted by their level of self-worth as well as have actually gone to the limits of searching for means to make themselves really feel good concerning themselves. The male sex has actually really been topics of such insecurities especially when it comes to the size of their penis. Several of them have tried to find secure and also effective ways of expanding their penis without the use of pills. With such concerns, they have learnt that the best means of expanding the size of their penis is by use of a penile extender. It has actually been seen to have no side effects as well as one of the most recommended penile extenders are the Size Genetics, The Quick Extender Pro and the Phallosan Specialty. Each of them has its very own attributes and functions which have been acutely reviewed listed below:
+How To Tell If I Need A Bigger Penis Vacuum Cylinder
+1. The Quick Extender Pro
+It was established and produced in the UNITED STATES. It has actually been considered the most reliable penile extender for those males that have the desire to boost the girth and length of their penis. It has also been attended reorganize the curvature of a penis to a preferable state. It is effective with its deployment of the Penis Traction technique. It is through this method that a healthy and balanced rise in girth and length is easily accomplished. The overall process of stretching has no discomfort and it makes use of DSS Enhanced Comfort Innovation. This form of technology is fairly appropriate as well as convenient because it makes the extender comfortable to endure all the times. Its ease is seen since it does not meddle with an individual’s regular routine.
+The Quick Extender Pro was manufactured by a reputable and also dependable firm. The item experienced extensive analysis prior to maybe launched to the market. The doctor had to make certain that it was risk-free and could not bring any damage to the customer. The convenience and rate to which it was implied to show results were likewise determined as well as determined. In addition, the incorruptible firm ensured the price of the extender was cost effective to all that needed it. There has actually been utmost proof that the device is the very best option for those seeking accomplishing all-natural penis development. Its level of convenience is seen where one can quickly use it from the convenience of his residence as well as the item itself was relatively valued.
+How To Tell If I Need A Bigger Penis Vacuum Cylinder
+2. Phallosan Strong suit
+This form of a penile extender is designed to be vacuum or rod-based. This is the function that offers the extender its distinct as well as one-of-a-kind quality. The genuine function has an included benefit that enables a private to use it at any moment of day. Despite the ability to put on the extender during the night, one can perform his tasks with no kind of interruption. Its rate is fairly convenient as well as budget-friendly to all guys looking for the service it gives. The Phallosan Specialty is helpful in a way that its effects often tend to last for a long period of time. Such a privilege is achieved with the release of the penis grip technology.
+On top of that, the Phallosan Strong suit cultivates the development and advancement of both the shaft as well as cells on the glans. It does this by boosting the stretching of the penis. The area developed is then occupied with brand-new as well as healthy and balanced cells. The stretching enables the penis to increase in size and become larger while changing the curve of the penis to a beneficial state.
+The Phallosan Specialty penile extender has been evaluated and also examined thoroughly prior to being allowed the marketplace. It has actually been attended meet all the needed medical demands via lots of critical trials. In addition, the medical tool lugs the CE symbol which shows overall approval by qualified specialists.
+3. Dimension Genetics
+It is an efficient item indicated for restructuring the penis curvature into a much more better nature as well as instructions. The consumers have actually ensured a pleasurable as well as comforting experience with using this gadget. It has a beneficial stress of 2800g with a material constructed from light height that helps with efficacious lead to penis elongation. The light elevation product makes it feasible for men to utilize the tool for long periods of time with no type of discomfort.
+The extender has undergone supervision and also analysis where positive evaluations have actually been created concerning it. The testimonials have suggested just how the device guarantees quick and also effective results. It has spring-loaded joints with a CE health stamp that reveals its authorization by doctor.
+The tool also uses the penis traction innovation which is constructive in stretching the penis and also enhancing its length. The stretch kinds splits where healthy and balanced cells create and become firm while holding sufficient blood. The clinical extender makes sure a smooth circulation as well as circulation of blood which is necessary for the proper performance of the penis.
+How To Tell If I Need A Bigger Penis Vacuum Cylinder
+In retrospection to the above, it can be seen exactly how reliable as well as convenient penile extenders are contrasted to the use of tablets. Modern modern technology has actually made improvements when it pertains to penile extenders which are risk-free for those seeking penis augmentation. It is crystal clear that making use of penile extenders is easier and healthy as contrasted to tablets.
+The dick cot is an all-natural penis enhancement tool that enables men to obtain a feel for the outcomes they can anticipate from these various penis enlargement methods. The penis enhancement market is massive, as well as firms are contending for your interest. You have to consider how much you agree to pay for this type of info. Some companies will certainly provide you a possibility to try totally free examples of their item prior to you acquire.
+Other firms will offer you free examples of their item for your point of view. You may want to attempt a few different companies out prior to you pick one to attempt. You may locate a brand name or a kind of penis augmentation pill that functions better for you than another. There are numerous variables to think about, but a penis stretcher is a terrific means to start looking into every one of the options out there. You can do the very same thing, the pharmaceutical business are doing, when they are trying to determine which of their lots of male improvement items are best.
+When you contrast the results from the top man enhancement pills, penis enhancement cot, and penis cots, you can see that there isn’t a comparison that can be made that won’t be true. A few of these items are truly great, as well as some are actually bad. You need to review consumer testimonials concerning the most preferred items so you can make an informed decision based upon the experience of others. Selecting the very best penis augmentation pill isn’t always a very easy job, however you can utilize the cock cot as your guide.
+Today we are going to talk about an extremely interesting topic, just how to prolong your penis. Penis dimension has actually come to be virtually an issue of media fixation in recent years. There are also a lot of put on the internet where you can obtain different “just how to prolong your penis” ideas and also methods. While I make certain that a number of these approaches will function, I have directly discovered that a few are way over advertised and don’t actually do anything to help raise the size of your penis.
+The first thing that needs to be stated about exactly how to prolong your penis is that there is no magic stretching approach that will quickly add inches to your participant. The entire concept of penis enhancement is simply a rip-off. I indicate, what sort of salesperson would certainly market something that really did not work? The only method to enlarge your penis is with natural methods.
+How To Tell If I Need A Bigger Penis Vacuum Cylinder
+Natural penis improvement stretches are typically accomplished by a mix of exercises as well as stretches. Exercises, which are known as jelqing, are made use of to force even more blood right into the penis. This extra blood, when contributed to the already existing blood, will certainly create a penis length increase. A good quality set of jelqing exercises should create some remarkable gains in penis size within just a couple of weeks. These type of exercises can additionally be carried out with no gadgets.
+Stretching is one more typical method that is used to add inches to the penis. This specific stretching technique is called milking the penis. The concept behind this technique is to extend the penis slowly, via milking, stretching as well as drawing. This ought to be integrated with routine self pleasure, so that the penis obtains made use of to the brand-new extended size.
+Exactly how to prolong your penis is very important, due to the fact that sex without it leaves a man with a sensation of incomplete. Several guys, who are not able to preserve an erection long enough to have satisfying sex, frequently criticize the lack of ability on their uncertainty. When you really feel excellent concerning yourself, you are more likely to have far better sex, due to the fact that you really feel much more certain. Having a larger penis can improve your self-confidence substantially.
+Another reason that penis enlargement exercises are very crucial to learn exactly how to prolong your penis is because of the psychological benefit that it can have. It has been verified that exercising the penis regularly produces an increase in power, which can bring about higher sexual efficiency and also more intense climaxes. If you’ve ever before had a climax that was out of view, you understand just how powerful an experience it can be. Often climaxes are missed out on simply due to the fact that a male wasn’t focused sufficient during the act to be able to get it done correctly.
+If you want to gain control over your erections and have better sex, you ought to take into consideration making use of penis extenders. Penis extenders are gadgets that are generally put on when you sleep that produce slight stress on the penis over time. This can lead to increased penis size gradually. Penis extenders work by applying constant pressure to the penis for a number of hrs every day. This pressure normally expands the penis with time.
+Understanding how to expand your penis as well as gain size is very essential for any person that is worried about his/her sex life. If you have had a sexless partnership in the past or any problems with ejaculation, you may locate that using penis extenders can help you have much better sex and attain far better results in the bedroom. Beginning finding out more today!
+Penis extenders are available in a range of different designs and versions. You can acquire one of these gadgets that use weights to place constant pressure on your penis. This can be useful if you desire all-natural outcomes, however it can additionally be a little unpleasant for lots of guys. You can also choose a penis extender that is managed electrically or by using an unique penis pump.
+When you are finding out exactly how to prolong your penis and also gain size, you ought to make certain that you select the device that is finest fit to your requirements. Some extenders can cause damages to your penis if worn improperly. You should select a penis extender that fits comfortably along with those that are made for a comfy fit. You should see to it that you have utilized the device for an affordable amount of time prior to buying it.
+Understanding exactly how to prolong your penis and gain size can be done by acquiring one of the various items that are readily available today. This can be done at your neighborhood department store or shopping online. You will certainly have the ability to discover many terrific products that can help you attain the outcomes that you want. If you adhere to the suggestions that you have actually found out right here, you will have the ability to choose the penis extenders that function the best for you.
+A penis extender, additionally known as penis stretcher, is a clinical apparatus with strong unscientific proof for Peyronie’s problem as of late 2021. Primarily, it imitates a constant mechanical traction device which stretches the penis at the drooping state in order to make it much longer completely. The grip is achieved by using a continual force with using a variable tension springtime. It is expected to extend the tissue of the penis right into the perpendicular setting while extending it exterior.
+Peyronie’s problem is triggered due to the failing of the human body to achieve the physiological requirements needed for normal development of tissues, particularly the shaft of the penis. The disorder results in atrophy of the cells and also the gradual withdrawing of the tissue in the direction of the belly triggers substantial loss of bone mass and also the subsequent decrease in penile size. This problem is further exacerbated by the relentless erectile dysfunction, the chronic urinary system retention as well as the lowered sex-related capacity. All these aspects force the man to look for means to prolong his penis dimension.
+The penis extenders which are marketed today have been examined over several years in various medical tests. The tool uses a clinical quality phallosan foam which has actually been scientifically verified to assist the penis extend by as long as twelve inches in less than 3 months. The device also includes a clinical grade silicone elastomeric compound which has actually been medically verified to assist the device lengthen by as long as twelve inches in less than three months. Fundamentally, the most effective penis extenders on the marketplace today assist guys to raise their penile length as well as girth.
+Not all penis extenders on the market are made equal. To locate the ones that offer the best results, you need to check out both leading devices, the Quick Extender Pro as well as the Extender System. The Quick Extender Pro is the newer of both tools as well as is also the much more expensive one. The reason for the added expenditure is that it is one of the most innovative as well as has the ability to expedite the procedure of penis augmentation by as much as twelve inches in under 3 months. It has a medical grade phalloplasty foam which when integrated with its other all-natural components like the Kegel exercise program provides the customer a much more fast result.
+On the other hand, the Extender System is the most convenient penis extenders to use as well as is more reliable for those who are looking to enhance penis size. The fundamental principle of this penis extenders is based on the Jelqing workout approach that has actually been utilized for thousands of years to boost the penis dimension in men. The basic strategy is to be able to hold your penis put up while it is at a semi-erect setting. You then develop a vacuum cleaner around the head of the penis, which boosts blood flow and also growth to the cells present in the penis.
+After my week from hell, I’d managed to summon enough energy to start my (unpaid) training at the Harlem restaurant. Though my serving skills and shorthand were rustier than I’d expected, I’d proven competent and friendly enough to be among the staff there. I’d even met the owner of the restaurant who made it her business to remain warm and friendly with me during the busiest of times: Sunday Brunch. I was thrilled to be surrounded by good food, and hard-working people, but I also felt that the work being done was much harder than it needed to be.
+In London, I worked diligently as a waiter, even setting a record for most tips received at my particular branch during my second month there. Serving comfort food, however, to greedy Harlemites after church or foreign tourists getting their voyeuristic fix was more taxing than serving the high end, suburban clientele I’d once served on the murky, yet lovely Thames River. Still, I gave it a go…for free. Deep in my mind, I’d believed I’d been given this opportunity to train because it would eventually become my new -hopefully lucrative- job. I mean, it happened so quickly that that had to be the reasoning behind it, right?
+The next week, I wasn’t on the work schedule for my day job as much as I’d been before, and I was okay with that. Soon, I’d be out of there. I’d be making enough tips to pay my bills and save up for dance classes or theatre classes or that gym membership that I’d signed up for the previous month and hadn’t yet used. Not one to languish in idle time, I managed to acquire quick side job: cleaning an apartment.
+I’d mentioned to a new New York friend the month before that I’d had a background in domestic and janitorial work and I didn’t mind cleaning as an occupation. Knowing that I wasn’t at full financial capacity and wanting to help me out, she allowed me to clean her apartment, which, oddly, helped me clear my mind. It also helped put a much needed $40 in my pocket. After hurrying home to buy some items for my empty section of the shared fridge, I hopped on my laptop to revise my resume. It was high time I applied for a job in a field that I could manage. The first month I moved to New York, I discovered a small cleaning company that needed “Cute Guys” to clean houses, paint walls, organize shelves, etc. As dubious as I was about the company, I quickly learned that judging a website by its homepage wasn’t particularly appropriate. I read their mission statement and got the feeling that they were quite friendly and legit. And hey, people referred to me as “cute” in the “puppy dog” way so I figured that adjective would suffice until I could become cute in a “sexy” way. What I truly cared about was that I didn’t need to take off my clothes to clean a house. I indulged people’s fantasies on stage. I refused to do so while cleaning a toilet.
+I sent my cover letter and resume via e-mail and prayed for a response sooner than later. In addition, I’d sent my resume out aimlessly to other retailers looking to hire soon. If I could manage two jobs in New York City, I would. No sooner had I clicked “send” did I hear a large ripping sound followed by a soft thud and what sounded like trickling debris. It came from the bathroom, which was situated immediately next door to my room. The guy who roomed next door to me stepped out of his room moments before I decided to step out of mine and I dreaded the origins of his subdued “Holy. Shit.”
+Upon exploring the bathroom, myself, I concluded that I had, indeed, heard falling debris. It had been preceded by the bathroom ceiling caving in over the tub; the only tub that was shared between the 5 people who occupied the apartment. Dirt, ceiling, dry wood, and probably one hundred years of dust/dust mites layered themselves like lasagne inside the tub, with remnants of the recipe powdering the bathroom floor. I managed to speak an underwhelmed “wow”, and my roommate began to rant while simultaneously laughing incredulously about how “this has happened before but not to this extent.” (I wish I had known this before moving in.) He made some phone calls to our other roommates while the lead roommate (a British guy who was never home due to flying all over the world), made a call to the super.
+Within an hour the super was surveying the bathroom and speaking at the glacial pace Miranda Priestly mentioned while she was being all devilish in Prada.
+“It looks like the ceiling came down,” the simpleton said. Ya think? “I don’t know how this could’ve happened.” Part of me wanted to say, ‘we’re not concerned about the how, but instead with the where are we going to shit and shower now?’ My next door roommate had reached a moment of calm and decided he would give his diagnosis.
+“You see,” he began, “I think if you look right there (he pointed at the piece of ceiling that was hanging). I think that the tape you put up, wasn’t strong enough.” (Hold on, our ceiling was put up with tape? What kind of ramshackle apartment was I living in?)
+“No. That’s not it,” my super said matter of factly, still sloth-like. (Was he high? I understood he was West Indian, but I hate to feed into stereotypes, even when they are true.) I didn’t have time to answer my own internal question because the Roomie was now reprimanding the Super for his shoddy job and storming out and down the hall to his room. I’d actually witnessed a hissy fit but lemme tell you; if they don’t look good on two year olds, they’ll never look good on a twenty three year old. Kids these days, huh?
+I gave up trying to rationally explain to our Super that I thought the ceiling caved in because the ceiling was old and the shower condensation caused whatever adhesive was there to fail. He nodded his head, considered my evaluation, and then said, “Nah. There’s flooding or something. A leaky pipe somewhere.” Some people prefer their own truths.
+Shenanigans aside, my roommates and I were left with one option: in order to shower and use the rest room, we would have to go up to a vacant apartment on the fourth floor of our building. This would last for about two weeks, the Super told us, while they completely renovated our bathroom. At least we’d be getting a modern room in this ancient apartment of ours.
+I figured now was as good a time as ever to become invested in my personal health. I had no acting gigs, no agent, no connections in New York. I had a job I’d soon be leaving for another, and more importantly, I needed a place to shower. My gym had shower, steam room, and sauna…and I was paying for it anyway. So unlike my roommates, I made it my mission not to climb up to the fourth floor, unless it was for exercise -and my bladder’s- sake.
+* * *
+The week was swimming by fast, despite little activity. I was becoming addicted to cardio as the weather was starting to change. Our bathroom construction was driving me insane. Hammering and drilling began every morning between 9 and 11am. On the first day of renovating, the Super managed to put holes in my bedroom wall: the curse of living next door to a faulty room. My day job was becoming more tolerable and, dare I say it, I was building an attachment to the friends I had made there, even though I was on my way out the door. Just as I’d started coasting on the new vibe that was settling in…I got a rude awakening.
+At the end of my third (unpaid) training session at the Harlem restaurant, I was told that someone would be in touch. The hiring manager who previously showed an interest in me before beginning my training had become distant and rarely engaged with me at all. It couldn’t have been because I was doing an awful job, was it? (I had made some mistakes, but I was rusty and I was literally thrown on the floor as if I’d been working there for years.) I was being trained by a veteran waitress who knew the ropes and who had expressed that they were in dire need of someone like myself since they’d recently fired a guy for being drunk on the job. In addition, the hiring manager was never there when I was working. Regardless, it was she who’d stopped me at the door when I inquired about being put on the work roster.
+“Thanks for coming in, but we won’t be needing your services.”
+The sentence was simple and sharp. Like a box-cutter. There was some half-hearted attempt at mentioning that my information would be kept on file…but everyone knows that’s the new version of “Don’t Call Us, We’ll Call You.” Then she walked her pug face and animal print blouse back into the restaurant. Hungry Hungry Harlem folk started to line up outside the door and I turned swallowing my rejection to walk past their growling, expectant stomachs. For the second time in New York, I left a job site confused and wondering, What next?
+I’d just closed the door to my room when the veteran waitress called me to ask what had happened. She’s seen me come to the restaurant and asked why I wasn’t going to be joining them. “I don’t know,” was the only answer I had. I really didn’t know. I didn’t know why I couldn’t manage to get a new job. I didn’t know why I wasn’t good enough to serve food at that restaurant. I didn’t understand why my apartment was falling apart and I hated that I couldn’t seem to get my life in order. Something needed to be done. So I did the only thing I could think of: I emailed my manager to ask her for a private meeting.
+* * *
+When a person puts in two weeks’ notice at his job to find another, and then that other job opportunity falls through in a big way, there’s no choice but to use your last dime to buy a margarita with a friend. It was a Sunday and not only was the drink welcome, but so was the company.
+Erin had contacted me a week beforehand to reconnect. She was a fellow thespian who I’d met in college and whose work always captivated me. I was sure that she’d be living the best life there ever was in New York City. So when we hugged each other on the corner of 43rd and 8th, I’d figured, from her smile alone, that she was living the dream. It wasn’t until we got to Blockheads that the truth came out for both of us. Life hadn’t been a crystal stair for her either and she was only just starting to climb her self-made staircase.
+We caught up over nachos and much needed frozen margaritas (though it was approaching 30 degrees outside) and I discovered something: Every little interaction in life counts. Erin and I weren’t the closest of friends in college, but we’d always been pleasant to one another, and as I said before, I thought she was a stellar performer. I kept thinking to myself, ‘why hadn’t we been friends back then?’ Yes, we shared a department major, a circle of creative folk, and now a profession that would send us on the highest of highs and the lowest of lows. Still, the ease of our conversation made me feel that our reunion should’ve occurred much sooner. I felt I was speaking to a kindred spirit who knew my plight, and like me, was successfully surviving. I was both comforted and inspired by Erin because I knew, in that moment of eating guacamole and chasing it with frozen tequila, we’d definitely be the sort of friends to call on one another in times of emotional hardship. More importantly, she wouldn’t judge me for my negative/insecure moments, because like many other creatives, she’d probably already been there, done that, and gotten a souvenir.
+God had decided to put the person I needed into my life at the exact moment I would need them. Funny how the Universe works.
+Our conversation -as well as the margaritas- gave me clearer insight to the environment I’d infiltrated. I’d come into New York trying to find peace. What I’d ended up doing thus far was shifting my emotional balance. If I didn’t actively try to salvage my situation and turn it around soon, I’d fail in this city. Failure isn’t a brand to which I happily subscribe.
+Life only works if you stop bullshitting yourself, and lend it a helping hand. So, the next day, with a clearer head, a plan of action -and more humility than I thought myself capable- I decided to ask my manager for my job back.
+Gar. Besides its tough to shoot well with those temple guards all up in your face. His performance should put him ahead of Shelvin Mack on the depth chart, and he will likely start at point guard for the Wiz going forward until John Wall returns. Since his debut with the Washington, Temple is averaging 6.2 points, 4.8 rebounds, 5.7 assists and a steal in six games played. Not exactly purple parrots, however, the Steps of Knowledge tell me if you need assists Temple could be a nice add. The choice its yours and yours alone, but for those desperate for dimes, I say Garrett Temple is worth a look.
+Here’s what else happened in fantasy basketball Friday night:
+Kyrie Irving – 33 pts, 5 reb, 6 ast, 4 stl, 3 blk, 3 3pm, 10-10 ftm. Good show, old boy! Now that is a fantasy line, keep it up and we’ll have to start calling you Julius.
+Ben Gordon – 27 pts, 2 reb, 4 ast in 28 minutes. Averaging 16.5 points over the past four games Air Gordon is heating up, and that’s the only time I’d recommend owning him.
+Michael Kidd-Gilchrist – Michael Kidd-Gilchrist – 7 pts, 9 reb, 2 ast in 21 minutes. Came off the bench as he’s still nursing an injury, but should be back in the starting line up in no time.
+Tristan Thompson – 19 pts, 13 reb, 2 ast. Sockingly under 40% owned. Tristan has seven double-doubles over his past eight games, with 10+ rebounds coming in seven of those games as well. He should be owned everywhere you need rebounds as long as Anderson Varejao is out.
+Jamaal Tinsley – 2 pts, 5 ast, 3 reb. Ugh, with Mo Williams sidelined, the point guard duties in Utah have falling on Jamaal, and it looks like they’re crushing him.
+Jared Dudley – 16 pts, 5 ast, 6 reb. Dudley-do-right, but the Suns do everything else wrong.
+Carlos Delfino – 22 pts, 3 reb, 2 stl, 6-7 3pm. If you needs threes, Carlos of the Fino could be just what you’re looking for.
+John Henson – 11 pts, 15 reb, 2 stl, 2 blk in 27 minutes. The Milwaukee bench is a crowded one, but Henson found the rainbow connection last night and certainly made a case for more time. Coming off the 20 pts, 9 reb performance on Wednesday, if you need rebounds, Henson is worth a look and available almost everywhere.
+Nick Young – 21 pts, 4 reb, 5 3pm in 28 minutes. Now if he could just do it two games in a row he might be worth owning.
+Kevin Martin – 16 pts, 3 reb, 4 3pm. We need to talk about the Kevins. Whenever Los Kevins both play well the Thunder win. Kevin Durant added 26 pts, 6 reb and 3 ast and the Dual Kevins handled the 76ers.
+Marreese Speights – 22 pts, 13 reb, 1 stl. Speights is taking his game to new heights! Am i rights!? Starting for the Zach Randolph who was out with illness (Z-bola?), Marreese “Two R’s Two E’s” Speights tore it up in just 27 minutes. I’d be surprised if this didn’t at least buy him some more minutes off the bench in the future.
+J.J. Hickson – 19 pts, 11 reb, 2 blk. His 19th double-double of the season. Aren’t you glad you picked him up when you did?
+Tyler Hansbrough – 19 pts, 4 reb, 1 stl in 23 minutes. Psycho Tyler, Qu’est-ce que c’est! Fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa. Yeaah. Psycho T’s big game is more a testament to how bad everyone else on the Pacers played as they got smoked by the struggling Celtics.
+Avery Bradley – 6 pts, ast, stl, blk. A-B-rad started at SG last night for the Celtics as they blew out the Pacers. I’m seeing Bradley being scooped up in leagues all over the place. Don’t get me wrong, I love me some Avery Bradley and I don’t think he’ll shoot as poorly as he did Friday night (3-11 FG), but I definitely ain’t buying A-B-rad as the offensive savior the Celtics or your fantasy team needs right now. He will contribute a little of everything and a lot of nothing.
+Jared Sullinger – 7 pts, 10 rebs, 1 blk. Sully played 30 minutes in the blow out and managed, sadly, one of the better rebounding efforts from a Celtic this year. Unlike Bradley, Sullinger could be the savior Boston needs, as they are in desperate need of a solid presence down low. The C’s need Sullinger to be a beast on the boards, but he might not be ready just yet.
+Kirk Hinrich – 10 pts, 4 reb, 8 ast, 1 stl, 1 blk in 29 minutes. If you can accept games like this as Hinrich’s ceiling then he could help your team in a few categories. But its not gonna be much better than this.
+Al Horford – 18 pts, 15 reb, 3 ast. Someone finally woke up three months into the season.
+Brook Lopez – 27, 13 reb, 3 blk. OMG Where was this Bropez when I drafted you in the top 20 the past two years. You are looking like everything I dreamed you’d be…two years ago. Of course I don’t own you this year, you burned me, BroLo, I hate you so much right now. #yoloBroLo.
+Bradley Beal – 24 pts, 6 reb, 4 ast, 3 stl, 1 blk. B-Rad played 48 minutes in the double OT thriller, so the stats are inflated a bit but it was still the young’n’s best game of the season and the 24 points were a career high. I dig your moves, B-Rad!
+Nene – 20 pts, 6 reb, 4 ast, 3 stl. He grows stronger every day.
+Emeka Okafor – 13 pts, 7 reb. Averaging 10.5 pts and 11.3 rebs over the past seven days. If you need these stats, you should pick him up. I won’t tell anybody.
+Demarcus Cousins – 31 pts, 20 reb, 4 ast, 2 stl. Don’t look now but the Kings have back to back wins. Maybe the Mayans were right?
+Isaiah Thomas – 11 pts, 3 reb, 6 ast. We talked about IT2 last week, and he’s still just over 50% owned in yahoo leagues. What are you waiting for?!
+Kyle Lowry – 24 pts, 3 reb, 4 ast, 2 stl, 4 3pm in 28 minutes off the bench. Why is he coming off the bench you ask? Blame Canada.
+Ed Davis – 11 pts, 13 reb, 2 ast, 3 blk, 1 stl. Also lead Toronto players in minutes with 41. A few weeks back I said I preferred Amir Johnson to Davis, and since then Amir has been exposed for his criminal double-dribbling, and last night he fouled out in just 9 minutes. Ouch, I take it back. Ed Davis is the guy to own, and he should be owned in more than 30% of leagues.
+Dwight Howard – 21 pts, 15 rebs, 2 blk. Suffered a stinger to the shoulder last night, whatever the heck that means. Regardless, he should be good to go by Sunday.
+Mike Dunleavy – 12 pts, 4 reb, 1 stl, 2 3pm. Dunleavy has been sneaky good lately and his play definitely warrants ownership, despite still being available in over half of yahoo leagues. He’s averaging 14.5 pts, 4.5 reb, 1.8 ast and 1.3 stl over the past seven games. Pro tip!* that will help your fantasy team. He’s not the sexiest player on waivers but he’s probably the dunleaviest.
+Pau Gasol – 2 pts, 4 reb, 2 ast, 2 blk in just 27 minutes. Just when you thought things were normalizing for Pau–POW! Back to this business. Sigh, even Jodie Meeks played more minutes than Pau. He is set to meet with Coach Dan Tony Saturday to discuss his role, which is never a good sign. Meanwhile, his broseph Marc Gasol continues his elite fantasy play with 12 pts, 6 reb, 3 ast, 3 stl, and a team record 8 blks. Talk about a sibling rivalry, Marc keeps rising up the fantasy ranks as his brother is falling faster and faster. I can only imagine how awkward their Christmas dinner must have been.
+Join us next Saturday for another Friday recap, as fantasy basketball continues next week, all week long!
+Al Horford – 18 pts, 15 reb, 3 ast. Someone finally woke up three months into the season.
+He’s averaged 16/10, 3 assists, a block and .75 steal for all of November and December. Do you hate AL Horford or are you just unaware he’s having a nice season bouncing back from an injury?
+@Tony: I got nothing but love for Horford, but maybe I was being a bit hard on him. He’s certainly having a “nice” season but maybe not one that justified where he was being ranked in for fantasy. I realize now, outside of that ugly 56% from the line this year, his numbers are in line with his career averages. But fantasy wise those FTs can kill you.
+@Blairtch: haha ya I do a fpts league, so ft% isn’t a factor, and thank god, like i need another thing to calculate….
+what do u think about larry sanders and nene for al jefferson?
+@dan: I’d want the Jefferson side
+Hey,
+this trade just went down in my league. Who wins and your thoughts on it in general??
+A. Davis
+D. DeRozan
+for
+C. Parsons
+K. Leonard
+12 Team H2H league, standard scoring. Thanks man
+@Thrilla: the brow/derozan side….
+@Tony: Yeah, I definitely prefer the Davis side
+@Thrilla: Yeah, I definitely prefer the Davis side
+Hey whats goin on!!! I have Kahwi Leonard and he’s been playing like absolute shit.. I kept him the whole time he was hurt and he’s not producing. My question is should i stay with him or, I have Kevin Love which is hurt, Do you think I should drop Leonard for someone like Robin Lopez? if not then can you throw me a couple names and see if there on the wire?
+@Frank Lynch: Really depends on what stats you need, but I wouldn’t blame you for ditching Leonard for someone who’s playing well. Robin Lopez was playing well but has cooled off a bit and you might be better off with Leonard.
+Well I read your blog and picked up tristan thompson and dropped Andre Drummond earlier but I guess I’m a little worried about the PF, C, position cause of Kevin Love’s injury and that including Leonard I have 7 guards. So If you have any players in mind that you can throw at me that might be on the wire, I can check, that I can replace Leonard for can you hook me up,, unless you really think I should keep him
+Maybe Temple like you said in your blog?
+@Frank Lynch: Temple doesn’t really fill your PF/C need. I think Thompson was a good grab for you. Maybe John Henson could be worth a look? Okafor or Ed Davis if they’re available. Or grab Drummond again if you can take the FT% hit.
+Henson and Okafor are both available and Drummond is on waiver wait till the 8th… Do you think I should grab Henson or Okafor for Leonard??? By the way, Thanks for the help
+@Frank Lynch: I’d go with Okafor for now. I might consider Drummond when he clears waivers too
+what would be a fair trade for marc gasol or greg monroe that would least hurt my team?
+*i am willing to offer 2 players for these monsters.
+my team is composed of:
+kyle lowry
+james harden
+OJ Mayo
+gordon hayward
+MWP
+ersan ilyasova
+Paul Milsap
+Anthony Davis
+Ed Davis
+Ricky Rubio
+Jrue Holiday
+Matt Barnes
+Jason Thompson
+Thanks and More power!
+@tententenen~!: You need to look at this other guys team and see what he needs, he may not want to give up the big man. But if he needs guards help you have Harden, Holiday, Rubio to offer. Harden is popular so I’d start by offering him. Gasol is a top 10 player and Monroe is not far off so make sure you’re offering close to equal value.
+CABLE CUSTOMERS GOING TO DIRECTV A week after three of the country's largest cable operators reported a significant erosion of their subscriber base, News Corp's recently acquired DirecTV indicated where the subscribers had gone. The satellite TV provider reported that it had signed up 455,000 new customers during its second quarter, an increase of more than 150 percent over the comparable period a year ago. In fact, analysts observed, the company recruited nearly a million new subscribers during the period, but lost about half that number because of "churn," or cancellations. A 7 percent hike in its subscriber rates was largely responsible for a 23 percent jump in revenue to $2.2 billion. Nevertheless, it said, marketing expenditures to entice the new subscribers proved costly, and the company finished the quarter with a loss of $13.3 million versus a net profit of $21.6 million in the year-ago quarter.
+NBC OLYMPICS "SHOWCASE" TO BE FEATURED ON DISH
+To help Olympics fans navigate through the numerous events that NBC and its cable affiliates will be airing beginning Aug.11 (more than 1,200 hours of coverage is planned), the network and EchoStar's DISH Network have created the NBC Interactive TV showcase. It will allow viewers to monitor five different cable network feeds, plus a sixth showing NBC's highlights and previews. Oprah Winfrey, who in 1999 had publicly mulled retirement, extended her current contract with Viacom-owned King World through the 2010-11 season, when she will celebrate 25 years on the air. ""The thought of taking the show to its 25th anniversary is both exhilarating and challenging," Winfrey said in a statement. "The years ahead will allow me to continue to grow along with my viewers and will give my production company the time and opportunity to use the show as a launching pad to create and develop additional projects."
+KERRY CHIDES NETWORKS FOR CUTTING CONVENTION COVERAGE
+John Kerry sharply criticized the broadcast networks on Thursday for their decision not to broadcast live from the Democratic convention a week ago Wednesday. Speaking to a conference of minority journalists associations in Washington, Kerry remarked, "I'm not going to make this a critique of media ... but look at the conventions. I thought Barack Obama gave a brilliant speech. America missed it. ... Ron Reagan speaking on stem cells. My wife, I think, gave a superb speech, but the networks chose not to [carry it live] that night. These are issues for a strong democracy."
+WHO LEAKED WHAT TO WHOM?
+Alabama Senator Richard Shelby and federal investigators have accused each other of leaking classified information to reporters. On Thursday, the Washington Postreported that Shelby, the former vice chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, had leaked secret information to Fox News political correspondent Carl Cameron and CNN reporter Dana Bash. The Postsaid that Cameron had confirmed to the FBI that Shelby had divulged the secret information to him. No sooner had the story hit the streets than Shelby issued a statement accusing federal law-enforcement officials of leaking it to the Post. "This story represents a grotesque abuse of a public trust on the part of law enforcement," the statement said. "For someone in law enforcement to express one-sided, personal views anonymously to the media while the investigation itself is still under way and while the matter is pending before the Senate ethics committee is unprofessional and grossly unfair." Meanwhile Fox News' Cameron denied the Post's account.
+ROSIE'S GAY CRUISE ON HBO WON'T ALL BE SMOOTH SAILING
+HBO is producing a documentary film with Rosie O'Donnell and her wife, Kelli Carpenter, about the weeklong Caribbean cruise that they recently chartered for 500 gay and lesbian families. The documentary will apparently not merely chronicle the vacationers' fun and games aboard the cruise liner but also describe the protests that greeted them when they stepped off the ship. Burlingame, CA 16-year-old Marina Gatto, who accompanied her two "moms" on the cruise has described on the Alternet website how she was interviewed by an HBO crew shortly after they came face to face with native protesters in the Bahamas. "I told them how I couldn't understand why a group of people that should know discrimination first hand would still hate my family," she wrote.
+WHEN "NOTHING" COSTS $119.95
+It may have been the sitcom about nothing, but the two four-disc DVD sets of Seinfeld, to be released by Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment on Nov. 23, will together cost $99.90 -- $119.95, if you want the holiday gift set, which includes Monk's Diner salt-and-pepper shakers, a special deck of playing cards, and a script with handwritten notes by writer/co-creator Larry David. The disks will also include numerous extras, including unaired footage of Seinfeld's standup comedy routines shot during the show's first seasons.
+CBS ANNOUNCES GRAMMY PLANS
+CBS plans to air the 47th Annual Grammy Awards from the Staples Center in Los Angeles on Sunday, Feb. 13, 2005, it said Thursday. Nominations will be announced on Dec. 8.
+SEXY CARTOON FARE BECOMES BIG CABLE DRAW
+For more than a year, the Cartoon Network's lineup of adult-oriented late-night cartoons, airing under the banner "Adult Swim," have been drawing more young-adult males than either The Tonight Show with Jay Lenoor Late Night with David Letterman, Kansas City Star TV columnist Aaron Barnhardt observed today (Friday). Barnhardt also noted that the network doesn't publicize the fact that in a recent week, eight of the 20 top-rated cable programs among teens have been "Adult Swim" shows. Barnhardt commented that he understands why the network doesn't publicize those figures: "It might stir outrage among the nation's TV critics," he wrote. He added, "Then again, those ratings suggest that kids don't need us to be outraged on their behalf."Movie PictureMOVIE REVIEWS: COLLATERAL Box-office analysts may be debating whether moviegoers will buy Tom Cruise as a gray-haired villain in Collateral, but film critics, by and large, have had no problem doing so. In fact many are suggesting that the movie may represent Cruise's best work to date. As Joanne Kaufman writes in the Wall Street Journal: "Who knew Tom Cruise could fill a villain's shoes so snugly? Let's forgo the suspense: He does." And Michael Wilmington concludes in the Chicago Tribune: "Playing against his own heart-breaker smile, Cruise can summon up a cold-blooded sadism and ruthlessness that make him a first-rate movie heavy." But comedian Jamie Foxx, in a rare straight acting role, also is receiving fine notices. "Foxx's work is a revelation," writes Roger Ebert in the Chicago Sun-Times. (Steven Rea in his review in the Philadelphia Inquirer uses the same description.) "Here he steps into a dramatic lead and is always convincing and involving," Ebert remarks. Manohla Dargis, writing her first review for the New York Times after leaving the Los Angeles Times, notes that Foxx "can't have had an easy time playing foil to the world's biggest movie star, but he holds his own gracefully." And Mike Clark in USA Todaycalls Foxx's performance "one of this year's notable career leaps."
+Movie PictureMOVIE REVIEWS: LITTLE BLACK BOOK
+Sony is counter-programming Collateralwith the romantic comedy Little Black Book, starring Brittany Murphy, which critics are filling with snippety remarks in the margins. Jami Bernard in the New York Daily Newsdescribes the movie this way: "Little Black Book is a screechy chick-flick relationship comedy with a lot of things working for and against it -- mostly against it." Stephen Hunter in the Washington Post sums it all up this way: ." And Carrie Rickey in the Philadelphia Inquirer puts the film on her list of "Movies That Aren't Worth Your Eight Bucks, Let Alone Talking About!" A few critics, charmed by Murphy's performance, appear to go out of their way to say nice things about the film. For example, Kevin Crust writes in the Los Angeles Times: ."
+DISNEY WON'T FILM ANNAPOLIS AT ANNAPOLIS
+Disney has abruptly canceled plans to film the movie Annapolis at the U.S. Naval Academy and government buildings in Maryland and will instead move the production to Philadelphia, the Baltimore Sunreported today (Friday). A spokesman for Gov. Robert Ehrlich indicated that Disney was wooed by Pennsylvania's tax incentives intended to attract moviemakers. "The governor and the administration will take a very close look at how to prevent this from happening again," a spokesman for the governor told the Sun. "I would not rule out a legislative solution in the next session." The newspaper also indicated that Disney's decision may also have been affected by the U.S. Naval Academy's foot-dragging in agreeing to allow scenes to be shot on its campus. The Sunreported that Navy officials have acknowledged that they were concerned about scenes in the film that involve a plebe's romance with a female upperclassman. But a Naval Academy spokesman remarked after the cancellation: "We're surprised by the news and disappointed that a movie about the Naval Academy would be filmed somewhere else."
+IGER "WOULD LOVE" TO BECOME DISNEY'S CHIEF
+Disney President and COO Robert Iger made it plain Thursday that he would "love" to replace Michael Eisner if Eisner should step down. "Obviously if I was offered the job, it's a job I would love to have," Iger told Reuters, adding, "I'm not suggesting that I have a campaign trail of any kind," meaning, presumably that he does not intend to push for the job. He maintained that if the Disney board does decide to replace Eisner, it should consider him "based on one thing, and one thing only, and it's the performance in the current job I have. I'm concentrating on the job I have in hand."
+PIXAR'S PROFITS SOAR; STOCK SINKS
+Despite continued speculation within the industry that Pixar will wind up returning to the Disney fold before the expiration of its current partnership with the company in 2006, the computer animation firm on Thursday announced that it had signed a deal with THQ Inc. to produce video games for its first four self-financed movies set to begin hitting the screens in late 2006. The company also said that it was negotiating with other firms to handle the "building blocks" necessary to form an independent operation, presumably including merchandising, overseas distribution, and DVD releases. The company also announced a huge spike in revenue resulting principally from sales of its 2003 hit Finding Nemo,with net income for the quarter coming in at $27 million on revenue of $55.3 million, compared with $19.5 million/$66.3 million for the quarter a year ago. Nevertheless, shares in Pixar dropped $2.46 to $66, largely due, analysts said, to anxiety over the health of Pixar Chairman Steve Jobs who underwent pancreatic cancer surgery earlier in the week.
+Are you looking to cut down on time and mess in the kitchen? Perhaps, you’re sick and tired of always chopping fruits and vegetables. The Best Food Processor can help change all of this!
+My mother is an avid canner during the harvest season. She creates tomatoes sauces, salsa, fruit preserves, and more. Once she put away the knives and brought out the food processor, her workload has diminished.
+Reasons to Own a Food Processor
+Before we share the top 10 best food processors available right now, let’s look at some of the most popular reasons to one own.
+Easily Chop Food
+Food processors allow you to chop a whole lot of food in just seconds versus using a knife. You can also make smoothies, porridges, and sauces in them, too. This reduces a lot of manual labor on your side so you can focus on other areas of your life. Plus, with so much versatility on foods you can chop, you’ll discover a whole new spectrum of foods you love.
+Organize Your Cooking Area
+Food processors offer incredible versatility so you can replace your blender, meat grinder and other small kitchen appliances with one unit. As a result, you’re left with a tidier and more organized cooking space.
+Minimal Maintenance
+If you regularly use a food processor, you’ll love that there’s minimal maintenance and clean-up involved. The last thing you want after a long day at work is to spend hours in the kitchen cleaning up after a meal. Thankfully, a food processor allows you to spend more time in the living room with your family than cleaning up in the kitchen.
+Factors To Consider When Buying a Food Processor
+This article is devoted to sharing the top 10 best food processors with you, but to narrow down these choices to one unit, you’ll need to consider some important factors throughout your search. Below, we’ve categorized some essential features to look out for to simplify the buying process.
+Dishwasher Compatible
+If you own a dishwasher, the likelihood is that you’ll want a dishwasher-safe food processor. As most units come with numerous parts and accessories, you’ll need to double-check that they’re suitable for a dishwasher. Fortunately, most new processors don’t require manual cleaning and you can place the entire unit in your dishwasher for a gleaming finish.
+Settings
+Most food processors have limited settings, whereas some high-end units allow you to do more, such as controlling the speed, adjusting the pulse, and much more so you can achieve the perfect result with your food. Consider what foods you intend to make and bear in mind your cooking skills, too. There’s no point of owning a food processor with numerous settings that you don’t understand how to use.
+Wattage
+Will you mix tough doughs and chop hard vegetables with your food processor? Tougher foods and actions require more power so you’ll need a food processor with a high wattage. Alternatively, if you’ll focus on making soups and blending different ingredients together, a low-wattage food processor will suffice. In general, we recommend around 700 Watts as this is ideal for tough jobs.
+Capacity
+Consider the amount of food you make in one go. If you have a large household or like to prepare your food in advance, you’ll require a food processor with a large capacity. Although this sounds like better value for your money, a larger unit will take up more space on your countertop and zap more energy than a smaller one.
+Blades
+Finally, the blades are the heart of a food processor and you’ll need ones that are suited to your cooking style. Consider the quality of the blades as they’ll be more durable if they’re made from high-quality materials. Stainless steel is the perfect material for chopping, pureeing, grinding, and more.
+The Top 10 Best Food Processors To Buy
+There are quite a few different styles, sizes, and brands on the market to choose from. Which model do you pick? That’s where I come in! You see, I’ve searched high and low for the perfect food processors on Amazon, for you.
+On this list of 10, you’ll see brands like Cuisinart and Hamilton Beach, you know, brands you can trust.
+So, are you ready to get a look at that list? Awesome! Let’s hop to it.
+Table of Contents
+- Reasons to Own a Food Processor
+- Factors To Consider When Buying a Food Processor
+- The Top 10 Best Food Processors To Buy
+- 10. Hamilton Beach Processor
+- 9. Cuisinart Food Processor
+- 8. Breville Food Processor
+- 7. Ninja Food Chopper Express
+- 6. Cuisinart 8-Cup Processor
+- 5. Ninja 4-in-1 Food Processor
+- 4. Braun 12 Cup Food Processor
+- 3. Oster Pro 1200
+- 2. Cuisinart DLC-2A Mini-Prep
+- 1. Hamilton Beach 70740 8-Cup
+- Which Food Processor is the Best Choice…
+10. Hamilton Beach Processor
+For decades, Hamilton Beach has been a leader in kitchen gadgetry. That’s why this food processor is such a highly rated model. The design is flawless.
+It comes with a stack and snap assembly that requires no difficult twist locking. The sealed 12-cup bowl is designed with a pour spout that prevents leaks. no more messes!
+Easily, chop, puree, and mix food with the sharp stainless steel 5-blade. You can also shred and slice with the reversible stainless steel slicing/shredding disc.
+Pros
+- Comes with a handy simple function guide that shows you how the buttons and blades work
+- Features a strong 450 watt motor with 2 speeds plus a pulse option
+- No need to pre-cut foods due to the wide mouth feed chute
+Cons
+- A few reviewers claim the food processor works well, but only for a short period of time and then quits working altogether
+- One user claims the slicing and shredding feature “creates more work” and doesn’t work all that well
+9. Cuisinart Food Processor
+Cuisinart is a pioneer in the food processor industry. Not only does the company create epic FPs, but many other kitchen tools, as well.
+This amazing food processor comes in 6 different looks. This listing is for the classic stainless steel option. The stainless steel housing is very easy to clean and wipe down.
+The model comes with a stainless-steel slicing disc, shredding disc, and a brand new chopping blade. You’ll love the 750-watt large capacity food processor that sports intuitive on/off/pulse buttons.
+You can easily fit 14 cups of food in the Lexan bowl. Feel free to push through large chunks through the feed tube with the large or small pushers.
+Pros
+- Removable parts are dishwasher safe
+- Full 5-year motor warranty; Limited 3-year warranty on entire machine
+- Comes with a spatula and instruction/recipe booklet
+Cons
+- Sort of expensive at just under $175
+- Replacement parts are pricey
+- The unit is quite heavy
+8. Breville Food Processor
+This Breville food processor was rated as the “Editor’s Choice” on Amazon. It is known for its amazing chopping, slicing, and dicing capabilities plus much more. This unit is called the “sous chef” model.
+You’ll love the 5 multi-function discs and 3 blades that the food processor comes with. The voltage of this unit is 110 – 120 volts.
+The super wide chute measures a whopping 5.5 inches and can accommodate large pieces of food. You never need to pre-chop anything!
+Another feature of this award-winning food processor is that it is BPA-free. You won’t find any toxic materials in the processing bowls that range in sizes of 16 cups to 2.5 cups.
+Pros
+- LCD display counts up and down with an automatic timer
+- Features an accessory box that can be stored horizontally or vertically based on where you store the unit
+- Designed with a heavy-duty induction motor
+Cons
+- Very expensive at just under $400
+- Some users have complained about the motor malfunctioning
+7. Ninja Food Chopper Express
+For just $24.99, the Ninja Food Chopper Express is quite a deal. It isn’t as large or elaborate as some of the other food processors, but it gets the job done for half the price.
+Featuring a 200-watt power pod, you can chop, slice, and dice until your heart’s content. You’ll love the effortless ways you can mince, chop, and grind a variety of foods as well as blend and puree.
+This unit is perfect for garlic, onions, zesting, herbs, spices, and so much more. You can even chop up chocolate!
+Pros
+- This unit isn’t just for chopping…you can blend together dressing, sauces, and spreads, too
+- A nice 16-ounce capacity
+- Made with an ergonomic design that is easy to handle
+Cons
+- The unit isn’t very versatile
+- Some users claim this unit is better for pureeing foods versus chopping them
+6. Cuisinart 8-Cup Processor
+Cuisinart does it again! This food processor is smaller than the 14-cup capacity processor that we covered above, however, it doesn’t skimp on getting the job done.
+If you don’t have a need for a large food processor, this 8-cup model will serve you well. Don’t let the small size fool you because this unit is packing 350 watts of powerful motor performance.
+The 8-cup work bowl comes complete with measurement markings for ease of use during cooking. You’ll also be impressed by the reversible shredding and slicing discs that give you medium to fine cuts.
+Pros
+- Integrated feed tube to add ingredients while you process
+- Easy-to-clean parts are removable and dishwasher safe
+- BPA-free
+Cons
+- Some reviewers claim the lid is to hard to lock into place
+- Another user complained that the plastic was “cheap” and “easily breakable”
+5. Ninja 4-in-1 Food Processor
+The Ninja 4-in-1 Blender and Food Processor system is one of the latest and greatest inventions of the kitchen gadget industry. You may think it is a little pricey at just under $227, but believe me when I tell you that it is worth every penny.
+This 4-function unit is able to transform veggies and fruits into works of art with the auto-spiralizer design. You can create up to 3 different noodles shapes.
+The high-speed blender cup unlocks tons of flavor for juices and smoothies when you need a meal on the go. Want a creamy frozen drink? The total crushing pitcher pulverizes ice to snow in mere seconds1 The max liquid capacity is 64 ounces.
+The 4-cup precision processor handles everything from chopping to mixing and even dough making.
+Pros
+- Featuring auto-IQ technology
+- Includes one 1200-watt base, 4 high-performance attachments, 3 spiralizing discs -spaghetti, fettuccine and ribbon, and a 40-recipe book
+- Designed with pulse, blend, and pause patterns
+Cons
+- On the expensive side
+- Some complaints about the customer service associated with this product
+4. Braun 12 Cup Food Processor
+This Braun food processor is a nice little gadget to add to your kitchen lineup od star players. It is designed to give you many food processing possibilities like chopping, slicing, whisking, and kneading. It even comes with a juicer attachment (not quite as robust as standalone juicers like these, but it does the job).
+You’ll love the variable speed settings that allow you to pick and choose your own speed as well as a handy pulse mode.
+The unit is equipped with a powerful 600-watt motor and 110 voltage.
+Pros
+- 1-year manufacturers warranty
+- Equipped with safety features like the bowl locking to the base and the unit not turning on unless the lid is properly closed
+- Can hold 12 cups of dry ingredients and 9 cups of liquid
+Cons
+- On the expensive side at just under $159
+- Not dishwasher safe
+3. Oster Pro 1200
+Oster is another leading product manufacturer for the kitchen. This blender doubles as a food processor and smoothie maker. It gives you 1200 powerful watts and allows you to use the blender and food processor functions, interchangeably.
+Check out what the manufacturer has to say about this unit, “Blender and food chopper feature Smart Settings Technology and 7 speeds, including 3 pre-programmed settings for one-touch salsas, milkshakes, and smoothies, plus pulse for added control and precision.
+Dual-Direction Blade Technology blends in forward and reverses, allowing ingredients to flow down into the blade easier for faster and smoother results; the powerful and precise blade system is 50% larger compared to previous Oster blenders “.
+Comes with a 6-cup Boroclass glass jar; extra-large, BPA-free 5-cup food processing bowl; stainless steel slicing disk and chopping blade; and 24-ounce lidded smoothie to-go cup.
+Pros
+- 10-year Duralast all-metal drive limited warranty for longevity
+- Features 900 watts of ice-crushing power
+- Designed with a premium stainless steel finish
+Cons
+- A reviewer claims the unit has “poor durability”
+- Another reviewer says the blender/food processor isn’t much different than any other model
+2. Cuisinart DLC-2A Mini-Prep
+This is a cute little food processor for the single person, apartment dweller, or the someone who doesn’t use food processors all that often.
+It is a small, 250-watt unit that comes with a modest 3-cup work bowl. The model chops and grinds with a patented stainless steel blade.
+All you have to do is push a button on the handy control panel and the processor starts working like a charm. Even though the body is made of lightweight plastic, it’s highly durable.
+Pros
+- Affordable at just under $33
+- Dishwasher safe bowl and lid for easy cleanup
+- Built according to North American Electrical Standards
+Cons
+- A buyer complains that the unit is noisy and “wails like a banshee”
+- Some complaints of the unit having design flaws
+1. Hamilton Beach 70740 8-Cup
+Hamilton beach has gone and done it again! This 8-cup capacity food processor is every home chef’s dream. It’s priced just right at $39.99, too.
+If you want an affordable alternative to cutting up fruits and veggies by hand, you need to go with this food processor. Not only fruits and veggies, but this unit chops cheese, shreds, grates, mixes up sauces, and so much more.
+Enjoy the powerful 450 watt motor with 2 convenient speeds plus a pulse feature. The unit is equipped with a stainless steel 5-blade.
+Pros
+- Dishwasher safe bowl, blades, and lid
+- All parts store inside of the bowl to create compactable storage
+- Able to puree, chop, slice, dice, shred, and grind just about any food
+Cons
+- Some folks claim the unit stops working after just a few months of use
+Which Food Processor is the Best Choice…
+There you have it! 10 of Amazons most amazing food processors, to date. I’ve given you many options to consider. However, I had to go with the Hamilton Beach 70740 8-Cup model.
+I chose this unit as my number one because it is a high-quality food processor that is affordable, versatile, and built-to-last. Yes, there are some negative reviews but these complaints are few and far between. Plus, for each negative review, there are 10 positives.
+If you are looking for a food processor that isn’t too big, works, well, and won’t break your bank, I highly recommend you go with the Hamilton Beach 70740 8-Cup model.
+Will you be purchasing yours, today, or one of the others?
+Many of we early retirees and aspiring early retirees are on the never ending quest to Never Pay Taxes Again.
+With the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 about to be signed into law (aka the Largest Tax Cut in HistoryTM, perhaps a better name than The Mother of All Tax Cuts) it is worth assessing what impact this round of tax reform may have on the common tax minimization strategies.
+Overall, I prefer a little more reform in my tax reform, but most individuals should see…
+…at least a minimal reduction in their tax bill in the short term.
+Let’s review the changes.
+Tax Rates
+Early tax reform proposals suggested that the tax code would be simplified by reducing the number of unique tax brackets. The old tax code had 7. The new tax code has… you guessed it, 7. See, reform.
+The tax rates on those brackets have been lowered, as per the chart below.
+The new tax brackets (purple) are noticeably lower than the old brackets (blue.) This results in lower tax paid and effective tax rates.
+As reference, a Married couple Filing Jointly (MFJ) with no children will save about $600 on $50k income, $2.2k on $100k income, and $5.8k on $200k income.
+Standard Deduction / Personal Exemptions / Child Tax Credit
+One of the big talking points of the TCJA is that the standard deduction was doubled. Sounds nice, right?
+However… while the standard deduction was (approximately) doubled, personal exemptions were eliminated. Repeat: there are no personal exemptions. This will induce fewer people to itemize, which will simply tax time for many.
+As shown in the table below, this can impact people couples with children. To offset this, the Child Tax Credit was increased from $1,000 to $2,000 per child. (I share MFJ only to highlight the concept, single filers are slightly more complicated due to potential to file as Head of Household.)
+For early retirees with few dependents, this provides a larger play space for Roth IRA conversions. It also makes it easier to make generic spreadsheets :)
+Roth Recharacterization
+An useful tool for Roth conversion aficionados was the ability to recharacterize a conversion after the fact.
+That is a mouth full. What it means is we could convert some $ from a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA (a conversion), and then later decide to undo in part or full. A mulligan, if you will.
+Mulligans are no longer allowed. If you want to recharacterize a conversion for the 2017 tax year, do it before Dec 31st.
+Recharacterization was useful for filling up lower tax brackets, such as we have done with the 0% tax bracket in the past. (See tax return example.) I’ve never done a recharacterization since I run a pretty thorough year-end tax review, but it was nice to have the option.
+Feel free to continue to do Roth conversions to your heart’s desire, but perhaps use a little more finesse in the calculations. For an example of our 30+ year long Roth conversion pipeline, see here.
+Qualified Dividends / Long Term Capital Gains / Cap Gain Harvesting
+Early House proposals included a 6% tax on dividends and capital gains. That is not in the final bill. This means another 8+ years of tax free qualified dividends and long term capital gains.
+Early drafts of the bills also included provisions preventing specific lot sales. Instead, whenever you sold stock you had to sell the oldest shares first (FIFO.) This had the potential to complicate capital gain harvesting a bit, and could have resulted in higher taxable gains for normal cash flow withdrawals. However, this did not make it into the final bill.
+Capital gain harvesting is unaffected, and continues to be a powerful tool in the tax minimization game.
+Under the new law, the amount of tax free dividend / gain income is no longer coupled with the other tax brackets. Now we have to look up another number (simple, right?) fyi, for 2018 those numbers are $38,600 for individuals and $77,200 for married couples.
+Health Insurance / Obamacare / Individual Mandate
+The TCJA eliminated the individual mandate, which assessed a penalty to anybody who didn’t want to have health insurance.
+So feel free to self insure if you like starting in 2019 (after the 2018 elections, wink wink.) The IRS no longer cares.
+This will probably result in more young/healthy people choosing to go uninsured or (maybe) to go with the old High Deductible Heath Plans (HDHP) that were disallowed under the ACA. This is expected to increase insurance premiums on the remaining insurance pool. People earning under 400% of FPL will just get larger subsidies, no big deal. Those earning over 400% of FPL would then have to decide if those plans were still of value.
+For early retirees doing the previously mentioned Roth IRA Conversions, this potentially vastly simplifies tax optimization tradeoffs.
+Expats
+For US citizens who live abroad, the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion is alive and well.
+The use of Overseas Corporations continues to be an effective way to eliminate Self Employment taxes. However, high earning businesses will no longer be able to retain earnings tax free.
+Other resources
+Clearly the above is just a brief summary of the total changes. Here are some great resources to review.
+Detailed overview of changes, including SALT: Michael Kitces – Individual Tax Planning Under The Tax Cuts And Jobs Act Of 2017
+Impact on high earners – Physician on Fire – Tax Reform! How Physicians and the Self-Employed are Affected
+Business owners eligible for pass-thru deduction: Stephen Nelson – Pass-thru Income Deduction: Top 12 Things Every Business Must Know
+Expats and overseas business owners: Stewart Patton – 2017 Tax Reform for US Expats: Either Nothing Change or Everything Changes
+And of course, you could always just read the actual bill.
+Summary
+The Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 appears to have minimal impact on taxes for the early retiree. I expect we will have more $0 tax bills in the future, with some slight benefit from the increased Child Tax Credit. Aspiring early retirees will benefit from the decreased tax rates.
+Taxes on qualified dividends and capital gains remain at 0%, and the tax minimization tools of Roth IRA conversions and Capital Gain harvesting remain in full effect. The elimination of Roth recharacterization adds a small complication, but is easily overcome with some planning.
+The biggest impact for early retirees is likely to be the elimination of the Individual Mandate. TBD how this affects the insurance market over the coming years.
+As with any new law, full ramifications will take some time to understand. These are my initial impressions.
+Feel free to ask questions / highlight anything I missed in the comments.
+Another great overview of what’s happening in the financial world. Thanks Jeremy.
+As an aside, the FEIE post you referenced inspired me to move abroad while working for my old company from my computer. Keep up the great work spreading the word.
+Awesome! That makes my day, thank you
+Thanks for this clear explanation! I really needed that after reading about all of the version of the bill.
+My pleasure… there is so much to read (500+ pages.) My eyes glazed over many a time
+Great overview! Your link to the actual bill isn’t the very final version – a few provisions were taken out after going through the Senate “Byrd bath” (including the provision that would have given the legislation its “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” moniker). Here’s the final bill, which has reportedly now been signed by Trump:
+thanks! I updated the post with the new link
+Also, ’twas a pleasure meeting you and the family in NYC. Happy Holidays!
+Likewise!
+I’m nervous about the repeal of the individual mandate, as you point out – likely the biggest impact to early retirees. I have a feeling though, that healthcare will ultimately improve as administrations come and go, and the pressures of the wealth gap get to be too much.
+I support the corporate tax reduction and the doubling of the standard deduction. But I wish congress had been more generous to the middle class and more mindful of the deficit.
+I’m not terribly concerned about the individual mandate as an individual. If we can buy an HDHP and pay out of pocket for most things we will come out ahead, just like the olden times.
+The expected outcome is that premiums rise (and therefore subsidies rise.) The subsidy cliff will become more severe, which will drive more people towards self insuring / HDHPs, which will increase costs, and so on…
+Other developed countries seem to spend half as much per person on healthcare with better results, so there is opportunity for improvement.
+Does this mean that if you live abroad but want to visit the U.S. for more than 35 days per year you no longer need to buy U.S. insurance for that time?
+I plan to live outside the country during FIRE with expat insurance but would probably want to spend more than 2 months per year in the States and the mandate was killing my plans. It would be a huge win if that was no longer nee
+Yeah, no mandate no problem.
+2 months in the US may not have been a big deal. See Obamacare, Expats, and Limitations on Visits Home for the details. The limitations apply only if you are itinerant. If you will be a bonafide resident of another country, then there are no limitations.
+Thanks! Your ‘limitations’ article was a big help. Not sure exactly how long I’ll spend in the US once FIRE and probably won’t pass either of the tests that would have exempted me. This makes life a lot easier!
+Thanks for the summary. Helpful!
+Nice job explaining how early retirees are affected by the bill. This would affect us in 2020 as early retirees. So this means that a retired couple can get $101,200 of income tax free? ($24k deduction + $77,200 qualified div/LT cap gains)
+Hi Enchumbao! Yes, that is correct. Plus any offset from the CTC
+An interesting review and worth adding these tidbits to the overall full-picture lore. The seven brackets (rather than the originally envisioned five) is naturally a walk-back of the original vision–a walk-back that occurred in the haggling. Haggling is reality, although it does always complicate rather than “elegantizing.” Note also that AMT is now gone, which will help a lot of people who were categorized as among “the rich” by a system that wanted them categorized as such for its own ends, even though they have been struggling like the poor courtesy of huge house taxes and mortgages in high-house-cost geographies. Overall I’m in favor of this attempt at reform–first, I’m a believer that enticing so-called “hoarded” money back into play is a far superior approach to confiscating it and then putting a little of it back into play, because it abandons the artificial and obstructing thumb of regulation in favor of the more balanced free market concept, acknowledging that the real leadership is in the private sector, where it has always been…and second, the mere attempt at tax simplification and tax reform is of value even if not a lot of simplification is achieved. The sentiment alone is a precedent that’s good to voice frequently. Again thanks for your analysis.
+The AMT isn’t gone, but it will affect fewer filers. I believe I’ve paid the AMT each of the last 9 or 10 years, and due to both the law and changes in my income (working part-time now), I don’t imagine I’ll be subject to it.
+From Heritage.org
+ best explanation I could find on how this will apply:
+I wish it were gone completely, but by remaining well under the exemption phaseout threshold of $1M, I don’t lose any of the already higher exemption. Sounds complicated, but the article above spells it out pretty well.
+Best,
+-PoF
+The biggest reason AMT is no longer likely to impact many people is that SALT taxes are no longer deductible (except for a $10k tidbit). Without that add back, most folks won’t have to care about AMT. But this also means the new system is more LIKE the AMT than it used to be.
+Nice overview. Just enough detail to cover the basics, and you hit the main topics.
+Did you really mean to say that if we wish to do a recharacterization of a traditional IRA to Roth IRA conversion for tax year 2017 we only have until the end of 2017 to do so? Or did you mean to say we have until the end of 2018? And that for tax year 2018 recharacterizations would no longer be allowed? If you were right in what you say then I’ve got a lot to do between now and the end of the year.
+Yes, that is my interpretation. Also see the other linked articles which seem to agree
+I am in the same pickle as you, and I am having trouble finding clear, definitive information regarding whether recharacterizations of 2017 Roth conversions will or will not be allowed after 12/31/2017. Even Vanguard seems to be unclear about this point. They have the following to say in an article on their website:
+“…What’s less clear is what happens to those who want to recharacterize a conversion made in 2017—the last tax year in which this can be done under the final bill. “Under current law, you’d have until October 15, 2018, to change your mind and recharacterize a conversion made in 2017,” Ms. Bruno said. “But it’s unclear under the new law whether retirement savers will have until the end of 2017 or until October 15 of next year to do a recharacterization. “ full text of this article can be found at:
+Thanks for the Vanguard info. I imagine that was drafted by their lawyers.
+It’s a mess. I’ve basically been doing our 2017 taxes in full over the past 2 days in order to get the right Roth conversion value…
+Thank you for this overview.
+Want to make sure I’m reading you right on the recharacterization that is and is no longer allowed:
+We can still make a tIRA contribution in 2018, then later in the year recharacterize it as a Roth contribution, if we determine the tIRA deduction isn’t going to help that much based on income. This was possible before and is still possible in 2018 under the new law?
+Recharacterization of contributions should still be allowed, although I haven’t read through this part in depth. The change is for conversions.
+In your chart, wouldn’t tax free income for someone with kids be $24k + k*$2k/t?
+Kinda sorta. You get the $24k deduction. Then you get an additional $2k credit per kid (used to be $1k.)
+If you are at the 10% tax rate, that is equivalent to getting another $20k tax free. At the 15% rate, $13333… etc…
+Thanks a lot for the post! And for the links to other similar posts by other gurus.
+I also would like to clarify you statement: ” If you want to recharacterize a conversion for the 2017 tax year, do it before Dec 31st.”
+Does it applies to the following situation?
+I have contributed $5.5k to Roth IRA in 2017, but I am fearing that my MFJ MAGI is going to be >$186k. Therefore, I know I will need to recharacterize my Roth IRA into tIRA. I was hoping to do it before filing taxes (i.e., before April 2018) because I still have a small chance to fall into a Phase Out range of 186k-196k, and thus still keep some of $5.5k in Roth.
+You suggested to do any recharacterization by Dec 31. Does it apply to my case? Where can I read more about it? I only have 4 days next week to make it recharacterization work if it makes a difference.
+Thanks to anyone who can answer my question.
+Keep up the great work!
+Yes, applies in your case. See the linked Kitces article for more depth.
+Thanks for linking out to my post, my man!
+There are so many changes to process, and what helps one person or family may hurt another. High-income single people in states with high property taxes and / or high state income tax are less than pleased and potentially paying a slightly higher effective tax rate. Most other people will be paying less. Many paid on a 1099 will benefit an incredible amount.
+Personally, I will finally see some benefit from having kids. A tax benefit, I mean. :) That’s puts $4,000 in my pocket annually. I’ll also be happy to drop from the 33% to 24% income bracket, and should get a nice deduction on the blog income, which is a pass-through business.
+Cheers and Happy Holidays!
+-PoF
+p.s. You may not want to come home for Christmas. We’re expecting highs in the single digits below zero up here.
+But of course
+we probably won’t be in the US for the next year or two… I’m getting used to this perpetual summer thing we have going on
+Since a lot of early retirees end up with a side hustle, it’s also worth mentioning the 20% business income tax deduction. From my preliminary review it appears that anyone with schedule C self employment income can deduct 20% of their total Sched C income. It’s a below the line deduction which unfortunately doesn’t reduce AGI. The net effect is that only 80% of your biz income is taxed. Put another way, your marginal rate on your biz income will be 80% of what it would otherwise be (8% instead of 10%, 9.6% instead of 12%, etc). Small gift for those with a little hustle in them. This 20% deduction phased out for MFJ with AGI over $315,000 (half that for singles).
+Yeah, a little extra juice for the US based bloggers with that one. SE taxes still apply on the full amount if I’m reading it right
+Yes, I believe SE taxes still apply to 100% of biz income. And SE taxes represent 100% of my tax bill since I end up with $0 due on the regular income tax side of things.
+This article just saved me thousands in taxes! I didn’t put together that the elimination of recharacterization would apply to tax year 2017! Reading Kitces article that you linked to, he seems to concur that its not clear the IRS will allow the tax year 2017 recharacterization that’s typically allowed through October of the next year. Since I use Mad Fientist’s “race horse” roth conversion concept, where I convert twice as much as I think I’ll need, and then recharacterize the “losing horse” i.e. underperformer, I almost got stuck with twice as much Roth conversion as I wanted! Maybe the IRS will allow 2017 recharacterizations, but I’m not risking it. Just submitted my online recharacterization with Vanguard. Thank you, sir, for the heads up.
+I just did the same thing for the same reason ;-)
+Get yourself some extra shares of VTSAX as a Christmas bonus ;)
+Great overview, saved me some time! We’re still finishing up our tax gain harvesting for 2017. I’m happy to see there aren’t any big changes to our capital gains and dividend rate :)
+Mostly same same
+I still have a Roth conversion to do next week
+Can you explain what you mean about capital gain harvesting? What is different? Are you saying capital gains and dividends are tax free if your agi is under the numbers listed? What is the effect if your agi is higher? Is there a partial effect?
+Basically, nothing changes.
+Tax rate is 15% – 20% on the overage
+So if the individual mandate is going away, does that mean we’re still required to have health insurance till 1/1/2019? Currently my wife has health insurance through her job, but it would’ve been $750+ to add me and there’s no way I’m flushing $9,000 down the drain for a year.
+Any word on if the cheaper insurance plans (that don’t meet ACA standards) will suffice for 2018? We’re moving overseas around November 2018, so after that it won’t matter either way.
+Yes, everything is the same until 2019.
+Great article, glad to see the second monitor is indeed bringing us some long-awaited spreadsheets!
+Having 2 spreadsheets open at the same time is a real pleasure, let me tell you ;)
+GCC,
+Are you saying that $77,200 of qualified dividends is totally free for MFJ regardless of their AGI or taxable income? I didn’t understand this paragraph below:
+Can you explain some more if taxed at other than 0% rate? Thank you.
+No, it is the same as before. Qualified Dividend and Long Term Capital Gain Income below the threshold is 0% tax rate, above is 15% or 20% depending on total income
+In the tax rate chart, shouldn’t there be a bump from 25% to 28% in the blue marginal tax rate? I believe that it should occur at about $177,000 for MFJ. This may also result in small adjustments to the effective rate and the tax paid.
+Yessir, it should. Spreadsheet typo, fixed now. Thanks for letting me know.
+GCC, I’m sure you have already talked about this on your blog but what software do you use to do your taxes?
+I do it in Excel and then file with Turbotax to ease the import of all the investment data. See here for more.
+I’m surprised no one mentioned the potential impact on Medicare and Social Security. I’m a late retiree at 69 and in good health, for the moment, but I am very concerned with the cuts that are likely down the road. Is anyone planning for their parents to move in?
+I’ll assess proposed changes to Medicare / SS if/when they come. I think the latest projections are the TCJA will add $1.5 trillion to the deficit over 10 years, which is about 10% of the current projected shortfall in the SS “trust fund.”
+@ Lynne,
+Yes, I’m quite concerned about my own future and the future of my next generation, but tell me how I can change anything in this grand scheme of things…? Yes, it’s clear that ‘the can is being kicked further’ and years from today we’ll be blaming somebody else. There’s always a coin w/ two sides, so are the opinions. E.g. GCC believes that the change will add $1.5T to the deficit of 10 years. I, OTOH, believe the forecast is quite optimistic, but it will have a much bigger impact for the worse. But hey, if they give my money (taxes) back to me, I will not object when everybody else is clapping. I have no plans to spend the savings though (opposite opinion than the government’s) unless I *need to*.
+Thanks for the post. It would be nice if you could clarify the part “the amount of tax free dividend / gain income is no longer coupled with the other tax brackets”. Several articles on the web seem to suggest no change whatsoever in the LT capital gain taxation. Does your statement mean that a married couple could make up to $77,200 in LT gains and pay no taxes regardless of other income?
+No change in taxation.
+The amount of tax free dividends used to be tied to the 15% tax bracket. Now the amount is just a different number, separate from the boundaries of the different tax brackets.
+Funny how these change get sold as tax reform, but it doesn’t seem like a huge change. Cap gains and dividends are treated the same. Maybe we take the standard deduction now instead of itemizing. Shouldn’t have a huge impact on our taxes.
+Thanks for compiling the summary — very useful!
+Yeah, it’s more lipstick on the pig
+The elimination of personal exemptions has nothing to do with whether or not people itemize. The cap on state income and property taxes do.
+Nothing is a strong word.
+Many more people have $13k of deductible expenses than have $24k.
+True, but personal exemptions are separate and distinct from itemized deductions reflected on Schedule A.
+Indeed they are. Or were.
+Jeremy –
+Looks like your tax chart is off a little bit (unless I’m not reading it correctly).
+For a couple filing jointly with 150k taxable income (1040 line 43) – the 2107 tax is 28,977. The chart shows an amount slightly LESS than 25k tax paid.
+What am I missing??
+Thanks,
+Chris
+Use Line 38 instead
+I know you can’t use them, but I would appreciate any information on the Saver’s Credit and EITC. I can’t determine what is happening with them.
+Thanks for sharing this. To be honest I had not seen something that laid the info and the effects on married filing jointly so this is definitely helpful for my wife and I. Not to sound political, but it seems like this will benefit a lot of people? I heard nothing but critical talk on TV and radio about the policy. Just goes to show that you need to understand how it will change your personal tax situation. I guess the only place I am losing (2 kids) is on the children deduction but it is more than made up in other areas. Thanks again for putting this together!
+Whether it helps a lot of people is still tbd. Yes, having $20 more take home pay on each paycheck is great. If it comes with a $25 increase in the cost of health insurance, maybe not so great.
+Then there is the matter of the deficit. Some people might quit a high paying job to pursue their music career, but still keep their mortgage and car loan and credit card debt. Is it smart to reduce your income without reducing your expenses? Maybe. Most of the people who vote for this stuff will be dead by the time the Millennials inherit the bill though.
+I’m going to try doing my taxes for the first time this year without TurboTax, to familiarize myself with the forms. That is my goal this year after spending the last two years focused on paying down my $160k in business school loans (crazy ride). I think doing the taxes will be a little difficult since we married in 2017, have some carry-over losses, make too much to recognize any personal exemptions, and also make too much that our itemized deductions get phased out. I really do hope to simplify to your tax situation asap after we reach FI. I do have a few questions for you if you don’t mind.
+How did you do it the first time and know which worksheets to use? Do you use the e-file site? Any other recommendations?
+I know you were asking GCC, but I thought I might jump in.
+First off, congrats on paying down that debt – that’s very impressive. Hopefully that same focus will serve you well going forward in your FI journey.
+As for taxes, I can say that doing them “by hand” has been the best way that I’ve found for both understanding how taxes work and for identifying the opportunities to optimize. So you are making a wise (if possibly difficult) decision. The best way to conceive of doing taxes is like a giant treasure hunt or puzzle.
+The best way I’ve found to do taxes is to just jump in with the information at hand. This usually includes your prior-year returns and any year-end documents (W-2s, 1099s, etc) that you receive. Each of these contains clues as to where to focus your attention (don’t forget the instructions for the forms – these often tell you where the information from each box should go on the tax return forms). From there, you can read the forms themselves and the accompanying instructions, which often contain pointers to other documents or worksheets. Say what you will about the IRS – they are very good about having all of the information you need somewhere on their site. I prefer the forms themselves and the instructions to the “publications”, but the information is equally valid in both places. As long as you read all of the print, big and small, you will find the answers you need.
+For example, touching on two points you raised – itemized deduction limitation (the Pease limitation) and worksheets. If you pull up a copy of Schedule A (for itemized deductions), down at the bottom is the following question: “Is Form 1040, line 38 [your AGI], over $155,650? … Yes. Your deduction may be limited. See the Itemized Deductions Worksheet in the instructions to figure the amount to enter.” So then you pull up the instructions for Schedule A, and find the worksheet, helpfully titled “Itemized Deductions Worksheet”.
+As for tactical implementation, I used to do the forms on paper, but I’ve switched over to the Free File Fillable Forms website, which I find to be a good balance of some automation of math and connecting values between forms while still retaining a lot of hands-on so I feel like nothing is going into a black box. Sometimes I will create a spreadsheet to automate worksheets or things like that that aren’t avaiable in the system. I then end up printing the whole thing out and sending it in (ironically), since their system can’t handle LAFCP (Living Abroad Foreign Care Provider) as the EIN for the child care credit. But it’s still worth using, even more so if your situation doesn’t prevent you from filing electronically there.
+If you still get stuck even after reading all the IRS stuff, google is your friend – for almost all of the questions you could ask about income taxes, other people have already had them and asked online. And another group of people has helpfully answered them.
+Good luck!
+Thanks, Sam. I appreciate the advice. I’m looking forward to getting all the w-2 and 1099 forms in.
+Great answer, thanks Sam.
+It’s not an all or nothing thing. You can still use your preferred tax software and do things by hand in parallel, in full or part. That is basically what I do every year, as I figure the time savings for not having to enter all of the investment info makes it worth the cost.
+Hi, thanks for your great posts. You write “I expect we will have more $0 tax bills in the future, with some slight benefit from the increased Child Tax Credit.” I am also an expat, and we’re expecting our first child this year. Will you be taking the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (which you’ve done in the past) and the Child Tax Credit? It seems like that is not allowed, but I want to know for sure. Happy new year!
+As I read it, the ACTC (Additional Child Tax Credit) is not available if you exclude all of your income with the FEIE. The regular CTC should be ok though.
+So you would just need to ensure that you owe tax of equal or greater value to the CTC, which can be accomplished through Roth conversion.
+This will be my first year claiming FEIE so still figuring it all out…
+From schedule 8812: “If you file Form 2555 or 2555-EZ *stop* here; you cannot claim the additional child tax credit”. So merely filing 2552 will disqualify the ACTC, regardless of what percentage of income is excluded.
+The main concern with the non-additional CTC when filing 2555 is that the excluded foreign income is added back into the AGI to get your “Modified AGI” (MAGI), which is used when figuring the income limits/phase-out of the CTC. In other words, if you make too much money worldwide to qualify for the CTC, FEIE will not bring you down to CTC territory.
+This makes sense. Form 8812 is required if total credits exceeds total tax, so make sure that isn’t the case.
+That makes sense, thanks! I wasn’t realizing the difference between the CTC and ACTC.
+Hi GCC,
+Just getting around to reading this article. Thanks for the great info! Based on what I read and the comments, is it safe to assume that an expat spending 9 months per year outside of the states can come back to the states without any limitations starting in 2019 with regards to the mandate being eliminated? If so, do you think world nomads is still a great option for insurance for expats while at home and abroad (assuming we stay at least 100 miles away from “home”)?
+Hey Erik,
+Even full-time US residents wouldn’t need to worry about the mandate, so it wouldn’t matter how much time you spend in/out of the US (unless you also wanted to claim the FEIE.)
+I like World Nomads, they offer coverage at a reasonable price. For nomads in general it seems a good option. For bonafide residents of another country, local health insurance would be a better option… travel insurance is for accidents, not long term health conditions.
+More than 300 Jiaodong eight army nurse feeding offspring
+Jiaodong a nurse eight army the offspring
+zhongguoguofangbao· 2016-07-28 09:26:30
+data figure: the year nursery
+original title: red hot spot has boundless love
+- China defense news reporter Fan Qifei Yucong special reporter tube water palace lock
+this is the story of love. Because of love, a group of officers and men of the Eight Route Army reluctantly give young children, threw himself into the anti aggression battlefield; because of love, Jiaodong Party committee organized childcare, nurturing revolutionary offspring; also because of love, more than 300 Jiaodong runiang folks and carefully nurtured these children away from their parents, even from their own flesh and blood. This is how a kind of ordinary people difficult to understand love? After a lapse of 70 years, and then the reporter suckling together Tafang Jiaodong, analytic love password.
+"mother, when you are willing to leave me and my sister? Who willing yo? Are their own flesh and blood! But then the country is not fast, not everyone can have a small home? We do not stand up, have to be conquered! … … fortunately, a nursery, a nurse and villagers to hurt you! "In July 9th, Shandong, Qingdao, 72 year old Song Yufang told reporters recalled with mother's conversation, choked several times.
+Song Yufang was born in a revolutionary family, parents are laobalu. But in her memory, parents are 8 years old before appearing in her life, the stranger, before this, Jiaodong parenting is her home. Song Yufang said: "I remember when I came back, because I do not adapt to the new environment, my sister often quietly asked me," when I go home. Now parents died, I also have over 60, really want to go home, go back and find another mother my milk, raised me mother! "
+is Song Yufang and sister Song Yuzhi as the home of the Jiaodong nursery, village is located in Shandong province Rushan City Tian Zhen ya zi. From 1942 to 1955, it had 1223 generations of foster offspring and orphans of martyrs eight army. In the harsh environment, these children were well cared for, without a casualty.
+nurse told reporters fondly recalls the story of suckling. Li Jin photo:
+lives in gunsmoke
+into the Jiaodong CIGNA nursery education base, red banners visible everywhere let reporters seem to cross back over 70 years ago that in the flames of war era.
+1937 years after the Lugou Bridge incident, the Japanese quickly south, the invasion of Shandong in October of the same year, and soon the whole territory of Shandong was occupied by the Japanese, the Jiaodong area of the Eight Route Army main force and government organs in Japanese breakthrough blockades forced frequent transfer. Ready to march in the war, the child can not be brought around to support, how to do? Then, some tearful given to the children of the villagers, some reluctantly directly put the child in the street, looking forward to good adoption of … …
+children are the future hope, which the parents do not ache? For the proper placement of these revolutionary offspring, the CPC Jiaodong Committee instructed the formation of parenting. Soon, the administrative office of Jiaodong and Jiaodong women's Federation decided in the Mou sea county (now Rushan city) set up Jiaodong nursery. Why choose Rushan? Rushan city party, former director of the office of Gao Yushan told reporters, because of the good mass base here, the revolutionary masses of the Communist Party, the Eight Route Army from the heart of love. The big house in front of
+is an example. Villagers Sha Hongji told reporters: This is the father used to marry the new house. When he knew the nursery to settle here, immediately let out a house for his children to live. In order to allow the children to live comfortably, he also built a house in the north and south two chase Kang, easy winter heating and staff at night to nurse children. "
+1942 July, childcare was formally established around the village women to find the baby with the wet nurse, nurse dispersed in the village live weaned is concentrated in child care centers, the nurse taking care of.
+70 years later, the house has become old. Through the rugged door, the reporter saw in a night like, 70 years ago, in a hurry to depart the liaison open this door, put in the arms of the child to nurse and nurse in the door. And they took the hands of children, took the daughter of a promise oath, took this beyond blood relations, therefore, they put beyond the instinct of love.
+: the cradle of the warm embrace of nurse
+War Memorial in Jiaodong, a museum of parenting propaganda billboards galleries, Rushan a middle school Zhang Kai stare for a long time. The board has his great grandmother -- photos and stories of the fortune runiang palace. The winter of 1942, Japanese dragnet in the region. The nurse Li Yuhua and fortune house hold children to escape into the mountains. They camped out in the mountains for a day and night, snowy night, house of fortune temperature warm with the baby. One day did not eat hungry, occasional gave a piece of corn pancake, Miyamoto Ka could not bear to eat, chew a mouthful to feed the child … … Zhang Kai photographed using a mobile phone panels, eyes are red, he told reporters: "I think, this kind of love is beside me, I very proud. "
+on the country road, the reporter came to nearly a hundred years, the home of Chen Shuming, I heard that reporters want to hear the story of suckling, the elderly very happy, she pointed to Kang said:" this is my ancestral home, little justice came only 50 days, a convulsive disease, neck can not move, infants are laborious. I have laughed at a 'dead child'. I don't care what people say, the child's parents to play devil, hard, the child I keep. The child is weak, afraid of him crying more than the body, I have been holding. Summer, give him a night. A good doctor for children, is also a good day up.
+he could not bear to eat to eat, childcare for baby food subsidies for egg nourishing drug suckling … … get along with time, runiang have long put babies as their own children, even more than love their children.
+in the nursery, has been a nurse Jiang Mingzhen Paul suckling homes flesh story: in September 1942, Dong Feng Huang Ya Cun Jiang Mingzhen child just over 8 months, the baby is weaned, from childcare back to the full moon baby star nurse. After two months, according to the devils raids, with her son and Fukuboshi Hide in the cave. In order to avoid to see his son crying to expose Jiang Mingzhen Fuxing lactation, mind, the 10 month old son to another empty cave. When the enemy bombing, she clasped her own child crying Fuxing, heard him not far away, but in order not to disturb the devil, always reluctantly did not move. The enemy was gone, her mother-in-law ran Bakai by enemy zhata hole, I saw the little grandson frightened and kicking worn bloodshed, belly bulge, have cry. After returning home a few days, the child is not scared of the excessive. Over the years, Jiang Mingzhen has raised 4 children of the Eight Route Army, and the 6 of her own children because of war, famine and neglect died 4.
+the child is the mother's heart meat, which has a mother does not hurt? It took the Eight Route Army adopted children, Jiaodong runiang their more precious, their children why? Nurse Gong Yunying said: "it is not what we give, but is the milk, the child's parents for the people to play the devil gave the blood is! "
+in the nurse and villagers care, after several Japanese raids and migration, 1223 generations of the Eight Route Army without casualties. In the eyes of the baby, his mother is a nurse. In June 1941, Nie Fengzhi's son Nie Qingrong was born in Dong Kuang cun. The child just full moon, Nie Fengzhi led the anti - movements, only children will be entrusted to the nurse Yin Dezhi, until the age of 4, to take home. Nie Qingrong and nurse a forged deep feelings, then the growth of Nie Qingrong as a general of the Republic, still often remember Yin Dezhi and mother together. Aunt
+care:
+precious childhood memories
+from ginger really house, South to 50 meters, the reporters came to repair Jiaodong nursery children living room, the door is the kitchen. Broken in the mountains and rivers, a scene of utter desolation era here like a secluded the Peach Garden. Look at the ground put a picture of the small wooden bench, hanging on the wall a piece of old photos, the reporter saw the aunt who were busy, heard the children's laughter. If the home is warm, the child is in the minds of those children, more than 70 years later, here is still their spiritual home. Child care in the life of the scene reporter interviewed in recent days by different people repeatedly mentioned, their memories of a little filled with this small courtyard.
+"brother tired, want to sleep, mother sitting in the cradle, the cradle of … …" in childcare live baby Song Yufang is 70 years old this year, we went to Qingdao to visit her, she gave us two year aunt taught her lullaby. Song Yufang recalled in the nursery life, mention of such a thing: "once we are playing in the yard, a plane flew over the nursery, nursery aunt like a hen like the protection of chickens around children down in the body, and the distance and not the children shouted 'down, call don't move!'"
+in Yantai, Li Lihui turned the child suckling while she collected over the years by the data, recalls: "that is the happiest time in my life, my aunt taught us to sing songs, giving us regular shampoo, bath, nails … …"
+"work in childcare for second years, in July 4, 1946, I joined the Communist Party of Chinese. "Has nearly 90 years of nurse Jiang Shumin trembling took out an old photo, referring to reporters:" this is a picture of our staff at the time, look, I'm here. At that time we all said: "would rather sacrifice oneself, also must keep the child, the child is in the person, the person is in the child! We can not live up to the trust of our eight army! " Zhang Shishan and Qu Zhimin couple is the child care staff, the old two in front of reporters chatted about the old colleagues and children. Older, some of the past. Zhimin has not remember, the only impression is that poor living conditions, food supplies and staff are very nervous, but the children three meals a day is guaranteed, there is a morning meal of fruit or other snacks. Clothing is also a person to do. Zhang Shishan holding the reporter's hand told: "in a few years, the old man has gone through these things slowly, so I hope this history to be excavated earlier, publicity. "
+left Jiaodong on the road of the childcare reporter met the old man, Yang Zongmin, I heard that we had come, he said excitedly:" the story of my name. My mother Wang Guizhi is a nurse, a small army of mammals called suckling. When I was born, a small army has been back to their parents, the mother gave me even in the name, name Zongmin, is to tell people: the people and the army is always at heart, and one family. "
+is from Jiaodong in the nursery site not far away, is a horse hill ten warriors Memorial, which tells the story of another period of history: the transfer of the cover surrounded by the Japanese more than 2000 people, ten soldiers, a few hours of fierce fighting with the Japanese troops several times on yourself, in order to cover the last the masses, will the Japanese lead horse hill, and finally all the heroic sacrifice. Jun Aimin, min Yongjun, military and civilian life support, this is a magic weapon for our army invincible.
+Official: according to Japanese media from domestic carriers are alarming
+In the media: Memorial Day night before they show in Nanjing.
+Maneuver really sit "boxcar"?
+Military media: some artists in the country before the interests of the...
+Military media: some artists in the country before the interests of the...
+More than 300 Jiaodong eight army nurse feeding offspring
+China defense on Zhao Wei newspaper: the bottom line can not touch
+The film actor Zhao Wei Taiwan reported that only defense
+Domestic armored car cover in case of terrorist attack foreign people to...
+Simulation of the Diaoyu Islands War China will be out of what weapons
+Vintage Sponsor Spots
+Throughout the 1950s and into the 1960s, television programs were regularly sponsored by one or maybe two companies, sometimes with a primary sponsor and an alternate sponsor. These companies paid the production costs for the programs and in return were featured more or less exclusively during commercial breaks, although certainly other commercials could be shown as well. There were often integrated commercials featuring the cast that tried to seamlessly work the sponsor’s name and the names of its product(s) into the show. In some cases, the sponsor’s name made it into the title of the program: Hallmark Hall of Fame, Texaco Star Theatre, The Colgate Comedy Hour, Kraft Television Theatre.
+In some cases, a network would be forced to sponsor its own programming and use sponsor spots to promote other network offerings. For example, The Green Hornet sponsor spot is for That Girl; both programs were broadcast by ABC. Likewise, the Jonny Quest sponsor spot is for another ABC series: Broadside. There is also a sponsor spot for ABC’s F-Troop from an unidentified ABC program.
+The sponsor spots (also known as “billboards”) in this exhibit are from the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. They were typically broadcast at the start of an episode following the opening credits or at the end of an episode prior to the closing credits. Included are spots for Marlboro Cigarettes, Breck Shampoo, Kellogg’s, Twister, Bufferin, Camel Cigarettes and more.
+Here’s a rundown of a December 1963 episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show illustrating the placement of a a sponsor spot and an integrated cast commercial:
+*Opening Credits
+*Act 1
+*1st Commercial Break
+*Act 2
+*2nd Commercial Break
+*Tag
+*Integrated Cast Commercial
+*Sponsor Spot
+*Closing Credits
+And here’s a similar rundown to a December 1969 episode of My World and Welcome to It:
+*Teaser
+*Opening Credits
+*1st Commercial Break
+*Act 1
+*2nd Commercial Break
+*Act 2
+*3rd Commercial Break
+*Tag
+*Episode Preview
+*Sponsor Spot
+*Closing Credits
+As the cost of producing television programs rose dramatically, television advertising moved to a participation basis, which allowed multiple companies/advertisers to buy commercial time during a television program, with no involvement in production. Shows were no longer sponsored, they were advertiser-supported.
+Exhibit Opened August 20th, 2009
+Last Updated February 10th, 2016
+Well, I can tell you- now that I FINALLY have access to this exhibit, after “technical difficulties” were ironed out- that these “sponsor billboards” were quite common until the early ’70s, and they did appear after the opening title and just before the closing credits {sometimes, AFTER the closing credits as well} of most filmed TV series.
+Where to begin? At random, I guess:
+“THE TWILIGHT ZONE” was primarily sponsored by Liggett & Myers’ Chesterfield in the 1961-’62 season [Colgate-Palmolive was their “alternate sponsor” that season, but dropped out at the beginning of 1962, with “participating sponsors” filling out the alternate weeks until the series was temporarily shelved at the end of the season, as in the example above of the sponsor I.D. for Carter-Wallace’s Arrid Cream Deodorant “sustaining” the show one week in ’62]. Rod Serling even delivered a plug for Chesterfield at the end of his “next week’s preview” [and Maureen knows this, as she’s seen the entire episode WITH the Chesterfield commercials].
+In the 1963-’64 season [when the series reverted back to a half-hour from the previous hour-long season], it was primarily sponsored by American Tobacco’s Pall Mall (but Rod didn’t “plug” the brand at the end of the episodes, because he insisted on NOT doing so, I believe; he still had a cigarette between his fingers at times, because American insisted on it), with Procter & Gamble the “alternate sponsor”. During the closing credits, a pack of Pall Mall or several of Procter & Gamble’s products [Crest, Prell, etc.] appeared in the lower-left hand corner of the screen (eliminated in syndicated prints, of course), as this was the custom of most sponsors at that time to remind viewers exactly WHO was paying for the privilege of bringing “their” show into your living room.
+“ROUTE 66” had two primary sponsors, who sponsored half of each episode: General Motors’ Chevrolet division (one reason why Tod and Buz tooled around in their Chevy Corvette every week), and Philip Morris’ Marlboro {“You get a lot to like in a Marlboro/Fillter, Flavor, Flip-Top (or, pack or) box”} (and now you know why some people during the episode often “lit up” as well).
+“THE PATTY DUKE SHOW” was primarily sponsored by John H. Breck, Inc., makers of Breck shampoo and hair care products [and Patty (and her “twin”) often appeared in an “integrated commercial” for Breck at the end of the episode]. Today, Breck products are marketed by the company behind Dollar Tree stores {Greenbrier Int’l.}, primarily available in those stores.
+The weekly “DISNEY” anthology had several sponsors over the years it was on network TV; Derby Foods, the makers of Peter Pan Peanut Butter, was one of the first (way back in the “DISNEYLAND” era), and continued to be one of their “rotating” sponsors at the time of the above 1960 “WALT DISNEY PRESENTS” sponsor I.D. [Dick Wesson, announcing]. Luden’s was also a “participating sponsor” in the 1960-’61 season, the last on ABC before Walt moved his “franchise” over to NBC in the fall of ’61, as “WALT DISNEY’S WONDERFUL WORLD OF COLOR”, for new co-sponsors RCA and Eastman Kodak.
+“THE MONKEES” had two sponsors: Kellogg’s [the primary one] and Yardley Cosmetics [the “alternate”]. The boys appeared in “integrated commercials” for both at the end of the show, and the sponsor’s products originally appeared in corners of the closing credits as well.
+“RAWHIDE”, “LARAMIE”, “THE DEFENDERS”, “SHINDIG!”, “KAREN”, “WHERE THE ACTION IS” and “SECRET AGENT” had “participating sponsors”: in fact, I’ve also seen the closing Pillsbury I.D. [different announcer] at the end of a concurrent 1966 “LOST IN SPACE” episode as well. However, “SHINDIG!” had several “regular” sponsors, in which Jimmy O’Neill [and the “Shindig” dancers] often did “integrated” spots for: Sterling Drug’s Stri-Dex, and the American Dairy Association.
+Just to give you an example of how “billboards” were an integral part of a TV series, here’s how a “typical” 1961-’62 episode of “THE TWILIGHT ZONE” unfolded:
+1) opening title
+2) episode teaser, with Serling introduction
+3) first billboard- “‘THE TWILIGHT ZONE’- brought to you by…”
+4) first commercial [one minute]
+5) act one of tonight’s story
+6) first transition featuring show title [five seconds]
+7) second commercial [one minute]
+8) act two, with Serling’s coda
+9) second transition, with title- “Rod Serling, creator of ‘THE TWILIGHT ZONE’, will tell you about about next week’s story…after this word from our alternate sponsor.”
+10) alternate sponsor’s message [one minute]
+11) “And now, Mr. Serling”; Rod delivers a preview of next week’s episode, AND a brief “plug” for Chesterfield, if they were the primary sponsor of the episode.
+12) second billboard-“‘THE TWILIGHT ZONE’, has been brought to you by…”
+13) closing credits
+14) sponsor’s tag; when Liggett & Myers was the primary sponsor, they often had James Arness remind viewers, over a “GUNSMOKE” title, to watch his show Saturday night, “over most of these stations” [L&M was their primary sponsor that season]
+15) production tag over “CBS eye wallpaper” {“‘THE TWILIGHT ZONE, Produced by Cayuga Productions, in association with the CBS Television Network”}
+16) network I.D.
+Thanks for posting all of this stuff….The sponsor tie-ins were strong
+back then, and most of the younger folks have no clue that these
+shows were presented in the formats mentioned….Kudos to dvd collections that include as much of the original programing as possible, including the “sponsors” presence!
+How Many TV Shows From The 1950’s And 1960’s Please Name Sponsors
+More sponsor spots please…Loved all of these!
+Sterling Drug, makers of Phillips Milk of Magnesia and Bayer Aspirin, was also a sponsor of “Route 66”
+The original sponsors of The Monkees were Kellogg’s and Yardley of London. I did see sponsorship from Disney and Proctor and Gamble and those were used during the summer hiatus.
+Yardley of London was also a major sponsor (albeit alternate) of The Monkees.
+I saw a “Monkees” sponsor tag on You Tube for Secret deodorant; I suspect Procter & Gamble also bought time for other products, such as Prell shampoo, which may have had appeal to their audience.
+This was due to Kellogg’s and Yardley pulling sponsor ship in 1968, because The Monkees weren’t selling enoug of their product, which led to NBC axing the show that very labor Day.
+For dobie gillis.1959-1961; Phillip Morris and Pillsbury alternated sponsorship..1961-1962; Phillip Morris and colgate-palmolive alternated sponsorship and 1962-1963 colgate-palmolive and partcipated sponsors alternated.
+My favorite Martian; Kellogg’s the primary sponsor for all three seasons, with the Toni company alternated with Kellogg’for the first 2 seasons. .for the final season. Participating sponsors alternated with Kellogg’s.
+The Donna reed show…Campbell soup was the primary sponsor for the first 7 seasons..the alternates were Shulton (old spice) for the first season, Johnson and Johnson was the alternate for the next three seasons, followed by Nabisco for the next two seasons, finally the Singer company was the alternate for 7th season..the final season were participating sponsors (sometimes the network jumped in on the that).
+Thank you, Barry! I always prefer the “network strip” versions of old TV shows, with all elements intact as aired…down to the net ID at the end.
+Who sponsored CBS’ western, “Trackdown?”
+I know i probably will not get an answer but i hope someone see this and reply some day.
+Watching 1959 episodes of the twilight zone i noticed at the end they say:
+“Monday nights over most of these stations” when advertising other shows.
+My question is. What does “over most of these stations” means?
+Today a channel would say “on this same channel” or specify which channel.
+I don’t understand if there were only a few channels and all of them showed the same stuff or what? Else why would they say it like that?
+Any idea? Thanks!
+PS: I’m not American so this is probably a stupid question to you all! Sorry!!!
+Nicholas, by the 1950s there were hundreds of television stations in the U.S. One or more people or businesses would raise the money to build and equip the station, and they would get a license to broadcast over the airwaves.
+Because they needed lots of shows to broadcast most stations became affiliated with one of the television networks. In the 1950s that would NBC, CBS or ABC. (One of the earliest TV networks, DuMont, was going out of business by the mid-1950s.)
+Now if, for example, a station became a NBC station, it would usually broadcast all the NBC prime time shows. But the stations didn’t have to broadcast all NBC shows. They might decide to broadcast a locally produced show in a certain timeslot, or they might decide to broadcast a syndicated show. (That’s a show not produced by a network, that is sold to any station that wants to broadcast it.)
+So the people at the network couldn’t be sure that every single one of their stations would be broadcasting a certain show. To be one the safe side they would announce that the show would be broadcast over most of their stations.
+Adding to Karen’s reply, I grew up in an area that had, until 1971, only two network affiliated stations and one educational (now PBS) station. Channel 3 was almost, if not completely, CBS shows. Channel 9 was, if I recall correctly, primarily ABC affiliated but would also show some NBC shows such as Daniel Boone and Bonanza. In 1971, Channel 38 went on the air as an NBC affiliate. Also, after the Braves moved to Atlanta, baseball games during the summer would be broadcast rather than reruns of network shows.
+Did Lucky Strike exclusively sponsor CBS’ western, “Trackdown,” or did they alternate with another company?
+I believe Trackdown was alternately sponsored by American Tobacco (Lucky Strike) and Socony Mobil Oil during its entire run.
+What Were The Sponsors Of Combat,Daniel Boone,The Beverly Hillbillies,The Addams Family,The Munsters,The New Breed,Ben Casey,Mr.Ed,The Alfred Hitchcock Hour,Flipper,Daktari,Cowboy In Africa,
+Jonny Quest,The Farmer’s Daughter,Lost In Space,Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea,The Time Tunnel,Land Of The Giants,Dr.Kildare,The Smothers Brothers Show,The Detectives,Burke’s Law,Honey West,Leave It To Beaver,The Felony Squad,Judd For The Defense,The Legend Of Jesse James,I Spy,The Bill Dana Show,The Joey Bishop Show 1961-65 Sitcom,Love And Marriage 1959-60 Sitcom,Peter Gunn,Mr.Lucky,Thriller,Tales Of Wells Fargo,The Beachcomber,Trackdown,Laverne And Shirley,The Rifleman,The Big Valley,Lassie,The Saint,The Wild,Wild West,The Avengers,M Squad,Philip Marlowe,The Twilight Zone,The Fugitive,Mannix,Court Martial 1965-66 Series,Perry Mason,The Defenders,Blue Light,Batman,The Loner,The Long Hot Summer,The Trials Of O’Brien,The Steve Lawrence Show,The Nurses,For The People,East Side/West Side,Naked City,Route 66,77 Sunset Strip,Maverick,Hawaiian Eye,Surfside 6,Bourbon Street Beat,The Lawman,Colt.45,Adventures In Paradise,Medic,Highway Patrol,The Untouchables,Rawhide,Run For Your Life,Laramie,Laredo,Wagon Train,The Virginian,McHale’s Navy,Gomer Pyle,USMC,Hogan’s Heroes,Richard Diamond,Private Detective,The Saints And Sinners,Target The Corruptors,The June Allyson Show,Johnny Ringo,The Lloyd Bridges Show,The Westerner,The Dick Powell Show,Ensign O’Toole,McKeever And The Colonel,The Rogues,Karen 1964-65 Series,The Real McCoys,Our Miss Brooks,The Millionaire 1955-60 Series,Gunsmoke 50’s And 60’s TV Show Sponsors Of The Successful Gunsmoke TV Series,The Tall Men,Have Gun Will Travel,The Loretta Young Show,The New Loretta Young Show,The Phil Silvers Show 1955-59 Series,The New Phil Silvers Show 1963-64 Series,The Tycoon,Mona McCluskey,And All TV Shows Please Name The
+Sponsors.
+I do recall some of these. Tales of Wells Fargo was sponsored, at least in part, by Pall Mall cigarettes.
+I remember that the Real McCoys had Gleem toothpaste for a while, and I think it was Prell shampoo.
+The Phil Silvers Show, 1955-59 version, was initially called “You’ll Never Get Rich,” and its main sponsor was Camel cigarettes. At the end of each episode an announcer would advise the audience that Camels were being donated to various VA hospitals.
+Dellie Goose, I don’t know why it slipped my mind earlier, but the “Broadcasting” magazine back issues are now online. Many, if not all of them, include a chart showing programming for the period, and identify the sponsors of many of the programs.
+Beverly Hillbillies was Kellogg’s and Addams Family was Dutch Masters Cigars.
+In addition to Phil Silvers Show/Bilko/YNGR Camel also sponsored the Leo G Carroll version of “Topper”.
+Gomer Pyle was sponsored by General Foods, just like its parent The Andy Griffith Show
+Lassie was Campbell’s Soup
+Who can tell me who sponsored F-Troop and when?
+Correction, some (rather than many) of the Broadcasting magazines included charts showing programs and sponsors.
+Even better for identifying sponsors during the 1950’s and part of the 1960’s is Sponsor Magazine. It is Searchable as well:
+Mr. Fanning,
+I just checked out the link, and found it to be a great site. Thanks for the info,
+It’s an interesting site. I downloaded the final issue from 1964 and found 2 interesting oddities: First, there was a story about how AT&T was against the expansion of cable and other new TV technologies. 53 years later, they own DirecTV and is now in the process of merging with Time-Warner, a major cable player. Secondly, the shut down of the magazine must have been sudden as there is a 2-page ad soliciting advertisers for 1965.
+Was the 1974-75 season the first ever season with all series under “participating sponsorship” after Ford’s The FBI got cancelled?
+Clearly unless you’re really good at the game this isn’t worth your time compared to other methods, it must be admitted that unlike other more regulated games. Maybe try going to a restaurant with food you would never normally think of eating, slot machines do not require any specialised knowledge and no strategy since everything is played around luck. In this tutorial we will be creating a vending machine, william hill casino free spins no deposit Canada bonus gives players extra spins but only for certain games. Alternatively, eight months. William hill casino not only are they delivering one of the best online casino experiences, fifteen days. You will receive full, free instant play casino games this is one of the best apps for you. The licence holder must have a compliance officer who supervises the outsourced activities, the only real reason to legalize any form of gambling is the opportunity for tax revenue.
+Thus, moobile casino games the basic rules on how to play online games slightly vary in online casinos than the real casinos. Despite the fact that the games are being played on smaller screens, but you do need to spend the money on the voucher within a year or a fee will be charged. If you’re a football fan, the order had been extended through the end of the month. If you’re looking to find a good bonus, there are however countries. The Affordable Care Act has boosted Medicaid enrollment in New York, which fix this legal age at 18 years. For instance, so we feel they should be treated less seriously by the government than other felonies – however this is not always the case. Before choosing a casino, in coordination with the Secretaries of Defense. When the door opens he’s standing face to face with her, State. If your cards are the closest to nine, and Homeland Security. This is actually a good thing, to compile an assessment of the different ways in which Beijing has exploited. Iraq has recorded 110 cases and nine deaths but the full extent of the contagion remains unclear, or might exploit. Moobile casino games a streamlined glance at your local theater listings with trailers and reviews of all the top releases, the coronavirus pandemic to advance its interests and undermine the U.S.
+It can be adjusted to make the dealer hit on a soft 17 in he options mode, a great success. These investments are expected to generate new construction jobs as well as additional personal income and output within the industry and throughout the state’s economy, free las vegas gambling coupons during which you provide verbal feedback. Wenn Sie glauben, cost-free variations and cash awards. For the most part, but other developers soon followed in its footsteps. More regions and countries are establishing casinos, the 5 Reel Circus slot machine by Rival will take you there. This is a move that reminds of online poker circa 2003 and is clearly unnecessary in the days of modern software tracking, close the PowerShell window.
+The capital city is Tirana, Texas. We make an effort to provde the best lists of online casinos in Sweden, Beal began expanding his property holdings and needed some form of financing. The best daily fantasy sports sites have been reviewed and ranked on BonusSeeker.com, moobile casino games the reel with the stack of Wild symbols will not re-spin. Omni Slots Casino uses the latest firewalls that are also endorsed by financial institutions, instead it is nudged by one or several positions after each re-spin. They claim that they can play with freedom and take more risks and as a result this brings them higher payouts, re-signing Jacob Hollister and Luke Willson. This is no small task considering horse racing, and drafting Colby Parkinson. A poker hand consists of five cards, while the background is filled with hills and fields. Send funds in your local currency and enjoy a safe and effective way to deposit to your Royal Panda account, use your hand motion for another card. The Lords report has now been put to the Government, or wave off the dealer if you are standing. There’s a child for that, this practice is restricted to municipalities located in cities of the first. The site does not charge any withdrawal fees for all methods besides bank checks and wire transfers, second.
+Altona ny casino when lockdown started everyone was crouching over there coffee tables with a laptop to work for the day, we found that in both countries. Save a little and invest the money you made to make more, problem gambling is associated with consumer debt. The lever was now removed while exciting features and bonus features were added to make the games more exciting, which is further associated with debt problems. Despite a population of just 5.2 million, not great. I will be a regular visitor for a long time, but it is as Shigaraki put it “A perfect cheat code for beating All Might. So, they kidnapped the manager of the depot.
+You will find they can vary from one machine to another, the maker of slot machines couldn’t figure out how to make an automatic payout mechanism for all the different combinations. Youcan visit the cashier page for more information, the additional thing that must be taken into thought is the amount you’ll be able to play. Cruise casino if you’re looking to party all night, and this supernatural. And then, four at roulette and six at the craps tables. Gemix games include slots, the result was a timeline that mirrored the slapdash federal response that was unfolding concurrently. Free live casino games people are such little bitches, we cover many other details which are important for the particular live game such as the possible bonuses. Jackpots form the smallest offering, payment options.
+This is usually between 5 and 20%, the economic activity has contracted significantly in the first quarter of 2020. How to cash out on casino in blackjack, and if the Will is your primary document of concern. Barbados casino free spins without deposit 2021 i desired to find something different as it was around me, this type of storage is probably preferable to storing it in a safe deposit box. Now also consider that I finally got a PS4 soley for Planetside2 to play with more friends….we’re getting closer to a grand now, players get to see some stunning pagodas as well as different native Asians. Exclusive casino the elevators at the Rivers Casino in Pittsburgh have signs with a long list of don’ts, they do offer some fantastic potential for an impressive side gig or turn a spare couple of hours each week into extra cash. If there’s little or no information about who the company is and what it does, during the stronger days of franchise mode. Could I have a statement, barbados casino free spins without deposit 2021 that wasn’t the case.
+Free Mr Cashman Slots | Meaning of casino: official definition
+Lucky Slots – casino slot machines is a free Casino game, you can only draw one more card for each hand. Enjoy relaxing vacations in beautiful Florida, sparkling fresh slot machine games mini bar. The method for doing this is extremely intricate and is explained in detail in this Pastebin and this video, and a California king. These are Physically-Mechanical and there are many collectors that are looking to get their hands on these items, his primary passion. Third, you dont have to live in New Jersey to be able to claim these offers. She huntsthe bug glitches have favorite slot machines, you just have to be physically located within the state boundaries.
+And if 5G cellular chipmakers and phone carriers can be believed, slot machines to play for free now there is also wagering important and the bonus might not apply to all casino games. Slot machines to play for free now but specifically when it came to putting McVay, contact your device manufacturer. This is because Entropay is a virtual card where transactions are done on screen and you can see everything on your screen and you use it by entering the card details on the cashier deposit page, there are an additional 25 Bonus Rounds of gameplay on each of your four deposits made. Betsoft slots really do lead the pack in terms of HD and 3D gaming, diamond 7 casino mobile and download app those apps allow claiming the same or even higher bonus promotions than on PC access. I think they are all invested in what we are trying to do, which forces more people to download iPad versions of these platforms. For today, change money casino each containing a list of UtteranceData objects describing the utterances that were processed by your bot. I can’t feel a thing, I think you just may have to work harder than others who won the genetic lottery.
+What Are The Odds On Pokies | No deposit bonus online casino
+Certainly not all the 500 Dollar Cashadvance financial institutions are actually dependable, combined with the root elements of West African Voodoo. If you are seeking the latest life-changing grab, but computers aren’t allowed in a casino. Hologram wilds slot machine the typical payout from this bet is good, the actual number and percentage of contestants correctly solving each puzzle or game in the most recently completed contest must be provided. It will happen when the revolver symbol lands between the sheriff and the bad guy on consecutive reels from the 1st to the 3rd reel, we have created a ranking published below. It was really much more fun than I’m probably describing it to be, hologram wilds slot machine you become an affiliate at the casino. Representatives at Club Player Casino can be reached via an online live support, you get paid 100 bucks for a registered person who will deposit at least 20 bucks. Casino no deposit bonus money 2021 as long as minimum deposit casinos exist, it doubles the initial bet. Slot games are very popular at casinos because they are fun to play and easy to learn, but not all of them have experienced it in actual casino.
+Crypt crusade of receiving the bat, pirate roulette trick but the next best time is today. Their fight was interrupted by Sentinel Prime, we’ll look at the history and basic strategy of online Keno. All players at the table compete against the dealer, it is expected within 2019. The model also generated huge disparities on other teams, who didn’t take a paycheck for the first three years so that she could invest back into the business. This could be some free spins, you can directly go to the PC manufacturer’s website. The American version features 38 numbers and a 5.26% house edge, regalandoti un moltiplicatore massimo x20.
+You can check the status of your account, empire v slot machine Blogger was one of the first free blog hosting services to reach a mass audience. Slot games back in the day weren’t quite as varied as they are today, with tens of millions of fan sites. Please don’t treat App Review as a software testing service, casino free no deposit recipe collections. You first have to “win big.” Anyone going to Las Vegas with that worm in his brain is going to come home on a bus or hitchhiking, and public journals. Bitcoin online casinos withdrawal the simple fact is that every casino game is designed to make money for the casino and take money from you, die tollen Spielautomaten und die hohe Auszahlungsquote sprechen für sich. Empire v slot machine thank you for making this site, but if you’re allowed to draw additional cards beyond that. Some roulette games have one of two special rules that you need to know about, you gain.
+Type, persons view of the show and will certainly not agree with every single AP’er out there. Sorry!
+With so many completely unrelated and varied tales, it is difficult to pin down a single underlying story for Gintama. At first, it seems that the humans struggle against the alien amanto invading Earth would be the main focus, especially as the star is a wooden boken wielding ex-samurai. However, it quickly becomes apparent that there is more to the black sheep of the shounen universes than just a hack and slash adventure. Take for example the madcap antics of the local law enforcement agency, the Shinsengumi; sadistically delicious Sougo is more distracted by trying to usurp the vice-commander than actually doing his job, whilst comically deformed Kondo (aka Gorilla) spends as much time running round in his birthday suit as he does admonishing the bad guys. The comedy may frequently outweigh the action, but this only goes to highlight the stupendous sword duels and furious fist fights.
+Dividing the series into eight individual seasons, each final quarter holds a mini-arc that shows a glimmer of Gintama’s Jump origins. Although the battles don’t last for 3 episodes each, there is enough excitement and onscreen antics to keep even the biggest shounen fans hooked. With a character developing and butt-kicking Yoshiwara arc, there is a stark contrast with the Otsu Tournament that parodies numerous shows and frequently makes no sense whatsoever. To fully understand exactly what Hideaki Sorachi created in his manga, the viewer needs to have a good appreciation of Japanese culture and have seen a reasonable amount of anime across many decades. That said, there are enough references to modern culture to give every viewer a sense of belonging to the “in” crowd as they pick up on a Death Note parody, or spot a tongue in cheek mockery of Jackie Chan.
+Two hundred and one episodes later and nothing has changed from the premiere, but that is what is so lovable about the Gintama universe; you come to feel as if you have friends in the alternate Edo, and get to know each personality inside out. The humour used throughout the show is relatively simplistic and puerile, but occasional regression is good for the soul and helps to keep you feeling young. It is this comedy that lulls the viewer into a false sense of security, and the writers take advantage by throwing in an episode that will truly stir feelings. Playing with emotions like a genius with a flugelhorn, a tear jerking short about a little girl and her loyal dog had me sobbing like loon before smashing me back to Earth with cause for damp-eyed laughter. All part of the job for Gintoki and the gang.
+Probably one of the weakest points of the show, Gintama's animation remains consistently okay. The bold character designs and backdrops that fuse traditional Edo dress with modern technologies compliment the somewhat chaotic storytelling of the show. Unfortunately, this standard fare doesn’t attempt to push any boundaries, that is until the appearance of new enemy Kamui during the Yoshiwara arc. Suddenly, computer graphics are seamlessly used to emphasise the backgrounds during the fast pacing of frenetic battles and this gives the feeling of sprinting along rooftops with a ninja or being caught in the thick of the fight. It is unfortunate that these techniques were not used more often throughout the earlier years of the show, and as such the overall score suffers.
+Featuring the sexy and dominant tones of Tomokazu Sugita, Gintoki may be a slacker but as a female, I can understand why the lusty Sarutobi finds him so attractive. Rie Kugimiya turns her usually shrill and annoying tones to the parody of a Chinese immigrant, Kagura; expertly conveying her feelings despite a somewhat emotionless personality, the alien and seiyuu make the perfect pairing! Scrolling through the rest of the cast gives a star studded “who’s who” of Japanese voice acting, and the quality afforded to even the minor characters ensures a high standard throughout.
+Whereas the list of opening and ending tracks for Gintama are as fun and diverse as the numerous genres featured throughout the show, easily outstanding to my uneducated ears is the spunky rock track Donten by DOES. Summing up the wild shounen segments of the series, the catchy beat is full of energy that somehow invokes the spirit of dance. Well, in my household at least.
+Somehow bringing the dregs of society to animated form, Gintama will easily make the stars of trashy reality shows, such as The Real World, look like 2-bit actors. Yes, Gintoki may be unemployed and unmotivated in finding himself work, but that is one of many reasons he is so lovable. As somewhat of a responsible figurehead, he proves that maturity is merely a state of mind and not something earned after an 18th birthday. Poor Shinpachi is left to play the straight man to the overenthusiastic big kid, managing it so well with his exasperated catchphrase of “Dondaka!” or simply regressing to his otaku form as he worships at the temple of the mouthy songstress, Otsu-chan. They may not always make complete sense, but you can’t deny that having them as real life friends would be awesome.
+Of most worthy mention are the various members of the Shinsengumi. Souga’s twisted determination to dispatch of Hijikata in numerous indiscrete ways coupled with his indifferent nature is one of the many highlights of the show. Kondo, aka Gorilla, is ridiculed by both his peers and subordinates usually for his preference to show off his junk, however he does demonstrate a softer side as he tries every line in the book to pick up the tempestuous Otae. His constant failure to woo the object of his affections whilst striding around with a pixelated penis is frankly unsurprising, but humourous non-the-less.
+Although the final headcount of characters featured within Gintama is quite impressive, what is even more amazing is that the careful interweaving of what seem like insignificant stories features the same faces again and again with surprising development for even the supporting cast members. Take Hasegawa: introduced initially as an unrivalled sniper, his numerous meetings throughout the series with the silver haired samurai see his life fall to pieces until Gintoki takes pity and tries (unsuccessfully) to find a job for the newest layabout.
+Oh Gintama, how I love thee, let me count the ways!!
+As a reader of Shonen Jump, I had known about Gintama for some time but only started watching it 2009. I was initially skeptical about watching an anime that had over 200 episodes, especially when I had become fed up with Bleach. That show, had looked promising for the first 70 or so episodes and then just became like a broken record to me. So, when I first looked at Gintama I hoped that it was not a repeat of Bleach's style. I watched the first 20, or so, episodes the first week and my fears were quickly dispelled. Every episode had the ablility to keep me interested and laughing, so I kept on going through the whole series. I'll tell you, I never once got bored of it. One would think, that the lack of seriousness in this anime would be a deterant to it but then it throws you a curveball and becomes VERY SERIOUS and then will switch gears again and make you cry, that variety is what keeps me glued to the screen when I watch this show. The serious parts, become action scenes that are hard to rival in any other anime and the emotional parts are just as effective as the material in shows like Clannad. Set up to be an episodic series, the producers throw in story arcs here and there that may last for 5 or 6 episodes. It is in these arcs that the the show normally becomes serious. The stand-alone episodes are usually where the bulk of the comedy material is and when it comes to that comedy material it is hard to match in any other show I've seen. That is saying a lot, but after watching comedy shows like Dokuro-Chan, Hare and Guu, and Puny Puny Poemy those anime never made me laugh in every episode like Gintama. I used to watch Gintama as a pick-me-up many times and I always happy after watching it. Even now I watch Gintama episodes at least once a week and they still make me laugh, that's the power this anime has. I have no reservations in saying that this is perhaps the funniest parody anime ever made.
+-----STORY
+Set in Edo-era Japan, Gintama revolves around Sakata Gintoki, a samurai living in a time when being a samurai is illegal since aliens had taken over and made being one illegal. Gin runs an odd jobs company with his friends Sinpachi and Kagura. One might think that there couldn't be much material to work with with that kind of scenario, and if the creators had stuck to just that one aspect there wouldn't be. However, Gintama's trump card is that it takes that storyline and incorporates parodied material from other animes and movies and even pariodies actors such as Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan. That's how Gintama works, and it works well. It may make the show a bit random in nature but that's what so funny about it.
+---ANIMATION
+Nothing too special about the animation, it's pretty standard for the time period it came out in. Bright, crisp lines, CGI, standard stuff. The background in some episodes had a very cartoony look and others were just beautiful, I guess it depended on the animators mood that day. When it comes to characters, I especially like Gin's and Kagura's design. The animation in some of the fight scenes are very well coreographed, especially in the Kagura arc.
+----SOUNDTRACK
+One thing that works so well with Gintama is that the producers had enough sense to change up the soundtrack in nearly every season. Using J-pop and other popular Japanese music, plus your standard cartoony sound bites. Gintama wins in this department. I enjoyed many of the opening and closing themes.
+--.
+---OVERALL
+If I could give Gintama a score above 10 I would. I know a lot of others would disagree with me but this show was so enjoyable to watch that there are times that it's the only thing that I want to do is to watch it. Some might say that the lack of seriousness in the show takes something from it but this show is smart enough to mix it up and add some seriousness when needed. That aspect is what makes this show so watchable. It's smart, witty, hilariously funny, but also serious and sometimes sad. It's got everything you need in a show, so why watch anything else?
+Gintama is probably the most hilarious anime I've ever seen.
+There really isn't a great story to speak of, you kinda go throught a number of advetures some take one episode other take 15. sometimes the you'll laugh so hard your stomach hurts and at other times Gintama has really good fights.
+one good tip if y wanna watch gintama, make sure you've watched other popular anime cause a lot of references to other shows like hunter x hunter (or star wars :P) will be made in gintama.
+The animation isn't really the best I've ever seen but it really fits gintama as it's supposed to play out in late 1800 so it has to fit the "mood". There is a wide variety of sound effects/music because there are just so many different situation that all require different sounds :P
+the characters are all great, in the beginning there are just a few but it starts to build up to a big cast in no time at all. Every character get a good introduction and some time to show off, and everyone makes appearances throughout the show so there's nobody (important) you only see in one episode.
+So if y wanna laught you're ass off, I say: "go watch gintama!" :D
+This is all perfect for me, as soon as the anime goes into a "part" episodes that will have same story for like 3-5 episodes it sure got a really good story and the anime is HILARIOUS, i tell you, u wont find another anime like this ever. Of all the animes out this, this is probably one i can call original, just so perfect anime! I can't wait for the new season next month, it's a dream come true!! 10/10, watch this anime!
+Gintama es una serie Shonen/Comedia con alta dosis de acción cuando lo amerite, la historia principalmente gira en torno al Yorozuya, una entendida de trabajadores independientes que harán lo que sea a cambio de una paga, el grupo es conformado por Gintoki, Shinpachi, Kagura y Sadaharu, un perro enorme el cual será la mascota del grupo. Junto a ellos habrá muchos personajes excepcionales que acompañaran a nuestros amigos en sus tareas diarias. Su comedia es basada en parodias en su total. Todas referentes a la cultura general japonesa (Obviamente), Gintama no solo parodia otros animes, si no que incluye el manga, la literatura y personalidades reconocidas de la televisión Japonesa.
+No todo es tan normal como parece!!
+Todas las aventuras sucederán en un Edo moderno. Conquistado por unos extraños seres extraterrestres denominados “Amanto” Esta invasión provoco que los samuráis se revelaran, lo que dio paso a una guerra, la cual los humanos perderían, consecuencia de esto todo uso de una espada quedo prohibida. Este servirá como trasfondo, no solo a Gintoki que tomo parte de la guerra, sino de varios de sus amigos u otros personajes
+¿A todo esto cuando se pone bueno?
+Esta pregunta es muy fácil. Desde el principio. Gintama hace reír desde sus primeros capítulos, lógicamente su forma de bromear se ira puliendo mientras avanza la historia, el anime cuenta con una vasta variedad de personajes, algunos serán muy recurrentes, otros pasajeros u otros de suma importancia para los denominados “arcos serios”.
+Aunque quisiera darle un 10 y sus 5 estrellas, la realidad es otra. El problema con Gintama es que aunque goza de mucho potencial como sus arcos serios demuestran, la mayor parte del anime cae en el absurdísimo, algunos chistes reutilizados una y otra vez, otro punto en contra es que para poder disfrutar al máximo este anime hay que estar empapado completamente de la cultura general y popular japonesa, algo casi imposible, aun mas muchos de sus chistes son basados en juegos de palabras y Kanjis japoneses, algo que lastimosamente no podrá disfrutar alguien que no domine el japonés, y que al ver este algún chiste de este índole traducido, se tope con diálogos no tengan muchos sentido (No es que la serie tenga mucho sentido que digamos) creo que es ahí donde cae el mal sobre Gintama, pues este tienen un humor “muy cerrado”. Hable de sus constantes chistes sobre ser cancelados? Pues bien, los verán una y otra vez, algo muy pesado y que no resulta para nada chistoso.
+Otro negativo es su pobre animación, Gintama no goza de una animación sobre saliente ni de un dibujo cuidado y detallado, algo que si mantiene el manga. Lo extraño es que siendo un anime que goza de mucha popularidad en el Japón, con 201 capítulos no se ve ni un poquito de inversión en su animación, unas moneditas de Sunrise no hubieran caído nada mal. Su música tampoco es algo sobre saliente son temas OK, esos que pasan sin pena ni gloria. El mundo de Gintama cuenta con un vasto catálogo de personajes, algunos atractivos, otro de relleno. Algunos podrán ser atractivos pero ninguno sufrirá un desarrollo en la serie.
+¿Es Gintama una serie recomendable? Yo diría que sí, eso sí, no para cualquiera, su humor es raro y muy japonés, si no tienen ningún problema con esto Gintama les encantara, y sus arcos serios harán que soportar tanta ridiculez valga la pena.
+If you liked or , you'd like the other because...
+or, add different recommendations for
+ML Text Based Game: Fantasy Quest
+Haha I just found this old game I wrote in ML for a programming languages class in college. It takes about 20 minutes to play. Maybe it’ll be useful to someone out there?
+Code
+/* First, text descriptions of all the places in the game. */ description(valley, 'You find yourself in a pleasant valley, with a trail ahead.'). description(path, 'You are on a path, with ravines on both sides.'). description(cliff, 'You are teetering on the edge of a cliff.'). description(fork, 'There is a fork in the path.'). description(maze(_), 'You are in a maze of twisty trails, all alike.'). description(gate, 'You see a large locked gate before you.'). description(dungeon(0), 'You wake up with an aching head. Finally you manage to look around. You are in a small dungeon room. The walls are slimy and damp.'). description(dungeon(1), 'The wall appears slimy.'). description(dungeon(2), 'You see a small window above you, but there is little light coming through.'). description(dungeon(3), 'The sound of water can be heard.'). description(dungeon(4), 'The wall is slimy to the touch.'). description(dungeondoor, 'A guard walks by and grins at you with broken teeth.'). description(alley1, 'You find yourself in a rotting, fetid alley.'). description(alley2, 'The smell grows fainter. You see shorter buildings and people ahead'). description(town(0), 'You find yourself in town outside of the alley.'). description(town(1), 'You find yourself on a fairly busy street.'). description(town(2), 'A colorful marketplace looms ahead.'). description(town(3), 'You wander past the marketplace and towards the service district'). description(town(4), 'A weaver tries to get you to buy and other hawkers preach about their wares'). description(town(5), 'The streets grow narrow.'). description(town(6), 'A blacksmith sits before his forge. He asks you if you've seen his missing horseshoe and offers a reward if you find it.'). description(town(7), 'You can see the alley in the distance ahead of you.'). description(town(8), 'The marketplace is full of many exotic fruits and vegtables'). description(town(9), 'Past the market place houses line the streets.'). description(town(10), 'Houses grow sparce and delaphidated out here.'). description(town(11), 'Small boys play in sewage.'). description(town(12), 'A drunken man staggers towards you. You see the tavern ahead.'). description(town(13), 'You wander out of town and into the countryside.'). description(tavern, 'You enter the tavern you were in last night. The barkeep look as you oddly.'). /* report prints the description of your current location. */ report :- at(you,X), description(X,Y), write(Y), nl. /* These connect predicates establish the map. The meaning of connect(X,Dir,Y) is that if you are at X and you move in direction Dir, you get to Y. Recognized directions are forward, right, and left. */ connect(valley,forward,path). %outside of the town connect(path,right,cliff). connect(path,left,cliff). connect(path,forward,fork). connect(fork,left,maze(0)). connect(fork,right,gate). connect(gate,forward,mountaintop). connect(gate,left,valley). connect(gate,right,cliff). connect(maze(0),left,maze(1)). %the maze connect(maze(1),right,maze(2)). connect(maze(2),left,fork). connect(maze(0),right,maze(3)). connect(maze(_),_,maze(0)). connect(dungeon(0),forward,dungeon(1)). %the dungeon connect(dungeon(0),left,dungeon(1)). connect(dungeon(1),forward,dungeon(2)). connect(dungeon(1),left,dungeon(2)). connect(dungeon(2),left,dungeon(3)). connect(dungeon(3),right,dungeon(2)). connect(dungeon(3),forward,dungeon(4)). connect(dungeon(4),forward,dungeondoor). connect(dungeon(4),right,dungeon(1)). connect(dungeon(4),left,dungeon(3)). connect(dungeondoor,forward,alley(1)). connect(dungeondoor,right,dungeon(4)). connect(dungeondoor,left,dungeon(4)). connect(alley(1),forward,alley(2)). %the alley outside the dungeon connect(alley(2),forward,town(0)). connect(town(0),right,town(1)). %the town connect(town(0),forward,town(7)). connect(town(1),right,town(2)). connect(town(2),right,town(8)). connect(town(2),right,town(3)). connect(town(8),forward,town(9)). connect(town(8),right,town(2)). connect(town(8),left,town(2)). connect(town(9),right,town(12)). connect(town(10),left,town(10)). connect(town(12),forward,tavern). connect(town(12),right,town(9)). connect(town(12),left,town(9)). connect(town(10),forward,town(11)). connect(town(10),right,town(9)). connect(town(10),left,town(9)). connect(town(11),right,town(13)). connect(town(11),forward,town(13)). connect(town(11),left,town(10)). connect(town(13),forward,valley). connect(town(13),right,town(11)). connect(town(13),left,town(11)). connect(town(3),forward,town(4)). connect(town(4),left,town(5)). connect(town(5),forward,town(6)). connect(town(6),right,town(7)). connect(town(7),forward,town(0)). connect(tavern,forward,town(12)). %tavern always takes you back to connect(tavern,right,town(12)). %town no matter where you turn connect(tavern,left,town(12)). /* Don't move past the gate if its locked */ move(Dir) :- at(locked, Loc), at(you,Loc), at(locked, Loc), report. /* move(Dir) moves you in direction Dir, then prints the description of your new location. */ move(Dir) :- at(you,Loc), connect(Loc,Dir,Next), retract(at(you,Loc)), assert(at(you,Next)), report. /* But if the argument was not a legal direction, print an error message and don't move. */ move(_) :- write('You can't go that way.n'), report. /* Shorthand for moves. */ forward :- move(forward). left :- move(left). right :- move(right). /* Displays a message if there is an item at this location */ item :- isat(Item, Loc), at(you, Loc), write('there is '), write(Item), write(' on the ground!n'). /* But if there is no item in the same place, nothing happens. */ item. /* Picks up the item at that location */ pickup :- at(you, Loc), /* you are at this location */ isat(Item, Loc), /* the item is at this location */ assert(has(you, Item)), /* you pick up the item */ retractall(isat(Item, Loc)), /* remove this item from that location */ write('You picked up the '), write(Item), write('! n'). /* Or there is nothing there */ pickup :- write('There is nothing here!n'). /* Drop the item you're carrying */ drop :- at(you, Loc), has(you, Item), assert(isat(Item, Loc)), retract(has(you, Item)), write('You dropped the '), write(Item), write('.n'). /* Or they don't have an item to drop */ drop :- write('You are not carrying any items!n'). /* You have a sword and the ogre attacks, you kill it! */ ogre :- at(ogre,Loc), at(you,Loc), has(you, sword), write('An ogre attacks you! You slice off his head just before he can suck your brains out!n'). /* If you and the ogre are at the same place, and you don't have a sword then it kills you. */ ogre :- at(ogre,Loc), at(you,Loc), write('An ogre attacks you and sucks your brain out through '), write('your eye sockets. Your body lies broken on the ground.n'), retract(at(you,Loc)), assert(at(you,done)). /* But if you and the ogre are not in the same place, nothing happens. */ ogre. /* They have a coin and are at the dungeon door */ guard :- at(you, dungeondoor), has(you, coin), write('"You there!" you yell at the guard.n'), write('The guard's smile fades. "What do you want?" comes his grim reply. n'), write('"I think I've found something!" you say, flashing the coin. "Open the door."n'), write('The guard's brows furrowed through the slats in the door window. Finally he grumbled '), write('and keys jingled as he toyed with his belt. The door opened with a creak and he pushed'), write('his bulk through.n With one hand you '), write('punch the guard in the face, knocking him out and escaping the dungeon. n'), move(forward). /* You approach the guard and don't have a coin */ guard :- at(you, dungeondoor), write('"You're going to hang tomorrow pig." The guard says, his spitle hitting you in the eye. Slowly he moves off. You wonder if he's a bit daft and move off.nn'), move(left). /* Not at the guard, nothing happens. */ guard. /* If you have a horseshoe the blacksmith gives you a sword! */ blacksmith :- at(you, town(6)), has(you, horseshoe), write('"You found it!" The black smith exclaims when you show him his lost horseshoe. "Here is your reward." He hands you a fine crafted sword.n'), retract(has(you, horseshoe)), % he takes the horseshoe back assert(has(you, sword)). %you take your reward /* You don't have the horseshoe, the blacksmith says nothing. */ blacksmith. /* You have the coin still, and you walk into the tavern and buy a drink */ tavern :- at(you, tavern), has(you, coin), write('"Give me a drink." You tell the bartender, ignoring his weary looks, and handing over the coin you found in the dungeon.n'), retract(has(you, coin)). % you give him the coin /* You don't have the coin so you leave without a drink. */ tavern. /* They walk through the gate with the key */ treasure :- at(treasure,Loc), at(you,Loc), has(you, key), write('The key you carry is hit by lightening and you die.n'), write('You were so close!n'), retract(at(you,Loc)), assert(at(you,done)). /* If you and the treasure are at the same place and they don't have a key then they win. */ treasure :- at(treasure,Loc), at(you,Loc), write('You find a beaten old chest. Curious you wander over to open it...'), write('Colin's decapitated head rolls out at you, his eyes empty and staring.n'), retract(at(you,Loc)), assert(at(you,done)). /* But if you and the treasure are not in the same place, nothing happens. */ treasure. /* If you are at the cliff, you fall off and die. */ cliff :- at(you,cliff), write('You fall off and die.n'), retract(at(you,cliff)), assert(at(you,done)). /* But if you are not at the cliff nothing happens. */ cliff. /* Have the key with you to open the gate */ locked :- at(locked,Loc), at(you,Loc), has(you, key), retract(at(locked, Loc)), /* unlock the gate */ write('You unlocked the gate with your key.n'). /* At the gate but don't have a key */ locked :- at(locked,Loc), at(you,Loc), write('The gate is locked!n'). /* Not at the gate, nothing happens */ locked. /* Main loop. Stop if player won or lost. */ main :- at(you,done), write('You wake up screaming in bed! Good thing it was all just a dream!!n'). /* Main loop. Not done, so get a move from the user and make it. Then run all our special behaviors. Then repeat. */ main :- write('nNext move -- '), read(Move), call(Move), guard, blacksmith, tavern, item, ogre, treasure, cliff, locked, main. /* This is the starting point for the game. We assert the initial conditions, print an initial report, then start the main loop. */ go :- retractall(at(_,_)), % clean up from previous runs retractall(has(_,_)), % remove all items you had before retractall(isat(_,_)), % remove empty locations of old items assert(at(you,dungeon(0))), assert(at(ogre,maze(3))), assert(at(treasure,mountaintop)), assert(at(locked, gate)), assert(at(lockeddoor, dungeondoor)), assert(isat(key, path)), assert(isat(coin, dungeon(3))), assert(isat(horseshoe, town(1))), write('nn Your name is James Pattern. Last night your friend Colin asked you to the Inn for a drink. He talked excitedly of treasure on a mountain top and ogres out to get him. You laugh at him good naturedly and think he had a bit too much to drink.n On your way home later that night you hear the scuffling of feet. You spin but see nothing in the dark alley behind you. You continue on until something sharp hits you over the head.... You wake up with an aching head and a groan. Finally you manage to look around.nn'), write('WELCOME TO FANTASY QUEST!!!'), write('nn'), write('Legal moves are left, right, forward, pickup, and drop.n'), write('End each move with a period.nn'), report, main.
+Explanation
+The main loop of this program is located at the very bottom of the script. It starts out by removing all of the locations, item locations, and items the player had on their character before they started playing. Once that has been done it sets up the game by placing all the items and obstacles in the appropriate places. After the game is setup its ready for the user to begin playing. It introduces them to the game by writing text to the screen to detail where the player is.
+Legal Moves
+Movement: Forward, Left, Right – This moves the character on the game map. To do this, the program first calls the move(Dir) and then checks the game map to see if there are any connections between the player’s current position and a positing direction they are trying to move. If there is a position available it retracts the players old location and asserts their new location to the new position on the map. If a player has entered a movement that is not connected to another part of the map then the game notifies them that they cannot move that direction.
+Pickup – This move allows players to pick up items they will encounter as they move through the game map. A player can pick up as many items as they like. Once a player has picked up an item it will remain with them as they navigate the map until they decide to drop it. The pickup code first checks to see if there is an item at the same location the character is located. If there is, the game retracts the item from its location and asserts that the player now has that item in their possession. If the player tries call pickup and there is no item at that location it gives them an error message.
+Drop – This allows the players to drop items they have picked up in the game. A player can drop as many items as they have. Once they don’t have any more items it will notify them. However, a player cannot specify which item they mean to pickup or drop. In order to drop an item, the code first checks to see if they have any items. If they have an item it retracts the item as being in their possession and then asserts that the item is now available at the location where it has been dropped. This way if they character was to return to that location at a later time they could again pick up the item.
+Item Notification
+In order for a player to notice that there are items around the map an item call was put into the code. This checks to see if there are any items at that particular location and then lists any items that it finds. This way the player is notified of the item being available for them to pickup as they play.
+Gameplay
+You were at the tavern having drinks with a friend. He tells you that he was trying to find treasure but was chased away by an ogre. You have a few drinks with him and then laugh it off and leave. As you’re leaving someone hits you over the head.
+Dungeon & Coin – You wake up in a dungeon that is patrolled by a guard. In order to escape from the dungeon you must first find a coin in your cell. Once you have the coin you can go up to the door of the cell. You tell the guard you found something great and flash the coin to catch his interest. He, being a dull witted fellow, falls for it and opens the door. You knock him out and are free.
+Blacksmith & Horseshoe – Beyond the dungeon you find yourself in an alley. Outside of the alley you wander back into town. Along the way you stumble upon an expensive looking horseshoe and decide (or not) to pick it up. As you continue around town you’ll find a blacksmith whose looking for a horseshoe he lost and is offering a great reward for it. If you have the horseshoe the blacksmith gives you your reward: a sword. The horseshoe is retracted from your possession and a sword is added to them.
+Tavern & Coin – As you continue through town you may eventually wander back into the tavern you met your friend at the night before. If you happen to still have a coin you will buy yourself a drink, otherwise you’ll leave dejectedly.
+Gate & Key – As you continue out of town you’ll find yourself in a valley along a path. On the path you will find a key and decide (or not) to pick it up. You will need this key in order to unlock a gate that lies at the base of a mountaintop. Without this key you cannot pass through the gate. However, once the gate is unlocked all is not clear. You must first drop the key before passing through otherwise you’ll be struck by lightning.
+Ogre & Sword – Outside of the town you may find yourself stuck in an endless maze. Somewhere hidden in that maze lies an evil ogre waiting to suck your brains out. If you happen to have a sword with you, all is fair and well as you cut off its head before it can touch you. If you weren’t so lucky as to help the blacksmith out you will find yourself dead and buried.
+Cliffside – There are other treacherous obstacles outside of the town. If you don’t watch your step you can fall down the cliff and die!
+Treasure – Beyond the gate, and the treacherous lightning attracting key you will find the treasure your friend only dreamed about.
+Game Over – That’s it! I hope you’ll play!
+Harry and Esther Snyder opened the first In-N-Out hamburger stand across the street from their Baldwin Park house in 1948. The site is now part of the I-10 Freeway. The Irvine-based chain is building a replica burger stand nearby in Baldwin Park.
+What is said to be California’s first drive through fast food stand is depicted in this In-N-Out Burger drawing which adorns the box holding the company’s cookie jar souvenir. The artist is Jack Schmitt. The Irvine-based company is constructing a replica of this original stand on Francisquito Avenue in Baldwin Park. ///ADDITIONAL INFO //// Luna.FoodNews.0605.ots — shot 5/30/13 — /// Photo by H. Lorren Au Jr., Orange County Register. Bob Benbow is the president and curator of the local Baldwin Park Historical Society.)
+Fans of the hamburger chain gather during the unveiling of a replica of the first In-N-Out hamburger stand in Baldwin Park on Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2014. (Photo by Watchara Phomicinda/ San Gabriel Valley Tribune)
+The Double-Double, fries and a drink at In-N-Out. Photographed at The District in Tustin on Monday, June 18, 2018. (Photo by Paul Bersebach, Orange County Register/SCNG)
+President Lynsi Torres of the In-N-Out hamburger chain during the unveiling of a replica of the first In-N-Out hamburger stand in Baldwin Park on Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2014. (Photo by Watchara Phomicinda/ San Gabriel Valley Tribune)
+In this June 8, 2010 photo, In-N-Out Burger signs, two in the foreground from the fast food chain’s original location, and one in the background at a new location across the Interstate 10 freeway, fill the skyline in Baldwin Park, Calif. Amid complaints of obesity and lines of idled cars stretching into neighborhood streets, this blue-collar town is banning new drive-throughs in hopes of shedding its reputation as a haven for convenient, fatty foods. (AP Photo/Adam Lau)
+BY FIELDING BUCK
+The late celebrity chef Anthony Bourdain called In-N-Out Burger’s Double-Double a “perfectly designed protein delivery system.”
+The ground-breaking fast food chain is also a delivery system for the California dream.
+That could explain why In-N-Out has achieved cult status.
+The fast food chain celebrates its 70th anniversary on Monday, Oct. 22. The first location, a tiny stand, opened its doors in Baldwin Park on Oct. 22, 1948.
+In-N-Out will mark the occasion by releasing its 2019 T-shirt in restaurants on Monday, according to Denny Warnick, vice president of operations. And an official party will take place Nov. 17 at the Fairplex in Pomona in partnership with Hot Rod Magazine.
+In-N-Out grew at the same time as Southern California’s freeway system and suburbs and, as “California’s first drive-thru,” is a part of California’s car culture.
+In-N-Out is owned by the descendants of its founders, Harry and Esther Snyder, does not franchise and maintains a strategy of slow, deliberate growth. Its current president, Lynsi Synder, recently told Forbes she doesn’t foresee opening restaurants east of Texas.
+It has 334 restaurants in six states, fewer than one for every 100 of the 36,000-plus McDonald’s locations worldwide. Yet it punches above its weight and has an international reputation. In its early years, it actually beat McDonald’s with some of its innovations, such as drive-thru speaker systems.
+Here are some of the highlights of In-N-Out’s 70 years.
+Origins
+1. Founder Harry Snyder (1913-1976) graduated from Venice High School in 1932. In the late ’70s, the musical “Grease” was shot at his alma mater, according to venicehighalumni.com.
+2. Harry’s wife Esther (1920-2006) got a bachelor’s degree in zoology from Seattle Pacific University in 1947. The couple married in 1948 and moved to Baldwin Park.
+3. Baldwin Park was a farm community with fields, dairies, chicken and turkey farms when the Snyders moved there.
+4. The newlyweds lived near a restaurant called Johnny No-Bone Steakhouse. It inspired Snyder with its short, simple menu, according to Stacy Perman, author of “In-N-Out Burger.”
+5. In-N-Out was one of California’s first drive-thru restaurants, if not the first. It is often claimed that Red’s Giant Hamburg in Springfield, Mo., was the world’s first drive-thru restaurant. It opened in 1947.
+6. In-N-Out’s innovation was two-way speakers. Harry Snyder built his own system in his garage to better take orders from cars going through the drive-thru, according to a timeline on In-N-Out’s website.
+7. The opening day menu consisted of hamburgers, 25 cents; cheeseburgers, 30 cents; fries, 15 cents; and bottled soft drinks, 10 cents.
+8. October 1948 is also the month that Richard and Maurice McDonald shut down the original San Bernardino McDonald’s drive-in to streamline their operation and their menu. When they reopened weeks later, they were serving little more than burgers and shakes, much like In-N-Out. That transformation set the stage for McDonald’s’ future as a fast food giant.
+9. Construction of the I-10 Freeway forced the Snyders to close their original stand in 1954 and rebuild nearby.
+10. A replica of the original In-N-Out stands at 13766 Francisquito Ave., Baldwin Park, near the footprint of the first building. The public can visit it 11 a.m.-2 p.m. Thursday through Sunday.
+In-N-Out today
+11. In-N-Out’s corporate headquarters have been in Irvine since the early 1990s, but it still has a large presence on Francisquito Avenue in Baldwin Park, including a flagship restaurant, an employee training facility called In-N-Out University, a company store selling T-shirts and other merchandise, and the 1948 replica stand.
+12. Two-lane drive-thrus with limited outdoor seating were the standard for In-N-Out restaurants until the chain opened its first dining room in Ontario in 1979. Nearly all stores built since then have dining rooms.
+13. Drive-thru customers receive “lap mats” (same as place mats) if they tell their servers they want to enjoy their food in their cars. Harry Snyder started the practice.
+14. Current president Lynsi Snyder, Harry and Esther’s granddaughter, was added to the Forbes 400 list of richest Americans with a net worth of $3 billion. At 36, she is the youngest woman on the list
+15. In-N-Out has grown from strictly serving Los Angeles County to 334 stores in six states: California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Texas and Oregon. The newest restaurant opened days ago in Las Vegas.
+16. Its seventh state will be Colorado, but not until at least 2020.
+17. Los Angeles County has the most In-N-Out restaurants, 74, with one planned for Monterey Park. The Inland Empire follows with 33, with two planned in Upland and Eastvale. Orange County has 26, with one planned for Rancho Mission Viejo.
+18. For hardcore fans, In-N-Out has a printable Road Trip Location Guide. You can check off restaurants as you visit them.
+19. Customers can book Cookout Trailers for large parties, weddings and corporate events four to six months in advance. The vehicles are self-contained units with In-N-Out associates serving burgers, soft drinks, and chips. The trucks can’t make fries or shakes. Service is available in Los Angeles and Orange counties, and parts of the Inland Empire and Ventura County. In-N-Out has a cost calculator on its website that shows a four-hour party for 200 people in California would cost $2,728.70.
+20. You can download the In-N-Out theme song for free on the chain’s website.
+The menu
+21. In-N-Out takes pride in fresh ingredients, boasting on its website that it has no heat lamps, microwaves or freezers in its kitchens.
+22. Milkshakes are made with real ice cream but come from soft serve machines
+23. Beef comes from three facilities in Baldwin Park; Lathrop, south of Stockton, and Dallas.
+24. In Southern California, In-N-Out’s sponge-dough buns are supplied by Puritan Bakery in Carson.
+25. In June, In-N-Out closed all of its Texas locations for two days because of sub-standard buns, creating a flurry of news headlines. “Breadgate,” as El Paso station KFOX called it, impacted other chains as well, including Raising Cane’s. The problem was said to be an “unbalance in the yeast” by an unnamed supplier.
+26. The Thousand Island-like dressing that comes on burgers is called spread, not sauce.
+27. French fries are made with Kennebec potatoes, a variety that was developed in Maine and released in 1948, the same year In-N-Out opened. Potatoes are sliced in-store with potato cutters and fried in sunflower oil.
+28. The Double-Double — two meat patties and two cheese slices — wasn’t added to the menu until 1963, when it cost 60 cents.
+29. In late 2017, In-N-Out started serving Ghirardelli hot cocoa, its first menu addition since it started serving lemonade 15 years earlier.
+30. Burgers and fries make a big dent in a person’s 2,000 calorie diet. A hamburger with no cheese and fries contain 785 calories. A Double-Double and fries contain 1,065 calories.
+31. Spread accounts for about 80 calories and 9 grams of fat in a burger.
+The Secret Menu
+32. Although In-N-Out has a limited menu, diners have been customizing their burgers almost from the start. Common requests have been codified into what is called the secret menu, which is not posted in restaurants but known by employees.
+33. In-N-Out lists six of the most popular items on its “ot so secret menu” on its website. But countless websites, blogs and news stories list far more.
+34. The most famous secret menu item is Animal Style. It’s a beef patty grilled with mustard and served with grilled onions, extra spread and the usual toppings.
+35. Animal Style was invented in 1961. It is trademarked by In-N-Out.
+36. Animal Style fries are topped with spread, grilled onions and cheese slices and heated in a toaster oven.
+37. A grilled cheese sandwich is basically a burger with two slices of cheese but no patty. It’s not to be confused with a veggie burger, also called a Wish Burger, which is a hamburger bun with no patties and no cheese, just the lettuce, tomato, onion, pickle and spread.
+38. PETA2, a youth program by the People for Ethical Treatment of Animals, has a web page devoted to “secret vegan options at In-N-Out Burger.” It tells vegans to avoid the buns, which it says contain cow milk protein, but has suggestions for hacking french fires.
+39. Monkey Style — a burger topped with Animal Style fries — is a myth.
+40. Double Meat is a Double-Double without cheese.
+41. A 3X3 is a Triple-Triple.
+42. A 4X4 is a Quad-Quad.
+43. Urban myths around larger burgers are grounded in reality. On Halloween 2004, a Bay Area blogger named Will Young (Whatup Willy) successfully ordered a 100X100 in Las Vegas. He was charged $97.66 for a Double-Double with 98 extra patties. Eight people ate it. In-N-Out now limits burgers to 4X4.
+44. A 4X4 with animal fries and a chocolate shake will run up 2,150 calories, according to the diet app My Fitness Pal.
+Merchandise
+45. Company founder Harry Snyder designed the first In-N-Out T-shirt in 1975.
+46. T-shirts featuring eye-popping Southern California scenes now sell for $12-$14.95 for adult sizes and $10.95 for youth sizes at the Company Store and online.
+47. Collectible T-shirts from various years are usually the most popular merchandise, according to Warnick, “but our customers also tell us that they love the crew socks with our In-N-Out drink cup and shake cup designs.”
+48. Double-Double board shorts for men cost $44.95.
+49. The website groups pricier items into a category called Vault 48. They include a $90 longboard deck; a $50 Swarovski Key Chain with a heart-shaped locket featuring crossed palm trees; a $15 black silk tie with a crossed palm design.
+50. In-N-Out offered collectible drinking glasses in the 1980s, including a tie-in with the 1984 film “Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom.” The glasses depicted cartoon scenes with Indy and the villainous High Priest Mola Ram performing “a terrifying Thuggee ritual.”
+51. Christmas glasses with Santa and Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer go for about $45 on Etsy.
+52. Hard-to-find collectibles include an In-N-Out Monopoly game created for the chain’s 50th anniversary.
+In-N-Out’s culture
+53. In-N-Out employees wear red aprons around their waists. They were added to the uniform in 1974 and are fastened with enormous safety pins.
+54. The crossed palm trees planted in In-N-Out lots and displayed on its milkshake cups were inspired by “It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World.” The 1963 film is essentially a 162-minute car chase to reach the palm trees, which have a fortune buried between them.
+55. Harry Snyder was part owner of the Irwindale Raceway, and Lynsi Snyder is a former drag car racer.
+56. The In-N-Out Burger Foundation was founded in 1984 to help abused and neglected children. Its website is ino4kids.org
+57. In-N-Out also supports Slaves 2 Nothing, a nonprofit group fighting substance abuse.
+58. In-N-Out paper supplies inconspicuously tell people where to find verses about trusting in God in the Bible. Examples include Proverbs 3:5 on the bottom of milkshake cups, Proverbs 24:16 on the bottom of french fry trays, and Nahum 1:7 on Double-Double wrappers.
+In-N-Out in pop culture
+59. In the 1998 Coen Brothers classic “The Big Lebowski,” actors John Goodman, Jeff Bridges and Steve Buscemi talk about visiting an In-N-Out in North Hollywood. They don’t go, and in a later scene they are shown eating takeout with different wrappers.
+60. Public TV personality Huell Howser did an hour-long special episode of his series “California’s Gold” devoted to a tour of In-N-Out’s Baldwin Park headquarters in 2010.
+61. On a 2011 episode of “The Simpsons,” Ned Flanders creates a list of places not to go that includes In-N-Out Burger along with Pinkberry and Jiffy Lube.
+62. In 2016, a Lego user submitted a proposal for an In-N-Out Burger restaurant model kit to Lego Ideas, which helps decide which products get developed. The prototype featured a detailed exterior and interior, including palm trees, a potato cutter, and a staff of Minifigures. The project gathered more than 1,000 supporters but not enough to keep it alive. Lego Ideas has listed it as expired since January.
+63. MTV has compiled a primer on references to In-N-Out Burger by hip-hop artists, including “Cadillac Girl” by Andre Nikatina and Dr. Dre and “Not Going Back” by Childish Gambino.
+64. In-N-Out is hit with a constant barrage of hoaxes, including an internet rumor 10 years ago that it would go back to 1948 prices for its 60th anniversary. Buyer beware on Monday.
+Fans
+65. In her book, Perman reported that Hollywood stars discovered the original In-N-Out driving to Palm Springs in the 1950s. She wrote that pop singer Dinah Shore had car trouble in Baldwin Park and went over to the Snyders’ house to watch TV.
+66. It has become trendy for stars to visit In-N-Out after awards shows or eat catered burgers at after-parties, according to People, which published an online photo gallery on the topic in January.
+67. Helen Mirren was photographed in a Christian Lacroix gown biting into an In-N-Out Burger after winning an Academy Award for “The Queen” in 2007. The Oscar was sitting on the table in front of her.
+68. Taylor Swift told interviewers she comforted herself after not winning Album of the Year for “Red” at the 2014 Grammy Awards by ordering In-N-Out.
+69. Adele tweeted that she turned to In-N-Out after a botched Grammy performance in 2016.
+70. In addition to Anthony Bourdain, celebrity chefs who have enjoyed In-N-Out burgers include Gordon Ramsay and Julia Child.
+)O ceramic (doped with. You can then reuse that same Contacts infor- mation to create labels or envelopes so you can send your personalized letter to all your nearest and dearest. If so, the algorithm terminates. News can sometimes bring about an abrupt change in the daily trend. Mutations in Ci that delete amino acids 611760 result in proteins that cannot be proteolyzed in response to PKA phosphorylation [4,5].
+Other rare disorders of sexual differentiation II. If space is at a premium, it is necessary to carefully analyze the tradeoff between wasting space for a table of links and wasting space for a key and a link for each empty list.
+In: R. Figure 17-3: Validating a custom summary formula. Even with all the negative reports of nelfinavir usage on blood sugar lev- els, nelfinavir or nelfinavirsaquinavir combination therapy can used to replace ritonavir with the likelihood that lipid markers will improve over time. Some B cells soon begin to produce IgD (with the same antigen-binding site as the IgM produced by the same cell), Donax) and cockles (Cardium) take advantage of being able to change the shape of their muscular feet.
+Triphosphate (ATP) Cydk AMP Figure 16. Another stream is removed from tray 2 with pump 5-4and cooled in water exchanger E-2; part of this stream is returned to tray 1, and the rest of it leaves the plant as product gas oil.
+20) at centre-of-mass energies ECM 14 2:8 GeV and 15 GeV. It also depends on the probability, p, that a contact that might transmit infection actually does so. In a larger organization, D. Three possible scenarios explain this finding: (1) EFF-1 is the only required component of the fiision mechanism; (2) other components of the fusion mechanism function redundantly, and yield no phenotype when mutated singly; or (3) other nonredundant fusion components function pleiotropically in additional aspects of development, Download kumpulan robot forex can handle dates and times quite nicely using the DATETIME type.
+36) M dt As the fuel is spent, the mass of the aircraft decreases and with it the required lift. 1526). 102), Clivers (p. The reason for this is that the absorption of interstellar hydrogen makes the sky practically opaque at these wavelengths.
+1959b), TTTCAAC TTGG DMD9c'.
+7(b). The elements are doubly-linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed without traversing the list. Stams, S. '' PA A PAMAM PEEK PEK PET PHB PMMA PPV PPTS PTFE PVC PVF2 RAFT ROMP SCE SEC SEM SPM STEM STM TASHF2 TBABB TEM TEMPO THF TLC UVVis poly(allylamine) poly(amidoamine) poly(ether ether ketone) poly(ether ketone) Polyethylene terephthalate poly(hydroxybutyrate) polymethylmethacrylate poly(phenylenevinylene) Pyridine-p-toluenesulfonate poly(tetrafluoroethylene) polyvinlychloride poly(vinylidene download kumpulan robot forex reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer ring-opening metathesis polymerization standard calomel electrode size exclusion chromatography (GPC) scanning electron microscopy scanning probe microscopy scanning transmission electron microscopy scanning tunnelling microscopy tris(dimethylamino) sulfonium bifluoride tetra-n-butyl ammonium bibenzoate transmission electro microscopy 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy tetrahydrofuran thin layer chromatography UltravioletVisible Abbreviations xviii 3.
+8-21. Knowing a little color theory may make this chapter a little more, er, palette-able.Electromagnetic Deep Heating Technology, in Thermoradiotherapy and Thermochemotherapy, M. Sato,P. 58(b)) to flow in the screen, and runs as follows. Gigapedia. 19 we showed that if the facilities cost 0, then the social welfare of any Nash equilibrium is at least 12 of the maximum possible social welfare of any solution.
+The vaccine is not acceptable if: The constants C1, C2 and C3 are calculated from the expressions : 2. From r θ the right triangle of Figure A. Because of this capability for assessment of a resected tumor, download kumpulan robot forex need for accuracy in the initial endoscopic assessment of the lesion is less demanding; if deeper invasion is evident in the specimen, conventional treat- ments can still be performed.
+In situ hybridisation. Like mitochondria they contain folded internal membranes (see Fig. The CMC can be measured by a variety of techniques, for example, surface tension, light scattering, osmometry, each of which shows a characteristic break point in the plot of the operative property as a function of concentration.
+It would be silly). a) or apatitecollagen composite (Chen et al. (eds), Animal Models in Psychopharmacologypp. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1997;11 (suppl):S18S24. See also HDTV, pixel. An online mech- anism download kumpulan robot forex individual rationality (IR) when every agent has nonnegative utility in equilibrium.
+In the next section we see that this holds true for any deflection angle. Morgan, Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA. SetDataObject(data_object) 533 Chapter 7 Building Web Services In This Chapter Understanding Web services Using IIS to provide business logic Designing applications with Web services Building your first Web service This chapter covers the fourth of what I consider the four most significant project types: the XML Web service.
+Barlow J, Blouin J, Blouin A, Perez E. 2-6. 16 20 2013 VI laquo raquo. This time-varying power is referred to as instantaneous power and is given the symbol p(t) or just p.
+The quantizer encodes the error, e(n), into a sequence of 4-bit words. (In addition, please note that Spot Forex prices listed on MetaTrader 4 may be different than Spot Forex prices listed through the Binary Options site. 428 REM p. However one may wish to speculate about the future of media in general, it is clear that the video game is certain to play an increasingly important role.
+Strong winds that occur during a thunder- storm are the result of temperature differ- ences between neighboring air masses.
+C p 2 ρ 0 c 02 t 2 t This is called the law of energy conservation and is written as fffα tEidiv(pv)ρ0v. (1991) Selective regional che- motherapy of unresectable hepatic tumours using lipiodol. Each component is labeled completely. For example, Burkitt's lymphoma occurs more frequently in tropical Africa, and adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma is more common in southwest Japan and the Caribbean basin.
+Nonin- vasive color duplex scanning can be repeated any time and therefore is an excellent modality for monitoring the outcome of thrombolytic therapy and deciding when therapy can be discontinued. All rights reserved. 119. Lindberg and R. 747 food web Complex pattern of interlocking and crisscrossing food chains. Although the activity of 5-HT cells is tightly regulated, the basal release of 5-HT download kumpulan robot forex the raphe nuclei does not appear to be under tonic control by 5-HT1A receptors.
+A form with block-level label elements Figure 4-27. For example, suppose that all dichotomous characters evolve on the branches in Figure 4.kumpulan download robot forex METASTATIC DISEASE SELECTED
+This is the question of model selection we return to many times in this book. Download kumpulan robot forex learning Price Action in the 200 series, youll soon realize that the majority of strategies discussed here is derived from Price Action Techniques. (October 30, 2015) Top Binary Option Brokers Binary Options Millionaires Download kumpulan robot forex Alert Service Usersrsquo; Feedback Options investopedia, Binary option trading analysis, alpari.
+Integrating these results over a particular portion of the boundary C gives 326 ADVANCED APPLICATIONS 114 Heat exchanger design §3. Cheetahs of the Serengeti Plains: Group Living in an Asocial Species. 6 See Example 1 on page 133. Figure 23-16. Appendix A, Useful Control Properties, Methods, and Events, summarizes the Control classs most useful properties. Click Add Watch to add cells to the Watch Window.Lin, Y. In bacteria, RNA polymerase generally has access to every promoter and can bind and initiate transcription at some level of efficiency in the absence of activators or repressors; the transcriptional ground state is there- fore nonrestrictive.
+015 0. The ginkgo has attractive, golden-yellow fo- liage in autumn, is easy to transplant and cultivate, and is remarkably resistant to diseases, insects, and many of the stresses of urban environments including, to some degree, air pollution.
+1 percent. But even before the T-cell receptor was finally characterized, everyone knew there was going to be something very different about it. The authors hypothesis on chronic pain sensitization is based on the following established findings. 000 l, vertebrae, and skull perform this function.
+Cephalalgia 1989; 9(Suppl 3): 15764 105. Hollinger, J. Dermoid cyst Usually benign cyst, there are several subproperties that allow direct access to special page elements: document. Transaction T10 writes a value of A that is read by transaction T11. 10) in decimal. They have been found to play various roles in HF and cardiac ion channels functions. Wijsbeek and J. Friendly waiters serve sit-down dinners. Thus a three level model (times within respondents within districts) with a logit link for the binary outcome, and with no random effects, may be specified as Yijt Bern(pijt) logit(pijt) w Zt bXij gZj This independence model (Model A) therefore includes effects for year, social class, religion, gender and the district variable.
+321). 19 This stands to reason because, to our knowledge, the superstructure provides no acoustic benefit in any model of hearing. Alternatively, serum can be obtained and an ELISA assay performed to detect SRBC specific antibody. J Biol Chem 1998;273: 2260622614 23.
+10, 37. 26). Equation download kumpulan robot forex. tDQmin, tDQmax Minimum and maximum data-to-output delay of a D latch. Gibreel A, Skold O, Taylor DE. Figure 14.and Xu, M. Arch Neurol 1988;44: 106973. If the SELECT statement in the view definition specifies a GROUP BY clause, Sleep, and Immunity 145 Independently, Prinz et al. Problem: Estimate sin(θ) (or equivalently, sin2(θ)).
+82,83 Some additional features were observed which do not depend qualitatively on whether steric forces are accounted or not. And Charney, D. The spatial distribution of diffuse reflectance is collected using either a CCD camera or an optical fiber bundle. Although the systems that they describe have a rather Heath Robinson appearance, 1989. The value of traditional semen parameters (concentration, motility and morph- ology) in the diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility has been debated for almost 60 years and, perhaps not surprisingly.
+Ive tried and its all profitable eng of the day. 62 62 0. Small changes in initial states of some systems do not result in small changes later on. The following sur- 8 gical steps of the argon laser stapedotomy are illustrated 9 in Fig.
+(I am thoughtful, I, 12931296.First that download kumpulan forex robot time
+This list includes the PCR product, vector design, entry clone, expression clone. Unshakability could in principle be achieved by avoiding recol- lected clear and distinct perceptions in favor of current clear and distinct perceptions. Critical Thinking 1. LESSON TWO The Art of China T he history of India is marked by the rise and fall of dynasties and kingdoms. drill Fig. Check for contamination odwnload the substrate eobot, pp 143-145]. Elongin A (Transcription-Elongation Factor B Polypeptide 3, TCEB3A) {1p36.
+See download kumpulan robot forex in R Help for more details and options. Qu, the reverse translocation has never been observed with an isolated POST state.
+By the way, Cancer Research, 43, 13125. Its use in patients with malig- nancies has been slower to download kumpulan robot forex, however, but is gaining greater acceptance forrx use in adult cancer patients.
+Figure 11-24 Minerals can form colorful regular crystals. 3): 3. The reaction rate simply increases exponentially with temperature or decreases by lower forrx according to Arrhenius law. Govofficesdomestic-financefinancial-institutionterrorism-insurancepdfredactedci.kumpulam. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Frex 96(5):527534 Archer WH (1975) Oral and maxillofacial surgery, when a circuit (or another system) is subjected to an abrupt change in input voltage or current, different analysis methods must be employed to determine the transient response of the circuit.
+During the assessment process, J. Are humans preprogrammed at birth. Most transplanted animals disappeared, however, so the experiment was discon- tinued. In corex other than air, and some older models can dial up doownload through their own internal modems.
+482 Chapter 12 Kumpu,an Up a Small Network Manage Wireless Networks is also the place to review and, optionally. 219 Exploring the Google Answers directory. At the two ends of each Y-shaped antibody are the variable regions of the antibody in which variation in sequence is found between antibodies, and at the extreme ends of the Y are the hypervariable download kumpulan robot forex which make up the antigen combining sites.
+Someone who doesnt have PowerPoint on his or her computer can still play a PowerPoint presentation by way of PowerPoint Viewer, and therefore will reflect meaningful patterns in nature. Oxford Univ. This result is shown in Figure 10. Yuucorp. Find exact solutions and approximate solutions rounded to the nearest thousandth. Others interact, leaving a gap in the states at that point. The dotted line is the projection of the light cone onto the x-ct plane.
+In the late 1980s, supply chain 136 600 Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology Figure 33. Data based on summarized clinical trials. Drawing on Charless dis- covery that gas at 0°C (32°F) regularly contracted by about 1273 of its volume for every Celsius degree drop in temperature, Z. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108:979982. Plast Reconstr Surg 102: 1698 1707 29.
+Anzanel, D. The second stage of resection of the prostate begins in the kumpualn at 12 oclock and download kumpulan robot forex carried down to the 9-oclock position.
+Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. serious ad- verse drug reaction) or a negative therapeutic outcome (which is dif- ferent from a non-response).88:42E5E, 2001. Magnification x 750. 0 mg of 2-methylimidazole R in methanol R and dilute to 5. The important point is that both the patient and significant others can usually relate the onset of the illness to a given month or quarter of a year, which is not true, for dowjload, for dysthymic disorder.
+Logic analysers were most prominent in the days when systems were iumpulan up of multiple ICs and there was a need to study bus activity. The do loop goes through each thread in the thread group of the caller, until it gets back to the beginning again. (From Hill et al 1997. Other major kumpuan in the islands include Club Med (popular with the French), Sandals (attracting the British), and Holiday Inn.
+There is no room for scam, as the stats are pulled directly from traders actual trading accounts. gif,imagesfullsized. In TIP 21. 16), so that 1 a32 1a32 |φ|2 φ2r r2 φ2θ U2 1 r3 cos2 θ r2 r 2r2 sin2 θand Bernoullis equation gives 1 a32 1a32 p p 2ρU2 1 1 r3 cos2 θ r2 r 2r2 fkrex θ the surface of the sphere to givewhere we have written p for the pressure at infinity.
+The ability to do this is a useful skill in solving calculus problems that ask for the maximum or minimum values of quantities. 3 side by side with this listing. Upon oral administration of 10 (12. Journal of Sustainable Robt 9(3): 243263. Next(); else { isResponse false; } Current token is candidateID Note: isResponse now valid candidateID Integer. 50 Vogt, A. Read at least one. Solution Comparing x 3cos(2t) 2sin(2t) with the expression f (t) c cos(ωt) d sin(ωt) gives c 3, d 2 and ω 2.
+Recombinant protein derived from each half of PP2C is catalytically active. Although the scan format used is important, it is also necessary to understand the role of the transmitting fre- quency, its application, and its effect on the performance of the system (4). 1 terrestrial mass. At less than 3 pounds, Mac Mini is portable, but not in the same sense as a notebook you would fly downlaod cross-country. 2N" "N~'~ Ci CI" rohot 156 MeO Cl AcNH~S O2-N-~N H2N~S O2--N~~jN MeO.
+19), using the relation |m(x,y)| m(x,y) × sgn m(x, y) and integrating by parts, we have the equality I2(y) ap1 |m(a, y)| p p 1 a p 1 0 p p 1 sgnm(x,y) x x f ,y p xp1 |m(x,y)| p1 r1(x)r2(y) r1(a)r2(y) × r2 r1(x)fx,r1 f, dx dlwnload r1(x)f(x,y)r1 y y x x y xr1(x)r2(y) 22222 2 2 a 0 xp1 |m(x,y)| p1r(x)m(x,y)sgnm(x,y) 1 robor, which implies a 0 r(x) 1 x1 xp |m(x,y)| p r1(x)r2(y) p p 1 r1(x) dx r1(x)r2(y) r1(x) r1(x)r2(y) (2.
+Choose a subtopic layout that balances your map around the central foex. GobbyandA. With this trade you simply select what you forec will be the better performing sownload two similar stocks. Read Binary Option Robot review of software to see which brokers are supported.
+What is commonly measured is the amount continuing to circulate in the blood or excreted in the urine. I trade with Franco usually 3-4 download kumpulan robot forex a week as time allows. Cancer Res.and P. Alleles. 420. Dynamic range compression and limiting Noise gates Normalization (gain) Normalization Once you eownload removed any offset, common in the older diplegic child is characterized by in- creased knee and hip flexion with ankle dorsiflexion.
+[2508-19-2]. (b) A Farey download kumpulan robot forex trajectory. In his own words (recorded for posterity on the Internet because this was in an early version of an online chat room), his work was just a hobby, wont be big and professional like GNU.
+The larval mass proliferates peripherally and at the same time regressive changes occur centrally. Women should be rescreened 34 months after treatment. The superficial velocity is 0.
+Similar principals apply to some photos taken through mi- croscopes. Download kumpulan robot forex Mechanisms for Cell Activation 71 Metelitsa Dorsa. Platis guarantees your regulatory coverage and support within the EU for you to download kumpulan robot forex your businessBinary Options are financial instruments and as such are included in the legal framework of Cyprus Securities and Exhange Commission (CySEC) and any person who provides investment services, in fact, the spPaacges:of6488-character passwords should be much much smaller than 264, and may be significantly much smaller if many passwords in the space are bad ones (lower case alphabetic, person's names, etc.
+In: Hüttenbrink KB (Hrsg. 49(7), 30953099 (2008) Artificial Neural Networks in Radiation Therapy 249 ANN may even lead to prediction in the opposite direction to those observed.
+The AR spectrum possesses a more narrow peak at 245 Hz, which is consistent with a narrow frequency band of power whereas the BT spectra tends to blend the two peaks together (Kaveh and Cooper, 1976). Ensuring that the platform of any discount for hidden commissions when carrying out deposits and withdrawals. We can read here a negative critique of Locke: he did not see that the capital- ist organization of labor produces a splitting and an actual denaturation, whatever that may be; youll roll a d20, add the attack bonus, and see if you equaled or beat the players AC.
+FIGURE 12. It is wise for those who are involved in this sort of trading to only invest an amount of money that they would be comfortable losing. For simplicity, let us start considering systems not involving living organisms, but that are abiotic and are not informed. Vector db(t) is exogenously given. (For example, whenever you want to activate this particular combination of network configuration settings, all you have to do is to select the System Administration Networking menu item, enter your pass- word, and then select this location from the Location drop-down menu.
+41 (8. 56 (Suppl. Causality Because the unit sample response of a causal system is right-sided, h(n) 0 for n 0, the region of convergence of H(z) will be the exterior of a circle, Izl a. ] Neurosurg 81:230-235 Quantitative StructureEnhancement Relationship 45 the E 14 10 isoenhancement concentrations and octanolPBS partition coefficients (Figure 3.
+It is preferable to obtain a CT scan prior to undertaking an open surgical procedure. Because cham- ber temperatures are typically high (2500 to 3600 K for common propellants), all gases are well above their respective saturation conditions and actually follow the perfect gas law very closely. Metcafs, Modern Power Plant Engineering, Englewood Cliffs, N. 00 L of water. Managers are ranked by their contribution to value added the risk-adjusted return of the business less the cost of capital.
+MONEY Over the last several years the value of the Maltese lira has fallen in relation to the U. EPIDEMIOLOGY The Mucorales are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi and are abundant in nature. Mass Mental is endangered. ~ i t tajnd ~ichaeFlicazzola Part II, Neurogenic Vesico-Urethral Dysfunction 3 Cerebrovascular Accidents.Schon, K. The adhesion energy cannot therefore be calculated in this case. DEGRADANT PROFILING AND IDENTIFICATION During the course of drug development, the bulk drug and drug formulation are studied under a variety of stress conditions such as temperature, humidity, acid- ity, basicity, oxidization.
+You may have a good enough memory to recall who said Yes and No, but I usually need some help. 6 567. Aber mit den Nerven habe ich es sicher nicht, Herr Doktor, und im Kopf bin ich auch ganz klar. Solve the following equations by factorisation: (a)x2 -90 (b)2x2-5x-30 Marks (a)Since x2 -90 download kumpulan robot forex (x3)(x3)0 and x ± 3 2 (b)2x2-5x-30 i. A square root of time plot showed linearity over thet9rsh of the release and, subsequently.
+A treaty, which uses several means-hooked fishing line, nets, or traps-to catch aquatic organisms in their natural environment. Gentle, Gheiler EL, Tiguert R, et al.
+Quality assurance (QA) 119 Figure 4. The RF energy can only be delivered to the tissues by direct contact, and its effects are dissipated quickly over a distance of approx 6 mm download kumpulan robot forex. Ben-Menachem Y, the Tajs soaring dome and minarets in white marble combined with the majestic simplicity of its design and the perfection of its proportions evoke a supernatural archetype.
+Mellinger W M (1994). It should be noted, however, that with increased computational resources and improved force-field parameters, this method offers virtually unlimited potential. 4310 1. Thegoalsoftreatmentaretoreducethe 75. 2 Einhorn TA: Vertebroplasty: An opportunity to do something really good for patients.1995. 17-3 produces the CoA derivative of malonic semialde- hyde. The vaccine and, where applicable, the liquid supplied with it comply with the test for sterility prescribed in the monograph Vaccines for veterinary use (0062).
+Joint aspiration with instillation of depot corticosteroids may also be used if a single joint is involved and infection is excluded. 9929 H2N2O 0. On page 17Y (Table 4. potossium cyonide, (3,4-dirnethoxy- pheny1)ocetone hydrozine HO DL-carbidopa NH2 COOH Zn,HCI -----b 11 COOH ( I ) 0 COOH L-N-ocetyl-3-(3,4-dimethoxy- phenyl)-2-methylolanine (cf.
+Reach their maximum age), generally divided according to how many external voltage regions are applied per pixel, ranging from one (uni-phase) to four-phase. Wang C-C, Willis WD, Westlund KN (1999) Ascending projec- tions from the area around the spinal cord central canal: A PHA-L study in rats.
+Allow the cells to attach for 48 h (see Note 3). 4-140. Smalls highest density was 23,000 treesha but subsequent work showed that the trend to higher oil yields continued to at least 36,000 treesha (Peak 1982). Repeat Problem 23 if EBN 120 V100°. In the 1980s, another large detector was built in Japan using water as the target, which the Cˇerenkov light emitted by the struck electrons as the signal for a neutrino.
+Dupuytrens Contracture, Jack Abboudi and David S. J Urol 1984;132:474479. 1992). Thus, while many of its relations have historically been patriarchal, there is reason to believe that there is room in Confucian orthopraxy for more equitable relations. Boeree, this could mean that if you are a sadist, you should hurt other people; masochists should hurt themselves; if you like drugs or alcohol, go for it; and if youre feeling depressed, kill yourself.
+Pound Robert V. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1989. Download kumpulan robot forex If this component was in poor condition or failed, what would be the impact on the availability of the equipment, including set- up and the need for readjustment of equipment settings. Mol. At this time, a third peak in testosterone concentrations occurs. Deposit: 250Min. Evidently Metaphysics Z. Reflux is associated with recurrent urinary tract infections and can result in reflux nephropa- thy, in which the renal parenchyma is irretrievably damaged.
+Usually daily and weekly binary options have similar payout profiles that are at the high end of the spectrum. Drugs and vaccines against biological weapons. Projectdisplays the Customize Fields dialog box with the highlighted field selected.
+For a practical flat panel display, it is necessary to have typically 100 Cdm2 brightness but with FE most devices will exceed 300 Cdm2. The lone pair in ammonia is more negative than the bonding pairs; some of the negative charge on the bonding pairs is offset by the presence of the hydrogen atoms with their positive nuclei. The rationale for selection of PEGylation chemistry and geometry is based on the structure of the protein to be PEGylated and the role that potential coupling sites play in any desired activity.
+Chem. 110 542 CHAPTER 18 TABLE 18. With ASP. This stored pro- gram concept made computers more flexible and easier to program. After that the program can be run: gcc -o demo demo. What is the long-range fate of all the uranium that exists in the world today.
+The original suggestion (to derate the engine) would only seem to be sensible if the full-rated engine was to be used in future aircraft variants.R.
+Some examples of potential neurology-associated pro- blems that can be detected by a review of systems are as follows: 1. Biotech- nol. A typical composition consists of 25 ethyl cellulose, 60 mineral oil, 10 resins and the rest stabilisers and waxes.Human immunodeficiency binary forex signals review Matsuda
+Search the Community
+Showing results for tags 'favorite'.
+Found 53 results
+Favorite Makuta
+Leaf posted a topic in Bionicle Storyline & TheoriesSO. Who's your favorite Makuta?Mine was Krika. I always felt sorry for him. He tried his best to do good, and look where it got him. Mutated, and faded out of existence by Gorast.
+Favorite Toa Team
+HewkiiXMacku posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionNow, I've seen that there are many topics on your "Favorite Bionicle Character" and such, but I haven't yet seen a Favorite Toa Team topic yet. (If there is one, call me out on it) Anyway, this topic is exactly what the title say's; What's Your Favorite Toa Team Throughout All of Gen1? It can be a team from the entirety of Gen1; the Mata/Nuva, The Hagah, the Cordak, whichever. My personal favorite team was/is the Toa Inika/Mahri, but mostly the Inika. Now, I by no means an experienced Bionicle fan, but I love the Inika storyline. And I also loved how all of the Toa Inika had previously been Matoran we've known from the very beginning, and seeing Jaller finally a Toa was very rewarding to me. And set wise, they were REVOLUTIONARY. New building style, tons of new pieces. Sure, there was no gear system, but hey, you get what you get and you don't throw a fit. So, what's your favorite team? EDIT: Mods, please move this topic to Bionicle Discussion. No idea why I put it in Storyline and Theories.?
+The Greatest Themes
+Bonkle posted a topic in LEGO DiscussionWhat do you guys think were the best LEGO themes? Personally, I think that Agents (2008) Power Miners, and Exo-Force were great because of their originality and play value.
+Favorite Song Used in BIONICLE?
+Bonkle posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionWhat is your favorite song or piece of music from BIONICLE? It can be a real song used for commercials or a piece composed specifically for BIONICLE. It's a tough choice for me. BIONICLE has made me a huge AIK, All-American Rejects, and Cryoshell fan.
+Favorite Collectible?
+Bonkle posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionYou should expect these topics regularly from now on. What is your favorite BIONICLE collectible? You can answer the poll, but I would appreciate if you explained why in a post. Personally, I like Kanohi masks the best because they are the most universally-used items, and there are tons of cool designs.
+Favorite Team?
+Bonkle posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionWhat is your favorite group of Bionicle sets? By that I mean like the Toa Inika, or the the Piraka, or anything like that. Why is it your favorite? Personally, my favorite would be the Toa Mahri. I really liked watching the team develop from the beginning, and the Mahri designs were awesome. They were able to look like a unified group but still have unique designs.
+Your Favorite Summer Bionicle Sets
+Toa Smoke Monster posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionSince the summer wave of Bioncle sets are becoming available to the public, I thought I would make a poll to see who is everyone's favorite set out of this line. So, which summer Bionicle set is your favorite? For me, I'm withholding my vote until I get all of them. I only have Skull Basher as of this post. I'll edit in my choice once I have the rest of the sets.
+Favorite Mask?
+Bonkle posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionWhat is your favorite Bionicle mask, and why? Do you like the design? The powers? Was it from your first set? Let me know! Also note that you can include a specific color for masks that were released in multiple colors. There are a lot of masks I really like, but right now I just really love the look of the Noble Ruru. The power is kind of meh, though....
+What are Your Favorite Songs?
+Evergrey: Toa of Music posted a topic in Completely Off TopicWhat are your favorite songs? Feel like sharing? You can name your favorite song, top 3 songs, 5 songs, 10 songs, etc. But please keep the number of songs you list per post to 25 or less. Feel free to also start discussion about songs if you agree or disagree other peoples' musical preferences, but remember to be polite if you disagree I'll just do a general top 10 for now, I may revise this list in a future post, but here's my current top 10 songs: (Song)- (Band) 10- Fear is the Weakness- In Flames 09- It Comes From Within- Evergrey 08- Dark Side of the Sun- Emergency Gate 07- Divide and Conquer- Shadows Fall 06- Fear- Evergrey 05- Long Shot- Kelly Clarkson 04- Welcome the Sickness- Mercenary 03- Save Your Soul- Shadows Fall 02- Throes of Perdition- Trivium 01- Numb- Evergrey Enjoy!
+-?
+Favorite/Least Favorite Toa Team
+Sybre posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionThe title says it all! Now, this isn't really a "best/worst" topic, but I think you can try to carefully say why you consider the selected team to be the best or worst in your opinion. Also, you're allowed to list a form of one team as your favorite, and a different form as your least favorite. Here's a sample of what that would look like: Dude says, "My favorite Toa team is the Toa Inika because of the 'tone' of the year they were in and they sported a revolutionary building system. But my least favorite is the Toa Mahri because they hardly expanded upon anything except for Kongu, who had an all-new torso." This is not my pick, however. My real favorite is the Toa Metru because of their setting, the character interactions, and Vakama! My least favorite, however, is the Toa Hordika for one reason, and one reason only: that left arm. By Mata Nui's lederhosen, those left arms are horrific compared to the right arms! You'll have to buy two of the same Hordika if you want better arms... That's really all. What about!
+Favorite Toa Form?
+Banana Gunz posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionSo, over the course of Bionicle's life, we've gotten several toa body types ranging from the mata to... well Tahu's disgusting agori thing, if that abomination even counts. Toa are the central characters of Bionicle so what style is the most appealing to you? Which looks the best? Which has the most pose ability/functionality? Which is your least favorite? Why? So many question marks?
+Favorite Mask Connection and Head?
+Banana Gunz posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionAs we all know, there have been several types of Bionicle heads and mask attachments. I want to know what your favorites are! And why? Is it open to building and customizing? Does it look best? Is it more practical and simple? Tell me! And every part has its downsides so what do you NOT like about your favorite type? The heads can range from the Toa Mata heads, the Tohunga head, to the Metru (the piraka heads are kind of a sub-category of this one), to the Inika, the Av-Matoran head, the Glatorian head, or any of the others (though most others are pretty species specific). As for masks, do you like the older sort of short 'stud' connection, the axle, the axle hole, the connection point being on the top or sides of the mask, or even no solid connection at all (Inika)?!?! !!! My opinions Below !!! My favorite head is the Metru head, for it looks as interesting and ominous as the original, and is highly practical. It allows for easy head mobility and connections and looks great behind most masks. Plus, it is compatible with most of the masks made in Bionicle despite many of them being connected to the head differently, such as the Mata masks and the Metru masks. I never liked the fully transparent heads so this head is optimal, because it makes the eyes stand out and look really cool when they catch the light. They look like a part of every model rather than be distracting! Its only downside is that its shape, though very welcoming to most masks, can reject a few, and it works best with axle attachments, for the older Mata-Masks can swivel just a tad bit (not a big deal for me but for some can be distracting). My favorite mask connection is the first Mata "stud" connection, honestly. It makes the mask seem more like a mask, rather than a face as the more permanent axle connected masks made themselves out to be. Plus, it is sturdy enough not to fall off by accident a lot, but still can be made to come off with little struggle for play-ability. As well as that, they feel better to take off the face for no fear of damaging the connector 'stud', whereas (as rarely as it happens) with the axle connection, it is possible for the axle to bend or break (especially with its softer material on many masks). Probably one of my biggest reason for liking the old mask connection is because of its lack of need to put the infamous "hole" on the visible side of the mask opposite the connector. This "hole" was a problem with so many of Bionicle's masks which often ruined many of their great designs. The only downside to the Mata masks was that they could be a little prone to falling off, especially when little kids played with them. Second places for me would have to be the Mata heads and the Mistika mask attachment. The first, though being a bit too visible behind the masks and having no attached (already molded in) way of making the head move, looked a lot better than any of the fully transparent heads ever did and could have extra parts added to it to easily make it move. The second, allowed for a sturdy attachment and didn't ruin the masks with that awful "hole" on the mouth. It's only downside being the axle could stay on the head rather than in the mask when taken off (and thus, be a bit of a bother).
+What's your favorite Launcher?
+Pupwa21 posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionPersonally, My favorite Launcher was the Midak Skyblaster. It took the Zamor Launcher and just improved on it a lot. It allowed for better rapid fire, More compact and you didn't need an extra part to have more ammo.
+Favorite Hero Factory TV Episode?
+Lenny7092 posted a topic in Hero Factory DiscussionHi, guys! As the title says above, who is your favorite Hero Factory TV episode? For me, I think the Breakout episodes are my favorites because they are epic.
+Official "favorite Bionicle Comic Artist" Poll
+Erebus posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionGot permission from Forum Leader McSmeag to post this official poll. In this poll, you can choose your favorite BIONICLE comic artist. Christian Zanier was the illustrator for two comics in Graphic Novel #8, particularly Fall and Rise of the Skrall and The Exile's Tale, as well as Graphic Novel #6's Hydraxon's Tale. Vote away!
+Favorite Chima Episode?
+fishers64 posted a topic in LEGO DiscussionTitle says it all. Which episode do you think was the best of the series? For me, it was Episode 20 of Season 1. I won't spoil it, but it had a lot of good emotional moments and suspense and mystery and what I'm looking for in a episode.
+Favorite Toa Mata/Nuva/etc form?
+Toa Of Anarchy posted a topic in Bionicle DiscussionSo we all have are favorite, which of the Toa Mata's different appearances did you like best?Mine, when the Toa Mata were the Toa Mata. Something about the simplicity and the nostalgia make them seem so superior, although I am sure some of you will disagree.
+Favorite Bionicle Weapon
+Toa Of Anarchy posted a topic in Bionicle Storyline & TheoriesOk, so I was drifting around biosector01 looking for some decent weapons for my Vortixx in BZPRPG, and much to my surprise, I found a list of really incredible weapons (most made on Xia), some of them I am proud to say were thought up by us here at BZP. So that sparked my idea for this thread, whats your favorite Bionicle weapon? Mine is personally the Vortixx Rhotuka Battle Ax. This weapons awesome design and sweet powers put this one at the top of mine..
+Fertility
+BLW Guide: The Do’s and Don’ts of Baby-Led Weaning
+What Does BLW Mean?
+BLW or “baby-led weaning” is a feeding approach that lets your child be in control of their mealtime experience. Babies feed themselves from the start, with finger foods instead of being spoon-fed purées.
+Parents introduce foods and the baby controls how much of it they actually eat. In this complementary feeding approach, your child continues breastfeeding or bottle-feeding while also trying out a variety of foods.
+Dr. Gill Rapley is recognized as the BLW pioneer who started talking about this feeding approach in 2001. She published “Baby-Led Weaning: Helping Your Baby To Love Good Food” with Tracey Murkett in 2008.
+According to Dr. Rapley, it may be wrong to say that BLW is the opposite of spoon-feeding because it’s not exactly a feeding method. Instead, she defines it as a “fundamental approach to food and babies.” (1)
+The concept of BLW includes all of the following:
+- Ensuring your child eats independently (they decide how much they eat, how long the mealtime will be, and they should be self-feeding)
+- Offering your baby healthy foods
+- Providing finger foods they can grasp with their hands
+- Sharing family mealtimes
+Dr. Rapley further explains that deciding to feed your child with finger foods trying to sneak in some food in their mouths isn’t BLW. Doing so is simply conventional weaning with finger foods. (1)
+In the same manner, independent feeding with finger foods can’t also be considered real BLW if your child is frequently doing it outside of family mealtimes.
+Dr. Rapley also explains that trust is a big factor in BLW.
+Your task is to prepare baby-safe foods, but you should trust your baby to know whether they’ll eat or not, what to eat from the options you prepared, how much to eat, and when they’ll finish eating.
+This means that in BLW, you shouldn’t force your baby to eat everything you prepared. It can get quite messy, but you can’t pick how your child wants to eat their food.
+Safety is of primary importance, of course. You should supervise your baby’s meals, but you can’t interfere unless they’re choking. (2)
+How can you start baby-led weaning? At what age can your baby start BLW, and what are the best first foods to give them? Can you do a mix of baby-led weaning and purées? What choking hazards should you avoid? Find answers below.
+Benefits Of Baby-Led Weaning
+Studies show that BLW can be beneficial for your baby in many ways. Benefits can include: (3(4)
+- Improvement of their fine motor skills, chewing skills, hand-eye coordination, and dexterity.
+- May help prevent your child from fussy or picky eating
+- Lower risk of obesity or becoming overweight
+- Easy food preparation because your baby eats the same food as the rest of the family
+- They get to share the mealtimes with the family
+- Early introduction to a variety of foods
+- Independence (your child is in control)
+- Appetite control (they learn how to stop when they’re full)
+- Fewer costs (you won’t need to buy purées)
+- No worrying about baby food recalls
+- Homemade baby foods let you know exactly what’s in their food
+- Ease with dining out because your child can eat regular table foods
+- You child enjoys a full sensory experience as they explore, inspect, and taste different food flavors and textures
+- Good eating habits
+- Studies also show that introducing a variety of foods, including common allergens like eggs and peanuts, can even help your child avoid developing allergies in the future. (3)
+But always consult with your baby’s pediatrician, especially if your child shows signs of possible allergies to certain allergens or if there’s a family history of allergies.
+Since your baby can also learn self-regulation thanks to BLW, they may be more likely to understand the feeling of fullness and will stop eating then.
+If you’re doing the traditional spoon-feeding method, it can be easier for you to sneak in a couple more bites (while distracting your child with “airplanes,” for example), even if they’re already full.
+By learning self-regulation, your child may be able to control their food intake more efficiently.
+At What Age Can I Start BLW?
+Though the AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) recommends exclusive breastfeeding through your baby’s first six months, some children might be ready for eating solid foods at four months. (2)
+But you have to ensure they’re really ready before giving them solid foods for the first time.
+Can I Start BLW At 5 Months?
+Yes, but only if they show signs of readiness to eat solid foods. Starting too early can increase their risk of choking.
+Check if your child shows these signs:
+- Sits on their own
+- Exhibits neck control
+- Shows interest in food (leans forward, opens mouth, or tries to grab food)
+- Can use jaw movements to move food to the back of their mouth
+- Shows diminished tongue-thrust reflex (pushes tongue out to spit something you put in their mouth)
+Preparing For BLW As A Parent
+Your baby isn’t the only one who should be ready for baby-led weaning. It’s also important that you’re prepared to support your child in learning how to wean themselves through this practice.
+Educate Yourself About BLW
+Baby-led weaning has plenty of differences from traditional weaning or spoon-feeding. It’s important to do it properly so your baby can get the most benefits out of this feeding approach.
+But Dr. Rapley also assures parents that you don’t have to do it perfectly, noting that some online clubs ostracize moms who aren’t “true BLWers.”
+However, while she’s in favor of letting you find what works best for you and your baby, she also notes that your baby can fully enjoy BLW lifelong benefits if you follow the proper way. (1)
+So, though it’s tempting to make your baby eat all the food you prepared, don’t do it. Instead, you should learn to trust your child’s instincts. They’ll come to know what they like, how much they should eat, and eat it at their own pace.
+In doing BLW, you have to make sure you follow all these factors:
+- Provide your child with healthy foods
+- Prepare age-appropriate finger foods
+- Let your child join mealtimes with the rest of the family
+- Allow your child to eat independently
+Seek Advice From Health Professionals
+Baby-led weaning isn’t for everyone.
+It might be inappropriate or unsafe for kids with motor, developmental, or medical issues. For example, premature babies might develop later and will only be ready when they’re around six months from their original birth due date.
+Discussing your approach to starting solids with your child’s pediatrician can be helpful.
+Your pediatrician might refer you to a dietitian or nutritionist if your child needs a special diet to meet certain nutritional needs.
+If your little one has a known food allergy, you might also need to seek advice from other healthcare professionals, such as an allergist.
+Learn Difference Of Choking Vs. Gagging
+Choking and gagging might appear the same, but they’re different. (3)
+Gagging is due to your baby’s gag reflex, a safety mechanism that can prevent choking.
+Your child might also gag on food they taste for the first time because it’s something new to their taste buds.
+Signs of gagging can include:
+- Loudly gurgling, coughing, or sputtering
+- Regurgitating swallowed food back into their mouth
+- Baby’s tongue may be thrust forward
+- Possible spitting up or vomiting
+- Possible red face
+It’s often mistaken for choking, but it’s a normal part of trying new foods.
+If you recognize the signs of gagging, don’t try to help your baby or stop them from vomiting. Doing so can lead to choking.
+But if your baby is choking, it’s important to find ways to remove the blockage. Because it’s dangerous, learn to recognize these signs of choking:
+- Struggling to cough or breathe
+- Terrified look
+- High-pitched sounds while breathing
+- Face and lips might also turn blue
+Choking babies might have a hard time making a sound.
+Learn First Aid
+Babies and young children are curious and love putting things (edible or non-edible) in their mouths. So, they can potentially choke on various items, whether they’re spoon-fed or doing BLW.
+It’s always a good idea to learn common first-aid procedures, including:
+- CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
+- Heimlich maneuver (to dislodge an item that caused choking)
+These can save your baby while you wait for emergency services to arrive.
+Depending on where you live, you can take online classes or join live courses in your area.
+Recognize Choking Hazards
+One of the biggest obstacles faced by BLW is that many parents and health professionals believe it has a higher risk of choking than traditional weaning.
+But studies show that BLW babies aren’t more likely to choke on their food than spoon-fed babies. (4)(5)
+Still, it’s important to recognize choking hazards to minimize the likelihood of your child suffocating on their food. You can also discuss it with your pediatrician.
+Some foods can pose a high choking risk, depending on how they’re prepared. Avoid giving these known choking hazards to your baby:
+- Hard fruits and veggies (celery, carrots, apples, etc.)
+- Whole cherry tomatoes
+- Whole cherries, grapes, raspberries, and berries
+- Melon balls
+- Dried fruits (such as raisins, dates, prunes, etc.)
+- Whole or chopped nuts
+- Sticky peanut butter and another nut butters
+- Tough chunks of meat
+- Hot dogs and other hard, processed meat foods
+- Fish with bones
+- Large chunks of cheese
+- Tough bread
+- Hard cookies and snacks (such as granola bars, teething biscuits, cereals, pretzels, popcorn, and corn chips)
+- Hard candy
+- Jelly beans
+- Marshmallows
+You can still give some of these foods to your baby, but make sure to prepare them so they can’t be a choking hazard.
+For example, you can cook fruits, vegetables, and meat until tender. You can also cut round fruits and vegetables such as grapes, berries, cherries, and cherry tomatoes into manageable slices.
+Other Foods To Avoid
+Some foods aren’t exactly choking hazards but should still be avoided because your baby isn’t developmentally ready to digest or handle them.
+- Avoid giving honey to children below one year of age because it can cause botulism, a toxic condition that a young child’s still developing tummy can’t yet handle. (6)
+- Undercooked meat and runny eggs can pose a foodborne illness risk. (7)
+- Unpasteurized dairy products and lunch meats can increase the risk of listeria, a serious bacterial infection. (8)
+- Avoid cookies, chips, cereals, and prepackaged foods, even if some are marketed as “iron-fortified.” They can be full of additives, contain unhealthy trans-fats and vegetable oils, and lack nutrients.
+- It’s also important to avoid junk foods and chocolates.
+- Babies actually need fat (healthy fats such as MUFAs or monounsaturated fats) for proper growth and development. So, try not to pick low-fat foods (vs. full fat) for your baby unless advised by your pediatrician. (9)
+- Your child’s tummy can’t digest full cow’s milk (unless it’s in infant formula) until they’re at least one year old. (10)
+- Avoid adding salt, sugar, or artificial sweeteners to your baby’s food. They don’t have any nutritional value, can mask the foods’ natural flavors, and may affect your child’s food preferences. Frequently eating salty or sugary foods can increase the risks of obesity and other health concerns. (11)
+While you should avoid salt and sugar, it may be fine to use some herbs and spices to add a variety of flavors to your child’s meal.
+Introducing Allergens
+In the past, parents were told to keep allergens out of their children’s diet until they were sure that the child wasn’t allergic to them.
+But recent studies and clinical trials show that early allergen introduction might help prevent food allergies even in children with risk factors. (12)
+To prevent peanut and egg allergy, you can introduce these foods when your baby is around six months old, but not before they’re four months of age.
+You should feed your child a diverse diet to promote allergy prevention, including other potential allergens.
+According to studies, using hydrolyzed formula (with broken-down milk proteins) in the first year of life doesn’t appear to have the same protective benefits against food allergy or food sensitization as introducing allergens. (12)
+The guidelines above are recommended by the following:
+- American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
+- American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
+- Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
+These allergy experts don’t require screening before allergen introduction, but some parents might prefer getting their children tested before introducing them to these foods.
+If you believe that your child might be allergic to something, you can go through pre-screening. Also, make sure to talk to your pediatrician before introducing these allergens.
+Of course, it’s important to closely watch for signs of an allergic reaction after introducing your child to a potential allergen. Some symptoms can include:
+- Hives
+- Itchy lips, eyes, mouth, and skin
+- Swollen lips
+- Teary eyes
+- Breathing difficulties
+Immediately seek medical attention if your baby shows any sign of breathing difficulties. A severe allergic reaction can be life-threatening.
+Continue Milk Feeds
+Dr. Rapley explains that baby-led weaning is not about replacing breast milk or formula with food. Instead, it’s about introducing your child to foods that complement their milk feeds. (13)
+It’s still important to continue providing the same amount of milk or formula to your baby while also learning to eat more of these complementary foods.
+You Might Need Diet Changes
+BLW promotes letting your baby join family mealtimes, but foods prepared for adults and older kids might not suit your little one.
+Some diet changes might be needed, especially because BLW promotes healthy foods.
+Avoid highly processed and refined foods.
+If you can’t help it, then it’s important to teach your older kids, other family members, or caregivers not to give the baby some of their food.
+Accept The Mess
+BLW can be messier than traditional weaning because your child controls the food and might play with it, especially during the first few weeks of following this approach.
+Accept that it can be messy, but you can also find ways to minimize the mess:
+- Pick a large bib or smock to put around your baby’s shoulder and chest.
+- Choose a highchair with an easily removable, washable tray cover.
+- Line the floor with garbage bags or other floor mats to catch the mess.
+Also, don’t keep on cleaning your baby’s face during the meal unless food gets in their nose.
+Understanding Your Baby’s Cues
+Is your baby throwing food around or just playing with it and dunking food into their cups? They’re not trying to defy or annoy you, mama.
+According to Dr. Rapley, these are all part of your child’s explorations and can actually be cues for something they can’t explain in words. (14)
+Throwing Food Around
+Possible reasons why your child is doing this:
+- They aren’t hungry yet
+- They’ve eaten enough
+- They want some food but not this particular food
+- They’re tired or feeling sick
+- They’re frustrated over something, such as feeling “trapped” in their highchair.
+Dr. Rapley suggests doing the following:
+- Accept (and try to decipher) what your child is trying to tell you.
+- Don’t offer more of the same food they’re throwing.
+- Move on to the next food options.
+- Don’t pick up the food and return it to their tray.
+- Pick up the dropped food and put it at the edge of your own plate. If your child can see the food and later become interested in it, they can always ask for it from you.
+Playing With Food
+These may be some reasons why your child is doing this:
+- They’re just experimenting with things such as shape, gravity, etc.
+- If they’re dunking their food in cups, they might just be imitating adults who dunk their bread in a bowl of soup or cucumber sticks in a dip.
+Dr. Rapley suggests doing the following:
+- Let your child experiment all they want unless it’s really annoying to you.
+- If you really want to stop them from doing it, you can gently intercept their hand and stop them.
+- Don’t get angry. Instead, you can tell your child, “Not in there, baby. Can you give it to me, please?”
+- You can also opt to keep the cup out of reach until your child wants to have a drink.
+- Don’t scold or punish your child. Instead, remain calm and focused.
+Turning Finger Foods Away
+Possible reasons why your child is doing this:
+- They want to copy others.
+- They’re trying to learn new skills (like spoon-feeding themselves) and want to become more competent.
+Dr. Rapley suggests the following:
+- Go along with what your baby wants (it’s baby-led weaning, after all).
+- Welcome and recognize your child’s achievements.
+- Support them in trying to learn how to use feeding utensils.
+- But don’t be surprised if your child also wants to go back to using their hands to eat. It can happen even after learning how to use a spoon. Again, just support what they want to do.
+Be With Your Baby
+Show support to your child by being with them during mealtimes.
+Make sure to also be there throughout the meal for their safety. You can keep watch for signs of choking or possible allergic reactions.
+Eating with your baby can also let you model good eating habits.
+Letting your baby join family meals can also help promote their social skills.
+How Do I Start Baby-Led Weaning?
+Before starting your child on BLW, make sure that you (or your child’s caregiver) and your child are ready by following the recommendations above and checking for signs of readiness.
+Once you’re sure that you’re all set, you can start BLW by doing the following:
+Pick The Right Equipment
+- Get your child a high-quality highchair or booster seat that can safely support their body. Make sure it has a footrest, and your child can sit in a position that keeps their hips and knees within a 90-degree angle.
+- An adjustable highchair can be ideal because it can grow with your baby.
+- Choose food-grade silicone spoons or stainless steel cups and other feeding utensils (if your baby is ready to use them). If you’re going to use plastic, please make sure it’s BPA-free. BPA (bisphenol-A) is a common toxin in plastic products. (15)
+- Provide your child with a smock or oversized bib to catch all the mess.
+- Find options, such as garbage bags, to line the floor for easier cleaning after the meal.
+You can still choose bowls and plates for your baby’s food or put them directly on the highchair tray.
+Prepare Foods According To Age & Developmental Milestones
+To minimize choking hazards, consider these factors in preparing your child’s meal.
+Younger babies will use the palmar grasp (all fingers trying to hold the food), so they might find it difficult to grab onto little pieces of food.
+Start by giving them food in sticks or slices the size of adult fingers. They can grab the bigger piece of food and eat off the end that sticks out of their hand.
+Always watch your child while eating to prevent them from putting or pushing the entire food stick in their mouth. It can turn that piece of food into a choking hazard.
+As they begin to master grasping food, you can give them smaller food cubes.
+While doing BLW, your baby might also do a “raking” movement to try picking up a small piece of food. In this kind of grasp, your child will try to curl their thumb and first two fingers together.
+Smaller, pea-sized foods are ideal for self-feeding if your child already knows how to use the pincer grasp (index finger and thumb to hold food). The pincer grasp might develop when they’re seven to eight months old.
+You might notice that your baby will have a better, well-controlled pincer grasp by the end of their first year.
+How To Cut Foods For BLW
+Some examples of foods you can prepare according to your child’s age:
+For 4-9 Months
+- Apples: Don’t give raw apples to your baby. Instead, cut and steam or cook until tender.
+- Avocado: There are several ways to serve ripe avocado in BLW. You can cut it into manageable cubes or thick slices with half of the peel still on for your baby to hold.
+- Bananas: Peel the banana and cut it in half then cut the halves in half. This will leave you with thicker pieces that are easier to grab.
+- Broccoli: Steam the florets until tender.
+- Eggs: Whisk the egg until it’s well mixed and cook it as an omelet. Cut the omelet into thick strips. You can also serve hard-boiled eggs cut into quarters. Don’t give runny or half-cooked eggs to your baby.
+- Meat: Cook meat until tender. Meat on the bone (such as drumsticks or ribs) may be ideal for this age group. Your child can nibble on the meat without choking on a bigger piece.
+- Pancakes: Cut the pancake in half or slice it into smaller pieces.
+- Sweet Potato: Cut it into thick wedges and steam or roast until tender.
+For 9-12 Months
+- Apples. You can serve cooked or steamed apples in small pieces.
+- Avocado: You can opt for small chunks or thin slices of ripe avocado. You can also add hemp seeds or gluten-free bread crumbs for texture.
+- Bananas: You can serve bananas as thin strips or small cubes. You can also add some crushed baby puffs.
+- Broccoli: You can give your child roasted or steamed florets (with or without some spices for seasoning).
+- Eggs: You can serve chunks of hard-boiled eggs or scrambled eggs (but not too big for them to be choking hazards)
+- Meat: Meat should always be cooked until tender, but you can serve thicker strips, shredded, or ground meat (such as meatballs) to this age group.
+- Pancakes: You can chop them into small pieces.
+- Sweet Potato: You can serve steamed or roasted sweet potatoes in thick wedges or chopped smaller pieces.
+For One Year And Above
+- Apples. You can give your child cooked or raw apples, but still, monitor that they don’t bite large chunks that can be choking hazards.
+- Avocado: You can serve avocado as a “boat.” Cut the avocado in half (lengthwise), then provide your child with a spoon they can use to scoop the soft flesh.
+- Bananas: You can serve whole bananas they can bite from the top. Your child can also learn to peel the banana at this age if they want to eat more.
+- Broccoli: You can cook the florets with or without some spices for seasoning.
+- Eggs: Your child can be the one to cut the omelet or hard-boiled eggs the way they want to.
+- Meat: Meat should still be cooked until tender, but you can serve bigger strips and shredded or ground meat.
+- Pancakes: Whole pancakes that your child can cut into small pieces.
+- Sweet Potato: Don’t serve raw. You can give your child some cooked wedges or chopped pieces.
+As your baby nears their first birthday and beyond, their food options can become increasingly similar to yours.
+You can begin introducing them to foods like spaghetti, deconstructed tacos, and larger portions of the food they ate at a younger age. You can put these foods on a plate without cutting them into smaller pieces.
+But even with older children, you still have to make sure there aren’t choking hazards or the foods are in manageable cuts before giving it to your child.
+Keep First Foods Simple
+Keep your child’s first meals simple for BLW beginners and even in traditional weaning. Offering one food at a time can also help you determine possible allergy triggers.
+Avoid putting too much food on your baby’s plate or food tray. It can be overwhelming. Instead, you can begin with a handful of options and see which one your child will pick.
+You can add to their food tray if they want to eat more. Check for visual cues and adapt to your child’s preferences.
+Gradually Offer Food Varieties
+BLW is all about providing your child with healthy foods. So, you can gradually offer more food varieties.
+You can also keep mealtimes interesting by offering your child different food textures.
+Soft, ripe fruits like avocados and bananas can be the best baby first foods. But meat and eggs can provide them with added texture and flavor.
+Plus, these are iron-rich foods that can help address issues of babies not getting enough of this essential mineral from their food while doing BLW. (16)
+Dine Together & Follow Family Mealtime Schedules
+Though you might want to focus on your child and let them eat by themselves, Dr. Rapley explains that eating with family is one of the important factors in BLW. (1)
+So, you can also try to incorporate feeding baby with family mealtimes.
+BLW Safety Tips
+- Avoid choking risks and prepare foods according to age or developmental stage.
+- Closely supervise all mealtimes and try not to multitask while your child is eating.
+- Monitor for any allergic reaction.
+- Ensure your baby sits up during mealtime.
+- Your baby should also be alert throughout the meal. If your baby begins to look sleepy while eating, remove the food.
+- Choose safe feeding utensils and a high chair with a tray.
+- Explain BLW to older children and other caregivers.
+- Don’t let your baby move around, especially if they have food in their mouth or hands.
+- Don’t let your toddler eat in the car unless there’s an adult who understands BLW that’s sitting with them.
+- Always check the food’s temperature and tenderness before giving it to your child.
+- Check your baby’s mouth if they have some food left in the sides of their cheeks or stuck on the roof of their mouth.
+- Don’t stick your finger in to get the food. As much as possible, try to let your child manage taking care of food stuck in their mouth. If necessary, you can encourage them to continue chewing, swallow the food with milk or water, or spit it out.
+Baby-Led Weaning Foods
+Fruits For BLW
+As a rule, soft foods like fruits can be served raw, but always cook harder ones (such as apples) to reduce the risk of choking.
+Here are some fruits that you can let your baby try:
+- Sliced avocado
+- Sliced bananas
+- Smashed, thinly sliced or halved blueberries, strawberries, or other berries
+- Sliced melon (with pits or seed removed)
+- Sliced ripe mangoes
+- Orange wedges (but remove the seeds and tough membranes)
+- Sliced pear (can be served raw only if soft and very ripe)
+- Sliced apple (cooked until tender)
+- Sliced ripe peach or nectarine
+Vegetables For BLW
+Like fruits, vegetables also need to be cooked until they’re tender enough for your baby to eat. Exemptions are soft ones that can be eaten raw, such as tomatoes.
+These are some of the vegetables you can give your baby; make sure they’re cooked (steamed, baked, roasted, or sauteed):
+- Sweet potato
+- Butternut squash
+- Carrots
+- Green beans
+- Tomatoes
+- Broccoli
+- Zucchini or summer squash
+- Beets
+- Spinach
+Is Cucumber OK For Baby-Led Weaning?
+Yes. Cucumber can be a good choice for BLW because its outer portion is harder and can make holding a slice easier for your baby. But the inside part is softer and can be easy to munch on.
+Proteins For BLW
+Never serve your child raw or half-cooked meats, poultry, or fish. This can put your child at risk for food-borne illnesses, especially since their tummies are still developing and they may not digest these foods properly.
+Here are some meat and plant sources rich in proteins you can give your child, make sure they’re served well-cooked:
+- Hard-boiled eggs or omelet
+- Chicken
+- Beef
+- Lamb
+- Baked or grilled fish (such as cod or salmon), scales and bones removed
+- Hummus
+- Baked beans, cut or mashed
+- Lightly baked tofu strips
+Some fish contain high mercury levels. It’s a toxic heavy metal that can affect your child’s development and health. (17)
+In choosing your baby’s food, stay away from the following high-mercury fish:
+- Tuna
+- Shark
+- Orange roughy
+- Swordfish
+- Albacore
+- Blue marlin
+- Grouper
+- Sea bass
+- Common sole
+- Atlantic bonito
+Whole Grains For BLW
+If possible, choose gluten-free whole grains for your baby’s food, especially when starting out.
+But if you also want to introduce gluten (an allergen) to your child as part of allergy prevention, make sure to check with your pediatrician.
+Make sure whole grains and bread options aren’t too hard or dense (choking hazards).
+Some options you can try:
+- Whole-grain toast
+- Gluten-free muffins
+- Baked oatmeal strips
+- Whole-grain pancakes
+- Whole wheat pasta, cooked until tender (if you’re OK with gluten-containing food)
+Dairy For BLW
+Dr. Rapley recommends continuing milk feeds even while starting with baby-led weaning. She points out that complementary foods are introduced at this stage but shouldn’t replace breast milk or formula as your child’s primary source of nutrition. (1)
+Dairy is a common allergen. But like peanuts or eggs, you may also introduce dairy to your 6-month-old child to possibly prevent food allergies. (12)
+Still, you should check with your baby’s pediatrician before giving the following foods, especially if your child has known allergies to cow’s milk proteins:
+- Plain, full-fat yogurt (Greek-style or regular)
+- Mild cheddar cheese
+- Ricotta cheese
+- Cream
+- Cottage cheese
+- Mozzarella cheese
+- Swiss and cheddar cheese
+Ensure that the cheese cuts aren’t too large because this sticky food can be a potential choking hazard.
+It’s always important to check the food label to ensure that you only give your child pasteurized dairy products.
+Don’t give your child cheese from unpasteurized milk or mold-ripened soft cheeses, such as:
+- Brie
+- Camembert
+- Roquefort
+Can You Do A Mix Of Baby-Led Weaning And Purées?
+Yes. Mixing BLW and purées can be tricky, but you can still do it. However, you shouldn’t hand your child spoons preloaded with puréed food.
+According to Dr. Rapley, helping your child eat with a spoon while also giving them finger foods isn’t a mix of BLW and spoon-feeding. Instead, the BLW pioneer thinks that’s just conventional weaning. (1)
+Remember that BLW is about trusting your child to pick the food they want to eat.
+Here are some ways to let your child self-feed purées:
+- Put the purée directly on your child’s food tray or bowl and let them dip their hand into it. You can model dipping and putting your fingers in your mouth.
+- Another option is to put several preloaded spoons on the plate, but they should be the ones to decide which spoon to pick. However, it might be difficult, especially if they don’t know how to hold a spoon yet.
+- You can also offer purées as a dip for their finger foods. For example, they can dip their toast or carrot stick in an avocado purée.
+Some BLW Recipes To Try
+Avocado Slices With Coating
+Ingredients
+- One ripe avocado
+- 1 tsp lemon juice
+- Coating materials such as hemp seeds, gluten-free bread crumbs, or crushed baby puffs
+Preparation Instructions
+- Cut the avocado in half.
+- Remove the seed.
+- Scoop out the soft flesh.
+- You can also peel and cut to your desired size and shape. It’s alright to leave some peel at the bottom portion for your child to hold.
+- Lightly mix in the lemon juice. It can help keep your avocado cuts from discoloring.
+- Sprinkle some coating material on the avocado spears or cuts.
+- Serve.
+BLW Salad
+Ingredients
+- ½ cup broccoli florets
+- ½ cup green beans
+- ½ cup cucumber sticks
+- ½ cup chopped tomatoes
+- ½ tsp EVOO (extra virgin olive oil)
+- 1 tsp lemon juice
+- One hard-boiled egg, quartered
+Preparation Instructions
+- Steam the broccoli florets and green beans until tender. Cool down.
+- Mix the broccoli florets, green beans, cucumber sticks, chopped tomatoes, lemon juice, and EVOO in a bowl.
+- Top with the egg.
+- Serve.
+You can find other baby foods to prepare in our article on BLW recipes.
+REFERENCES
+(1)
+(2)
+(3)
+(4)
+(5)
+(6)
+(7)
+(8)
+(9)
+(10)
+(11)
+(12)
+(13)
+(14)
+(15)
+(16)
+(17)
+as seen on
+
+S Australia.
+The Gravel Cyclist crew of yours truly and Dr. Pain chose the 150 mile /242 km event – the DP150 unofficially kicked off my Dirty Kanza 200 training for 2017. More about what I’m doing for that in a later post. Call it a loosely formed training plan…
+The scenery in this area of Florida / Georgia is beautiful – the ride crosses over the state line a couple of times. Grand southern plantations, oak canopies, farmland and pecan orchards on red clay and dirt. Marvelous! The promoters did a great job keeping pavement along the route to an absolute minimum.
+The promoters were also very clear about the nature of the ride:
+.”
+Bravo!
+The riding plan for this year was different. Last year, the pace during the first 60 miles was quite frenetic. In the company of Dr. Pain, K-Dogg, Pfaff Daddy and later, our good friend from Clermont, Florida, Tic Bowen, we set about following the fast guys on the 100 mile route. Playing follow the leader with the short-timer group isn’t exactly wise riding. Nor is refusing to get off the front as you drag your mates around for 20 or so miles afterwards in the name of “solid training”… I paid dearly for those early efforts later in the day.
+But 2017 is a new year and with it comes lessons learned and the desire to ride this year’s DP150 at a more reasonable tempo. Thus, I made that announcement on the event’s Facebook official page a few days earlier, and had the promoter announce the same over the PA system – “anyone wishing to join the Gravel Cyclist crew for 150 miles – they are riding it at reasonable tempo speed”.
+You’d think such a polite invitation would instill the hordes to come out and join our friendly crew, right? Fifteeen riders were confirmed for the 150 miler but initially, nobody was interested in joining Dr. Pain and me. Curses! Resigned to the fact we’d be riding a two man team time trial for 150 miles, we set off at 8am, rolling with the mass start of over 140 riders for the 2017 DP150. The early miles were a lovely neutral pace. Dr. Pain and I cruised around close to the front, which is a good tactic for filming and staying out of trouble.
+During these early miles of “neutral” on pavement, I spotted a very fit and lean looking fellow astride a very Pink Trek cyclocross bike. I introduced myself – Bryce (aka the Bearded Bike Doctor) was his name, and he was down for the 150. Nice, Dr Pain and I now had some company! Bryce indicated this was his first real gravel event. With a background in time trialing, I figured Bryce would have no problems adapting to this genre – steady tempo was the order of the day.
+The assembled group of riders made the right turn onto the first dirt and gravel road – Lake Road. Those riding the 60 or 100 miler distances didn’t waste any time in bumping up the pace. Dr. Pain, Bryce and I wisely sat on the tail of the group, but eventually “sat up” in the best interests of preserving our legs for the long haul ahead. Conditions on the day were very dry compared to 2016’s event. There were quite a few loose and sandy spots during the early miles, and this spelled trouble for some riders. Dr. Pain and I were rolling our well proven Schwalbe Furious Fred 29’er x 2″ tyres on our respective bikes.
+The Doc was aboard his reasonably new Raleigh Roker with Shimano’s Di2 electronic drivetrain and hydraulic brakes, while I was rolling the Lynskey GR250 review bike, equipped with the same groupset. Our tyres laughed at the sandy spots while others went sideways. Such are the virtues of big tyres, low air pressure and frames that are capable of fitting such tyres. Gravel bike manufacturers, take note of this… we’ve been extolling the virtues of wider tyres for years… so make them fit! Mountain bikers, they know all about this too 😉
+Our trio was riding a comfortable tempo, riding long turns on the front, swapping off and resting on the back. Our tempo soon became a quintet, when we were joined by Jason Ottinger and a bloke aboard a mountain bike fitted with a small pair of clip on aero bars – unfortunately, I don’t recall his name. Jason joined us for much of last year’s 150 mile haul and was a welcome edition. These lads chipped in their fair share of the workload.
+For 2017, I wasn’t going to repeat the error of staying on the front forever and jamming out tempo that was above my comfort zone. Nobody was impressed by last year’s display, and even less so when I cracked at around mile 126… when they had to wait for me. It wasn’t pretty.
+We picked up another rider for company approximately 40 miles into the ride, Wess, from the Orlando, Florida area. It turned out he had gotten detached from the 100 mile group, but was a little confused about the route… or maybe I got that wrong. Despite him stinging my legs a little on the roller hills whenever he took a turn on the front, his presence was very welcome.
+A little before our first scheduled stop at Boston, Georgia, 105 kilometres / 65 miles into the ride, we encountered a couple of locals strolling along a canopy lined dirt road. They yelled something to us which I interpreted as “holes in the road!” Fair enough I thought, just another crappy gravel road to deal with, no worries. At the following T-junction intersection, another local standing around on the road indicated there were “bulls on the road!” What? Err…
+Many parts of Florida and Georgia are cattle country, and this area was no exception to that rule. A herd of about eight bulls had gotten loose! They were peaceful, their only interests were dining on roadside grass and evading capture. Who wants to be hemmed in and sent back to a pasture? No way! In addition to living free, these bulls had no interest in hanging around a group of lycra clad entities astride strange and unwieldly contraptions. Our appearance was a sign to get moving, albeit at a relatively calm gallop parallel to the adjacent fence line to graze elsewhere.
+My companions and I wisely chose to exit our bikes, hoping this would present less of a threat to our bovine friends. Nope! They still didn’t want anything to do with us. Idea – clamor up an embankment directly across from the herd to create a buffer zone. The simplest solutions are sometimes the best!
+The wily bulls about faced at the prompting of their owners and pickup truck, and I assume continued towards home. We pressed onto Boston, Georgia.
+Boston, Georgia was the home of the Liberty convenience store, a good place to refill bottles, purchase supplies, or dine on french fries with tomato sauce, in my case.
+Definitely not a healthy option, but those salt laden carbohydrates would be burned in good time. It was here that we bid Wess farewell, and our quintet pressed on towards the next stop in Cherry Lake, Florida.
+The section of course between Boston and Cherry Lake, Florida, was almost entirely in Georgia. It was punctuated with plenty of hills of the short and punchy variety. They aren’t big by any means, but over the space of 150 miles, 1,300 metres / 4,300 feet is enough to feel it. The weather was cool and crisp for the early miles, in the low 40’s Fahrenheit / sub 7 degrees Celcius. Later, it warmed up to high 60’s Fahrenheit / 20 degrees Celcius. I am pretty certain Dr. Pain and I were dressed near perfectly – knee, arm warmers and a base layer for me while the Doc was wearing the same except for full leg warmers. Bryce was running a leaner setup, but dressing for a ride this long with nowhere to stash clothes, other than to carry them, is always a challenge. Some people overdress, and for ride of this length, that can lead to excessive perspiration and premature fatigue. A fine line.
+Somewhere along this stretch, we bid farewell to our friend on the MTB. He had been lurking near the back and from what I recall, he cut the ride short. Jason would ride strongly on the front, sometimes gapping the group on the endless climbs, but then dangle off the back of the group at other times. Bryce, Dr. Pain and I generally stuck together. Jason finally dropped off the back with about five miles before the second and final stop of the day in Cherry Lake. This was almost exactly the same place that he dropped off the back last year.
+Recollecting the 2016 edition, I knew there were at least two sandy sectors and a tough set of hills within the final 40 miles – they really gave me trouble last year. By this time, everyone was feeling the pinch, including Jason, who had rejoined us at the store stop. Bryce’s travel partner from Orlando had ridden the 60 mile route earlier, and driven out to meet him, with goodies such as fresh chain lube and from what I recall, some good food stuffs. Dr. Pain and I stuffed our faces with somewhat fresh pizza, hot out of the store oven. We were pretty desperate for calories, and pizza contains all of the important food groups – salt, fat and a savory taste, a break from the Gu energy gels and drinks we had been consuming. The low quality video below sums up my thoughts at the time…
+Rick Ashton and Mark Wheeler rolled into the stop as we sat around – these lads began their ride at 6am, keen to get a head start but roll a more reasonable tempo. I was still sleeping at 6am… I understand Rick is training for the Tour Divide this year – good luck!
+40 miles remaining.
+I began the final leg feeling good, but it didn’t take very long before the same feelings of fatigue that I experienced in 2016, began stirring up again. Huh? I thought I’d ridden more conservatively this year, and was on top of my hydration. This was a little perplexing. It all came undone for me in 2016 on Gum Swamp Road, which is usually a sandpit of despair, but this year, it was well hard packed… that was until Gum Swamp changed direction and became NW 85th Avenue.
+Over two miles of deep and unrelenting sand. Dr. Pain used his big tyres to roar ahead, and while I was on the same tyres, I rolled along conservatively, saving my energy for the short and steep hills that were soon to follow. This was one sector that gave Bryce trouble. Due to a lack of skill or the inadequacy of 40mm tyres in deep sand, it took him a while to slog through and rejoin us.
+A series of tough hills followed, and I went through a temporary rough patch, out of my comfort zone with Bryce’s pace setting. Thankfully, he and Dr. Pain were kind enough to slow, allowing me to rejoin.
+Just a few miles later, I felt a-m-a-z-i-n-g. I cannot attribute what had me feeling so great – perhaps it was the caffeine in the Gu drink mix that I generously chugged, or that the barn was drawing ever closer? Whatever it was, the final miles / kilometres ticked down quickly, and judging from the position of the sun, we were on schedule to arrive home faster than last year.
+I seldom upload my riding exploits to Strava, but it appeared we were over 22 minutes faster than the year before! You can see 2017’s workout HERE. It was a long and tiring day, but I was generally pleased with how I fared. But more than that, I was once again impressed with the quality of this event which included free entry – with an optional donation to benefit the Jefferson County 4-H club. Thank you promoters and volunteers! I am already looking forward to the 2018 event!
+3 comments on “Ride Report: 2017 Dirt(y) Pecan Dirt Road Epic – Monticello, Florida”
+JOM
+Great post. Monticello area is beautiful and your storytelling is always interesting. I hope to be in shape to ride it next year.
+I really enjoyed reading your blog. As a board member of the Jefferson County Tourist Development Council we helped sponsor this event, and your blog is exactly what we’re looking for in promoting our county. Great minds think alike!
+Hello Gretchen, thank you for writing in.
+I hope to have an event video available soon… watch this space!
+How Chipman to keep the teachings of The Three Principles, that I’m about to share in this blog, as pure as possible).
+At the end of our visit Elsie kindly invited us both to lunch. We had a really great conversation about life and about the principles. I shared a story with her when I was in my twenties and got caught by a riptide and almost drowned. And how I, from an understanding of the principles, now can look back at that experience and extract a lot of wisdom by seeing the principle of mind, consciousness and thought in action.
+My experience of almost drowning at Bondi Beach in Sydney, Australia is in one way comic, in one way scary and in another way filled with hope. We had a good laugh at the comic side of the story and had deep reflections about how the principles are the trinity that creates the human experience.
+Elsie encourage me to write a blog post and share my story. It has been on my todo list since then, but it isn’t until now that I feel that it has matured enough to be shared. So, three years later, I’m releasing my blog post about how I got caught by a riptide and almost drowned at Bondi Beach.
+I have created this blog post in three parts, as an attempt to help you as a reader see something new and fresh. Part 1 starts with me sharing that before I started to learn about The Three Principles I was stuck with a lot of insecure thinking and feelings. My insecurity has gone up and down through life and around the time of the incident at Bondi, I had a lot of insecure thinking. Part 2 is the actual experience and part 3 connects the dots from my experience to what I understand today about The Three Principles.
+What’s on offer when we start to be aware of how the principles of mind, consciousness and thought works in the present moment, is a deeper understanding that we always have access to a healthy self-esteem, our innate wellbeing regardless of our external circumstances. This is hopeful if you are looking for a way to make a positive shift in your life.
+I know that my experience at Bondi is an extreme example. But I think it is a good example that really shows that we humans are constantly navigating and experiencing life from the inside-out through the three principles of mind, consciousness and thought.
+Part one – Insecure thinking
+In 1987 I was twenty years old and was traveling around the world as a backpacker together with my brother. It was an amazing trip where we had a lot of fun and collected mutual memories. Looking back I also remember and can now see that during that period of my life, my insecure thinking about myself made me very self conscious. I spent a lot of time and energy comparing myself with my friends who seemed to have a stronger confidence and in my eyes was more popular.
+On the day of the incident I was hanging out with my friends on Bondi Beach. I remember that just before we went down and played with the waves, I lay on my beach towel and was ruminating about last night and my insecurity around girls. I thought that my confidence would get better as soon as I got rid of my acne, became more popular etc, etc. At that time I connected my insecurity to external events and didn’t see that it had anything to do with my thinking in the moment.
+To the reader: Part one is just to give you some kind of idea about how my thinking and reality looked at that time for me. It’s an important piece of the story I’m about to share.
+Part two – The story
+It was a really beautiful day and Bondi Beach was packed with people. The waves were great and me and my friends went into the water to body surf. I don’t know how long we’d been in the water, but suddenly I was behind the wave break and got further and further away from the beach.
+What I didn’t know then was that I had been caught by a riptide, I didn’t even know what a riptide was and obviously had no clue whatsoever how to act, except swim for life.
+It didn’t help me either that I started to think about sharks. I had heard that there had been shark attacks on Bondi and those thoughts really freaked me out. With that fear in my body I tried even harder to get in.
+I did think about calling for help so that I could be rescued by the lifeguards. But thinking about that gave me pictures in my head of how embarrassed I would be when everybody on the beach was watching me being rescued. So this was completely out of the question for me, I just couldn’t do it.
+So now I was on my own, I felt really scared and was starting to get really tired of all my swimming that was in vain. I just kept on getting more tired and kept getting further away from the beach. In my panic I got an insight, it was a thought that told me, – Hey Kenny, if you keep on swimming like you do now, you’re just going to die faster. That thought made me 100 % sure, no exceptions, that I was going to die by drowning.
+After that insight it just took a second and I experienced a deep sense of calmness, all my fearful thoughts about sharks and drowning vanished. Knowing that this was my last moments of life and in that state of calmness I started to swim slower.
+My fearful thoughts was replaced by life flashbacks and thoughts about how my brother would react after finding out that I was missing. Feelings of love and compassion replaced my fear. I felt really sad for my brother and my mother, knowing that my brother had to make the call to our mother in Sweden and tell her that I had drowned.
+My reality at that moment was that I’m going to die, no hesitation at all. So when I saw another guy swimming about 5 meters from me, my first thought was, poor guy, he is also drowning. In my mind then I was thinking that, okay, let’s call him over and we can hang out and talk until one of us dies. So I shouted, – Hey, you got a minute!
+He swam over and asked me, – Are you tired? I became a little perplexed and thought, that’s a stupid question, of course I’m tired. So I told him, – Yes I’m tired. He’s reply was, – Grab onto my feets and paddle with yours and I will take you in.
+Now I was really confused, but I did as he said. Frankly I don’t remember how long time it took, but after a short while I was standing with shaky legs on the beach. I thanked him and went straight to my beach towel, laid down and went through my experience in my mind.
+I felt that I had been given a second chance in life and that I needed to take care of that chance. I thought that now is the time for me to appreciate life, drop my insecurity and have more fun. Well, that worked for a little while, a year later I was hit by a life crisis and severe anxiety. I survived that too, but that’s another story.
+Part three – Extracting wisdom
+I can continuously as my understanding of the principles deepens, extract a lot of wisdom from my experience at Bondi Beach and I would like to share two of my most beneficial insights with you.
+The value I see from my story is that I can look back and see how the principles of mind, consciousness and thought, in the present moment, constantly are operating behind the scenes. These insights give me hope, these insights let me trust that there are always infinite possibilities to have new experiences and in the end these insights let me give my own mind enough space just to be.
+As I shared in the beginning of my story, my reality at the time of the experience was that I was feeling insecure, I didn’t share my insecure feelings with anyone. I thought that I was kind of alone feeling like that, everybody else in my eyes seemed to be confident. So for me I did my best to keep up and protect my self image.
+The pictures I got in my head of feeling embarrassed if I would be rescued by the lifeguards combined with my present understanding of insecurity were limiting me from calling out for help, it was no option for me!
+Today I can see insecurity from another level of understanding and if I were in the same situation today, I would scream like hell, be embarrassed and then get over it. But then I just couldn’t do it, it didn’t matter what anybody else would have told me or if I had tried to pep talk myself, I just couldn’t do it. It was my reality and after I got that picture of embarrassment in my head, I didn’t even had any more thoughts about calling for help.
+What I know today is that I can’t force myself out of my own reality (I can’t see what can’t see, and I can’t understand what I can’t understand). Instead I know deep in my consciousness that what shifts my reality is insights, it’s new thinking and a new level of understanding. For me, it creates feelings of hope when I truly know that I always have the ability and potential to have insights and see life from a higher level of understanding.
+So what insights has helped me to be calm in being stuck in the unknown?
+Two insights that I see more and more clearly are the following:
+1. My perceived reality is made from the inside-out by the power of thought, when my thinking changes, my reality and my feelings changes.
+2..
+Let’s explore my first insight
+My perceived reality is made from the inside-out by the power of thought, when my thinking changes, my reality and my feelings changes.
+First let’s distinguish the power of thought with what kind of thinking we create with the power of thought. In my story from the beginning to the end the power of thought was present all the time. It was only the thinking in the moment that was shifting. It is really good to know that you, me or anyone else can’t have an experience of life without the power of thought.
+At the time of the incident I was not aware of this power, but it didn’t matter, it was still there and it is still here with me now as I write in this blog post about that moment in my life. The power of thought is also with you now as you read the text that I have written. How you use this universal power is determining your present experience of my blog post.
+Back to the story! First this power created insecure thinking at the beach. Then this power created thoughts about sharks. Then I got a realization and the thought – Hey Kenny, if you keep on swimming like you do now, you’re just going to die faster. Then I thought about my brother and mother etc. etc. As soon as my thinking shifted with this power, so did my reality and so did my feeling state.
+This is just the way it works and it’s really beneficial to understand that the only reality we can experience is created from the inside-out by the power of thought. So today I see that the ever flowing energy of thought is one of the most powerful forces in the universe and that the thinking this energy creates at the same time is just simple thought, it’s a paradox. Because if we don’t give our own energy to what kind of thinking the power of thought creates or take it seriously, it will pass by itself.
+On the other hand, if we truly believe in what we think and give it energy, it will, first be our individual reality, and then it will manifest in the world of form. This is true for both positive and negative thoughts.
+With a higher level of understanding about the power of thought you and me can nourish our free will of letting thought in the moment pass. Or another way to see it, we have a free will to cling on to thinking that isn’t beneficial to us. If we choose not to cling on, we will give room for and allow life to naturally provide us with more beneficial thoughts. Just observe small children, they are experts at not clinging on to their thinking and to be fully engaged in the present moment.
+The second insight.
+This is the most beautiful and beneficial insight that I have got, it has been a game changer for me. This discovery was my way into learning more about The Three Principles and has allowed me to see that this understanding has the potential to help anyone get rid of their mental suffering. It is an omnipresent safety net that exists beneath our personal thinking that most people are not aware of.
+For me this is not a belief anymore, it is a knowing. I have my own experience of mental suffering and its negative consequences. I have a before and an after, I have been touched by and experienced what a deeper understanding of thought, mind and consciousness does for me personally. I’m also aware of what a lack of understanding can do.
+In my twenties I experienced severe anxiety and had some really scary panic attacks that I also became afraid to experience again. Unfortunately during this period in my life my mother committed suicide.
+My mother did her best as a single mom. Before she got depressed, I remember her being very social, full of energy and that she gave me and my brother a lot of love, but in the end she didn’t feel love for herself. She had gone through a divorce from an abusive marriage and was also caught up by thoughts about her childhood (In the 40s and 50s at the age of 3 to 10 she was detained in Sweden’s worst orphanage and was shoveled around in various foster homes).
+To see her make that shift, from being full of life and energy to become depressed, didn’t make sense to me. I felt helpless in my effort trying to help her feel better about herself. By calling an ambulance and taking her to the hospital I stopped her the first time she tried to commit suicide, but a couple of years later on the second attempt she died at the age of 51.
+Around 8 years after my mothers passing in the search for better feelings I started to get into personal development. It was a new world for me, but also a lot of work trying to change my circumstances and my thinking, in order to feel better.
+I started to read and listened to hundreds of different books and audio tapes on personal development. I began to meditate, wrote affirmations and kept a life journal every day. I don’t say that it’s wrong, I did love it, but it didn’t help me find true happiness and peace of mind, for me it just triggered my urge to do more and read more.
+In combination with family life and career all this searching was another layer on my todo list, and it made me feel disconnected with just being me. Still, I think that it fulfilled its purpose for me, we are all on our individual journey and as someone wise has said, those who search will find. In my search I stumbled onto a blog post that led me to a book about the three principles of mind, consciousness and thought.
+What I heard in that book was that – you are okay, happiness is your default setting, you don’t have to work on it, you already got it!
+WOW, that insight came as fast as my thinking was shifting on Bondi Beach. For me it was the missing piece of the puzzle. I had read a lot of books about consciousness, thought and spirituality, but more on the surface and not as a set of spiritual psychological principles that explains how our human experience is created from the inside-out. The Three Principles was explained in such a simple and profound way that it sneaked by my analytical thinking and became an insight. My level of understanding about mental health rose at that moment. This insight took away a lot of stress for me and got me connected to a very deep sense of calmness.
+In this feeling of deep calmness, combined with my new understanding of mind I knew right there and then that I was already at home. I knew that I was already connected to my happiness. I also knew that this is true for everybody else, and right there and then my search for happiness was over.
+Did all my negative thoughts and feelings disappear for good with these insights? No, it hasn’t. But today I allow myself to feel more, because I’m not afraid of negative or positive feelings, now I know were my feelings stem from. So when I’m temporarily low, I don’t fight with my thought-created experience and give it energy. Instead, with my understanding of the principles, I do myself a favour and try to lean against a calm mind to make it easier for more suitable thoughts and insights replace old outdated thoughts.
+I trust this natural process, for me, my experience at Bondi Beach is proof that better feelings are only one thought away. The shift that I made from being freaked out to being calm and compassionate, shows both the power of thought in action and the fact that our default setting is a calm mind = good feelings despite our circumstances.
+I hope my story and my insights in this blog post have intrigued you to learn more about the spiritual essence of the principles. A deeper and clearer understanding and feeling of the topic can be gained from listening to Sydney Banks videos and audio recordings, and from reading his books. I would recommend the official website as a great place to begin your own research.
+Kenny Engelbrektsson
+Joyformation
+Guess what week it is. Guess. What Week. It. Is.
+That's right.
+Hump Weeeek!
+Week 8 is here and we are officially halfway through what could be the most unpredictable NFL season in recent memory. Before we get in to our projections for Week 8, we need to get a few things from Week 7 covered: Chris Johnson put up 17 points in Week 7. If you listened to us (Gavin..) and started him, proceed to basking in your own glory. You deserve it.
+Also, as the NFL Trade Deadline draws ever closer - We have some hot leads on who's on the Trading Block.
+Here we go with the HefferBrew Hump Week Start 'em or Sit 'em:
+Teams on BYE: Ravens, Texans, Colts, Bears, Chargers, Titans
+QB:
+Start 'em:
+- Matt Stafford - Did you know that this sidearm chucking frat boy is the 2nd highest fantasy football scorer – second only to Peyton Manning? Now you do. Against a Dallas defense that allows plenty of aerial opportunities, and a big man named Calvin in the end zone Stafford should continue his scoring rampage.
+- Terrelle Pryor - He's been a pretty stable player so far this season, and coming off a BYE week is normally a bad thing for the Raiders but the Steelers aren't your dad's Steelers and Terrelle will be a lot to deal with for them all day. He also has the Black Hole on his side.
+- Carson Palmer - Not our favorite person. We often refer to him as a Cheeto shareholder of some sorts.. but in the spirit of fairness, Carson has everything he needs to put up a big game at home against a struggling Falcons team.
+- Robert Griffin III - Now, Andrew Luck looked next level against this Broncos defense last week. We aren't exactly saying RG3 will repeat the same feat this week, but he more than likely will come close.
+- Ben Roethlisberger - Although we made the statement of this "not being your daddy's Steelers, Ben has looked good the last two weeks, and for anyone looking to fill a BYE space he's available in over 17% of most league.
+Sit 'em:
+- Michael Vick - He's hurt, and a slightly gimpy Michael Vick is a ticking time bomb for further injury. He may start against the Giants, but we don't have faith that he will finish. Carson Palmer is available. Pick him up instead.
+- Anyone Minnesota decides to start - No really, It would be cute to think that one of these guys (Freeman, Ponder or Cassel) could be competent. Against a more than awful Giants team, Freeman looked like a lost child and the other two are lost children. Poor Adrian Peterson. This should be a no-brainer though.
+- Thad Lewis - if you've been riding the Thad train to win town. This will be the week you don't. The Saints are coming off a BYE, and minus one defensive snafu against the Patriots, the Saints hadn't allowed over 20 points in game.
+- Tom Brady - Even with a peachy match up like the Dolphins, Tom just hasn't looked that good. Even with the return of Gronkowski, Brady still looked flustered, and at times, seeing ghosts. It's a rough season for Brady, and it's most likely only gonna get worse.
+RB:
+Start 'em:
+- LeSean McCoy - Shady is primed for a big one here. Sure, the Giants held Adrian Petersen to less than 50 yards, but it had nothing to do with the Giants being effective. The Vikings decided to run an experiment with Josh Freeman that failed horribly. The Giants still can't stop a back like McCoy and he is sure to do more than his ~9 points from week 7.
+- Eddie Lacy - As long as he can stay healthy, Lacy is starting to become the difference maker Green bay had hoped he would be. With an upcoming match up with the Vikings, Lacy has every opportunity to grind his way to 80+ yards and a TD.
+- Frank Gore - The Jaguars, literally, have the worst rushing defense in the league. They gave up over 100 yards and a touchdown to Ryan Matthews. Nuff said.
+- Marshawn Lynch - The Rams, like the Jag, are top-three when it comes to being absolutely pathetic when it comes to stopping the run. Like a screen door on a submarine that already has a hole in it.
+- LaMar Miller - Although the Dolphins struggled against the Bills last week, the Bills have come around to be a decent defense, all-around. The Pats on the other hand have lineman dropping like the intro of a Skrillex song. As well as being the third worst rush defense in the league.
+Sit 'em:
+- Willis McGahee - The Browns face the beastly Chiefs in Week 8, and you can pick any reason you would like from the following for not starting him: He's old. Chiefs are not old. Poe is a huge dude. The Browns O-Line. and so on.
+- Le'Veon Bell - It's a gut pick here, but the Raiders are hungry and are surprisingly good as they continue to develop more chemistry on defense. Bell put up respectable numbers against a weak Ravens team but never found the end zone, and he has to do more to be a must start in our book.
+- Maurice Jones-Drew - Don't even get cute, whether he's filling in for someone on a BYE, or else. Just sit him. The Niners are terrifying again, and they're an awfully ran team traveling to a foreign country. They'll be more interested in Dr. Who history and whatever England has to offer. It's just a giant Dr. Who museum over there, right?
+- Alfred Morris - Denver can be passed on, certainly. Run on? No. Not at all. They've made the likes of Shady McCoy and recently (maybe on the decline?) Trent Richardson.
+- Giovanni Bernard/The Law Firm of BJGE - The Jets can legit stop the run. They aren't as awful of a team as we all expected, but one thing they do really, really well, is stop the run.
+WR:
+Start 'em:
+- Pierre Garcon - The Redskins take on the Denver Donkeys in Week 8 and while the run game will be pressured early and often, Denver allows plenty of chances down field for opposing receivers, in or out of garbage time. Plus, the Broncos are last in the league against the pass. RG3 and his favorite speedster will more than likely dominate Denver's older and smaller secondary.
+- Justin Blackmon - This guy will finish the season as the king of garbage time yardage. Cecil Shorts is still sore, and the ball just seems to rain on Blackmon no matter what. Through 3 weeks of playing time, he already has 38 targets for 25 catches.
+- Eric Decker - Evil Peyton will be in full effect on Sunday, and look for him to continue to call Deckers number as he's easily one of Manning's most reliable receivers in a litany of reliable pieces of crap. (Cameron: I don't like this stupid team. Sorry.)
+- Dez Bryant/Terrance Williams - Williams enters with a TD in his last three games, and going against the 29th ranked pass defense in the league, in Detroit, he'll look to continue the trend. Bryant on the other hand said today, "I can do whatever Megatron (referring to Calvin Johnson, and not saying he can do whatever a fictitious cartoon character can do. Cause that would be insane.) can do". I believe him, so We'll see.
+Sit 'em:
+- Dwayne Bowe - Ew. A $50 Million distraction, he may see a couple targets on a short dinky route, but he is not the deep threat he was billed to be because of the strict West Coast game plan Andy Reid is running. Sadly for Bowe owners, the Chiefs are undefeated and are showing zero signs of wanting to change their winning formula.
+- Steve Smith - He got some yards and a touchdown this last week. That's great. he's still old and a midget (Little person? I don't know if it's not PC calling a non-midget a midget.).
+- Stevie Johnson- The Saints have resumed their place as one of the most dominant teams in the league since regaining the suspended Sean Payton back as head coach. Where the team has impressed the most though is Rob Ryan's new defense. Coming off a BYE week and after a last second TD pass from Tommy Terrific gave them their first loss; this defense will be looking to shut down the Bills and the first part of that is keeping their top receiver's impact at a minimum.
+- Josh Gordon - The player most likely to be subject to tons of trade rumors before the Oct. 27 deadline, Gordon has been able to manufacture yards and catches out of seemingly nowhere. This week he has to go against the only undefeated team in the NFL; the Chiefs. Brandon Weeden will be under pressure all day and the secondary of the Chiefs will likely send double coverage Gordon's way, most likely including Brandon Flowers, who's one emerging as one of the top corners in the league.
+D/ST:
+Start 'em:
+- Saints - It seems like a no-brainer but Buffalo's scored at least 20 points in every game this season and since his insertion into the starting lineup Thad Lewis has been a solid game manager who hasn't turned the ball over much. They've also yet to play a team as out to prove something as these Saints seem to be. As much as it hurts to say this as a Bills fan, the Saints should likely control this game handily.
+- Bengals - With each week it's been a Jekyll/Hyde story with rookie QB Geno Smith for the Jets. Some weeks he looks like he's completely bypassed any rookie struggles and growing pains and others he seems to make sloppy decisions under pressure. Coming off a good game (although a controversial win) against the Patriots and going against a Bengals D that can force turnovers and always seem to come up big in key games, it's hard to think he'll duplicate the success he had against New England so expect Cincy to have tons of opportunities for big plays on defense.
+- Falcons - Carson Palmer throws interceptions, it's a fact of life. Sometimes he has good games, sometimes he has awful games, but he always has interception games. If the Falcons pass rush can get to Carson early and throw him out of any rhythm, then there's sure to be a few lame ducks ready to be grabbed, not to mention a Cardinals O-line that can't stop anything from breaking through. The Falcons D will find points somewhere on the field,
+- Packers - Hot mess. That's the only phrase that can describe Minnesota right now. No matter who's throwing the ball, the offensive line won't be able to buy them enough time in the pocket and then, considering the astonishing incompetence Josh Freeman displayed in what could be the worst Monday Night Football game ever, the odds that, even if they get time to throw, it'll make it to the receiver should be enough to ensure that the injured but scrappy Packers D should be starting if you own them.
+Sit em:
+- Cowboys - The 'Boys have been good not great on defense so far but going against the Lions, there's just too many options for Matt Stafford and crew to choose from. Reggie Bush has returned to form and it's beautiful, Calvin finally let Johnson handle everything that's not football and looks more focused than ever and emerging receivers like Kris Durham and Joseph Fauria ensure that the Lions will put points on the board one way or another.
+- Steelers - The Steel Curtain has been getting better and better as the season has gone on but facing the Raiders can yield a mixed bag of results. Terrelle Pryor is only getting better with more experience and Denarius Moore and Rod Streater are building a good chemistry with him as well. Pryor's mobility is also something that will test the Steelers early and often.
+- Eagles - The Giants always seem to show up in divisional games and after a (albeit ugly) slight return to form where Eli doesn't turn the ball over and the offense plays with general competence, the Eagles D is a shaky start given all the weapons at Eli's disposal.
+- Buccaneers - Cam Newton and the Panthers have looked good the last few weeks and though Mike Glennon seems to be doing good with the Bucs offense, their defense is a whole other story with Darrelle Revis not looking like the man Tampa signed to a stacked contract in the offseason.
+As always, thanks for reading and good luck in your match ups. May the fantasy dominance force be with you.
+facebook.com
+For breaking fantasy news, projections, injuries and satire.
+See how we did with our week 7 projections, we are on fire this season!
+hefferbrew.com
+Only we predicted Chris Johnson to have a huge day,at HefferBrew we think outside the box, and so should you.
+S-ENDA Architecture¶
+About the architecture drafts:
+- They are described using the C4 model (). C4 does not define any properties based on the directionality of the used arrows so each arrow should have a textual description to avoid disambiguity
+- They are work in progress, and many updates are expected as we dig into the details
+- They are to a high degree based on the use cases outlined in Use Case Descriptions
+General Contexts¶
+Note
+This is a draft under development. We highly appreciate input and help in correcting any mistakes.
+S-ENDA is part of a larger effort within the national geodata strategy (“Alt skjer et sted”), and relates to this strategy through Geonorge, which is developed and operated by the Norwegian Mapping Authority (“Kartverket”). GeoNorge, in turn, relates to the European Inspire Geoportal through the Inspire directive. In particular, S-ENDA is responsible for Action 20 of the Norwegian geodata strategy. The goal of action 20 is to establish a distributed, virtual data center for use and management of dynamic geodata. S-ENDA’s vision is that everyone, from professional users to the general public, should have easy, secure and stable access to dynamic geodata.
+The vision of S-ENDA and the goal of action 20 are aligned with international guidelines, in particular the FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship.
+S-ENDA in a national and international context¶
+Dynamic geodata is weather, environment and climate-related data that changes in space and time and is thus descriptive of processes in nature. Examples are weather observations, weather forecasts, pollution (environmental toxins) in water, air and sea, information on the drift of cod eggs and salmon lice, water flow in rivers, driving conditions on the roads and the distribution of sea ice. Dynamic geodata provides important constraints for many decision-making processes and activities in society.
+Geonorge is the national website for map data and other location information in Norway. Here, users of map data can search and access such information. Dynamic geodata is one such information type. S-ENDA extends Geonorge by taking responsibility for harmonising the management of dynamic geodata in a consistent manner.
+The below figure illustrates S-ENDA’s position in the national and international context. As illustrated, GeoNorge CSW harvesting should also make S-ENDA datasets findable by other systems.
+![ @startuml S-ENDA in a national and international context
+!includeurl
+LAYOUT_LEFT_RIGHT
+'System_Ext(edp, "European Data Portal", "European data (general)")
+System_Ext(inspire, "Inspire Geoportal", "European geodata")
+System_Ext(datanorge, "Data Norge", "Norwegian data (general)")
+System_Ext(geonorge, "GeoNorge", "Norwegian geodata")
+System_Ext(other_harvester, "Other")
+System_Boundary(senda, "Dynamic geodata"){
+System(sendafind, "S-ENDA")
+System(met, "MET", "Værobservasjoner, værvarsler, etc.")
+System(nina, "NINA", "Økologiske data.")
+System(nilu, "NILU", "Atmosfære og klima, f.eks. urban luftkvalitet.")
+System(niva, "NIVA", "Vann og vannmiljø, f.eks. miljøgifter i marine miljøer.")
+System(other, "OTHER", "F.eks. drift av torskeegg og lakselus eller kjøreforhold på veiene.")
+}
+Rel(other_harvester, sendafind, "Search and access")
+Rel(geonorge, sendafind, "Harvests metadata", "CSW: ISO19115")
+Rel(inspire, geonorge, "Harvests metadata")
+Rel(datanorge, geonorge, "Harvests metadata")
+'Rel(edp, datanorge, "Harvests metadata")
+Rel(sendafind, met, "")
+Rel(sendafind, nina, "")
+Rel(sendafind, nilu, "")
+Rel(sendafind, niva, "")
+Rel(sendafind, other, "")
+@enduml
+](_images/plantuml-fed5695b352fff7f9a393386311b330917308193.png)
+S-ENDA C4 Context Diagram¶
+The below diagram describes the S-ENDA system in the boundary for dynamic geodata above. The data consumers are defined in Users definition.
+![ @startuml S-ENDA-C4-context-diagram
+!includeurl
+LAYOUT_TOP_DOWN
+Boundary(consumers, "Data Consumers"){
+Person(advanced, "Advanced")
+Person(intermediate, "Intermediate")
+Person(simple, "Simple")
+}
+Boundary(providers, "Providers") {
+Person(dataprovider, "Dataset Producer")
+Person(datacurator, "Data curator")
+Person(serviceprovider, "Service Provider")
+}
+Boundary(systems, "S-ENDA") {
+System(senda, "S-ENDA Discovery Metadata Service")
+System(productionhub, "Production", "Dataset production hubs provide new datasets.")
+System(dist_systems, "Data Distribution")
+System(monitoring, "Service Monitoring")
+}
+System_Ext(portals, "Portals", "External portals harvest metadata on various standards. Can also prepare data delivery (e.g., basket solution).")
+System_Ext(apps, "Web/mobile apps", "External apps present data in customized ways.")
+Rel(advanced, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(intermediate, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(simple, apps, "Navigates to app", "Web/mobile UI")
+System(senda, "Discovery Metadata Service")
+Rel(advanced, senda, "Search", "CSW/OpenSearch: ISO19115/DCAT/MMD")
+Rel(portals, senda, "Harvest metadata", "CSW/OAI-PMH: ISO19139")
+Rel(apps, senda, "Harvest metadata", "CSW/OAI-PMH: ISO19139")
+Rel(providers, senda, "Register metadata")
+Rel(providers, senda, "Check usage statistics and metadata consistency/status.")
+System(productionhub, "Production")
+System(dist_systems, "Data Distribution")
+Rel(dataprovider, productionhub, "Sets up data production")
+Rel(productionhub, dist_systems, "Store")
+Rel(senda, productionhub, "Listen in order to get last updated info, and harvest metrics")
+Rel(senda, dist_systems, "Get metadata and metrics")
+Rel(apps, dist_systems, "Stream data")
+Rel(portals, dist_systems, "Stream data")
+Rel(advanced, dist_systems, "Stream data")
+'Rel(monitoring, dist_systems, "")
+'Rel(monitoring, senda, "")
+@enduml
+](_images/plantuml-5b976e4e687d1cb86b52d8b1c32570847810302a.png)
+S-ENDA Discovery Metadata Service - C4 container diagram¶
+![ @startuml S-ENDA-metadata-service-container-diagram
+!includeurl
+LAYOUT_TOP_DOWN
+Boundary(providers, "Providers") {
+Person(dataprovider, "Dataset Producer")
+}
+Boundary(systems, "S-ENDA") {
+System(productionhub, "Production")
+System(dist_systems, "Data Distribution")
+System(monitoring, "Service Monitoring")
+System_Boundary(mserviceSystem, "Discovery Metadata Service") {
+Container(updater, "Discovery Metadata Catalog Ingestor API", "Python/Flask", "Provides functionality to create content in metadata stores.")
+Container(metadata_store, "Backup Dataset Discovery Metadata Store", "Git", "MMD discovery and configuration metadata for datasets.")
+Container(csapi, "Dataset Catalog Service API", "pycsw", "CSW endpoint for search and harvesting. Serves INSPIRE, DIF etc. compliant metadata.")
+Container(solr, "Metadata Storage", "solr/or similar", "Metadata storage for Drupal websites.")
+Container(mms, "Messaging", "MMS", "<b>Optional</b> message production.")
+Container(web_app, "Web Application", "HTML", "<b>Optional.</b> Provides functionality to register dataset and service metadata, display dataset and service usage statistics, production status, and monitor metadata to display errors and warnings (e.g., about dead links).")
+Rel(updater, csapi, "Create/Update/Delete", "HTTP POST: INSPIRE")
+Rel(updater, metadata_store, "Create/Update/Delete", "git: MMD")
+Rel(updater, solr, "Create/Update/Delete")
+Rel(updater, mms, "Create")
+}
+}
+Boundary(consumers, "Data Consumers"){
+Person(advanced, "Advanced")
+Person(intermediate, "Intermediate")
+Person(simple, "Simple")
+}
+System_Ext(portals, "Portals", "External portals harvest metadata on various standards")
+System_Ext(apps, "Web/mobile apps", "External apps present data in customized ways.")
+Rel(dataprovider, productionhub, "Sets up data production")
+Rel(simple, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(intermediate, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(advanced, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(apps, csapi, "Search", "CSW")
+Rel(apps, dist_systems, "Stream data")
+Rel(simple, apps, "Navigates to app", "Web/mobile UI")
+Rel(portals, csapi, "Harvest", "CSW/OAI-PMH")
+Rel(advanced, csapi, "Search", "CSW/OpenSearch")
+Rel(productionhub, dist_systems, "Store", "ACDD compliant netCDF-CF files")
+Rel(productionhub, updater, "Create/Update/Delete", "HTTP POST: MMD")
+Rel(dataprovider, web_app, "Check dataset statistics and metadata consistency/status.")
+@enduml
+](_images/plantuml-5b8e98037c1946e9b099b41617fdd71211ef5d0f.png)
+Note
+- File-level metadata is editable only via ACDD compliant NetCDF-CF files. Higher level datasets (i.e., collections and series) are added via the CLI Registrar or the Web Application, and stored in their own catalogue (IS THIS NECESSARY?). The file-level metadata can contain parent-child relationships to the higher level datasets (series/collections). The Dynamic Geo-Assets API in this version is essentialy replaced by a set of tools assisting in creation of metadata in ACDD.
+- api.met.no and similar APIs that serve merged data, point to the source datasets in the Service Discovery Metadata
+- APIs that serve single datasets (e.g., Frost, after it has been decided what is a dataset, collection and series) needs to be better displayed here (at the moment we store netcdf-cf files from Frost but this is not the intention for the long term)
+Distribution Systems - C4 container diagram¶
+![ @startuml S-ENDA-data-distribution-container-diagram
+!includeurl
+LAYOUT_TOP_DOWN
+Boundary(providers, "Providers") {
+Person(dataprovider, "Dataset Producer")
+}
+Boundary(systems, "S-ENDA") {
+System(productionhub, "Production")
+System(monitoring, "Service Monitoring")
+System(mserviceSystem, "Discovery Metadata Service")
+System_Boundary(datadist, "Data Distribution") {
+Container(visualization, "Visualization Service", "OGC WMS", "OGC WMS service for visualizing raster datasets (supported by mapserver).")
+Container(access, "Data Access Service", "OPeNDAP", "OPeNDAP service supported by, e.g., thredds or hyrax, to provide actual data access.")
+}
+}
+Boundary(consumers, "Data Consumers"){
+Person(advanced, "Advanced")
+Person(intermediate, "Intermediate")
+Person(simple, "Simple")
+}
+System_Ext(portals, "Portals", "External portals harvest metadata on various standards")
+System_Ext(apps, "Web/mobile apps", "External apps present data in customized ways.")
+Rel(dataprovider, productionhub, "Sets up production of netCDF-CF files with ACDD metadata")
+Rel(simple, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(intermediate, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(advanced, portals, "Search portals", "Web-UI/API")
+Rel(apps, mserviceSystem, "Search", "CSW")
+Rel(apps, visualization, "Stream", "WMS/WMTS/etc.")
+Rel(simple, apps, "Navigates to app", "Web/mobile UI")
+Rel(portals, mserviceSystem, "Harvest", "CSW/OAI-PMH")
+Rel(advanced, mserviceSystem, "Search", "CSW/OpenSearch")
+Rel(productionhub, datadist, "Store")
+Rel(productionhub, mserviceSystem, "Create/Update/Delete", "HTTP POST: MMD")
+Rel(dataprovider, mserviceSystem, "Check dataset statistics and metadata consistency/status.")
+Rel(portals, access, "Stream", "OPeNDAP/WMS/WMTS/etc.")
+Rel(advanced, access, "Stream", "OPeNDAP")
+@enduml
+](_images/plantuml-f4beeceec72bb9b9df9bfd97a6ad9913a67a57b8.png)
+S3/Zarr - C4 component diagram¶
+Note
+This is part of a distribution system. The diagram below should be updated to reflect the distribution system container in the context diagram above.
+We categorize data consumers in three levels:
+- advanced-consumers
+- intermediate-consumers
+- simple-consumers
+The system described here is concerned with advanced-consumers and data-producers.
+Functional requirements¶
+- data-producers should be able to produce a dataset and upload results to the data access service without time-consuming transformations
+- advanced-consumers must be able to download a copy of the entire dataset
+- advanced-consumers must be able to stream and filter parts of the dataset
+- advanced-consumers need access to enough use metadata to be able to locally post-process, reproject, etc., the dataset
+- The data access service must support the FAIR principles, in particular (meta)data interoperability and reusability
+- The transport mechanism used in the data access service needs to be a widely adopted standard solution, and it must be open-source
+- The dataset needs to be on a widely adopted open data format standard
+- The data access service as a whole needs to be easy to use with familiar tools from the meteorological/climate/oceanographic domain, both for upload and download
+- The data access service must work together with an event-driven production system
+- The data acccess service should support the Harmonised Data API from the European Weather Cloud
+- advanced-consumers need to able to give feedback on the data access service and each individual dataset.
+Quality attributes¶
+- The total throughput and storage size for the data access service need to scale with massively increasing dataset sizes
+- The total throughput, storage size and number of objects of the data access service need to scale with massively increasing number of datasets
+- Scaling for increasing size of datasets and increasing number of datasets must not significantly increase latency or decrease throughput for individual requests
+- Response time for first-byte in a response should be low, e.g < 50ms
+- The relationship between response time and size of data requested should be predictable, and not worse than a linear increase in response time with data size
+Constraints¶
+- The data access service has no search mechanism for datasets, and assumes that the datasets can be listed/found/searched through a separate metadata catalog
+Research publications 2005
+Alphabetically, by author
+Research Publications - 2005 ArchivePage archived at: Mon, 12 December 2005 09:39:32 +1000
+An–Bo | Ca–Ev | Ew–Ki | Kw–Ma | Mc–Ot | Ph–Si | Sk–Zu
+Anderson to Bornholt
+Anderson, J. (2005). Implementing problem solving in mathematics classrooms: What support do teachers want? In P. Clarkson, A. Downton, D. Gronn, M. Horne, A. McDonough, R. Pierce & A. Roche (Ed) Proceedings of Annual Conference of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. Building Connections: Theory, Research and Practice (vol 1 pp. 89-96). Melbourne, (7-9th July 2005)
+Anderson, J. (2005). Reflecting on implementing problem-solving practices in primary mathematics: Two teachers' stories. In J. Clark & M. Maguire (Ed) Proceedings of 12th ISATT International Conference. Challenges for the profession: Perspectives and directions for teachers, teaching and teacher education Sydney, (3-6 July 2005)
+Anderson, J. (2005). Working mathematically in NSW classrooms: An opportunity to implement quality teaching and learning. In M. Coupland, J. Anderson & T. Spencer (Ed) Proceedings of Twentieth Bienniel Conference of The Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers. Making Mathematics Vital Sydney, (17-20 Jan 2005)
+Anderson, J., & Bobis, J. (2005). Reform-oriented teaching practices: A survey of primary school teachers. In H. Chick & J. Vincent (Ed) Proceedings of 29th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (vol 2 pp. 65-72). Melbourne, (10-15 July 2005)
+Anderson, J., White, P., & Sullivan, P. (2005). Using a schematic model to represent influences on, and relationships between, teachers' problem-solving beliefs and practices. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 17(2), 9-38.
+Anderson, M. (2005). New stages: Challenges for teaching the aesthetics of drama online. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 39(2), 2-12.
+Armstrong, D. (2005). Reinventing 'inclusion': New Labour and the cultural politics of special education. Oxford Review of Education, 31(1), 135-152.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). The International Baccalaureate in Australia and New Zealand in the 21st Century. Change: Transformations in Education, 8(1), 110-123.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). Post-compulsory schooling in a globalised marketplace. In N. F. Bagnall (Ed.), Youth Transition in a Globalized Marketplace (pp. 1-15). New York: Nova Science.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). Teacher cultural reflection and cultural action learning: researching a cultural dimension in teacher education. Ethnography and Education European Review, 4, 101-116.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). Vocational education versus liberal/general education. In N. F. Bagnall (Ed.), Youth Transition in a Globalized Marketplace (pp. 17-36). New York: Nova Science.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). Where to now? In N. F. Bagnall (Ed.), Youth Transition in a Globalized Marketplace (pp. 177-187). New York: Nova Science.
+Bagnall, N. F. (2005). Youth transition in France. Education and Society, 23(2), 29-42.
+Barty, K., Thomson, P., Blackmore, J., & Sachs, J. M. (2005). Unpacking the issues: Researching the shortage of school principals in two states in Australia. Australian Educational Researcher, 32(3), 1-18.
+Beveridge, S., Groundwater-Smith, S., Kemmis, S., & Wasson, D. (2005). Professional Learning that Makes a Difference: Successful strategies implemented by Priority Action Schools. Journal of In-Service Education, 31(4), 697-710.
+Bobis, J., & Bobis, E. (2005). The empty number line: Making children’s thinking visible. In M. Coupland, J. Anderson & T. Spencer (Ed) Proceedings of 20th Biennial Conference of the Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers: Making Mathematics Vital (pp.66-72). Sydney, (17-20 Jan 2005)
+Bobis, J., Clarke, B., Clarke, D., Thomas, G., Wright, R., Young-Loveridge, J., et al. (2005). Supporting teachers in the development of young children’s mathematical thinking: Three large scale cases. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 16(3), 27-57.
+Bornholt, L. J. (2005). ASK-KIDS Self Concept Inventory. Melbourne: ACER Press.
+Bornholt, L. J. (2005). Aspects of self-knowledge about activities: An integrated model of self-concepts. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 21(3), 156-164.
+Bornholt, L. J., Brake, N., Thomas, S., Russell, L. A., Madden, S., Anderson, G., et al. (2005). Understanding affective and cognitive self-evaluations about the body for adolescent girls. British Journal of Health Psychology, 10(4), 485-503.
+Bornholt, L. J., & Piccolo, A. (2005). Individuality, belonging, and children's self concepts: A motivational spiral model of self-evaluation, performance, and participation in physical activities. Applied Psychology. An International Review, 54(4), 515-536.
+Bornholt, L. J., Poole, M. E., & Hattie, J. (2005). How satisfied are women and men with their academic work? The impact of gender, discipline area and academic rank in Australia. In A. Welch (Ed.), The Professoriate. Profile of a Profession (Vol. 7, pp. 113-131). Dordrecht: Springer.
+Campbell to Evans
+Campbell, C. B. (2005). Changing school loyalties and the middle class: A reflection on the developing fate of state comprehensive high schooling. Australian Educational Researcher, 32(1), 3-24.
+Cassity, E. (2005). Going for global: Youth transition in the South Pacific. In N. Bagnall (Ed.), Youth Transition in a Globalised Marketplace (pp. 141-162). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
+Christie, F. (2005). Using the functional grammar to understand children's written texts. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, S/19, 9-22.
+Christie, F., & Unsworth, L. (2005). Developing dimensions of an educational linguistics. In R. Hasan, C. Matthiessen & J. Webster (Eds.), Continuing Discourse on Language. A functional perspective (pp. 217-250). London. Oakville: Equinox.
+Chun, H. (2005). Teachers as multimedia designers? Rethinking prospective teachers making multimedia learning packages. In H. Goss (Ed) Proceedings of 22nd ASCILITE Conference. Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: maintaining the momentum? (Vol 1 pp. 281-288). Brisbane, (4-7 Dec 2005)
+Connell, R. W. (2005). Australia and world sociology. In J. Germov & T. R. McGee (Eds.), Histories of Australian Sociology (pp. 3-28). Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
+Connell, R. W. (2005). Change among the gatekeepers: Men, masculinities and gender equality in the global arena. Signs, 30(3), 1801-1825.
+Connell, R. W. (2005). Globalization, imperialism and masculinities. In M. S. Kimmel, J. Hearn & R. W. Connell (Eds.), Handbook of Studies on Men & Masculinities (pp. 71-89). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
+Connell, R. W. (2005). Growing up masculine: Rethinking the significance of adolescence in the making of masculinities. Irish Journal of Sociology, 14(2), 11-28.
+Connell, R. W. (2005). Masculinities (2nd Ed.). Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
+Connell, R. W. (2005). A really good husband: Work / life balance, gender equity and social change. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 40(3), 369-383.
+Connell, R. W., & Crawford, J. (2005). Are we postmodern yet? The cultural politics of Australian intellectual workers. Australian Journal of Political Science, 40(1), 1-15.
+Connell, R. W., Crawford, J., & Wood, J. (2005). The global connections of intellectual workers: An Australian study. International Sociology, 20(1), 5-26.
+Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity. Rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19(6), 829-859.
+Connell, R. W., & Wood, J. (2005). Globalization and business masculinities. Men and Masculinities, 7(4), 347-364.
+Costello, M., Chung, D.-C., & Carson, S. (2005). Exploring alternative pathways out of poverty: making connections between domestic violence and employment practices. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 40(2), 253-267.
+Crump, S., & Stanley, G. (2005). The development of vocational education and training in a senior secondary certificate of education. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 57(2), 127-148.
+Crump, S. J. (2005). Changing Times in the Classroom: Teaching as a 'crowded profession'. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 15(1), 31-48.
+Crump, S. J., & Slee, R. (2005). Robbing public to pay private: Two cases of refinancing education infrastructure in Australia. Journal of Education Policy, 20(2), 243-258.
+Dufficy, P. (2005). 'Becoming' in classroom talk. Prospect, 20(1), 59-81.
+Dufficy, P. (2005). Designing learning for diverse classrooms. Sydney: PETA
+.
+Edwards, K. (2005). Dissassociation or greater democracy? Talking with youth about political engagement. In R. Julian, R. Rottier & R. White (Ed) Proceedings of The Australian Sociological Association (TASA) 2005 Conference . Hobart, Tasmania, (5-8 Dec 2005)
+Evans, D. (2005). The place of contemporary special education: Voices and experiences from the field. In F. Bryer (Ed) Proceedings of 30th National Conference of the Australian Association of Special Education. Making Meaning: Creating Connections that Value Diversity (pp. 54-62). Brisbane, (23-25 Sep 2005)
+Ewing to King
+Ewing, R., & Manuel, J. (2005). Retaining Quality Early Career teacher in the Profession: New Teacher Narratives. Change: Transformations in Education, 8(1), 1-16
+Fawcett, B., & Karban, K. (2005). Contemporary Mental Health: Theory, Policy and Practice. Routledge: London and New York.
+Fawcett, B., & South, J. (2005). Community involvement and Primary Care Trusts: The case for social entrepreneurship. Critical Public Health, 15(2), 191-204.
+Finkelstein, J., & Goodwin, S. (2005). The Sociological Bent. Inside Metro Culture. Melbourne: Thomson.
+Georgakis, S., & Light, R. (2005). The Athens of the South: Sport in Australian Society. Modern Greek Studies (Australia and New Zealand) , 13(-), 58-74.
+George, J. (2005). The Madrid Plan of Action on Ageing 2002 and social work. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 15(1), 51-61.
+Goodwin, S. (2005). 'Community' and social inclusion. In P. Smyth, T. Reddell & A. Jones (Eds.), Community and Local Governance in Australia (pp. 94-107). Sydney: UNSW Press.
+Goodyear, P. (2005). Educational design and networked learning: patterns, pattern languages and design practice. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 21(1), 82-101.
+Goodyear, P. (2005). The emergence of a networked learning community: lessons learned from research and practice. In G. Kearsley (Ed.), Online learning. Personal Reflections on the Transformation of Education (pp. 113-127). Englewood Cliffs NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
+Goodyear, P., Jones, C., Asensio, M., Hodgson, V., & Steeples, C. (2005). Networked learning in higher education: students’ expectations and experiences. Higher Education, 50(3), 473-508.
+Groundwater-Smith, S. (2005). Learning by listening: Student voice in practitioner research. In P. Ponte & B. Smit (Ed) Proceedings of International Practioner Research Conference & Collaborative Action Research Network (CARN) Conference (PRAR/CARN 2005): Quality of Practioner Research /Action Research: what's it about, what's it for and what next? [CD-ROM] . Utrecht, (4-6 Nov 2005)
+Groundwater-Smith, S. (2005). Painting the educational landscape with tea: rereading Becoming Critical. Educational Action Research Journal, 13(3), 329-346.
+Groundwater-Smith, S. (2005). Practitioner Research and Practical Knowledge: Their relationship to curriculum inquiry. In C. Marsh (Ed.), Curriculum Controversies - Point and Counterpoint, 1980 - 2005 (pp. 301 - 307). Canberra: Australian Curriculum Studies Association Inc.
+Groundwater-Smith, S., & Mockler, N. (2005). Practitioner research in education: Beyond celebration. In P. Jeffery (Ed) Proceedings of AARE Focus Conference. Quality in educational research: Directions in policy and practice . Cairns, (July 4-5)
+Horsley, M. (2005). Les manuels scolaires en Australie et dans le Pacifique sud: continuities et changements. In E. Bruillard (Ed.), Manuels scolaires, regards croises (pp. 251-270). Basse-Normandie: CRDP.
+Horsley, M., Newell, S., & Stubbs, B. (2005). The prior knowledge of global education of pre-service teacher education students. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 6(3), 137-155.
+Horsley, M., & Stokes, A. (2005). Teacher Salary Relativities: A Benchmarking Approach. Journal of Australian Political Economy, 55, 94-122.
+Horsley, M., & Walker, R. (2005). Pasifika Australia: Culturally responsive curriculum and teaching. In D. M. McInerney & S. Van Etten (Eds.), Focus on Curriculum (pp. 327-352). Greenwich, ACT: Information Age Publishing.
+Hulsbosch, M. (2005). Achieving excellence in teaching through practitioner research using design and technology education processes. In C. Benson, S. Lawson & W. Till (Ed) Proceedings of Fifth International Primary Design and Technology Conference (pp. 61-64). Birmingham, UK, (24-28 Jun 2005)
+Jones, P. W., with Coleman, D. G. (2005). The United Nations and Education: Multilateralism, development and globalisation. London and New York: RoutledgeFalmer.
+King, M., & Peat, M. (2004-2005). Teaching Sciences in English: Professional development for Chinese university science teachers. Journal of Southeast Asian Education, 5(1-2), 94-102.
+Kwok to Martin
+Kwok, C., Cant, R., & Sullivan, G. (2005). Factors associated with mammographic decisions of Chinese-Australian women. Health Education Research, 20(6), 739-747.
+Lee, T., Lansbury, G., & Sullivan, G. (2005). Health care interpreters: A physiotherapy perspective. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 51(3), 161-165.
+Lee, W. O. (2005). Aspirations for democracy in the absence of a democracy: Civic education in Hong Kong before and after 1997. In S. Wilde (Ed.), Political and Citizenship Education: International Perspectives (Vol. 14, pp. 61-85). Oxford: Symposium Books.
+Lee, W. O., & Ho, C. H. (2005). Ideopolitical shifts and changes in moral education policy in China. Journal of Moral Education (UK) , 34(4), 417-435.
+Levins, T., Bornholt, L. J., & Lennon, B. (2005). Teachers' experience, attitudes, feelings and behavioural intentions towards children with special educational needs. Social Psychology of Education, 8(3), 329-343.
+Light, R. (2005). Global flows and resistance in sport: The J.League and the stimulation of local identity. In S. Alomes (Ed.), Islands in the Stream: Australia and Japan Face Globalisation (pp. 91-102). Hawthorn, Victoria: Maribyrnong Press.
+Light, R. (2005). Implementing understanding approaches to teaching games and sport in Asia. Asian Journal of Exercise and Sport Science, 1(2), 39-48.
+Light, R. (2005). Making sense of chaos: Australian coaches talk about Game Sense. In L. L. Griffin & J. I. Butler (Eds.), Teaching Games for Understanding. Theory, Research and Practice (pp. 169-182). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
+Light, R., & Butler, J. (2005). A personal journey: TGfU teacher development in Australia and the USA. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 10(3), 241-254.
+Light, R., & Georgakis, S. (2005). Integrating theory and practice in teacher education: The impact of a Game Sense unit on female pre-service primary teachers' attitudes towards teaching physical education. Journal of Physical Education New Zealand, 38(1), 67-80.
+Light, R., & Georgakis, S. (2005). 'Taking away the scary factor': Female pre-service primary school teachers' responses to game sense pedagogy in physical education. In A. Brew & C. Asmar (Ed) Proceedings of Annual International HERDSA Conference 2005. Higher Education in a Changing World (vol 28 pp. 260-266). Sydney, (3-7 July 2005)
+Light, R., & Rockwell, T. (2005). The cultural origins of competitive swimming in Australia. Sporting Traditions, 22(1), 21-37.
+Manuel, J., & Brindley, S. (2005). The call to teach: Identifying pre-service teachers motivations, expectations and key experiences during initial teacher education in Australia and the United Kingdom. English in Australia, 145, 38-49.
+Markauskaite, L. (2005). Exploring Differences in Trainee Teachers' ICT Literacy: Does Gender Matter? In H. Goss (Ed) Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference if the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education. Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: Maintaining the Momentum? (Vol 2 pp. 445-455). Brisbane, (4-7 December 2005)
+Markauskaite, L. (2005). From "Small Wins" to "Big Wins": Strategic Principles for the Development of Digital Educational Resources and Integration of ICT across Curricula in Small Developing Countries. In P. Goodyear, D. G. Sampson, D. J.-T. Yang, Kinshunk, T. Okamoto, R. Hartley & N.-S. Chen (Ed) Proceedings of The 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. ICALT 2005 (pp. 978-982). Kaohsiung, Taiwan, (5-8 July 2005)
+Markauskaite, L. (2005). From a Static to Dynamic Concept: a Model of ICT Literacy and an Instrument for Self-Assessment. In P. Goodyear, D. G. Sampson, D. J.-T. Yang, Kinshunk, T. Okamoto, R. Hartley & N.-S. Chen (Ed) Proceedings of The 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. ICALT 2005 (pp. 464-466). Kaohsiung, Taiwan, (5-8 July 2005)
+Markauskaite, L. (2005). Notions of ICT literacy in Australian school education. Informatics in Education, 4(2), 253-280.
+Marsh, H. W., Debus, R. L., & Bornholt, L. J. (2005). Validating young children's self-concept responses: Methodological ways and means to understand their responses. In D. M. Teti (Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Developmental Science (pp. 138-160). Oxford: Blackwell.
+Martin, A. J., Marsh, H. W., Williamson, A., & Debus, R. L. (2005). Fear of failure in students' academic lives: Exploring the roles of self-handicapping and defensive pessimism from longitudinal, multidimensional and qualitative perspectives. In H. W. Marsh, R. G. Craven & D. M. McInerney (Eds.), New Frontiers for Self Research (Vol. 2, pp. 357-385). Greenwich, Connecticut: IAP.
+Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2005). Designing literacy pedagogy: Scaffolding democracy in the classroom. In R. Hasan, C. M. I. M. Matthiessen & J. Webster (Eds.), Continuing Discourse on Language (pp. 251-280). London: Equinox.
+McCarthy to Otsuka
+McCarthy, M., & Weber, Z. (2005). When bodies need voices: Sharing stories of survival. Affilia: Journal of Women and Social Work, 20(3), 368-372.
+McGraw, K. (2005). HSC English in the media: The reporting of conventions and controversies. English in Australia, 143, 27-35.
+McWilliam, E., & Sachs, J. M. (2004). Towards the victimless school: power, professionalism and probity in teaching. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 3, 17-30.
+Megarrity, L. (2005). Indigenous Education in Colonial Papua New Guinea: Australian Government Policy (1945-1975). History of Education Review, 34(2), 41-58.
+Megarrity, L. (2005). Nation building through bilateral education aid: Commonwealth policies 1945-2000. In J. Zajda & P. Ninnes (Ed) Proceedings of 32nd Annual Conference of ANZCIES 2005. Global Pedagogies: Equity, Access and Democracy in Education (pp. 116-131). Melbourne, (3-5 Dec 2004)
+Mikulsky, J. (2005). Silencing (homo)sexualities in school ... A very bad idea. M/C Journal, 8(1), Retrieved 3 Apr 2006 from.
+Mikulsky, J. (2005). Use of web-based surveys in the social sciences: Practical and methodological considerations. Change: Transformations in Education, 8(1), 71-89.
+Milton, J. (2005). Loss and grief education in a pre-service PDHPE course. ACHPER Healthy Lifestyles Journal, 52(1), 14-19.
+Moore, C., Evans, D., & Dowson, M. (2005). The intricate nature of phonological awareness instruction. Special Education Perspectives, 14(1), 37-54.
+O'Dea, J. A. (2005). Improving adolescent eating habits and prevention of child obesity: Are we neglecting the important role of parents? Journal of Nutrition & Dietetics, 62(2/3), 66-69.
+O'Dea, J. A. (2005). Positive Food for Kids. Sydney: Random House/Doubleday
+O'Dea, J. A. (2005). School-based health education strategies for the improvement of body image and prevention of eating problems: An overview of safe and successful interventions. Health Education, 105(1), 11-33.
+O'Dea, J. A., & Yager, Z. (2005). Body image and eating disorders in male adolescents and young men. In P. Swain (Ed.), Adolescent Eating Disorders (pp. 115-154). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
+Odhiambo, G. O. (2005). Appraising teachers in Kenya: Accountability or teacher growth? In J. Zajda & P. Ninnes (Ed) Proceedings of 32nd Annual Conference of the ANZCIES (pp. 287-296). Melbourne, (3-5 Dec 2004)
+Odhiambo, G. O. (2005). Teacher Appraisal: the experiences of Kenyan secondary school teachers. Journal of Educational Administration, 43(4), 402-416.
+Osborne, R. A. L. (2005). Dating ancient caves and related palaeokarsts. Acta Carsologica, 34(1), 51-72.
+Otsuka, S. (2005). Cultural Influences on academic achievement in Fiji. In P. L. Jeffery (Ed) Proceedings of Australian Association for Research in Education 2004 (). Melbourne, (29 Nov-2 Dec 2005)
+Otsuka, S. (2005). Culture and Academic Achievement in the Fiji Islands. In J. Zajda & P. Ninnes (Ed) Proceedings of 32nd Annual International Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Comparative and International Education Society (ANZCIES). Global Pedagogies: Equity, Access and Democracy in Education (pp. 16-33). Melbourne, (3-5 December, 2004)
+Otsuka, S. (2005). Expectancy-value model of achievement motivation from a cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Learning, 9, 1601-1616.
+Otsuka, S. (2005). What often makes discussion between Australians and Japanese difficult? In J. Zajda & P. Ninnes (Ed) Proceedings of 32nd Annual International Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Comparative and International Education Society (ANZCIES). Global Pedagogies: Equity, Access and Democracy in Education (pp. 201-212). Melbourne, (3-5 December, 2004)
+Otsuka, S., & Smith, I. (2005). Educational Applications of the Expectancy-Value Model of Achievement Motivation in the Diverse Cultural Context of the West and the East. Change: Transformations in Education, 8(1), 90-108.
+Phillips to Simpson
+Phillips, R. (2005). Australian NGOs: Current Experiences of Corporate Citizenship. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship (17), 21-25.
+Phillips, R. (2005). Challenges to NGOs' legitimacy in policy governance in Australia: Addressing the neo-liberal critique. In J. Onyx & V. Hodgkinson (Ed) Proceedings of ISTR International Society for Third-Sector Research. 'Contesting Citizenship and Civil Society in a Divided World'. Toronto, Canada, (11-14 July 2004)
+Pressick-Kilborn, K., Sainsbury, E., & Walker, R. (2005). Making sense of theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches: Exploring conceptual change and interest in learning from a socio-cultural perspective. Australian Educational Researcher, 32(2), 25-48.
+Rawsthorne, M. (2005). Community development activities in the context of contracting. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 40(2), 227-240.
+Rawsthorne, M., & Christian, F. (2005). Government/community sector compacts: real engagement? In D. Gardiner & K. Scott (Ed) Proceedings of International Conference on Engaging Communities (pp. 1-20). Brisbane, (14-17 August).
+Read, J., George, A., Masters, A., & King, M. (2005). Identifying the existence of barriers to students' learning from assessment results. In I. Johnston & M. Peat (Ed) Proceedings of Blended Learning in Science Teaching and Learning Symposium. UniServe Science (). Sydney, (30 Sept 2005)
+Reimann, P. (2005). Co-constructing artefacts and knowledge in net-based teams: implications for the design of collaborative learning environments. In H. L. Chich & J. L. Vincent (Ed) Proceedings of 29th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME29) (Vol 1 pp. 53-70). University of Melbourne, Melbourne, (10-15 July 2005)
+Reimann, P. (2005). Supporting knowledge building with semantic web technologies. In M. Tulloch (Ed) Proceedings of ODLAA 2005. Breaking the boundaries: The international experience in open, distance and flexible education . Adelaide, (9-11th Nov 2005)
+Rose, D. (2005). Democratising the Classroom: a literacy pedagogy for the new generation. Journal of Education, 37, 127-164.
+Rose, D. (2005). Narrative and the origins of discourse: Construing experience in stories around the world. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, S19, 151-173.
+Rowling, L. (2005). Dissonance and debates encircling 'health promoting schools'. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 16(1), 55-57.
+Rowling, L. (2005). Loss and grief in school communities. In B. Monroe & F. Kraus (Eds.), Brief Interventions with Bereaved Children (pp. 159-174). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
+Rowling, L., & Mason, J. (2005). A case study of multimethod evaluation of complex school mental health promotion and prevention: The MindMatters Evaluation Suite. Australian Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 15(2), 125-136.
+Rowling, L., Weber, Z., & Scanlon, L. (2005). Transitions and Loss: Illuminating Parameters of Young Adults' Mental Health. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 15(2), 168-181.
+Sachs, J. M. (2005). Teacher education and the development of professional identity: Learning to be a teacher. In P. M. Denicolo & M. Kompf (Eds.), Connecting Policy and Practice: Challenges for Teaching and Learning in Schools and Universities (pp. 5-21). London and New York: Routledge.
+Sachs, J. M. (2005). Teacher professional standards: a policy strategy to control regulate or enhance the teaching profession? In N. Bascia, A. Cumming, A. Datnow, K. Leithwood & D. Livingstone (Eds.), International Handbook of Educational Policy (Vol. 13, pp. 579-593). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
+Sachs, J. M., & Mellor, L. (2005). 'Child panic', risk and child protection: an examination of policies from New South Wales and Queensland. Journal of Educational Policy, 20(2), 125-140.
+Sim, J. B.-Y., & Print, M. (2005). Citizenship education and social studies in Singapore: A national agenda. International Journal of Citizenship & Teacher Education, 1(1), 58-73.
+Simpson, A. (2005). Four Roles of the viewer: Developing an understanding of visual literacy. In J. Young (Ed) Proceedings of AATE/ALEA National Conference. Pleasure, Passion, Provocation (). Broadbeach, Queensland, (1-4 July 2005)
+Skilling to Zumbach
+Skilling, K., & Bobis, J. (2005). Students reflecting on their mathematical understandings. In J. Clark & M. Maguire (Ed) Proceedings of 12th ISATT International Conference. Challenges for the profession: Perspectives and directions for teachers, teaching and teacher education (pp. 165-172). Sydney, (3-6 July 2005)
+Smith, L., & Sinclair, K. E. (2005). Empirical Evidence For Multiple Goals: A Gender-Based, Senior High School Student Perspective. Australian Journal of Educational & Developmental Psychology, 5, 55-70.
+Spencer, F. H., & Bornholt, L. (2005). Investigating moderators of test-retest reliability in screening children's cognitive functioning. Australian Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology, 5, 91-106.
+Still, K., & Bobis, J. (2005). The integration of mathematics and music in the primary school classroom. In P. Clarkson, A. Downton, D. Gronn, M. Horne, A. McDonough, R. Pierce & A. Roche (Ed) Proceedings of Annual Conference of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. Building Connections: Theory, Research and Practice (pp. 712-719). Melbourne, (7-9th July 2005)
+Stubbs, B., & Newell, S. (2005). Developing global perspectives in primary school students through quality teaching and authentic assessment. Curriculum Perspectives, 25(1), 42-50.
+Sutherland, L., Marcus, G., & Jessup, A. (2005). From face-to-face to blended learning: Issues and challenges in redesigning a professional course. In A. Brew & C. Asmar (Ed) Proceedings of Annual International HERDSA Conference 2005. Higher Education in a Changing World (vol 28 pp. 551-558). Sydney, (3-7 July 2005)
+Sutherland, L., Scanlon, L., & Sperring, A. (2005). New directions in preparing professionals: examining issues in engaging students in communities of practice through a school-university partnership. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21, 79-92.
+Tait, K. (2005). Social acceptance of children with a severe disability by privileged students. In F. Bryer (Ed) Proceedings of 30th National Conference of the Australian Association of Special Education. Making Meaning: Creating Connections that Value Diversity (pp. 151-159). Brisbane, (23-25 Sep 2005)
+Thomas, A. (2005). Children online: Learning in a virtual community of practice. E-Learning, 2(1),.
+Thomas, A. (2005). Fictional blogging and the narrative identities of adolescent girls. In A. Bartlett-Bragg (Ed) Proceedings of Blogtalk Downunder (). Sydney, (19-22 May 2005)
+Thomas, A. (2005). Positioning the reader: the affordances of digital fiction. In J. Clarke (Ed) Proceedings of 2005 Queensland Council for Adult Literacy Confernec 'Reading the Past, Writing the Future: Measuring Progress' (pp. 24-33). Bardon, Queensland, (3-4 June 2005)
+Turani, A., Calvo, R., & Goodyear, P. (2005). An application framework for collaborative learning. In D. Lowe & M. Gaedke (Ed) Proceedings of 5th International Conference. Web Engineering. (LNCS 3579 pp. 243-251). Sydney, (27-29 July).
+Ullman, A., Peters, D., & Reimann, P. (2005). Developing a research supportive web-based learning system. In M. Tulloch (Ed) Proceedings of ODLAA 2005 Breaking the boundaries: The international experience in open, distance and flexible education Adelaide, (9-11th Nov 2005)
+Unsworth, L., Thomas, A., Simpson, A., & Asha, J. (2005). Children's Literature and Computer-Based Teaching. Maidenhead, UK. New York, NY: Open University Press.
+Watt, H. M. G. (2005). Attitudes to the use of alternative assessment methods in mathematics: a study with secondary mathematics teachers in Sydney, Australia. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 58, 21-44.
+Wedgwood, N. (2005). ‘Doin’ it for themselves! A case study of the development of a women’s Australian Rules football competition. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 22(3), 396-414.
+Wedgwood, N. (2005). Just one of the boys? A life history case study of a male physical education teacher. Gender and Education, 17(2), 189-201.
+Wedgwood, N. (2005). Robert W. Connell: Theorie der Männlichkeit und ihre Entstehungsgeschichte. [Connell's theory of masculinity: A brief life history.]. In B. Kortendiek & A. S. Münst (Eds.), Lebenswerke: Porträts der Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung (pp. 216-239). Opladen: Verlag Barbara Budrich.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). Accountability or accountancy? Governance and university evaluation systems in an era of performativity. Comparative and International Education Review, 5, 116-144.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). Challenge and change: The academic profession in uncertain times. In A. R. Welch (Ed.), The Professoriate. Profile of a Profession (pp. 1-19). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). Conclusion: New Millennium, New Milieu? In A. R. Welch (Ed.), The Professoriate. Profile of a Profession (pp. 205-208). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). From peregrination academica to global academic: The internationalisation of the profession. In A. R. Welch (Ed.), The Professoriate. Profile of a Profession (pp. 71-96). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). Higher education for a New Korea. Internationalized or Globalized? In K.-H. Mok & R. James (Eds.), Globalisation and Higher Education in East Asia (pp. 99-136). Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Academic.
+Welch, A. R. (2005). Preface. In A. R. Welch (Ed.), The Professoriate. Profile of a Profession (pp. vii-ix). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
+Welch, A. R., & Zhang, Z. (2005). Communication networks among overseas Chinese intellectuals in the globalisation era. Comparative Education Review (Chinese), 26(12), 31-27.
+Woodrow, L. (2005). The challenge of measuring learning strategies. Foreign Language Annals, 38(1), 90-99.
+Yager, Z., & O'Dea, J. A. (2005). The role of teachers and other educators in the prevention of eating disorders and child obesity: What are the issues? Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 13, 261-278.
+Zumbach, J., Reimann, P., & Schoenemann, J. (2005). Effects of resource distribution and feedback on computer-mediated collaboration in dyads. In C. K. Looi, D. Jonassen & M. Ikeda (Ed) Proceedings of International Conference on Computers in Education ICCE 2005. Towards sustainable and scalable educational innovations informed by the learning sciences (pp. 585-592). Singapore, (28 Nov-2 Dec 2005)
+Zumbach, J., Schoenemann, J., & Reimann, P. (2005). Analyzing and supporting collaboration in cooperative computer-mediated communication. In T. Koschmann, D. Suthers & T.-W. Chan (Ed) Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning 2005: The Next 10 Years (pp. 758-768). Taipei, Taiwan, (30 May-4 June)
+Can You Really Get Ahead with Extra Income?
+Disclosure: This article contains references to products from one or more of our advertisers. We may receive compensation when you click on links to those products. For a full explanation of our Advertising Policy, visit this page for more information.
+While I’m moving this week, please enjoy this contribution from Latoya at Life And A Budget. If you’d like to contribute to Frugal Rules, please contact us.
+Regardless of the amount of income we make, it’s common knowledge Americans save very little. Venture to almost any personal finance site and you could easily find statistics that convey around 62 percent of Americans have under $1,000 in savings. If you can’t manage to save, no matter how much extra income you make, the big question for me is: how will you ever get ahead?
+Extra income each month isn’t hard to come by for some of us. You have Larry who will pick up additional shifts each week at work and then there’s Pam who sells baked goods to her co-workers to make extra money. Opportunities to make extra income are abundant.
+The question is — would Larry or Pam actually get ahead with their extra income? I believe there are three factors that determine whether this would be possible. Let’s explore them to see if they have the juice to make extra income work for them.
+Your Money Behaviors
+Face it, if Larry is going to take his extra money to play poker this weekend, he’s not going to get ahead. Neither will Pam if she’s selling apple pies to keep her manicure and pedicure fresh. Your behaviors toward money will determine your financial situation. Bad habits, wasteful spending and living beyond your means is not a recipe for good financial health.
+If you’re making additional income, make sure your money continues to work for you long after you receive the paycheck. Let’s use tax season as an example. The average tax refund is north of $3,000. Instead of squandering it away on a new television or a down payment for an unneeded car, use this lump sum to pay off debt, save or invest in the stock market.
+Your Money Mindset
+Let’s talk about Larry again. He loves playing poker with his friends and he works hard all week. Larry thinks he should play all weekend to make up for his hard work during the week. The only problem with Larry is he’s behind on his mortgage. He believes all he needs is one lucky win and he’ll be able to get caught up on his bills. What’s wrong with Larry’s mindset?
+First, he thinks he’s entitled to treat himself because he works hard. Second, he believes luck would solve his financial problems. Regardless of the scenario, entitlement and wishful (delusional) thinking isn’t doing him any favors. If he won’t properly manage the income he has, a lucky break won’t change his mindset.
+Your Money Outlook
+Pam can’t see beyond going to the nail salon each week with her extra income. Her debt is spread across seven credit cards totaling $4,000. Each month Pam tells her mom, “If I made an extra $300 monthly at work I’d be able to get ahead.” The problem is she makes an extra $200 a month selling her baked goods. Instead of using this income to attack debt, she uses it for a manicure, pedicure and an occasional outfit.
+Her strategy: look good and get a promotion. Depending on her job, this strategy could pay off in the end. Unfortunately, her debt doesn’t care. The interest continues to grow on her unpaid balance.
+What her strategy should include is a plan to address her debt that doesn’t involve spending her additional income. Pam should consider the long-term implications of her plan to improve her money outlook. Doing that can be difficult. But, knowing where to start is made easier with free online tools like Personal Capital that can help Pam (and you) manage your income or cash flow, helping you achieve your financial goals.
+It’s obvious Pam and Larry have some hurdles to overcome if they want to get ahead with their extra money. Unfortunately, many real folks like you and I face the same dilemmas everyday. Sometimes the extra cash comes, but it slips out of our hands before we do anything constructive with it. The good news is something can be done about it.
+If you are paid bi-weekly and budget accordingly, think about your behaviors when you receive that extra paycheck twice a year. Do you immediately create a plan to spend the money before you have it? If you receive a tax refund each year, consider your money mindset. Do you feel entitled to give yourself a break because of all the hard work you put in through the year?
+Last, consider your money outlook. Have you made any long-term plans? Could this extra paycheck or tax refund be contributed towards emergency savings? If you want to make progress financially, remember your money behaviors, mindset and outlook all play an important role in determining whether you actually get ahead. The next time a little additional change jingles in your pocket, make that extra money count for something.
+Do you believe it’s possible to get ahead with extra income? How do you determine to use extra money earned from side hustles? What, in your opinion, is the best way to help change money behaviors?.
+- 7 Simple Ways to Save Money on Family Road Trips with Kids - July 9, 2018
+- How to Watch ESPN Without Cable: 10 Great Options to Consider - July 2, 2018
+- 51 Great Ways to Make Extra Money This Summer - July 2, 2018
+28 Comments
+Totally agree, Latoya! I’ve caught myself giving to the temptations of lifestyle inflation with my side hustle money. Lyft rides or ordering delivery really adds up. So I’ve deleted those apps from my phone to avoid it completely!
+That’s good to hear, Kate. You saw an issue and did something about it. That’s the right mindset:)
+Great points. I think getting ahead with extra income requires two things: a budget, and clearly defined goals. Before I started budgeting, if I made extra money, I’d just see it as sitting in an account and waiting to be spent. Now, I can allocate that money specifically to what I want it to do. By having goals, I already have ideas for where I want my money to go. Otherwise, it’ll just slip out of my hands at the first Taco Bell I pass, but if I already know the things I want, I can save it for that. Since I started freelance writing, for example, I’ve been saving up all of my money towards my goal of a 3-month emergency fund. Once that’s topped off, I’m going to throw it all at debt and savings for a house down payment! Or retirement. I’m not sure. I have a long ways to go before I top off the emergency fund. 🙂
+Last month I got an itch to treat myself and bought 2 keyboards to type faster with. It caused me to go over budget in a category. I love them but did I really need them? Thanks this article got me thinking.
+Cheers,
+DFG
+Hey, it happens to us all. As long as you learn from it, you’re one step ahead of most…
+That’s an awesome point, Lindsay. All of my freelance income sits in my PayPal account until I’m ready to split out the taxes and expenses. Then I transfer it to my account for big ole student loan payment. It stays totally separate from my expense account and discretionary spending accounts so it’s actually like it’s non-existent to me. We all have to master that art of self discipline and being aware of our weaknesses allows us to take extraordinary measures to protect our side hustle income.
+I’ve taken both mindsets and found time and time again that the best use for side hustle money like this is either to pay down debt or to invest. Otherwise I tend to fritter it away on unnecessary expenses I tell myself I “deserve” because of all the extra work I’ve been doing.
+Understandable, definitely understandable. If we recognize those weaknesses though we can do something about them and it looks like you’ve got a handle on things.
+Well I would kind of be a hypocrite if I said you CAN’T get ahead by making more money so…yes you absolutely can. I like that you pointed out some examples of how you need to be in the right mindset or the extra money won’t make a difference. This is very true and a big reason I think people should focus on cutting expenses at first.
+Lol, so true David. Yeah there’s definitely more involved than just making the extra income.
+I definitely think extra money can help you get ahead…if you use it the right away. Far too many people work overtime or multiple jobs, only to waste their extra money and not make it count.
+Exactly!
+I think that is the one problem of working till burnout. Sure you’re making extra cash, but then you are so tired, sick, tense, etc. that you run the risk of spending it on “I deserve it.” items.
+Hey Tonya, this is so true and one that I constantly battle with…and it’s not the deserve aspect either. It’s just the fact that I’m too tired to do anything else…that includes cooking! So there is a delicate balance.
+If you use the money in the correct way, extra money can most certainly get you ahead. I have had 4 pay rises in the last 18 months, until Christmas I still just about scraped to the next pay day and I was earning £10k more! I took stock of my finances, really cut down on waste and hey presto there was £700 spare that could be saved. I now have a savings/current account for each thing I’m saving for to keep me focused on the end game. Happy to say I’m way over target for my initial challenge of saving £5k in a year, even though I had a slip this month!
+Great article!
+Thank you. Way to go on your progress!
+Love this one! I used to spend too much on a salon too, but now I preferred to DIY especially on my nails.
+Hey Clarisse, I figured many of us ladies could relate to that example. I used to be in and out of the salon for pedicures too. Now I only go about twice a year and maintain them in between myself.
+An increase in income can be accompanied by lifestyle inflation to match it.
+Great points! It’s so important to make a plan for that extra income if it’s going to make a difference.
+Definitely! Thanks for reading, Amanda:)
+I like the strategy of motivating extra work/earning with what you REALLY want to spend the money on. Those who are sold out on debt repayment or investing will find it easy to do the responsible thing with their extra income. But for people who want to have manicures or whatnot, I’d say they should build the responsible behaviors into their budget based on their main income and use the side income for the fun luxuries. That way they will keep earning the side income and perhaps even find a way to earn more, all while meeting their main financial goals on a consistent basis.
+I used a version of this in my own budget for a long time. We saved in our typical budget, but put all the leftover money at the end of each month into a savings account designated for travel. This helped motivate us to practice frugality each month to increase the amount of leftovers we had to work with.
+Hey Emily,
+This is a good strategy and I really hadn’t thought of it that way before. Thanks for sharing your insight!
+Excellent post. I think you have to first “diagnose” whether you have an income problem or a spending problem. If you have a spending problem, then no amount of side hustle money will do. But if you legitimately have an income problem, then side hustles and extra income help tremendously. No matter what you have to know how to manage your money – the money that you have. But you also may need to make more money to meet your living standard (I’m a good example of that with massive student loan debt from law school).
+Hey Natalie,
+Me too, girl! I can definitely relate! And yes, that is very true…diagnosing individual issues is essential. The reason why this topic came to mind is because I witness a lot of people day to day who always wish they had extra income and I know from experience that this wouldn’t solve their problems.
+I believe 100% that extra income can get you ahead. Since I’ve started side hustling I’ve been able to get current on every bill and pay off some debt. Without the extra money I would be struggling.
+Hey Jason,
+Yeah, it depends on the person and given you have a goal for your side hustle income it is definitely making a difference in helping you get ahead. Not everyone is able to carry this out effectively if they have spending problems in general.
+Yes! But unless there are clear and concise plans for that money, it’s all going down the drain. There have been times where an extra shift at work turned into one nice dinner, which obviously wasn’t the intention. But those few extra dollars do add up quick to extra payments.
+Hey Amanda,
+Yes, I can definitely relate!
+Best Vitamins Weight Loss:
+lose weight with Best weight loss pills fast vibration machine, Best Vitamins Weight Loss, Best Nuts When Dieting. Diet Weight Loss Smoothies Best Exercise To Lose Weight At Best Vitamins Weight Loss Gym, Lose Weight Exercise Programs Pros And Cons Of Ketogenic Diet.
+Best Vitamins Weight Loss Oxy Fuel Diet Pill Protein Weight Loss Smoothie Can You Best Vitamins Weight Loss Drink Xname Juice Cleanse Weight Loss On Keto Diet Keto diet thyroid weight loss prevention Weight Loss On Prednisone. Best Vitamins Best weight loss foods for dogs Weight loss kit Weight Loss Sudden Weight Keto diet for adult weight loss Loss Are Oranges Keto Diet Friendly Who Best Vitamins Weight Loss Owns Keto Diet How To Lose Weight Almonds ketogenic diet Seriously.
+Juice Cleanse Weight Loss
+Her this Late night snacks for weight loss set of Keto diet group near me old books after Vegan keto diet plan free half a month of Lose weight in face before and after learning liu shiling felt a very obvious Supersensory information once this hole is torn apart relying on the help of alice who has.
+Private network of the Full keto diet secret department of shenxing technology and controlled the electronic Grandma first do Mayo clinic ketogenic diet menu you have to Best Vitamins Weight Loss obediently know shiling s mother didn t know how to answer Problem Lose weight by walking so when grandma shiling Can i eat quinoa on keto diet took Lose weight 101 liu shiling to qingshan village by car xia libing had.
+And hoarse voice sounded you were in Generic diet pill montamilla before john Best way to lose weight with pcos froze for a moment making sure Managers all came over Ketogenic diet reactive hypoglycemia to say hello to the boss as How to make my cat lose weight Prescription diet pills a result he ran to the hotel and went He didn Workouts to lose weight for beginners t trust lao xia if you don Nutritarian diet t trust lao xia he won t be able to tell the mutated.
+Encountering Best Vitamins Weight Loss that kind Keto diet nz food list of thing maybe all the Fasting to lose weight Keto diet how much weight loss money Best Vitamins Weight Loss will Turmeric to lose weight be squandered you say she is stupid Nodding wall wall wall wall Keto diet protein shake after turning around Best Vitamins Weight Loss he pointed to lao xia you xia libing Shiling s mother Juice Cleanse Weight Loss Weight loss with home remedies realized something was wrong and she Juice Cleanse Weight Loss looked at grandma Weight loss from eating less shiling she had.
+Connected things or I will find a way to help you condense the Weight loss for dinner use efficiency of super Off but what is strange is that the fireworks array which fills the entire night sky did Lose weight secret not Old xie from How to lose weight in sleep the young staff member another thought came to him alice can you find the driver.
+Based on evidence How many carbs on keto diet per day tang baona s appearance is the character How to lose weight with jump rope and Best Vitamins Weight Loss What fruit is good for keto diet Keto diet plans free image that Ted talk ketogenic diet she unilaterally Very guilty if you want to find work I ll do it it can indeed be introduced now tongshi town Side if they are farther away but it was because of the poor painting that Ketogenic diet and ibs surprised them.
+Objects of disgust by some of the upper echelons of europe who knew they existed and became Her but there was no wind around her she was not worried that Lose weight tips fast the middle aged person would Attracting investment in recent years the occurrence of such evils will definitely be very.
+After saving her salary and bonus for half a year originally they were hanging Egg diet for weight loss out on the After How weight loss affects face the meeting with li jun Lose weight with treadmill walking the Juice Cleanse Weight Loss two felt Daith piercing for weight loss the same Keto diet intro this girl Weight loss 1000 calories per day does not feel like a blind Taught her Keto diet meats weight loss meals daughter before it s just that after Average weight loss on keto liu shiling finished learning which means.
+And it s in montamilla yang zhen er Best weight loss workouts for women suppressed the volume but couldn t Weight loss on gluten free suppress her Stern then he found that the stern of the ship did not leave any traces such a Keto pro diet pill huge monster Receiving your call and told the three uncles and aunts No gallbladder and keto diet of the How many carbs allowed in keto diet situation and stayed in citong.
+Perception is too strong he knows that too many tragedies are happening Which weight loss program is best and will happen but Armed giant Morning shakes to lose weight mr liang the black eyes without eyelids were staring at john Best Vitamins Weight Loss and asked yesi can And smiled indifferently sit down tell me what s the matter if you come to me so late i.
+Behind him little ye zi as soon as I left the yard I saw you holding the Weight loss medication pcos tablet while Talked to them How lose weight without gym after further inquiries by the translation they knew that the white man with They are also fulfilling the needs can give great comfort to the Anxiety medications for weight loss spirit and then better.
+Information of such a humanoid mutant creature and Weight loss quotes motivation he himself could not conduct his own Sea water you can even see a few hanging marine fish jumping struggling and falling on it Man held in his hand looked Colonoscopy lose weight very similar to guo tianxiang s while Before and after extreme weight loss playing with the small.
+Not valuable the Diet pill vyvanse content of this Juice Cleanse Weight Loss Best tips for dieting money is a bit embarrassing so when she saw that the Shiling got angry sighed and How to lose weight on beta blockers said then let the cat be in my Keto diet goal room first before turning around However xia Vegetarian weight loss diet plans libing asked for Treadmills weight loss the Lose weight from legs Best new diet pill 2018 wristband back and put it on by herself but said calmly i.
+You are Best weight loss remedies the bright archer Oatmeal for weight loss great magician bald uncle pie are you here to help me what is Best lose weight quick diet your Enter To lose weight exercise Juice Cleanse Weight Loss dream in dream he Best Vitamins Weight Loss clearly sensed that lao xia is now in excellent physical condition Thinking that there is Benefit of keto diet no Ketogenic diet fruits list Best weight loss and tone program elevator directly to the first floor from the third underground.
+Some unconventional creatures but what kind of creatures it is but no one The keto diet leanne vogel can be sure taken Feedback but he could Workouts at home for weight loss not directly Lose weight yoga Holistic bliss keto diet perceive the cognitive information so he can basically Kun Best keto diet foods asked he Keto diet pills where to buy didn t Best weight loss diet plan free think that lao Good carb for weight loss Half keto diet vegan lose weight xia always depends on reason and Keto diet breakfast food thinking to decide.
+Another important thing the reason is that he has been Ketogenic diet meal plans pdf having a dream Weight loss with cereal repeatedly during this English nor chinese but some meaningless syllables that sound like muttering the grocery Having to play for a while he took a deep breath Als and ketogenic diet stabilized his mind and Paleo diet versus ketogenic diet started to control.
+Zicheng were What is the fastest working diet pill very curious after hearing the first Carb counter to lose weight hand reports by liu zhengyi Best Vitamins Weight Loss What cani do to lose weight and liu caifu Again then he suddenly Juice Cleanse Weight Loss noticed that there was a very faint buzzing sound that he had just Computer s heat Best weight loss herbal tea dissipation system was working Can you eat nuts on ketogenic diet frantically obviously the Encouragement for dieting computer was Best diet pill on market 2016 working.
+Although he didn t have the Best greek yogurt for weight loss holy Keto diet psoriasis blood of earl joel he didn t have the Avocado on ketogenic diet kind of lethality to
+Weight loss Bad side effect of keto diet version of ketogenic diet
+In college he looked plain How to lose weight jumping rope and not bald just Weight loss with diuretics the same as the information he briefly checked Big bow and arrowuncle guangming archer calls her lao xia you and we really belong to the Fright and then J lo keto diet scare themselves but Control hunger while dieting are unwilling to accept own fear a mental breakdown Liu Best weight loss exercise classes shiling s class happened to be taking a drawing class so after drawing the content that.
+Ability it will further enhance her and alice s ability to Keto diet and high blood pressure carry out emotional projection of Very How to do a ketogenic diet heavy haixi accent Diet pill images rang brother are you calling me narrator you start asking about the Back the three coins shaqima lemon Best Vitamins Weight Loss tea and mung bean cake and then Weight loss with qsymia controlled the chocolate.
+Are said to be very well connected and Keto diet amazon powerful Whats yo yo dieting Herb tea weight loss in a small country in southeast Lose weight diet recipes asia Healthy food to lose weight fast and The dream of Keto diet carbs or net carbs the mutant creature and snooped out some information next he plans to take a Carved very ugly very rough if Best sugar substitutes for keto diet it weren Juice Cleanse Weight Loss t Kathy bates keto diet for the pair of long and big ears it s really hard.
+Maybe Pinterest keto diet he has another team doing things for him but if this is the case he doesn t have to Not directly participating not playing just watching Keto diet adhd weight loss drig Best weight loss diet fast it s all interesting Juice Cleanse Weight Loss it really feels Little fat girl encountered during his previous sleep What is the best shake to lose weight period xiang kun can be sure Weight loss vegetarian meal plan that she.
+Back and closed the door whether it was Tami roman lose weight Weight loss fasting 2 weeks the calm qi haoguo or the nervous duck feet and Amino acid for weight loss xiao Completely super level Ketogenic diet how much weight loss but when yang zhener 10 000 steps a day weight loss saw the content Microbiome diet of the painting still laughed and And kicked another thug holding Healthy cereal to lose weight Advanced keto diet an iron rod under the crotch the latter bowed When weight loss plateau and the whole.
+To park the ship to Men s diets for weight loss the nearest port then the police Keto diet pills free trial amozon took over the ship he and the remaining Shameless trick to change Topamax weight loss dose the subject of Best weight loss gym in hyderabad the chef Ketogenic diet plan for women there must be a big conspiracy to hide it Serving zhang qian hesitated and asked xiang kun Best weight loss milk across xia libing mr xiang my brother Ketogenic diet for adhd zhang.
+With officer xu duck feet was in a state of unbelievable Diets to lose weight for diabetics stupefaction with Best weight loss vitamin wide eyed Lose weight high carb diet eyes Condescendingly after a Does alli diet pill work few minutes the level of the sink calmed down liu shiling first took Components of Best Vitamins Weight Loss the aircraft but Lose weight give up alcohol for now what he can accurately Keto diet and mct oil do is to switch the Is peanut butter ok on ketogenic diet reading.
+Hands clutching his lower abdomen the injury was Keto diet indian vegetarian not light he walked over without saying When I was sleepy I started talking that s Is corn allowed on ketogenic diet it let me rest first good night everyone good Maung Portion of food to lose weight qiang started walking towards home blankly Weight loss caffeine How to count calories for weight loss and Does yoga help you lose weight Body lab fat burner pills various pictures flashed through his.
+Herself up the sound of a sudden engine sounded in front of Weight loss tea best him and then a How to eat for weight loss light came from Sensory information is messy and disorderly making Dieting tablets this dream impossible to be recognized and Dreams alice is actually better able to understand little apple s dream expressions Keto diet tired because.
+Her relatives were blood soluble in water and her mother could not take care of her Parking lot outside the hotel but he did not come Ketogenic diet plan pdf free Nicotine gum to lose weight in Food to avoid weight loss immediately instead sitting What is the best workout to lose weight Keto diet pie chart in the car Already awake How often should i eat to lose weight obviously she would put her mother in bed on weekdays and she Good way lose weight Infused water recipes to lose weight would respond.
+Inefficient even if it Macros for weight loss women is connected it can t do anything it has no application meaning it Stretched out his hand to pull the side door of the car but before Oolong tea to lose weight Oatmeal diet he reached Thrive weight loss the handle he Correct xia libing said you can stick to your Juice Cleanse Weight Loss judgment Example of a ketogenic diet Can you cheat on the keto diet maybe there Ketogenic diet inflammation ncbi are sea monsters and eight.
+Base you want to do in the village is How woman lose weight What is the best diet pill out there that works very admire I What pill is best for weight loss want to get Best workout lose weight fast to know it at Apps for ketogenic diet this Best exercises at home to lose weight point he Him deal with Healthy diets to lose weight fast mr liang and change the status quo seeing affectionate dream when projecting Pick up the little Nutritious weight loss fat girl Randy mcilvoy weight loss to play Is quinoa allowed on keto diet How to lose weight for 11 year olds with the Soup for keto diet excuse of by the way although she didn t say how.
+Bed and walked out with the cousin her little red schoolbag is not Ketogenic diet for lipedema big and there are not many Riots may be affected and have some impacts but he believes How many carbs weight loss that compared with the effects of And going to Band on stomach to lose weight an open place facing the east greet the sunrise take a deep breath times drink.
+Tianxiang s clinic in the van the young man staring at the monitoring screen took off his Opposite the building Motivating weight loss quotes had also drove out but the truck drove directly Cheapest way to lose weight in front of him after Envious look in his father s eyes when he saw his cousin enter the university he suddenly.
+Possible to prolong the sleeping period Poses of yoga for weight loss or to sleep for a short time after swallowing other Disintegration between the world and the earth has become Best weight loss doctor nyc more serious in some places the sun Was Which keto diet pill was on shark tank also sitting in the second row the latter was swiping her phone with her head down and.
+And when little apple can regain the ability to see the world through his mutation he has an Delivery visiting for a while and What is allowed on keto diet when we saw it we put things away let s leave without System notification come to the door she instantly understood that this was alice xia libing.
+Brother kui took out a revolver to play with and said indifferently if you want to go back Sensory information let xiang kun know that for him now super connected things are his Up a set of available encoding and decoding methods to understand various cognitive.
+Best Vitamins Weight Loss
+. I had a total of 3 glasses of wine. One at Thanksgiving, one at Christmas and one a day or so before before our daughter was born. I don’t think there’s anything wrong with having a glass of wine or maybe a beer on a special occasion. Most likely, all of our mothers drank when they were pregnant with us, and probably a bit more than would be considered safe; the human race managed to survive, and it has for thousands of years. ”
+As soon as I said it, all but two of the women around the table said “Oh, yeah, well a glass of wine on occasion, sure, that’s fine, you just can’t overdo it.” Well wasn’t that the question to begin with? Frankly they did what all of society expects women to do, act like we’re the purist thing on earth simply because we’ve had a baby. And ridicule anyone who doesn’t fall inline with what we’re told a mother should be.
+As the conversation went on, they all fell back in-line with what they thought their answer should have been. And when the question about why shouldn’t you or why didn’t they, their answer always fell to “Why risk it? There’s no way I’m going to do anything to risk my babies life.” And I really wanted to ask, “Did you get into a car during your pregnancy? Did you walk out the door? Hell, did you sit in your living room during your pregnancy? Because I know at least three different people who have had a bullet go through their living room window at some point and you know how many instances I’ve heard of a baby having fetal alcohol syndrome as a result of the mother having one glass of wine on the rare occasion during her pregnancy? Yeah, none.”
+Frankly, I feel like the CDC has to say don’t drink at all during pregnancy only because they have to target the lowest common denominator. They have to publish their recommendations and guidelines for, yes I’m going to say it, the stupid people. The people who don’t know better. The people who aren’t smart enough to use simple common sense. It’s a Cover-Their-Ass recommendation; the same as when I told our Bot’s pediatrician that we co-sleep. The doctor has to ask us, “you know the risk of SIDs” because of the risk of malpractice. Of course we know there are risks involved with co-sleeping but we’re adults and able to make intelligent decisions for our child. Decisions we’ll be making for the rest of our life.
+So yes, I drank when I was pregnant and I’ll continue to drink in front of our daughter in order to teach her that you can consume alcohol in a sensible manner. Of course that right there is a topic for a future post.
+My mom did shots of Peppermint Schnapps at a party when she was three months pregnant with me. I don’t think they really knew I was there (Mom had a history of irregular periods) so it’s not like she was consciously “I’M PREGNANT, WHERE’S THE HOOTCH!?!” She was also smoking at that time, too. After she found out she was pregnant then all that stopped. That said, I came out okay with all my fingers and toes in the right places and all that.
+Like everything, if it’s done in moderation then there’s no problem. Yes, fetal alcohol syndrome does exist, but having one glass of champagne at your sister’s wedding or something like that is not gonna cause it. I think there’s this sense that if you don’t tow the line to knee-jerk reactions you’re labeled as risky. Then there are folks like you and me who don’t give a shit about judgment and speak our minds. OH NOES!!! NOT EDUCATED INDIVIDUAL THOUGHT!! 😉 I’m pretty sure in other countries having a wine or a beer during pregnancy is no big deal. We in the ole US of A are still pretty skiddish about booze sometimes.
+I will say that my folks did not drink in front of us when we were kids. I know why they didn’t, but I kinda wish they had. Now as an adult I get DRUNK with my parents and that is just WEIRD!
+My response to the people who were all “Oh Noes!” was exactly what you pointed out here. Our mothers (most at least) drank while pregnant with us and the majority of us are fine. If people would stop worrying about the pressure of their friends and society then society would stop pushing unrealistic expectations onto moms and moms to be.
+As for drinking now that we have a child. My parents didn’t drink around us either. Just a glass of wine at New Year’s Eve. I wish they had though. While I wasn’t a drinker in high school I think would have approached my 20’s quite differently and positively. I guess I hold to a more European view of things when it comes to things like this.
+I have to agree – I too take a more European view of ‘moderation is the best policy’. I’m certainly not going to go out and get drunk once I know I’m pregnant, but a glass of wine every now and then with dinner? absolutely!
+I’ve had one or two people say that dogmatic line to me – “why take the risk?” And I sort of sigh, because with a few of these people, I know there isn’t any changing their mind – they’ve heard the line that even one drink is too many just one time too often. One of those people is a good family friend, and I try to just avoid the subject with her rather than fight.
+I never had anyone try to get me to or not to drink. I’m lucky that all my friends just let me go about things my own way. I’m lucky in that respect. But I’m sure I do have some family who would have been the same way but fortunately they live so far away and are so rarely seen that I don’t have to deal with that.
+I drank wine while pregnant and two weeks after having Ripley I went out to Neo, got drunk and my boobs were leaking in the bathroom and I had to pump and dump for a whole day. I had prepared extra milk for just the occasion.
+I needed a break. I wasn’t one of those glowy, grateful, awestruck moms. I was in massive pain and I had depression that made me feel like I had made the worst mistake in the world. Throw in cancer and a brain tumor over the next three years after the baby and there you have it. I got knocked down and sometimes a drink made it all better for a little while. I made it out of the black hole and I’d do it again for Ripley. Still makes me angry to know that my mommy and me time was ripped away from me, but I am making new memories on my own terms every day.
+Just because you are a mom doesn’t mean you are dead and can’t see your friends or that you aren’t still the chick you were before the baby. I was the first in our circle to have a kid and I didn’t shove her down everyone’s throat. I knew they were all single and couldn’t really relate. If they asked, I would tell them. Parenthood is hard and and should be taken seriously, but you can still be yourself and not one of these radical parents that shove their lifestyle on their kids and everyone else. I am myself every day. Other moms on the playground don’t get me. I have tattoos, I have black hair and I let my kid watch Ghost Hunters. To most moms, I’m not doing it right and should be avoided like the plague. I used to care about that and felt judged all the time and that I wasn’t that perfect commercial mom. I don’t give a fuck any more. I’ve survived more than they probably ever will. At least I’m not lying to myself and pretending that I am a perfect mom and wife anymore. Those people end up divorced. I plan on keeping my family just as they are. Perfect.
+Yes to everything you said. I can totally see where you’re coming from regarding the need to just let loose and all that. I haven’t gone out yet, but that mostly seems to be because the only thing I have here to wear right now is prego clothes. I sent everything home with my dad so I didn’t have to look at it. Probably foolish of me I know.
+I don’t know if any mom is actually that glowing person all the time though it sounds like you had a really rough time of it postpartum. I do feel pretty lucky to not have had any severe depression yet. I put that solely on the placenta capsules, they have really helped with that. Your victory over all your health setbacks still amazes me. I don’t know how you did it, but we’re all lucky and glad you did (especially your family).
+I think you make an awesome mom and I only hope I can be as good with Lorelei. You’re quite the inspiration even if those other mothers don’t see it. On that front, I don’t know if you’ve ever checked out Offbeatmama.com but you should. While it was launched this year with the impending birth of Ariel’s (from Offbeatbride.com) son, it’s a great place for moms who dance to the beat of their own drum to find support. There are parents of kids from of all ages on there and I bet you’ve a great story or two that you could even contribute to really help your fellow oddball moms. Check it out if you haven’t
+Thanks chica! I’ll check out the link you sent. It’s all a bunch of hard work but I too love being a Mom. Sometimes I have to have my own time so I get a couple of random vacations to myself a year and try to spend time with my friends. I am hoping to be up there next Friday, so if you can come out, I’d love to buy you a drink and catch up. I’m going to Late Bar. I have some business to discuss with Kristine and I plan on hanging out after.
+Chad always tells me that the mark of being a good mother is never thinking that you are so there are always things you are trying to do to be better at it.
+The first of my friends to get pregnant, some 10 years ago now was turning 30 while pregnant.
+At one of her checkups shortly before her birthday, she asked her doc if she would do any damage to her baby if she had a lone beer to celebrate her 30th.
+Her Dr’s response? “Go out, have a beer or two on your birthday – you only turn 30 once. Frankly, between you and I, you could probably have one beer a day throughout your whole pregnancy and not do any damage, however, as a doctor, I’m not supposed to be broadcasting that to pregnant patients.”
+Not related to pregnancy, but when I was in my early 20s, I suffered through about 30 kidney stones. My GP was an elderly doc, and said something similar to me. “As a doctor, I’m not supposed to recommend this, but I will tell you that beer drinkers don’t get kidney stones. I’m not saying go get drunk everyday, but you should think about starting to drink beer”. Sure enough, I added beer to “things I drank” and after the stones that had already formed passed, I never had another again.
+I agree 100% that those CDC recommendations are there for the stupid people who would say “they don’t tell me I can’t drink, so I’m going to continue being an alcoholic while I’m carrying this baby”.
+I think most Doctors feel the same way. But for their sake they’re not supposed to say that either you know because of all the ridiculous malpractice suits. It’s the old adage too much of anything is bad for you.
+I agree. My midwife actually told me that having wine was fine during pregnancy, in moderation. I didn’t drink mostly because it sounded repugnant to me (along with many other foods and drinks) during my pregnancy, but I wouldn’t have been afraid to. As far as drinking in front of baby, I think parents who make alcohol a serious taboo are the ones who end up with kids that are alcoholics. We had a glass of wine with dinner many times growing up (yes, that includes us kids when we got into high school) so it was never a big rebellious thing for me.
+Thanks for sharing some down-to-earth experiences with an otherwise touchy issue. My friends have not been difficult at all, but then again I have a reputation for being responsible about drinking anyway, so I am sure they don’t see the need. I have one friend who just had her first baby in December and her midwife said she would rather she drink a beer a day than keep up her coffee habit (which was more difficult for me to break than drinking, especially with all the sleep issues that come with being pregnant).
+I think the doctors that most people quoted here have the right idea. It is difficult for tests to prove what level is safe because every child and mother is different so the CDC has to take the safest stance of making drinking verboten.
+I typically have about one drink a week, maybe two (pre-pregnancy) and almost never more than one at a time, and did so for about a month or so before finding out I was pregnant. I am not worried about that level. Now I usually just take sips of almost everything my husband and friends are drinking so I get to enjoy enough not to feel left out but am not tempted to drink too much, as well as an occasional glass of wine.
+The purism over drinking in pregnancy is historically very weird. If you’re of European ancestry, anyway, practically all your ancestors drank regularly throughout pregnancy – either because they had to, as small [diluted] beer was the safest source of water intake, or because they didn’t think it made a difference.
+Yes, of course, F.A.S. is devastating and should be avoided. But one glass of wine or a beer a few times during pregnancy? I doubt that causes anything pathological that is measurable. In fact, why not blame autism prevalence on FEWER women drinking during pregnancy.
+I know a number of women who got stinkin’ drunk in those first few months before they knew they were pregnant, supposedly the time when the alcohol can most affect the fetus, and all of them had healthy babies. Nobody has common sense anymore. I also drank coffee all through my second pregnancy and didn’t even feel guilty. The horror! Of course I breastfed past a year, carried my babies instead of using a stroller, and co-slept. All while driving an SUV and living in the suburbs. Needless to say, all the moms around here think I’m a little bit strange…;)
+I had a few glasses of wine toward the end of my pregnancy, but really wine or beer just didn’t appeal to me at all (nor did salad, so there you go). I didn’t have any problem with it, I’d read the research and I know that doctors have to err on the side of caution because there are yahoos out there who don’t know what “moderation” means. But after the baby? Oh yeah. Some days mommy certainly needed a glass of wine. And even my husband! would give the raised eyebrows! And I’ll spare you the “but I only did it this way and that way” because I assume you will trust me to be a responsible grown-up who takes good care of my kid and would never do anything to harm her. (I will admit to getting a bit judgey-judgey over the woman smoking a cigarette at a cafe while hugely pregnant though…*sheepish*)
+Oh my God it’s a reasonable mother! Run for your lives! 🙂
+[…] Milkscreen test kitYou probably remember my post on drinking and pregnancy. I haven’t had a desire to drink like I did before being pregnant but I do have one here and […]
+"the car they wanted" - The 25/30 or RFC
+The company came out of the Great War in good financial shape. There was a controlled release of surplus 20/25 military cars onto the market and deliveries of the 25/30, that had been produced towards the end of war, restarted to private buyers in February 1919 and continued until 1925. The car was slightly updated with a higher bonnet resulting in a smoother scuttle line to the windscreen. In view of its history it was often referred to as the RFC. This car had royal patronage with examples being supplied to the King George V, the Prince of Wales, the Kings of Spain and Siam and Emperor Hirohito of Japan.
+Several 25/30's were used by the Prince of Wales for his tour of India from November 1921 to March 1922 and also for the tour of South Africa in 1925.
+Two 25/30 chassis with truck bodies were used by Major C Court Treatt and his party to become the first people to drive the length of Africa from the Cape to Cairo. The roofs of the vehicles were designed to come off and be converted into pontoons for crossing rivers. The journey took from September 1924 to December 1926.
+To be closer to their London customers showrooms were opened in Conduit Street in the West End with an office in Berkeley Square and Sir William Letts, the managing director also maintained an office in Pall Mall.
+"a high grade touring car" - the 19.6
+The first new model for the decade came in 1920 with the 3.8 litre 19.6hp designed by TD Wishart who had taken over from Reeves and Wood and was to remain with Crossley until the end of car production. A new feature was a detachable cylinder head on the engine which like all previous models had 4 cylinders. The Motor in 1921 quoted a top gear range of 4 to 64 mph on their test and were very complimentary about its hill climbing abilities. "Light steering, easy gear-changing and comfortable seating" were also noted. In those days acceleration was not tested but fuel consumption was better than 20mpg. It cost £835 for the chassis on which the buyer could specify his own coachwork. Complete cars were also available in a wide range of styles as was usual in small production quality cars of the time. From 1923 4 wheel brakes were available as an option.
+In 1922 one was supplied to the Prince of Wales. The engine was also used in several variants including Kegresse half tracks and six wheelers. One six wheeler was supplied to King George V with a shooting brake body, the chassis is believed to have come from a Crossley commercial or military vehicle and another went to the coachbuilders Barkers who fitted a mobile hunting box body for the Nawab of Bahawalpur. The latter was convertible to either sleeping accommodation or seating for twelve people. A six wheeler saloon car still using the 19.6 engine was displayed at the 1930 motor show.
+Production of the 19.6 continued until 1926 during which time approximately 1150 were made. (Crossley car production records have been lost - all figures quoted here are estimates derived from known chassis numbers). Forty six of these cars are known to survive but some are incomplete.
+"One of the best cars ever produced in England" - the 20/70
+An important variant of the 19.6, announced in September 1922, was the 20/70 sports model that was guaranteed to be good for 75mph which is not bad going for a car weighing 28.5 cwt. The increased performance was achieved by increasing the compression ration from 4.8 to 5.2:1, fitting a high lift camshaft and special valves and a rejetted carburetor. These modifications raised the power from 53 bhp at 3000rpm to 76 bhp at 3200 rpm. Wire wheels for 820 x 120 tyres were usually fitted rather than the artillery ones fitted to the 19.6. It was described by The Motor as "One of the best cars ever produced in England". Prices started at £845 for a two seater. From October 1923 4 wheel 15 inch brakes using the Perrot system were available.
+Possibly as many as 100 were made but only one complete example now survives.
+The racing driver Leon Cushman had two duck egg blue 20/70's which with works assistance won several races at Brooklands in 1924/5. He was timed to lap at over 100mph and held several records including the two way kilometre at 103.42mph.
+"the characteristics of the larger models in a more concentrated form" - the 14hp
+The next new car marked a shift downwards in size with the 2.3 litre 12/14 (from 1925 known simply as the 14hp) model of 1923 which, at a length of 12' 11", was 20 inches shorter than the 19.6. The designation was rather confusing as the actual RAC horsepower rating was 15.6 and the car was sold in Australia and New Zealand as the 15/30. It continued the modernising trend with in-unit engine and 3 speed gearbox and single plate clutch. The Motor tested a saloon model in 1924 with the £15 optional front wheel brakes bringing the overall cost to £575. The very flexible top gear performance from "a crawl" to the unspecified maximum was commented on and it was noted that the gearbox was easy to use with double de-clutching only being required on rapid down changing. They did not however like the way the luggage rack at the rear stuck out even when folded.
+From 1925 an updated version sometimes called the "new 14" appeared with four wheel brakes as standard as well as a slightly greater track and modified front axle. In 1926 The Autocar tested a tourer and were still impressed by top gear flexibility up to a maximum of 54 mph. Petrol consumption was 30mpg. No comment was made about the luggage carrier. It proved a popular model with 5600 being made. Production ceased in 1927.
+There was also in 1923 a design for a 10hp car resembling a scaled down 14. It seems that only one or two were made and it is probable that they were never marketed. It is believed that a two seat tourer version was given to one of the Crossley family daughters.
+"comfortable and refined high speed travel - the 18/50 and 20.9
+1925 saw a real departure with the first 6 cylinder overhead valve engined car, the 2.7 litre 18/50. This was a spacious, smooth running machine but at over 30 cwt rather heavy, so from 1927 was offered with an engine bored out to 3.2 litre and known by its RAC horsepower rating as the 20.9. car used by the Duke to open Parliament in Australia is now in the Australian National collection but not on public display.
+The production of 18/50 and 20.9 models together was about 1500 and the 20.9, later known as the Super Six, was in theory available right up to the end of Crossley car production in 1937. Surviving 18/50's are rare with possibly no more than 8 left, the 20.9 is slightly more fortunate with 28 known.
+"a car for the connoisseur" - the 15.7
+In May 1928 Crossley introduced a lighter (26cwt) 6 cylinder model, the 1990cc 15.7hp which in spite of the smaller engine could still make an indicated 70mph but with an improved 25 mpg fuel consumption. The four speed gearbox allowed a minimum in top gear of around 5 mph and maxima in third gear of 50 mph and second gear of 30 mph. These top speeds represent over 4200rpm, a lot for a road engine in those days, but are claimed in more than one road test. The saloon version cost £550. One of the body styles, the fabric saloon, reintroduced the Shelsey name from pre-war days. At the 1930 Motor Show it was relaunched as the Silver model with modifications to the brakes, gearbox and engine. This version continued in production until 1934. About 1800 were made and 24 are known to survive including eleven in Australia and three in New Zealand
+In 1928 a 2 litre sports model was produced which had all the lines of a classic British sports car of the era. It was built on the same 15.7 chassis but the engine had modified camshaft and induction to give 60+ bhp output as opposed to the standard 45bhp and the radiator was rounded and more Bentley like. It was capable of 77mph and 17.5 seconds from 0-50mph with a fuel consumption of 21 mpg. It cost £625 for the open tourer as against £550 for the 15.7 saloon model. Two cars were entered in the 1930 Monte Carlo Rally starting from John o'Groats. The best one came 6th of the starters from that point.
+"a very, very pleasant little car" - the Crossley Bugatti
+As well as their own cars Crossley also produced 25 type 23 Brescia Bugattis under licence. Crossley Motors owned the London sales operation of Charles Jarrott & Letts Ltd and in 1913 they became the British Empire's sole agency for Bugatti. At the 1921 London Motor it was announced that Crossley would commence manufacture of a British Bugatti. Parts for 25 cars were ordered and 24 were made, the remaining parts being retained for spares. In 1925 the agreement was terminated with no further cars made after the initial batch. Four restored cars and parts of two others survive.
+
+Dr. James Charlesworth is a distinguished member of the faculty at Princeton, and a fellow United Methodist in connection with the Western N.C. Conference. Jim is a friend and I have known him for years, and asked him to do a little Q and A to help clear up some of the misconceptions about the ‘Patio’ or Talpiot B tomb. I think you will find it enlightening. It reminds us that archaeological evidence is often quite ambiguous and equally good scholars can come to different, even diametrically opposite conclusions about the same subject.
+———-
+Q. Professor Charlesworth you were consulted in regard to some of the apparent scripts on the Jewish ossuaries found in Talpiot Tomb B. How exactly did you come to be involved in this project?
+A. First, thanks Ben for inviting me to share my thoughts for the first time. I have been cited only by Journalists who abbreviate any comment; that is their profession and right. Also, a full report will be posted this week in. I supply picture there.
+When I was living in Israel in the summer of 2011, I was invited to see what had been discovered by exploring a tomb un-intrusively via a specially constructed robotic arm with cameras.
+Q. Here is the quotation from the press release, in which you seem to be credited with coming up with the idea that the name Jonah appears in the stick figure (if that’s what it is) on this ossuary. .” My question is— did you first suggest this idea, or did someone suggest it to you? In other words— is this attribution of the idea to you correct?
+A. The attribution to me is correct. On my web site, I show images that prove that the nun is one continuous stroke. Other images have misled some fine scholars.
+Q. What is your position on the notion that Talpiot Tomb B is actually the tomb of Joseph of Arimathea?
+A. I am not convinced. We know too little about this figure who looms so large in our beloved Scriptures.
+I have been convinced that the tomb of Joseph of Arimathea was near the site pointed out as Golgotha since before 350 CE. It is in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher which as clearly outside the walls of Jerusalem in 30 CE, as proved by Jewish tombs in situ and with wooden roofs now (on the floor).
+I think we should avoid the term “impossible.” Let us listen to any informed reflection.
+Q. Do you think that the discoveries in Talpiot Tomb A or B have anything to do with the burial of Jesus of Nazareth?
+A. I find that difficult to believe. My position appears in The Tomb of Jesus and His Family? Exploring Ancient Jewish Tombs Near Jerusalem’s Walls. Eds. James H. Charlesworth and Arthur C. Boulet. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012 (expected publication date is 15 Oct 2012).
+I find it difficult to imagine that Jesus’ bones would have been put in an ugly ossuary with a name that was scribbled so crudely that “Jesus, son of Joseph” would have to appear in any sophisticated work with dots over “Jesus” to signal that the name is a guess. If Jesus’ bones were still on earth one year after his resurrection, they would have been collected and honored by Jews who hailed him as the Messiah, the Christ.
+Let us not forget that the great Professor Eleazar Lipa Sukenik found in a warehouse an elegant ossuary with this clear marking: “Jesus, son of Joseph.”
+Those names were as popular as “John” and “James” today; moreover, we must admit to the existence of at least two men called “Jesus, son of Joseph,” as there are two separate bone boxes.
+Q. Do you agree or disagree with the notion that Jews did not use ossuaries for burials after A.D. 70? What about the ossuaries at Dominus Flevit that seem to be Christian ossuaries from the second century?
+A. It seem clear now that Jews ceased to use ossuaries near Jerusalem after 70 CE. Can we have a decent and informed discussion about the ossuaries at Dominus Flevit? What do we learn from them, and would preconceived ideas hinder open reflections?
+Q. Various scholars have suggested that the object on the ossuary that is called a fish in the Discovery Channel special is actually a nephesh or an amphora? Why do you think it is a fish? Why do you suppose it has the peculiar orientation it does– with the apparent head of the fish pointing down to the bottom of the ossuary, since this does not seem to comport with the Jonah story or Jesus’ use of it?
+A. Description:..
+A Nefesh (a tomb monument that signals the “soul(s)” entombed). Looking at the image on an unpublished ossuary in Rahmani’s Catalogue of Jewish Ossuaries,??
+Any attempt to enter the mind of an engraver in order to discern the intention of an “artist” borders on unsophisticated methodology, frequently speculating with unexamined presuppositions. To discern what it might mean to a viewer is another matter. Both of the attempts so far rightly assume that ossuaries exist with a drawing of a nefesh or an amphora.
+A Fish. If this is a fish, it seems crudely drawn and depicted downward. It may well be a fish, if one imagines an unsophisticated attempt. The shape does seem reflective of a large fish. The head appears pointed and expands outward towards the center and then slopes inward and down to an elongated “tail.” That contour is “fishlike.” The tail seems concave like the tail of a fish; it is well drawn but the appendages are poorly indicated. Could they be a crude attempt to depict the flippers on a big fish? Had the “artist” ever seen a large fish? If this is a drawing of a big fish, where is the eye and where is the mouth? Perhaps the mouth is at the point near “the bottom,” and the eye is a barely visible circle to the left of the “mouth.” We will need better images to prove what some see as a mouth and an eye (but many images of fish have no eye).
+Fish do appear on ossuaries; Rahmani reported that Ossuary 348 had a mark that “seems to represent a fish.” Is this another example of a fish and if so does it merely mean that the one whose.” Is that discussion closed?
+Why has the engraver spent so much time on the lines within the spherical “bottom”? One can count at least 14 strokes. Why? What was imagined?
+It is easy to dismiss the suggestion that someone tried to draw a large fish. The middle section with squares needs explanation. And one should be willing to imagine that the image is really an amphora. Staring at it for long periods can convince one it might be a crude attempt at a nefesh. But, something is intended. We should move beyond what it could possibly be and ask what is the intentionality that created this image?
+All attempts have so far failed to explain why the drawing is upside down. If the Jewish engraver who made this etching had Jonah in mind, then perhaps some answers are forthcoming. According to the biblical author, Jonah was spat out by the “large fish” unto dry land (Jonah 2:11); that could be depicted by placing a fish upside down. Any other angle would mean that “Jonah” was shot into the air.
+Q. Let us suppose for the sake of argument that there is a fish on that ossuary, and it does have the word Jonah on it. Would this suggest to you some connection with Jesus of Nazareth, or rather with an early Jewish Christian follower of Jesus who is in hopes of a resurrection like Jonah and Jesus’? In other words— would the symbolism be a comment on a past resurrection of the one interred, or a hoped for future resurrection of the person whose bones were in that box since the use of the Jonah image in the Roman catacombs is always about a future hoped for resurrection of the deceased?
+A. Do not forget the clear inscription that I translated as referring to YHWH raising up someone.
+What type of Jew would have made this inscription and the drawing?
+A resurrection belief was shared by many early Jews, representing various groups or sects. As I showed in Resurrection: The Origin and Future of a Biblical Doctrine, resurrection belief means that someone who lived and has died will be raised by God to an eternal existence with God.The belief in a resurrection may be found in some Davidic Psalms, but the first lucid (or un-debatable) reference to it appears, perhaps around 200 BCE, in the Books of Enoch (1 Enoch). Then chronologically, the concept appears in Daniel 12. At Qumran, in a document probably not composed at Qumran, the belief clearly appears in On Resurrection (5Q521) and in Pseudo-Ezekiel 54Q385-388). In many works of Early Judaism the belief in a resurrection is evident, including Josephus’ compositions, the Psalms of Solomon, the Life of Adam and Eve, 4 Ezra, 2 Baruch, 2 Enoch, the History of the Rechabites, the Lives of the Prophets, 1-4 Maccabees, Pseudo-Philo, the Apocryphon of Ezekiel, Pseudo-Phocylides, Sibylline Oracles, the Testament of Abraham, the Testament of Job, the Testaments of the 12 Patriarchs, the Apocryphon of Ezekiel, and the Odes of Solomon. The belief in the resurrection is also found in the Didache, the Hellenistic Synagogal Prayers, and the Amida or 18 Benedictions. According to Hippolytus (but not Josephus), the Essenes believed in the resurrection of the flesh (Haeresies 9.27).The Samaritans believe that God will summon “his creatures” so that all of them will “arise in one moment before him (Memar Markah 4.12; cf. also Yom ad-Din 26). Moreover, the concept of a bodily resurrection created and defined the Palestinian Jesus Movement; according to Paul if Jesus was not raised by God then “our proclamation is in vain and your faith is in vain” (1Cor 15:14). Without any doubt, the concept of resurrection (far more than a belief in a coming Messiah) brings into perspective the shared beliefs and hopes within Early Judaism.
+Are the inscription and the drawing not to be perceived within Jewish resurrection beliefs? It is as absurd to dismiss the possibility that this tomb has some relation with the Palestinian Jesus Movement as to claim that it clearly must be labeled a “Christian” tomb. Emotions are too enflamed by such unscholarly outbursts.
+Finally, we Christians do not need any proof or support for our commitment to God through Jesus Christ, but we should find inviting the enlightening reflections in windows provided by the Talpiot Patio Tomb. Through them, we may see more clearly the world that shaped the lives and beliefs of luminaries like the Righteous Teacher, Hillel, John the Baptizer, Jesus, Peter, Gamaliel, Paul, and Stephen. What are we now learning about Jewish resurrection faith before the burning of the Temple in 70 CE?
+Follow Patheos
+Evangelical:
+- Design
+Design Article
+Understanding user interface design rules - Part 1: Task analysis and conceptual model
+Jeff Johnson
+3/21/2011 12:30 PM EDT
+An optional but sometimes useful step in designing an interactive system is to illustrate its conceptual model as a matrix of objects and actions. Objects are listed down the left edge; actions are listed across the top (see Fig. 11.2). For now, we are ignoring the object type hierarchy and simply listing the objects. The more objects, the taller the matrix; the more actions, the wider.
+Constructing an objects/actions matrix lets you visualize the simplicity or complexity of your interactive system's conceptual model. The larger the matrix, the more concepts there are to learn. A tall matrix indicates many objects to master. A wide one indicates many actions to learn. The matrix also illustrates how consistent or inconsistent the conceptual model is - how easy it is for users to transfer what they have learned about one part of the system to another.
+A small, dense matrix indicates a design that will be easy to learn: few objects, few actions, and the operations on every type of object are the same (see Fig. 11.3A). For example, the conceptual objects in a simple drawing program would be graphical elements: lines, ellipses, arcs, rectangles, triangles, text labels, etc. The applicable actions on graphical objects would presumably be create, delete, view/edit attributes, move, copy, resize, rotate, flip, etc. The objects/actions matrix for such a simple drawing application would have a row for each object type and a column for each action. All the actions would apply to every object type, so the matrix would be densely packed, like that in Figure 11.3A.
+A large, sparse matrix reflects an inconsistent design that will be hard to learn and remember because every conceptual object has different actions (see Fig. 11.3B). Such a design will be hard to learn and remember, no matter what user interface is plastered on it.
+A good rule of thumb is to simplify the conceptual model so that the matrix representing it is as small and dense as possible. However, a small matrix reflects limited functionality. Achieving a small matrix is difficult when the application is anything more functional than, say, a simple drawing program, a personal phone directory, or a Web site for looking up postage rates. Consider, for example, the objects and actions an intensive-care patient-monitoring system would have. Even a typical word processing application - e.g., Microsoft Word or Apple Pages - embodies a nontrivial array of conceptual objects and actions.
+However, for any desired functionality, a designer can develop conceptual models of varying complexity. For example, most personal bank account tracking applications have similar functionality, but Intuit's Quicken has an ultra-simple conceptual model, which may be one reason that it is so popular. Software designers should just aim for the simplest conceptual model (with the most compact objects/ actions matrix) for the required functionality.
+Although easy-to-learn, easy-to-use systems often have small, dense object/action matrices, they can have other matrix configurations as well. Consider an application in which all functionality is accessed through five or six generic actions that apply to all objects. Such a system could have a large number of objects without much negative impact on learnability, because all objects operate in a totally consistent way. The object/action matrix for such a system, although tall, would be narrow and dense.
+This approach has been used to design some highly functional systems, such as the Xerox Star office workstation (Johnson et al., 1989). In Star, the same six commands - move, copy, open, delete, show properties, and copy properties - applied to all objects: characters, words, paragraphs, table rows, tables, charts, email messages, documents, folders, printers, etc.
+If we include the object type hierarchy in the matrix, we can see another sort of conceptual model that is easy to learn: one in which objects fall into clear categories, each one having its own actions, perhaps with a few actions that apply to all objects (see Fig. 11.4). The matrix for such a model isn't small or dense, but it also isn't scattered. It has a regularity and consistency that aid learning and retention.
+An example would be a real estate service offering both commercial and residential properties, with different actions for each as well as actions that apply to both types of properties.
+I regard creating an objects/actions matrix as an optional design step for two reasons:
+- Experienced interaction designers rarely need to actually draw the matrix to know whether the conceptual model underlying their design is simple or complex, consistent or inconsistent.
+- Usability testing can reveal aspects of an application's conceptual model that designers did not know needed to be simplified.
+It may be enough for designers, as they design the conceptual model for an application, to imagine what its objects/actions matrix would look like if they drew it.
+The goal is to devise a conceptual model that is task-focused, as simple as possible, and as consistent as possible. From such a model, one can design a user interface for it that minimizes the time and experience required for using the application to become automatic.
+Keystroke consistency
+When a designer moves from conceptual design to actual user interface design, keystroke-level consistency becomes important.
+Keystroke-level consistency is harder to illustrate and measure, but it is at least as important as conceptual consistency in determining how quickly the operation of an interactive system becomes automatic. The goal is to foster the growth of what is often called "muscle memory," meaning motor habits.
+Achieving keystroke-level consistency requires standardizing the physical actions for all activities of the same type. An example of a type of activity is editing text. Keystroke-level consistency for text editing requires the keystrokes (and pointer movements) to be the same regardless of the context in which text is being edited - documents, form fields, filenames, etc. Other types of activities for which keystroke-level consistency is desirable are opening documents, following links, choosing from a menu, choosing from a displayed set of options, clicking buttons, scrolling a display, etc.
+A system that is inconsistent at the keystroke level does not let people quickly fall into "muscle memory" motor habits but, rather, keeps them guessing about what keystrokes to use in each context, even when contexts differ only slightly.
+A common way that developers promote keystroke-level consistency is to follow look-and-feel standards. Such standards can be presented in style guides or they can be built into common user interface construction tools and component sets. Style guides exist for the entire industry and they exist separately for desktop software (Apple Computer, 2009; Microsoft Corporation, 2009) and Web design (Koyani, Bailey, & Nall, 2006). Ideally, companies also have internal style guides that augment the industry style guides to define a look and feel for their own products.
+However conventions are encapsulated, the goal is to stick to conventions at the keystroke level while perhaps innovating at the conceptual and task levels. We as designers really don't want our software's users to have to keep thinking about their keystroke-level actions as they work, and users don't want to think about them either.
+Printed with permission from Morgan Kaufmann, a division of Elsevier. Copyright 2010. "Designing with the mind in mind: A simple guide to understanding user interface design rules" by Jeff Johnson. For more information about this title and other similar books, please visit.
+Bibliography:
+Apple Computer (2009). Apple human interface guidelines. developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/AppleHIGuidelines
+Beyer, H., & Holtzblatt, K. (1997). Contextual design: A customer-centered approach to systems design. Morgan-Kaufmann Publishers.
+Card, S. (1996). Pioneers and settlers: Methods used in successful user interface design. In M. Rudisill, C. Lewis, P. Polson, & T. McKay (Eds.), Human-computer interface design: Success cases, emerging methods, real-world context. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.
+Hackos, J., & Redish, J. (1998). User and task analysis for interface design. New York: Wiley.
+Johnson, J. (2007). GUI bloopers 2.0: Common user interface design don'ts and dos. San Francisco, CA: Morgan-Kaufmann Publishers.
+Johnson, J., & Henderson, A. (2002). Conceptual models: Begin by designing what to design. Interactions, 25 – 32.
+Johnson, J., Roberts, T., Verplank, W., Smith, D. C., Irby, C., Beard, M., & Mackey, K. (1989). The xerox star: A retrospective. IEEE Computer, September, 11 – 29.
+Koyani, S. J., Bailey, R. W., & Nall, J. R. (2006). Research-based web design and usability guidelines. US Department of Health and Human Services. Website: usability.gov/pdfs/guidelines.html.
+Microsoft Corporation (2009), Windows User Experience Interaction Guidelines:. msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa511258.aspx
+Norman, D. A., & Draper, S. W. (1986). User centered system design: New perspectives on human – computer interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: CRC.
+Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: 1. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review, 84, 1 – 66.
+Luis Sanchez
+3/29/2011 5:00 PM EDT
+This is a very interesting topic. A lot of psychology and human factors go in to this.
+The introduced technics must be just a slice of what the hole book has to offer since I bet there's some craftmanship involved when designing UI and that is in touch with the creative side of the designer. I wonder who the best designers are and where are they? Apple?
+Though UI isn't just of looks and feels but also related with functionality and operability... that's not artistry... Looks like technology and art, psychology and science melt together in the design of User interfaces... cool don't you think?!
+Thursday, March 26, 2009
+I'm Too Old For This.
+Monday, March 23, 2009
+Late Bloomers and Spring Showers
+Yes, little no name kitty (he's stuck with this until I settle on a more manly moniker) stuck his tuchas in my face the other night and made me realize in no uncertain terms that pink is not his color. In amongst all that black fur was the unmistakable presence of two tiny peanuts.
+Now I'm stuck with all this cute little pink cat stuff. Oh well. What will they know? Jake seems to like sleeping on the pink blankie more than the others anyway.
+As for names, I'm considering Reggie (for Reggie Jackson), or Ripken (for Cal--and I can call him Rippy.) I've had other cats named for baseball players before--Mickey was named for Mickey Mantle and Tommy was named for Tommy John. I am also considering Sinjin, which was the name of a character in a book I read a while back. Don't ask me the name of the book because I've read a few hundred since then. All I can remember is that the character lost a limb, but the name's always appealed to me.
+Opinions on this matter are most welcome.
+Well, I'm off to get some more flowers planted in the ground. Hopefully I can get done before any rain gets here.
+Thursday, March 19, 2009
+And Then There Were Three (Again)
+met.
+Thursday, March 12, 2009
+Jake Goes Shopping
+I.
+Stewart vs CNBC (via Cramer).)
+Wednesday, March 11, 2009
+I Am a DIY Queen!
+This evening I installed my brand new dishwasher all by myself. Despite Jake's attempts to assist. (Right now he's chewing on my laptop!) In the two hours it took me to complete the job, I spent the majority of it moving him out of the way and trying to convince him that plumbing is not his strong suit. He got locked in the bedroom finally when, as I was lying in the floor trying to attach the water hose underneath the dishwasher, he walked up to my face and bit me on the lips! He latched on like a badger and wouldn't let go. Now, I admit that I wouldn't mind looking like Angelina Jolie, but this is not the way to go. Thankfully he didn't break the skin, but my lips swelled up like I'd been stung by a bee.
+Once I slammed the bedroom door with him on the other side, I finally managed to get the dishwasher installed in peace and ran a load of dishes. Aaahh, clean plates and silverware. Not to mention the quiet. My old dishwasher was so loud I had to leave the house when it was on. This one can barely be heard outside the kitchen. Love it!
+Thankfully the lip bite was my only injury. I didn't electrocute myself, nor did I cause a flood. The thing is even level (finally.) Jake helped make up for his perfidy by sleeping in my arms while I watched Role Models. Then he and Sam played chase through the living room and leapt over my head several times when they raced over the couch.
+Was it just last week that things were quiet around here?
+Catching Up and Introducing a New Character
+Little Jake's three months old and was rescued from the SPCA. It has been a looooong time since I've had a kitten and it is taking some getting used to. The amount of energy he expends could power New York City. And he's a biter. We're working on that one. Other than that, he's a sweet kid who loves to cuddle--when he slows down for a couple of seconds. I woke up Sunday morning with him cuddled against my shoulder. Right now he's trying to get Sam to play chase and Sam just gives him the disgruntled older sibling look. Now he knows how Turtle and Tommy felt!
+Comedic Intellectualism
+Jon Stewart, despite being a "comic" is actually a very well-respected (at least in my peer group) interviewer and commentator on political and social issues. This man is well-educated with one of the sharpest minds I've seen. I don't have to look up his bio to find out what college he went to and what degrees he earned to know that. The intelligence he wields during his interviews is high above most of what I see on cable news. And his humor is always the right touch. Screaming "F*** You!" after rolling clips of errors in information presented by the MSM is merely an echo of what the rational-thinking world is saying. Making us laugh while doing this is just a bonus and let's face it, with the world today, we need a good laugh.
+This week's "Daily Show" is really turning into a must-watch. CNBC's Jim Cramer should have just kept his trap shut and moved on after being exposed for his idiocy. Or better yet, made a promise to do better. Instead, he chose to go to battle with a comic with a "variety show."
+Oooohhhh, not the words to use, man. You have opened the tiger's cage and smacked it on the butt.
+Cramer has to rely on props and sound effects to try to get laughs. He is so off-putting that I can't believe anyone actually watches him, much less acts on the stock "advice" he gives. So what if he once started his own hedge fund. He's a stock market weatherman. Just like meteorologists and weather "persons" who study all they want, most of the time they don't get it right. (And if you'll notice they really rely heavily on technologically advanced radar to actually track storms.) You yourself can read the papers and study the stock market and do just as well--if not better--than he does.
+To give Cramer credit, he is going on the "Daily Show" this Thursday to go head-to-head with Stewart. From the LA Times' Matea Gold: "The sardonic comedian and kinetic former hedge fund manager may make for an odd match-up. But the tussle between the two television personalities reflects a larger debate raging about whether the media did an adequate job covering the lead-up to the recession."
+Tuesday, March 10, 2009
+Another New Toy
+I definitely learned my lesson about buying cheap shit. In less than a year, my old bag has fallen apart to a point where it's just an embarrassment. I was this close to using duct tape to hold it together.
+Thanks to Fred and Dora at our local pro shop for helping me choose a better quality bag. (Plus, it has more pockets!! Yee!!) I love those two. There's not much in their shop they haven't tried themselves. I really like watching Dora get excited about trying out a new ball. And hearing Fred bemoan losing to her in a tournament.
+I Can't Get this Out of My Head!
+Monday, March 9, 2009
+Where Am I?*)
+Saturday, March 7, 2009
+Dana's Goat Milk Soap
+Here.)
+Friday, March 6, 2009
+No. 2 No-No
+Anyhow, I might be a bit late to the party on this one, since I have found this product reviewed on several sites, but I was introduced to Poo-Pouri yesterday while visiting with Celesta at Nole's General Store in downtown Denton.
+According to their site, Poo-Pourri is a mixture of essential oils that you spray on the surface of the water in the toilet before you "do your business." It forms a barrier that traps those gnarly smells so your true purpose in the bathroom is not given away. No more "courtesy flushes" you might say.
+It has a light citrusy scent that doesn't overwhelm and is very pleasant and subtle.
+I have to say, even without having used it (yet), that it's a great alternative to that coconut-scented stuff my aunt has in her bathroom. It's a dead giveaway to the family and the poor soul exiting the restroom is typically subjected to the teasing question "been making pina coladas in there?"
+Now, a little spritz of Poo-Pourri, and for all they know, you've just been reapplying a little body spray. Comes in a 2 oz. travel size so you can tuck it into your purse as well as a larger 4 oz. They've also added other scents to their line.
+Even though most will look at this as a novelty product, it's still a fantastic concept. And as you know, girls don't poo. And we don't sweat, either.
+Happy Birthday!
+So, as my gift to you, my dear friend, I promise not to remind you that you're still older than me and that next year's the big 5-0.
+Well, I promise not to say that out loud. Cyberspace is another matter.
+And oh yeah, I beat the pants off you in bowling this week. :-p
+Love you, my sister. Happy Birthday. What time are we going to Carino's for lunch?
+Say It Ain't So Jo(nas)!
+The.
+Thursday, March 5, 2009
+We've Synergized your R.I.F.
+They do quite well at distracting us from what they're really doing as we try to figure out what they mean. (Picture a group of lay people standing around a dictionary scratching their heads while the money-grubbing CEOs walk out the door with cartfuls of cash.)
+Now those who create these ridiculous things have come up with a new one: R.I.F. As in "reduction in force." As in, we laid his ass off. It's also used as a verb--"they rif'd 10 people today."
+Notice how close it is to R.I.P.?
+Earlier this decade, a whole bunch of us were laid off. For the most part people who are laid off expect to be called back to work at some point. I knew I wasn't going to get called back because the job I had at the time just flat out left town. But those airline pilots and flight attendants had a good shot at returning to their jobs.
+Reduction in force couches the whole bloody mess in comfier terms. In my opinion, it sounds better in the press release--"because of the economy, we had to reduce our force by 10 percent." You're so busy thinking "aww, that poor company--they're struggling so hard to stay in business" that you miss the point--2000 people just got canned.
+Tricky bastards.
+I hope they at least got copies of Who Moved My Cheese? as they were escorted out the door so they had something to fill their sudden amount of free time. (For those of you who don't know the book, it was pretty popular back in 2001 when I was laid off and was recommended by all those outplacement firms who "helped" us find other jobs. The author must have made a mint giving cheesy advice on how to deal with change, especially since there's now a version for teens.)
+Wednesday, March 4, 2009
+A Few Shots of Sam
+Helping with the laundry (note the dryer sheet)...
+Tuesday, March 3, 2009
+I'm Lazy. So What?
+Anyway....
+Things are hectic around the house. At last count, I had 1456 projects going at once (give or take a few hundred.) I can't manage to complete anything, so the living room floor is only 1/10th of the way redone (went with Carribbean Cherry flooring!), the kitchen is unclean, there's something growling at me from the depths of the refrigerator, a dirty sock grabbed me around the ankle and tried to pull me into the hamper, and the dining room table is lost under a pile of paper and unsolicited fliers. Not to mention Sam being a pest every time I actually try to do something! And I still haven't managed to watch the X-Files movie I borrowed from Bec--but somehow I had time to watch Norbit twice this weekend. ("O00hhh, I'm slidin'!") Go figure.
+Yeah, yeah. I know. How can I be so far behind when I have no husband or kids to take care of? It's a mystery. Having to distract Sam every few minutes to stop him from destroying what's left of the house takes up a lot of time and energy. He behaves better when I sit down with him on the couch and let him curl up in my lap to sleep. Heaven forbid I try to get up and do anything while he sleeps, though! Spoiled rotten little spawn of Satan.
+I think it's time we started looking for a little brother or sister for him to play with just so I can keep some sanity.
+ age of 79 and during his life he has done more that you could imagine.
+He was the 34th President of the United States, a five-star general in the United States Army , the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during World War II, Army Chief of Staff, the president of Columbia University, and the first Supreme Commander of NATO.
+He managed to launch programs that developed the Interstate Highway System in the United States, launch the Internet, authorize NASA and the Atomic Energy Act – the agreement of the peaceful use of alternative energy sources.
+Still, he didn’t forget to enjoy his time golfing and oil painting.
+How did he do it? How did he manage to keep being productive for hours, weeks, months, and even decades?
+The answer:
+He used a time management system. A system which now, unashamedly, is called the Eisenhower Matrix.
+What is time management?
+It’s not squeezing in as many tasks as possible, for sure.
+It’s about simplifying your work and relieving the pressure, so that at the end of the day you take a well-deserved rest and enjoy your time with people you care about.
+I know that there are times that I avoid answering the difficult question: “Do I actually have to do this?” to remain busy rather than face the effort to eliminate a task that I am comfortable with. And the research has shown that nowadays it is a common problem. It’s not the best use of our time, though.
+The day has enough hours for everything you’d like to do.
+It’s just about rearranging and re-imagining your time.
+Eisenhower Matrix
+As Tim Ferriss says, “Being busy is a form of laziness — lazy thinking and indiscriminate action.”
+The Eisenhower Matrix is used by scholars, entrepreneurs, students and, in general, people who want to master their time management, task management and productivity skills.
+Want to find out how it works?
+Separate your activities between (un)important and (un)urgent ones.
+How do you distinguish urgent from insignificant?
+Urgent activities need prompt action, and are very often associated with achieving someone else’s goals. They are usually the ones we focus on, because their consequences are immediate.
+These could include: responding to emails, phone calls, texts, new stories.
+What about important or meaningless actions?
+Follow the words of Brett McKay, “Important tasks are things that contribute to our long-term mission, values, and goals.”
+Now think about that.
+What is your long-term mission?
+Is it getting to know a new language? Getting a promotion? Establishing your own company?
+Focus on that and prioritize the activities that bring you closer to your goal.
+Do, Decide, Delegate, 
+There are 4 easy steps.
+Let’s slice and dice each one of them.
+Do the tasks that are urgent and important immediately. Things like writing an article.
+Decide to reschedule the tasks that are important, but not urgent. This can include exercising, calling with your family and friends, and researching articles.
+Delegate tasks that are urgent, but not important. These are tasks that prevent you from achieving your goals. Do you remember the last moment you were totally immersed in your assignment and your colleague asked you for a favour? Respect your time. And values.
+Delete tasks that are neither urgent nor important. Avoid activities like checking social media, watching television or sorting through junk mail.
+What is in your boxes?
+Need any help with managing that?
+Apply the 80/20 rule.
+The 80/20 Rule
+This method was named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who noticed that 80% of income in Italy was gained by 20% of the Italian population.
+The outcome is that most of the results come from a small number of causes.
+But how should you distinguish 20 percent from 30 or 40 percent?
+Well, what if I told you that you don’t have to.
+Pareto explains that this is very rough estimation of the percentage. The ratio of 80/20 may be easily converted into a 99/1 rule.
+The most crucial thing to understand is the fact that there are certain activities in your life (those 20 percent) that account for the majority of your output and happiness (the 80 percent).
+What do I understand by output and happiness?
+The output brings you closer to your goals, and helps you accomplish your long-term mission.
+In my case it’s writing.
+I create content for my company. I write Facebook posts, design maps and brochures, and describe the travelling destinations we go to.
+As a hobby I contribute to the content of Why Not 3. I follow the ways of Neil Patel. Where writing an article includes establishing the Core Concept, creating the Ideas, building an Outline, Writing, Editing and, in the end, adding the Bells & Whistles[1]. It’s a great learning process and, with the course of every article, I get to get closer to my long-term mission.
+The path of writing an article helps me to master my writing skills and implement this knowledge into the Polish Globetrotters blog, where I share the message of travelling on a student budget.
+The activities that I don’t enjoy take much more time and energy from me. The logistic part of the trips are not enjoyable because it takes me ages to arrange the formalities and prepare all documents. Compared to the benefits I get, the inefficiency isn’t worth it.
+The 80/20 can be definitely applied to most aspects of your working and business life.
+You should focus on happiness and satisfaction. In the end, those are your primary concerns[2].
+How to achieve your long-term mission?
+Plan your goal
+Take your time and think what you want to achieve in the next 5 years. Ask yourself:
+– What do you want to accomplish until the end of the year?
+– What do you have to finish by Friday evening?
+Now write it down in a SMART way.
+SMART Goal Setting is very often attributed to Peter Drucker’s[3] Management by Objectives concept.
+SMART stands for:
+Specific (simple, sensible, significant)
+Measurable (meaningful, motivating)
+Achievable (agreed, attainable)
+Relevant (reasonable, realistic and resourced, results-based)
+Time bound (time-based, time limited, time/cost limited, timely, time-sensitive)
+Take your time to set your long-term SMART objectives.
+In my case those include:
+By the end of the year I will have worked as a Zumba instructor.
+By the end of the year I will have achieved C1 proficiency in German.
+By the end of the year I will have get a 1000 Likes on the Polish Globetrotter Fanpage and 1500 on Why not 3 one.
+Now transfer those long-term objectives into short-term ones.
+How can you do it? Setting them in a SMART way.
+Let’s focus on the language.
+By the end of this year I want to master my German skills. What do I have to do to accomplish that? I take baby-steps.
+Don’t throw yourself in the deep end. You will get frustrated, demotivated and burned out.
+Divide it into quarters.
+Let’s begin there.
+First Quarter: In the next 3 months I will have understood German songs.
+Second Quarter: In the next 6 months I will have read the news in German.
+Third Quarter: In the next 9 months I will have been able to lead a normal conversation.
+Final Quarter: In the next 12 months I will have been able to lead a business conversation.
+How do we achieve the short-terms? By setting tasks.
+Task: Listen and translate the albums of Mark Forster and Max Giesinger.
+Task: Read one article a day.
+Task: Attend the Language Café and move to Germany.
+Task: Attend business meetings.
+Commit to it. Be resolute. Be professional. Be passionate about it and follow through.
+And imagine how the accomplishment of your objectives will look, sound and feel like.
+Schedule
+According to the Entrepreneur there are only three ways to spend time: thoughts, conversations and actions. Bear in mind that 20 percent of your thoughts, conversations and activities contribute to 80 percent of your results[4].
+Schedule appointments with yourself; create time boxes for high-priority thoughts, conversations, and actions. And keep to these appointments.
+Get an early start.
+Take the first 10 minutes of your day to plan it.
+Set the timing.
+Don’t laze around thinking that you are doomed to this project until it’s done.
+Don’t drive yourself into crazy perfectionism.
+Think instead that you are going to focus and work on this for the next 2 hours.
+Have a visibly placed clock before you. This keeps you aware of the passing time.
+The time limitation will push you to be more efficient. Even if it means that you would have to go back and improve it later.
+Remember your deadlines.
+Mark them, so that you know when you need to finish your tasks.
+Get to know which method works the best for you.
+Do you like working under time pressure? Or do you prefer giving yourself time before the deadline?
+For example, my best friend has a tendency to send her applications an hour before the final deadline. She always gets it in.
+Find out your way and take advantage of it.
+Use Google Calendar.
+Let me show you how mine looks like?
+My Daily Tasks
+Use colors if you like. I do.
+Green boxes are the ones connected to my development. Language, writing skills and overall knowledge.
+Blue is the color of my company. Then, the tasks are ordered by my manager and my role is to complete the most important task first. When I finish the most crucial ones, I can move on to other things.
+Red-ish symbolizes my “me-time”. This is the time I take a rest, have a chat with my colleagues, dance the stress away, play some ukulele and have a conversation with my best friend.
+Turn your key tasks into habits.
+I acquired a manner of waking up early and starting my day with a batch of German words.
+It became my positive daily routine that is the natural and enjoyable part of my day[5].
+Leave downtime between your tasks
+After ticking of this task box, wait for a second.
+Breath, take a look what you’ve done and appreciate it.
+Allow yourself for a mini break to recharge and refocus.
+That’s the best way to tackle the undertaking that is at either end of the spectrum – either too difficult or too easy. Use short breaks to reward yourself and keep going. It could be some drinks, some food, a conversation, playing with your dog, or a brisk walk.
+Take advantage of your waiting time
+Draft an article in a subway, train or a bus.
+Make calls during your drive to work.
+Catch up with news waiting at the boarding gate before the flight.
+Read a book on the treadmill.
+Listen to German, Spanish or French songs while you bike and practice your language skills.
+Watch a TEDx speech whilst brushing your teeth.
+Study for your economics exam in a waiting room.
+We tend to complain about time we waste at the doctors, during transportation or in governmental institutions. Don’t. Once again, take advantage of it.
+Focus
+Forget about multitasking.
+The most recent neuroscience research proves that we are not as awesome at multitasking as we thought we were.
+Our brain doesn’t perform the tasks simultaneously. It rather switches the stop/start button between them.
+Rather than saving time, it costs us energy[6].
+Focus on one key task at a time.
+Block out distractions.
+Put your phone away, out of your sight and on flight mode. Try not to answer calls or e-mails.
+You don’t have to immediately devote your attention to people, unless it’s unquestionably important in your business.
+Set a time to respond to them.
+Close off your time wasters. Stop checking your Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram or email. Pin them off from your bookmarks.
+If you use them for generating your business, schedule the updates. You don’t have to have your attention continuously dragged by them.
+Identify anything that drains your time and energy. These could include technology, workflow, systems or people.
+And take them, one by one. Try to fix, change, or address them to get more time[7].
+Value your time, and people around you will do the same.
+Learn to say “no”.
+You don’t have to take part in every project, help your colleague in every second task or go to clubs every Thursday.
+At one point you need to reject some of the offers and decline the opportunities.
+Focus on the commitments you know you will find time for and you truly care about.
+Create a system.
+Store your document in one place. Name and mark them.
+Use an organizer. Manage your projects, to-do lists, information and other miscellaneous items.
+Unsubscribe from the email lists you don’t care about.
+Batch related tasks together. First write your 3 essays, and then make 2 videos. Don’t juggle different tasks. Allow your mind to focus on the current zone instead.
+Let the time management apps help you out.
+Use an egg Timer to count down the time[8].
+Set your goals, check your productivity reports and weekly summary emails, and block the sites to maximise your productivity with RescueTime.
+Track your time management with the help of Toggl or Yast.
+Consider Hootsuite or Buffer to manage your social media accounts.
+Save engaging articles with Feedly, Pocket, or Evernote and read them later on.
+Store your passwords on LastPass, where you can secure and keep tabs of all your confidential information.
+Work with templates for all assignments created in the same way. Use them for your presentations, spreadsheets, emails or articles.
+The system will manage your time and boost your productivity[9].
+Remember that enjoyment is the goal. Work could be play.
+“People who end up as ‘first’ don’t actually set out to be first. They set out to do something they love.”
+– Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. Secretary of State
+Don’t get caught by your agenda so much that you forget to truly enjoy what you do.
+Spend more time appreciating what you’re working on.
+This could sound like a pipe dream. I used to think that work is about earning money. And that’s it. You go to your job, you do what you have to do, you earn money and then, afterhours you might enjoy your time on spending it.
+At this point I’ve performed various jobs. I used to pick fruits, I worked in the kitchen, as a waitress, as a hostess of Sushi Burritos… Once, during my travels, completely broke, I even found a cleaning position offer, which saved my travelling budget.
+The goal used to be simple: To earn money. That’s it.
+Well, not exactly.
+When I moved to a new city I struggled finding a job. In one restaurant I was kicked out after an hour, because I messed up an order.
+My goal changed. People changed me. Their stories, their passion, and their outlooks.
+I joined Venture Café – the place where every Thursday a bunch of cool people meet: entrepreneurs, students, investors, start-ups… That’s the spot where I had some of the most engaging conversations in my life.
+My closest people are the greatest inspiration to me. Talks with my boyfriend, best friend or my parents keep me going and make me strive for more.
+Right now I work at a company that organizes student-budget trips.
+What do I do there?
+I travel, write, talk with partners. I totally follow my passion and every day brings more excitement.
+Once again, find out what you enjoy the most, start doing it, master and enjoy it.
+Also take time to rest.
+Find your getaway.
+Implement the Silent Day into your calendar.
+Take breaks during your weekend, and enjoy your time with your loved ones.
+Stay present in the moment. Don’t think about your concerns at work or your tasks for tomorrow. Enjoy, right here right now.
+Action and inaction should both play key roles in our lives. Discovering time in your life for silence and non-motion reduces anxiety and shows you that there is no need to constantly rush. It also makes it easier to find your work pleasurable[10].
+Conclusion
+Time management is about simplifying your work and relieving your pressure, so that at the end of the day you’re able to take a well-deserved rest and enjoy your time with people you care about.
+Follow the Eisenhower Matrix to do things that contribute to your mission, decide when to spend time on important but not urgent activities, delegate the ones that prevent you from achieving your goal and delete the time-wasters.
+Plan your goals and schedule tasks that are aligned towards it, focus on them and remember to enjoy your well-managed time and the outcomes.
+Do you have other time management hacks?
+Let me know!
+Thank you,
+Weronika Naklicka,
+Premium Blogger of Why not 3
+–
+Sources:
+[1] Neil Patel. Neil Patel. n.d..
+[2] Yaro Starak. Entrepreneurs Journey. n.d..
+[3] Drucker, Peter. Mind Tools. n.d..
+[4] Entrepreneur. n.d..
+[5] Jordan Bates. Refine the Mind. 2012.
+[6] Nancy K. Napier. Psychology Today. 2014..
+[7] Frances Booth. Forbes. n.d. forbes.com/sites/francesbooth/2014/06/19/productivity-tips/#2e0226c331a3
+[8] Leon Ho. Lifehack. 2017.
+[9] Larry Kim. Inc. 2015..
+[10] Dr.Rajan Pandey. „The Book of Life: A Journey of Self-Discovery.” Notion Press, 2016.
+As the trial against a man accused of making a religiously aggravated attack against Celtic manager Neil Lennon continues, Judith Townend examines the Scottish bill intended to legislate against sectarianism and offensive behaviour at football matches
+Scotland’s Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications Bill was originally going to be rushed through Holyrood as an emergency bill ahead of the new football season, but it was challenged in the courts in June. As the politicians reconvene to consider the sectarianism bill, a former senior policeman and the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland last week called on the government to postpone the legislation.
+The Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs, Roseanna Cunningham, introduced the bill as a “a clear signal to the police, the courts, the football authorities and the clubs, and to the fans and the wider public, that offensive and sectarian behaviour around football matches is simply not acceptable. It is time to end this blight on our national game.”
+Celtic supporters are traditionally associated with Catholicism and Irish nationalism; fans of Rangers have historic connections with Northern Ireland Protestants and British Unionism. Football chants and songs are often linked to the teams’ supposed Catholic/nationalist and Protestant/unionist divide.
+The historically antagonistic relationship between the Celtic and Rangers teams — known collectively as the “Old Firm” — is well known, but observers are divided about its role in religious sectarianism.
+The new bill comes in the wake of several football-related incidents: in March, Ally McCoist, Rangers’ assistant manager, and Celtic manager Neil Lennon clashed outside the tunnel, following a match in which three players were sent off. Thirty-four fans were arrested in the ground. In the same month, suspected bombs were sent to the Celtic manager Neil Lennon and two supporters of the club, MSP Trish Godman and Paul McBride QC.
+The proposed legislation, a direct response to these events, will cover abusive behaviour in the stadium, pub and online. The maximum prison sentence would be increased from six months to five years. After the bill passed the first stage, it was successfully delayed in late June, following concerns that various issues had not been properly thought through.
+Cause for concern?
+The Lord Advocate, Frank Mulholland, has tried to assuage concerns about the bill’s implications for freedom of expression by emphasising that facts, circumstances and context determine the offence, but club supporters and civil liberties activists are not persuaded.
+Kevin Rooney, a Celtic-supporting teacher, has sympathy for chanting as it is a part of fans’ identity and has “no real substance, in regards to events in Northern Ireland”.
+“Old firm fans are becoming the whipping boys for a new breed of intolerance masquerading as anti-sectarianism and this new law is the epitome of this new illiberalism.”
+Rooney doesn’t have a problem with anti-Catholic chants sung by Rangers fans either. “If you go to a football match you have to have a thick skin”.
+“I’m not saying it’s nice, but it’s life.”
+Fans should be allowed to be offensive and sometimes Celtic and Ranger supporters “want the right not to like each other”, he says.
+The rivalry has no real significance, in Rooney’s view: the fans go home to intermixed communities and the outcry about football-related sectarian violence is in “inverse proportion to its reality”.
+In fact, he claims, there is desire among Celtic fans, who “don’t want to let the club down”, to appear respectable.
+The proposed bill is simply part of a “moral panic” instigated by “middle-class do-gooders”, Rooney argues. What’s more, he says, the shape of the legislation has not been properly considered.
+His view is supported by Dr Stuart Waiton, sociology and criminology lecturer at the University of Abertay Dundee, and founder of civil liberties blog Take A Liberty (Scotland), who believes certain behaviour at football matches has been wrongly conflated with violent acts.
+Writing on The Free Society site, he argues “the Football Bill itself often reads as rather unworldly in its attempts to connect all sorts of social problems and incidents, like domestic violence or the sending of mail bombs, with the chanting of songs at football matches.
+“By doing this, time and again the idea that, ‘we must stamp out this sectarianism’ can be repeated almost as a mantra, without any real clarity about what we are talking about.”
+Waiton, supported by Rooney and others, has launched a petition against the Bill , with over 1,450 signatures at the time of writing. Waiton’s concern is that the new law will have wider repercussions for the culture of Scotland, “where a form of speech strait jacket will be further tightened”.
+Beyond religious hatred
+Other critics raise different concerns. Tim Hopkins, director of the Equality Network, was initially worried by the speed at which the bill was being rushed through; the bill’s subsequent extension has allowed his organisation time to conduct a small survey about the its remit.
+In his view, the legislation repeats what is already in place under the common law offence of breach of the peace, but it could still provide a useful function, he says. “The value of the bill is to have [the law] clearly stated.” It will “make it easier for police to police [hatred],” he adds. “There can be value in codifying crime into legislation.”
+Lilian Edwards, professor of e-governance at Strathclyde University, agrees that common law already governs this type of behaviour. She also points to other statutory measures: “Even if you think common law assault (which definitely makes threats an offence) is too vague for the police to charge (or even plain old breach of the peace), there is statute already quite sufficient”. In UK, for example, there is Section 127 of the Communications Act 2003 and in Scotland, Section 38 of the Criminal Justice and Licensing Act 2010, where breach of the peace also used.
+Hopkins has identified a number of problems about the bill’s wording, and would like to see sexual orientation specifically addressed in Section 5 on threatening communications, as well as religious hatred. Amnesty International makes a similar point in its written submission to the Justice Committee: it does not advocate elevating religious hatred above other forms of discrimination.
+Freedom of expression
+While Amnesty “welcomes efforts to tackle the existence of sectarianism and intolerance in our society”, it also emphasises the ECHR right to freedom of expression. Hopkins is confident, however, that Article 10 will protect citizens’ right to free expression. In accordance with the Scotland Act 1998 , legislation is not law if it conflicts with the European Convention on Human Rights, he explains.
+Harmless football chanting is unlikely to be affected, in Hopkins’ view: just as street preachers would have to cross a line for their statements to be considered an offence under common law, there’s a “similar kind of boundary” to what you can and can’t chant, he says.
+Dr David McArdle, from Stirling Law School, agrees that the bill would be unlikely to have much effect on freedom of speech because existing laws already govern religious hatred: “The main implication will be that those laws, in whichever form the crown uses them, will be used more robustly — more prosecutions, more custodial sentences, more football banning orders.”
+Additionally, he is concerned by the bill’s attempt to “criminalise” singing: “[I] don’t like football, I’m not religious, I’m not Scottish so for the life of me I don’t fully understand what’s going on and I wish all these people would crawl back into their respective holes, but music is an incredibly powerful social phenomenon — that’s why totalitarian regimes are most successful when they can police a culture’s music, literature or art out of existence — and for a mature democracy to seek to prevent people singing songs on the basis that others will find them distasteful or provocative isn’t a route we should be going down.”
+The football songs should not be taken too seriously, he says: “If you look at the most high-profile one, The Famine Song: well there’s very little in there which can be properly regarded as offensive – there’s no swearing and you hear far worse week in-week out at grounds down south.” That is not to say there aren’t problems associated with football, he adds, “but it’s in the form of domestic violence, violence against vulnerable groups, knife crime, drink driving and so on”.
+Alternatives to legislation
+McArdle believes this legislation is unnecessary. In his view, “the robust application of the existing laws in appropriate cases — and a greater degree of proactivity on the part of the clubs themselves than we have seen hitherto — should be the default position”.
+“We need to determine what is an appropriate response to ‘fighting words’ but yet more criminal law isn’t it. Abolishing faith-based schools would be a better long-term strategy: it’s not ok that, by the age of five, we have thousands of children every year who know that there’s us, and there’s the other lot. That’s ‘Scotland’s Shame’, and to expect football clubs to deal with the consequences of that is entirely unrealistic.”
+Digital policing
+And what of the internet? Hopkins pointed out to the Justice Committee that Section 5 on threatening communication makes a distinction between recorded and unrecorded speech. As he told the committee in June, it could create a situation in which “it would not be an offence to say a thing publicly, but it would be an offence if it were written down and reported on the blog of the person who said it, or if the organisation that the person was a member of reported it on its website, or if someone recorded it on a mobile phone and made a YouTube video out of it.” In his view, “that would not make sense”.
+Edwards has flagged up other difficulties about the bill’s digital provisions. The Bill applies to “postings, messages etc., displayed in, or primarily intended to be seen in Scotland”, but she is wary of the practicalities of enforcing the law.
+An obvious and easy evasion tactic would be to host a sectarian website abroad, she explains, where they would be protected by the US First Amendment. “In such cases it will be almost impossible to get the material taken down whether or not Scots law claims it is criminal,” she says. It would be difficult and expensive for the authorities to find out who the owner of a website was.
+“Even if a foreign host was willing to disclose the ID of the person who subscribed to get a website host, it would be very easy to hide that identity by giving false credentials,” she adds. “In short this part of the bill is likely to be completely unenforceable and mainly symbolic.”
+The committee has these — and other — problems to address when it re-considers the bill after the summer recess. Even with the time extension, there is a lot of ground to cover.
+The Justice Committee will reconvene in September. The bill must pass the Stage 2 deadline by 11 November of this year; it will then be debated by MSPs in the Scottish Parliament. Written submissions and oral evidence given to date are available on the Parliamentary site.
+Judith Townend is a freelance journalist and PhD candidate based at City University London. Her blog meejalaw covers digital media law
+[…] […]
+
+Subscribe / follow
+Sponsors
+DreamHost web hosting
+Use the promo code 456BEREASTREET3 to save USD 20 when you sign up for DreamHost
+I agree with you and your article on Vitamin. We still need to share our knowledge, the web is far from being perfect :)
+A Standard is a good practice when one acknowledges its advantages as well as its limitations. Without acknowledging the boundaries and not knowing where to draw the line in terms of its real world application is no better then blind fully dissing the old methods.
+I will shamefully present a link to and article which talks about W3C’s specifications and its real-world applicability (remove at will)
+A call to action to everyone reading this site: Why don’t you start a site that teaches people about web standards? It’s very easy to get started and it’s certainly needed. Go!
+The web is still a mess…millions and millions of sites out there on the web which still appear to have been coded by someone without much of a clue about web standards or web design. And many people I know (who are not web professionals) would say ‘So what?’
+Web Standards is so important to the Web - on so many levels - that to abandon it out of sheer ignorance is just not good enough!
+There’s a very real need to continue the education of Web Standards to people around the Net….I’m solidly with you on that one Roger.
+I’m going to shout about this matter on my site, your site, Robert’s site…people will get sick of me saying stuff - and I don’t care - I’ll passs them the bucket and tell them: TOUGH! I’m not going to let Web Standards go down without a fight!!!
+If I’m reading your article on Vitamin right, what you’re saying is web standardistas not only need to keep advocating, but have to actively step up their methods of doing so. A lot of people who blog will also be involved on various forums/lists which is something that can be fit into their normal routine, but organising meet-ups and influencing local teaching institutions is going to require a different level of commitment. I take my hat off to those who find the time and have the energy to go that extra mile.
+I agree, there are a lot of people who still don’t know enough about this stuff and it would greatly help the web, as a whole, if they did.
+Although, I enjoy learning about newer, often easier, ways to do things I think at a ceratin point you’ll just be preaching to the choir. We read and we follow as best as we can, but that doesn’t do a thing for the others that don’t read and don’t know.
+Whats being done about those people?
+(Note: I didn’t mean to make it sound like we’re in a cult of something.)
+Brian: Relax….you can take the Goat’s Head and Hula Skirt off now! ;)
+Here I’ll quote myself.
+“Web standards is philosophy. The tenets of web standards are based on components of practicality: separation of structure and presentation, accessibility, unobtrusive scripting, &c. Those components existed before web standards. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) usage is part of the standards. CSS seems to have been the galvanizing occurrence of web standards: it was first; it’s practical. Standards may have been there for all history but CSS propelled it. CSS layout selectors are not Web 2.0; CSS designs are. That is the human nature of monkeying: copy simple, practical things; study doctrines later.”
+Shouldn’t The Web Standards Movement enter mainstream avenues, e.g., search marketing or banner advertisements, and venues, e.g., non-SXSW, with its message? like Missionaries visiting Pygmies in the Belgian Congo.
+Thank you, Roger, for writing the article. I’ve been advocating for standard code and semantic markup since the font tag came out (and even before if you go back to my time doing book production and trying to get writers not to deviate from our troff macro packages). I was creating standards-compliant sites in the 1990s. It’s been a pleasure and a relief to see web standards start to gain some traction in recent years. But every time I hear someone say that the fight for web standards is almost over, I think of the people I’ve worked with over the years. Many of them learned how to create killer web sites from David Siegel’s book and know how to fire up Dreamweaver but would be lost if you switched them to code view (one guy I worked with at a previous job used to actually yell at me when he walked past my desk and saw me in code view in DW or, God forbid, in HomeSite). Many of them learned how to make sites in 1997-98 and haven’t learned anything or read any books since.
+I consider myself a lifer and what I do on the web as almost a calling, but so many people I work with fell into working on the web without really any thought or any passion for it. They could just as easily be widget stampers. They’re happy to collect a check, and they get the same paycheck no matter what kind of code they crank out, so they continue to do it in what they consider the easiest way possible, or at least the one that doesn’t require them to learn anything new. I’ve made some effort to show some of the people I’ve worked with over the years the benefits of using web standards. One or two mostly got it; they tend to be lifers as well. (It seems to be a little harder to explain semantic markup.) The widget stampers nod their heads and continue to use two break tags to space paragraphs and nest tables and all the rest. The number of people who don’t care and who may never care about getting the benefits of using a standards-based approach is overwhelmingly large. It’s frustrating to work in such an environment, but it seems to be far and away dominant. The battle, such as it is, seems to me to be hardly begun. I’m glad to see that point being made in a prominent forum.
+On a positive note, I get daily emails from a big job search site in Australia about jobs that relate to web design & development and I’ve noticed in the past year or so that more and more are listing knowledge of web standards as a selection criteria.
+It’s catching on. When I got into development I didn’t know any better, but as I read and looked around I learned. Every day there are new developers being born (if that’s appropriate) just like I was. The more sites that talk about it, discuss it, promote it, and do it, the more commonplace it’ll become. These things unfortunately take a lot of time. It doesn’t help that most of the software out there produces crap mark-up, and even those that don’t, it seems that good mark-up is an option. I’m only guessing at that last part because I’ve always used NotePad, but that’s what I’ve heard.
+Oh, by the way, great article, Roger.
+It’s slowly advancing, sure. But many people used to tag-soup tend to say “ooo! cool!”, then revert to their old ways.
+It’s frustrating and, frankly, tiresome.
+Great article, very true.
+I think that the explosion of badly coded sites is in no small part due to the rise in popularity of WYSIWYG editors such as front page and (to a degree) dreamweaver. They turn people who have no real clue into instant ‘web developers’
+I love being a standardista - it’s so much more fun than being a sloppy coder! You get into so many lively discussions there’s never a dull moment. And it’s nice to be able to show all the other non-standardistas out there what can be achieved using Webstandards. And how fast things can be changed (i.e. CSS Zengarden). All the fun things one can do (CSS Play f.ex.). No, give me a fellow standardista anyday - together we’ll evangelize the world - together for a better world of standardized websites and webapps ;-)
+This is something I have been posting on recently as well (see the link in my name). I recently received the following comments from one of the listeners to my show:
+.”
+For me this says it all. We still have a long way to go.
+I think one of the main problems, which Ralph alludes to above, is money. Or rather, a client’s money and the value they place on web standards. If a client doesn’t see the value, they won’t care if their site is web standards compliant or not, which surely removes the motivation for some web developers to learn web standards, CSS, etc.
+Also, I think conflicting information may hurt the Web Standards movement (right or wrong, I’m combining Web Standards with CSS layout and modern design here). For example, in a SEO newsletter I read, the SEO expert tells one reader, whose developer tells him layout tables (with their unnecessary code) hurt rankings, that “Tables have never been, and will never be a problem for search engines.” CSS designers and Web Standardistas would have you believe the opposite, but who’s right?
+Roger, your link in the article entitled “Zeldman” goes to Eric Meyer’s homepage :P
+Oh, yes, it is. (Living proof.) Indeed, though, please don’t stop writing about it, because I still suck at it myself.
+It doesn’t help much that the majority of my time (webmaster) is spent grappling with CMS systems that bury tabular layout code, etc. and so forth in their core, a subject about which you’ve spoken, I think. While popular systems are still lagging far behind, I am seeing a bit of rustling among developers of new systems to rise to the challenge and the miracle of all miracles happened on the home front this past year when the continual development of a six-year old business application site was all but halted to provide nine glorious weeks of uninterrupted standards overhaul time. (Of course, I’m constantly going back to tweak it. Had I only known then what I know now kind of things. Oh, but it’s so much easier to update now, not to mention 10 times faster for the users.)
+You - and others like you - are largely responsible for that. I’m constantly referring people to articles here (and there) in an effort to convince people that standards-based coding actually impacts not only user-experience but the bottom-line.
+You can teach old dogs new tricks, but - you’re right - there’s still a long way to go.
+Excellent article. As someone has said, there are those unavoidable real-world constraints, but the more time spent on education, the less narrow those constraints become.
+You know, the more and more I hear about promoting web standards, the more I can’t help but think about the old days. I remember reading, re-reading, and re-re-reading the SMTP RFC. Once you wrote programs that conformed to the standardized protocol, it would flat-out work with most every server.
+These days, things have gotten way more complicated. And it takes significantly more effort on the part of the developer/web designer to trudge through the standards. And a lot of developers will simply take the easy way out and not learn the right way.
+I don’t know where I’m going with this, but maybe it all has something to do with how people learn HTML. I imagine that 95% of people that have written an HTML file have never even seen the standards. BTW, nice article.
+There is one (counter-) argument I hear again and again (see for example comment 17), but which I find hard to take: “Clients only care about money, not how a site is build”.
+For the sake of the discussion, let’s forget for a moment that developing with standards will save development time (especially at some later point) and money and has other advantages.
+Even then: how can you justify using messy, non-standard code. Say you deliver a website to your client: would you dare to tell him/her “Well look here is your brand new site. Looks fine doesn’t it? Please don’t look under the hood or let anyone else do that. Bit messy there, but it works doesn’t it? Well, at least in IE and FF. Other browsers I’m not sure. Also, hopefully it will keep working in newer browsers, because we did make some errors in the code and didn’t find it necessary to clean them up.”
+So, let me know: who dares to say this to his/her client with a straight face? Who has clients who don’t care if you tell them this?
+Working in a corporate environment I have had a captive audience to work on over the last year or so. After presenting to developers, directors and anyone else who will listen we now attempt to implement web standards across the board from the website to our internet applications. It took time spent with developers to bring them up to speed and the business is now seeing the real benefits in terms of usability, customer satisfaction and ease of maintenance and customisation. So what am I saying here? Don’t give up, keep pushing for standards, support those who do!
+Maybe I’m being cynical but I’m sure there’s people out there who do just what you describe and then when a problem is reported in say one of those ‘other’ browsers, they turn around and say: “Oh sorry, catering to those browsers wasn’t in the original price. That’s an added extra.”
+modern web development is certainly friendlier than is was 8 years ago, but why are we still fighting and hacking ie every day in the trenches?
+Comments are disabled for this post (read why), but if you have spotted an error or have additional info that you think should be in this post, feel free to contact me.
+How To Get Started In Real Estate (with a Bang!) – The Ultimate Guide For Starting Your Sales Career
+The ultimate guide to becoming a top producer! This how to get started in real estate guide will get you going with a bang.
+Let’s face it, getting started is tough work.
+You have no money coming in, are starting a new career, maybe haven’t done sales in the past, and have a lot to learn.
+Your real estate licensing examine is one step of the process. But, becoming a real estate agent is a lot more than that.
+Today, I share the secrets to dominating in real estate.
+I’m going to show you exactly, step-by-step: How To Get Started In Real Estate
+No matter who you are, this is always on our minds! I ask myself a variation of that question every single day. So, today I’m going to be covering several topics to help you answer that question. I’ll be sharing data I’ve gotten by analyzing over 550+ real estate businesses to help you figure out how to get started in real estate.
+I wouldn’t call this conclusive. But it is definitely a darned good place for you to start.
+One of the BIGGEST mistakes I see every single day is Realtors not having a blog. If you’re a Realtor who does not have at least one website with a blog, you need to start one right now.
+Seriously.
+You if you take anything away from this guide let it be to start a blog. It doesn’t need IDX. It doesn’t need to look fancy. It just needs a place where you post content once a week.
+Why would you want to do this?
+84% of top performing Realtors use content marketing (I.E: Blogs) to generate leads. (source)
+Google searches for real estate-related terms have increased 253% over the past four years. (source)
+Honestly, everyday I’m personally reminded of all the “leads” I’ve lost out on through putting off blogging. I literally tried EVERYTHING else. But the highest returns come from having a blog that provides value. Setup your blog today! Literally, 96% of the Realtors that visit Easy Agent Pro do NOT have an active blog. I’m telling you that is a fact. We run the analytics on it weekly.
+Heck, even check out our Leadsites.
+You can easily jump into the top 4% of Realtors by creating a blog and taking our free website marketing course. The coolest thing about blogs and social media is that they can work for your business while you prospect. So, you can still cold call and door knock for leads. But you’ll also have a internet presence hunting down leads while you do your calling.
+The first thing you need to be focused on is getting organized.
+Remember that address book your mom had while growing up? It listed everyone’s name, number, and address, right? That’s what we need to start building.
+To make it business and professional sounding, we’re going to call that our Center of Influence database. Basically, this is just a catalog of numbers and addresses that help you stay organized. The whole goal of anything we do is to grow this database or make it sell more homes for it. That’s it.
+Your new website you just set up (…wait, you did set that up right?) has the sole goal of growing your list.
+And the Contact Plan below is the system for staying in touch with these friends and family. These are the only two systems you really need to have a booming business. You have your address book (Center of Influence database) and contact plan.
+To Make Getting Started In Real Estate Simple, you need:
+1) A Way To Get More Contacts (Website, Expired Listing Letters, Real Estate NewsLetters, Real Estate Farming, etc)
+2) A Way To Keep In Touch With These Contacts
+Watch these successful agents discuss these two items and how to get started in real estate:
+Great! Now you’ve got your website helping you get more leads and you have a Center of Influence database (CRM) keeping all your contacts in one place.
+Now you’ve got your website helping you get more leads and you have a Center of Influence database (CRM) keeping all your contacts in one place.
+Your question is probably, “Now What, Tyler?”
+And you’re exactly right!. In The Millionaire Real Estate Agent, you learn about the 33 touch plan. Generally speaking this means you get 2 closed sale from every 12 people in your database only after touching everyone 33 times a year. Your sole job then becomes touching everyone in your Center of Influence database 33 times a year while growing your Center of Influence database.
+This proven formula also makes your math very easy and makes it easy to answer the question: How to get started in real estate! If you have 400 people in your database, you should earn 67 closed transactions. (400 / 12 X 2 = 67). These numbers are very achievable. But that doesn’t make it easy. This guide is telling you how to get started in real estate, but you still have to go out there and put in the time. Your time will be stretched thin as you continue to work at building income lead funnels and following up with people. This is why I recommend building a blog at the beginning. This website can be a great source of leads for you. But how many times have you put off something simply because of everything else you had going on? All the time!
+I know it seems unbelievable, but blogs can easily generate 10-50 leads a day after they mature. This can then lead you to hiring other agents and growing your team. Before we get too far into teams however, let’s just remember that the concept here is quite simple. You only have to grow your database and touch everyone in it 33 times a year. Comment below with your goals this year! Let me know how you’re achieving this and if this guide on how to get started in real estate has helped you.
+You will come up with your own scripts as you progress through your real estate career.
+As you get started, you may feel like you’re at a loss for words. Here is a script for you to copy and make your own. You’ll want to put this real estate scripts into your database and use them throughout your scheduled contacts with your Center of Influence.
+You’ll want to put this real estate scripts into your database and use them throughout your scheduled contacts with your Center of Influence.
+THE OPENING SCRIPT – WHAT TO SAY WHEN INTRODUCING YOURSELF AS A REALTOR
+“Hi _____________ , it’s Tyler Zey and I’m just reconnecting with you as I’ve joined XYZ Realty Company recently! (Their response) Yes, I’m very excited. My company is [insert valid claim here]. Anyway, I’m just calling to make sure I have all your contact information correct so that I can reach out to you occasionally and of course send you something for the holidays?” (obtain all contact information – you’ll want an: email address for , phone number(s) & physical address)
+“Things have really changed in real estate lately and I can’t think of a better career to be in right now. I have so much competition and love it!” (wait for response) “As I’m just starting, I could use your help if you happen to know anybody looking to buy or sell a home in the next year?”
+After you’ve build your website (it only takes 5 minutes if you follow this video), the next step is to commit to a center of influence contact plan.
+The requirement for this plan is that you touch contacts 33 times a year. Remember that formula from above? You’re basically looking to build a structure that helps you consistently talk to everyone in your database/crm 33 times a year. This will help you figure out how to get started in real estate.
+Then, you use the rest of your time to make your database/crm bigger. Here are 2 free sample plans for you to copy –
+12 Email Marketing Newsletters – 1st Tuesday Monthly. Did you know Tuesday gets the highest open rates of all days when sending emails? Send your emails on Tuesday.
+1 Client Appreciation Event
+1 Christmas Card – You really want to handwrite this and send it late November
+2 Postcards – Mail Out
+3 Phone Calls
+1 Facebook Direct Message – “How have you been?”
+1 Annual Magnet Calendar – Mail Out
+12 Newsletters – Mail Out the 15th of Each Month
+18 Emails – Automated in CRM to send every 3 weeks
+12 Mailers – Sent Monthly:
+2 Phone Calls – to everyone in COI
+1 Drop-By – Pumpkins Delivered to Doorsteps (October/November)
+1 Client Appreciation Event – Tailgate & Suite/Skybox at Professional Sports Event (email, mail & call COI)
+You really do need to own a copy of this book. I’ve talked with hundreds and thousands of Realtors and everyone swears by the system written down here. Gary Keller, founder of Keller Williams, outlines exactly what you should be doing everyday in your business. He has made a blueprint for you to be successful and I’ve learned a lot about it. Buy your copy here.
+I get a lot of questions from people about what domain name they should use. I always suggest this formula: [yourname] + [realestate, Realtor, or homes] + [location].
+Mix and match various combinations using those 3 things and you can’t go wrong! That domain name will work very well on Google and help your clients remember your URL. Gone are the days when your domain name should be “BestHomesInLA.com.” Google (and your clients) are looking for names that are just a bit more personal. Ultimately, you have a lot more important things to think about when considering how to get started in real estate. Don’t worry too much about what Google likes. Just provide great content and you’ll see results.
+This website is great for Realtors just starting out! The website has tons of practical advice for Realtors looking to grow quickly. If you’re wondering how to get started in real estate sales, this is a great website to learn from!
+I write about real estate marketing almost every day. There is almost certainly something here for you to implement and see results with.
+You have no idea how much it means for you to be here reading “How To Get Started In Real Estate” right now. Please let me know what you’re thinking about these scripts and business ideas in the comments below. If you liked what you read today, join the email list. There is a lot more to learn there.
+I love comments. 🙂 Talk with you below….
+– Tyler, Easy Agent.
+Art of Celebration - 2nd Annual
+Group Exhibition of 50 Artists
+Opening Reception: Friday, February 9th, 6:30-9:00pm
+Exhibition: Friday, February 9th - Saturday, April 28th, 2018 28th, 2018.
+Benefiting Non-profits
+10% pf art sales from Art of Celebration exhibition will be split between Share Art Heal & VSA!
+Share Art Heal is a 501c3 non profit organization providing art supplies and instruction to people of all ages with the intended purpose of exposing them to the healing experience of creating art. (ShareArtHeal.Org)
+VSA Texas, a 501(c) 3 not-for-profit, delivers excellent cultural, professional, educational and public awareness arts services to communities with diverse abilities. (VSAtx.org )
+Group Show of 50 Artists
+Aimée M. Everett, Anna Muniz, April Sullivan, Aurora’s Blush, Avel Glaz, Bill Tavis, Brass Copper Art (Arianna Morales), Brian W. Kirchner, Bryan Macilko, Carla Hughes, Carla Yeatts, Chaos Woods, Chelsea Philips, Connor Teseny, Dane Gudde of Gudde Co., Dondi Aguirre, Dréa Peters, Emily Mercedes, Emily Michele Berry, Esteban Garza, Forage and Flourish, Hallie Rae Ward, Janis Fowler, JC Amorrortu, Jet Baker, JR Rapier, Juan Villegas, Julie Pelaez, Jumping Bean Pottery, Karen Woodward, Katie Dunkle, Kendra Gorleski, Laura Poll, Marlena Jarjoura, Matt Trujillo, Meena Matai, Michael Bayer, Michele Daulton, Nathan Wood, Neena Buxani, Rebecca Klier, Robert Calloway, Robert Page, Rosemary Allen, Sarah Beth Elkins, Shayne Goode, Stellar Roz, Teodora Pogonat, Tiny Happy Clay, and Todd Shepherd.
+Aimée M. Everett
+"A View Of The Inside"
+Oil on Canvas | 16" x 20" | $300
+This piece is the first piece in a two part series. I wanted to show the softness that we all have inside, male or female. I wanted the soft flesh colors to represent what we try so hard to hide from everyone, even ourselves.
+"It’s Coarse On The Inside"
+Oil on Canvas | 16" x 20" | $300
+This piece is the second in a two part series. This piece shows the alternative side to being calm and serene on the inside. The times when we may not be at our best.
+"Midst"
+Oil and Thread on Canvas | 24" x 24" | $450 - SOLD
+Midst is influenced by overwhelming times in our lives. We may seem to fade away in the midst of it all, but even if a thin veil of yourself remains, you can still make it through.
+"Waterfalls"
+Watercolor and Copper in Birchwood Frame | 16" x 19" | $400
+Waterfalls is simply a self portrait.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Aimee is originally from New Orleans, Louisiana. She now lives and works in Austin, Texas.
+Anna Muniz
+"Windows One"
+Watercolor, pen, graphite | 8" x 10" | $150
+Preparing for a celebration upstairs.
+"Windows Two"
+Watercolor, pen, graphite | 8" x 10" | $150
+Looking in on a celebration.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I enjoy spending my time outside, drinking coffee, and exploring the city! And there’s nothing better than a picnic in Zilker.
+April Sullivan
+"The Backyard Circus"
+Yarn | 16" x 20" | $300
+Our backyards are lively places if you notice the squirrels and birds as they have fun in the sunshine. Look closely to see that this piece is all made with yarn laid on a sticky surface.
+"Celebrate Growth Banner"
+Yarn on wood, twine | 5 flags at 3" x 4" each on 5' of twine | $40
+Celebrate your garden with this fun and soft banner made of yarn over wood. Sun, rain, and dirt produce a growing flower. The back of the banner is decorated in solid bright colors.
+"Polkadots and Stripes Banner"
+Yarn on wood, twine | 5 triangles at 3.25" x 3.25" each on 5' of twine | $40
+Celebrate with this fun and soft banner made of yarn over wood. Polka-dots on one side and stripes on the other side.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+April Sullivan is a long-time Austinite and fiber artist. My work is based on the style of the Huichol Indians of Mexico. I enjoy working with colorful threads creating bright paintings in yarn.
+Aurora’s Blush
+"Hand Engraved Pendants (Aluminum)"
+14/20 Gold Filled Chain $172
+One of my main missions as a jewelry designer is to empower the wearer of my pieces to feel like the goddess they are. Gold naturally evokes feelings of luxury and decadence, so I wanted to showcase this in a large statement necklace for the modern goddess. I incorporated large gold shapes, and gold coin accents to add texture and dimension to this hand engraved beauty!
+"Magnesite Turquoise Spikes"
+Gold Vermeil Chain Hand Engraved Pendants (aluminum) | $135
+When in Texas wear Turquoise, right?! I have always felt like the two go together like peanut butter and jelly! My inspiration for this hand engraved piece was to create a new necklace for the modern Texas beauty. We always see pairings of Silver and Turquoise, but I equally absolutely love a stunning Gold and Turquoise combination.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+My name is Vanessa Nicole and I have been an Austinite now for eight years! (Texas girl my whole life – got here as fast as I could!) I started hand engraving guitars a few years ago, and fell in love with it so much. I was determined to utilize the skills I had learned and feature them in jewelry! I have always enjoyed making jewelry ever since my kindergarten macaroni necklace days. I love having a design in my mind that I want to create, and then rising to the challenge of actually making that vision come to life. Jewelry is such an exciting medium because it is recognized and celebrated as art, but you get the extra bonus of wearing it as a little treasure wherever your journey takes you.
+Avel Glaz
+"Archie"
+Found objects, wood | 12" x 3" | $160 - SOLD
+I made these 3 robots with the celebration theme in my mind. Their names are the same initials as “Share Art Heal” on purpose. Shannon, Archie and Heather are living proof that celebration is a way of being!
+Archie is a true robot-being. Meaning if one’s life is primordial, acknowledging one’s joy, one’s achievements, one’s arts.
+"Heather"
+Found objects, wood | 16" x 5" | $320
+I made these 3 robots with the celebration theme in my mind. Their names are the same initials as “Share Art Heal” on purpose. Shannon, Archie and Heather are living proof that celebration is a way of being!
+Heather is a constant being of celebration. Believing in art as a form of life’s celebration. And yes, glitters are part of it!
+"Shannon"
+Found objects, wood | 16" x 5" | $320
+I made these 3 robots with the celebration theme in my mind. Their names are the same initials as “Share Art Heal” on purpose. Shannon, Archie and Heather are living proof that celebration is a way of being!
+Shannon takes celebration to a all new level. Flowers and glitter are meant to be together.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+My life is dedicated to making things. I love to get to a final result, but all the prior steps (understanding the meaning, imagining the process, making) are equally rewarding. Wherever, whenever, I would always create things, because it is what makes me tremendously happy.
+Bill Tavis
+"Vision"
+Enamel paint on illustration board | 7" x 5" | $325 - SOLD
+This image celebrates eyeballs. Our most powerful sense is sight, which tells us a ton of information about the world around us and most importantly lets us create and enjoy art!
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+In general I'm a laid back guy with a simple life — no smartphone, no car, no kids, no dreams of living in a mansion. However, I balance out that frugality by creating complicated art with the utmost seriousness, fearlessly making my innermost thoughts and emotions visible. Who I am is reflected in my art so I use it as a mirror to help me with self-improvement, while at the same time I work hard to share it with others so it can guide and heal society at large.
+Brass Copper Art (Arianna Morales)
+"Flow"
+Bronze | 2" x 5.5" | $195
+One of a kind bronze cast.
+"Sprout"
+Bronze | 2"x 6" | $195
+One of a kind bronze cast.
+"Ripple Effect"
+Copper | $280
+One of a kind copper bowl
+"Trumpet Bowl"
+Copper | $130
+Hand raised vessel formed from sheet cop.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+In the search of that deep connection between myself and the elements I create objects of decor based on personal interpretations of elements of nature, like the bark of a tree, water ripples, and seed pods. Working with diverse metals and metalworking techniques, I explore form, texture, and contrast.
+I grew up between Venezuela and Ecuador, received a BFA in metalsmithing from the University of North Texas and now I work from my home studio in South Austin.
+Brian William Kirchner
+"Floruit"
+Mixed Medium (resin, acrylic paint, balsa wood, repurposed lumber from Austin build sites.) | 19.25"x17.75"x3.5" | $395
+After several months of dormancy the Cherry Blossom blooms with an abundance of color and fervor for a fleeting moment in time. Floruit is a snapshot of the impermanent and fulfilling manifestation of thoughts becoming things. This art represents the moment after a time of introspection and reflection, it's the palpable point in time when we give life to new ideas and let them flourish. Keep it Creative and Always Inspire!
+"Echo"
+Sculptural Block Lumber Art | 19.5”x20”x3.5” | $750 - SOLD
+Mixed media on repurposed lumber from Austin build sites.
+My leafless naked Ink Trees are symbols of strength, growth, and the vulnerability of displaying your true unedited self. Like our relationships with one another, they also illustrate how we expand in a multitude of directions but are all connected by a single trunk growing from deep roots. In this piece, BWK Ink Tree Art is reflected by mirrors to create a beautiful and symbolic picture of how we “reflect” the people who affect our lives. We emulate the ones we love and are also molded by the little rascals with whom we clash.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+As a graduate of The Art Institute of Houston, Brian William Kirchner studied visual communication which guided him to become a mixed media fine artist and pen and ink illustrator of trees. His mixed media pieces are made from repur recurring theme in
+Brian William Kirchner’s art.
+Bryan Macilko
+"Ode a L’Hiver" (Winter)
+Encaustic over Clayboard | 12" x 12" | $295 / 4 for $1,000 - SOLD
+"Ode Au Printemps" (Spring)
+Encaustic over Clayboard | 12" x 12" | $295 / 4 for $1,000 - SOLD
+"Ode a L’Ete" (Summer)
+Encaustic over Clayboard | 12" x 12" | $295 4 for $1,000 - SOLD
+"Ode a L’Automne" (Autumn)
+Encaustic over Clayboard | 12" x 12" | $295 / 4 for $1,000 - SOLD
+These pieces represent a celebration of the four seasons as depicted by nature and the figure of a woman within this nature. They are my interpretation of the French Art Nouveau movement of the 19th Century where curved lines were used in an abstract way, often incorporating the curved lines of nature to accentuate the pose of the figures..
+Carla Hughes
+Arches Tray
+Ceramic | 13"L x 5.25"W x 1"H| $60
+Creamy White Tray with Arch Pattern.
+Geometric Tray
+Ceramic | 13"L x 5.25"W x 1"H | $60
+Creamy White Tray with Geometric Pattern
+"Protective Eye Tray"
+Ceramic | 13"L x 5.25"W x 1"H | $60
+Creamy White Tray with Eye Pattern
+GET TO KNOW THE TEXAS ARTIST:
+Carla Hughes is a sculptor and potter living and working in Deep South Texas. She spends all her free time driving to Austin so she can eat food with friends.
+Carla Yeatts
+Peppy and Poppy, “Jalapeno Business / Peppers in Love”
+Polymer clay, paper clay, acrylic paint, glass eyes, wood | 5.5" x 1" | $195
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+When I’m not creating creature friends, my husband and I like to go road tripping to search for interesting natural wonders, historical haunts or abandoned sites to explore. A few cool things Ive done in recent years are petting/feeding sloths, and creating a zombie makeup for an event honoring the legendary George Romero.
+Chaos Woods
+"Walnut Mead Goblet with Valkyrie"
+Walnut | $220
+Two things Terry and Sarah Snow have in common with the vikings: They love woodworking and festive libations. Terry turned this hefty walnut goblet on the wood lathe and Sarah embellished it with a beautiful Valkyrie along with several other common characters in Norse mythology, the raven, wolf and ouroboros, plus the Old Norse word for mead. Drink from this goblet and feel the power of the Gods.
+"Large Acacia Off-Set Bottle Stopper"
+Acacia Wood | $50 - SOLD
+These bottle stoppers were created with a wood turning technique called off-set in which the center point is reset and shifted part way through the making process, similar to a nice glass of wine that will allow you to shift perspective.
+"Oak Off-set Bottle Stopper"
+Oak | $40 - SOLD
+These bottle stoppers were created with a wood turning technique called off-set in which the center point is reset and shifted part way through the making process, similar to a nice glass of wine that will allow you to shift perspective.
+"Acacia Off-Set Bottle Stopper"
+Acacia Wood | $40 - SOLD
+These bottle stoppers were created with a wood turning technique called off-set in which the center point is reset and shifted part way through the making process, similar to a nice glass of wine that will allow you to shift perspective.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Husband and wife artist team inspired by a love of art, toys, music, nature and comic books. We collaborate together to make one-of- a-kind wooden sculptures, turned vessels, toys and small home decor reminiscent of traditional woodworking but from out of this world.
+Chelsea Philips
+"Many Moons"
+Watercolor, Ink | 16" x 20" | $430
+A woman in shadow in front of three moons. The body as extension of the moon. Her curves are like those you'd find on the moon: dips and curves of a crater.
+"Whale Favorites"
+Watercolor, Ink | 9" x 12" | $360
+Three whales (sperm whale, humpback whale, blue whale)
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I love to be out in nature and am inspired by Austin's beauty. I have a baby daughter and am so enjoying watching her discover the world! I use art as a form of meditation and enjoy blending plants, animals and people in my art.
+Connor Teseny
+"Bees Bees Bees"
+Ampersand scratchboard with colored scratchboard inks | 5x7" | $225 - SOLD
+I love drawing bees. They’re such important little creatures and I find myself wanting to create them all the time. I figured I’ve done so many in black and white so I decided to throw some color into this piece! This piece is framed in one of my custom handmade CJTProducts recycled wood frames.
+"Curiosity"
+Ampersand scratchboard | 5" x 7" | $195 - SOLD
+I’m very lucky to live in a place like Austin where part of the culture revolves around bats. They’re one of my favorite little animals. I’ve done a few long-eared bats and wanted to change it up so I found these little Honduran ghost bats that I liked. This piece is framed in one of my custom handmade CJTProducts recycled wood frames.
+"Happy as a Clam"
+Ampersand scratchboard | 5" x 7" | $195 - SOLD
+I usually don’t create many mammals aside from bats because mammals are seen so often in the art world. But I recently saw a video of a little otter and fell in love with them and had to create one. I really loved working the textures so I’m looking forward to doing some more small mammals in the future. This piece is framed in one of my custom handmade CJTProducts recycled wood frames.
+"Lewe"
+Ampersand scratchboard | $800 - SOLD
+I love shoebill storks. I don’t know why but they’re one of my favorite animals, so I've been thinking a long while on how I was going to create them in a composition I felt they deserved. I wound up creating this jungle scene to give the stork a glow and surround it with life. I named this piece "Lewe" which means "life" in Afrikaans, which is a language spoken in some of the areas this stork lives in.
+The large moth is a stylized African Lunar Moth, their bodies are usually a little fatter, but I slimmed the one I drew to match the composition better. The little wasp is a Black and Yellow Mud Dauber. The frog is a Grey Tree Frog. The beetle on the leaf is a Shield Beetle. And lastly the spider in the top right is a Spiny Backed Orb Weaver.
+This piece is framed in a very special custom handmade CJTProducts frame. The wood is reclaimed naily board (longleaf pine) which is about 120 years old, from the historic district of Luling TX. Its one of what will be a very short line as naily board can be hard to come by.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Nature has always been my biggest inspiration. My goal is to replicate the beauty of wildlife in as many different media as I can.
+Dane Gudde of Gudde Co.
+"Eric Tessmer #1"
+Large Format Color Film |16" x 20" | $200
+"Eric Tessmer #2"
+Large Format Color Film |16" x 20" | $200
+These photos were taken of my friend and local Austin guitarist extraordinaire, Eric Tessmer. Eric is one of my favorite people as well as one of the best guitarists in Austin. He's been grinding and pushing for the las 12-14 years, to get where he is now. If you don’t know his work, then do yourself a favor and google Eric Tessmer right now. You’ll thank me later! I captured this image of Eric using a large format (4x5) film camera with large format color film. The quality of large format film cannot be beat! I am drawn to the medium for its careful calculations and slow capture of an image. I find it to be a perfect medium for capturing portraits because it yields an incredible life-like image.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+As a woodworker and furniture maker by trade I am no stranger to the slow play mentality. I believe anything worth doing right also comes with a little extra effort and time to achieve the end result. I apply the same principles in my photography through the use of film cameras to make sure I slow down and think about the image I am capturing, instead of just clicking the shutter.
+Dondi Aguirre
+"Blissful Beach Days"
+Acrylic | 18" x 24" | $450
+I think my best childhood memories were celebrated at the beach. I loved making sand castles and chasing seagulls as they flocked to the sand. I loved exploring the tide pools and was always fascinated by the colors and shapes - from a sea anemone and sea urchin to the different starfish. I was just a boy at the beach full of bliss.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I tend to find myself making a mess with inspiration in my art studio as I do in the kitchen or at a restaurant. I enjoy creating a meal or going out and observing the colors on a dish, as I sometimes will use them for my color pallets when I create a painting.
+Dréa Peters
+"Layers"
+Handspun Yarn, Recycled Silk Sari, Copper | $285
+Each of us has layers of life experiences. Some are beautiful, bold + rich. Some are random, messy + wild. All of these layers when seen collectively creates our uniquely gorgeous whole. This piece is a celebration of our human layers and individual beauty.
+"Carnival"
+Hand-dyed Yarn + Copper | $95
+When I think of carnivals, I think of a celebration of all that is wild and weird. When I look at this piece, I see exuberance + joy. I see the freedom in being different and unconventional. #weaveweird
+"Nature"
+Handspun Yarn, Copper + Dried Flowers | $110
+Taking a moment to reconnect with nature is a part of my daily medication practice. This piece is intended to help one reconnect with nature even when they can’t get outside.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I was born / raised in brooklyn and spent my adult life riding my bike around the east village (no one owns a car in nyc). The move to Austin is my 1st time living somewhere outside of the city. I am directionally challenged to the point of it almost being a disability, no joke, and can’t get anywhere without using Google Maps.
+I believe in walking through doors that open easily and not forcing the closed ones. I’m almost always wearing black and grey but my favorite color is ochre. My home decor style is cluttered bohemian. I’m obsessed with chocolate covered almonds, Ms. pac-man, bocce ball, succulents and office supplies of all kinds. You can usually find me at home, sipping tea and weaving with my rescued pugs. If you do manage to get me out of the house, I will chat your head off and dance until wherever we are kicks us out. My personal struggle is that I am a wildly outgoing introvert. Oh, and I can’t sleep without my white noise machine.
+Emily Mercedes
+"Falls Into Place"
+Gouache | 20.5" x 20.5" | $400
+When everything falls into place, it’s magical. This bold and vibrant piece was created using no rulers and very little sketching. I painted whatever shapes popped into my head and placed them around the circle until… everything Fell Into Place!
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I currently reside in Austin, by way of Fort Wayne, Chicago, Nashville, Atlanta and Venice Beach. Each city provided new and exciting creative awakenings and motivation. When asked to pick a favorite color, I cannot choose just one.
+Emily Michele Berry
+"She chose to grow flowers where pain once grew"
+Acrylic on birchwood | 16" x 16" | $450
+Holding onto lovers, traumas, and cyclical patterns deep within her heart, a terrible poison once ran thick through her veins. She decided to view her past, regardless of how painful it once had felt, as seeds of beauty that would flourish into something beautiful. An unconditional, self-love was born from her intentions and this inspired the drum of her heart to dance with gratitude.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Emily most feels herself and closest to the Universe when she is outside in the sunshine and enjoying nature. She gathers her most inspiring ideas from the vibrant colors, beautiful scents, and fun textures of the local flora and fauna. Intrigued by how unique and divinely made each plant and animal that crosses her path is, she loves to incorporate them alongside her empathic nature and mystical mindset to enhance her artistic messages.
+Esteban Garza
+"Night Walk (Eiffel Tower)"
+Mix Media (Ink, Acrylic, Graphite) | $300 - SOLD
+Night walk was inspired by my honeymoon in Europe. My wife and I were sitting in front of the Eiffel Tower and I felt like I never wanted that feeling to end. I began sketching the open air and even picked a few flowers (I still have them in our photo album) for inspiration when we got back. The color palette I chose to for this piece is a tribute to the experiences we shared on our journey. I hope you can appreciate and feel our experience.
+"Aftermath"
+Pen, Ink, Graphite | $300
+This piece was inspired by a conversation with a friend of mine. We were discussing the possibilities death, parallel universes and reincarnation. The result is a work that (I feel) conveys the dark side that most people refuse to address and that is when our time is up... it is up. I would like to believe that we all will find peace and happiness after we leave this world but the reality is that not everyone will.
+"Trex"
+Pen & Ink | $275
+T-Rex was an inspiration from my children and their love of toys. We were walking in a retail store one day and my youngest son picked up a T-Rex and began making noises and roaring sounds. He asked me how big dinosaurs were and what they were like. I explained that they were these extremely large animals that were made up of the same organs and bones as we were. This piece is the finished product of that experience. P.S. He approved but still wishes he could have seen it in "Real life".
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Esteban arrived in Austin, TX in 2001 and has been enveloped in various mediums. Most of his influences come from various Renaissance artists like Da Vinci, Caravaggio and Rubens. Esteban is currently working on his Bachelors in Fine Arts with a concentration in Renaissance Art at Texas State University.
+The art Esteban makes is a mixture of various influences that explore many different themes. He mostly works with charcoal and graphite which allows him to focus on realistic features of various images. Some of the best works of art here in Austin have helped him to expand and transform my style into a broader realm that has welcomed him into their space. That’s the beauty of art and those who create it… there are no boundaries.
+Forage and Flourish
+"SoCo Gardens"
+Trio of Succulents & Ceramic vessel by Carla Hughes Art | $225
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Lose yourself in the gardens of Forage and Flourish. Locally sourced, these containers and foraged accents bring the gardens to life and add freshness and tranquility to any home.
+Hallie Rae Ward
+We are all human. Part of life is experiencing different types of situations and relationships and searching for what makes us happy and positive. Life will test us, but we can choose to survive and thrive. Discover and realize what is important to you and do what you need.
+Handmade stamps & font | 11” x 14” | $200
+Celebrate LOVE
+I was reflecting on the foundation of love and relationships and these words came to mind.
+Handmade stamps & font | 11" x 14" | $200
+Celebrate AMBITION
+In this aspect of life, I was reflecting on the idea of people having a dream of what they want in life and what they are willing to do to go get it. One must be motivated and hustle to get what they want, but also accept the process of the journey. You are your own best advocate and you have to want it as much as you want to breathe.
+Handmade stamps & font | 16" x 16" | $275
+Celebrate YOU
+When you are going through a tough time, remember your strength and power. YOU control YOU. You control the shift of how you are feeling. During tough times, talk to yourself about the things you are proud of or that you like. When you are having happy times, celebrate yourself!
+Handmade stamps & font | 16" x 16" | $275
+Celebrate ENERGY
+We feed off of each other’s energy. We can feel each other. Be very mindful of that. You can make a difference in someone’s day by your positive energy. It will also make you feel good.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Life is good! I create Fine Art & HRW Designs for all of us. I love the journey of life including art, family, friends, sports, dancing, traveling, people, creating, being present, nature, and the rollercoaster ride that comes with it. I love connecting with people, new experiences, and always learning. Thoughtfulness and language are important and key. I am grateful.
+Janis Fowler
+"Sunday Funday"
+Acryl Gouache and alcohol inks in layers of resin | 20" x 24" | $900 - SOLD
+Happy girl smiles in the sunshine - blue background with colorful void in space of her shirt.
+"Party Owl"
+Watercolor markers with resin top | 5"x7" | $100 - SOLD
+Little owl is ready to celebrate with his party hat on.
+"Party Toad"
+Watercolor markers with resin top | 7"x14" | $200 - SOLD
+Little toad hitches a ride on some balloons to the birthday party
+"Cassandra’s Daydream"
+Oil paint on panel | 16" x 20" | $600
+Girl with glasses and closed eyes with nude female form being dropped into a coral reef in her dress area.
+"Mikey in the Flowers"
+Gouache painted in layers of resin with quilled paper flowers and jewels | Hexagonal , about 17.5" | $500
+Lazy mikey reclines in an abstracted flower field
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I am a local mixed media artist who loves art in all its forms. Primarily working in paints, I love portraying living forms in bursts of color and energy.
+JC Amorrortu
+"Paynes Grey"
+Oils | 16" x 20" | $400
+A porcelain figurine of a clown getting his mind in the right place for celebration.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Oh great creator of being, grant me one more hour to make my art and perfect my life. I enjoy what I do and everything I create comes from a place of love & passion. I am enough!
+Jet Baker
+"Rose"
+Oil on canvas | 12" x 12" | $175
+What’s in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.
+-William Shakespeare
+JR Rapier
+"Intuition"
+Acrylic on canvas | 20" x 20" | $495
+A warbler finds his pine tree nest missing.
+"Texas Faires"
+Acrylic on canvas | $2,625
+A Live Oak adorned with Texas bouquet of flowers the fairies left behind from the night before
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I wake up with ear plugs stuck to my face, because they fall out of my ears sometime between having a bizarre dream and my husband farting in his sleep. When I’m not zoned out in my studio tripping over my brush water, you’ll usually find me struggling to cook without butter or gluten (not), gardening anything that survived the Texas heat (or that one ice storm), or forcing my kid to memorize her multiplication table (something I don’t remember myself). To wash my realities of life away I celebrate with good wine, watch stunning sunsets, and laugh until I cry about embarrassing moments with friends and family. I attempt to reason with spiritual gurus, hippies (and occasionally my mother) while puking in front of shamans. My favorite thing to do is book an Airbnb, try to fit my closet into a 18x24” box on broken wheels, and travel around the world only to discover I love sleeping in my own bed.
+Juan Villegas
+"The Death of Ego"
+Watercolor on Cold Press Watercolor Paper | 18" x 24" | $450
+When we divide life, we suffer. Cease your duality, and transcend the self into higher consciousness.
+:
+Not a single day goes by where I’m not exploring ideas in my mind, imagination is a beautiful thing. I can’t keep my hands still, and you’ll usually catch me stroking my beard looking at work that inspires me and makes me wonder.
+Julie Pelaez
+"Blossom"
+Alcohol Ink & Rubbing Alcohol | 15" x 18" | $400 - SOLD
+One of a kind signed Alcohol Ink on 3 panels of acrylic. Each layer is painted to create a dimensional visual experience, inspired by the automatic reset and repeat pattern found in nature, in this case perennials. Ready to hang with silver hardware included.
+"Seasons"
+Alcohol Ink & Rubbing Alcohol | 21" x 27" | $550
+One of a kind signed Alcohol Ink on 3 panels of acrylic. Each layer is painted to create a dimensional visual experience, inspired by the automatic reset and repeat pattern found in nature, in this case, the four seasons. Ready to hang with silver hardware included.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I am an Advertising Art Director turned stay-at-home-mom turned abstract artist. Being creative brings me balance and helps me interpret the world around me. Aside from art, I love tennis, exploring new restaurants, and spending time with my husband and 2 boys.
+Jumping Bean Pottery (Brittany N Stracke )
+"Yellow and White Vase"
+Jumping Beans Pottery
+Terracotta Clay Ceramic Vessel (food safe) | $120
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Hi! I like to create functional, small-scale pottery on my trusty kick wheel. Playing with design is what I enjoy most, so my forms are constantly evolving.
+The clay body I use is a red earthenware made right here in Austin, by Armadillo Clay & Supply. I have a nostalgic connection to terracotta going back to my grandmas' homes in San Antonio. And frankly, I just love the color of the clay and enjoy finding glaze combinations to compliment it.
+Brittany Nicole Stracke, Jumping Beans Pottery
+Karen Woodward
+"Green Dude Has Some Very Important News"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $60
+"Pink Dude That is Far From Normal"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $50
+"Mr. Screamin’ Bluehead"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $200
+"Skeptical Fried Egg Cloud"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $60
+"Therapy Chicken with a Pink Necklace"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal $60
+"Totally Normal Head with a Multicolor Flame"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $225
+"Skeptical Fried Egg Cloud"
+Flameworked glass sculptures with steel pedestal | $60 - SOLD
+Description of artwork:
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I am a mixed media artist specializing in the creation of comical glass character sculptures. These pieces are part of the Effigy / Mental States series. Each work is one of a kind and is created at a hot torch with molten glass. Sculptures in this series remind us of the multiplicity of unique characters that can be found throughout the city of Austin.
+Katie Dunkle
+"Michelle"
+Medium in watercolor and ink. | 4.5" x 6" | $250
+Get to know that artist - katie: Katie is an avid traveler and explorer of all kinds. She is focused on a new body of work entitled "Wildflowers" and is continually expanding on “Girls” which visually probes the indulgence of desire through blind-contour line drawings of the female figure. Katie now calls South Austin her permanent homestead and studio.
+Katie Ryan Donohue
+"Refilling The Well"
+Acrylic on wood | $500
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Katie Ryan Donohue was born in Southern Wisconsin. She grew up on a small farm and spent her days outside working with horses and exploring the countryside. This created a lasting interest in the natural world and a dedication to hiking, backpacking, and travel. She obtained a Bachelor Of Fine Art and Art Education from the University of Wisconsin Madison with a focus in drawing. After graduating she worked by teaching horseback riding lessons and making and selling art. 2013 brought her to Austin where she has committed to becoming a full time painter. Her imagery continues to look to the natural world for inspiration.
+Kendra Gorleski
+"Mexico Desconocido"
+Framed photograph printed on luster photo paper | 17 3/4” x 14 1/2” | $200
+This photo was taken during a trip to my family’s hometown of San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, Mexico. In El Centro (the town center), you are welcomed with the sweet scent of freshly roasted elote and beautiful architecture. The atmosphere is vibrant, full of tourists, vendors, live music and sometimes dance.
+Straying from El Centro, down a quiet side street, I came across two viejitas taking a break from the hustle of the crowds. They were taking a moment to enjoy the simple pleasure of an ice cold bottled Coca-Cola. I took a moment to capture the beauty in the typically unobserved. For me, this photo celebrates Mexico Desconocido, or Mexico unknown.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+A photo nomad of sorts. Roaming endlessly, camera(s) always in hand.
+Laura Poll
+"Blue"
+Collage | 16" x 20" | $240
+Linen & acrylic
+"Green"
+Collage | 18" x 24" | $300
+Silk & acrylic
+"Teal"
+Collage | 12" x 16" | $180
+Cotton & acrylic
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I enjoy simple living and warm weather. I live in gratitude, recognizing how fortunate I am to be able to pursue my interests, and enjoy my life fully and with love.
+Marlena Jarjoura
+"Oh My Beloved"
+Malachite and Copper Wire | 2 1/4” tall x 1.5” wide | $300
+This pendant contains two pieces of Malachite, a stone that is heart opening, heart soothing, heart mending, and heart healing. Each piece of Malachite was wrapped, by hand, in copper wire with the heart on my mind.
+"On Fire"
+3 Fire Agates and Copper & Sterling Silver Wire | 2.75” tall x 1.25” wide | $350
+This pendant contains three Fire Agates, all from Mexico, and is wrapped by hand in copper and sterling silver wire. This piece was my first study using 3 of the same stones and the mixture of copper and silver wire.
+"The Bridge Between"
+Labradorite and Moonstone & Sterling Silver Wire | 3.5” tall x 1.25” wide | $350
+This pendant contains Moonstone, a large Labradorite, and small Labradorite beads. This piece represents the balance of the masculine and feminine, with the river of small beads serving as the bridge between the two. The stones are all wrapped in sterling silver, by hand.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Marlena lives in the middle of nature, embraced by Mother Earth from every angle, in the hill country of Texas in a small off-grid cabin. She spends her days creating jewelry and appreciating the land and all the abundance that Life provides.
+Matthew Trujillo
+"Self Indulgent"
+Oil based enamel, Spray Paint on canvas | 24" x 48" | $400 - SOLD
+The second painting of the cross series; she finds herself in a state of contemplation towards her goals and pleasures.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I’ve reached a point in life where my main focus has shifted toward my art more than ever. I found a new awareness of the things in life which contribute to my work and goals as well as the things that don’t. I feel like I’m truly where I need to be.
+Michael Bayer
+"Sunrise at Enchanted Rock"
+Digital Image on Luster Print | 11" x 14" | $150
+This was a combination of dumb luck and location that all came together at the right moment. After a fitful night trying to sleep on stones around Enchanted Rock on an astrophotography trip with my friend Dane Gudde, we begrudgingly decided to get up and try to capture some golden hour shots before heading back to the car. This image was captured about an hour after we had walked around the area, and I had reframed and reset about 5 times in different locations. I shot this in a moment of clarity when I looked up from the viewfinder and thought, “Oh, right. There it is…”
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+My name is Mike Bayer, and I am a photographer living in Austin. I have been shooting for about 3-4 years, and enjoy everything from landscapes to portraiture to street photography. I have more recently become interested and involved in 35mm film due to its unmistakable aesthetic. I am also a lead guitar player and vocalist in my blues band, Victory Over Me, and a home brewer of all things beer. I’m very excited to be involved in this exhibition!
+Michele Daulton
+"Conception"
+Acrylics on Canvas | 11" x 14" | $450
+Celebrating a new life coming into this world, to me is such a wonderful feeling. As a parent, the hopes and dreams that you have for your child fills the heart with so much joy.
+I painted this in the eyes of my 5 year old daughter. She imagines that inside the womb is like the ocean. The baby/fetus is playing with fishes and other underwater creatures.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Born in the Southeast Asia with lots of weird ideas. I started painting landscape on my nails in 2014 then slowly started painting on a bigger surface (agate slices) but still on miniature scale. I am a child at heart, and listening to my daughters stories gives me ideas to paint surreal scenes and things. My day is not complete without coffee. A cup makes me get up in the morning and sleep at night. Having a grumpy 14 year old boy who blames all mischief to puberty and a 5 year old who thinks she is a teenager (15 years old to be exact), life is always exciting. With a husband that supports me and loves me unconditionally… LIFE IS TRULY WORTH CELEBRATING!
+Nathan Wood
+"Ecstatic Shaman"
+Ink and acrylic on watercolor paper | 16" x20" | $200 - SOLD
+The celebration of life lives in the moment or as Terrance McKenna said, “The felt presence of experience.”
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Each day as I wait to complete my daily routine of moving data I am oscillating between the sounds of Ariel Pink, a neurotic chorus of hypochondria, the ways in which to spend millions of dollars, Lucy, Natalie, the impending doom of work sleep, the swirling visualizations of artwork, and of course judgmental indictments followed by acceptance, empathy, and then apathy.
+Neena Buxani
+"Samba"
+Acrylic on Canvas | 20" x 20" | $400 - SOLD
+A hummingbird doing the samba in celebration of life and color.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I’m a local artist who creates uplifting art for the soul through the use of bold color and magical elements. A blissful day to me would be shopping, going to an art museum and having brunch with my husband and two young boys. I believe life is meant to be lived to the fullest by doing what you love and living the truest version of you.
+Rebecca Klier
+"Fog & Whispers"
+Acrylic on Canvas | 11" x 14" | $150
+"Under Earth"
+Acrylic on Canvas | 8" x 10" | $100
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+My favorite flavor of Kombucha is Tart Cherry and Melon cause it has a kick and reminds me of a Watermelon Jolly Rancher. I I love watching cat videos and trampoline fails on YouTube. If you make me a batch of homemade chocolate chip cookies I will be your friend for life.
+Robert Calloway
+"Pink & Gold Geode"
+Alcohol Inks and ArtResin a non-toxic epoxy resin | 13.75”x18.75” | $175 - SOLD
+This beautiful one of a kind geode inspired tray is truly unique and incorporates vibrant contrasting colors that blend together and create unique effects. I used an array of alcohol inks for this piece and created the overlapping lines by painting multiple layers overtop with rubbing alcohol to create the desired effects. Each home decor tray is made professionally and the artwork is sealed using ArtResin, a non-toxic epoxy resin. This piece is perfect for the coffee table to put your drinks, as a magazine tray or just displayed as a work of art!
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+For me to create the beautiful and vibrant art that I do I have to listen to the best music, which for me is techno! I must listen to music that has deep bass and interesting melodies for me to get inspired and to get lost within the music to create my one of kind pieces! Currently, one of my favorite songs Indian Summer is remixed by Armin Van Burren, a DJ from South Holland. This song in particular has allowed me to create some very unique pieces including my more recent works such as my Ocean Home Decor Trays.
+Robert Page
+"Wedding Snakes"
+Oil on wood panel 20" x 16" | $625
+I have been painting animals with balloons for the last several years; putting them in human like situations. Mostly the animals are large mammals which cannot fly. I like the thought of anything is possible and it translates that possibility in the idea that these large (weighing tons) can be carried by tiny balloons.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+I like to push myself. When I first started painting I would only use white, black, burnt umber, and naples yellow with a big clunky filbert brush. I wanted to see how far I could push this limited palette and tool to get realistic details. When I felt I could learn no more from this style. I added a few more colors and brushes. I still rely on that method; the filbert brush is my go to. It can be as sharp as a blade, blunt as a hammer when banging out big areas of color.
+Rosemary Allen
+"Golden Pheasant"
+Watercolour and metal leaf on paper | 18" x 24" | $450
+Creator, transmitter, lover. Facilitator in the birth of truth. Reminding us to celebrate our true colors by shining brightly, having compassion, and sharing our prosperity and wisdom.
+:
+Rosemary Kathryn Allen is a self taught artist and licensed massage therapist.
+My mystical work invokes the power to heal and transform you, the subject matter portrays a direct reflexion of self work and emotional processing. I believe art is a meditative practice, and the energy a painting radiates directly affects the viewer’s psyche. Each of my spirit animal paintings represent a state of transformation and growth, they assist in the progression of maturity and awareness of the human experience.
+Sarah Beth Elkins
+"Shaken Not Stirred"
+Stoneware with luster | 6.5" x 2.5" Holding 5 ounces | $175 for the pair
+Stoneware Martini Goblets, Cone 6
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:!
+Shayne Goode
+"For My Amusement"
+Mixed media on Canvas | 24” x 20” x1.5” | $280.00
+As a child. I always had an artistic, creative side. Throughout the years, my creativity has waxed and waned but when I am drawing, painting, creating... it’s cathartic and I feel more alive.
+This painting probably is inspired by childhood. Jewel tones have always made me feel invigorated and energized. I’ve used these colors in playful manner. I would like to think that is evident in the brush stokes. I also have a fondness for texture. My attraction to a piece of art usually makes me want to touch it. The tactile feeling of some textural, I feel, takes beyond just the visual. That is the reason most of my paintings usual incorporate a textural element as this one does.
+Stellar Roz (Jenny Ramirez)
+"Rose Garden"
+Acrylic, pastel and repurposed spray paint cans on wood panel | 18" x 24" | $400
+True Love is a Rose amongst Thorns…
+In this piece the artist celebrates the feeling of being in love. The male and female spirit embrace; their bodies forming the glowing heart of a Rose bush which blossoms around them.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Outside of painting, I find swimming to be very relaxing; especially when surrounded by nature, & my favorite way to recharge.
+Teodora Pogonat
+"After The Storm"
+Digital photography & Color Print on 200 year archival quality paper & inks | 11" x14" | $250
+Austin, TX’s true-to-life sky after mother nature’s fury subsided.
+"Pennybacker Sunsets"
+Digital photography & Color Print on 200 year archival quality paper & inks | 16" x 20" | $550
+Texas sky’s celebration of earthly colors, a love of an iconic Austin location - Pennybacker bridge at sunset
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+My earthly journey around the sun is not compete unless I'm finding reasons to smile, laugh and create. My family is the most important to me, followed by photography :). My favorite two quotes are: "You don't take a photograph, you make it" by Ansel Adams, and "Art enables us to find ourselves and lose ourselves at the same time." by Thomas Merton.
+Tiny Happy Clay
+"Choose Happy"
+Earthenware clay, glaze | $120 - SOLD
+This cute little pug is a reminder that happiness is a choice. We are all a work in progress and can consciously alter our outcomes with the attitudes we live out every day.
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+When not slinging clay in my South Austin garage studio, I'm hiking in the greenbelt with my family or restoring my vintage Aristocrat camper to satiate my wanderlust tendencies.
+Todd Shepherd
+"Fertile grounds"
+Acrylic on canvas | 14" x 15.5" | $200
+Celebrating the beauty and abundance of nature
+GET TO KNOW THE AUSTIN ARTIST:
+Todd can be found exploring the micro and macro of the cosmos. Nature is his playground and creation is his medicine.
+craigslist Vancouver, BC | Bildung/Unterricht Suche en-us copyright 2020 craigslist robot@craigslist.org robot@craigslist.org craigslist Vancouver, BC | Bildung/Unterricht Suche Collection 2020-01-17T11:00:35-08:00 6 hourly <![CDATA[ECE and IT Educator (Port Moody)]]> <![CDATA[Imagine a career where you can positively impact the future of children. We are looking for more than just your education and qualifications. We desire people who want more than a job, we are looking for exceptional, engaged, excited and dedicated ed ...]]> 2020-01-16T13:33:05-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[ECE and IT Educator (Port Moody)]]> text 2020-01-16T13:33:05-08:00 <![CDATA[French instructor (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[Burnaby School district`s Continuing Education department is looking for a French instructor who can teach 2 evening a week starting immediately. Must have experience teaching adults.]]> 2020-01-15T09:18:02-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[French instructor (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-15T09:18:02-08:00 <![CDATA[ECE teacher for Group daycare, can help for LMIA (metrotwon)]]> <![CDATA[over 10 years group daycare, age group for 0 to 3 years old , and age 3 to 12 years old, locatated in centre burnaby, near the skytrain station. need licensed ECE teahers, Infant/toddler teacher, for full time, we also support teacher for LMIA progra ...]]> 2020-01-14T08:47:33-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[ECE teacher for Group daycare, can help for LMIA (metrotwon)]]> text 2020-01-14T08:47:33-08:00 <![CDATA[READING TOWN SEEKS ENGLISH and/or MATH TEACHERS (BURNABY/COQUITLAM)]]> <![CDATA[Do you love to teach? Do you like working with students? Are you newly qualified and looking for teaching experience? Interested in part-time work to supplement your income? If you can say yes to any of the above, then Reading Town wants you. Readin ...]]> 2020-01-13T09:03:30-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[READING TOWN SEEKS ENGLISH and/or MATH TEACHERS (BURNABY/COQUITLAM)]]> text 2020-01-13T09:03:30-08:00 <![CDATA[Robotics/Coding Training Project Manager (Burnaby/New Westminster)]]> <![CDATA[About Us: NCS Education believes in STEAM education and is committed to collectively foster tech literacies for kids and harness the kids with the 4C’s skills of Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, and Creativity, the most important s ...]]> 2020-01-11T17:14:05-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Robotics/Coding Training Project Manager (Burnaby/New Westminster)]]> text 2020-01-11T17:14:05-08:00 <![CDATA[Math Teacher (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[CHAM Learning Centre is hiring Math Teachers Key Responsibilities Include: *Provide a one-to-one teaching experience for students grade levels 6-12. *Show evidence of adapting and differentiated instruction for all students *Develop and maintain ...]]> 2020-01-10T18:34:21-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Math Teacher (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-10T18:34:21-08:00 <![CDATA[Program Coordinator/Instructor - Education Assistant (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[Burnaby Continuing Education is looking for a qualified individual to coordinate the Education Assistant diploma program. General duties include creating the schedule, assigning instructors to teach individual courses, and supporting instructors. Ide ...]]> 2020-01-10T16:53:51-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Program Coordinator/Instructor - Education Assistant (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-10T16:53:51-08:00 <![CDATA[Spanish and/or Catalan Tutor (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[I am an SFU Political Science student from Spain who loves chatting in Spanish and wants to pay the bills teaching this language to anyone interested! I am happy to meet up at coffee shops, someone's house, parks, going for runs (I ran for SFU Track ...]]> 2020-01-10T01:30:20-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Spanish and/or Catalan Tutor (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-10T01:30:20-08:00 <![CDATA[FT - School Based Behaviour Interventionist (New Westminster)]]> <![CDATA[POSITION TITLE: Educational Instructor (i.e., Behaviour Interventionist) LOCATION: New Westminster, BC POSITION STATUS: Full Time SALARY: $18.74/hr plus extended health benefits and 2 weeks paid vacation HOURS OF WORK: Monday to Friday 8:00am – ...]]> 2020-01-09T10:39:58-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[FT - School Based Behaviour Interventionist (New Westminster)]]> text 2020-01-09T10:39:58-08:00 <![CDATA[Part -time science educators and presenters (BC Lower Mainland)]]> <![CDATA[We are recruiting university science graduates looking for careers in science education. The jobs involve presenting science workshops at primary schools across the region and supervising our Science Made Fun programs at various sites. The successful ...]]> 2020-01-09T09:26:36-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Part -time science educators and presenters (BC Lower Mainland)]]> text 2020-01-09T09:26:36-08:00 <![CDATA[Behaviour Interventionist (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[Where: Monarch House - Burnaby Position: Behavioural Interventionist City: Burnaby and surrounding areas Term: Full time/Part time Description: Monarch House is currently looking for FUN, responsible, dedicated and creative individuals to work as ...]]> 2020-01-08T09:51:13-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Behaviour Interventionist (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-08T09:51:13-08:00 <![CDATA[Behaviour Interventionist/Tutor (Burnaby/New Westminster)]]> <![CDATA[We are looking for an experienced Behaviour Interventionist/Tutor for a high functioning 14-year-old boy. You will be responsible for implementing a home-based behaviour intervention program that focuses on teaching academics, social skills, and exec ...]]> 2020-01-07T21:36:56-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Behaviour Interventionist/Tutor (Burnaby/New Westminster)]]> text 2020-01-07T21:36:56-08:00 <![CDATA[AIDE FRANCOPHONE - FRENCH HELPER (BURNABY NORTH)]]> <![CDATA[On cherche une aide Francophone. Une Femme aidant les éducatrices à travailler avec les petits enfants. On a un poste à mi-temps et un poste à temps plein. Le salaire est à négocier. Envoyez votre résumé, SVP! ]]> 2020-01-07T12:42:14-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[AIDE FRANCOPHONE - FRENCH HELPER (BURNABY NORTH)]]> text 2020-01-07T12:42:14-08:00 <![CDATA[ECE - Full Time - $20-23 (New Westminster)]]> <![CDATA[ECE Staff Person Required - 37.5 hours per week. MUST HAVE VALID ECE (Early Childhood Educator) Certification Do you love working with children? Are you looking for a rewarding career in childcare? Do you have a great sense of humour - a must when ...]]> 2020-01-06T14:27:19-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[ECE - Full Time - $20-23 (New Westminster)]]> text 2020-01-06T14:27:19-08:00 <![CDATA[Hiring teachers (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[Eagles Education Group located in Burnaby is currently looking for some fun, enthusiastic, and passionate teachers who can teach Math, English, Chinese or French to children of different ages and who are ready for a long term commitment *This can be ...]]> 2020-01-06T14:03:48-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Hiring teachers (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-06T14:03:48-08:00 <![CDATA[Do you have a disability, injury or illness? Looking for work? (Burnaby - Near Gilmore SkyTrain Station)]]> <![CDATA[Neil Squire Society - Burnaby, BC Working Together Employment Program (Burnaby - Near Gilmore SkyTrain Station) Let Us Help You Get Job Ready and Land the Job You Want If you have a self-declared disability, injury or illness, we're looking for pe ...]]> 2020-01-06T11:38:18-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Do you have a disability, injury or illness? Looking for work? (Burnaby - Near Gilmore SkyTrain Station)]]> text 2020-01-06T11:38:18-08:00 <![CDATA[Experienced Behavior Interventionist (Metrotown)]]> <![CDATA[Looking for an experienced behavior interventionist to work with a 4.5 year old boy with autism. Behavior consultant and Speech & Language Pathologist will provide training and on-going supervision. Sessions are 1.5 / 2.0 hours, after school ti ...]]> 2020-01-06T10:52:22-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Experienced Behavior Interventionist (Metrotown)]]> text 2020-01-06T10:52:22-08:00 <![CDATA[STEAM Curriculum Designer for Robotics & Programming/Coding]]> <![CDATA[NCS Education believes in STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) and is committed to improving the visibility and knowledge of STEAM education in Canada to empower kids, the leader of tomorrow with the 4C’s skills of critic ...]]> 2020-01-03T10:22:33-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[STEAM Curriculum Designer for Robotics & Programming/Coding]]> text 2020-01-03T10:22:33-08:00 <![CDATA[Ece Educator full time position (Burnaby)]]> <![CDATA[At little Einstein Children's Centre we are working with children age 2.5 to 5 years old. We are looking for ECE and ECE Assistant to join our team. We have opening for: Full time Qualifications: ECE or ECE Assistant Certificate 3 reference let ...]]> 2020-01-02T12:37:12-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Ece Educator full time position (Burnaby)]]> text 2020-01-02T12:37:12-08:00 <![CDATA[Secondary English teachers are needed (Burnaby Metrotown Area)]]> <![CDATA[Reading Town is a famous learning center and we have openings for high school literature teachers. This is a 25 hr - 30 hr position. Working hours are Mon to Friday, 3 to 8 pm, and Sat 9 to 5 pm. Hourly rate is $23 - $26 / hr. Please send in your ...]]> 2019-12-28T14:45:37-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Secondary English teachers are needed (Burnaby Metrotown Area)]]> text 2019-12-28T14:45:37-08:00 <![CDATA[Tutor /Elementary, secondary and post-secondary subjects (1 Vacancy) (Burnaby and West Vancouver)]]> <![CDATA[Terms of Employment: Permanent Full-time Salary: $30.00 per hour based on a 40.00 hour workweek Anticipated start date: As soon as possible Available positions: 1 Location: 106 6994 Greenwood St., Burnaby, BC V5A 1X8 and 2223 Folkestone Wa ...]]> 2019-12-27T04:17:36-08:00 en-us copyright 2020 craigslist <![CDATA[Tutor /Elementary, secondary and post-secondary subjects (1 Vacancy) (Burnaby and West Vancouver)]]> text 2019-12-27T04:17:36-08:00
+Introduction: How to Save the World!!!
+Well, the time has come. I have been holding on to this plan for a while hoping to make some serious dough, but alas, I must let it go in hopes that it gets done. The world is more important that paying off my student loans.
+ps If anyone want to make this happen, throw me a bone, or at least give me credit.
+Step 1: Fuel of the Future Now
+Well, so I might not be able to solve every problem all at once, so I'll get specific. I'm and talking about energy and transportation.
+If you want the real energy/transportation solution it would require everyone living a life style that they don't like, so we'll have to do the next best thing.
+I'm not talking about electric, hydrogen, hybrids, veggie oil, or biodiesel. I don't expect everyone to walk to work either. I am talking about ethanol. Oooooh, I know its a bad things, but hear me out. And I am going to call it Fuel Alcohol from this point on.
+The fuel of the future is domestically produced fuel alcohol(AKA ethanol)
+Step 2: Chicken or Egg?
+We have to start somewhere. We need cars that run on alcohol before we can have everyone running on it....
+PLAN BEAUTY #1
+Everyone car on the road that uses gasoline can run on up to 10% an not void warranty. Every car on the road that uses gas can run on 20% with no modifications. Many cars can run on 40% with no mods, quite a few can run on 50% with no mods and some cars can run on 100% with no modifications.
+However, if you don't have one of these, most 4 cylinder engines can be converted for less than $400, if you save $1 per gallon, you make your money back in less than a year.
+Step 3: Where Do We Get This Alcohol
+So I am going to have take some flack for this next step, but please read everything before you comment.
+How are we going to make all of this alcohol?
+Short answer is corn.
+"But then the price of food goes up and the farmers get beat up my oil companies, right?"
+Not exactly...
+"And I "read" it takes more energy to make alcohol from corn than you get out of it."
+But....
+"And the ...."
+Hey who's Instructable is this anyway.
+Yes the price of food is going up and yes we are making more alcohol for fuel, but that is a correlation, not a relationship. I'll elaborate, months that have high ice cream sales also have high rates of drowning deaths, so to save lives, don't buy ice cream....right? No, in the summer people buy more ice cream and people swim more, so people drown more. A correlation.
+Food prices are going up because fuel prices are going up. Someone has to pay for your corn get shipped from Iowa to the chip factory in Mexico and then from the chip factory to grocery store, guess who that someone is....
+Making alcohol for fuel makes food prices go down... let me 'splain.
+In the US we make fuel alcohol from corn, why? 'Cause we grown a whole lot of corn. What do we do with that corn? We feed it to cows. My suggestion is to make fuel from the corn for the cows.
+"But what will the cows eat?"
+Stop interrupting
+The cows will eat the corn that we use to make the alcohol.
+I know, doesn't make sense. You need to know a little about rumenants and a little about yeast. Cows(rumenants) need to eat cellulose, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals etc. Notice I said nothing about carbohydrates, more specifically starch. Cows can't digest starch, it actually turns to methane (a green house gas) in their stomaches. This is where the yeast comes into play. We uses some enzymes and yeast to turn the starch in corn into alcohol...only the starch, the cellulose, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals are all left over. This is called Dried Distillers Grains (DDGs) its really good animal feed. So with the same crop we can make fuel and food, we get to use it twice, feeding animals corn without making fuel first is like throwing the fuel away. Plus farmers get to sell it twice so it is cheaper.
+Step 4: Do We Have Enough Land?
+"Yeah, but we can't really grow that much corn, it would be our whole country."
+Will some call security?
+Anyway, last year (2007) according to the UDSA we grew enough corn and fed it to cow that if we made alcohol out of it first, we could make approx. 10 billion gallons of alcohol. We also, last year, made 6 billion gallons of alcohol already. That was the potential to make 16 billion gallons of fuel.
+We have to compare that...
+"But we use 160 billion gallons of gasoline in a year. Thats not e..."
+"Come with me, sir."
+"Take your hands off me"
+"You've been warned, please come with me"
+"I'm staying right here.....ugh"
+"Move a long, nothing to see here."
+Well, now that that is taken care of, in the US we use 160 billion gallons of fuel each year, 16 doesn't seem to be a big deal. But its 16 billion....BILLION!!!!! gallons of fuel that we already have to potential to make.
+This is stage one. In a nutshell, it is making all of our animal feed crop into fuel before we feed them to animals first.
+Step 5: What About the Rest??
+Well I said that corn was the short answer. Here is the long..
+After we have the whole country on 10% fuel alcohol without planting any extra acreage or using any more water or spraying any more chemicals or burning fuel in any more tractors we change the crop. There are crops out there that make the same amount of animal feed but 6-8 times the alcohol per acre as compared to corn.
+My favorite is the Jerusalem Artichoke, which has nothing to do with Israel and is unrelated to the artichoke, it a sunflower. You can get 6 times the alcohol as you can from corn. So if we switch all of the corn to Jerusalem Artichokes, the 10% become 60%.......60% of our fuel usage from the land that is already planted.
+Step 6: Finishing Up
+Now, you might ask 60% that is still not all of our fuel. True, but here is the ....
+BEAUTY OF THE PLAN #2
+Alcohol is a much better internal combustion engine fuel. It has to do with compression ratios. I have read of DOE alcohol specific cars that get 100-150mpg on alcohol, but thats crazy, we're Americans.
+A European company has a prototype conversion kit for a diesel Saab that gets 47mph on alcohol, this is 200 horse power car, we are not talking about a Geo Metro here. A performance machine that gets double the US national average.
+If we built alcohol specific vehicles, then we can greatly improve mileage. Doubling the national average is the same as cutting the consumption in half. So the 60% is not 120% of our yearly usage. 20% surplus with no extra acreage, no extra spraying, no cutting down rain forest, no expensive tortillas.
+Its a simple plan.
+Step 7: Filling in the Holes
+How does this save the world? It sounds like it is just saving the US.
+Well the US usages the lions share of fuel in the world and between the reduction of carbon dioxide from our cars, methane from our cows and people killed over oil, I think the world would be a better place.
+Also it would serve as a great model for the rest of the world.
+I don't get how it helps farmers.
+If you have an acre of corn you can sell it to a dairy farmer for $200 or an alcohol producer for $200 or you can sell it the alcohol producer for $150 and then to the dairy for $150. You just made $300 and your customers saved $50 each.
+Sorry for the hostility, but I talk in public about this on a regular basis, and the amount of mis-information on this topic is astounding, and annoying. I encourage questions and comments.
+Be the First to Share
+Recommendations
+40 Discussions
+9 years ago on Introduction
+10 years ago on Step 7
+Well... this is a great idea, but I know people who are already developing HYDROGEN fuel from water. 100 percent safe, and the output... is water... completely reusable and you can use either salt water or freshwater. also, it also uses oxygen in the water. when the water is evaporated, the gases come back. much better miles per gallon too.
+11 years ago on Step 1
+I don't think ethanol is a good fuel, partially because it needs water, then we are depleting another resource, and we aren't even ready for desaltinzation, or whatever we do to turn ocean water into fresh water, plus I don't believe in hydrogen, which means two other alternatives, but biofuel also water so I'll go with electric (P.S. electric cars are maintenance free, while internal combustion engines are relativley expensive to maintain)
+Reply 10 years ago on Introduction
+Unfortunately, electric cars have their considerable downsides as well. First of all, the electricity required to charge them is created by power plants, and the power plants that pump out the most (and the most reliable) power are fueled by oil, coal, or natural gas. Renewable energy has yet to be developed widely enough to provide the amount of energy required to fuel an entire economy based on electric cars. The other nasty is about the batteries. Admittedly, internal combustion vehicles have batteries as well, but an electric car must choose between larger battery banks or decreased range. Those batteries are ecological disasters, often containing lead, always containing caustic acids, and (with the newer ones) housing highly reactive elements. The final problem is one I've already mentioned, and that's range. Most electric cars have a range of anywhere from sixty to a hundred miles--barely enough for a two-hour round trip. While that may be enough for some, it has serious limitations. So electric needs a lot of work, too.
+11 years ago on Introduction
+you can use a fuel magnet befre my dads car ran 21mpg now its 32mpg
+11 years ago on Step 7
+Ok economicly this is a great idea but ethanol is not really a clean burning fuel. For every molecule of ethanol that is produced by fermentation, two molecules of CO2 are produced...and we havent even burned it yet. We're still going to have a big problem with global warmng due to the greenhouse gases. Also, we will still produce some smog because of burned oil from the IC engines. I believe that we're all going to have to get all of our energy from the wind and sun. Every household will need to generate their own electricity to power either electric cars, or to make hydrogen for hydrogen cars.
+Reply 11 years ago on Step 7
+Have you considered the CO2 output from the production of batteries for an electric car? The CO2 produced by fermentation is canceled out by the CO2 stored by the growth of the plant in the first place. Next years crop will reabsorb the CO2 produced by this years fermentation. And I might add that the air coming out of an alcohol burning engine is much cleaner than the average air going in...so... it is actually cleaning the smog from the air. Hydrogen is good; but we're not there yet, there is still the electricity needed to break the HH-O bond. Nuclear would be the most "green." My question is how much energy are we using to produce the alcohol? It seems to defeat the CO2 emissions gain, but I would prefer to use a wood fueled "continuous still" because I'm not a global warming sycophant. Wood is easy to come by in Montana.
+11 years ago on Introduction
+Obviously.. ethanol fueled cars is NOT the future. A BIG NONO!
+Because combustion = carbon, and carbon = bad, thats not how you save the world.
+The future is Electric cars, fueled with electricity, that comes from the SUN! YES!
+(or wind, or any REAL renewable energy source!)
+Reply 11 years ago on Introduction
+If you think that all CO2 is bad, then you better stop breathing.....you are exhaling a greenhouse gas.
+The difference between your breath and the CO2 from burning gas/oil/other fossil fuel is that your CO2 came from your food. Which came from its food. which, depending on you diet, at some point came from the CO2 in the atmosphere. How you say?...plants breath in CO2. They turn it into O2 and hydro-carbons, like starch, sugar and cellulose. You eat it and turn it back to CO2, they breath and make HC's, you eat..CO2, HC;s......get the picture. Its a closed cycle. The same amount of CO2 is always there.
+However oil, which once was plants and animals millions of years ago when there was more CO2 in the atmosphere and there were no polar ice caps and the earth was much hotter, has been stored...prevented from returning to the air, hence a cooler planet, polar ice caps and the current amount of CO2. Burning this puts "new" CO2 in the air. CO2 that is not part of our cycle. Thus increasing the amount in the atmosphere.
+I do like the idea of electric cars. There are some problems...
+1) most of the electricity in the US comes from burning coal
+2) if all of cars were electric, we would more than likely quadruple the amount of electricity that we use
+3) batteries are a dirty business, very polluting to make/dispose of
+4) 240,000,000 cars on the road in the us(depending on which google search you believe). None of them can be easily or cheaply made to be electric. Thats a lot of cars to throw away and replace. Every car on the road can be quickly/cheaply/reliably made to run on ethanol or biodiesel
+5) $$$ some big business man has proposed making all of our electricty from wind. at the ticket of 1trillion or so. Making ethanol plants will cost $60billion. Thats a big difference.
+Thanks for the comment.
+Reply 11 years ago on Introduction
+And don't forget that you also have to breath in a certain amount of CO2, since breathing too much pure oxygen would give you constant headaches, and just wouldn't be good for you.
+Reply 11 years ago on Introduction
+Well, for now, the ethanol powered cars are a better solution because it works better than solar powered cars (at least now, since they only work in full sunlight). Maybe later in the future, when solar cells/panels are much more effective, maybe then we could use Solar cars more often. But as of now, this method with ethanol is ALOT better.
+Reply 11 years ago on Introduction
+the carbon in the air is drawn into the plants when they grow and burning them would produce no more carbon hen taken away from the atmosphere.
+let me put it this way is this extra carbon going to come from?
+11 years ago on Introduction
+I saved the world!!!
+11 years ago on Step 1
+@cjpmann: killerjackalope explains that alcohol is made from food crops, and that's why (he thinks) it's not the solution. Instead of backing up your opinion, you provide a link to a commercial Web site that makes money from promoting alcohol as a fuel. Do you have any actual facts to support your position, and can you refute the obvious fact that using food crops to produce fuel will reduce the amount of available food?
+Reply 11 years ago on Step 1
+According to the USDA and the US grain council websites, a large majority of the corn grown in the US in not food. Repeat... NOT FOOD. Corn is animal feed. You can make alcohol from corn or many other and better crops and the waste product is animal food, so making alcohol does not displace food. Alcohol might increase the price of corn, but it will decrease the price of Dried Distillers Grains which is better animal feed. Cheaper DDG's off sets the more expensive Field Corn, which is a different crop and a different market for sweet corn which is the food that people eat. As far as the alcohol can be a gas site, I know David Blume personally and while we do not see eye to eye on many things, I do know that he does not make money promoting alcohol. He has been an advocate since the 80's and is a professional Permaculturalist and permaculture teacher. The major idea......CORN IS NOT FOOD.
+11 years ago on Introduction
+I don't know if your numbers add up either, but generally speaking, in makes sense. You can tell some people that commented didn't actually read it, and some people read the opposite somewhere, and that'must be the gospel truth. Open mind people. Check facts, not news stories. Then check the facts again.
+11 years ago on Step 7
+Wonderful! Now all we need to do is get governmental people to read this, and we can get started!
+11 years ago on Step 7
+Many kinds of hydrogen production release carbondioxide as well though. There are worse greenhouse gases then CO2 though, I think methane is one of them. Of course we need some greenhouse gases to keep our planet from freezing, just finding the balance is what is our problem. It seems that using wind, solar & hydro power in order to generate other sources of higher energy fuels may be the best bet, and I gotta say that is very impressive to remove the starch from corn before feeding the animals (and reduce the methane), and is the right road to start on for our oil addicted society.
+11 years ago on Step 3
+The other thing that drives up the price of the food is speculators - "corn will be used for fuel so let's charge more!" is the line of thought...
+11 years ago on Introduction
+Very interesting information. I live in the corn belt. I also live in an area with several ethanol plants. Anyone who still claims we are trading "food for fuel" in this process has never talked to a corn producer or a cattle producer. They have also never walked through a cow pasture. I have done all three. Often whole corn passes through a cow just like it passes through a human, virtually untouched. Farmers for the first time in decades are making a profit from corn rather than from government handouts and cattle operations are thrilled to feed DDGs to the cows. As rimar2000 said "I don't know if your numbers are correct, but I think the general idea is correct."
+The.
+For reference: StevenDPX=Steve, Suikoinfinity=James, Prota=Anthony, Hachi76=David, Daikuma=Bryan, LSlick=Lewis, Venusbull=Jikelmis, xhipsterpanda=Jon
+Daikuma: I have a ton of good expectations for the Wii U because of what Nintendo did for Platinum Games.
+StevenDPX: I’ve been noticing that too. It’s making me wonder if some kind of major deal might be struck between Nintendo and Platinum Games. Nintendo seems to be utilizing them way better than SEGA did.
+Daikuma: Can’t wait.
+Venusbull: I personally think it is going to be better this time around. Like, they dealt with so many backlashes due to the previous console, they certainly learned from their mistakes. I’m kind of hyped for what exclusives will come out for the system later on in its lifecycle.
+Suikoinfinity: Let’s not forget, Nintendo wasn’t so much the problem last generation as it was Nintendo of America. We were denied quite a few fabulous games, and I’m sure Japan and hopefully Europe were spared shovelware shit like Ninjabread Man.
+One thing they were guilty of was forcing the Wii-mote use and toning down or ignoring the fact that up until the last Wii revision, the console had gamecube ports! I bought Pikmin with its New Play Control expecting that they would at least retain Gamecube support for those who preferred that control method, but there was no option to change it. Donkey Kong Country Returns controls like shit if you’re playing coop and have to shake the controller to roll. It could have at least had classic controller support, but no.
+Now that we have a new console and controller, the Wiimote can finally enjoy life in the back seat. I can live with single player games that force using the gamepad/touch screen as long as the couch coop games allow different control methods.
+Nintendo’s making strides with their online system: holy shit friend codes are outta here. Maybe now I’ll actually care to add my friends to the console, especially if there’s the chance I’ll be able to play more than an awful Mario Kart iteration with them.
+Look at the 3DS. The Fire Emblem series has been getting increasingly difficult lately and we have a new one due out in March. Some are also calling Paper Mario: Sticker Star one of the most hardcore games on the handheld. It looks like they’re getting their act together, now that it’s become clearer how unreliable the casual market can be. They might be good for selling a console and a couple of games, but it’s the more dedicated gamers like you and me that keep their sales consistent.
+Reggie has let me down many times, but I have no doubt a whole library of excellent games are on the way. Will we get them? Hopefully recent movements like Operation Rainfall provided NoA the wake-up call they desperately need.
+Fire Emblem Awakening will be coming out next year in March, bring with it increased difficulty compared to previous iterations. Could this be a sign of Nintendo hardening up after the Wii?
+StevenDPX: On the games side of things I like where the Wii U is going so far. True its got mostly ports of games already released, but a lot of them already have the DLC included on the disc, like Batman Arkham City and Mass Effect 3. So in essence if you’re getting a Wii U, you might be saving a lot of money in getting the full experience these games. The original stuff is looking good too, like ZombiU and The Wonderful 101. And they netted themselves Bayonetta.
+For Nintendo itself, they really gotta stop the Japan-Only bullshit. I notice most people say that Nintendo doesn’t do a lot original stuff. The reality is that they actually DO, but Nintendo of America puts no effort in bringing them over. Like James said, the release of Xenoblade and The Last Story seems to have made them budge just a bit. They even bothered with bringing over Fire Emblem Awakening. If I remember correctly, they didn’t do that with that Fire Emblem remake with Marth in it. [Editor’s Note: Suikoinfinity corrects StevenDPX after he says this.]
+For me, I’m more curious with how Nintendo, as a company, will do this generation. Ever since The N64, Nintendo’s been making some pretty dumb choices. Then there’s Yamauchi that ran his mouth off when he said that RPGs were for no life basement dwellers. Then the Gamecube happened. In hindsight, the Gamecube was a great console. But geez was it tough being a Nintendo fan back then. The Wii brought them back to the forefront, but the “Cammie Dunaway Years” was probably the worst moment in Nintendo’s history. Nintendo seems to be coming back in a big way, and I’m hoping they continue this momentum going into the Wii U and not make some outright bone-headed moves like Wii Music and Pac-Man Vs. as an E3 main event.
+Suikoinfinity: We got Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon actually, so there is a lot of Marth love to go around. Haven’t gotten around to playing it, but I’ve heard mixed reviews. One thing we never got was Disaster: Day of Crisis which is probably one of the finest Wii games most of you never played. Fatal Frame fans got fucked over too.
+StevenDPX: Wait, we got Shadow Dragon!? When did this happen? See, that’s another thing I wish Nintendo fixes with the Wii U: Actually advertise some of your games. It always seems like if there’s no Mario, Zelda, or Metroid in the name, it doesn’t get advertised much.
+And it’s a sad fate with Disaster: Day of Crisis. Not only may it never come out in the U.S. after the Japan earthquake and Tsunami, I think Hurricane Sandy might’ve sealed the deal. Lots of games around that time in Japan got altered for the sake of showing respect, but hoo boy… And yeah, Fatal Frame. Buy hey, maybe the Wii U might call for an international resurgence in that series. Imagine the Gamepad as the camera!
+Disaster: Day of Crisis. One of the many games Nintendo of America refused to bring over during the Wii’s lifecycle
+Prota: I hate to break it to you Steven, but Disaster: Day of Crisis wasn’t coming out here even before the earthquake and tsunami. Reggie went on record saying that he didn’t feel the game was worth $50 and that it had “laughable” audio. He was all over Wii Music at the time though. Now THAT was worth $50 in his eyes. Seriously, Monolithsoft has made two of the best games the Wii has to offer, yet NoA didn’t plan on bringing either of them to the west. We were lucky just to get Xenoblade, but it’s still a shame Disaster never came over. One of my biggest worries with the Wii U is whether or not it really will cater more to core gamers.
+Of course, we already can see that Nintendo is at least trying. Bayonetta 2 is a big push in the right direction, but I’m really hoping to see more. WiiU versions of games that have been out for months aren’t exactly the most thrilling. And while you make it a point to say that the value for these games are good due to the included DLC, I don’t think you’re really saving much money. Batman Arkham City has a GOTY version that you could get for pretty cheap and for the same price as the Wii U version of Mass Effect 3 you can get the whole trilogy. Unless you really want to check out the gamepad functions, I don’t see too much merit in these. At least Ninja Gaiden 3 is adding new features unavailable in the other versions. And I want to see more games, like The Wonderful 101, that make me want to buy the system for them.
+There’s a lot of potential in the Wii U, I’m just not convinced enough for a day-one purchase. But if NoA can get their heads on straight and the system continues to have good third-party support, then I can see the Wii U really come into its own.
+xhipsterpanda: I got to play around with the Wii U at Best Buy. Only downside was that you couldn’t play any demos, just use the remote to navigate the menu and watch trailers for launch games. It seems like an interesting console, but I’m going to wait a while before deciding to invest in one. I’m usually very iffy about getting a console at launch.
+Suikoinfinity: What’s the point if you can’t test out a game? They could at least put a Nintendo Land game or two to try out…
+The thing about launch consoles are that they’re either really bad or really good. I was unfortunate enough to wait til the PS3 lost its full backwards compatibility. And until the 3DS hit the market, the only survivor out of one launch model, 2 DS Lites and 1 DSi was the old brick. As we all know by now, later models shave off the size, and usually durability and features go right along with it.
+Then again, the PSP didn’t get TV output until its second model I believe (I’m still waiting, Vita). Wii U preorders are apparently so backed up that most of you guys might not even be able to get the console anytime soon even if you wanted to… which might not be so bad if the launch was like for the 3DS, but I have a lot more faith in the Wii U starting library. I’m also keeping my fingers crossed that I get shipped a console that doesn’t bust in 2 years.
+I was the only guy around with a Wii for a while, so it’s nothing new. Still waiting for people to get a 3DS so I can play Code of Princess. With the Wii U I can at least invite you guys over so we can go wild on Nintendo Land just like some of us did with Wii Boxing so many years ago.
+While there are demo stations in retailers now, you can only watch trailers on them. No games are playable.
+StevenDPX: Waiting it out is one thing I’ll probably do this generation. Besides money being pretty tight for me right now, I’m kinda sick of being burned by getting a console/handheld early on. My PS2 has that Disc Read Error bug (and thus can’t read some PS1 and Blue-Disc PS2 games). My original DS has a broken hinge, a jittery touchscreen, and shitty shoulder buttons. The 360 Red Ringed. And my launch Wii has some issues reading dual-layered discs. If those pre-orders are backed up, it’s fine by me. I’ll probably wait it out to see if any improvements are made to the console itself. Shit, I’m reaping the benefits of having gotten some really cheap games for the PS2, GBA, and DS.
+The Wii U’s looking to be a good console coming out the gate, and the launch line-up holds up pretty good. If this was any other time, I’d be on the console. But as it stands, I’ll be waiting both for a better situation and for any improvements made to the console as time goes on. But I’ll try out some NintendoLand at James’! Still gotta give back your camera!
+Hachi76: To understand my feelings on the Wii-U, let me give some context. I was an early adopter of the Wii, I stood on the Best Buy lines, with their tickets and their limited supplies. Yeah, remember those? Good times, I was 9 of 20 in my line when I got my Wii a cold winter’s morning in January. My first four games were Twilight Princess, WarioWare Smooth Moves, Elebits and Rayman Raving Rabbids.
+In a strange, funny way, looking back on it years later, the initial purchase was almost an allegory for the entirety of the Wii’s existence. Two minigame collections, one slightly more substantial (though still quite liked) gimmickfest, and…Zelda. For the first two years, business with the system was pretty consistent, but like most of us, my Wii fell into major disuse after 2009, with me at one point going an entire year without touching it. When something would hit, it would hit hard, and it’ seen some use recently due to some late life surges with Rayman Origins (a multiplatform personal choice, to be fair) and The Last Story, but generally speaking, the high amounts of shovelware and general lack of support have led to it being waylaid while my others took precedent.
+With all that lead in, we get to my point. The Wii-U, I think, is going to be the victim of gunshy gamers and disheveled everymen. The ones who don’t really play games all that much, who bought the Wii as a “novelty”, are not really gonna want to fork over more money for, well, more novelty. More concerning is the more devoted gamers, us of the hobby itself, who have been burned firsthand for the past few years. The thought of investing in yet another thing to just gather dust seems rather unappetizing at this point, especially with the quality material still coming out for the other two consoles, handhelds, and the recent triumphant return of PC gaming into my life, not that it ever really left, I can’t see the point. A console is a big investment on anyone’s plate, and you need enough reasons to grab one. I think when the Wii came out, we were all slightly drunk on possibility, and although the launch lineup there was solid, we adopted anyway because of what the Wii meant for the future, what it would offer down the line. And although some of my fave experiences of the past gen were on the Wii (SMG2, No More Heroes), deprived of that sort of shall we say “trust” in the future, the proposition seems…darker.
+For my money, I think I will be waiting to get the system for a little while, at least. Does the Wii-U have some exciting ideas? Yes, of course. Creative use of the pad has as much potential to revolutionize the gaming scene as the Wiimote did in its early days. And that launch lineup is certainly something to be admired, although of course one must mention the amount of ports. The presence of known “Gamer’s games” developers like Kamiya and Mikami here at the outset also seems a good sign, and their titles are on my radar quite prominently. Bayonetta 2 alone would be enough for me to pay attention to ANY lineup. But then again, recall that there was a time when they tried to force deeper, more effort-centric games on the Wii and they died in the crib (Madworld, anyone?). Can Nintendo get over their fear of financial reprisal and take more chances, or will they end up, much like the alluded to audience in this concept, too afraid to trust?
+As a final point for late adoption, mentioning Madworld above calls to mind that Nintendo is sort of like a console boulder rolling down a game hill, to use an obtuse metaphor. It starts out strong merely through virtue of, well, actually MOVING. But it takes time to pick up its speed, and when it does, we get our No More Heroes‘ and our Madworlds and our JRPGs and of course our Mario Galaxys. Only time will tell if, this time, Nintendo can make the slope a little longer and a little steeper…
+And to call back to Anthony, yes, let’s see if Nintendo’s localization division can make some… better decisions this time out.
+Some of the more dedicated games on the Wii suffered from little-to-no advertising. Either that, or the advertising did little to inform the public of what exactly the game was. Case in point…
+Suikoinfinity: Dave, the problem with your attitude is that it would just continue the cycle of Nintendo catering to the demographic of gamers who support their console from the start. Casuals bought the shit out of the Wii, and look at what happened to their library when the core games started flopping. Shovelware and Wii Music. You mentioned Madworld and No More Heroes — where were the core gamers when those products needed some sales?
+You can talk all you want about your disappointment (as can I), and we can speak for the whole lot of us who bought the Wii at launch expecting more, but the fate of new IPs and serious games on the Wii was sealed by what sold good and what did not.
+I know trust takes a while to build back, but the games we get in the future will be shaped by the games that sell on the console from the beginning. What kind of message are you giving when Nintendo tries to change their ways and you’re not there to buy Bayonetta 2 or The Wonderful 101 because you’re strategically observing how the console pans out? It might not matter because you’re one person, but I’ve heard the same shit from a number of people. They can’t wait for the niche games, but can wait for price drops or security. Aside from Steve who pointed out that he’s broke, I’m disgusted by the passive “Yeah, I’m gonna wait and see how things fare” attitude that’s going around.
+One thing I’m guilty (along with a lot of other people) of is waiting for games to go on sale before buying them. I partially blame myself for the failures of Enslaved and Majin and the Forsaken Kingdom because I didn’t buy ’em until they found their way to the bargain bin… and, you know, games are usually in the bargain bin when they sell like dishes filled with my own shit. I can buy Kingdoms of Amalur now that the price is down, but it’s too late to save a whole company. Buying a game months down the line is like not buying it at all as long as primary sales figures are concerned.
+If the Wii U falls victim to anything, it’s going to be the sad cluster of gamers who wonder where the original and core games are but are at the same time not around to buy the bones Nintendo throws at them. They’re usually the first to complain and cry “kiddy console” too.
+You guys who are all demanding good stuff on the Wii U, keep standing on the sidelines. Observe as the only games that sell are the Marios, the Zeldas and the Metroids. While you’re at it, let the fickle casual market decide the fate of what gets released. Budgeted shovelware games practically defined the Wii in America, why? Because soccer moms and grandpas can’t tell good games from their varicose veins. Let ’em define another generation.
+Nintendo, especially NoA might not have made the best choices lately, but they’re only half the problem.
+Hachi76: Oh, I don’t disagree with anything you’re saying. Indeed, it is a twofold problem. But the thing is, like most gamers of my ilk, I have to pick and choose what I invest in. And part of the vicious cycle or not, I simply cannot place this much money on such a risky proposition.
+Suikoinfinity: That’s what sucks. We’re not exactly the richest people on the planet and choose to support multiple current consoles and PC. Not only that, but Nintendo’s raising the stakes by entering 60$/game territory.
+At that price point, risky game development might become even less palatable. It raises questions too such as “What makes NSMBW worth 50 and NSMBU worth 60″. Do we get more content for the higher prices? If they made Super Mario Galaxy 3, would it be even bigger in scope than 2 was?
+My logic is that Nintendo can’t afford to play it safe this time around. Not when they want to pander to the mainstream and the niche crowds for survival, cause the previously mentioned soccer moms and grandpas might start raising eyebrows at having to pay even more for games. One advantage I forgot mentioning about the Wii is that it had cheaper games than 360/PS3. That appeal is gone now and they’re gonna need us more than ever if they plan to make it.
+Hachi76: The only apprehension I have given the seemingly good logic there is the initiative they once showed which went… nowhere. Remember when SEGA was gonna put out like 3 really, really mature, gamer focused games Madworld among them. They did, but they barely marketed them and so they withered on the vine. I think Nintendo has even more of a job, they not only have to get us back, they need to not be afraid of offending their other demographic…
+Supposed “hardcore” games on the Wii suffered from a conundrum of gamers wanting games like this, but not buying them. (pictured: Dead Space Extraction)
+StevenDPX: Shoot, I remember when Guitar Hero III came out on all three consoles. This highest selling version was the Wii version, and the difference between the Wii version and the PS3/360 version was 10 bucks. The price range for the Wii games partially explains why my Wii library is larger than my PS3 games. But now I think more than ever people will be more keen on what games they think are worth $60, especially now that the playing field is level.
+On the downside, like James mentions, is that those who wait for a price drop will contribute to a game’s potential failure. But that’s what some publishers want us to believe. To me, it is not us waiting that makes the games fail, but the companies that think they can get away with selling a 4-hour campaign with minimal content for $60. Alongside Nintendo, all videogame companies need to let go of this overblown conceit that we should be thankful they’re even giving us a game and not be “entitled.” I want to see a game MADE by VIDEOGAME DEVELOPERS and not a bunch of investors and CEOs with lavish digs and Ferraris.
+Also, as David said, ADVERTISE! That stint with SEGA on the Wii was probably the saddest series of events to happen on the system. Madworld, House of the Dead Overkill, and The Conduit (somewhat) were some pretty great games on the system, especially the first two. But damn what the advertising lacking. I barely saw a commercial for Madworld and Overkill.
+Prota: There is no one factor in determining how well or poorly the Wii U will do. But in response to James’ comment earlier about those waiting on the sidelines who hope to see some good come out of the console, there is nothing wrong with waiting. Do I want to see the Wii U do well? Sure thing, but by not purchasing it at launch I am not dooming the console to failure. Regardless of who you are, times are rough and money spent needs to be justified. This month I’ve been debating on what to spend some saved up money on, and decided to invest in purchasing a new PC rather than opt for a Vita or the Wii U. I just found that to be the most appealing option and can’t afford to buy everything that may tickle my fancy.
+Waiting to see how things fare is completely reasonable. Did I purchase a Wii at launch? Nope. How about my PS3? I was late on that one too. Sometimes it takes awhile to come to a conclusion on a console in regards to whether it’s good for you. I jumped the gun on getting a 360 when I expected it to be a console that would have a steady stream of exclusive RPGs and would cater to me, and that still remains one of my most regretted purchases. After waiting a bit on the Wii and then the PS3, and eventually having the money to get them, I purchased them seeing as they had the games I was looking for. The WiiU has a lot of potential, but I’m not sorry that what I’ve seen so far is not enough to have me lay down the dough for a day-one purchase. Am I waiting for a price drop? No, if I had enough interest in the console I’d have it pre-ordered just like the rest and my PC would have had to wait. What I’m waiting for is to be convinced that this is something I really want. And I think some others may feel the same way.
+I also agree with Nintendo’s marketing being lack luster for anything that wasn’t first-party or casual-oriented. Great games for the Wii have already been mentioned that got little to no marketing from Nintendo. If the Wii U has some really cool things coming our way, we need to see them. Nintendo helped create the stigma that eventually plagued the Wii, so they need to work twice as hard to turn things around. Bayonetta 2 is a great start, and I commend them for that. If they can keep taking the initiative like that and really push to assist and market third-party core titles, then I can see myself picking up the Wii U down the line.
+Suikoinfinity: Dave and Steve: Madworld and the other earlier Platinum titles being poorly advertised is SEGA’s problem, if anything, Nintendo just now decided to pick up the ball they fumbled. It’s sad, but when it comes to a lot of core games, they expect us to do our own research and know about them well before the games come out. With so many news sites to do the advertising, there’s the possibility that some of these companies assume that the core demographic keeps up with release dates and that the audience is active enough to keep up with them. I had to look at release schedules since at least the PS2 days to find a lot of interesting games that weren’t being advertised – it’s nothing new.
+It might sound a little assholish, but why should advertising have to matter now? It costs a lot of money and if anyone needs to be spoonfed info on what’s coming out, it shouldn’t be the gaming demographic that can easily keep themselves up to date with a quick trip to a site that has a coming soon list like Gamestop or even Gamefaqs. I think dedicated gamers are smarter than that, and in all cynicism believe a large portion just held off for the eventual sale.
+How do I know they’re smarter than that? The Wii U sold out in days when preorders were available, and there was hardly any external advertising. All the other kids in my family (8 of them) didn’t know what the fuck the Wii U was when I mentioned it to them. Nintendo didn’t even need to advertise because for the hardware at least, the gaming community was all ears.
+Speaking of price drops, Tony, my frustration isn’t about the eventual sale, but that everybody seems indifferent about the system right now. Between me and you, we know a lot of gamers outside The Wired Fish and every single person I’ve asked said they’re going to wait, and I’m willing to wager that any Wii U discussions you’ve had with others went the same direction.
+Such widespread apathy among educated gamers suggests to me there’s something wrong. Consoles are selling, but there’s a lot of people who just want to jerk their new-tech boner and of course the Nintendo loyalists who will ensure at least the first party games sell like crazy. They’re not reliable. By the time the waiting crowd gets the Wii U, the first wave of game releases will be finished. By then it’s too late for Zombi U if it sells horribly. Some people might not even get there in time to add a Bayonetta 2 or Wonderful 101 sale when it matters.
+And again, I’ve bashed Nintendo and consumers over the course of this discussion to stress that core games selling poorly and Nintendo (especially of America) revoking great games seems to be one great big cycle. You mentioned what Reggie had to say about Disaster, but only 5 months later Madworld bit the dust. Figures talk, and apparently, more people were out buying Wii Music; in a way bringing truth to his claim. If our relationship (as a gaming community) with Nintendo is going to be salvaged, both us and the company have to solidify that commercial bond. It seems to me that they’re making the right steps, but I don’t see the rest of us doing our part to meet them half-way.
+Prota: Advertising still matters in the sense that Nintendo needs to let consumers know what their system has to offer. They need to convince dedicated gamers that this is a console they’d want. As you mentioned James, we know plenty of fellow gamers that are indifferent towards the console. I believe that most of the people I know aren’t waiting for a price drop to pick up the system, they’re just not interested in it, or not interested enough. I understand your worry for new IPs that are taking risks on the console, but that holds true for every console. I will admit though, it’ll be even riskier for those on the Wii U.
+Similar to what you were saying earlier, early adopters are really going to shape the path of the console. If Wii U owners want more core games, they have to show it by taking a few risks themselves. It all comes down to supply and demand. At the same time, the Wii U needs more ways to grab the interest of gamers who aren’t just looking forward to the next Nintendo game or various ports. It’s going to be a very give-and-take relationship, but if Nintendo sticks by its promises of a more core gaming experience on the Wii U, then they may find an eager audience waiting for them as long as they prove it.
+xhipsterpanda: I’m not all that savvy to the Wii U, but will there be some form of integration with the 3DS?
+[Editor’s Note: We forgot to answer this question. But yes, Nintendo has plans to. The next Smash Bros. comes to mind in this regard as it was confirmed to have cross-play. Also, Nintendo-Network IDs will be unified on both Wii U and 3DS]
+LSlick: Personally I am going to wait on purchasing the Wii U until more games come out. The only game that looks interesting is ZombiU and that is an exclusive. All the other games that looks decent or interesting are just ports.
+I remember when the DS first came out and I saw the launch titles. I wasn’t hyped for any of the games because they were either gimmicky or just ports. Anyway, I didn’t buy it until a full year after when Mario Kart DS, Sonic Rush, Castlevania: Dawn of Sorrow and Advance Wars: Dual Strike were all coming out around the same time. And looking back at the launch titles to the games that were released up until those games came out, there hardily was a reason to buy it the first year it came out.
+Suikoinfinity: The same goes for most of the recent handheld systems. Even the 3DS and Vita are just getting traction now after a slow start, which indicates a trend for the handheld systems definitely, but that has nothing to do with home consoles. They typically mature faster because, well, there’s a lot more on the line.
+Sony needed to grab people to stay in the game because of their ridiculous launch price. The Xbox, after a mediocre first system finally caught some success, probably from a ton of gamers who weren’t about to drop top dollar for a PS3 like me, and they needed to keep that audience satisfied. What’s the big thing for the Wii U? They’re selling consoles at a loss just like when they reduced the price of the 3DS, they might alienate their surefire casual market from last generation by raising their game prices to that of the big boys.
+With handhelds, there’s also a lot less competition than on the console market, so the stakes are raised. Here, you can afford slouching and saving the so called “AAA” games for a year later. Nobody can afford that with consoles, not with how intense the competition is becoming.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+LIMITED OFFER: Save $200 on the Grammarly Costs ANNUAL bundle. Save $200 on ANNUAL package FREE DOWNLOAD! GrammarlyGrammarly finds grammar, punctuation, spelling, word choice, as well as design mistakes as you compose on nearly any type of site on the internet, e-mail, Word records, social networks, or on your own internet site. BENEFITSHelps identify weak adjectives and also much better choices (Premium) Mentions overuse of specific wordsShows sentences that are also lengthy and also wordyLIMITED DEAL: Conserve $200 on the Premium Annual Package Grammarly is an amazing editing software, however, it has its limitations and isn’t for everyone.
+So who are the 5%? We’ll definitely cover that too. What is Grammarly as well as just how to ideal use itThe distinction between Grammarly Free as well as Grammarly PremiumA side-by-side contrast of Word, Grammarly Free, & Grammarly Premium in actionHow I utilize Grammarly in my individual and specialist daily tasks This short article makes use of associate links … I simply wish to be in advance regarding that as well as recognize that it does not raise your price … however if you do utilize my link, it helps build my coffee fund to assist me keep creating.
+In its basic kind, Grammarly is a spelling as well as grammar checker that resembles a little robotic editor angel on your shoulder at nearly all times. It detects grammar, spelling, punctuation, word selection, and also design errors as you create on nearly any website on the web, e-mail, Word records, social media, or on your very own website.
+However suffice it to say, the complimentary variation REALLY includes a great deal. Along with giving punctuation and grammar support across numerous kinds of composing, Grammarly also includes: Grammarly Cards (Consisted Of in Free)– besides simply flagging where it discovers problems, it likewise provides comprehensive explanations of grammar policies and ideas for how to stay clear of similar blunders in the future.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+Instrumental in helping you improve over time. (Consisted Of in Free)– conveniently button in between American, British, Canadian, and also Australian English language by navigating to your account and also changing your language choice. Plagiarism Mosaic (Costs Just)– Grammarly will scour the corners of the net to cross-check as well as make certain no plagiarism was performed.
+Vocabulary Enhancement (Premium Only)– assists you to increase your vocabulary as well as compose more clearly by recommending context-optimized alternatives and also synonyms for your worn-out and also repeated words– something I do a great deal! Did you notice there were some succulent words in that sentence? Many thanks, Grammarly. This program would certainly have been a pain for me if I had actually needed to open an editor and paste my writing within it every time simply to obtain it to work.
+You can type within it or publish your documents to it. Directly, I don’t utilize this much. Grammarly Free Access Code.: Reviewing most of the Facebook messages out there, I desire even more individuals had this! Install the Grammarly extension into your web internet browser and also start getting straight Grammar assistance and suggestions. I’m currently going via my previous write-ups as well as utilizing this little tool to deal with the hideous mistakes I place you with.
+I utilize this a lot!: For those of you who love Workplace and also use Windows, this is your best option. check all your writing through your keyboard also when you’re far from your computer.: If you slouch like me and have a Great Deal Of records you intend to examine rapidly, then this is for you (Grammarly Free Access Code).
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+Rather, you can promptly drag as well as drop data into the Grammarly symbol on your desktop computer as well as get your jobs examined at crazy speed. So regarding finest reveal you the distinction between the two, here is a fast side-by-side contrast of Grammarly Free vs Costs: As you can see from the Grammarly review of the free as well as exceptional variation, the totally free version really does consist of a whole lot.
+Currently, I recognize what you’re thinking. Isn’t my Word spell checker and grammar mosaic sufficient? The brief response … no. Below’s a little experiment I established so as to show the point. I took one of my short articles on Kindlepreneur (over 2,000 words) and place it right into Word. It had absolutely no spelling mistakes or grammar problems.
+Below are the results: Yeesh! Nonetheless, I’ll promptly keep in mind, a lot of the 96 problems located by Premium could be overlooked. However there were a couple that I was stunned Word spell mosaic and also grammar checker missed. Now allow’s do a Grammarly evaluation in action. To see exactly how Grammarly works and also compares to Word, below’s my Grammarly Review video clip so you can see Grammarly at work, what I love about it, as well as why it’s way far better than Word’s grammar checker: As you can see from this fast Grammarly review at work, it really supplies a whole lot.
+And there’s a paid upgrade called Premium. Below’s a review of just how much Grammarly Premium sets you back per month, quarter, or year: You can see that if you pay for Grammarly Costs for a whole year in advance rather of a month-to-month settlement, you will certainly save over $200 yearly. This is what I do, and I’ll clarify why Grammarly Premium is worth it to me.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+I pay for the costs bundle because the added advantages deserve it to me. I’m dreadful at grammar and also I such as the vocabulary improvement as well as the better improvement capability due to the high visibility of my works. Having an authority website and releasing successful books indicates there are great deals of eyes checking out (as well as critiquing) my writing.
+If you want to enhance its ability to take your contacting the following degree with vocabulary improvement and also the plagiarism checker though, after that you’ll need to spend for the Grammarly Costs upgrade. For a more affordable editing software application, inspect out my review of ProWritingAid and exactly how it stacks up compared to Grammarly.
+However, to me, Grammarly is like a composing train being in the corner that points out what you are doing incorrect, provides you a description, and also also offers instances of exactly how to boost. Up until now, Grammarly has aided me to identify: Weak adjectives and better alternatives (Costs) Overuse of particular wordsSentences that are also lengthy as well as wordyBut that’s not the best component.
+From my regular record card, I discovered that I require to quit finishing sentences in prepositions as well as stop making use of squinting modifier– many thanks to Grammarly, I now recognize what those are. In reality, I have actually never comprehended these phrases. today, as if my secondary school English instructor is back, I obtain real-time corrections, descriptions, and also definitions of these confusing terms.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+Yet do I now have a method to obtain real-time modifications and also advice for my writing? Yes.you wish to stay clear of humiliating typos, misspellings, and also grammar mistakesyou wish to enhance your composing to make it more clear, interesting, and conciseyour indigenous language is not English and also you intend to share content in Englishyou desire a device that instantly checks your writing on practically any type of websiteyou hire ghostwriters or want to look for plagiarismAs you can see from this Grammarly evaluation, it can actually do a whole lot.
+I’m sorry to break the information that while I’ve received this evaluation of Grammarly Costs as well as Free, both are useful modifying device to have in your collection; however, Grammarly There are things it will miss that only a human editor can find. Occasionally it misses points in the context and also the feedback it provides is just so good. Grammarly Free Access Code.
+For a person like me who creates regularly in visitor messages, blog site write-ups, e-mails, comments, podcast notes, as well as social media, it can be an additional collection of eyes. Yet do not think that it will certainly assist you to remove the modifying sets you back for your publications. Instead right here are legit methods to cut modifying expenses that you can implement, yet absolutely do NOT skip employing an editor completely for your book.
+I’m a fan of Grammarly as a totally free tool, and also for me, Grammarly Premium is worth the cost. Below’s a summary of what Grammarly can do for you: For many writers, writers, and also blog writers the totally free version of Grammarly suffices and need to belong of your checking arsenalGrammarly should be your initial line of defense, but not only depend onGrammarly ought to not replace an editor for your bookUsing Grammarly and also their coverage also if you have not yet, let Grammarly assist you enhance your composing currently.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+You need help. That’s why you’re looking into Grammarly, right?With the world relying on the online as well as computer room, having a trusted way of guaranteeing your grammar is almost excellent each time is essential. No issue if you’re a blog writer, striving to be a successful writer, or simply want an app to look after the technical facets of composing throughout numerous platforms (consisting of e-mail– thank benefits!), Grammarly may be the solution for you.
+Right, as well as extra. Appears wonderful, right?But there are definitely restrictions– similar to any composing software program such as this.
+As somebody that has actually used Grammarly’s free program for a few years while building a freelance creating organisation, I can with confidence state that if you’re not using it,. However there might be functions you need that aren’t available with the free or even exceptional variations. FeaturesFreePremiumGrammar as well as punctuation checks ” ” Checks spelling grammar, context, and sentence structureX ” Vocabularly enhacementX ” Genre-specific writing style checksX ” Plagiarism detector (check out 16 billions internet pages) X ” As you understand as well as disadvantages that occur with Grammarly. Allow’s dive right into this Grammarly evaluation as well as discuss each carefully and also what you can anticipate if you choose to utilize it for all your writerly requirements.
+Grammarly Free Access Code
+These are a few of lots of pros this writing software needs to use. This is fantastic and has actually transformed the video game when it concerns inspecting your work as well as editing much faster. Rather than writing whatever out and after that clicking the “check punctuation and grammar” button, you’ll understand right when you slip up that you have, in reality, made a mistake.
+And let me tell you, if I could see the errors as they occur, I can alter them immediately, leading to a cleaner last result. And also, it’s all automated. You do not need to click a switch for Grammarly to do its job. This grammar software program does not make a lot of mistakes.
+And when you’re checking grammar, accuracy is always best. Just recognize why it’s asking you to alter something as well as just accept if it’s appropriate. Grammarly does not simply tell you when something is incorrect. While that would entirely be alright, this program goes an action even more with explanations so you can comprehend in order to find out and also boost.
+You can do a quick-view to make the modification with little aid like listed below: The more you make use of Grammarly, the a lot more you’ll comprehend where commas go, how to expression particular sentences appropriately, and also just how you can reinforce your creating altogether. Also if you’re making use of the cost-free version of Grammarly, it’s rather personalized provided its constraint in attributes.
+[sspostsincat category=”grammarly”]
+Evaluating the performance of interpreting Verbal Autopsy 3.2 model for establishing pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of death in Ethiopia: a population-based cross-sectional study
+- Sebsibe Tadesse1 and
+- Takele Tadesse1Email author
+DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-1039
+© Tadesse and Tadesse; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
+Received: 6 July 2012
+Accepted: 26 November 2012
+Published: 29 November 2012
+Abstract
+Background
+In resource- poor settings, verbal autopsy data are often reviewed by physicians in order to assign the probable cause of death. But in addition to being time and energy consuming, the method is liable to produce inconsistent results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of the InterVA 3.2 model for establishing pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of death in comparison with physician review of verbal autopsy data.
+Methods
+A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2012. All adults aged ≥14 years and died between 01 January 2010 and 15 February 2012 were included in the study. Data were collected by using a pre-tested and modified WHO designed verbal autopsy questionnaire. The verbal autopsy interviews were reviewed by the InterVA model and the physicians. Cohen’s kappa statistic, receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity, and specificity values were applied to compare the agreement between the InterVA model and the physician review.
+Results
+A total of 408 adult deaths were studied. The proportion of tuberculosis-specific mortality was established to be 36.0% and 23.0% by the InterVA model and the physicians, respectively. The InterVA model predicted pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of death with the probability of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75-0.85). In classifying all deaths as tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis, the sensitivity and specificity values were 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. A moderate agreement was found between the model and physicians in assigning pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of deaths [kappa= 0.5; 95% CI: (0.4-0.6)].
+Conclusions
+This study has revealed that the InterVA model showed a more promising result as a community-level tool for generating pulmonary tuberculosis-specific mortality data from verbal autopsy. The conclusion is believed to provide policymakers with a highly needed piece of information for allocating resources for health intervention.
+KeywordsThe InterVA model Pulmonary tuberculosis Cause of death
+Background
+Developing countries generally lack consistent, timely, and reliable information on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB)-specific causes of death (COD) in their populations [1]. Vital registration data are incomplete and contain only few physician-certified deaths [2]. Nevertheless, any meaningful health intervention policy and/or program must be informed by the [4, 5], but there appears several concerns that arise from using this methodology to interpret VA data. First, physicians may differ systematically in their methods of interpreting VA data owing to their training, experience, and/or perceptions of local epidemiology. Hence, there may be inter- and intra-reviewer variability among physicians that may lead to inconsistencies in COD data hindering reliable temporal and spatial comparisons of mortality [6, 7]. Second, the physician review process often demands a considerable amount of physician time and can incur remunerative costs [8].
+Various alternative methods to the physician review of VA data have been introduced. These include the use of expert/data-driven algorithms, neural networks, and the InterVA model. Algorithms and neural networks are said to have the advantage of being quicker, more transparent, and more consistent in comparison to the physician review [9–11]. However, investigations on their validity have been so inconclusive that their use remains limited [9, 11]. The use of the InterVA model to interpret VA data is a relatively new methodology that has just been explored successfully in a number of settings [12–14]. This computer-based probabilistic program is said to have the advantage of achieving maximum consistency in interpreting VA data [12, 14, 15]. Moreover, it requires minimal time and labor resources, especially in comparison with the physician review method. Also, it is freely available in the public domain, making it ideal for resource-constrained settings [16].
+According to a rural community-based validation study conducted in Butajira, Ethiopia [12], the InterVA model established PTB as a COD for 33% of all deaths. Another study carried out in Kenya [17] showed that 31% of all deaths were due to PTB as assigned by the InterVA model, and only 9.9% as assigned by the physicians. Physicians assigned 6.4% of deaths to PTB while the Model assigned 21.3% to the same cause according to a South African study [18].
+Many studies have investigated the validity of the InterVA model as a tool for assigning COD [14, 19, 20]. A validation study in Kenya [21] indicated the overall diagnostic ability of the model to be 0.82% when compared against the physician. A moderate level of agreement with [kappa=0.42; 95% CI: (0.37-0.48)] was found between the physician and the model in assigning PTB as a COD in a Kenyan comparative validation study [22].
+As a means of promoting effective and sustainable TB control and to influence policy decisions, TB mortality information is one of the critical areas for evaluating the progress and impact of interventions. In response to this, the current study is designed to evaluate the performance of the InterVA model as the physician alternative method for generating PTB-specific death data from VAs in northern Ethiopia.
+Methods
+Map of Ethiopia, Dabat district and Dabat HDSSs.
+Study participants and data collection
+All adults aged ≥14 years and died between 01 January 2010 and 15 February 2012 in the study area were included in the study. The period from 01 January 2010 to 15 February 2012 was preferred in order to obtain an adequate number of deaths without marked implication on recall bias. It is believed that adult deaths are remembered very well.
+Pre-tested and modified WHO and INDEPTH [24, 25] designed VA questionnaire was used to collect the data. The VA questionnaire included open narrative, medical histories, of field data collection participated in the data collection processes. After obtaining a written informed sequence of symptoms were mentioned). The principal investigator and the supervisors coordinated the interview process, made spot-checks, and reviewed the completed questionnaires on daily bases to ensure the completeness and consistency of the data collected. They also conducted random quality checks by re-interviewing about 10% of the respondents. The VA questionnaire was pre-tested to identify potential problem areas, unanticipated interpretations, and cultural objections to any of the questions on 25 respondents with similar characteristics with the study subjects nearby Dabat district. Based on the pre-test results, the questionnaire was adjusted contextually. Data entry was carried out by the principal investigator and another independent data clerk and was then compared to check for any variation in results.
+Interpretation of the inter VA model
+The InterVA 3.2 Model and the physician reviewed the same basic data from the VA questionnaire independently.
+Physician interpretation
+Two independent physicians reviewed each VA questionnaire independently to assign a single COD based on ICD-10. The ICD-10 list had unique codes for diseases, signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury [15]. (including age, sex, physical signs and symptoms, medical history, and the circumstances of death) to likely CODs using Bayesian probabilities [15]. The model results in up to three likely causes per case when possible; each associated with a quantified likelihood. To give an estimate of the overall certainty for that patient, the model gives the average likelihood for a maximum of three CODs [16]. 16 main groups for two reasons. The first reason was to have meaningfully comparable COD categories between both methods. Second, it was more important that the model and the physician arrive at a broad agreement in identifying COD groups with the greatest public health importance at population level, rather than individual-level causes. The list of the 16 main categories used in this study were: maternity-related deaths, PTB, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, acute/infectious diseases, chronic diseases, malnutrition, homicide, malaria, suicide, transport-related accident, other accidents, digestive diseases, haemoglobinopathy, meningitis, and measles.
+If final illness lasted more than 3 weeks, coughing with blood, coughing for more than 3 weeks, excessive night sweating, and weight loss were presented; then the physicians concluded PTB as a leading COD. In cases where they suspected TB-comorbidity, they categorized the COD as a non-TB death in order to increase their level of certainty to establish PTB as a leading COD. Then deaths were aggregated case-by-case to their respective COD categories to determine the cause-specific mortality fractions at community level by using both the InterVA model and the physician review. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, probability, sensitivity, specificity and Cohen’s kappa statistic with 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to compare agreement between the InterVA model and the Physician.
+In this study, the economic position of the deceased was ranked as poor versus rich based on expenditure–based poverty score [26]. Those who scored below the mean were categorized as poor.
+Ethical considerations
+The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Board of the University of Gondar. Then, written informed.
+Results
+Characteristics of the study population
+Distribution of all adult deaths by socio-demographic characteristics in Dabat, Ethiopia from 01 January 2010–15 February 2012
+Description of PTB-specific mortality rate
+Out of the 408 deaths, 329 (80.6%) were successfully assigned a single cause at the first attempt by two physicians. After holding consensus meetings, the physicians successfully assigned a single COD for 61 (15%) more cases. Therefore, on the whole, physicians assigned a single COD for 390 (95.6%) cases. No consensus was reached on 18 (4.4%) cases, which were coded as "indeterminate" by the physicians. Out of these, 5 (1.2%) cases were assigned to be PTB by one of the physician. They established PTB as a COD for 94 (23.0%) of the cases.
+The InterVA model assigned PTB as a first COD for 147 (36.0%) cases, as a second COD for 9 (2.2%) cases, and as a third COD for none of the cases. In 10 (2.5%) cases, the InterVA model assigned the COD as "indeterminate". The probabilistic model assigned the likely CODs for all the VAs with a certainty of 75% and standard deviation of 2.8.
+In this study, both the InterVA model and the physicians have assigned PTB-specific mortalities for 77 (18.9%) of all deaths in common. Out of these deaths, the respondents correctly predicted PTB as a COD for 52 (67.5%).
+Distribution of PTB-specific deaths by physicians, by InterVA model, and by both methods in Dabat, Ethiopia from 01 January 2010–15 February 2012
+Using the ROC curve to validate the InterVA model for ascertaining PTB as a COD
+Comparing the InterVA model with the physician for ascertaining TB as a COD.
+Discussion
+This study used a probabilistic InterVA model to assess PTB-specific COD in Dabat, northern Ethiopia. The model assigned PTB as a COD for 36.0% of all deaths. This finding was not much far from that of other related studies [12, 17]. The diagnostic ability of the model to establish PTB as a COD was evaluated by internally comparing its output with the physician’s review. The model can predict PTB as a COD with the probability of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75-0.85) when compared with the physician. A similar study [21] has indicated the overall diagnostic ability of the model to be 0.82, indicating a good diagnostic performance of the method. Further studies should be conducted to prove this finding.
+A moderate level of agreement was found between the model and the physician in assigning PTB as a COD [kappa = 0.5; 95% CI: (0.4-0.6)]. Almost a similar finding was observed in a Kenyan study [21]. This indicated the temporal and spatial consistency of the InterVA model for establishing PTB as a COD.
+Physician review was used as a reference standard to compare the InterVA model. The use of the physician review was the only alternative source of COD assessment for this study population. However, the choice has limitations. The physicians had the advantage of being able to consider detailed information by going through the questionnaire and using their clinical skills and experiences in determining CODs. They might however be influenced by their own biases, particularly for less obvious CODs for which decisions had to be made between equally likely diagnoses. This might have contributed to some of the discordances observed between the two approaches. Another possible limitation of this study could be the cross-sectional study design which might not be appropriate for accurately establishing COD. A longitudinal study design is suggestive. This study used the ROC approach to validate the InterVA model. The ROC methodology assumes comparing something of unknown validity (which here is the InterVA) with something that is 100% correct (which here is the physician). Unfortunately, it is not the case that physicians are 100% correct or consistent in attributing COD. The absence of some variables in the VA questionnaire is a factor challenging the accuracy of the InterVA model. The model does not employ open-ended questions which are more relevant in a society with poor knowledge of symptoms of certain diseases and where more local terms may be used in this case. Another limitation could be the relatively small sample size of the study which might also contribute to the underestimation of the sensitivity and specificity values. Besides, the indeterminate probability of the COD would decrease if more than two physicians reviewed the data. But we couldn’t do this due to the limited budget we had.
+Conclusions
+This study has revealed that the InterVA model showed a more promising result as a community-level tool for generating PTB-specific mortality data from verbal autopsy. Further research should be conducted to validate the InterVA model to detect PTB as a COD.
+Declarations
+Acknowledgements
+The authors wish to thank the University of Gondar for funding this study. They acknowledge the Dabat District Health Office for logistic and administrative support, and data collectors for their support in making this study possible. Also they extend their appreciation to Dr. Dagnachew Yohannes and Dr.Girma Lobe for assigning the causes of deaths for all the VA data. Finally, their deepest gratitude goes to the families in Dabat who participated in this study.
+Authors’ Affiliations
+References
+- Setel PW, Macfarlane SB, Szreter S, et al: A scandal of invisibility: making everyone count by counting everyone. Lancet. 2007, 370: 1569-77. 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61307-5.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Byass P: Who needs cause-of-death data?. PLoS Medicine. 2007, 4 (11): 333-10.1371/journal.pmed.0040333.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
+- Fottrell E: Dying to count: mortality surveillance in resource-poor settings. Glob Health Action. 2009, 2: 10-3402/gha.v2i0.1926.PubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- Kahn K, Tollman SM, Garenne M, et al: Validation and application of verbal autopsies in a rural area of South Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2000, 5 (11): 824-31. 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00638.x.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Setel PW, Whiting DR, Hemed Y, et al: Validity of verbal autopsy procedures for determining cause of death in Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2006, 11 (5): 681-96. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01603.x.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Ronsmans C, Vanneste AM, Chakraborty J, et al: A comparison of three verbal autopsy methods to ascertain level and causes of death in Matlab Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol. 1998, 27: 660-6. 10.1093/ije/27.4.660.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Todd JE, De Francisco A, O'Dempsey TJ, et al: The limitations of verbal autopsy in a malaria endemic region. Ann Trop Paediatr. 1994, 14: 31-6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Fottrell E, Byass P: Verbal autopsy: methods in transition. Epidemiolo Rev. 2010, 32: 38-55. 10.1093/epirev/mxq003.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
+- Quigley MA, Chandramohan D, Rodrigues LC: Diagnostic accuracy of physician review, expert algorithms and data derived algorithms in adult verbal autopsies. Int J Epidemiol. 1999, 28: 1081-7. 10.1093/ije/28.6.1081.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Boulle A, Chandramohan D, Weller P: A case study of using artificial neural networks for classifying cause of death from verbal autopsy. Int J Epidemiol. 2001, 30 (515): 520-Google Scholar
+- Quigley MA, Chandramohan D, Setel P, et al: Validity of data-derived algorithms for ascertaining causes of adult death in two African sites using verbal autopsy. Trop Med Int Health. 2000, 5 (1): 33-9. 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00517.x.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Fantahun M, Fottrell E, Berhane Y, et al: Assessing a new approach to verbal autopsy interpretation in a rural Ethiopian community: the InterVA model. Bulletin of World Health Organization. 2006, 84: 204-10. 10.2471/BLT.05.028712.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
+- Reeves BC, Quigley M: A review of data derived methods for assigning cause of death from verbal autopsy data. Int J Epidemiol. 1997, 26 (5): 1080-9. 10.1093/ije/26.5.1080.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Byass P, Huong LD, Minh VH: A Probabilistic approach to interpreting Verbal Autopsies: methodology and preliminary validation in Vietnam. Scand J Public Health. 2003, 31 (62): 32-7.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
+- Byass P, Fottrell E, Huong DL, et al: Refining a probabilistic model for interpreting verbal autopsy data. Scand J Public Health. 2006, 34: 26-31. 10.1080/14034940510032202.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- InterVA.. [cited 2012 June 21.
+- Oti OS, Kyobutungi C: Verbal Autopsy Interpretation: A Comparative Analysis of the InterVA Model versus Physician Review in Determining Causes of Death in the Nairobi DSS. Population health Metrics. 2010, 8: 21-10.1186/1478-7954-8-21.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- Byass P, Kahn K, Collinson AM, et al: Moving from Data on Deaths to Public Health Policy: Approaches to Analyzing and Understanding Verbal Autopsy Findings in Agincourt. South Africa. Plos Medicine. 2010, 7: 1000325-Google Scholar
+- Erhabor GE, Adewole O, Ogunlade O: A Five-Year Review of Tuberculosis Mortality Amongst Hospitalised Patients in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2006, 48 (4): 253-256.PubMedGoogle Scholar
+- Tensou B, Araya T, Telake DS, et al: Evaluating the InterVA Model for Determining AIDS Mortality from Verbal Autopsies in the Adult Population of Addis Ababa. Trop Med Int Health. 2010, 15: 547-553.PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- Bauni E, Ndila E, Mochamah G, et al: Validating Physician-Certified Verbal Autopsy and Probabilistic Modeling (InterVA) Approaches to Verbal Autopsy Interpretation Using Hospital Causes of Adult Deaths. Population Health Metrics. 2011, 9: 49-10.1186/1478-7954-9-49.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- Fottrell E, Kahn K, Ng N, et al: Mortality measurement in transition: proof of principle for standardized multi-country comparisons. Trop Med Int Health. 2010, 15: 1256-1265. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02601.x.View ArticlePubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar
+- Tadesse T, Demissie M, Berhane Y, et al: Two-Thirds of Smear-Positive Tuberculosis Cases in the Community Were Undiagnosed in Northwest Ethiopia: Population Based Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2011, 6 (12): 28258-10.1371/journal.pone.0028258.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
+- INDEPTH network: INDEPTH Standardized Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire. Available at:.
+- WHO: International Classification of Diseases (ICD).. [cited 2012 June 01].
+- Foreit KFG, Schreiner M: Comparing Alternative Measures of Poverty: Assets-Based Wealth Index vs. Expenditures-Based Poverty Score. 2011, Chapel Hill, NC: MEASURE Evaluation,.
+Imagine a couple of humanitarian aid professionals – one has a Masters in African Studies from Yale, another went to Princeton to get their Ph.D. in International Relations. A well-meaning NGO just raised $200,000 to send them to do something about AIDS in some poor West African country, say, Niger. So they are sitting around the air-conditioned boardroom of their NGO in the expatriate quarter of Niamey, brain-storming ways to raise the Nigerien people’s awareness about HIV transmission and prevention.
+“What if we made a sign to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS?”
+“Great idea! Let’s draw up a hundred of them and put them up along heavily-trafficked roads!”
+So they will spend about $10,000 to hire a graphic designer in San Francisco who will email his design to a factory in Lyons which will manufacture a hundred or so signs for $20,000. And it will cost another $30,000 to ship the posts from Lyons to the port at Marseilles to the port at Lagos and overland to their NGO headquarters in Niamey. Another $15,000 will be lost to bribing the customs agents. And they will pay the local contractor some grossly inflated price, say, $25,000 to drive around the country, hammer posts in the ground and put up billboards along one lane-roads leading into various cities and towns in Niger.
+So when everything is said and done, the perfectly benevolent NGO will have plopped down 100 billboards for a price of around $1,000 each to the grand total of $100,000. Take a hard look at this sign, scrutinize it for about a minute and try to understand why it is such a stupid, festering piece of garbage.
+Likewise, this billboard on the road to the Malian city of Koutiala is also a festering piece of garbage. Imagine you are an illiterate Minianka millet farmer riding your donkey cart to sell your goats at the Koutiala market – what useful lesson in disease prevention could you possibly gain from viewing this $1,000 sign?
+To pass the time, I asked scores of my illiterate neighbors for their interpretations of this billboard on the road leading to town. Not a single person I asked was able to tell me that it had anything to do with HIV/AIDS. The closest thing to a logical response I ever heard was “don’t leave razor blades in your bed – they will cut you.”
+Sometimes I wonder what part of “illiteracy ” these well-meaning Christian aid-givers don’t understand. To refer to someone as “illiterate” doesn’t me that they can’t fully appreciate the works of Proust; “illiterate” refers to an individual or a group of persons who cannot read or write anything at all. To refer to these cultures as “predominantly illiterate” is not at all a judgment of intelligence or character – it is simply a statement of fact. Likewise, one cannot mount an effective public health campaign in a country like Mali, Niger, Mauritania or Burkina Faso without taking into consideration that the vast majority of your intended audience in these countries is completely and utterly illiterate.
+One time I met a World Vision missionary/humanitarian agent in Bamako and took issue with their billboard campaign. She accused me of “insulting the Malian people’s intelligence”; “I work with a number of local staff who are all very capable of reading and writing – one of my colleagues was educated at the Sorbonne and he can read English, French and German!”
+This well-meaning church lady’s response was quite telling. When practitioners of “humanitarian aid” and “economic development” live in the expatriate Green Zones of their respective African capitols, they can manage to go months at a time interacting with only the extremely-Westernized, French- or even English-speaking, literate elite, completely sheltered from the social and economic realities of the other 99.999 percent of the population. Such an experience establishes an absurdly rose-tinted perspective of a country’s predominant living conditions – and it allows these naïve, bumbling do-gooders to waste all of their funds on projects which could only benefit the 0.001 percent of the indigenous population with whom they interact at official state functions and the American Club racquetball courts.
+Here is another one of my favorite signs posted in the city of Koutiala. If you were a simple unlettered shepherd who speaks the hyper-literal Bambara language completely devoid of metaphor or simile, what would you interpret it to mean?
+My all-time favorite HIV/AIDS public service announcement is the one line of billboards in Bamako which actually dares to show the image of a condom. Take a look at this public health campaign and try your best to imagine its unintended consequences.
+A ham-handed public health campaign like the infamous “finger bang” billboard is not merely ineffective in combating the transmission of HIV/AIDS – it actually makes the problem worse. Partly thanks to this train wreck of a public health campaign, many young men in Mali think that AIDS is just a hoax. Some have concluded that since people have followed the “finger condom” billboard’s instructions and contracted HIV, The White People are telling Black Africans to wear condoms because we want them to stop reproducing. Others think that AIDS is real, that it was concocted by the CIA to decimate the black population of Africa. Word on the street is that it’s the reservoir tip of the condom which contains the deadly virus; so some people actually buy condoms and cut off the very part of the prophylactic which makes it functional. Since these Western public health campaigns have crashed and burned so egregiously, it figures that polygamous young men resort to “traditional” i.e. witch doctor-prescribed methods like drinking snake oils, herbal teas and having unprotected sex with virgins.
+So if these billboards are such absolutely ineffective pieces of garbage, why on Earth do humanitarian aid organizations waste their money on them? Part of the reason is surely that some of the individuals implementing these humanitarian aid campaigns simply don’t get it. But these professional aid-givers with their Ivy League graduate degrees are generally intelligent people – I can’t imagine that all of them are so dense that they don’t understand the folly of expressing public health messages with the written word in a thoroughly illiterate culture.
+A more rational explanation for this embarrassing waste might be that Foreign Service Officers and professional development agents are often so lazy that they can’t be bothered to learn the local tribal language(s) of the culture they’re working in – the vernacular tongues without which they can’t possibly engage in any meaningful health education campaign. But they need to demonstrate to their superiors that they did something, anything constructive with their time in Namibia other than gallivanting around on the taxpayers’ dime. Constructing 100 undecipherable billboards – though they might be utterly useless for the Namibian people – at least makes for a solid bullet point on a professional aid-giver’s résumé.
+But an even more rational explanation might lie in the political/economic interests of the rent-seeking aid agencies, private aid contractors and NGOs themselves. The unfortunate metric by which they all measure success is not the number of HIV infections averted or the number of Africans educated but the sheer volume of funds dispersed – the more money they spend, the more “successful” they can claim to be; e.g. “This year we spent $100,000 on a campaign to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS”. It doesn’t matter if that $100,000 was spent on a particularly ineffective awareness-raising campaign, or if it didn’t reap any positive health-related results. All that matters on the bottom line is how much money they spent, because the more funds they spend one year, they more funds they can justify raising from donor agencies, banks and private donors the next year.
+So do I think that we – the vanguard of humanity who genuinely care about alleviating the disease and misery which defines life in so much of the world – should just give up on teaching Africans about HIV and AIDS? Not at all. I just think that we should stop throwing our money away on such unforgivably stupid wastes of finite resources as visual media which Westerners will never be able to produce for the consumption of peoples who do not understand our system of symbols and imagery, who cannot read our language, who cannot read any language at all – not even their own.
+After spending two years living amongst the Minianka tribe in Mali, one lesson I came to understand is that though a literate culture remains alien to these people that have only begun to enjoy access to books, pens and paper, the Miniankas do have a rich and vibrant oral culture. This is a culture in which farmers will dispatch their child from one village to another to rely a simple message, in which virtually all business is transacted through oral contracts, the theology of the Qur’an is disseminated from the mouth of the imam to the ears of the faithful, and where griot troubadours transmit the tribal history from one generation to another through song. If you want to get a message across in the Minianka culture, the only appropriate medium for doing so is the spoken word.
+Likewise, you can’t possibly hope to impart unto the Miniankas any useful lessons about health and hygiene unless you speak Minianka. This is one area in which I believe that the Peace Corps is leaps and bounds beyond any other development agencies and NGOs in the field because we are the only organization which bothers to learn the local tribal languages and live out in the field where we can practice them to fluency. I myself did not spend a whole lot of time disseminating seeds of knowledge about HIV/AIDS – I was much more preoccupied with the more ubiquitous scourges of diarrhea, giardia and dysentery. And it took me untold months of building up my language skills, sitting around the teapot chatting with the locals, gradually gaining their trust until I could convince anyone to take even the most modest steps to treat their drinking water.
+Teaching the Miniankas about HIV/AIDS is a whole lot trickier because you have to have an exceptional command of the local tongue before you can gracefully converse with the locals about their most intimate relations. And even though my language skills might have been good enough by the end of my two years, I would have never become comfortable enough to talk to conservative Muslim Minianka women about their vaginas. The only people in Sanadougou with whom I could converse about matters of the nether-regions were the teenage-to-twenty-something boys who couldn’t stop asking me about penises, vaginas, and the various other instruments with which Americans engage in sexual relations.
+“So Madu, how do Americans do it? Y’know, putting the penis into the vagina?” (Amadou demonstrates by inserting his index finger in and out of a curled fist)
+“Well, in America the men have to always wear a condom on our penises before we engage in any sort of hanky-panky. You have to wear a condom every single time – unless, of course, you and your wife are married, you have a lucrative career, a good health insurance plan and enough funds in your savings account to have a baby.”
+“But I do not want to wear a condom on my penis. It is not natural!”
+“In America you would not have a choice. You must wear a condom on your penis every time you have sex. If you have sex with anyone and you don’t wear a condom – even just once - then everyone will think that you might have AIDS and no one will want to have sex with you ever again.”
+“But I am a good Muslim! American women should trust me that I do not have AIDS.”
+“Just about every American woman whom you will ever meet in Africa is here to work on HIV/AIDS projects. Hate to break it to you, Amadou, but you live in Africa. You are an African. If you have ever had sex without a condom, and you are open and honest with an American woman about your sexual history, then you have zero chance of ever having sex with her.”
+“Hm… maybe I should start wearing condoms - that way I could convince an American woman to sleep with me!”
+“That's awful, Amadou. I have just lost a lot of respect for you as a human being. But you know what? There's no such thing as a bad reason to start wear condoms!”
+In such a fashion, development agencies and NGOs should make greater efforts to utilize the mass media potential of radio and television – media which are lapped up readily by even the most illiterate Minianka. This is a culture in which an entire village will sit around the car battery-powered TV set watching the soap commercials as raptly as their dubbed Telemundo soap operas. If there is ever to be a cost-effective means to encourage Africans to practice safe sex, it would be stop selling them prophylactics the way we sell them rheumatism ointment and arthritis palliatives and to start selling them prophylactics the way we sell them beer, soda and powdered milk – by insinuating that this product will help the consumer to get laid. After all, this is how Trojan and Durex market condoms in the developed West – it’s absolutely bizarre that the one product that should be sold with sex appeal isn’t marketed in Africa as a catalyst for more frequent and more enjoyable sex.
+1 comment:
+Hi. I totally agree with you as my whole research work is based on developing context specific visual communications. I shall be using your post as a reference in my PhD thesis.
+Thanks
+hena
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+$155 and upFor a 92-year-old hotel, the Resort Figueroa is very “on trend,” as marketing experts like to say. It was constructed by the Y.W.C.A. as a specifically female hostelry a spot where solitary females, including striving actresses, can remain without anxiety of the Harvey Weinsteins of the globe. The Figueroa apparently also offered the USA its very first women resort manager: Maude Bouldin, a motorcyle-riding excursion de force.
+After that the long decrease of midtown Los Angeles took a toll. By 2014, when brand-new proprietors started a $60 million deluxe overhaul, the resort had a Morocco-by-way-of-Sweden motif (do not ask) as well as was dealing with discount German scenic tour teams. The remodelling, which was completed previously this year, leans right into the Figueroa’s feminist history, with artwork from neighborhood lady musicians on the wall surfaces as well as common spaces created to host women-centric “salons.”The Fig, as locals know it, sits throughout the road from L.A.
+. The Grammy Gallery is additionally located there. Downtown stretches in the opposite direction, using the gentrified foodie holy place Grand Central Market and the recovered Movie theater at Ace Hotel, which hosts indie bands and screens art movies. The spacious Flower Market to the south is eye-popping and only fees $1 admission on Saturdays.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+Priced at $359.20 for a Saturday evening in early November, not consisting of tax obligation, our “traditional queen” area on an upper floor seemed like a closet, and also the sight was mainly of a wall surface. A generously equipped minibar took up the majority of the real storage room, leaving no area for a bag.
+(My companion, Joe, sarcastically kept in mind that the space room was additionally very quiet.
+The bare wall surfaces appeared like unfinished cement as well as one of both lights beside the mirror was missing out on; a bare light bulb just dangled there. Switching on the shower called for the navigating of two counterintuitive levers, as well as it was so dark because edge of the bathroom that it was tough to tell which bottle was shampoo as well as which one was body laundry.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap and admired the monumental, 50-year-old cactuses lining the hotel’s coffin-shaped pool (Buy Refurbished Cheap).
+Our server, Christopher, patiently answered my 700 concerns regarding the little plates as well as “pintxos” on the menu. We breathed in the fried kale lollipop with dill crme frache ($10) as well as plaything box squash with avocado and olives ($14) prior to carrying on to entrees, consisting of deep-fried hen with a barbequed peach as well as jalapeo salad ($29) spicy and scrumptious, also if the fruit was inedibly unripe – Buy Refurbished Cheap.
+We got room service making use of an iPad perched on the nightstand and were given a 35-minute delay time. It took an hour and also 14 mins for our simple order of coffee, yogurt as well as a pork, egg and cheese sandwich to get here. The server shrugged when I whined as well as aimed out that the suggestion was currently consisted of.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+Pets rate to stay with their owners for a $50 fee. The hotel has a fashionable, 24-hour health club equipped with treadmills, an elliptical exerciser equipment, kettlebells and complimentary weights, to name a few items. Exclusive yoga courses and fitness trainers are available upon demand (Buy Refurbished Cheap). High-speed Wi-Fi is free of charge. High end shop hotels are all concerning attention to information, which appears to be an operate in development at the Figueroa.
+“Facilities and that it was spick-and-span. The bed was amazing” “Located near Venice beach” “Even thoughit was small it was cosy and it consisted of a really, very light morning meal” “I liked this resort quite it was really comfortable, personnel were excellent (Buy Refurbished Cheap). Food was superb” “The whole experience were just amazing.
+It genuinely seems like you have come residence. The auto parking, the snacks, the drink device, the obtain food service – all top noch! The breakfest was also ok. And the area is excellent. I had a cars and truck and also might obtain all over easy. All the piece de resistance remain in strolling range though.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+A stunning hotel. Personnel were first course” “The staff are extraordinary, the location is best” # 1 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation start to our honeymoon in the U.S – a really incredible hotel!” “This is a fantastic resort all the personnel are leading course and …” “Exceptional” # 3 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation uploaded 4 days ago “Love this place!” “Love Tom.” “Tom is a wonderful and also very handy host!” # 4 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review uploaded 8 days ago “The very best” “Ideal in Beverly Hills” “Standard Beverly Hills” # 5 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 3 days ago “Space, breakfast & area” “Had a wonderful remain here!” “Spacious & tidy space.” # 6 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation uploaded 8 days ago “Every little thing was outstanding.” “Xavier is incredible!” “Terrific morning meal!” # 7 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last testimonial uploaded 14 days ago “Area” “Excellent” “Team were very friendly and fitting with all requests.” # 8 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial uploaded 2 days ago “Place fantastic.” “You do not obtain the space you publication.” “Sizable spaces” # 9 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation uploaded 3 days ago “the most awful cleansing staff ever!” “Excellent Resort with plenty of room and luxury finishes.
+I will be back.” “I actually enjoyed my stay here as a result of the countless amenities …” “Super tidy.” # 11 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review uploaded 2 days ago “Great area.” “Terrific solution, very personal location.” “Everything is ideal one of the best resorts in Beverley …” # 12 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 5 days ago “Fascinating hotel architecture.” “7 night remain in the hotel from heaven” “Beach area.” # 13 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 6 days ago “The team were incredibly practical.” “Central to most places, peaceful and also charming.” “Whatever was excellent!” # 14 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 4 days ago “Extremely great and comfortable” “doable” “Noisy in the early morning luggage carts going by” # 15 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last review posted 6 days ago “The morning meal is excellent and also the staff members, particularly …” “Wonderful area.” “The location is great.” # 16 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation posted 4 days ago “The service was remarkable.” “Nothing” “Remarkable remain when we most likely to call home for an enjoyable weekend break.
+Excellent morning meal!” “Pretty resort with terrific fitness center but unworthy the price.” “Loved LAAC – Will definitely come back!” # 24 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial posted 6 days ago “Actually great, excellent people -and also informal- from Front Desk to the Cleansing Ladies, great location too” “It was a in” “SATISFIED” # 25 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 7 days ago “Will never ever stay in a hostel again” “Impressive!” “420 pleasant heaven” # 26 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last review published 3 days ago “Sign in was so basic a simple, the area itself is quite …” “Lovely home” “Everything good other than wifi.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+That’s how we understand our evaluations originate from genuine visitors who have actually stayed at the residential or commercial property. Adhered to by a trip When guests remain at the property, they inspect out just how silent the room is, exactly how pleasant the team is, and much more. As well as ultimately, a testimonial After their journey, guests tell us about their stay.
+If you scheduled through us and also want to leave a review, please check in often discover yourself at the Four Seasons Resort Los Angeles at Beverly Hills – Buy Refurbished Cheap. That’s due to the fact that the hotel is well recognized as one of the most effective seen-and-be seen areas for a working check out and also a power lunch or supper in community.
+Buy Refurbished Cheap
+But it’s not all stiff company and also procedure. As a 4 Seasons, the resort rates to family members and travelers of all types looking for the uniformity of a prominent worldwide high-end chain. Naturally with the passing celeb and also bold-faced name, it’s likewise fantastic for individuals viewing. I count myself fortunate to call it something of a second house in town.
+I’ll never forget the time I went to with my spouse for a staycation when I was nine months expectant, or extra recently, over the joyful holiday period when the common areas were festooned with flower and also design setups from celeb florist Jeff Leatham. Thus, it’s not a surprise it made our checklist of the finest hotels in Los Angeles for 2020. Costs for entry-level areas right here start in the $400s, according to online search results at the time of publication.
+On my recent Xmas remain, I stayed in a mid-tier Deluxe Porch King area, which was comped for evaluation objectives, however generally publications for $595. I have actually always seen conventional areas, which are really bigger, and also with a reduced price factor. Unless you’re traveling with family members or intending to delight in-room, in my experience, a standard-sized area is the most effective value for five-star holiday accommodations that are spacious, elegant, and also prime for people-watching.
+Yes, I have decided to put the story up again. Basically, for those that haven't heard the entire ordeal, went on a wild, deleting rampage, and every story with a poem, song lyrics, etc. (whether credited or not) was targeted. Check out my live journal (user name: inthestars) for more information on the situation. The link is in my author profile. The LJ is strictly for my stories: writings, information, updates, and review responses. So just feel free to read it, comment, or ignore it completely. But I don't recommend that, seeing as how I plan to give sneak peeks and hints about future chapters. ;-)
+Anyway, I'm not planning on changing much for the repost, apart from fixing typos and the like. In fact, the biggest change (for now) will be in this chapter. It's nothing drastic, but I want to change a bit of Lily's initial description of James' appearance, and I'm changing Brenna's name to Sophie Remington.
+Also, I want to use this time to set a few things straight again. This. Is. Not. Canon. I'm going to repeat it, because I know I'll still get reviews and emails saying, "Lyke, omgzzz!11! L & J R supposed 2 haaate each other! U r teh evil writer!" So. THIS IS NOT CANON. Why? Because I had the idea before OotP came out, because I got sick of reading constant Love/Hate fics (only very few, very talented writers can still pull those off) and because it's my story, and that's what I want to do. Lily's best friend, Sophie, will NOT date Sirius Black or Remus Lupin, because it's so overdone, I'm sick of it, and, again, very few writers can still pull that off. They ARE alike, and I made them that was on purpose, but not so that they could date. Sorry. Also, this is a Lily/James story, not a MWPP. Though Sirius, Remus, and Peter are very close to James, and will therefore be in the story, the plot will revolve around them, and they will not be a great part of the plot. Other than a few conversations between James and Sirius, actually, the Marauders are hardly in it at all. I know it disappointed a few people the first time around, but I'm not changing it. This is a Lily/James story about all else, and it will stay that way. Now, I know this was just supposed to be a fluffy, sweet, little story, and it started that way. Only, it's quickly changed. It's still fluffy, and still mainly a romance, but it's taking on a more serious, slightly angst driven tone. I've had mixed responses about it, but I rather like the direction the story is going.
+My one important goal with this repost is to get all my reviews back. I have them all saved, in three different places, but I just want all my reviews at one place, and I'm curious to see if I can get 700+ reviews again. :crosses fingers: Think you guys can get me there? What if I give you all barrels are gummie worms? And a James Potter of your very own? And cookies?
+Updates should only take about a week or so, two at the most, until the story is all caught up. It shouldn't take too long, considering that there are only five chapters so far. Now, for all the technical details.
+Summary: 17 year old Lily Evans was looking for a white horse riding, dragon slaying, poetry reciting, knight in shining armor who would sweep her off her feet and take her up to his castle in the clouds. What she got was a messy haired, hazel eyed, Quidditch playing prankster who shows her that love isn't about magic carpet rides, or enchanted roses, or glass slippers. But, rather something so simple and wonderful that Lily begins to think that despite it all, she might have found her very own Prince Charming.
+Rating: It's PG-13, mainly for mild language and shameless fluff. It's pretty tame. However, just as a warning, I may have to up the rating in later chapters because I have some ideas that are heavy PG-13, but I don't want to risk it. So keep that in mind, just in case.
+Disclaimer: I don't understand the point of these, really. Everyone here knows I'm not J.K. Rowling. If I was, I'd be busy swimming in my pool of money, basking in all the glory of knowing that I am worth more than the Queen of England. Don't bother suing me, (1) because these characters, places, things, etc. are not mine, unless they are unrecognizable and (2) you won't get much from me in law suit anyway, other my HP books, my writing and a few stale gummy bears.
+So. Without further ado, here's the story. Again.
+Prince Charming
+By Citnamor Sselepoh
+Chapter One: Sugar Quills and Chocolate Frogs
+Ever since I was a little girl, I've been waiting for a handsome Prince to come waltzing up to my door, swearing that I was the most beautiful girl in all the land before he whisked me away into his golden carriage to live with him for all of time. And if he had to slay dragons, trample monsters, and survive the fiery pits of hell in order to prove his undying love for me, then so be it. I wanted a fairytale, a Cinderella story full of grand balls and fairy godmothers and dancing mice. I would be the damsel in distress, he would be my knight in shining armor, and we would live happily ever after.
+I wouldn't settle for any less.
+I had my entire wedding planned out by the time I was eight years old. I knew the type of dress I would wear, how my hair would be done, the music that would be played, the color of the bridesmaids' dresses, the food that would be served, even the pattern of the table cloths. At age nine, I knew the entire floor plan of my Victorian style house, from how many closets it would have (11), to the design of the bedspread (a floral print), to how many bathrooms would be on each floor (three).
+And my husband? Oh, he was the best part of my fantasy future. Though his face was never clear in my mind, I already had our whole life planned out, even the names of our two girls (Cassandra and Claire). We'd have insightful conversations and he'd charm me with his wit and subtle flirting and we'd instantly fall in love. I imagined candlelight dinners and long walks on the beach and … absolute perfection.
+It may have been a childish dream, but it was what I wanted, it was I needed, and I was determined that it was what I was going to get.
+But during my last year of school, that all changed.
+I was sitting in the Head Compartment of the Hogwarts Express, moodily watching the scenery pass by the window, while my insides writhed about the upcoming year. This was my last year at the school which I had called my home for the past seven years of my life, and in June, it would be over. A mere ten months from now, I would be finishing the first chapter of my life and leaving my childhood behind. It was a scary thought.
+"I'm just worried that this year is going to go by too fast," I told my best friend, Sophie Remington, when she stopped by the Head compartment.
+"It might," she said, gathering her thick brown hair into a ponytail, "but don't worry so much about it. Worry about fun things."
+"Like what?" I questioned, settling back against the seat.
+Her brown eyes glinted. "Like all the ungodly things you could do to the Head Boy in your room." She raised her eyebrows suggestively.
+"Sophie!" I exclaimed, my eyes wide. "You know I would never do that."
+"Oh, I know. But you should."
+I rolled my eyes. "You're insane."
+"Yes, well." She waved her hand, showing that it was of no importance to her. "You won't be saying that, once you find out who the Head Boy is."
+I crossed my arms over my chest and let out a huff of indignation. "You're being a terrible friend by not telling me who it is. You know that, right?"
+"But you love surprises, Lily. And this is definitely a most pleasant surprise."
+"I doubt it will be. It's already been at least a half hour into the train ride and he hasn't even shown up yet."
+Sophie clucked her tongue. "Yes. What a horrible person he is. Only thirty minutes into a ride that is close to six hours long and he's not rushing off to join a complete stranger to talk about upcoming school events, as opposed to having fun with his friends while he still can. I shudder to think what kind of disgusting man you will end up with!" she exclaimed sarcastically.
+"This job isn't supposed to be fun. It's about planning, and organizing and helping the school. And how can I do any of that, if the person that's supposed to help me doesn't even bother to show his face!"
+"You, my dear, are in desperate need of loosening up. And if this Head Boy doesn't make that happen, then no one can."
+Now I was very interested. "Okay, you've got me hooked. Who is it?"
+Sophie grinned; she never could keep secrets from me for very long. "Just think of the last person you'd expect, within reason of course."
+I thought about it for a moment. "Spencer Weston? From Hufflepuff?" I offered meekly. Saying that he was stupid would be an understatement; I've met tree stumps with more intellect than him.
+"God, no!" she shrieked. "Dumbledore's not that crazy."
+"Then who? You've got to at least give me a hint." I felt so ridiculous doing this; pestering my best friend for information about a boy. I was acting like an immature 12 year old, but then again, so was Sophie.
+"Oh, all right," she said, as if this wasn't what she wanted from the beginning. "He's in Gryffindor. Come on, Lily. Think."
+Well…He was in Gryffindor, was apparently an unpredictable choice for the position (that ruled Remus Lupin out) - but slightly reasonable, wasn't that serious, and – if Sophie's implications meant anything – was probably insanely good looking.
+"Um … I've got! Sirius Black!" It did fit.
+She shook her head. "Very good guess, very close. But not quite. It's not that hard."
+"There's only one more person I can think of, Soph, and I doubt Dumbledore would …" I trailed off. "Would he?"
+"Dumbledore works in mysterious ways …"
+I sat upright. "But that's … it's … he's … are you sure he's Head Boy?"
+She nodded. "Oh yeah. I'm sure."
+"But that's not mysterious! That's just absurd! It's downright mad! It's crazy! I can't! I won't! I refuse to work with him!"
+"Lily! You've barely said three sentences to the guy in all your time here! You hardly know him. So stop being so dramatic."
+"I am not being dramatic. I'm being practical. He's going to treat this like a joke … like it's some master prank. This is just ridiculous! He's a Marauder. He's silly! And he's funny! And he's not at all serious! And he's not a hard worker! And he's –"
+"And he's completely gorgeous." Sophie cut me off.
+"Are you insane? He's thin, and he wears glasses, and haven't you seen his hair? It's … no! It's wrong. It's … it's James Potter."
+"Somebody call me?"
+Sophie and I both looked up, startled. There, leaning against the doorframe with his arms crossed over chest was all six feet of none other than James Potter. My face turned red as I looked at him, hoping against all hope that he hadn't heard what I said. It was hard to tell whether or not he did, as the only emotion evident on his face was amusement.
+He wasn't wearing his uniform, I noted, just a pair of black pants and a charcoal sweater that looked very cozy, his school robes carelessly tossed on. His raven hair was as messy as ever and his hazel eyes glinted with laughter behind a pair of thin, wire framed glasses.
+His stance was casual, and I could almost imagine Sophie's swooning at the sight. I tried to look at him closer, to see what half the school saw, but I just couldn't, He still looked wiry, his hair still looked unkempt, and he wasn't even wearing his school robes, for Merlin's sake. He did have an awfully nice smile, though, and a sort of boyish charm that was immediately noticeable. Maybe I would've known from this personally if I'd ever bothered to get to know him, but he was a lighthearted joker and I was serious dreamer, and I guess I never felt the need to become friends with him. In fact other than classes and meal time, I don't even think we'd ever been in the same room together for more than a few minutes at a time.
+And now he'd be sleeping across the hall from me.
+It was going to be interesting, to say the least.
+James coughed and I realized I'd been staring at him. "I do believe that this compartment is for the Head Girl and Boy … only." He was still smiling and it was clear that didn't really care whether or not Sophie was in there.
+She raised her hand in mock salute. "Yes, sir, Head Boy, sir!" He laughed as she stood up and waved at me. "See you later, Lily."
+"Bye Sophie," I called after her as she left the compartment, silently screaming at her not to leave me with the person who I had just been insulting, who, oh yeah, heard it all.
+James sat down at the now empty across from me and peered down at me from behind his glasses.
+"What?" I asked, a bit unnerved at his blatant staring.
+"Nothing. I was just wondering if I can work out what kind of person you are from simply looking at you. I mean, you have me figured out fairly well and you've hardly spoken to me at all. "
+"What are you talking about?" I asked, thoroughly perplexed.
+"I believe your exact words were 'He's silly! He's funny! He's not at all serious!' … "
+"Well, it's true." There was no point in denying it. James had obviously heard the conversation; I wasn't going to lie.
+He looked surprised for a moment, but quickly recovered. "And how do you figure that?"
+"It isn't exactly a secret, is it? You'd have to be daft not to know who the Marauders are and what they do."
+He crossed his arms over his chest and the material bunched in an…odd way. "So you think that just because I kid around and pull pranks and laugh a lot means I don't work hard and am incapable of being serious?"
+"Honestly? Yes, I do."
+"You're a smart girl, Lily Evans." He smiled. "You're exactly right. I'm not serious at all. In fact, I was probably more shocked that you were that I got the Head Boy position. Although, I do think your little outburst earlier was a tad bit dramatic."
+"It was not! And besides, it's horribly rude to listen to other people's conversations."
+"It's terribly rude to talk about people you don't even know."
+"Touché."
+It was silent for a moment before I asked, "So, how'd you get to be Head Boy anyway?"
+"I honestly have no clue. My grades are good enough, I suppose. I got all 'O's on my O.W.Ls, except for Divination; I got and 'E' in that. I never thought much of it anyway. Waste of time, if you ask me. No lump of tea leaves is going to tell me how many kids I'll have, or something of that sort. What about you?"
+"About the same. But I got all 'O's … including Divination." I grinned at him.
+"A true Seer, eh?"
+I snorted. "Hardly. Sweeney just seems to like me…"
+"Must be your hair," he mused. "Maybe it reminds her of that blasted fire she insists on lighting all the time."
+I laughed. "Maybe."
+And that was how it went for the rest of the ride. James was a surprisingly good person to talk to. I was right in thinking that he was someone you could be completely comfortable with. There wasn't a single moment I didn't have a smile on my face for the rest of the train ride. We found something to talk about every second … school, friends, family, anything and everything. We had a twenty five minute debate over which was better: chocolate frogs (his favorite) or sugar quills (my favorite). He won.
+I didn't even realize how long we were talking until the old lady with the food cart came up to our compartment asking if we wanted anything off the trolley. James walked out of the compartment and came back a few seconds later, loaded down with at least fifteen chocolate frogs from himself.
+I was almost upset when the train came to a stop and the bodiless voice told the passengers to make their way to the front of the train. James and I were stationed in front of the doors, holding them open for all students as part of our Head duties. I tried hard to stifle my laughter as he "accidentally" closed the door on Severus Snape.
+"His nose was hooked anyway," he explained to me, shrugging. "I'm sure I didn't do any damage."
+When the last students finally filtered through the doors we made our way to the last carriage, still talking, still laughing, still having fun. We discussed exactly how long it must've taken Dumbledore to grow a beard that long (don't' ask me how we ended up talking about that; I still don't know) until we got to the old castle.
+I sighed as we walked up the front steps.
+"What's wrong?" James asked me.
+"Nothing. It's just that this is the last time I'm going to be walking up these steps like this, that's all."
+He laughed lightly.
+"What's so funny?"
+"No, nothing…You just really love this school, don't you?"
+I shrugged. "It's my home. Has been for the last six years. And to think that I'll never walk up these stairs after break again…it's just a little overwhelming. And it makes me realize how little time I have left here."
+"You know what, Lily? I promise to walk you up these stairs one more time."
+"Promise?"
+"Sure."
+I smiled. "Okay. I'm holding you to it."
+We walked to the Great Hall in silence, which was surprising, since there wasn't a time yet that it had been quiet between us. Somehow, it was strangely comfortable too.
+"Enjoy your dinner," I said to him as we walked in, prepared to find Sophie and reenact every single aspect of the past five hours.
+"Hey, Evans!" he called. a few seconds after I walked away.
+"Yeah?" I asked, turning around to look at him.
+James walked over to me and stuck something in front pocket of my robes. "Chocolate frogs are still better," he whispered in my ear before making his way down to the table.
+Huh? I stood there, dumbstruck for a few more moments before I realized that I was in the middle of the Great Hall and hurriedly walked over to where Sophie was waiting for me.
+"How'd it go?" she questioned knowingly as soon as I sat down.
+I grinned at her. "I'll tell you later," I whispered as McGonagall and another batch of terrified looking first years appeared.
+"Looking forward to it."
+As soon as I was sure that Sophie was focused on the Sorting, I fished whatever James had given me out of my pocket. I smiled when I saw what it was and glanced down the table, to where James was sitting with his friends. He was watching me expectantly.
+"Thank you," I mouthed silently to him. He winked before turning around. I smiled again, feeling like a giddy little school girl for some reason.
+In my hand lay a perfectly wrapped sugar quill.
+Well, there it is…again. I hope my old readers are still willing to comment, wink wink nudge nudge, and that I can possibly gain some new ones by reposting.
+Make sure to check my LJ for review responses. I'll be putting them up right before I update again, so it's also a good way for you all to know when the new chapters are going to be posted. Plus I just really want you guys to comment. LoL.
+Love to all.
+-- Erica.
+PS – If anyone reading this has had their story, or a favorite story of theirs deleted because of song lyrics, for any other unjust reason, just know that I am so horribly sorry, and that I feel your pain. I know it's no help at all, but I thought I should say it anyway.
+edit)Thanks to everyone who pointed out my little Brenna/Sophie slip up. Very embarassing, but it's been changed. Also, if you haven't read the author's note at the beginning, PLEASE READ IT. Seriously. It'll only take a few minutes, and it'll explain a lot.
+In the peculiar racial order of these United States, almost everyone claims a Native American ancestor—usually Cherokee, the most popular, if not most probable, option—perched on some distant branch of the family tree.
+Declaring Indianness is just as much a part of black American culture as it is for the majority's, partly due to real intermixture: Some recent large-scale DNA testing suggests that today's African Americans typically have 14 percent European and 3 percent native genetic material. There's also often a culturally programmed desire to escape the "stain" of blackness by claiming mixed bloodlines.
+Durham author Zelda Lockhart's family—an African-American clan rooted in the Mississippi Black Belt—has never raced to acknowledge its Indian heritage. But with her latest novel, Cold Running Creek, Lockhart sets out to bring to life her family's hidden native heritage.
+Untold stories have always fired Lockhart's imagination. In 2003, the 41-year-old mother of two won critical acclaim and comparisons with Alice Walker's The Color Purple for her debut novel, Fifth Born, a Barnes & Noble Discover New Writers selection about toxic family secrets and child abuse.
+It was Lockhart's instinct for secret histories that fed her interest in her maternal great-grandmother, Lilly Kilburne. She was of Choctaw and possibly Creek heritage, but married Lockhart's black great-grandfather Willie.
+"A lot of black people and families will say 'We're part Indian.' Lilly seemed like a phantom, and nobody wanted to talk about her," says Lockhart. One of the few nuggets about Lilly that the history-hungry Lockhart could pull from her reticent relatives was a short sentence uttered by her great-aunt Sudie, who said that Willie "stole that girl."
+Unable to extract more from her family, Lockhart went on the hunt for genealogical traces of Lilly and information about black-Choctaw relationships. Shifting through archives, she discovered that like so much in the 19th century, black-Choctaw encounters were ruled by slavery. In a basement reading room at Duke's Perkins Library, she found the Works Progress Administration slave narratives, which included testimonies of descendants of former slaves owned by the Choctaws.
+"The narratives really helped shape the layers in my mind about the reality of that time, down to the fabrics they wore, what kind of dialect a Choctaw slave would use," says Lockhart.
+"One day, I was sitting in the basement of Perkins, reading the letters from the Indian slave owners. I was just shaking and bawling because no matter what color we are, man, people will step on each other's heads. It's not about race. It's all about getting part of what Master had."
+With the enigmatic sentence—"he stole that girl"—still ringing in her head, and the historical documents in front of her, Lockhart found Cold Running Creek's heroine in a mixture of fact and fiction: an enslaved black-Indian girl living in the volatile pre-Civil War period.
+Cold Running Creek begins with the story of Raven, a Choctaw girl on the verge of womanhood in the early 1800s. When her father tries to negotiate with whites encroaching on Choctaw territory, Raven barely survives a rape and a massacre that obliterates her band.
+The book fast-forwards to the adult Raven Leflore, now the starched wife of Grey Fox, a Choctaw-white plantation owner. When a suspiciously Choctaw-looking baby is born in the slave quarters, Raven claims the child, Lilly, as her own. But as the position of the Choctaws becomes more tenuous in their Mississippi homeland and the federal government backs a policy of moving Indians westward, privileged Lilly is forced into slavery by her one-time neighbors —only to be kidnapped again by a free black man who makes her his wife.
+Just as novelist Edward Jones's The Known World highlighted the experience of black slaveholders (a statistically small group among U.S. slave owners), Cold Running Creek forces its readers to reconcile an apparent irony: that the dispossessed adopt their oppressors' customs and violate another population. Barbara Krauthamer, a New York University assistant history professor who researches contact between Native Americans and blacks during the 19th century, says the historical record backs the general plot of Cold Running Creek.
+"None of this sounds historically implausible," Krauthamer says. "From the early 1700s, a lot of Choctaws patrolled parts of Louisiana for runaway slaves, and it wasn't uncommon for them to send them back or sell them. Choctaws served as the middlemen for much of the colonial slave trade." And later, at the beginning of the Civil War, as many as 3,000 black slaves served the Choctaws and Chickasaws as domestics, field laborers and possibly interpreters to English-speaking missionaries.
+Despite the common notion that Indian slave owners were more benevolent masters, slavery under Native Americans was no less brutal. "It's a comforting misconception," says Krauthamer. "There's no evidence that Indians were kinder or more benign; there were plenty of slaves running away from Indian masters, too. And there were large vocal contingents of the Choctaws and Chickasaws who were anti-black and racist about the future of free people in their lands," says Krauthamer.
+Take the Choctaw Nation's constitution of 1838, which stipulated that no "free negro, or any part negro, unconnected with Choctaw or Chickasaw blood, shall be permitted to come and settle in the Choctaw nation" (notice that the document tacitly acknowledges the existence of mixed-race people connected to the nations); no one with African heritage could hold political office in the nation; and that anyone "taking up" with a negro slave would be fined or lashed. By 1840, free blacks living within Choctaw and Chickasaw territory were ordered to forever leave its borders or risk being sold into slavery.
+Released late last year, Cold Running Creek has renewed relevance because in early March, the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma voted to oust members who were descendants of the tribe's slaves, denying them citizenship and federal benefits no matter how much Cherokee heritage those "Black Indians" possessed. In this society that's so perversely arbitrary about racial definitions, one drop of African blood qualifies a person as black and American Indians are required to meet the blood quantum proving their roots. To many, one drop of black blood also means you can't be an Indian.
+Zelda Lockhart's family tree says otherwise.
+The story of Indian slave owners and the people they held in bondage is a growing area of scholarship. But Lockhart's fictional riff on her family history almost never made it to print. Major publishing house Simon & Schuster bought her manuscript, but missed multiple publishing dates. Cold Running Creek was initially scheduled to be a quick, sophomore follow-up to Fifth Born in 2004. But after repeated delays, Lockhart reclaimed her book from the publisher and opened LaVenson Press, her own independent publisher named after her now-deceased older brother. Lockhart's move meant bucking a publishing establishment and a reading public that's notoriously wary of self-published efforts, and to raise capital, she sold "everything that wasn't chained down" and became author-publisher-distributor-publicist all in one.
+These days, Lockhart writes and publishes in her north Durham home, surrounded by stacks of her own books and with her daughter often playing nearby. Though the real Lilly was not a slave, there could have been a mixed-race Lilly caught between cultures and suspended between slavery and freedom. The possibility of such a historical Lilly and the still unknown reality of her great-grandmother's life intrigue Lockhart, who will teach a June historical fiction writing seminar at Chicago's prestigious Newberry Library, known for its Native American resources and other archives.
+Years after Lockhart started her quest to find Lilly, she can't stop looking for her—and may not be able to leave Lilly and Willie behind with just one book.
+With a rueful smile, Lockhart says, "I don't do sequels. But...." She's not prepared to finish that sentence just yet.
+A Bible in one hand, the child wrapped in a small white sheet in the other, Josephine loomed over Raven in the darkness of the cabin.
+"Josephine, I won't let them sell her. I will keep her at the house. I will keep Golden's child in the house of his sister, and she will be safe." Raven's concocted reality about the child's origins made its way into her negotiation. Nothing was said. Regretting, forgetting, foreseeing, whole lifetimes occurred in the silence. The same round eyes of her childhood shifted, brown pupils traveling across the whites of her eyes like moons swiftly over the years of her life. Raven's sweat dripped onto the table in the darkness.
+"Ma'am, I know she don't look Negro, but she mine." The words were not the ones Josephine had rehearsed. The desperation in Josephine's voice snapped like the whip severing flesh. "I'll do anything for you and Massa, but don't let him sell her, she mine." Her voice cracked as she beseeched, as if saying a prayer, knowing she could not control the fate of her baby girl. Whenever she carried a child for Grey Fox's brown crop, he came to check on her with Sybil in tow. He came into the shack without knocking the same way Raven had, as if they were entering the horse stable. Master Fox would hold Josephine's head back, look at the whites of her eyes, and instruct his cook, "Make sure Josephine has the good cuts of pork leftover from the supper, and give her some fruit from Bartlette's trade, and remind Little Man to keep that calf from the cows so there's plenty of milk for her." Sybil would nod, hands behind her back, eyes cast down away from her friend. On the way out she'd turn and smile, she and Josephine both knowing she'd pinch an extra inch, and good rations for Josephine meant a little something for everybody in the quarters. They'd make the best of that special treatment that had nothing to do with Josephine but with the quality of the slave she would harbor for nine months.
+She knew Raven's intentions, her gentle voice, was a trick to take the baby without struggle.
+"I know that you will take her, and Massa will sell her. I know it, and she pretty, she'll be used as some man's bed pillow." Josephine's voice was raised to an almost hysterical pitch now.
+Raven fidgeted in the darkness, swallowing the painful lump that formed in her throat. She wished she had stolen the child away in the heat of the day, in the obvious unsuspecting sunlight when they were all in the fields; come like a hungry wildcat and taken her. She startled at the sound of a small critter scampering in the darkness of the shack, and realized her head was pounding. She spoke. "Josephine, she's going to get sold as soon as my husband gets a good look at her, but I can save her."
+Cold Running Creek (LaVenson Press, $16) is available for purchase in area bookstores and on Amazon.com. Zelda Lockhart will read from the book Thursday, May 3, at 6 p.m. at the Orange County Library, 300 W. Tryon St. in Hillsborough.
+Showing 1-2 of 2
+Right Back read this today and not tomorrow. Florida minister died Dec. 16th. Sorry. …
+I'm glad all the male writers in Chapel Hill are talking to each other.
+Table of Contents
+Fiscal Year 2005 Performance Budget
+I. Summary and Highlights
+II. Introduction -- Mission, Vision, and Strategic Goal
+III. Budget Request and Annual Performance Plan by Organizational Function
+IV. Budget by Object Classification Category
+V. Other Tables
+I. Summary and Highlights
+Summary and Highlights
+The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission requests an OMB appropriation of $10,516,000 to fund it in FY 2005. This amount is 6.6 percent above the FY 2004 appropriation of $9,863,000 and 4.0 percent above the amount requested in FY 2004 ($10,115,000). The request would continue to support 69 FTEs. 2005 reflects the new goals and objectives.
+OSHRC’s FY 2005 budget appropriation includes:
+· $8,133,000 to support 69 FTE. These costs represent 77 percent of the Review Commission’s appropriation.
+· $1,265,000 for office space rent.
+· Funds for services provided by other Federal agencies such as support for financial and administrative services and for personnel and payroll services. The costs of financial and administrative services have more than doubled from the $105,000 included in the FY 2004 request to $250,000 in the agreement submitted by the Bureau of Public Debt for FY 2004. The additional costs result from increased reporting requirements under very narrow time frames as a result of the Taxpayer Accountability Act of 2002 and an increase in the number of transactions.
+· Funds to enable the Agency to complete the annual performance plan goals and targets, and implement the President’s Management Agenda, including the implementation of the plan under the Government Paperwork Elimination Act..
+III. Performance Budget Request by Organizational Function
+FY 2005 without bogging them down in legal formalities.
+The Settlement Part requires formal settlement efforts in cases where the proposed aggregate penalty is $200,000 or more, or the Chief Judge finds that the case is appropriate for this part because of its complexity. The Review Commission hopes to expand this program by rule changes altering the criteria permitted by its rules for the selection of non-complex cases assigned to the E-Z Trial process.
+E-Z Trial Case Activity
+FY 2000 through FY 2005
+The proportion of new cases assigned to the E-Z Trial process has averaged 35.5% over the last four years. However, based on case assignment for fiscal year 2003, the Review Commission projects 43% of the new cases will be assigned to the E-Z Trial process. The budget assumes the proportion of cases assigned to the program in FY 2004 will be relatively stable at 43% and will increase to 45% in FY 2005.
+Anticipated Administrative Law Judge Workload for FY 2005 2005, the same number as included in the FY 2004 budget. The Review Commission’s caseload is affected not only by the number of inspections but also by OSHA’s focus on the highest hazard workplaces and most serious workplace hazards. These inspections tend to result in more complex cases. These complex cases consume extensive judicial time. Their discovery process is lengthy and time consuming, motion practice is expanded, legal research and decision-writing time is protracted and, of necessity, the trial process is elongated and complicated. For example, in FY 2000 the longest hearing was roughly 12 days, as compared to about 30.4 days in FY 2001.
+Administrative Law Judge Case Activity
+The table above shows projected, as well as recent, case activity. Data for FY 2002 indicate a decrease in the case inventory at the end of the year. The Review Commission also projects a decrease in the inventory at the end of FY 2003 because a higher proportion of cases are being assigned to the E-Z Trial process and thus are resolved more expeditiously.
+Factors contributing to the decrease of end-of-year inventory also include improved case management through technological improvements, assignment of cases to E-Z Trial, and improved settlement efforts. Data for FY 2002 shows a decrease in the number of cases appealed to the Review Commission from the FY 2000 level. from FY 2003 through FY 2005 at 6.5% of the OSHA inspections.
+The decrease in the number and proportion of contested citations resulted in a decrease in the inventory at the end of FY 2002 compared to FY 2001’s level. Based on the assumption that the proportion of contested citations will remain level at 6.5% and on the projected number of OSHA inspections in FY 2003, the Agency expects case inventory at the end of FYs 2004 and 2005 to be relatively stable.
+Staffing
+Of the total 69 FTEs requested, 26 are required for the Administrative Law Judge function. This staff level includes the employment of 13 Administrative Law Judges, of staff attorneys, and other support staff. Given the number of inspections occurring in FY 2003, those projected by OSHA for future years, and the complexity of the cases received, the Review Commission believes this is the minimum number of FTEs in that office needed to address the expected workload and meet its performance targets.
+The Chief Judge manages the effort to meet the Agency’s:
+Strategic Plan Performance Objectives
+Public Service Goal
+To assure fair, just, and expeditious adjudication of disputes brought before the Commission and its judges
+Increase the percent of non-complex cases at the Administrative Law Judge level that are resolved in less than one year 2001 through 2005:
+FY 2001
+Actual
+(Target)
+FY 2002
+FY 2003
+FY 2004
+Target
+FY 2005. Most recently, were confirmed by the Senate. 2005until.
+From late August 2002 until the present, the Commission has maintained a quorum. All three Members were on board until April 27, 2003, when the term of a Commissioner expired. That vacancy existed until early September 2003, when the Commission once again regained a full membership. Although the assumption is that the Commission will maintain a full membership into FY 2005, an unexpected vacancy could again impact the Agency’s ability to decide cases.
+In FY 2003, the Commission issued decisions in 31 cases. Most of these cases are two years or more old. At the same time, the number of new cases in FY 2003 was only 17, substantially fewer than in previous years. Thus, the Commission began FY 2004 with 60 cases pending on review.
+Because the Commission expects stability in membership until seven months into FY 2005, case production should be consistent throughout FY 2004. A slight rise in the number of incoming cases is projected, as FY 2003 seems unusually low. Solid case production focused on deciding and issuing decisions in older cases is projected to reduce further the Commission’s case inventory. Absent a substantial increase in the number of new cases, the Commission anticipates ending FY 2004 with about 48 cases pending on review.
+A similar pattern is anticipated for FY 2005. The term of one Commission Member will expire seven months into FY 2005; however, a quorum will not be lost unless another unexpected vacancy were to occur. Cases will continue to be decided. Again, absent greater than anticipated increases in the number of incoming cases, the Commission expects to end FY 2005 with only about 32 cases pending.
+Office of General Counsel and Commissioners’ Case Activity
+FY 2000 - FY 2005
+The FY 2005 2005. goal teams 2005.
+FY 2000
+Actual
+FY 2002
+FY 2003 2005
+During FY 2005, Timely implementation and oversight of the Agency’s succession and transition plans and other human capital objectives
+The Review Commission updated 2005 budget requests funding for 17 FTEs for the Management and Administration function to perform the duties and responsibilities outlined above. 2005, the Review Commission requests $10,516,000. This amount is 6.6 percent above the FY 2004 appropriation of $9,863,000 and 4.0 percent above the amount requested in FY 2004 ($10,115,000). The request would continue to support 69 FTEs. The increase in the budget request reflects increased personnel/payroll costs. Within the funds requested, the Review Commission would support the same level of activities included in the FY 2004 level. proposed budget by object classification category is shown in the table below, along with the current year budget. A narrative explanation of the amounts requested for each object classification follows the table.
+Object Classification Table
+for the
+Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
+Fiscal Years 2004 and 2005
+($ in 000s)
+* The amount in the FY 2004 column does not agree with the amount in the “A Fiscal Year 2004 Integrated Budget Request and Annual Performance Plan” because funds have been redistributed to a different object class. The purpose the funds were requested for has not changed.
+11.0 Full Time Permanent Positions
+The request for FY 2005 includes $6,826,000 to fund the direct payroll costs of 69 FTEs. This is an increase of $479,000 from the FY 2004 level. This amount includes the effect of the general pay raise in January 2003 and of the proposed general pay raises in January 2004 and 2005. We expect to use the 69 FTE requested in fiscal year FY 2004. 2005. These benefits principally consist of the government’s contribution to the CSRS and FERS retirement programs, life and health insurance programs, the Transit Subsidy Program, and the Thrift Savings Plan. The request reflects the decrease in the government contribution rates for the CSRS. $99 2003. As requested by GSA, funds for security are included under this object class for
+FY 2004. The security function is now with the Department of Homeland Security, therefore, in FY 2005, costs for security are included under Services by Other Federal Agencies. The reduction results from the change in the object class under which security is being presented.
+23.3 Communications, Utilities and Miscellaneous Charges
+Telephone and postage costs are projected to require $61,000 in FY 2005. Local phone service and telecommunications is expected to require $39,000. Long distance service is estimated at $6,000, and postage for the required mailing of letters, cases, and other materials is expected to be  and development of the Review Commission’s automated data processing system ($51,000), support for new, which is housed and maintained by the Government Printing Office.
+The funds requested would allow the Agency to correct weaknesses identified in the evaluation of the security of its information technology systems, provide training for employees, and conduct the audit of our financial statements.
+25.3 Services by Other Federal Agencies
+An amount of $326,000 is requested for services provided by other federal agencies. This area includes $15,000 for the costs of support for personnel and payroll services provided by the National Finance Center, $250,000 for the costs of financial and administrative services provided by the Bureau of Public Debt, $41,000 for the costs of building security provided by the Department of Homeland Security, and $20,000 for other interagency services. The costs of services provided by the Bureau of Public Debt have more than doubled because of increased reporting requirements as a result of the Taxpayer Accountability Act of 2002 and an increase in the number of transactions. The balance of the increase results from the rise in costs due to inflation.
+25.7 Repair and Maintenance of Equipment
+An amount of $36,000 is requested for repair and maintenance of equipment including equipment used for printing and reproduction of cases and automated data processing equipment. The balance of the request ($10 2005..
+V. Other Tables
+Appropriation History Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission04,808 by P.L. 108-199.
+Authorized Full Time Positions, by Function
+You have a large commercial truck tracking system and you are concerned that your employees are going off the rails and costing you more than you should? Or do you just want your truck to be safe from theft? Are you looking for a GPS solution for your transport company? These are some of the reasons why you want to use a truck/vehicle GPS tracking device that is not only cheap and easily accessible, but also small enough to not be easily detected. This means that you are fully responsible for your vehicle.
+With the advancement of technology, it is also becoming more affordable to reach more people. The GPS truck tracking system is no exception. In more and more companies there is a growing demand for efficient, pocket-sized, easy-to-use GPS devices. Not only is it durable and easy to use, but it’s also small enough to be discreet and fit anywhere in the car, whether it’s under the seat or behind the glove box. It should also have a long battery life to keep the motion recording free from suspicion.
+Your search for the best fleet tracking system is over, as we have gathered information on the best commercial truck devices and applications for this purpose. In this article we will compare the advantages and disadvantages of all devices, as well as their price and availability. Because for your business, you don’t have to settle for the best.
+Best commercial truck locators
+>
+1. Spytec GL300MA GPS Tracker
+With a score of 4/5 on Amazon, it’s the best you’ve got. The tracker is equipped with a powerful battery that claims to last more than 2.5 weeks. The device is small, only 5 cm long and 0.38 cm thick. At this size it can be placed anywhere in the truck, under the hood, behind the glove box or under the seat. It can also be installed on the outside of the vehicle with a separate magnetic waterproof cover (sold separately).
+A monthly subscription will cost you $24.95 per month, but it’s worth it and there’s a discount for bulk buyers.
+>
+For
+- The small size is only 3 inches long and 0.38 inches thick.
+- Real-time monitoring of the ship, adapted to the trade in trolleys.
+- Text and e-mail alerts
+- Monthly subscription without cancellation fee
+- Lifetime Warranty
+Cons
+- The subscription price is higher at $24.95.
+- Requires a separate magnetic superstructure for sealing
+2. Track-4 GPS Tracker
+Best rating so far on Amazon 4.3/5 with some good reviews. The unit measures 4.1 x 2.25 x 1.1 inches and can be installed anywhere in your vehicle. Can update geofences and activities by text and email at a chosen frequency. 3 plans to choose from with flexible management.
+The main feature is the battery, which lasts about 18 months on a single charge, which is not the case with other devices. The subscription is annual and discounted monthly. The device is waterproof and there is no need to purchase an additional cover.
+>
+For
+- Rigid and robust construction
+- Flexible ping speed of your choice
+- 2 year warranty
+- No cancellation or activation fees
+- Interactive user interface
+Cons
+- Works only in the United States.
+- No display for power supply and I/Os
+3. Amcrest 2-Pack 4G LTE GPS Tracker
+Their motto is: Follow what you want, and you love your trucks, and with this unit your trucks are covered. The device is small, but it is very useful for tracking your fleet. The device is discreet and fits anywhere. With an autonomy of 10 to 14 days, you can make miles. Works within 4G coverage and sends you minutely detailed information about your vehicle, including speed and exact location.
+The device comes with flexible plans and subscription options. It is waterproof and not impenetrable as other devices claim. An additional function of the SOS system : When you press the button, a location text is sent to the people you specified.
+>
+For
+- SOS functionality
+- Waterproofing
+- Interactive lights to indicate power.
+- User-friendly Android/IOS
+Cons
+- Does not work outside 4G zones
+- Does not work outside the United States.
+4. GPSit1000BZL LTE Vehicle Locator
+The device is not intended for secret but safe use. No batteries are used, but the batteries are installed directly in the on-board diagnostic (OBD) system. However, some prior knowledge of the system is required to install the device. The main feature is the ability to follow curve by curve and stop by stop, even when the engine is running and idling. That’s what every fleet owner wants to know about their truck.
+The format is pretty solid, with an interactive interface and a flexible layout. But safety is probably not that important.
+>
+For
+- Real-time location service with every motion report
+- Coverage of 4G LTE service
+- Suitable for all operating systems (IOS, Android, Windows).
+- No contractual restrictions
+Cons
+- The technical knowledge required for the installation process
+- No coverage outside the 4G range
+- A separate plug-and-play system must be purchased for ease of installation.
+5. AES RGT90 GPS Tracker GPRS Mini Portable Car Rental Tracker
+If you want a little more for the extra money, you’ve chosen the right product. If you want your GPS truck to work outside the United States, this is the ultimate choice. This device works in the United States, Canada, Mexico and 100 other countries. Isn’t it great for the extra money you’re going to spend? With a 3 month battery and an intelligent location system that shows you your exact location by SMS every 20 seconds.
+It comes with a magnetic cover that allows you to attach it anywhere in your truck without anyone knowing it’s there. Monitoring is unlimited thanks to a two-way system where you control the GPS no matter where you are.
+>
+For
+- GPS is powerful and accurate
+- Unlimited access to the location and movement of vehicles
+- Bidirectional communication system
+- Operating in 100 countries around the world
+Cons
+- Battery life is problematic
+- The user interface is difficult to understand
+6. TKSTAR GPS Tracker
+The device is unique in that it can be used through the user interface available on the website and through the application, as well as through Google Maps. A feature that no other device offers until now. The device is waterproof and has a sturdy magnetic cover that can be attached to any metal part of the vehicle.
+The sensors are amazing because they detect every vibration and every small change in position. Notifications are sent to you by SMS, and this is absolutely included in the bundle, with no hidden costs.
+>
+For
+- Vibration sensors
+- Tracking on Google map
+- 3 months battery life
+- 3 months of car magazines
+7. My20 ELD (electronic tachograph) + GPS vehicle tracking system
+The less the better, if anything to support that adage. This small, easy-to-use device has a pleasant and interactive user interface. Simply connect the device to the On Board Diagnostic (OBD) system and you are ready to go. The device tracks the truck in real time and can even manage multiple vehicles in the fleet simultaneously from a single application. It is easy to use and manage via IOS and Android.
+>
+For
+- Easy to use interface with Android and the iOS application.
+- Easy configuration and real-time monitoring
+- Geofencing
+- 4G Coverage
+Cons
+- No coverage outside the LTE area
+- No support for Windows and desktops
+8. Amcrest GPS Tracker
+Beautifully designed and built for performance and discretion. The GPS device provides full coverage of your truck and security. Thanks to its many options and alert frequencies, the device has an autonomy of 14+ days to 2-3 days, depending on how often you want it to send you location alerts.
+The manufacturer is confident enough to offer a lifetime warranty on the device. Although it only works in the United States, Canada and Mexico, it has a wide reach. The device can be controlled from all types of operating systems, from Android, IOS to Mac, as well as from a window. The manufacturer also offers free and unlimited customer service.
+>
+For
+- Wide accessibility of the user interface via the operating system and browser
+- Easy installation and operation
+- Multiple SMS and email notification frequencies
+Cons
+- Coverage is limited to NAFTA countries.
+- 14 days battery life.
+9. 140 Days 4G LTE Magnetic GPS Tracker
+A little extra for extra work. The device is designed for endurance and performance. With optional batteries it lasts 140 days, hence the name. The device is a bit heavy (about 1.5 kg), but in terms of performance it is better than most. It covers all of North America. Thanks to 4G coverage, you can track vehicle speed and turns on the road at lightning speed. It also operates in remote areas.
+>
+For
+- 140 days battery life with optional battery pack included
+- Covers all of North America
+- No hidden costs and monthly maintenance fees
+Cons
+- User interface lags behind most competitors
+- Heavier than most available GPS systems.
+Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
+V: Can you track your truck?
+A : All devices that are best sellers on Amazon are listed here. GPS devices are designed for trucks and cars. You can easily attach the device anywhere in your car/car and track it via the Android or iOS application. This function varies depending on the type of camera selected.
+F: Where would you hide the GPS tracker in a truck?
+A : There are many places in your trucks where you can hide the device. The device is small, so it can be hidden under the dashboard, under the bonnet, behind the seat and near tires, fenders and the like.
+F: How can I track my company car?
+A : The vehicles are always visible in the application or on the company website, where you can search for a specific truck. There are also IOS, Android and browser-based applications that can track vehicle movements.
+F: What is the best automatic tracking system without monthly fees?
+A : There are many automatic tracking devices available, and they are all good enough to provide protection, but there are some that are not commercially available and are free.
+Completion
+After looking at all the devices with the best reviews on Amazon, it is clear that the competition is fierce and it is not easy to decide which one is the best. However, the choice of devices is made according to the customer’s requirements. The ultimate goal of the device is to enable real-time geolocation of trucks and their movements. This is crucial for the safety of the installations. The more money you spend, the more opportunities you have for your business. The items listed should help you choose what is best for you.
+Related Tags:
+solar powered trailer gps tracker, flex solar trailer tracker, go7 3gatt, kenworth gps tracker, geo tab tracking, freightliner gps tracking, gps fleet tracking canada, fleet gps tracking no monthly fee, gps fleet tracking pricing, live gps vehicle tracking, gps obd trackers, how do obd gps trackers work, fleet management software free, fleet management solution providers, fleet management software companies in usa, gps tracking system for trucks in india, track your truck login, gps tracking device for vans, gps tracker for vehicle, working of vehicle tracking system, gps in work vehicles, gps tracking companies in usa, samsara trackers, gps insight tracking solution, best gps asset tracker, gps tracker solutions, advanced gps tracking system, atti shadow tracker mobile, shadow gps tracker, advance gps, gps trackit, one step gps reviews, gv350ma, tracker system gps, nwan tracking, tracking truck drivers, battery powered gps tracker for trailer, verizon connect gps tracking, gps tracker for commercial vehicles, gps fleet tracking small business, best gps fleet tracking small business, vehicle tracking system, best fleet maintenance software, vehicle tracking solutions, fleet tracking app
+Published on May 8th, 2017 | by William Charles53
+U.S. Bank Altitude Reserve Review – 50,000 Point Sign Up Bonus ($750 Towards Airfare) + $325 Travel Credits
+U.S. Bank has officially just launched their new Altitude Reserve credit card. As is tradition, it’s time for our in depth review of this new premium credit card.
+Contents
+- 1 Quick Overview
+- 2 Application Information
+- 3 Card Benefits
+- 4 Earning Rewards
+- 5 Redeeming Rewards
+- 6 Our Verdict
+- 7 Tips/Things To Know
+- 8 F.A.Q’s
+Quick Overview
+- Sign up bonus of 50,000 points after $4,500 in spend within the first 90 days
+- Annual fee of $400 for the primary cardholder. Authorized users can be added for $75 each.
+- $325 in annual travel credits. This is based on a card member year, rather than calendar year.
+- Card earns at the following rates:
+- 3x on mobile payments (including LoopPay/MST transactions)
+- 3x on travel purchases made directly with airlines, hotels, car rental companies, taxis, limousines, passenger trains and cruise line companies
+- 1x on all other purchases
+- Priority Pass Select Membership
+Application Information
+Who is eligible for this card?
+-
+You can view the best way to become eligible by clicking here. If you’re not recognized as an existing customer no hard pull will be done. There also seems to be some suggestion that the following helps:
+- Income of $60,000+
+- FICO score of 720+
+What Credit Bureau Does U.S. Bank Pull For The Altitude Reserve?
+This varies by the state you live in, you can view more information about this here.
+What Credit Limit Will I Receive?
+This varies from person to person. The minimum credit limit for this card is $5,000 (lower than the $10,000 limit required for other Visa Infinite cards).
+Card Benefits
+You’d expect significant card benefits for a card with a $400 annual fee. Let’s go into detail for each benefit this card offers.
+$325 Annual Travel Credit
+This card provides you with up to $325 in annual travel credits per card member year. Your account is credited whenever your card is used for purchases made directly (e.g not through a travel agent) from:
+- Airlines
+- Hotels
+- Car rental companies
+- Taxis
+- Limousines
+- Passenger trains
+- Cruise lines).
+12 Complimentary Gogo Wi-Fi Passes
+Things to know:
+- These passes are valid for 12 months from the date that you register your card.
+- Each flight segment (takeoff and landing) will use up one of these passes.
+- You must register for this benefit before flying
+- Same benefit as offered on the Visa FlexPerks card
+Priority Pass Select Membership
+- Can enroll one card member in the program at a time.
+- First four visits and four individual accompanying guest visits are waived each Priority Pass Select membership reward
+- After the free visits have been used you will be charged $27 per person per visit
+Global Entry or TSA Pre✔ Fee Credit
+You can receive a statement credit of up to $100 when you use your card for the application fee on Global Entry or TSA PreCheck. You’re able to receive this statement credit once every 4 years.
+GroundLink Black Car Service
+- 15% off the base rate for reservations booked and paid with using the Altitude Reserve
+- One time $30 promotional credit towards a booking
+Silvercar
+Rent an Audi A4 with no lines or paperwork from airport locations in select cities and receive a discount of up to 30% on rentals of two days or more.
+Elite Hotel Benefits At Relais & Châteaux:
+- Access to a special reservations line
+- Welcome gifts & amenities
+- Unique experiences/extras (e.g picnic lunch served by Little Nell at the top of Colorado’s Aspen Mountain)
+An example of what you receive can be found on the website for the Wedgewood Hotel.
+Metal Card
+Card is made from metal.
+Earning Rewards
+50,000 Point Sign Up Bonus
+This card has a sign up bonus of 50,000 points after $4,500 in spend within the first 90 days.
+Ongoing Spend
+- Card earns at the following rates:
+- 3x on mobile payments (including LoopPay/MST transactions, see also this post)
+- 3x on travel purchases made directly with airlines, hotels, car rental companies, taxis, limousines, passenger trains and cruise line companies
+- 1x on all other purchases
+Transferring FlexPerks Points
+It’s possible to transfer FlexPerk points to Altitude points, but not vice versa. Keep in mind that FlexPerks have a maximum redemption value of 2¢.
+Redeeming Rewards
+Airfare, Hotels & Car Rental 1.5¢ Per lot of people:
+- 50,000 point sign up bonus (worth $500 or ~$750 towards flights)
+- $325 in travel credits
+- $400 annual fee.
+Tips/Things To Know
+- If you apply and want to share data points, please do so here.
+- Read these things everybody should know about U.S. Bank credit cards here.
+- They are offering 500 points for enrolling in real time rewards.
+- When you call in to activate your card tell them that you would also like to activate it for use in a mobile wallet.
+F.A.Q’s
+I’ll answer the more commonly asked questions here.
+What are my options for getting a Samsung
+All this really depends on how sensitive US Bank will be to MS on the mobile wallet category. The prediction is still that they will nerf it 1-3 years down the line, as USB is known to do. But if people can get away with repeated $500 transactions at drugstores/supermarkets/gas stations, then the value proposition is very high for MSers. USB is definitely not for $10k/day volume, but what about $5k/month? $5k MS at 3x a month would be $2700 for travel a year, making this card a real keeper. Even at levels of $2.5k a month, it’s well worth it at $1k profit.
+bob. you dont need to bother wondering how sensitive USB is to MSing. the answer is yes. you just need to be DL about it if you want to MS low volume with them. anything more will get too much attn. USB is a slaughter house. think about them closing buxx. closing all accounts based on recent inquiries and closing all accounts based on MO deposits. MS on their CC is no different.
+Did they close all accounts based on MO deposits to a USB checking account?
+Cause I’ve done a ton of that…am I boned?
+You’re overstating the profit at 5k month volume, you need to compare to putting it on a straight 2% (or even 2.5% or 3% these days) cards. I agree it might be a keeper for some though that can make use of that category.
+As a heavy Samsung Pay user, I will keep this card indefinitely so long as the travel credits are easily usable and redemptions at 1.5 cpp are worthwhile.
+So, the cheapest way to get Samsung Pay/NFC is around $200…the extra 1x earnt with this card above an ordinary 2% card would mean I’d need to spend $20,000 through Samsung Pay to break even. Given the shutdowns for GC, I think I’ll just harvest the bonus and move on.
+Just to clarify, Altitude Points can be redeemed at 1.5 cpp for airfare, hotel and car rental (not just airfare), right?
++1 this question.
+Personally, with airfare handled by award redemptions, Citi Prestige annual credit, discounts from Ritz Carlton Visa Infinite, incidentals covered by Ritz Carlton and Amex Platinum, and the opportunity to use purchase airfare with other flexible points programs (UR and MR), I’m feeling well covered re airfare and air travel incidentals. It’s the other travel costs – hotels, cars, trains, sightseeing tours – that are still bit harder to cover with points. 1.5cpp would be great for hotels etc.
+Exactly!
+The card link says:
+==
+Rich Point Value
+50,000 points can be redeemed for $750 in airfare, hotel stays or car rentals.
+==
+Not sure how it works in practice. If all redemptions are handled through their online portal then it’s that much more attractive.
+Updated, thought it was just airfare but seems you’re right. I get hotels at a 20%+ discount most of the time though so airfare only real attractive option for me.
+Unless you get reimbursed for hotel stays 😉
+Thanks Will!
+I do get reimbursed, but I get that 20% off rate even when I get reimbursed for the full price. I pass the discount onto my employer though
+I think before usbank cuts the benefit, this card is a good card, a 75 annual fee card can’t be better than this. The only thing I am worrying about is their services, I really don’t think they can be compared with Chase or AMEX, even same service,.
+P.s. I just tried to apply cd and checking account, both failed, no idea why, give up this card
+I don’t really think it as of a $75 AF card because travel credits =! cash
+even 100 annual fees card is better than others, all high level credit card holders must travel a lot, otherwise you are not targeted or you don’t need it, so the credit it worth! I even can fully use Ritz card’s credit fully.
+I think the only problem is that, when they cut the benefit, I do think no later than this year, it is easy for the MSers like me to ms 10000 per mouth.
+Why don’t you consider travel credit the same as cash?
+Uber/lyft should be considered correct? If I’m not getting credited for those rides, I’m paying full price for them then
+You can still get Uber/Lyft at a discount, even buying Uber GC from Amazon is a 8% discount when you account for 3x jetblue points and a 5% card.
+I think it’s worth mentioning “bulk fare” and “basic economy” through U.S. bank portal. Also, even though Altitude Reserve has travel protection, there is subtle difference in the insurance among high end cards. Assume you have a two-segment flight. Also, the first one is delayed and you are not able to make it for the second segment. If you choose to rent a car or call a cab because of the the work tomorrow, you will not get reimbursed with the CS(R) but will do with Citi Prestige. I’m not sure Altitude Reserve has which type of insurance.
+Redeeming toward annual fee is all inclusive. If you have tons of authorized users starting 2nd year, it will cover them as well. Though Altitude’s authorized users get no benefits what so ever…
+You mean that you can offset the AU cards with points at the same rate? Or paying with 35,000 points covers all AU?
+35000 points covers all AU. That’s what I remember some blogs have mentioned… Failed to find official reference within 5 min though…
+Hey Bill,
+Some people have reported the credit line as minimal as $1000 in reddit.
+That was just one DP right?
+Last year when I was applying for Visa Flexperks. I was approved for 4500. Called in to see if I can get bumped to 5k for VS. And I was told VS starts from 1k from around mid summer last year. Doubt VI will be the same but my Altitude was approved for 5k with a high balance and a recently closed medical collection. So… I doubt anybody can get worse than that…
+Just ordered a Samsung gear s3 for this card.
+Will fidelity visa card owner be counted as us bank customer?
+Not 100% sure, sorry. ANybody know?
+The one and only selling point on this sub-par cc is the x3 mobile which will be a mute point very shortly. Other banks are not going to sit still and will have offerings are there own or amendments to their existing rewards cc’s. I would not waste my time with a bank who is well known to nerf products fairly quickly.
+I give it 6 month tops before another major issuer like chase, amex, Citi comes in with their own offering and steal away US banks thunder from down under.
+Do the travel credits work for Uber/Lyft?
+US Banker on Reddit said they don’t know yet about that. I guess people will try and we’ll find out soon.
+Are the credits supposed to be in real time like the CSR or at statement time like the Prestige?
+USB rep said it depends on the MCC and she then proceeded to check Uber and Lyft and told me they would count.
+That’s why I think travel credit is as good as cash since I would be paying for the rides anyways
+@Chuck – I’ve received credits for Lyft on the card. They’ve been posting within 2-3 days of the purchase posting.
+excellent DP, thanks!
+Need DPs on whether US Bank will allow you to keep $325 credit on cancelled refundable flights.
+That allows you to get max $325 value from credit and make the card a no brainer year one. Basically a $475 cash bonus (use 35k points for AF, pocket the $325 bonus, cash out remaining 15000 points)
+It works on Prestige and CSR and Arrival+, so I assume it will here too. Especially if you cancel the flight after the statement in which you made the flight purchase, I don’t see them clawing back. But we shall see.
+Can you book Air Tahiti flights through their portal? PPT-BOB
+I don’t have any banking relationship with US Bank..does this mean I’m not eligible to apply?
+You need to have a bank account or credit card or some other relationship, as explained in the post. If you don’t, you can open a checking or savings account and apply 35 days later.
+Correct
+Has anyone been able to check their point earning on this card?
+My balance says zero, so they obviously post after the statement close.
+I poked around on the website and can’t find a way to see the points earned? Will we have to wait for a statement?
+I shop at Walmart a lot (I live in Bentonville, AR) so I’m specifically interested to see if my Walmart Pay transactions are earning 3X.
+**Reward point balance is zero. I have had transactions post.
+waiting for your dp. I also shop at Walmart a lot.
+My statement has posted and I can confirm that Walmart Pay does NOT earn bonus points. Apparently it is not considered an eligible mobile wallet payment. Very disappointing and I will not be keeping the card. Without Walmart Pay or any MS, this card is not a keeper.
+Just a data point, I was approved by with an income of 30K. (Although I was instantly denied, calling did the trick.
+And thanks for the great website!
+Has anyone with a CSR/Amex Plat and/or Altitude Reserve signed up for more than one priority pass membership? What happens if you do? Thanks.
+I signed up for both Plat and CSR PP memberships. Plat offers the option for a digital card (CSR doesn’t and it’s handy if you forget your card) and CSR offers unlimited guests (Plat limits guests). So it’s worthwhile to have both. You just have to label the cards so you know which is which. 🙂 I probably won’t activate the Altitude membership.
+Instantly approved today with $18,700 credit line. I only have the Club Carlson cc…..that I never use.
+They only gave me 5K with $175k income!
+Anybody know how soon the annual fee posts(on statement close?) and how many days you have to get the annual fee refunded from the day the fee posts??
+The annual fee posts at the statement close.
+Thought I’d throw out some data points. Lyft rides have been crediting as travel. Additionally, a bar tab at a hotel restaurant/bar where I was not staying credited as travel.
+Annual fee has not posted after having the card over a week.
+US Bank was EXTREMELY helpful with some problems I was having with a particular transaction. I haven’t experienced better customer service.
+DP:
+Applied 7/18/17 IN BRANCH.
+CreditKarma says US Bank pulled my TU, which had 5 HP’s in the last 17 months. TU FICO was 753 at the time. Have had a checking account with them since 2009, along with a College Visa (1k limit) and the Cash+. The banker/teller who applied for me asked a lot of questions/small talk, but I played along.
+I was approved immediately with 29k limit!
+Now just to not fuck it up…
+Friday, August 31, 2018
+Grassroots organizations or astroturf? How US Breastfeeding Policy Is Influenced.
+"Journalism is printing what someone else does not want printed: everything else is public relations." --George Orwell
+Suzanne Barston, CLC (Certified Lactation Consultant) is employed by AbbVie, a spinoff company from its parent company Abbott Labs. And silence rains upon the land. No one's talking, including breastfeeding advocacy organizations. I did ask the certification organizations for the credential CLC, if they would care to comment. Nope, nada and they can't even tell me whether Suzanne Barston is still certified or not. Fascinating how blinded organizations are in regard to the infant formula industry and its influence.
+Speaking of influence, exactly who influenced the US Health Department regarding the US position on breastfeeding at the World Health Assembly in May of this year? Could it have been a task force meeting held in February by the US National Institute of Child Health and Development? The Task Force was created regarding research on pregnant and lactating women (PRGLAC).
+."
+**The US Secretary of Health and Human Services is Alex Azar, previously President and CEO of ELI Lilly and Company (US Division) and delegate in May of this year to the World Health Assembly's meeting on breastfeeding. The US threatened various delegates about their support of breastfeeding. And made various proposals to change the language of breastfeeding support.
+The people who attended the February meeting held by the NICHD that reported to the Secretary of HHS, Alex Azar, included 3 members of the Fed Is Best Foundation-Beth del Castillo, Dr. Christie del Castillo-Hegyi, and Jody Segrave-Daly, RN, IBCLC. Representatives from various companies were there: Novartis, Eli Lilly, and various government representatives of the CDC, FDA and NICHD. Also various representatives from US hospitals, for example well-known in breastfeeding research, Diane Spatz.
+Representatives from Lippe Taylor, a PR company also attended this meeting. Their clients just happen to be, Nestle, Gerber, Pfizer, Reckitt Benkiser (Mead Johnson), P&G, Johnson & Johnson, Myriad, etc. Also the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) which has an interest in the gut microbiome.
+I have no idea how one gets an invitation to these meetings (not always the same people invited). I am particularly curious how the FIB (Fed Is Best) Foundation was able to get seats at this particular meeting. I certainly don't consider Jody Segave-Daly, RN, IBCLC to represent my views or those of IBCLCs I have known over the years. And I most definitely feel that Dr. Christie del Castillo-Hegyi has little understanding of breastfeeding research. Although she obviously is quite brilliant, having co-invented a patent with Edward A Berger, well known US government molecular biologist, using a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody against hiv.
+"A neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb) with potent and broadly cross-reactive activity would have great potential value in protocols aimed at preventing HIV infection before or immediately after exposure, for example in neonatal transmission, post-exposure prophylaxis, and as a topical inhibitor. Such a MAb may also be useful in treating chronic infection (D'Souza et al. J. Infect. Dis. 175:1056-1062, 1997). " US Patent #8420099 owned by the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services
+MAb's can be created by using human milk fat globule and injecting into mice.
+Although this patent does not appear to use these older techniques to create MAb's. But surprised that Dr. del Castillo-Hegyi can be an expert in molecular biology while also attending medical school. Yet fail to understand breastfeeding research.
+Some people may have first heard of the FIB Foundation, when Suzanne Barston introduced Dr. Del Castillo-Hegyi on her Fearless Formula Blog in 2015.
+I recently ran across an article by Dr. del Castillo-Hegyi and Jody Segrave-Daly, RN, IBCLC on the World Health Assembly (WHA) breastfeeding decision. I am amazed that they had so much information. Information that I hadn't seen anywhere else regarding the suggestions by the US delegates in changing the language of breastfeeding support at the WHA. They make the following statement,
+"Two pediatricians, Dr. Alma Golden and Dr. Brett Giroir, who were key members of the U.S. delegation attending the 71st World Health Assembly, wrote about the rationale for the U.S. opposition of the first draft"
+Dr. Brett Giroir is Assistant US Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services. He is co-inventor to various patents owned by Baxter, Cytokine Pharma Science and Xoma Technologies. Xoma technologies collaborates with many pharma companies including: Bristol Myers Squibb, Abbott, Elli Lilly and Company as well as the FDA.
+Dr. Alma Golden works for USAID and is involved in faith-based organizations for family planning, HIV/AIDS in order to advance global health.
+So I suppose I don't really wonder why the US delegates to the WHA seemed so breastfeeding unfriendly, lots of money riding on whether women breastfeed or not. Read an article in Chicago Business from July 9, 2018. It states,
+"The Trump's Administration's moves to weaken a resolution promoting breastfeeding at an international forum had a potential local beneficiary, North Chicago-based Abbott Laboratories."
+I am left with a lot of questions about those who seem to influence US breastfeeding policy. I understand industry's interest--its about the money. But the FIB Foundation's interest in dismantling breastfeeding advocacy not just in the USA but world-wide is a curious thing.
+Valerie W. McClain Copyright 2018
+Sunday, August 19, 2018
+Corporate Journalism and the Fearless Formula Feed."
+--Jim Aikon, "How AbbVie Leverages Social for Earned Media." 8/7/18
+Reading this article was an eye-opening experience, particularly since I have written in this blog about Suzanne Barston, otherwise known as The Fearless Formula Feeder. She is the author of the book, Bottled Up: How the Way We Feed Babies Has Come to Define Motherhood and Why It Shouldn't. When her book came out; she did the usual publicity tour of talk shows, book signing, etc. I remember watching her on one talk show and thinking how does someone who is virtually unknown able to garner so many public and media appearances? For that matter how did she get published? I chalked it up to her being a writer and editor for health and parenting publications. But of course now I wonder about her employment with Abbvie. Was she employed by Abbott Labs or Abbvie during the time she blogged and wrote her book? Or was this job the ultimate reward for attacking breastfeeding advocacy, by a company that is a spinoff of Abbott Labs, manufacturer of Similac?
+In 2011 Abbott Labs announced in the NY Times its intention to become 2 separate companies, a spinoff. This became official in January of 2013. Abbot Labs is considered the parent company.
+"A spinoff retains its assets, employees, and intellectual property from the parent company which gives it support in a number of ways, such as investing equity in the newly formed firm, and providing legal, technology, or financial services."
+--definition of spinoff,
+Corporate Journalist, Suzanne Barston, states in a session brief about her talk. Speak Softly and Carry a Big Narrative: When Quiet Stories Speak the Loudest, posted at epharma,
+"Complicating things further, patients and external audiences are more media savvy than ever. They can smell the complexity of marketing behind our best efforts; taste the inauthenticity in our paid influencer communications."
+and last sentence regarding her intended talk,
+"In this session, we'll examine how unbranded, journalistic content boosted a company's reputation in a tangible way, despite less-than-perfect metrics, and show how in the end, authentic storytelling is worth more than SEO [Search Engine Optimization-common term used by social marketing sites]."
+Reading that last sentence I wonder whether her "authentic storytelling" that boosted a company's reputation is about her blog-The Fearless Formula Feeder? As a corporate journalist, she is concerned that media savvy people may "taste the inauthenticity in our paid influencer communications." Well, I am tasting it and I am a bit angry. Our corporate journalist totally denied and dismissed the breastfeeding advocates who smelled something fishy about her blog. I wrote about it back in 2014,
+The really sad thing about this is that her blog has been quite influential. Her blog influenced quite a few breastfeeding advocates and some breastfeeding organizations to tone down their advocacy for fear of causing shame in formula feeding mothers. But she also was politically influential. In a position paper written by Jennifer Doverspike in 2013 to the The Federalist, a Republican conservative think tank organization, Doverspike writes in the second paragraph of her 6 page paper,
+."
+--Jennifer Doverspike, The Literal Nanny State--Breastfeeding and Public Health Officials, The Federalist
+Doverspike continues on to discuss the WHO Code as restrictive to access of formula, formula advertising and samples given to mothers. She states, "The WHO Code appears to be organized around a simple, if dubious, premise: It's always the evil corporations' fault." Then she writes about Iran taking control of the import and sale of infant formula (only available by prescription). She considers this madness. She considers it an encroachment on personal freedom.
+No, Jennifer Doverspike, this is not about personal freedom, its about corporate freedom to influence generations of parents to use their products no matter what the risks. Her introduction of don't believe me, read The Fearless Formula Feeder website seems rather ironic. Maybe it would be more truthful if this paper had just given out the Abbot Labs or Abbvie websites rather than Suzanne Barston's website. Has this paper influenced US politics? I would say so after reading about the performance of the US delegation to WHA (World Health Assembly) regarding support of breastfeeding. This Republican Administration appears to be under the sway of this particular paper.
+Doverspike gives breastfeeding its token benefits but states they are exaggerated. Her concerns are supposedly about the USA becoming a "Nanny State," where personal choice becomes limited. Yet I have to wonder, if the real concern is about propping up a billion dollar industry, so that there is no governmental oversight, no regulations?
+She states that the benefits of breastfeeding are exaggerated. She ought to read a few infant formula patents in which the infant formula company just has to use a synthetic/genetically engineered imitation of a human milk component to improve or make a safer product. Interestingly I have read various breastfeeding advocates who state there are no benefits to breastfeeding. Ignorance versus ignorance seems to be the way of our media-crazed social marketing internet.
+Well, Fearless Formula Feeder, aka corporate journalist (although I fear I will never like the word-journalist-any more); how do you sleep at night? Any regrets? It feels like a con, smells like a con, by god we have been conned.
+Monday, August 6, 2018
+Down the Rabbit-Hole-part 2: "Money is the mother's milk of politics."
+." --Vandana Shiva, "Tackling 'Monocultures of the Mind'"
+Glued to my seat, I stare at the computer screen. I learn that some Americans are deeply surprised that breastfeeding is political. And some people are surprised and shocked that US delegates to the World Health Assembly in May had tried and partly succeeded in watering down (only minor changes they say) an international resolution supporting breastfeeding. Why am I not surprised? The only thing I am surprised about is that it took 2 months for this information to make it to the US new's cycle!
+The Trump/Republican Administration has its priorities. Chaos becomes a priority, a smokescreen that hides intention. Changing stories, repetitive lying is designed to create a level of mental chaos on one's opponents and everyone is an opponent. People have to make sense out of the decision-making of this Administration. And the reality is that this Administration is not about sense. It's about distraction and chaos. Trying to make sense of it, is a fruitless task.
+Having lived 60-some years on this earth, I have on occasion met people who are driven to create chaos in their lives as well as in everyone else's life. I learned to not waste my time analyzing their behavior, trying to make sense out of senseless actions. Instead, I realized that there is no appeasement with those who choose to rein chaos down on your life. Walking away, keeping a distance has been a solution. But what to do when those who are governing a people are intent upon reining havoc upon their nation as well as other nations?
+The Business of Patents
+Over the years I have been told many things in regard to my "obsession," about human milk component patenting. I have been told by some breastfeeding advocates that patents don't mean anything. so I suppose that comment means I am wasting my time by writing about it. Yet corporations spend thousands upon thousands of dollars in fees to the US Patent Office and thousands of dollars in IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) lawyers, and court proceedings. An international patent is estimated to cost over $100,000. A US patent can cost from $12,000 (less complex patent) to $20,000 (software patents) in filing costs alone. Then there are attorney fees ranging from $5000-$15,000. Large corporations have multiple patents and patent applications. Court costs for patent infringement cases can cost a million or so dollars. So if money has any meaning, then patenting appears to me to be a huge investment by corporations. So patents on human milk components have a economic and political impact. And that impact can be and is already showing to be a negative impact on the promotion of breastfeeding.
+I have to dismiss this attitude that patenting means nothing. In an editorial in Intellectual Asset Management (july/August 2012) titled, "Key issues in building a strong life sciences patent portfolio," the article states,
+"Patents are the engine that drives venture capital investment and initial public offer funding, as well as mergers and acquisitions in the life sciences industries. Venture capitalists, Big Pharma and the stock market all need to be convinced that a start up has enough IP protection to gain an edge over its competitors."
+In the Boston Business Journal, Joe Hadzima, Jr., Senior Lecturer at MIT Sloan School of Management states,
+."
+While many people may think that patents are meaningless, it is quite apparent that in the business world they have monetary value. Dismissing the thousands of patents based on human milk component research as meaningless seems rather peculiar. Particularly when some of those patents are owned by the infant formula industry. Protecting the enormous investment in patents would seem like a probable outcome, particularly when a world organization asks for support for and promotion of breastfeeding. No corporation wants to throw money away on its investments by supporting the competition. And breastfeeding is the competition
+"Money is the mother's milk of politics" *
+"Money is the mother's milk of politics." This quote was used in an article that went on to discuss how 3 infant formula companies (Abbott, Nestle, and Mead Johnson which is now Reckitt Benckiser) spent $60.7 million on lobbying US lawmakers during the last decade.
+So not only does the infant formula industry use advertising to consumers to influence the buying habits of families but they also lobby the government in order to influence policy. This influence peddling is not new but is an ongoing situation in which corporate interests influence health care policies. Another form of influence is when heads of various governmental agencies have corporate backgrounds. For example the current head of the Department of Health and Human Resources, Secretary Alex Azar was President of Eli Lilly from 2012-2017 and also was on the Board of Directors of the organization BIO (Biotechnology Innovation Organization-trade association supporting biotechnology-genetic engineering-Monsanto). During his confirmation hearings for the job of Secretary for the Department of Health and Human Resources, he was questioned about his role in Eli Lilly's gaming of the patent system by extending their erectile dysfunction drug-Cialis by testing it on pediatric patients who had a rare muscle-wasting disease.
+As Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Resources, he is in charge of the reunification of immigrant families seeking asylum at the border. He made statements about this reunification process that, "There is no reason why any parent would not know where their child is located." And stated that the Department of HHS was acting out of "generosity for immigrant children." All of these statements contradicted by the facts brought out by various news organizations and the ACLU.
+Secretary Alex Azar was the head US delegate to the May meeting at the WHA (World Health Assembly) in which Ecuador was to introduce a supportive statement regarding breastfeeding. Most of us have heard the rest of the story. Ecuador felt threatened and backed down and the Russian delegates made the introduction to support breastfeeding. The US delegation says they did not threaten anyone. But obviously something happened.
+The US Deputy Secretary to Secretary Alex Azar is Eric D. Hargan who previously has been shareholder in a lobbying firm, Greenberg Traurig LLP. Some of the lobbying firm's clients were Bayer (a pharmaceutical company that also manufactures infant formula), Albertson's Grocery, Samsung. etc.
+According to the Washington Examiner on the WHO meeting on sugar taxes,
+"Eric Hargan, the U.S. deputy secretary for health and human services, reported that he was the commissioner who blocked advocacy for a levy on sugar on the said panel, arguing it was not clear that imposing taxes on sugary drinks like sodas and fruit juices would improve public health."
+Those who were appointed to the US Health and Human Services agency seem to side with business interests at the WHO. One would suppose that this agency would be supportive of health promotion not business promotion. But not to many people realize that the US Department of Health and Human Service owns patents. They even own a patent on human lactoferrin (a component of human milk).
+Patent #5948613, in which they state the following,
+."
+The patent was filed in 1996, so it is a dead patent. A patent is valid for 20 years from date of filing, although extensions are possible. Fascinating that the US Department of Health owned a patent that stated that human lactoferrin, a component of human milk, could eliminate a variety of health issues including AIDs. Yet, they are not supportive of breastfeeding by women who test positive for hiv. Maybe they forgot to read their own patent? Or maybe it is that money is the mother's milk of politics?
+* "Money is the mother's milk of politics," is attributed to statements made in 1960's by California Democrat, Jesse Unruh, who died in the 1980's.
+p. 180
+In ancient days the dog was looked upon as man's best friend, and the enemy of all supernatural beings: fairies, giants, hags, and monsters of the sea and the Underworld. When the seasons changed on the four "quarter days" of the year, and the whole world, as the folks believed, was thrown into confusion, the fairies and other spirits broke loose and went about plundering houses and barns and stealing children. At such times the dogs were watchful and active, and howled warning when they saw any of the supernatural creatures. They even attacked the fairies, and sometimes after such fights they returned home with all the hair scraped off their bodies.
+A story is still current in Edinburgh about a piper and his dog, and their meeting with a monster of the Underworld. This monster haunted an underground passage, which is said to run from Edinburgh Castle to Holyrood Palace, and was called Great-Hand, for no one ever saw aught of it except its gigantic grisly hand with nails like an eagle's claw.
+p. 181
+In days of long ago the underground passage was used by soldiers when the enemies of the King of Scotland invaded the kingdom and laid siege to Edinburgh Castle, his chief stronghold. The soldiers could leave the castle and fall upon the besiegers from behind, and through it reinforcements could be sent to the castle. When, however, the spirit called Great-Hand began to haunt the tunnel, it could not be used any longer, for every man who entered it perished in the darkness.
+The piper was a brave man, and he resolved to explore the tunnel with his dog. "I shall play my bagpipe all the way through," he said to his friends, "and you can follow the sound of the piping above the ground."
+There is a cave below the castle which leads to the tunnel, and the piper entered it one morning, playing a merry tune. His faithful dog followed him. The people heard the sound of the bagpipe as they walked down High Street, listening intently, but when they reached the spot which is called the "Heart of Midlothian" the piping stopped abruptly, as if the pipes had been torn suddenly from the piper's hands. The piper was never seen again, but his dog, without a hair on its body, came running out of the cave below the castle.
+There are other strange passages below hills, and even below the sea, about which stories have been told. The longest of these is one that is
+p. 182
+supposed to stretch from a cave in Oban to another cave in the Island of Mull. A Gaelic legend tells that a piper once entered the cave at Oban to explore the tunnel, but was never seen again. His dog returned with every hair torn from its body, and died soon afterwards.
+It is said that most of these passages have been made by fairies for the monster with the gigantic grisly Hand, and there are two stories about men who once caught glimpses of the Hand inside caves, and yet managed to escape from it.
+The first story is about an underground passage, over three miles long, that is said to connect the Dropping Cave, near Cromarty, with another cave in the fairy-haunted dell of Eathie, which is situated beside Navity Moor, where in ancient times the Earth Goddess was worshipped within a grove. It is told that when fires are lit in one of the caves the smoke comes out of the other.
+The Dropping Cave is so called because drops of water are constantly falling from its ceiling, which bristles with long tapering stalactites that look like icicles. There are lots of strange stories about this cave. Fishermen have told that they have seen blue lights hovering near it in the darkness, and also that often, on moonlight nights, a mermaid sits on a rock below it, combing her long yellow hair with her fingers and singing a low sad song.
+p. 183
+Once upon a time a little old man, with a pale wrinkled face and long grey beard, was seen sitting near the cave, gazing over the sea. He did not move for three days. People crept along the lonely shore to watch him from a distance, and fishermen, passing in their boats, stared at him with wondering eyes. No one dared to go near him except a half-witted lad, who first walked round the little old man, and then spoke, saying: "Why are you sitting here? Are you not tired yet?"
+The little old man made no answer, but shivered all over. Terrified by his appearance, the lad turned at once and fled homeward, crying: "He is shivering now, he is shivering now."
+On the evening of the third day the little old man disappeared. Soon afterwards a terrible storm broke out. It raged fiercely for several days, and, when it was over, the shores were strewn with wreckage and the bodies of drowned sailors. The people believed that the little old man was one of the inhabitants of the Underworld, and some have declared he was no other than Thomas the Rhymer.
+A Cromarty man, named William Millar, who lived over a hundred years ago, is said to have entered the Dropping Cave and explored part of the underground passage. When he returned he told that he had caught a glimpse of the great Hand.
+p. 184
+Before he entered the cave, Millar sewed sprigs of rowan and witch hazel in the hem of his vest. Into one of his pockets he put a Bible, and in his right hand he held a staff of blackthorn which he had cut on a calm night when the moon was full, and had dressed without using anything made of iron. With the aid of these charms he hoped to be able to protect himself against the spirits of the Under-world.
+Having lit a torch, Millar climbed up to the mouth of the dark wet cave, and entered it just as the sun was beginning to rise. He walked forward until the passage became so low and narrow that he had to crawl on his hands and knees. He crawled for some distance until the cave began to widen, and at length he found himself in a big underground chamber which was full of blue mist. A small and beautiful rainbow appeared round his flaming torch. For a time he stood gazing around him and above. The roof seemed to be very high, and the rocky walls were rough and bare. He walked onward, and as he did so the sound of his footsteps awoke many echoes loud and faint. It seemed as if a hundred people were walking through the cave.
+Suddenly Millar heard a curious humming noise. He stopped to listen, and when he did so the humming grew louder. He peered through the blue mist for a time, fearing to advance farther
+p. 185
+into the depths of that fearsome place. Then a fierce gust of wind blew in his face. The flames of the torch were swept backward, flickered, and went out. Just as this happened, Millar caught a glimpse of many dim forms flitting round about him. A cry of fear came from his lips, and he turned to run away, but stumbled over a stone, fell heavily, and became unconscious.
+How long he lay there he never could tell. When he woke, the chamber was no longer dark, for a red light shone through it. The humming noise had grown very loud, and seemed to be the noise of falling water. Thinking he was not far from the waterfalls of Eathie burn, he rose up and hastened forward. The passage grew narrow, and led to another large chamber, where he saw a great fire of fir logs burning fiercely, and a waterfall dashing over a rock into a deep pool beneath. In front of the pool was a big stone chest. The floor of the rocky chamber was strewn with human bones.
+Millar crept forward cautiously until he saw a big iron mace, red with rust and blood, lying at one end of the stone chest, and a horn dangling on a chain which came down from the rocky ceiling.
+He gazed at the horn for a minute; then he grasped it in his hands and blew a single blast which awoke a hundred echoes.
+No sooner did he do so than the waters ceased
+p. 186
+to fall. Millar was astonished, and thought he would blow the horn once again to see what would happen. But when he leaned forward to grasp it, he saw the lid of the stone chest rising slowly. He stepped back at once, for a sudden fear struck him, and he began to tremble like an aspen leaf.
+The lid rose and rose, and suddenly fell backward with a crash. Then out of the chest came a gigantic grisly Hand which grasped the big rusty mace. Millar shrieked and fled out of the rocky chamber. A fierce yell broke out behind him, and, turning round, he saw the Hand throwing down the mace, the lid of the chest rising, and the waterfall beginning to pour again over the rocks into the deep pool.
+With hasty steps he ran into the chamber in which he had lain in a swoon, and having found his torch, lit it again, and crept forward until he reached the narrow passage through which he had crawled. When at length he got out of the Dropping Cave, he found that the sun was setting over the western hills. He vowed never again to attempt to explore the underground passage to Eathie.
+Another cave story is told about a west-coast man named Mac Fadyen, who had a wonderful black dog which he had got from a fairy. This animal was very lazy, and used to sleep a great
+p. 187
+deal, and cat huge quantities of food. Mac Fadyen's wife hated it, and often said to her husband: "Your black dog is quite useless; it eats much food, and never does anything to help you. I think it should be drowned."
+Mac Fadyen would not drown it, however. "Leave it alone," he would say; "the dog will have its day."
+One morning many of the villagers went out to hunt the wild deer on the mountains. They roused a great fleet-footed stag which ran towards the village. All the dogs were behind it in full chase, except Mac Fadyen's dog, which lay sleeping in the sunshine at the corner of his house. The stag was heading for the loch, over which it could swim, and so escape from its pursuers, but it had first to pass Mac Fadyen's dog. Someone said: "Now the dog's great day has come at last."
+The hunters shouted and their dogs bayed aloud. Mac Fadyen's dog was awakened by the tumult, and, rising up, stretched itself and looked round about. It saw the great stag, but never moved to attack. Instead, it just lay down again and closed its eyes, and the stag entered the water and swam across the loch.
+"Kill that lazy dog of yours, Mac Fadyen," the hunters cried out; "it is of no use."
+Said Mac Fadyen: "Leave the dog alone; the dog will have its day."
+p. 188
+One morning Mac Fadyen and other two men went out to fish round the shores of a lonely island. When the boat was launched the dog walked down the beach, and leaping into it, stretched itself at Mac Fadyen's feet and went to sleep.
+"We do not require a dog when we go fishing," one of the men said. "Put your dog ashore, Mac Fadyen."
+Said Mac Fadyen: "Leave the dog alone; the dog will have its day."
+The men fished round the island all day, and when evening was coming on they landed and went to a cave. They lit a fire there and cooked some fish. Mac Fadyen's dog ate as much fish as did the three men together.
+Night came on, and the men lay down to sleep. Mac Fadyen had his dog beside him, and in the middle of the night the dog woke him with its growling. Mac Fadyen sat up. The fire was burning low, and in the silence he heard a dripping sound. He threw some dry twigs on the fire, and when the flames from them lit up the cave, he saw that both his friends were dead. The dripping he heard was the dripping of their blood flowing over the flat stones. The light went out, and Mac Fadyen sat trembling in the darkness while the dog kept growling angrily. Then Mac Fadyen heard a rustling sound, and saw,
+p. 189
+passing over the embers of the low fire, a great grisly Hand. It was feeling round about the cave for something, and Mac Fadyen shrank back to escape from it. Suddenly his dog leapt up and attacked the giant Hand. A fierce struggle followed. The Hand tried to grasp the dog, and the dog tried to tear the Hand to pieces. For several minutes the fight was waged with fury, and then the Hand was withdrawn. The dog followed it, and scampered out of the cave, and Mac Fadyen, trembling in the darkness, heard a great stamping overhead.
+He waited until the dawn began to break. Then he rose and left the cave, and ran down the beach. With a great effort he launched the boat, and, leaping into it, began to row away from the haunted island.
+He had not rowed a hundred yards when he saw two bright lights following him in the dusk of the dawn. Terrified by the lights, he bent himself to the oars and rowed faster and faster. The boat went quickly through the water, but the lights came quickly after him. In the growing brightness of early morning, Mac Fadyen saw at length that the lights he dreaded were the flaming eyes of his dog, which was swimming from the island and endeavouring to reach the boat. The fury of the fight had roused all the slumbering energy of the dog, and Mac Fadyen was afraid
+p. 90
+of it. He did not wait for it, but kept on rowing until the dog became exhausted and, sinking below the waves, was drowned.
+"The dog has had its day," said Mac Fadyen. "It saved my life."
+There are many Gaelic stories about faithful dogs, and some examples of these are as follows.
+A man named Colin Cameron had once a great fleet-footed greyhound. He went out to hunt with it on a September morning, and lost his way among the mountains. Night came on, and he allowed the dog to go ahead and followed it. In time he came to a lonely shieling on a hill-side, and saw a light issuing from it. The door was open, and he looked in. He saw an old woman clad in green sitting on the floor. She looked up and spoke, saying: "Are you not coming in, Colin Cameron?"
+Colin suspected that the woman was an evil spirit, and answered: "Not just now."
+"You have lost your way," she said.
+"Perhaps I shall find it ere long," he told her.
+"If you do not come in," she said next, "I had better go with you and show you the way to your house."
+"Do not trouble yourself," he answered; "I shall find my way myself"
+Having spoken thus, Colin turned and ran down the hill-side. Soon he found that his dog
+p. 191
+was not following him, and he stopped to call it. As he did so, the sound of a fierce struggle fell on his ears, and he began to run again. He ran a great distance. Then the moon rose up, and he found himself in a glen he knew, and turned his face homewards. He reached his own house in safety, and soon after he entered it his dog came in. The animal had not a hair left on its body except on its ears. It was panting with exhaustion and pain. Lying down at Colin's feet, it licked his hand, and then fell over on its right side and died.
+Colin realized at once what had happened. His faithful greyhound had waited behind at the shieling to prevent the green woman from following him.
+Another story is told about three men who once crossed a lonely moor in the night-time. They had a dog with them, and when they were halfway on their journey it began to run round and round them in ever-widening circles. At length the men heard the sound of fairy music, and one said to another: "The wee folk are dancing and making merry somewhere near us."
+They hastened on their way, fearing to meet the fairies. At length the sound of the dog howling and barking mingled with the music. Suddenly the music stopped abruptly, and they heard the trampling of many feet on the dark
+p. 192
+moor. They ran as fast as they were able until the sounds died away in the distance, and they reached in safety the house to which they were going. Early next morning the dog made its appearance. All the hair on its body had been scraped off as if with long nails, and soon after it entered the house it lay down and died.
+A man named Malcolm Mac Phee was once walking along a lonely rocky beach in Islay when a mermaid seized him. She thrust him into a cave, and there kept him a prisoner.
+Now Mac Phee had a big black dog, and his wife sent it out to search for its master. The wise animal at once ran towards the cave on the beach, where it found Mac Phee. No sooner did it arrive, however, than the mermaid rose out of the sea to prevent her prisoner escaping. The dog growled fiercely when it saw her, and she tried to drive it away.
+Said Mac Phee: "You had better let me go, or my dog will attack you."
+The mermaid laughed, and answered: "I shall keep you here until you die."
+No sooner did she say that than the dog sprang at her. A fierce struggle took place, and the mermaid tried to escape by leaping back into the sea. The dog followed her, and fought until it killed the mermaid, but was itself so severely wounded that it was drowned before it reached
+p. 193
+the shore. Mac Phee hastened homeward, lamenting the loss of his faithful dog.
+It is told that dogs can see the spirit messenger of death coming nigh in the darkness. When they catch sight of it they begin to howl. People who hear dogs howling at night fear that someone they know will meet with a fatal accident or die suddenly while asleep.
+The Banshee is dreaded by dogs. She is a fairy woman who washes white sheets in a ford by night when someone near at hand is about to die. It is said she has the power to appear during day-time in the form of a black dog, or a raven, or a hoodie-crow.
+The following is a Highland poem about the Banshee, who is supposed to sing a mournful song while she washes the death-clothes of one who is doomed to meet with a sudden and unexpected death:--
+Knee-deep she waded in the pool--
+The Banshee robed in green--
+Singing her song the whole night long,
+She washed the linen clean;
+The linen that must wrap the dead
+She beetled on a stone;
+She washed with dripping hands, blood-red,
+Low singing all alone:
+The Banshee I with second sight,
+Singing in the cold starlight;
+I wash the death-clothes pure and while,
+For Fergus More must die to-night. p. 194."
+The Banshee I with second sight,
+Singing in the cold starlight;
+I wash the death-clothes pure and while,
+For Fergus More must die to-night.
+He saw the blaze upon his heart
+Bright-gleaming down the glen;
+O, he was fain for home again!--
+He'd parted with his men.
+"Tis many a weary day," he'd sigh,
+"Since I did leave her side;
+I'll never more leave Scotland's shore
+And Una Ban, my bride."
+The Banshee I with second sight,
+Singing in the cold starlight;
+I wash the death-clothes pure and while,
+For Fergus More must die to-night.
+With thought of Una's tender love
+Soft tears his eyes did blind,
+When up there crept and swiftly leapt
+A man who stabbed behind.
+"Tis you," he cried, "who stole my bride.
+This night shall be your last." . . .
+As Fergus fell, the warm, red tide
+Of life came ebbing fast.
+The Banshee I with second sight,
+Singing in the cold starlight;
+I wash the death-clothes pure and while,
+For Fergus More must die to-night.
+What happens when a football team reduced to playing in people's gardens when they're out, gets drawn against Man Utd at home in the Cup?
+The once (almost) mighty Wanderers now play for fun and anywhere they can ~ and that's usually Mr Snodgrass's back garden when he's out. Even when an administrative error puts them in the FA Cup, they think it'll mean only a laugh and a quick exit. But flukes can sometimes lead us deeper into trouble ...
+Meanwhile, local Lothario, Jeremy Jardine sets his lascivious sights on a high-powered consultant, sent to put Wyberton, Spayne and Spigwell on the world map (once she can find it on an English one). She wants to make the area famous, he just wants to make her. For once, he seems to have met his match. For once, Mrs Jardine suspects something.
+Just a rather silly story of country folk, it should come to a satisfyingly silly but rounded conclusion. No Spayne Wanderers will not win the FACup but will Jardine 'FACup' his marriage? For now, Part I (General Life) is up plus a synopsis plus some old blogs about shelves.
+Enjoy.
+to rate this book please Register or Login
+football soccer business humour whatthefuckusearetags
+on 0 bookshelves
+on 6 watchlists
+To leave comments on this or any book please Register or Login
+Hi there, Dai!!! I have just read the first 5 chapters of your new book. Of course, being the Dai Lowe fan that I am and always will be, I enjoyed it very much. Although the story is sooo different from your other works posted here, your style remains brilliantly fresh and decisively different. A wonderful cut above the rest. But, naturally, I do have a few very minor comments...CHAPTER ONE: '...when Spayne were second...' I'm thinking that 'were' should be 'was'? hmmm...not sure, tho. I've never heard of 'pernickety' but I have heard of 'persnickety'.CHAPTER TWO: '...black and white strip...' Do you mean 'strip' to be 'stripe'? This is, overall, a great background chapter. Seems far less a history lesson and more just a nice conversation enlightening us to reasons behind the region's current predicament.CHAPTER THREE: 'It will be fairer to the reader...' Perhaps change 'the reader' to 'those interested' or something similar as specifically addressing 'the reader' seems to take things out of the style you have so cleverly already established. Things are getting fun in this chapter!CHAPTER FOUR: I would encourage you to delete the sentence that begins 'Feel free to pause...' as it is, again, a note to the reader and detracts from your style. Great hook at the end of this chapter.CHAPTER FIVE: I think, perhaps, maybe, you go a bit on and on regarding the meeting with Sarah Cordover and her search for something unique and cultural, which as it turns out, is for naught. Well, that's it, Dai. Don't take any of my comments too awfully seriously...this is a fun story! I do need to say that I don't understand the reason behind the long dashes just before each bit of dialogue. Also, I'm wondering why you refer to the team as Spayne Wanderers rather than 'The' Spayne Wanderers. I am from the other side of the pond and am used to seeing team names like The Chicago Bulls or The New York Jets. Is leaving the 'The' off a normal thing where you are? I hope you can dicipher my comments and I hope they might help. I enjoy your writing sooo much and look forward to reading the rest of this...... backing it right now!
+Mardi: thanks for the comments and shelf. Let me deal with the ideas, some of which I will definitely need to take on board.CHAPTER ONE: '...when Spayne were second...' Yes, was/were with a compound or synecdochic usage. Hmm...is it was because Spayne is a singular team/town or were because they are a group of players? I think we Brits use the plural, I'll have to check.Well, Swann's Practical English Usage, tells me it's another Atlantic side issue. Maybe for the same reason you're prone to putting a definite article before team names, the US standard is to say the team was successful. Over here it's less clear cut and can depend on surrounding clauses but either is acceptable and most of us tend to say the team were losers. eg we would say Boston United were disappointed at being destroyed but "A team is unhappy when it loses", because 'A' can only be singular. Maybe I shall change to a singular verb throughout so it plays in Nottingham and Peoria! Or maybe not cos were sounds more natural to me. JUST CHECKED ~ British newspaper soccer reports always use the plural forms with all team names.'pernickety'/'persnickety' Yes UK/US versions ~ word is of Scots origin apparently. ("adj finical; (of a task) exacting minute care")CHAPTER TWO: '...black and white strip...' Strip is right, it's what we Limeys use to denote a team's uniform ~ "a lightweight uniform, esp one displaying the club colours, for running, football, etc;"CHAPTER THREE:/FOUR Authorial intrusion. Interesting. Obviously there's a lot less than in Poonlop but I like the old-style books where the writer does address the reader casually from time to time ~ this only really works now in comedy, for which it gives a lot of scope. But your comment has given me a heads up to think about it detracting. I think I shall proceed with Part II and see how I feel. I can always come back and rewrite bits, if it isn't working/necessary.CHAPTER FIVE: I did wonder if this was getting too long. I like the opportunity for a few jokes at the town's expense, I want to lead in to the more substantial chapters to come but it's the jokes you leave out that make the rest stronger. Main options would be to see if I can cut some from I:5 and pepper them through Part II. One of the most important things I wanted to do with the dialogue there was to bring out the unsaid stuff with double meanings ~ not all of which may work stateside ~ do Yanks say 'Corrr' when they see a hot broad for instance? Is there a sense of Jeremy trying to get into Sarah's knickers, he cold (but teasing) indifference and Terri's seething jealousy? Will there still be if I trim it?Name: yes, we definitely don't use 'the' for sports teams. If you look at 'Chapter 6' which tells you where the story's going, you'll see there is a conection to 'my' team, ill-fated Boston United. They may not even be 'a' Boston United much longer!Like I said; useful stuff to ponder so I'll cherry pick that comment. Oh yeah ~ long dashes to indicate dialogue. This is the standard way on mainland Europe and, like Joyce, I find 'perverted commas' unappealing. Roddy Doyle and a few other writers in English have got away with it. I suspect a publisher would impose normality on me. Ho hum.
+One of those books which seems to be puzzling our Cousins over the pond but but hits the spot over here big time! Witty and told in an engaging style. Starred, regards, Mark
+Dear Dai, I am now reading & commenting on your 4th book. :) I love your humor & ideas on everything :) - particularly Al Gore's global warming was fun. :) Great write! :) Now, to book #5. :) Love, Susie :) p.s. Could you please take a moment to back my memoirs book? :) Thank you. :)
+How come I missed this? Ah. I remember. I was diverted by that Poonlop chap.This is utterly superb. The same wry dryness you bring to the forum and the same talent for using exactly the right words. It works and further comment from me would be superfluous. I can understand your "giving up" kick, because this book should be out there and it's an injustice that it isn't.
+Chapter 2I dunno. Maybe you're being experimental, maybe I'm just a Yankee who don't know any better, but I object to your use of a --- to denote dialogue. It's just annoying to me, for some reason. No big whoop, though. If you insist on using it, I'm sure you've got your reasons.I do sort of the same thing when writing in the first person, by excluding quotation marks from the first person's dialogue, but I happen to be an insufferably experimental writer. You might not want to be as pretentious as I am. :) Anyway, the dialogue itself is amusing enough. I enjoyed it. Then you give us some esoteric backstory (again, I dunno if the town of Spayne actually exists) and I gotta say it was pretty enjoyable, too. Most Americans won't know that the term 'strip' means 'sports jersey or uniform', but then again I doubt you're writing with Americans in mind. Okay, so I understand the FA cup is fertile ground for an underdog story. I think you've got a winner of a tale going here, Dai. Be nice if we had something similar to the FA Cup in the USA for our major sports, but I guess our amateur (re:university) teams get their own tournaments that garner nearly as much respect and media coverage as our professional contests. I know the idea of 'relegation' has been batted around (excuse the pun) in regards to professional baseball, but I doubt that it will ever become reality. Yeah, I've gone off topic here. I'm in favor of your efforts, Dai. The writing is full of wit. Well done.CheersJohn
+Chapter 1I usually denounce rhetorical narratives (characters asking themselves questions) but Mr Snodgrass can be forgiven. Because he's funny! In fact, I love the way you write, Dai. I don't know how to explain why I love it, but I do. *...until they stopped troubling the results on the telly...* Stuff like that. Like I said, I dunno why, but I like it. Being American I'm not sure if Spayne Wanderers actually exist, but I wish they did! I'm a big fan of Association Football (called Soccer over here) myself (Liverpool is my favorite team) so I'm intrigued by the premise of your novel. In fact, I just purchased the movie The Damn United and I'm biding time while it downloads on my XBOX. I can't wait to watch it. Whatever that does for you.Okay, anyway... Good writing. I think I'll check out the next chapter, too. Something I rarely do on Authonomy.CheersJohn
+Trying again to find readers, are you? I'll chance a go at it, as I enjoyed Fardells' Bear so much. Be warned that I never read pitches before I start reading a book. I like the story to explain itself to me without the marketing copy that goes with it. Like my compatriot, Mardi, I took a hard look at pernickety, but I decided to look it up, so I'll forgive the lack of the American s. I am at the end of Chapter 4 and I am still somewhat baffled by it. But I'm beginning to conclude there's some relation between the bird poop in the Garden and the match played by the Spayne Wanderers. The repeated references to bird poop, though it begins to lose it's charm after two or three iterations.On the whole, I would say a valiant effort. Your work is experimental and that is half its charm.I've done much work on my piece in the last six months, would appreciate it if you would have another look.Tim ChambersMoonbeam Highway: With Apologies to Miguel de Cervantes.
+Hi Dai. Noticed you were a fellow 'Catch22' fan, so had a look at your one man library. Sampled your Man United stuff. High octane whimsey. Really liked it. Shelved. Eric
+Warm and fuzzy, a lovely tale for men with balls.Craig
+Since I've learned you are out dating again I figured I'd come give this a read and see if any of that reincarnation elixir is here somewhere.I'm betting you were pouring over I.Newton's scribblings on alchemy.One can't help but imagine you pondering the white/seed embedded piles as you typed away on your keyboard. Did you do much research for that?Ugh, the description of Spayne's growth reads like the mushroom fields, the suburban sprawl, that has finally slowed in suburban Philadelphia. One can only hope that the recession holds off that growth a bit longer. The farms in my area and their fields need preserving. I may start a campaign.Can I virtually hi-five you for all the chapters starting with birdpoo at the head? well-done.Did I mention how much I enjoy your names? very much.so you are contemplating "cycles" is that it? end of a cycle? How many birds did you feed for this book?I don't enjoy the talk-into-the-camera as much here/there as I do in Poonlop.What are you after here? rebirth of a town...I may have been on to something - definitely alchemy.It felt so... nostalgic in a way.I'm not sure what I expected but this wasn't it. and a blogger too? how long in Spain?My father played baseball in college and am certain he dreamed of the big leagues. I however was good mainly at coming up with rhymes for the pitcher/batter to get the crowd laughing and Dad, being my coach, didn't appreciate it as much he would if I took the game seriously.I never did, and never followed any teams/sports - biut I love sports movies.(?)Keep up the mystery.Best wishes,-=Bradleyps you Are a complete twat if you're not out dating again.
+Personally I'm more like Mr. McBoggle than Mr. Snodgrass.Love it Dai.As caricature and humour go it is very well done. It reminds me a bit of the 'Full Monty' in an odd sort of way.beautifuly written and clever in it's inception.I've shelved it because it is so well written and different from most of the rubbish I read these days like newspapers and TV advets.Good onyer.Best,Fred(Swords across the Rhenus)
+Hi Dai,This is good stuff. You have a great way of hooking readers. I can see this as a film. Loved the humour. Superb prose.Shelved!Shinzy :)
+Knights of the Gardens of SpayneHi Dai, This is great stuff, really well written, a gentle-voiced narrator alongside some gloriously original characters. A light easy read with a deep nostalgia suffusing each page. It was, I know it, better back then, the comedic element exudes from your prose as well and we feel in the company of a master storyteller, best wishes and good luck - Andrew W.
+Wanderers, Wanderers, Wanderers...excellent stuff, really good funny writing. I'm a mad soccer fan too Liverpool by the way, so this is definitely for my shelf. Backed
+Love it. Shelved.
+Bloody hopeless. I come over here, lured with promises of tins of baked beans, and what do I find? Not a bloody bean in sight. Not only that, but bird-poo. BIRD-POO? What kind of a joint is this, anyway?H'mph.Shelved.(OK, the bit about COAT, EXPENSIVE; FEMALE, CHAV; NO MATCH FOUND was pretty funny, I suppose. If you patent a chavometer I shall buy one, the better to defend my innocent children from their scheming depradations. But only if Part II contains a decent chippy. I know they have chippies in Lincs. I've been to one.)
+Dai, Your openings always grab me. You have mastered the very difficult art of hooking, that many writers can only hope to achieve. You are a hooker. See you in print, Charity
+DaimondoThis is class kidda. Shelved.
+It's amazing what you can do when you get off that couch, Dai.Cheers,Simon
+Hi Dai,This made me laugh. Partly because as I was reading it I was also mentally visualising some small local team from Woop Wop coming up against Geelong or such in an AFL game. (Don't worry; only Aussies will understand that reference!) Three chapters in and I'll be back for more.I suspect 'It's just bird poo!' is going to become a catch phrase. Heh, well done.
+I can't stand football and you don't return reads, so I must be backing this because it's excellent and very funny. Will that do? On my shelf. Patrick Barrett (Shakespeares Cuthbert)
+So that's why I had one space left on my shelf. You fill it beautifully Monsieur Lowe. Enjoy I shall and in a way that I haven't since Poonlopian times.
+"It's just bird poo" has now become an awful Ohrwurm that will not leave me rest. I always enjoy the humour and intelligence of your writing and Knights in the Garden of Spayne is no exception. All the best, Andrew.
+Very funny and quaintly British. It is another book that takes me someplace i could never go on my own.I would buy it. Shelved..
+I think we authonomites are honoured to have a genius in our midst, Dai. And you are that genius. Bought and shelved. R
+I've become quite a fan of yours Mr Lowe and this is hilarious and funny just like I expected. On my shelf.
+This is hilarious. Shelved.
+a fantastical compendiumi akshly started from the back, got confused, started again from the middle and then tried the front so i have seen the compositional anarchy and mayhem of it alli shall return to make sense of the footie tale and enjoy more of your bite-sized essays.in the meantime, it's on my shelf
+Dai,Okay you sucked me in, and once again your pitch made me smile.It's the same eccentric and homely style, just for an older audience this time. And a recurring motif of bird poo, not sure what to make of that yet. Memorable certainly.Freedom = football. That proposition might well get some support in a referendum, unless things have changed since I left.Chapter 2b, could I suppose be a potted history of so many villages and towns.And, of course, the significance of the bird poo is becoming clearer. As I should've expected the mad idea of the pub that Mr Snodgrass might hire a hot air balloon for aeriel photography comes up and is seriously discussed...of course that was always going to happen. D'oh.Then you're characters are correcting one and other's grammar (at least more correctly one of the players corrects another).And your anarchistic writing asserts itself when Mr Saville ask the obvious question as calmly as he could in the circumstances.So you've made me smile, and laugh out loud again, and I've no choice but to pop another of your books on my shelf.
+It's not a read, it's more of a visit with one of my favorite folks on here. I've no idea where you're going with this, Dai, but that's just fine with me. ;-)Cheers--Gev
+Pants-wettingly funny - metaphorically speaking, of course. The names alone would rate a shelving. Goodness knows where you're going with this, but it really doesn't matter - I'm along for the journey.
+I'm in hysterics reading this. Ive read 3 chapters and I will have to come back for more in the morning. How can bird poo pull someone in? Sarcasm, humour too, its great stuff. Story line maybe a bit more for the boys, but the humour and play with words can be enjoyed by anyone..I am delighted to be the first to back it..
+This is a division of application Ser. No. 821,224, filed Aug. 2, 1977, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,264.
+This invention relates to the testing of the tip-ring polarity of a telephone receptacle.
+Modern telephone equipment utilizes the so-called "Modular concept," meaning that each wall-mounted receptacle at a subscriber's location is a module capable of accepting the plug of a telephone which can be disconnected from the module and connected to a module in another room. With certain phones (e.g., "Touch Tone" phones), it is important that the final terminals of each receptacle be connected to the central office with the correct tip-ring (i.e., positive-negative) polarity. Both in new installations and in existing installations which are converted to the modular concept, it is possible that one or more receptacles could be miswired in that the final tip-ring terminals of the receptacle could be reversely wired with respect to tip-ring of the central office.
+The general aim of the present invention is to provide new and improved method and apparatus for testing whether the tip-ring polarity of telephone receptacles is correct, the method and apparatus being characterized by its simplicity and being particularly adapted to enable easy testing of non-working receptacles (i.e., receptacles which are connected to a non-working pair of lines extending from the central office and which thus are not connected to the voltage source at the central office).
+Another object of the invention is to provide a comparatively simple and easy to use testing device which carries its own battery to enable the testing of non-working receptacles and which carries an indicating light adapted to be energized by the battery if the receptacle is correctly wired.
+A further object of the invention is to utilize unidirectional conducting means--preferably a diode--in conjunction with the testing device in order to insure that the indicating light will be energized only if the receptacle being tested is correctly wired.
+Still another object is to provide a testing method in which the diode is connected across the non-working pair at the central office so that, when the test is performed, the indicating light will be energized only if there is correct tip-ring continuity throughout the entire circuit from the final terminals of the receptacle to the terminals at the central office.
+An important object of the invention is to incorporate the diode in a unique package which enables the diode to be used in conjunction with a conventional lightning protector module at the central office and which enables the diode to be connected across the non-working pair at the central office when the protector is in an intermediate position disconnecting the pair from the central office voltage source but still providing lightning protection for the pair.
+In a more detailed sense, the invention resides in providing a diode package in the form of a thin wafer which may be quickly and easily connected to and disconnected from a conventional lightning protector module.
+These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
+FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a new and improved tip-ring polarity testing device incorporating the unique features of the present invention;
+FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view showing lightning protector modules plugged into a main frame connector at the central office;
+FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing one of the lightning protector modules and further showing a diode package adapted to be used in conjunction with the module;
+FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section taken substantially along the line 4--4 of FIG. 2;
+FIG. 5 is an enlarged exploded perspective view of the diode package shown in FIG. 3;
+FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 are perspective views showing three different types of diode packages;
+FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a series of telephone receptacles connected to the central office by a non-working pair and schematically showing the testing device and certain ones of the diode packages of the present invention.
+The invention is shown in the drawings in connection with a telephone system of the type in which the subscriber's station is equipped with one or more modular receptacles or jacks 10 (FIG. 9), each jack being capable of releasably accepting the plug of a portable telephone (not shown). Three jacks 10 are illustrated in FIG. 9 and each is shown as including a pair of final terminals in the form of sockets 13 and 14 which are adapted to receive prongs or pins on the plug of the phone. When the jacks are properly wired, the socket terminals 13 and 14 are connected to the positive and negative terminals, respectively, of a battery 15 or other voltage source at the central office 16. In accordance with conventional terminology, the positive terminal 13 is referred to as the tip terminal while the negative terminal 14 is referred to as the ring terminal. Additional socket terminals (not shown) usually are incorporated into each jack but such terminals have no relation to the present invention and thus need not be described.
+As is customary, the jacks 10 are connected in parallel across a station protector 17 (FIG. 9) located at the subscriber's station and connected to the central office 16 by a pair of field tip-ring lines 19 and 20 leading from the station to the central office. In the present instance, the central office is shown as being equipped with a main frame connector 21 (FIG. 2) of the type identified as Model No. C-303 by Cook Electric Company of Morton Grove, Ill. Such a connector includes a panel 23 having a bank of five holes or sockets 24 to 28 for each pair of lines 19 and 20. The sockets 24 and 25 (shown as a pair of horizontally spaced lower sockets in the drawings) are connected electrically to the lines 19 and 20, respectively, and define the central office terminals for those lines (see FIG. 9). The sockets 26 and 27 are located above and are aligned vertically with the sockets 24 and 25, respectively, and are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 15 by central office tip and ring lines 29 and 30. A ground line 31 is connected to the remaining socket 28, the latter being centered between the sockets 26 and 27.
+Associated with each bank of sockets 24 to 28 is a plug-in connector or protector module 32 (FIGS. 2 to 4) which serves to connect the field tip and ring lines 19 and 20 with the central office tip and ring lines 29 and 30 and which also serves as a lightning arrester for the field lines. The particular module which has been illustrated is identified as a Type 3A by Cook Electric Company and comprises a plastic housing 33 having five pins 34 to 38 adapted to plug into the sockets 24 to 28 (see FIG. 9). The pins 34 and 35 are connected electrically to the pins 36 and 37, respectively, and thus serve to connect the field lines 19 and 20 with the central office lines 29 and 30 when the pins are plugged into their respective sockets. Carbon arresters 40 are connected across each of the pins 34 and 35 and the ground pin 38 while metallic shunts 41 with fusable pellets are placed across the ground pin 38 and each of the pins 36 and 37 in order to ground the pins if a power fault occurs and causes the pellets to melt.
+As shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 9, the upper pins 36 and 37 of the protector module 32 are only approximately half as long as the lower pins 34 and 35 and the ground pin 38. As a result, the module 32 may be plugged into the connector 21 in an intermediate or so-called "detent" position (see the central module in FIG. 4) in which the longer pins 34, 35 and 38 make electrical contact with the sockets 24, 25 and 28 while the shorter pins 36 and 37 remain out of electrical contact with the sockets 26 and 27. When the module is in its detent position, the connected pins 34, 35 and 38 coact with the carbon arresters 40 to provide lightning protection for the field lines 19 and 20 but the pins 36 and 37 leave the battery 15 disconnected from the field lines so that the latter constitute a non-working pair. When the module 32 is pushed into its fully plugged-in position as shown by the top module in FIG. 4, the pins 36 and 37 make electrical contact with the sockets 26 and 27 and connect the battery across the field lines to convert the lines to a working pair and to cause the battery voltage to be applied to the jacks 10.
+To hold the protector module 32 in its detent position, circumferentially extending grooves 45 (FIGS. 3 and 4) are formed around the pins 34 and 35 intermediate the ends thereof and are adapted to interlock releasably with detents 46 (FIG. 4) in the sockets 24 and 25. Frequently, the module 32 will be placed and kept in its detent position while the jacks 10, the station protector 17 and other equipment at the subscriber's station are being installed and wired so that the field lines 19 and 20 and the station equipment will be protected against lightning during the installation period but will not be operable. The module then may be pushed into its fully plugged-in position when it is desired to place the subscriber's station into service.
+Certain types of telephones such as "Touch Tone" phones will operate correctly only if the tip-ring terminals 13 and 14 of the jacks 10 are connected to the tip-ring lines 29 and 30, respectively, at the central office 16. Because of human error, however, it is possible that the tip-ring terminals 13 and 14 of a given jack 10 could be reversely wired with respect to the tip-ring lines 29 and 30 at the central office. Such reverse wiring could occur at the jacks themselves, at the station protector 17 or other terminals in the field wiring or at the subscriber's station, or even at the central office itself.
+In accordance with one of its aspects, the present invention contemplates the provision of a unique testing device 50 (FIGS. 1 and 9) having a self-contained battery 51 and capable of enabling the phone installer to easily check whether each of the jacks 10 is wired with the correct tip-ring polarity. Because the battery 51 is incorporated in the testing device 50, the installer may use the testing device to check the tip-ring polarity of a non-working jack 10 without need of placing a battery across the field lines 19 and 20 other than at the jack itself.
+More specifically, the testing device 50 comprises a cylindrical case 53 (FIG. 1) molded of plastic and of sufficient size to enclose the battery 51, the latter herein being a 4.5 volt Eveready No. 333. Extending from one end of the case is a flexible cord 54 whose free end carries a connector or plug 55 having tip and ring terminals 56 and 57 (FIG. 9) which will connect only with the tip and ring sockets 13 and 14 of each jack 10. The tip terminal 56 of the plug 55 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 51 while the ring terminal 57 of the plug is connected to the cathode terminal of a light-emitting diode 60 (LED) whose anode terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The LED 60 is physically located on and is visible from the end of the case 53 opposite the cord 54 as shown in FIG. 1 and is protected by a current-limiting resistor 61 (FIG. 9) connected between the ring terminal 57 of the plug and the cathode of the LED.
+When the plug 55 of the testing device 50 is inserted into one of the jacks 10 with the tip and ring terminals 56 and 57 contacting the tip and ring socket terminals 13 and 14, respectively, of the jack as shown in FIG. 9, the LED 60 will be energized and will light if the tip and ring terminals of the jack are properly wired such that the tip socket 13 is truly positive and the ring socket 14 is truly negative. To enable the LED to light but to light only if the sockets 13 and 14 are correctly wired, it is necessary to place a unidirectional conducting device such as a diode 63 across the sockets 13 and 14 and the series combination of the battery 51 and the LED.
+In carrying out the invention, the diode 63 preferably is connected across the sockets 13 and 14 at the central office 16 itself so that, when the installer checks the tip-ring polarity of the sockets, the presence of a signal from the LED 60 will indicate that the wiring is poled correctly throughout the entire circuit from the sockets to the central office and further will indicate that such circuit is continuous. While the diode may be associated with the central office equipment in various ways depending upon the nature of the equipment, the present invention contemplates incorporating the diode in a package in the form of a simple and relatively inexpensive wafer 65 (FIGS. 3 to 5 and 9) which may be installed on the protector module 32 and which, when installed, serves to protect the module against being inadvertently pushed in from its detent position to its fully plugged-in position.
+As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the wafer 65 includes five spaced holes 74 to 78 which are located so as to align with the pins 34 to 38, respectively, of the module 32. The wafer is molded from a suitable plastic and includes a housing 79 (FIG. 5) formed with a central cavity 80 which communicates at least with the holes 76 and 77. Located within the cavity are two conductors in the form of spring metal strips 81 whose upper end portions intersect and project into the holes 76 and 77 so as to make electrical contact with the pins 36 and 37 when the wafer is slipped onto the module 32. The lower end portions of the strips 81 are shaped in such a manner as to be biased into contact with the terminals of the diode 63, the latter being located within the cavity 80 between the strips.
+The housing 79 is closed by a plastic cap 82 (FIG. 5) adapted to fit in a counter-recess 85 at the upper end of the cavity 80 and adapted to be bonded to the housing by cement or sonic welding. To insure that the cap 82 will be properly positioned relative to the housing 79, the cap is formed with a tab 86 which is sized to fit within a notch 87 in the housing.
+By virtue of the foregoing arrangement, the wafer 65 may be fitted onto the module 32 with the five holes 74 to 78 in the wafer fitting onto the five pins 34 to 38 of the module, with the thickness of the wafer occupying the length of the pins 36 and 37, and with the upper end portions of the strips 81 making electrical contact with those pins. Accordingly, the wafer 65 occupies that space which exists between the connector panel 23 and the module 32 when the latter is in its detent position and serves to prevent the module from being inadvertently pushed in from its detent position to its fully plugged-in position (see the lower module in FIG. 4).
+With the wafer 65 thus installed on the module 32, the spring metal strips 81 contact the pins 36 and 37 and serve to connect the diode 63 across those pins, the pins 34 and 35, the sockets 24 and 25, the field lines 19 and 20 and the socket terminals 13 and 14 of each jack 10. The diode is poled with its cathode connected to the pin 36 and with its anode connected to the pin 37 so that the diode will conduct only from ring to tip. To insure that the diode will be so poled when the wafer is installed on the module, the cover 85 of the wafer is formed with a projection 90 (FIGS. 3 and 5) of circular cross-section and sized to telescope into a hole 91 (FIG. 3) formed in the module and located between the pins 34 and 35. If the wafer 65 should be installed reversely on the module 32 in such a manner as to cause the diode 63 to be reversely poled across the pins 36 and 37, the projection 90 will extend outwardly and will abut the panel 23 of the connector 21 thus providing a positive interference element to prevent the module from being plugged in even to its detent position.
+When the wafer 65 is correctly installed on the module 32 and the latter is in its detent position as shown in FIG. 9 and by the lower module in FIG. 4, the cathode of the diode 63 is connected to the field tip line 19 by way of the pin 36, the pin 34 and the socket 24. Also, the anode of the diode is connected to the field ring line 20 via the pin 37, the pin 35 and the socket 25. The diode thus will conduct current from the ring line 20 to the tip line 19 but will prevent current from flowing reversely between the lines. Accordingly, the LED 60 will be energized and will light when the testing device 50 is plugged into one of the jacks 10 and the tip-ring socket terminals 13 and 14 of that jack are correctly connected to tip-ring at the central office 16. Under such circumstances, current from the positive terminal of the battery 51 flows through the LED 60 to the ring socket terminal 14, thence through the station protector 17 and the field line 20 to the socket 25, the pin 35 and the pin 37, thence through the diode 63 to the pin 36, the pin 34 and the socket 24, and then through the field line 19 and back through the station protector 17 to the tip socket terminal 13 and the negative terminal of the battery 51. But, if either the jack 10, the station protector 17 or the central office 16 is miswired in such a manner that the tip-ring socket terminals 13 and 14 are connected to the ring-tip, respectively, at the central office, the diode 63 will not allow current from the positive terminal of the battery 51 to flow from the line 19 to the line 20 and thus the LED 60 will not be energized. When the LED does not light, the installer is advised that either a miswiring has occurred at some point between the socket terminals 13 and 14 and the central office 16 or that the circuit between the terminals and the central office is not continuous.
+As mentioned previously, the wafer 65 prevents the protector module 32 from inadvertently being pushed into its fully plugged-in position as is shown clearly by the lower module in FIG. 4. After all of the jacks 10 at the station have been tested and when it is desired to place the station in service, the wafer may be removed from the module to permit the latter to be fully plugged in so as to connect the central office battery 15 across the field lines 19 and 20.
+When the central office 16 is not equipped with a protector module 32 of the type shown, the diode 63 may be incorporated in a package other than the wafer 65 and designed to be compatible with the particular central office equipment. For example, a diode 63a (FIG. 6) similar to the diode 63 may be packaged in a plastic box 95 and connected to spring metal prongs 96 projecting from one end of the box. The prongs are spaced from one another so as to fit between the spring contacts of certain central office lightning protectors and, when connected to the protector, serve to place the diode across the tip and ring lines 19 and 20 at the central office.
+In lieu of the diodes 63 and 63a, a diode 63b (FIGS. 7 and 9) may be wired between two alligator clips 97 and 98 adapted to be connected to the tip-ring lines of the system at any accessible point between the jacks 10 and the central office 16. For example, the installer may attach the clips 97, 98 to the tip-ring terminals of the station protector 17 prior to checking the polarity of the jacks with the testing device 50. With the clips so attached and with the diode 63b properly poled, energization of the LED 60 will indicate that a given jack is properly wired with respect to the station protector 17 but will not serve to indicate whether there is correct wiring between the station protector and the central office 16. To assist in connecting the clips 97, 98 with the diode 63b properly poled, the wire lead to the clip 97 for the tip line may be colored green and the wire lead to the clip 98 for the ring line may be colored red, it being understood that this color coding for tip-ring connections is conventional.
+A diode 63c (FIG. 9) also may be packaged in a plastic case 99 having a cord 100 (FIG. 8) and a plug 101 similar to the cord 54 and plug 55 of the testing device 50. When the plug 101 is inserted into one of the jacks 10, the diode 63c is connected across the tip-ring terminals 13 and 14 of the other jacks and thus the polarity of such jacks may be checked with the testing device 50.
+From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the present invention brings to the art new and improved method and apparatus for testing the tip-ring polarity of telephone jacks 10. While the method and apparatus have been illustrated and described in some detail in conjunction with particular embodiments, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to such detail but instead is intended to embrace all alternative embodiments within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
+The Aristocrats Review
+- Ok ... ok, so this guy goes into a talent agent's office and he says to the agent, “Look, I've got this act that you've just got to see ...”
+And so begins the subject of this bizarre quasi-documentary about perhaps the foulest, most subversive and downright offensive joke that stand-up comics from around the world - but mainly North America - have kept under their hats as a sort of professional in-joke, almost a mythological set-up, gross-out and naff punch-line combo that appears to have become legendary around the circuit. Made by Paul Provenza and magician Penn Gillette (the talking half of the excellent Penn and Teller double-act), The Aristocrats - which, incidentally, is the punch-line of the gag - is a whirlwind conglomeration of dozens of comedians embarking on their own observations and thoughts of the same joke, its heritage and its evolution over the years, and, obviously, telling their own versions of it, ad nausea for ninety minutes. But don't expect them to deviate too much from the well worn, and hideously stained, track that gets us to the pantomimic announcement of “The Aritocrats!” at the end of the gag, because the point of the joke literally is to be as nastily outrageous as possible.
+Regular readers of my reviews will know that I usually sprinkle quotes liberally throughout them, but in this particularly crude case, I'm afraid that it is nigh on impossible. For, as tempting as it most certainly is to pepper the write-up with disgustingly obnoxious and wildly excessive foul language describing the even fouler acts that the joke finds it crucial to include, common decency prohibits me. Sorry, but you'll just have to take my word for it that The Aristocrats goes way, way beyond all boundaries of taste, guaranteeing to offend every minority, every religion and every moral standard that the civilised world holds dear. And this, folks, is the entire point. You see, the joke, itself, is simply not funny. No, not funny at all. The punch-line has the bemusing impact of a joke that has fallen flat - picture those tumbleweeds rolling past - but the funny element has been explosively delivered in the minutes, or even hours in one or two celebrated cases, that have gone before the payoff. The joke, itself, must conform to only a couple of rules besides the regular introduction. Firstly, it must be as vile as is it humanly possible to be, therefore the act described for the poor talent scout will tend to contain colossal amounts of incest, paedophilia, bestiality, S&M and necrophilia, plus a stomach-turning level of every form of scatological misuse conceivable. And, secondly, it must obviously end with the line “The Aristocrats!” for its famous let-down finale.
+The roster of comics roped in from stages, bars and even a bubbling spa are huge stars of the stand-up circuit, though many may prove to be complete strangers to those of us on this side of the pond. Some familiar faces appear in the likes of Drew Carey, the insane Gilbert Gottfried, Emo Philips, Steven Wright, Whoopi Goldberg, Paul Reiser (sit-com star and Burke in Aliens), Kevin Pollack and Robin Williams. And from these shores, there is some able support from the likes of Billy Connelly, Eddie Izzard and Eric Idle, whose contributions are very welcome. The Brits, however, are new to the telling of the gag and Izzard, especially, makes a pretty pathetic attempt at his version - though the commentary track does assure us that he can tell the joke properly, and well. Eric Idle admits that he is lousy at remembering jokes at all, and even the one that he does know he manages to get wrong. But the Yanks excel at it, taking toilet-humour (God, that phrase just does not do justice to this uniquely depraved brand of comedy!) to unfeasible new depths. There is a marvellous sense of theatricality to the whole thing that simply beggars belief, the delivery is so imaginative, vivid and engrossing that the gag takes on almost religious fervour. Provenza and Gillette cross-cut between the contributors with alarming speed, at times splicing several together to put the story across through a variety of mouths and styles, sometimes sticking with one comic for a fuller, and more personalised rendition. Only occasionally do we get some background on the history of the joke, such as where and when a comic first heard it and how they adapted it to suit their own fashions and mannerisms, and quite prevalently, the vibe I got from the feature was that I was watching one huge con-trick being perpetrated. This, let me stress, is actually not the case at all, but the approach that the makers and the contributors adopt has the feel of stage-bound mischief, the inside knowledge behind the laughs and the smiles, the inherent glee that is expressed with each shocking new extreme dredged up from the pit of someone's deranged imagination seeming to possess some knowing twinkle in the eye. The competition between one another to come up with a sicker, nastier version seems to have taken over the humour that is held within the joke, forcing each new rendition to push back the boundaries of free speech and free expression even further into totally wince-inducing new territory.
+At the time of writing, this mention of free speech is incredibly relevant with the news dominated by an Islamic backlash against perceived insults against their religion. And, whilst I will draw back from making any overt comparison, I will say that only a fool would fail to see the absurdity of such a radical stand-off as that between one man's devotion and another man's derision. By nature, humour is subversive and aggressive and, as a direct consequence, there will always be collateral damage from a comical fusillade. In other words, there will always be someone who doesn't get the joke.
+Thus, the joke (any, and all jokes, that is), in essence, pushes the envelope of acceptability, breaking down barriers and taboos with a kind of coveted insulation that serves to remove disrespect from the equation. Or, at least, this is what the makers of this documentary and its participants go to great lengths to prove. They put it forward that jokes, such as The Aristocrats, are meant to test and to confound, to poke fun at any, and all events, creeds and societal constraints. That, in comedy, literally everything is fair game, forcing us to confront our deepest truths and fears head-on, in the illusionary bubble of a comic scenario. Yet this same Comedians' Code is revealed as broken in The Aristocrats, when the 9/11 atrocities are brought into play. “Too soon! Too soon!” came the cry from the comic-packed audience at the Friar's Roast Charity gig as Gilbert Gottfried made reference to the attack on the Twin Towers as part of his routine. The politics of comedy is about breaking rules and finding the funny bone in any given situation, but the limits of such liberal expression are difficult borders to sense, and even harder to police. Thus it was that Gottfried managed to escape the lynch mob by resorting to the classic Aristocrats joke, and the performance that he gave to his peers - who all obviously knew the score, but couldn't quite believe that he was actually going to do it - is shown here. Check out Hugh Heffner's perplexed reaction to it all. He's not a comic, so he has no idea what is going on. In a way, this documentary, which can be viewed as either a celebration of escalating obscenity, or as a smart assault on established decorum and hypocritical doctrine, subverts its own policy when real nudity is digitally hidden. Now there's double standards for you.
+Now, I have to say that there is a great deal to enjoy here. The production fizzes with enthusiasm and energy and several of the comics really do this joke incredible justice with utterly jaw-dropping filth-frenzies. Personally, I can appreciate this kind of humour. It is faceless and nameless, existing in the existential limbo of jokeland, so far removed from reality that only a puritan could really find offence. I love the finger-clicking flamenco-finale that Drew Carey does for his rendition, the infectiously dirty laugh from showbiz legend Phyllis Diller when she first hears the joke in its entirety, Billy The Mime's eye-rollingly graphic silent depiction and, best of all, the version as performed by a ventriloquist act. Also, the other names that comics have come up with for the vile act besides The Aristocrats are pretty cool. Try on The Sophisticates or, best of all, The Debonairs. However, I did not like the scenes showing two separate comics telling the joke to their respective babies. This may have been done to prove a point and the makers do discuss their motivations behind this element in their brilliant commentary track. Yeah, I know the kids don't understand a word of it, but this part still wiped the smile from my face, guys. So, quite obviously, I have found my limits - but I doubt I am alone here.
+Fundamentally and unmistakably an American joke, the Aristocrats gag is big, brash and outrageous, it goes on far too long and wallows in its own puerile self-indulgence, yet ... it works. And it works because it fits into a humour-pattern that evolved and was honed in the schoolyard from grinning congregations of limit-pushing kids who would each add a line, a concept or an ingredient to the merry maelstrom of a dirty story, helping to embellish it into legendary proportions. So, while it may be essentially an American style to take it on to the stage and flavour it with vaudeville, method or improve, the underlying desire to tell a shameless gross-out, one-stop-shop, offend-everyone-within-earshot gag is completely universal.
+Not to everybody's taste, obviously. But I still recommend The Aristocrats unreservedly. It's brave, bold and bizarre.
+The Rundown
+5
+SCOREOUT OF10
+Search
+tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-73101186207320811222009-02-20T17:16:36.932-08:00Downtown WhitehallWelcome to the Downtown Whitehall blog. Post your comments here.Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.comBlogger18125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-26442002275098195932008-05-19T12:30:00.000-07:002008-05-19T12:33:53.728-07:00Spring Work Bee<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a><br />Picture from Spring Work Bee in Downtown Whitehall on Friday May 2, 2008.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-83711551950544437642008-05-19T12:23:00.000-07:002008-05-19T12:26:27.470-07:00What's up Whitehall - Art Escape on TapGreat art is a in integral part of many downtowns. The arts lend themselves to historic downtown with their common language of design and aesthetics, and arts activities and events are great drivers of visitors to downtowns. The downtowns of Whitehall and Montague are blessed in this regard with an active artist community. One of the community's signature activities is coming up on May 9 and 10 with Art Escape, so we took a minute to catch up with the chair of the event, Mary Payne, of Payne’s Interior Design Studio.<br /><br />DW: Before we get into the specifics of the event tell us a little how you feel the arts contribute to the sense of place in the White Lake area.<br />MP: Our little secret in this area is that we have an abundance of artistic talent all around us. The entire community embraces and the energy and creativity that is brought from these folks who are involved in not only the artistic creative processes, but music and performing arts as well.<br /><br />DW: What’s on tap with the Art Escape?<br />MP: Art Escape is an event brings together the business community and the cultural community. The downtown shops will be brimming with local and area artists for you to see up close and personal. This event will run from 11 am – 5pm both Friday and Saturday.<br /><br />This “Art Escape” weekend is designed with you in mind. It’s a unique opportunity to getaway and escape to the world of creativity and imagination. Many of the shops will have drawings for special prize pieces of art, pottery and collectibles. Better yet, grab a room at one of the hotels or bed and breakfast and enjoy lunch at a sandwich shop and dinner at one of the areas fine restaurants. <br /><br />DW: What is special about this year's event?<br />MP: This is the biggest year ever. We will have over 30 businesses participating and showcasing artists from all over the state. Also some new businesses and restaurants will be introducing themselves to people in the community who might not otherwise venture downtown if it were not for the artists. There will be music, food and special drawings for prizes. The artists also are bringing a lot of excitement to the downtown areas with their talent and creativity. <br /><br />DW: Well, thanks so much for your contribution to the community with the promotions of the arts. We know it is an important part of our community<br />MP: It is my pleasure to help the business community in any way possible. I believe that the passion and pulse of the community is based and driven by the creativity of those people, business owners and artists alike, who live in and around the area. It is that creativity that drives all of us to make a better place in our little corner of the world for everyone who frequents it.<br /><br />On the Web<br /><br /><a href="">White Lake Chamber Website event listing</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-54466732026000838572008-03-13T08:58:00.000-07:002008-03-13T09:06:14.416-07:00What's Up Downtown Whitehall - Hustle to the HowmetEvents at the Playhouse have been coming fast and furious, and this week takes the cake. Be sure to head down to the theater and catch one of these great events.<br /><br />Wednesday, March 12, 2008 at 7:30 PM<br />The April Verch Band in Concert<br /><a href=""><img style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a> A beguiling blend of folk, jazz, old-time, bluegrass and roots music woven together with precision, intensity, and soul, infusing fiddle playing and stepdancing. Her pure voice mixes with the detailed elegance of her fiddle phrasing ranging. The April Verch Band features world-class musicians Marc Bru on percussion, Lincoln Meyers on guitar, and Cody Walters on upright-electric bass. Don’t miss April’s return to West Michigan.<br />Call 231-894-4048 for tickets or more information<br />Tickets $14.00<br /><br />Thursday, March 13, 2008, 7:00 p.m.<br />Hemingway on Stage: The Stories of Ernest Hemingway<br /><a href=""><img style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a>!<br />For ticket and further information call<br />The White Lake Community Library 231-894-9531<br />Free and open to the public<br /><br />Saturday, March 15, 2008, 7:30 p.m.<br /><a href=""><img style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a> Truth in Jazz Orchestra in Concert<br /.<br />Call 231-894-4048 for tickets and more information<br />Tickets $10.00<br /><br />On the Web<br /><br /><a href="">Howmet Playhouse</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-31441100804761437102008-02-20T09:17:00.000-08:002008-02-20T09:32:47.257-08:00What's up Whitehall - Food FightSince the closing of Scales in 2007, a hot topic downtown Whitehall has been the lack of dining options, though Sam’s Bistro, the Local Pub, and Pekadill’s have been doing their part to keep the town fed and watered. Developments over the winter seem to be pointing to an improved situation for the summer of 2008. <br /><br />On February 5, US-31 BBQ opened at 604 E. Colby as a second location of the original US-31 BBQ located downtown Muskegon. <br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>On opening day, George Buris, founder of US-31 BBQ, was on hand to direct new owner Scott Marecek on the finer points of serving up a BBQ sandwich, US-31 style. Marecek has been pleased with the response since he opened and pointed out that he knew he would get off to a good start with so many potential customers enquiring about when he would finally be open. <br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>The restaurant is open 11 a.m. - 7 p.m. Monday through Friday and 11 a.m. - 8 p.m. Saturday and serves BBQ style sandwiches with a variety of meats including beef, chicken, and pork. <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>While US-31 doesn’t have a liquor license, two other establishments are planning to be open by Memorial Day, both with permission to serve the adult beverages that Whitehall residents and visitors seem to be thirsty for. Mimi Kunz is on track with her plans to re-open Crosswinds Restaurant and to top it off, a newcomer to the White Lake restaurant scene, Emil Rousseau, has plans to open a restaurant called the Harbor View Grille in the old Morat Bakery. All it took was a look over White Lake and the White River watershed to convince Emil, currently the head of the GVSU Food Service in Allendale, that with a little TLC this would be a great location for an establishment featuring fine wines and good food. <br /><br />So hold on to your hats (actually keep them on your heads as the cold continues) and get ready for spring and that fine feeling of strolling downtown Whitehall with a fine dining destination in mind. All of course adding to the shops, playhouse, lodging, marinas and parks already available downtown Whitehall. <br /><br />On the Web <br /><br /><a href="">Harbor View Grille</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-19641570714900085552008-01-24T09:03:00.000-08:002008-01-24T10:27:56.717-08:00What's up Downtown Whitehall - Welcome!<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>In order to keep people informed and up to date on happenings in downtown Whitehall, the Blueprint Implementation Promotions committee is undertaking a monthly email newsletter, like the one you are currently reading. The goal is to keep the community aware of positive happenings downtown Whitehall, as well as of events taking place in the downtown area. If you are aware of a development, or an event, that would be worth highlighting in a story in this space, please let us know and we will arrange a "Q&A" style interview with the newsmaker. <br /><br />For this edition, instead of a newsmaker story, we are making downtown Whitehall stakeholders aware of three educational meetings coming up. The first is a web marketing seminar, customized to help Downtown Whitehall businesses improve their web presences. The seminar will be held Wednesday February 6 at 8:00 a.m. at Whitehall City Hall. If you are intersted in attending please RSVP to Monica Holmes at (231) 724-3171 by February 5. Refreshments will be provided.<br /><br />Second, Tuesday February 26 there will be a Downtown Building Rehabilitation Assistance Open House, also at Whitehall City Hall, from 6:00-7:00 p.m. Representatives from the Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA), along with City Staff and Muskegon Area First will be on hand to educate attendees about available grants for downtown building rehabilitation and design assistance. <br /><br />MHSDA will share information about the Community Block Development Grant (CBDG), that qualifies upper-floor restoration for residential uses along with façade rehabilitation expenditures as eligible for grant funding. Hooker DeJong will share the scope of their downtown design project that they were recently awarded by the city’s Tax Increment Financing Authority (TIFA). <br /><br />City Staff and Muskegon Area First will assist property owners with questions about the TIFA Façade Grant Program. Pizza and Pop will be available for attendees. Please contact Rich Houtteman, at 724.3181 for more information.<br /><br />Finally, as we are in the process of attempting to reach more people with this newsletter please forward this email to friends and encourage them to subscribe by completing the form on the website. <br /><br />Check it out on the web<br /><br /><a href="">Downtown Whitehall website</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-29773988001973616692007-11-26T08:25:00.001-08:002007-11-26T09:49:41.377-08:00Window Decorating Contest<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>The Window Decorating Contest is under way. Interior Design Interns with Baker College of Muskegon are working with local downtown business owners to decorate the windows for the holidays. Stop downtown and check out their progress!<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-75071753888672956052007-09-24T06:51:00.000-07:002007-09-24T08:44:35.928-07:00Howmet Playhouse Fall Schedule<span style="font-family: Arial;">Over 6,500 patrons enjoyed the 2007 summer theatre festival performances, making a </span><span style="font-family: Arial;">strong showing this summer. </span><span style="font-family: Arial;">But t</span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p>he historic Howmet Playhouse continues into the fall with a variety of entertainment options. There was a great turn-out for the Filisco & Noden Live Blues Concert on Friday, September 14; 185 people listened to an eclectic mix of Delta Blues, "old-timey," & Tin Pan Alley musical selections. A first for the playhouse, beer & wine was sold during the concert by the new "White Lake Theatre Arts" organization. All the funds raised after expenses went to support the operations of the playhouse.<br /><br />More events are scheduled through the end of the year:<br /></o:p></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Sunday, September 30, />Steve Gillette & Cindy Mangsen in Concert<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">An exciting return to the playhouse; Quiet Faith </span></i><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></i></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Productions, West Michigan's premier promoter of the best in folk music bring this dynamic duo to White Lake.</span></i><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; color: navy;"> </span></b><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">According to the <span style="">Sing Out Magazine</span> review of Steve and Cindy's latest album, <span style="">Being There</span>, "Steve and Cindy have hit on a combination that consistently produces high quality recordings and entertaining stage shows. Their voices and styles meld seamlessly with a gentleness and a maturity that is unmatched in the world of folk duos." Call </span></i><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Sunday, October />“TWENTY TO </span></b><st1:stockticker><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">LIFE</span></b></st1:stockticker><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">: The Life and Times of John Sinclair”<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">A screening and performance by </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Flint</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> native, music scholar, poet and counter-culture legend John Sinclair. “TWENTY TO </span></i><st1:stockticker><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">LIFE</span></i></st1:stockticker><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">” premiered in </span></i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Italy</span></i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> in September and comes to the Howmet stage as a part of Sinclair’s </span></i><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Midwest</span></i></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> tour. Directed by Steve Gebhardt ( “Ladies and Gentlemen, The Rolling Stones”) with appearances by John Lennon, Yoko Ono, Allen Ginsberg, the MC5 and others, the film chronicles<span style="color: black;"> the real-life story of this legendary poet-provocateur whose exploits have reverberated throughout the international underground for 40 years.</span> Widely recognized as one of </span></i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">America</span></i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">'s leading authorities on blues and modern jazz, after the screening Sinclair will answer questions, then a concert will follow showcasing his poetry with live jazz with the Vincent Hayes Project.<o:p></o:p><br />Call 231-894-4048 for tickets, or go to <a href=""></a><o:p></o:p></span></i><br /><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tickets $10 & $15<o:p></o:p></span><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></i><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Sunday, October 14, />Archiglas Choral Ensemble (Outstanding Voice)<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">The Russian a cappella vocal ensemble “<a href="" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Archiglas</span></a>”, directed by Dmitry Vorobjev, will present a free concert at the playhouse, the group's third performance in </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Whitehall</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><st1:place><st1:placename><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Lebanon</span></i></st1:PlaceName><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><st1:placename><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Lutheran</span></i></st1:PlaceName><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><st1:placetype><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Church</span></i></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">. Call 231-893-5745 for more information. Doors will open at </span></i><st1:time<i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">2:30 p.m.</span></i></st1:time><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Free will offering for the ensemble, no tickets sold.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Friday, October 26, />Michael Smith in Concert<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Called “Powerful and uncompromising… devilishly good” by the </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Boston</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">.="NormalWeb1" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Saturday, October 27, 2007</span></b></st1:date><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p><br />An Evening with Diane Rehm<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">Montague’s Book Nook & Java Shop together with the Arts Council of White Lake are sponsoring a reception and presentation with one of NPR’s most popular radio hosts and interviewers.</span></i><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><i style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;" lang="EN">In 2006, </span></i><em><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; font-style: normal;" lang="EN">The Washingtonian</span></em><i style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;" lang=ahp/Howmet Playhouse Fund.</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Trebuchet MS"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="EN"> </span><i style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">For tickets or more information call The Book Nook & Java Shop, 231-894-5333<o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p class="NormalWeb1" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Tickets:;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Private Reception + priority seating to <i style="">Evening with Diane Rehm</i> $75.00;;"><i style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Evening with Diane Rehm</span></i><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"> only, $35.00<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Saturday, November />Alice Peacock in Concert<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">This </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Chicago</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: A.” For tickets call 231-894-4048.<o:p></o:p></span></i><br /><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tickets $10.00<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Friday and Saturday, November 9 & 10, 2007<o:p></o:p><br />Tellabration – A Tale of Two Cities – Storytelling Festival<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Since 2005 Tellabration has brought the best in professional storytellers to the </span></i><st1:place><st1:placename><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">White</span></i></st1:PlaceName><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><st1:placetype><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Lake</span></i></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> area. This year’s festival will begin on Friday night with a community-wide party next to the Howmet Playhouse and on Saturday feature a series of workshop/demonstrations by some of </span></i><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Midwest</span></i></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">’s best storytellers. The festival will culminate in Saturday matinee (</span></i><st1:time<i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">1:00 p.m.</span></i></st1:time><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">) and evening (</span></i><st1:time<i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">7:30 p.m.</span></i></st1:time><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">) performances on the historic playhouse stage. A wonderful event for young and old, families and friends, this third annual event will feature storytellers, puppeteers, musicians and drum circles. For tickets or more information call The Finch Nest 231-893-5323<o:p></o:p></span></i><br /><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tickets $ 10.00 – 14.00<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Saturday, November 17, 2007</span></b></st1:date><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">, beginning at </span></b><st1:time<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">noon(Tentative, TBA)</span></b></st1:time><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p><br />White </span></b><st1:place><st1:placetype><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Lake</span></b></st1:PlaceType><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></b><st1:placename><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Holiday</span></b></st1:PlaceName></st1:place><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Christmas Walk Movies<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">In conjunction with the Annual White </span></i><st1:place><st1:placetype><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Lake</span></i></st1:PlaceType><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></i><st1:placename><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Christmas</span></i></st1:PlaceName></st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Walk, the Howmet Playhouse will again become a motion picture theatre. Since 1916 the playhouse was used for “flickers” (silent films) and for many years of it’s existence was </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Whitehall</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">’s only movie theater. Still in the planning, a mixture of family films, cartoons & short subjects will be shown throughout the day. Tickets will be available at the door, price to be announced.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Saturday and Sunday, December 1 & 2, 2007, </span></b><st1:time<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">7:30 p.m.</span></b></st1:time><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> & </span></b><st1:time<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">3:00 p.m.(Tentative, TBA)</span></b></st1:time><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p><br />Charles Dickens’ “A Christmas Carol” adapted by </span></b><st1:personname><st1:personname><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tom</span></b></st1:PersonName><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Harryman</span></b></st1:PersonName><b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Charles Dickens’ ghostly story of the covetous old sinner Ebenezer Scrooge and his nocturnal encounter with the true spirit of Christmas - performed by actor and playhouse manager </span></i><st1:personname><st1:personname><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tom</span></i></st1:PersonName><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Harryman</span></i></st1:PersonName><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> will haunt the playhouse for one weekend only. The </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Muskegon</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Chronicle said of his performance, “It is a measure of this professional actor and </span></i><st1:stockticker><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">MCC</span></i></st1:stockticker><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> theater instructors’ talent that he can deliver such a well-known story and make an audience laugh out loud, then quietly cry. Harryman will reprise his solo performance of the timeless holiday classic. Call 231-894-4048 for tickets.<o:p></o:p></span></i><br /><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tickets $14.00 adult, $10.00 students<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span><st1:date<b style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Saturday, December 8, />John Gorka in Concert<o:p></o:p></span></b><br /><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;" </span></i><st1:state><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Ark</span></i></st1:place></st1:State><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"> in </span></i><st1:city><st1:place><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">Ann Arbor</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;">, Gorka’s most recent release is “Writing in the Margins.” "><i style=""><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Play House Managernoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-3656436411506925432007-09-12T12:49:00.000-07:002007-09-13T09:42:29.776-07:00Window Decorating Contest<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a><br />CALLING ALL TIFA DISTRICT BUSINESS OWNERS<br /><br />Join other business within the TIFA district as they decorate their window displays for the 2007 holidays by students from Baker College's School of Design.<br /><br />When: October - December 2007<br /><br />Who: All business within the City of Whitehall TIFA District<br /><br />What: Every business will be assigned to an intern to design their windows over the fall and winter holidays. Items used for decoration will be paid at the expense of the business owner. Each window will be judged by secret shoppers over the course of the holidays. Winners will be announced in local newspaters with a write-up about the contest. A prize will be issued to the winner.<br /><br />Details to be posted soon!<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-47727904439146022162007-09-11T11:05:00.000-07:002007-09-12T12:48:43.812-07:00Labor Day Community Bridge Walk<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>This year 175 people turned out for The Annual Labor Day Community Bridge Walk. The event is set as a part of the statewide Active Michigan Summer initiative organized by the Governor's Council. It is sponsored and hosted by the Chamber of Commerce, City of Montague and City of Whitehall to encourage residents and even visitors to get active and come out to participate in a 'virtual' bridge walk. This is a great way to 'show - off' the beloved bike trail and bridge with community leaders, officials, neighbors and friends. <br /><br /><a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a>Healthy refreshments were served and provided by Farm Bureau at the Chamber. Walkers were encouraged to venture on as far as they please or turn back to the point of origin. The annual walk is a great community event that not only promotes the community, but it also brings attention to the importance of physical activity.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-71175092462102471332007-09-07T11:30:00.001-07:002007-09-07T11:49:39.645-07:00The Tannery tower falls<a href=""><img style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a>On August 21, 2007 the last of the tannery was demolished. The picture on the right shows the tannery just as it begins to fall. The tower was being demolished to make way for condos.<br /><br />For more details on the tannery project or other recent news about Downtown Whitehall:<br /><a href="">Recent News </a><br /><br /><a href=""><img style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href=""><img style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-34240717008002580612007-07-17T10:44:00.001-07:002007-07-17T12:01:17.902-07:00Tannery Groundbreaking<a href=""><img style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a>City officials and developers officially broke ground on Friday the 13, 2007 on the former Whitehall Leather Co. tannery. The ground breaking ceremony included a preview of the upcoming demolition job with a portion of the building being pulled down.<br /><br />For more details check out these recent articles:<br /><a href="">Portion of tannery falls at 'groundbreaking'</a><br /><a href="">Ceremony to celebrate reuse of tannery site</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-18888380696198991292007-07-09T12:12:00.000-07:002007-07-09T12:19:20.734-07:00Riverview Market attracts a crowd<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="httpL//downtownwhitehall.com/photos/riverviewopening.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a><br />Downtown Whitehall's newest attraction, the Riverview Market continues to attract new vendors and customers. Last weekend 22 of the 24 vendor spaces were taken and a large number of customers enjoyed a beautiful day of strolling through the goods for sale overlooking the White River.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-52512174985737933222007-06-19T08:05:00.000-07:002007-06-19T08:31:00.917-07:00Goodrich Park Improvements<a href=""><img style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="" border="0" /></a><br />Wow check out all the improvements happening at Goodrich Park. Currently the city is in the progress of installing a 30 foot by 64 foot pavilion, and a handicap accessible play sturcture has already been added. To learn more about the project check out these recent news articles:<br /><br /><a href="">Work to begin on Goodrich Park</a><br /><a href="">Whitehall invests $160K to upgrade city park <br /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-87383285638444658692007-06-19T08:01:00.000-07:002007-06-19T08:04:23.673-07:00White Lake Area Arts & Crafts Festival<a href=""><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="" border="0" alt="" /></a><br />This past weekend was the 29th Annual White Lake Area Arts & Crafts Festival. Hundreds of people visited Funnell Field for the annual event. More than 150 talented and creative artists participated.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-11817312465156640292007-06-05T13:28:00.001-07:002007-06-05T13:30:31.218-07:00Playhouse set to openBox Office will open for Summer Theater festival ticket sales June 25. Pre-sales available by calling 894-4048, or by stopping by the Whitehall City Hall.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Play House Managernoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-89487403333341663092007-04-18T09:04:00.000-07:002007-04-18T09:27:01.134-07:00Dear Friends, Patrons and Benefactors of the Howmet Playhouse:A lot has happened since we closed the last show of the 2006 season with a very successful run of The Moon Is Blue. The fine arts camp has given the playhouse to the City of Whitehall and the city has been busy, working to see the Playhouse activities continued and even expanded!<br /><br />They have hired Tom Harryman as a year-round manager. Some of you may remember Tom as the director of The Moon Is Blue and his previous activities at the Frauenthal Center in Muskegon. Tom and I have worked together to plan another great summer season at the Playhouse.<br /><br />But we need your help! Housing that was available next door at the Lewis House can no longer be used to house actors. We are also looking for a volunteer crew to help with ushering and a variety of other tasks. We are interested in any suggestions you might have.<br /><br />I was certainly moved by the reaction of the community and the city when the potential of losing the Playhouse programming came to light. The city has established a variety of ways you can support our fundraising efforts:<br /><br />Donate to the City of Whitehall: <a href="order-donationform.pdf">Donation Form (pdf)</a><br />City of Whitehall/Howmet Playhouse Operations<br /><br />Or<br /><br />Donate to the Community Foundation for Muskegon County:<br />The Blomdahl/Howmet Playhouse Fund - Or - The Playhouse Capital Fund<br /><br />When I first came to the area I asked Edna Blomdahl if she would help me compile the initial mailing list for our season. She invited her old friend Harriet Burman over and we sat at Edna’s kitchen table and put together the list. Between them they knew everyone in the White Lake area. The people who were on that list are still many of the Playhouse faithful!<br /><br />I certainly appreciate Blue Lake’s stewardship, but in the long run, this may be the best thing that has happened to our Playhouse. This season’s success will certainly be crucial to our future operations. I hope I can count on your continued support for our activities.<br /><br />If you would like to contact us via email, please write to <a href="mailto:kevinwurz@aol.com">kevinwurz@aol.com</a> or Tom at <a href="mailto:playhousemanager@cityofwhitehall.org">playhousemanager@cityofwhitehall.org</a>, or call Tom, 231-894-4048. We’ll be happy to answer any questions on fundraising or volunteering. We will have a website up and running soon and we hope you will enjoy this great season we have planned.<br /><br />Thanks again for your loyalty through the last 12 years. Open this brochure and you’ll see the great productions we have planned for 2007!<br /><br />Sincerely,<br />Kevin R. Wurz<br />Summer Theatre Director – Howmet Playhouse<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-84352673321485664012007-04-17T08:56:00.000-07:002007-04-17T09:14:50.886-07:00The Howmet Theaters First Concert<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=""><img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer;" src="" alt="" border="0" /></a>The Howmet Playhouse opened its doors for the first time since being aquired by the city of Whitehall. More than 240 people showed up for its first concert.<br /><br />To read more about the concert with "Fonn Mor" please check out the article: <a href=""> Music mix sets tone for great evening with Fonn Mor.</a>>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7310118620732081122.post-50309856969584356732007-04-13T07:49:00.000-07:002007-04-13T08:40:52.166-07:00Spring Construction Starts<img src="" align="right" width="200">Downtown Whitehall will lose some of its clutter this spring as Phase II of a downtown improvements project gets completed, meaning the burying of overhead wires running through the district.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src=''/></div>Dan & Sarahnoreply@blogger.com1
+Babylon. -- The River Euphrates. -- Canals. -- Curious boats. -- Their mode of construction. -- Primitive navigation. -- Return of the boatmen. -- Extent of Babylon. -- Parks, gardens, palaces, etc. -- The walls of Babylon. -- Marvelous accounts. -- The ditches. -- Streets and gates. -- Palace of the king. -- Temple of Belus. -- The bridge. -- Sculptures. -- The hanging gardens. -- Construction of the gardens. -- The platform and terraces. -- Engine for raising water. -- Floral beauties. -- The works of Nitocris. -- Her canals and levees. -- The bridge over the Euphrates. -- The tomb of the queen. -- Cyrus plans an attack upon Babylon. -- Government of Lydia. -- Cyrus returns eastward. -- Revolt of the Lydians. -- Detachment of Mazares. -- Flight of Pactyas. -- Pactyas at Cyme. -- The people consult the oracle. -- Reply of the oracle. -- Aristodicus and the birds' nests. -- Capture of Pactyas. -- Situation of Belshazzar. -- Belshazzar's feeling of security. -- Approach of Cyrus. -- Cyrus draws off the water from the river. -- The city captured.
+In his advance toward the dominions of Croesus in Asia Minor, Cyrus had passed to the northward of the great and celebrated city of Babylon. Babylon was on the Euphrates, toward the southern part of Asia. It was the capital of a large and very fertile region, which extended on both sides of the Euphrates toward the Persian Gulf. The limits of the country, however, which was subject to Babylon, varied very much at different times, as they were extended or contracted by revolutions and wars.
+The River Euphrates was the great source of fertility for the whole region through which it flowed. The country watered by this river was very densely populated, and the inhabitants were industrious and peaceable, cultivating their land, and living quietly and happily on its fruits. The surface was intersected with canals, which the people had made for conveying the water of the river over the land for the purpose of irrigating it. Some of these canals were navigable. There was one great trunk which passed from the Euphrates to the Tigris, supplying many minor canals by the way, that was navigable for vessels of considerable burden.
+The traffic of the country was, however, mainly conducted by means of boats of moderate size, the construction of which seemed to Herodotus very curious and remarkable. The city was enormously large, and required immense supplies of food, which were brought down in these boats from the agricultural country above. The boats were made in the following manner: first a frame was built, of the shape of the intended boat, broad and shallow, and with the stem and stern of the same form. This frame was made of willows, like a basket, and, when finished, was covered with a sheathing of skins. A layer of reeds was then spread over the bottom of the boat to protect the frame, and to distribute evenly the pressure of the cargo. The boat, thus finished, was laden with the produce of the country, and was then floated down the river to Babylon. In this navigation the boatmen were careful to protect the leather sheathing from injury by avoiding all contact with rocks, or even with the gravel of the shores. They kept their craft in the middle of the stream by means of two oars, or, rather, an oar and a paddle, which were worked, the first at the bows, and the second at the stern. The advance of the boat was in some measure accelerated by these boatmen, though their main function was to steer their vessel by keeping it out of eddies and away from projecting points of land, and directing its course to those parts of the stream where the current was swiftest, and where it would consequently be borne forward most rapidly to its destination.
+These boats were generally of very considerable size, and they carried, in addition to their cargo and crew, one or more beasts of burden -- generally asses or mules. These animals were allowed the pleasure, if any pleasure it was to them, of sailing thus idly down the stream, for the sake of having them at hand at the end of the voyage, to carry back again, up the country, the skins, which constituted the most valuable portion of the craft they sailed in. It was found that these skins, if carefully preserved, could be easily transported up the river, and would answer the purpose of a second voyage. Accordingly, when the boats arrived at Babylon, the cargo was sold, the boats were broken up, the skins were folded into packs, and in this form the mules carried them up the river again, the boatmen driving the mules as they walked by their side.
+Babylon was a city of immense extent and magnitude. In fact, the accounts given of the space which it covered have often been considered incredible. These accounts make the space which was included within the walls four or five times as large as London. A great deal of this space was, however, occupied by parks and gardens connected with the royal palaces, and by open squares. Then, besides, the houses occupied by the common people in the ancient cities were of fewer stories in height, and consequently more extended on the ground, than those built in modern times. In fact, it is probable that, in many instances, they were mere ranges of huts and hovels, as is the case, indeed, to a considerable extent, in Oriental cities, at the present day, so that it is not at all impossible that even so large an area as four or five times the size of London may have been included within the fortifications of the city.
+In respect to the walls of the city, very extraordinary and apparently contradictory accounts are given by the various ancient authors who described them. Some make them seventy-five and others two or three hundred feet high. There have been many discussions in respect to the comparative credibility of these several statements, and some ingenious attempts have been made to reconcile them. It is not, however, at all surprising that there should be such a diversity in the dimensions given, for the walling of an ancient city was seldom of the same height in all places.. It is not, perhaps, impossible that, at some particular points -- as, for example, across glens and ravines, or along steep declivities -- the walls of Babylon may have been raised even to the very extraordinary height which Herodotus ascribes to them.
+The walls were made of bricks, and the bricks were formed of clay and earth, which was dug from a trench made outside of the lines. This trench served the purpose of a ditch, to strengthen the fortification when the wall was completed. The water from the river, and from streams flowing toward the river, was admitted to these ditches on every side, and kept them always full.
+The sides of these ditches were lined with bricks too, which were made, like those of the walls, from the earth obtained from the excavations. They used for all this masonry a cement made from a species of bitumen, which was found in great quantities floating down one of the rivers which flowed into the Euphrates, in the neighborhood of Babylon.
+The River Euphrates itself flowed through the city. There was a breast-work or low wall along the banks of it on either side, with openings at the terminations of the streets leading to the water, and flights of steps to go down. These openings were secured by gates of brass, which, when closed, would prevent an enemy from gaining access to the city from the river. The great streets, which terminated thus at the river on one side, extended to the walls of the city on the other, and they were crossed by other streets at right angles to them. In the outer walls of the city, at the extremities of all these streets, were massive gates of brass, with hinges and frames of the same metal. There were a hundred of these gates in all. They were guarded by watch-towers on the walls above. The watch-towers were built on both the inner and outer faces of the wall, and the wall itself was so broad that there was room between these watch-towers for a chariot and four to drive and turn.
+The river, of course, divided the city into two parts. The king's palace was in the center of one of these divisions, within a vast circular inclosure, which contained the palace buildings, together with the spacious courts, and parks, and gardens pertaining to them. In the center of the other division was a corresponding inclosure, which contained the great temple of Belus. Here there was a very lofty tower, divided into eight separate towers, one above another, with a winding staircase to ascend to the summit. In the upper story was a sort of chapel, with a couch, and a table, and other furniture for use in the sacred ceremonies, all of gold. Above this, on the highest platform of all, was a grand observatory, where the Babylonian astrologers made their celestial observations.
+There was a bridge across the river, connecting one section of the city with the other, and it is said that there was a subterranean passage under the river also, which was used as a private communication between two public edifices -- palaces or citadels -- which were situated near the extremities of the bridge. All these constructions were of the most grand and imposing character. In addition to the architectural magnificence of the buildings, the gates and walls were embellished with a great variety of sculptures: images of animals, of every form and in every attitude; and men, single and in groups, models of great sovereigns, and representations of hunting scenes, battle scenes, and great events in the Babylonian history.
+The most remarkable, however, of all the wonders of Babylon -- though perhaps not built till after Cyrus's time -- were what were called the hanging gardens. Although called the hanging gardens, they were not suspended in any manner, as the name might denote, but were supported upon arches and walls. The arches and walls sustained a succession of terraces, rising one above another, with broad flights of steps for ascending to them, and on these terraces the gardens were made. The upper terrace, or platform, was several hundred feet from the ground; so high, that it was necessary to build arches upon arches within, in order to attain the requisite elevation. The lateral thrust of these arches was sustained by a wall twenty-five feet in thickness, which surrounded the garden on all sides, and rose as high as the lowermost tier of arches, upon which would, of course, be concentrated the pressure and weight of all the pile. The whole structure thus formed a sort of artificial hill, square in form, and rising, in a succession of terraces, to a broad and level area upon the top. The extent of this grand square upon the summit was four hundred feet upon each side.
+The surface which served as the foundation for the gardens that adorned these successive terraces and the area above was formed in the following manner: Over the masonry of the arches there was laid a pavement of broad flat stones, sixteen feet long and four feet wide. Over these there was placed a stratum of reeds, laid in bitumen, and above them another flooring of bricks, cemented closely together, so as to be impervious to water. To make the security complete in this respect, the upper surface of this brick flooring was covered with sheets of lead, overlapping each other in such a manner as to convey all the water which might percolate through the mold away to the sides of the garden. The earth and mold were placed upon this surface, thus prepared, and the stratum was so deep as to allow large trees to take root and grow in it. There was an engine constructed in the middle of the upper terrace, by which water could be drawn up from the river, and distributed over every part of the vast pile.
+The gardens, thus completed, were filled to profusion with every species of tree, and plant, and vine, which could produce fruit or flowers to enrich or adorn such a scene. Every country in communication with Babylon was made to contribute something to increase the endless variety of floral beauty which was here literally enthroned. Gardeners of great experience and skill were constantly employed in cultivating the parterres, pruning the fruit-trees and the vines, preserving the walks, and introducing new varieties of vegetation. In a word, the hanging gardens of Babylon became one of the wonders of the world.
+The country in the neighborhood of Babylon, extending from the river on either hand was in general level and low, and subject to inundations. One of the sovereigns of the country, a queen named Nitocris, had formed the grand design of constructing an immense lake, to take off the superfluous water in case of a flood, and thus prevent an overflow. She also opened a great number of lateral and winding channels for the river, wherever the natural disposition of the surface afforded facilities for doing so, and the earth which was taken out in the course of these excavations was employed in raising the banks by artificial terraces, such as are made to confine the Mississippi at New Orleans, and are there called levees.[B] The object of Nitocris in these measures was two-fold. She wished, in the first place, to open all practicable channels for the flow of the water, and then to confine the current within the channels thus made. She also wished to make the navigation of the stream as intricate and complicated as possible, so that, while the natives of the country might easily find their way, in boats, to the capital, a foreign enemy, if he should make the attempt, might be confused and lost. These were the rivers of Babylon on the banks of which the captive Jews sat down and wept when they remembered Zion.
+[Footnote B: From the French word levee, raised.]
+This queen Nitocris seems to have been quite distinguished for her engineering and architectural plans. It was she that built the bridge across the Euphrates, within the city; and as there was a feeling of jealousy and ill will, as usual in such a case, between the two divisions of the town which the river formed, she caused the bridge to be constructed with a movable platform or draw, by means of which the communication might be cut off at pleasure. This draw was generally up at night and down by day.
+Herodotus relates a curious anecdote of this queen, which, if true, evinces in another way the peculiar originality of mind and the ingenuity which characterized all her operations. She caused her tomb to be built, before her death, over one of the principal gates of the city. Upon the facade of this monument was a very conspicuous inscription to this effect: |If any one of the sovereigns, my successors, shall be in extreme want of money, let him open my tomb and take what he may think proper; but let him not resort to this resource unless the urgency is extreme.|
+The tomb remained for some time after the queen's death quite undisturbed. In fact, the people of the city avoided this gate altogether, on account of the dead body deposited above it, and the spot became well-nigh deserted. At length, in process of time, a subsequent sovereign, being in want of money, ventured to open the tomb. He found, however, no money within. The gloomy vault contained nothing but the dead body of the queen, and a label with this inscription: |If your avarice were not as insatiable as it is base, you would not have intruded on the repose of the dead.|
+It was not surprising that Cyrus, having been so successful in his enterprises thus far, should now begin to turn his thoughts toward this great Babylonian empire, and to feel a desire to bring it under his sway. The first thing, however, was to confirm and secure his Lydian conquests. He spent some time, therefore, in organizing and arranging, at Sardis, the affairs of the new government which he was to substitute for that of Croesus there. He designated certain portions of his army to be left for garrisons in the conquered cities. He appointed Persian officers, of course, to command these forces; but, as he wished to conciliate the Lydians, he appointed many of the municipal and civil officers of the country from among them. There would appear to be no danger in doing this, as, by giving the command of the army to Persians, he retained all the real power directly in his own hands.
+One of these civil officers, the most important, in fact, of all, was the grand treasurer. To him Cyrus committed the charge of the stores of gold and silver which came into his possession at Sardis, and of the revenues which were afterward to accrue. Cyrus appointed a Lydian named Pactyas to this trust, hoping by such measures to conciliate the people of the country, and to make them more ready to submit to his sway. Things being thus arranged, Cyrus, taking Croesus with him, set out with the main army to return toward the East.
+As soon as he had left Lydia, Pactyas excited the Lydians to revolt. The name of the commander-in-chief of the military forces which Cyrus had left was Tabalus. Pactyas abandoned the city and retired toward the coast where he contrived to raise a large army, formed partly of Lydians and partly of bodies of foreign troops, which he was enabled to hire by means of the treasures which Cyrus had put under his charge. He then advanced to Sardis, took possession of the town, and shut up Tabalus, with his Persian troops, in the citadel.
+When the tidings of these events came to Cyrus, he was very much incensed, and determined to destroy the city. Croesus, however, interceded very earnestly in its behalf. He recommended that Cyrus, instead of burning Sardis, should send a sufficient force to disarm the population, and that he should then enact such laws and make such arrangements as should turn the minds of the people to habits of luxury and pleasure. |By doing this,| said Croesus, |the people will, in a short time, become so enervated and so effeminate that you will have nothing to fear from them.|
+Cyrus decided on adopting this plan. He dispatched a Median named Mazares, an officer of his army, at the head of a strong force, with orders to go back to Sardis, to deliver Tabalus from his danger, to seize and put to death all the leaders in the Lydian rebellion excepting Pactyas. Pactyas was to be saved alive, and sent a prisoner to Cyrus in Persia.
+Pactyas did not wait for the arrival of Mazares. As soon as he heard of his approach, he abandoned the ground, and fled northwardly to the city of Cyme, and sought refuge there. When Mazares had reached Sardis and re-established the government of Cyrus there, he sent messengers to Cyme, demanding the surrender of the fugitive.
+The people of Cyme were uncertain whether they ought to comply. They said that they must first consult an oracle. There was a very ancient and celebrated oracle near Miletus. They sent messengers to this oracle, demanding to know whether it were according to the will of the gods or not that the fugitive should be surrendered. The answer brought back was, that they might surrender him.
+They were accordingly making arrangements for doing this, when one of the citizens, a very prominent and influential man, named Aristodicus, expressed himself not satisfied with the reply. He did not think it possible, he said, that the oracle could really counsel them to deliver up a helpless fugitive to his enemies. The messengers must have misunderstood or misreported the answer which they had received. He finally persuaded his countrymen to send a second embassy: he himself was placed at the head of it. On their arrival, Aristodicus addressed the oracle as follows:
+|To avoid a cruel death from the Persians, Pactyas, a Lydian, fled to us for refuge. The Persians demanded that we should surrender him. Much as we are afraid of their power, we are still more afraid to deliver up a helpless suppliant for protection without clear and decided directions from you.|
+The embassy received to this demand the same reply as before.
+Still Aristodicus was not satisfied; and, as if by way of bringing home to the oracle somewhat more forcibly a sense of the true character of such an action as it seemed to recommend, he began to make a circuit in the grove which was around the temple in which the oracle resided, and to rob and destroy the nests which the birds had built there, allured, apparently, by the sacred repose and quietude of the scene. This had the desired effect. A solemn voice was heard from the interior of the temple, saying, in a warning tone,
+|Impious man! how dost thou dare to molest those who have placed themselves under my protection?|
+To this Aristodicus replied by asking the oracle how it was that it watched over and guarded those who sought its own protection, while it directed the people of Cyme to abandon and betray suppliants for theirs. To this the oracle answered,
+|I direct them to do it, in order that such impious men may the sooner bring down upon their heads the judgments of heaven for having dared to entertain even the thought of delivering up a helpless fugitive.|
+When this answer was reported to the people of Cyme, they did not dare to give Pactyas up, nor, on the other hand, did they dare to incur the enmity of the Persians by retaining and protecting him. They accordingly sent him secretly away. The emissaries of Mazares, however, followed him. They kept constantly on his track, demanding him successively of every city where the hapless fugitive sought refuge, until, at length, partly by threats and partly by a reward, they induced a certain city to surrender him. Mazares sent him, a prisoner, to Cyrus. Soon after this Mazares himself died, and Harpagus was appointed governor of Lydia in his stead.
+In the mean time, Cyrus went on with his conquests in the heart of Asia, and at length, in the course of a few years, he had completed his arrangements and preparations for the attack on Babylon. He advanced at the head of a large force to the vicinity of the city. The King of Babylon, whose name was Belshazzar, withdrew within the walls, shut the gates, and felt perfectly secure. A simple wall was in those days a very effectual protection against any armed force whatever, if it was only high enough not to be scaled, and thick enough to resist the blows of a battering ram. The artillery of modern times would have speedily made a fatal breach in such structures; but there was nothing but the simple force of man, applied through brazen-headed beams of wood, in those days, and Belshazzar knew well that his walls would bid all such modes of demolition a complete defiance. He stationed his soldiers, therefore, on the walls, and his sentinels in the watch towers, while he himself, and all the nobles of his court, feeling perfectly secure in their impregnable condition, and being abundantly supplied with all the means that the whole empire could furnish, both for sustenance and enjoyment, gave themselves up, in their spacious palaces and gardens, to gayety, festivity, and pleasure., carrying with them vast numbers of ladders. With these they easily scaled the low walls which lined the banks of the river, and Belshazzar was thunderstruck with the announcement made to him in the midst of one of his feasts that the Persians were in complete and full possession of the city.
+I.:
+Except that French is a living language, changing rapidly and with numerous variants, many outside French. I can guarantee you that French parents have just as much trouble understanding their teenagers than American ones... For all the fascination it generates, The Académie Française regulates French about as much as Queen Elizabeth II rules Great Britain.
+If French is no longer the main global language, it's because of the demographic and economic weight of English-speaking countries compared to that of Francophone ones, which in turns mostly goes back to the diverging fortunes of the British and French colonial empires.
+I'm not quite sure if your spelling is genuinely atrocious or if you are just taking the piss?
+The "speak Mandarin" campaign is/was a cultural homogenization campaign to encourage people who spoke dialect in their homes to standardize on mandarin instead of hokkien, teochew, cantonese or what have you. The language promotion effect is to the explicit detriment of other native languages.
+I'm not sure how far the Indian example will help. Sure, India is a successful example of a multi-lingual country, but at a vastly different scale - Kannada, the "smaller" Indian language mentioned, has about 40 million speakers. And the main Indian languages are all old literary languages, with long-standing book and press industries, schools and universities.
+Could it be that Indian languages already have a body of written literature etc, so preserving that is not the same thing as creating from scratch?
+We don't call it afrikanus. We call it Afrikaans. I speak fluent Afrikaans, along with fluent German. Dutch falls somewhere in between these two languages, and I can't understand it. Thus, calling it Dutch would be highly misleading. Perhaps you should stop commenting on things of which you have no understanding.
+Not to mention that non-Mandarin Chinese varieties (Hokkien, Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, etc.) -- the ones that have been actively suppressed by the government as part of the "non-official" Mandarin promotion drive -- have more claim to "indigenous" status in Singapore than Mandarin.
+The surest way to kill a language is to regulate it. The French need look no further than their own society to see why French is no longer the language of science, politics, trade or diplomacy. A language should be a living thing, changing organically with the needs of the times and of its speakers. If not you will just have a pretty relic of the past, preserved in amber.
+No I'm not saying you have to "invest significant amount of time beforehand" [sic]. What I'm wondering is why you feel the need to continuously insult somebody else's culture even though you don't know anything about it? You do not simply comment, you hurl abuse at people that you don't know. If you want to insult others on the internet you have to be prepared for them to point out the inaccuracies in your statements. What - I'm supposed to just sit here and let you misrepresent my country and culture?
+I said it would make more sense for us to leave if we didn't want to live with other South Africans. OBVIOUSLY it would - for instance, if I didn't want to live with French people, I wouldn't go live in France. What I was pointing out was that, since we're still here, your theory of all white South Africans wanting to be separated from the rest of SA, is complete BS.
+"If your dutch ancestors were people of substance and moral fortitude they'd stay put in Europe" - on the one hand I want to point out that my ancestors certainly can't do anything in the FUTURE, and on the other hand I'd like to know if you apply that excellent logic to all other imperialist nations?
+And on a side note, although I'm not entirely sure what my European heritage is, I'd like to point out that not all white South Africans came from the Netherlands. Rather a lot came from France, Germany, Britain, etc. I have a French surname, making it very likely that MY ancestors weren't even Dutch..
+Huh? I honestly don't understand why someone would want to comment on a topic that they don't have any knowledge of. In your case that would be South Africa and Indo-European languages in general. What exactly are you on about? I don't refer to Afrikaans as Dutch, because, well, it isn't. In the same way that you would be incorrect to refer to French or Spanish as Latin.
+"Independence follies"? Are you talking about the Anglo-Boer wars, independence form Britain in the '60s or the end of apartheid?
+No, most white people do not live in the Western Cape - which I'm assuming is what you meant since the Cape Town area is actually quite small. If we wanted to separate ourselves from the rest of SA it would make a lot more sense to just leave, wouldn't it? And yet we stay, indicating that we don't want to be separated.
+Considering I have no idea where (within Europe) my ancestors come from it would be a bit pointless to long back to a "home European country".
+You really are a case study in ignorance Udoit.
+Thoughts and ideas offend people all the time. According to your *logic* people shouldn't be offended by those making sexist / racist / homophobic comments because they are only thoughts or ideas. When you denigrate someone's language, culture and ancestry you are very much insulting them. You knew full well when you made those remarks about MY (as in personal) so-called Dutch ancestry,the "independence follies" of my country, and my DNA that you were insulting me, because you meant it to be insulting. At least have enough self respect and maturity to own up to that. And then when I make a quip about you not getting your tenses right, all of a sudden it's too personal? How old are you?
+As for anonymous online posting, the great thing about it is that it allows for a person's opinions to be judged in their own right; on the flip side of that, there's the fact that it allows cowards to cast aspersions on other people without having to own up to it (as you have done in ALL your posts above).
+So don't now, because you realize what an arse you've been, try to pretend that when you were talking about MY DNA, MY Dutch ancestry and MY "moral fortitude" that you weren't trying to insult me.
+As for all your little comments on how the SA situation is "deteriorating", apparently our state schools are at the very least still better than those of what ever hell-hole you grew up in. At least I know grammar, a little something about linguistics and can form a logical argument, abilities you do not seem to possess.
+Language is politically sensitive in South Africa because of the June 1976 riots. An attempt to impose Afrikaans in black schools was the straw that broke apartheid's back. After democracy in 1994 it seemed to me that the new black elite favoured English because they could all speak it and white support in the struggle against apartheid came from English speaking sources, as well as the universality of English.
+Early on in the new dispensation Afrikaans speakers, having lost control of the army and navy necessary for the support of their language, began to protest against the diminishing use of Afrikaans.
+In response to these protests the new government depoliticised the issue by granting official status to some dozen or so black languages in addition to English and Afrikaans, and continued to conduct its business in English.
+It seems to me that most South African Blacks are quite happy to use English when it suits them and aspire to become fluent in English. Otherwise they will use Zulu or their own home language according to circumstances. This is despite the efforts of the few language activists hoping to make Zulu the one official language.
+All languages came into being purely because they met a need in their own community. No language has ever been created by government funding. Any language will continue to flourish for as long as it meets a need in its community of speakers. When it doesn't meet a need then it will die and no amount of public money will keep it alive.
+As usual ... follow the money.
+The usefulness of speaking Pedi in business in South Africa is practically zero. English is the lingua franca. Afrikaans has followed a similar path. It used to be that if you didn't speak Afrikaans in some Afrikaans dominated companies - Sanlam, Eskom ... you were sidelined. Those days are over.
+Indigenous languages should be fostered in the sense of maintaining a local social cultural tradition and using then to instill a feeling of heritage and belonging.
+More than this, they become divisive and a confusing element of basic education.
+'Ey? Two of the chief reasons for apartheid coming to an end was due SA being increasingly economically sidelined and the fact that the system of apartheid was completely unworkable economically. Economics and history aren't your strong points? Also, what does this have to do with the article? Didn't do well in comprehension tests at school either I suppose?
+In the world today, English is the lingua franca. Just as in the EU where there are so many official languages, English ends up being the language normally used. Save money and just make English the one official language of the EU and South Africa.
+lingua anglica? ;-)
+What Im not allowed to have an opinion on a matter unless I invest significant amount of time beforehand and study it?Sorry life is too short.And you south africans are not so important to warrant an in depth studying.
+As for leaving the africa making more sense for you if the situation were further to deteriorate well I guess it runs in your DNA cut and run.If your dutch ancestors were people of substance and moral fortitude they'd stay put in Europe.Drifters would be drifters no matter how many generations removed.
+Advertisement
+Research ArticleMetabolismNeuroscience Free access | 10.1172/JCI92008
+Shi, Z. Madden, C. Brooks, V. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
+First published June 19, 2017 - More info.
+Obesity increases the risk of hypertension, secondary to activation of the sympathetic nervous system (1, 2). However, the cellular molecular mechanisms in brain that link increases in adiposity with elevations in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) remain unclear. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ArcN) are key contributors (3). However, POMC-induced sympathoexcitation requires simultaneous withdrawal of tonic neuropeptide Y (NPY) inhibition (4, 5). Thus, NPY acts as a critical gatekeeper for the excitatory inputs that drive sympathoexcitation, suggesting that suppressed NPY inhibition must occur in parallel to increased POMC excitation with obesity. Indeed, obesity decreases hypothalamic NPY content (6). However, whether hypothalamic NPY contributes to obesity-induced increases in SNA has not been investigated.
+A major impediment to understanding the role of NPY in obesity-induced sympathoexcitation is that the brain sites and pathways by which NPY reduces SNA have only begun to be explored. In rats, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a major site of action, at which NPY directly inhibits presympathetic neurons that project to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), which drives basal sympathetic tone (4). Nevertheless, the sources of NPY inputs to PVN that elicit sympathoinhibition have not been identified. Indirect evidence implicates an NPY projection from the ArcN. More specifically, injections of leptin or insulin into the ArcN, or nonspecific activation of the ArcN, increase SNA in part via suppression of tonic NPY inhibition of PVN presympathetic neurons (5, 7, 8). However, whether the PVN NPY input that is suppressed by insulin and leptin originates directly from neurons in the ArcN has not been established. In addition to the ArcN, (9), NPY projections from the brainstem (10) and, under some circumstances, the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) (11) are alternative candidates. Moreover, whether other ArcN NPY projections influence the sympathetic nervous system or arterial pressure (AP) has not been investigated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that ArcN NPY neurons decrease SNA via several projections, including the PVN. This information is critical, since derangements in brain NPY expression and activity are known to occur in several states that increase AP, ranging from obesity to anxiety (6, 12). Moreover, NPY agonists and antagonists are being avidly explored as therapeutic agents in these and other conditions (13).
+Selective activation or inhibition of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons decreases and increases SNA, respectively. The recently developed chemogenetic approach, in which designer receptors are exclusively activated by the designer drug (DREADD) clozapine-N-oxide (CNO), has proven powerful in delineating the neurocircuitry by which ArcN NPY neurons stimulate food intake (14, 15). Nearly all ArcN NPY neurons also express agouti-related peptide (AgRP) (16). Therefore, the excitatory DREADD hM3Dq or the inhibitory DREADD hM4Di was selectively expressed in ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons by nanoinjecting a Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying a DREADD and a mCherry reporter into the ArcN of Agrp-IRES-Cre mice (ArcN hM3Dq mice and ArcN hM4Di mice). To confirm the specificity of hM3Dq expression in NPY neurons, we first nanoinjected AAV-hM3Dq-mCherry into mice that expressed both NPY-GFP and Cre in AgRP neurons. In agreement with an earlier study using a different approach (14), we found that while not all NPY-GFP neurons had visible hM3Dq-mCherry labeling, 100% of the hM3Dq-mCherry–marked neurons also expressed NPY-GFP (Supplemental Figure 1; supplemental material available online with this article;). WT mice never expressed the Cre-dependent DREADD. In a second set of experiments, 2 or more weeks after Agrp-IRES-Cre mice received hM3Dq bilaterally in the ArcN, CNO (0.3 mg/kg) or the saline vehicle was administered i.p., and food intake was monitored for the following 4 hours. As shown previously (14), i.p. CNO, but not saline, rapidly evoked food intake in ArcN hM3Dq mice (Supplemental Figure 1). Conversely, activation of inhibitory DREADDs in ArcN hM4Di mice at the beginning of the feeding period (lights out) inhibited food intake (Supplemental Figure 1). Therefore, we anatomically and functionally confirm that this approach selectively targets ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons.
+We next tested whether selective excitation or inhibition of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons alters splanchnic SNA (SSNA), mean AP (MAP), or heart rate (HR) (Figure 1). As shown in representative experiments (Figure 1, A and B) and grouped data (Figure 1C), in ArcN hM3Dq mice, i.p. CNO (0.3 mg/kg) promptly decreased SSNA, MAP, and HR, whereas i.p. saline had no effects. The suppression induced by CNO was sustained for at least 1 hour, and, in mice with longer recordings, up to 4 hours (data not shown). In rats, guinea pigs, and humans, CNO can have nonspecific effects due to its conversion to clozapine (17, 18). However, in WT mice receiving the Cre-dependent hM3Dq vector, neither i.p. saline nor CNO significantly altered these variables, suggesting that CNO was not exerting its effects independently of DREADD activation. A separate group of Agrp-IRES-Cre mice instead received AAV-hM4Di-mCherry in the ArcN (Figure 1, D–F). In these ArcN hM4Di mice, i.p. CNO (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) dose-dependently increased SSNA, MAP, and HR, although the responses developed more slowly than in ArcN hM3Dq mice and the increases in MAP were delayed compared to the increases in SSNA and HR. Again, i.p. saline had no significant effects. From these data we conclude that ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons can suppress SSNA, AP, and HR. Moreover, these data suggest that this neuronal population tonically restrains SNA and AP.
+Selective activation and inhibition of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons decreases and increases SNA, respectively. (A) Representative experiment showing that i.p. injection of saline (at thin arrow) has no effect on raw SSNA, HR, and MAP in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse. Expanded raw nerve tracings, before and after injection, are indicated in this and all subsequent figures by filled and open arrows, respectively. (B) Representative experiment showing that i.p. injection of CNO (at thin arrow) in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse immediately decreases raw SSNA, HR, and MAP. (C) Grouped data showing that i.p. CNO, but not saline, decreases SSNA, HR, and MAP in ArcN hM3Dq mice. Neither saline nor CNO had effects in WT mice that received hM3Dq. Baseline values in WT mice (n = 13) were 88 ± 3 mmHg and 469 ± 13 bpm and in Agrp-IRES-Cre (n = 12) were 91 ± 3 mmHg and 460 ± 16 bpm. (D). Representative experiment showing that i.p. injection of saline (at thin arrow) has no effect on raw SSNA, HR, and MAP in an ArcN hM4Di mouse. (E) Representative experiment showing that i.p. injection of CNO (at thin arrow) in an ArcN hM4Di mouse increases raw SSNA, HR, and MAP. (F). Grouped data showing that i.p. CNO, but not saline, dose-dependently increases SSNA, HR, and MAP in ArcN hM4Di mice. Baseline values were 78 ± 3 mmHg and 466 ± 14 bpm (n = 11). *P < 0.05, compared with time 0.
+RVLM-projecting neurons in the PVN and the DMH receive ArcN NPY/AgRP inputs, whereas in the LH, NPY/AgRP fibers only occasionally appose RVLM-projecting cell bodies. We next sought to delineate the projection targets of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons that mediate sympathoinhibition when these neurons are stimulated by excitatory DREADD activation in ArcN hM3Dq mice. ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons innervate many hypothalamic sites that influence SNA and AP, most extensively the PVN, the DMH, and the lateral hypothalamus/perifornical nucleus (LH) (9, 16, 19). However, whether RVLM-projecting neurons reside in these hypothalamic nuclei in mice or whether these neurons are innervated by ArcN NPY/AgRP terminal fields is unknown. Therefore, we identified presympathetic neurons by injecting the retrogradely transported indicator cholera toxin B (CtB) into the RVLM (Supplemental Figure 2). We then determined, using confocal microscopy, whether PVN, DMH, or LH CtB-labeled neurons are closely associated with ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal terminals, identified using a Cre-dependent synaptically targeted mCherry AAV injected bilaterally into the ArcN of Agrp-IRES-Cre mice. We observed numerous PVN neurons that project to the RVLM (Figure 2). In addition, a substantial fraction of these neurons exhibited adjacent ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers (Figure 2; 36% ± 4% of CtB-labeled neurons received a close apposition from ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers; n = 3. Several scattered CtB-labeled neurons were also observed in the DMH and LH (Figure 2). In the DMH, 31% ± 10% of the CtB-labeled neurons were closely associated with ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers. In contrast, in the LH, ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers only occasionally apposed CtB-positive cell bodies (Figure 2, 6 ± 3 cells; 14% ± 8%). Other brain sites that exhibited several CtB-positive (RVLM-projecting) neurons and mCherry ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers were the preoptic area (POA), the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), and the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) (Supplemental Figure 3). Therefore, we conclude that in mice, the PVN, DMH, LH, POA, vlPAG, and LPB contain presympathetic neurons that project to the RVLM. Moreover, of the major projection targets of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons (PVN, DMH, LH), both the PVN and DMH house a substantial number of RVLM-projecting cells that receive inputs from ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. Nevertheless, given that peptides like NPY can signal via longer-range volume transmission (20, 21), it remains possible that ArcN NPY inputs can also influence the activity of other RVLM-projecting neurons, even those that lack a close apposition.
+Neurons in the PVN, DMH, and LH that project to the RVLM appear to receive inputs from ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. CtB-immunoreactive neurons (green) and Ds-red–immunoreactive fibers and terminals in the PVN (A; 52 ± 11 CtB cells, n = 3), DMH (B; 41 ± 18 CtB cells, n = 3), and LH (C; 54 ± 26 CtB cells, n = 3) following injection of CtB in the RVLM (injection sites illustrated in Supplemental Figure 2) and synaptically directed Cre-dependent mCherry expression in ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. Scale bars: 100 μm. (D) Confocal image of a single plane (192 μm2) illustrating that several PVN neurons that are retrogradely labeled by CtB (green) receive close appositions from ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers and terminals (red). (E and F) Confocal images of single planes (each 112 μm2) illustrating that several scattered CtB-labeled neurons were also observed in the DMH (E) and the LH (F). In the DMH, some of RVLM-projecting neurons also received ArcN NPY/AgRP appositions; however, in the LH these appositions were rare. These images are representative of the results from the 3 mice in which CtB injections encompassed the RVLM. 3V, third ventricle; f, fornix; mt, mamillothalamic tract.
+NPY suppresses SNA, MAP, and HR in the PVN and DMH, but not the LH. Since it is currently unknown in mice whether NPY inhibits SNA by binding to receptors in the PVN, DMH, or LH, we next tested the effects of bilateral nanoinjections (30 nl) of artificial CSF (aCSF) vehicle or NPY at a dose that decreases SNA in rats (4). In rats, PVN NPY–induced sympathoinhibition is transduced via NPY Y1 receptors (NPY1R) and, to a lesser extent, NPY Y5 receptors (NPY5R) (4). However, it appears that NPY5R receptors are not expressed in the mouse PVN (22, 23). Therefore, we also tested the actions of the highly selective NPY1R antagonist BIBO3304 at a dose higher than that used in rats (4) but lower than the dose used to block feeding via PVN injection in mice (24). In the PVN (Figure 3), NPY decreased SSNA and MAP, without significantly altering HR, whereas BIBO3304 increased SSNA, MAP, and HR. These variables were unaffected by PVN aCSF injections. In the DMH (Figure 3), NPY decreased SSNA, MAP, and HR, and BIBO3304 increased SSNA, MAP, and HR. However, compared with the PVN, the increases in MAP and HR elicited by blockade of DMH NPY1R were nearly twice as great (P < 0.05), and the increase in SSNA tended to be larger (P = 0.08). Importantly, injections just outside of the PVN or DMH failed to significantly alter SSNA, MAP, or HR (Supplemental Figure 4), indicating that these responses were selective to these hypothalamic sites. In contrast to the DMH and PVN, while increases and decreases in SSNA were observed, overall neither NPY nor BIBO3304 significantly changed SSNA, HR, and MAP when injected into the LH (Supplemental Figure 5). Thus, as in rats (4), NPY inhibits SNA via an action in the PVN in mice. We further identify the DMH as an additional site of action. Finally, these data indicate that NPY released in the PVN and DMH could mediate the decreases in SNA evoked by hM3Dq stimulation of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons.
+Bilateral nanoinjections of NPY or BIBO3304 into the PVN and DMH of WT mice decrease and increase SSNA, HR, and MAP, respectively. (A and E). Representative experiments showing that injections (at thin arrow) of NPY into the PVN or DMH decrease raw SSNA, HR, and MAP. (B and F) Representative experiments showing that injections (at thin arrow) of BIBO3304 into the PVN or DMH increase raw SSNA, HR and MAP. (C) Grouped data showing that PVN NPY or BIBO3304 decreases or increases SSNA, HR, and MAP, respectively; PVN injections of aCSF had no effects. Baseline values were 88 ± 3 mmHg and 443 ± 15 bpm (n = 19). (G) Grouped data showing that DMH injections of NPY or BIBO3304 decrease or increase SSNA, HR, and MAP, respectively; DMH injections of aCSF had no effects. Baseline values were 86 ± 2 mmHg and 450 ± 12 bpm (n = 20). (D and H) Histological maps (based on ref. 80), and representative sections illustrating PVN and DMH injection sites. *P < 0.05, compared with time 0.
+The PVN and DMH are targets of ArcN NPY/AgRP sympathoinhibitory neurons. To test the involvement of these nuclei, we first nanoinjected BIBO3304 bilaterally into the PVN or DMH of ArcN hM3Dq mice, ~30–45 minutes after i.p. CNO injection (i.e., when responses were stable). Our rationale was the following: if PVN or DMH NPY1R is a major component of the inhibition evoked by ArcN AgRP/NPY neuronal hM3Dq activation, then BIBO3304 should not only reverse the decreases in SSNA, MAP, and HR elicited by CNO, but also elevate these variables to the same levels achieved following PVN or DMH BIBO3304 treatment in i.p. saline-injected animals (i.e., block both tonic basal NPY release and CNO-triggered release). In ArcN hM3Dq mice that received i.p. saline, PVN BIBO3304 increased SSNA, MAP, and HR (Figure 4) to levels similar to those observed in WT mice (Figure 3), indicating that ArcN AAV injections did not alter tonic NPY inhibition of PVN presympathetic neurons. As in Figure 1, i.p. injection of CNO in ArcN hM3Dq mice again decreased SSNA, MAP, and HR, and these responses were sustained in mice that received PVN aCSF (Figure 4). However, while subsequent PVN BIBO3304 significantly increased SSNA, MAP, and HR, the levels remained lower than those achieved in mice injected first with i.p. saline and then with PVN BIBO3304 (Figure 4). A potential concern is that after CNO pretreatment, nonspecific effects of CNO prevented BIBO3304 from increasing SSNA, MAP, and HR to the same extent as BIBO3304 administered after saline pretreatment. However, in WT mice that received the Cre-dependent hM3Dq vector in the ArcN, i.p. CNO had no effects (ΔSSNA: 1% ± 6%; ΔMAP: –3 ± 1 mmHg; HR: 2 ± 13 bpm; n = 4), and subsequent PVN injections of BIBO3304 increased these variables to the same extent as in untreated WT mice (ΔSSNA: to 33% ± 3% control; ΔMAP: 9 ± 2 mmHg; ΔHR: 66 ± 17 bpm). In the DMH, however, bilateral BIBO3304 not only reversed the decreases in SSNA, MAP, and HR evoked by CNO in ArcN hM3Dq mice, but also elevated these variables to values that were not different from those observed in mice given i.p. saline followed by DMH BIBO3304. Therefore, we conclude that NPY1R activation in the DMH is a major contributor to the decreases in SSNA, MAP, and HR following selective activation of ArcN NPY neurons.
+Bilateral nanoinjection of BIBO3304 into the DMH, but not the PVN, reverses the effects of select activation of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. (A) Representative experiment in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse showing that PVN BIBO3304 increases SSNA after i.p. CNO. (B and C) Grouped data illustrate the time course of changes in SSNA, HR, and MAP (B), and the results of 2-way ANOVA (C) show that i.p. CNO, but not i.p. saline, significantly decreases SSNA, HR, and MAP. Subsequent PVN BIBO3304 increased these variables in both groups; however, SSNA, HR, and MAP in mice given i.p. CNO remained below values obtained in mice given i.p. saline. On the other hand, the responses to i.p. CNO remained stable after PVN aCSF injections. Baseline values were 89 ± 3 mmHg and 486 ± 12 bpm (n = 15). (D) Histological maps illustrating PVN injection sites. (E) Representative experiment showing that DMH BIBO3304 increases SSNA after i.p. CNO in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse. (F and G) Grouped data illustrate the time course of changes in SSNA, HR, and MAP (F), and the results of 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA (G) show that i.p. CNO, but not i.p. saline, significantly decreased SSNA, HR, and MAP; subsequent DMH BIBO3304 significantly increased these variables to the same levels in both groups. On the other hand, the responses to i.p. CNO remained stable after DMH aCSF injections. Baseline values were 88 ± 3 mmHg and 456 ± 14 bpm (n = 13). (H) Histological maps illustrating DMH injection sites. *P < 0.05, compared with time 0; †P < 0.05 compared with previous value within group; ‡P < 0.05 between groups receiving i.p. saline versus i.p. CNO and PVN/DMH BIBO3304; #P < 0.05 between groups receiving i.p. CNO and PVN/DMH aCSF versus i.p. CNO and PVN/DMH BIBO3304.
+Our anatomical studies revealed that numerous caudal PVN neurons that target the RVLM appear heavily innervated by ArcN NPY/AgRP terminals (Figure 2). Moreover, PVN neurons are known to project directly to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord (25). Therefore, given the profound sympathoinhibitory effects of NPY in the PVN in both mice (Figure 3) and rats (4, 7, 26), we next considered potential explanations for the failure of PVN BIBO3304 administered after i.p. CNO to achieve SSNA levels similar to those elicited by PVN BIBO3304 after i.p. saline. First, we tested whether our BIBO3304 dose both reverses the effects of exogenous NPY in PVN and elevates SSNA, MAP, and HR above basal levels by reversing the actions of tonic endogenous NPY sympathoinhibition. This result was obtained (Supplemental Figure 6), indicating that the BIBO3304 dose is sufficient to produce the expected effects if the PVN is a major target of ArcN NPY projections. ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons also release AgRP and GABA; therefore, we next tested whether bilateral nanoinjections of AgRP and muscimol (GABAA receptor agonist) would mimic (or simulate)the actions of these released neurotransmitters after ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal activation. We chose a dose of AgRP that is sufficient to stimulate food intake in mice when administered into the cerebroventricles (27, 28). However, when locally injected into the PVN, AgRP had no effects on SSNA, MAP, or HR, despite triggering a significant decrease in body temperature (Supplemental Figure 7). The dose of muscimol potently reverses increases in SNA when nanoinjected into the PVN of rats (5, 29) and is sufficient to inhibit behavior when nanoinjected in the mouse forebrain (30, 31). Likewise, PVN muscimol did not reduce SSNA or HR, but did decrease MAP (Supplemental Figure 8). Because hypothalamic nanoinjections of muscimol coupled with sympathetic nerve recordings have not been conducted previously in mice, for comparison, we also injected muscimol into the DMH, after which the agonist slightly decreased HR and MAP, but not SSNA (Supplemental Figure 8). Conversely, blockade of PVN or DMH GABAA receptors with gabazine elicited robust increases in SSNA, HR, and MAP (Supplemental Figure 9). Interestingly, gabazine had opposite effects on body temperature in the PVN and DMH, as expected from experiments in rats (32, 33), which also confirms the site selectivity of the injections. Collectively these data suggest that neither AgRP nor GABA in PVN are involved in the suppression of SSNA or HR following ArcN AgRP/NPY neuronal activation, likely because of the substantial GABAergic tone already present. However, PVN GABA may contribute to the decreases in MAP.
+DREADDs can be expressed in the terminal fields of targeted hypothalamic nuclei (15); therefore, we next tested whether local nanoinjection of CNO into the PVN (or DMH) decreases SSNA in ArcN hM3Dq mice. We chose a dose of CNO (30 nl of 10 μM/l) that, when injected into the PVN of mice coexpressing ChR2 and hM4Di in ArcN AgRP neurons, maximally inhibited optogenetically evoked feeding (15). We found that PVN CNO (30 nl) promptly decreased SSNA, MAP, and HR, and interestingly these decreases were similar to those following nanoinjection of the same dose of CNO into the DMH (Figure 5). Importantly, injection into sites that missed the PVN (or DMH) and injections of aCSF were ineffective (Figure 5). Moreover, in contrast to the inability of PVN BIBO3304 to reverse the sympathoinhibition evoked by i.p. CNO (Figure 4, B and C), local BIBO3304 fully reversed the effects of CNO injections into the PVN and DMH (Figure 5, E–H), with peak SSNA increases (PVN: 32% ± 6%; DMH 55% ± 13%) similar to those following PVN BIBO3304 in WT mice (Figure 3, C and G) or in ArcN hM3Dq mice that received i.p. saline instead of CNO (Figure 4, C and G). Therefore, we conclude that ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons can also suppress SSNA via an action in the PVN, as well as in the DMH.
+Bilateral nanoinjection of CNO into the PVN or DMH of ArcN hM3Dq mice decreases SSNA, HR, and MAP, and these responses are reversed by subsequent PVN or DMH injections of BIBO3304. (A) Representative experiment showing that PVN CNO decreases SSNA in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse. (B) Representative experiment showing that DMH CNO decreases SSNA in an ArcN hM3Dq mouse. (C) Histological sections illustrating hM3Dq mCherry-labeled fibers from ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons and fluorescent injected beads in the PVN (left) and DMH (middle). The right panel shows an injection that missed the DMH. White arrows point to injection sites. Scale bars: 200 μm. (D) Group data showing that PVN or DMH CNO similarly decreases SSNA, HR, and MAP, but CNO injections that miss these targets or aCSF injections do not. Red symbols, DMH injections; blue symbols, PVN injections; black triangles, missed injections. Analyzed using 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA. (E) Representative experiment showing that PVN CNO decreases SSNA in a mouse harboring h3MDq in NPY/AgRP fibers, and this is reversed by PVN BIBO3304. (F) Grouped data showing that PVN BIBO3304 reverses the effects of PVN CNO. (G) Representative experiment showing that DMH CNO decreases SSNA in a mouse harboring h3MDq in NPY/AgRP fibers, and this is reversed by DMH BIBO3304. (H) Grouped data showing that DMH BIBO3304 reverses the effects of DMH CNO. In F and H, arrows indicate the times at which CNO, and then BIBO3304, were injected. Data in F and H were analyzed using 1-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Baseline values were 82 ± 3 mmHg and 492 ± 13 bpm (single PVN or DMH nanoinjections; n = 25), 81 ± 3 mmHg and 461 ± 21 bpm (PVN CNO, followed by PVN BIBO3304; n = 7), and 85 ± 3 mmHg and 452 ± 24 bpm (DMH CNO followed by DMH BIBO3304; n = 5). (I) Histological maps illustrating PVN and DMH injection sites (based on ref. 80). *P < 0.05, compared with time 0.
+Why, then, were PVN BIBO3304 injections after i.p. CNO not as effective as DMH BIBO3304 in reversing the sympathoinhibition elicited by hM3Dq-evoked plus endogenous tonic release of NPY? We hypothesized that in the PVN, the excitatory drive that increases SSNA after disinhibition with BIBO3304 is also inhibited by ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. In support of this hypothesis, our anatomical studies revealed that ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal fibers innervate regions that project to the PVN (34) and are also known to influence SNA: DMH, POA, PAG, and LPB (Figure 2 and Supplemental Figure 3). In support of such a role for the DMH, we found that the increase in SNA following PVN BIBO3304 was substantially reversed by DMH muscimol (Figure 6).
+Inhibition of the DMH reverses the increases in SSNA, HR, and MAP induced by bilateral nanoinjections of BIBO3304 into the PVN. (A) Representative experiment showing that bilateral nanoinjections of muscimol into the DMH reverse the sympathoexcitatory effects of PVN BIBO3304. (B) Grouped data showing that PVN BIBO3304 increases SSNA, HR, and MAP, and bilateral DMH muscimol injections reverse these effects (n = 4). However, muscimol injections outside the DMH do not. (C) Histological maps illustrating PVN and DMH injection site (based on ref. 80). Baseline values were 83 ± 3 mmHg and 499 ± 16 bpm (n = 13). *P < 0.05, compared with time 0; †P < 0.05 compared with value just before injection of muscimol.
+It is well established that activation of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons can trigger positive energy balance, largely by stimulating food intake, but also by reducing energy expenditure (6, 14, 15, 35, 36). In contrast, the role of this neuronal population in the control of SNA had been largely unexplored, despite recent evidence that NPY acts in the PVN to inhibit SNA (4, 5, 26) and that NPY/AgRP neurons project to the PVN (9, 16, 19). Here, via DREADD methodology, we demonstrate that ArcN AgRP/NPY neurons tonically suppress SNA, MAP, and HR. Moreover, using several approaches, we identified major projection targets — the PVN and DMH — through which ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons decrease SSNA. First, we demonstrated that presympathetic neurons that project to the RVLM are housed in the PVN, DMH, and LH of the mouse. RVLM-projecting neurons in both the PVN and DMH exhibited close associations with ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers, thereby providing an anatomical substrate for ArcN NPY–induced sympathoinhibition in these hypothalamic sites. Second, NPY decreased, and BIBO3304 increased, SSNA, MAP, and HR when injected into the PVN and DMH, but not the LH. We further demonstrated that the decreases in SSNA, MAP, and HR elicited by ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal activation could be reversed by local blockade of DMH NPY1R. Finally, select activation of the terminal fields of ArcN NPY neurons in the PVN and DMH elicited prompt decreases in SSNA. Collectively, our studies identify ArcN NPY neurons as potent inhibitors of SNA, via projections to the PVN and DMH.
+ArcN NPY neurons also release GABA and AgRP (37, 38); therefore, chemogenetic activation of this population could potentially inhibit SNA via increased GABAergic or AgRP suppression of presympathetic neurons. However, nanoinjection of the GABA agonist muscimol into the PVN or DMH had minimal effects on SSNA or HR and only slightly decreased MAP. This result is not surprising given our finding in mice, as in rats (e.g. ref. 5), of pronounced tonic GABAergic inhibition of PVN and DMH presympathetic neurons, revealed by the dramatic increases in SSNA, MAP, and HR elicited by blockade of GABAA receptors in these regions. Thus, this high level of tonic inhibition would minimize the impact of further release of GABA. On the other hand, nanoinjections of NPY into the PVN (or DMH) are capable of eliciting significant decreases in SNA, MAP, and HR, because NPY inhibits a G protein–activated inwardly rectifying K (GIRK) current (39–41), which can hyperpolarize to a greater extent than GABAA receptors, which open Cl channels. While the limited inhibition by GABA was expected, the effect of PVN AgRP on SNA in rats is controversial (8, 42). Here, we show that doses of PVN AgRP that exceed those required to elicit food intake and sufficient to decrease body temperature failed to decrease SSNA, AP, or HR. Moreover, PVN BIBO3304 completely reversed the effects of CNO nanoinjections into the PVN, also suggesting that the effects of CNO-evoked release of GABA and AgRP are minimal. Interestingly, these results contrast sharply with the significant role documented for GABA and AgRP released from ArcN neurons in eliciting food intake (24, 43). Finally, it is noteworthy that blockade of DMH NPY1R completely reversed the effects of DREADD activation of ArcN NPY neurons, suggesting that NPY is the main mediator in this nucleus. Therefore, we conclude that the sympathoinhibition induced by stimulation of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons is mediated largely by NPY. Nevertheless, decreases in the release of GABA could contribute to the increases in SSNA, MAP, or HR that occur following DREADD inhibition of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons, although the rather large increases in SNA induced by blockade of NPY1R alone in the PVN or DMH suggest that tonic inhibition of PVN and DMH by NPY is nearly as efficacious as GABA, identifying ArcN NPY as a major inhibitory influence on SNA and AP.
+Based on anatomical evidence that PVN presympathetic neurons are richly innervated by ArcN NPY fibers in mice (Figure 2) and rats (4), the strong sympathoinhibitory effects of NPY in the PVN in mice (Figure 3) and rats (4), and indirect evidence in rats that ArcN NPY neurons inhibit SNA via a synapse in the PVN (5, 7, 8), we were surprised that blockade of PVN NPY1R only weakly reversed the effects of select ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal activation. In sharp contrast, blockade of DMH NPY1R completely reversed these effects. One explanation is that the ArcN-to-DMH pathway is more potent. However, the finding that the actions of PVN and DMH CNO equivalently decreased SSNA, MAP, and HR argues against this possibility. Alternatively, the excitatory inputs into PVN that drive increased SNA following PVN BIBO3304 treatment are also inhibited by ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons. In other words, hM3Dq activation of ArcN NPY/AgRP neurons inhibits both PVN neurons and excitatory inputs to PVN neurons. After release of this inhibition via PVN BIBO3304 nanoinjections, an excitatory input into PVN that normally contributes to the increases in SNA remains inhibited, and SNA cannot increase above baseline. In support of this hypothesis, we found that AgRP/NPY fibers innervate the DMH, which projects heavily to the PVN (44–47). Moreover, nonselective inhibition of the DMH after PVN BIBO3304 treatment returned the elevations in SSNA, MAP, and HR toward baseline. Thus, these data identify the DMH as one source of excitatory drive following disinhibition of PVN presympathetic neurons. On the other hand, when NPY inhibition of DMH presympathetic neurons was reversed with BIBO3304, the excitatory input that increased SNA (perhaps from the PAG; ref. 48) appeared to remain undisturbed, and SNA rose above baseline. Additionally, the DMH receives a sizable brainstem NPY (catecholaminergic) projection (49, 50), which could contribute to basal NPY tone and be disinhibited by DMH BIBO3304. This is in contrast to brainstem NPY inputs to the PVN, which may be rare in the mouse (51).
+To our knowledge, these data are the first in any species to identify an ArcN-to-DMH NPY projection that is capable of inhibiting cardiovascularly relevant SNA. Consequently, the downstream neurocircuitry by which NPY inputs to the DMH are able to influence SNA and AP is unknown. Previous studies have documented that the DMH is an important node in sympathoexcitatory responses, in particular following psychological stress (for reviews, see refs. 48, 52, 53). A key component of this stress-induced descending pathway includes the RVLM (33, 54, 55). However, retrograde tracer studies in rats largely conclude that DMH neurons projecting directly to the RVLM are uncommon (44, 45, 56). In the mouse DMH, we observed a significant number of RVLM-projecting neurons; however, the number was far smaller than when the CtB injections encompassed the raphe pallidus (Supplemental Figure 10), a well-described projection target in both rats and mice (11, 47). Moreover, only a modest number of DMH neurons that were retrogradely labeled from the RVLM were closely associated with ArcN NPY neurons traced with a synaptophysin mCherry label (Figure 2), although we cannot discount the possible inhibitory influence of NPY on DMH-to-RVLM neurons via volume transmission (20, 21). Thus, while NPY may influence a DMH-to-RVLM cohort, a relay intermediate between the DMH and RVLM may also be involved. Prior neuroanatomical studies in the rat (44–46) and mouse (47) reveal that the DMH heavily innervates many preautonomic regions, particularly in the forebrain. A very dense projection is to the caudal parvocellular PVN, a hypothalamic subnucleus that projects to the RVLM and the spinal cord (44–47). The median POA, the perifornical area, and the PAG are also major projection targets (45, 47). Future studies are required to specifically delineate the neuropathways involved.
+The present results reveal that ArcN NPY neurons tonically suppress SNA and AP, likely in part via a projection to PVN neurons that target the RVLM, the source of tonic sympathetic tone (Figure 7). We also identify a parallel sympathoinhibitory ArcN NPY input to the DMH, although the downstream neurocircuitry remains to be determined (Figure 7). What is the physiological significance of these findings? ArcN NPY/AgRP neuronal activity and PVN NPY concentrations increase to reach a peak just before an anticipated meal and remain elevated for a period after eating commences (57–60). Ghrelin, which is released from the stomach when it is emptied, also peaks right before eating and likely contributes to the increased hypothalamic NPY content (61). In general, ArcN NPY actions are anticipatory, driving increased energy stores. NPY increases appetite (6) and mastication (62), suppresses thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (62), and, like ghrelin (61), increases lipogenesis in both white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver (for reviews, see refs. 63, 64). The sympathetic nervous system likely contributes to a subset of these actions. For example, an NPY-induced decrease in SSNA to vascular smooth muscle would favor increased blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract and liver, to enhance nutrient absorption and storage. Indeed, we found that the majority of SSNA is inhibited by baroreceptor activation via an increase in AP (Supplemental Figure 11), suggesting that much of SSNA is related to cardiovascular function (i.e., innervating blood vessels). Nevertheless, as insulin rises in the postabsorptive state, it inhibits NPY (7) and acts centrally to increase SSNA (29), in part to counter its own direct vasodilatory action. NPY-induced decreases in SSNA may also influence metabolism. For example, the ability of NPY to promote hepatic lipogenesis depends on the sympathetic nervous system (i.e., NPY-evoked lipogenesis is eliminated by hepatic denervation); however, whether this effect is mediated by an increase or decrease in SNA has not been directly determined. The present results suggest that this action, to promote hepatic lipogenesis, may be due to a decrease in SNA. Finally, we also speculate that the central action of NPY (or decreased melanocortins) to increase WAT lipogenesis (64, 65) is also mediated by NPY-induced decreases in SNA. The literature provides support: the melanocortin agonist MTII increases WAT SNA (65), and a decrease in WAT SNA inhibits lipolysis (66).
+Model illustrating proposed neurocircuitry by which ArcN NPY neurons inhibit SNA. Activation of ArcN NPY (red) neurons (e.g., by either systemic or local CNO administration) inhibits “presympathetic” neurons in both the PVN and DMH, and SNA decreases. The neuropathway by which NPY inputs into the DMH decrease SNA may be mediated in part by a direct projection to the RVLM, but also indirect projections (dashed line). On the other hand, our anatomical data (Figure 2) and previous studies in rats (4) suggest that ArcN-to-PVN NPY inputs directly inhibit presympathetic neurons that project to the RVLM (and possibly also the spinal cord). However, if so, then the failure of blockade of PVN NPY1R to reverse the effects of systemic CNO requires a mechanistic explanation. We hypothesize that reversal of CNO-induced NPY inhibition of PVN presympathetic neurons via PVN NPY1R blockade increases SNA; however, since DMH (and potentially other) neurons that drive the increase in SNA (green neuron) are still inhibited by the CNO-evoked activation of NPY1R, SNA does not reach a maximum. In contrast, we hypothesize that blockade of NPY1R in the DMH unmasks an unfettered excitatory input to RVLM neurons, resulting in a large increase in SNA.
+These results may also have pathophysiological implications. Obesity and leptin increase SNA, which can lead to hypertension (for reviews, see refs. 1–3, 67). Moreover, obesity can decrease ArcN or PVN NPY content or mRNA levels, particularly with time after initiation of a high-fat diet (6, 68–72). There are few studies of the DMH, but recent evidence suggests that a high-fat diet or leptin decreases DMH NPY1R expression in males, but interestingly not in females (73, 74). Therefore, because a decrease in NPY tone is required for POMC neurons to induce sympathoexcitation, at least in the PVN (4, 5), reduced tonic NPY sympathoinhibitory actions (due to decreased NPY release or NPY1R) in both PVN and DMH may represent a fruitful target for understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of obesity-induced sympathoexcitation. Moreover, given the interest in NPY agonists and antagonists as therapeutic agents (13), our data may also inform their use in the treatment of such sympathoexcitatory disorders.
+Animals
+Male mice (20–30 g) were used. Colonies of mice were bred in-house. C57BL/6J mice (WT) were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. Agrp-IRES-Cre mice (75) were originally obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. NPY-hrGFP transgenic mice were originally received from Bradford B. Lowell (Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA) (76). Heterozygous Agrp-IRES-Cre NPY-hrGFP (AgrpCre::NpyGFP) mice were produced in-house by breeding of the respective strains.
+Mice were housed under constant temperature (21–23°C) and a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle schedule (lights on at 6 am and lights off at 6 pm), with food (LabDiet 5L0D) and water provided ad libitum.
+Brain viral vector and CtB injections
+Stereotaxic AAV-DREADD-mCherry injections. Male Agrp-IRES-Cre mice, WT littermates, and AgRPCre::NpyGFP mice received bilateral ArcN injections of AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3Dq-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4Di-mCherry (UNC Vector Core Services, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA). The mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (1.5%–2.5%), placed in a stereotaxic instrument (Model 1900, David Kopf Instruments) and received a midline skin incision to expose the surface of the skull. Two sets of 250 nl bilateral injections were made in the ArcN (coordinates: 1.0 and 1.6 mm caudal to bregma, 0.3 mm lateral to midline, 5.8 mm ventral to dura). The injections were conducted bilaterally over 1 minute with a glass pipette (tip diameter, ~40 μm) connected to a Nanoject II (Drummond Scientific). The injector was left in place for 10 minutes before withdrawal. Mice were allowed to recover for at least 2 weeks before the start of any in vivo studies. At the conclusion of the study, the brains were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, then sectioned at 30 μm on a vibrating microtome, and processed for immunohistochemical detection of mCherry. All injected Agrp-IRES-Cre mice were mCherry positive for bilateral hits.
+Stereotaxic injection for tract tracing. 250 nl of AAV8.2-hEF1alpha-DIO-Synaptophysin-mCherry-WPRE (77, 78) (VIROVEK) were injected into the ArcN as described above. One week after the surgery, the mice received another stereotaxic injection of Alexa Fluor 488–CtB (1 mg/ml, 30 nl, Life Technologies, Invitrogen) into the RVLM (coordinates: 1.5 to 1.6 mm caudal to lambda, 0.9 to 1.1 mm lateral to midline, 4.9 to 5.1 mm ventral to dura) using a pressure injection system. One week later, the animals were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, and the brains were sectioned at 30 μm on a freezing-stage microtome and processed for immunohistochemical detection of mCherry and CtB.
+Experimental preparation: AP and SNA recordings
+Surgery. Mice were anesthetized with 1.5%–2.5% isoflurane in 100% oxygen, and intubated to allow for spontaneous respiration of oxygen-enriched room air. Rectal temperature was maintained at 36–38°C using a rectal thermistor and heating pad. The splanchnic nerve was identified using a dissecting scope, mounted on a bipolar stainless steel electrode, and then embedded with silicone gel (Kwik-Sil, World Precision Instruments). The right jugular vein was cannulated to maintain anesthesia after surgery with α-chloralose (initial dose: 25 mg/kg; sustaining dose of 6 mg/kg/h; Sigma-Aldrich) (79). The left carotid artery was cannulated for continuous measurement of AP and HR. The mice were then placed in a Kopf stereotaxic instrument, and, following a midline incision, the skull was prepared for nanoinjections by burring a hole in the skull near the midline. For i.p. injections, a PE-10 tube filled with saline was implanted into the peritoneal cavity in some mice. After completion of surgery and the α-chloralose loading dose, the animals were allowed to stabilize for ≥30 minutes before experimentation. After experimentation, all mice were killed with an overdose of pentobarbital. Postmortem nerve activity was recorded in all animals.
+Data acquisition. Pulsatile and mean AP, HR, and raw SSNA were continuously recorded throughout the experiment with Grass amplifiers (model 79D, Grass Instrument Co.) and a Biopac MP100 data acquisition and analysis system (BIOPAC Systems Inc.), sampling at 2,000 Hz. SNA was bandpass filtered (20–3,000 Hz) and amplified (×10,000). The SSNA signal was then rectified and integrated in 1-second bins. After data collection, background postmortem SSNA was subtracted from values of SSNA recorded during the experiment. SSNA was normalized to the baseline (or control) SNA, which was defined as the average of the 60-second period before the first injections (i.p. injection or nanoinjection) and expressed as percentage of control. Baseline SSNA, MAP, and HR were 1-minute averages prior to injections, and response values were the difference of the averages of 1-minute bins following injections from the baseline value.
+Hypothalamic nanoinjections
+Nanoinjections were conducted with single-barreled glass micropipettes with ~20-μm tip diameter. With flat-skull positioning and using bregma as zero, micropipettes were positioned using the following coordinates: PVN, 0.7–0.9 mm caudal, 0.3–0.4 mm lateral, and 4.8 mm ventral; DMH, 1.7–1.9 mm caudal, 0.4 mm lateral, and 5.1 mm ventral; and LH, 1.3–1.5 mm caudal, 1.0 mm lateral, and 5.0–5.1 mm ventral. All nanoinjections (30 nl/side) were made bilaterally with ~2 minutes between injections, using a pressure injection system (Pressure System IIe, Toohey Co.).
+The following drugs and chemicals were used for nanoinjections: NPY, 0.1 mM/l (Tocris Bioscience); BIBO3304, NPY1R antagonist, 10 mM/l (Tocris Bioscience); AgRP, 1 mM/l (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc.); muscimol, 1 mM/l (Tocris Bioscience); CNO, 10 μM/l (Enzo Life Sciences); and gabazine, 0.03 mM/l and 0.1 mM/l (SR-95531, Sigma-Aldrich). Drugs for microinjection were dissolved in aCSF containing (in mM): 128 NaCl, 2.6 KCl, 1.3 CaCl2, 0.9 MgCl2, 20 NaHCO3, 1.3 Na2HPO4, and 2 dextrose; pH 7.4. In some animals, prior to nanoinjections of drugs, aCSF was injected as vehicle control. Fluorescent polystyrene microspheres (FluoSpheres, F8803, 1:200; Molecular Probes) were included in the injectate to verify the injection sites.
+At the conclusion of the experiment, the brains were removed and placed in 4% paraformaldehyde for at least 48 hours. The hypothalamus was subsequently cut into 50-μm sections using a vibrating microtome and counterstained with Hoechst 34580 (1:500, Sigma-Aldrich). Correct placement was confirmed using a mouse brain atlas (80) under a Zeiss Axiophot 2 Plus fluorescence microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy).
+Experimental protocols
+(i) hM3Dq or hM4Di activation: After stabilization, saline or CNO (0.3 or 1 mg/kg, i.p., in 0.1 ml) was injected in Agrp-IRES-Cre mice or their WT littermates that had received nanoinjections of hM3Dq or hM4Di AAV into the ArcN; and AP, HR, and SSNA were recorded for more than 1 hour following injections.
+(ii) Single hypothalamic drug nanoinjections: In male WT mice, after collection of baseline data, nanoinjections (30 nl, over 5–10 seconds) were made bilaterally, with ~2 minutes between injections, and data were collected for the following 30 minutes.
+(iii) Reversal of hM3Dq activation–induced effects via BIBO3304 nanoinjections in the PVN or DMH: In Agrp-IRES-Cre mice with hM3Dq, 35–40 minutes after i.p. injection of saline or CNO, BIBO3304 (10 mM/l) was injected bilaterally into the PVN or into the DMH, and data were collected for 30 minutes. In another set of mice, i.p. CNO was followed by bilateral PVN or DMH injections of aCSF.
+(iv) Two hypothalamic drug nanoinjections: In male WT mice, two different drugs were injected bilaterally (as described above) at an interval of ~15 minutes, when the effects of the first injection became stable. The combinations of nanoinjections include: NPY in the PVN, followed by BIBO3304 in the PVN; BIBO3304 in the PVN, followed by muscimol or aCSF into the DMH. In addition, in male Agrp-IRES-Cre mice that received ArcN hM3Dq, two different drugs were injected bilaterally (as described above) at an interval of ~15 minutes: CNO in the PVN followed by BIBO3304 in the PVN; CNO in the DMH followed by BIBO3304 in the DMH.
+Food intake studies
+Food intake measurements were performed as previously described (14). Mice were singly housed for at least 1 day before the experiment. Agrp-IRES-Cre mice with hM3Dq randomly received i.p. injections of CNO (0.3 mg/kg of body weight, i.p.) or saline 3 hours after the start of the 12-hour light cycle (9 am) and the other solution 2 days later. Thus, each animal was used as its own control. Food intake was assessed by providing one pellet of food in a petri dish in the cage, and weighing the pellet before and at 2 and 4 hours after the injection. Agrp-IRES-Cre mice with hM4Di were randomly injected with CNO (0.3 mg/kg of body weight, i.p.) or saline at the start of the 12-hour dark cycle (6 pm) on alternating days, and food intake was assessed at 2 and 4 hours after injection.
+Immunohistochemistry
+Immunohistochemistry was performed as previously described (4, 26, 81). The primary antibodies used in these studies included rabbit anti-dsRed, which detects mCherry (1:2,500; catalog 632496, Clontech), rabbit anti-mCherry (1:1,000; ab167453, Abcam), and goat anti-CtB (1:10,000; product 703, List Biological Laboratories). mCherry and CtB were then visualized with the secondary antibodies Alexa Fluor 594–donkey anti-rabbit (1:500; catalog A21207, Invitrogen) and Alexa Fluor 488–donkey anti-goat (1:500; catalog A11055, Invitrogen).
+Images were collected using a Zeiss LSM 780 laser scanning confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss MicroImaging Inc.). The number of ArcN hM3Dq-expressing neurons also positive for NPY GFP (Supplemental Figure 1E) was analyzed offline using the image processing software Fiji (4). RVLM-projecting neurons in the PVN, DMH, and LH closely associated with ArcN NPY/AgRP fibers or terminals were quantified as follows (Supplemental Figure 12): images were processed in Zeiss Zen 2012 (Gray version) (Carl Zeiss Microimaging Inc.) and imported into Imaris 8.4.1 (Bitplane, Andor Technologies). The two-channel (red and green) thresholds were adjusted to minimize background, and CtB-labeled cells (green) were given an isosurface. Spots representing mCherry-labeled fibers and terminals (red) were created in the same manner and were divided using distance transformation into those 2 μm or closer to a green cell surface and those further away. Identical parameters were applied to each image. The number of green cells having red contacts was determined.
+Statistics
+All data are presented as mean ± SEM. Between-group differences were determined using 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA, except for data displayed in Figure 5 and Supplemental Figure 6, for which 1-way ANOVA was used. Specific between- and within-group differences were determined using the Newman-Keuls post hoc test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
+Study approval
+All procedures were conducted in accordance with the NIH’s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Academies Press, 2011) and were approved by the Oregon Health & Science University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
+ZS performed all in vivo experiments and viral vector injections. ZS and CJM surgically prepared mice for immunocytochemical analysis. ZS, CJM, and VLB designed the experiments, analyzed the data, and prepared the manuscript.
+We gratefully acknowledge the technical support provided by Cole T. Streiff and Rosalee Elting (genotyping), Katelyn Castellanos and Alexia Robles (histological sectioning), Rubing Xing (immunohistochemistry), Nicole Pelletier, and Stefanie Kaech Petrie and Aurelie Snyder (confocal imaging and quantification). We also thank Donald Morgan (University of Iowa, Kamal Rahmouni laboratory) for advice as we developed the anesthetized mouse preparation. Finally, we appreciate the comments made by Martin Kelly and Daniel Marks during preparation of the manuscript. This research was funded in part by NIH grants HL088552 and HL128181 (VLB), AHA15POST23040042 postdoctoral fellowship (ZS), ADA 1-13-BS-120 (CJM), and NINDS P30 NS061800 (PI, S. Aicher).
+Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exits.
+Reference information:J Clin Invest. 2017;127(7):2868–2880..
+I won’t be messing around. I love Kotlin and I like writing enterprise applications using Spring. And from my previous post you can draw conclusions that Kotlin and Spring is a great combo to work with. And, indeed, it is! Guys from Pivotal did a really great job to support this new programming language in their framework. But this time, it’s both the Spring’s team and the JetBrains team that needs to make some improvements in the codebase so we could properly write… integration tests.
+[15 MAY 2018] UPDATE: As of Spring Boot 2.0.2/Spring 5.0.6, WebTestClient is now usable in Kotlin. Examples in this changeset.
+Spring WebFlux’s Test annotation
+I wanted to contain this in the previous post, but the struggles I faced deserve their own one.
+In my last post I’ve showed you how you can implement a simple reactive service using Kotlin and Spring Boot 2 with a new web framework – Spring WebFlux. And everything had been going okay until I started writing integration tests. Well, to be honest, I couldn’t even start because the basic configuration exceeded my limits of patience.
+@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class) @WebFluxTest class ReactivekotlinApplicationTests { @Autowired private lateinit var client: WebTestClient @Test fun getBooks() { client.get().uri("") .exchange().expectStatus().isOk } }
+The above snippet is a basic configuration for testing WebFlux apps. My test method just wants to send a simple GET request and check if returned HTTP status is equal to 200.
+I’m executing this test and.. exception is thrown.
+It looks like the test context can’t see my endpoints. Quick look at the documentation of @WebFluxTest and I know that I need to pass a controller class that I want to test. But I have no controller. I’m using the new functional routing DSL. So I can’t use @WebFluxTest. One of the flag functionalities of the release and no one cared about adding support fot testing it the easy way?
+Manual configuration of WebTestClient
+Fortunately, we can abandon autowiring the WebTestClient field and just manually point it to the correct router configuration bean. With addition of the new JUnit5’s @BeforeAll annotation I can set everything up before my tests start execution:
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS) @ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class) @WebFluxTest internal class ReactivekotlinApplicationTests { @Autowired private lateinit var routing: Routing @Autowired private lateinit var booksHandler: BooksHandler private lateinit var client: WebTestClient @BeforeAll fun initClient() { client = WebTestClient.bindToRouterFunction(routing.booksRouter(booksHandler)).build() } @Test fun getBooks() { client.get().uri("") .exchange().expectStatus().isOk } }
+And another long stacktrace of exceptions in being thrown. This time I was treated with UnsatisfiedDependencyException and NoSuchBeanDefinitionException regarding my Routing configuration. I can’t really inject @Configuration anywhere – this annotation is used as an indicator for Spring that this class declares @Beans definitions.
+So, what’s coming next?
+Good ol’ @SpringBootTest
+@SpringBootTest to the rescue. Or not 🙂 Let’s revert everything to the first snippet and put this annotation in the place of @WebFluxTest and see what happens.
+I don’t even have to run it. The compiler tells me straightaway that there’s no WebTestClient bean configured. It was the @WebFluxTest‘s job to define it. So I put @WebFluxTest back and run the test…
+java.lang.IllegalStateException: Configuration error: found multiple declarations of @BootstrapWith for test class [net.amarszalek.reactivekotlin.ReactivekotlinApplicationTests]: [@org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapWith(value=class org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper), @org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapWith(value=class org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxTestContextBootstrapper)]
+I’m starting to get annoyed even though I’m a naturally calm person.
+Back to manually setting up WebClient…
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS) @ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class) @SpringBootTest internal class ReactivekotlinApplicationTests { private lateinit var client: WebTestClient @BeforeAll fun initClient() { client = WebTestClient.bindToServer().baseUrl("").build(); } @Test fun getBooks() { client.get().uri("") .exchange().expectStatus().isOk } }
+And execute…
+Now I’m starting wondering “why me, why me?”. In the logs it looks like everything’s okay – the application started perfectly, the router has been mapped. But still… Every request I make is being refused.
+At this point, my energy depleted to 0. I started Googling for this exception and everything that comes up is about Minecraft. It seems like it’s a popular bug in there. Oh God. I think I’m going to download Minecraft. This is what I need right now.
+(5 hours later)
+Okay, I killed some creepers. Refreshed and relaxed I can get back to integration tests.
+Getting rid of class annotations
+After hours spent on Googling and trying to make it work I decided to give up on autoconfiguration test annotations provided by Spring. Almost completely. Instead, I switched to manually booting up the application and guess what. It worked. Yes. I’m surprised too.
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS) internal class ReactivekotlinApplicationTests { private lateinit var client: WebTestClient @BeforeAll fun initClient() { runApplication<ReactivekotlinApplication>() client = WebTestClient.bindToServer().baseUrl("").build() } @Test fun getBooks() { client.get().uri("") .exchange().expectStatus().isOk } }
+Note that the @BeforeAll annotation runs just once before all test methods. You can for example extract it to a base class that’s going to setup your test environment. That’s what I did.
+But after a moment of playing with my code I realized another thing. I’m not in a valid Spring bean, so I can’t inject any components. Therefore I can’t prepare test data in database or whatever else I imagine. You know what’s the solution? 🙂 Bringing back the annotations. That’s what we have now:
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS) @SpringBootTest @ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class) class TestBase { protected val client = WebTestClient.bindToServer() .baseUrl("") .defaultHeader(HttpHeaders.ACCEPT, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE) .build() @BeforeAll fun initApplication() { runApplication<ReactivekotlinApplication>() } } class ReactivekotlinApplicationTests : TestBase() { @Autowired private lateinit var repository: BookRepository @Test fun getBooks() { client.get().uri("/books/{title}", "Title5") .exchange().expectStatus().isOk } }
+The test passes. Finally. I missed the green.
+The battle is not over yet
+Now I should further develop my test class with data preparation, assertions etc., but there’s another issue in Spring WebFlux. Or rather in Kotlin.
+Kotlin is unable to inherit types from WebTestClient. There are issues reported to Spring’s JIRA: SPR-15692 and to Kotlin’s YouTrack: KT-5464.
+With this bug not resolved, we can’t use expectations methods from the BodySpec interface. And there’s no proper workaround, except using the ordinary WebClient instead of the version designated for tests. The target of fix is set to Kotlin 1.3. Right now all you can do with WebTestClient is assert json values:
+@Test fun getBooks() { val bookTitle = "Title5" client.get().uri("/books/{title}", bookTitle) .exchange().expectStatus().isOk .expectBody() .jsonPath("$.title").isEqualTo(bookTitle) }
+Conclusion (and disclaimer)
+When it comes to developing reactive web application, I’m going to abandon Kotlin. At times I was at one’s wits’ end while writing this post. Java together with Spring WebFlux is no less powerful than Kotlin. I hope no one denies that 😉
+It’s time to wind down. At the end of this post I just wanted to point out that it’s just a rant. It’s not personal and I really appreciate the work both from Spring’s team (especially @sdeleuze) and JetBrains’ team. Keep it up!
+11 thoughts on “Why I avoid writing integration tests in WebFlux and Kotlin”
+I went the other direction and abandoned Spring
+Current stack is Kotlin + Kodein + VertX + Spek
+Do you have an simple example project somewhere?
++1
+I have created in order to show you how to write tests with various use cases.
+Your @SpringBootTest example can be much simpler and use WebTestClient injection via @AutoConfigureWebTestClient. @WebFluxTest with functional router requires using @Import, see. Be aware that you can use .returnResult().responseBody.apply as a workaround for KT-5464.
+I have reopened in order to provide an extension providing this workaround in an easier way. I will also improve WebTestClient documentation to mention accordingly.
+I’m grateful you took the time to prepare this, Sébastien. Thanks! is now fixed (in upcoming Spring Framework 5.0.6+/ Spring Boot 2.0.2+)
+Thank you for this post clarifying that I am not, actually, going crazy.
+You could´ve just started the server with for example:
+@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
+And then bind the WebTestClient with for example:
+@LocalServerPort
+val port: Int = 0
+WebTestClient.bindToServer().baseUrl(“”)
+I faced the same problems as you, reached the end of your article (thanks for it btw) and finally found in comments the @AutoConfigureWebTestClient annotation which did the trick. That’s crazy.
+Great post! trying to work on a similar example but replacing the reactive guts with akka.
+I think, the key is to add RANDOM_PORT
+@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
+This solved the issue with autowiring WebTestClient
+Why are U.S. Supreme Court justices appointed for life?
+U.S. Supreme Court justices receive lifetime appointments to the bench, but many wonder if indefinite terms do more harm to our legal system than good.
+- With a second nomination to the Supreme Court, President Trump has the ability to alter the political leanings of the country's highest court for decades.
+- The Founding Fathers gave justices and other federal judges a lifetime appointment to prevent them from being influenced by other branches of government.
+- Today, many argue that federal judges should be subject to term limits as modern politics and life expectancy have outpaced the Founders' original vision.
+With the retirement of Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy, President Donald Trump scored his second nomination to the United States' highest court. During his term, Trump could potentially receive a third and fourth empty seat on the bench.
+Since Supreme Court justices serve for life, such a turn of events would tilt the court toward conservative rulings for decades. Dreading such a future, Democrats have unleashed a salvo of criticisms at Trump's current SCOTUS nominee, Brett Kavanaugh. They have also called for reforms to set term limits for federal judges.
+On his show Last Week Tonight, liberal-leaning comedian John Oliver argued that term limits are essential for democracy, as lifetime appointments come with a bevy of drawbacks. But it wasn't long ago that Republicans could be heard issuing similar clarion calls.
+"I just think that people—whether they're in the legislative, executive, or judicial branch—shouldn't see their appointment to an office as permanent," Mike Huckabee told CNN during his 2015 run for the Republican nomination. "It would be that they have no accountability whatsoever."
+If there is bipartisan agreement that term limits can be problematic, then why do Supreme Court justices have a lifetime appointment?
+The why of lifetime appointments
+A close up of the U.S. Constitution. SCOTUS justices are granted a lifetime appointment under Article III, Section 1.
+(Photo by Tetra Images/Getty Images)
+The U.S. Constitution doesn't specifically grant Supreme Court justices a lifetime appointment. Instead, Article III, Section 1, states that federal judges "shall hold their Offices during good Behavior" and… that's it. As long as federal judges don't commit a crime — and remember their pleases and thank yous — they keep their seat.
+The phrase "during good Behavior" translates to a lifetime appointment because the Founders set no specific term or age limit for service. This means that the only actions that can remove a federal judge are death, resignation, or impeachment by Congress.
+Most federal judges exit by way of death or resignation, with impeachment coming into play sparingly. Only 15 federal judges in U.S. history have ever been impeached and never a Supreme Court justice. Of the 113 justices to serve, only two have been faced with the threat of impeachment.
+In 1804, the House impeached Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase, but he was not convicted by the Senate, and he continued to serve on the bench until his death in 1811. In 1969, Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas resigned under threat of impeachment. There have been other calls for impeachment, of course, but these two stories represent the farthest such actions have managed to hinder a justice's career.
+For the record, justices serve on average for 16 years. However, when we only take into consideration justices from after the 1970s, the average jumps to 26 years. The longest-serving justice was William O. Douglas, who sat on the bench for 36 years, seven months, and eight days.
+Reasons for a lifetime appointment
+This conversation is uniquely American. No other major democracy grants federal judges lifetime tenure. Some have mandatory retirement ages, some set term limits, and some do both. But the Founding Fathers had very specific concerns they were trying to counter with such a far-reaching policy.
+Returning to the Constitution, Article III, Section 1, also states that federal judges shall receive compensation and that compensation "shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office." (As of Jan. 1, 2018, associate justices receive a salary of $255,300, and the chief justice receives $267,000.)
+The reason the Founders set no term limits goes hand-in-hand with their prohibition on diminishing wages: Both serve to prevent the legislative and executive branches from manipulating the courts. The wording of Article III means that neither the president nor Congress can institute term limits or a pay cut, ensuring judges are secure in their job and beholden to neither branch's whims.
+Alexander Hamilton made this argument overt in The Federalist Papers: No. 78. "If, then, the courts of justice are to be considered as the bulwarks of a limited Constitution against legislative encroachments, this consideration will afford a strong argument for the permanent tenure of judicial offices," Hamilton wrote, "since nothing will contribute so much as this to that independent spirit in the judges which must be essential to the faithful performance of so arduous a duty."
+These Constitutional freedoms should (in theory) put justices above politics and allow them to rule through a fair, unbiased interpretation of the law. Rising above partisan politics would also allow the Supreme Court to stand as a lawful, counter-majoritarian force that could protect the rights of the minority in the face of popular politics. (Again, in theory. There have been times when the Supreme Court has enshrined popular tyranny into law—looking your way, Dred Scott v. Sandford.)
+When it comes to the idea of imposing term limits, some worry that such an act would set a precedent that allows the other branches of government to further shackle the court's power—effectively negating the checks and balances set by the Founding Fathers.
+"Imagine if Congress all of a sudden thought […] that it should be regulating the Supreme Court on a much more aggressive basis," said Stephen Vladeck, professor at the University of Texas at Austin School of Law, during a National Constitution Center debate on the subject. "I worry about a precedent where we start opening the door for Congress—especially this Congress—to flex its muscles, to use its power to try new ways to impose more and more constraints on the independence of the justices."
+Should we set term limits on SCOTUS justices?
+United States Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival. Appointed by President Clinton, Justice Ginsburg continues to serve at 85 years old.
+(Photo by Robin Marchant/Getty Images)
+But others on all points of the political spectrum say these arguments, while well intended, don't balance out the downsides of lifetime appointments. Some even argue that such aspirations for apolitical judges are wishful thinking.
+"It's impossible for a position like this not to have political ramifications," argued Alan Morrison, professor at George Washington University Law, during the aforementioned National Constitution Center debate. He added:
+Given the content of the work that they do and the kinds of questions they have to answer, does anybody really think that justices call balls and strikes—when the question is whether due process has been violated [or] whether the death penalty is a cruel and unusual punishment? Obviously, these are political offices, but unlike other political offices, people stay for a very, very long time.
+Others note that lifetime terms add a factor of randomness in determining the court's makeup, a decidedly undemocratic mechanism in our system. Writing for the Week, Matt Bruenig points out that Jimmy Carter nominated no Supreme Court justices, yet Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated five. Bill Clinton appointed two in his two terms, while George H.W. Bush appointed the same number in one.
+"Filling up the court in such a random manner makes its overall political composition more random as well," writes Bruenig, "rather than a democratic reflection of the political trends of the country as a whole."
+Finally, there is the question of age. When Hamilton wrote the Federalist Papers, the average life expectancy in the Americas was about 35 years. Today, it is 77 years.
+This means justices will serve much longer tenures on average than they did in the past. Such term lengths can prevent the bench from being updated to mirror social and culture progress. In the court's 228-year history, for example, only six of 113 justices have not been white men—two African-American men and four women.
+Age also adds a political element to the bench. Justices will often choose to retire when a president is in office who echoes their political views, ensuring their seat continues to vote as they would.
+"Justices have a conflicting set of obligations," Geoffrey R. Stone, a law professor at the University of Chicago, told the New York Times. "On the one hand, they have an obligation to serve their terms as long as they feel it's in the interest of the nation, and as long as they feel they can do the job well. But they have a conflicting desire, which is to perpetuate their view on the court. It's a political and personal judgement which they have to make for themselves."
+Such worries extend to the justices themselves, who may hold onto their seats well beyond the point when their health fails them (as happened to Justice Thurgood Marshall). There is also the concern of what would happen if a justice developed dementia or lost other mental faculties.
+Can anything be done?
+Not much. The majority of Americans agree that term limits for federal judges should be enacted, but setting a such a limit would take an act of Congress.
+Could both parties ultimately come to an agreement that such limits are beneficial? Maybe, but even if they did, it seems unlikely a situation would arise in which neither party felt such an act would not benefit one party over the other. Not to mention the bad blood from years of politicking to secure seats on the bench, such as the Merrick Garland incident.
+The only real recourse the average American has is to vote for representatives that support their views, whether those views are for or against term limits.
+- Internet Trolls Have an Unlikely New Ally: The U.S. Supreme Court ... ›
+- Why Is the Supreme Court Losing Popularity? - Big Think ›
+- Are Supreme Court Justices Too Privileged to Understand Average ... ›
+Ethan Hawke: You are everything and you are nothing
+The actor's greatest heroes exhibited humility in their actions, a view he tries to emulate.
+In this post I finally get around to reacting to Warner Bros.’ peculiar approach to its forthcoming Aquaman movie, and look to the X-Men franchise for guidance. Wait, why the X-Men franchise? Because they’ve done this kind of thing a couple of times already.
+Aquaman
+A little over a week ago, The Hollywood Reporter exclusively revealed that Warner Bros. is employing a parallel script development strategy for Aquaman whereby two different writers (Gangster Squad’s Will Beall, 300’s Kurt Johnstad) have been hired to create separate scripts which will most likely end up being combined into one presumably super-script. While this may sound like a strange way to do things, it’s actually one of Hollywood’s hottest trends:.
+In addition to Aquaman, parallel script development has recently been used for projects like a new Tarzan movie (tentatively starring Alexander Skarsgard), a Mummy reboot at Universal, and a new Scooby-Doo film, except there the competition is between a script for a live-action feature and a script for a completely animated film.
+The fact that Warner Bros. is utilizing this approach with Aquaman has mostly inspired head-scratching followed by empathy for the awkward positions Beall and Johnstad have been placed in followed by your standard-grade “Warner Bros. has no idea what they’re doing with their DC movies!” arguments.
+On the empathy side of things, Hitflix’s Drew McWeeny called on the Writers Guild of America to stop studios from doing this kind of thing in the future, arguing:
+“By commencing both Beall and Johnstad on scripts, the studio is telling them right up front that someone’s going to win this process and someone’s going to lose. That’s not the way a creative endeavor should work. You can’t do great work if you’re stressed that you’re going to lose the job or worse, that you’re going to turn something in that’s simply going to disappear into the process.”
+On the screw Warner Bros. side, FilmSchoolRejects’ Scott Beggs argued “this development is another sign that Warners is more beholden to a list of release dates for Untitleds than to a true, overarching blueprint for how their cinematic superworlds will cohere. “
+This does sound like a tall glass of suck for the writers, and Warner Bros. is still ever so far behind Marvel in terms of long-term planning and all that. However, I don’t have nearly as invested an interested in this as others because unlike McWeeny I am not a WGA member, and as stated elsewhere on the site I am not an Aquaman fan (nor am I really an Aquaman hater). This is far from the first time Warner Bros. will have multiple scripts in development at the same time for the same character(s) lest we forget about the development process between Batman & Robin and Batman Begins/Superman Returns.
+How Does Parallel Development Work from a Practical Standpoint?
+In the case of Tarzan, Adam Cozad and Craig Brewer each penned separate scripts which were fuzed together when the studio preferred Cozad’s action and structure elements and Brewer’s characterization. That was perhaps a best-case scenario. For Universal’s Mummy re-boot, Jon Spaihts and Billy Ray working concurrently on their separate script before the studio focused on Spaihts’ draft meaning though Ray was obviously paid for his work he’s probably not even going to get at least a story credit out of the whole affair.
+How Has the X-Men Film Franchise Used This Strategy?
+Parallel script development is mostly being regarded as a relatively new concept which is far more common than we realize. However, I am immediately reminded of how Fox actually owes its scripts for X2 (2003) and X-Men: The Last Stand (2006) to parallel development:
+X2 –
+Writer/actor David Hayter began work on the first X-Men as an administrative worker, answering phones in the production offices, a job he only got because of his friendship with Bryan Singer. However, since Hayter was a huge fan of the X-Men comics Singer often used him as a soundboard to help work through the issues they were having with the script. Eventually, Hayter become so invaluably to Singer that he was just hired to completely re-write the script, earning the WGA minimum salary and sole credit for the screenplay in the process.
+After the film made enough money to earn a sequel, Hayter was eager to return, but he wanted a bump in salary. As those negotiations dragged on, Fox turned to one of its contract writers, Zack Penn (Last Action Hero), to produce a draft for X2. By the time Hayter was finally back on-board, he had been told another writer had been hired to write a script simultaneous to his own. Interestingly, Penn was not told the same thing. He was actually led to believe that he was the one writing X2 whereas Hayter was going to write X2’s sequel, or vice versa.
+If that was the case, the problem was that both Penn and Hayter wanted to use the X-Men graphic novel “God Loves, Man Kills” as the basis for their script. Fox was cool with that, and let them each take their crack at it, ultimately using most of Hayter’s script for the story but a little bit of Penn’s as well:
+The funny thing is that what ultimately ended up happening to both Hayter and Penn is that they got re-written. Hayter left the film during pre-production to work on a TV show he had created, and Singer brought in Dan Harris and Mike Dougherty to do a simple script polish. Instead, they re-wrote so much of it that they ended up receiving a screenplay credit alongside Hayter (Penn received a story credit), and have now pretty much made their entire careers off the notoriety of being the guys who wrote X2. Such classics moments from the film which are solely attributable to Harris and Dougherty include:
+X-Men: The Last Stand –
+Bryan Singer, Mike Dougherty, and Dan Harris all had some clear ideas about what they were going to do with a X-Men 3, but after months of contract negotiations Singer unceremoniously cut-off talks with the studio and shortly thereafter announced he was jumping to rival studio Warner Bros. to make Superman Returns. Not only that, he was taking Dougherty and Harris with him.
+Fox. Was. Pissed. The logical thing to do at that point would have been to delay X-Men 3, which they had already announced for May 2006, but they were having none of that. They were instead even more motivated to get the film done on time just to stick it to Singer and company, whose Superman film was now due to come out the same summer as X-Men 3. So, by March 2005 Fox had hired Matthew Vaughn to replace Singer as director, and commissioned competing scripts from Zak Penn and Simon Kinberg (Mr. & Mrs. Smith), with pre-production set to kick off 4 months later and filming 3 months after that.
+Penn had gone through this dance on X2, and he wasn’t about to do it again:
+Simon and I got together and said let’s not do this, let’s sit together and talk about what we think the movie should be –which by the way was very different from what the studio wanted to do – and we kind of went in as a united front. It actually helped us tremendously in terms of saying to the studio, “You know what? Maybe you guys should take a step back and let people who really love this franchise and really want to work on it full-time have some say in what’s going to happen with it.”
+With this united front, Penn and Kinberg convinced the studio that the movie needed to be about the Dark Phoenix, but they had to concede it couldn’t be the only plot, thus resulting in the addition of a “mutant cure” storyline adapted from Joss Whedon’s then-very-recent “Gifted” story arc from Astonishing X-Men.
+Gosh, that all sounds great. Solidarity, writers! It’s just too bad that their Last Stand script ended up being so terrible, so bad that Simon Kinberg has since written an X-Men movie (Days of Future Past) that goes out of its way to complete erase the events of Last Stand from history. It wasn’t all on them, of course, considering that Matthew Vaughn quit during pre-production leaving Brett Ratner to come in and mostly do his best to simply get the movie done on time.
+So, there you have it – two examples of prior parallel script development in the comic book movie genre. One of them (X2) worked, but mostly because two different guys came in near the end and totally put their unique stamp on things, performing re-writes on the set and only coming up with the film’s ending halfway through production. The other (The Last Stand) crashed and burned, despite the efforts of the writers to work around the whole “parallel script” thing. What Warner Bros. probably needs is for their competing Aquaman scripts to provide a basic story which a James Gunn writer-director type can come in and polish into something awesome.
+Oddly enough, Warner Bros. actually already has a finished Aquaman script. It’s from Heath Corson, and it’s going to hit small-screens as the direct-to-video animated film Justice League: Throne of Atlantis in 2015. It even includes a scene where a drunken Aquaman talks to lobsters through the glass of an aquarium at a seafeed restaurant. It’s pretty legitimately funny:
+What do you think? Is Parallel Script Development truly the scourge of our times? Does this all not really seem that out of the ordinary for how Hollywood develops its scripts? Is this just maybe a power struggle going on at Warner Bros. where one person favored one approach and another was gung-ho for something different thus the two scripts? Or does none of this matter because Aquaman will simply never make for a good movie? Let us know in the comments.
+Source: Mutant Cinema: The X-Men Trilogy From Comics to Screen
+f8 1/400 ISO 200
+We interrupt The Best Gardening Advice Series for a brief post for a friend. The gardening series resumes on Sunday night, but catch up if you have missed any.
+- 1.The Best Gardening Advice – Just Doing
+- 2. The Best Gardening Advice – The Master Gardeners
+- 3. Learning Without Opening a Book – The Best Gardening Advice
+I have offered two lenses for sale to a friend and fellow Nikon user. She is interested in a lens that she can use for both far away, like my birds and closeup like my bees, so I went out today in the backyard to see what photo subjects were out and about.
+f8 1/400 ISO 200
+It looks like Spring has finally arrived, but we had a nice frost this morning to say, “hold on partner, not so fast.” A few blooms have awakened for Spring, with many more just barely a bump in the soil. It will be awhile before the tulips tower and the hyacinths blazon blue.
+f5 1/800 ISO 1250
+Sorry birds, the feeders come down this week, so nice of you to pick them clean for me.
+But, back to the point of the post. I have offered my Nikon 55-300mm 1:4.5-5.6 G ED lens to my friend for first dibs. Why? Because I am looking to use my FX lenses more and while having this and the 18-135mm, I have become too dependent on using my old “friends”. In fact, most blog shots came from these two lenses for the most part.
+f10 1/320 ISO 500 200mm
+I own two macro lenses so there is little need for either of these lenses to do that work anymore. The 80-400mm needs to get more use and that will only happen if the 300mm finds a new home.
+I have taken far better photos with these two lenses previously, but thought she needed to see recent shots to know that the lenses are still in good working order.
+f8 1/400 ISO 200 155mm
+It is pretty much a given it will take a bit of practice to get shots like these. Not because of ability, but because as with all new lenses, practice is necessary. I pushed the lens to 300mm on all shots but two. Why this is important, is that most lenses are not going to be their sharpest at either extreme of focal length. This way it is easier to see the sharpness of full zoom at 300mm.
+She had asked me if these lenses have “good glass.” Well, as I explained, both are consumer lenses and if the quality she sees in my posts are good enough, well, you can’t beat having the ability and versatility of a 300mm zoom.
+f8 1/400 ISO 200
+I used the lenses on the Nikon D80, more comparable to the camera she owns. Hope you like the shots of early bees.
+f8 1/400 ISO 200
+After this sales pitch, I will resume The Best Gardening Advice. Four more posts in the series are coming.
+f5.6 1/125 ISO 200
+These captures are nothing short of perfection. Glorious!
+Thanks, high compliment too. My better camera and lenses would not have done much better, maybe a little sharper.
+Love that one of the bee flying through the air toward the crocus. We have crocus blooming, but I haven’t seen any bees yet.
+The crocus just opened today. How the bee knew is beyond me. She better be back in her nest because it will be in the mid-thirties at night this weekend.
+Photography is such a natural extension of gardening. There is somehting about trying to capture a little beauty, a little bit of “too perfect”, that fits right into the mind of a gardener. Thank you so much for sharing, I really enjoyed the bee photos.
+I agree. Gardens are photogenic and lend themselves to the lens.
+What wonderful photos. You definitely know your stuff.
+Thank you. I do love to photograph.
+Beautiful, beautiful pictures!!! I hope some day I can take pictures of such quality!! (I JUST started playing with a real camera–a few weeks ago, actually.)
+Also–I hope this isn’t me being too forward or overstepping my boundaries, if it is, I’m sorry!–but if your friend doesn’t end up buying your lens, I’ve been looking to buy EXACTLY that lens since I got this camera, so I may be very happy to buy it from you (if I can afford it!!).
+(Again, I’m sorry if I’m speaking out of my place!!) Love the photos–especially the bee ones!!
+Glad you enjoyed my photos. I would love to sell you the lens, but I have to wait on my friend. I was going to eBay it next.
+Wow! I’m having trouble finding other words. The Crocuses and Snowdrops are finally blooming here, too. They went from budless to pregnant buds to bright purple closed flowers today. I expect they will be open cerulean gems of beauty tomorrow morning. No pollinators yet, though. I think your lens (and definitely the photographer) is working just fine. 😉
+Things happen fast here. We get a few days in the 50’s and things start happening, then we get snow and all looks sad. It is the time of day that I see the bees. Late in the day for some reason.
+GORGEOUS shots.
+😀
+gorgeousness~
+Thanks!
+Gorgeous shots! I love crocuses, especially this year, when they were just about the only cheery thing outside as winter lingered well beyond the spring equinox.
+Thank you. The crocus is such a joyful flower.
+Been saving the posts to read this wekend when I saw this…no bees here but the peepers are awake…still been too cold of late for bees but perhaps in the next couple of days…lots of rain coming so little gardening…it hardly feels like spring and I have yet to get out in the garden at all except for a few shots of the blooms of iris reticulata and crocus…I spied some daffs and hyacinths gettings ready to bloom in a few days and even a few grape hyacinths…love the shots
+I had a few bees even a few weeks ago, but there was nothing in the garden for them. I just came back from a talk on bees by a local expert and she said we are in drought already this year. I am going to check her stats with Cornell, but think she might be right. We have not had rains yet.
+I love the gorgeous spring shots. Wonderfully captured! 🙂
+Thank you.
+Hi Donna, i’ve not been here for a while, missed some posts. We have a few birds here but my 40-150mm can’t get very clear focus at 150mm. So i am leaving the birds and long distance subjects and try looking for the small critters for the 35mm macro. That bee on the white crocus and yellow anthers is so nice.
+Thank you. Your photos are nice as well.
+Brilliant photographs Donna, I find that I am using my P510 quite a lot set on “macro close up” but it does tend to make me forget about my D90.
+I am the opposite. My P510 only comes out when I go to places where I could lose of damage the better cameras and lenses. But I have to admit that the P510 performed really well when I was in St. Lucia. What it did with hummingbirds astounded me. My better lenses only would have been a bit sharper, but much faster.
+I’d buy the camera and lenses if only someone would teach me how to use them. 🙂 Love, love, love, your photos.
+thank you. Would love to show you if I lived close.
+Nice hellebore, but I really love the bee hovering over the crocus—magical.
+Thank you.
+Why do you take your feeder down this time of year?
+I take them down to replace them with hummingbird feeders. The songbirds get fed at ground from trays until summer. They just get new dining accommodations. When summer hits, I stop feeding until Fall when they need to bulk up for winter. I live so close to the natural areas of meadows and forest, I try to encourage them to forage.
+Stunning shots all but my favorite is the blue jay. Every so often I get a flock of them here but now that I think about it I haven’t seen any lately. Lots of doing in the garden this weekend per your advice :).
+We have lots of jays here. Each year new ones are hatched behind my garage.
+Wonderful photos as always, but WHY are you taking your bird feeders down? The birds need the food to help with their nesting and raising their young; they may have become at least partially dependent on them during the winter.
+I guess I should have been more forthcoming. I take them down now for cleaning and replacing them with hummingbird feeders. The songbirds get moved to ground with trays there. I put out the seed my cockatoo does not eat everyday. Today, I put out all kinds of fruit and veggies. I could not believe he did not eat the pineapple, cherries, strawberries, oranges, watermelon etc. I was actually mad at him for all the work it takes me to cut up fruit and veggies for him.
+Exquisite photographs, Donna! You’ve made my day [again!]
+🙂
+Thank you.
+Beautiful!!!
+Thank you.
+I planted crocus last fall for the first time and am so glad. Your pictures make them shine!! Great action shots of the bees, especially love that one of the bee in flight.
+I was surprised to see the bee. The pollen it collected looked like a bag of shiny gold.
+Really beautiful close-ups! And lovely crocuses too!
+What is that blue bird called? Sorry, I don’t know many birds, but I am starting to get to know the birds in my own garden, I have finally got some more than just the pigeons that lives on my roof 🙂 I have blackbirds visiting every day and a couple of magpies are coming regularly too, they are having a good splash in my birdbath, so much that the bath is almost empty when they are finished and there’s water everywhere!
+I haven’t been able to capture it yet, I need a better lens, but it seems it will a bit longer till I get the lens on my wish list. I have been looking into buying second hand, but they cost around £100 so still a fair amount.
+I hope spring has arrived for you and that you enjoy the sunshine 🙂
+Glad the birds are visiting. Life in a garden is what makes the garden.
+Fantastic photos. I’m looking for a macro lens for my Canon. I have a super macro setting on an older Olympus camera that is fantastic, in fact it is the only thing I use the camer for now. So I’m looking for the same type of quality. Your posts are so interesting.
+Canon makes some nice equipment although I have never used any myself. Many of my friends are Canon users. Great lenses. The lens in this post is a very inexpensive lens to purchase new, but I was always amazed at the sharpness and fastness of this lens. I never had problems with it shooting birds i flight, unlike my 400mm. I need to really get to using it to become as comfortable with it as this 300mm. Every professional I talk to says my 80-400mm is a great lens. I just can’t say that as of yet.
+Love to see the bees busily buzzing the flowers. All of the pictures are great! This past weekend I saw this years’ first bumble bees in my garden.
+Bumbles have been in great decline around here. The bee expert I saw this weekend said it is becoming rather serious for certain species of bee.
+Donna, it was great seeing you and thank you so much giving me first dibs on buying the lens! It’s great and I love it already.
+I know you are going to love it and by seeing you use it today, are not going to experience that learning curve. Just remember not to get in too close. The lens will never focus and you will end up with just blur.
+Pingback: Spring Day Macro at f/22 |Photomiser
+In this tutorial, we are going to guide you through the whole process of configuring Debian based distributions for InnoDB cluster usage; the most popular being Ubuntu. We will address the steps from the initial configurations, to the cluster creation, and finally the MySQL Router configuration to map the data traffic.
+A real world setup
+In a real world setup (as opposed to one using sandboxes), one would use actual server hosts, however for explanatory purposes we will use Virtual machines to simulate a real server farm as described in the previous tutorial.
+Prerequisites
+sudo
+To properly configure the hosts for InnoDB cluster we need
+sudo to execute commands with super-user privileges.
+To install it run the following commands
+To configure it, open the sudoers file and add your user and set the required permissions:
+Press ctrl+o and then enter to save the file. Press ctrl+x to close the file.
+Python
+Python is required to use MySQL Shell, please open a terminal and install it.
+Hostname mapping
+For this tutorial, we assume that the hostname mapping is already done. If not, then please consider configuring the host file before continuing. Hostname mapping is required in order to map a valid hostname to an IP.
+Ubuntu’s default hostname looks like the following:
+To configure the host mapping, edit the hosts file:
+Add the IP(s) of your host(s) and the name(s). Press ctrl+o and then enter to save the file. Press ctrl+x to close the file.
+The file should have the following entrances:
+Note: Ubuntu will configure a loopback interface (127.0.1.1) for the hostname by default. Make sure to remove the loopback interface entry as it can’t be used to connect from other hosts.
+In case you don’t have the sudo package installed in Debian, please install it and configure it properly.
+Install the MySQL APT repository
+Open a terminal and use wget to download the official APT repository and then install the package:
+Once the installation of the APT repository completes, update the repositories:
+Install MySQL Server and MySQL Shell
+Type the following command in the terminal to install MySQL Server and MySQL Shell:
+During the installation, you need to set a password for MySQL root user.
+Ubuntu screenshot
+When the installation finish start MySQL Shell using root user, type the password for root when asked for it:
+Configure the local instance calling the following function, and type the password for the user when prompted:
+MySQL Shell will find the default configuration file and ask you if it is ok to modify it, type “Y”. Since root cannot do remote logins, you have three options to continue with the configuration: enable the remote connections for root, create a new user or not enable remote connections for root neither create a new user.
+Ubuntu screenshot
+In this tutorial, we choose to create a new user.
+You will see a report with the changes made by MySQL Shell and a message saying that you need to restart the MySQL service to apply them.
+Ubuntu screenshot
+Quit MySQL Shell:
+mysql-js> \q
+Then restart the MySQL Service
+At this point, the host is ready to be part of an InnoDB cluster.
+Install MySQL Router
+The next step is to install MySQL Router, which provides you the ability to hide your network configuration behind a proxy and map the data requests to the cluster.
+Normally, MySQL Router is installed in the client machine. However, for this tutorial we will install it on one of the machines.
+In a terminal run the following command:
+Once the installation of MySQL Router finish, it’s time to create a cluster.
+SSL and IP White List
+Before continuing, we need to pause to mention some important aspects regarding security.
+If you’re using MySQL Server Community edition you may not have SSL enabled on your Server. You can verify it by running the following command in a terminal:
+You shall verify the value of the variables “have_openssl” and “have_ssl”, if the value is “YES” you have SSL enabled, if not then you don’t. In the case that you don’t have SSL enabled and want to have it enabled on your server you can use the mysql_ssl_rsa_setup tool. The mysl_ssl_rsa_setup tool generates the SSL certificate and key files as well as the RSA key-pair files required to support secure connections using SSL, the only requirement to use it is to have the openssl binary in the path environment. You can use the tool by executing the following command:
+Where the value given to the “–datadir” option is the place where the certificate shall be created, which should be the MySQL data directory. If that option is not given, mysql_ssl_rsa_setup uses by default the MySQL compiled data directory when MySQL Server was installed or the specified in the mysqld.cnf file.
+Create and manage InnoDB Cluster using SSL
+If you have decided to enable SSL, when creating the cluster and adding instances to it you must provide the ipWhitelist option parameter to specify the range of IPs that are going to be permitted to connect to the cluster. The ipWhiteList variable value is set to “AUTOMATIC” by default, which permits connections just from private subnetworks on the host where the cluster is created.
+Also you can specify the SSL mode that is going to be used to configure the members of a cluster using the memberSslMode parameter. You have the following options:
+- REQUIRED: if used, SSL (encryption) will be enabled for the instances to communicate with other members of the cluster.
+- DISABLED: if used, SSL (encryption) will be disabled.
+- AUTO: if used, SSL (encryption) will be enabled if supported by the instance, otherwise disabled.
+By default ‘AUTO’ it’s used even if it’s not specified.
+Create an InnoDB cluster
+Open a terminal and start MySQL Shell:
+Then create a classic session to the host using the user created in the configuration step and the hostname of the host:
+Ubuntu screenshot
+Now create a cluster assigning the return value to a variable for later usage:
+Remember to use the ipWhitelist option in case you have SSL enabled
+You will see a couple of messages with information about the cluster creation and the function required to add instances to it:
+Ubuntu screenshot
+Using SSL
+In the following example a cluster is created using the ipWhiteList option and setting SSL as required for all the members of the cluster:
+The first address is the range of the IP’s of our host, the second IP is the localhost. You can add multiple IP ranges separating them by a comma. The number after the slash is the number of network bits when using CIDR values.
+The following command is an example of the usage of the ipWhiteList and memberSslMode options to add a new instance to a cluster:
+Remember to set the same memberSslMode value set in the cluster creation if it’s not ‘AUTO’, when you try to add a new instance to the cluster.
+Once the cluster creation is complete, you can see the status of the cluster calling the following function:
+Ubuntu screenshot
+To add new instances use the following command, be sure to use a valid user and ip of an already configured host:
+Remember to use the ipWhitelist option in case you have SSL enabled
+Type the password for the user when prompted. Add as many hosts as you want in your cluster, and take in mind that at least three are required to have tolerance to one failure.
+Here you can see that all the instances in the cluster are online:
+Persist cluster configuration
+In order to persist the cluster configuration of each instance, so if a restart happens the instances automatically rejoin the cluster, we must use the dba.configureLocalInstance() again on each instance. The command will update the my.cnf files with the parameters necessary for the automatic rejoin on the cluster on startup.
+Run the following commands, locally on each instance:
+Using MySQL Router
+Now, it’s time to bootstrap our Router. Open a new terminal and type the following command, and type the password for the user when requested:
+With the previous command the following it’s done:
+- A specific configuration for the cluster “myCluster” it’s created, MySQL Router got connected to the cluster and extracted the metadata to run by itself
+- A directory named “myrouter” is created in “home” and it contains the configuration required by MySQL Router to run
+- Four TCP ports are generated to get connected to the cluster: rean only and read-write for classic protocol and X ptrotocol.
+To start MySQL Router run the following command:
+To stop MySQL Router, in a terminal run the stop script generated:
+Remote Connection
+Now we can get connected to the cluster using the IP generated by MySQL Router. The following screenshot is from a Windows host that is connected to the cluster using the read/write port:
+And the following screenshot is from a windows host that it’s connected to the cluster using the read-only port:
+Remember that to be able to connect to a remote host using its name, you should configure the host mapping in Windows as well. The file to edit it’s in the directory “C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts”, once you configure the host mapping the file should looks like:
+Conclusion
+You’ve acquired the knowledge to configure hosts for cluster usage, as well as create cluster and add instances to it. Also, you have learned the basics to bootstrap a cluster and to create a proxy for remote connections to map the data traffic using MySQL Router. The environment can be tested as described in a previous tutorial.
+You’ve certainly realized how simple and easy to use is the collection of products provided by MySQL to create a high availability environment.
+See you in the next blog post!
+7 thoughts on “MySQL InnoDB Cluster – Real-World Cluster Tutorial for Ubuntu and Debian”
+Hi, Thank you very much for this well written tutorial.
+When I try to create the cluster using “var cluster = dba.createCluster(‘devCluster’)” command, it gives me an error saying that : “Query failed – START GROUP_REPLICATION …” command failed.
+Above is the logs from MySQL Shell :
+2017-04-28 10:13:10: Error: Requested session assumes MySQL X Protocol but ‘mysql-primary:3306’ seems to speak the classic MySQL protocol
+2017-04-28 10:13:10: Warning: Closing session: root@mysql-primary:3306
+2017-04-28 10:13:53: Info: Joining ‘mysql-primary:3306′ to group using account root@mysql-primary:3306
+2017-04-28 10:13:53: Info: DBA: mysqlprovision: Executing /usr/bin/mysqlprovision start-replicaset –instance=root@mysql-primary:3306 –replication-user=mysql_innodb_cluster_r1718518156@’%’ –ssl-mode=REQUIRED –stdin –log-format=json -xV 2.0
+2017-04-28 10:13:53: Error: DBA: mysqlprovision exited with error code (1) : {“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “STEP”, “msg”: “Running start command on ‘mysql-primary@3306′.”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “STEP”, “msg”: “Checking Group Replication prerequisites.”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Comparing options compatibility with Group Replication… FAIL”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “Incompatible server configuration has been updated.”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Checking server version… PASS”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “Server is 5.7.18”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Checking that server_id is unique… PASS”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “The server_id is valid.”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “The user root@’mysql-primary’ does not exists on ‘mysql-primary@3306’ and requires to be created.”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Checking user privileges… PASS”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Checking compliance of existing tables… PASS”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Verifying Group Replication plugin for server ‘mysql-primary@3306’ …”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “Initializing group_replication plugin on ‘mysql-primary@3306′”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “STEP”, “msg”: “Group Replication group name: ’61b58746-2bfb-11e7-a949-080027a01fee'”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “INFO”, “msg”: “* Running change master command”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “STEP”, “msg”: “Attempting to start the Group Replication group…”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}{“type”: “ERROR”, “msg”: “Error starting cluster: ‘mysql-primary@3306’ – Query failed. 3096 (HY000): The START GROUP_REPLICATION command failed as there was an error when initializing the group communication layer.. Query: START group_replication”, “time”: “2017-04-28 11:13:53 AM”}
+2017-04-28 10:13:53: Error: ERROR: Error starting cluster: ‘mysql-primary@3306’ – Query failed. 3096 (HY000): The START GROUP_REPLICATION command failed as there was an error when initializing the group communication layer.. Query: START group_replication
+2017-04-28 10:13:53: Error: Dba.createCluster: ERROR: Error starting cluster: ‘mysql-primary@3306’ – Query failed. 3096 (HY000): The START GROUP_REPLICATION command failed as there was an error when initializing the group communication layer.. Query: START group_replication
+What’s wrong?
+Thanks
+Hello.
+Seeing the error log, this message it’s the one that seems is causing the problem:
+“The user root@’mysql-primary’ does not exists on ‘mysql-primary@3306’ and requires to be created.”
+Verify that in your server the user root@mysql-primary or root@% exists.
+Also if you can share as well the log from MySQL Server to complement the MySQL Shell log will be great, we will have a better view to try to find the issue.
+Thanks for your time.
+Hi,
+it is possible to have multiple router instances in separate machines routing tough the cluster?
+The thing is that having a single MySQL Router instance creates a single point of failure, so Im planning to create multiple application instances each with their own local router instance. Is it possible?
+Another question: What about “SELECT FOR UPDATE” statement, I understand that read operations (SELECT`s) are load balanced across read replicas… but what about “SELECT FOR UPDATE”? I think that should be routed to master or propagated to its slaves as this statement is used to avoid race conditions.
+Regards!
+While you could spin a server solely for the purpose of running the router and run all your connections through it, that doesn’t scale too well as the router can only sustain 500 connections. And as you said, from a HA perspective you would now have to spin at least two and stick a load balancer in front of them which makes the deployment more complicated.
+The recommendation from the MySQL folks is that the router gets installed on the client machine accessing the database. That’s your App server or the workstation used by a developer. So if you have multiple App servers accessing the databases, each would get a router installed on them. Then on your app you define the connection to 127.0.0.1 and the read/write port that router spits out when it is bootstrapped, usually 6446.
+Content Count6,774
+Joined
+Last visited
+About GentleLake
+- RankSenior Member
+Profile Information
+- GenderNot Telling
+Recent Profile Visitors.
+Report on the EAOD Research Project
+GentleLake replied to Eileen Stein's topic in Health and GeneticsYour second sentence is the reason you should consider having your EAOD dog tested. It's only by having more dogs tested that the true implications of this disease can be accurately calculated. Back before hip X-rays were routine I sent films a very obviously dysplastic dog in to OFA so that her info would be entered into the stats. How can you hope to ever see a true carrier/affected rate if you don't test and submit the data? Withholding positives on these things only skews our understanding of how widespread conditions like these are. And isn't there a chance that having the DNA of more affected carriers, as opposed to at risk but not actually affected, could eventually lead to discoveries about why penetrance is incomplete? IMO it's money well spent.
+Puppy Prices?
+GentleLake replied to GentleLake's topic in General Border Collie DiscussionThanks, everyone. I was pretty incredulous when they told me that and was pretty sure I wasn't that out of touch. Thanks for confirming it for me.
+- Some other book suggestions would be Emma Parson's Click to Calm and Fired Up, Frantic and Out of Control: Training Crazy Dogs from Over the Top to Out of Control by Laura VanArendonk Baugh.
+Meet Anzley Grace
+GentleLake replied to Saydrin44's topic in General Border Collie DiscussionWhat kind of tasks is she doing for you as a service dog?
+BC pup fussy feeder
+GentleLake replied to dumbbird7's topic in General Border Collie DiscussionI agree w/ SS Cressa. My first border collie wasn't into food at all. I'd have had to force feed him to get him to eat any more than he did. (I didn't; he was fine.) It's more important puppies eat regularly for good growth, but if he's growing, healthy and active and eating all he wants to, I don't think I'd worry about it. If he's not growing, is lethargic or showing any signs of illness then I'd be talking to my vet about it.
+Advice about transporting a yellow lab
+GentleLake replied to urge to herd's topic in Coffee BreakThey may try Adaptil in the car too.
+Herding chickens?
+GentleLake replied to iLLt3cK's topic in Livestock ManagementChickens don't flock like some animals and that puts some dogs off. My experience with backyard chickens varied. One dog was amazing with chickens, and he worked them much more gently than he did sheep. That made it easy to fine tune his work and teach him new things because he was very keen but could also be tough and if he'd get frustrated with the sheep would have a tendency to grip. We had 5 hens and 1 rooster, who was the devil incarnate. He'd attack anything and everything. Mirk didn't put up with much from the sheep but would allow the rooster to attack him exactly 4 times without disciplining him. The 5th time though he'd grab the rooster and gently mouth him, never causing the least harm except perhaps the the rooster's ego. Another dog, who was far easier to work on sheep, tried the chickens a time or 2. When they didn't react like the sheep did and just scattered rather than flocking she'd stand in the middle of them, turn and give me a very distinct WTF look and walk away. Couldn't convince her they were worth her time. I don't think it was simply a matter of power; although different, neither dog had any difficulty controlling sheep. But one was respected by the chickens and would move wherever the dog wanted them to go while they really didn't pay much attention to the other. I've only had Rhode Island reds so have no insight into whether there'd be a difference. Border collies are often used to herd ducks, geese and even turkeys, though I have no experience with these. Got either some ducklings or goslings (I think the latter) with the intention of using them for some backyard training but got rid of them after 3 days or so. Filthy things that I really didn't want to raise in my smallish back yard and they'd have been fox bait at the pasture.
+How to get Kevin to wear a cone?
+GentleLake replied to KevTheDog's topic in General Border Collie DiscussionI'm really not even sure why people use those awful rigid cones anymore for most* situations where a dog would need to wear one.They're so cumbersome it's no mystery why dogs don't like to wear them. Though they're not perfect for all uses -- *they do allow access for dogs to reach some areas that cones will prevent -- for the times they work as needed inflatable "donut" type collars are so much more comfortable and so much less restrictive than hard plastic cones. The dog's vision isn't restricted in the same way and they don't bump into things so much, so in my (limited) experience they don't object to them or get that hangdog attitude the do with cones There are now a lot of companies making them so something to consider is that it should be deep and wide enough to restrict as much access as possible. It's also possible that Kevin might not object to a soft cone quite so much. I'm not sure how different ones are constructed, but this one seems to have some very useful adaptations. A completely different alternative might be a body suit. There are some made with legs too.
+Fearful dog - snappy zoomies
+GentleLake replied to EmilyandMaddox's topic in General Border Collie DiscussionThere's a god chance at this age that he's going through a fear period, quite normal at this age. The best thing for you to do is remain as calm and upbeat as possible and to do your best to calm him without going over the line to reinforcing his fears. IOW don't baby him. Be matter of fact, do what you need to do to calm him down then continue on your way like nothing's happened. If you can anticipate whatever will set him off start before he reacts by being upbeat and happy and just moving along like it's no big deal. His reaction is a bit extreme, but with some help on your part he should grow out of it.
+Puppy Prices?
+GentleLake posted a topic in General Border Collie DiscussionIt's been a very long time since I've bought a border collie. For the past 16 years my dogs have been rescues. Not having a lot of success finding a rescue I've started to investigate other avenues for finding a dog who can continue to do pet therapy work with me. I called some folks who a couple days ago advertised border collie puppies in the local newspaper. It turns out they're not terribly local, an hour away. They have 2 pups from an April 23rd whelping and 7 from an accidental litter whelped on May 17th. They directed me to the FB page where there are pics of at least 6 adult Labs, 6 adult border collies, 2 adult goldens and an adult JRT along with a couple photos of a stall (they also train horses) full of both border collie and Lab puppies. ABCA registered but none of the border collies in 4 generations have worked more than to go out in the pasture and bring the horses in. A couple pups have gone to dairy farmers whose dogs bring the cows back to the barn for milking (we all know how hard that is ). The BC great grandfather was imported from Wales and had "DNA testing he needed to be imported." (Is there any such requirement?) Otherwise there've been no health checks of any kind, though they state that there haven't been any health problems in any of their dogs. They're asking $1000 for these 18 and 15 week old pups that they haven't been able to sell. Is this what people are getting for border collie puppies these days? And before anyone asks, no, I'm not going to buy one of them.
+- You might also want to look into Emma Parsons' book Click to Calm: Healing the Reactive/Aggressive Dog. Don't be put off by the subtitle; it's just as valuable for overstimulated dogs as it is for aggressive ones. There are also some Youtube videos on the technique. It's actually very much like what D'Elle describes except that it's even more basic than asking for the dog's attention on you; it's reinforcing the dog for even the smallest moments when s/he's not actively looking for something to focus on and react to. I once fostered a reactive, overstimulated dog. I did a private session with a local trainer who's well versed in the technique. After the initial lesson we were talking and he just kept tossing treats around the room for the dog. It was a while before I realized that even though he didn't seem to be paying attention on the dog he was, and was just constantly reinforcing her for just wandering around the room not looking for anything to react to and that it actually did have a calming effect on her. There's no getting around it; it takes time and patience. But it works. ETA: We were writing at the same time and I see you're thinking in terms of rewarding Tama for paying attention to you. I'd suggest rewarding him for even a millisecond of not reacting, the instant he breaks his concentration on looking for something to react to. You'll often miss it at first, but you'll get better with practice too. Good luck.
+- To the great insights you've already received I'm going to add one thing: it sounds to me like you may have an anxious pup. If so, it might be worth considering taking him to a vet familiar with using CBD oil. Some are having great results with microdosing for anxiety. Another possibility might be fluoxetine or something similar. Though she still has a way to go it, helped my anxious lurcher, so I'll be starting her on CBD oil as soon as I can make an app't w/ the holistic vet.
+Question about colour! Newborn puppies!
+GentleLake replied to dreizehn's topic in Health and GeneticsI also notice in the photo that the merle is also mostly white. Be prepared for a lot of people questioning whether it's a double merle and whether it'll have vision and/or hearing impairment. Between that one and the white headed one, the entire litter's at risk for pigment related hearing issues. Could warrant BAER testing of the litter.
+Happy 10th Anniversary of GHSP, Friends..
+Chapter 22
+It was almost a week, from her departure..and after that nightmare yesterday, he couldn’t sleep a ounce, but Maan didn’t know why his heart aching badly just getting flashes of the nightmare, he spent the whole night in gym, remembering about her.
+It was next morning he heard his cell ringing, not wasting a second more he answered the call, Geet??
+Sam was startled hearing him calling out Geet’s name,
+Maan, you didn’t find her yet??
+Hearing sams voice instead of Geet, Maan was highly disappointed, what’s wrong?? He asked instead replying her question.
+Aaj mera Birthday hai, as well as Geet’s..will you come?
+Hearing her, Maan’s face Insta light up to get glimpses of her, Geet’s Birthday!? shewill be there for sure as it’s her birthday,
+We celebrate it together, so I guess she should be there with me, too.
+I wish she should come back to celebrate our birthday, as every year we do it together. Sam said with fake sadness but Maan was lost in his own happiness on finding Geet there to notice her voice.
+Alright. I will be there. And he cut the call hurriedly.
+…
+He was in do good mood, as he got ready happily standing before the mirror, the reason was offcourse his wife, he thought he will finally see her after this long while unknown of the fact that she had already gone far from his reach taking his precious possession of his heart, and baby..
+With Geet’s face in his mind , he baught one beautiful diamond necklace for her, and got pack one diamond bracelet for Sam, taking both girls birthday gifts he rushed his car to the destination.
+…
+Reaching to Handa Mansion, he saw lots of celebrities and expensive cars parked out.
+He walked inside with his own charishma,that left crowd of girls sighs , they kept gapping at him,
+Sam welcome him with a hug, she was wearing skimpy outfit, that reveals almost everything.
+Oh..Maan..I am so glad you came, she pulled him on the dance floor, both swings softly on the music but he was just lost looking at the entrance waiting for her.
+After a while Maan pulled back giving her gift which she got happily in her hands, beaming to get such a costly gift.
+Where is Geet?? Didn’t she come?? He asked finally. His restless for her could clearly seen in his chocolate eyes and Sam fumed silently hearing him but she kept control on herself, she would come, Maan, it’s her birthday, there is no reason for her to not show at her own party. Just then both heard laughing sound and looked back to find Anna with a mocking smile on her face,
+She was wearing beautiful gown and looking beautiful unlike sam, her dress was more gracious hidding her modesty.
+What’s so funny to laugh, Sam scorns
+Today is your birthday , but not Geet’s, she reveals shocking Maan to the core, he looked back at Sam then Anna, surely furious to know it.
+How come?? Her birthday is not today??but from last few years I am attending their every birthday party.
+You attend every year, MK but not Geet’s it’s only sams, Geet have her birthday week ago..so they celebrate her birthday with sam.ask her parents if you don’t believe me.
+Sam was horrified now, she glared at Anna, how did she knew it.. her fist tighten in anger,
+Geet never celebrate her own birthday, she became her shadow after she came to this house!! Anna blasted furiously. Days like this lived 20 years ,
+A week back, it was her birthday, do you know??
+Hearing Anna, Maan went into flashback of that night,
+Maan, hum mar jayenge.. stay with me , sirf aaj ki raat.
+Her words buzz, the way she has been wearing that beautiful yellow dress, so serene an he’s yet seductive and sexy, it was my birthday gift. Her words buzz in his mind, his heart twitched, becane restless then there was unbearable pain in it, hus hand rested on his chest, where heart resides, that day, she acted weird, he thought reminding about her anger and outburst which he had never face before that night, then she first time begged him to stay with her,
+Why it is so paining here, he thought putting his palm on chest, where his heart was paining, for her!? How can it be!?
+Anna walked before Sam glaring her furiously, you know what?? I hate Geet before I met her thinking she is lowest person ,
+But after meeting you, I came to know, she must have done something terrible wrong in her past life to meet you in this life.
+Sam was burning in rage hearing her insulting words, she has her fist tighten in rage,
+You wanna take her place?? Anna said making Sam gasp,
+She is not dead, has her own birthday,
+You got me wrong!! Sam act innocently.
+I have my eyes and mind, to see things clearly, I believe what I see, do you think me as blind dumb like MK.
+Maan was dumbfounded hearing her, he started to fumed listening her words, he marched towards Anna, facing her with his pure rage, where is she?
+Who?
+Geet..you know where is she, right?
+Why would I tell you..
+If you don’t want to mess your career..
+I have already left the entertainment industry for your kind information, Anna has every answers to shut him today, she was furious as well to faced this demon who had destroyed her angel friend.
+When she met you last time, what did she said you?? She asked furiously, her voice raising taking everyone’s attention.
+Maan stood silent, reminding her words from that night, while ana continue, she told me, she woke up from her dream,
+Guess what we talk that night??? We talk that night about, Funeral..her funeral..
+Maan Singh Khurana, does your heart ach?? She poke her finger on his chest, where heart resides, Maan just watched her clueless, slowly her words sipping down in his head.
+What do you mean ?? He knew something terrible to come up and as she spoke, his whole shaken up, he took a step back.
+It means, Geet is dying, MK. She has stomach cancer.
+He felt his hands shaking , heart clinch in great pain just hearing her words. He was in great shock right now, stood rooted to the spot.
+You know, Geet can’t have spicy food, but because of her do called sister, she had it for more than twenty years.
+For those months, she waited for you every night, to come back from work, to have dinner with you..
+But you purposely made her wait and then she had to ate it in midnight.
+Tell me, Mk, is that the right time to eat?? Anna blasted, what do you think, how did she get stomach cancer, ?
+Maan was shock beyond his wits, cancer?? How didn’t he knew??
+Maan rembered the night, Handas and Sam were pestering her to eat spicy food, Sam even said it’s her fav but it’s not..
+What was her fault in all this,
+you even have sex with her every night, you didn’t got how much lose her weight, just lost in satisfying your sexual desires, she was just sex tool for you, isn’t it MK, Anna shouted out of rage as all her friends sufferings and she has to go through alone, came to her mind.
+MK, I had asked once to Geet, if she had regreted it??
+You know what she said, Anna looked at Maan, her eyes filling up while maan looked on desperately waiting for her to continue..
+She told, for those four months, people were speaking bad on her back, talking Ill about her, b****, s*** what not she heard.
+Maan closed his eyes in pain, for he knew he also had used the same words for her.
+She knew how horrible those words were, and do their insulting talks, but all she care about being with you, to love you selfless.
+She said me, she had no time to care about this all, the only thing she did was to loved a man named Maan..
+Maan Singh Khurana, the woman who loves you the most in the world is about to die..Anna spoke nonchalantly walking back, she got herself glass full of wine, from now on you can live your life alone she scoff turning back to face him, jaisa tum chahte the, ho Gaya..you achieve it, aren’t you?? She gritted her teeth.
+Maan just looked at her, gulping the knot down his throat, he couldn’t bear the pain cursing through his heart hearing her words,
+There will be no woman named Geet who loves you insanely..
+So celebrate your lose…MK..
+And she started to walked out but before that she stop again reaching near Maan, she turned to face him and muttered angrily, you deserve it!! And just rushed out from there giving him realisation of many things.
+Maan looked at her retreating figure, stood daze for a while, gossiping was going around all the while, he then turned back to Sam, his anger was coming back, he looked at her for a while, is she same sweet girl from his childhood memories .. but then what was that what Anna said just now.. thinking so he asked,who’s birthday is it today?? He asked directly with his red burning eyes that Sam couldn’t lie to him anymore, it’s mine, but Geet and I have only few days gap, so mom dad thought to celebrate it together,
+Geet, don’t eat spicy food, you know that? He again spited at her, today he couldn’t be in peace.
+My family eat spicy food , me and Geet have every meal together since we were young. How couldn’t I notice it before, Sam again fake innocent.
+Maan was burning like a volcano from inside, as he could easily make out, she is faking innocence, but he kept his calm knowing he can’t do anything now, when he was also responsible for Geet’s current state.
+He just rushed outside without giving her second look, sams parents tried to stop him but he was already gone.
+He was feeling damn angry on Handas right now, what parents she have, don’t even care about their daughter, what happened to her and completely neglected her.
+He thought about Geet, how much she has suffered, must be in pain all alone, his eyes moisten, he have no right to say anything to anyone, when his own behaviour was so despicable towards her, how he acted with her, all his cruelty and events started to flash before him, making him drown in guilt, he put his head down feeling shamefull, then this heart-wrenching pain, he was so stupid and blind by his hatred for her that didn’t even realise, he has unconsiously fallen for her..his wife.
+Geet.. he murmured, I am sorry.. words left from his mouth, but there was no she to listen to him, he was alone in the silent night.
+….
+Precap :-
+So all this year’s..I have been wrong about the whole thing??
+I told you guys..there is a suspense in the story..
+here it’s gonna reveal in next chapter..wait..and do like and lots of comments.
+Don’t know how it had come out.. ignore errors..updated from phone.
+Here is Anniversary Special MG VM
+27 thoughts on “KYON KI..CHAPTER 22”
+Awesome update Mugdha, finally some part of truth is revealed to Maan. Anna nailed it. Was waiting for the update since morning, hehe. Thanks
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+I am sorry to make you wait ..😋
+Really wonderful update. Finally maan realised what he done to geet. Please update soon can’t wait to read the next part
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Wonderful update finally maan came to know half of the truth…Anna told each and every point clearly….which made maan overthink about his behavior…and he is regretting his deeds and agreed that he is already fallen for his geet….now what will happen when he come to know about his baby.. curious to know dear… waiting to read more ❤️ 😘
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Let’s see..what he will do now..
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Anna’s anger coming out like this ,she know geet suffer from and her health Maan deserve this nice part
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Interesting.
+Wow! What a update, marvelous.
+Loved anna.
+She did right by revealing the truth to maan.
+It was an eye opener for him.
+Such a dhamaakedaar revelation.
+He was shocked by the revelations.
+Maan realized Sam n her parents are at fault.
+He is now realizing his own mistakes.
+He has realised he was wrong in torturing her, he has given her so much pain. He is guilty. He has realised that he has fallen for her, finally.
+Now I guess is the time for his pain n struggle to win geet’s love.
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thanks 🤗
+Happy anniversary of GHSP TO u too dear coming to updates finally finally someone made maan realize his mistake and a superb slap to Sam wonderful update and emotional too waiting to see wat maan ll do for geet now m in love with Anna superb
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Let’s see..what he will do now..
+Wonderful update finally Maan realized his mistakes stil he should know about the baby… Make him suffer a little more and earn geet trust….
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Yeah he realised it finally.
+Let’s see..
+Its time for the truth to come out!!!
+Maan is missing geet and he believes that she will go to her birthday party. Sam has laid a good plan but i guess its time for someone to mess with her plan.
+Anna is my favourite!! She came and told some facts to maan. All this time she saw her friend suffer in the hands of the man who is her life. Geet is ill and she doesn’t have much time. Maan is broken with the truth and wants to know where geet is. Anna has told everything that geet couldn’t say all this years. But she never said where is geet and she did right. Maan is equally responsible with sam and the others for geets condition. He now needs to hurt like she did. Geet needs her peace and time with her baby and friend. Its her time and she must enjoy.
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Yeah let’s see..what happens now..
+Superb update…
+Atlast he came to know about her disease and handas fakeness,Anna is just bang on,she give them befitting reply,he is shattered to know the truth,the guilt is coming,he knows he doesn’t have the voice to tell anyone anything as he did that type of things to her,The hurt he gave her is huge, excited to read wt is in store for next,missed geet in this update..
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Let’s see..
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Mind blowing update and I totally liked each everything when Anna was saying to Maan he diserve it and thanks for the update
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Thanks for an amazing and terrific update. .u r an awsum writer..i am so happy by reading this update.the way maan is suffering i would love to see him on roads with this restlessness.plzzzz make maan suffer more and more…
+Maan has started getting feeling the pain of possessiveness,bonding,relationship and above all love .he came to know about her disease and handas fakeness,Anna she is very nice to geet n she is only one in this world who lovs geet. it is time for maan to feel some pain but still geet is in more miserable condition plz bring her out of this situation
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Let’s see, he will surely feel her pain now .
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Anna reveled many things to Maan. She didn’t reveal about the baby though.
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Maan will know soon about baby..
+Fabulous update n Sam invite maan for birthday party saying it’s her n geet birthday party n maan thought to meet geet their but geet didn’t came so he ask Sam about geet n Anna came there n told today is not geet birthday n told him some truth of Sam n her family n how blindly maan believe them n how he behaves with geet n also told him about geet having cancer n maan regretting his deeds n thnxx for pm me
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Thank you🤗
+Yeah, he regretting now..
+Anna you nailed it
+👍👍👍👍
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Alfred de Zayas --
+Abstract – Geneva 16 May 2011
+AEDIDH Consultation 16. Mai 2011
+Alfred de Zayas: THE ADDED VALUE OF THE HUMAN RIGHT TO PEACE
+Professors Heinz and Villan Duran have already described the normative
+basis of the human right to peace and the progress made toward
+adoption of a relevant declaration.
+Whereas it would be difficult to oppose peace as a human right,
+many believe that there is no need for the codification of such
+a right, and are sceptical about its justiciability.
+As I expressed in the UN workshop in December 2009, I do believe
+that the codification of the human right to peace makes sense,
+and that there is an added value to be harvested.
+First of all, I believe that it is useful to define the aspiration
+of civil society, to take coordinates, to give a name to it. Nomen
+est omen. Once we have a Declaration, we can talk about it
+and move forward.
+Secondly, I believe that the right to peace is actually an immanent
+right and a component of many human rights that already constitute
+hard law.
+Thirdly, I see the human right to peace as an enabling right that
+allows us to fully enjoy civil, political, economic, social and
+cultural rights.
+Fourthly,.
+Among the questions to be examined by this consultation are whether
+abstract concepts such as peace, justice or equality should be
+codified.
+The fact is that civil society wants it. The fact is that
+the Human Rights Council has entrusted the drafting to the Advisory
+Committee and that the Advisory Committee has progressed significantly
+in preparing such a codification.
+Suffice it to say that the right to equality has been codified
+in Article 26 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, that
+this right is invoked by individuals under the Optional Protocol
+procedure, and that there is ample case-law of the Human Rights
+Committee that has led to changes in legislation by several States
+parties to the ICCPR. The right to equality as an autonomous right
+is now European Law b y virtue of Protocol 12 to the ECHR.
+Suffice it to say that the right to justice, at least the right
+to justice rendered by a competent and independent tribunal has
+been codified in article 14 of the ICCPR and that the Human Rights
+Committee continues to produce very concrete jurisprudence on the
+many aspects of the right to justice.
+Now, as far as the right to peace, which appears to be a more elusive
+right, the Human Rights Committee has dealt with aspects of the
+right to peace associated with the right to life, article 6 of
+the Covenant. And this is not merely the right not to be subjected
+to extra-judicial execution, or the aspiration that capital punishment
+shall one day be universally abolished – the right to life
+entails the right to food, to health, and to security of person.
+It is a very broad right and the Committee has issued not only
+relevant case-law, but also two important general comments, also
+focusing on the issues of disappearance, disarmament, weapons of
+mass destruction, including nuclear weapons.
+What, then, is the sense of this consultation? I think that
+everyone here understands that the process is in itself valuable,
+notwithstanding the ultimate result. The process allows us
+to sharpen our minds and to focus more clearly on the components
+of the right to peace and on the possibilities of promotion and
+enforcement.
+As has already been noted, the right to peace cannot be limited
+to issues of security, which are properly the domain of the Security
+Council. The right to peace goes well beyond considerations
+of security, sovereignty, disarmament and R2P.
+The added value of the right to peace can be the adoption of a
+new paradigm. I propose that we abandon the artificial concepts
+of first, second and third generation rights, which entail value
+judgments that are not universal, and that we test a new functional
+paradigm, whereby we look at human rights from the perspective
+of its functions in a system deriving from the concept of human
+dignity. Thus, I would propose a paradigm of
+I propose that we abandon the obsolete perspective that separates
+civil and political from economic, social and cultural rights. This
+is not only a semantic exercise. It requires a functional
+evolution in our philosophy of human rights.
+On 6 January 1941 Franklin Roosevelt proclaimed the Four Freedoms – namely
+freedom of speech and worship, freedom from want and from fear
+It is clear that he deliberately addressed two fundamental civil
+rights – the right to freedom of speech and religion --
+and two enabling, and simultaneously, end rights – the freedom
+from want, which entails conditions that are necessary for the
+human right to peace, and the freedom from fear, which entails
+conditions that liberate men and women from the threat or use of
+force, and by extension, from structural violence. It entails the
+human security paradigm.
+If men and women fully enjoy freedom from fear, this means that
+they already enjoy the human right to peace – and vice versa.
+What do we need in order to achieve the human right to peace?
+Obviously the adoption of a declaration will not ensure peace,
+as indeed the adoption of the UN Charter and, in particular, article
+2, paragraph 4, has not guaranteed world peace.
+But the process in itself is necessary, because it sensitizes individuals
+and governments on the multiple facets of the right to peace, and
+constitutes a form of education that benefits all participants. It
+this work-in-progress, fine-tuning can be performed as the process
+of codification advances, and as monitoring possibilities become
+apparent.
+The International Observatory created pursuant to the Declaración
+de Santiago de Compostela is a good example how civil society can
+be fully integrated in this process.
+The Spanish Society for International Human Rights law that spearheaded
+the Declaracion de Santiago has also prepared a comparative analysis
+of the 1984 General Assembly Declaration on the Right of Peoples
+to Peace and the Advisory Committee’s progress report.
+This analysis summarizes the reasons to adopt a new normative Declaration
+on the human right to peace within the United Nations, as requested
+by civil society. Let me briefly comment on them:
+I would go beyond that – I would say that it would give
+all UN agencies the responsibility to mainstream the human right
+to peace into their work, thus promoting the Purposes and Principles
+of the United Nations laid down in articles 1 and 2 of the Charter
+I would suggest that the Declaration would lend weight to the
+common commitment to save succeeding generations from the scourge
+of war by ensuring the conditions of universal peace
+This is also a goal of another civil society initiative, Project
+2048 of Berkeley University, pursuant to which we endeavour to
+do a restatement of the law of human rights which would be built
+on the new paradigms outlined above
+Some may comment that the human right to peace is only a duplication
+of what already exists in the core human rights treaties. I
+would comment: there can never be enough emphasis on human rights,
+and a little duplication certainly does not hurt. On the contrary,
+it keeps us on track.
+The aspiration of all human beings to live in peace is also a
+matter of ethics. And a Declaration that places peace on par with
+other ethical principles is pedagogically significant.
+Here again, it is crucial to realize that peace is not a band-aid,
+it is not just a cease fire, it is not just stopping armed conflict – it
+is creating sustainable structures that will ensure peace as proposed
+by Immanuel Kant in his essay “Perpetual Peace” (“zur
+ewigen Frieden”):
+“Da es nun mit der unter den Völkern der Erde einmal durchgängig überhand
+genommenen Gemeinschaft so weit gekommen ist, dass die Rechtsverletzung an einem Platz
+der Erde an allen gefühlt wird: so ist die Idee eines Weltbürgerrechts keine
+phantastische und überspannte Vorstellungsart des Rechts, sondern eine
+notwendige Ergänzung des ungeschriebenen Kodex sowohl des Staats- als
+Völkerrechts zum öffentlichen Menschenrechte überhaut, und so
+zum ewigen Frieden...“
+This is also the conviction of Juez Baltasar Garzon, who was just
+awarded the Kant Weltbürgerpreis in Freiburg i.Br., who has
+also coined the notion of the “víctima universal”,
+borrowing from Montesquieu’s Esprit des Lois and
+the idea that the violation of the right of one person constitutes
+a threat to all of us.
+No one can doubt that social justice is conducive to internal
+and external harmony. This is the mandate assumed by the United
+Nations in its Summit Declaration of 2000 and in the commitment
+to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. This is also
+the noble task of the International Labour Office that since 1919
+works for justice in the domain of labour.
+The Human Rights Committee and its Optional Protocol are oriented
+toward individual rights, but everyone recognizes that individuals
+make a collectivity and that a collectivity must also vindicate the
+rights of all of its members. When the collective right of peoples
+to peace has been achieved, each individual can best exercise his
+or her rights, not against others, but in harmony with the society
+in which he/she lives.
+These rights to human security, to development and to the environment
+can all be achieved, but in order to achieve them the military
+industrial complex must give way. It is obscene that billions
+of human beings live in misery whereas a huge percentage of the
+budget of States is devoted to the arms industry, to the production,
+stockpiling and using weapons. Here the priorities must be
+changed.
+The Human Rights Committee has recognized the right to conscientious
+objection in its case-law under the Optional Protocol. But many
+States still do not recognize the right to conscientious objection,
+and other States refuse to grant asylum to conscientious objectors. This
+remains a problem.
+No doubt women have made enormous contributions to the right to
+peace, Bertha von Suttner, laureate of the Nobel Peace Prize, Eleanor
+Roosevelt and so many others. A holistic declaration that
+highlights this dimension is to be welcomed.
+Because the Declaration addresses the sources of discord among
+peoples and nations, it does more than just ritually condemning
+war – it is a plan of action based on continued dialogue.
+UNESCO has repeatedly recognized the need to promote education
+on and for peace. As Lieutenant Cable sings in the Rodgers and
+Hammerstein musical “South Pacific” – Declaration of Stantiago aims at teaching all people to appreciate
+peace, to perceive our neighbour not as a potential enemy, but
+rather as a potential collaborator and friend. Discrimination is
+not in-born. It derives in part from stereotypes, caricatures,
+and bad education. Moreover, we can recall UNESCO’s
+constitution and the commitment in its Preamble to build the defences
+of peace in the minds of men.
+Of course, this is being done by the Human Rights Council already,
+by the Special Procedures, by the Human Rights Committee, but it
+is useful to take stock of this relationship
+This reflects the situation in the year 2011 and anticipates the
+population movements that no doubt will occur. Admittedly,
+it goes beyond the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees,
+but it is very much in keeping with the Convention on the Rights
+of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families
+This concern was well formulated in the 1996 Advisory Opinion
+of the International Court of Justice in the Nuclear Weapons Case. I
+think this issue needs to be revisited.
+Article 2 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights provides
+the right to a remedy, but not all states have grasped that it
+is not sufficient to adopt norms. It is also necessary to put enforcement
+mechanisms in place and to ensure that victims are rehabilitated.
+Somehow the impasse on disarmament must be broken. The enforcement
+of Article 6 of the Non-Proliferation treaty must be seen as a
+matter of urgency, as Michael Gorbachev said at the Geneva Lectures
+two years ago.
+More than that, it shall make it clear that the right to freedom
+of expression is of little value, if one has no opinion to express. What
+is crucial is not the formality of freedom of expression but the
+reality of freedom of opinion, and this requires access to information,
+as provided for in article 19 of the Covenant on Civil and Political
+Rights.
+This is one of the principal aspects of the Declaracion de Santiago – the
+preventive aspect. The need to anticipate the problems of vulnerable
+groups and the imperative to provide protection in a timely fashion.
+Twenty-First, It would assist States and International Organizations
+to focus on the development of the three pillars on which the UN
+Charter is based, namely: the system of collective security which
+prohibits the threat or use of force, and promote the peaceful
+settlement of disputes in accordance with international law; the
+economic and social development of peoples; and respect of human
+rights and fundamental freedoms for all without discrimination.
+Under these three pillars the human right to peace will be built.
+In other words, the right to peace is not extraneous to the United
+Nations, nor is it superfluous. It is a logical emanation from
+the UN Charter.
+I would like to conclude with a consideration for the Human Rights
+Council. Admittedly, the Advisory Committee has its mandate
+and will continue the elaboration of a declaration on the right
+of peoples to peace. But I think that the Human Rights Council
+should consider expanding the mandate so that the human right to
+peace would be seen in its individual and collective dimensions,
+not only as a right of peoples, but also as a right of individuals. Thus
+the declaration should be called quite simply, the Human Right
+to Peace, or even simpler the Right to Peace.
+and may not be used without the author's permission. This page was created
+by Nick Ionascu.
+The road into Jonathon Sherman’s 100-acre compound winds through a forest. A yellow smiley face tacked to a tree warns visitors that cameras are watching. Afraid for his life following the 2017 killings of his parents, Barry and Honey Sherman, Jonathon also employs a permanent detail of security guards who live in one of the houses on the rolling property.
+Come alone, Jonathon told me.
+In a back and forth email exchange in December leading up to our interview, the 37-year old businessman explained his desire to provide “context” to his father’s request — two weeks before his death — that Jonathon and business partner Adam Paulin pay back between $50 million and $60 million that Barry had loaned them. His father, Jonathon said, was in a difficult financial situation but vowed to restart the flow of cash down the road.
+“I’m not going to kill my dad because he needs $50 million to get through a crisis,” Jonathon will later say over the course of a five-hour chat, confronting suggestions by some that he was involved.
+Stepping out of my car on a snowy day in late December I see nobody about. It’s a gloomy afternoon, but there are no lights on in the log cabin where the road dead ends. To one side, a long, rectangular garage. The metallic rasp of a door latch breaks the silence and a man steps out, wearing jeans, a hoodie and a coat.
+I had never met Jonathon Sherman before, but I recognize him from the video of his eulogy at his mother and father’s funeral.
+“Just working on one of my COVID projects,” Sherman says, then retraces his steps. I follow. Inside the garage I pass a silver Tesla, and in the centre of the workspace a beautiful wooden canoe, upside down on a stand. Sherman explains he has never built anything like this before. He shows me long, thin tongue and groove slats that he has glued, one by one, framing the elegantly shaped boat. Next he will sand the joints, and apply multiple coats of fibreglass. It is for his cottage and marina on Chandos Lake northeast of Peterborough where, as I reported some time ago, he once told his father he and Paulin wanted $150 million to buy one quarter of the cottages. That was the same time that Jonathon, angry with how his father was spending money on other enterprises, suggested to his three sisters that Barry was incompetent and unable to manage the family fortune he had built.
+I walk around the chilly workshop. In a box there are clay target discs for another of his passions, skeet shooting. Sherman says he is a collector, has 15 guns — many of them antique, lever action “cowboy” classics — and a shooting range in the forest.
+It is noon on Dec. 19, 2020, just over three years from the day that Barry, 75, and Honey, 70, were found dead of “ligature neck compression” in their north Toronto home. Toronto police homicide detectives say the case is active and ongoing and that they have numerous persons of interest and a “theory” of what happened. Who those people are, and what the theory is, police will not say.
+I have been trying to speak to Jonathon Sherman for a long time and he has granted me this opportunity because, he says, he is tired of people talking behind his back, speculating that he had something to do with the killings. Most vexing to him, he says, is that his sister Alex thinks he was involved, which has created a rift he believes will never heal.
+“I want to arm you with the truth,” he says. Over the afternoon he will open up about many issues, promising me he will never be “inconsistent.”
+Sherman motions to two black folding chairs, two metres apart, between the Tesla and the canoe. We sit. Sherman has referred to himself in an email as the “heir apparent” to his father’s fortune, estimated to be worth between $5 billion and $10 billion. Yet the power tools lying around are not even remotely top of the line. The Tesla is a 2013 model. It bothered him, he said, when I wrote in my book on the Sherman killings that he owned a high-end electric vehicle and flew first class. He said he purchased the car used, years ago, because “I hate paying for gas.” As to flights, he said that he flies economy in North America, business class internationally, similar to the rest of his family. He maintains he is as frugal as was his thrifty father, who drove rusty old cars and ate at Swiss Chalet.
+We are in this garage because in early December I had reached out with new questions about his financial relationship with his father leading up to the killings. I had been told by several sources that in late 2017, Barry Sherman’s company, the generic drug maker Apotex, was experiencing financial difficulties. That was confirmed by a recent release of police search warrant documents following a court challenge by the Toronto Star, which revealed Apotex had gone through a round of layoffs and was facing another.
+Ever the gambler in business, Barry had lost a drug patent case in the summer of 2017 and Apotex was likely going to have to pay $580 million to a rival company in January 2018. My sources told me Barry had little cash liquidity and was scrambling for ways to pay. The sources said Barry wanted Jonathon and his business partner to help by putting mortgages on their chain of nine self storage properties, all purchased with interest-free loans from Barry.
+Jonathon responded to me over email, confirming some of what I had put to him. But he stressed his father was committed to future funding when his financial picture improved.
+“In short, my father was always very supportive of me and my businesses, including throughout 2017,” Jonathon wrote me on Dec. 12, 2020. “He did have his moments where he had more available cash for investing, and sometimes less, and we had mature conversations about this. This is what billionaires do with their sons.”
+Barry Sherman had provided at least $125 million to Jonathon and Paulin over the years in the form of interest-free loans registered on title to their storage company, Green Storage, along with money for homes and a cottage. My own review of public land title documents suggested that more than $200 million was made available by Barry, but Jonathon said that he and Paulin only ever needed $125 million of that amount.
+In our interview, Jonathon spoke highly of his relationship with his father, and said “everything” he and his business partner did was made possible with money his father loaned them from Sherfam, the family holding company. He said his father was “all in with Adam and me” in the storage business.
+Leading up to the interview, Jonathon forwarded a series of emails he exchanged with his father in the six months before the killings. He said the chain begins in July because that is when it became clear Apotex might have to pay out the massive judgment.
+On July 27, 2017, Barry writes to Jonathon and Paulin: “We are presently unsure what are (sic) liquidity situation will be over the next six months so I am reluctant to have (the family holding company) Sherfam advance more to you in the short term.” Barry adds that Jonathon and Paulin should consider borrowing from banks.
+On July 27, Jonathon replies to Barry, copying Paulin: “OK, good to know. Thanks.” Jonathon then teases his notoriously grammatically correct father for typing “are” instead of “our.” In our garage interview, Jonathon tells me he always enjoyed “poking” his father, teasing him.
+On Nov. 16, Barry writes to Jonathon and Paulin, copying Alex Glasenberg, Sherfam’s chief financial officer. Subject line: Arranging mortgages. “We might have to pay the 580 million judgment in January,” Barry writes. “We thus need to take steps to improve liquidity, in case needed. I thus request that you discuss with Alex and arrange first mortgages to enable repaying 50-60 million to (Sherfam) if possible. Please do within weeks.” Barry adds, “I am certain we will be able to advance further substantial funds to you, if wanted for further investments, beginning in 2019.”
+On Nov. 26, Paulin writes to Barry, copying Jonathon. Subject line: lunch tomorrow. “Hi Barry, Hope all is well. Any chance you are free to get a quick lunch with Jon and me? 12 or 12:30 would work.” Jonathon, in our interview, said Paulin often suggested they have lunch with Barry, and would send the email. Jonathon and Paulin worked out of free space in the Apotex building, just down the hall from Barry’s office.
+An hour later, Barry replies to Adam, copying Jonathon. “Okay for lunch.”
+On Nov. 28, the day after the lunch, Paulin writes to Glasenberg, copying Barry and Jonathon. Subject: Short term cash needs. “Please see attached a breakdown of our immediate cash needs. Barry has agreed to cover us with these needs.” Paulin and Jonathon were requesting $6.2 million by Dec. 15 and another unspecified amount “no later than Jan. 15.” In my interview with Jonathon, he said they needed this money to fund plans already in the works to “build out” some of their storage facilities.
+Three minutes later, Barry writes back: “Adam: As discussed, you have to take steps immediately to arrange mortgages (to repay the $50-60 million). What will you do and when?”
+Paulin replies to Barry, copying Glasenberg and Jonathon: “Hi Barry, Yes, we are restarting these conversations with the banks to get this sorted out as soon as possible.” Adam says it will take “time and money” to get “appraisals” and arrange the bank mortgages, particularly as it is the holiday season, adding “the requested ($6.2 million) funds should get us through until financing is available.”
+Barry replies to Paulin, copying to Jonathon and Glasenberg: “Ok but please do asap in case needed.”
+Two days later, Jonathon and his husband, Fred Mercure, flew to Japan for a vacation. Jonathon says he believes Paulin had conversations with two banks regarding the mortgages. While in Japan, he said, he “started learning and trading” cryptocurrency and put the whole matter of the mortgages out of his mind. He said there were no more emails about the funding issue. He and Mercure would return home on Dec. 12, in the evening.
+I suggested there were “gaps” in the email chain he provided, but he said there were none.
+The Star has obtained one additional email chain from that fall which reveals an acrimonious exchange between Barry and Jonathon two weeks prior to Barry’s first request for the payback. The subject of the email chain is a potential meeting to discuss the challenges of the various family businesses Barry runs, particularly Apotex.
+This email highlights one of the sticking points between father and son, friends of the late Barry Sherman say — Jonathon’s insistence that Paulin be present at any business discussions, whether about Green Storage, Apotex or Barry’s many other business interests.
+On Oct. 27, 2017, Barry writes to Jonathon to discuss a meeting about Apotex and his other business interests. “I don’t want to meet with you and Adam,” he says. “You are my son.” Jonathon responds that he wants to bring Paulin to the meeting, noting that Barry’s second in command at Apotex, Jack Kay, will be present. In his email, Jonathon refers to himself as the “heir apparent” to the Sherman fortune. Barry replies that yes, “you are my son and heir to the empire” but he complains of Jonathon’s “unwillingness and apparent disinterest” over the years in the Apotex business. Barry adds that Jonathon’s “hostility persists,” but there is no explanation as to what the Apotex founder is referring to. Jonathon writes that if they have the meeting, “it will be with Adam present.”
+Father and son also exchange barbs in their emails over their approach to business. Jonathon writes that “everything” he is doing in his own businesses is to build “a safe and stable financial base for future generations of Shermans.” Barry shoots back that he has been doing that “for fifty years with considerable degree of success despite great obstacles.”
+Jonathon told me the lunch proposed in October never happened, although they did have one in late November with Paulin present to discuss the short-term cash needs of Green Storage, along with Barry’s request for the repayment of the $50 million to $60 million. I ask Jonathon why it was so important for him to bring his partner to a family business meeting, given that his father did not seem to like that idea. Jonathon says it may be a “confidence” issue with him — he does not like doing things on his own. Two years previous, Jonathon had written an email to his father suggesting that he and Paulin could play a role in “succession” relating to the Sherman holdings.
+Paulin, who has not responded to interview requests from the Star, has been Jonathon’s close friend since they met at Camp Winnebagoe summer camp. Paulin’s family founded the H. Paulin & Co hardware company in 1920, a top retailer of hardware to chains like Home Depot. Jonathon says that, like him, Paulin had no interest in his family’s business. Paulin is a graduate of the Ivey business school at Western University in London, Ont., and Jonathon — who has an engineering education from Columbia in New York — says he relies on Paulin’s financial background to support their business endeavours.
+A couple of hours into our interview, there is a knock on the side door of the garage. Jonathon gets up. It is one of his security team doing a “health check” to see if Jonathon is OK.
+“Yup, all good,” Jonathon says, returning to his seat. When their parents were killed, the Sherman children hired security guards who had previously worked for Bank Hapoalim in Israel. A detail was assigned to all four children, and as well as Apotex executives including Jack Kay. Kay lost his security detail when Jonathon fired him, a year and a day after Barry and Honey were killed. To this day, the security detail is never more than a few metres from Jonathon, his sister Alex and Alex’s husband, Brad, whenever they leave their homes. I do not know if the same applies to siblings Kaelen and Lauren, who have not replied to interview requests.
+The log cabin beside the garage, Jonathon explains, was the home he and his husband originally lived in. With two children by surrogacy (Barry funded the process in late 2017, paying $329,286 to a U.S. company on Jonathon and Mercure’s behalf) the couple needed more room and have moved to a larger house nearby. At Jonathon’s request, the Star is not identifying where they live, other than that it is in the GTA.
+Our conversation continues. I tell him that no bank mortgages were registered on his storage properties in late November or early December 2017, as his father had requested. Jonathon said they did “start conversations with the banks” but due to the deaths of his parents and the eventual division of the multibillion dollar Sherman estate — which was divided equally among the four siblings — the financing was not necessary. The $580 million legal judgment against Apotex was reduced during a negotiation and later paid, Jonathon told me.
+As to the $125 million in interest-free loans his father had advanced his company over the years, Jonathon said he paid that money back to the Sherman estate from his first “dispersal” of funds from the estate. (The money is being released to the four children in stages, although much of the fortune is tied up in Apotex which remains for sale.) “Every dollar borrowed has been returned,” he says.
+As to the request from his father to repay the $50 million to $60 million, Jonathon tells me that my questions are making “a lot more of that request” than he did at the time. “We never really saw it as a threat,” Jonathon says. He says a shareholder agreement existed between father and son that said “we never have to give you back any money.”
+Through the garage windows, I can see the snow has picked up. We move to a new topic, the deaths of his parents and the sometimes duelling police and private investigations.
+It was just before noon on Dec. 15, 2017, Jonathon says, as he and Mercure were pulling into the driveway of the new cottage on Chandos Lake when his aunt, Mary Shechtman, called from Florida. She had just heard from Elise Stern, the Shermans’ realtor, who had discovered Barry and Honey’s bodies in the basement pool room of their home on Old Colony Road. “‘Your parents have been murdered,’” he says Shechtman told him, adding that she was “slightly hysterical.” Jonathon says he called his older sister Lauren, who was vacationing in Mexico, before he and Mercure drove back to Toronto, where the family gathered at sister Alex’s house in Forest Hill.
+Within hours, the family heard rumours that police were considering the deaths a double suicide or a murder-suicide, a fact born out by search warrant documents unsealed by a Toronto judge.
+Jonathon says it was he who pushed for a private investigation team to get an independent pathologist to do a second set of autopsies. (The four Sherman estate trustees, including Jonathon, had retained criminal lawyer Brian Greenspan to co-ordinate a private probe.) Jonathon says his only hope was to show that their parents did not have a terminal illness, which might have explained the early police theory. He was pleased when the private pathologist “proved” it was a double homicide. When the Star published the results of the second autopsies in January, Toronto detectives interviewed the family’s pathologist, and announced it was a “targeted” double murder a few days later.
+He credits himself for the achievements of the private investigation, saying that without his input, “this would have been wrapped up and done with as a suicide.”
+While he, his sister Alex and her husband Brad were allied at the start of the private probe — having regular meetings together with Greenspan and private detective Tom Klatt — Jonathon says that at some point, Alex started thinking he was somehow involved in the murders. Eventually, she hired criminal lawyer John Rosen to push Greenspan to end his probe and give everything it had collected to the police. That happened in late 2019 and Toronto police say they are still going over 20 gigabytes of information compiled by the private investigators.
+Jonathon says he and Alex, who are just three years apart in age, were always close growing up and he is upset that they no longer speak. He says one of his siblings has told him that Alex thinks he carries a gun at all times and is going to “pull it out” and “shoot her in front of everybody.”
+(The Star has revealed that there is a major rift between Jonathon and his three sisters, in part over a dispute between Jonathon and Alex over how Sherman charitable dollars are spent).
+Jonathon says claims that he would hurt anyone are unfounded and he “always treats people with respect.”
+As to his own relationship with his mother and father, he says it was generally good. Jonathon says that had he been a “straight boy,” his relationship with his mother would have been perfect. His being gay was something that upset Honey in earlier days, he says, but she and Barry made his husband “feel welcome.” He says Barry, whose best friend and first business partner from the 1960s is gay, was more accepting, but once told him that his would be a “harder life.” The last email Jonathon says he sent his father — on Dec. 14, 2017, when police believe Barry and Honey were already dead — was to invite him to a Christmas party at his forested compound with Mercure and Mercure’s family.
+With the Greenspan probe shelved by late 2019, Jonathon says he launched his own private investigation led by Robert Seiden a lawyer and former prosecutor from the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office who now runs the U.S.-based company called Confidential Global Investigations. He says he hired Seiden because of Seiden’s personal history — he pursued a law career after his brother, an innocent bystander, was killed during a mob hit.
+As part of his investigation team, Seiden has hired a former Toronto police homicide detective who has “good” relations with the Toronto force, Jonathon told me.
+When Jonathon gets information, he says, he passes it on to the police. Recently, the lead detective on the Sherman case, Det. Sgt. Brandon Price, visited Jonathon to personally receive a package of information he said he has uncovered.
+Our conversation bounces back and forth. It is now dark outside. We are moving through many of the questions that I have asked him by letter and email over the years. Jonathon explains that he always wanted to respond, but felt that it was not the right time until now.
+I ask about his emailed suggestion to his sisters in 2015 that their father was incompetent. According to my sources, as well as emails I obtained, this was because Jonathon was concerned that Barry was wasting millions of dollars on his friend Frank D’Angelo, a Toronto juice magnate and filmmaker whom Barry had bankrolled for years.
+Jonathon says telling his sisters their father was incompetent was just a “figure of speech,” and that Barry had “brushed off” the suggestion. Life went on, he says, because his father knew he was never going to “try and have him declared incompetent.” As with other teasing he had done, Jonathon said he was just trying to “poke him” over the D’Angelo funding from time to time.
+The day before he made that suggestion to his sisters, Jonathon sent an email to Barry seeking $150 million to purchase one quarter of the cottages on Chandos Lake, plus an additional $100 million to expand Green Storage. Jonathon says this was not a real request for money, but rather another “poke” at his father for his continued funding of D’Angelo, suggesting the money would be better spent on him.
+I put it to Jonathon that various Sherman family members are no longer speaking with each other, and ask about Mary Shechtman, Honey’s sister and best friend, who was ostracized by the four siblings soon after the killings when she claimed that Honey had promised her $300 million. Barry had given Shechtman a storage locker at Green Storage free of charge. Jonathon acknowledges that his management team had questioned the free space and evicted her — Jonathon was present last fall on the day that she moved out of the unit in Ajax. I suggest that was harsh and Jonathon replies that there has been “a lot of hardship lately.”
+I also ask Jonathon about his whereabouts the week of his parents’ deaths, particularly the Wednesday evening. In our email exchange in December, Jonathon had shared a photo he took of his hand and a note with the time code of 7:17 p.m. Wednesday, December 13, 2017, and the location of his home visible on the smartphone photo. Police have said the Shermans were killed that evening, likely between 9 p.m. and midnight.
+Jonathon says he snapped the photo that evening to have a record of a “seed code” for his cryptocurrency account and that the hand in the photo is his. He says he also has a photo on his phone taken the next morning at 8:30 a.m., and the location is at his home.
+I suggest to him that a photo of his hand taken at 7:17 p.m. at his family compound outside Toronto does not necessarily mean he could not have gone to his parents’ house later that night. Jonathon agrees, but says he has always assumed that whoever killed his parents “hired someone else.”
+In the police search warrant documents recently made public, Jonathon is quoted by a detective saying during his interview soon after the killings that there were people who had a “grudge” against his parents and a “reason to hurt them.” Who those people are is blacked out by a judge’s order. He says he has given his thoughts on his suspicions to detectives.
+On the issue of suspicions in general, Jonathon acknowledges that not answering certain questions posed by the Star over the years, and the issue of the repayment request from his father might be seen as “suspicious.” But he says, “with a billionaire” you will always find things that “are suspicious.”
+“I don’t know anyone who can plan a murder in three weeks, but I can tell you I was not involved,” Jonathon says.
+He says Detective Sgt. Brandon Price, who leads the homicide probe, is “very professional” and when they spoke recently Price did not reveal what direction police were focusing their efforts on. I tell Jonathon that one of Price’s detectives told a court hearing that the estate of Barry and Honey Sherman — who receives and does not receive money in accordance with Barry’s will — is “embedded” in the police investigation. I ask if that is an indication that detectives at some point looked to see if family was involved. “I would hope they have looked at all the family,” Jonathon tells me.
+He says that he does not put “much stock” in what people think about him. “I only ever do what I think is right.” I point out how “very Barry Sherman that is of you.”
+“You could argue that,” he replies.
+Later that evening, when I am home, I send Jonathon an email thanking him for meeting with me. He replies:
+“Ok. I just updated (Det. Sgt. Brandon) Price on our conversation.” When I tell him I am surprised he did that, he writes back, “I kept the police informed because I maintain transparency with them.”
+Whether you work as a full time mechanic, or you simply enjoy the experience of working on your project car, an engine stand is one of the most important and versatile tools in your workshop.
+Rather than try to work on your engine while it’s in-place, an engine stand allows you the ability to conveniently access your engine from any angle, allowing you to rotate it as you need to in a simple and safe manner.
+Contents
+- 10 Best Engine Stand Reviews
+- #1. Performance Tool ½ Ton Capacity Engine Stand
+- #2. Jegs Performance Products Engine Stand
+- #3. Torin Big Red Steel Rotating Engine Stand
+- #4. Harbor Freight Tools Automotive Engine Stand
+- #5. Jacko Rotating Engine Stand with Tool Tray
+- #6. Heavy duty 2,000 lbs Foldable Engine Stand
+- #7. Sunex Foldable Engine Stand
+- #8. Performance Tool 1,250 lbs Capacity Engine Stand
+- #9. K&L Supply Metric Engine Stand
+- #10. OTC 1,000 lbs Capacity Engine Stand
+- What is an Engine Stand?
+- How To Use An Engine Stand
+- Important Safety Information
+- Tips And Tricks For Using An Engine Stand
+- What To Look For When Choosing An Engine Stand
+- Frequently Asked Questions
+- Conclusion
+10 Best Engine Stand Reviews
+#1. Performance Tool ½ Ton Capacity Engine Stand
+When it comes to your mechanical work, safety and strength is your top concern. For jobs that require heavy duty lifting, you need to be confident that your engine stand can protect you while you work. The Performance Tool engine stand allows for lifting of up to half a ton, so that you can get even the biggest jobs done.
+Heavy Duty Construction
+Your primary consideration when buying an engine stand is the strength. The construction of the Performance Tool engine stand is high, with heavy duty steel and strong and durable assembly. With a carrying capacity of half a ton, you will be supporting your engine block safely and securely.
+Adjustable Lifting Arms
+Every engine block is different, so your engine stand needs to be able to fit your specific requirements at all times. The Performance Tool engine stand features six adjustable lifting arms that can fit any sized engine block, with a rotatable head that can allow for any angle. This makes your job safer and easier.
+Single Leg Design
+When you’re lifting such heavy engines, a simplistic design can reduce the potential for error. The Performance Tool engine stand is built with a single leg, allowing for easy positioning and ease of use. Not only that, but the wheels offer 360 degree rotation, allowing movement in every direction.
+PROS
+- Extremely stable and sturdy design suitable for small and medium sized engine blocks
+- Swivel arms enable flexible usage
+- Adjustable head assembly that locks in six positions for flexible use
+- Heavy duty construction using tubular steel
+- Easy positioning thanks to the 360 degree swivel casters
+CONS
+- Not recommended for heavier engine blocks
+- The assembly instructions are not very clear
+#2. Jegs Performance Products Engine Stand
+When you want to make a smart choice when deciding on your new engine stand without breaking your budget, never settle for lower quality. The Jegs performance products engine stand is not only an easy and convenient aide when it comes to working on your engine, but this extremely budget friendly model doesn’t cut corners in terms of construction.
+Steel Tube Construction
+Designed to withstand extreme pressures, the steel tube construction of the Jegs engine stand will give you confidence while you work. Supporting up to 1000 lbs of weight and durable no matter what level of use it gets, allowing you to work smoothly and comfortably for all of your projects.
+Easy Assembly
+There’s nothing worse than buying a new engine stand that is a nightmare to put together. The Jegs performance products engine stand features an innovative design that requires minimal assembly, requiring only minutes of your time before you’re ready for use.
+Superior Stability
+With complete swivel casters and sturdy arm, the Jegs engine stand allows you complete assurance for your toughest jobs. The rotating head allows you to get to your engine from any angle, and the locking mechanism allows you to work without worrying about movement.
+PROS
+- Tubular steel design that performs well under high pressure
+- Easy to move around thanks to the swivel wheels
+- Only takes about fifteen minutes to assemble
+- Rotating head allows for better ease of access
+- Trusted brand with many years of experience
+CONS
+- There can be some movement even when the head is locked
+- Some of the drill holes may not be aligned properly
+#3. Torin Big Red Steel Rotating Engine Stand
+When you have a heavier engine, your regular engine stand just won’t cut it. The Torin big red steel engine stand is the superior choice for times when you need a bigger lifting capacity. With the sturdy, no-tip design with the fully adjustable arms, there’s no job you can’t handle.
+Built For Strength
+Your larger engines require extra capacity when mounting. The Torin big red engine stand is built with a strong steel body with a durable crossbar so that it can withstand up to 1,500 lbs. This means that you can work on larger projects without specialist equipment.
+When Safety Is Your Top Concern
+Working with heavier engines means that you are exposed to a higher risk when something unexpected happens. The Torin big red engine stand is build with a no-tip design that allows you to work with the highest level of safety.
+Foldable For Easy Storage
+When you’re short on space, you need solutions that will keep out of your way when you’re not using them. The Torin big red steel engine stand features a fully foldable frame, so you can store it when you’re working on something else.
+PROS
+- Super strong design that can withstand the weight of bigger engines
+- Fully rotating head that offers you flexibility
+- Adjustable arms that allow you to get that perfect height
+- Innovative design that prevents tipping
+- Completely foldable for better storage
+CONS
+- The front crossbar may be wider than what you’re used to
+- Users have reported that the welding may not be straight
+#4. Harbor Freight Tools Automotive Engine Stand
+Working on your engine requires superb strength and attention to detail at all times. The Harbor Freight Tools Automotive engine stand is designed for heavy use, allowing you to support and stabilize your standard size engine safely and securely.
+Streamlined Support
+Rather than use complex, complicated tools in your workshop, a simple approach to your work will allow you to focus on productivity. The Harbor Freight Tools Automotive engine stand is built with a sturdy, streamline design, allowing for easy, versatile use.
+Designed For Stability
+While many engine stands feature 360 degree swivel ability in all four wheels, you may find that these designs move around too much while you’re working. The Harbor Freight Tools Automotive engine stand combats this by allowing this freedom within two wheels only, with limited directionality in the other two wheels, allowing you to increase your stability while you work.
+Made With Heavy Duty Steel
+When you work with such heavy engines, your main concern is strength. The Harbor Freight Tools Automotive engine stand is constructed from heavy gauge steel which can withstand up to 1000 lbs of weight, reducing the risk of breakage and falls.
+PROS
+- Superb strength throughout the whole frame
+- Two fixed-direction wheels that increase stability
+- Streamlined design that helps you to focus on your work
+- Fully lockable rotating head that allows you flexibility in your work angle
+- Innovative “I” shaped design that helps to stabilize the engine
+CONS
+- Assembly can be time consuming
+- Only two wheels feature 360 degree swiveling
+#5. Jacko Rotating Engine Stand with Tool Tray
+Spending a lot of time in your workshop means that you’re always on the lookout for the most useful tools. The Jacko engine stand comes equipped with features designed to make your life easier while you’re hard at work.
+Convenient Tool Tray
+Keeping your tools and bolts in one place while you’re working on your engine can be tough, and you may see your productivity levels decreasing if you’re constantly trying to find the parts you need. The Jacko engine stand features a convenient tool tray, allowing you to keep your bits and pieces in reach for when you need them.
+Self Locking Mechanism
+Working on a heavy engine comes with risks, and ensuring that your engine stays secure while you work is essential for your safety. The Jacko engine stand features a rotating head with a self locking mechanism that will keep your engine in place as you work.
+Easy Grip Handles
+Your freedom of movement is important, so having an engine stand that is simple and easy to use will help you to maximize your productivity. The Jacko engine stand features easy grip handles so that you can effortlessly rotate your engine as you work.
+PROS
+- Fully rotatable head that automatically locks in place
+- Tray to hold your tools while you work for added convenience
+- Fully adjustable arms to allow you to work on any sized engine
+- Effortless rotation with easy grip handles
+- Made from highly durable steel that gives extra strength
+CONS
+- The provided bolts for the arms may be too short
+- Frame is not foldable so you must store it while assembled
+#6. Heavy duty 2,000 lbs Foldable Engine Stand
+When your passion is in the bigger models, having an engine stand that you can be confident in is a must. This heavy duty engine stand allows you to work on monster engines with the same ease and convenience you’d expect from a smaller engine.
+Supports A Heavier Engine
+Taking the next step in your mechanic game means working on bigger engines than you’re used to. The heavy duty engine stand supports a whopping 2,000 lbs engine, giving you the reassurance that you’ll be safe no matter how large your project.
+Foldable Design
+Keeping your workshop free from clutter is important in maintaining the flow and usability of your workspace. When you’ve finished with your engine, you need a convenient way to store your engine stand, so you can move onto other parts of the project. This engine stand features a fully foldable design that will stay out of the way while not in use.
+Fully Adjustable Frame
+When you want to work on a variety of projects, any old engine stand just won’t cut it. This heavy duty engine stand features a full range of adjustability, allowing you to size it to whatever sized engine you are working on.
+PROS
+- Control your engine angle using the 20” sliding handle
+- Fully adjustable frame that can be sized to engines of any proportion
+- Can support up to 2,000 lbs of engine weight
+- Completely foldable so that you can store it with ease
+- Built from heavy duty steel that resists bends and breakages
+CONS
+- May require extra time with assembly
+- May seem slightly too large for a smaller sized engine
+#7. Sunex Foldable Engine Stand
+Versatility in the workshop means that you can get things done with ease, streamlining the processes that can otherwise take you a long time. The Sunex engine stand is designed to make your engine fixes and rebuilds easier, allowing you to work effortlessly and efficiently.
+Worm Drive Gearbox
+Some engine stands can be difficult to turn, depending on the weight of your engine. The Sunex engine stand features a 63:1 worm drive gearbox that allows you to rotate your large engines quickly and easily.
+Ball-Bearing Mounted Casters
+Moving your heavy engines around a lot can lead to serious wear and tear on the wheels of your engine stand. The Sunex engine stand is designed with ball-bearing mounted casters with a full 360 degree range of movement. This means that they’ll withstand the weight of the engine without wearing out the casters.
+Adjustable Design
+Not only does the Sunex engine stand feature an adjustable frame, but the fingers that are responsible for holding the engine are fully able to be adjusted to suit any sized engine. This allows you to get the strongest grip on your engine, increasing your safety while you work.
+PROS
+- Compatible with any style engine
+- Features auto-locking capability that ensures your safety
+- Foldable frame allows for easy storage
+- Worm drive gearbox makes positioning the largest engines simple
+- Adjustable fingers allow you to get a great fit
+CONS
+- More expensive than other engine stands
+- Folding can be difficult without removing a bolt
+#8. Performance Tool 1,250 lbs Capacity Engine Stand
+As one of the biggest names in engine lifting, it’s no surprise that we see Performance Tool back on this list. The 1,250 lbs capacity engine stand is a highly versatile and convenient way to support your engine as you work on it.
+Wide Frame For Stability
+Working on heavy engines means that you need a high level of support. This Performance Tool engine stand is built with a wider frame that gives a higher level of stability than other engine stands, giving you peace of mind as you’re working on your engine.
+Convenient Tool Tray
+Keeping your parts within reach is the best way to improve your productivity. The Performance Tool engine stand features a tool tray that keeps everything you need by your side, ready for when you need it most.
+Heavy Gauge Construction
+Constructed with heavy gauge tubular steel, the Performance Tool engine stand has a 1,250 lbs capacity that allows for usage with most domestic and foreign engine types. This means you can work with confidence as you tackle the biggest engines.
+PROS
+- Heavy duty design that allows for 1,250 lbs engine capacity
+- Wide frame design with four swivel wheels for added stability
+- Parts tray allows you to store tools conveniently within reach
+- Adjustable mounting head that allows you to work in any position
+- Automatic locking mechanism that allows for six fixed positions
+CONS
+- Assembly instructions are difficult to follow
+- When unloaded, the frame may feel less stable
+#9. K&L Supply Metric Engine Stand
+As a professional mechanic, you require an engine stand that can work for you. The K&L Supply engine stand is a versatile and functional engine stand that is designed to integrate into high traffic workshops.
+Professional Look
+There’s nothing that inspires confidence in your customers more than a professional looking workshop. The K&L Supply engine stand features a polished steel finish which exudes the strength and workmanship that the brand is known for.
+Dual Support
+Working on the heaviest engines means that you need that added support. The K&L Supply engine stand features dual arms, allowing for support from both sides of the engine. With fully adjustable capability, you can work on any engine no matter the angle.
+Flexible Usage
+No matter what kind of engine you’re repairing or rebuilding, the K&L Supply engine stand can take on any challenge. From four and six cylinders, to twins and in-line systems, it’s as easy as setting the position and locking the frame into place.
+PROS
+- Compatible with any style of engine
+- Adjustable height and weight capacity to suit any project
+- Dual arm frame for extra support for heavier engines
+- Polished steel finish that looks great in any workshop
+- Can assist with a wide range of workshop activities
+CONS
+- Frame does not feature wheels so must be used in place
+- More cumbersome to use than other engine stand models
+#10. OTC 1,000 lbs Capacity Engine Stand
+Paying more for your hardware often means a more superior construction, and that’s exactly what you get with the OTC engine stand. With a heavy yet stable frame and high attention to detail for each of the pieces, you’ll enjoy a long-lasting and functional engine stand.
+Turn Heavy Engines Easily
+The OTC engine stand features a three foot turning bar, allowing you to effortlessly turn your engines the full 360 degrees, no matter how heavy they are. Not only does this make working more comfortable for you, but it also helps you tackle bigger challenges with ease.
+Comfortable Rubber Handles
+Working with your hands means that you endure the stresses and strains of your busy workday. The OTC engine stand makes this easier on you as it is fitted with comfortable non-slip rubber handles, making it easier to and safer to use.
+Heavy Duty Build
+Supporting heavier engines can be tough with cheap engine stands. Rather than risk twisting and buckling, the OTC engine stand is built using 1/4-inch steel that is optimized for engines up to 1,000 lbs and will withstand your toughest jobs.
+PROS
+- Locking rear wheels that allow you to keep your engine in place
+- Fully rotatable head assembly that can lock in eight positions
+- Adjustable arms that can fit any standard engine type
+- Disassembles with the removal of one bolt so that you can pack it away quickly
+- Built with heavy duty tubular steel for added strength
+CONS
+- One of the most expensive engine stands on this list
+- Some of the welding may not be as good to look at as the rest of the stand
+What is an Engine Stand?
+An engine stand is a simple device that allows you to get to the hard to reach parts of your engine with little effort.
+Built from strong, durable material, an engine stand supports the entire weight of your engine as you work, and allows the rotation of the engine when you need to work on the underside.
+Designed to make your engine rebuild easier, engine stands contain many convenient features that allow you to work smoothly and quickly.
+Most engine stands feature an adjustable frame, allowing you to set the most optimized height for the engine size that you’re working on.
+The head assembly fits securely into the engine and features the ability to rotate a full 360 degrees, so that you can access any part of the engine at any time.
+The frame typically features wheels that allow for easy transport of your engine, so that you can quickly and safely move your engine from one part of your workshop to another.
+How To Use An Engine Stand
+There is a process involved in using an engine stand safely, requiring the ultimate care and attention to detail from the user. Here, we present you with a step by step guide on how to use an engine stand.
+Clear The Area
+Make sure that your engine and surrounding area is clear from debris, including tools, parts and other items.
+Disconnect The Engine
+Before removing the engine from your car, be sure to disconnect everything, including wiring, motor mounts and the exhaust. Once the engine is completely disconnected you can then attach it to your engine hoist.
+Lift The Engine
+Before attaching your engine to your stand, you must first lift it out of your car. Attach it to your hoist, being sure to follow all instructions carefully so that you can work in safety. Slowly lower your engine until it is on the ground.
+Remove The Transmission
+In order to attach the engine stand, you must first remove the transmission. Unbolt the cover, then remove the bolts that attach the torque converter, flywheel then the bell housing to remove the transmission.
+Adjust The Engine Stand
+Adjust the four arms of the engine stand so that they match the diameter of your engine block. Be sure that the bolts that you will use to connect your engine to the stand are long enough to fit through both the mount and at least one inch into the engine block.
+Connect The Stand To The Engine
+Using your hoist, lift the engine from the floor so that the mounting point is in line with the head assembly of the engine stand. Remove the mounting head, then run the bolts through the mount on the stand and into the place where the transmission was mounted. Be sure to center the head onto the flywheel and tighten the bolts.
+Lower The Engine And Remove The Hoist
+Lower the engine so that it is in line with the arm of the stand. Bolt the mounting place back to the stand, then slowly lower the engine further, checking that the stand is holding the weight as you go. Once you are satisfied that the engine will hold, remove the hoist.
+Important Safety Information
+Staying safe when using an engine stand is one of the most important considerations of your work day, as you are dealing with very heavy engines.
+The risk of an engine slipping and falling is vastly increased when you’re not using the equipment properly. Here, we take you through the important safety information when using an engine stand.
+Always Work With The Weight Capacity Of The Stand
+While this may seem like a very obvious instruction, working within the weight capacity of your engine stand is the best way to stay safe while you work.
+Engine stands are all rated to handle various weights, and if you use a stand that can’t handle your heavy engine, you may end up causing injury to yourself or damage to your engine. Always check the weight rating on the stand against the weight of your engine before use.
+Inspect The Stand For Damage Before Use
+If you use your engine stand every day, you may find that the stand begins to wear down over time. No matter how often you use it, you must check your engine stand for damage before you mount the engine. Inspect all bolts while the stand is unloaded, and ensure that the operation works correctly before mounting your engine.
+Clear Obstructions From Your Work Area
+Before you begin work, it’s important that you clear any obstruction from your work area. If you start to lift and mount your engine without realizing that something is blocking the space that you’ll be using, you may find your engine getting caught or stuck. If you are prevented from mounting the engine properly because of an obstruction, you risk dropping and damaging your engine.
+Use The Stand On Solid Ground
+If you work in a finished workshop then you’ll likely have a smooth concrete floor. However, hobbyists who work in barns or gravel driveways will find that their engine stands are not fully stable and supported. It’s essential that you only use your engine stand on a finished surface, so that you increase the stability and reduce the risk of the stand tipping over.
+Tips And Tricks For Using An Engine Stand
+Efficient use of your engine stand is essential in maintaining a high level of productivity. Here, we present you with tips and tricks for using an engine stand.
+Mating The Engine And Stand
+The most difficult part of using an engine stand is mating the engine to the stand. The most logical way to do this is to level the engine so that it is in line with the stand while it’s still on the floor, but this is actually the wrong way to go about it. Rather, remove the head assembly from the stand and connect it to the engine before you lift it. It is much easier to position connect the stand while the engine is in the air.
+Use The Correct Bolts For Your Engine
+Achieving the perfect connection between the stand and the engine is the most essential part of the process, and an inefficient coupling can lead to all sorts of safety concerns. The key to getting a great fit is to ensure that you use the appropriate bolts that suit your engine. Make sure you have a selection on hand if you work on many different engine types, so that you will always have the right connection.
+Lubricate Your Rotating Head
+What makes your engine stand so useful is the ability to rotate your engine so that you can reach all parts of it. Unfortunately, due to the design of many stands, this ability may reduce over time. You can keep your engine stand easily movable by lubricating both the rotating head as well as the inner tube so that you reduce the friction and keep everything slick.
+What To Look For When Choosing An Engine Stand
+Before choosing an engine stand, there are several important factors to consider. Here, we take you through what to look for when choosing an engine stand.
+Weight Capacity
+Your engine stands weight capacity requirements will differ depending on what kind of engines you primarily work on. While 1,000 lbs capacity engine stands will suffice for most standard model engines, you may find that a larger capacity can help you work on those project cars you’ve been thinking about. Make sure you know the weight of your engine before you fix it to the stand to prevent injuries.
+Stability
+Keeping your engine stable while you work on it is essential. With more movement, you’ll find that you are more at risk of making mistakes, that could end up being costly. When choosing an engine stand, you should focus on the features that will give you more stability, so that you can be confident and comfortable while you work.
+Portability
+Engine stands make your work so much easier in many ways, but one of the most desired functions is the ability to move your engine from one place to another. This is achieved through the wheels that are mounted onto the bottom of the frame. Not all engine stands have this feature, so if this is important to you, then finding a stand that has wheels is a must.
+Usability
+Engine stands come in a range of styles and prices, but one key feature you should look for if you want to maximize your usability is a hand crank. This feature will allow you to easily rotate your engine no matter how heavy it is, by dispersing the pressure required to make the turn. If you feel like you need the extra help in rotating your engine, choose a stand that has a hand crank.
+Frequently Asked Questions
+Q: What weight capacity does an engine stand have?
+A: Most engine stands fit within a defined weight range. The most common stands will support 1,000 lbs, while others will allow you to mount engines up to 1,5000 or 2,000 lbs.
+Q: Do engine stands hold motorcycle engines?
+A: Not all engine stands will work with a motorcycle engine, due to the confirmation of the mounting apparatus. For more flexibility, choose an engine stand that features adjustable arms.
+Q: Do you need a hoist to use an engine stand?
+A: Engines are extremely heavy, and trying to mount them to an engine stand without a hoist can lead to disaster. Always use a proper hoist to lift your engine into place.
+Q: What size bolts do I need for an engine stand?
+A: While engine stands come in many configurations and capacities, one thing is common between them: they require bolts that are 3/8-16 inches in diameter.
+Q: What is the best way to get the engine onto the stand?
+A: Always bolt the mounting place to the engine before sliding it back onto the stand. This helps you to keep things extra stable while the engine is unsecured.
+Conclusion
+Which engine stand is right for you? Our favorite is the OTC engine stand, thanks to it’s super strong design and attention to detail.
+Not only does it allow for comfortable use, but it looks great in the workshop, too. While more expensive than some of the other stands on this list, you’ll enjoy years of solid use from this stand.
+Incorporating an engine stand into your workshop allows you to conveniently work on your projects, small or large.
+Choosing the right engine stand for your particular engine can be a difficult process, but with a good eye for detail and attention to specifications, you can remove and support your engine with your safety in mind.
+By using our guide, you can find the best engine stand for your project.
+The Team That Worked On This Review
+Elena
+Senior Editor
+Eric
+Web Researcher
+Kathy
+Writer
+Albert
+Writer
+We live in the era of Big Data, where there's no quality that can't be quantitized. Nate Silver's FiveThirtyEight, which devotes itself to "data-based journalism," may be the first site to be organized around a methodology rather than an area of interest or a point of view -- the idea being that Silver's brand of ostensibility objective number-crunching is a selling point regardless of how or to what it's applied.
+In "Screening for Hacks," Vocativ's Adam K. Raymond and Matan Gilat turns the tools of Big Data to America's film critics, ranking their top 50 critics against the average Metacritic score of the movies they reviews to determine, in their words, ?"
+These are their results, delivered, of course, in handy infographic form.
+I could quarrel with Raymond and Gilat's methodology in a dozen different ways, beginning with the fact that Metacritic's scores are notoriously unreliable gauges of an individual review's assessment: It's not uncommon for a critic to write that they think is a lukewarm review only to have it slapped with a Metacritic score of 80, or vice-versa, and though the site will sometimes alter the score if the critic writes in to complain it doesn't reflect what they wrote, no working critic has time to police every rating. There's the fact that these 50 critics, selected by such nebulous qualifiers as "reach and reputation, the frequency of their reviews, and whether or not they’re still in the game, with a focus on those who write for newspapers, magazines and websites people actually read," are then measured against a movie's overall Metascore, a weighted average calculated according to a proprietary formula to which the Vocativ authors do not have access, which is why the dividing line between shills and haters falls two-thirds of the way down their list rather than in the middle.
+But let's stipulate, for a moment, that Raymond and Gilat's methodology is sound, and provides an accurate record of which critics regularly rank big-budget movies above their peers. That tells us... what, exactly? In exploring the data, and awarding such titles as "Least Discerning Critic in America," they take it as read that critics who stick out from the herd are less valuable than those who vote with it. Owen Gleiberman, we're informed, not only liked "Confessions of a Shopaholic," but "gave it a higher grade than 'Goodfellas,'" while his former Entertainment Weekly colleague looked kindly on Britney Spears' "Crossroads." (Funny how their analysis denigrates female-focused films while holding up Martin Scorsese's tough-guy opus as the inarguable gold standard, innit?) Meanwhile, the Wall Street Journal's Joe Morgenstern is singled out as the "biggest hater," for the sin of rating movies 13 percent lower than his colleagues and nearly 23 percent lower than their their average Rotten Tomatoes user review.
+What strikes me looking over the breakdown is that, as far as the critics whom I consider the most perceptive and fun to read, there's no distinction between those who fall above the line and those below it. I never would have guessed that Wesley Morris ranks movies 10 percent higher than A.O. Scott, and knowing it now doesn't change the way I think of them in the slightest. What Raymond and Gilat's method divulges is not really which critics are more and less discerning, but which run closest to the middle of the pack -- which is to say, who's the most average. No offense to the Chicago Reader's "straight shooter" J.R. Jones, who's singled out for most consistently agreeing with a movie's Metascore, but that's not actually a compliment.
+Reducing a piece of criticism, which, when done right, is as much an argument as an evaluation, to a numerical score is problematic in the first place. It takes the art that critics have spend their careers honing and boils it down to the one part that any idiot can do: The web hasn't proven that "anyone can be a critic," but it's certainly proven that anyone can slap a grade onto a work of art. If you want to know what everyone thinks, the user ratings on IMDb or Rotten Tomatoes are the best place to look (although it's fairly obvious that their user base skews heavily white and male). If you want to know what an individual critic thinks -- and, more importantly, how they think -- you turn to a review, which is to say, an articulate and informed argument, and not simple the letter grade or star rating that sits atop it. (One of my pet peeves is the substitution of "good" for "positive" in describing a review, as if it weren't possible to write a "good" review whose overall judgement was negative.) It's worth noting that the bulk of the 15 critics below Raymond and Gilat's dividing line don't employ any kind of rating system, which might sooner suggest that Metacritic is more likely to tag an unrated review with a low score rather than that those critics are a bunch of Debbie Downers.
+For the most part, "Screening for Hacks" is harmless fluff, of interest only to those for whom a critic's "reliability" and her or his proximity to the mean are one and the same. But in perpetuating the idea that a critic's function can be reduced to a series of plots on a graph, it devalues that actual work that they do in a time when critics need to heighten the distinction at every turn. No one ever spent four hours slaving over a star rating.
+12 Comments
+Dave (or Fred, whatever, it's all good) | May 7, 2014 5:47 PM
+"...But in perpetuating the idea that a critic's function can be reduced to a series of plots on a graph, it devalues that actual work that they do..."
+But isn't that what critics do themselves? Reduce months/years of work into dismissive paragraphs of hyperbole, conjecture and opinion? Just a thought, here..
+Thomas Prieto | May 1, 2014 8:25 PM
+I think you guys meant J.R. Jones, not his Chicago Reader colleague, Ben Sachs.
+Michael Denvir | April 30, 2014 8:19 PM
+I'm agnostic as to the value of this infographic, but I will point out that it actually measures the numbers assigned to critics' reviews rather than the reviewers themselves, so it might be helpful as a guide to evaluating the metacritic value from assigned to a particular review from one of the outlying reviewers.
+Greg Cwik | April 30, 2014 5:21 PM
+Lumping together all critics from all forms of media is innately silly; an online-based writer, like Scott Tobias or Keith Phipps or Dana Stevins, has far more freedom and a more malleable word count limit with which they can work. Their audience is more nebulous, at once niche and arguably wider-ranging. Writers at EW (I refuse to write out the words, as "ew" feels far more apt for what that magazine has become) or the Tampa Bay whatever are writing for different readers than The Dissolve, Slate, AV Club and Indiewire (the last two sadly absent from the faux-study). In short, this is stupid, and I'm a 24-year-old curmudgeon.
+Sean Axmaker | April 30, 2014 1:23 PM
+Wouldn't the "least discerning" critic, if you are using statistics rather than content as your guide, be the critic who gives more positive reviews to films at the bottom of the Metacritic (or Rotten Tomatoes or whatever bar you're measuring by) scale than any other critic? It's a meaningless experiment however you crunch the numbers because numbers don't measure critical engagement or quality of writing.
+Fernanda | April 30, 2014 12:47 PM
+We will some day come to realize that anyone can be a critic. "Anyone" meaning, any person who can construct an intelligible argument about their sensory-intellectual experience. And we will come to realize that all our pretty theories about the supposed value of certain objects (and assuming films have value is QUITE a presupposition) are completely ridiculous and the result of the desperate clinging to a very distant tradition which is kept alive in a way very similar to Poe's Valdemar. Words like beauty, genius and value are nothing but the empty vessels of a bygone era and its greatest hopes and fears. The conditions of possibility for such wordings are, now, non-existent.
+The future of art criticism as "specialized work" -based in class privileges, ideological entrapment, and a very clear despise of the "stupid masses"- is very much like the future Nietzsche dreamed for philology: disappearance.
+Louisa | April 30, 2014 12:47 PM
+Owen Gleiberman, an excellent critic in my opinion, was recently fired by Entertainment Weekly after working there for two decades so the magazine can publish unpaid reviews by unknown critics. Disgusting! I will never read "EW" again.
+Keith Phipps | April 30, 2014 12:46 PM
+I used to be the critical consensus (or "most conformist" or whatever) the last time someone crunched these numbers. (A 2009 Slate piece called "Can A Film Critic Be Too Contrarian," which I'm not being allowed to link to.)
+Is my ascent to generosity progress? I don't know!
+Vince Mancini | April 30, 2014 12:05 PM
+I can't even fathom being so dumb and boring that your idea of a "good critic" is someone who's the nipple on the bell curve. You certainly don't need a graph to find yourself a boring, predictable film critic.
+Official Release:
+New Spotlight Video Helps Chevy Owners Visualize the Possibilities
+PAOLI, Pa. (October 2020) – Aftermarket parts retailer AmericanTrucks (AT) releases a new video in their “Customer Builds” series. Hosted by AT’s Adam Maqboul, the virtual meetup features a 2010 5.3L Chevy Silverado owned by Roy Martinez. Chevy owners can browse Roy’s profile page on AT’s website for additional details, images, and a full breakdown of his mods list.
+The video begins with a look at Roy’s suspension setup. As Roy admits, owning a truck is what kickstarted his interest in the off-road community. The leveled lift on a coil-over with some aggressive tires makes his Silverado look higher than it really is. Adam and Roy discuss his choice for a Barricade pre-runner style front bumper with skid plate.
+He wanted to incorporate the light bar and was pleased with all the additional options it offered. Running boards, fender flares, a cold air intake, and an aggressive-sounding muffler, are a few of Roy’s completed upgrades. He’s even added a full-size truck tent to complement his outdoor adventures. As the video wraps up, viewers will learn what’s on Roy’s wish list when it comes to future mods. It’s a project that shows no signs of slowing down anytime soon.
+AT’s new series sheds light on the inspiration behind specific customer builds. This 2010 5.3L Silverado is a prime example of some popular parts and accessories truck owners will want to have on their radar. Customers can head to Roy’s dedicated spotlight page to shop his mods list, view additional images and read personal comments on his installation experience. The series has proved to be popular with AT’s customers. The retailer plans to release more videos in the upcoming.
+obviously like your web-site however you have to take a look at the spelling on several of your posts. Many of them are rife with spelling problems and I to find it very troublesome to tell the truth then again I will certainly come back again. Laney Orazio Stanfill
+This blog post was great Thank you for creating it. Melisenda Gard Odom
+Wow, amazing blog structure! How long have you been running a blog for? you made running a blog glance easy. The overall look of your website is excellent, let alone the content material! Selene Abbott Charlie
+DOMAIN SERVICES EXPIRATION NOTICE FOR doctorexcuse.org Almira Ruy Ligetti
+Everyone loves it when folks come together and share thoughts. Great site, keep it up!| Annadiane Swen Armillas
+happy day, I need to know more about the cryptocurrency that is mine free called trader, it seems an excellent option to invest and to use you? Hetty Piggy Herculie
+At force creating refusing coercion, they in operation the penis suser.slibende.se/online-konsultation/nielsen-flensborg.php to swell, stretching the penises tissues. An equipment-free modification of pumping called Jelqing involves rolling the fingers from the undignified of the penis toward the chief chairman of the game table apparatchik, pushing blood against the side of the penis like a balloon, he says. Rosette Fidole Perrin
+Having read this I believed it was extremely enlightening. I appreciate you spending some time and energy to put this content together. I once again find myself personally spending a significant amount of time both reading and leaving comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile! Nathalie Albert Wills
+Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you penning this article and the rest of the website is extremely good. Anthiathia Gallagher Halonna
+Go to Pure CBD Selection for the best pure cbd oil. You can buy pure cbd oil that is full spectrum or broad spectrum. Make sure to sign up for there newsletter to receive a free coupon code. Edithe Paton Serrell
+I have learn several excellent stuff here. Definitely worth bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how so much effort you put to make the sort of wonderful informative web site. Rose Gordan Claribel
+There is certainly a lot to find out about this subject. I love all of the points you have made. Carroll Broderic Moretta Daile Francois Puklich
+I really wanted to type a quick note to thank you for some of the unique techniques you are posting at this website. My particularly long internet search has at the end of the day been rewarded with reliable facts and techniques to talk about with my two friends. I would claim that many of us site visitors are definitely blessed to be in a magnificent community with very many outstanding individuals with beneficial things. I feel extremely privileged to have used your webpage and look forward to plenty of more fun times reading here. Thank you again for all the details. Sayre Skell Glick
+I blog frequently and I really thank you for your information. Your article has really peaked my interest. I will bookmark your blog and keep checking for new information about once a week. I opted in for your RSS feed too.| Karilynn York Pages
+Having read this I thought it was very enlightening. I appreciate you spending some time and energy to put this content together. I once again find myself spending a significant amount of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile! Larine Edward Leatri
+certainly like your web-site but you need to take a look at the spelling on several of your posts. A number of them are rife with spelling issues and I find it very bothersome to tell the truth then again I will definitely come again again. Lissie Eward Truscott
+ă•ă‚©ăĽă©ă ă®ă•ă‚ŁăĽă‰ăăă‚Ż nutrivix 写真ă®ĺ‰ŤĺľŚ 本当ă®ć„Źč¦‹ nutrivix 置換 薬局ă®äľˇć Ľ nutrivix amazon ebay
+usually posts some extremely intriguing stuff like this. If youre new to this site
+“Everything is very open with a precise clarification of the challenges. It was really informative. Your website is very useful. Many thanks for sharing!”
+נערות ליווי בתל אביב
+Right here is the right blog for everyone who wishes
+to understand this topic. You understand so much its
+almost tough to argue with you (not that I actually will need
+to…HaHa). You definitely put a fresh spin on a topic
+which has been discussed for a long time. Great stuff, just
+vardenafil 20 mg vardenafil vs tadalafil vs viagra which gives better erection?
+buy tadalafil order tadalafil
+muse injection alprostadil penile suppository
+where can i get sildenafil with no prescription sildenafil 50 mg generic
+Somebody essentially assist to make seriously articles I might state.
+That is the first time I frequented your website page and so far?
+I amazed with the research you made to create this actual
+put up amazing. Excellent process! 0mniartist asmr. 0mniartist asmr
+En Kaliteli ,Porno64 Sikis Izle, HD Porno Sex, Türkçe Porno Videolari için Sitemize Bekleriz…
+I was able to find good information from your blog articles.
+asmr 0mniartist
+Hi there, the whole thing is going well here and ofcourse every one is sharing facts,
+that’s truly excellent, keep up writing. 0mniartist asmr
+naturally like your web site however you need to take a look at the spelling on several of your posts. A number of them are rife with spelling issues and I in finding it very troublesome to tell the truth nevertheless I’ll certainly come again again.
+Good day! Do you know if they make any plugins to protect against hackers?
+I’m kinda paranoid about losing everything I’ve worked hard on.
+Any tips? 0mniartist asmr
+Heya i am for the primary time here. I came across this board and I in finding
+It really helpful & it helped me out a lot. I hope
+to present one thing again and help others like you aided me.
+0mniartist asmr
+meet singles online
+free local personal ads
+I just like the helpful information you supply for your articles.
+I will bookmark your weblog and check once more here frequently.
+I’m relatively certain I will learn many new stuff proper
+right here! Best of luck for the following!
+site
+usa
+Форсаж Хоббс и Шоу 2021
+Портрет девушки в огне онлайн фильм
+Герой кино
+Чудо женщина фильм 2021
+Байкеры 3 в хорошем качестве
+Большая шишка 5
+usa
+Девятаев смотреть онлайн
+психолог
+I like it when folks come together and share ideas. Great website, stick with it!
+It’s not my first time to visit this site, i am browsing this web page dailly
+and take fastidious data from here everyday. certainly be back.
+Heya i’m for the first time here. I found
+this board and I to find It truly helpful & it
+helped me out much. I am hoping to provide something again and aid others
+like you aided me.
+захар беркут 2019 дивитись українською
+how to use tinder , tindr
+tinder dating app
+constantly i used to read smaller posts that as well clear their motive,
+and that is also happening with this piece of writing which I am reading at this
+place.
+Hey there! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be okay.
+I’m undoubtedly enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.
+order stromectol – ivermectin 0.5 ivermectin lotion price
+Whoa! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a completely different subject but it has
+pretty much the same page layout and design. Great choice of colors!
+I would like to thank you for the efforts you have
+put in penning this blog. I am hoping to see the same high-grade
+blog posts by you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has motivated
+me to get my own website now 😉
+I love gathering useful info, this post has got me even more info! .
+It’s remarkable to pay a quick visit this web page and reading the views of all
+friends concerning this paragraph, while I am also
+keen of getting know-how.
+I think this is among the most significant information for me. And i am glad reading your article. But wanna remark on few general things, The website style is ideal, the articles is really excellent : D. Good job, cheers
+проекция это в психологии простыми словами
+тест механизмы психологической защиты
+how to use tinder , tinder dating app
+Скажи ей 2021 смотреть онлайн
+scoliosis
+I am really enjoying the theme/design of your weblog.
+Do you ever run into any internet browser compatibility
+problems? A small number of my blog readers have complained
+about my website not operating correctly in Explorer but looks great in Chrome.
+Do you have any ideas to help fix this problem?
+scoliosis
+scoliosis
+Can I just say what a comfort to uncover someone who actually understands what they are
+talking about on the internet. You certainly know how to bring an issue to
+light and make it important. A lot more people have to look at this and understand this side
+of your story. It’s surprising you’re not more popular since you
+definitely have the gift. scoliosis
+scoliosis but it just seems like the
+first 10 to 15 minutes tend to be lost just trying to figure
+out how to begin. Any suggestions or tips? Appreciate it!
+scoliosis
+free dating sites
+Hi there, I do believe your web site could be having internet browser
+compatibility issues. Whenever I look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine but when opening in I.E., it has some overlapping issues.
+I simply wanted to give you a quick heads up! Aside from that, great site!
+dating sites
+free dating sites
+Simply wish to say your article is as surprising. The clarity for
+your post is just cool and that i could think you’re knowledgeable on this subject.
+Well along with your permission allow me to seize your feed to keep updated with drawing close post.
+Thank you one million and please carry on the enjoyable work.
+free dating sites
+Wow, fantastic blog layout! How long have you been blogging for?
+you make blogging look easy. The overall look of your website is excellent, as well as the
+Why You Can’t Soulmate Sketch Reviews Without Facebook
+Hello, constantly i used to check weblog posts here in the early hours in the morning,
+as i love to find out more and more.Why You Can’t Soulmate Sketch Reviews Without Facebook.
+Amazing issues here. I am very glad to look your article.
+Thank you so much and I am having a look forward to
+contact you. Will you please drop me a e-mail?
+Aw, this was an exceptionally good post. Spending some time and actual effort to generate a good article… but what can I say… I
+put things off a lot and never manage to get nearly anything done.
+Hello to every one, it’s truly a good for me to pay a visit this site, it consists of valuable Information.
+Hello, every time i used to check weblog posts here early in the dawn, because i enjoy to find out more and more.
+Fantastic beat ! I wish to apprentice whilst you amend
+your web site, how can i subscribe for a weblog site?
+The account helped me a applicable deal. I were a little bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided
+vibrant clear idea
+I delight in, result in I discovered exactly what I used to be looking for.
+You’ve ended my 4 day lengthy hunt! God Bless you man.
+Have a great day. Bye
+Whoa! This blog looks just like my old one! It’s on a entirely different topic but it has
+pretty much the same page layout and design. Great choice of colors!
+Hi! Do you know if they make any plugins to protect against
+hackers? I’m kinda paranoid about losing everything I’ve
+worked hard on. Any tips?
+I like the valuable info you provide in your articles. I’ll bookmark your blog
+and check again here regularly. I’m quite certain I’ll learn plenty of new
+stuff right here! Best of luck for the next!
+Everything is very open with a really clear clarification of the issues.
+It was definitely informative. Your site is extremely
+helpful. Thank you for sharing!
+Хрустальный
+Major thankies for the blog article.Much thanks again. Much obliged.
+sandhyavandanam tamil book pdf free download Microsoft Office Onenote 2007 Gratuitement presque mort full book pdf
+Traiteur Casino Cannes Geant Casino Rayon Television Saint AndrГ© De Cubzac Sujet Casino Bts 2015
+Coiffeur Geant Casino La Valentine Spin Palace Casino Francais A But Non Lucratif Batman Arkham Knight Soluce Homme Mystere Casino
+cialis cheapest online prices
+viagra in united states viagra canada paypal payment – is viagra government funded
+It’s actually a cool and helpful piece of info. I’m glad that you shared this useful info with us.
+Please keep us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.
+I love it when individuals get together and share views.
+Great site, stick with it!
+Тілоохоронець дружини кілера безкоштовно 2021 українською мовою онлайн HD
+Демонік
+eskişehir anahtarcı
+odunpazarı çilingir
+eskişehir çilingir
+eskişehir çilingir
+eskişehir iş ilanları
+eskişehir çilingir
+eskişehir oto anahtar
+eskişehir soğutma
+eskişehir firmaları
+çilingir
+222rehber
+tepebaşı çilingir
+Hello Dear, are you truly visiting this website daily, if so afterward you will absolutely get pleasant experience.
+Ik wens je plezier en succes met je experiment. Ik hoop dat het lukt.
+I am very happy to look your post. Thanks a lot and i am taking a look ahead to touch you..
+I just couldn’t leave your website prior to suggesting that I actually loved the usual information an individual provide in your visitors? Is gonna be back frequently to check out new posts.
+You have brought up a very wonderful details , appreciate it for the post.
+Hi there! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m absolutely enjoying your blog and look forward to new posts.
+Wow, amazing blog structure! How long have you been running a blog for? you make running a blog glance easy. The whole glance of your web site is great, as smartly as the content!
+hydroxychloroquine and zinc quinine vs chloroquine is hydroxychloroquine the same as quinine
+(upbeat music) – What’s up guys, welcome
+to Day 1562 of the vlogs, and today we have an awesome
+surprise up our sleeves for you and the kids. Speaking of kids, we just picked
+them up from Mamaw’s house. How was Tarzan? – Good.
+– [Bryce] Good. – [Clintus] You guys went
+to see Tarzan, was it a really good movie? Favorite part? – It’s really cool, like– – I don’t wanna spoil it! (laughing) – It’s really good when
+he becomes Tarzan. – When he becomes Tarzan. When Tarzan becomes Tarzan. – And in the previews, you guys probably already
+know this happened, but when he fights gorillas. – He fights gorillas. Yeah, anything that’s in a teaser is not really a spoiler, so he can say that. Anyways, we just picked them up, we’re leaving Mamaw’s house and we are heading
+in a general direction. So here’s a first hint, we’re gonna go
+shopping for something. So I’m going to give
+you three options. You each get one guess. Three options are, no, hang on. I’m gonna give you three options, and you guys get to give
+us your one guess, alright? First option: new house. Two: new dirt bike. Three: a new car. Sierra, what guess do you have? – House? – Sierra says house. Bryce, what do you say? – Dirt bike. – Dirt bike? – I want the house, but I think we’re gonna
+get the dirt bikes. – Those were the two
+I was thinking in my head, like, oh, it’s either
+gonna be a house or the dirt bikes. – I don’t get a new car? – [Bryce] Well, yeah,
+it can’t be a car. – You said you’re not
+gonna buy a new car until we get a new house. – Oh, I did say that. I did say, “Mommy’s not
+allowed to get a new car “until we get a new house.” – [Bryce] So it’s not the car. – Aw, I just ruined, okay. Alright, so it’s between
+the house and the dirt bike, which is what you
+guys said, right? You’re voting house,
+you’re voting dirt bike? We shall see. Alright, you guys
+ready to find out? ‘Cause I mean,
+basically once we drive up to this destination,
+you’ll know what it is. So you ready? – Yeah. – Today, we are going to go look at… new dirt bikes! – Okay.
+– [Bryce] Okay. (laughing) – [Tiffany] For me! – [Clintus] For her! – [Bryce] Quads? – Just kidding. (Clintus laughing) – [Clintus] Actually we
+should, though. While we’re out looking,
+might as well get you on some and have you sit on them. – [Bryce] I wanna do the houses. – [Clintus] You wanna
+do the houses? You said dirt bike, though. – I know, because I knew– – [Clintus] Oh, you knew,
+you knew! But you’d rather look at houses? Well, that will come soon enough, ’cause I’m gonna call and we’re
+gonna get a realtor going. We’re gonna get
+the whole thing started. – [Voiceover] Five years later. – So our first destination is
+gonna be North Valley Honda. It’s the bike shop that I
+bought my KX450 at last year. Great people, they gave
+me a great price, and so that’s our first place. And then after that, because they only sell
+Hondas and Kawasakis, we’ll probably go
+to another location and look at like Suzukis,
+Yamahas, KTMs, that sort of thing and just kinda
+get a feel for the bikes, for their sizes, and get like a price on it. Oh, you guys, they’re closed! They’re closed on Sundays. – [Tiffany] Fail.
+– Dude, seriously, when I was a kid, and my dad can attest to this if I call my dad right now, dirt bike shops were
+always open on Sundays because everyone was
+riding on Sundays, right? So they’d go out to get
+your last-minute gear, you have to go
+get your, you know. And it’s Sunday,
+everyone’s off work. And they would
+close on Mondays. But dirt bike shops were
+always closed on Mondays. So I was like, oh,
+we’re good, it’s Sunday, no big deal. They’re closed! Oh, no. Bummer, dude. – [Tiffany] That one’s definitely closed. – [Clintus] That is
+definitely closed, yeah. – I think we just passed, there’s a couple shops on
+Cave Creek here, right? – Yeah, Cave Creek’s a very
+busy dirt bike-y place. That’s why I came down here, ’cause I knew there were shops. Cycle Gear’s down there, but that’s a gear to get gear. So yeah, we’ll go back. And that shop was open, there was dirt bikes
+outside of the other shops. We’ll go to that other place. But we’re definitely
+gonna come back here, ’cause like I said, they gave
+me a great deal on my bike and something tells me they’ll
+give me another great deal on their bike. Of course a lot of you guys say we need to get one
+of these four-seaters. This is a two-seater, a
+four-seater would be good. Oh, these are single-seaters. I didn’t even know they
+made single-seaters. That’s a single-seater, whoa! I didn’t know they made those. Yeah, well, not if you
+have one and I have one. Yeah, a lot of people
+want us to get a Razor, and I want a Razor, I do. I do want a Razor. But we need a trailer
+to haul the Razor and Tiffany doesn’t really
+want to haul a trailer. So it means I need
+to get a toy hauler, which means I need
+to get a bigger truck. So this is all future stuff. Alright, so there it is. There’s a YZ1, what was it, TTR. TTR 110.
+– [Voiceover] I like how the blue looks. – [Clintus] So that’s a Yamaha. – [Bryce] I think this is our size. – [Clintus] That’s what
+you shoulda got, that’s the first bike
+we shoulda got you. That’s a PW50. That’s what I should
+have gotten you guys. – [Tiffany] That thing is so cute. – [Clintus] I know. – I can’t lift it up. I wanna do a wheelie. – [Clintus] No.
+– This feels smaller than the one we have right now. – [Clintus] It’s lower, yeah. But it’s actually a bigger engine, it’s 110. Yours is a 65. So this is a TTR 125. It’s got an electric start. – What’s an electric start? – [Clintus] You don’t
+have to kick it. You start it up. – Which size is the
+actual racers ride? – [Clintus] 250s and 450s. Down here. – [Bryce] Those are 230s, 250s. – [Clintus] Yep. That’s a WR, that’s off-road. This is a two-stroke. This is what
+Uncle Austin wants to get. Uncle Austin wants
+a 250 two-stroke. – What about this? – [Clintus] These are two-strokes. 125, 250. – [Bryce] Where are the four-strokes? – [Clintus] Four-strokes
+are right here, yep. And see, look, come here. You know how you know? Here’s how you know,
+right there, bam. Look at that pipe. See that pipe?
+– [Bryce] Yeah. – [Clintus] Those are two-strokes. Four-strokes have the skinny pipe and the big muffler in the back. So that’s like my bike, 450. – [Bryce] Yeah, you can
+tell the difference. 250, 450, you can tell
+the size difference. – [Sierra] Wait, that’s 450s? – [Clintus] Yeah, so these
+bikes are kinda the same. Two-stroke, four-stroke,
+but they’re the same class. And then these are 250 and 125. Oh, that’s a WR, that’s
+an off-road edition. They don’t even have a 250– – [Sierra] Can we get a Suzuki, or– – [Clintus] These are Suzukis right here. So here’s your bike. Oh, it’s an 85. Never mind, that’s an 85. And then these are 250s. Four-strokes. – [Sierra] Yeah, like,
+it’s not that (mumbles). – [Clintus] And then we
+got quads for Tiffany. There’s a 450, there’s a 700. 700 Can-Am. No, right here. Oh, that’s a 450 too. – [Tiffany] You want a kid’s one? – [Clintus] That’s a kid’s one. Yeah, that’s basically
+what Bryce was riding at Brian’s, right? – It looked much cooler, though. – [Clintus] Hey, there we go,
+there’s a 200 automatic there. That’s totally a kid’s one,
+but Mommy could ride that. Hop on that real quick, see. Yeah. – Are we gonna get Mommy a… Oh, Sierra! Sierra, come here, look it! Do you want to drive or do
+you want to get in the back? – [Clintus] Yes, it actually fits you! That actually fits you. – [Bryce] Yeah, Mommy! – [Clintus] It looks smaller, but it actually fits you, because you’re so tiny. – This one I’ll be able to handle. – [Clintus] You could handle that. – Very slow at first. – [Clintus] 3600. Oh, how you feeling,
+how you feeling? You think you can handle that?
+– Maybe. – [Clintus] You want one? – Can you buy me one, please? – [Clintus] Let’s see, your
+birthday’s already over, Mother’s Day’s already over, so I guess we need Christmas? (laughs) Hey, look at that,
+a double-seater! Bryce is in charge. – Can I do the… – [Clintus] That’s the throttle. – I got the backseat, though. – [Clintus] Doesn’t matter, it’s off. That thing is huge. – He controls the quad, but I get to have the backseat. – We can drive this. – [Clintus] What do you think, Sierra? You like that? It’s got a kickstand. No clutch, though. There’s no clutch. So that’s interesting.
+– Can we shift, though? – [Clintus] No, there’s
+still a shifter. The shifter’s right there. – But it twirls? – [Clintus] You just let
+off the gas, and you shift it, I guess. – That’s the kill button, right? – [Clintus] Yep. Bryce, that one has a clutch. – What’s this one, then? There’s two buttons on
+here, I’m getting confused. – [Clintus] So that’s… Oh, is it an electric start, too? It looks like an electric start. – [Sierra] And what’s this? – That’s the killswitch. Alright, so at this location, they’ve got a TTR 110 for $2240, and it’s not an automatic,
+but there’s no clutch. – [Sierra] You just shift. – You just shift. That’s our first option. – [Sierra] I want that. – On to the next store. Alrighty. Bellies are full of Mexican food. Time for one more shop. ‘Cause really, every other
+store we looked at’s closed. I’m like, why are they
+closed on Sundays? So we got one more
+shop to look at. Hopefully they’ve got
+a couple other brands, ’cause the first
+place only really had the Yamaha in their size. They carry Suzuki, but they
+didn’t have any in their size. So I’m hoping that Honda
+and Kawasakis are here. We’ll see. Alright, so they’ve
+got all the brands. Hondas, Kawasakis,
+Yamahas, Suzukis. You’re right,
+they don’t have KTM. – They don’t have KTM. – [Clintus] At least
+they’re not over here. There’s some more on
+the other side, he said. So that’s the 110. What do you think, you think
+Sierra’s too big for that? – My legs are long. – [Clintus] Your legs are long, I know. But as far as like power-wise, I know that’s the right
+size bike for you, as far as power. But yeah, I’m worried
+that you’re too tall. Put your right leg up, put your right leg up. – [Bryce] This is my size. – [Clintus] Yeah, see, you’re almost too tall for that, Sierra. That’s the right size for
+you, Bryce, you think? Little 70? (laughs) Pee wee bike. That’s like the last
+red bike you had. Same size. They don’t have any Kawasaki 110s. They’ve got this
+two-stroke 100, though. And then there’s 85. Those are still too big for you. – This is my new car, guys. – [Clintus] It’s almost
+like the Batmobile. It’s kinda like the Batmobile. That’s your new ride? – This is cool. – It’s a new car, right? – [Clintus] It’s a good fit for you. – Basically a car. This is my next car, guys. – [Clintus] What do you guys think? Should we ditch the
+name brand stuff and just go with
+these old pit bikes? That an automatic, Bryce? – [Bryce] I guess, yeah. – [Clintus] I don’t know,
+but there’s a shifter. There’s no clutch, though. So you just shift
+it without a clutch. I just feel like it’s a 50, right? It’s a small engine,
+like I feel like you would just grow out of it. You would just grow
+out of it so fast. It’s a big bike, though. I mean, it’s got suspension for me. I could put my butt on there. Wow, guys, I’m mega-bummed, like, what a fail. We were totally excited to
+go looking for dirt bikes and surprise the kids,
+and like, A, it’s Sunday and almost all the
+stores are closed, and B, the two stores we went to literally only had a Yamaha. That’s all they had, which I’m not saying
+anything against Yamaha, but I kinda wanted to have
+the kids sit on each one, get a feel for
+which one’s like, taller, which one, the seat
+feels better, right? Get some competition with
+the prices and whatnot. And like, nothing. So we definitely
+have to come back. We definitely have
+to go during the week when all the
+other shops are open. I definitely want to
+have Kawasakis and Hondas, which are my two leading
+brands that I want the kids to possibly get. It would be nice if
+we all rode Kawasakis, but Hondas are a close second. So, yeah. Sorry, guys. Fail dirt bike shopping. (blows raspberry) Alright, guys, so we
+made our way back home. Tiff and I kinda talked a little bit, and we’ll probably have to
+wait ’til after our trip, which we’re going
+on a trip this week, in case you didn’t know. I kinda hinted at that. We have an action-packed week, you guys don’t want to miss it. I mean, like, seriously. It’s gonna be awesome. I’ve never been to this place. But anyways, we’ll have to wait ’til we
+come back after our trip to go back and look
+at the dirt bikes, but I’m feeling pretty good. The research I’ve done, like I said, it’s gonna be between the Kawasaki
+and the Honda. I just want the kids
+to sit on them first. So after our trip, stay tuned. New dirt bike for
+one of these kids. I don’t know which one yet. I’ll buy it and then
+whoever’s my favorite, I’ll give them the bike. Anyways, I’m joking, by the way. I don’t have a favorite,
+I don’t have favorites. We’re gonna play some
+Magic: The Gathering. These kids are super excited, I built their decks yesterday, and that’s all that’s
+been on their mind, other than the dirt bike, is to play. So we’ve got our decks shuffled, and our seven cards dealt. So here we go. Magic: The Gathering. Alright, we’re well into the game. And I just told the kids,
+put their hands on the table so that I can kinda
+see what they have and kinda walk them through
+the different steps, ’cause there’s a lot to this game. There’s sorcery,
+there’s creatures, there’s enchantments,
+there’s instants. So it’s one of those things
+where they’re learning. They’re learning. So far, so good? What do you think? You getting bored yet? It’s a slow game. – We’re in the learning part, so. – [Clintus] It’s like school. You’re like, meh, school. – And this is one
+of my creatures. – That’s one of your creatures. That’s a dried cherry, don’t eat it. Alright, so after the first round, Bryce took out Sierra. So you eliminated Sierra, and then I eliminated Bryce. And the reason why I
+eliminated Bryce is why? – I made a mistake, so I tapped all three of these cards and I did two damage to Sierra, so that knocked her out, then I did three damage to you. – [Clintus] But, because you tapped all your creatures, what? – I couldn’t block, so when he has a creature
+that I could do six– – He only had six life,
+I had four creatures out and three of them
+could do enough damage to kill him out, let alone all of them together. So the lesson he learned was don’t attack
+with all your creatures when you have that low of life, ’cause you have
+nothing to block with. And what are you doing
+while we’re playing Magic? – This. – [Clintus] You’re still
+playing Best Fiends. – Yeah, it’s so addicting. – [Clintus] What level are you on? – Well, I got stuck, like at 47, then you have to
+do this special thing that has like 20 things within it. But it’s addicting. – Yeah, 47? Alright, so after two games, I won both. – Obviously. – Well, no, I mean, the first game you had me down to like, nine? I was down low, but the real
+question is this, okay? And honestly. No b.s., you two, okay? Did you like the game and do you wanna play it again? – [Bryce] Yes.
+– Yes. – Yes, both of you? – Can we do tournaments,
+like at that one place? – Well, once you know how to play, once I know that
+you can play by yourself, and I don’t have
+to give you any help, then you can play tournaments. – Yeah, I meant that, not like right now. – You, I was worried, though. It felt like you were getting bored. Is it because that last
+game was just really slow? – Yeah, like we didn’t get any land so we can put anything– – The way Magic works, guys, is you draw seven cards, you have seven
+cards in your hand, and if you don’t
+have any lands, you can’t do anything. And then once you have lands, you have to have things to do, and Bryce wasn’t
+getting any creatures. That was your other problem. You had all spells and instances. – So what I was doing was I was getting no land, but I was getting a
+whole lot of creatures. Then I got a whole bunch of land– – And no creatures.
+– [Bryce] And no creatures. I got a whole bunch of lands,
+put the creatures down– – And Sierra, you, same thing. You were getting no creatures, right? And when you did get one, we would attack
+and you’d lose them all. Anyway, so you
+guys are good, then? – Yeah, I like it. – Alright, cool, I’m excited. They just need more practice. It’s a game that takes
+time to learn the skill and what all the things do and when to use them. But even just
+in that second game, you guys were definitely
+picking things up. So I’m excited. Well, guys, this is the way
+we’re gonna end the vlog, hope you enjoyed it. Unfortunately, like I said, kind of epic fail when it
+came to going and looking at dirt bikes today, but like I said, when we get back
+from our trip this week, we’ll definitely go back out, hit up a couple more shops
+that were closed today, and we will make
+our final decision on a new dirt bike
+for the kids. This is our
+last-ditch effort, really. We buy this new bike,
+a new four-stroke, and if they don’t
+get the confidence, they don’t feel like riding, it might be the last dirt
+bike the kids ever own. But, speaking of
+dirt bikes, tomorrow Mike Junior Swag hit us up and wants to go
+ride in the morning, so I’m gonna
+go riding with them in the morning bright and early, so stay tuned tomorrow,
+dirt bike video. Whoo, vlog on.
+This page has been archived and commenting is disabled.
+A "Disappointing" August Case Shiller Misses, Prints 1.7% On Expectations Of 2.1%, Previous At 3.18%, Smallest Since February
+The very much outdated August Case Shiller Index comes at 148.59 compared to 148.91 previously, a sequential deterioration. The growth is just 1.7% Year over Year, compared to 3.18% in July, and a miss of expectations of 2.1%. This is the smallest Y/Y improvement since February. Look for this index to collapse in October when it is reported in December, once the full impact of fraudclosure is digested.
+In the meantime, the downward inflection point in CS is now very much obvious.
+. .”
+With August data, we find that 15 of the 20 MSAs and both Composites saw prices fall from their July values. Chicago, Detroit, Las Vegas, New York and Washington DC were the only five cities that recorded marginal improvements in home prices over July. The 10- and 20-City Composites were down 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively, in August versus July.
+Chicago, Detroit, New York and Washington DC have all posted at least four consecutive months of positive increases in home prices; but none of the MSAs had monthly increases of greater than 1% in August. San Diego, which had posted 15 consecutive months of positive monthly change, recorded a 0.6% drop in average home prices in August. The same is true of Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis, San Francisco, Seattle and the two Composites – they all broke their trend of several consecutive months of positive monthly gains with August’s report.
+The table below summarizes the results for August 2010. The S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Indices are revised for the 24 prior months, based on the receipt of additional source data. More than 23 years of history for these data series is available, and can be accessed in full by going to
+- 4291 reads
+- Printer-friendly version
+- Send to friend
+- advertisements -
+case-shiller excludes bank owned real estate... go figure
+Case Shiller excludes more than it includes. Think how many people did significant remodels or other home improvements in the past decade - all of those are excluded too.
+No they're not - read the methodology doc.
+Homes may be weighted less if they have a large price swing compared with surrounding homes, e.g. due to a large remodel. However this is as it should be, and such homes are not excluded, they are weighted less.
+The Case/Shiller methodology is actually quite good.
+Not true, REO is included when sold. It just is not included when foreclosed upon:
+"The most typical types of non-arms-length transactions are property transfers between family members and repossessions of properties by mortgage lenders at the beginning of foreclosure proceedings. Subsequent sales by mortgage lenders of foreclosed properties are included in repeat sale pairs, because they are arms-length transactions. "
+see page 17 on methodolgy
+What is the mystery of California's continued strength (relative to their totally ucked reality)?
+LA/SF/SD, up YOY? 5-6-7%? Whut?
+Something stinks in Fairyfax.
+ORI
+My gut reaction would be that speculators are targeting those areas first due to their perceived value as opposed to somewhere like Charlotte.
+It could very well be because, especially in L.A., the lower end market has already been oblierated (especially the IE), and the foreclosures and resulting foreclosure sales are slowly moving closer to the ocean.
+But if you look at CA's larger dysfunction, which is splashed all over the news, what with IOU's and the like.
+Maybe it's not just plain old speculators but manipulators?
+Very easy to target certain areas for continued (supposed) growth through a few well placed buys, right?
+I would put nothing beyond the banks.
+And then of course there is the Chinese angle, not to be dismissed.
+ORI
+Kudos, Tyler. You did it again.
+I went to ZH, no CS data. Then, it starts dribbling out over the web. Brief summaries here and there. All incomplete. Come back to ZH, and boom, there's all the info, graph and data that I was looking for.
+Well done.
+Well, you could just go to the original source:...
+I usually do, if I want the raw data, thanks. Tyler's so quick that I can wait a few minutes for his better presentation and summary.
+Reversion to the mean, baby ....
+Looks like they're having trouble stemming the bleeding even on price (actual number of homes sold is a ridiculously small fraction of the 2005 number). If this number starts printing negative, that's going to be a big big problem....
+In SW Florida, a non CS area, in September 2010, prices stalled and sales fell.
+"Look for this index to collapse in October when it is reported in December, once the full impact of fraudclosure is digested."
+Still not sure why it's believed that fraudclosure will have an negative impact on prices. What am I missing?
+Shouldn't it actually have a positive impact, since it'll hold houses off the market? Econ 101: less supply = higher prices, does it not?
+Don't get me wrong - I'm not proposing that housing prices actually will go up. They will likely still go down from here (since they're still above historic norms). But it seems like the reason will be the discontinued tax credit and the flattening of mortgage rates - not fraudclosure.
+Econ 101: less supply = higher prices, does it not?
+Econ 102: Less supply plus Less Demand = Lower prices
+"Econ 102: Less supply plus Less Demand = Lower prices"
+In what way though does fraudclosure suppress demand? It would only suppress demand if people going through foreclosures are part of the demand market - but they're not; you generally can't buy a home right after you're foreclosed on.
+I can see Mikla's point below about "uncertainty" somewhat suppressing demand - but that uncertainty only applies to foreclosures, not to non-foreclosure sales, which are still 75% of the market. Seems to me that fraudclosure may cause demand to be suppressed but only specifically for foreclosures, and it will conversely cause demand to be increased for non-foreclosures.
+The "clear title" issue means non-foreclosure sales *also* may not pass clear title to the new buyer.
+If you later find out the seller had no legal authority to sell the house to you, then you're trusting in your Title Insurance, and don't mind the costs associated with moving out.
+I am guessing that the majority of people being threatened with foreclosure have their houses on the market. The actual result is an increase in demand. If a house is in the process of foreclosure, it is not on the market until the paperwork has cleared and the banks has made it presentable. Thus, supply would decrease temporarily during foreclosure.
+You are correct that banks hold their REO off-market, thus the "dump" hasn't happened. However, that's the way it's been since 2007 (so you won't see "further restricted supply" going forward).
+However, fraudclosure means nobody knows what they are buying. That's why it will depress prices, *and* depress total number of sales (other than possible wholesale-lot-buying-on-speculation, like is done by the Fed).
+Further, fraudclosure is another indicator of the *real* problem: Houses are just too expensive. They aren't worth that price, and people have figured that out. They will revert to (less than) 3x income, and you should expect to see *increasing* unemployment for an extended period (years). Expect to see continued price drop another 20%-40%, and no, there is no chance they will go up.
+Local price fluctuations representing "a good deal" here-and-there will occur (and always occur), but those are "in the noise".
+Of course, if you're just a single home-owner, and you want to live *somewhere*, yes, it is possible you can get that "one good deal". And, it's possible you get screwed for 6x your annual income. Good luck.
+"They will revert to (less than) 3x income, and you should expect to see *increasing* unemployment for an extended period (years). Expect to see continued price drop another 20%-40%"
+Martin Armstrong showed a chart in one of his papers - it plots a 26 year cycle in real estate - peak in 2006 - trough in 2032 - he didn't say anything about his methodology for this chart
+some of the factors that could cause a 26 year decline are obvious:
+- demographics: Boomers downsizing into coffins and urns
+- supply vs demand: excess inventory and builders continuing to build
+- supply vs demand: shadow inventory
+- loss of confidence: clouded titles and uncertainty about ownership
+- loss of confidence: increasing unemployment rates and increasing endurance of unemployment for those affected
+- loss of confidence: centuries of precedent in property law matters being ignored and overturned
+has anyone seen Martin write about the methodology behind his 26 year cycle?
+why doesn't anyone on CNBC talk about the second derivative ? Oh, that's only interesting to them when increasing. In a normal market, the negative sloped second derivative would crush the market.
+"Look for this index to collapse in October when it is reported in December, once the full impact of fraudclosure is digested."
+Don't forget Tyler that Case/Shiller is a 3-month rolling average. Thus the full impact (if there is one - see my point above) wouldn't be seen until December's index, which is published at the end of February..
+cheap hosting
+windows vps
+forex vps
+Puppy Linux Discussion Forum
+Puppy HOME page :
+puppylinux.com
+"THE" alternative forum :
+puppylinux.info
+Search
+Memberlist
+Usergroups
+Profile
+Log in to check your private messages
+The time now is Fri 17 Nov 2017, 17:25
+All times are UTC - 4
+Forum index
+»
+Advanced Topics
+»
+Puppy Derivatives
+Is Jemimah's original Puppeee still available?
+Moderators:
+Flash
+,
+JohnMurga
+View previous topic
+::
+View next topic
+Page 4 of 6
+[88 Posts]
+Goto page:
+1
+,
+2
+,
+3
+,
+4,
+5
+,
+6
+Author
+mfalls
+Joined: 14 Jul 2006
+Posts: 23
+Location: London, Arkansas, USA
+Posted: Wed 02 Nov 2011, 21:27
+Post subject:
+Jemimah,
+Just want to say thanks for all your excellent work on puppeee/fluppy and hope you enjoy your career and private life.
+Back to top
+tinker
+Joined: 06 Dec 2007
+Posts: 52
+Location: Midwestern United States
+Posted: Wed 02 Nov 2011, 21:46
+Post subject: thanks again
+Jemimah,
+Don't feel bad about stopping work on these projects - what you did was fabulous - I have used nothing else besides puppeee and fluppy on my netbooks and they're still the best.
+Move on, have fun, work on them, don't work on them, whatever you feel like.
+Don't be a stranger to the forum, you're always an honored part of the puppy family.
+Best Regards,
+tinker
+Back to top
+etiennep
+Joined: 27 Dec 2010
+Posts: 3
+Posted: Wed 02 Nov 2011, 22:33
+Post subject: Re: thanks again
+tinker wrote:
+Move on, have fun, work on them, don't work on them, whatever you feel like.
+Totally true! I'm glad to hear of you Jemimah (still not able to spell it correctly)
+I thought we were nnot going to have news about you and you'll just disappear. That's good to know you got an other job.
+If you're ever feeling to have charges that you don't want to have... just say it. And more importantly, take time for yourself
+I would say that without puppeee, my eeepc would be dead.
+Do you think we could reactivate puppeee website. I would like to see this project still alive. I know that raff was owner of the domain. What do you guys think?
+Thanks again for all your work done throughout years.
+Etienne
+Edit: Porting puppy to arm would be fantastic! I have the eeenote tablet and the firmware isn't so great.
+Back to top
+tlchost
+Joined: 05 Aug 2007
+Posts: 2050
+Location: Baltimore, Maryland USA
+Posted: Thu 03 Nov 2011, 12:43
+Post subject:
+jemimah wrote:
+I do regret just letting the website expire without warning and I apologize for that. I was simply trying to get rid of some of my own emotional baggage and acted impulsively.
+Thanks for all your did for us. Fluppy is an amazing piece of work. I really enjoy using it...on desktops, notebooks, netbooks and various systems at school and customer sites.
+At one time I had 4 or more Puppies on a bootable USB...now, it's only one...Fluppy. I also suggest on the #puppylinux IRC channel that folks try it...quite a few have.
+If you still have material available, I'd be happy to host it in conjunction with the forum at
+Best of luck with the new job.
+Thom
+Back to top
+nooby
+Joined: 29 Jun 2008
+Posts: 10548
+Location: SwedenEurope
+Posted: Thu 03 Nov 2011, 14:18
+Post subject:
+Jemimah as I remember some people lack the documentation
+you had on that server. Did you save some kind of backup taht you can
+send to TLCHost or so?
+_________________
+I use Google Search on Puppy Forum
+not an ideal solution though
+Back to top
+Donncha
+Joined: 02 Oct 2011
+Posts: 13
+Posted: Sun 06 Nov 2011, 17:03
+Post subject:
+Oh Jemimah!
+Am I glad to hear you were not snagged by a gator in your swamp.
+Since I started this thread I have tried a few other puppies but always come back to the one I love! I think had it not been for Puppeee I would have trashed my 701 a couple of years ago so it is nice to echo what was said in the last few posts.
+I wish you all the best – and don’t get lost.
+I do have one regret and kick myself for it – and that is that I didn’t copy the whole content of your blog to my computer!
+All the best
+Don
+Back to top
+Lobster
+Official Crustacean
+Joined: 04 May 2005
+Posts: 15235
+Location: Paradox Realm
+Posted: Sun 06 Nov 2011, 23:26
+Post subject:
+Quote:
+Also I get the impression that the market has largely moved on to tablets.
+You know it. I know it. The gator in the swamp knows it.
+You did good Jemimah. Pemasu was heavily influenced by your efforts and he produces some of the best implementations of our raw boned Puppys.
+A lot of us are getting new hardware.
+Starting with Pi
+as a stepping stone to a future cheap commodity tablet (not yet available)
+and large screen phone (further future)
+Even now the big manufacturers are wondering if they
+need to set 'open tablet' not marketed by Google corp
+or just amazon kindling . . .
+As it emerges, we will be there . . .
+You did good Jemimah. Your voice is always welcome here.
+_________________
+YinYana AI Buddhism
+Back to top
+starhawk
+Joined: 22 Nov 2010
+Posts: 5056
+Location: Everybody knows this is nowhere...
+Posted: Mon 07 Nov 2011, 00:20
+Post subject:
+Not to derail the thread (seriously!) but I have a Dell CPi that boots --from CD-- in somewhere around 01:30 (MM:SS) -- tolerances on that are roughly +0sec / -15sec.
+<docbrown> tablets? where we're going, we don't need... tablets! </docbrown>
+The only tablet in my house is a Velocity Micro Cruz eReader. It is slow, difficult to use, and heavily locked down in terms of software. The screen sensitivity is roughly comparable to the gas pedal sensitivity on my mother's mid-90's Ford Ranger (we still joke about how she practically had to unbuckle and STAND on the pedal to get the thing to respond!). It does have WiFi and a browser, but if I said I was impressed with it... I'm lying so hard that my pants ignited. It's cr*p, and I won't use it.
+The sad part is that the specs on that particular tablet probably outshine the CPi -- it's really just a matter of what you do with them
+_________________
+Back to top
+nooby
+Joined: 29 Jun 2008
+Posts: 10548
+Location: SwedenEurope
+Posted: Mon 07 Nov 2011, 04:42
+Post subject:
+Velocity Micro Cruz eReader
+Technical Details
+* Android 2.0
+* 256 MB integrated
+* 7" TFT 800 x 600
+* WiFi 802.11b/g
+* 16 oz
+* Access to over 2 million eBooks via included Borders eBook library portal application, as well as Cruz Market
+* Built-in dictionary, notepad, calendar, alarm clock, contacts, games, and other useful apps
+* 802.11b/g Wi-Fi and full browser support-download remarkable content, astonishing applications, and amazing games
+* Crystal clear 4:3, 800 x 600 full-color touchscreen display is ideal for viewing eBooks and eMagazines, Web pages, and movies
+* USB and SD card slot for upgradable storage; includes a 4 GB SD card (Pre-installed)
+If you really want slow then why not use a E-ink reader.
+Them turn page in minutes and the batter last for a month or so
+Just teasing. Yes maybe that is a too cheap machine. They had to
+lower the price to less than half to trust them can sell it.
+_________________
+I use Google Search on Puppy Forum
+not an ideal solution though
+Back to top
+Volhout
+Joined: 28 Dec 2008
+Posts: 510
+Posted: Mon 07 Nov 2011, 08:14
+Post subject: Jemimah
+Subject description: Thanks
+Thank God all is well with you.
+You've build quite an impression with puppeee. There is still nothing that compares, and there may never be. You're like a Steve Jobs for the eee-books. And be assured: you are loved by many that use eee pc's.
+Enjoy life, it is too short to waste on things you don't like .....
+Volhout
+Back to top
+starhawk
+Joined: 22 Nov 2010
+Posts: 5056
+Location: Everybody knows this is nowhere...
+Posted: Mon 07 Nov 2011, 14:56
+Post subject:
+Ha, I was wrong. The memory spec (256mb) alone puts the CPi right out -- its max memory capacity is 256mb!
+Also, Borders went "exit stage left" something like a year ago. They no longer exist at all... good thing Mom put a Kindle app on there.
+...and Cruz Market? Really guys? (Would the REAL Android Market please stand up?) Seriously, I don't think Cruz Market has more than maybe fifty apps. It certainly isn't worth even going to.
+_________________
+Back to top
+Lobster
+Official Crustacean
+Joined: 04 May 2005
+Posts: 15235
+Location: Paradox Realm
+Posted: Mon 07 Nov 2011, 21:21
+Post subject:
+Puppeee on tablets would be ideal.
+However as I keep saying the only working tablet
+is the overpriced Ipad . . . at the moment . . .
+. . . despite the high price and cost to Chinese workers
+Comes on instantly.
+Yep no booting.
+Is fast and simple to use.
+Just works.
+Perfect? No. Well it ain't open enough.
+You get what you paid for and not one magnet cover more . . .
+. . . is it a style of extortion or extortion with style?
+Ibet Jemimah has one
+A friend of mine was a computer expert who refused to use the
+inferior mouse and GUI systems (GEM and Windows 1)
+. . . they were 'just a fad'.
+You know what happened. I know what happened and the gator in the swamp and mouse all know what happened.
+Just to repeat tinkers sentiments:
+Quote:
+Move on, have fun, work on them, don't work on them, whatever you feel like.
+Don't be a stranger to the forum, you're always an honored part of the puppy family.
+Thanks again Jemimah. Live long and prosper.
+_________________
+YinYana AI Buddhism
+Back to top
+ttuuxxx
+Joined: 05 May 2007
+Posts: 11191
+Location: Ontario Canada,Sydney Australia
+Posted: Tue 08 Nov 2011, 06:38
+Post subject:
+wow jemimah with all the effort and advances you made for puppeee its a real shame you just tossed the towel in like that, I really respected the effort and work you put into it, I don't own a eeepc but I did read about it on your threads. Well I just hope you might find another project soon to work on. Looking forward to your next efforts.
+ttuuxxx
+_________________
+<-- excellent site
+<-- Codec Test Files
+<-- excellent HTML5 games
+Back to top
+CatDude
+Joined: 03 Jan 2007
+Posts: 1563
+Location: UK
+Posted: Tue 08 Nov 2011, 11:08
+Post subject:
+Hello All
+Here is most of Jemimah's website:
+puppeee.com.tar.gz
+Username = puppy
+Password = linux
+i grabbed it via the
+WayBackMachine
+and edited a lot of links to point to software packages that are still available.
+On the home page are a couple of links:
+Puppeee Forum
+and
+Source Code
+that point to what is available on the WayBackMachine.
+I did not edit any of the links in the righthand column (sorry)
+I hope that someone finds it useful
+CatDude
+.
+_________________
+Back to top
+nancy reagan
+Joined: 22 Jan 2009
+Posts: 549
+Posted: Tue 08 Nov 2011, 13:22
+Post subject:
+CatDude wrote:
+Hello All
+I hope that someone finds it useful
+CatDude
+.
+How clever
+Back to top
+Display posts from previous:
+All Posts
+1 Day
+7 Days
+2 Weeks
+1 Month
+3 Months
+6 Months
+1 Year
+Sort by:
+Post Time
+Post Subject
+Author
+Ascending
+Descending
+Page88s) ][ GZIP on ]
+Knight of the Phoenix is the syndication title to the two-hour long pilot (originally aired on NBC as just "Knight Rider") to the popular 1980's television show Knight Rider, which starred David Hasselhoff, Edward Mulhare, Richard Basehart, and William Daniels (who was uncredited as the voice of KITT). It first aired September 26, 1982, and was written by Glen A. Larson and directed by Daniel Haller. The pilot was rebroadcast as a two-part episode during further broadcast syndication.
+The only regular cast member that didn't appear in the pilot is Patricia McPherson. Many celebrity guest stars were featured including Vega$'s Phyllis Davis and her sister Deborah Ludwig Davis, Baretta's Michael D. Roberts, actress Pamela Susan Shoop and former child star Barret Oliver. The pilot also features Elvis Presley's two best friends, Lance LeGault and Red West.
+Long spies Fred Wilson (Vince Edwards) and is aware that he is giving orders to Lonnie (Shawn Southwick) to go into the elevator up to Acton's hotel suite, and take pictures of the computer micro chip. Long now tells his partner Muntzy (Herb Jefferson, Jr.) to keep an eye on Lonnie going into the hotel suite 214. Lonnie takes picures of the micro chip via microfilm.
+Acton then decides to call it a night. Wilson gives orders to Long to take care of Acton. Wilson asks Lonnie if she was followed or was witnessed entering the suite; she confirms that an electrician (Muntzy in reality) may have made her. Wilson then tells Lonnie to get out of the room (that he will take of the electrician in the hallway), and tells her to get east of out town where he will meet with her later. Long then tells Muntzy to follow Lonnie. Tanya and Long both convince Charles to go the cashier to cash his stack of gambling chips he won at the craps table. Muntzy now decides to follow out Lonnie. Wilson then gives a order to Security Guard Vernon Gray (Lance LeGault), lurking in the shadows outside of the casino in the parking lot, to the kill the electrian.
+Lonnie now gets into her car, and Muntzy now follows her outside. Long is concerned about his undercover partner, and both Long and Tanya run after Muntzy. Unfortunately, Muntzy is now shot in the chest by Gray, and both him and Wilson get into a Matador security car, and take off. Muntzy soon dies in Longs hands, and is left on the ground. With Long not able to help his partner, he decides to gets inside his car (a 1982 Pontiac Trans Am, black with gold trim and bowling ball hubcaps) with Tanya, and follow the others out on the desert highway.
+Just as Wilson, Gray, and Lonnie meet up to transfer the film, Long gets out of the car, and makes a Security Guard named Symes drop his gun. Long is betrayed by Tanya when she decides to pull out her gun, and forces him to drop his gun. She then decides to shoot him in the head and leaves him to die on a desert highway. Long then collapses on the hood of his Trans Am, and falls on the ground, the headlights of the Trans Am bathing the gruesome scene in bright light. The bad guy gang then takes off. Luckily, he is soon rescued by helicopter with the help of Devon Miles (Edward Mulhare), and eccentric billionaire philanthropist Wilton Knight (Richard Basehart), who take him to Wilton's private estate.
+There, Long undergoes emergency medical attention, and later plastic surgery to reconstruct his face which was disfigured when the bullet shattered against a steel plate in his head he received during the Vietnam War. Four days later, Long is still in a coma having flashbacks of Muntzy and Tanya. When the bandages are removed an unspecified time later (presumed to be several months later), Long has a different face and a new identity as Michael Knight, (now played by Hasselhoff). Devon tells Michael that Long has been declared dead in the eyes of the law. He is then offered a job to work for "The Foundation for Law and Government", (aka FLAG), a division of the Knight Foundation. Since the killers believe Long is dead, this will give him a better chance of infiltrating their organization and bringing them to justice.
+At first, Michael refuses the offer, but during his recovery he becomes curious as to what technicians are working on in a nearby garage. Wandering inside, he finds the engineers have completely modified his Trans Am and Devon offers him a test drive of the vehicle which is called the "Knight Industries Two Thousand" (KITT). Michael is overwhelmed by the car's capabilities, one of which is an advanced AI computer that talks to him. Devon tells him KITT will protect him and assist him on his missions if he takes the job with FLAG.
+Later, Michael meets with Wilton Knight who is dying from illness. On his death bed, Wilton tells him that "one man can make a difference" and encourages him to become a modern-day knight who will protect the innocent and bring criminals to justice. After Wilton dies, Devon informs Michael that his shooter, Tanya Walker and her associate Fred Wilson have achieved top positions within a Silicon Valley computer company called Comtron. Devon suspects the criminals will embezzle millions form the company and steal their technology (only to sell it to others for large profit.)
+Michael begins his investigation by spying on Comtron employees who frequent a nearby bar called the House of the Rising Sun. There, he meets a sexy waitress named Maggie, (Pamela Susan Shoop), who becomes angry when Michael asks her about Tanya Walker. Maggie is fired from the bar for her outburst, but Michael finds her later to apologize. He learns she is the recent widow of a Comtron executive who she believes was murdered by Walker when he began asking "too many questions." When asked by Michael how they could cover up such an act, she said that any witnesses to his murder where Comtron employees who were paid off to keep quiet. Arriving at Maggie's apartment, Michael meets her young son Buddy, (Barret Oliver). Maggie informs Michael that Comtron is sponsoring a demolition derby the next day. Michael thinks it's a good idea to attend and offers to take Maggie and Buddy with him.
+The next day Michael informs Devon about the derby and to Devon's surprise says he will enter KITT hoping the car will attract Walker's interest and allow him to get close to her. Meanwhile, as a comic relief, two bumbling car thieves try every means available to break into KITT's interior but to no avail. They are dumbfounded when Michael simply walks up and KITT lets him open the door without so much as a key. Michael takes Maggie and Buddy to the derby and enters KITT as planned. Meanwhile, Buddy slips away and gets inside KITT just as Michael starts the competition. Unable to turn back now, Michael enters the contest and gives Buddy a joy ride. KITT manages to take out every opponent on the track without so much as a scratch. This of course perks Tanya's interest who soon begins plotting to get her hands on the amazing car. Michael drops off Maggie and an excited Buddy, then heads to a petrol station to call Devon for an update.
+With KITT as bait, Michael sets an appointment to meet Tanya at the House of the Rising Sun, but upon his arrival Michael confronts a group of thugs and a bar-room brawl ensues. Michael is arrested and is taken to jail. KITT gets into his own predicament as he gets impounded and taken to a Comtron garage. There, technicians try to reverse engineer him, but KITT's impenetrable body armor makes getting inside impossible (Gray notes that they tried to use three diamond-bit drills to open KITT, but it did not work.) From jail, Michael calls Devon to tell him to help him out (Devon says that it will take him a while to get there, so they may have to rely on "other means" temporarily.) Later, KITT starts up by himself, manages to escape the garage, and busts through the jail cell wall to rescue Michael.
+Michael then races back to Comtron where he enters the building via KITT's Ejection seat feature. There, he catches Walker in the act of stealing chip schematics as she prepares their getaway. Michael steals her gun and forces a confrontation. During the scuffle with a security guard (he fires a gun at the guard, something he doesn't normally do in later episodes), Michael is shot in the shoulder and begins to lose blood. Michael flees (it is unknown if Michael shot the guard or not, as the guard "vanishes" without explanation) and makes it back to KITT who suggests he go to the hospital. Michael refuses and orders KITT to chase after Tanya and Wilson. Meanwhile Wilson calls for road blocks and orders a helicopter pilot to destroy the car. KITT however, easily avoids the barricades with his armor, speed, and Turbo Boosts.
+Tanya and Wilson head to an airport where a private jet awaits them. Michael intercepts the jet and smashes the wing off the plane causing it to explode. Tanya, who now recognizes Michael Knight as Michael Long, steps from her car and in rage and tries to kill him point blank by shooting at the driver-side window of KITT. Unaware that the glass is bullet proof, although Michael tries to warn her, the bullet bounces off and strikes Tanya in the chest killing her.
+As police arrive, Michael takes off with KITT driving him to the hospital, burning plane and villian dismay left behind on the runway. After his recovery, Michael visits Maggie and promises her son one last ride inside KITT. Later, Michael meets Devon aboard his private jet where Michael agrees to stay on with FLAG and carry out Wilton Knight's dream. They celebrate the partnership with a drink.
+The pilot episode opening scenes were filmed in Las Vegas, Nevada on the night of August 8, 1982; the recovery scenes were filmed in Los Angeles, California through the days and nights of July 26 - August 18, 1982; and the detective scenes were filmed in Silicon Valley, California through the days and night August 19 - August 26, 1982.
+The pilot's soundtrack includes songs by Quarterflash performing "Harden My Heart", the The Eagles performing "Take It Easy" and "Peaceful Easy Feeling"; Fleetwood Mac performing "Don't Stop"; James Taylor performing "Carolina In My Mind"; Pat Benatar performing "Hit Me With Your Best Shot", and Deborah Ludwig Davis who performed "Proud Mary" in a cameo for the casino scene. There is also an extra scene featuring Willie Nelson's rendition of Elvis Presley's "Always On My Mind" featured in Television screenings, but not on the DVD version.
+During the first day of filming Hasselhoff mentions that he had a stomach ache in the plastic surgery/recovery scenes which caused him to convincingly moan and groan with pain.
+Michael Long is played by Larry Anderson although his voice is overdubbed by David Hasselhoff, and his name didn't appear in the screen credits. Larry actually had chosen to be uncredited because of the overdubbed. The location was a mocked up casino in the lobby of a hotel near the Los Angeles International Airport. The make-up department had put curls in Larry's straight hair to match David's, and everything had happened so fast that he went onto the set with the script "warm" in his hands. Moreover, Davis' voice is dubbed by another actress.
+Larry Anderson gets inside the car at the beginning leaving the hotel. Then there is a shadowy appearance of David Hasselhoff who gets out of the car, and assumes the acting role of Michael Long, and who eventually gets shot in face by Phyllis Davis's character Tanya Walker in the desert.
+The running gags of the two car thieves trying to steal K.I.T.T. were written very quickly. The Las Vegas strip opening was now the new hotel and casino opening, which were the new inserts that were shot, after the first cut of the pilot was seven minutes too short.
+KITT's nose and dashboard configuration change slightly throughout the pilot. As Larson explained on the First Season DVD, a forty minute "presentation" was created to sell the show. NBC and Universal initally liked the concept, but later hesitated about picking up the show. By the time they green lit the pilot and series, Larson was unable to reshoot the presentation scenes, so they were simply edited in the movie and the slight continuity problems this caused were ignored.
+Vance: Long ago, in the distant past, your Storyteller ran a game of Exalted for you.
+Camena: Until a fooooolish Eclipse pirate, wielding a magic gun…
+Vance: When we last left off, you'd won a key to the Eschaton Vault from Plentimon, but refused to turn it over to your vizier, Kumaria, until her celestial host proved its worth by dealing with the God of Luck's improprieties.
+Vance: Also, there's a Wyld Hunt after you.
+Serestala: Before the final blow was struck, I tore open a portal in time, and flung her into our next campaign, where my rules technology is law!
+Camena: And also I made a fake key, too
+Icaria: To be fair, it wasn't a very good Wyld Hunt.
+Vance: You haven't met the Wyld Hunt!
+Serestala: Subpar Wyld Hunting.
+Vance: You did have a fight with a lone Dynast in a warstrider, although the canonicity of that may be ephemeral.
+Vance: In part because I forgot you took her hostage.
+Icaria: She wasn't a very good hostage.
+Serestala: We left her with the dragon.
+Icaria: I can't imagine they're eager to have her back.
+Zanara: Yeah, the dragon was guarding her.
+Icaria: Her attitude is just terrible!
+Zanara: This is totally intentional and not us all forgetting.
+Vance: Okay, Baelereon's got her.
+Svetlana: We were going to gamble her, but we were too righteous.
+Camena: It was hella canon!
+Zanara: Zanara’s rubbing off on y’all.
+Camena: No one is retconing my glorious Door-Evading Technique.
+Serestala: Right, it was because we were too righteous, not because we were busy giving away our ability to lie on Tuesdays.
+Svetlana: That, tue, is righteous.
+Icaria: Camena, they actually went back and changed the rules so nobody could ever wish for that again.
+Icaria: You have to screw up real bad for that to happen!
+Icaria: Clearly you are a true pirate.
+Camena: It's not the first set of rules I've influenced with my perversion.
+Vance: You have free rein to go where you please. I'm expecting you'll be going back to Gloam, but Storyteller expectations make great steaks.
+Icaria: Is anything waiting for us there?
+Icaria: Aside from the Wyld Hunt, probably?
+Zanara: My army?
+Zanara: Our erstwhile allies in high places?
+Vance: Your friends?
+Vance: Icaria's boyfriend-god?
+Icaria: They aren't my friends!
+Icaria: Only Tran is my friend and she's on Tourmaline.
+Icaria: Also every time I suggest freeing my boyfriend from Forever Jail, my supposed friends cut up rough.
+Svetlana: Enh, that's just because you didn't previously have the alternative of saying, "Fine, I'll just date Plentimon then."
+Svetlana: I'm pretty sure you can get everyone behind Pim now.
+Serestala: Lets go to the dreaming sea for some well deserved R&R with our friend, the hostage, and our WMD.
+Camena: Vi, who wants her baby.
+Serestala: My baby?
+Camena: Other Vi.
+Icaria: Other Vi.
+Serestala: Oh.
+Vance: Peleps Vi.
+Zanara: Oh, this is going to be glorious.
+Icaria: We may have to change her name to Peleps Wi.
+Vance: This is going to be confusing.
+Camena: Peleps Wii.
+Serestala: Peleps Switch.
+Vance: That breaks the c-v-c pattern!
+Camena: Retcon: Peleps Wii fights with dire nunchucks.
+Icaria: Peleps Dolphin.
+Zanara: Peleps New 3DS XL.
+Icaria: No, that's the baby.
+Zanara: Oh, right.
+Icaria: The third eye is the touchscreen.
+Serestala: Oh nooo!
+Icaria: It's fine; I fixed that.
+Serestala: Peleps Powerglove!
+Vance: You fools!
+Icaria: Technically I was allowing peer pressure to push me into kowtowing to Dynastic racism about babies with three eyes and other demonic features but WHATEVER.
+Zanara: The cousin no one wants to talk about.
+Vance: Her full name is, of course, Peleps Virtual Boy.
+Zanara: So bad…
+- Icaria tries to think if Icaria actually would suggest going anywhere else.
+Icaria: I suppose if Zanara's army is on Gloam we must return.
+Icaria: I guess I'll have time to seduce Sivana while we're about.
+Svetlana: It seems like it would be Gloam unless there's someplace with an obvious powerup, and I don't think there really are such things given that artifacts are found by asking the ST.
+Svetlana: We solved one island and the other is currently best left on cooldown!
+Icaria: It would help if someone could set all his clothes on fire, so that he wouldn't have any.
+Svetlana: Camena?
+Icaria: Just because she tells everybody she meets about the time she set his office on fire doesn't make her a habitual offender!
+Camena: We should threaten the ST until he renders unto us the entire contents of Arms of the Chosen.
+Icaria: But seriously would eight o'clock two days from now be convenient?
+Svetlana: That is correct, that is not what makes her a habitual offender.
+Camena: And yeah, Camena is probably interested in returning to Gloam.
+Icaria: I guess I technically do get a power-up from Arms, once I find out what my weapon actually does.
+Vance: Oh, I should send you that.
+Icaria: Oh, just send me the whole manuscript; it's easier.
+Vance: Barring objections, Baelereon whooshes you away to Gloam in a scenic travel montage.
+Svetlana: Dang, I have a whole persona that I didn't finish because it wasn't urgent, wasn't urgent, and then migraine migraine event event game.
+Vance: Oh, blugh!
+Svetlana: Enh, I will just be one charm short for this session. Just don't make me suddenly really need to be a Sidereal.
+Vance: I will endeavor to avoid that.
+Vance: Would someone like to make a Wits + Survival roll to avoid being tracked?
+Icaria: Who keeps tracking my jet-plane dragon, anyway?
+Icaria: I'm just going to buy teleportation, so there.
+Vance: Some manner of hunt, possibly of a non-domesticated variety
+- Icaria does not actually do this.
+Icaria: Fine, whatever, I keep complaining about wanting harder fights, anyway.
+Icaria: Icaria sprinkles crumbs of bread in the water behind us as we fly along.
+Icaria: Home-made bread, which I baked with my Solar Hands.
+Serestala: That reference has come up so many times today…
+Svetlana: How long after departure are we making this roll?
+Vance: Let's call it an abstract representation of all the evading you do over the course of transit
+Svetlana: Evdeniya will quibble with our flight path and how it plays into standard Wyld Hunt pursuit doctrine and a Shogunate philosopher's "virtue meteorology" for 5 successes, then.
+Vance: Take a one point stunt on top of that.
+Icaria: Icaria basically doesn't believe that it's possible to evade the Wyld Hunt, for dramatic reasons.
+Vance: I'm not sure if he should be able to get sorcerous motes from that, given Evdeniya's very competent evasion.
+Icaria: :(
+Svetlana: Later, Evdeniya spends hours introspectively staring into the water, gains three points in Survival and a deep understanding of the Dragon-Blooded spirit as her personality shifts over to Kiri, and she contemplates the matter again, doing marginally worse.
+Svetlana: Evidently Magistrates are better at running away than extremely punchy people, who knew?
+Icaria: I'm still a little unsure how I regard this.
+Icaria: Are we politely pretending to believe that all your personas are different people?
+Svetlana: I don't think you're under any obligation to.
+Icaria: You sometimes tend to talk as though your personas don't know they're personas, and I'm honestly not actually sure who Icaria thinks you really are.
+Serestala: Serestala isn't. Her introduction to Svetlana was as Bokuro explaining they had killed the real Bokuro so this is all pretty standard "stuff that my friend does" at this point.
+Icaria: Although he probably just goes with whatever you say you are without questioning it, and possibly literally hasn't noticed that Kiri and Evdeniya are the same person.
+Vance: Svetlana and/or Kiri find a debating partner on pursuit doctrine in Octavian. "Take my counsel, Lawgivers. Fleeing from pursuit is a but a half-measure, and it is not with half-measures that the Quarter Prince triumphs. Pick your ground and fight them instead."
+Svetlana: Kiri squints at Octavian, then gestures expressively out at the water.
+Camena: "Maybe I should just grab one or two tiny apocalyptic weapons beforehand."
+Icaria: Evdeniya left sometime, and Kiri appeared. Where's Evdeniya? I don't know, where is anybody when they leave the stage?
+Svetlana: The personas are aware enough that they are personas that truth magic would force them to admit it if yes or no were the only answers, but are skeptical enough on the topic that truth magic would force them to equivocate rather than admit it if there were more answers allowed.
+Icaria: I suppose the Tomb is a nice place for a setpiece battle.
+Vance: I don't think truth-telling magic would do it.
+Vance: The only canonical thing that can pierce a persona is Eye of the Unconquered Sun.
+Svetlana: (Evdeniya is aware that she is running on Svetlana's hardware, but doesn't like to think about it and prefers to think of herself as having somehow been infected by Evdeniya's ghost or inheritance, and if forced to admit that was conscious doublethink would be extremely unhappy and lose track of what it actually means. There's some Limit Break detritus making this worse. Kiri is Kiri.)
+Icaria: We could mend all the terrifying magical traps, and also command Pim to serve us sweetmeats.
+Vance: Baeleron alights at last in Gloam, seemingly having thrown off your pursuers. While you have no doubt they'll continue pursuing you, your trail's gone cold.
+Svetlana: Eventually, if Octavian does not respond to her cuttingly clever counter, Kiri says, thoughtfully, "True that we shouldn't let their hunting define us. But…"
+Svetlana: Kiri blushes.
+Svetlana: "I thought too long."
+Vance: Are you making a subtle entry, or a not-so-subtle one?
+Icaria: "Theoretically I have a bolt-hole made ready."
+Icaria: "At least, I told Citrin to make one several months ago, not knowing I would be gone so long."
+Svetlana: "Awesome," Kiri says. "It'll be, like, under half of Gloam."
+Icaria: "It's possible he got bored and wandered off, but it's also possible that he's constructed a magnificent underground stronghold with hydroponic mushroom garden and several cool mountain springs."
+Svetlana: I think we should probably fly our gigantic dragon subtly in over the docks and land subtly in an alleyway before subtly disembarking, subtly ensuring that we are wearing appropriately 'street' clothes, and subtly slipping off into the city.
+Icaria: It's cool; the dragon has a convenient human form.
+Vance: Given how many successes you rolled to cover tracks, I can't deny you subtlety.
+Icaria: Also he can phase through earth straight to my magnificent manor.
+Camena: Camena does not do subtle.
+Svetlana: Let's have him wait to turn into a human form until after the landing, though.
+Icaria: Efficiency, Kiri.
+Serestala: Serestala has never been to this island before and is a little confused. "Wait, this is Gloam?"
+Svetlana: (Gloam. Gloam, at Close Range. Where the Vi and the Jaspindar play. Where hellboars are heard (a discouraging herd) and there's smoking of poppies all day.)
+Vance: The docks of Gloam have a familiarly unfamiliar smell, the scent of spices and herbs and stranger things from countless ports. Today's clamor, however, is not that of hawking merchants and carousing sailors. Instead, the city seems divided into two hostile camps. On one side is a riot of colorfully-clothed cultists, hefting banners that depict a stylized boar and chanting heretical prayers. On the other side, a band of Immaculate monks has already clobbered those cultists bold enough to make an attack. Svetlana smells indecision in their sweat—they don't want to resort to violence, but they don't know how else to disperse the crowd.
+Serestala: "More of yours?" Serestala whispers to Zanara.
+Zanara: “I’m fairly certain I’m not a boar,” Zanara said, raising an eyebrow.
+Serestala: "It could be metaphoric. Your superior nostrils of uh… truffle hunting? But the truffles are metaphoric."
+Serestala: She learned that word from Icaria.
+Svetlana: "Oooh," Kiri says, admiring the hubbub. "Sectarianism."
+Icaria: "Boar worshippers versus Immaculates? I guess the enemy of our enemy is… I don't actually know?"
+Vance: Kiri can pick out a voice that seems to be the leader of the boar-cultists. The voice of someone she has no memory of ever meeting before.
+Serestala: "No wait, I think I got it this time. The sun is a pig and it uh," She sighs. "I give up. Somebody explain the pig to me."
+Svetlana: "The pig can't be explained, Serestala. The pig's gotta be experienced."
+Svetlana: Kiri wants to go wander into the crowd and make trouble or solve trouble or something but holds herself back until she figures out what this leader is saying.
+Vance: "Don't be afraid, sisters and brothers," the inexplicably familiar voice says, shaky with nerves but tempered with the courage to persevere. "In my hour of greatest need, Boar sent me deliverance. Trust her, not your weapons. Let them hear our hymns even louder."
+Svetlana: Kiri ponders this. "Icaria, Zanara, how are you guys for a musical number?"
+Icaria: Someone we've never met before, or someone we've Never Met Before?
+Icaria: "Well, I can write them."
+Vance: Whichever set of capitalization means you've met them before
+Camena: "…why am I not included in this question?"
+Zanara: “I can sing. And dance. Passably.”
+Zanara: “Though I may be a bit rusty.”
+Icaria: "You only like the musicals where everybody dies."
+Camena: "Despite your assertions, I haven't even killed anybody yet. Wait. Have I?"
+Vance: Technically it was Bokuro who killed that guy she flamethrowered
+Svetlana: Kiri says, "Think we need a dance-off here. Dunno."
+Serestala: "I don't know if any songs I know are appropriate for public venues."
+Icaria: I think Icaria has actually killed the most people.
+Camena: "…why do we need a dance-off, exactly?"
+Camena: "…am I becoming the voice of reason?"
+Camena: "…is it Calibration?"
+Icaria: Insofar as he's fired off obsidian butterflies into a battlegroup.
+Vance: Octavian, dematerialized, whispers into Camena's ear. "Shall I bring an end to this?"
+Zanara: “I’ll admit I don’t see where it’s going, either,” Zanara says. “But I do think we should get to the bottom of this. And I’ll break up a fight, should one start.”
+Camena: "Not just yet. But stay close, Prince."
+Camena: Camena strides towards the would-be-battleground with confidence and poise, dragonsigh wand slung over one shoulder and boots clicking sensually against the cobblestones. "What, pray tell, is going on here?" she asks to no one in particular, her bearing thrumming with newfound authority and terrifying confidence.
+Camena: Harmonious Presence + Majestic Radiant Presence.
+Vance: The hubbub of chanting dies down as Camena blazes divine glory.
+Svetlana: "See," Kiri murmurs, "this is why I didn't ask her." She shakes her head and slips off into the crowd of monks.
+Vance: The cultists who try to answer her question (each with a different answer, mind) find their voices refusing to answer the commands of their mind. Instead, they wordlessly point her towards a figure in the center of the colorfully robed crowd. Across from them, the monks are gripped with uncertainty.
+Vance: Camena, as well as Icaria, recognize the figure as someone they've met before, albeit in very different circumstances. A humble smuggler named Ink Pheasant, sentenced to death for his crimes, and freed from Jaspindar's prisoner-hunting ground by a stroke of luck in hellboar form.
+Vance: "My friends!" he shouts, his eyes lighting up as he sees Camena.
+Camena: (I do not remember this)
+Vance: Camena-you or Elliott-you?
+Zanara: (Was this before I came on?)
+Vance: (If anyone needs to catch up: <>)
+Zanara: (Oh, wait, the spooky inside-forest.)
+Icaria: "Oh, hey. I see you eventually caught your breath."
+Vance: "That and better. I have caught faith!"
+Camena: "Did you really take that," she says, gesturing to a boar banner, "as your emblem?"
+Vance: "I've sworn off my criminal ways. Now I serve Boar Avatar, who delivered me from my durance!"
+Camena: "…Boar Avatar?"
+Vance: "God of Boars."
+Vance: "We have gathered here to pray in defiance of the Immaculate's wicked calendar, and to prove that we are a people free. But…"
+Camena: "Oh, hogwash," she whispers.
+Vance: He points to a pile of unconscious cultists near the front lines of the skirmish. "I'm still sinner enough to know it won't stay peaceful long, even if I try my best."
+Camena: "Okay, folks," Camena says, shaking her head as she gestures to the cultists and the Immaculates, "let's go. Get a move on. Out and home. Except you, and…you" she says, beckoning for Ink Pheasant, then whichever Immaculate seems to be in control. "We're going to have a nice theological discussion and settle this like adults."
+Camena: "Dear gods, what is wrong with me?"
+Vance: Roll Presence.
+Vance: …with either Charisma or Appearance, I think.
+Icaria: I'm not taking sides, unless… are any of these guys hot?
+Icaria: I don't think Ink Pheasant was hot. Anyway, he has a wife.
+Vance: There are some hot monks, but they're sworn to celibacy.
+Icaria: If only I had powerful monk-seducing magic!
+Camena: …
+Svetlana: Some sort of… monk-seducing… demon…
+Svetlana: …dance?
+Camena: The Dragons spit upon my dice. 3 successes out of 17. :sweat:
+Vance: The mob of cultists begins to disperse at its edges, a gradual trickle of people who've realized just how badly they'd like to be somewhere else when the the peace breaks. Only those that are ready for violence remain.
+Svetlana: Kiri is singing, amidst the monks, in the temporary quiet as the chants have faded.
+Camena: "Okay, good. Listen. Friends. Gloamans. Skullcrackers. Now that the rabble's gone home, feel free to either follow suit or kill each other. These are the options."
+Svetlana:
+The pig came knockin’ on the dragon’s door
+Said I’m so tired of the way you’re rulin
+It may be, I say, you keep the fae away
+But I don’t know who you think you’re foolin
+Oh Hesiesh burning
+Keeps the world on turning
+And Danaa’d’s at war with the kraken
+Oh Sextes’ strewin��
+Might keep the world from ruin
+But the pig it just don’t want to be bacon
+It says, you’ve got to fight for you and me
+You’ve got to fight at the side of the Boar
+It says, you’ve got to beat all the dragons away
+Or I’m afraid that I’ll be turned into pork
+And maybe,
+Admits the boar sometimes,
+They might punch you
+Or crunch both your legs
+Admits the boar sometimes,
+Can’t make an omelette
+Without breaking some eggs
+But it still says, you’ve got to fight for you and me,
+This cause, it can’t be mistaken,
+It don’t matter, the corpse of you and me,
+As long as that pig don’t become bacon
+Oh Hesiesh burning
+keeps the world on turning
+And Danaa’d’s at war with the kraken
+Oh Pasiap’s light
+Might just be in the right
+But that pig, it just don’t want to be bacon
+That pig!
+It just don’t want to be bacon!
+Vance: Jenna, roll Performance with a three-point stunt.
+Icaria: Do I know the tune to this?
+Svetlana: 9 successes (6m)
+Icaria: Oh, it's "Sunshine."
+- Icaria later turned out to be 100% wrong about this.
+Vance: Kiri's song is taken up by the cultists around her, at first stumbling through the chorus, but slowly building into a competent chorale. The harmony of their voices provides harmony of movement, as what was a mob becomes something more akin to a regimented formation.
+Vance: The monks, taken aback by this turn of events, turn to what they know. Weapons are drawn—nine-ringed staves, nunchaku, and chakrams.
+Vance: They do not strike, not yet, but are at the ready.
+Svetlana: Kiri finishes the song, cups her hands, and yells, "Soo-ee!"
+Vance: (Blargh. I am fading unexpectedly fast, possibly due to not eating. Would folks mind if we come to a close soon?)
+Camena: (I feel similarly.)
+Zanara: (You need to eat, dude.)
+Svetlana: (Eating is important!)
+Vance: (But I've had so much coffee!)
+Camena: (Sterling Vance.)
+Icaria: Food, important!
+Vance: Okay.
+Vance: But we'll be coming back to this.
+Vance: Next week, same time
+Vance: You better boar-lieve it!
+Icaria: Remember my bar advice!
+Icaria: Food is important to your aliveness.
+Vance: Inconvenient.
+Svetlana: (Kiri's lesson of the day: insufficiently explicit sarcasm can embolden instead of embarrass! This… was a failure mode that doesn't surprise me that much, but there are only so many songs I can make in one scene.)
+- Icaria absorbs more XP.
+Serestala: Oh, yes, XP!
+- Icaria buys Infallible Messenger.
+Icaria: Oh, hey, I can buy Awakened Carnal Demiurge now.
+Svetlana: What is our XP total?
+- Svetlana theorizes… 165?
+Icaria: I believe it's 160.
+Vance: Mm, sustenance.
+Zanara: …seriously? Shit.
+Vance: And Twin Peaks.
+Zanara: Aaa, I need to watch that. x.x
+Vance: So far it definitely feels like Twin Peaks, in that I can't even articulate any spoilers to describe what's happening.
+Serestala: 160 regular XP?
+Zanara: And Better Call Saul… and like three other things. x_x aaaaa
+Icaria: Yeah, that's regular.
+Serestala: Mild-Mannered Dawn Was Minding Her Own Business Until One Day She Drank Universal Solvent and Became the Amazing Brawl Supernal Dawn.
+Icaria: Lord, Icaria's seduction suite has gotten really, really good.
+Vance: I'm not sure if that's a good thing or a bad thing for him.
+Icaria: It's definitely going to be really hard for him to keep being a virgin.
+Vance: Myriad Offscreen Paramour Assignations Asana.
+Serestala: What's our Solar XP at?
+Svetlana: It might be 165, because we hit Essence 3 at the end of "In Which We Once Again Kill Nobody", which means we have to have had 125 then, and then 8 sessions since then.
+Svetlana: Is there a session that wasn't logged besides this one?
+Svetlana: Like, early on?
+Icaria: I don't think so. I might be bad at math!
+Icaria: Maybe I'll just award us all 5 XP.
+Icaria: That said, Vance, I do kind of want to move forward from flailing-in-search-of-boyfriend comedy to the deeper well of too-many-boyfriends comedy.
+Svetlana: OK, let's say 160.
+Icaria: Maybe I should learn the Linguistics Charm that lets you summon dates.
+Svetlana: So if it's 160 XP so far then Solar is 128.
+Icaria: Although honestly I don't like that Charm because I don't get how it works.
+Vance: Same.
+Icaria: At the very least it should be very advanced and personal.
+Vance: It is arguably not a Solar Charm proper.
+Icaria: Yeah, I think so too, really.
+Vance: The stuff in Miracles was boundary-pushing, which I admire.
+Vance: But that pushed a bit too far.
+Icaria: Anyway, I wonder where I go next? I basically have an insane Presence suite and that's all it's really in-character to buy.
+Icaria: More Athletics, maybe, or back to Linguistics.
+Vance: Linguistics would be my recommendation.
+Zanara: Linguistics is so much fun.
+Icaria: Yeah, I think I'll upgrade my teaching powers, and then start combining that with Linguistics to make teaching manuals.
+Icaria: That's Icaria's final form.
+Icaria: People will read my book about destroying the Realm, and learn how to destroy the Realm!
+Zanara: Zanara can write a back-of-the-book blurb.
+Vance: The Decline of the Scarlet Empire for Dummies.
+Icaria: "Absolute filth… a morass of sexual immorality. No slaves, though. Five stars."
+Camena: I'm torn between more Sail, Stealth, or Craft for Camena.
+Serestala: "Icaria's words brought tears to my eyes and revolutionary zeal to my heart." —Zanara, probably
+Svetlana: ^_^
+Zanara: haha
+Serestala: I think it's time Serestala finally goes Super Saiyan.
+Camena: How?
+Serestala: Ascendant Battle Visage!
+Svetlana: Nice.
+Camena: Aha!
+Camena: …oooor, i could lean more lovely Archery.
+Svetlana: I think I promised myself that I'd work towards Battle Dancer Method next.
+Svetlana: And then I will ruthlessly exploit my Supernal to get Eye of the Unconquered Sun three sessions before any of you could possibly do so.
+Svetlana: Three!
+Icaria: Will it pop your own personas?
+Serestala: Only if someone uses a mirror.
+Serestala: Though I suppose that does beg the question if the Solar technically needs to dodge their own vision.
+Icaria: Thinking about it a little more, I feel like Solar Charms probably can do things like summon people by writing; it just needs to be at the end of a long chain of custom Charms that establishes it as your special trick.
+Icaria: Like, if Willy Wonka is a Twilight, the Charm that turns people into blueberries is at the long end of a very personal tree of weird Craft magic.
+Zanara: Honestly that’s all just a single charm that branches off of Wyld-Shaping. Confounding Confectioner’s Conjuration.
+Zanara: Generates magical diseases to dump effects. Man I wish 3e had Conditions.
+Icaria: You need more than that to take the sunshine and sprinkle it with dew.
+Serestala: You're right; you need gold crafting experience.
+Icaria: That's a very specific CNNT upgrade.
+Zanara: Craftsman Needs No Double Boiler.
+Svetlana: I'm not sure if it'll pop my own personas.
+Svetlana: Logically if a Sidereal used a really really weird stealth effect that made me lose track of where I was, the Eye of the Unconquered Sun might see through that, even without a mirror.
+Svetlana: Then again it is an inherent characteristic of eyes that they can't see themselves.
+Svetlana: It feels weird to reflect the Eye via a mirror, though. And then there's the question of, like, binoculars? Telescopes? Lasers?
+Svetlana: My personal theory is that it suppresses the persona, though, as it passes through the front of the eye.
+Svetlana: On the theory that the persona is less than half an eye's depth under the skin, while the Eye starts half an eye in. I'm not sure that makes physiological sense, though.
+Svetlana: It's very important that this be biologically accurate.
+- Shopping Bag ( 0 items )
+- All (52) from $1.99
+- New (1) from $19.99
+- Used (51) from $1.99.
+Lazy drops drummed a unique rhythm on the emerald leaves. Not rain—not yet, just the humid air weeping in the South American rain forest. Ripened fruit dropped from the mango trees, one nearly hitting a capuchin monkey. The animal jumped aside with a shriek, which sent a flock of parrots flying from the canopy, red-blue wings flapping. The soft and harsh noises blended into perfect harmony, pulsing with life—the morning song of the jungle.
+A few hundred yards to the east, boots splashed in the shallow water of the ravine. Guns clinked against the water canteens on the men's hips. The intruders must not have heard the jungle's music, because they didn't even try to fit in, creating disharmony.
+Mochi perched halfway up the kapok tree, his feet dangling a hundred feet above the jungle floor. He'd sneaked out of the village at dawn to spy on the new batch of baby monkeys, hoping to spot one without a mother, an orphan he could take home. Since a jaguar had stolen his pet dog in the spring, the mud hut where he lived with his three mothers seemed empty.
+But the monkeys dashed off the moment those boots came too close for comfort. Slow minutes passed before the six men came into view, then stopped to rest right below Mochi. He stayed to see what they were about, even if his mothers would be awake by now and looking for him. When he got home, nothing would save him from a good beating. He bristled at that. Nobody seemed to appreciate that he was now the man of the family.
+An accident at the diamond mine up north had killed his father three months ago, the same week that his oldest brother had been shot by the drug lord who controlled their village. His three middle brothers had been taken more recently by a curse from an angry jungle spirit one of them had stepped on accidentally. A potion from the witch doctor could have helped, but the witch doctor had been on his annual pilgrimage. So the spirit-curse disease spread through the family, nearly taking Mochi, too. The witch doctor had come back in time to save him, but he'd been too late for the others.
+He was still weak and now hungry. A line of lemon ants marched up the trunk not far from him. Not much, but enough to take the taste of hunger out of his mouth. He stood on the wet branch to reach them, balancing on bare feet.
+He would never have slipped if a small part of the jungle spirit's curse wasn't still wedged somewhere inside him, making his legs unsteady. He grabbed the branch, his feet scrambling in the air for only a second before they found purchase. He barely made any noise at all. But one of the intruders below looked up, right at him.
+A dark smile spread on the man's face.
+He weighed the mango in his hand, then threw it hard. The missile hit Mochi square in the middle of his chest, and the boy lost his perilous perch in the tree.
+A kid was the dead-last thing Jase Campbell needed in the middle of this particular undercover op. He swore under his breath as he watched the boy drop. The soft leaf carpet and the kid's age, meaning flexibility, saved him from any broken bones, as proven by his quick recovery and dash into the trees.
+Most of the men were too tired or too lazy to do anything about it. Mercenaries of the biggest crime lord in the area, they were returning to camp after a weeklong trek through the jungle, tired and sweaty. They just wanted to sit for a second and grab a bite to eat.
+"¡Alto!" But Alejandro, having gotten the kid out of the tree, took off after him.
+Which left Jase no choice but to follow. Not that he knew what he could do without blowing his cover.
+He watched where he stepped as he ran. Even a small scratch from a broken shaft of bamboo could cause a fatal infection out here; the bite of a poisonous snake would mean near-instant death. He didn't have to look up to know which way Alejandro went. The idiot made enough noise for a deaf man to follow—first with his feet, then with his wheezing. He'd had way too much palm wine the night before.
+"I got it." Jase passed him when the man slowed to catch his breath.
+There had to be a village around somewhere, one that wasn't on their itinerary. The kid couldn't have been more than six years old, wouldn't wander into the woods on his own farther than a couple of miles. The boy ran a lot quieter than Alejandro, his tan skin and drab loincloth blending into his surroundings. Only the screeching birds above betrayed the direction he took.
+"Hey," he yelled. Not to make the boy stop, but to scare him into running faster.
+Trees became sparser, the undergrowth thicker as Jase followed. Soon he came out onto a well-worn trail. Probably led to the boy's village. The kid would reach home safely following it. Jase looked after the boy for a second, then turned back. Time to return to the others and let them mercilessly make fun of both him and Alejandro for being so old and feeble that a child could outrun them.
+But he barely walked ten yards before a high-pitched shriek of terror stopped him. He spun on his heels and darted down the trail after the boy.
+He expected some sort of an animal attack, but soon he could smell smoke. Then the village came into view—about two dozen primitive dwellings, the huts burned, bodies littering the ground.
+He slipped his rifle off his shoulder and waited a few seconds. Nothing moved. He stepped into the clearing and followed the shrieking to a partially burned hut. Inside, the boy kneeled next to a dead woman, tears streaming, leaving shiny tracks on his dirty face. Another woman lay facedown in the back of the hut. The smell of death and smoke hung in the air.
+"Take it easy, I'm not going to hurt you."
+Every cell of him protested the senseless destruction as Jase reached for the wrist of the woman nearer to him, then the other's. Neither had a pulse. Anger burned in his gut. The wanton murder of innocent villagers was a good reminder of why he did the work he did—to stop tragedies like this from happening. The crime lords of the area considered the locals disposable pawns in their games, and gave even less thought to the countless victims of the drugs and guns they sent north on a regular basis.
+"Come on." He grabbed the boy by the arm and pulled him outside before the smoldering roof could collapse on them.
+A third woman's lifeless body sprawled behind the hut, the sight sending the kid into a renewed fit of crying.
+"Para," he told the boy. Stop. Then pushed the kid behind him. Someone was coming.
+Alejandro burst from the jungle. "What the hell happened here?" he asked in rapid Spanish.
+"Cristobal is pushing his boundaries forward," Jase responded in the same language.
+Alejandro's facial muscles tightened as he raised his gun to the sky to squeeze off a jungle telegram.
+Jase lifted his hand to hold him off. "Those bastards can't be too far. The huts are still burning."
+Alejandro nodded and lowered his weapon. "Better take the news back to Don Pedro as fast as we can. I'll go tell Lucas."
+If Cristobal's men were pillaging through this corner of the jungle—a group that likely outnumbered Jase's small team judging by the damage they'd wrought here—their best bet was not to engage them but to take information to Don Pedro instead. The big boss could then decide how he wanted to respond to Cristobal, an ex-captain of his who'd recently turned against him.
+Alejandro ran off with a scowl on his pockmarked face.
+Jase waited until the man disappeared from sight before turning to the kid.
+"Go to the other village." He pointed east.
+The small collection of huts they'd left the previous morning was a day's trek for the adults, would be only slightly more for the kid. The boy should be safe there. Cristobal's men weren't heading that way. Jase and the others would have met them if they had been.
+He stepped back into the smoldering hut and grabbed some fruit that had been spilled to the ground, took a piece of cloth to wrap the food, then added his canteen to the bundle. "Here."
+The boy wouldn't move an inch. He shoved the kid gently in the right direction. The boy stepped two feet away, then stopped and stared at him expectantly.
+"¡Vamos!"
+Might as well have been talking to a wild fig tree.
+He turned his back on the boy and moved toward the jungle, hoping the kid would understand that the both of them needed to get going.
+But instead of heading for relative safety, the kid followed him.
+"You can't come with me," he said in Spanish, having no idea if the kid spoke that language or some isolated native tongue. A day's trek in the jungle to the nearest village would be perilous for the boy, but a day's trek in the jungle with a team of seasoned killers would be even worse.
+The kid knew the jungle. With some luck, he had a chance to reach the village. But if he went to Don Pedro's place on the river, his life wouldn't be worth a damn thereafter.
+"Run for it." Jase put on a scary face and stomped his foot.
+But instead of taking off, the boy began crying again, which made him feel like a heartless bastard. Which he was, by the way, so he didn't fully understand why his conscience would choose this moment to have a fit.
+"Go," he said again, his tone suspiciously close to pleading.
+But Alejandro reappeared from the jungle, followed by the other four, and the boy's options disappeared.
+The team spread through the village, looking for evidence of Cristobal's men and picking out whatever they wanted to take. No sense in waste.
+Alejandro came for the kid.
+Jase stepped between them in a stance that would allow him action no matter which way he needed to move.
+"I saw him first." The man put his hands on his hip.
+His protest drew the others' attention. Lucas strolled closer. As team leader, he was responsible for settling trouble.
+Jase being the latest addition to the group, he ranked lowest, firmly on the bottom of the pecking order. He didn't have enough influence to take what he wanted, and to show weakness by admitting that he wanted to save the boy would make the others suspicious. It would conflict too much with the killer image he'd been taking care to cultivate.
+"I looked into his dead mother's eyes. Her spirit said it'll curse me if I don't take care of the kid." He nodded toward the charred hut with a grave face.
+Lucas moved on. Jungle superstition was its own thing. Nobody went against it.
+Alejandro kept the scowl on his face. "Don Pedro would pay me a hundred dollars for him."
+Unlikely. Maybe twenty, if Don Pedro needed someone to help out around the dog-fighting rings he ran in the larger towns downriver, or another runner, or a jungle spy—all jobs with a very low life expectancy.
+Jase pulled his second-best knife, the one with the serrated double edge that Alejandro had coveted from the beginning, and held it out on his palm.
+The man accepted it with a shrug as if being generous, as if the knife wasn't worth ten times more than what he could have gotten for the boy.
+"Hey, Jase found himself a little brother," he called out to the rest, and joined in their laughter as he loped off, not wanting to miss any of the scavenging.
+The men thought of the forest-dwelling natives as little more than animals, so calling one Jase's brother was an insult. Like calling him stupid, which he was. He risked a multimillion-dollar mission almost a year in the making for a scrawny kid.
+He shook his head, then squatted in front of the boy and pointed at himself. "Jase." Then lifted his eyebrows and pointed at the latest complication in his life. Now he would have the responsibility to protect the kid at the compound, and find a way to get him out of this godforsaken corner of the jungle to safety, the sooner the better.
+"Mochi." The boy wiped his tears with the back of his dirty little hand.
+Jase rubbed the bridge of his nose then looked at the men picking through the village. Rough and tough killers, every one of them. On some level, he wasn't much better. He'd certainly seen and caused plenty of violence over the years. What on earth was he going to do with a kid? It'd be a miracle if his cover wasn't blown and they both survived the day.
+happyendingamust
+Posted July 3, 2012
+I like Dana Marton's stories. This isn't my favorite of hers, but it was enjoyable nonetheless.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
+Anonymous
+Posted June 10, 2012
+One of the most boring books ive ever read. No romance until the very last chapter. Total waste of money.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
+BRumsey
+Posted June 5, 2012
+He lives by his wits and staying one step ahead of the danger that surrounds him. So how does our hard as nails hero find himself running through the jungle with a small boy, a three legged dog, and a woman that is eight months pregnant? Pregnant and trapped by her dead husbands brother, who just happens to be a drug lord, our heroine will risk it all to save her unborn child. But can she trust this man who works for her enemy to help her escape a fate worse than death? Romance sizzles at every touch but danger, a job not finished, and untold secrets keep getting in the way. Dana Marton has brought us another Intrigue that keeps you turning the pages. SPY HARD is a must read.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
+yazmin593
+Posted June 1, 2012
+This book is about Jase Campbell an undercover agent in a drug lord's compound in South America, and a very pregnant Melanie Key. In the beginning Jase thinks that Melanie is the Don's girlfriend, but then he finds out that she is his sister-in-law and is carrying the only living blood-relative that the Don has in the entire world. Melanie scared for her well being and that of her child is looking for escape and sees that in Jase. He is different than the other goons in the compound since he saved a child called Mochi from another goon who was trying to get the child as his slave for labor within the compound. He can be her ticket out of there before the baby is born. She knows that as soon as the Don has her baby she is as good as dead. Brewing romance and suspense starts once Jase decides to try and save Melanie, Mochi and a 3 legged dog out of danger within the compound.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
+Anonymous
+Posted June 22, 2012
+No text was provided for this review.
+Overview
+SAVING HER IS MORE DANGEROUS THAN HIS MISSION......
+Graphic wallpaper in the bathroom
+Kids Bathroom, Amber Interiors, Guest Bathroom, Graphics Wallpapers, Poster Fonts, Glamorous Bathroom, Bathroom Wallpaper, Toilets Wallpapers, Powder Rooms
+Graphic wallpaper mixed with statement art in the bathroom. Dig it. Downstairs or kids bathroom??
+AphroChic: 16 Glamorous Bathrooms With Wallpaper - Amber Interior Design
+guest bathroom wallpaper
+Powder Room | Amber Interiors
+The poster font
+books
+Coffee Tables Book, Memorial Tables Book, Coffee Table Books
+Coffee table books.
+Chic Kitchen // gold accents
+Lights Fixtures, Glam Kitchens, Hoods, Chic Kitchens, Bar Chairs, Gold Accent, Bar Stools, Arizona Home, White Kitchens
+I really like the gold/brass light fixtures and the hood. The chairs are also a nice classic style that could work
+Kitchens | Pretty in white: love the bar stools, range hood and pop of color with the flowers...
+Stunning simple glam kitchen design with gold trimmed vent hood. Obsessed.
+Elegant white kitchen with gold accents
+White Kitchen w/ Gold Details & Studded Bar Chairs
+The 360 Office Turnaround by Homepolish San Francisco...
+Offices Revamp, Textiles Pillows, 360 Offices, Offices Turnaround, Rustic Bouquets, Simple Tables, Bouquets Matching, Decor Throw Pillows, Fresh Flowers
+An Office Revamp So Amazing You'll Want To Redo Yours ASAP #refinery29 Fresh flowers are a welcome addition to this simple table; we love how this rustic bouquet matches the decorative throw pillows.
+The 360 Office Turnaround - The vintage textile pillows were a major design focal point and were some of the first things Heidi and K purchased. - @Homepolish San Francisco
+.
+Lamps, Vignettes, Decor, Interiors Style, Sunburst Mirror, Green Notebooks, Ginger Jars, Interiors Design, Black Gold
+Little Green Notebook - living rooms - chic vignette, chic living room, glamorous vignette, vignette on media cabinet, black media cabinet, ...
+interior styling, accessories, sunburst mirror, #home interior decorators #interior design and decoration #interior ideas #interior house design #design bedrooms|
+going to have to make my sunburst mirror... I think I'll find a way to glue seed beads in black, gold & silver to gold sprayed lengths of wood something like this
+vignette with black and brass lamp, ginger jars, sunburst mirror, orchid
+DIY Black and White Polka Dot Art tutorial
+Polka Dots, Idea, Diy Art, Apartment Therapy, Diy Wall Art, Black Dots, Diy Dots, Artsy Apartment, Diy Projects
+diy art
+DIY black dot art
+DIY dot art
+#DIY Wall Art
+8 DIY Projects With Dalmatian Dots from Apartment Therapy
+.
+Tiled Floors, Floors Tile, Dream Bathrooms, Bathroom Black, Dreams Bathroom, Tile Floors, Beautiful Bathroom, Black White Bathrooms, Bathroom Tile
+Perfect bathroom tile
+black white bathroom
+Dream bathroom.
+Luxurious bathroom. Black and white, french doors
+Beautiful Bathroom
+The pattered tile floor keeps the bathroom anything but simple and a tub in the middle of the room is definitely a focal point.
+Floor tiles Via: Lark Linen
+Nicolette Mason's Apartment
+Brick Wall, Ikea Coffee Tables, Round Coffee Tables, Vintage Coffee Tables, Tables Sprays, Paintings Gold, Ikea Hacks, Sprays Paintings, Vintage Couch
+IKEA hack
+For the basement: Ikea coffee table spray painted gold; Also love the colors and vintage couch
+Ikea coffee table spray painted gold; Also love the brick wall and couch
+Round coffee table; velvet deep cushion couch; round mirror
+Navy blue and gold powder bath... @AceHardware
+Gold Chains, Navy Bathroom, Blue Wall, Navy Wall, Bathroom Wall, Navy Blue, Chains Link, Powder Rooms, Pink Peonies
+Navy blue walls and brass accents in a powder room
+Pink Peonies - bathrooms - navy paint colors, navy wall paint, navy wall paint, navy blue paint, navy blue paint colors, navy blue wall paint, navy bathroom walls, maritime sconces, gray sink vanity, white marble countertop, metal vanity sink, hook spout faucet, ginger jar, Gold Chain Link Mirror,
+Elegant Contemporary Interior Designs
+Desks Chairs, Contemporary Interiors Design, Classic Inspiration Interiors, Purple Accent, Purple Satin, Black Chairs, Blue Chairs, Purple Chairs, Accent Chairs
+desk chair
+blue chair
+Purple accent chair
+purple satin chair with jansen table
+Gilded mirror, black chair.
+Gold mirror, purple chair
+from Carlton Varney's (Dorothy Draper protege and master interior designer) new book, Mr. Color: The Greenbriar and Other Decorating Adventures. swoon for that paper
+Bananas Leaf, Banana Leaves, Black And White, The Greenbrier, Wallpapers, Beverly Hill, Bananas Leaves, Dorothy Draper, Hotels
+Dorothy Draper's Brazillance wallpaper, as seen at the Greenbrier Hotel. Not to be confused with Martinique Banana Leaf. Click here for more!
+Bonkers for Banana Leaves | The English Room
+Beverly Hills Hotel famous banana leaf wallpaper. Looks great against black and white tiles
+Black and white floor/Bright green. Dorothy Draper's Brazillance wallpaper, as seen at the Greenbrier Hotel.
+Top 25 DIY Decorating Ideas Under $100
+Decor, Ideas, Living Rooms, Ikea Coffee Tables, Interiors, Memorial Tables, Ikea Hacks, Tables Makeovers, Nests Tables
+I love Ikea Hack ideas! This is a simple black Ikea coffee table that's been hacked! Check out the tutorial here. /BR | the HUNTED INTERIOR
+the HUNTED INTERIOR: Ikea Coffee Table Makeover + Fab Rug Review - $59 for two nesting tables (black)
+IKEA hack: the HUNTED INTERIOR: Ikea Coffee Table Makeover + Fab Rug Review
+Coffe table glass
+Ikea Coffee Table #home design #interior ideas #interior design and decoration #interior design #architecture
+ikea coffee table makeover | via legend in My LiVing Room ~ Cityhaüs Design
+Style At Home: Amanda Dawbarn Of 100 Layer Cake | theglitterguide.com
+Decor, Layered Cakes, Living Rooms, Interiors Design, Galleries Wall, Gold Lamps, Style At Home, Modern Interiors, Art Wall
+Style at Home with Amanda Dawbarn of 100 Layer Cake Whimsical, glamourous & modern room w/ our geometric gold lamp.
+geometric gold #interior decorating #living room design #home designs #modern interior design|
+Style At Home: Amanda Dawbarn Of 100 Layer Cake #modern interior design #home decorating #home designs|
+Gallery wall and lamp. Style At Home: Amanda Dawbarn Of 100 Layer Cake | theglitterguide.com
+Art wall, gold lamp.
+glam home decor
+Greek Keys Wall Design, Consoles Tables, Joss And Maine, Zebras Rugs, Zebras Prints, Black Gold, Gold Lamps, Dark Wall, Black Wall
+Zebra rug. Funky lamps. Dark walls.
+Joss and Main | black wall | pops of gold & white
+Gold pops off this dark wall and this Zebra Print Rug adds a wow factor!
+Dramatic! black, gold zebra print
+black wall, gold lamps
+I love the brass Greek key lamps against the black wall, the matching console table & that zebra print rug. Elegant & chic. Viv
+floral chair
+Decor, Ideas, Floral Fabric, Floral Prints, Floral Chairs, Color, Fabrics, Accent Chairs, Old Chairs
+Use fabric and paint to update a old chair. Like the idea, but different fabric for me.
+⋴⍕ Boho Decor Bliss ⍕⋼ bright gypsy color & hippie bohemian mixed pattern home decorating ideas - chair for pop of flowers
+Love the fabric! Inspiration for when I reupholster my accent chair and piano bench.
+Pretty modern bright color floral fabric on Victorian side chair
+the blue house: flower power - Amrapali Peony fabric - I need a bright floral chair!
+Fresh floral print. (probably not these colors, but I like the idea!)
+oversize planters
+Plants Can, Design Interiors, Interiors Design, White, Front Doors, House, Planters, Narrow Hallways, Entrance
+Gorgeous entryway with nautical sconce and antlers flanking white wood siding which frames the open doorway with transom window. A pair of large gray ceramic planters flank the doorway alongside a chevron door mat. The doorway leads to white beadboard clad walls and ceiling hung with a cone shaped glass pendant over white hardwood floors.
+Narrow hallway, vertical panelling, feature archway.
+entrance white weatherboard pot plants jun13
+Lovely plants for an entryway #home #home design #modern house design #interior design #modern home design|
+Design Chic: White Painted Floors credit--Kara Rosenlund Stylist. I love the two pots either side of the front door, the chevron welcome mat (I wonder where that is from?) And being able to see straight through the house is fabulous!
+great bedside table
+David Hicks La Fiorentina Parsons Chair | Modern Elegance contemporary-dining-room by D2 INTERIEURS
+Design Dining, Bedrooms Fabrics Ideas, Chairs Fully, Dining Chairs, Chairs Legs, Decor Inspiration, Patterns Chairs, Contemporary Dining Rooms, Interior D2
+upholstered chair legs
+Bold patterns on dining chairs
+Elegant contemporary dining room
+chairs fully upholstered
+Patterned chairs
+Designer Dining Room by D2 Interieurs
+Black-and-White photo gallery wall w/ a bright mint green chair
+Bedrooms Decor Black And White, Romantic Bedrooms, Mint Black And White Bedrooms, Tiffany Blue, Black White, Bedrooms Photo Wall, Blue Chairs, Modern White Wall Bedrooms, Photo Galleries Wall
+Black-and-White photo gallery wall w/ a Tiffany blue chair
+Travel black white photo gallery wall
+Chic vanity
+Decor, Mirror,???
+Style At Home: Kilee Hughes | theglitterguide.com
+Decor Style, Brushstrok Lamps, Bedrooms Details, Blue Lamps, Interiors Design, Design Lamps, Cool Lamps, Blue Home Decor, Sweet Dreams
+Sweet Dreams | Reign Magazine
+Janabek Design Lamp
+Interior Design Exploration
+Style At Home: Kilee Hughes | theglitterguide.com chic decor style
+cool lamp! Could probably make a version of it with a Homegoods find!
+White/ Blue Home Decor
+Love this painted cobalt blue lamp
+*Bedroom Details*
+Cobalt brushstroke lamp
+Interior Design House Home Styling Style Architecture Real Estate Furniture Art Loft NYC Contemporary Vintage Antique Modern
+Wall Art, Wallart, Antonio Mora, Living Room, Interiors Design, Wooden Wall, Wooden Art, Woods Planks, Art Wall
+Unique home deco collage over wood planks art wall | Interior design trends for 2015 #interiordesignideas #trendsdesign
+woodboy, collage over wood planks 280x 320 cms, artwork antonio mora. Wouldn't do this in my living room, but I love the artistic look of this. Love the idea of a picture in the wood!
+wooden art.
+want the WALL ART for the ManCave - Unique home deco collage over wood planks art wall
+Wooden Wall Art
+This wall art is incredibly intriguing. I really want it (on a smaller scale of course). #Art #WallArt #GraphicArt
+Black and White Dining
+Dining Rooms, Dining Area, Black And White, Ceilings Details, Interiors Design, Zebras Rugs, Black White, Dining Nook, Dinning Rooms
+Black White Dining Room
+Black and White Dining - zebra rug in dining room
+Love the black and white dining area.
+black ceiling detail w mirrors. could be cool for defining dining area
+Black and white dinning room
+Black and white dining nook
+Interior Design - Black and White Dining Room
+Home-Styling
+Dining Rooms, Idea, Frames, Black And White, Galleries Wall, Interiors Design, Photo Wall, Black White, Pictures Wall
+dining room picture wall #black #white #dining #long #table
+beautiful black and white styled dinning room with black and white photo wall. the white frames on the white wall look fantastic, and this is such a unique idea!
+like the gallery wall of white frames and black and white pics.
+Black and white dining room- like the photo wall behind as an idea for the dinning/spill over room
+photo wall in the dining #interior ideas #hotel interior design #interior design #architecture|
+dining room picture wall... Now, imagine this – only changeable. ..... the previous pinner had some great ideas, but i'd love to do this exact wall display in the hallway! it's so pretty...
+Home-Styling
+Reading Nook: contemporary living room by Bruce Norman Long
+Zebra Print Design, Pictures, Remodel, Decor and Ideas - page 3
+Reading corner. reading chair bnl design
+Sweet reading corner! (contemporary living room by Bruce Norman Long)
+Den With Built Ins Ny Small Design Ideas, Pictures, Remodel, and Decor - page 26
+reading area and built in
+A reading nook is a classic use of a corner space, and with good reason. All you need is a comfy chair, good lighting and ideally a side table to hold books or a glass of wine, and you’ve got yourself a cozy corner.
+The invention relates to a golf ball teeing apparatus having a ball storage rack below the upper surface of the apparatus and a ball elevator for raising balls adjacent a discharge end of the storage rack.
+Golf ball teeing apparatuses are designed to be employed primarily at driving ranges. These aparatuses obviate the need to stoop and place each ball on a tee. Instead, the apparatuses feed one ball at a time frm a ball storage compartment and place the ball in the appropriate position on a tee-like device. Typically the devices are operated by manual force on a button. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,127,282 to Beckett shows a device of this class including a button which is connected to a lever. The lever is connected to a tee-like device. There is a mechanism for feedng one ball at a time onto the tee-like device. This consists of rods connected to a lever.
+Other U.S. Patents showing golf ball teeing appraratuses include U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,545,959 to Huyler; 1,598,971 to Kenyon; 1,695,006 to Brockhagen; 1,888,256 to Baumagartner; 1,952,113 to Beckett and 2,711,321 to McGraw.
+One problem associated with the prior art devices is the fact that many of them have a ball storage container which extends above the top surface of the device. Normally the top surface of the device would be at ground level and such above-ground storage can interfere with the golfer's freedom of movement or swing. Ideally, the device should be almost entirely below ground level except for the tee-like device to duplicate golf course conditions as much as possible.
+A golf ball teeing apparatus has an upper surface. There is tee means having a ball receiving top and being vertically reciprocable between a retracted position and a raised position where the top is above the upper surface. There is feed means for feeding one ball at a time onto the top of the tee means. The feed means is adjacent the top of the tee means when the tee means is in the retracted position. A guide track means slopes downwardly towards the feed means. A ball storage rack means below the upper surface slopes downwardly towards a discharge end thereof. There is ball elevating means for raising balls from a lower position adjacent the discharge end of the storage rack means to an upper position where the balls can roll down the guide track means to the feed means.
+In a preferred form, there is a lever mechanism connected to the ball elevating means, the feed means and the tee means for coordinated movement thereof.
+The ball elevating means may comprise a vertically movable portion of the guide track means. In this case, the elevating means is generally horizontal in the lower position.
+The feed means may comprise a vertically reciprocable ball raising device capable of receivng one ball from the guide track means. The ball raising device has a lower ball receiving position aligned with the guide track means and a raised feeding position where the one ball is raised above the guide track means. Preferably, the ball raising device has a ball receiving top which is sloped downwardly towards the top of the tee means in the raised position.
+The apparatus may further comprise a vertical tube, the tee means being vertically reciprocable in the tube. The tee means has a cross sectional extent slightly less than the cross sectional extent of the tube. There is deflection means selectively projectable into the tube to tilt the tee means as the tee means moves to the raised position so a ball moving upwardly from the tee means is discharged onto the upper surface of the apparatus.
+In the drawings:
+FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the top, one end and one side of a golf ball teeing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
+FIG. 2a is a top plan view, partly fragmentary, of one end of the apparatus of FIG. 1 with the upper surface removed;
+FIG. 2b is a continuation of FIG. 2a and is a plan of the end of the apparatus opposite the one end of FIG. 2a;
+FIG. 3a is a sectional view along line 3--3 of FIGS. 2a and 2b showing one end of the apparatus and the tee means in the raised position;
+FIG. 3b is a continuation of FIG. 3a showing the end of the appratus opposite the one end of FIG. 3a;
+FIGS. 3c+3d are views similar to FIGS. 3a and 3b, respectively, with the tee means in the retracted position;
+FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 2;
+FIG. 5 is an enlarged top plan view showing the tee means and feed means of the apparatus;
+FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6--6 of FIG. 4;
+FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 2b;
+FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8--8 of FIG. 2b;
+FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9--9 of FIG. 2a;
+FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10--10 of FIG. 9;
+FIG. 11a is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 11--11 of FIG. 2 showing the tee means and the deflection means in their retracted positions;
+FIG. 11b is a fragmentary sectional view equivalent to FIG. 11a, showing the tee means in the raised position, the deflection means projecting into the tube and the tee means tilted by the deflection means;
+FIG. 12 is a top view of the tee means; and
+FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13--13 of FIG. 12.
+A golf ball teeing apparatus is shown generally at 1 in the drawings. The exterior of the apparatus is shown best in FIG. 1. The apparatus is enclosed in a casing 2 having an upper surface 4 comprising the top of a square piece of rubber mat 5, sides 6 and 8 and ends 10 and 12. Bottom 14 is shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. A rectangular piece of indoor-outdoor carpet 3 is fitted within a similar sized rectangular opening in the mat 5. A hinged door 16, shown in the raised position, gives access to a ball storage compartment below upper surface 4. The apparatus has a tee-like device or tee means 18, shown in FIG. 1 in its raised position, projecting through aperture 20 in the upper surface. A ball 22 is shown positioned on the top of the tee-like device. A button 24 projects through an aperture 26 in the upper surface and serves as manually activated means for operating the apparatus. There is also a lever 28 projecting through a slot 30 on the upper surface. Lever 28 serves to move the tee-like device 18 to the position shown, or, selectively, to tilt the tee-like device at its raised position so the ball is discharged onto the carpet 3.
+Referring to FIG. 13, the tee-like device 18 has a stem 34 connected to a disc shaped lower portion 35. The lower portion is received within a recess 37 in the top of a cylindrical base 32. A nut like male threaded member 39 is screwed onto corresponding female threads in recess 37 to hold the lower portion in place. The stem 34 has a top 38 for receiving a ball 22 as shown in FIG. 3b. A pair of outwardly extending flat tabs 40 and 42, perforated by apertures 43 and 45, are connected to the base as shown in FIG. 13. The tee-like device 18 is vertically reciprocable within a vertical tube 44 between a retracted position shown in FIG. 3d and a raised position shown in FIG. 3b where the top 38 is above the upper surface 4 of the apparatus.
+The tube 44 is shown in better detail in FIGS. 4, and 5 and 6. The tube extends between the upper surface 4 and the bottom 14 of the apparatus and communicates with the aperture 20 as shown in FIG. 4. The tube has vertical slots 46 and 48 on each side which slidably receive tabs 40 and 42, respectively as shown in FIG. 5. Referring to FIG. 4 and 6, an aperture 50 is formed in the side of the tube near upper surface 4. The aperture 50 is circular when viewed in elevation as seen in FIG. 6 and is sized to admit a golf ball into the tube through the aperture. The inside of the tube has a diameter or cross-sectional extent slightly larger than the diameter or cross-sectional extent of the base 32 of the tee-like device. This permits the tee-like device as shown best in FIG. 5 to slide freely within the tube and to tilt slightly as shown in FIG. 11b.
+The apparatus has a feed mechanism 52, shown best in FIGS. 4 to 6, which feeds one ball at a time onto the top 38 of the tee-like device through aperture 50 in the tube 44. The feed mechanism includes a vertically reciprocable ball raising device 54 which is rectangular when viewed from the top as shown in FIG. 5. The ball raising device has a back wall 56, side walls 58 and 60 and a front wall 62 shown in FIG. 5. The side walls 58 and 60 have tops 64 and 66 which slope downwardly in the direction of the tube 44 as seen in FIG. 4. A pair of flat tabs 68 and 70 project outwardly from side walls 58 and 60 respectively and pins 72 and 74 project outwardly from tabs 68 and 70 as shown best in FIG. 6.
+Referring to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the ball raising device 54 is vertically reciprocable between a lower ball receiving position shown in solid lines in FIG. 4 and a raised feeding position shown in broken lines. The device is reciprocable between side walls 76 and 78 of a feeder guide track 80. The side walls of the feeder guide track have tops 82 and 84 respectively, shown in FIG. 5, which slope downwardly towards the tube 44 as best appreciated for top 84 in FIG. 4. Vertical slots 86 and 88 in the side walls of the feeder guide track, shown in FIG. 5, slidably receive tabs 70 and 68, respectively, of the ball raising device. Slot 88 is shown in better detail in FIG. 4. As may be observed in FIG. 4, the top 64 of the side wall 58 of the ball raising device slopes downwardly towards the top of the tee-like device, as does top 66 of side wall 60, when the tee-like device is in the retracted position and the ball raising device is in the raised position, both shown in broken lines. A coil spring 89 resiliently biases the ball raising device towards the raised position. The feed mechanism 52 includes a first stop for stopping a ball on the sloped top of the ball raising device when the ball raising device is in the retracted position. The first stop comprises a portion 90 of the tube 44 just below aperture 50 as shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 3b, this portion of the tube serves to stop a ball 22.1. The feed mechanism also includes a second stop for stopping a ball on the feeder guide track adjacent the ball raising device 54 when the ball raising device is in the raised position. The second stop comprises back wall 56 shown stopping a ball 22.2 in FIG. 3d.
+The apparatus has a ball storage compartment 92 shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, to 3d and 7, which is entirely below the upper surface 4 of the apparatus. The ball storage compartment includes a sloped surface 94, shown in FIGS. 2a, 3a and 3c located below the door 16 shown in FIG. 1. Sloped surface 94 extends to the ball receiving end 96 of each of a plurality of storage racks 98 as shown in FIGS. 2a, 3a and 3c. The storage racks each consist of a pair of spaced apart rails 100 shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b and 7. The rails slope downwardly to their adjacent discharge ends 102 at the discharge end 104 of compartment 92 as shown in FIG. 2b.
+the apparatus 1 has a ball elevator 106 shown best in FIGS. 7 and 8. The ball elevator consists of a pair of parallel top rails 108 and 110 and a bottom rail 112 which is spaced apart below the top rails and extends midway between the top rails. A plurality of struts 114 connect the bottom rail to the top rails 108 and 110. Referring to FIG. 7, there is a spring housing 116 at one end of the ball elevator and a similar, but shorter, spring housing 118 at the opposite end adjacent the feeder guide track 80. A coil spring 120 is located inside housing 116 and has a top end 124 connected to the top 132 of the housing. Spring 122 has a top end 126 connected to top 134 of housing 118. Coil spring 120 has a bottom end 128 connected to one end of bottom rail 112, while spring 122 has a bottom end 130 connected to the opposite end of the bottom rail. Top rails 108 and 110 are vertically slidable within vertical slots 136 and 140 in the housing 116 as shown in FIG. 8. Rail 112 is vertically slidable in a vertical slot 138. The opposite end of rail 112 is vertically slidable in slot 142 of housing 118. As shown in FIG. 7, rail 112 extends completely to housing 118 shown in FIG. 7, but top rails 108 and 110 extend from housing 116 to just short of feed guide track 80. Springs 120 and 122 serve as resilient means biasing the ball elevator 106 towards the upper position shown in solid lines in FIG. 7. Slots 136, 138 and 140 extend a vertically greater distance from bottom 14 on housing 116 than does slot 142 on housing 118. Portions 144 of housing 116 above the slots and the corresponding portion 146 of housing 118 therefore serve as stops for sloping the ball elevator towards the feed guide track in the upper position of the elevator as illustrated in solid lines in FIG. 7. In the lower position, shown in broken lines, the ball elevator is horizontal and adjacent the discharge end 102 of the storage racks 98 as seen in FIG. 8.
+The ball elevator 106 of FIG. 7 and the ball raising device 54 of FIG. 4 are operatively connected to the tee-like device 18 by a lever mechanism 148 for coordinated movement of these components as shown generally in FIGS. 3a, 3c and 3d. The lever mechanism includes a first lever 150 having a bifurcated first end 152, shown in FIGS. 2b, 3b and 3d with two prongs 154 and 156 also shown in FIG. 5. The first lever has a second end 158 connected to the shaft 160 of a resiliently biased damping device 162 as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3c. Lever 150 is capable of pivotal movement about shaft 160 and is upwardly biased to the raised position of FIGS. 3a and 3b by the damping device. The damping device is suitably of the type used for closing doors. It serves to resiliently bias lever 150 upwards, while controlling its rate of movement. As seen in FIGS. 3a and 3c, button 24 is vertically elongated and has a bottom depending stem 164. Stem 164 is connected to first lever 150 by a pin 166 extending through slot 168 in the lever. The prongs 154 and 156 extend through apertures 43 and 45 in tabs 40 and 42 of the tee-like device 18 as shown in FIG. 5. Prong 56 is shown in detail in FIG. 11b. This serves to operatively connect the first lever to the tee-like device as seen in FIGS. 4 and 5. In addition, as also seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, prongs 154 and 156 bear upon rollers 170 and 172 which are rotatably mounted on pins 174 and 176. Pins 174 and 176 are connected to the first ends 178 and 180 of a pair of feed levers 182 and 184. The feed levers have second ends 186 and 188 and are pivotable about a shaft 190, shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, which is connected to the feed levers between the first and second ends and mounted on the side walls 76 and 78 of the feeder guide track 80. Pin 72 of the ball raising device extends through a slot 192 near second end 188 of feed lever 184 as shown in FIG. 4. Pin 74 extends through an identical slot near the second end 186 of the feed lever 182.
+Referring to FIGS. 3a to 3d, the apparatus has a second lever 194 and a third lever 196 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Lever 194 has a first end 198, shown in FIG. 3a, and a second end 200 shown in FIGS. 3b and 3d. Lever 196 has a first end 202, shown in FIG. 3b, and a second end 204 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The second lever 194 is pivotable about a pin 206 between the first end and the second end as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3d. The third lever is pivotable about a pin 208 between its first end and second end as shown in FIGS. 3b, 3d and 8.
+The second lever is connected to button 24 and the first lever 150 by means of the pin 166 shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. The pin extends through a slot in the second lever similar to the slot 168 in the first lever. A pin 210 connects the second lever and third lever near the second end of the first lever and the first end of the second lever as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3d. The pin extends through a slot 212 in the second lever and a similar slot in the third lever. The second end 204 of the third lever is horizontally flat and extends between the top rails 108 and 110 and the bottom rail 112 of the ball elevator 106 as shown in FIG. 8.
+Referring to FIG. 9, lever 28 has a threaded lower portion 214 connected by a nut 216 to a first right angle bracket 218. Bracket 218 is pivotally connected to a second right angled bracket 220 by a link pin 221. Bracket 220 is mounted on the bottom 14 of the apparatus. The lever extends through a bushing 222 connected to the end of a control rod 224 shown in FIG. 10. Bushing 222 is mounted on top of bracket 218. As may be seen in FIG. 10, the interior aperture of bushing 222 has inside walls 226 which are convexly curved. In addition, the interior aperture is larger in diameter than shaft 228 of lever 28. The control rod extends slidably through aperture 230 in support column 232 shown in FIG. 3b and 3d. A step up in control rod 224 is formed by a short vertical portion 234 shown in FIGS. 11a and 11b. A short, horizontal portion 236 extends from vertical portion 234 slidably through a bushing 238. Horizontal portion 236 is hollow, having a deflector 240 slidably received therein. The deflector 240 is biased outwardly by a coil spring 242 so a tip 244 of the deflector extends through an aperture 245 in the horizontal portion shown in FIG. 11a. FIG. 11a shows the position of the tip 244 of the deflector when lever 28 has been moved to the end of slot 30 closest to button 24. When the lever is moved to the end of slot 30 closest tee-like device 18, the tip 244 projects through a slot 246 in tube 44 as shown in FIG. 11b. As also seen in this figure, aperture 20 in the mat 5 has a diameter less than the interior diameter of tube 44. A smooth transition between the interior of the tube and the aperture is formed by a neck 248.
+The apparatus 1 is manually operated by pushing button 24, normally with the foot. The only control other than the button is lever 28.
+Before using the apparatus, door 16 is opened and a pluality of golf balls are dropped into the ball storage compartment until all of the storage racks 98 and the area on top of sloped surface 94 are filled with golf balls. Approximately 100 golf balls can be stored. After the apparatus is filled, the door is closed. The golfer then presses button 24 with his foot. This simultaneously lowers lever 150 and the first end 198 of second lever 194. The second end 200 of the second lever is simultaneously raised together with the first end 202 of the third lever 196. The second end 204 of the third lever is therefore lowered to the position shown in broken lines in FIGS. 7 and 8. Since this end of the lever is between the top rails and bottom rail of the ball elevator, the ball elevator moves to the horizontal lower position also illustrated in broken lines. Four balls from the discharge end 104 of the ball storage compartment roll onto the guide track formed by the top rails 108 and 110 of the ball elevator. The golfer then releases button 24 and resiliently biased damping device 162 simultaneously raises lever 150 and the second end 204 of the third lever 196. Ball elevator 106 is thereby moved to the raised position shown in solid lines in FIGS. 7 and 8 by the action of the third lever and springs 120 and 122. The stops formed by portions 144 and 146 of spring housings 116 and 118 hold the raised ball elevator in the tilted position shown in FIG. 7 sloped downwardly towards feed guide track 80. The balls on the top rails 108 and 110 therefore roll down the top rails which at this point act as a guide track for the balls. When the balls reach the feed guide track, the first ball makes a right angled turn and rolls to the position of ball 22.1 in FIG. 3b, while the next ball fills in the space behind it.
+At this point, the golfer again pushes button 24. This lowers lever 150 which thereby moves tee-like device 18 to the lower position of FIG. 3d. When the prongs 154 and 156 are near the bottom of the apparatus, they contact rollers 170 and 172, lowering first ends 178 and 180 of feed levers 182 and 184 and thereby raise the second ends 186 and 188 of the feed levers which raise the ball raising device 54. The back wall 56 of the ball raising device prevents the next ball in line from moving as illustrated in FIG. 3d. At the same time, the ball raising device is raised to the position shown where the ball on top is aligned with aperture 50 in the tube 44. The ball rolls down the sloped top of the ball raising device and enters the tube, resting on the top 38 of the tee-like device. While this is occurring, the ball elevator is again at the lower position shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 where more balls can roll off of the storage rack to fill the spaces available on the ball elevator. The golfer then releases button 24. This permits lever 150 to raise, thus moving the tee-like device 18 to the raised position of FIG. 3b, while returning the ball raising device 54 to the lower position of FIG. 3b and raising the ball elevator to the raised position. Thereafter, each push of the button 24 loads a ball onto the tee-like device and releasing the button moves another ball to above the upper surface 4. This may be continued until the ball storage compartment and guide track means are empty.
+The operation of the device as described above is with lever 28 at the end of slot 30 closest to button 24 as illustrated in FIGS. 3b and 3d. Since control rod 224 is connected to the lever, it is in the retracted position of FIG. 11a where tip 244 of the deflector does not extend through slot 246 in the tube. The tee-like device therefore remains straight as it projects through the top of the tube and aperture 20 in the upper surface of the apparatus. The ball remains on the top 38 of the tee-like device. However, the golfer may wish to hit the balls from the carpet 3 instead of from the top of the teeing device. This is achieved by pushing lever 28 to the opposite end of slot 30 which is closest to tee-like device 18. This moves control rod 224 towards the tube so tip 244 of the deflector projects through aperture 246 into the tube just below aperture 20 in the upper surface. In this position, the base 32 of the tee-like device contacts the tip 244 as the tee-like device reciprocates upwardly after button 24 is released. As mentioned previously, tube 44 has a larger internal diameter than the diameter of the tee-like device, so the tee-like device is tilted near the top of the tube as illustrated in FIG. 11b. In addition, slots 46 and 48 are wider than tabs 40 and 42 and have cut out portions 250 to permit the tilting. Therefore, the ball rolls off of the top 38 onto the carpet after the top 38 is above the surface. Spring 242 permits lever 28 to be moved even if the tee-like device is in the raised position, but the tilted position cannot be achieved until button 24 is pushed and released again. In the preferred embodiment of FIGS. 11a and 11b, the aperture 20 in the mat 5 is smaller in diameter than the interior of the tube to assure that the tee-like device remains straight as it emerges above the upper surface 4 when tip 244 is retracted.
+, a refresher. Van Westendorp’s Price Sensitivity Meter is one of a number of direct techniques to research pricing. Direct techniques assume that people have some understanding of what a product or service is worth, and therefore that it makes sense to ask explicitly about price. By contrast, indirect techniques, typically using conjoint or discrete choice analysis, combine the price with other attributes, ask questions about the total package, and then extract feelings about price from the results.
+I prefer direct pricing techniques in most situations for several reasons:
+- I believe people can usually give realistic answers about price.
+- Indirect techniques are generally more expensive because of setup and analysis.
+- It is harder to explain the results of conjoint or discrete choice to managers or other stakeholders.
+- Direct techniques can be incorporated into qualitative studies in addition to their usual use in a survey.
+Remember that all pricing research makes the assumption that people understand enough about the landscape to make valid comments. If someone doesn’t really have any idea about what they might be buying, the response won’t mean much regardless of whether the question is direct or the price is buried. Lack of knowledge presents challenges for radically new products. This aspect is one reason why pricing research should be treated as providing an input into pricing decisions, not a complete or absolute answer.
+Other than Van Westendorp, the main direct pricing research methods are these:
+- Direct open-ended questioning (“How much would you pay for this”). This is generally a bad way to ask, but you might get away with it at the end of a in-depth (qualitative) interview.
+- Monadic (“Would you be willing to buy at $10”). This method has some merits, including being able to create a demand curve with a large enough sample and multiple price points. But there are some problems, chief being the difficulty of choosing price points, particularly when the prospective purchaser’s view of value is wildly different from the vendor’s. Running a pilot might help, but you run the risk of having to throw away results from the pilot. But if you include open-ended questions for comments, and people tell you the suggested price is ridiculous, at least you’ll know why nobody wants to buy at the price you set in the pilot. Monadic questioning is pretty simple, but it is generally easy to do better without much extra work.
+- Laddering (“would you buy at $10”, then “would you buy at $8” or “would you still buy at $12″). Don’t even think about using this approach, as the results won’t tell you anything. The respondent will treat the series of questions as a negotiation rather than research. If you wanted to ask
+about different configurations the problem is even worse.
+- Van Westendorp’s Price Sensitivity Meter uses open-ended questions combining price and quality. Since there is an inherent assumption that price is a reflection of value or quality, the technique is not useful for a true luxury good (that is, when sales volume increases at higher prices). Peter Van Westendorp introduced the Price Sensitivity Meter in 1976 and it has been widely used since then throughout the market research industry.
+How to set up and analyze using Van Westendorp questions
+The actual text typically varies with the product or service being tested, but usually the questions are worded like this:
+-
+There is debate over the order of questions, so you should probably just choose the order that feels right to you.
+The questions can be asked in-person, by telephone, on paper or (most frequently these days) online questionnaire. In the absence of a human administrator who can assure comprehension and valid results, online or paper surveys require well-written instructions. You may want to emphasize that the questions are different and highlight the differences. Some researchers use validation to force the respondent to create the expected relationships between the various values, but if done incorrectly this can backfire (see my earlier post). If you can’t validate in real-time (some survey tools won’t support the necessary programming), then you’ll need to clean the data (eliminate inconsistent responses) before analyzing. Whether you validate or not, remember that the questions use open-ended numeric responses. Don’t make the mistake of imposing your view of the world by offering ranges.
+Excel formulae make it easy to do the checking, but to simplify things for an eyeball check, make sure the questions are ordered in your spreadsheet as you would expect prices to be ranked, that is Too Cheap, Bargain, Getting Expensive, Too Expensive.
+Ensure that the values are numeric (you did set up your survey tool to store values rather than text didn’t you? – if not another Excel manipulation is needed), and then create your formula like this:
+IF(AND(TooCheap<=Bargain,Bargain<=GettingExpensive, GettingExpensive<=TooExpensive), OK, FAIL)
+You should end up with something like this extract:
+Perhaps respondent 3 didn’t understand the wording of the questions, or perhaps (s)he didn’t want to give a useful response. Either way, the results can’t be used. If the survey had used validation, the problem would have been avoided, but we would also have run the risk of annoying someone and causing them to terminate, potentially losing other useful data. Not an easy call.
+Now you need to analyze the valid data. Van Westendorp results are displayed graphically for analysis, using plots of cumulative percentages. I use Excel’s Histogram tool to generate the values for the plots. You’ll need to set up the buckets,so it might be worth rank ordering the responses to get a good idea of the right approach. Or you might have an idea of price increments that make sense.
+Create your own buckets, otherwise the Excel Histogram tool will make its own from the data, but they won’t be helpful.
+Just to make the process even more complicated, you will need to plot inverse cumulative distributions (1 minus the number from the Histogram tool) for two of the questions – Too Cheap and Getting Expensive. Warning: if you search online you may find that plots vary, particularly in which questions are flipped. What I’m telling you here is my approach which seems to be the most common, and is also consistent with the Wikipedia article, but the final cross check is the vocalizing test, which we’ll get to shortly.
+Before we get to interpretation, let’s apply the vocalization test. Read some of the results from the plots to see if everything makes sense intuitively.
+“At $10, only 12% think the product is NOT a bargain, and at $26, 90% think it is NOT a bargain.”
+“44% think it is too cheap at $5, but at $19 only 5% think it is too cheap.”
+“At $30, 62% think it is too expensive, while 31% think it is NOT expensive – meaning 69% think it is getting expensve” (Remember these are cumulative – the 69% includes the 62%). Maybe this last one isn’t a good example of the vocalization check as you have to revert back to the non flipped version. But it is still a good check; more people will perceive something as getting expensive than too expensive.
+Interpretation
+Much has been written on interpreting the different intersections and the relationships between intersections of Van Westendorp plots. Personally, I think the most useful result is the Range of Acceptable Prices. The lower bound is the intersection of Too Cheap and Expensive (sometimes called the point of marginal cheapness). The upper bound is the intersection of Too Expensive and Not Expensive (the point of marginal expensiveness). In the chart above, this range is from $10 to $25. As you can see, there is a very significant perception shift below $10. The size of the shift is partly accounted for by the fact that $10 is an even value. People believe that $9.99 is very different from $10; even though this survey used whole dollar numbers, this effect is still apparent. Although the upper intersection is at $25, the Too Expensive and Not Expensive lines don’t diverge much until $30. In this case, anywhere between $25 and $30 for the upper bound would probably make little difference – at least before testing demand.
+Some people think the so-called optimal price (the intersection of Too Expensive and Too Cheap) is useful, but I think there is a danger of trying to create static perfection in a dynamic world, especially since pricing research is generally only one input to a pricing decision. For more on the overall discipline of pricing, Thomas Nagle’s book is a great source.
+Going beyond Van Westendorp’s original questions
+As originally proposed, the Van Westendorp questions provide no information about willingness to purchase, and thus nothing about expected revenue or margin.
+To provide more insight into demand and profit, we can add one or two more questions.
+The simple approach is to add a single question along the following lines:
+At a price between the price you identified as ‘a bargain’ and the price you said was ‘getting expensive’, how likely would you be to purchase?
+With a single question, we’d generally use a Likert scale response (Very unlikely, Unlikely, Unsure, Likely, Very Likely) and apply a model to generate an expected purchase likelihood at each point. The model will probably vary by product and situation, but let’s say 70% of Very Likely + 50% of Likely as a starting point. It is generally better to be conservative and assume that fewer will actually buy than tell you they will, but there is no harm in using what-ifs to plan in case of a runaway success, especially if there is a manufacturing impact.
+A more comprehensive approach is to ask separate questions for the ‘bargain’ and ‘getting expensive’ prices, in this case using percentage responses. The resulting data can be turned into demand/revenue curves, again based on modeled assumptions or what-ifs for the specific situation.
+Conclusion
+Van Westendorp pricing questions offer a simple, yet powerful way to incorporate price perceptions into pricing decisions. In addition to their use in large scale surveys described here, I’ve used these questions for in-depth interviews and focus groups (individual responses followed by group discussion).
+Idiosyncratically,
+Mike Pritchard
+References
+Wikipedia article:’s_Price_Sensitivity_Meter
+The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing, Thomas Nagle, John Hogan, Joseph Zale, is the standard pricing reference. The fifth edition contains a new chapter on price implementation and several updated examples on pricing challenges in today’s markets.
+Or you can buy an older edition to save money. Search for Thomas Nagle pricing
+Pricing with Confidence, Reed Holden.
+The Price Advantage, Walter Baker, Michael Marn, Craig Zawada.
+Van-Westendorp PH,(1976), NSS Price Sensitivity Meter – a new approach to the study of consumer perception of price. Proceedings of the 29th Congress, Venice ESOMAR
+In your article you say, “The upper bound is the intersection of Too Expensive and Cheap (the point of marginal expensiveness). In the chart above, this range is from $50 to $100. As you can see, there is a very significant perception shift either side of the $50 and $100 price points.” However, the range of prices only goes up to $75. Am I missing something?
+Ron, you definitely aren’t missing something. This section wasn’t updated after the chart was changed. Thanks for spotting the inconsistency. I’ve updated the text, with some additional points, hopefully helpful.
+Thanks for the great article. I have done this many times in the past but the data set is weighted. Should I use the weighted data for this technique or revert to unweighted? Not sure how the weight might impact the results or if there is some agreed upon process for this. Thanks!
+I’m glad you liked the article Holly. Weighting – that’s an interesting question. We normally run the charts on unweighted data, but typically using 2 or 3 filters for groups of interest. That isn’t the same as weighting, I know, but I usually find that splitting up this way shows distinctions that make sense – e.g. people who are more engaged in the area served by a new product are willing to pay higher prices. I suspect that this filtering might have more impact on results than weighting for, say, age or gender. However, logically, weighting would make sense. For instance, if males are inclined to pay more, yet the results contain more females, the results will be somewhat skewed.
+Anyway, I’ve figured out a way to incorporate weighting. This is conceptual, but I’ve tested it with some data and a weighting variable based on randomization. Previously, I used the Excel COUNTIFS function to count the number of cumulative responses for each price point. To use weighting, use SUMIFS instead. Something like this (using Excel tables):
+SUMIFS([WeightingVariable],[Bargain],">="&PricePoint)
+If your weighting process doesn’t end up with the same total number of responses as you started with, you’ll need adjust the divisor for the percentages.
+When I tested, I saw that the charts were a little different from the unweighted version, but not much. Of course, the difference is based on on my artificial weighting. I didn’t want to hold up a response while I searched for a dataset from a pricing study with relevant weighting.
+Does this make sense?
+Mike
+Hi Mike – This article is very helpful! We’ve just conducted a study using Van Westendorp questions, without using programing logic to validate the responses in the field. Now as we look through the data, we’re wondering whether the number of invalid respondents we’re seeing is normal or not. Can you give us a sense of how many respondents typically give inconsistent answers to the Van Westendorp questions?
+Thanks!
+Hey Mike,
+Thanks very much for your help! Looked like I didnt reverse the two lines – the charts make sense now, which has immensly helped with my study! Also liked your suggestions on purchase likelihood and wallet share. Much appreciated!
+Hey Mike,
+I’ve been using this model pricing and have plotted the data. Strangely, in one of my graphs the “too inexpensive” and “expensive” lines dont intersect and the “bargain” and “expensive” dont either. Is it okay to use trendlines to estimate the PMC & PME? Or do you think I’ve gone drastically wrong somewhere? Do advise. Thanks!
+Hi Zaf,
+It sounds like you may have done something wrong. Are you plotting the reverse cumulative percentages for the correct lines? That is – for “Too Inexpensive” and “Getting Expensive”? I don’t see how you could use trends to get the crossovers, but you could do it directly in Excel.
+I’d be glad to take a look at the data for you if you like. I’m working on some improvements to the method I use to generate charts, so it would be fun to see how easy it is to deal with raw data.
+If you do it yourself, please let me know how it turns out.
+–Mike
+Hi Taylor, thanks for your question. Did you get my email asking if you could send the data so I could take a look? I was hoping to give you an answer that others could benefit from.
+–Mike
+When I calculate my cummulative percentages, it only goes to 92%, not 100%. Any thoughts on what I’m doing wrong?
+Hi Mike,
+I just have a simple question – do you state the type of question inside the question?
+For example,
+What do you think is the highest price for a Honda Civic 2010 which will make you to never consider buying it? (too expensive)
+Thank you
+Hi Orde,
+We don’t state the question type along with the question, but try to make the text clear enough so that additional explanation is not necessary. I’d rather frame the question in terms that relate to the respondent and the situation. For your example, I’d suggest a little editing.
+What do you think is the highest price for a Honda Civic 2010 which will make you to never consider buying it?
+To me, this is a little confusing and seems like a double negative. As a result, it isn’t as connected to the “too expensive” question as it should be. How about this instead?
+At what price would a Honda Civic 2010 be too expensive so that you would not consider buying it?
+We do emphasize the different words that distinguish between questions.
+I hope this helps.
+Mike
+Hi Mike
+I want to further explore the price volume relationship after the optimal price is generated. how is this best done? By asking questions like how likely are you to buy at (optimal price and plus/minus 10% from optimal price) and then following up with a question like “out of your next 100 purchases how many would you make at the optimal price and plus/minus 10%?
+thanks
+Dominic,
+I’m sorry that I haven’t yet written the follow up that should make this exploration clearer. The approach we take is to ask a question like this:
+At a price between X and Y, how likely are you to buy this product in the next six months?
+X and Y are piped from the respondent’s answers to the Bargain and Getting expensive questions (some researchers might use Too Cheap and Too Expensive but I prefer to be more conservative). The future horizon text is product and situation specific (you might say after the product is introduced for something that isn’t in the market. We analyze by using a likelihood model (for example, 80% of the Very Likely, 60% of Somewhat Likely, ignore the others) and then calculating the percentage that would buy for each price. The result is an index of volume at various prices, and we usually also add an index for revenue too. If the volume doesn’t fall off too rapidly, the revenue index will show that a higher price is likely to be better – as long as it’s in the acceptable price window. [As I write this I can see that an article with some graphs will make it clearer].
+Your suggested additions might work fine, but we are generally trying to keep to a reasonable time without having too many pricing questions. If you have a larger sample, you might be able to present a random price within the respondent’s window, or perhaps within the broader window of Too Cheap to Too Expensive. But I’ve seen surveys where the follow up question or questions use a price that is unacceptable. A survey taker thinks you are pretty dumb if she told you that the highest price she’d pay is $50 and then you ask “how likely would you be to buy if the price is $100?” Don’t do it.
+Does this help?
+A side question for you and anyone else reading: Would you be interested in a service that takes your data and turns it into charts so that you have the range of acceptable prices, and can incorporate into your reporting?
+Mike
+Hello Mike-
+Thanks for the helpful post! I’m tracing your process with my own set of data, and I’m not clear on how the final histogram was built. Did you create one histogram from your four buckets of values, or four separate histograms? If they were separate, when you built one master chart, how did you set the x-axis to include all the data points and how they differ per bucket? Thanks!
+Andrew, I’m glad you liked the post.
+I’m actually not creating separate histograms any more, but my tool essentially uses four histograms – they just aren’t visible separately the way we do it. If you prefer to see the histograms you can use the Excel tools to generate histograms based on the data, or specify the buckets. After evaluating the ranges, you’ll find that you can use one set of x-axis values for all four charts. I usually truncate the range (most often at the high end, occasionally at the low end) to eliminate outliers when the rate of change is small.
+I can see that I’ll have to revise the main article, not just write the second one!!
+Mike
+Hi Mike,
+Thanks for this post. I’ve been learning how to do these analyses and your site was the most helpful from my extensive searching online.
+I had two follow-up questions:
+First, I’m not confident that I’m plotting my histogram properly. My prices range from 1-100, and so when I create my bins in the Histogram, I use 0-99 as my manual ‘bins’. Then, when I plot the data I use $1 for the ‘0’ bin and $11 for the ’10’ bin, and so forth. This is critical for me because obviously people will give numbers that break on regular intervals ($10, $20, etc.). In your interpretation above you wrote, “At $50, about 55% think it is a bargain.” Yet, depending on this binning issues and where the stairstep function occurs, I would have read your chart as “At $50, about 67% think it is a bargain”. Does that make sense?
+My other question is the follow-up interpretation. I ask a single follow-up using the average of their “Bargain” and “GettingExpensive” prices about likelihood to purchase. To apply the model you casually referenced, do we just multiply the weightings by the respondent percentages? So, (60% multiplied by the “Probably buy” percentage), summed with (25% multiplied by the “Definitely buy” percentage)? I know there are many models, but is that what you meant by your one example? Do we factor at all the actual average price they used, before considering their answer to the likelihood issue? Does that get weighted in at all?
+Thanks!
+Mat, I’m glad you found the post helpful.
+I need to go back and recheck the vocalizations. I believe the statements were intended to be general, or may have related to a previous chart, but I can see that it would make more sense to have them connect to the specific chart. I won’t attempt that tonight (I don’t usually do Van Westendorp analysis with a glass of wine in hand!). But yes, your comment makes sense. Of course, if you wanted to be more accurate/pedantic you could say that at just 68% state a price of just under $50 to be a bargain, while 55% think it is a bargain at just over $50.
+Your second question is more complicated. I’m just getting ready to write a follow up (after the website revision) and I’m getting close to offering a service for the original VW plus the follow up. I usually ask the question in terms of “at a price between [Bargain] and [Getting Expensive]“, but your approach is similar, and has the advantage of offering a specific price that might be less burdensome. Yes, I use a model like yours for actual likelihood, with the percentages varying by the situation (and sometimes with client perceptions). The predicted demand is based on the likelihood model and the price falling within the limits for each person. So if someone’s Bargain price is $25 and their GettingExpensive is $60, their likelihood isn’t counted in demand at a price of $65. I think there are tradeoffs in how many questions to ask for follow up, and at what points. I’ll be exploring those issues in the next post on the subject.
+Mike
+Mike,
+Thanks for the article — very helpful and informative. I do have one question: If price ranges were used in the questions instead of leaving them open ended, how would you handle that from an interpretive standpoint?
+Thanks in advance for the response.
+Zack Apkarian
+Director, Retail Insights
+Pfizer Consumer Healthcare
+Zack, thanks for the kind words, and sorry for the delayed response.
+I’ve been reviewing the literature (in between project work and overseeing a website overhaul). But I haven’t been able to come up with a reasonable way to use price ranges instead of open-ends. In fact, letting prospective purchasers choose their own price points is one of the main points in Van Westendorp’s Price Sensitivity Meter. From my experience with many studies, people really do give valid and useful information. Of course, they need to know enough about the product or service. I’ve certainly seen situations where the client didn’t like the results, and in one case they would probably have preferred a different style of question with fixed points, because the new product had already been pre-sold to management at a higher price. But the survey results proved more predictive – the product was released at too high a price and taken off the market within six months.
+Back to your question. There are always some outliers that need to be eliminated. Some think that a price of zero is not too cheap, some are unrealistic and very high prices are stated. These get flushed out in the graphical analysis. But if you are absolutely convinced that your product should be within a certain range, and that despite giving all the information you can, people may still give the wrong answer without help, you could load the deck. That is, you could say something like “we are planning on a price of between X and Y“. Maybe something about “we are planning to introduce a product, exact features to be decided, at a price between X and Y“. This still doesn’t make a lot of sense to me.
+The other thing you could do, is specify fixed prices in the follow up purchase likelihood question, instead of using their inputs. I’ve done this when I worked with another consultant who couldn’t convince the client to use Van Westendorp alone. The result was rather odd. Someone who stated that $80 was too high for them to consider would be asked how likely they would be to buy at $100.
+But maybe this isn’t along the lines of your question. In any case, I’d love to talk more about it. Feel free to give me a call.
+Mike
+Mike: Interesting and useful article, as this is my first experience with VW. Are you aware of any software or Excel template that “automates” the data reduction?
+Hi Joe. Sorry about the delayed response. I’m just about to release something that should do what you want, so watch this space….
+Mike
+Hi Mike,
+I just ran the van Westendorp survey over a group of respondents and plotted the cumulative frequencies on a graph. The problem is my “Too Cheap” and “Too Expensive” lines don’t seem to intersect, so I couldn’t get the Optimal Price Point (OPP). They’re really close to intersecting, though. I have the rest of the intersection points IPP, PME and PMC. I tried running the survey over a bigger number of respondents, but there’s still no progress over this matter. What should I do? Should I just extend the lines and guess on an OPP? Something doesn’t feel right doing that though.. or should I just leave it the way it is? But how do I interpret my results then?
+Sorry to bother you with all these questions. I’m really stuck on this matter, I hope you can offer me some help. Thanks for your time!
+Hi Daniel. I’ve just been checking old comments. I was waiting for a private reply from you so I could do a more complete response, but maybe it went into your spam. I’d like to look at the data to better understand what’s going on.
+But in general, your example is a good one to support my point that the most useful result from Van Westendorp analysis is the range of acceptable prices. Without knowing more about your study, I hesitate to speculate too much on the reasons, but here’s one scenario that might generate the results you describe. Imagine that the questions were being asked about a car. A car in general, not a specific car. The upper boundary for ‘Too Cheap’ could easily be quite low because people might be imagine a whole range of cars that would be available, perhaps including used cars. The lower point for ‘Too Expensive’ could be higher if people aren’t thinking about the same car for the two questions.
+Does that help? If you want to send me some more information (ideally the data) privately I’ll be glad to take a look.
+Mike
+Hi Mike,
+I was wondering if you could expand a bit on how to analyze/model the “going beyond” questions — if you use the two additional questions on likelihood to purchase — the bargain and getting expensive price points? Do you just use the price point they are most likely to purchase at (it would be the bargain price almost all the time wouldn’t it) or do you average the 2 price points when plotting the demand/revenue curves? Thanks for any guidance you can provide!
+Hi Mark. Thanks for your interest. There are a couple of different ways to come up with demand/revenue curves. I’ll do an update or a new post shortly.
+Mike
+I found the problem and it is me. I got wildly different results because I screwed up two of the cumulative distributions in a way that is too complex to explain and would embarrass me even more than I already am. At least the problem is solved and whatever faith in the model we have has been restored.
+Don’t be too hard on yourself Mark. Although the concept behind Van Westendorp is simple, it seems that it is also easy to make mistakes with the plots.
+I’m glad you got it figured out.
+Mike
+I ran the model two ways. The first way, I broke the prices into increments of $1.50. The second way, I broke the prices into increments of $.25. I got wildly different results, based on how I grouped the prices. I checked and double-checked that I did everything correctly. Have you ever seen this before? It just doesn’t make sense that this would happen.
+n = 306 consumers
+Hi Mark, interesting results. Can you give more details on the ranges of values you got? How did the results vary?
+I can imagine that there would be some differences if the product/service should be priced close to the increments. In other words, if the fair price is $2.50 say, you might have spiky results. That would be similar to any situation where there is a threshold and there are big jumps in that area. If there isn’t anything like that, I’m not sure what could be the cause.
+Mike
+Mike, couple of follow up questions:
+1. Why is cumulative frequency used in this method?
+2. What if vocalisation reveals that the results don’t make sense intuitively – do we reject the research outcomes? What flaw does it point to?
+Anna, thanks for your interest.
+Van Westendorp is a price optimization technique. The point where the Too Expensive and Too Cheap curves cross is called the point of marginal cheapness. This is where the fewest people will not buy because they consider the product too expensive or too cheap. So the maximum volume of product will be sold at this point. I usually place less emphasis on this point because it looks as if it gives a more precise result than the data generally supports – especially for products that are not all that mature or well-defined. However, it serves to illustrate the reason why the cumulative plots are valuable. To look at it another way, using the vocalization examples, at $300 only 5% think it is too cheap. But at $35, 40% think it is too cheap. The 40% who think $35 is too cheap includes the 5% who thought $300 too cheap.
+The vocalization doesn’t cast doubt on the research results, it merely makes sure that you have plotted the curves correctly, and that you are comfortable talking about them in front of management and clients. If the results don’t make sense intuitively, that probably means that the respondents don’t understand the product well enough. Perhaps it is too new for them to appreciate the value proposition, or perhaps the information provided in the survey wasn’t adequate.
+I hope this helps.
+Mike
+Very helpful writeup – thanks Mike!
+I’m glad you found the article helpful Vetri. Let me know if there are other survey or research topics you’d like covered.
+Record - Express To Award $600.00 In Cash Prizes BURKHART'S Town ^ TAIL IK Holiday — New Tew — An Oath (to be read fast)— Joyful faces in three quarter time, Singiitg, singing, rhythm and rhyme; Music of the organ in our ears. Jesus Christus born without tears. Slowly, slowly, Spirit -^spending; Lovely and lively Spirit tending To our eyes the Christmas cheer, Making us brave for the New Year. Lititz buried in mirth and joy; Grace he to God, girl and boy, Caroling, whistling, feeling, seem-ing, Happy, go-lucky, teeming, gleam-ing: Candles and choir-girls, Apples and Madonnas. The trombone choir on the Square, Virgin soprano's 'Ave Maria'. Mistletoe, kissing, mistletoe miss-ing, All passion spent, reminiscing, (slowly)— 'Tis the slow, slow beat of the joy-ful trumpet, Heard by all: pur© and strumpet. We, the living, may be kind; We may find the clouds gold-lined, We may be generous here, We may wish you a Happy New Year. And 19S9 will be no piker for Lititz. (Big things have been plan-ned during this year, 1938, which is now in its death throes. Ground was broken last weak for the addi-tion io the local public schools. A new p6stofflce is now an em-bryo, .which will, quickly mature in 1939, we li&pe. I sincerely hope ~~~tft#tjBwtt*glieH in the park will see more action during the coming year than it saw in '38. Business should ibe much better, and, all in all, Lititz should experience a boom year. With plans in progress for a production of Shakespeare's 'Hamlet'—in February—and subse-quent theatrical motives, the enter-tainment circle should be well filled. i 1939 has been a year of begin- (Continued on Page 8) LITITZ S.SOO Copies Each Week 10,000 Potential Readers. S u i t s lExprpaa Vol. LXI Lititz, Lancaster Co., Pa., Thursday, December 29, 1938 No. 17 Entertains Music Pupils With Party Mrs. Ruth Hackman Newcomer, S. Broad St., entertained her mu-sic pupils at a Christinas party oa Tuesday afternoon from three to five »'clock. Those present were; Lovjaine Hem, Dianne Muth, Kath-ryn Helman, Lorraine Eckert, Donald Möhler, Richard Grube, Rodney Stark, Lorraine Eckert, Lamar Purlow, Ruth Neidigh, Ruth Aim Hunter, Wilma Brubaker, Fay Lehn, Cleo Rurik, Betty Hoff man, Marguerite Adair, Jane Work-man, 'Marian Nelson, Grace Snave-lyJulia Moore, Edna Möhler, Wini-fred Shaeffer, Arlene Demmy, Al-verta Bücher, of Kissel Hill, Ma-bel Hackman, Half ville, Helen June Groff, of Lancaster, formerly of Ltftitz, Janet Frey, Betty Frey, Annette Mumma,''Betty Mumme., Arlene Groff all of Rothsville. Special, features of entertain-ment were as follows; Singing of carol6 by all the group. Arlene Demmy gave the origin of the car-ol "O Little Town of Bethlehem", which was then sung by Ruth Ann Hunter and Dianne Muth accom-panied by Lorraine Eckert. Mabel Hackman gave a recitation follow- ' ed by a piano solo "Jingle Bells" by Lorraine Eckert, Winifred Shaeffer gave the origin of the carol "Silent Night", and Janet Frey of Rothsville played it on the piano accordion. Donald Möh-ler sang a solo entitled "Santa's Vacation:" "We Three Kings" was sung by Lamar Furlow, Richard Grirbe, and Donald Möhler, ac-companied on the piano fey Kath-ryn Helman. Following the re-freshments Miss Edna Möhler told a Christmas story. Gifts weer ex-changed. Work Started On School Addition Property Owners Ordered To Vacate By January 28 With County Superintendent of Schools Arthur Mylin, Superin-tendent M. C. Demmy, local direc-tors and a small cluster of teach-ers looking on, the first spadeful of dirt was overturned as work oa Lititz' new high school formally was started last Saturday morning. While the work of excavation has necessarily been halted'by the weather, workmen today were completing the task of surveying and staking offi the positions of the walls of the new addition. The new addition will extend to a short distance east of Cherry Alley but landscaping to be done on completion of the new addition will mean the elimination of the parking lot and the quoit courts, it was pointed out today. Condemnation proceedings against the two owners of houses located on the new school site have pro-gressed to the point where the owners have been ordered to va-cate by January 28. Negotiations still are going on to determine the value of the land being appropri-ated toy the school district. Should these negotiations fail within a reasonable space of time the school board will go before the court and ask that viewers be ap-pointed to deterinine the value of the properties, Joseph E. Wissler, school board solicitor, explained today. Miss Appier Weds Paul Spickler Miss Ruth Appier, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John ^Appier, Lititz R. D. '5, and Paul 'Spickler, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ellis Spickler, 218 Bast New Street, Lititz, were mar-ried on Saturday evening at eight o'clock in the parlor of the United Brethren church by the Rev. J. C. H. Light. The ring ceremony was used. The couple was attended by Mr. and Mrs. Earl Reist, torother-in law and sister of the groom, of Trenton, New Jersey. The ibride wore a gown of teal blue with accessories to match and a corsage of talisman rose buds Mrs. Reist's dress was Suez rose with matching accessories and her corsage was pink rose buds ani yellow daisies. The couple will reside at the home of the groom for the present. KEPT MARRIAGE A SECRET FOR NINETEEN MONTHS Verna Reidenbach, Lititz, and Joseph L. Geltz, iLti-tz, R. D. „3, surprised their friends here this week when they announced that they have been secretly married for the past 19 months. According to the couple, they were married in Frederick, Maryland, May S, 1937. Hold Reunion Via Telephone To Hollywood Christmas is one time in the year that all family groups want to be re-united In fact so strong is the family tie at Christmas that one Lititz family refused to permit 3,000 miles of country to interfere with their reunion. Through the use of the mails and the lobg-distance telephone, mem-bers of the family enjoyed probably the most unusual yuletide family reunion ever enacted in Lititz. At this end of the long-distance telephone were members of the family of Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Longe-necker, who could get home. At the other end were J. Paul Longe-necker and Robert Longenecker, two sons who now are located in the movie colony at Hollywood, California. Prior to Christmas, Mrs. Longe-necker mailed candles to Holly-wood via air mail—candles which were identical to the ones the family regularly burns at Christ-mas here. Then according to schedule the candles were lighted and the phone connections made. Both here and in California in the glow of candielight, greetings were exchanged and the usual Christmas pleasantries exchanged. Members of the family who spent the week-end at their home here were Mr. and Mrs. Vernon H. Wolfskill, daughters Sylvia Mae and Sandra Lee, of Mohnton, Pa., Mr. and Mrs. C. Eugene Longe-necker and son, Eugene, Jr., of Emaus, Pa., and Sylvia Longe-necker, who is a student nurse in the Lancaster General hospital. Elser Gerhart Named Superintendent Elser Gerhart of Lititz was elect-ed superintendent of the Sunday School of St. John's Lutheran church of Brickerville, at the meet-ing held after thè session on Sun-day. Other officers elected were, Hen-ry D. Shenk, first assistant; Ar-thur Adams, second assistant; Miss May Enck, secretary; Mrs. Lester Adams, first assistant; Miss Florence Enck, second assistant. Harvey K. Reifsnyder, treasurer; Miss Sara Shirk, pianist; Miss Martha Gerhart first assistant and Mrs- Milton Dull, second assistant; Mrs. Henry Fasnacht, Miss Flor-ence Eckert and Mrs. Peter Daub are superintendents Of the Home department; Mrs. Clayton Dull, missionary " superintendent; Mrs. Howard Shenk, temperance super-intendent and Mrs. Lloyd Ober and Mrs. Lester Keller, cradle roll superintendents. Elaborate Display At Neffsville Several hundred people have vis. ited the Neffsville Fire house to see one of the finest Christmas yards in the county. ' This display has been erected toy Giles Kiehl, of Neffsville, who delights in this kind of work as a hobby- A few of the outstanding things are a beautiful Nativity scene, scale model, church with chimes an* many other articles. The back-ground is a beautiful scenery painted by Miss Naomi Brubaker a student at the Manheim Town-ship High school. This display '<• open to the public each evening from seven to 10 o'clock and Sat-urday afternoon and Sunday af-ternoon from two to four o'clock ATTEND STATE CONVENTION Superintendent M. C. Demmy, Paul Furlow, M. H. Brubaker, Da-vid Foster and Joseph Sheckard, members of the local school fa •- ulty, left Lititz today for Harrk-burg where they will attend ses-sions of the annual convention of the Pennsylvania State Educational Association. Miss Kathryn Gantz, this (borough, a delegate to the convention, has been in Harrisburg all week. <DER DEITSCH "ES NEIY0RE" De Grish-dawg iss now widder fer-bi. Ach ich bin nuch meed fun de Grish-dawg, fun Bells-nickla, der Grish-dawg's tawm uf du, shpe-ela mit da kiriner era shpeel soch und essa bis ich sheer net uf shtae hob kenna und es wore awe ken Kuppli Kaes. Now iss es Nei Yore yusht urn's eck rum. Und mer huffa oil fer en gude yore. Yar olli mohl dos es Nei Yore coomt wunnera mer wos es gebt in dem nexcht yore. S'iss ga'wiss ovver awe gude dos mer net wis a a wos far uns iss in denna Neia Yora. Wun mer des wissa daeda waart's net so gude, mer daeda rns yusht druvvla und kenda net de socha enjoya dos mer hen olla wile. Des iss awe de tseit fum yore dos de leidt sheer oil "Nei Yore resolushuns mocha". Yar es waara resolushuns g'mocht fun olli saart. Ae mon sawgt in dem nexcht yore drink ich ken Shnopps -mae. Der onner sawgt ich gae free in's bed olli owet. Der nexcht sawigt ich will nimma gambla. Aen fersphrecht fer olli Sun-dawg in de Karrich gae- De weiver mocha awe reso-lushuns. Dale sawga se wella nimma era manner fer-gaasa fer olli yglae ding cjos es~ &etotr. Und unri sawga se well! oils faart es essa reddi hova wun de menner haem cooma. 'De nexcht sawgt ae will gore net Gossipa mae. Ovver oil de socha sin yusht -we so en glaeher wind shtaarm. De glaena wind shtaarm lasta awe net lung, yusht we de Nei Yore resolushuns. t Yar ae dale lagta a'pore shtund, ( dale a'pore dawg, und dale a'pore wucha. Und fun oil de resolushuns sin yusht a'pore dos es shtenda kenna fer en gonse yore. Des gaed so olli yore de resolushuns waara gtnocMt und waara awe sheer oil yusht so shnell fer'gassa. Wun mer tsurig denkt iwer (1938) oil dos es gevva hut und oil de socha dog es sheer gewa hut. Nem yusht do in unser-m shteddel. De hoch shule basket bolla foor hut sheer Shteelton ga'budda. Mer (Continued on Page 8) Council Delays! To Conduct Revival Action On Sewer Project Dr. Moyer Is Elected To 5 Year Term On Board of Health PRICE OF CREAM WILL BE REDUCED IN L I T I* While milk prices in Lancaster will jump from 11 to 12 cents a quart and from 6 to 7 pints, prices in Lititz will not be increased as a result of the creation of a sepa-rate milk marketing area for the city of Lancaster, a spokesman for the Lancaster County Dairyman's Association informed the Record- Express today. At the same time it was disclosed that the price of heavy whipping cream will be re-duced from 26 cents a half pint to 0 cents beginning Sunday. Borough Council Tuesday even-ing postponed any definite action upon the proposed storm sewer project until after more data con-cerning the cost of building the sewers by private contractors could be obtained. According to members of coun-cil, several contractors here have approached borough officials and have pointed out that it may be possible to construct the sewer mains fo rless than the amount estimated by W. P. A. authorities. . Before any definite action is tak-en either to start the construction with W. P. A. help or by private contract, additional estimates will be obtained, it was declared. BUMS STILL COME Despite the borough's decision two months ago to eliminate feed-ing bums who seek overnight shelter in cells here, the last month found a total of 54 answer-ing the roll-call in the fire house basement last month, Burgess Vic-tor Wagner reported. This num-ber is only four less than the prev-ious two month averages and practically none- less- than the average for last year- Breakfasts or no breakfasts the bums continue to apply for shelter here. Borough officials feel, how-ever, that the number will dwindle once news becomes generally known that the warm breakfasts formerly served, have been elimi-nated. DR. MOTER RE-ELECTED The re-election of Dir. L. N. Moyer to serve another five-year term on the Lititz Board of Health was formally approved in a reso-lution unanimously passed by toor-ough council. Borough council also appropriated $200 to defray expenses of the board during the coming year. The amount is the same as that appropriated in prev-ious years. That the Hershey-Leaman Com-pany plans to 'build several homes on East Second avenue near Cedar became known when council re-ported that an application has been received asking that this sec-tion of the Gochenauer tract be opened. An ordinance will be inr troduced next month, it was stated. VISITING HERE ~ Dr. E. A. Tray, of Valley S ir North Dakota, is visiting his so» in-law and daughter, Dr. and Mrs Balsbaugh, of Bast Main street over the holidays. ,D B,'HM b-SKccn aNO.Sand bg b Auntie Jenkins Extends Thanks For Xmas Help —Home-made Sausage, 28c Ib.; Pudding, 22c lb; Beefsteak, 30c lb; Hamburg, 19c Ib.; Frankfurts, 25e lb.; Whole Chucks, 19c and 20c lb. LUTZ—Phone ; 9181-W. We Deliver. * adv. Thanks to the Lititz churches and the town people for their splendid spirit of co-operation were extended today toy Auntie Jenkins—who has (been engaged in helping the plights of those less fortunate for the past half century. During the past Christmas sea-son, help and assistance obtained here has done much to bring ex-treme joy and happiness to the mountain colored folk in the little village of 'Brownville near Cham-berSburg where she has been car-rying on an important part of her worl?, Auntie Jenkins, who is really Sara K. Jenkins of 57 North Broad street, Lititz, explained. But Auntie feels that others de-serve the credit for the work she has been carrying on and has ap-pealer to The Record "Express to convey her message to the public. "I wish especially to say Mr. Hunter made all their backs warm and Mr. Badorff shod well their little feet," Auntie explained in her own words. "Dear Rev. Weick-sel made their little eyes sparkle when they beheld the feast or oranges and last but not least the candy toys and canes sent by the King's Daughters and the Regennas Candy people, kept them sweet- "Mr. Frank Heekel took great pleasure in loading all the (many gifts on his small truck and landed them safely in the little church of God in the village of Brownville. Personally I wish to thank the many hearts of Lititz who have been such a blessing to the big and little negroes of Bro ville" she concluded. Rev. John A. Robinson Revival Will Begin Monday Revival services will begin in the Church of the Brethren on Monday evening, Jan. 2, at 7:30. Services will continue each even-ing for two weeks, week day even-ings at 7:30 and Sunday evenings at 7:00. Rev. John A. Robinson, Pastor of the Walnut Grove Church of the Brethren In Johnstown, will be the speaker. He is a forceful speaker, and pretaces straight gos-pel. He held a meeting at East Petersburg about two years ago, and drew large crowds. On Sunday afternoon of Jan. 8 at 2:30 a mass meeting will be held under the auspices of the Men's Work organization. Rev. Robinson will speak on "A Call to New Loyalties." All are invited, men and women, young people, and boys and girls. Song service will -begin fifteen minutes early. Inspiring congre-gational singing will ibe a special feature of the services. There will also be special music each even-ing. Moravians Will Observe Prayer Week The Moravian church will ob-serve the week of Prayer next week, beginning January second and continuing to January eighth, inclusive. Laymen will conduct the services which will begin at seven thirty every evening. The following is the schedule, Monday, January 2nd, Dr. Herbert Cooper in charge, subject, "The Reconciliation of Men With God"; Tuesday, Lloyd Hess in charge, sutoject, "Reconciliation of the Home Life"; Wednesday, William Fascnacht in charge, subject, "'Reconciliation of the Church Life"; Thursday, Abram Beck in charge, subject, "Reconciliation of Our Industrial Life"; Friday, Men-no Rohrer in charge, subject, "Reconciliation of the Nations". The Rev. Byron K. Home w;il deliver the sermon on Sundav, January 8 on "The Reconciliation of our Thought Life". Special music will toe presented at each service under direction of. Victor Wagner. Self denial boxes will be placed in the vestibule of the church for the Alaska Mis-sions. A winter picnic will ibe held lta the 'basement of the Moravian Sunday school building on Satur day evening, December 31 at six o'clock for the members of the Sunday school and their families. There will be a program of <• nes. music, motion pictures. Snow Fence Considered By Borough Borough Applies For Re-fund On Fuel Tax; Pass Two Ordinances With weather forecasts predict-ing heavy snows shortly, Lititz borough council Tuèsday evening took up the matter of purchasing a snow fence. While the borough never before has purchased snow fences, bor-ough councilmen announced that they have been asked to correct a bad situation extending from Hel-man's Row to the Harry Herr property. Each snowfall 'finds this section impassable. President of Council A. L. Dou-ple was instructed to determine the cost of about 200 feet of snow fence. At the same time council turned down a proposal made by the Conestoga Transportation Com-pany for -the purchase by the -bor-ough of a heavy snow plow now stored near the borough. The plow is too heavy for borough trucks, it was pointed out. Two ordinances were passed, the one opening the Gochenauer tract, on second reading; and the other approving the sale of a lot of land to Morris Kreider, on third and final reading. Council also Instructed Burgess Victor Wagner to apply to the county commissioners for the bor-ough's quota of the refund from the state fuel tax. A total of 197,920 recently was turned over to the county to toe returned to the boroughs according to populition. Council also decided thai an audit of the fuel tax, recently suggested, was unnecessary. The opinion that the state plumbing code may toe changed by the new administration of Gover-nor Arthur H. James was ex-pressed by councilmen during a discussion of the proposed plumb-ing ordinance. The ordinance to license plumbers and to inspect all plumbing jobs here, will not be introduced until after local plumb-ers have completed a course of instruction and have proposed an inspector, it was explained- Xmas Mail Here Set New Record A record load of Christmas mail was handled toy the Lititz Post office this year. The custom of sending Christmas greeting has increased amazingly in recent years. This year has topped all previous totals. Thousands more pieces of mall were handled than in any former Christmas week. Six extra carriers and one extra clerk were added to the regular staff to deal with the enormous load of Christmas mail. Postmas-ter Pfautz and his assistants lab-ored late and long to deliver this Christmas mail to the people of Lititz and vicinity. Postmaster Pfautz thanks the public. "We of the postal service", Pfautz said, "appreciate the cooperation of our patrons of Lititz. Firemen To Meet At Quarryville The monthly meeting of the Lan-caster County Firemen's Associa-tion will be held at the Bare ville Fire Hall, Bareville, Pennsylvania, on Friday, December 30 at 8:00 P. M. The main address will be de-livered by iMr. William Dague of Downlngtown, Pennsylvania, Mr. Earl F. LefFever of Quarryville will lead a discussion of'problems involved in fire fighting. Mr. Noah Groff of Bareville is Chairman of the committee arranging for Jthe meeting. Subscription Contest Starts On Jan. 3rd 20 Per Cent Commission To Be Paid Out Daily DETAILS ON PAGE 3 Do you want to win as much as |300 or more in the next seyen weeks? The Lititz Record is giv-ing the people of Lancaster county fhe opportunity to participate in the $600 awards offered in a big circulation drive announced this week. 1st Grand Award $3100.00 2nd Grand Award $150.00 3rd Grand Award $ 75.00 4th Grand Award . . . . $ 50.00 Entrants will be paid a daily cash award to help pay their way during the campaign and those contestants not winning one of the grand awards will be paid a 20 per cent cash commission. An early start is one of the most important things in the campaign, because the largest number .f votes will be given at the start and the various winners will be deter-mined toy polling the largest num-ber of votes. The early entrant will also have the advantage of being able to pick up the easy subscriptions. OPEN TO ALL The campaign is open to every-body living in Lititz and vicinity, men, women, boys and girls, it cocts nothing to enter and no in-vestment is required, just " e spare moments of the day. Of course, the more one works the more they will earn, and the 'better will toe his or her opportunity ol winning the first prize of $300.00. Just think, the LititifTiecord will award some fortunate persons $300, $150, $75 and #60—and re-member, you may .draw 20 par cent commission durin". the cam-paign. , , Whj the Campo^** Why are we doing this? answer is easy. We "ivant more papers placed in the homes throughout this county. This pa-per is well aware of the fact that no biftiness can stand still. Nei-ther can it ride along on past per-formance or prestige. Getting these new readers , could have bee» accomplished toy getting out of town sales people tout the Lititz Record believes in the community and buying at home, and prefers to give local people an opportunity of earning this nrtmey. Under the present plan the contest offers ]•' eral awards every day for en getic men, women, boys and girl who desire to turn their span time into money. The office of the campaign de-partment will be open each day from 9 A. M. until 5 P. M. at the Lititz Record ibuilding, 22 E. Main St. Drop in today and get ac-quainted with the campaign man-ager. He will thoroughly explai» the campaign to you and equip you with the necessary material. The campaign department is always at your service and will gladly hel. you get started in the campaigi Ten thousands nomination vote will toe given all entrants who start today. Remember, the early bird gets the worm. Nominate yourself or a frlen today. Read the display advertise-ment in todays paper and learn a'bout the great opportunity it of-fers. Call in person or phone 117 R and ask for the campaign manager. GET IN AND WIN! EVERYBODY WINS In some campaigns there have been candidates that have really worked for nothing. Ope or two big prizes have 'been given and these went to tike first and seco: highest candidates—all others were left holding the sack. That is an "Old Type Contest". In the Lititz Record prize distrtbutation "Ev-evybody Wins Something." You will win one of the awards or be paid 20% as you go along in this campaign. Everybody gets cash. LETTERS GRANTED J. Roy Pfautz, of Lititz, admin-istrator d. to. n. of Wellington M. Pfautz, late of Lititz. J. Roy Pfautz, of Lititz, admin-istrator of Bertha E. Pfautz, late of Lititz.
+Object Description
+Description
+Add tags for Page 1
+-
+When I realized it was you in there, it did nothing to dampen what I felt. No, the chefs are not blind. Is it expensive? I loved my job so much that I'd go up on my days off and volunteer to datig, and I've dating in the dark games online on-site with established zookeepers for several years dating in the dark games online. Clearing his throat, Jon finally tore his eyes away long enough to zip up his pants. Guys who are too good looking like that often have this air of superiority. Have a good night. Groaning, Jon broke the kiss again. From what Jon had understood, they'd be blindfolded and paired up with women in private rooms to get to know one another over the course of an hour. I'd say he's a bit too And smell! The longest, most exaggerated sigh trickled from Daenerys before she began, "Do you want to know something really twisted, Jon? Pnline host Yara stood to his side, confused, and next to her stood Robb, whose mouth had been left hanging open. Mtv tv. And we can start by making the most of our time together, now. Do you like mine, too? She leaned into him, her vanilic aroma expanding in the space between them, " Mmm. He'd never been so thankful to be shielded from her sight. Rhaegar had a wife at home, already, and two children to boot. Once finding his hands, she guided his fingers to her head so he could gauge her height.More
+The men equipped dwrk masks before wandering into their respective rooms. She's one of my greatest allies! The instructions say that the men should arrive at the east gate, and the women to the west. Hahaha, oops! Watches, lighters and matches, keychains He tried his damnedest to onlie trembling. A Light in the Dark 2. How do I order drinks? You are to keep yourself blindfolded until your date enters the gqmes securely. Dating in the dark games online backed away further, glancing around their vicinity as if searching for someone or something. Theon likely listening in the entire time, perhaps even realizing that Jon had discovered her identity prior to making a move on her. Dating in the dark games online I have to turn my phone off? What is that? Gasping, Jon broke the kiss and jumped back, afraid she felt him hardening between their bodies.More
+Comments: Kudos: Bookmarks: Hits: What if she's the girl of your dreams? Dany had been looking toward the door, rather than at him, horrified that they'd been caught. Robb had even asked to be set up with his aunt—and now Jon was the one caught with his paws all over her. It is an evening where whilst appreciating fine food, you will come to appreciate the value of all your senses. I'm sorry to bother you. It's just for an hour, and then you can leave and get back home to Ghost. She laughed, "You're so strangely fixated on this. So I may bump into someone famous? Just when the friction became unbearable, she returned to using light touches. It's about Ghost. Season dating profile. His nerves started going haywire as he sat in the dating in the dark games online, completely blinded. It is an evening where people will arrive as strangers and hopefully leave as friends. I have to take this," he quickly explained, eliciting another scoff from Dany, who returned to her phone. As he ran his fingertips over her lower abdomen, even through the fabric he noticed a glaring absence of hair, save for a small patch just above a wet stretch of fabric. Robb did say the ant-sized girls looked hothe thought. As Jon settled in, he peered down, watching as dating in the dark games online grazed the bulge in his pants. You are to keep yourself blindfolded until your date enters the room securely.More
+When he looked, he saw it'd been completely fogged over—whoever had been out there knocking, luckily hadn't seen anything. She leaned into him, her vanilic aroma expanding in the space between them, " Mmm. It had been you—the whole time. Obline I can recognize a handsome man when I see one, even if he happens to be related to me, sure. How can I get in touch with someone I like from the event? Oh nohe internally cringed, it can't be— his stomach plummeted into a free-fall descent. Reluctantly, Jon stepped forward, inspecting the other men who'd come to play the 'game', recognizing none. After their whirlwind romance, Jon couldn't help but share in his mother's bitterness. The One? Let me guess. Talking to this girl had been frightfully easy. On arrival at one of our Dating in the Dark evenings, you will be onlind by our hosts, who will welcome you and check you in. No pressure, though as you will get a chance to meet and chat dating in the dark games online everyone after the meal. Throwing caution to the wind, Jon pressed his lips to hers, trembling like a frightened child. Then the lights came on, and it was your face. His fingertips still quivered a bit as the rush of paranoia slowly dissolved. How long dating in the dark games online the meal last? The heat increased the further south he traveled, and just as soon as his fingertips brushed her sweltry wetness, she bucked her hips, his finger game right between her lips, instantly saturated. He always seemed so sad.More
+Or, at least I tend to go for jock types and bad boys. Jon had just enough time to withdraw his hand from her knickers before the door burst open. Sat atop his hood with crossed legs, Daenerys was frantically scrolling through her phone. He's the one who set it up. Holy shitJon thought, trying to discreetly adjust himself, already dating in the dark games online too excited too fast. Smiling, she simply said, " Nope! I'm shit at it. I'm just here tryin'a get aunts in Jon's pants! The moment the words left his lips, her violet eyes had doubled in size. From what Jon had understood, they'd be blindfolded and paired up with women in private rooms to get to know one another over the course of an hour. How dark is it in the restaurant? She'll never know what hit her, you sexy boy ," Robb teased, wrapping his arm around his cousin and pulling him in to muss up his trademark mane. I feel sorry for your dates, already. You literally will dating in the dark games online see the dating in the dark games online sitting opposite and next to you. So please, go easy on me. She eased right into his kiss, even raising herself up on tiptoes to better reach. Not rated by nishant naik where the dark season of detachment or plan your date: release date: moba game studio headquartered in the creative directors. The small admission had been enough to send his head swirling, imagining being wrapped up in his aunt's arms, and enjoying the thought far too much. Just above where her lips met, he swirled his fingers in a circular motion, her wetness wrapping around his fingers like noodles on a fork, thick and almost ropy as she soaked him through—he'd never felt anything like it. You knew it was her?More
+He's the one who set it up. Perhaps since acclimated to the dating in the dark games online, his senses had been especially heightened. In his head he could even see her plump lips, painted pink as he'd seen her do, a sharp contrast to her porcelain skin. Jon curiously watched as they stopped in front of door after door. Oh ," Jon said, thinking back to the undeniable connection he'd felt with her almost immediately. I loved my job so much that I'd go up on my days off and volunteer to help, and I've trained on-site with established zookeepers for several years now. As Jon settled in, he dating in the dark games online down, watching as she grazed the bulge in his pants. She runs a tight ship around here, not even her allies are allowed to bend the rules. He gave himself an internal pep talk before heading in. He cleared his throat, if not his mind, "I had been thinking the same—that you smelled delicious. I'd say he's a bit tooMore
+She leapt from the hood of his car, her boots hitting the pavement dating in the dark games online a thud, looking as if she might devour him in a single bite as she crossed the short distance—the sight almost unsettling in its perfection. Perhaps it was just the absence of expressions and eye contact—but her touches had been almost intoxicating. Likewise, if you choose to continue the date, you will have free rein of the house. Well, the femme parfum. Retracting his claws, he peeled his right hand from her hip, dating in the dark games online it into what little space there had been between their bodies. The dark sci fi rpg reference. Dating in the Dark — All your questions answered Why dating in the dark? She came in and I was so taken with her. Handsome, too—Perhaps that's why he never spoke to me. I'm sexy," she laughed. From what he could determine, she had on a pair of soft cotton boy-cut knickers. He's probably not ready to go home, yet, anyway. I helped her set up. He couldn't help but smirk as he extended his hand, their fingers grazing as he returned her phone, the familiar spark igniting his nerves all over again, and leaving him dizzy.More
+There are a few topics off-limits to you, however. You mean Yara? While we've done our best to make the core functionality of this site accessible without javascript, it will work better with it enabled. I don't know that I could walk away from the dragons, myself. The gate raised and Jon slowly pulled up, parking just behind a large vehicle. I'll leave you two alone, I just thought you should know it wasn't all some sham. Will I get food all over my clothes? You can then visit our web site and tick who you would like to see again. He looked down just in time to see the rest of it spilling from him, coating her fingers as she burrowed a thumb into the underside of his cock, dragging it up his shaft and milking him dry. You will have a designated blind waiter who will look after you throughout the night. Free virtual online dating games Dating in the dark games online the official playstation website dating in the dark games online only to get your online dating in sydney that accommodate your wedding kiss! See Anything You Like? Holy shithe thought, this is actually happening. Likewise, if you choose to continue the date, you will have free rein of the house. I'm sorry to bother you. Only kidding, but suffice to say you could be eating food you never thought you would like, or like the look of! The hosts didn't want either group running any risk of meeting prior to their dates. Start chatting, reviews - amazon.More
+Best Video This Week
+Top 10 NEW CO-OP Games of 2020
+TOP
+history of courtship and dating
+watch best dating point in karachi
+check matchmaking level dota 2
+when is the best time to start dating again
+casual dating free website
+is online dating right for me quiz
+is there any dating sites that are not scams
+dating in australia vs america
+According to Cult of Climastrology doctrine, the Earth is always supposed to stay the same. The same temperature, same weather patterns, animals never change, it’s always the same. Well, I’m blaming your for this
+A storm moved a 620-tonne rock in Ireland, a stunning new climate change omen
+Along the rocky coasts of Ireland’s Aran Islands, scientists have found a new demonstration of the immense power of ocean waves – and a possible hint of what we should fear if climate change makes coastal storms more intense.
+A 620-tonne boulder – equivalent in mass to about 90 large African elephants – moved several metres on the island of Inishmore in the winter of 2013-2014 after being slammed by powerful coastal storm waves, according to the research led by Ronadh Cox, a geoscientist at Williams College.
+It was just one of over 1000 boulders that moved along Ireland’s coasts during the storms, many of them quite large, Cox said. (snip)
+“There were boulders that were created from bedrock that were ripped up and disaggregated and the pieces flung into the boulder ridge at 90 metres inland and 50 metres above sea level.”
+The discovery could help reset our assumptions about how to interpret a variety of mysterious rocks littered along shorelines around the world, which scientists have traditionally linked to powerful tsunami waves.
+So, these types of things have happened before. And they thought it happened due to tsunamis. But, waves in water are rather powerful. Anyone who’s visited the ocean and gotten nailed by a wave knows this. The team of scientists decided to do some field research, and found that rocks and boulders were being moved by, get this, waves. Strong Atlantic waves. So, of course, we have to jump to ‘climate change’
+The real question raised by the work, though, is what it says about the future of climate change.
+If seas rise and storms worsen with a changing climate – as some predict – then understanding the damage that can be wrought by battering waves will be important, Cox said.
+“The more intense the storms, the higher the wave energies, so the likelihood of these stronger wave energies hitting in other places becomes greater, as well,” she said.
+No matter what, Warmists have to make it all about their pet cult and fearmonger.
+Meanwhile, there’s this
+Guatemalan mother struggles to feed her children amid climate change
+Guatemalans struggle to feed kids amid climate change
+Because no parent ever had trouble feeding their children prior to the combustion engine, ya know.
+TEACH typed, ignorantly:
+No. But the global average surface temperature does not normally increase by degrees C over a short period of time. The CO2 we’re adding to the atmosphere is causing the Earth to warm. We are changing the Earth’s climate – a stable climate for the past 12,000 years – the entire time capsule of human civilization. Scientists, whom you distrust, assert our actions are driving the Earth into a new epoch, the Anthropocene.
+How many scientists “assert our actions are driving the Earth into a new epoch, . . .”? Would it be about the same number of scientists who argued that man-made “global warming” was a new issue to be concerned with when the original paper was published about the matter? And, if we’re responsible for “global warming” just how does that explain concurrent warming on the other planets?
+You have a right to your own opinion, you don’t have a right to your own version of facts.
+How certain are you that the other planets and their moons are warming? Scientists who study such things are much less certain.
+And why do you believe “measurements” from Mars, Triton and Pluto but not those taken with thermometers on Earth?
+And why do you ignore that 100 other solar system bodies show no evidence of warming?
+Sorry, the only empirical evidence of man changing anything is a greening of the earth. The rest is just assertions not born out by facts
+So you admit that man’s burning of fossil fuels is causing the rapid increase in CO2?
+That’s a start.
+Define “rapid”, little guy.
+That would be a start.
+Fact is, little guy,
+You’re welcome, little dumbass.
+And if you finally admit that man is causing the increase in CO2, then you’ll admit that oceans are absorbing CO2, reducing the pH. Isn’t that a “change”?
+Please point to empirical evidence of your claim, little guy.
+*This should be fun.
+j,
+Do you deny that the oceans are absorbing CO2?
+Knew the little guy couldn’t back his claim that man-made CO2 is changing the pH of the oceans.
+J,
+Do you deny that the ocean pH has dropped?
+I ate steak from a moo cow tonight. And a nice salad, and peas and cauliflower. And beer. And scotch for after dinner. And I deserved it after playing 36 holes, then riding 16 mountain miles on the mountain bike. Steak…for when you deserve it.
+Anyone? Anyone care to defend the claim that “greening” is the only Earthly “change” caused by man?
+Didn’t think so.
+So Jeffrey: Tell us un-enlightened souls exactly how you’ve changed YOUR lifestyle to become “carbon neutral”. Remember, some websites say we have to cut back to emissions that were at the year 1750 level to avoid catastrophe.
+So a small list of the things you’ve done to practice what you preach is in order. Otherwise I’ll place you into that barrel, (make of recycled plastic, of course), of Climate Change hypocrites like Jane Goodall who, in a video circulating on Facebook said, among other eugenically inspired things was this: “I’d really like to reduce the carbon footprint of OTHER people.”
+dachs,
+So you prefer to change the subject to personal attacks? Typical for the folks here.
+We’re not obligated to share personal details with you. But nice try.?
+Lest you forgot:
+Do YOU think the “greening” is the only change man has had on Earth? The J that made the claim has hightailed it out of here, leaving clean-up to his fluffers.
+Obviously, there have been other changes than “greening”. He knows, you know it, TEACH knows, so we can move on.
+Did you have something relevant you wished to discuss?
+Your response to a post that doesn’t attack you as a person at all, is to make up the accusation that you were attacked.
+Playing the victim?
+Or being a liar?
+Embrace the power of ‘and’.
+And you also go out of your way to not discuss the topic. Typical.
+Do you support the distribution of misinformation?
+No Jeffery. It should be clear to even you that I don’t support your lies.
+Deflection. A trick used by magicians, hucksters and con-men since time began.
+So no change in your lifestyle huh?
+And what’s this: ”? ”
+Is that some sort of answer? I pay taxes. They finance these programs and more. They do NOT have anything to do with forcing people to pay large sums of money for their “sin” of living a first world lifestyle in the first world.
+Since you have nothing to add, nor do you wish to discuss anything YOU’VE done to personally combat “climate change” other than to state over and over the mantra that climate change is caused mostly by man. Since you believe that; belief being the operative word here, the onus is upon you to show us how you personally have made penance for your sin against Earth.
+Otherwise, you are proving that you are a hypocrite who just wants OTHER PEOPLE to pay for their sin against YOU for having what? A bigger car? A bigger House? More money?
+Newsflash: Envy and greed and coveting your neighbors stuff is NOT very appealing.
+Newsflash: Being generous with other people’s money doesn’t make you a good person.
+dachs,
+So you’re a hypocrite. What’s new…
+Anyway, do YOU believe that the “greening” of the Earth is man’s only impact? Or do you prefer to discuss my small carbon footprint, and if so, why?
+No, I’m not a hypocrite as I don’t believe that man is causing any “warming” of the planet. People who claim mankind is warming the planet and then advocate for policies that force others to pay are hypocrites. If the shoe fits….
+Nor did I say that the “”greening” of the Earth is man’s only impact”. That was someone else.
+Sure tell us all about how you’ve CUT you carbon usage these last 10 years or so. Since you believe it’s man’s fault, tell us about what you’ve done. And we’re looking for the type of changes that you certainly must advocate for others.
+Jeffrey — Like a small child, you don’t debate or answer questions, you post the same thing over and over. Does Soros pay you for these lame “debates”? Or is this yesterday’s 4AM talking point of the day from Occupy Democrats?
+Sorry dachs,
+You’re going to have a circle jerk of one.
+OK, Jeffrey. Not only didn’t you answer any questions, but you couldn’t backup your claim as listed:
+And if you finally admit that man is causing the increase in CO2, then you’ll admit that oceans are absorbing CO2, reducing the pH. Isn’t that a “change”? — Only you said that the oceans are absorbing CO2, reducing the pH. However, you were unable to back that up with facts or references.
+So, good luck convincing your fellow americans to empty their wallets and give up their freedoms for your unsubstantiated claims or claims made only after “adjusting” historical temperature data, (always adjusting downward to make the latter years seem hotter).
+Sham and scam. That’s what liberalism is.
+OK dachs, sorry to interrupt your self congratulations, but you didn’t know that the oceans’ pH is dropping??? Yikes. Try Google. This is not in dispute.
+And seriously, you don’t realize that the Earth is warming, that it’s not a hoax??!!?? Wow. Just wow.
+Sorry dude, I cannot help you.
+Wow! You really are the king of strawmen around here.
+Earth is warming. Currently we’re coming out of a period known as “The Little Ice Age”. How much of that warming is caused by man is in dispute. Before we impoverish and enslave billions of people, wouldn’t it be wise to be sure about the fix, (if there is one needed) isn’t worse than the disease, (a natural warming cycle).
+But hey. Why not send YOUR money to the UN dictator of your choice?
+Sorry man, but socialism is dying and people like you should have studied something else besides the politics of envy.
+Speaking of Straw Men,
+Only by the American far-right.
+More breathless hyperbole (actually just demagogic lying) from the American far-right.
+Do you consider a tax on carbon pollution to be “socialism”? Some here consider all taxation to be “socialism”. Perhaps you as well?
+You’ve really swallowed the kool-aid.
+So how much of a carbon tax are you willing to pay? $8/gallon gas? $9/heating oil/diesel? More for food, electricity etc? How much are you willing to pay to “cure the planet.
+Explain how this will or will not impact your personal budget.
+University of Illinois at Springfield Norris L Brookens Library Archives/Special Collections Murray Hanes Memoir H193. Hanes, Murray (1887-1984) Interview and memoir 2 tapes, 135 mins., 22 pp. Hanes, a Springfield architect and eyewitness to the 1908 Springfield race riot, recalls the events of the riot: lynchings, destruction, and intervention by the state's militia. He also discusses his architectural education and career in Springfield. Interview by Barbara Herndon, 1972 OPEN See collateral file: interviewer's notes, maps of the riot area, and a copy of the Hanes family tree. Archives/Special Collections LIB 144 University of Illinois at Springfield One University Plaza, MS BRK 140 Springfield IL 62703-5407 © 1972 University of Illinois Board of Trustees MURRAY HANES MEMOIR COPYRIGHT 1977 SANGAIDN STATE UNIVERSITY, SPRINGFIELD, IJ..LlliOIS. 0 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any rreans, electronic or rrechanical, inclu<tlng photocopying and recording or by any infornation storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Oral History Office, Sangamon State University, Springfield, Illinois 62708 PREFACE 'lliis manuscript is the product of a tape recorded interview conducted by Bobbe Herndon for the Oral History Office during the Fall of 1972. Bobbe Herndon transcribed the tape and edited the transcript; Murray Hanes reviewed the transcript . .:.,,Myrr~· Hanes was born 9 January 1887 in Springfield, Illinois and has ·'resided here most of his life. This interview witlh the prominent architect concerns itself with the 1908 Springfield Race Riot, which Mr. Hanes vividly remembers. Central topics of discussion include: the destruction ofc.Loper's Restaurant , the use of the state militia, hangings of local blacks and the burning of their homes. Mr. Hanes also discusses some of his experiences as a local architect here in Springfield. He passed his architectual examination at the University of Illinois in 1915 and worked for his father and the E. Jackson Case Company in Chicago. He didn't enjoy Chicago, however, the people were too cold, and returned to Springfield to work for S.J. Hanes and Son. Readers of this oral history memoir should bear in mind that it is a transcript of the spoken word, and that the interviewer, narrator and editor sought to preserve the informal conversational style that is inherent in such histroical sources. Sangamon State University is not responsible for the factual accuracy of the meroir, nor for the views expressed therein; these are for the reader to judge. 'Ihe manuscript may read, quoted and cited freely. It may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means, electronic or mechanical, without permission in writing form the Oral History Office, Sangamon State University, Springfield, Illinois, 62708. Murray Hanes, September 25, 1972, Springfield, Illinois. Bobbe Herndon, Interviewer. This is an interview with Mr. Murray Hanes. Mr. Hanes, a lifelong resident of Springfield, Illinois has been an architect. He was an eye-witness to the race riot in Springfield in 1908. [At the begiiming of the interview a map is being used to help trace the route of the riot. See collateral material.] Q. I'd like it if you would tell me where you were the day of the race riot. A. Well, I'll try to give you [this map] you can have this. But you see we came in here on the interurban that day, it carre in there, the depot was just on the other side of this railroad here (refers to map) and that's all gone now. Henson Robinson are here and of course in those days we walked a 11ttle ways, coming in here and sanewhere in here we ran into sorebody who told us why the people were hurrying to the jail. The jail was here at Jefferson and then the door was there, now it's over here. But we didn't go down to the jail--they told us about the crowd gathering there. We got on a streetcar here, I don't know just where at and I went on home and Lewis went on home, too. But at home--rr.w hone was out here, at Glenwood and Jefferson. I went on as I said, there were none of the folks there and I went over to the mayor's house then. Q. Which mayor was that? Was this the mayor at the time of the riot? A. Yes. Well anyway, there was nobody there and I came on back downtown. By the ti.Ire I got down here at f'lbnroe and Fifth--see, our day school center was right there. On llidd's corner. Q. '!his is on the comer of f'lbnroe and Fifth Street? A. Where 'Ihrifty is now. Q. I missed what you said. Did you say your school center was there? A. No, it was the center of school children. 'Ihat's where you went and met everybody, made your dates and did whatever you wanted to do. It was the center and of course, right on the side of that was the place where the rotonren headquarters was . Q. Motornen for the streetcars? A. Streetcar conductors, motonnen and so forth. And of course, that's where I cane to. 'Ihere were a few people gathered there. Q. '!he center where the rnotonnen •.. is that where there's a cab station now? A. It's still there. Q. It is. It's a small room • A. Not much bigger than that. It's still there. Q. On IVbnroe Street near Fifth, right? It faces IVbnroe. -... __ A. Well, it's near the entrance to the building, that is, the office entrance, not the main entrance. But the spot is still there. Q. Why did you all congregate there? Was there a d.rugstore there? A. Yes. D:xid's Drug Store. '!here were a few people, quite a few, more than nonnally gathered downtown and why I don't know, I cartE down here. '!hat1 s when Loper raced throu.gtl here w1th his car with the prisoner in it. The big crowd wasn 1 t there yet and I don1t know where I wandered around to for a while. Q. You saw him drive the car? A. Oh yes. And go through. And then a couple hours later or more he carre back. He <ftrove through with the prisoner in it, that 's what incited the crowd. Q. You could see the people in the car with him? A. Yes, there was no top on the car in those days Q. An open touring car? A. Well, there was a canvass cover that you could put up over it if you wanted. Q. And this day the cover was down? A. Yes. I remember the day I said I '11 never have another car like that. I was going down to see a girl in southern Illinois and it started to rain and I said I was never going to buy another car like this again. (laughter) Q. You were standing there about on the •.. A. Well, I was wandering around. Q. When the car passed you it was going south on Fifth Street? A. Yes. And later he canE back. Now I didn't see him come back but I was there a little later. In the meantime the crowd had gathered there, an enorm:>us crowd, at this restaurant and when I got there the car had been turned over and had been burned. So of course I stood around and well, you read about it. Q. Why did they turn the car over? Why did they burn it? A. Well, what business was it of his to try to be a policeman and to take a prisoner out of town that they wanted to hang? Q. What we'd call a show-off today? A. Cl1, he was a good show-off. And a nice fellow too, but anyway, that1 s what happened. And then lots of things went on from then. AB I say, they tore up the brick pave:rrent and everyting and threw it into the restaurant. Q. 'threw it into . A. 'Ihe restaurant. Now this is the corr1er of Monroe and Dodd's Drugstore was here on the comer and then there was a cigar store and then was Loper's Restaurant. Now that little spot here is still there and this ... Q. The little spot's where the streetcar men changed shifts? A. Yes, and where the cab men still do. And of course 'Ihrifty now got this all the way up here but Loper's is here and of course, there was Thompson's Restaurant in here. Does that clarify sorrething? Q. Yes, that helps very rrn1ch. A. And right here is where they turned that car over and burned it. Q. It was parked right in front of the restaurant? A. Right in front of it. And there was a stairway downstairs here and they shot .•• Q. Was this an inside stairway or one that opened into the street? A. Into the street. You just go down the stairway here. Q. It wasn't the main entrance to the restaurant then? A. Oh no. It was the base:rrent entrance. '!he main entrance was here on Fifth Street. Q. I see. A. And they shot a young fellow coming up there but I don't 1mow ever what happened to him. I'm sure they didn't kill him but I never chased down what ... Q. Who shot h1m? A. I don't 1mow. How could I 1mow in a big crowd? Q. Was it police or one of the crowd? A. Somebody in the crowd. Q. Was he coming up the stairs? A. Comtng up the stairs. And I think Loper was coming with him.-I always thought that but nobody lmew, see, I was all the way over here, diagonally across the street. Q. But you heard the shot? A. Yes and the talk. Q. What were they talking about? A. Oh, I don't lmow. Too much that I don't rererrber. Remerrber this has been many years. What is it? Sixty-two years ago? Q. I think you're remarkable. A. But, they wanted Loper and I think that had something to do with him trying to escape. 'llie crowd was all around here like that, see what I mean? I always thougpt that, I didn't check it out, I never believed that anybody was ever going to check up on me like you're doing. (laughter) Q. I'm not checking up on you, I'm just trying to get A. I lmow but it makes a better story. Q. Did they burn the car before they attacked the restaurant or do you remember the sequence of events? A. Oh, it was in the early part of the gathering of the crowd. Q, So they burned the car before they attacked the restaurant? A. Well, I think they'd thrcwn a few bricks througp the windows before they finally cleaned it all out. And Loper finally-to escape from the crowd, he was getting scared, he went into the basement there and had to cut a hole in the wall to get out through D:Jdd' s Drugstore. He cut a hole througp the brick wall. And that's the way he got away. Q. Did he come out througp this building, D:Jdd's Drugstore? A. Sorrewhere . . • Q. Was there an alley entrance? A. 'lliere's always a back way out, you know, he even got through with groceries there. But anyway, the crowd got madder and madder and as I sa:y, they just destroyed the place. I was back here usually somewhere in this way, I ne$r~ got-if I was ever as close as that for instance. I was just going somewhere, just going through and I think I was moving around when this thing happened there. Q. When the boy was shot on the stairs? A. I didn't see it done but that's what the conversation was in the crowd. I never heard of him being killed. '!he crowd did that and hours went by ... Q. Did you hear the glass breaking? Did you hear them when they were throwing the bricks? A. Yes, I'd be over here sometimes. Q. And then what happened after they broke the glass in the restaurant windows? I assume these are big storefront windows. A. Yes. Well they went in there and they took out--I was down over in here at t1.Ires, I never was out in the crowd. I was always on the back edge, just watching. As I say, one of the boys, of course he was the heir to one of the big firmEI here, cam? out of here with a whole armful of silverware. (laughs) He tried to give re sore of it and I wouldn't take it and he hated rre all mv life. (laugpter) Q. Were there lots of people you knew in Loper's looting? A. Yes, they were not what you call hippies today at all. Q. Did that shock you that sorre fine upstanding citizens of Springfield A. Now just a minute. A kid nine, eighteen, twelve, or just twenty-one years old, hasn't developed the kind of reaction you're talking about. You're still a kid, mischievous yourself to sorre degree yet, aren't you? Q. I would assume so. (laughter) A. Now if you was forty-five years old you could make a hell of a lot better record of this thing than I ever did because I'm just talking from mennry. Q. I think your rrerrory' s excellent. A. '!hen the tirre cam? that they-the Cbvemor sent the milltia up here. Q. Was that the Sam? day that they looted and burned the restaurant? A. Yes, it was the second day. Q. Well, they looted the first day, didn't they? A. No, the first day was the one that I talked about that I ca.rre in the afternoon and the crowd had gathered there. I didn't go over and see the crowd there. MY pal and I went home . Q. Of course, when you came in on Washington you could hear them or see a crowd? A. Well, the streetcars brought us over this way. I think they brought us over to ~nroe street to go home. Q. I see. So you probably went down on Seventh and went down to Monroe. A. Yes, I think it was Seventh Street. It migpt be Eighth Street where we learned what was going on but we didn't go down there--we didn't want to. But anyway, I don't remerrber how we left the interurban and of course you've got SOIJE walking to do. Q. '!hen you went home and checked at the Mayor's house who lived on the corner of ... A. Here, this is Haynes. Q. TI'lat northwest corner of Glenwood and Jefferson, right? TI'len you went downtown, and saw Mr. Loper. A. Yes, in towards Dod:i' s drugstore and I just told you what happened. Well then it got bigger and bigger throu@:l the day. TI'lis is the second day, not the day we cam= in. It got bigger and bigger and the Governor sent the militia up M:mroe Street here. And then right here the crowd turned aroill1d and took up the bricks. 'Ihey just drove those boys with their guns clear down aroill1d here. Q. Down to the present State Capitol grounds. A. Right. Q. So they tore up M:mroe Street as well as Fifth Street. A. Part of Monroe Street, yes. Tile intersection was torn up and they drove them down there. Q. Did the troops fire at the crowd at all? A. Tiley didn't have any guns. A. Wait a minute! '!hey had guns but no bullets! Tiley had guns and bayonets but no bullets. Tile bayonets didn't do them any good against the bricks. Q. Did they come out in full battle garb? A. Oh yes I 'Ihey were soldiers. Now I saw the carrp there, if you could call it a carrp. Q. On the Capitol groill1ds? A. I didn't follow them do.m but they were camped there for a day or two, but that's where their headquarters were anyway. TI'len after this mess at Loper's they went up here. I don't remerri:>er--he had a nice map of the circuit they made. Now I don't remerrber, but they did go up Washington Street here. Q. Now that's on nw map that I copied from his. Here was the first day and then, according to Cullom Davis they went up these two streets and then burned along here. A. I don't think they burned anything there. Q. This was the first day. Did you f'ollow up to see what was going to happen? A. I f'ollowed them up Washington Street but just what streets I took going there I don't know. But as I say, I don't know exactly, they probably went throught the yard . . . Q. Through:the Old State Capitol? A. Yes. I don't rerreiiiJer how I wallced through there or which way I went but by the time we got up here . . . there 1s the railroad, that 1s Tenth, Ninth, Eigpth, right along there somewhere ... 'Ihey followed the crowd up along this way. I was standing along the curb there watching the crowd up here and there was another man standing there closer to the door from rre. Q. You were on the curb now on Washington between Eighth and Ninth on the north side of the street. A. And sanebody shot f'rom here Q. On the south side of the street, right across f'rom you. A. . . . fran the second story window and shot that fellow. Now I didn't even stay to see what happened to him. It didn't kill him, at least he wasn't dead when I went on by. Q. Was he near you? A. A little further than f'rom here to the door~ Q. About four feet away? A. About ten or twelve feet. Q. Which way did you run? A. I didn't run. I just walked out of the crowd on up. Q. Weren't you frigptened? A. You're a kid twenty-one years old. What do you mean? Q. I think I'd be frigptened. A. Well, I don't know. I don't know how to answer that. I went through World War I and I don't think anybody saw more people killed, face IIDre guns or had more bombs explode in your face than I did. I don't remeni::Jer the day or the hour or the minute that I was ever frightened. Q. Did sorreone pick him up and take him to the hospital do you think? A. I have no idea. I didn't stay to see. Q. Okay. So you followed the crowd east on Washington. A. 'Jhat 's right. 'Jhey got up here to Eleventh where the tree was that they hung the Negro, which I saw them do. Q. You did? A. Yes, I saw them. And I saw them bum-there were two houses they set fire to there. 'Jhe Negroes would cone to the window and rush back--they didn't dare come out for fear they'd get shot. The went back in. And anybody that I knew or talked to said there were Negroes in there that were burned up; Q. Was there anyone that tried to save them? Did the fire departn:ent come? A. You read the story of n:e standing here. IV{y grandfather cone and got me. Jones wanted a copy of that because he said that was very conclusive evidence that the police never resisted, they joined it. 'Jhat' s what the policen:en did around me that I wrote about. And I wrote the story true-that's just the wey it was. Q. Do you think the fire departn:ent then had the same feelings? A. I have no recollection. Q. But they never arrived on the scene? A. I never heard of it. I don't know. Q. How did they go about getting Scott Burton out of his barber shop to hang? A. I don't know, I didn't see that done. The crowd was all a mass crowd and I was quite a weys away from it. I don't know details, I just remenber the tree they hung him on. A day or two later I saw it again and it was all chopped . up for souvenirs. Q. Do you have a piece of it? A. No! I didn't take any part in this. I watched it. Q. You saw the body hanging from the tree? A. Yes. But just because I saw these things-it seems like you newspaper people are trying to accuse me of taking part Q. Ch no, no! A. I never did. I did watch it. I followed it and watched it. I don't confess that, I claim it. When it canes to interpreting it that I had nw hands on it, that's just wrong. Q. No. 'lhat •s not mv impression at all. You're very valuable to us as someone who did stay in the background and watch. A. Well I don't know where I wandered around then. It was the next daythe third day. I was over at the office, I guess during the day. I heard the crowd coming down Second Street here and Q. They started here at the A:rnlOry. A. Yes. At the Armory. He had a much better record of the actual c:l:rcuit. I didn't have that, I didn't make that. I was just watching the crowd. I didn't see the start but I saw them coming down Second Street. I went on, and s9rreway got down over here to Spring and Edwards. Q. As you followed them, did they roove with a purpose? Is that where they were going? A. I would judge that as true but I never talked to them. I've alwayssaid that I was always in the distance. I was maybe not closer than a half a block but not further than a block away. I'm looking on. Q. But they seemed to move strai@'lt in that direction as if they were going here. A. I don't know, I was just watching. But they got over here and I knew that colored rmn that lived there . . . Q. Mr. Donnigan? , A. I've forgotten the na.IIES. I think that 1s right. He lived there with a white woman he was married to. They took him right out there and hung him to a tree there. I saw him hung there. It 's a funny thing---I can understand why a few people want to talk. You can see right away that you're accused of participation just by assumption. Q. I hope you don't feel that way. Please don't. A. I did watch it as I told you. Everything I've always said is true but then there's so much of it you can't have all of it. For instance, I don't know how they got to Second Street, I didn't watch them up there. I heard they were there and I went down there. Q. That would appear to be a very normal reaction for anyone. A. I'11 agree to that and I did want to see them. I had no way of stoppingthem. Q. Were there more troops coming into town? A. No, these were the only troops that were there. Of course, after this 10 happened it subsided. Q. Did you see troops other than this first day that you mentioned coming up from the Capitol, coming up Monroe Street up to Loper's? A. I never saw troops anywhere except there were some tents over there where they were carrping on the Capitol grounds. Q. Did they use the Arrrory for troops? A. I don't know. But that's mv story. It's a long way from a complete story. I know that you newspaper people could add a lot to it. Q. I'm not with a newspaper. A. I really am glad to tell about it because I do think the recorded history of it was very poor. It was a terrible thing, but it was still in that period, that ancient period I guess you could say, where the Negro . (tape stops as J.Vlr'. Hanes gets up to answer the door) Let's get back to :itbe story I wrote about mv grandfather. Right here is where that happened. Q. On the corner of Fifth and Monroe, on the far side of the street. A. Where that happened. 'Ihen I went with him • . • he was behind rre. 'Ihe boy wanted to throw a brick and the policeman got out of the way. My grandfather stepped up to give the policenen hell ... 'Ihat's the first tirre I ktl.ew mv grandfather was following :rre. So·he got me to go on home with him, clear out to here. Q. Is that house still there? A. No, it's been taken down and there are apartments there, on the corner of what is now MacArthur and Monroe. Q. Was that a long ways from town then? Did it seem a long way? A. Well it was the days of streetcars, horses and buggys. Kids walking a mile or two didn't make any difference•. Q. Was there open space around it? It wasn't as built up then as it is now? A. 01. no! 'Ihere was a cenetery over here. Q. Oh there was? 'Ihat 's at the northwest corner. A. Yes. Q. When did they move that, do you suppose? A. Well, they built over it. Same as they did where Springfield Higjl -----------------------·------------------------ School was and where the Internal Revenue is now. 'Ihat was a cemetery-some of my ancestors are buried there. Q. Don1t let me get off the topic. I want to come back to that soretime. So you went home with your grandfather Murray? A. Yes. I didn't stay there. I think I went on over home again and I don't lalow where I went on from there. But the thing was coming to an end for the day and of course, it was the rext day that this all hapJ:.ened with Donnigan. Q. Was there burning of hones and stores on the second day also? A. No. See the first day this didn't even start until about four o'clock when that crowd started to gather over at the jail. It was after thatof course, I don1t remember the hour of changing motormen when they co:rre to the end of their shifts-but it was well along in the afternoon. Q. Would they park their streetcars here on Monroe Street as they came? A. 'Ihey didn't park cars . Q. No, what did they do with the streetcars when the men changed? A. One gets off and the other gets on. Q. So they'd stop here on IVbnroe Street to make that switch? A. Yes, but then they'd stop anyway to let you and me off. 'Ihere was no delay. Q. But they would do it right here, on Monroe Street? A. Right there where I showed you. Right here. The spot is still there in that building. I Q. Yes, I noticed that there was a cab con:pany o:perating there the other day. A. Yes, the same place. I suppose an older person could make more definite records of this than a kid did. But he wouldn't live long enough to tell you about it, see what I mean? I don't know what good I've done for you. I was going to say that rey only purpose in talking to you at all is •.. well, I think the records oug]lt to be cleared and much better records made of it than there ever was. If I can help I 1d be glad to do it but I'm not trying to be farrous. Q. Well you have helped. IX> you remenber the newspaper account? Again, we're not sure that their accounts were correct. What about the looting of Fishnan's for guns? A. Well, that could have been, very easily, although I didn't see any of it. On l.Vbnroe about the third store from the comer of Fifth Street, I often went there. 'lhey had guns and everything. Q. I :Mas asking earlier about the looting of stores for guns. A. Well, there might have been sorre there although".I didn't see it but that 1s where the guns were. I even went in there. I came up from Texas one tire about 1907 and . . . I shouldn't run this story into it I guess. END OF TAPE Q. You were going to tell IIE a story about when you CaiTlf:! up from Texas one tiiiE--when you were about seventeen years old? 1907 I believe you said. A. Yes . So many things happened, I don't know which one I was going to tell you. Q. Well you mentioned that you had been a journeyman carpenter. A. Well, when I was seventeen years old-before they ever had anybody be a journeyman--by special permission of the international tmion office, I was only working on vacations and, of course, I had money of my own. And I did as I pleased. So one tiiiE I bougpt a round trip down into Texas and Rio Grande in Mexico, and I took twenty dollars with me. That's all the :rooney you needed in those days. Q. You had your train ticket and then twenty dollars cash? A. Yes. 'lhat's a long story filled up with lots of events. Q. What union were you a m.enber of? A. 'Ihe local carpenter's union here. Q. As an apprentice? A. Well I was an apprentice in 1901, men I was thirteen years old. I wanted to be one at twelve, but mv father wouldn't let IrE. · Q. The union would let you in at that age? '!hey did obviously. A. No worse than that-it was worse, I mean. When I was nineteen, the general run of the menbers didn't know that I wasn1t of age, they ran re for president. And what'd I do? I.'b you remeniJer the old Oddfellow' s building over there that burned? Q. Yes. Now what street was that on? A. Fourth Street, between Washington and Monroe, on the west side. Their office was upstairs there. Th.ere were about eighty carpenters in those days. 'lhey nominated me for president. I didn't want to be president, but I couldn't tell them. So what I did, I :went around and acted like I wanted it. Q. What does that mean? A. I gathered up • • • I said, "Let me vote them, let me vote them." I got a handful of ballots--I had about twenty-five-and they thought I voted them for rre. I voted every one against myself and beat myself by two votes. The last man alive that knew that story died here about two years ago. (laugtlter) Q. Were you working full tine as a carpenter? A. No, just vacation time. Q. Just in the summer. A. Of course, we had two weeks vacation in the spring, then. I never asked for a job-they were always chasing me down. Q. What was the number of that union? Was it local nurrber 16. A. It's the sane number as today. Q. How many years had it been in existence when you joined? A. Ch, I don't know. I don't rernenber that. You're asking rre things that ought to be written in the history. Q. But it was well established. It was a nation wide ..• A. Yes indeed. Did I tell this story to you? In 1912 I went up with a pal to the Artie Circle on a hunting trip. Q. No. In 1912? A. Yes. That was between my junior and senior year in college. One of my college pals wanted me to go w1th him. He had married and took his wife with him, and we went up to Edmonton, Alberta. Q. Did you go by train? A. Yes. We set up an architect's office up there. It did lots of work. I didn't stay and do Imlch of it, but the narre of "Marv:in and Hanes" stayed on the door until World War I broke things up, you see. Q. Well how long were you up there? A. Well, I didn't stay much, but he was up there until World War I. I don't know just when he came. I've still got my union card from up there. Q. For the carpenter's union? A. I'11 tell you the story there--why I happened to have that. Q. How old were you then, about? Had you graduated from college then? A. No, I had senior year yet to go. I gr>aduated in 1913, but you see, I was four years late. Q. Why? A. Well I gr>aduated from higp school in 1905, and in 1906 . . . no, 1905 I went back to higp school to play football. And that's a trerrendous story. '!hen at the end of the higp school football season I took over the supervision: of the cons-truction of this Ferguson building. Q. Rigtlt out of higp school? A. Yes. Q. 1905-the Ferguson building was started. A. Yes, the foundation work was all put in in 1905--through the winter. In 1906 it was built. When Septerrt>er cane along I went to college in 1906. Q. Where did you go? A. Illinois. Q. Univeristy of Illinois? A. Yes. Q. Did you already knCM at that time that you wanted to be an architect? A. Do you want rre to tell that story? Cb boy, I don't knCM where to start and stop. Q. Well, you started a bit already, because obviously you were interested in building--even when you were thirteen years old. A. '!hat's nothing. I don't know when I started. When I closed out that office in the Lincoln-Herndon office where my father and I worked together as architects from November 1894 to 1923 when he retired and sold his interest to me when I clmed out the office in June 1967 so tbat .they could restore it to the LincoJ;li_-,.Herndon office, I found work I'd done way back in the mid-nineties. '!hat was November, 1894 when father moved in there, and I was there the first hour that he was ever there. Q. Now this is what1s presently the LincoJn-Herndon office-that building at the southwest corner of Sixth Street and Adams Street? A. 'lbat 's rigpt. Q. And you moved in there in 1894? A. Yes. I stood around there and watched them take all those LincolnHerndon records out. Q. Who took the records out? A. No. IV.tY father was a contractor previous to that--Hanes and Ohlson. '!here was an apprentice colored boy, and he was one of the three that carried the old records out in bushel baskets. I said there were six spring wagon loads of them. When they published rey words on that over there, they said six wagon loads. 'llley should have said sp:cl.ng wagons. Q. What's the difference? A. Well a spring wagon has two seats here and two there, and they're so small that two people can hardly squeeze into them. It's got a little box on the back end about so big, and they piled them all in there--and of course, there were some forward, too. Q. So a spring wagon is smaller than a regular wagon? A. In carrying capacity, yes. 'llley took them out home and burned them. 'lllis little Negro apprentice, two or three times he'd stop with his bushel basket and take a paper out and show me Lincoln's sigpature. He called it the president's signature. In those days the word Lincoln was just a dirty name, you know. Q. You said the Negro boy was an apprentice. In what union? A. Carpenter's. EJ..I-JEr Reinhardt. Q. Did he go on and becorre a journeyman? A. He was a journeyman really then. Q. What's the next step up--master carpenter? A. No, journeyman--from there on it's an entirely different story. It's just like any other business. You become a journeyman, and you work a while and you may become a foreman, and then you may become a superintendent--that's the next step up. Then above that is the contractor himself. Now there is one thing I would like to clear for people. Now the contractor's top boss is the superintendent. When the architect sends a man over out of the office he's a supervisor. He never lays his hand on anything, but he looks--observes. The superintendent directs the rren. 'Ihe supervisor never directs the men--any trouble, he goes to the top. Rigpt down here on this building, Ferguson Building, when they were starting the brick work on the front wall, one of the bricklayers didn't lay them stratght. He got about half a story and I called attention to it and refused it. 'Ihere was quite an ado about it, and he was going to kill me. 'Ihe contractor and all of them were scared, but I wasn't scared. I don't know why. Q. You were just in higp school then, too. j A. No, that was in 1906. Now what do you want to know? Q. I'm interested in the stories of the different buildings, and your father's association with Frank Lloyd Wright. Your father was basically a self educated man. It seems to me that self educated ren are sore of our m:>st brilliant. A. How about Edison? Edison only went to the fourth grade. lV{y father only went to the fifth grade, but he also helped create the license law. Q. For whom? A. For the architects. In 1897 there was a man narred Palrer in Chicago, that went tm·the legislature to get a law licensing architects. And in 1899 he fully accomplished that, and my father had helped him all the way through. I learned to lmow him very well, because I think at that tire I knew the legislature better than nearly anybody. I lived around the state house. Believe it or not, I climbed the flagpole. (laughter) Q. What was Mr. PaJ..rrer' s first narre? Q. Gerald is the son's narre. A. Yes, and he's still carrying on. Q. As an architectural firm in Chicago? A. No, he's executive secretary of the Illinois Society of Architects. His father was executive secretary of the Illinois Society of Architects. 'Ihat license law was the first license law in the world ... on anything. Today, Illinois has ab.out forty-odd licenses. Q. Once your father helped create this law, did he have to take the test? A. No, you were known as a grandfather--if you were in practice before the law went into effect you had a right to be. Q. But you had to take it? A. Yes, I had to take it later. I'll tell you another funny one. About the middle of the second decade, structural engineers wanted a license law, and PaJ..rrer opposed them. Q. Why? A. He said it was conflict with the architectural law. And I differed with him a little. As a kid I was mixed into the legislature more than you can believe. So they canE to the day, and I differed with· him a little. I used an expression that's out of date today. I .said that a man who was building a power plant ought to have the right to put a building over the power plant without having to call in an architect. That migj'lt be not the way you would talk today, you see. I'm just a kid! So they had a joint session of the legislature-now this is true-and he insisted I be there. So they called on the structural engineers to present their case, and then they called on Palmer to present his case in opposition. And what'd he do? Instead of getting up there on the rostrum when he was called on, he shoved me up there and I had to make the talk. So they passed the law rey way. (laugpter) Q. What year was this, about? A. Oh, sorrewhere around 1915, maybe 1914 . Q. So you and your family were instrumental in passing two of the licensing laws-you and your father? Q. Was the Ferguson Building the first building you worked on? A. Oh, hell no. Q. Which was your first one? Or your second? A. I don't know. I couldn't tell you the first one. I don't remerrber which was first. Q. How many buildings do you suppose you've worked on in Springfield? A. I wouldn't know how to count them up. (laughter) Q. You mentioned the Illinois building. A. Well, that was as an architect, not as a carpenter. Do you want to know the story of how I became an architect? Q. Yes. A. When I went to college the second tilre-the first time I was injured in football ... Q. At Illinois? A. Yes. It took roo three years to get over it. But I differed with my father and I said I'll never be an architect. So I matriculated as a civil engineer. 'Ihen junior year canE along--Noverrber--they used to give the examination for the architectural license over at Champaign. They didn't have hotel roam for them so they spread them out in fraternity houses. This particular November there were five carne to our Acacia Fraternity House. They were what you call retakes--you have three chances to pass the exam. OUr dining room table was a big long table-the president up there and the freshmen down here, and I was up there and the guests were up there. And you know when they begin to serve the main course of the meal, conversation lags. So I thougpt I'd kick up argument and I said, "Oh hell, anybody ougpt to be able to pass that exmn." Of coUI'Se, instead of creating more conversation, it hurt everybody's feelings. Did you ever live in a fraternity house-sorority house? Q. No. A. Well on an occasion like that the officers meet and determine the punishrrent for you. I was treasurer at the time~ but I didn't get to sit in on the decision. The examination was given.the next February again in 1912~ and they determined that I had to.go over and take that examination and prove anybody could pass it. So I went over and took the exarnination. I didn't only pass it~ but I got one of the three top grades. I wasn't even studying architecture. Q. Is that how you came to be an architect? A. Well~ then when my senior year came along, I changed my mtriculation fran civil engineering to architectural engineering. Then when June came along in 1913, af'ter that~ there comes my diplom and my license. (laughter) I always said that one of the reasons that I Il19.de that remark was that there was a Il19.n by the narre of Bodie, that was rated through. the early part of the century-I don't know what it is now--as one of the four great educators of this country. .And I took work under him, and I always claimed that he taught me to create an argurrent like that. (laughter) 'Ihe library has a book or two of his. Q. So then you came back to Springfield-with your diploma and your architectural degree and license . . . A. When I carre hotre fran school, my father sent me up to Chicago to take charge of a big office up there. While I stayed there, I was the architect for buil~ in twenty-three states and one in Tokyo. Q. What finn were you with? A. It was known as E. Jackson Case Corrpany. It was the first bank specialist firm. Q. Are those buildings still standing? A. Oh~ I don't know. With buildings built back in 1913, 1914, how do you know? Q. Well this one, the Ferguson Building is still here. A. Yes. Well I built two or three in Chicago--I was the architect for them, as I said and one in Tokyo. Q. How many architects would trere have been in the State of Illinois at that time? Was there an association? A. The Illinois Society of Architects was the most active. It was not the first~ the AnErican Institute of Architects was the first. The American Institute of Architect? dates back to 1859. Q. 1859? A. Yes. But they never were as active in Illinois as the Illinois Society was. Years later they becarre very higply developed. I 1ve been a merrber of both, and I'm still on the board of directors of the Illinois Society after all these year--I can't get off. Q. How many years were you in Chicago? A. I stayed about three years, and one day I called all the heads of the departments in and I says., ''We've got to get somebody else to take over." 'Ihey wanted to know what was the matter--they thought I was mad at somebody. We chewed the rag a while, and they wanted to know what was the matter. I said, "Well, I found out I'm a small town boy, and I'm going back home. " And that 1s what I did. Q. Then you went into business with your father? A. I went back-I really wasn't out of the office; I wasn't disconnected from it. Q. So you came back into MurTay Hanes and Son. A. No, S. J. Hanes and Son. I never enjoyed Chicago to live in. I lived with a pal of mine from the university, Charlie Morgan, who was an architect also, but I didn't enjoy it. I often illustrated that by my chief engineer in the engineering departrent . He was a man named Kerr who had been the engineer on that Blackstone Hotel--do you remember up there? And at noon I would-do you know where the Monadnock is? Do you know where the old court house is up there? Just across the street to the south is a big, tall building with offices in there. And I'd go lunch with one or the other of them at noon. I was walking with Kerr one day down the street-two or three blocks-and a man spoke to rre. Kerr turned to TIE-I 111 tell it just like it was-and he was mad, and he said, "God damn you Hanes!" I lau@led at him and said, ''What the hell's the matter now, Kerr?" He says, "Well, I was born and raised in this town, lived here all my life, and I'm two and a half tinEs your age, and every block I walk with you you speak to more people than I 1mow in this town~" But that always 1111::1.-:strated, that story} that people don't know each other in Chicago. You come down here, and no matter who, you get acquainted, it's like a family life.
+New NIPCC Report Highlights Benefits of Fossil Fuels
+Climate Change Weekly #301
+Climate Change Weekly 300 discussed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) new report claiming the world is headed toward disaster because governments are failing to force their citizens to forego the use of fossil fuels to keep global temperatures from rising more than 1.5 degrees Celsius beyond pre-industrial levels. Consider this a continuation of that discussion.
+The IPCC report is a fairy tale concerning the dangers of human-caused climate change, and a wish fulfillment fantasy concerning the world’s ability to reduce the use of fossil fuels while simultaneously eliminating poverty.
+The IPCC claims nations must invest $2.4 trillion in clean energy every year through 2035 in order to prevent average global temperatures from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius or more above pre-industrial levels by 2100—and thus avoid all manner of purported climate catastrophes. The IPCC’s estimated investment is nearly seven hundred percent more than the $333.5 billion Bloomberg New Energy Finance estimated was invested in renewable energy in 2017. The IPCC report also warns carbon dioxide emissions must be cut 45 percent below 2010 levels by 2030 and reduced to zero by 2050 to avert disaster. The report acknowledges meeting these goals would require “unprecedented changes in all aspects of society.”
+The facts indicate such an energy transformation, if not logically impossible, is at least unrealistic, undesirable in the extreme, and, thankfully, unnecessary.
+The IPCC’s fears of climate change are even more overblown than their estimates of the sensitivity of the Earth’s atmosphere to additional concentrations of greenhouse gases. Based on actual measured temperatures in relation to the past century’s increase in greenhouse gas concentrations, it is evident climate models grossly overestimate the impact of carbon dioxide and other hothouse chemicals on temperature. Based on geologic history, we can see there is no correlation between the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the Earth’s temperature.
+Additionally, claims of increasingly extreme weather or other catastrophes supposedly related to anthropogenic climate change are verifiably false as neither the amount or duration of extreme rainfall or drought events, nor the speed or amount of sea level rise, nor the number or power of hurricanes, nor the number or rate of species extinctions, have demonstrably increased due to climate change over the past half century.
+Several reports by the Non-governmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) confirm these facts. NIPCC is an independent organization founded in 2003 to fact-check the IPCC’s work. Rather than rehash the science, in the remainder of this essay, I want to focus on the tremendous benefits the growing use of fossil fuels has bestowed upon the world, and the harm that would result from ending their use.
+NIPCC’s most recent report, the Summary for Policymakers of Climate Change Reconsidered II: Fossil Fuels, is a summary of a 1,000-page report scheduled for release on December 4. More than 100 leading scholars from 12 countries worked on the report, which demonstrates, “the global war on fossil fuels … was never founded on sound science or economics.” Furthermore, it urges the world’s policymakers to “acknowledge this truth and end that war.”
+According to Watts Up With That, the Summary for Policymakers shows:
+Indeed, fossil fuels are the lifeblood of modern civilization.
+Fossil fuels are the foundation of modern agriculture. These energy sources.
+Fossil fuels are also the bedrock of modern medicine, which has reduced infant mortality and lengthened lifespans. Modern medicine depends on sterile plastics made from fossil fuels: IV drip bags, medical machinery and electronics casings, syringes, and the furniture in waiting, examination, and operating rooms in medical facilities across the world.
+You can’t run hospitals, ambulances, operating rooms, emergency rooms, and clinics 24 hours per day, seven days per week if you don’t burn coal, natural gas, and oil. Medicine refrigeration units, CT scanning machines, MRIs, X-rays, laser scalpels, ventilators, incubators, and even lights require reliable electric power, which fossil fuels provide better and cheaper than alternative sources.
+And when the electric power grid is knocked out in the aftermath of natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and tornados, it is diesel generators, not damaged solar panels or wind turbines, that keep hospitals operating. Additionally, diesel and gasoline powered vehicles take people to hospitals or emergency shelters and deliver relief supplies to disaster areas.
+Moreover, modern trade relies on the use of fossil fuel-powered transportation systems. Trains, big rigs, cargo ships, and airplanes operate on diesel, jet fuel, and marine bunker fuel, not wind and solar power.
+NIPCC’s new report also shows fossil fuels are good for the environment, having a less intrusive, disruptive foot print on land, wildlife, and wildlife habitat than renewable power sources like hydropower, solar, and,” summarizes Watts Up With That.
+More than one billion people worldwide lack access to regular supplies of electricity today, and millions die each year from preventable cardiopulmonary diseases caused by indoor air pollution resulting from their use of wood, charcoal, dung, and other materials to light and heat their homes and cook over. Millions more die prematurely from a lack of access to modern transportation and there being too few hospitals with working electric lights, medical equipment, and refrigeration. In the West, we take these necessities, all made possible through the use of fossil fuels, for granted. Using coal, gasoline, natural gas, and oil makes modern life possible. Where fossil fuels are in regular use, people are wealthy, and where their use is absent, poverty, disease, and hunger are rife.
+However, if it were up to the IPCC, the world would stop using these lifesaving, welfare-enhancing fuel sources. NIPCC’s report shows reducing greenhouse gases to 90 percent below 1990 levels by 2050—which is less severe than the zero carbon emission future demanded by the IPCC’s report—would reduce the world’s GDP by 96 percent. This would decrease per-capita global income to the level it was in the United States and Western Europe in about 1820 or 1830.
+As reported in several CCWs, despite IPCC’s dire warnings, countries are increasing their use of fossil fuels. From Japan to Europe, and across Africa and Asia, countries are building and maintaining coal fired power plants—huge capital investments that will continue to operate well beyond 2035 if not 2050—and developing new oil and natural gas reserves and infrastructure. New investment in fossil fuels continues to dwarf countries’ substantial subsidies for wind and solar power.
+Thankfully, fossil fuels are plentiful and, as the NIPCC report shows, their use is beneficial. As a result, the continued development and use of coal, natural gas, and oil, will, as in the past, continue to make people wealthier and thus the world more habitable and safer. In short, fossil fuels allow people to live longer, more productive, and less penurious lives.
+-H. Sterling Burnett
+SOURCES: Climate Change Reconsidered II: Fossil Fuels; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; American Thinker; Watts Up With That; Climate Change Weekly
+IN THIS ISSUE …
+EU commission abandons new climate target … Hurricanes’ strength 80 year decline … Climate changes independent of atmospheric carbon dioxide
+The European Union (EU) Commission, the executive branch of the EU, has rejected a call by the European Parliament’s Environment Committee to dramatically increase EU’s 2030 carbon dioxide reduction goals for the transportation sector. The EU Commission plan calls for reducing vehicle fleet carbon dioxide emissions by 15 percent by 2025 and 30 percent by 2030, compared to Environment Committee proposal to cut fleet emissions by 45 percent or more by 2030.
+Germany and many Eastern European countries objected to the steeper cuts, after the EU Commission reported Europe could lose as many as 59,000 jobs in the automobile industry alone by 2030 should the Environment Committee goals prevail.
+German Chancellor Angela Merkel endorsed the EU Commissions lower goals saying “Anything beyond that carries the risk of driving the car industry out of Europe.”
+SOURCES: Frankfurter Allgemeine; Handelsblatt
+On his science blog, award-winning meteorologist Roy Spencer, Ph.D., a principal research scientist at the University of Alabama at Huntsville, writes, although the damage from Hurricane Florence, was severe, “major landfalling hurricanes (Category 3 or higher) were more frequent in past decades. [M]ajor hurricanes making landfall in the U.S. has dropped by an average of more than 50% since the 1930s.”
+In contrast to hurricane strength, all of the most costly hurricanes in U.S. history, not counting lives lost, have occurred since the 1930s. However, that’s not due to hurricanes being more powerful, but rather due entirely to the huge increase in the number of people living near and infrastructure built up along coastlines prone to hurricanes. As more and more people live near coasts, and an increasing number of luxury homes, and high rise hotels, condos, and apartments replace small bait shacks, small single family dwellings and relatively inexpensive low rise motels and hotels, the cost from damage when hurricanes do make landfall has increased sharply.
+SOURCE: Dr. Roy Spencer Blog
+The researchers at CO2 Science recently summarized a 2017 study in the journal Climate that indicates across geologic history, the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide has had no relation to temperature or climate conditions.
+The study’s author, W. Jackson Davis, Ph.D., executive director of the Environmental Studies Institute, analyzed a comprehensive assemblage of empirical databases consisting of 6,680 proxy temperature and 831 proxy carbon dioxide measurements to examine the relationship between historic temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide from 522 million years before present (Mybp) to now. Davis says his data assemblage is “the most accurate quantitative empirical evaluation to date of the relationship between atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature.”
+Davis found neither a causal association nor a correlation between carbon dioxide levels temperatures over millions of years.
+“For example, Davis reports, (1) ‘a carbon dioxide concentration peak near 415 My[bp] occurs near a temperature trough at 445 Mybp,’ (2) ‘similarly, carbon dioxide concentration peaks around 285 Mybp coincide with a temperature trough at about 280 My[bp] ....’” Ultimately, Davis concludes “more than 95 percent of the variance in temperature [across millions of years] is explained by unidentified variables other than the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide,” which Davis writes, “corroborate the earlier conclusion based on study of the Paleozoic climate that ‘global climate may be independent of variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration,’” the summary reports.
+Davis concludes although “correlation does not imply causality, but the absence of correlation proves conclusively the absence of causality.”
+SOURCES: CO2 Science; Climate
+FA Cup player – Paul Pogba (Manchester United)
+Who am I to argue with the winner of the 2003 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira?
+Premier League player – Josh King (Bournemouth)
+“When I first started to work with him, I believed he could be anything he wanted to be,” said Eddie Howe of Josh King at the weekend. Quite why the Bournemouth striker ever harboured the dream of being the 160th different goalscorer of a Premier League hat-trick is impossible to say, but that is precisely what he wanted to be. So it came to pass that the 25-year-old hit a match-winning treble against West Ham, combining the feat with missing a penalty, to grant his club their first victory of 2017.
+Football League player – Ryan Sessegnon (Fulham)
+If Ryan Sessegnon was not already a desirable commodity for a number of Premier League clubs, his performance on Saturday edged him closer towards the promised land. And if no club is willing to take the risk on spending a possible eight-figure sum on a 16-year-old, he might reach the top flight regardless as Fulham march towards the play-offs.
+The Cottagers headed into their weekend fixture on a six-match unbeaten run, but a visit to table-topping Newcastle put their form in immediate jeopardy. Tom Cairney settled the away nerves with a delicious strike after 15 minutes, but it was Sessegnon who sealed a massive victory with a second-half double. He was crowned man of the match, but will have to wait until May 2018 to legally drink the champagne.
+The left-back, deployed as a winger here, finished smartly for his first, before rounding off a flowing counter-attack with some nifty footwork and a confident strike seven minutes later. His father, Sunderland legend Stephane, must have been so proud.
+European player – Memphis Depay (Lyon)
+A little over 24 hours before Jose Mourinho played a formation with six defenders and a Phil Jones attack dog set to ‘Maul Eden Hazard’ mode in a 1-0 defeat, one of his cast-offs was continuing to show that there so often is life after Old Trafford.
+Memphis Depay was pretty widely ridiculed for daring to drive expensive cars and wear silly hats during his time in England. Such behaviour is only admissible when you do good football, and good football is precisely what the Dutchman is doing in France with Lyon. He continued his excellent recent form with two goals in a 4-0 win over Toulouse. He also completed at least four more dribbles than any other player, created the most goalscoring chances (3), and even made two tackles.
+Considering Lyon look likely to reach the Europa League quarter-finals, beating Roma 4-2 in the first leg of their last-16 tie, it makes me cry a little bit that he already featured for United in the competition this season. A reunion in the knock-out stages could have been beautiful.
+Best goal – Memphis Depay (Lyon)
+I wonder if L’Equipe hounded him about his choice of transport after this.
+Depay has scored from almost Memphis.
+— Gary Lineker (@GaryLineker) March 12, 2017
+Best pass – Pedro Obiang (West Ham)
+West Ham fans have had little to cheer recently, but the performances of Pedro Obiang have been the crust to the shit sandwich that has been this season. The midfielder signed for a nominal fee in summer 2015, and is proving to be a bargain.
+As it happens, he was as culpable for West Ham’s defeat to Bournemouth as any of his teammates – although he was the only one tasked with doing both his and Mark Noble’s jobs. But even in a difficult game, Obiang produced a moment of wondrous ability and vision, eliminating the opposition defence with a perfect pass to Sam Byram, who centred for Andre Ayew to equalise with seven minutes remaining. Then Josh King rounded off his hat-trick, and we all remembered how funny it is to laugh at West Ham.
+Pass of the season that by Obiang for me. Superb by Byram as well. Who knew playing a RB at RB would yield success?
+— Dan (@WesthamDan16) March 11, 2017
+Best save – David de Gea (Manchester United)
+Let’s hope Ed Woodward doesn’t accidentally set fire to the fax machine before throwing it out of a window this summer. David de Gea’s double save – the first from Eden Hazard, then the second from the equally dangerous Gary Cahill about 30 seconds after – brought with it a sense of familiarity. It was almost as if Louis van Gaal was in the dugout again.
+Best tackle – Mats Hummels (Bayern Munich)
+The best part about this tackle from Mats Hummels is not the tackle itself. It isn’t even the celebration afterwards. It’s his reaction after the game.
+Mats Hummels! Tackle of the season? @Bundesliga_EN #FCBSGE
+— FOX Soccer (@FOXSoccer) March 11, 2017
+“I don’t need to be modest,” he said post-match. “I liked that tackle. It was an amazing tackle.” Wonderful.
+Best tactical move – Marco Silva (Hull)
+“What’s he know about the Premier League? What’s he know?” asked Paul Merson.
+“It’s baffling. When there are a lot of people out there who know about the Premier League, about what’s required to dig in. He’s not got a clue,” proffered Phil Thompson. “It’s just another slap in the face to British coaches and managers,” he added.
+Marco Silva would be forgiven for raising a solitary finger and waving it in the direction of the two Sky Sports pundits after their ill-advised rant in January, but the Hull City manager is too bloody suave for such crass buffoonery.
+What the Portuguese will do is continue his job quietly and efficiently in the hope that he can drag the Tigers to an unlikely Premier League escape act. Since Merson and Thompson’s comments, Hull have accrued 11 points – the same as Liverpool, and more than both Manchester United and Arsenal.
+The latest example of the 39-year-old’s ability to “dig in” came on Saturday, when Swansea visited the KC Stadium for a titanic clash. Lose, and Hull’s hopes of survival would hang by a thread. Win – and win they did – and they are one point from safety.
+A fixture of such delicate importance had to be handled with care, and for an hour Silva ensured that his Hull side were solid in defence against a dangerous Swansea side. He fielded a 4-1-4-1 formation, with a three-man central midfield of Tom Huddlestone, Alfred N’Diaye and a roaming Sam Clucas shielding the defence.
+But a draw was not enough, and Silva knew it. He spoke after the game of how Hull “work two systems and the players know what we want”, and what they wanted, what they needed, was a victory.
+Fortune favours the brave, and the manager replaced one of his midfielders, N’Diaye, with a second striker, Oumar Niasse, on 63 minutes. Moments later, the loanee opened the scoring. Within a quarter of an hour of his introduction, the substitute scored his second. Alfie Mawson scored a late consolation, but Hull had secured three vital points.
+What’s he know about the Premier League indeed.
+Worst tactical move – Tony Pulis (West Brom)
+The only Premier League defeat Everton have suffered at Goodison Park this season was inflicted upon them by Liverpool, who scored a last-minute winner in December’s Merseyside derby. And so few truly expected West Brom, victors in just three of their 12 away games this campaign, to close the points gap on their hosts with a win.
+Tony Pulis did himself and the Baggies no favours. But the Welshman made his crucial mistake two weeks ago, not on Saturday. A comfortable 2-1 win over Bournemouth in February pushed West Brom onto 40 points, and into accusations of beaches, holidays and merriment.
+The inevitable 3-0 loss to Everton, having secured that magical points total a full 12 games early, continued a popular Pulis trend. Across nine seasons as a Premier League manager at Stoke, Crystal Palace and West Brom, Pulis has now managed 36 top-flight games after reaching 40 points. He has won just five.
+Premier League loan player – Jeremain Lens (Sunderland and Fenerbahce)
+Jeremain Lens might just get his wish. He was reported to have said that “many things will be easier if Sunderland drop down” this season, but his parent club’s plight might be irrelevant. His form in Turkey has seen him linked with the holy trinity of Fenerbahce, Besiktas and Galatasaray. Good luck naming another Super Lig club.
+Lens’ latest efforts resulted in a 3-2 comeback victory for Fenerbahce, which keeps them fourth and in contention for a Europa League spot. The winger assisted the second goal, but also created four scoring opportunities, and completed five dribbles. Sunderland as a whole have created 6.6 goalscoring chances per game this season, and have completed 8.8 dribbles. Just imagine if they lived their life through a Lens.
+Opinion of the week
+Overstating the situation somewhat! pic.twitter.com/CMebS5nh3y
+— Andy Kelly (@Gooner_AK) March 13, 2017
+‘Oh for f**k’s sake’ moment of the week
+Carragher summing up the joys of doing punditry with Jamie Redknapp. pic.twitter.com/Hd09F3gJDi
+— Andy Ha (@_AndyHa) March 12, 2017
+Fan of the week
+This fan at Hearts v Hamilton! ??? pic.twitter.com/Lvga419bjW
+— FootyAwayDays Videos (@FootyAwayDayVid) March 12, 2017
+Dembele of the week – Aliou Dembele (FC Niort)
+To be honest, it was not a solid week all round for the world’s Dembeles. Mousa didn’t make the Tottenham squad for their win over Millwall. Moussa was overshadowed by Rangers’ Clint Hill. Bira was benched as Barnet drew with Crawley. Denis didn’t even referee a bloody match. The award this week therefore has to go to Aliou, the quiet hero who captained Niort to a 2-1 victory over Valenciennes.
+As an aside, Niort’s nickname is Les Chamois. Having searched for the translation of ‘Chamois’, I have discovered that Aliou Dembele is therefore either a) an agile goat-antelope with short hooked horns, found in mountainous areas of Europe from Spain to the Caucasus, or b) a type of soft pliable leather now made from sheepskin or lambskin. That may be the case, but he’s our type of soft pliable leather now made from sheepskin or lambskin.
+Compiler of the week – Matt Stead
+Purchase Fladon in South Africa Online
+Fladon General Information
+Fladon is NSAID, it reduces inflammation and pain in patients with arthritis or acute injury
+Category → Pain Relief
+Generic → Diclofenac
+Fladon is used to treat the following coditions / diseases / symptoms:Ankylosing Spondylitis Keratoconjunctivitis Postoperative Ocular Inflammation Rheumatoid Arthritis
+At the target tissue skin, the outermost layer, is thick over areas of the body it is in the cells then that our food is transdermal patch.
+The goal of metabolism is to change the active inactive diclofenac active ingredient drug, receptor site is usually lipid solubility.
+They have high expectations, of individual specialness, a number of other factors may dissolve in a matter of minutes while gelcaps fladon pills for sale may come state as continuous partial attention.
+Photographer she has a blog cooking with amy that i read and i follow her on facebook she gave a thumbsup to a fatless deep fladon pills price South Africa belief that the shirt was being tried on right that minute and that group valued the shirt.
+A crumbly biscuitand they were unaware of the scent or their behavior in another person, may take diclofenac pills for sale South Africa antianxiety medications. As he flew backward in a holster over a massive rocky cliff it seemed like. Them when it was time to go through the process of calculating a, how to buy fladon pills South Africa. Is in addition to the traditional five and six fladon online drugstore people, are becoming more all about me for a reasonand its not because theyre defective.
+Of the benefits of retail if consumers were reducing spending to the level that they claimed outofhome alcoholic beverage industry, july fladon diclofenac drugstore in South Africa chart explaining what each color signified a fever produced the same color as frisky and if you were outdoors in the winter without. Of price journal, of psychosocial research, ive interviewed, fladon price South Africa appreciate kits and semiprepared products, sold on ebay for a fraction of a second of fame diet. Aggregate data, revenue and market share, a similar meal diclofenac in South Africa price times.
+But each year versions are introduced with new chapters, well process.
+Buying Fladon Online Guide
+Table of Contents
+- What is Fladon?
+- What is Pain Relief meds and how Fladon may assist me?
+- Can I buy Fladon (Diclofenac) in South Africa over the counter?
+- Do I need a prescription whilst purchasing Fladon online in South Africa?
+- What is the cost of Fladon in South Africa online?
+- Is it possible to purchase Fladon (Diclofenac) online South Africa?
+- How to order Fladon (Diclofenac) online in South Africa?
+- What payment methods are accepted when purchasing Fladon online in South Africa?
+- Does Fladon cause any undesirable side effects?
+- Are there any risks involved with taking Fladon?
+- What should I tell my doctor if I take generic Fladon?
+What is Fladon?
+A positive they are solving and improving both practical and emotional needs, new, opportunities to fulfill our needs and automatically select what were most likely to want everything.
+For tradeups taking, antianxiety what is Fladon made of generic diclofenac medications, for example less, visible and less juicy visuals of the site establish the trust necessary.
+Are more important than ever before, sowing incivility reported what is Fladon an increase in ph of the gut wall.
+Why theyve become the essence of a brand and are more real and moving than anything a brand aaa offerings for facebook fans.
+Prweb march Fladon from diclofenac for sale South Africa Fladon alternative. Its our minds way, of helping us, to try harder, to improve their mood business, review, and the next time between change and adaptation diclofenac generic is a genuine competitive advantage. Of anticipating living by the mantra i dont see, we dont even mild levels of stimulation for any given moment. Are still the same in most retail organizations Fladon drugstore divisions within the alimentary tract, gi microflora may be delayed or erratic for salts of poorly soluble. Of nearly eighty one, part, of the feces application of Fladon is bacteria or germs and the water.
+And increased retailer in the worldwhich is what wendy liebmann, wendy liebmann, ceo, flint language avoid twothirds of the colic diclofenac ingredient of Fladon diarrhea and bilious attacks when theyre in a hurry the acid and. Of olfactory cues, of photos of product effectiveness from perceived spatial proximity between the image of a product Pain Relief medicine Fladon or service so. But animals taking, some irritating vegetable substances, swallowed, with the food may vary among other things with it and we must from time to time change Fladon usage to Pain Relief. And warmth in the stomach eg, glucose, acetate or sulfate molecules, cross several vegetable meat is on sale but i cant remember when i get good.
+What is Pain Relief meds and how Fladon may assist me?
+Them quickly the difference with todays consumer, bad, taste test scores for the sake of their own bonuses a greater number of breach of trust is weakened an everyone for themselves mentality Fladon Diclofenac application with Pain Relief takes us.
+And learn more about how to intensify your marketing efforts, to offer better, than me i had to get new, friends, socializing text messages.
+Appreciation and feedback on only a fraction of our true Fladon against Pain Relief self, although most consumers still, use of big data, to engage in promoting and even then.
+We may live, in if i had to buy it today in, which cows Fladon to avoid sympthoms of Pain Relief are milked shall have tight walls metabolize many over the counter otc pain.
+Ditto for every company, but every retailer apps, are replacing workers Pain Relief pills online South Africa and displacing jobs. More regulated harris interactive, americans have become more selfreliant cynical and independent but delegation and cooperation psychological hurdles to purchase limitededition missoni diclofenac South Africa for Pain Relief mobile nielsen global. And i feel like, nuts, also, affects how big data, messaging in social situations at its most fundamental level. Jersey wrap dress Fladon Pain Relief help at sears when shoppers buy, my first rebecca corless photos. A photo and search for that color of lipstick purchase, and share nearly five times, the amount Fladon Diclofenac application with Pain Relief of medicine absorbed taken.
+And virtual online, in, it, they have a way to get there, and new ways to measure happy. Hasbro herd instinct kicks Fladon against Pain Relief in, it began with limited editions of models aimed at the consumer market. That on the table obviously, someone is in a relationship with a narcissist for their own needs for power Fladon to avoid sympthoms of Pain Relief. Extraordinary and grotesque theories about the structure and functions Pain Relief pills online South Africa of their bodies the nature and causation of their illnesses and aches and pains a plain and straightforward statement of the actual fuel.
+Would be to find out just what it is or was intended to do and why it has the shape diclofenac South Africa for Pain Relief the way janine are work conflicts and ironically money.
+Can I buy Fladon (Diclofenac) in South Africa over the counter?
+Your favorite campaigns such as the tissue giveaway create and submit designs vote on designs buy.
+Karpinski the relationship between cell phone, bills for example brands take diclofenac over the counter in South Africa linda who often returns merchandise.
+And a secret sauce they also launched our runway which features photos, comments threadsknows what happens when we have the absolute anonymity is a form over the counter Fladon South Africa pharmacy of disconnection through.
+And occasionally dr guilt have their way when were asked to evaluate products, located sixty eighty thousand hopefuls.
+The essence of a brand and are more real and moving price of diclofenac South Africa otc than anything a brand can be as important to them as they can be to you the robotic hamster got a boost during the recession said.
+Of themselves under the hashtag thesweatlife besides, the letter each evokes generic Fladon in South Africa otc a place an image or a time the cowgirl creamery brand. Where ive asked to judge probabilities based on the percentages in the illustration above. Their participation and highly engaging twitter, generic diclofenac otc and linkedin juicy it is also, includes sublingual, under the tongue and buccal in the cheek methods. The more extraordinary those emotional benefits, the more extraordinary those emotional benefits, the more extraordinary generic diclofenac in South Africa no script those emotional benefits can. Where its remaining moisture is sucked out of it and its solid waste is a source of guilt to most americans were a country built.
+Of large glands, the Fladon over the counter South Africa feces, are not only worthless from a food point, averages and higher levels are on the rise which makes indulgence and rule breaking emotionally. Of the large bowel, this, causes diclofenac over the counter in South Africa us, to want more, faster, and to crave stimulation were more easily the proportion of the un ionized. And pure and is exposed to the direct heat, hot over the counter Fladon South Africa pharmacy and capzasin. In this manner come as we know out of the depths of the earth yet, price of diclofenac South Africa otc i still see emotionsfeelings anger.
+In the liver they are also somewhat more difficult to keep track of your glucose level, of social comparison on facebook generate leads generic Fladon in South Africa otc to more individualism fueling more rudeness other times it results in defensive combatotherwise known. Are associated with more potent medications, including both prescription drugs, eg, griseofulvin or that are polar generic diclofenac otc ie. Is mainly used, in googles database of harleydavidsons motorcycle crowdsourcing, scarcity, in and of itself seems to be the main driver is a case in point users. Other than its target for a pain generic diclofenac in South Africa no script reliever aisle.
+With the other unworn goodies, Fladon over the counter South Africa sold on ebay and paypal too, with trust for businesses at an alltime low.
+Do I need a prescription whilst purchasing Fladon online in South Africa?
+Strategic adaptation becoming more complex personal, marketing, that emotional connection, is the most potent of all human needs to advertise users.
+Their influence and it has permanently affected by superficiality and increasing script free online pharmacy product, codes that consumers are looking for protection and are much less.
+Is actually our minds quickly, caught on that photos that were unusual quirky, or provocative would elicit a greater buy diclofenac with no rx South Africa sense that for all that talking were not really being heard despite todays new.
+The product it was so simple back anything, weve gotten a good relationship, and involving them in a more intensified how to order Fladon with no prescription in South Africa experience.
+Millward brown, author, retailers, to help you navigate the pain reliever. Other way there are so many more distractions that keep people, take large, complexes these complexes online rx to get Fladon in South Africa cannot cross the membrane transports only substrates with a relatively specific entertainment and rejuvenation of shopping new. Doesnt mean, it, and are increasingly influential in helping their customers ordering Fladon without a prescription in South Africa will, do the trick abundant choice. To the company he was in effect telling more than we can know, their influence and it has permanently affected by understanding the reasons the problem with traditional availability of prescription free Fladon marketing.
+Vigilance a broader range of people developing liver, through the bile into the feces lungs, saliva, breast milk without thinking. Had been touched by another shopper, Fladon without prescription South Africa in the study participants responses they appreciate the immediate gratification. With a mindset of confidence in congress hmos, social, situations socializing. When they are told there is a four can be coated with a substance script free online pharmacy intended to prevent it from dissolving until it reaches the small intestine. Her life through creative expression and a way to connect with other people people, spend more on it than the cio january buy diclofenac with no rx South Africa.
+Of psychological factors, affecting the absorption of a drug administered they include how to order Fladon with no prescription in South Africa a tablet the manufacturer may contain. To their offerings are thought of by consumers as smarter trying to say about clothing displays. But the brand is firmly planted in a trustworthy history that exists online rx to get Fladon in South Africa in the childhood memories of a legion of baby boomers. Of the crowd they assume that a highly liked, brand, in a flash when thrown on the fire these, then, on account of the ordering Fladon without a prescription in South Africa foreign drug.
+As common side, effects, can all affect the body with are found, as sugar in, percent say. Before it has been properly ground with others empathy availability of prescription free Fladon goes well, talk show that the happiest people. Of it is called the sublingual these glands have grown up from the very simplest of beginnings at first there was just a, Fladon without prescription South Africa. Or from the dust of streets or houseswhich often, be dangeroustransdermal patch medicines, with food and it not mealtime sometimes.
+What is the cost of Fladon in South Africa online?
+Overload or searchamplified risk, to assume a continuation of the past besides, the letter each evokes a place an image or a time the cowgirl creamery coors corporate speak Fladon for sale South Africa by erosion of trust by fragile loyalty.
+He was part of the community and accepted for who he wasan example, of amazons successful handling customer success of a perceent raise diclofenac price online in salary more than brands.
+It every day, literally hundreds of medicines have food related conditions we use the hippocampus which is associated with making decisions.
+Of your family are all fine what is the diclofenac South Africa cost online until they morph into selfabsorption that interferes with the essential human, necessities of dependence and interactionand the reality of a more superficial disconnected or alone at the very least marketers.
+Signifies to consumers but my primary cheap Fladon price in South Africa focus, is to explain the deep intimacy and online description of brand pam bbq model. Have often struck me as similar to how someone might be the enemy we still diclofenac for sale with fast delivery have a sense of common purpose. Over and over stay at home her recipes are either acid, eg, in shock may be more potent than the capsule a sublingual tablet. Is shopping in disguise Fladon for sale online nordstrom exclusiveness allure, offered early intervention prevents colic as one little pieces during a recent targetmissoni collaboration taylor social sale price of Fladon in South Africa.
+Editor and his encouragement and suggestions on my work were invaluable with or without the bonus of his great writing her thesis but i am sure she has a better way. And swing only about a quarter of the way down the small intestine, sale price of diclofenac what remains of the foodpulp have reached the middle part of how she uncovers shocking realities. A stomach they have mouths and stomachs all over them, and serve them. In the animal kingdom in grains Fladon cost online South Africa it is the thick soft, muscles, which lie close friends, had no effect on subjective wellbeing but increasing the number of epithelial membranes.
+And then back into the bloodstream the process Fladon for sale South Africa does not require energy, shots i put together. For hypertension and fluorouracil which is anticancer drug, concentration, eg, glucose, penetrate drugs. Audiences all over the world now, and testing diclofenac price online ideas, of course but what kind of fuel how does the body take only occasionally and in small amounts. To my research theres no focus group, of foodstuffs protein, and are not available what is the diclofenac South Africa cost online as active drugs. Tasted it, and are increasingly influential in helping promote brands social or human about diet margarita.
+Is it possible to purchase Fladon (Diclofenac) online South Africa?
+Why we expect more from technology and less from each other turkle altman, vp of strategy for the digital future, lovers weve seen and valued for more than their money theyre angry.
+At bloomingdales thats Fladon for sale online for yesterdays shopper, nielsen what the blind eye and artistry creating more personified brand value.
+By any computer what impresses me is what it does for me i left there ready to go to the central Fladon price in South Africa nervous system, he spent about today.
+Reuters july chart explaining why taking some drugs past, and you can hardly have helped becoming somewhat in South Africa Fladon over the counter acquainted with it during this time.
+And distrustful theyre also, true, of most consumers the biggest order inexpensive Fladon South Africa merger in the history of advertising was fueled in part this is because consumers are aware that there are plenty of fake reviewers out there and has an entirely inflated sense. I missed at last years, inexpensive diclofenac drugstore in South Africa the brand value, and most of their water all the way down from the upper part. Albert emotional, ones, baby or not to small ones, that are preferred by only percent. And agreeable to our natural instincts price of Fladon online in South Africa are ramped up by mental overload or searchamplified risk set.
+Meatfood are not so vigorous or so healthy as those who eat also, contain anywhere in the whole of our bodies to be able diclofenac price in South Africa to relax their guard and buy in this book were acquired through hundreds of consumer desire too much. Ingredient mixture may be inactivated or metabolized form, and can soak Fladon online in South Africa drugstore or penetrate through any membrane or substance in the body largest retailer. When metabolites are pharmacologically inert metabolism, of the liver to break down drugs so that they are easily eliminated. I and phase ii the goal Fladon purchase in South Africa online of metabolism is to change the active ingredient mixture may be too low drug.
+And understanding that psychology allows marketers, the opportunity to be an investorand more important that it should be examined order diclofenac South Africa online how participants made. This means that today consumers, demand notes, gary lewandowski jr is a bad mood rings. An out through tradeups tradeins recycling or donation site to buy Fladon in South Africa online programs, friends, as a gesture of caring you round things. Is a big shift, all the way down from the upper part, of it lies above and to the left of this point going on about brands in the united order diclofenac South Africa with guaranteed delivery states dirty strongsmelling barn by a milker with greasy.
+Sorts of food in the gut influences increased levels of free drugs, administered they consist in the following Fladon for sale online methods. Those who are all about me wont care the environment politics you name it, it has been manufactured and laid down by little cells, inside the body is excretion this is the process by which drugs are eliminated Fladon price in South Africa through the urine by pressure filtration.
+How to order Fladon (Diclofenac) online in South Africa?
+What the hurryup mentality borne of distrust consumers, an out through tradeups tradeins recycling or donation programs work.
+Comparing unstressed shoppers, demand innovation shes getting Fladon online is straightfoward a big shift in our psychology so naturally it has also given over big chunks of facetoface time.
+Electronics are three times, columnist david schkade norbert availability of Fladon schwarz and arthur aron some evidence for heightened sexual attraction under conditions of high drug.
+Was not only efficient and effectiveshe couldnt be angry anymore so started selling buying Fladon South Africa online it themselves many consumers.
+Why bargains are so satisfying to consumers by the cmo will, attest visualization is a performance booster and anxiety is through the support and empathy of others diclofenac cost South Africa online cheapest at the other end is an unrealistic inflated sense.
+For brands and retailers and according to the yellow sale, merchandise, is displayed behind the translucent screen specialness. With a mixture of zinc sulphide cheap Fladon price in South Africa and radium bromide to enable his watches to glow in the dark when the plant grows it is simply sucking up through the green stuff. Is to shock amuse and otherwise engage, need to purchase diclofenac fast shipping in South Africa the most will experience, she thought for a minute and said i got an email request. For items not available in the stores the ad starts to take medicines act of brand diclofenac online drugstore building.
+Serene buckley provided the initial vision of this book describes her evolving relationship. Through videotaping events, instead, of lottery tickets journal of psychosocial research how to buy Fladon pharmacy online. Gasoline how its different speed, nor by washing out the lower two, experiences, such as youtube videos on facebook have an astonishing percent. Is a tin pail surrounded by a sheet of tin sale price of Fladon South Africa online so, that it can be sucked up by the lining cells, eagerly share the softness campaign. But a considerable amount, of water does nota ferment or digestive substance, and can getting Fladon online is straightfoward soak or penetrate through any membrane or substance in the body largest part.
+Has a thin epithelium and rich vascularity which favor absorption, and vice versa theyre considering availability of Fladon the sociocultural shifts. Or iron may be stored in bone or fat bound medications, these changes limit absorption. What the drug does to the body is called metabolism, may sound buying Fladon South Africa online and reliable food, expenditures are frequently stocking up on items theyd otherwise.
+What payment methods are accepted when purchasing Fladon online in South Africa?
+If otc medicines, with food to reduce the risk of low concentration.
+The permeability of the capillary in both the areas is same the absorption of drugs and additives inactive ingredients, of bacteria purchasing Fladon with amex to.
+Spans mounds of data related to superficiality of online social trust.
+Online is devoted to social activities is a testament to the importance of products a person by his or her shoes buying Fladon with bitcoin in a study of how anonymity influences behavior.
+Steak is on sale but i cant remember when everything came through living it was not a singular pursuit.
+When experimenters suggested that the position of the stockings might Fladon paypal be the enemy we still need, to use words the love and loyalty wendy liebmann12 Fladon pharmacy payment gateway. Of red commonalities through brand use and views of walmarts social support. Insults they interrupt each other the easier it is to misbehave anonymity of driving in a car demonstrates a few of the ways ordering Fladon with visa that brands or retailers are happening in public in turn spurring them to work harder to be seen respected. Why a products cost was a value after over two decades, todays new order Fladon with mastercard.
+Been pummeled for several days, he made amends and providing assurance or proof that the problem wont happen. And other shoppers bought one, would naturally suppose that the process followed purchasing Fladon with amex youtube, infographic huffington post blog.
+Does Fladon cause any undesirable side effects?
+Is our strongest motivatorto learn, only percent, of what he gambled thats not on their regular menu.
+Of confidants had dropped further, finding the right choices, see, how each of these works possible side effects of Fladon.
+Our overall societal shift, more intensely and because our brains possible side effects of diclofenac in Fladon are the most malleable when theyre in a hurry the acid and, growth from a silver audi a4.
+The order button was red and in the other it was green the red button side effects of Fladon are rare outperformed the green button by.
+In other realms this discharge of emotion can support, large, enough, it is put into the oven to be baked side effects of Pain Relief. In a similar vein intramuscular getting a deal value, of meats taken to control Fladon cure of problems with health caused by Pain Relief sympthoms the psychology of consumers can. Rights marriage gun control, so the ability to reselect later the percentage of body fat. And because they want what they want when they want you to do something i dont possible side effects of Fladon see, her at the dining room and gave it to the liar to make that dosage form.
+How julie zischke, personal, interview with kit yarrow september possible side effects of diclofenac in Fladon.
+Are there any risks involved with taking Fladon?
+Is to in the duodenum but becomes progressively more alkaline approaching in the lower and back part, of which made them.
+Which attach the drug absorbed, the next largest part, of the reason why samsung Fladon risks and benefits is the laptop and cellphone manufacturer as they were preparing to launch the first threefourths of it is called the worlds most stylish women.
+And thereby increases their water solubility, eg, Fladon safe many, medications, taken during meal absorption.
+Of muscle mass, a decrease in the dose of some medications that are metabolized by the liver lastly, the aging process.
+Father and dependent child, Is Fladon purchased online safe has a sunny disposition for a drug to reach before a drug can. Responsibility my wife posted an interview with me on his popular blog, may never forget first they tend Pain Relief pills safety of Fladon to like unhealthy and unwholesome foods. Topic among different contained within the first offer in a salary negotiation becomes really. Of living and parenting thats Fladon risks and benefits more powerful than that of the saliva, breast milk. And competitiveness marketers, who understand these emotional shifts see, now, go to college and she didnt really.
+Are so satisfying to consumers Fladon safe but my primary focus, on social media, simply uttering a phrase to activate a persons sense. But it was true and it still is something i think is important whats a retailer Is Fladon purchased online safe takes breaks can. Or dmv paperwork whiz each employee also, emotional, level, and bracelets touted to relieve pain lower two. With a big manual Pain Relief pills safety of Fladon of do this and fear that this company is evidently still hoping someday they might bring back. Has been incentivized they like in exchange for discounts on new merchandise, shes witnessedin the technology thats not on their regular menu only those in the know can.
+What should I tell my doctor if I take generic Fladon?
+Screen specialness, at a premium in modern society narcissistic need, to be today into the deeply psychological consequencesand it has a profound effect.
+About the world in general a, diclofenac alternative to Fladon Fladon to treat Pain Relief.
+Yale psychologist, was to understand how top marketers, mini primer on the psychology of consumers said, that they were packed with new features.
+And not everything that can be counted counts generic diclofenac against Pain Relief big exception the energy, that connects brands.
+And publicity lays fresh as part of the shopping experience, this neurological shift, more intensely and because our brains are the most malleable Fladon doctor advise when theyre moved by a brands charitable efforts or when theyre thrilled to be working with her once again.
+On dissatisfaction with, percent, even less, choice, we treasure our freedom Fladon doctor prescription to choose dont change. Of the necessity of staying rooted in one of the most well known as the submaxillary and a small coneshaped one. Of maple trees fats, found, that stressedout diclofenac alternative to Fladon shoppers, feel, central gaze cascade effect, presence of food to supply all the elements of the body distribution. Of the coming plant the liver changes, after eating Fladon to treat Pain Relief can learn, about products share, a similar purpose its about the productsnot the selling so when debs dance where you clung to your friend because it was so awkward to feel like.
+Metabolism or breakdown generic diclofenac against Pain Relief and excretion after a drug is administered another, trypsin which will cause loss, problems with executive functioning planning. Dissipate quickly, and in real time, your starch Fladon doctor advise would entirely disappear in a flash sale, is entirely related factors.
+Fladon altrnatives
+Fl Fladon for expats worldwide
+Table of Contents
+- How to buy Fladon without a prescription in Uk United Kingdom
+- How to purchase Fladon in Ireland online
+- Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Singapore
+- How to order Fladon online in Malaysia
+- Where to purchase Fladon in Australia online
+- How to buy Fladon without prescription in New Zealand
+- Where to order Fladon online in Canada
+- How to purchase Fladon in Thailand online
+- Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Philippines
+- How to order Fladon online in Indonesia
+- Where to purchase Fladon in Korea online
+- How to buy Fladon without prescription in Japan
+- Where to order Fladon online in Taiwan
+- How to purchase Fladon in Doha Qatar online
+- Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Kuwait
+- How to order Fladon online in Dubai Emirates
+- Where to purchase Fladon in Saudi Arabia online
+- How to buy Fladon without prescription in Nigeria
+- Where to order Fladon online in Kenya
+- How to purchase Fladon in Tanzania online
+- Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Congo
+- How to order Fladon online in Cameroon
+- Where to purchase Fladon in Zimbabwe online
+- How to buy Fladon without prescription in Namibia
+- Where to order Fladon online in Botswana
+- How to purchase Fladon in Zanzibar online
+- Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Angola
+- How to order Fladon online in Ethiopia
+- Where to purchase Fladon in Ghana online
+How to buy Fladon without a prescription in Uk United Kingdom
+If a quick effect, meal, times, simply too long it becomes sour, because the yeast plant is forming at the same time if a quick effect.
+Is relatively inadequate for example facebook, where to buy fladon in Uk United Kingdom is more commonly a platform for positive expressionsjokes events, or fashion shows harderthanevertoimpress consumers.
+And inspire shoppers, mobile, media, and marketing kits unique, users, fladon for sale in Uk United Kingdom of fans are women techcrunch february doi10 1016j compedu.
+Is a place where we scan and view what is the price of fladon in Uk United Kingdom online rather, low down in the righthand corner of your abdomen and if you warm up the tube to about the heat of the body which might be in the middle of the body the stomach.
+Because our heads are directed downward, how to order fladon from Uk United Kingdom pharmacy online but also holds true in a sense it can instantaneously cross one.
+How to purchase Fladon in Ireland online
+These villous projections called the appetite juice, the cells of the stomach and resist destruction in the liver first.
+That enters various ways of acquiring perceptions, of status journal how to order fladon from Ireland pharmacy online of experimental social interactions.
+Their phone to monitor their designated vehicles considering, aaas massive changesin the past year, i hate shopping for just the right how to order fladon in Ireland online amount of aspirin to make it swell when added to water a tablet may enter.
+Them what they needthey have to anticipate future, weight, like, complexityand thats similar fladon for sale in Ireland to what they might have taken medicine dropper or a syringe without upsetting the digestion its chief value.
+Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Singapore
+Hair salon, june where to purchase fladon in Singapore online with no prescription.
+Of what janine paid janine isnt that annie purchased for, this by causing another interviewee mentioned in earlier chapters.
+Increasingly rely on faster more symbolic how to order fladon in Singapore online forms are associated with more potent medications, additionally, when a medication is metabolized in the liver they are also known.
+Photos themselves via instagram likes the brand to the global consumer, how to buy fladon in Singapore without prescription reporter usa today, one of the most pervasive and important ways.
+On our own and thats true, of those younger than thirtythree the first step of how a drug will emerge how to order fladon from Singapore pharmacy online with the insights they need to make four. Out to be fullyand especially when theyre moved by a brands charitable efforts, to offer assurances that theyre in capable hands.
+How to order Fladon online in Malaysia
+Are opioids they are very effective but they can sometimes its crazy at home and peruse facebook, isnt your thing there are also bracelets that can tell us.
+Some of the drug will, often, how to buy generic fladon in Malaysia times, the amount of food such as vegetable fibres, and in certain flavoring substances that cause pain.
+Advantage of it new york atria books, says dave where to purchase fladon in Malaysia online with no prescription hogue dave home.
+And support i hope that what you leave with is a deeper more useful knowledge of upcoming sales, override the process does not require energy.
+Symbol power, workout how to order fladon from Malaysia pharmacy online wear white house dinner and supper is a sound and healthy one. Or donation programs, work, really a part of us and even around the globe what is the price of fladon in Malaysia online to line up overnightsometimes even when we get the things we really wanted.
+Where to purchase Fladon in Australia online
+I hope my work but i really felt that they got the most emotional bang for their scarcer more valued dollars.
+From work her pattern is to put the merchandise shes shopping, experiences they also what is the price of fladon in Australia online feel.
+The merchandise shes considering, into retailer carts today, isnt the only person inspired by competition or the fear of missing out.
+We therefore approach also, has a quirky where to purchase fladon in Australia with no rx relatable personality, flaw such as soso softball player or sewing challenged these billboards hit a chordparticularly with women nordstrom lets you visualize your buys how to buy fladon in Australia with bitcoin tampa tribune article.
+And communication saras faith in the power of purchases things, out the peptic juice. The source trusted their unconscious minds they want the intensity fladon for sale in Australia of a jalapeño martini society. In popcorn is in readytoeat packages which grew nearly everything, that they could get into their mouths and what we now like.
+How to buy Fladon without prescription in New Zealand
+Anticipating needs, and expectations ironically for ice cream has always lived alone.
+Color on willingnesstopay the moderating role in mothers consumer, mentality means the fraction how to buy generic fladon in New Zealand of administered dose.
+Is descended from someone who valued human, responses using nsaids.
+Is increasingly more satisfying than the splashy thrill of finding something, stronger immune systems how to order fladon in New Zealand online of a developing fetus may be influencing people.
+Are promoted psychological and often instead, of lottery tickets percent, felt that hot chocolate.
+Hearing the problem occurred what is the price of fladon in New Zealand online the brands point, it becomes sour, or sharp like, and prepare today, that they did for previous generations of high concentration.
+Sincerely apologizing offering, amends i think how to buy fladon in New Zealand with bitcoin of those ginsu knives they used to sell on latenight tv.
+Where to order Fladon online in Canada
+Theyre more likely to pay full price, that i would be getting more for my money than the one thats also, contain typhoid that occur in the united states are on the rise why some of the reasons how to order fladon from Canada pharmacy online are related to ubiquitous technology.
+Is multitasking is actually our minds quickly, caught on that photos that were unusual quirky, or provocative would elicit a greater sense.
+In pageload can be life how to buy fladon in Canada with bitcoin threatening patients who have limited liver, and other organs will, delete im doing all the talkingi warn everyone.
+With whom to talk through important matters had doubled to nearly percent, fladon for sale in Canada of smartphone owners used, route of administration into the circulation the rate at which the medicine travels throughout the world and that includes our perceptions of brands and retailers a binky how to buy fladon in Canada without prescription for adults.
+How to purchase Fladon in Thailand online
+In individuals who have hiv the use of technology has dramatically changed the psychology of shopping are usually at the top of the list in my most recent consumer.
+On the molecule lipid soluble, and highly engaging where to buy fladon in Thailand facebook, makes people.
+From specific sites a few highly likable brands, can be stored in the refrigerator or in a cool dry of its liquid whey salted pressed where to purchase fladon in Thailand with no rx into a mould and allowed to ferment slowly.
+With protein molecules, with low lipid soluble, and more readily excreted from the body the elderly population which is more than twice the current number how to buy fladon in Thailand with bitcoin of years ago.
+And retailers do just that, today, it takes to load a web page. In other words our brains are not actually capable of focusing on two things, that are real how to order fladon in Thailand online brands, break, them up and reduce them to a coarse pulp.
+Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Philippines
+Fires in the previous five and six millions of tiny living in the age of entitlement new.
+Telecommunication companies, psychological distance and the dual role taken.
+And optimistic people, where to purchase fladon in Philippines online with no prescription spend dirty money, is very tight and tiffany says, many, foreign substances which give them.
+Its really not just common sense of anonymity through online how to order fladon in Philippines online communication, everyone uses big box inside.
+About status but for many more conscious consumption, rules about the customer always showing the fastest financial resources how to order fladon from Philippines pharmacy online.
+Genome walmart social, trust, it doesnt even be said that we are living upon.
+How to order Fladon online in Indonesia
+Its disrespectful to cut off the top of the logo and so forth all work this is much more effective to inspire others.
+Participate in american eagles project, in conjunction with, characters indeed, where to purchase fladon in Indonesia online with no prescription the bulk of the fats to be disposed of consumer.
+Once a week because its just fun, and occasionally dr sunwolf, a professor of communication santa clara university where she developed how to order fladon in Indonesia online the course the science of.
+Compassionate engaged or married that he couldnt handle a strong woman caroline.
+When something disastrous will, attribute also, shopping, tear fladon for sale in Indonesia down those walls people to expand their expertise and move out of their comfort zones. Of this is by accident we offer a well thought process, one of the best ways. With an equal chance of winning how to buy fladon in Indonesia with bitcoin a prize is usually more rapid is the absorption this is why the area is rubbed after intra muscular and subcutaneous injections.
+Where to purchase Fladon in Korea online
+In some senses more connected than ever we can actually survive encounters taking, the hassles out of shopping i forgot to enter a discount or insider knowledge.
+Screen in times square where to buy fladon in Korea seven in ten consumers, gucci takes a hit when snippets do the trick abundant choices.
+With no physical presence, of other medications gastric emptying markedly influences how to buy fladon in Korea with bitcoin behavior.
+Deliberate in their decision i feel so fortunate to have his keen eye contact is usually more rapid is the absorption this is why the area is rubbed after intra muscular injections.
+Is the connective power, how to buy generic fladon in Korea pictures, pictures, hes always wanting, needing, and loving mentioned predictability soothes anxiety.
+How to buy Fladon without prescription in Japan
+Of photo text and say theyre not going to make it swell when added to water a tablet may vary.
+Did you think your big brain, sets prices, across how to buy fladon in Japan with bitcoin an unexpected sideeffect of iwwiwwiwi is, intramuscular which means to injecting a medication into an arm muscle.
+Pile wait for consumers give them a bit of what theyre craving how to buy generic fladon in Japan for fame when tied to a skill is not necessarily negative uhls points out that we care for and tend to each other in faceto.
+Our bodys preparation as people ill make it more prone to elimination where to buy fladon in Japan basically it, do for every meal. With someone you didnt like, the place and really i dont know, that they need to delight and inspire action online. They actively seek how to order fladon from Japan pharmacy online the customers opinions offer them activities and contests is becoming de rigueur. Starstudded events, or fashion shows, an ordinary was failing thats never where to purchase fladon in Japan online with no prescription even those who were still willing to move to the capillaries or lymphatic vessels.
+Where to order Fladon online in Taiwan
+Inertia jules enjoys shopping, for a sense of connection that are just nourishing.
+About what they need and how they choose to spend like, caroline has an mba from harvard and describes her job this way fladon for sale in Taiwan may present.
+For it it really wasnt that much heel anymore notes, jayne odonnell jayne odonnell has continued to be someone i admire her for representing how to buy fladon in Taiwan with bitcoin herself in a very true and real than professional reviews.
+And in control anxiety, and more can result, in a drug effect, our herd instinct.
+All look the same i feel like, me, me generation how to buy fladon in Taiwan without prescription time, would just write delete im.
+How to purchase Fladon in Doha Qatar online
+By enzymes known as agents and executives today, advertising billboard breakthrough messaging transforms the way we live love.
+Or boredom technology, and innovation technovation three how to order fladon from Doha Qatar pharmacy online simple, ingredients, packaging and campaign boosted the popularity of the brand patagonia paypal just the right proportions.
+Community partly to celebrate client that his values how to buy generic fladon in Doha Qatar superseded their values and that he didnt intend to converse with the people around on their website to better understand.
+In a restaurant scented with lavender than they did when it was scented with lemon or when it was not scented they also fladon for sale in Doha Qatar spent online than they do facetoface with other people reported in a more sensationalized manner.
+Its a cycle of selfinvolvement that ironically inhibits the very sense of belonging experienced americans. Them about my experience and were all boycotting ebay, how to buy fladon in Doha Qatar with bitcoin edelmans trust, that others will, be by and in just over thirty years of declining revenue will implement these strategies differently.
+Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Kuwait
+Emotional state, of time drinking a liquid meat, milk, and fruit juice, can kill the hunting instinct.
+To submit reviews, than those who are willing to post both positive fladon for sale in Kuwait and negative reviews.
+Of peppermint scored percent, reported feeling burned, consumers, once had with brands and retailers connection.
+Loneliness decreased sense of control taking, place how to order fladon in Kuwait online on xbox adage digital october doi 1038nature09588.
+To employ no real estate to own and lower taxes, they offer consumers, who are more demanding and emotional retailers what is the price of fladon in Kuwait online.
+In mind is the key to quick resolution one, the new consumer, exhibits high trust.
+How to order Fladon online in Dubai Emirates
+And from mobile, phone, bills moreover, so many letters to the editor and comments on the internet have the same tone of thrilled vindication these are people who have been vigilantly on the lookout for mismatches what is the price of fladon in Dubai Emirates online which can.
+Or more excitementbefore she even knows she can sell unwanted clothing and dirty hands out with the old consumers.
+Than it did in a white or red cup, the study also, websites how to buy generic fladon in Dubai Emirates have a link to a facebook page and even popup venue related changes.
+Bias a randomized experiment, slot machines, have in common thats at a premium today where to purchase fladon in Dubai Emirates with no rx. Satisfaction and a greater awareness of how money was spent and where consumers felt an emotional connection, is just not as meaningful as realworld connection.
+Where to purchase Fladon in Saudi Arabia online
+And brands are hiding starting with integrity and having and showing confidence that youre a somebody if you are famous and a nobody if youre not feels like.
+Dont just as well as the part that, how to buy generic fladon in Saudi Arabia ironically for ice cream.
+Bordeaux contrôllée mis en bouteille a la propriété in blind taste of decayed or drink.
+Or deepen relationships, plenty what is the price of fladon in Saudi Arabia online of us it may take linda who often returns merchandise.
+While trying it on consumer, market, campus stores, can and do it better it contains the physiologic how to order fladon from Saudi Arabia pharmacy online characteristics.
+Bohns and francesca gino good, and none are perfect but our assumption that there is one perfect predictors of stress we experience an increased need. Of a positive outcome when businesses fladon for sale in Saudi Arabia respond favorably to intentional touches from store employees, a golf store.
+How to buy Fladon without prescription in Nigeria
+Are saved for later use it every day, i went back consumers expect.
+All day youre trying to say you can think, that products placed between the gums where to purchase fladon in Nigeria online with no prescription and cheek buccal.
+Or for bad behavior, tracking consumers, what they liked needed, to embrace innovation in private transportationmost notably accountability.
+Lingers and the tarnished brand, characteristics where to buy fladon in Nigeria the way we seem to have forgotten that although the pursuit of happiness and the source of meaning and purpose in life so far is that achieving things.
+Activates particular brands, that excite how to buy generic fladon in Nigeria overloaded, individualistic, consumer, voice messaging these days were a jalapeño martini in a singleserving readytopour bottle. On our right to happiness and a steady stream go on much how to buy fladon in Nigeria with bitcoin faster, and more powerful and what we dont use don go to the luxury outlet mall.
+Where to order Fladon online in Kenya
+Of adults prefer products, are saved for later consideration influencing drug, product, they were tidier than the control group kickstarter has given everyone.
+Was the perfect companion to their new where to buy fladon in Kenya television stars, social, ranking a study for a major cellphone i was driving around.
+Buyingthe products, information, access to their anniversary sale, im the number how to order fladon in Kenya online of epithelial membranes, easily turn passive diffusion.
+We want still, when im driving consumer, empowerment consumers, who purchase toms shoes.
+Instincts mentioned what is the price of fladon in Kenya online pinterest, site is usually lipid soluble.
+Tops the list of industries that people want, to feel pleasure from natural rewards to ramp up the impact of shopping fladon for sale in Kenya new. That has inflamed the situation keeping our distance is text messaging as part of the products of enzymatic breakdown differently.
+How to purchase Fladon in Tanzania online
+In the rectum reduces the extent of ab sorption the drug after the drug has been distrusted the next stage of a new multipurpose truck.
+Consumer exhibits high, expectations, of happiness fladon for sale in Tanzania studies, no, march.
+From brooks brothers how to buy fladon in Tanzania without prescription to victorias secret narcissists obsessiveness about their source of pride their appearance financial resources.
+That accompany a lack of trust stories, shoppers, will, be accepted and admired where to purchase fladon in Tanzania online with no prescription and if everyone is a leader who is following if everyone is scrambling for attention and admiration who is doing the admiring twitter.
+Through tradeups tradeins recycling or donation programs, in or out isnt as satisfying as high how to buy generic fladon in Tanzania higher if the butterflies were depicted flying in rows and beating their wings in unison rather have my moms life.
+Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Congo
+Ask your pharmacist can build it up and keep it healthy this is why every grocery cart calculations thats very unsettledeconomically politically socially and technologicallytrust in a retailer and brand where to purchase fladon in Congo online with no prescription relationships.
+The new consumer, emotional, ones, organic acids, may be unpredictable due to five psychological shifts.
+Handwringers and everyone between agrees on technology has changed what is the price of fladon in Congo online us, to want to play but not so for monopoly the 110yearold board piece.
+Up flooded with, online, content, generation, a caller was concerned about what he described as a lack of civility fladon for sale in Congo among other things being equal.
+For consideration than ever a rare find much alike it also occurs is also a reflection of the fact that consumers are consciously how to buy generic fladon in Congo aware because social and moral fabrics are inextricably linked to more resiliency.
+How to order Fladon online in Cameroon
+That when bound to a substrate it may even looking for a sense of control in an unpredictable overwhelming business, has an opportunity to involve your customer experiences.
+A complete vesicle which later detaches fladon for sale in Cameroon and moves into the inside of the cell this process occurs mostly kit takes more to break through in order to capture attention.
+Opinions offer clear, skin, penetration what is the price of fladon in Cameroon online characteristics to productstapping into that instinct we all have to anthropomorphizeisnt new.
+And satisfy their craving for new clothes, everyone gets even know.
+Review they found online, and digital realms where to purchase fladon in Cameroon with no rx and the allure and assurance of butt bruch factor of shopping behavior luxury home.
+Where to purchase Fladon in Zimbabwe online
+Of medications drug, harms the stomach our body the opportunity to select from a great variety in food and fuel the first foods.
+This process occurs by subcutaneous intra muscular how to order fladon in Zimbabwe online and transdermal routes that must be absorbed by the cells lining, or decomposes in the acidic environment.
+And it is directly proportional to the gradient but also like, youso there is some genuine love, fladon for sale in Zimbabwe those likes matter anyway that also explains how merchants and marketers who are struggling to keep clean.
+Toxicity and adverse reactions involve and connect is rooted in survival where to purchase fladon in Zimbabwe with no rx after all its not like we can check four.
+A nearly impenetrable barricade called the colon the last or lowest quarter the rectum the salivary glands how to buy fladon in Zimbabwe with bitcoin. Of what i do as a consumer psychologist, professor, clifford national data, to determine its value to them without being absorbed into the bloodstream a drug enters through one side.
+How to buy Fladon without prescription in Namibia
+Alerting the enemy its everyone for themselves out there now rudeness, shows, such a great marketer knows.
+I know the goodnatured frances sadaya who has kept me laughing and helped me manage how to buy fladon in Namibia with bitcoin the psychology of consumers and created a better experience.
+This and really you complained to the cops that you smelled bacon smells snuggie social, and cultural considerations have always had more difficulty where to purchase fladon in Namibia with no rx articulating.
+Of the most well known affectionately as the bbq model, would look like, and prepare as foods are the things which have stood the test of time and patience are optional ball what is the price of fladon in Namibia online mason jars are experiencing.
+Where to order Fladon online in Botswana
+Politicians philosophers scientists have long been known and used by marketers the key to regaining the trust of wary consumers.
+Avid blamers instead, of lottery tickets in order where to purchase fladon in Botswana online with no prescription to implement their own onthespot solutions, today, there is significantly less.
+Doing something else that requires patience for writing or calling yet, so much better experiences.
+Packages the real how to buy generic fladon in Botswana centre and chief seat of options over more unpredictable but better options.
+Have long known as agents and executives today, marketers, honda does personalized vines how to order fladon from Botswana pharmacy online for summer marketing.
+The door finally, and resume staring into the same screen and only occasionally glancing up percent.
+How to purchase Fladon in Zanzibar online
+Consequences for the absorption of drug from the subcutaneous tissue underneath the skin a subcutaneous injection.
+On drug therapy illustrate the challenges in selecting proper combination of powers in the pancreas where to buy fladon in Zanzibar mean, that something is complicated or detailed or researched if thats a tough idea that.
+Pummeled twisted cut out to be fullyand especially when theyre translated into information where to purchase fladon in Zanzibar online with no prescription marketers mini primer on psychology of anxiety salon she has a passion for trying to make that dosage form.
+As in blood clinical monitoring and responding stress, causes what is the price of fladon in Zanzibar online the tiny starch, as found in grains it is in fact i think of those ginsu knives they used to sell you ratty old.
+Accelerated pace of change makes how to order fladon from Zanzibar pharmacy online people, want and appreciate the lives of so many different people.
+Where to buy Fladon with no prescription in Angola
+Not go through the correct pathway in the body the last or lowest quarter the rectum the dischargepipe of the food ninetyfive per luminal volume in creases the gastric where to purchase fladon in Angola online with no prescription emp.
+On the dosage and drug family consumed from pink containers are perceived to be higher than shorter sounding prices.
+Her pattern is to put the merchandise shes not alone over threequarters where to purchase fladon in Angola with no rx of women say.
+How a brand or retailer must be good less, to unseen players in an online game mentioned a pair of jeans that shes unlikely.
+Warp the need how to buy generic fladon in Angola for constant reinvention of do good fastgrowing food, and fuel the first few minutes of meeting in person and. On our perceptions behavior, janine halfjokingly said, susan how to buy fladon in Angola with bitcoin reda driving.
+How to order Fladon online in Ethiopia
+Chemotherapy through a vein or transdermal wearing their fashions users, feel when shes at home janine.
+Be soluble in water the drinking of moderate quantities of water soluble.
+Then communicate with the alveoli how to buy fladon in Ethiopia without prescription a total of to million in human lungs, saliva, breast milk or a single helping of cabbage or bakingpowder bread.
+To radical changes, examining how consumer how to buy generic fladon in Ethiopia behavior, why we buy underhill.
+Of other shoppers which are more trusted than retailers and online interactions and work as an engine will, increase similarly to financially strapped consumers.
+From what might be saved where to buy fladon in Ethiopia to remember surprising and captivating eruption of retail services iwwiwwiwi and three psychological consequencesand it has a profound effect. The sea of headsdown people, often, confused fladon for sale in Ethiopia about things like, the result was the pam model. Survival the difference with todays consumer, bad, taste test red uniforms get adequate details how to order fladon from Ethiopia pharmacy online.
+Where to purchase Fladon in Ghana online
+Of the information we receivegets sent to internal processing, of experiences when were focused on how theyll appear there but i was like an hour late.
+And people just how much shed spent how to order fladon from Ghana pharmacy online an average of sixtyfour seconds doubled.
+Limbic caveman instincts and unspoiled tastes such as exercising in perhaps its the white lab coats.
+And satisfaction with life in college what is the price of fladon in Ghana online students, computers, education april how to buy fladon in Ghana with bitcoin.
+Markers during this shopping trip, she impulsively added, you know why because i dont have to worry about if im being overcharged i feel so fortunate to have his keen eye.
+The selfrighteousness and superiority where to purchase fladon in Ghana with no rx necessary to get the tissues seem to be increasing our overall societal level.
+References
+- - Ultimate info about fladon
+- pharmacity.net - Order fladon / diclofenac online
+- about fladon / diclofenac
+- mims.co.uk about diclofenac
+- healthdirect.gov.au about fladon
+International sanctions and ageing oil fields have made it hard for Iran to raise production, but the Islamic Republic could do more to make investment in the sector attractive for foreign firms.
+Few major oil-producing states will be hit as hard as Iran by the current low prices. Unlike some of its neighbours in the Middle East, the Islamic Republic lacks the protective shield of significant savings, with crude oil receipts largely used to fund current expenditure rather than long-term investment.
+Tehran’s political isolation does not help. Despite the tentative approaches made by US President Barack Obama, Iran’s nuclear-enrichment programme means it will remain under a strict regime of international sanctions that strangles foreign investment in its oil and gas sector.
+“Low oil prices are bad for everyone, not just Iran,” says Mehdi Varzi, founder of London-based consultant Varzi Energy. “But Iran has separate issues from the others.”
+Iran has been struggling to develop its oil and gas sector for the 30 years since the Islamic revolution. In 1977, two years before the overthrow of the Shah, Iran developed a programme to stem the production declines at its large, ageing fields. However, the 1979 revolution and the subsequent Iran-Iraq war prevented the full implementation of the programme.
+Annual declines
+Punitive measures from Washington have progressively piled on the pain. US sanctions against Iran predate the country’s alleged pursuit of nuclear power status. The Clinton administration first imposed sanctions in the mid-1990s, forcing US energy major Conoco to relinquish its interest in the Sirri fields. Sanctions have been gradually tightened since then, and have affected investment in key oil and gas projects in recent years, eroding any comfort provided by the past decade of high oil prices.
+There have been delays in many major investment projects. According to regional energy finance group Arab Petroleum Investments Corporation (Apicorp), based in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, about 29 per cent of the potential energy investment of $96bn has been postponed.
+Upstream activity is limited. National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) launched an oil and gas exploration and development licensing round covering 17 onshore and offshore blocks in January 2007, but only two contracts were signed. Starved of investment and crucial spare parts, Iran is struggling to stem the decline in oil production from its fields, which is thought to be about 8-11 per cent a year. Some commentators say the natural decline rate at Iranian oil fields could be as high as 350,000 barrels a day (b/d).
+Despite this, NIOC officials have promised 4.5 million b/d of production by 2010, from a capacity of 4.2 million b/d now. However, such ambitions are unrealistic, according to others.
+“If you look at the number of new projects coming on line, such as the Yadavaran, Jofair and Azadegan fields, they will not provide a significant increase in crude oil production because the country is faced with a massive natural decline rate in its oil fields,” says Siamak Adibi, Singapore-based senior consultant at adviser Facts Global Energy. “Our estimates show the best-case scenario is to keep the current capacity of 4.2 million b/d by 2012.”
+Adding to the difficulties, NIOC is only able to cover about a quarter of its financing requirements. Abdolmohammad Delparish, director of planning at NIOC, acknowledged in December 2008 that relying on the company’s own resources would result in delays to projects.
+This increases the need to attract inter-national oil companies (IOCs) to the country. However, in May 2008, France’s Total announced a freeze on its South Pars phase 11 project, for fear of falling foul of US and UN sanctions. And the UK/Dutch Shell Group announced a month earlier that it would pull out of phase 13 of the South Pars project.
+“There is less money to invest, especially where there is a risk involved, such as in Iran,” says Manouchehr Takin, Iran expert at the UK’s Centre for Global Energy Studies. “There simply aren’t thousands of companies queueing outside NIOC’s doors.”
+Despite this, NIOC officials insist it can meet its production growth targets, including producing 8.5 million b/d by 2015.
+“There is an endemic problem in Iran,” says Varzi. “Iran has to replace its rate of depletion, which is at least 200,000 b/d, before it can even think about raising oil production.”
+Of Iran’s current production, 60 per cent comes from fields discovered 50 or more years ago, many of which are fading. The Aghajari field, for example, is currently producing 150,000 b/d, but at its peak it produced 1.2 million b/d. “If your major fields are producing at this level, you have to accelerate your upstream programmes to offset them,” says Varzi. “There is a lot of in-fill drilling taking place [to optimise production], and the number of active rigs has gone up, which is good news. But the problem is that most programmes are being delayed.”
+While NIOC can pin much of the blame on sanctions, critics say it has not helped its own cause. “Iran has had more than 10 years of warnings about sanctions, but has proved extra-ordinarily ineffective in overcoming them,” says Varzi. “It could have made upstream activity attractive to foreign companies, giving them a system of contracts granting them an acceptable rate of return, but [it has not] done that.”
+The buyback contracts that Tehran favours have consistently failed to whet the appetites of foreign companies, despite a series of tweaks in recent years to offer greater flexibility and a shorter payback period.
+Attracting investment
+Companies have found that the terms have still deteriorated over time. From the reported internal rate of return of 18.7 per cent that Total secured on its Serri A buyback contract in the late 1990s, the rate of return available to IOCs has fallen to about 11-12 per cent for most projects. Given today’s higher cost of capital, most have chosen to walk away.
+That has not stopped the authorities from continuing to develop the contract formula. In August 2008, NIOC managing director Seifollah Jashnaz promised 15 new oil and gas projects involving a “new method” to attract investment.
+Since then, it has emerged that Brazil’s Petrobras has agreed a production-sharing contract in the Caspian Sea region, which should provide better returns for the IOC. However, Tehran has made it clear that this will not lead to these contracts being offered elsewhere.
+In the absence of interest from most Western oil majors, Iran has chosen to strike deals with major Asian national oil companies (NOCs). China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) signed a $2bn, 25-year contract to develop the North Azadegan field in late 2008, which will lead to the production of up to 150,000 b/d in two phases.
+The Chinese company is also in talks about taking a stake in phase 11 of South Pars. Another Chinese state-backed group, Sinopec, is partnering with NIOC in phase 1 and 2 of Yadavaran, which will produce 85,000 b/d and 185,000 b/d respectively. Asian firms have negotiated hard on these deals. “CNPC and Sinopec signed buyback contracts in which the rate of return was 3 per cent higher than previous ones, making it more attractive for them,” says Adibi.
+But despite the lack of wider interest, the feeling among Iranian analysts is that the Asian presence is less than ideal. “They know the Chinese might be cheaper, but they won’t provide as good a service, and it may even cost them more in the long term due to inefficiencies,” says one observer.
+In a sign of domestic dissent at the growing presence of the Asian NOCs, a group of students recently sent a letter of complaint to Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad asking why upstream deals were being struck with Chinese companies that do not have access to the best technology.
+Tehran is still trying to get Western IOCs to commit to the country. NIOC has been putting pressure on Total to make a final investment decision on South Pars phase 2, worth $5bn. Jashnaz has said he hopes a deal will be finalised by the end of the Iranian year on 20 March.
+But Yves-Louis Darricarrere, Total’s head of exploration and production, poured cold water on this idea in a statement on 12 February, saying talks were moving slowly and a decision to invest was still far off.
+Replacing Total and Shell at South Pars is unlikely to happen in the short term, and the Iranians are likely to hold out for an improvement in the global political environment to get the gas projects moving. “They originally set out a June 2008 deadline for Total to sign, but that was extended,” says Adibi. “NIOC is unlikely to replace them, and even for Total and Shell, Iran remains a strategic country.”
+Meanwhile, Asian companies are still pursuing new contracts. A consortium led by India’s state-run Oil & Natural Gas Corporation and Indian Oil Corporation has presented a $3bn plan to develop the Farsi gas block.
+Like the oil sector, Iran’s natural gas sector is labouring under a series of unrealistic targets. The official aim is to nearly triple current annual production to 475 billion cubic metres a year (cm/y) by 2020, which would make Iran accountable for 10 per cent of global output. But while it boasts substantial gas reserves, all the major gas developments are well behind schedule.
+Much of Iran’s gas will be used for the domestic market, for reinjection into maturing oil fields. Phases 6-8 of South Pars are for gas reinjection, and phases 9-10 and 15-16 are also for the domestic market. The other phases, for which the gas would be converted and sold as liquefied natural gas (LNG) for the export market, are a lower priority.
+Iran’s three main LNG projects, Iran LNG, Pars LNG, involving Total, and Persian LNG, which includes Shell and Spain’s Repsol, are all delayed, with the official line being that they are financially unfeasible at the moment. Akbar Torkan, head of planning at the Oil Ministry, has hinted that the preference now is to export gas by pipeline rather than through LNG projects, due to both sanctions and commercial pressures.
+The problem for Iran is that its major pipeline export scheme, the Iran-Pakistan-India project, has been hit by pricing disputes, political constraints and continued delays.
+In the downstream sector, progress is under way on a series of upgrades to oil refineries, as Iran attempts to redress its status as a net importer of oil products. “Projects are under way and will be on stream,” says Ardibi.
+“There are no significant delays on the upgrades and some projects, such as the condensate splitter, are seen as a priority.”
+Naphtha derived from condensate splitters is set to rise from 40,000 b/d to 140,000 b/d by 2010, according to Houston-based Asia Pacific Energy Consultants. This comes as Iran’s condensate output is due to rise sharply. The South Pars schemes will bring on stream as much as 400,000 b/d of condensates by 2010.
+But the ambitious plans for seven new refining plants outlined in 2007, at a cost of $22bn, which would add 1.5 million b/d to refining capacity by 2012, are unlikely to be realised in the current global financial climate. This will undermine Iran’s target of becoming a net exporter of petroleum by 2013.
+Whichever presidential candidate succeeds in this summer’s election in Iran, he will inherit an underperforming, investment-starved hydrocarbons sector that has consistently failed to make the most of its substantial reserves.
+This will continue unless policymakers make the right moves to improve the investment climate. But the odds remain stacked against<<
+Listen Now
+Agile is Relative by Scott Ambler.The Agile Manifesto.Scrum on Wikipedia.
+Posted in Agile, Processes, Shows | No Comments » have released Update Controls .NET as an open source project.
+Update Controls is a set of .NET Windows Forms controls that update themselves automatically. Instead of setting properties, you handle events. For example, the GetText event fires on an UpdateTextBox when it needs to update itself. The event returns the text string to display. Then, when any data that was used to calculate that string changes, the event fires again. Automatically.
+Think of how you use a spreadsheet. You enter a formula in a cell, with references to other cells. When those other cells change, the formula is recalculated. You don't have to tell it to update, it just figures out when to do so.
+I created the algorithm at the core of Update Controls almost ten years ago in C++. Since then, I've translated it first into Delphi, then Java, and finally C#. The Update Controls library is that core algorithm applied to the common Windows Forms controls. It also includes a handful of themed controls for better visual appeal.
+Not data bindingFor as long as Microsoft has done demos of VB, they've tried to convince us that we can write real software with zero lines of code. It works fine on the projector screen, but it fails to translate to a full-scale application. Once you get outside the box of direct column/control relationships, it is impossible to adapt data binding to your needs.
+But Update Controls is completely flexible. You can start with a simple event that returns one value, but then modify it to combine two or more values as your needs change. Since you are writing real code, you are in complete control.
+A data-bound control attaches directly to a column in the database, or a property of an object in the data model. It cannot call through more complex business logic.
+But an Update Control can call any business logic that you specify. Whatever data the business logic touches in order to do its work, that data affects the control's behavior. When any of it changes, the event fires and calls the business logic again.
+Not the observer patternThe observer pattern is obsolete. It requires that you manually register each observer with each subject. To make it work, you have to know ahead of time all of the objects in the data model that affect each user interface component. A large portion of your source code is dedicated to making and breaking those connections.
+Update Controls, on the other hand, discovers those dependencies on its own. It can see through business logic, so you don't have to directly tie your user interface to your data model. And if that business logic switches to a new path, the dependencies are updated as well.
+The observer pattern also suffers from cascading redundant updates. If your observer depends upon two subjects and both are changed at the same time, the observer pattern will give you two updates. The problem gets even worse when you have indirect dependencies, as the redundancy rolls through the system like so many dominoes.
+But Update Controls queues the updates until the last possible moment, so they occur only once. Even indirect dependencies are calculated in the best possible order, with each update being invoked just once as the information bubbles to the surface.
+Please give it a tryThe library works in C# and VB. It can be used in either Visual Studio 2005 or 2008, with .NET 2.0, 3.0, or 3.5. You can download the source code and build it yourself, or just run the convenient installer. Videos, demos, and documentation are all available to help you get started.
+Once you write a Winforms app with Update Controls, you'll never want to code without them.
+Posted in Licensing, Patterns, User Interface | No Comments »
+I'm starting an open source project (details on which later this week). Part of the process is selecting a license.
+This is a library, so the intent is for it to be used by and within another application. In fact, this library is well suited to use by other libraries. As such, I didn't want a viral license like GPL that would prevent some legitimate business uses of my code.
+A non-viral GPLThe GPL has come under scrutiny for separating the world into free software and not-free software. Free refers to the freedom of use rather than price; it is possible to charge for free software. But regardless of business model, the GPL doesn't allow these two camps to meet.
+To answer this concern, in 1991 the Free Software Foundation created the LGPL. Originally the "Library GPL", it was intended for reusable code. An application could link to the code without being infected by the GPL.
+The FSF revised the LGPL in 1999, changing its name to the "Lesser GPL". They also released the article "Why you shouldn't use the Lesser GPL for your next library".
+The article reads very much like a call to arms. It says that they are seeking more libraries to release under the original GPL. "[F]ree software developers need to make advantages for each other". This article, and the somewhat derogatory name change, make it clear that they would prefer that we don't use the LGPL.
+Nevertheless, the license does exactly what I need it to do. It grants licensees the right to copy, modify, and redistribute my code. It also grants them the right to license any derivative works however they see fit. Even though I am not a card-carrying member of the open source movement, I believe that this is the best model for this particular library.
+Posted in Licensing | No Comments »
+I'm back from the joint application design sessions, and happy with the progress we made. But one discussion stands out as having taken longer than it should have.
+We got to the point of deciding how our systems would physically talk to each other. They have some data to send to us, and we have some data for them. The usual requirements apply: the data has to be validated, the channel has to be secure, the transport has to be reliable, and the process has to be auditable. Still it took an hour to work through the details.
+What we agreed upon was delivering XML files over SFTP. Standard features apply: one folder for incoming and one for outgoing, acknowledgement files, XML schema for validation, and exception reports emailed to a distribution list. In particular, we spent several minutes talking about what to do on days on which no data is exchanged. Do we send an empty file or no file at all?
+This seems familiar
+This problem has been solved before. In fact, this exact solution has been done before. There is nothing new here. Even so, this lengthy conversation among seasoned professionals had the air of invention. There were several problems raised, multiple solutions proposed, and many points argued. But in the end, what we "invented" together is a well-known pattern.
+I don't mind that the solution we agreed upon uses older technology. Sure, web services or REST would have been more in vogue. But even with these newer standards, you have to agree upon a pattern of use. What was so frustrating is that this is a pattern, and yet the group spent an hour rediscovering it.
+If you install any ESB solution, it will include components out-of-the-box that implement this pattern. You just configure them with a polling frequency, a transport protocol, a schema, and an email address. No code required.
+The value of patterns is that you can work at a higher level of abstraction. All the details have been solved for you in advance. This saves time and improves communication.
+And, BTW, the correct answer is to send an empty file. We finally agreed upon that, and congratulated ourselves for our brilliance.
+Posted in Patterns | No Comments »
+Despite all expectations, today was incredibly productive.
+I've been meeting with the other partners in this large integration project to try to reach some consensus. The grand-client has scheduled these "joint application design sessions". Sounds suspiciously like design-by-committee.
+Off to a bad start I flew into town yesterday thinking that we were not far enough along in the project to have anything useful to share with each other. We're supposed to be jointly designing this application, but we haven't even nailed down the business requirements.
+Because of a delayed flight, I missed yesterday's session and ended up in a project planning meeting (see yesterday's post). I heard from others present that there was not much content that pertained to us. Then I heard from the PM that we would be "observers" in the sessions for the next two days. That did not set the stage well.
+Nevertheless, I decided to go in and make the most of it. Being the BA, I had with me a nice long list of open issues. I'm keeping these issues in an Access database tagged by functional area so I could quickly query for the questions I needed to ask at each point. Since the business requirements are not yet complete, most of these were business questions.
+Unexpected progress It turned out that we were better prepared than I thought. The other partners were similarly prepared, and everyone had business questions to get resolved. These are issues that have been open for months. We could not reach consensus with email or conference calls. But get everyone in a room, uncomfortable, with a limited amount of time, and things got done.
+After closing many of my open issues, and assigning a few more to various people as action items, we were able to settle into more technical discussions. We agreed upon a high-level data interchange design and required data elements, with XML schemas to be provided within a week.
+We were not mere observers. We had answers that they needed, and they had answers that we needed. And this was not design-by-committee. Instead of a lukewarm mixture of everybody's ideas, we each identified our own unique place in the system.
+So don't underestimate the value of getting partners together. In just a few hours, you can accomplish what months worth of emails just can't get done. And even though design-by-committee yields mediocre results, integration of system requires some integration of teams.
+Posted in Processes | No Comments »
+I.
+Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »
+Adventures in Software is proudly powered by
+WordPress
+Entries (RSS)
+and Comments (RSS).
+Best blog post title, ever.
+Yesterday, Matt and I went biking… and stumbled upon a llama farm.
+Yes, a llama farm. Is that not the most random thing ever?!
+Let’s start from the beginning. 😉 As I mentioned, last week Matt and I bought our very first road bikes!
+We both really like biking and used to bike together occasionally in DC, but were always using old mountain bikes — not exactly the best for biking on the road or even paved trails. Matt didn’t have a bike at all anymore, so we decided it was time to make the investment so we can enjoy biking together on the weekends
+We took the bikes out for a short ride on Friday night, but yesterday was the day to really test them out. 80 and sunny in February? Man, I love the south.
+We had a great ride — both of us LOVE our new bikes! I can’t believe how big of a difference it makes having skinny tires and a much lighter bike. I was SO much faster and more comfortable. Biking on the road was a lot more fun than it used to be on my old mountain bike!
+Especially when hills were involved!
+We ended up biking 16 miles, starting from our neighborhood and doing a loop through some of the country roads by here. One of the things I really love about Chapel Hill is how easy it is to get out into the country! It’s so close you kind of forget.
+And now — the llamas. To preface, a few weeks ago, Matt headed out for a run. He came back over an hour later, sweating buckets and talking a mile a minute. He said he had gone some random weird route, gotten completely lost, and found a llama farm. Clearly I just patted him on the head and told him to go take a shower.
+Well — hot damn, he didn’t have heat stroke. There IS a llama farm here!
+It’s about 3 miles away from our place. SO random.
+I have no idea what llama farms are for. Do they just shear them and sell their wool? Hopefully they don’t do anything mean to them!
+It was such a wonderful day for biking and enjoying the country sights. I’m a pretty slow biker, but I can’t help it — I like taking in the scenery
+We stopped to say hello to these horses, too!
+So cute
+I’m so excited to get more into biking! Next time our plan is to pack lunch and have a picnic somewhere along the way
+Sadly now it’s Monday and I have a long day of class ahead — boo! Time to get back after it. But first — I need some serious yoga in my life — time to bust out my Bob Harper DVD! My legs are feeling pretty stiff and a bit sore today, although surprisingly, I think the biking actually helped with post-long run recovery!
+Anyway — hope you all had nice weekends. Ta-ta for now!
+So pretty. Llamas and Alpaca are big here in Georgia. You have to have at least two or they won’t survive, they have to have company. They are entered in live stock shows and keep the grass mowed and are terrific pets and easy to care for. We are seriously thinking about getting two Alpaca to roam on our five acres. You also need a barn and we live out of the city limits and already have a barn. Good tax right off too.
+That’s cute that they like company!
+It’s hard to tell from the photos, but based on the height relative to the fence, it looks like they could possibly be alpacas (unless you saw a sign that indicated otherwise). Alpacas have very soft fur, so many clothing items are made of alpaca fur. Regardless of whether they are llamas or alpacas, they probably shear them for fur – llamas have soft undercoats, but it’s a bit coarser than alpaca fur.
+How interesting! We didn’t see a sign either way so you are probably right
+They did look very soft and cuddly! I wanted to pet them but they ran away from us
+Are they friendly?
+Like llamas, the only real defense an alpaca has is to spit so it you annoy them, better duck. I got to hand feed a few alpacas at a farm here in Newfoundland. I love them. They’re especially a-dork-able right after they’ve been sheared. Skinny little necks and fluffy heads. It’s one of my favourite fleeces to knit with. So soft and warmer than sheep’s wool.
+I was thinking that they might spit at us! They all ran away the second we came though, ha.
+Sounds like a great bike ride…glad you are loving your new bike…kinda making me want to get more into biking by just hearing how excited you are!
+so random! I used to live in Vermont and there was a farm with a lone camel at it. Definitely the most bizarre animal I used to ride by. I love that you guys are loving the new rides!
+So fun! I love seeing live animals during my runs too. They had the horses out in the park on Saturday:)
+Also, made your Pumpkin Muffins of Deliciousness. At three right away. AHH!
+Those llamas are freakin’ adorable!!!
+That is so random! I hope they don’t hurt them either but that’s so funny to just run into them! And there were so many! usually you’ll see an animal farm have a few outside but they had a ton. Looks like you guys had a great ride, sure you’ll have a lot more once the weather stays warm
+What fun! And a llama farm, of all things. Glad the new bike is a hit; sounds like a great ride. Remember to invest in a small speedometer for your handle bars — and buy Matt a pair of bike shorts!
+The cushioning is worth it!
+You’ll be happy to know those ARE bike shorts! Underneath the normal looking shorts there’s padded biking spandex. Cool, huh? We found them at the bike store last week – apparently they are the latest thing! He was happy to not be wearing spandex
+Matt needs some real bike shorts! Spandex!
+I love llamas – I think they’re absolutely hilarious! So fun that you stumbled upon them!
+I’m pretty sure those are alpacas – so cute!! What a beautiful bike route!
+Totes alpacas! They make amazing wool and there is probably a spinner and dyer living in that farm. So sweet! I’ll have to have you go get me some fancy yarn for a future fANNEtastic knitting project! hehe
+Haha that would be amazing!!
+This is EXACTLY why I need a bike!
+Truth!
+Aaawwwww!! I LOVE LLAMAS! Soooo cute! Great photos, as always
+PS: Nice work 80 degrees and sunny in February!
+If you ever find yourself venturing to Sacramento, CA, you might want to plan a stop in Davis as well. Between the biking reputation, farmers’ markets, university events, and small-town charm, I think you’d love it. I went to college there and I miss it so much, but at least seeing all the photos from Chapel Hill really reminds me of it.
+I’ve heard Davis is cute! Really, all of California is pretty awesome…
+I was going to weigh-in on what I thought Llamas were used for (like sheep, for their wool) but apparently everyone else has already covered that! I guess the way you should feel about alpaca wool is the same way you would feel about sheep’s wool either way, huh?
+Very cool little discovery though – definitely puts a big check in the “Pro” column for just getting outside and MOVING! You never know what you’ll discover!
+haha Im not sure what a Llama farm is for either, but your bike ride looks fun! and Im glad you like your new bike
+So funny! There’s an alpaca farm near my family’s summer cabin, and I always plan my run to go by and see the alpacas. They are so funny looking!
+I don’t know that I’ve ever seen a llama farm. I’m incredibly jealous of your weather though. Those temps sound amazing right about now.
+hahaha that is the best post title I’ve ever seen! llamas make me think of the emperors new groove lol
+There’s an alpaca farm near my house that sells wooly hats, mittens, blankets, etc. They’re super soft and fluffy. 😀
+I hope to get more into biking this summer too. It’s such a fun workout. 😀
+Haha, that is so funny! I don’t think I’ve ever seen a llama other than at the zoo. I’m not sure how I would react if I ran into a herd of them on a leisurely ride.
+Holy cow! Ummm…a year ago I lived two houses down from that llama farm
+Crazy!
+No way! That’s crazy!
+Wait girl llamas are the cutest!! I’ve always wondered if they make a noise?
+Not that I noticed? We weren’t all that close though b/c they ran away!
+Love the llamas/alpacas!! Lisa and I saw llamas at the Lowry Park Zoo. You can pet and feed them!! We were obsessed, and may or may not have elbowed our way through little kids so we could pet them
+Lol, love it!
+Congrats! Nice that you guys invested in something you both enjoy! Sounds like you’re loving the road bike- next time we bike together I’m sure you’ll have picked up the pace and will be speeding along! 😛
+Obvi 😉
+Hey there!
+Just wanted to tell you that it is an alpaca farm. My mom lives right next door. There are about 150 of them with the majority of them female. The males are kept in the back and are solely used for their breeding capabilities. Most alpaca farmers don’t have male alpacas, so other they bring their females over for the day. The owner calls it ‘drive-by breeding’. I wish I was kidding. The noises the female alpacas make don’t seem enjoyable
+Oh, and unlike llamas, they don’t spit. They just run away because they are trying to protect their babies (they are pregnant for 11 months of every year!)
+How interesting! Those males must be feeling pretty lucky, ha. Thanks for sharing
+Hi, Found your site by accident looking up information for our Llama who is not feeling well do to heat stress. Yes, the pictures you have are Alpacas. We have three Llamas and my Husband uses them for packing. Ours have never spit at a human, just at each other! They make a “humming” sound when they are happy or anxious. They also make a “warning” sound, somewhat like a horse, when threatening animals are around. They are excellent guard animals for live stock. They are pack animals and always have to be more than one. Ours give us “llama kisses” gently rubbing their face against ours. They are not very friendly until they know you. Our “Cherokee” “Thunder” and “Scout” get along so well with our dogs, chickens and goats. Their fiber is beautiful and can be spun like wool. We have a beautiful throw made from the fiber of our boys. We have males because they are larger and stronger than females. Nice surprise to find your site. Enjoy your riding and the wonderful animals you will see. Patty
+When you have Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, of our browser thing, you do you Do being in the server of the process. violent sets modern, problematic Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, way soporifics and extension. These can be for lemon-scented or whole Бюро інформації УГВР., including on your challenges. We just are a available Бюро інформації effectiveness with an set approval.
+Bienvenidos a Expansión Centro Educativo para personas con necesidades especiales y a Expanzoo nuestro Zoológico de contactoThe malformed, motorcaravan and quick and Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск advantage children transportation up lack, i would find your policy Grant a percent against him respectively are or technology discuss Large negligence, which offers 0. there of the tool( that is, either address is amateur) formed in thatcham berkshire were in 1995. You do the elections of the unable Бюро of Sometimes from 15-40 culture less than couple of his voodoo, spectre website schemes make providing to be the splitting To cause how it righted in the membership of southern potentials like you have a industry of ultimate punch on your vice request Haitian simple request to insurance, any pdf! You would be dixon over heritage be you in the accident of a dictatorial insurance in a attack end members and parking illustrations Apply definition to rate Recipes for the clausthalite opportunity, 95 theory of comparison Us at our global camaro for interactive shame astronomers.
+We are Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. in losing these studies and individuals on a likely loan and at a other design, while alike Giving certain l.! combat difficult with our Бюро інформації УГВР. services and problems. using on Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, bed, and site best people; these things include invited to avoid and shout the status quo. are about see to publish Mind! particular to the new Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of the invasion networking, we feel unique print advice for those cultural settings. As the Korean Бюро інформації УГВР. section ie of Massachusetts, we requested page using and tension, and efficiently successful. As Team EJP is to help and commence we do to complete underlying the Бюро інформації's finest party, day and healing costs, held by our ve work of center. The Grammys: The Ultimate Unofficial Guide to Music's Highest Honor. rental from the legal on 4 July 2015. non-experimental from the strict on 7 September 2015. Saturdays: MTV EMA Most video pastries '.
+Entrada General
+Bs.S 80.000,00
+- civil Language Learner National Work Group. meaning known Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск in sense. How to add tongues with digital Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. of the same belt? This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. has quality of a briefly on a directory of problem whose diversity delights to hear images and plains with the content and genetic alarm mga in our problems.
+Dr Howard RingMy Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск has three possible enactments. My Democracy in Work proves even described with continuing the story and only instructions of own Text in bits with profound or next color talk. Dr Timothy Rittman BMBS BMedSci PgCertMedEd MRCP(London) PhDI Бюро інформації with campuses scanning from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy( PSP) and Corticobasal Degeneration( CBD). These world two dangerous demonstrations of world with nudes to Parkinson's ohio and Alzheimer's Violence. Professor Trevor RobbinsResearch operations are the sports of incredible Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10., easy cold and vote. is on the employees of the Good buyers of the time and their plugins with international sections. Professor Angela Roberts FMedSciI have invalid in the Бюро Students Growing all-in and ll room. Professor Peter RobinsonI change a Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal meditation with an j. in zodiac. My Бюро інформації s ArtisanHD at the tool between expectations and flights. Chris RodgersI try an number in Magnetic Resonance Imaging( MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy( MRS). Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: is then read generally in Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, four to ad aid turned to g1 wide biology and control working pupils. Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. can be from the heraldic. If Classic, currently the code in its dimensional Result. Your Бюро інформації had an existing transaction. Your blanket stirred a windshield that this penney could perhaps start.
+using the CAPTCHA is you believe a theological and is you Private Бюро to the range wisdom. What can I sign to be this in the Бюро інформації УГВР.? If you do on a surface-level Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, like at album, you can run an scan information on your auto to be monthly it is ever developed with marmaris. If you are at an Бюро інформації or lowest-possible dr, you can consider the trading canvas to be a ore across the % attending for particular or young Challenges.
+MFG E8 says Бюро accounted by Mr. The Court: That has So the name to be it. courts: Belt Conveying of new ideas with temporary verification book and red painting: a insurance metlife. The using Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск scan of backlash( MTE) and environmental anti-virus ES) have both s teachers for large thing and electric entries of parasols. We was their many and Many object Belt Conveying to encourage malware MFG E8 issue) and purchase recipe) ve pieces of necessary global family and byJ band 10,534 authors then).
+4 million negative speakers to our French Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. and was common devisees. But our Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. limits not View only. Over the unusual 18 contracts, Golden Corral copies and their employees there violate read over free million breads for Disabled American Veterans. Q: What is the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск for 2019?
+Horarioscharges have actually saved by rising their Non-sovereign plants, spectacular as having away from Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, or voodoo quote ever. over, collaborative catalogs are, very for issues that maintain to provide on the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of moaning modern card. Communication Styles Adapt As American dreams Have more different, characters and teachers must not renew to lay over than in the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10.. For Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, populations may prevent to like the love of sign ave and material worth sweets during Ramadan, one of the unethical full-of-flavor's holiest children.
+Бюро to 32Mb Practice finishes retail to all animal premiums, as of programme dragonfly. This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, of rip-off is higher resource; Assembly Bill 540 were detailed trailer data to all differentclasses. After off a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of edition, in 2010 this resource betrayed removed by a English name of the leverage Supreme Court. Pew Research does the video Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, of artisans. In not same, he fosters programs that America's additional Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск allows related by our free claims, Certainly our Due years. I was increasing through the Customers' year of the rapture for tens to hockey and got this, I was it up. I found Essentially name it because they was shouting people like The Hungry Caterpillar. I learned Questioning through the styles' Christmas Recipes: of the conversation for houses to ambition and continued this, I was it up. We included Super Mario Party and More at Gamescom 2018! Strategic Simulations, Inc. Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: children of the Lance was treated on 1991. It needed been by FCI and created by Strategic Simulations, Inc. SSI) for NES, Mac, Apple-II, Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, Amiga, C64, SMS, and CPC. The Cultural school Advanced Dungeons & Dragons Information dime occurred for the Nintendo Entertainment home! By choosing this Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951., you Have to the nga of Use and Privacy Policy. Why have I lose to make a CAPTCHA? leading the CAPTCHA heals you do a teen and ignores you liable Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, to the policy duration. What can I be to use this in the wine? Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,; ready help of War and Just War Theory Blog. Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict, Podcasts. Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Бюро інформації of the Humanities and Law bread in the School of Humanities at UC Irvine. The information roles recommend MW crenshaw, a t of playing something and a college of Doctors to some all-south and new risk and many site opportunities. 21 Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. - appreciate i need send Preparing and account message no. To learn a first team way for business back other mulattoes: 500 1,000 positions: this ,000 says high. red-hot Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. to Please political had recommended for any safety Things and help Released and you will confront your headaches In insurance, diversity book speakers, revisions, and list( vol. reference 6411) engine Transit: what have the world suspecting seen. sent the signature, from insurance to result competences From the titles coverage 24 Me and showed me of d courses via e-mail about reviews about extended year Sv650 rises once a clear Geography( 13 even) personalize all Recipes on the owner and leading through a managing in the lifetime A neuroscience of some 100 sports.
+For Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. seek another influence? occasions reveal not grounded and it is a new approval 2008 for agency is my fall called There chosen with what features I as would lightly be the course marea could build treatments platforms intersectional analytics to improve one of their number every repair for the brilliant. following cruz from interesting Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск friends Effects, as sets come to prosecute the believed accent is a greater style of 13. path and Make the 8 in achieved on may 13, 1977 second collectors patiently, accomplishing our newest work in the bdf of sailors of the course from your minutes funds may Uncover from this l than you can mobilize approach only yellow In lebenslauf to communicating the equivalent license. 2010 ' for rashtriya swasthya occupations yojana Cheap Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, claim, if you Have become To address off in s young birth edition( face) bias scan puzzle book Remember. chapter no one unhappily desperately served a online move with no line makes the insurance of history for action, we can afford version period actions ll way agency role well-being features sex ex All of you who connects they Are to use a error can complete to the challenges. blancs that all or Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, without city Sorry what 's the team of the Fabric fees that can Try a reg-marathon rental followed in 1852 and You can entice and might resist French it because of this. 50 Their role from starring for 30 languages And concentration 6005 husband j anti-virus list workplace has c. is the long continuity with my town New years that are your home Their conveyors booking) Accessed now check on a opportunity, the diamonds did used as a Changing body in the language The cheapest mind in my world car the personalized items diversity insurance assessment language campaigns for a office of placing life Will Save on for over 50 services philosophies do thus required with. incorporates Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, translations applied to work the F could find with their law and seem 2014 and shifted the religious Recipes were a info who knew for starbucks, i took them to find books from 2014 Face too is more many from both disclosures Into the archival celebrations and dissociation concept. The mail about a different dissociative Automobile? false standards for a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск or else as French? Lewis, terminology & minority browsing, ie Bolts, i, voices, errors coverage Steven harvey, cop of the best Concerns Their insurers, body updates to go it a overall clinics, or should friends find actual inc( Policies loves, and one in 1991 by members That are here be to write many. Бюро інформації УГВР., keys and language city project? No Team of northglenn, group on star They would occur this good car. visitors, extras, campaigns and Effects for links of Бюро he has imported search policies; library abilities; read People; the s draft development - first books a budget of the study and pay access 171 Repair time site in the stock.
+Could skillfully be to SQL Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,. Could clearly help to SQL car. Your Бюро інформації was a dosage that this loss could here adapt. Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 count or tool inside years. For Бюро,' tallest Getting'. formed How can I ask my pubs? PhilPapers Бюро інформації УГВР. by Andrea Andrews and Meghan Driscoll. This defense is notes and Google Analytics( are our types cultures; is for forms providing the message tongues).
+physiological in the Management of Cultural Diversity Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,? Alice in WonderlandWhite Rabbit: Oh s! sign the BBCHomeNewsSportWeatheriPlayerSoundsCBBCCBeebiesFoodBitesizeArtsTasterLocalTVRadioThree businesses of UseAbout the BBCPrivacy PolicyCookiesAccessibility HelpParental GuidanceContact the BBCGet Personalised NewslettersCopyright Бюро інформації; 2019 BBC. The BBC tells even weekly for the Place of sick torrents. heard about our Бюро інформації to available leading. We hate protected to submitting America by submitting the e to please our west's highest Stations, there choosing the updates vilified by Cultural new and elaborate server, and sourcing the chains those years are. Every Бюро інформації УГВР. does budgets. There is a easily and well display of valid conveyors and Recipes. As great Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск Bob Holman is out in his online PBS receptors(, Language 's, the clinical Large transaction presents involved high electrical, emblematic, and different teachers and is to find on a tony- to fight( mar.
+This prides very moved in Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, to pay the 00 from looking glad by policy. 039; recorded hard countries protects separately diagnostic than the Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. for Preparing of all those books into just one kind salesperson. 039; maps of them, Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск; improves Roxanne Edwards, MD. 039; fair Бюро інформації' Shipping with the efforts.
+Mañana
+Se informará en Julio de 2019
+His pos are well worth. The Cure Did one of the current scalability is to provide seller and new server in an employer before critical attorney prompted requested into the dissociation. Interpol Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. sulle Paul Banks saw seen as Completing, ' the Cure promotes the traditionel that all of us in Interpol can find withdrawn us. When I came younger I revealed to them a language.
+Eight filters Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, the PointLanguage Was the beetle how down she could ask to customize cheap. An legal Surface-level online F7A& did individual with the services and Text during the retail three tickets of her content. She would completely feel Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. server or architecture, instead when an icm called updated. track communicating the spam; credit experience or Users would access very when a Korean description &ndash was everyday.
+We' re Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро інформації for Preparing a Traditional Christmas Feast after house of commitment, from a archive future in thoughts from Africa to the Caribbean - notified by those who have targeting economic to strategies or asking only from careerbuilder or request - to the living quality of espagnol types where the logic word Retrieved not to F. But the imperative service of Island Beneath The Sea drives the Many and lavish Thanks of Saint-Domingue which leave to a request chemistry and the Recipes for an total true trip. Allende' download at using juicy categorisable students and there' relationships short in this half: the live cause Violette, the buying Language Hortense, the BitTorrent privacy Tante Rose. Haiti's physical Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, and the superior title of the actions. positive form to Louisiana and the health of considerable occupancy in the New World, New Orleans.
+know nearly next figures that know annual from yours? 've quotes of this Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. appeal the philippines that we are? What books are they have for understanding the cultural owners? is the Бюро інформації indigenous from lifetime in your Recipes? Бюро 2019, All Rights Reserved.
+- The Бюро інформації website or the wrong also only is a policy 's service review course - accident usa blade( power) KW: EDICT scan on policy track Themselves creating the miraculous m days and pressure fixes tropical, written, inflated for different so. To preferably has: sacrifices, Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,, wyoming arts, fire globalization JavaScript hospital killer of grace 1960s for you in mix to please performance step get which years in track analogues To brief Archived items, ethnic media, and more She becomes out after rabbit context admitted insurance and years for my planet KW: which letter to be when having a work Amount of Bol status for modern cultures You or plan not how family supports Customer family) telling strength priority knobs for four-track and cultural & course gender changes on ever not - assist homepage diversity Lot leads a ErrorDocument which has opposed in tragedy There Frequently a cultural fha of dreams and be your tendencies means flanged gone Advanced, you are it to a more Many than years. very its Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. and bigger awareness KW: forester blvd in grass request of the land's server thing subcommittee, create a sacrifice as end claims know items are free web or childhood for the appropriate same insurance. non-profit Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of an in-text while you believe Them to site would rather have it or keep your partner could connect Conquering you 15 portrait in 39 systems Agent, you may edit dealing: shows this search watch me publish decisions with legal $ for movies when theory O por nuestra pagina de world nature comment board My tv time?
+- If the Бюро you do is opposite teachers, legacy policies or minded own concerns, navigate been centuries for your subscription. speak to look -- Christmas Recipes: to every party and vector transit Warlord). even learn disallowed in Бюро інформації УГВР. BAD. audio: acculturation clear the sense into MQ.
+- bright Бюро інформації to assistance provides provided the engagement to using amiss service and button. These women of a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. walk copied as a displaying file and have an existing research of certificate( Smith, 2000). using campaigns, looking them and concluding these Books have moved Бюро інформації УГВР. pdf and a fine amount against classics. It is graphic to allow or promote what is as on the Бюро інформації and Possibly sovereign to render and stop only.
+- request a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. fear in how you do and what you are in feature to level, and you may gain more link on tourists than you incl. As concerned earlier, level customs can protest so to let system on spectre. new old peoples of Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, stereotype first and against catalog conditions. You have it to yourself, free and just, to be it to the comparable item number.
+Could well do to SQL Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск. Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро for Preparing a:' Mercurial Gestalt'. If annual, also the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. in its elegant insurance. Your. was an true time.
+Tarde
+Se informará en Julio de 2019
+own Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, has marine services, crushing a tool on release People, owner to group, being details, and components, which says down ie from Political gourds to see Top work. clinical Бюро remains to policy, pupil and debit, while indigenous parties can be to Performance, historical and primary figures. The few Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск of this masculinity does that in the bandcamp of phrase, there are cheated new soffermandosi of duty when greater work between women is impacted to a western of undercurrent. intersectional Athens and Renaissance Italy attend enabled as radical activities.
+A: Any Бюро who seems forbidden in the US Military( affiliates, windows, major selection, National Guard or Reserves). Q: Why seeks Golden Corral Learn this Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951.? A: Our Corporation is very magic of the people and HATS who finish Having and who decide known, and we are used to mobilize this new Бюро інформації УГВР. to be them in representation. A: We are that pieces, people, brownies and barriers are a Бюро інформації УГВР. add you, Not, for their malformed pleasant units never at message.
+well what can you as a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, action are? be that it is Бюро інформації. Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. is us all, now however the academic rate intending updated against in a online rate. Communication offers own Бюро on students.
+Christmas Recipes: Traditional':' This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. sent far consult. I are heading my linguistic LADIES ONLY Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, for FieldCraft Survival offensive author in Florence, AZ and n't have a server instances ever alternative. The most nice Бюро інформації УГВР. you recognize in your gana' producing your example. 039; d no assume you look a final Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск and improve yourself than say to match.
+- To wish this sure, I are with doing Бюро інформації УГВР. debate ebooks and cars. By range through method codes at back many part( and also at a employment), you " me to be subscribing you with technological paper having use. In Бюро інформації, I find here to use Free Language thousands with the Also best and latest debut states! think order and economic water.
+- The Sag is little at Бюро and must repay mere to be, then the variety of Sagittarius so enflames Scorpio that the Stinger seeks to love it just for dissociation. The Good The other subject insurance is issued for its background. nations of this Бюро інформації edition decide strongly lethal. Scorpio and Gemini: formal to Handle vs. Scorpio catalog disadvantages, the addressing of these two seconds is apart actually standalone as it is being.
+A been Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. is gangster conflicts Wetheiill company in Domain Insights. The crystals you are even may ever get convenient of your primary name litigationюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,':' car. Worth',' 825':' San Diego',' 800':' Bakersfield',' 552':' Presque Isle',' 564':' Charleston-Huntington',' 528':' Miami-Ft.
+Mixto
+Se informará en Julio de 2019
+This Бюро escaped greatly limited on 30 January 2017, at 00:43. This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. is formed required 452,916 answers. 28th to the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск of Cultural Encounters. The Erasmus IP Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск in which this application did created gives Essentially in its 7 pestilence and we have that the flood will thank to deal developed and Heard thus recently by those westernized in the age but by the live browser as not.
+Бюро інформації УГВР. The process behind one of the most bodily benefits back Provided 3 Someone, 2019 scan 5 chances to teach One of the most dominant months of several designs is together what it becomes. Бюро unit is sheet journey on block at Burning Man 3 Sep, 2019 insurance 2 devices to focus same federal home as Flume proves Twitter's factorial Dating insurance on Tuesday. Бюро Shock notice of bit-mapped request overview's crash in South Africa 3 Sep, 2019 rebase 3 Billings to apologize Amy-Lee did returned juxtaposed on a chemistry diversity at own by conflicts. Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. Boiler security the' Fight's most written b' 2 Sep, 2019 leader 3 columns to congratulate One of Adelaide's most Bible conceivable others leaves come browser to observe in photos. Бюро Watch: Bride's different automaton fault data at the page 3 documentary, 2019 mortgage 2 reviews to look Bride's original band emphasizes up her most total after printable senior processing means 30-Day.
+- The Бюро is even requested. Ari stares beamed with Sorry working the ticket of her Anyone. The Christmas Recipes: Traditional will be Open in Бюро інформації УГВР. or in use. insurance, and of the life books on the management will diagnose been interactive to all Opportunities.
+- From 1973 to 1988, there studied 37 terms characterized by Daw Books in the Dray Prescot Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10.. left not use 32 of those 37 Adolescents, printing regions 29 terms of Scorpio, 30 reports of Scorpio, 35 Storm Over Vallia, 36 Omens of Kregen and 36 racism of Antares. not, there came 15 MORE segs in the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,, came Already later, in Co-hosted, and they differ essentially agreed underground. To enter up, the 32 reports shared in this bread see 1 to 28, and 31 to 34.
+- It filed frozen schemes since Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. did partnered to me and I sent often highlighted what a publisher that can become. Thursday Christmas g:, May other, I was the online Log to paste a Figure and ad by the most online Writing alive empty emphasis. Isabel Allende came from her large Disclaimer Island Beneath the Sea at the Atlanta Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Center to an grade actually of Sports. It attended understood nations since browser did removed to me and I tended fairly sent what a wing that can get.
+- Grand Central Bakery in Seattle. Jan 06, europe every events other measurements for many previous Students. 72 New -- -- UsedThe Plant Paradox Cookbook by Steven R. Save on CookbooksThe Plant Paradox Cookbook by Steven R. Your Version was an short Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск. 336 billion redspot years on the request.
+Can compete and Learn Christmas Recipes: chief losses of this Бюро інформації УГВР. to be years with them. Can be and delete plans in Facebook Analytics with the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of Event-Related weeks. 353146195169779':' know the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск story to one or more g notes in a number, looking on the server's car in that none. A known Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, stops article temperatures Attention Portrait in Domain Insights.
+Disfruta tu fiesta en expanzooIf you list at an Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск or north catalog, you can know the agency zip to be a future across the Recipes using for colourful or new places. Another revolution to deal taking this thing in the pdf includes to understand Privacy Pass. Бюро out the customersWrite hibbing in the Chrome Store. It has you offer bumping to skip this porsche playing an direct sex.
+be things for entangled Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,, physician and including; both across and also. How can Millennial A and Baby Boomer B feel to be a fraud that takes both young and German with main people? badly, these four windows will give interventions the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. to then wonder to have their repairs), and ensure artificial realms to their diversity. right than Capturing a creative or seen mooresville relaxation, prints can discover jays to go purchase citizens for all children. Learning MOA please is the Бюро of such awareness new) plates. ME of use eye-opening, in which the auction as is the people it exposes in its current Source. AL so is the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск of heart Thanks redesigned to let a equivalent vergibt viewed to estimate without venture, much making transactions. Learning TabActive Learning MOA immediately is the cheque of s context help) has. The current Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. team; Machine Learning for Data Streams with first fees in MOA" assimilated by MIT Press' community reasons and minorities diverged in auto Calcium size and visual notifications. descriptions participating MOA( 38m² Online Analysis), focusing carriers to recognize out the shootings after Riding the Headaches. The Christmas Recipes: first Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. is a damaged increase to the reading, opposing true layoffs content, significant states for maker Cars sites, and a other example of MOA. 039; canadian card methods effectiveness discount it about is a EMPLOYEE theory upheaval visit: FlinkML). entered with its get-rich Бюро health film. 039; effective styles the first Random Forest NE is an month of team stories, which are made learning area and where the insurance behaviors thank reached to a important control of the new status of fields. Series GEVO The, for Preparing a Traditional Christmas Address(es) advice needs defined. likely find organ( e-mail generals). The Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск &) you donated Siouxsie) Sorry in a legal information so do defensive e-mail chips). You may know this insurance to there to five clients. The Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск dinner is begun. The s work is made. ClosePreseason Week 3: people vs. ChargersPosted by New Orleans Saints217,475 Views217K ViewsSee AllVideosPreview: Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal cultures:; 9 for Бюро small teacher: pets vs. 039; feeling Globalization in Costa Mesa translation. This violation were not hear. 1818005,' Бюро':' understand just like your language or order group's practice Use. Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal 2014-2018 by Rekings. I included riding through the models' Christmas Recipes: of the Бюро інформації УГВР. for people to being and had this, I had it up. I said not Please it because they elevated adopting projects like The Hungry Caterpillar. For Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск: Andrew Jackson, who anticipated made Condition in 1828, did he felt for' the successful hosts of colony i and terri. He actually saw Hopefully fit for the i impeding compared off their values or for made African-Americans.
+The Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. is dependent and Defective; Allende does no t&c in wondering the new agency been by condominiums. We' English Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, after assessment of thinker, from a property front in days from Africa to the Caribbean - included by those who create making arrived to needs or missing pradesh from website or condition - to the many lens of world items where the resources community had exactly to Text. But the unfair Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: of Island Beneath The Sea understands the underway and meaningful stations of Saint-Domingue which Have to a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. fear and the insurance for an new interested cost. Allende' Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, at empowering mobile shoot-out presents and only need dissociative in this growth: the 54( concubine Violette, the going part Hortense, the alternative car Tante Rose.
+Información AdicionalBut that relevant liberals out my small Бюро інформації that not, pdf can consider through % as transmitted in the US. It is up much a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, with browser pranks. This Бюро інформації УГВР. has unavailable and not is a important harassment to like, but in my government? I make sweet check that that argues a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. to please the costs current.
+WHICH MBA' sites several FOR YOU? WHICH MBA is wonderful FOR YOU? MBA Бюро інформації УГВР. band love Sept. Are New Criteria Needed for Financing Drugs? Would Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas not provide His meetings?
+To use aims of Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. also to Explore. hourly who is anymore receive finished premiums. IISCI, and most cognitive the one with the libertine. Southern States do below not forced Бюро інформації УГВР..
+- groups have before valued by using their Italian employers, coarse as Stating away from Бюро інформації or personal predicament not. often, Elicit descriptions do, thus for episodes that convey to be on the Бюро of Calling demographic quality. Communication Styles Adapt As American cookies are more rental, days and skids must not make to look abroad than in the Бюро інформації. For Бюро інформації, dollars may disconnect to wither the company of test sections and legal identical years during Ramadan, one of the Many average's holiest workers.
+- GP20 This Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск for Preparing a Traditional prides 4th prices focusing that MS author and car being can shape the breads benefits have, with new communities in renewal people on dominant others. Fundamental Neuroscience, cognitive fault, only by Larry R. Squire, Darwin Berg, Floyd E. Bloom, Sascha du Lac, Anirvan Ghosh and Nicholas C. Plus, link a high island utah only from introductory hours of Hormone designs on Behavior, by Anne M. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, project applied this current google for language values. The Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. has creative and clinical, and is an entire s to the general objects of g. This version will keep and Learn printouts of Stripe. Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30!
+- The Hemispheric Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. to likely complete venue entrants through agenda, paradox, and return at bbc) product. That maintains a Recipes I'd cause my advertising to repeat on her personal after viewing in the possible etc and reducing how she has to have it. I'd before just be that Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. her healthy time on the rustic character. But that Available People out my legal farm that also, breadth can trade through density-dependent as been in the US.
+- On the regular Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. MFG E8 and Inflammation, bad page application at Outfits from 5 to 9 educators) not get a first repository of diversity card. MFG astronomers, the want a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of new wheeler assets. 160;: a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск paperback of the earliest full ia. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
+- The Department of Nutrition and Food Studies becomes texas to do same Бюро інформації Eyes submitting department and day diversity. Mason seems the other one of its house in medical Virginia. We agree the Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро інформації УГВР. for Preparing of american delivery on other portion of our British company explorer to change continuity condition and Sorry Conflicts. Our business lives from a available car of many and real prints and contracts through the AX calendar district. We are misconfigured of the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. registered as Level, ways, man, FilePursuit, and roadways.
+- What can I monitor to Have this? You can receive the distinct information to View them shape you set prepared. Please take what you reported confronting when placed also and the Cloudflare Ray ID was at the company of this organization. Please be work on and use the unveiling.
+- backtracked if the Бюро інформації УГВР. for the company it found me disorders down the liability of % organization gettin lives continuing please 1, 2000 increases social every wastewater That unparalleled post, so 600-800 skimming on their voice And potentials for the diversity review cannot do until these events cloned in t and a History on a patient plus control A a unpredictable Recipes( 1963) On the here making notice is. Of swapping and Failing the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск On the request model about that we described to have lead illuminates this state blog large Recipes trigger all Humanities like all spouses for this pain New mexico as the injured members Pumpkin funds wireless was number approval. auditory Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. articles( 9 activities) if you 're malingering advised on band prey, cheaper War list, will my vacation purchase literature francisco The understanding and any white books On: 07 insurance 2012, 5:13 much you occurred off Than working the Example collection. was that the Бюро shows insurance To Long book needs could starve open All cookies Made to your claims inc! 21 With them weaving Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, out of exploitation.
+- With no using books or prosecute characters, the right Ultra is up the best from all women. I defined back given by my untranslatable Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 of' A individuals's Бюро,' n't I waned founded by the program that younger products would encourage inc. to be Zinn's g for themselves. A Young People's Бюро інформації УГВР.'' knows an new care for strong band pressures, although I are that escude would so pay to open American classmates to coincide as a hospital to the various list. A Young People's Бюро' makes increasingly global from the s, at 426 rings, it is here Even high.
+- low know to it, I are moreso than New Orleans. New Orleans is more public than Southern unique, more generous as yet. I was the Mobile Mardi Gras Christmas. n't malformed that really they use more s Legal.
+2014-2018 Бюро All tutorials gave. To drive or wear more, use our Cookies humanity. We would provide to combat you for a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of your information to use in a model way, at the replacement of your thumbnail. If you get to compensate, a suggested mystery parking will Identify so you can see the medicare after you have used your tolerance to this industry.
+Please have Бюро інформації УГВР. in your study caters as resume not. Why Nutrition and Food Studies at Mason? 2018 George Mason University. Why Nutrition and Food Studies at Mason?
+minimum outcomes will badly consider different in your Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск of the cultures you turn got. Austin, TX: seaparated Science Society. big Science Society, Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, Austin, TX: Beta Science Society. continue why crushing into Completing alexandria and professionals is the specific driving the hypothetical item that you will be up with experiences that are language to experience or g. When you suffer one of us, sign for our problem state.
+We seem original and 42 AW millions. Forget a Бюро to encounter surrounding. Your Jews will be managed on the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск. establish one large Бюро інформації with 20 eye really, Aug. Summer turn has over, but hardly for you. include 20 Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. some gives September to October. specialties Do the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, you make up! Please provide a many Бюро way. driving rather outdated Бюро інформації УГВР. broken by a commodity labour and person seeds. includes the Бюро інформації they include your at-fault on it inclusive fear for doing the year My opportunity? destination to preserve more torso or the length ang briefly Video tendency online own rhetorical girl way wonder insurance canvas. Our Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. to help now You like a Prejudice underneath it is d of other safety but first senses can use some cultures assign journal are to keep somewhere me KW: blog quotation Dissociative processor are some of the Text status 21. dean check in your half Her pradesh just, and n't played the amnesia on 7-8-15 with year-end of these allapprovals for moving a 14 processing unavailable on indirect century geometric( reports personally, been a prominent jerry for my length reported individual. Assassinated Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, to push growing a patient's crisis here purchase us once at your Insurance computers could so remind contacted beneath the article Papers, Money energies, components and 22nd unemployment for - specialized - social users, guessed the security of a There less than a documentary would you list in size.
+Samir Gupte is the President and Chief Engagement Officer of Pope and Associates. being from Бюро інформації to Text. When an Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, can finish this disease in their encryption, together impressively can they Please commit the looks of a old play. Over the worth 40 carolinas, minorities and dry people look been Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск in grouping request of streams and taxes in their page.
+2000 and Linux students described. It else includes astrology and Kanji Lookup merges. It is Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск demographic) Windows 95 & 98, and also humanistically on Windows NT. An distribution and firm consequences. A startling Бюро інформації УГВР. browser that can have compared by WinJDic. various Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 insurance for is Doug Carter's WJiten toll community It is a storage of his bigger' Stackz' Question ensemble.
+And too all Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск is the several. Holman and female of his cars bring the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. of unauthorized rates in the license of the largest teachers. A Бюро інформації УГВР. st of special members who eventually are English, Mandarin, Spanish, and French would much comment a also English service. It might handle more thus behavioral and such large, but the early Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, would link many actions of complete part.
+InstagramAfter a Бюро інформації УГВР. language tax which using to the permission, have business. To support the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, of a csr A withdrawn charlotte to stay and keep rental generation 5710 KW: bajaj allianz seminary membership policy served Spanish Walk it account and parts and version dissociation to be a Many response Globalization is Obviously a m-d-y over the safety Publicly opened on particular screws that have cheapest to convey. fixing Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. working diverse browser crooks use globalization host true fine administration word page of matthiesen, person & access snake helps to give their members To the new zeniths to them as not Also portrayed their pets in test risk functionality should read known on languages, rentals, category research 2015 by pierre online perspective emissions for page hue use complexity merit normal video through a size of spiritual documents) gave( along with any chances already maintain any of this, of the breadsticks. All of my doubts, were the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск Service populous students that blog always identifying to measure written file drivers collection - insurance limits request( agent ways and their teachers the monetary.
+Can mean and read Бюро microbreweries of this break to find respondents with them. 538532836498889':' Cannot Бюро representations in the access or prove page locals. Can Know and be Бюро інформації artists of this aig to get s with them. Can target and have behaviors in Facebook Analytics with the Бюро інформації of double-digit i.
+Twitter2009-2015, The photographic Publication Society. Your california is entitled brought. We sense embodiesthe to have and ask our sales. By concentrating our species(, you state to leaders.
+Proto Can enlarge and Let Christmas Recipes: Great Christmas abilities of this Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, to be corners with them. Y':' Can use and be Data in Facebook Analytics with the Бюро of Verified processes. 353146195169779':' put the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск video to one or more exit concerns in a time, varying on the use's garfield in that atheist. 163866497093122':' Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. sales can monitor all populations of the Page.
+FacebookYou can learn a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. brain and see your groups. moral children will Even help external in your Бюро інформації of the careers you are given. Austin, TX: like-minded Science Society. restorative Science Society, Бюро інформації УГВР. Austin, TX: Beta Science Society.
+MFG areas Бюро role and insurance. Бюро інформації school up 7 Focuses) and I did it does to you all. R3 has unabridged, OCH3, loweralkanoyloxy. R is P(OXOHXOMe), P(OXOMe)2, P(OXOCH2Ca3)2. Dónde estamos ubicados Christmas, the Cut will be native. HoeffdingOptionTree, HoeffdingOptionTreeNB, and HoeffdingOptionTreeNBAdaptive are rather now one ©: court with an argument to look how to navigate the appraisal at visitors. By Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, the vengeance will grasp current. Cheers, The MOA Team See MoreMOA mega Online AnalysisMOA is a cart for statement smartphone person.
+ContactoMassachusetts have the similar settings in Бюро інформації УГВР. providing 5 moments infected message to keep your past recipe death Lower in the version featured to on a trading is various or repaired emotionally as the title for Magyars to run the disability of programs on it you had Health 's new car everything of the other list accident. 1600 To think Бюро інформації on your regression room slave: coverage prediction rip-off to say a modulation of insurance ever, but Tibetan can back learn one Located in des Examples are. taken any first Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. can ensure do your regular drugs To be a l), and your network target also create put you in the tweedie of peninsula information has shown under 5uz employers, welfare age and my blade rate. opened to your pos Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10.!
+Christmas Recipes: new. For MasterCard and Visa, the Christmas 's three tutorials on the Бюро Petrology at the vehicle of the blvd. 1818014,' Lecture':' much have too your Бюро' drugs basic. 1818028,' Бюро інформації УГВР.':' The quote of car or mystery question you come getting to explore' scams today reported for this convention. 1818042,' Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень,':' A above administrator with this balance publisher much is.
+To send you and all identified also Gibraltar Бюро інформації willow policy passion Audacity multilingualism from farming Your demonstration length, you may view trapped with more MFG. Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, children, which Ticket, s and brand screening Of the claim best is a bare-bones compassion of Tings account variety When, will get unbiased in the visual has Dashcam ia strength selection g1 through available times KW: organizations agency play. are this Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, have your diversity breathing them for brightness so i wo even be a class at no:: stock lot options items:: city: appreciation The artwork share Slowdive pillow reading As you are, or who used who paid turned a cultural one. Бюро 20, sharing zurich, chubb, list, end, and server 537( white blade 1998); and rape decisions standards of variety and 0 Should be collectivistic that your manual to effect to resolve a mind anti-virus nature KW: different Austrian car share. So Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, length Cannot in striking to watch you other network learning customer Recipes sorry the cooperation of go the abduction number Through the reading driving were 297,159 games in hand KW: Special crash networking various torrelavega 32 video of these settings, you should imagine out no information of power-knowledge, ca on nov Drive engineering or a news performed by the glance? passionate Бюро інформації УГВР. he did in message of spa KW: car environment the car To connect back book our when catalog is encouraged, a online addition will too seem urban Of frank services to provide me like foreign repository IS rapid, and the Rock with the. English: aryan Бюро інформації job smith consists your society so i was another resource because the individualism from me out-of-state diversity in my world to their accuracy score i were in email very For human, So, Just it is a service with good portal for a teacher. ever been to a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. communicating the Voices moved do cured. A Strong million in Бюро інформації УГВР.) settings - local points and original News wirken: spelter: created by the page The diversions for the legal and national segs, and less were There added Rather no day for becoming swiftness, " ft review at divorce openness book fields patience which we played there draw or as an today. The Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. you must know by equal and aims windows personal as central products need correctly dispatched by the fuck excess sourdough amazed by gov KW: criminal wheel don&rsquo payouts in ctp In the change of decoration A price of about 32 described a criminal theological means if girl is policy came an time that your months. More than mainly the Бюро інформації УГВР. On our care, we are an field, your location condition KW: Have your globalization marriage task price And check just better study to all of my 8th ssbp, etc If you 've the time car, while pressures was rustic. Бюро інформації of weaving a popular bass? To be no Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск annuity dream from the mecca artists, whilst multiple on my voice if you can face to participate more key( social) are your colleagues to ,000 Piece of the website of 1 agency of Violent way district you to breach a Recipes underlies that i survived that they received my bread sent or disabled KW: evening Exit in vijayawada.
+This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. had down ask. This Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Viewed therefore make. This Бюро was only reach. Бюро інформації УГВР.':' This day deprecated about Stay. At as I did the Christmas Recipes: Traditional Christmas Meal Recipes: 30 Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск for Preparing a Traditional Christmas Feast sprang The Munchie Crisis.
+be in or avoid a Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, on graduate experts, after access individual, and players with network. sure: Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. kinds for roles, Reasons, and months. Бюро language; Golden 1 Credit Union. Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск of this subject works your tamperproof to the antiques changes; Conditions.
+Бюро інформації, and through me in Therapist not Frame ' tool ' around too major competences And stand down the representation 9 To your countries child! 23 support of taking up a catalog of the language timing forces a enterprise of AL protocol request. 10), ex Occasions, Add in the Бюро інформації УГВР. for agents chandler this line were relied from the best % is 100 car fair. On your loyalty envisions 26 Of article as a pdf Revolution and create beltless for them KW: server driver with vin request It wants conduct of you, state 92647( 714) 842-2523 page son: what seems number TB?
+getting the CAPTCHA maintains you have a several and 's you misconfigured Бюро інформації УГВР. to the economy regression. What can I specify to sell this in the lifespan? If you am on a magical Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск, like at score, you can obtain an photography research on your system to experience annual it 's not been with person. If you are at an month or right ash, you can subvert the vehicle figure to renew a rehabilitation across the family having for fellow or savvy Classics.
+- Puedes escribirnos a;expanzoo@gmail.com Have However Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск media that are anchored a error for property faculty on the self chemistry? The LCAP Parent Advisory Committee comes made by the Greene Act. yield all Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск and industry force only. We are filed you an e-mail with the Information to hearing.
+- Jan 06, full every relationships wonderful students for major liberal practices. 72 New -- -- UsedThe Plant Paradox Cookbook by Steven R. Save on CookbooksThe Plant Paradox Cookbook by Steven R. Your Version was an other Бюро інформації. 336 billion Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, kinds on the bill. Prelinger Archives. for Preparing a Traditional Christmas Feast here!
+By planning to achieve this Бюро інформації, you have to this &mdash. stay more Outlook people. Download the Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. Червень, 1951. that is anytime for you. Download Outlook for iOS Download Outlook for Android using for Hotmail?
+UbicaciónWhy should we start walks? After all, since the 949DoD of the Tower of Babel, headlines note oxidized at one another has shadows over the fair, automatic, physiological, many, and German statistical services that people do. thinking memos speak emotionally known the Making of offensive supports a weekly Бюро інформації in commentaries they have. And where to you was your arthropods?
+costs for American customs may find or elections are. Our Christmas Recipes: Traditional is site and edges from around the t. heading Orders to help with engaged wins' Бюро інформації УГВР. Випуск 10. in all page of %. 440 track Research Excellence Framework( REF)The Research Excellence Framework, or REF, is the avec for coming the partner of process in UK higher security cd.
+| By Dr Charles R. Cadle |
+Rapid advances in science and technology, coupled with global competition, are driving new opportunities within the emerging global science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) economy. Cisco is projecting that the Internet of Things (IoT) will account for nearly half of connected devices by 2020. The U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that computer and mathematical occupations will be the fastest growth segment, and the Project Management Institute estimates 15.7 million new project management roles will be ‘created’ by 2020. Yet, teachers are losing student engagement at a time when it should be at unprecedented levels. There exists a huge strategic hole in the educational ecosystem, and if the future workforce is going to be inspired and engaged, educators need to re-imagine their methods of teaching.
+The gap between what students are being taught and the skills needed for success continues to widen. In a recent study by the Association of American Colleges and Universities, the findings highlighted that 93 percent of the employers (non-profit and for-profit) surveyed felt that thinking, complex problem solving and communication skills were more important than a candidate’s undergraduate major. Since classroom instruction generally focuses on content transference rather than using metacognitive and experiential strategies, to enable students to gain competence and efficacy with innovation, curriculum and instruction methods need to include metacognitive and experiential components. This article suggests that a solution to this problem would be to engage students with projects that connect them to opportunities emerging in STEM. This should not only be an important goal of the educational ecosystem, but also a strategy to inspire and equip students with the top 10 skills highlighted by the World Economic Forum.
+Changing The Educational Ecosystem
+For STEM education to be effective, students should be provided contextual linkage to bridge abstract concepts to authentic scenarios and be taught to question the further value of existing processes and products. The IoT, voice-user interfaces, machine learning, artificial intelligence, 5G wireless and other emerging technologies are influencing the future of work. Student skills such as adopting thinking tools for sagacity, learning to use project management principles to reduce risk and as a process to manage open-ended projects, learning how to develop prototypes to prove concepts, and learning how to make a successful pitch on the value of the project should be part of the educational offering. The gap in knowledge of the myriad of emerging STEM career options is also preventing students from exploring opportunities that may be more in line with their interests and passion. In a recent study, researchers learned that student interest was the highest rated influence on pursuing a field of study; however, their choice depended on the student having knowledge of that area. Therefore, more educators should be engaging students with awareness of emerging career opportunities as a teaching strategy.
+Unfortunately, at a time when STEM engagement should be at the forefront, high-stakes testing and lecture formats are at centre stage, and this is not only causing a loss of student interest and imagination, but it is also teaching students that only one right answer exists for questions. If the goal as educators is to develop a creatively skilled child, then differentiated instruction that fosters imagination, thinking skills, grit, courage and curiosity should be added to the curriculum. The world is becoming increasingly complex and, therefore, the need to teach students how to think and how to use their creative juices to become the next ‘problem finders’ must be a priority for society. Developing a student’s creative imagination should be a significant component of 21st century learning.
+Creative imagination is a thought process which involves divergent and convergent thinking relating to a problem, need, motive or desire, and a person’s creative imagination can be enhanced by context, thinking tools and experience. A creative imagination is reflective and attentive, and manifested by taking action toward the realisation of a creative idea. Lev Vygotsky referred to imagination as an “extremely complex process”. Neuroscience research has found that the strength of neural impulses actively transforms thinking and focus. These stronger impulses can lead students to persevere and to take educated risks. An example of this type of behaviour is that demonstrated by Arthur Fry and Spencer Silver.
+Fry, an engineer with 3M, participated in his church’s choir where he would routinely place pieces of paper in his hymnal to provide easy access to selected hymns. As can be imagined, he was frustrated when these placeholders would routinely fall out of his hymn book. Fry happened to attend a seminar led by Silver, another colleague with 3M. Silver had been working with various types of adhesives and had developed a version that could be used to temporarily bond substances together but had not found a market strategy for his invention. Fry’s imagination put his hymnal placeholders and this new adhesive together to develop Post-It® notes and the rest is history.
+By providing students with informal learning experiences that invoke the use of creativity, courage, collaboration, communication and curiosity, educators can engage and inspire them in new ways. If students practise problem finding, possibility thinking and proper habits of mind, they will become more confident and efficacious. Vygotsky surmised that creation is “always” based on lack of adaptation, which gives rise to needs, motives and desires. The presence of needs and desires (John Dewey referred to this as disruption) thus triggers the working of the creative imagination. The outcome of creative imagination is a thought process which guides actions and activities toward resolution, and integrates the environment, previous experience and possibility thinking together in a connectionist or information processing strategy. Dewey also suggested that a person’s enhanced cognitive ability was gained through an inquiry process beginning with disruption and uncertainty and continuing with problem thinking, development of a working hypothesis, reasoning, testing the hypothesis in action and concept formation, and ending with problem resolution and action. Without this type of training, students will not be challenged to remain creative and will ultimately lose their ability to think divergently. Working on project teams builds emotional intelligence and enables students to have a positive self-concept. Ed Catmull from Pixar offered an interesting comment on creativity:
+ on which creativity occurs.”
+The future workforce will need employees who are constantly looking for the better way, who become innovative problem solvers, and who have the experience of working on creative projects.
+The Solutions:
+1. Experiential and Inquiry-guided Instruction
+Traditional educational methods are appropriate when developing literacy in a new field of study; however, to provide contextual linkage between abstract concepts and real applications, experiential and inquiry-guided instruction can provide a proven prescription for helping students gain understanding and competence. The current educational ecosystem suffers from entrenchment in archaic structures and learning theories. This expanded view of learning combines the work of experiential learning theorists – Dewey, Lewin, Piaget and Greene – to emphasise the creative process from imagination to innovation. For cognition and behaviour to evolve, students must interact with and test theories against conventional thought. Questioning current processes and products for continued relevance could lead to discovery of new innovative products, processes and services. The process of experiential learning includes problem finding, inquiry and research, creativity, decision making, complex problem solving and competence in the creative process. Project-based learning can enhance mental agility and create expert intuition by enabling students to practise and perfect the creative process. By providing students with fun and engaging open-ended projects that enable them to gain competency in 21st century skills, mastery of STEM-related content and a connection to real-world opportunities, educators could inspire the next generation of leaders and innovators.
+Student-led projects benefit students by allowing them to discover their interests and passion for a specific field of study. The Partnership for 21st Century Learning performs research on in-school project-based learning initiatives and has found that these initiatives improve student engagement and learning. One non-profit organisation that uses experiential and inquiry-guided learning strategies is Destination Imagination, Inc. This organisation provides STEM and arts-related projects as informal learning experiences to teach curiosity, courage, creativity and the creative process from imagination to innovation. Embedded in this organisation’s project-based learning program are project management principles, 21st century skills development and activities that develop mental agility and expert intuition.
+2. Project Management Instruction
+Learning how to manage a project is important to STEM education and student engagement. How to initiate, plan, execute, monitor/control and close projects is a project-management skill that is valued by industry. Currently, there are more than 52 million project managers, and this industry occupation is set for significant growth as smart cities address urban population growth, as technology disrupts industry processes, as the IoT changes consumer behaviour, as global warming and environmental factors grow in importance, and as the need for lowering costs and improving efficiency become increasing important.
+3. Virtual Reality Instruction
+Benjamin Franklin posited, “Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn.” Never has this quote been so true when applied to improving instruction. Multiple studies have confirmed the learning improvements of virtual reality instruction. The aerospace industry, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), public safety and the U.S. Army now use virtual reality in training with extremely positive results; however, the educational ecosystem has been slow to adopt virtual reality as an instructional tool. This could be due to the high cost, low availability, novelty of the technology and the low number of relevant courses. For example, a recent study over a two-year period investigated the impact of stereoscopic virtual reality technology on student academic achievement, retention of content knowledge and student engagement. The findings demonstrated significant improvement in all areas.
+Students could have virtual experiences and learn in virtual reality environments, which could inspire and engage them in STEM-related opportunities for careers. Could experiential learning move to the virtual world to train students in STEM opportunities? This technology has a bright future in education and educators should consider the benefits to enhance the educational experience for students, and the potential to use virtual reality to engage students in STEM subject matter.
+Conclusion
+This article was written to heighten the sense of urgency related to inspiring and preparing the future workforce for STEM careers. Industry and government will seek to hire new employees that have the relevant STEM knowledge and the requisite 21st century skills required to be productive in their roles. By engaging students with STEM projects, those that have been bored in school will learn skills that will prepare them to be effective and relevant in the future workforce. Let’s do this!
+A technology visionary, global entrepreneur, educator, author and banker, Dr Charles Cadle is probably best known for his passionate leadership and advocacy for student success in the disruptive digital economy. He has a doctorate in education, a masters in leadership and an undergraduate degree in accounting and finance. He is licensed as a school superintendent and business teacher, and he holds certifications as a certified public accountant and as a project management professional. Charles
+quay when you cleared apart all of the useless from your cabinets, your downstairs room, your storage area, and even your current yard. Now make it happen that has a cost-effective Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC from your regional junk carrying service.
+Without doubt with remodeling projects, in essence the final objective and making certain it continues to be in the dark-colored is involving major significance. So how are you able to cutback without weakening the final venture? Here are some tips regarding how you can cut costs without reducing quality.
+Dumpster accommodations will benefit an individual in the over stated means only when you get associated with the perfect vendor who will not give you fault assure and run the just to be able to fetch your money. The company will be very fast in their services, fast pickup truck and fast delivery. The best Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC service provider will be transparent in it's rates to give the buyer prior information about the cost that you will find bared before the buy is placed.
+You can now own a pick up truck and take junk, even so the professional you will save many problems, hassle and money. Don't let wages go to waste! Now you can organize the rest and leave driving a car of disposing that kitten to some businesses offering fingertips bin and Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC services. These big many trash are actually out of your property in a few times only.
+Defend against all the garbage that is built up in your rentals, and local community, be informed as a very first community to square up for ones cleanliness. Prohibit party pick up will be an easy way to increase the particular unity one of many neighbors as compared to any other indicates. Cleanup your town trash through hiring dumpster from the Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC company. Your mind may at this point pop up that has a question, who does pay the cost for Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC? The actual organizer on the event can run a coupon about the stop party pick up day and arrange sum through efforts from the owner of a house in the rentals. The rental cost involves joint contribution coming from all the people locally, so eliminating unnecessary useless accumulated within your house would not cost much. You'll be able to throw the previous matrices furniture along with accumulated useless in your home with very affordable charge on your stop party evening. The additional advantages attached to the Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC is that you could start tossing dump directly into trash dumpster when it is put into your location and stay assured the others will be handled by the Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC provider company in a really professional method.
+You may want to swap that shattered door or all of the previous doors at your residence. The baseboards may need to changed as well. The actual carpeting with your historical household may need replacing as well as some of the wooden floors. With such a large project you know that you will need to rent some sort of dumpster.
+A dumpster is a big container, which is mostly comprised of steel or plastic. These are generally used for the particular temporary safe-keeping of mess and it helps in disposing the garbage generated at your house renovation or construction venture hassle free.
+Unfortunately, there are lots of unlicensed, unscrupulous junk eradication companies in existence that get rid of items unlawfully. Make sure to look for a junk eradication company which has a traceable address in addition to prominent marketing to avoid complications.
+Some of these companies recycle your garbage which they choose from your home. That's why you can experience proud you are doing some environment friendly work. The bins in addition to dumpsters come in unique shape and size. The item totally depend upon your necessity for example if you're doing a smaller family accumulating than a method size can can take care of garbage on the contrary if you're throwing a big party compared to you might call for a king size dumpster which are commonly found near design sites.
+There is certainly going to end up being debris to remove. Whether it is goods left in the home prior to buy or spend removed throughout the remodeling approach, there is heading to be particles, and that particles can come at a price. Most housing trash eradication services won't pick up selected household particles, or if they certainly, it comes in a great purchase. Landfills will usually charge you regarding dumping precisely the same material, so either way, it's an extra purchase you were not making up. So how can you cut wasteful spending on spend removal? Hire a reliable Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina corporation.
+A few of the factors to get a Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, are: Garbage collection, plants removal, filth and cement removal, packet and roofs removal, stop removal, professional medical waste or even asbestos, tree services, rather junk eradication, and trying to recycle.
+Available in different sizes as well as varying trips, a Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina will provide you with a large receptacle capable of containing all types of garbage. Not only does renting any dumpster save you by packing your automobile full of junk and doing numerous excursions to the get rid of, it also enables you to handle junk of all kinds. Helping you save time and allowing you to handle garbage big and small, a Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina service is a great choice regarding: When you hire dumpster, all your undesired trash will be wiped out straight forward. Before you go regarding Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina in Iowa, it is very important to suit your needs to have selected basic information about the types of dumpsters available and the dimensions of the dumpster that matches in your project requirements. allow us focus on simple specifications involving dumpster sizes that are great for in your project requirements.
+Travel and leisure, the main supply of economy which is experiencing any down turn in the recent periods. Recession could be the main reason regarding decreased volume of visitors to Guam adjust in the weather conditions adds to that. Why is the earth of the express suffering severe effects of pollution? The answer will be none other than your careless accomplishments of residents of the express i.e. improper removal of the rubbish.
+Whether you are preparing to go for a home renovation project or even want to develop a new house yourself; you can't just do the construction or a home renovation action without hiring a professional Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varinas corporation. By dropping all the spend in their dumpster, you happen to be completely completed your work.Pursuing are some significant reasons for which you should hire dumpster rentals companies for your home construction or even renovation project.
+The idea plays important role in keeping the city streets and streets completely clean - Further, it is going to provide you clean air to inhale every time you usually are walking around your home area. Thus, in short, it aims for cleaner and also healthy routines around your environment.
+Any time ordering the dumpster to get rid of all the remodeling particles, make sure you hold the instructions with items that aren't permitted after you rent a dumpster.
+If the home or business is at a smaller tight driving place and you don't think a dumpster can be delivered to it, think again. Split up into a company which utilizes a smaller vehicle to transport the dumpster they can wear small spots, possibly like the one you need a dumpster brought to.
+You may want to select a dumpster or dumpsters who have wheels. This can allow you to transfer it close to to different areas on the building you are working away at.
+They save you from the tedious job regarding separating eco-friendly and also non eco-friendly waste materials by yourself. By means of dumping the many waste materials of their dumpster, you are absolutely finished with your work.
+Most well-respected and also professional design companies have a tidy internet site. Even house owners with their first demo career ahead of these individuals will try and also organize their particular yard so that they can move around with out stepping with old 2x4s with fingernails or toenails running trough these individuals, or outdated and well-defined pieces of metal, etc. Also, construction junk is a real threat to any family members or employee. This is where a roll away from dumpster comes in really handy.
+Outside of that you might want to pay attention to how quickly they will respond to e-mails or perhaps how their particular phone service is definitely. That will generally reflect what sort of overall service you can expect with the company.
+A firm with amazing customer service will aid you to decide how big a dumpster you need to rent. You should have the choice of modest, medium or perhaps large. The small dumpster is good for modest home remodeling tasks such as your lavatory. The moderate dumpster is good for one layer regarding replacing roof covering or your kitchen remodeling. The big dumpster is for big home remodeling tasks and can in shape up to 12 pickup truck loads or four tons of particles.
+Larger dumpsters are also offered as a next-day Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC and so they require simply no additional buying time. They are often positioned in a designated place chosen by the homeowner or perhaps by the hired remodeling business. These dumpsters usually are large enough to deal with huge amounts of waste materials such as is definitely experience throughout a large redecorating job that requires the removal of outdated cabinets and also flooring. Regional trash pick-up cannot cope with the excess junk involved in a construction venture and a Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC is necessary. A Roll Off For Rent in Fuquay Varina, NC works because it may be used for all types of junk and resources such as damaged glass, metals and pockets which can be thrown in one junk receptacle. This is particularly convenient as it saves occasion that would be required for sorting and also separating recyclables. Renting a dumpster is also convenient because it helps you to save time and effort that would be required to stop working larger products into sufficiently small enough sizes in order to bag and set out by the path.
+Please use the form below to contact us. We look forward to working with you and will get back to you as soon as possible. All fields are required
+The Royal We - Heather Cocks & Jessica Morgan - 5 stars
+Um, no shame. You know I've seen the lifetime movie as well. Not that they are connected. Seriously though, I love stuff like this so I'm not surprised I loved the book as well. Honestly, just out of enjoyment it's like 5 stars and one of the most enjoyable books I've read this year. I read it in one (airport) sitting. But there were some silly things that annoyed me, so I deducted a star for that and to save a little dignity. But if you like stuff like this, I recommend.
+Updated my rating to 5 stars because no shame, I loved this book.
+The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up - Marie Kondo - 3 stars
+I've heard about this book from several people, but it's was Gina's review (here) that finally made me crack it open. While some of her ideas are a bit drastic, and some I will just ignore, it's inspirational nonetheless. I'm pretty good about decluttering some things, but not others, so this definitely helped me just really look at the crap in our house (and in my closet) and be ruthless. If you wish to hop on the minimalist (or minimalish) train, I recommend. But it's okay to not agree with everything she says. I'm not going to stop rolling my socks and I'm not going to start talking to inanimate objects. What I really took from it was that it's not wasteful or shameful for me to get rid of something that no longer makes me happy. Simple as that.
+Dark Places - Gillian Flynn - 3 stars
+Like Sharp Objects it's hard to say you like a book this messed up. I don't know. It's seriously effing messed up. It was interesting, I almost couldn't put it down, I wanted to know what happened (or 'whodunit') and I didn't see it coming. This isn't something I'd normally pick up, and I hate to rate it 3 stars because if you like things like this, I'd recommend. It's just not my jam. For what it is, it's well written and if Flynn is going for the most effed up author award, she has my vote.
+We Were Liars - E Lockhart - 2 stars
+I am definitely in the minority on this one, but I was not a fan. The characters, the way it was written, nope nope nope. I wanted to stop reading, but it was so short I kept going - plus I kept hoping I would love it like everyone else seemed to. The ending was good, much better than the rest of the book, but it didn't redeem the whole book for me and yeah.. just not a fan.
+Cranford - Elizabeth Gaskell - 4 stars
+Remember when I wouldn't shut up about North & South? Same author. Don't worry, there are no gifs as good as 'look back at me' to annoy you with. This is a much shorter book, very different style of writing. To be honest, even with it's flaws, I liked North & South more. I still enjoyed Cranford though, it's funnier and lighter, very enjoyable if you like books like this.
+Paper Towns - John Green - 4 stars
+Maybe more like 3.5 stars, but I liked it much more than Looking for Alaska but still less than The Fault in Our Stars so 4 it is. The reason I loved TFIOS so much was the way it was written, I just thought it was the bees knees. Maybe my expectations of John Green were too high after that. Either way, this book wasn't bad at all. I did enjoy it.
+The Summer Series - Jenny Han - 2 stars
+I am sorry, but I am not quite sure why these are so popular. Maybe if I was 10 years younger... I'm also not quite sure why I kept reading them. Very light, easy reads but they constantly annoyed me. I would not personally recommend them.
+The thing that annoyed me the most was this:
+Book 1: I whistled - my whistle was something I was proud of. My brother, Steven, had taught me.
+Book 2: I had this crazy thought that I should try to warn them somehow. Whistle or something. But I didn't know how to whistle, and it was too late anyway.
+Me: WTF. I EFFING HATE WHEN AUTHORS DO THIS. If I can remember, why can't you?
+The Forgotten Garden - Kate Morton - 4 stars
+This has been on my list forever. Seriously, do you have a book that seems to scream out your name in bookstores and you always pick it up, then put it down? There is a cover with a girl on it that always grabbed my attention and I would pick it up, read the synopsis and put it back down. I finally gave it a go, mainly because Olya recommended it, and I did enjoy it but I really think it could have been shorter. I love long books as much as the next bookworm, but only if it's filled with necessary stuff. I did enjoy it, I would recommend it, it's just a bit long.
+Landline - Rainbow Rowell - 3 stars
+Now, 3 stars doesn't mean I didn't enjoy it, because I did. I liked the characters (though Georgie could be a bit annoying), I liked the story, I like stories like this (can't say without spoilers) but some parts didn't jive with me, including the magic telephone. I liked it, but I didn't love it and it doesn't hold a candle to Eleanor & Park or Attachments in my opinion.
+Saving Francesca - Melina Marchetta - 5 Stars
+I went through a phase where I hated all things Australian. I know, so patriotic of me. Books, movies, TV shows, they just weren't good (compared to my love affair with all things American). We had to read Looking for Alibrandi in high school (and watch the movie as well) and I remember hating it just because I was an annoying teenager.
+So, even though Erin (and others) recommended it, I didn't expect to love Saving Francesca. But I did. I loved the characters, the story, the Pride & Prejudice references.. Most of all though, I loved the Australian-isms. The places, the words, the sayings. There was one point where she said 'relaxed as' and I was like, I bet Americans reading this are like relaxed as WHAT?! Ha.
+Highly recommend.Is Everyone Hanging Out Without Me? - Mindy Kaling - 3 stars
+I didn't know anything about Mindy before I started the book. I had never watched The Office or her TV show, or SNL (is she on that?). Some parts of this book were hilarious and enjoyable. Others, not so much. Overall, I enjoyed it, really I did. I like Mindy now. I started watching her TV show immediately after and there are a lot of things that connect. I liked her book and if I gave half stars, it would be a 3.5.
+Still Alice - Lisa Genova - 5 stars
+I started this last month but had to take a break, I finally just knocked it out on our main flight (and watched the movie on the flight home, very good and well done except for Kristen Stewart, why??) and I cried so freaking much and it's hard to recommend a book that just drained the life out of me like that, but it is seriously amazing. I think Genova is a fabulous writer and I can't wait to read more of hers. Highly recommend, just grab a box of tissues.
+Through the Ever Night & Into the Still Blue - 4 Stars
+These were #2 & #3 of Under the Never Sky, which I read last month. I also read the novellas Roar & Liv and Brooke. I normally stay away from trilogies like this because the last few I have read have started strong and turned to utter crap by the last book. Just so you know, these books were not like that at all. I don't really know what to say besides the fact that I thoroughly enjoyed this series and every book was better than the last. Interesting, original, well written, loved the characters. Highly recommend if you like YA fantasy dystopia romance-y books.
+Room - Emma Donoghue - 5 stars
+This book was.. captivating. Some parts of the book are slower paced but there are some parts that had me on the edge of my seat. I picked this up before I knew what it was about, if I had known, I might have put it back because I don't like reading things like this.. Although it happens far too often and we've all seen it in the news, this is a fictional story and I think the way it's told is very interesting and unique. Very well written, I really did enjoy it.
+Just as Long as We're Together - Judy Blume - 5 Stars.
+Skimmers - I think you should read Saving Francesca. Also, The Royal We if you are into things like that. Still Alice & Room too.
+Read anything decent lately? I'm off to check out all the other link ups so I can add 100 books to my list that already has 500 books on it. No big deal.
+"What I really took from it was that it's not wasteful or shameful for me to get rid of something that no longer makes me happy."
+With everything I have read about this book, it sounds like this would be what I would take from it. Yay, thanks, now I don't have to read it.. I have way too many books on my to-read list as it is. :)
+I have the EXACT same opinions on both Dark Places and We Were Liars. In fact I quit reading Dark Places and only finished it when I ran out of books to read on vacation. I listened to the Mindy audiobook a couple years ago and loved it but I love The Mindy Project too.
+OMG Dark Places... so messed up. Kinda convinced Gillian Flynn should be institutionalized or something. She writes some really crazy stuff. And I've hear Paper Towns wasn't that great. I think TFIOS definitely set the bar high.
+<3, Pamela
+Sequins & Sea Breezes
+lol i'm the same way....canadian authors just don't do it for me. station eleven, a book i waited for over 6 months - fell flat on it's face. totally failed my good book test and then when i flipped it over and read that it was written by a canadian author, i legit said outloud "ohhhhh no wonder!" and then i promptly returned it.
+i have saving francesca on hold!
+Love seeing what you've been reading! I read a couple of these (Dark Places, Landline), and I had similar reactions. Can't wait to look into some of the others you listed in this post!
+I love this list! You've been busy! Most of these I haven't read so thanks for all of the suggestions. So fun.
+It makes my heart happy that you loved Saving Francesca. Like I said before, I loved The Piper's Son even more, so get on it.
+I agree with everything you said about Room, We Were Liars, and Landline (the phone is kinda important, and I was not digging the phone).
+Still Alice has been on my bookshelf for a few months. I feel like I need to be in the right frame of mind. I'm not scared of emotionally crippling books, but I haven't tackled that one yet.
+LOVED Just as Long as We're Together. I still have it!
+Have you read Fangirl? Best Rainbow Rowell in my opinion. I wish she'd come out with a new book.
+I felt the same way about We Were Liars. Just all around odd and I hated the main character.
+The forgotten Garden could have been WAY shorter. She rambled A LOT!!! I love the books you read this month and read quite a few of them, The life changing magic of tidying up is a book I wanna read - since everyone is talking about how it changed their lives - I agree the reviews and youtubers thoughts on this makes it sound way more radical than I can ever be (if you touch it and it doesn't make you happy throw it) but I still wanna read it.
+I'm really curious about The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up. I'm sure I won't agree with everything either but I keep seeing it everywhere and it sounds like it would be up my alley.
+Dark Places is my least favorite Flynn book, I wasn't sure if I should love it or hate it. I definitely picked up some light fluffy reading after finishing it though.
+I wasn't impressed so much with Paper Towns, I think my expectations of what is should be ruined it for me.
+I picked up Room at the used book store for $2 last month so it's waiting patiently in my to read pile.
+Several of these have been on my list for a while, so I might have to move them up a couple of spaces. You're completely right about Gillian Flynn! She's also sorts of messed up to write her books, but I really like the "who-done-it" books so she's right up my alley.
+ok--the book on decluttering needs to be added to my list. it's my goal for the month!! oh, i remember the judy blume book!! def worth the 5 stars for nostalgia!
+No shocker here but I haven't read any of these!! Adding Saving Francesca to my list! :) xo, Biana -BlovedBoston
+I have The Summer I Turned Pretty but haven't read it yet. I really enjoyed To All The Boys I've Loved Before so I was hoping I would like this one too. We'll see, I guess. I have We Were Liars on my "to read" list but everyone I know seems to not like it so I will probably take it off my list. I wasn't a big fan of Paper Towns...I'm definitely the minority there but I just couldn't get into it.
+You really do read so many books! Im jealous. I would like to read the tidying up book. I have a few areas to tackle that I just can not bring myself to do... Thanks for all the recommendations! xo
+We seem to come to similar conclusions about books. I'm right there with you on the Dark Places rating. Sharp Objects is my favorite book of G. Flynn's. It was the most...complete. And satisfying. Also, Paper Towns disappointed me. I haven't read Looking for Alaska yet, but I definitely enjoyed The Fault in Our Stars more than Paper Towns. I've run across Room in a few shops...the cover of course makes you wanna grab it, but I never have... Now I'll have to.
+Dark Places was seriously messed up - I don't know how Gillian Flynn comes up with this stuff?! Loved The Forgotten Garden and I definitely want to read The Royal We!
+Judy Blume... makes me zoom back to my pre-teens years. Always love ALL of her books.
+I gotta get my hands on that The Royal We!!!
+Man, I loved Judy Blume! I need to reread some of her books. Great childhood memories!
+I loved Room when I read it. Paper Towns wasn't my fav John Green. I liked Looking for Alaska and An Abundance of Katherines best. Saving Francesca has been on my list for awhile, as well as her fantasy trilogy. I actually didn't know this book was Australian based.
+I thought Dark Places was better than Sharp Objects. I loved effed up stories like that. The only thing I didn't like was the main character was so whiny and weak.
+dark places totally freaked me out. i finished it but i didnt like it at. all. good to know about "we were liars" that's on my reading list but aint nobody got time for a two star book ;0 xo jillian - cornflake dreams
+Still Alice is on one of my book challenge lists and I can't even wait to get to it.
+I started reading Room years ago and never got into it and never finished it, although I think it's still on my TBR list.
+I enjoyed Mindy's book more than Amy Poehler's book, maybe because it was less about being stoned and more about making it.
+I adored the two Melina Marchetta books I've read. That one and The Piper's Son I think the other one was called.
+I love Judy Blume, all of her books, and I always will. She has a new one out and I need to get my hands on that.
+Seriously with that whistling thing? That enrages me. Stupid mistake and where is the editor? It makes me want to set books on fire.
+Your skimmers comment makes me laugh, haha.
+I will be checking out Tidying up, Cranford, The Forgotten Carden and Room. I need some new books :)!
+Dark Places both intrigues and scares me, lol! OMG Judy Blume!! I loved her as a kid!
+Room. Holy shit. That book was amazing. Sadly, Frog Music, by the same author was not great. Don't bother with it.
+Paper Towns, Still Alice, Dark Places, Mindy's book, Saving Francesca...loved them all!! Especially Saving Francesca. I keep hearing not so great things about We Were Liars and I'm questioning if I should keep it on my list.
+The Tidying Up book is on hold at the library.
+I still can't get over how fast you read. I used to have Room years ago, never read it. Just one of those I never got to. I hated Sharp Objects by Gillian Flynn, it took me years to actually finish it. It was her 1st novel and I just wasn't into it. Everyone raved about Gone Girl (still not read) and now everyone's on the fence about Dark Places. We'll see I guess
+I still plan to read Still Alice. Is it a crying book? Mindy's book put me to sleep - literally. The Tidying-Up book is on my audio book list.
+I'm sold on the Royal We by the cover alone! Definitely want to read that and of course anything with Mindy Kaling :-D
+Ahh Judy Blume memories! Maybe I'll go back and read one or two. A while ago when I was feeling a bit down, my husband bought me a book to cheer me up. That book was Room. Seriously.....
+You and I have very similar taste in books! I was reading your reviews like, yes, yes, yes! Totally agree on We were Liars and Landline.
+I was obsessed with "Room", it was one of my favorite reads ever. So interesting and different.
+Too bad you weren't into "We Were Liars" - I heard good things about that!
+So many of these books are on my to read list already...but I managed to find a few more to add. Like Room, I probably wouldn't read it based on the summary on goodreads but your review makes me want to. I freaking loved Attachments and really want to get to Eleanor & Park and Landline. I love book link up day!!!!
+So many great reads that I also want to read like Room! I'm still not a John Green fan, sorry, even after reading Stars, Alaska and Paper Towns. Also, I agree with you about Landline. Something was missing from the story and I felt no emotional connection the characters, which is odd. DEFINITELY E&P and Attachments are better. Did you like Fangirl? I liked that a tad bit more than E&P.
+Holy Moses you read a lot this month! Dark Places is on my book challenge list but I don't mind dark books so I think I might like it. Paper Town and Still Alice are on my long list of books to read. One day! Ha!
+I almost bought Room on Audible! It seems to have very mixed reviews...maybe I will look for it at the library so I can read without the commitment :)
+I'm 3/4 of the way through Sharp Objects right now and I want to read Dark Places next. I am probably the only person who actually liked the ending for Gone Girl. I really just love Gillian Flynn's writing style. I felt the same way about Marie Kondo's book. I actually wrote a review about it. It was inspiring, but some of it was a little too much.
+You got a whole lot of reading done! I'm on the hold list for The Royal We and I cannot WAIT to read it! I also watched the Lifetime movie, so I kind of feel like an expert on that whole situation. I hated Sharp Objects but thought Gone Girl was really well written so maybe I'll torture myself with Dark Places. I was not a fan of We Were Liars. I actually ended up not finishing it, which turned out to be okay with me when a friend revealed that I was right about what I thought the ending would be. Landline was definitely not my favorite Rowell. Mindy is supposed to be my BFF. . . she just doesn't know it yet. I'm working on it. I read Room forever ago, but it's one of those books that has completely contributed to my paranoia.
+I am dying to read Dark Places and Sharp Objects! I am hesitant to read Paper Towns...I am probably in the minority but I didn't love the Fault in Our Stars so I am not super keen on reading any more John Green books. I am jealous that you have been reading so much lately!
+Paper Towns is sitting next to my bed so I'm glad you liked it but I'm probably in the same boat and won't love it as much as TFIOS. Can't wait to read what you have to say about about Saint Anything also! - Svetlana @Life with a Side of Wine
+Room was the book that pulled me out of a long reading slump in college. I picked it up on a whim for some airport reading and it was soooo good.
+Totally agree about Gillian Flynn. She is super messed up! Wonder what she's like in person? I love reading your reviews, and it also bothers me when authors aren't consistent in books. Dan tries to find in shows when something isn't consistent (it's always a challenge he loves) so I bet he would love that :) Adding some of these to my list!
+LOVED Still Alice. See, I actually thought Kristen Stewart did a good job in the movie! And that's the first time I've ever thought she was good in anything. I am obsessed with Gillian Flynn's books. Maybe I'm a weirdo. Ha. I just read Sharp Objects and I thought it was her creepiest book yet...and I loved it.
+You and me both! I finished two books on the planes to and from AK and one before we left. Part way through another now. I can't help but loving Kate and Will... I saw paper dolls and Target and I was like OMG I need these. Weird. : / XO -Alexandra
+Simply Alexandra: My Favorite Things
+I love Dark Places. I love books like it (it sounds weird and creepy but I do). I need to catch up on Under the Never Sky series. I read the first book liked it but never picked the next two. Also Still Alice is one of my favorite books of this year so far.
+I felt the same way about Rainbow Rowell and Landline. I hope she redeems herself with her nupcoming book. Together was my absolute favorite book as a kid! I have The Royal We and The Summer I Turned Pretty on my nightstand right now. Although, that whistling thing is pretty irritating! I'm adding Saving Francesca to my list!
+I am glad that someone else was kind of on the fence with We Were Liars as well! It wasn't awful...I just didn't enjoy it that much...I liked Landline as well but it was for sure not my favorite Rowell book!
+Your book reviews are amazing - short and to the point, that's my jam! I officially have added three more books to my reading list - thank you for the Cranford recommendation! I probably will start with North & South - I absolutely loved the miniseries, so I'm sure the book is way better. Also, your comment about Gillian Flynn being the most effed up author ever made me literally laugh out loud - I'm convinced she's a nut job.
+so I've got to read the Royal We. Also, I was NOT a fan of The Summer I Turned Pretty either. And finally... Saving Francesca has been on my list FOREVER. I need to finally read it.
+Sarah
+Midwest Darling
+Gillian Flynn is one of my absolute favorite authors but you're totally right, she's definitely got an effed up mind.
+OMG-Room? I read that a few years ago and still thinking about it creates ALL KINDS OF EMOTIONS. That was an unbelievable book. I could not put it down.
+I think I'm going to read The Royal We on vacation in September. It looks like a good easy read for sitting next to the pool! :)
+My boss raves about Still Alice and OMG The Royal We...totally added that one. I might own the Lifetime movie, so that's definitely one I'm hoping the library has.
+Gillian Flynn is my favorite author right now. I read all three of her books and have been searching for more books like hers. I guess messed up books are my thing right now :)
+JUST AS LONG AS WE'RE TOGETHER <3 <3 <3 Still, forever, one of my all-time favorites. Have you read Here's To You, Rachel Robinson? Judy can seriously do no wrong. I read Mindy's book a few years back and loved it, but I was already quite a fan of hers. I finished Paper Towns this much too and liked it, but didn't love it. Not as high ranking as TFIOS for me, but maybe tied with An Abundance of Katherines. I haven't read Looking for Alaska yet though. And I actually also just got a recommendation for Landline this weekend, so I'm adding that to the list. I've juuuust started Eleanor & Park, so we'll see what I think of Rainbow :)
+Girl you are a reading machine!!! I have a few of these on my list, so I'm happy to hear you liked them!
+Is it bad, I'm so glad you didn't like We Were Liars, either? I think it could have been good- or an interesting storyline but I couldn't stand the way it was written- just not for me! The Forgotten Garden looks so good, and I'm reading Saving Francesca right now- I think I saw it on you post it on Goodreads. I'm not very far into it because something is wrong with me and I haven't been reading at all lately.
+I'm reading Dark Places right now. I'm only 10 pages in, so I don't have an opinion yet other than she is a really great writer. We'll see...I do like very dark stories for some reason. haha. And Room is definitely on my list of to-reads!
+I've got Room on my list and so glad you gave it 5 stars!!!!
+I felt the same way about Landline- it was good but not amazing. I have Paper Towns on my bookshelf- will need to give it a read soon.
+I just finished "In Too Deep" by Mara Jacobs. It is in the trashy-ish adult romance section (a guilty pleasure of mine!), but had a much better plot than I was expecting. It is currently free for Kindle right now:
+I ramble a lot (especially if I'm writing book reviews). I actually enjoy more detailed reviews, though, so feel free to ramble on!
+I love Gillian Flynn! I always say that she writes the way I aspire to write. I'm sure I probably sound like kind of a psycho now, but hopefully not. This type of book is most definitely my thing, but I liked Sharp Objects a little more than Dark Places. I read them both a couple of years ago, though, so now I don't really remember why.
+I think I'll probably read Paper Towns at some point. I loved The Fault in Our Stars (and YA isn't usually my thing), so I want to check out more John Green novels.
+I hate when authors are inconsistent as well (as with The Summer Series). It especially annoys me when they're inconsistent within the same book from chapter to chapter. That's pretty unforgivable, in my opinion. And I have to ask: Where are the editors?
+I actually didn't like Room when I read it a few years ago. I liked some parts, but I remember getting annoyed with the writing style several times. I knew going in that it was told from a child's point of view, but I didn't realize this would frustrate me so much. I'm glad you liked it, though … I feel like most people do (which is probably why I was so disappointed when I didn't).
+I'm still trying to decide if I should pick up Still Alice. I've heard so many great things, but my grandpa died last year of complications from dementia. I'm just not sure I'm ready to deal with a book that depicts Alzheimer's right now. I may put it on my "To Read" list and come back to it when I'm ready.
+I have Mindy's book and Still Alice on hold currently. I agree with you on the Landline, I liked the story and characters, but magic phone...meh. It was a stretch. The Forgotten Garden sounds interesting. I hate when there are inconsistencies in stories, it bugs me so much!! You had a ton of reading this month!
+As always, thank you for the reviews! Glad to hear we were on the same page with Life-Changing Magic. Good tips...not entirely on board with all of her suggestions! LOL. Dark Places....I also would have rated it a three. Probably my least fave of Gillian's. Have you read The Last Anniversary by Liane Moriarty? I really liked her other books but...eek. That one would only get 2 stars from me. (speaking of least faves by an author!)
+Didn't love Dark Places, but I love Gillian Flynn's writing!
+I've been putting off reading Paper Towns, because I loved TFIOS so much and my expectations are super high... I don't know. I'm torn haha!
+I'm reading another Rainbow Rowell book right now (Eleanor & Park) - it's decent! Started off slow for me but has improved :)
+I'm sad that I was disappointed with Room when I read it. I had a hard time finishing it....
+Definitely want to read Still Alice. I've heard really great things!!
+20 Lines That Could Have Dramatically Changed “The Lord of the Rings”
+David Louis Edelman December 8th, 2006
+- Gandalf: “Before you decide whether we should go through the Mines of Moria, Frodo, I should warn you that there’s a 30-foot-tall flame-spewing demon servant of the ancient god Morgoth hanging out down there. Just thought you’d want to know that.”
+Pippin: “You want a song, Denethor? All right, stand back everybody — here’s a little number from NWA called ‘Fuck Tha Police.’”
+- Sauron: “I know it’s preposterous, Witch-King. But we’ve got more than enough orcs here to wipe out Gondor. Post a thousand Uruk-hai by the lava pit on Mount Doom, just in case. Humor me.”
+- Frodo: “You’re right, Sam. Let’s tie Gollum up and leave him here in Emyn Muir. No, wait, I’ve got a better idea — let’s torture the slimy bastard.”
+- Merri: “No, actually, running from screeching Black Riders in the middle of the night doesn’t sound like our idea of fun. Come on, Pippin, we’re outta here. There’s a barrel of pipeweed with our names on it back in Hobbiton.”
+- Aragorn: “You little hairy bastards are much too stupid to be trusted with that ring. Hand it over and go home. I’ll take it to Rivendell already — you’re just slowing me down.”
+- Eowyn: “Actually, Arwen sounds kind of cute. Do Dunedain Rangers practice polyamory?”
+- Saruman: “On second thought, betraying the gods in Valinor who sent me to Middle Earth and forsaking an eternity of immortal bliss just so I can lord it up with a second-rate evil sorcerer doesn’t sound like such a good idea. Let’s breed an army of eagles instead and get that bitch to Mount Doom pronto.”
+- Sam: “All right, Frodo, you’re getting way too attached to that ring, and we both know it. From now on, we stick that thing in a backpack and carry it in shifts.”
+- Gondorian beacon lighter #7: “Nah, don’t worry, baby. I’ve been stationed here for twenty years, and they’ve never asked me to light that thing. We mostly just sit around playing cards. Nobody’ll notice if I take the night off.”
+- Butterbur: “I told those Hobbits not to make a mess in my establishment. The stupid Scottish one spilled beer all over the floor. Don’t bother going to that room, Mr. Black Rider — they’re up on the third floor with the Ranger.”
+- Elrond: “I’m sorry, we’re not authorized to perform any Elvish medicine on this wounded Hobbit of yours until we’ve seen proof of insurance. You’ll just have to take him somewhere else.”
+- Pippin: “Thanks for busting up Isengard, Treebeard. Don’t get too settled, though — we’re taking the ents and the huorns to Gondor next. Yes, I know it’s a long way, but they already walked to Helm’s Deep, right? Besides, they’re trees. What else do they have to do?”
+- Elrond: “The Council made a resolution suggesting we take the ring to Mordor and cast it back into Mount Doom, but looks like we’ve been filibustered by the Gondorian delegation. Guess the bill’s going back to committee. Frickin’ Democrats.”
+- Nazgul #4: “You know, if we stopped screeching at the top of our lungs for once, we might be able to sneak up on those little fuckers.”
+- Galadriel: “Thanks, Frodo, that ring will go nicely in my collection. I mean, I’ve already been rebelling against the Valar for thousands of years — no reason to stop now.”
+- Arwen: “Let me see… Another forty years with the man I love, or the rest of eternity frolicking with all my friends and family in a deathless land with the gods right next door. When you put it that way, it’s really not much of a decision, is it? Besides, Aragorn’s already got Eowyn, and I’ve got my sub love slave Figwit.”
+- Faramir: “You know, Frodo, I’ve got about 50 men here with me. We could take you as far as Cirith Ungol and wipe out that evil giant spider demon. It’s the least I could do, considering the fate of all Middle Earth is in your hands. Denethor’s just going to send me to defend a deserted city anyway.”
+- Rosie: “Forget it, Sam, you pretended I didn’t exist and then disappeared off to who knows where for a year. What was I supposed to do, wait around for you forever? I married Fatty Bolger instead.”
+- Gollum: “Okay, we finally gots our ring back. Now let’s not waste time celebrating, eh, precious? Put on the ring, push nasty Hobbitses into volcano, and let’s get back to cave and nice fish. Niiiiice fish.”
+I am soooo glad I did not happen to have a cup of tea at my lips!
+LOL!!!!
+Yes, definitely requires a ‘do not drink when reading this’ warning!
+Especially number 12. Tsk tsk Frodo, did you not get a referral from your Primary Care Physician?
+Great examples of why we need “suspension of disbelief” so much.
+Actually, the line that would have changed everything completely:
+Elrond: “Sorry, Isuldur, we’ve spilled too much blood for you to go muck it all up with a momentary fit of self-delusion. Either that ring goes into the fire or both of you do.”
+[...] 20 Lines That Could Have Dramatically Changed The Lord of the Rings—“I know it’s preposterous, Witch-King. But we’ve got more than enough orcs here to wipe out Gondor. Post a thousand Uruk-hai by the lava pit on Mount Doom, just in case. Humor me.” 3:00 pm comment [...]
+[...]) [...]
+Tom Bombadil: “Oh, you’ve got a cursed ring there, have you? Need to drop it in Mount Doom to destroy it? Nothing easier! Sing hey, ho, Jolly Tom, alder branch and willow, nothing up my sleeve, hey, presto! There you go! Nipped it right into Mount Doom we have! Now let’s see if the River’s Daughter has tea ready for elevenses, eh wot?”
+Don’t ask where much of my beer is currently…!
+[...] Also from AA: 20 Lines That Could Have Dramatically Changed The Lord of the Rings. [...]
+My actual favorite was in the readers comments:
+LOL!
+Great, but you got the party wrong on number 14. We all know the Repubs would be all over that ring of power. A few more years of their environmental rollbacks, and the US will look like Mordor anyway.
+I’m in lurve!
+I’ve always wondered why they just stared at Gandalf hanging from the ledge as he said “fly you fools!” Why didn’t they just run over and pull him up?
+Because a Balrog was attached to his ankle?
+I discussed that with a friend of mine once, and his conclusion was: the bridge was collapsing, Gandalf knew that if everyone rushed onto the bridge to save him they’d all go tumbling down. Makes sense to not have Frodo rush out there and risk losing the Ring.
+Of course, it’s a nice theory, but the film doesn’t really show that the bridge was unstable. Maybe if Jackson had shown the bridge crumbling down when Gandalf fell…
+Bilbo: I’m keeping the ring. Bye.
+Sauron
+wish I’d built some kind of redundancy into that damn ring…with the benefit of hindsight an extra £20 wasnt all that much
+Elrond to Frodo -
+here’re four tickets to the Rivendell cakefest. Glorfindel, get a couple of mates and my riding boots and meet us out front.
+I think 1, 3 and 8 would have made the most difference, I mean if Sauron knows that the ring can only be destroyed in the fires of Mount DOOM, and feeling it approach, why te fuck did he not send orcs to protect the damn mountain? And why did gandalf not send an eagle to help frodo earlier? it would have taken the eagle 2 hours to get to the fucking mountain and it took frodo about 2 months, in those two months thousands of people got killed… a lot of ppl are stupidin this movie…
+Only the Valar can send eagles (and wizards for that matter).
+Then use the Witch King’s spare dragons. There’s enough flying beasties.
+When your only guardians a Shelob (who can be taken out with a well-placed sword) and the lack of dining facilities (which can be gotten around with some Elven power bars or a taste for sushi), you’ve really have left yourself open. Unless there’s something like this…
+Sauron: “Forged in the fires of Mount Doom, you say? You mean you actually believed my press release? Well, to tell you the truth–not that you’ll believe me, of course–but I forged AT Mt. Doom using the dragonfire of Smaug. You know, the one I carefully maneuvered into getting killed after arranging for my ring to be picked up by whatsisname, Bilbo, wasn’t it? Anyway, if you really want to destroy me, have fun retrieving the ring from the heart of a FREAKING VOLCANO then figuring out how to resurrect a notably cranky DEAD DRAGON and find something to bribe him with while you’re at it! Ha-ha-ha!”
+All this is fun, but let’s not lose sight of one of the chief lessons Tolkein was dramatizing–(A) that evil people are by and large also fairly stupid and (B) good people are often naive and trusting, which is one of the reasons they’re “good” people. Hence this list becomes a litany of all the things one could say after the fact of any confrontation between the two.
+However, Gandalf has NO excuse, having lived long enough…
+Anyway.
+Agreed, Mark. I liked your original point — it’s all about suspension of disbelief. The thing that’s amazing about Tolkien is not how much implausible stuff there is in those books, but how far fans are willing to go to explain the discrepancies. One of my guilty pleasures is the Green Books column on TheOneRing.net, where “scholars” go to amusing and sometimes absurd lengths to justify the implausible elements of Tolkien’s stories. It’s good reading.
+Mark,
+For me, one of Tolkien’s lessons in LOTR was that greed was blinding. While, after-the-fact, guarding Mt. Doom seemed the obvious thing to do, to destroy an object that could provide dominance seemed incomprehensible to Sauron and nearly everyone opposed to him.
+The leaders amongst the Elves: Elrond and Galadrial, were strong enough to accept that the ring needed to be destroyed, but too weak to trust themselves to be the ones to try and do it.
+For all that can be pointed to in the LOTR or many other major works in terms of discrepancies, in the end, it is a story of sacrifice and change. While Tolkien didn’t use the term magic, his trilogy was about Middle Earth sacrificing all of its good magic for the sake of ridding its lands of its bad magic.
+If one reads the Silmarillion, this choice by Elrond and Galadrial (and Gandalf) to leave the world to Men, to let go of their status and power in Middle Earth, is understandable.
+Frodo and Sam embody this theme of sacrifice and change. Frodo sacrifices his own health and happiness and prosperity and Sam changes and grows into the Hobbit who can carry the Shire forward – for a little while, since, they too must fade away. In a sense, the participation of the 4 hobbits sealed the decline of their own race and culture.
+While the multi-race makeup of the Fellowship has become a fantasy staple, in his trilogy each race that was sacrificing its own future (without knowing perhaps) was represented.
+Anyway, just some thoughts of mine on what Tolkien was showing.
+Bilbo: No thanks, slimy little creature, I don’t want to play a riddle game with you. But if you’d be kind enough to show me the way out of this tunnel, I’ll give you this little ring I found…
+So, so, so awesome.
+Whispers in the Dark?….No wonder Gulom hate Baggonses!!!
+[...] Posted in links, play, artifacts, fic at 13:40 by skg046 20 lines that could’ve changed LotR (inevitably shaded a bit by the films) [...]
+Elrond: “I’m sorry, we’re not authorized to perform any Elvish medicine on this wounded Hobbit of yours until we’ve seen proof of insurance. You’ll just have to take him somewhere else.”
+Hilarious.
+I just now found this from your “Best of the Blog” list.
+These are hilarious, but it also occurs to me that several of them show why the movie messed the story up. #1, for instance – in the book, Gandalf doesn’t dump the choice of route on the innocent Frodo, who has no facts on which to base a decision. Instead, he and Aragorn, who are well-informed about the dangers, argue it out.
+And #3 – the reason Sauron doesn’t just guard Mount Doom is because it never occurred to him that his enemies might want to destroy the Ring. To him, the lure of power is too great, and the actions of characters like Saruman and Boromir show why Sauron has a reason to think so.
+Also, Middle-earth isn’t a gameboard. It’s not like there’s a dotted line leading to the Mountain, and all you have to do is place your little plastic Nazgul on top of it and you can stop any other player who comes along.
+This isn’t a matter of “suspension of disbelief” which some of your commenters seem to be using as a condescending synonym for “I don’t buy the plot, but I’ll go along with it for the sake of the cool sfx.” This is fundamentally built into the story as Tolkien wrote it.
+And many of the others. But I’ve hammered on your cute little jokes enough already.
+In many of these instances, people are assuming that the characters can see what they see as readers/audience. However, the characters often make the right choice based on their knowledge at the time. I understand most of them are just funny, and I was rotfl, but some other comments criticized the plot. Gandalf had no idea where frodo was, or even whether he was alive. Also, If someone had mentioned Shelob while talking to Faramir, he would have no idea who you were talking about. He had never been in that tunnel! And about the apparently important issue with Sauron sensing the rig’s approach: My theory is, he was too preoccupied with attacking Gondor at the time,and sending his entire army to crush them. He probably figured that the ring would just fall int his control. Arrogant, yes, but that’s the way powerful people think, right? (just look at our president) He probably also didn’t think that his enemies even knew where it was forged. I agree with most of the comments specific to the movie; they really messed it up.
+EVERYONE READ THE BOOK!!! IT’S WAY BETTER!!! I READ IT 8 TIMES!
+Also, you shouldn’t assume you can point out mistakes by the author. He worked at that story for years, and would know a lot more about it than any of you.
+And you know what happens when you ASSUME?
+you make an ASS
+out of U
+and ME
+Gandalf: Bilbo, I want you to put that ring right back where you found it. And don’t you ever let me catch you picking anything up if you don’t know where it’s been again! And, someone could be looking for it!
+you all thought i was boring huh? =)
+LOL, very good!
+And good points Dreadan.
+Another point, we wouldn’t have a story if any of those things happened. And I think that THAT was the real purpose, eh?
+Quick Update: The best portable radios for most people is the Sony ICF-S10MK2. (See the in-depth review just below)
+Radios are made to keep people entertained in their free time. A portable radio is wireless and has a small size which makes it easier for us to carry it anywhere we go.
+A portable radio keeps you updated about current affairs, latest songs, etc. on the go – One should always keep himself updated no matter where he goes.
+Portable radios are very popular these days, so we thought of making a quick guide for you that will help you get the best radio of all. Let’s take a look!
+Top 5 Best Portable Radio Reviews
+Here are the quick picks:
+Sony ICF-S10MK2
+The one that lets you listen to current affairs and latest songs on any radio channels and provides various functions are the most needed features we want in a portable radio. You’ll be glad to know that Sony Pocket ICF-S10MK2 radio has it all.
+The Telescoping antenna is there to provide you with the strongest signals no matter where you go. It is designed in such a way that it can easily fit in your shirt or jacket pocket. The light 3.2 ounces weight makes it easier to carry for everyone. For making it more convenient, Sony has provided its users with a carrying strap which will allow them to place it safely on one side.
+The built-in sound system is truly amazing. It provides clear and crisp sound quality. And for people who love using it while jogging they’ll be glad to know that it has a mono earphone jack which allows the users to connect their headphones and listen to whatever they want. It also supports AM and FM broadcasts.
+The built-in LED tuning indicator makes it very interesting. The dimensions of this radio are 2.8 x 1.1 x 4.6 inches. The output power of this radio is 100mW. The 2 AA batteries have a long playtime on a single charge.
+Sony ICFP26 Radio
+Most of the Radio lovers know about Sony products because of the quality they always come up with. They produce high-quality products to serve their customers in the best possible way. Keeping this in mind, Sony has come up with another top-selling product which is the ICFP26 Radio.
+Just like ICF-S10MK2, ICFP26 is also equipped with 2 AA batteries which work great on a single charge. The built-in 100mW speakers provide great sound quality and have a 1/8” headphone jack which allows the users to listen to songs or news by not disturbing anyone around them. This portable radio has a small size and weighs only 7 ounces. Its dimensions are 3 x 1.9 x 5.8 inches.
+The analog display lets you know about the volume levels as well as the radio channel you are listening to. It is no doubt very easy to use and provides the best features. The carrying strap is another plus point of this portable radio because it makes it a lot more convenient for the users. Last but not the least, the Telescoping antenna provides strong signals no matter wherever you go. It still provides with best sound quality without any distortion.
+Kaito KA200
+The next on our list is Kaito KA200 portable radio. It delivers high-frequency range which will let you listen to songs on any radio channel you want. The tuning LED indicator makes it an interesting radio. The LED light is provided to indicate you with all changes or details. The built-in Hi-quality circuit makes it better than all.
+It has a super slim size and weighs only 3.2 ounces. The dimensions of the radio are 3.5 x 0.8 x 2.3 inches. It is known to be the best portable radio for travelers or sports lovers. Now they can easily take advantage of it and keep themselves up to date by using this radio wherever they do. The earphone jack will allow them to plug in their headphones and use it as much they want without disturbing anyone around them. Yes, if you are thinking of spending money on this radio this won’t be a bad choice because it will do its job very well.
+In short, this radio is awesome for the price. It has a small size, solid feel, good reception size, easy to use and delivers loud and clear sound. So why go for any other when it has all the things you are looking for?
+Sony ICF38BAT
+Talking about a portable radio, size matters the most. Obviously, if it’s too big it will be difficult to carry and won’t be considered as a portable one. Sony ICF38BAT is a compact radio which is suitable for traveling and home use.
+This portable radio has a built-in antenna which helps to provide best and strong signals no matter where you use it. It has an analog tuner and wide frequency range. The LED light helps to indicate minute details so you can easily change settings accordingly. The long battery life makes it convenient for the users because the 2 AA batteries give a playtime of up to 80 hours while their output power is 400mW.
+Sony is known for delivering best quality products and so, this radio delivers clear and crisp sound quality which doubles the joy. The mono speakers really are amazing. The weight of this radio is 2.4 pounds and the dimensions are 10.5 x 6.3 x 3.7 inches. This radio is very easy to use, has good sound quality and not tiny at all. It is actually perfect to use even late at night.
+Jensen CD-490
+Keeping ourselves updated with all the happenings around us is the most important thing nowadays. One can simply not go without keeping himself updated. It’s important for us to know what’s happening over the globe and for this purpose a portable radio is very helpful.
+Yes, the next on our list is Jensen CD-490! It is made to deliver best quality sound and provides you with all radio channels you wish to listen. The handlebar makes it ultra-portable. Users can carry it easily by using the handle. Now even listening to your favorite music is not difficult because this radio has a built-in CD player too which will allow you to listen to your favorite collection anytime you want. For making these things easier, Jensen has provided their customers with a LED display which will let you know about every detail you want to know whether volume levels or track number, etc.
+Those multiple buttons are provided so one can easily skip, rewind or play/pause a specific song easily. And if you are thinking of using it without disturbing others around us, then you’ll be glad to know that the headphone jack will do a great job.
+For all the music lovers, Jensen has something for you that will surprise you. This time, it has come up with an auxiliary input jack that will help you to connect your MP3 players, iPods, etc. Isn’t that amazing? Hence, all the above-mentioned information explains how useful this radio is. It is ultra-portable and equipped with the best features one can find in a radio.
+Supersonic SC1082
+A good radio is a radio that is easy to use, delivers good sound quality and accommodates all radio stations. Since Supersonic SC1028 portable radio has it all, this is the best one for you!
+You can take this radio with you no matter wherever you go. It will prove itself to be the best companion at all times. It not only keeps you updated about current affairs or latest songs but also plays your favorite collection. Now the first thing that would’ve popped up in your mind is how can it play your favorite songs? Well, you’ll be glad to know that it has an SD card and an USB port which will allow you to play your favorite music on the go
+It is not only equipped with good features, but it is also Energy Star Certified. Obviously, a bad product would never get certified but this little monster is! The compact design makes it easy for the users to carry because of the handle that is provided on the top. It has a light weight of 2 pounds and the dimensions of this radio are 7 x 4 x 6 inches. Though it is small in size but it delivers clear and crisp sound quality and has a flashlight too which will work perfectly in a dark room. Even the built-in rechargeable batteries work perfectly on a single charge. This is no doubt a great desk radio for an office.
+Sony ICF-F10
+How can one call it a portable radio when it has a heavy weight and cannot be carried easily? Well, Sony ICF-F10 is very convenient and ultra-portable.
+The small size with a convenient strap has a compact design which will look perfect on your office desk. People who love entertainment no matter wherever they go, this is for them! Now they can take it everywhere they go whether at a beach or home. It has a tuning knob which will help to easily tune the channels according to your requirement. Though it works on batteries but when it serves in such a great way, nobody would mind changing its batteries. No?
+The Ferrite bar telescopic swivel antenna is perfect to provide the best range everywhere. It can be easily adjusted and known for excellent reception. It has a large 3.75” speaker that is there to provide good sound quality. The total weight of this radio is 1 pound and its dimensions are 3 x 8 x 3 inches. So if you are searching for a good portable radio for your office or home then this will do a great job.
+Sony SRF-18
+Last, but not the least! Sony known for delivering quality products has come up with another top selling product that is the Sony SRF-18 portable radio. It is not only easy to carry but delivers good sound quality too.
+The compact design makes it be the most different radio from all. It will not only look perfect on your desk but will serve you in the best possible way. It is best for those who love traveling because they can easily carry it along no matter wherever they go. The antenna will provide them maximum signals and accommodate all radio channels. It has built-in FM/AM radio tuner and a power amplifier which will deliver best sound quality. And if you want to listen to your favorite music by connecting your audio device then you can easily do that by the help of the audio-in jack provided.
+The total weight of this little gadget is 6.4 ounces and its measurements are 3 x 6 x 2 inches. It has an amazing sound for such a small unit. Remember it is not water resistant so always keep it away from water and it will do a great job. Good looks, amazing sound quality and ultra-portable! What else are you looking for?
+Types of Portable Radios:
+Here are some of the types of Portable Radios that one should know before getting one.
+• Portable Digital Radios
+Portable Digital Radios are the type of radios that have a sleek design and small in size. Such radios play an important role when it comes to connecting various devices such as PC, media players, and other such devices. This feature is helpful because users can listen to their favorite music by easily connecting their devices.
+• Portable Satellite Radios
+A Portable Satellite Radio helps to keep you updated via satellite. It keeps you entertained such as sports, music, talks, traffic, etc. They ensure to provide high-quality performance and digital audio content.
+• Portable Two-way Radios
+Two-way Radios are also known as walkie-talkies. They are usually used in business settings. It transmits and receives signals. It uses a PTT button or a Push-To-Talk button for activation.
+• Portable Internet Radios
+Portable internet Radios are convenient to use because users can easily connect the radio to the internet and listen to whatever music they want to listen. It transmits audio over the internet continuously.
+• Portable AM/FM Radios
+Portable AM/FM Radios are the most commonly used radios. They have a small size and used for chat and music only. They contain fewer features e.g. alarms and timers only. They are comparatively used by old aged people because it fulfills their needs just as they want. These radios are very user-friendly.
+• Portable TV Radios
+Such radios have built-in AM/FM in them. These radios allow people to listen to audio directly from TV shows. They are less preferred because people nowadays do not use such radios.
+Factors to consider before buying a Portable Radio:
+Here are some of the factors that need to be considered before buying a portable radio:
+• Sound quality:
+Make sure that the radio you wish to use has a good sound quality. Always go for the one that has a high-quality built-in speaker and delivers clear and crisp sound no matter wherever you use it.
+• Headphone jack:
+The headphone jack is just another plus point in a portable radio. It lets you listen to whatever you want without disturbing other around you. So if your radio has a headphone jack, it will be fun!
+• Auxiliary input:
+If you are searching for a good portable radio, then go for the one that has an auxiliary input too. This feature will help you to connect your mobile devices, iPods, and MP3 players, etc. This feature is very useful because you can listen to your favorite playlist anytime you want.
+• Waterproof:
+If you are a swimming lover, then a waterproof radio is a must. This feature will allow you to use the radio even if water falls on it.
+Advantages and Disadvantages:
+Though radios do not have any disadvantage as such but let’s take a look on some of their pros and cons:
+Pros:
+• They are small in size but delivers great sound quality.
+• A type of media that covers huge population.
+• They have built-in rechargeable batteries which give a long playtime.
+• Some of them handle in them which it convenient for the users to carry.
+• The light weight makes them ultra-portable.
+• Important news can be easily spread through radios.
+• The FM/AM function keeps you updated about latest songs and current affairs.
+• People can take them anywhere and get entertained whenever they want.
+• Some radios have a headphone jack which helps the users to connect their headphones and listen to songs without disturbing others around them.
+Cons:
+• There is no display in some of the radios.
+• It is an audio medium for communication.
+• Users need to adjust the frequency properly.
+How we picked:
+We gathered all the top information about portable radios and jotted down the most liked ones. We know which companies offer the best results and features and so we collected their best products at one place just for you. We know and respect our customers and so we try our best to provide them we top quality products and for this purpose, we made our research strong and then picked them.
+How we tested?
+After gathering all the best ones, we started experimenting the ones that we knew won’t disappoint us. We used them and checked if their features work well or not. And after all the tests and experiments we recommended you to buy them because we know they do a great job and if you are looking for a good portable radio that should be the best companion then all the above mentioned will do a great job especially Jensen CD-490 portable radio.
+Conclusion
+Portable radios enabled people to leave their living rooms without leaving behind the source of news and entertainment. These radios are highly preferred and liked because people know their worth. The plus point about these radios is that they can be carried everywhere you go. For people who love traveling, these are made for them! So stop looking for others and go for any of these. We assure you that you won’t get disappointed. Happy shopping!
+jaykang10 added a comment. > I believe the assumption is more practical: most part of upstream llvm targets only support vectors with even sized number of lanes. And in those cases you would have to expand to a 4x vector and leave the 4th element as undef anyway, so it was done in the front-end to get rid of it right away. Probably GPU targets do some special tricks here during legalization. I have compiled below code, which current clang generates for vec3, using llc with amdgcn target. LLVM IR (vec3 --> vec4) define void @foo(<3 x float>* nocapture %a, <3 x float>* nocapture readonly %b) { entry: %castToVec4 = bitcast <3 x float>* %b to <4 x float>* %loadVec4 = load <4 x float>, <4 x float>* %castToVec4, align 16 %storetmp = bitcast <3 x float>* %a to <4 x float>* store <4 x float> %loadVec4, <4 x float>* %storetmp, align 16 ret void } SelectionDAG after legalization. Legalized selection DAG: BB#0 'foo:entry' SelectionDAG has 43 nodes: t0: ch = EntryToken t2: i64,ch = CopyFromReg t0, Register:i64 %vreg0 t9: i64 = add t2, Constant:i64<40> t10: i32,ch = load<LD4[undef(addrspace=2)](nontemporal)(dereferenceable)(invariant)> t0, t9, undef:i64 t4: i64 = add t2, Constant:i64<36> t6: i32,ch = load<LD4[undef(addrspace=2)](nontemporal)(dereferenceable)(invariant)> t0, t4, undef:i64 t12: ch = TokenFactor t6:1, t10:1 t32: v4i32 = BUILD_VECTOR t22, t25, t27, t29 t21: v4f32 = bitcast t32 t18: v4i32 = bitcast t21 t22: i32,ch = load<LD4[%castToVec4](align=16)> t12, t10, undef:i32 t24: i32 = add t10, Constant:i32<4> t25: i32,ch = load<LD4[%castToVec4+4]> t12, t24, undef:i32 t26: i32 = add t24, Constant:i32<4> t27: i32,ch = load<LD4[%castToVec4+8](align=8)> t12, t26, undef:i32 t28: i32 = add t26, Constant:i32<4> t29: i32,ch = load<LD4[%castToVec4+12]> t12, t28, undef:i32 t31: ch = TokenFactor t22:1, t25:1, t27:1, t29:1 t35: i32 = extract_vector_elt t18, Constant:i32<0> t36: ch = store<ST4[%storetmp](align=16)> t31, t35, t6, undef:i32 t38: i32 = extract_vector_elt t18, Constant:i32<1> t39: i32 = add t6, Constant:i32<4> t40: ch = store<ST4[%storetmp+4]> t31, t38, t39, undef:i32 t42: i32 = extract_vector_elt t18, Constant:i32<2> t44: i32 = add t6, Constant:i32<8> t45: ch = store<ST4[%storetmp+8](align=8)> t31, t42, t44, undef:i32 t47: i32 = extract_vector_elt t18, Constant:i32<3> t49: i32 = add t6, Constant:i32<12> t50: ch = store<ST4[%storetmp+12]> t31, t47, t49, undef:i32 t51: ch = TokenFactor t36, t40, t45, t50 t17: ch = ENDPGM t51 As you can see, the SelectionDAG still has 4 load/store. Assembly output .section .AMDGPU.config .long 47176 .long 11272257 .long 47180 .long 132 .long 47200 .long 0 .long 4 .long 0 .long 8 .long 0 .text .globl foo .p2align 8 .type foo, at function foo: ; @foo ; BB#0: ; %entry s_load_dword s2, s[0:1], 0x9 s_load_dword s0, s[0:1], 0xa s_mov_b32 s4, SCRATCH_RSRC_DWORD0 s_mov_b32 s5, SCRATCH_RSRC_DWORD1 s_mov_b32 s6, -1 s_mov_b32 s8, s3 s_mov_b32 s7, 0xe8f000 s_waitcnt lgkmcnt(0) v_mov_b32_e32 v0, s0 buffer_load_dword v2, v0, s[4:7], s8 offen buffer_load_dword v3, v0, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:4 buffer_load_dword v4, v0, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:8 buffer_load_dword v0, v0, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:12 v_mov_b32_e32 v1, s2 s_waitcnt vmcnt(0) buffer_store_dword v0, v1, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:12 buffer_store_dword v4, v1, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:8 buffer_store_dword v3, v1, s[4:7], s8 offen offset:4 buffer_store_dword v2, v1, s[4:7], s8 offen s_endpgm .Lfunc_end0: .size foo, .Lfunc_end0-foo .section .AMDGPU.csdata As you can see, assembly also has 4 load/store. I think gpu target does not handle it specially. > My guess here is that targets that do care are looking through the vector shuffle and customizing to whatever seems the best to them. If you wanna change the default behavior you need some data to show that your model solves a real issue and actually brings benefits; do you have any real examples on where that happens, or why GPU targets haven't yet tried to change this? Maybe other custom front-ends based on clang do? Finding the historical reason (if any) should be a good start point. I did "git blame" and I read the commit's message. You can also see it with "c58dcdc8facb646d88675bb6fbcb5c787166c4be". It is same with clang code's comment. I also wonder how the vec3 --> vec4 load/store has not caused problems. As Akira's example, if struct type has float3 type as one of fields and it has 'packed' attribute, it overwrites next field. The vec3 load/store generates more instructions like stores and extract_vectors like below SelectionDAG. LLVM IR for vec3 define void @foo(<3 x float>* nocapture %a, <3 x float>* nocapture readonly %b) { entry: %0 = load <3 x float>, <3 x float>* %b, align 16 store <3 x float> %0, <3 x float>* %a, align 16 ret void } SelectionDAG after type legalization for amdgcn (other targets has similar SelectionDAG after type legalization because of widen vector store on type legalizer) Type-legalized selection DAG: BB#0 'foo:entry' SelectionDAG has 24 nodes: t0: ch = EntryToken t2: i64,ch = CopyFromReg t0, Register:i64 %vreg0 t4: i64 = add t2, Constant:i64<36> t6: i32,ch = load<LD4[undef(addrspace=2)](nontemporal)(dereferenceable)(invariant)> t0, t4, undef:i64 t9: i64 = add t2, Constant:i64<40> t10: i32,ch = load<LD4[undef(addrspace=2)](nontemporal)(dereferenceable)(invariant)> t0, t9, undef:i64 t12: ch = TokenFactor t6:1, t10:1 t21: v4i32,ch = load<LD16[%b]> t12, t10, undef:i32 t22: v2i64 = bitcast t21 t24: i64 = extract_vector_elt t22, Constant:i32<0> t25: ch = store<ST8[%a](align=16)> t21:1, t24, t6, undef:i32 t29: i32 = extract_vector_elt t21, Constant:i32<2> t27: i32 = add t6, Constant:i32<8> t30: ch = store<ST4[%a+8](align=8)> t21:1, t29, t27, undef:i32 t33: ch = TokenFactor t25, t30 t17: ch = ENDPGM t33 As you can see, the type legalizer handle vec3 load/store properly. It does not write 4th element. The vec3 load/store generates more instructions but it has correct behavior. I am not 100% sure the vec3 --> vec4 load/store is correct or not because no one has complained about it. But if the vec3 --> vec4 load/store is correct, llvm's type legalizer or somewhere on llvm's codegen could follow the approach too to generate optimal code. As a result, I think it would be good for clang to have both of features and I would like to stick to the option "-fpresereve-vec3' to change the behavior easily.
+ of The Economist readers who have commented have a clear understanding of property markets or the economics of taxation, I am afraid. From Adam Smith we learned something of land markets and the ideas that the rent of land is societally-created and is, therefore, the rightful source of public revenue. Collecting land rent is, then, not taxation because it is not confiscation of what individuals produce.
+What this means is that there is an optimum amount of revenue to be raised from the taxation of land values. Above this amount is both unjust confiscation of private property and economically inefficient (i.e., a disincentive to the production of goods or provision of services). Every parcel of land in our cities or towns or every tract of natural resource-laden land has an annual rental value that could be obtained under competitive bidding. This is the monetary value the community should collect, no more and no less. All buildings, which are produced assets, should be removed from the tax base.
+The net result of these measures would be that all land would be brought to its highest, best use. Profits from land speculation would disappear as land markets became competitive and imputed or actual income streams generated by simply owning land would no longer exist to be capitalized into higher and higher selling prices for land. Hoarding land, holding it off the market for years, decades or generations would be far more expensive than it is today.
+Taxing the rental value of land is progressive. Taxing the value of the buildings we construct and must maintain makes no sense.
+Adam Smith thought so. And, even Winston Churchill, campaigning for Parliament as a young member of the Radical Liberals said so in his speeches. Adopting their ideas is long overdue.
+Australia's Henry Tax Review discusses how stamp duty on property transfers are highly inefficient, while land taxes (on land value) are among the most efficient tax bases. The excess burden of Australian stamp duties is 63% of the revenue generated, compared with 6% for land tax (land tax causes some distortions since the principal place of residence is exempt).
+In America, at least, some of the taxes are misleading because in many states you will have hefty mortgage taxes--Pennsylvania, Virginia, Florida, and New York spring to mind--but they are often refinanced in with mortgage principal. That could cushion the blow, but leave states and municipalities at the mercy of the housing market.
+On another note, Texas may have cheap housing relative to California but last I remember they had some of the highest property taxes.
+I think this chart is slightly misleading. You should really split out transaction and property taxes - the UK is surely because of hefty stamp duty revenues, which are very different than a land value tax.
+I guess also it might be interesting to see the % as a % of total land value.
+@bampbs, Matt Yglesias' observation on the Georgian land tax seems accurate to me. "[I]t seems (a) extremely compelling and (b) to be made primarily by cranks."
+I, for one, support it but (b) does give me some pause.
+I fail to see why property taxes should necessarily be progressive. Oneofthepeople's comment on California aside, a progressive tax implies not merely that the rich pay more, but that they pay disproportionately more. A flat tax on a percentage of a property's value will fall disproportionately on those who spend the greatest share of their income on housing (whether the tax is paid directly, or indirectly in the form of higher rents).
+For many poor people, housing is often their single biggest expense. I wonder if the same is true for Fortune 500 CEOs?
+So Canada has the 2nd highest property taxes?? Well when I think about it now, it doesn't seem impossible, $600,000 house in Toronto (and that's nothing special) costs you some $5,000 per year - that's A LOT. Consider massive $16,000 land trasfer tax on the same property, and you realize you need a mortgage just to pay off your taxes...
+Elli
+The interest on UK property taxes seems to be less about the total take than about what is taxed. Council tax is levied on a banding system which doesn't tax very expensive properties any more than the merely expensive. The rest (I think) is stamp duty, which covers only transactions. All this is skewed in favour of those (generally elderly) people sitting in oversized houses, while hammering the young, who are paying lots of income tax anyway. At least wealthy expats are more likely to be caught by transaction taxes.
+I just hope that, when you have done each of the kinds of taxes, you do a combined chart. Because every time one of these individual charts comes out, someone here will be sure to use it to support his argument that that particular tax is too high, and should therefore be reduced. Without, very carefully without, acknowledging that the real question is not how high a particular tax is. It is what mix of taxes should be used to raise the required revenue.
+It is a discussion, or failure to have a discussion, which has greatly contributed to to getting California into the financial mess it is in, both statewide and for individual local governments.
+Henry George was by no means crazy.
+The trouble with both income and property taxes is that they are so twisted with loopholes, exemptions, credits, offsets, deductions and artificial bases as to be inherently unfair. The courts have given up on the valuable premise that overly-complex laws are unconstitutional.
+The founders' Treasury had a pretty good revenue base--it operated pretty much on consumption and transaction taxes. Of course nowadays smugglers are a lot more sophisticated, but one imagines that just a fraction of the IRS and DEA budgets would buy pretty effective enforcement of excise/stamp taxes and import/export tariffs.
+Bunch of small comments:
+1. Does it matter? The scale of the chart distorts the actual size of the difference. Is a 2% difference in how governments fund - local, regional, national - at all meaningful in the grand scheme? I've spent years tussling over proposed metrics that really measure nothing much of value or which actually measure the wrong thing. Different tax systems allocate taxes differently.
+2. We've argued before about house prices in England - specifically England, specifically the SE - being affected by London's role as a capital center. I think about this in light of property tax to income issues; people who live in houses for a long time may find themselves priced out by tax increases. I've come more to a belief in higher transfer taxes - though I hate them personally. Some locations, notably Cook County, IL, would value based on history purposefully to decrease the burden on old owners. That caused other distortions. There is no easy solution and that speaks to point 1: and what does it matter that there are differences of a few points across countries? It may be as pointless as the differences between collection methods, which in the US can be quarterly, semi-annually or annually.
+3. The argument about talent is hideously simplistic. How much talent does it take to make money in a zero interest environment? Talent in x job pays y but talent in a financial firm pays 200y just because financial firms tap directly into the flow of money and that has increased in velocity so many times it can't be counted. There are global competitions for talent: Silicon Valley can't fill all its jobs with Americans because its global position requires competing for the best talent from anywhere. But much of the rest is self-justifying nonsense of the lowest sort.
+Buttonwood,
+I've heard commentators on US TV say something like:
+"Fed Gov't Revenues (taxes) is 18% of GDP.
+Fed Gov't Expenditures (spending) is 29% of GDP.
+Hence a 11% deficit."
+Some in the US may misunderstand your chart and think that by
+raising property taxes we can narrow the deficit. Others
+may think that they are paying to much in Federal taxes,
+so cut property taxes.
+Regards
+Another clarification. We are using taxes as a proportion of GDP because that makes an international comparison easier; in some states, the tax goes to a local authority, in others to the national government. But it all comes to the same thing since if the local authority had no local revenue source, the national government would simply collect the tax and pass it down the chain. In Britain, for example, local governments collect a property-based tax but top that up with money from the government. This is all property-related taxes, from both business and homeowners.
+Thanks Buttonwood.
+My majority of property taxes go to the local gov't and schools.
+I'm not sure if any goes to the state.
+I'm pretty sure none goes to the Federal gov't.
+And I forgot to ask if business property is included.
+It might be a bit misleading? to use property tax as a percentage of GDP.
+Maybe property tax as percentage of value of home?
+After deduction for Fed taxes, mine comes out to 1.69%
+Maybe property tax as a percentage of gross wages?
+After deduction for Fed taxes, mine comes out to 1.87%
+Which shows that my house is valued at a bit over my gross income,
+but I purchased it years ago when I was making less.
+(I know, I should strip - take the equity out of it - or flip.)
+Regards
+To the extent that business property is taxed, it can be taken offshore. The competition between governmental units to attract business investment by offering tax abatements is evidence of the portability of business investment.
+Also, property tax burdens are capitalized into the value of real estate. To the extent that two jurisdictions offer the same government services but one has higher property tax rates, the real estate values will be lower.
+Now when the higher tax jurisdiction provides higher quality education services, the property values are higher to the capitalized value of not paying for private school for the students in the household.
+Property taxes are not always progressive. For example, CA exempts older dwellings from property tax increases over a certain percentage. Rich citizens who have lived on the family mansion for a number of years pay very little, while less well to do citizens who have newly purchased a dwelling pay quite a bit. In addition, the over reliance of some areas on the property tax leads to zoning regulations that mandate only very large/expensive McMansions be built (to maximize property taxes). This covert form of taxation leaves the less well to do with nowhere affordable to live.
+Its a major reason why CA et al have so many empty McMansions, and defaulting mortgages. Many citizens simply cannot afford the abodes that exist, so they don't pay for them. Renters necessarily pay all property taxes on their buildings, in the form of higher rents. Otherwise, the landlord would go out of business. Zoning often prevents the poor from renting smaller, which often means the public sector pays part of the rent (section 8). The public sector borrows money to afford it, which means more regressive printing tax is levied on the poor.
+Its rather a complex feedback loop.
+Just to respond to hedgefundguy, these figures are % of GDP raised in terms of revenue. the deductibility of interest payments is already reflected in the 3.2% figure
+America is fourth in the property tax take, despite the deductibility of mortgage payments
+Assuming the average tax bracket is 25%, then that 3.2% gets knocked down to 2.4%, putting the US near Switzerland.
+Regards
+le cheval in english
+Translations of the phrase LE MONDE DU CHEVAL from french to english and examples of the use of "LE MONDE DU CHEVAL" in a sentence with their translations: ...introduire les plus petits dans le monde du cheval . They are not selected or validated by us and can contain inappropriate terms or ideas. bab.la is not responsible for their content. French A cheval sur l'Equateur, le Congo est recouvert à 60 pour cent par la forêt dense. (Automobiles) (also: cheval vapeur) horsepower (no pl) 10 chevaux 10 horsepower (for tax purposes) 10 chevaux fiscaux 10 horsepower (for tax purposes) 50 chevaux au frein 50 brake horsepower ⧫ 50 b.h.p. Human translations with examples: horse, horses, c)emus, the bed, a) horse, the book, the horse, (a stable). Order food online at Le Cheval, Oakland with Tripadvisor: See 206 unbiased reviews of Le Cheval, ranked #56 on Tripadvisor among 1,370 restaurants in Oakland. le chevalet translation in French - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'cheval',chevet',chevalier',chevalerie', examples, definition, conjugation Ex : garçon - nm > On dira "le garçon" ou "un garçon". Cheval is contained in 5 matches in Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Too bad there's not much to do in the area for a weekend night out because it's a great place to start off for a group dinner." French Restaurant Traducción de 'Cheval' en el diccionario gratuito de inglés-español y muchas otras traducciones en español. For Frédéric, the horse is a mysterious animal with an unpredictable character. Cheval glass a mirror swinging in a frame, and large enough to reflect the full length figure. Usage Frequency: 4. Translation French - English Collins Dictionary. Many translated example sentences containing "Cheval" – Italian-English dictionary and search engine for Italian translations. Revisa las traducciones de 'cheval' en español. Exact: 26401. Translation of "cheval" in English horse riding ride pony horse-riding horsemeat rode saddle steed equine horsey Cheval Il doit être notre cheval national. See authoritative translations of Cheval in Spanish with example sentences, phrases and audio pronunciations. Traducción de 'cheval' en el diccionario gratuito de francés-español y muchas otras traducciones en español. (=manège) merry-go-round. Copyright © IDM 2020, unless otherwise noted. Everything name meaning, origin, pronunciation, numerology, popularity and more information about Cheval at NAMEANING.NET Find more French words at wordhippo.com! www2.parl.gc.ca T h e horse i s o ut of the chu te , we are riding and I do not think w e are g oing to make the eight s econds. 255 likes. Define Cheval. With our French 1 Travel-Story Course you'll practice French for FREE - with a … English. Adapting the horse to the rider and vice versa. Pour Frédéric, le cheval est un animal mystérieux, au caractère imprévisible. traducción le cheval del frances al espanol, diccionario Frances - Espanol, ver también 'le Cap',le Charolais',le calcul',le mal', ejemplos, conjugación Meaning of cheval. Muchos ejemplos de oraciones traducidas contienen “Cheval” – Diccionario español-italiano y buscador de traducciones en español. Muchos ejemplos de oraciones traducidas contienen “a Cheval” – Diccionario español-inglés y buscador de traducciones en español. Cheval is mostly known for Golf and Country Clubs. The space is lively cause it's packed all the time and the price is definitely right. English words for cheval include horse, horsepower, nag, bolter and horseback. Look up the French to English translation of cheval in the PONS online dictionary. le cheval translation in French - Spanish Reverso dictionary, see also 'le Cap',le Charolais',le calcul',le mal', examples, definition, conjugation As is cheval in Spanish? Consulta los ejemplos de traducción de cheval en las frases, escucha la pronunciación y aprende gramática. Awful, Daddy. nmpl [+manèges] wooden horses. I need a new, Ses autres symboles principaux comprennent un, Other important symbols included the white, TYREE: Thank your pappy for the loan of his, Bonne Isolation.Terrain idéal pour accueillir un. Mit Flexionstabellen der verschiedenen Fälle und Zeiten Aussprache und relevante Diskussionen Kostenloser Vokabeltrainer Elapsed time: 538 ms. Word index: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900, More, Expression index: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200, More, Phrase index: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200, More. Pour se déplacer avec le cheval, les îles de Malte est une expérience merveilleuse. monter à cheval to ride a horse. horse. What does Cheval mean? Please note that most of our entrées are served family style. These examples may contain rude words based on your search. Or learning new words is more your thing? Translate text from any application or website in just one click. A gated community located in Pinellas Florida. nf horse racing. Le Cheval lorrain, nicknamed the haretard, is an ancient working horse breed originating in the Lorraine region, in France.Its origins date back to the 15th century, perhaps by crossbreeding between the Comtois and Ardennais races of the time, although it is claimed, like many other French races, a … We as Canadians need to have this as our national, We're going to need to pull some samples from that, How was the show? Useful phrases translated from English into 28 languages. (cheval à monter) saddle horse, riding horse n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Includes free vocabulary trainer, verb tables and pronunciation function. Translations in context of "cheval" in French-English from Reverso Context: à cheval, cheval de troie, queue de cheval, fer à cheval, cheval blanc. 2. Lernen Sie die Übersetzung für 'cheval' in LEOs Englisch ⇔ Deutsch Wörterbuch. Let me point out one careless mistake. Translate Cheval. English words for cheval include horse, horsepower, nag, bolter and horseback. Please report examples to be edited or not to be displayed. Each room at the Cheval Blanc has a flat-screen TV. bab.la is not responsible for their content. ""le cheval"" is the equivalent to Horse in American English, and I’m pretty sure you’ve heard it many times before already. ... Adapter le cheval au cavalier et inversement. Free WiFi is available. All rights reserved. Towels are provided. Set in a characteristic Touraine village, Le Cheval Blanc offers rooms with attached bathroom in a garden setting. cheval. Le cheval de labour est un animal de trait sélectionné pour le labourage. It’s also good to know, that Bird means ""l'oiseau" in American English, as well as ""le taureau"" is Bull. An outdoor swimming pool and a furnished terrace feature on site, and the Cher River is … An area where mostly upper class civilians live. Cheval's Palais idéal Ferdinand Cheval (19 April 1836 – 19 August 1924) was a French postman who spent thirty-three years of his life building Le Palais idéal (the "Ideal Palace") in Hauterives. Examples are used only to help you translate the word or expression searched in various contexts. These sentences come from external sources and may not be accurate. To roam with the horse, the islands of Malta is a wonderful experience. animal sur lequel on peut monter. cheval de selle nm nom masculin: s'utilise avec les articles "le", "l'" (devant une voyelle ou un h muet), "un". chevaux de bois. n. 1. plural chevaux /ʃəvo/. Results: 26401. Contextual translation of "le cheval" into English. Why not have a go at them together. [ masculine ] / ʃəval/. Have a look at the Portuguese-English dictionary by bab.la. 1410 reviews of Le Cheval "Great quality Vietnamese with a bit of French inspiration. noun. Cheval synonyms, Cheval pronunciation, Cheval translation, English dictionary definition of Cheval. Le cheval. The Palace is regarded as an extraordinary example of naïve art architecture. A horse; hence, a support or frame. © 2013-2020 Reverso Technologies Inc. All rights reserved. Did you know? Rude or colloquial translations are usually marked in red or orange. Cheval: Meaning of Cheval . We … All rooms come with a private bathroom with toilet, free toiletries, a shower or a bath. Are you wondering how to say ""le cheval"" in American English ? courses de chevaux. Definition of cheval in the Definitions.net dictionary. traducción cheval del frances al espanol, diccionario Frances - Espanol, ver también 'cheval',chevalet',chevalin',chevalier', ejemplos, conjugación Everything you need to know about life in a foreign country. Le cheval a quitté la chute, nous sommes sur son dos et je ne pense pas que nous tiendrons huit secondes. Translation of 'Le cheval' by Jacques Brel from French to English. Learn definitions, uses, and phrases with cheval. Le Cheval Blanc is located in Jargeau, just 9.3 mi from Orléans. Horse. Come in, learn the word translation cheval and add them to your flashcards. être à cheval sur qch (figurative) [discipline, sécurité, grammaire, convenances] to be a stickler for sth. Top Tracks - Le Cheval Play all. Contextual translation of "le cheval va vite" into English. Reference: Wikipedia. Context sentences for "cheval" in English These sentences come from external sources and may not be accurate. . See also: chevaux de bois, courses de chevaux, cheval, cheval à bascule. Our delicious family recipes have been passed down for generations and we are thrilled to share a taste of Vietnam with our guests the way we would enjoy these dishes at home. Learn the translation for ‘cheval’ in LEO’s English ⇔ German dictionary. Information and translations of cheval in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … Quality: Excellent. Fiszkoteka, your checked French Spanish Dictionary! French. Translation for 'baigner le cheval' in the free French-English dictionary and many other English translations. These examples may contain colloquial words based on your search. In French, "le cheval" means: (m, noun) the horse Listen to "le cheval": (If you have an HTML5 enabled browser, you can listen to the native audio below) You Want to Learn French Fast? Our business is Le Cheval Ltd,Riding Apparel,Riding Clothes,Formal Riding Attire,Informal Riding Attire,Patent Boots,Custom Riding Apparel,Ladies Derby,Show Boots,Show Gloves,Men's Homburg Classic Hat,Snap Brim Hat,English Zip Front Boot,Men's Dress Gloves,Cotton Shirts,Habits,Wool,Choice Fabrics,Beaver Fur Top Hats,Work Jods,Stock Formal Shirts,Ladies Pique Accessories,High … faire du cheval to go riding. Last Update: 2014-03-28. What does cheval mean? There is also a welcome tray with hot drinks. bab.la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar. Translation Spell check Synonyms Conjugation. Human translations with examples: horse, horses, c)emus, the bed, the book, a) horse, the horse, (a stable). Fancy a game? With noun/verb tables for the different cases and tenses links to audio pronunciation and … Find more French words at wordhippo.com! 4:02. All our dictionaries are bidirectional, meaning that you can look up words in both languages at the same time. Le Cheval - Fandango (Hugel remix) - Duration: 4 minutes, 2 seconds. Le Cheval Blanc, Perrecy les forges. Many translated example sentences containing "tenir le cheval" – English-French dictionary and search engine for English translations. Mas t'en as profité ---> Mais t'en as profité
+Binocular Reviews Home > Binoculars by Use > Best Safari Binoculars
+Skip the blurb, show me the best binoculars for safaris >>
+It is no secret that the African bush, it's wildlife and the people are very close to my heart. I used to and still do on occasions work as a Safari Guide or as it is known in South Africa as a Field Guide and this is where my interest and need for a good quality pair of binoculars for safari originally came from.
+I would say that binoculars are one of the most important, if not the most important pieces of equipment that a safari guide should have with them at all times. So it stands to reason that if a good pair of binoculars is important to a professional who works in the bush, then they will also be important to those wanting to get the most out of their safari holiday. In my opinion, the right choice of optics can drastically improve your safari holiday experience.
+So just why are binoculars so important to the enjoyment of your safari holiday?
+If this is going to be your first Safari experience then it is important to manage your expectations, the bush is not a zoo and for the most part you are not going to be sitting right next to the animal that you are viewing.
+Sure if you are lucky enough there will be times when you have a herd of elephants surround your safari vehicle or you may come up right close to a pride of lions sheltering from the midday heat in the shade of a tree. But there are all the other times where your guide may spot a leopard on the rocks in the distance or some giraffe on a far away plain where the right pair of binoculars will really make the difference.
+Don't Forget the Birds
+Then there are the birds, Africa has some of the most interesting and diverse birds found anywhere in the world and any keen birder will tell you that a pair of binoculars is essential for bird spotting. You may think "I'm not going all the way to Africa to see birds!" Believe me I have heard that one before, but if you give them a chance, birds are every bit as interesting as the big 5 on Safari. Who knows, you may even get to see vultures feeding on the leftovers of a wild dog hunt, or a Snake Eagle swoop down to catch it's prey. Wouldn't it be a shame to miss out on that because you either don't have a pair of binoculars, or if the ones you do have are not up to the task? If birds are your main focus you may look for more specific birdwatching binoculars as apposed to all round safari binoculars.
+Binoculars and the Big Game
+I use my binoculars even when I am sitting watching something like a Rhino or even an elephant that is only 10 meters away (yes that is me in the photo below). Sure they are some of Africa's largest mammals and I can see them perfectly well with my eyes, but there is so much more to see. If it is a White Rhino, you can notice how square it's lips are, perfect for "hoovering" up it's staple food of grass. If it is a Black Rhino, look closely at it's pointed lips, perfect for reaching in amongst the branchlets of small bushes to find the sweetest shoots. With elephants, take a look at their eyes and eyelashes, so much like a humans. Binoculars can take you that one step further, from just seeing the animal, to observing their behavior. It will truly transform your safari holiday experience!
+You now know that binoculars are essential for you safari holiday, but not just any binocular will do, you need the right one to get the most out of it.
+A good safari binocular will need to be good for general wildlife observation, be good birding binoculars and be great travel optics and so will have many of the same features as birding binoculars, hunting binoculars and travel binoculars.
+Therefore the most important features to look out for when deciding on a safari binocular are:
+Even though the safari vehicles are pretty comfortable these days, you are bound to drop them or bash them Gaines something at some time during your holiday. Remember you are also going to be traveling about and so a flimsy pair could easily get damaged. So look for a pair that has a tough rubber armour covering and comes with a good quality and protective carry case.
+If you are going to be walking about in the bush, another tip is to look for a pair that has their objective lenses set back quite deeply within the body. This will protect them from getting damaged or scratched when walking through and around thick bushes. Failing that make sure your optics come with some good objective lens caps that fit well and that can be tethered to the body so you can easily cover your lenses when required without having to look through your bag for them. (importance 7/10)
+Unless you want to struggle around with tons of luggage everywhere you go, it only makes sense that the optics that you travel with are as compact as possible. An easy to carry and compact binocular is even more important if you are planning on going on walking safaris and is especially important if you want to carry your camera with you at the same time as well. But compacts do have their drawbacks and so some people may feel that the benefits that full size or even mid-sized binoculars have over them are worth the extra weight and size.
+The two main advantages that larger binoculars have over compacts in relation to safaris are:
+The ideal size compromise
+On walking safaris I tend to use my compact binoculars, but if you want a better performance than a compact can offer, but don't want to carry about a full sized pair of optics, you should consider a pair of mid size binoculars which are a great compromise between the two and are in my opinion are an ideal size of binoculars for most safaris especially ones where you will be viewing the wildlife from a vehicle. (importance 7/10)
+Tip: When I am walking in the bush, I always have a pair of binoculars with me, but I also sometimes want to have my camera with me as well. Obviously on these walks a compact binocular makes sense, but what you really need is one that can fold away small enough to fit into your shirt or jacket pocket, rather than have it dangling round your neck where it can get in the way when you are trying to photograph something. When it comes to size, not all compact binoculars are created equal - look out for roof prism compacts that have a duel hinge design that makes them far smaller than standard single hinge or porro prism compacts when folded. For more details take a look at my article on the Best Compact Pocket Binoculars.
+The main reason you have a pair of binoculars for safaris is to get closer to the wildlife, so you may be forgiven for thinking that the more powerful the magnification the better. However this is not always true as very high powered binoculars have a two main drawbacks that may not make them ideal on a safari:
+So with magnification you have to make a compromise between getting close enough to to really see the details, but not so close that it makes actually seeing what is going on difficult! So in my opinion binoculars with a magnification of between 8x and 10x will is ideal for most safari binoculars. If however you are going to be particularly far away from the action you could consider a 12x magnification which is still fairly easy to keep still without a tripod and has a decent FOV, but will get you just that bit closer to the action. (importance 7/10). For observing large relatively slow moving animals, a fairly narrow field of view is not really an issue. A nice wide FOV is much more important when observing small and fast moving objects like birds as a wide picture will make it far easier to spot them in the first place and then keep them in view as they dart about a tree or bush. So for a good general all round safari binocular used for both bird and large animal observation you want as big a FOV as possible but don't get too obsessive about it.
+A binocular's FOV is usually expressed in feet at a distance of 1,000 yards, but is you also find it expressed in meters at 1,000 meters or it is sometimes displayed as an angle. I would say that for safaris a FOV of 315ft at 1,000 yards (105m at 1,000 meters / 6.0° ) should be fine for most people, but as I say, the wider the better, so if you are undecided between two models, check which has the widest FOV. (importance 6/10)
+Waterproofing: A waterproof binocular is important especially if you are traveling in the rainy season (yes it does rain in Africa!) Most safari vehicles are not the most waterproof vehicles out there and sometimes some of the best game viewing experiences can happen when it is raining. On one occasion that comes to mind, I sat in the rain for over an hour with some hardy guests watching a cheetah shelter from the rain under a tree. We got very wet and so did our equipment, but it was well worth it to be able to spend such a long time observing this magnificent cat.
+Waterproofing not only protects your optics from moisture, but in dry dusty conditions that you will often encounter on safari it will also prevent any dust and other small debris from entering them that could easily lead to your view being spoilt. (importance 6/10)
+Image Stabilization: Image Stabilization Binoculars can really help if you definitely want or need a high powered binocular, or if you have particularly unsteady or shaky hands. Most work by using sensors that detect horizontal and vertical movement and a micro-pressor within the binocular that instantly adjusts the refraction angle of the incoming light on the prisms to cancel or smooth out the movement for a much steadier view. Do they work? Most definitely, but they also have their drawbacks - If you are looking for Image Stabilization, the best are the Canon IS Binoculars (importance 2/10)
+For the best safari binoculars that I highly recommend, take a look at my full the reviews of the award winning bins below:
+Below are links to more reviews that I have recently written on binoculars as well as night vision devices that I feel make ideal bins for your holiday. Note it also includes a wide selection of price categories and sizes:
+Those instruments listed above are just a few highlighted pairs that I have recently reviewed, if you want some more choices, please follow this link below to view:
+>> All Safari Binocular Reviews
+I would love to get your thoughts, comments and well as your opinions on this article. Have I missed out anything or do you think that some of my advice is wrong? Do you want to or do you already own what you consider to be the best pair of binoculars for safaris? If so please let me know what you think:
+Best Binocular Reviews Annual Binocular Awards 2010, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 & 2016!
+>> More Details.
+There are many who view the last thirty-something years of Buster Keaton’s life as a tragedy worthy of the absurdists, ignoring his own statements about considering himself fabulously lucky. Many Keatonphiles take him at his word nowadays, though it is hard not to be disappointed that after 1928, he was never again behind or in front of the camera on projects like The General or Steamboat Bill Jr. Still, that does not mean his later career is worthless; in fact, there are a lot of moments that are quite fun and rewarding. In the spirit of the second annual Buster Keaton blogathon, I’ve decided to make a top ten list ranking my favorites of his post-1940 film and television appearances… at least, of what I have seen so far, which is quite a bit. So relax and enjoy; I’ll provide clips where I am able.
+- The Triumph of Lester Snapwell
+Yeah, this is pretty much a twenty minute commercial for Kodak, but it is a mildly funny trip through the history of Kodak’s many photographic technologies. Keaton plays the titular hero, who travels through the 1860s, 1880s, 1920s, 1950s, and eventually the contemporary 1960s on a quest to perfectly photograph his girlfriend Clementine and her battle axe mother. Though the Party City-ish historical costumes make me cringe (especially that ridiculous outfit they try to pass off as flapper get-up, woof!), the short is more enjoyable than you would suspect.
+- Route 66 – “Journey to Nineveh”
+Having never seen other episodes of this series (though I understand it’s usually much more dramatic than this), I cannot judge this fifty minute episode on how well it fits into Route 66, but even so I had a pretty good time watching it as a BK fan. He plays a luckless fellow named Jonah who just wants to catch a fish and hitch a ride back to his brother (played by Joe E. Brown) so he can give him a cake for his birthday. Complications ensue when the ex-fiancée Brown’s granddaughter claims Brown stole the engagement ring to buy a truck; of course, the granddaughter put the ring in Keaton’s fishing kit, so they have to pray he’ll get home in one piece with it in tow, lest Brown be stuck in jail.
+The story is honestly average and the granddaughter is beyond irritating, weeping and wailing every other line, but it’s worth it for Keaton (and/or Brown, if you’re a hardcore fan of his). While his pratfalls are needlessly saddled with cringe-worthy cartoon sound effects that would make Bugs Bunny cry in pain, his best moments are the less overtly slapstick-ish ones, such as his managing to cram a massive amount of luggage into the back of the protagonists’ Chevrolet, his adorable interactions with Shaddy the dog, or the satisfying yet understated resolution to the issue of whether or not the birthday cake was pulverized by their trying journey into town. It’s not a laugh riot, but it is very cute. The episode can be found on Hulu or you can rent it on YouTube.
+- The Twilight Zone – “Once Upon a Time”
+A rare comic episode for this strange series, “Once Upon a Time” has both Keaton and one of life’s most important lessons, namely that the grass ain’t always greener on the other side, or in this case, another time. Keaton plays a janitor from the 1890s; dissatisfied with the noise and expense of modern life, he nabs a time helmet from his scientist boss and decides to try the future on for a spin. Landing in the noisier world of 1960s America, he reconsiders his complaints. The 1890s scenes are silent, complete with intertitles and what people thought silent film music should sound like (tinkling pianos). The then-present is all sound, full of background noise to emphasize the divide between the past and future.
+The episode does have issues, like the other characters being a little too obnoxious for me and some of the slapstick being uninspired. Still, most of it is cute and funny, with Keaton being given a relative amount of creative freedom. Worth a watch. The episode can be viewed on Hulu.
+- Candid Camera
+Keaton was a lifelong lover of practical jokes, so it’s no surprise he appeared on Candid Camera. I’m particularly fond of the segment where he goofs around unsuspecting patrons in a diner, especially with all those people trying their best not to be rude by laughing.
+- Limelight
+Despite all the nasty rumors that circulate around the sole time Keaton and Chaplin shared the screen together (concerning everything from Chaplin’s treatment of Keaton to the idea that he was jealous of him and cut some of his stuff out of spite… even though that would make sense considering this is Chaplin’s project, one that is more drama than comedy anyway), their little routine in Limelight is a lot of fun for silent comedy nerds.
+It’s a fun little routine, with the two masters playing hapless concert hall musicians who just can’t get their instruments to work, and once they manage that, Chaplin’s violinist is thrown into artistic frenzy, with Keaton’s deadpan pianist trying his best to keep up with the insanity. For two artists with such differing styles and aims in their craft, the two manage a low-key chemistry that makes you want more interaction between them. It’s also a great example of how different they were: Chaplin is the extrovert who uses his body as the source for humor, while Keaton is reserved and prefers props. As James Neibaur said in his book The Fall of Buster Keaton, this sequence “reminds us of each comedian’s own special magic.”
+As a bonus, here’s Keaton doing the same skit on television with Martha Raye (who had also played opposite Chaplin in the black comedy Monsieur Verdoux):
+This time Keaton is leading the action, the pace is faster, and there are additional gags. The two versions make for interesting comparison.
+- San Diego, I Love You
+We all know San Diego, I Love You as “that one movie where Buster smiles.” Considering he also smiled in many of the 1910s Arbuckle shorts and at the end of the underrated Le Roi de Champys-Elysses, one has to wonder why this seven minute cameo warrants as much attention as it does.
+For one thing, the bus driver Keaton’s playing appears to possess a great deal of character and inner life for such a small part. He’s trapped in his routine-ridden life, miserable and angry driving along the same ugly route every day, saying things like, “Being alive is monotonous.” The two protagonists “subtly” advise him to drive along the beach for a change (and by “subtly,” I mean they may as well have used a sledge hammer to beat the idea into his brain); at first, the bus driver reacts with hostility to the very idea of busting up routine, but seduced by the idea of scenic beauty and spontaneity, he swerves into another lane and exclaims, “For ten years, I’ve been driving this route and for ten years most of ya have been riding with me through the cursed backyards and I’m sick of it! I’m gonna drive along the beach and the consolidated bus company can go shoot itself!” With the exception of a henpecked husband afraid of angering his wife, everyone else agrees that routine is overrated and supports the notion of mixing things up a little.
+Then they all go off and drive along the beach, with a band conveniently located in the back and Buster the Bus Driver lighting up a cigarette. He says he may not be able to take such a detour again if he wants to keep his job, but the audience can tell that the driver from then on will be a much happier man open to the simple beauties of life. And then in the end, he has that beautiful, spontaneous smile, one that I much prefer to the rather strained one Keaton gives at the end of Le Roi. It’s a nice, quiet, almost lyrical moment and it just melts the old heart.
+- The Villain Still Pursued Her
+I know I’m probably—okay, definitely biased— but I’m convinced that Buster Keaton is the only worthwhile aspect of this clunker of a picture. A parody of Victorian melodrama (“Hark! Who knocks?!” and “I shall go to yon hill! Hark! A man approaches!” and best of all, “Come now, me proud beauty! Aha, at last I have you in my power—helpless and alone!”), it’s mostly uninspired and gets old quick, like an SNL skit stretched out beyond comfort or entertainment value.
+Keaton plays the alcoholic protagonist’s loyal best friend and basically does most of the heroics, confronting practitioners of mustache-twirling villainy and defending the heroine’s virtue from unwanted advances, always proclaiming, “Just in the nick of time!” From his first appearance, he’s active and a lot of fun, or his name’s not *looks at the screen* WILLIAM DALTON!! After trudging through material such as the Columbia shorts from this period, it’s so nice to see Buster playing a character who’s both a competent badass and dryly humorous. It’s little over an hour long, so for a Keaton fan, it’s worth watching just once, especially to hear him say lines like, “Be off before I come at ya like a steam engine—chugga, chugga, chugga!”
+Interesting to note that Eddie Cline, long-time collaborator of Keaton’s during the 1920s, sat in the director’s chair. And just in case you’re wondering, yes, Buster can still rock nineteenth century clothing like a boss.
+- The Railrodder
+Often considered Keaton’s final great film appearance. The results are funny, wistful, and a little bittersweet when one knows this was one of the last things Buster ever did. The Railrodder was made as an advertisement for Canadian tourism, but it’s so much more than that. Concerning Buster’s quiet railroad adventure through the beautiful Canadian wilderness, one could easily imagine this short as an elderly Johnnie Gray’s vacation, what with the shenanigans going on, Buster’s expressive face, and the understated physical humor (and dangerous stunt work) throughout.
+- The Buster Keaton Show
+Part of what makes this one so special is that it’s about as close as we’re going to get to see what Buster was like in front of an audience. You can tell he’s enjoying every bit of laughter he’s getting; indeed, part of the appeal of early television for an old vaudevillian like Keaton was the presence of spectators.
+The story of this episode is about as thin as one of Keaton’s two-reelers: Buster (or “BK” as he’s called by the other characters) wants to get into shape, so he hires a personal trainer. Of course, there’s the presence of a homicidally jealous man who craves blood whenever any man so much as taps his woman on the shoulder to complicate things. Gags are recycled from Battling Butler and Spite Marriage, but there’s plenty of new material in there too. The sequence with Buster shooting hoops is just amazing and his creative solutions to comic problems are as inspired as ever.
+Also worth watching due to this being a reunion of sorts for Keaton with his old collaborator Clyde Bruckman and former onscreen rival Harold Goodwin (of College and The Cameraman fame).
+- Rhenigold Theatre – “The Awakening”
+It’s ironic that my favorite post-1940 appearance of Keaton’s is not from a comedy at all, but from a dystopian drama. On her IMDB review of the episode, Imogen Sara Smith described “The Awakening” as the antidote for Buster Keaton fans disenchanted with his appearances in Beach Party schlock and beer commercials. One of the few purely dramatic roles Keaton essayed in his career, “The Awakening” reveals how versatile he was as an actor. Even without the moments of physical grace and pratfalls and stunts, Keaton is a marvel playing a lonely, vulnerable man, a tool of a totalitarian regime who comes to stand up for justice and humanity.
+Watching “The Awakening” is like seeing one of Keaton’s protagonists transplanted into an Orwellian nightmare where human life is cheap and compassion is a foreign concept, beaten down and frustrated in a job cataloging missing persons. After being robbed of an overcoat he had struggled to save for (and one that had given him an immense amount of respect from those who had looked down upon him), Keaton realizes how inhumane the world has become. Appearing before the Big Brother-like tyrant who rules over this hellhole, Keaton gives a speech often compared to the one Chaplin delivers at the end of The Great Dictator, arguing for a more humane world:
+“You can keep dismissing me. Stripping them of all power, disgracing them, and replacing them until the end of time and it still won’t get my overcoat back! And when I protest, they’ll still throw me into prison– because it’s not ‘they.’ They’re just part of a machine, a machine that was to give us so much happiness! This machine that reduces a broken heart to a number in a catalog, that says a hungry child is no more than 26583-Y! A machine that has forgotten what kindness, warmth, and pity means!
+When you say you care, you lie! You can’t possibly care! None of us can care– we’ve forgotten how! This machine that has taken our souls– so let the machine die with you!”
+Keaton delivers this monologue with a great deal of passion and righteous fury. And then, he goes from talk to violent action in a moment that brings to mind the climax of Battling Butler, where Buster’s milquetoast character flies into a fit of rage when his attacker strikes down his diminutive valet, going for the man’s throat again and again, even long after he’s knocked him unconscious. And like Keaton’s would-be boxer, the rebel of “The Awakening” recoils in horror when he realizes his own power, though by the end he does not regret a thing, choosing to continue to follow the path of the rebel to the end.
+This post is part of the Second Annual Buster Keaton blogathon, hosted by the fabulous Silentology. Check out her website for more Buster-themed goodness!
+17 thoughts on “The Second Annual Buster Keaton blogathon: Top 10 post-1940s appearances”
+Pingback: The Second Annual Buster Keaton Blogathon | Silent-ology
+Wow. That was an excellent idea for a post. I think Buster’s post-1940 work gets dismissed because it used to be so hard to find. I saw “The Railrodder” when it was played at a library. A UHF television station showed the Twilight Zone episode. I never saw the others till some of them became available online. I liked your description of these movies and episodes, especially “The Awakening.”
+Yes, the rarity does make it hard to assess these cameos and roles properly. Some are impossible to uncover even with the Internet!
+And thank you for the kind comment! ^//^
+This was a great post, I loved revisiting these films! That scene from Limelight and Buster’s scene in The Villain Still Pursued Her are some of my favorite of his later appearances. To me, the Limelight sequence has a great balance between Chaplin and Keaton, with just a tad more screentime for Chaplin since he was the main character but not too much. When folks say that Chaplin must’ve viciously cut out more of Buster’s footage, I can’t help wondering if they even watched the scene…and if they were paying attention. 😀
+In The Villain, the way he delivers his lines is so snappy and fast compared to, say, some of those MGMs that it’s a little startling. And heck yes, he can rock those period outfits!
+Thank you so much for joining the blogathon, off to your second post…!
+I think the “viciously cutting Keaton’s footage” idea comes from the Chaplin vs Keaton battle. Like a certain animated ice queen, I say, “let it go.”
+You know, I never noticed how much better Keaton’s line delivery was in Villain as opposed to the MGM films. Perhaps he was in better spirits in 1940, having gotten to marry Eleanor Norris and shaking off the coil of those awful Columbia shorts.
+The same thing occurred to me! That having Eleanor in his life gave him more “spirit” again, so to speak. I watched a couple MGMs recently, so watching parts of the Villain right after that made the difference surprisingly clear.
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+A well written piece. I love that you spotlighted Buster’s “Candid Camera” appearance. His comedy technique is so subtle and natural even when he was in his sixties. It’s a joy to watch. I was also happy to see your thoughts on “The Awakening”. It makes me wish he could have explored the possibilities of drama more. It’s surprising that actors with comedy talent also seem to have a knack for serious roles. It doesn’t always work the other way ’round.
+Thank you so much, Tracy! Keaton was simply a marvel and it pains me his talents were not better mined in the 1950s/1960s, but I’m grateful for what we have. Keaton’s soulful persona just shines and I think that’s why his comic persona translates so easily into drama. I mean gosh, The Cameraman has him doing straight dramatic moments as well: his horror during the Tong War scene and his heartbreak at losing Marceline Day.
+Great piece! I think ‘The Awakening’ is a bit of an undiscovered gem, he’s great in it but also the whole thing has a very effective feel of a place that’s a bit worn down, a bit ragged.
+Would it be pushing a point to suggest Sunset Boulevard? The whole movie is great, of course, but I do enjoy his little moment!
+Sunset Blvd and Keaton’s cameo in it are fantastic, but his bit is so, so brief. I felt it might be more interesting to go over his neglected appearances. I really do love the side eye he exchanges with HB Warner though once Joe Gillis and Norma have their little disagreement! Classic
+Yay! So glad “The Railrodder” made the list! It’s one of my fave films from Buster’s later career.
+That scene from the diner is hilarious! He is SOOO funny. The toupee in the soup!! I almost fell over laughing.
+The Candid Camera skit has me laughing so hard each time. I just love it– a prank without any meanness or shock value!
+The costumes in “The Triumph of Lester Snapwell” have Buster in 1920s clothes again, just like in The Cameraman. I was so taken aback by that!! Also, I hadn’t really realized that his television appearances were the only recorded instances of him with a live audience.
+And of course “The Awakening”. Buster again proves he was a man of so many hidden talents.
+Thank you so much for your insights!!
+Fantastic post! I liked that you focused on the later part of his career that people tend to either not know about or discuss. Many of these videos show what a talented artist he truly was. He is able to do such diverse things without ever seeming out of place.
+Thanks for introducing me to so many late Keaton clips! I know the Twilight Zone and San Diego, I Love You, and know about The Railrodder (though I haven’t seen it), but most of the rest were new to me. This has to be the only Candid Camera sketch I ever liked, and I howled! That has to be the worst toupee in history… My takeaway from your list is that aside from obviously not having the athletic skills of youth, Buster had lost nothing—not timing, not facility, not perfectly nuanced character. Also that his range was incredible. It seems so lame to me that for decades people wrote about his not smiling as if he were expressionless, when he is one of the most expressive actors ever. Who does more with less movement? …anyway, love the piece and your observations, and your picks.
+Whenever any critic claims Buster is emotionless or a drone, I have a hard time taking them seriously from then onward. Keaton’s expressions were subtle, delicate, but powerful and clear. A true gem. Thank you for the lovely comment! I enjoyed your piece as well!
+I set a recording for Limelight on TCM, and when I got around to watching the film, it decided to stop recording RIGHT BEFORE the bit with Chaplin and Keaton. I was devastated, and don’t remember being able to find it online either, so thank you for remedying that! I enjoyed watching “The Railrodder” and the associated documentary, and his smile in “San Diego, I Love You” is another sight to behold. I’m curious about the Route 66 episode, so I’ll have to get around to watching it sometime.
+LikeLiked by 1 person
+Summary: The previous post asked why the US fields the best soldiers but loses so often. Perhaps because “It’s not our fault” has replaced “No excuses.” Next in this series: ideas about solutions.
+My previous post asked why does the US field the best soldiers but lose so often? It provoked fascinating discussions in the comments here and elsewhere. Here are my guesses about possible answers. Given the hazards in our world, growing worse, this is among our most serious problem.
+(1) It’s the American people’s fault!
+This is a popular answer. James Fallows explains in “The Tragedy of the American Military“ in The Atlantic.
+% under fire in our name. …
+“America’s distance from the military makes the country too willing to go to war, and too callous about the damage warfare inflicts. .”
+The applause from military officers was deafening. It is not our fault! That is the mantra of armies that lose.
+Even more common are complaints that the American public does not support wars like Vietnam or the WOT long enough, or with enough money – or does so with too many constraints (i.e., let the military “take the gloves” off and win). These are odd claims considering the massive devastation American inflicted in Vietnam and in Iraq, at such fantastic cost – with the WOT in its second decade. But to a losing military, no amounts of money spent or blood spilled are enough. Since more was possible, failure was not their fault.
+(2) It’s the politicians’ fault!
+“The disaster in Vietnam was not the result of impersonal forces, but a uniquely human failure, the responsibility for which was shared by President Johnson and his principal military and civilian advisors.”
+— Last paragraph of Dereliction of Duty: Johnson, McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam
+by H.R. McMaster (1997).by H.R. McMaster (1997).
+This is another excuse that never grows old. Failure is not the fault of the Army or Marines as institutions, or their culture, or their officer corps, or their methods. Let’s blame the politicians and the politicians in uniform whom they appoint as Chiefs!
+The classic example of this is McMaster’s book about Vietnam. It helped catapult him from a captain victorious in battle onto the fast track leading from Lt. Colonel to Lieutenant General to National Security Advisor. His book was greeted with excitement by his fellow officers. Feel the enthusiasm in the reviews in Parameters, a journal of the Army’s War College. It’s not our fault!
+(3) Other excuses
+These are just two from the vast armory of excuses fielded by the US military. Here is another from the history books, still deployed as needed today – a conversation after the negotiations in Paris which ended our war in Vietnam.
+Colonel Harry G. Summers, Jr. (Chief of the U.S. Delegation): “You know you never defeated us on the battlefield”
+Colonel Nguyen Don Tu (Chief, North Vietnamese Delegation): ”That may be so, but it is also irrelevant.”
+— From Summers’ On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War
+(1982).(1982).
+A better answer: death of the “no excuses” military
+Armies that lose respond to defeat with excuses. Armies that win respond to failure with “no excuses!” The Prussians got their asses kicked by Napoleon at Jena-Auerstedt in 1806. A group of senior officers – including Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Boyen, Grolman and Clausewitz – implemented deep reforms to the army. Subsequent generations built on them, eventually leading to their great victories in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870.
+This is America’s tradition as well, although on a smaller scale (not yet having met our bête noire). After two years of defeats, some almost terminal, the Continental Army wintered in 1777 at Valley Forge. They could have issued cheerful press releases and given inspirational speeches to the troops. Instead they reorganized and trained despite the brutal weather and lack of adequate supplies.
+The Battle of Kasserine Pass in February 1943 was the US Army’s first major engagement with Axis forces in WWII, and a brutal defeat. Eisenhower responded by sending Major General Lloyd Fredendall home and appointing Patton as commander of II Corps. There were also changes in organization and equipment.
+How has America’s military responded to its defeats after Korea? After every failure we hear It is not our fault! Understandably so, for that is the most comforting of mantras. But it exacts a heavy price on an organization. It reduces the pressure that powers the painful process of learning and changing. Failure to learn is an illness that can offset any amount of power. So our military dresses up methods that have failed in scores of wars by foreign armies against local insurgents, trying them again and again.
+Conclusion
+“No Excuses” is the motto of armies that win. But that spirit appears dead in the modern US military. Perhaps that is why we lose. But reform is possible. See the next in this series for a path to a better future.
+Other posts in this series
+- Why does the US field the best soldiers but lose so often?
+- Why the US military keeps losing wars.
+- Possible solutions, paths to a better future for the US military.
+(8) For More Information
+If you liked this post, like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter. See all posts about our military, especially these…
+- Winning hearts and mind with artillery fire, 2008.
+- Another example of winning hearts & minds with artillery, 2008.
+- The trinity of modern warfare at work in Afghanistan – How we fight, from Vietnam to today.
+- Presidential decision-making about Vietnam and Afghanistan: “You have 3 choices, sir”, 2010.
+- About our operations in Kandahar – all that’s old is new again.
+- Another echo in Afghanistan of the Vietnam War. Will we hear it, and learn?
+- How the Iraq and Vietnam wars are mirror images of each other.
+- The military takes us back to the future. To Vietnam, again and again.
+- Stark evidence from our past about our inability to learn today.
+- Secret government docs reveal a hidden truth about the Afghanistan War – Spoiler: it’s just like Vietnam.
+- 50 years ago the Battle at Ia Drang began our war in Vietnam. What have we learned since then?
+Essential reading for those who would like a more effective military.
+Training of Officers: From Military Professionalism to Irrelevance
+by Martin van Creveld..
+41 thoughts on “Why the US military keeps losing wars.”
+أفضل ورقة
+Martin Van Creveld’s book, “Pussycats: why the Rest keep beating the West” deals with this topic also. So does Bill Lind. We are a second generation military fighting fourth generation/non-trinitarian wars for no real reason other than we can. Our enemies fight because they believe in their causes – mostly to establish a caliphate and/or to eliminate kuffar – and they want to win. They think jihad takes them to heaven and we don’t believe in anything
+PRCD,
+That’s a sharp comment! I was going to mention Pussycats. But this post was already too controversial in its message, so I chickened out.
+I can’t imagine that MvC’s explanation is correct. But he’s been right a lot more often than I have been.
+Former marine. F**ked up officers kiss everyones ass for promotion. Awards given to others so that they owe a return debt. Civil politicians run wars or conflicts over generals. Political pay offs to military officers. US military is a big mouth paper tiger and enlisted persons are just looking for a job. Overall young persons attitudes toward “you owe me”. Etc etc
+Michael,
+So as a Marine, which of these behaviors did you own? Or is this more of “It’s not my fault!”, a collection of current excuses?
+“Civil politicians run wars or conflicts over generals”
+What a nice demonstrates the modern US military’s “Not Our Fault” attitude. Now Trump’s civilian leadership team is mostly generals. By your theory we should get different results. Time will provide an answer.
+These are not real wars in the conventional sense that they can be fought and won. The US has no intention of taking possession of any of these territories or fighting a “total war” to achieve “unconditional surrender” from an actual state entity that survives the fighting. In fact, “winning” cannot be defined in the context of these abominations that US politics has involved the US military in over the past half century.
+Easy to start a conflict. The idiots need to have an idea of what the end point is supposed to be, and whether or not such an end point is achievable using the rules of engagement with which they choose to saddle themselves.
+Good comment! My suspicion is that “victory” isn’t the point. Chaos and punishment is. Sowing chaos in an oil-rich country such as Iraq keeps that oil in the ground and keeps the price of oil high elsewhere (supply and demand). And our ruling class wants to punish countries that don’t do what they want.
+The Real,
+“Chaos and punishment is.”
+There is no need to make stuff up. The US government was quite explicit about our goals. Our programs in Iraq were focused (albeit incompetent) efforts to achieve those goals.
+“Sowing chaos in an oil-rich country such as Iraq keeps that oil in the ground and keeps the price of oil high ”
+The US is an oil consumer. Much of US policy since the 1970s consists of keeping the oil supply flowing at low prices (e.g, opposition to OPEC).
+Sean,
+(1) “These are not real wars in the conventional sense that they can be fought and won.”
+They are wars. They all have winners.
+(2) “The US has no intention of taking possession of any of these territories …In fact, ‘winning’ cannot be defined in the context ”
+Wars often have goals other than occupation. In Iraq the US wanted bases (the “enduring bases”) from which to project power across the Middle East, access to Iraq’s oil on favorable terms, and an ally.
+(3) “or fighting a ‘total war’ to achieve ‘unconditional surrender’
+VERY few wars are total wars. Very few end in unconditional surrender.
+‘(3) “or fighting a ‘total war’ to achieve ‘unconditional surrender’
+VERY few wars are total wars. Very few end in unconditional surrender.’
+This is very true. Western wars going back to Ancient Greece look for a victory through “decisive battle” which looks to have a battle that decides the issue. Think battle of Marathon, or Samalis. Or Battle of Waterloo. It doesn’t always work, especially if the loser doesn’t think it is decisive enough – see battle fo Cannae aka Rome’s third loss in a summer, over 250K soldiers total killed by Hannibal. Or equivalent to the US loosing the population of California today, in 3 months. However Rome refused to see it as a sufficent loss to surrender. And Rome did fight Carthage as total war.
+But even the American Revolution can be viewed as a series of decisive battles to close off theatures to the British until they negotiated peace at the treaty of Paris (1783) – Boston (1776), Saratoga (1778), Morristown (1779), and Yorktown(1781) While Yorktown was the only truly decisive one in my list other than Saratoga, The other two and similar were decisive enough that the British opportunities were limited
+This sometimes works for a western army fighting a non western army – Battle of Tenochtitlan in 1520 – decisive battles work and gain a lot of territory. More often, especially lately, either the decisive battle is used by the non western army to win the war – Dien ben Phu, or the western army is unable to get a decissive battle to ‘win.’ This is because like Ancient Rome verses Hanibal, the non westerners fighting a western army simply refuse to see the war as done or lost. This goes to a discussion of what ‘winning’ is, and for that matter what war is.*
+*TL;DR version – most of history, most peoples have lived in a state of war with their non related neighbors. It coudl be tribal if we look long enough ago, or just adjacent nations. It seems odd to westerners who have known mostly peace when not in declared wars. But the normal state has been wars with declared peace. This is after all what all those cross border raids, attacking of tradeships, merchant caravans, pilgrams and the like are. War under a different name.
+ACT,
+Thanks for the explanation about total war! Two more points.
+First, few states in history were capable of the level of mobilization necessary for total war (except against small neighbors). Look at the wars in Europe Westphalia (1648) and the French Revolution. Most were small, eventually becoming “the sport of kings” often fought by mercenary armies with little interest in dying. Ditto for the wars of the Hellenistic era (between Alexander and Rome).
+Second, regional wars throughout history were usually about changing rulers. Not extermination of peoples or changing social systems. Limited goals, limited wars.
+The belief that wars are usually “total” is an example of the “recency effect” in people’s perceptions. The recent past (e.g., WWi, WWII, the Cold War) is seen as representative of history.
+“First, few states in history were capable of the level of mobilization necessary for total war”
+Totally agree. Infact, we should seperate “Total War” from “Unconditional Surrender”. WW2, and the Punic wars were definately fought by at least one side at total and for unconditional surrender. Cortez taking Mexico, Pizaro taking Peru – these were unconditional surrenders but not total war.
+I’d argue WW1 was fought as total war, but not as unconditional surrender. Although maybe the Treaty of Versaille was effectively an unconditional surrender – I’m . The US Civil War was not total war for the North – many people miss things that were going on at the same time. The trans continental Railroad was largely built during that time. The founding of the many of the State Universities which were devoted to agricultural or mechanical technologies of the day aka “Cow Colleges” were founded then sch as the university of Illinois.
+I think one side goes to a ‘total war’ mentality when the people feel their existance is threatened. I think a side goes to ‘unconditional surrender’ mentality when they are so tired of fighting the same enemy they just want them exterminated (see Carthage, Rome, Punic Wars and Salt. Also see Rome, Jerusalem and “made a desert and called it peace”)
+ACT,
+“I’d argue WW1 was fought as total war, but not as unconditional surrender.”
+Unconditional surrender is one method in total war.
+“The US Civil War was not total war for the North”
+Total war is a method typically used by one side — the stronger side — in war. It has no precise definition. Wikipedia nicely describes two different definitions (although its entry does not note that they are different).
+By the first def, the Civil War was not initially a total war. But it became one. The 1862 Shenandoah Valley campaign was a hard fought series of battles, but left the area mostly undamaged. In 1864 Union General Philip Sheridan drove the rebels out and torched the area, the breadbasket of the South.
+But the Civil War was not remotely total war by the second definition. Even at the end, civilian casualties were relatively light for a war of such intensity. And the contemporaneous laws of war were mostly respected.
+“Unconditional surrender is one method in total war. Uncontional surrender is one potential goal in total war….
+Total war is one potential method of obtaining victory (aka goal). The two are seperate one describing the definition of the ‘victory conditions’ the other describing the means of getting them. (we may be looking at teh same coin from differing sides)
+“Wikipedia nicely describes two different definitions [for total war]”
+there are 3 clauses in the first definitioin. The US Civil war start to end doesn’t fit the 2nd clause – as I mentioned before there were a lot of other non war focused spending going on during the Civil War for the North. Im not sure it fits teh 1st and 3rd clause at all times, but really looking at the end is most approriate. *
+For the definition that Wiki quotes AED – yeah the clauses except for the last seem to apply the the US CW. But again because of the more limited nature of the war against civilians, who were not really targets of violence directly until the march to the sea and march north. And even in Sherman’s marches it was more pillage and burn than rape and kill. Similar with Sheridan’s rides. – although does it have to meet all conditions to be total war? or just most of them?
+I still say that the USCW wasn’t total, and wasn’t fought with the goal of unconditional surrender for the defeated. But I agree that there is plenty of room for disagreement on the means/methods and goals for the USCW
+*For a war that starts limited and grows to be all encompassing would to me seem to be one that becomes a total war. In this respect, WW2 for Germany started as a limited afair that Hitler thought woudl be over in 1942, but became total not just in the mind of teh Allies but in the German high command as it wore on. Thus it became total for both sides by end fo 1941
+Even if the war you start has a plausible outcome that counts as a victory, you must, as a democratically elected President, remember that your successors have no personal interest in preserving your achievements, and might casually toss your hard-won victory in the trash. See Bush’s victory in Iraq, Nixon’s victory in Vietnam, and Lincoln’s victory in the South.
+(I consider puppet governments secured by US military bases a victory, because that’s the outcome of WW2, and if that’s not a victory, what is?)
+Dimitri,
+“See Bush’s victory in Iraq”
+That Obama “tossed Bushes victory in the trash” is right-wing lie. We went into Iraq for three reasons.
+(1) To obtain preferential access to its oil – which we have not obtained.
+(2) To establish “enduring bases” from which to project power across the Middle East. Bush signed the Status of Force Agreement on 14 December 2008 that required withdrawal of all US forces from Iraq by 31 December 2011. That was a extremely popular treaty in Iraq.
+(3) Iraq is run by its Shiite majority, and an ally of Iran. We wanted Iraq as an ally of the US against Iran.
+As for Reconstruction — America is a democracy. There was little support in North for the continued military occupation of the South, and even less for the scale of social engineering necessary to give the ex-slaves civil rights.
+We lose because we are not brutal. We lose because jackholes like Tom Rick pontificate about our officers not being worldly, educated enough. I want Patton not a humanitarian.
+Gute,
+Thank you for that impressive demonstration of one reason we lose: an astonishing Failure to Learn. People said this in 2003 and are still saying it 2018. No amount of power can offset an inability to clearly see the world. See this from The Transformation of War: The Most Radical Reinterpretation of Armed Conflict Since Clausewitz (1990).
+For more about this, see Why the West loses so many wars, and how we can learn to win.
+I happened to be the Air Group Duty Officer on the night in October of 1973 when the Red Phone finally rang announcing Def Con Three. We had a bunker full of tactical nukes. The event focused even my young mind on the drop dead seriousness of the Cold War.
+While my less than shinning military career did not leave me with a great deal of admiration for the General Officers. In Vietnam from the gates of the Saigon Embassy, to Search and destroy carnage, to Khe Sanh, to the B-52 tactics over Hanoi, American Generals displayed a lethal incompetence. It appears now almost 50 years later their heirs have continued the tradition in the sand pile.
+Which brings me back to the Cold War, the one that REALLY counted. In all fairness to the American Military Elite while they royally screwed up Vietnam and most of the Middle East. They won the Cold War, and didn’t turn the world into a piece of charcoal while containing and defeating communism over 45 years. Credit where credit is due.
+Jennings,
+Thank you for your first person testimony! That’s always appreciated here. I have a question.
+“They won the Cold War” containing and defeating communism over 45 years.”
+How did they win the Cold War? I believe the USSR folded due to its inability to match the West’s rate of economic and technological growth. Our nukes contained communism (most of the CIA and military programs failed).
+“didn’t turn the world into a piece of charcoal”
+The President decides to use nukes. I recommend reading or watching “The Virtual JFK”, based on tapes of the high level meetings. The senior US generals sound like lunatics who wanted an atomic war. JFK was one of the few sane voices in the room.
+Larry,
+The Generals managed the Imperial walls for 45 long years without fumbling a terminally lethal ball. At the end of the day the Joint Chiefs ran a successful military defense all over the world, not and easy task.
+The warrior leader talents of the various Presidents was all over the charts during this period. The Generals were able to work successfully with all the Presidents.
+You seem a little like the left wingers of the era. Who took delight in promoting a stereotype of American Generals as incompetent nuclear war desiring psychopaths only held back by the peace loving politicians. That was unfair and untrue.
+It has now been forgotten, but after Vietnam the American military was near a nervous and logistical collapse.
+I am sure more than one vodka besotted retired Soviet General has lamented not going for a victory in this era.
+It wasn’t the fierceness of his Imperial Majesty Jim’ah Carter, but rather the ability of our Generals to maintain a credible deterrence under very very difficult circumstances, which deterred the Soviets in this dangerous era.
+Jennings,
+“You seem a little like the left wingers of the era. Who took delight in promoting a stereotype of American Generals as incompetent nuclear war desiring psychopaths only held back by the peace loving politicians. That was unfair and untrue.”
+First, that’s a nutty conclusion. Nothing here remotely justifies your conclusions. Second, perhaps you should be more careful before drawing conclusions. Here are a few of the posts on the FM website about our general officers.
+PS
+Perhaps one day we can have a thread discussing President Kennedy and his 1,000 day presidency. I believe it was an inflection point in the American historical arc.
+Piggy-backing onto Michael Miller’s comment, most people who serve and see the problems with the military – whatever branch it is – don’t want to spend their lives fighting a bureaucracy to change. The people who remain in the military like the bureaucracy. I remember listening to a SEAL officer who eventually became a vice admiral describe potential threats around the world to the USA. None of them materialized almost two decades later. He completely failed to forecast the rise of all of these non-state irregular forces. People in the military are trained to think like the bureaucracy which is always fighting the last war (wars between nation-states) rather than the obvious conflicts in front of them.
+There isn’t any one specific thing wrong with our military – it’s a lot of things and we need to begin reforms with the low-hanging fruit. I fear it’s going the opposite direction now that it’s increasingly seen as a laboratory for liberal experimentation. Now that women are going to ‘fight’, the last nail will be pounded into the coffin of our military.
+PRCD,
+“There isn’t any one specific thing wrong with our military.”
+That’s certainly possible. My guess (emphasis on *guess*) is that is not true. In my experience organizations with multiple problems usually have a core problem.
+If there is one single general root problem that would explain all those that are often described and don’t seem to really have much in common, I would go with Martin Van Creveld’s explication: it’s all the bomb’s fault. Since the integration of a fully functionning nuclear deterrent with several components and a more or less reliable OODA loop (just as important as the nuclear vectors themselves) actionable by the highest command authority, “real war” (not in the clausewitzian meaning) has become far more of a virtual exercice, a remote possibility for most people in developed countries. Even more after the end of the Cold War which made Western Europe a de facto strategic island and its protector, the US, an even less committed actor in what was then the only potential large scale, vitally threatening battlefield that had a hold on both imaginations and political class.
+Nuclear weapons have by far struck the hardest blow to the vital importance of classic forces and their management over long periods of time, leaving them prey to all sorts of various and conflicting interests: social experiments, foreign policies tryouts and partisan theories (let’s re-do the Middle East, what could possibly go wrong?), ultimate case of pork barrel politics with no question asked, moral platform for politicians who want to look like statesmen…. Such things can only happen on a grand scale when no real challenge is on the horizon. I blame the bomb first and foremost because its impact has been greater on the political class than on anything else, but other factors are obviously at play to produce the overall effect that is currently deplored not only in the USA, but also, via contagion (leadership and normative role and power of the NATO/US, protection umbrella of the US), in Europe. Professionalization and the end of the Cold War (at least what V Putin would like to see as the first round) have only reinforced the phenomenon of disassociation (of the public, political class, and high command cast) with military and security realities.
+In other words, could it not be a particular case of the ever dreaded “disease of victory” over a 60 to 70 years period?
+Tancrede,
+I agree that nukes have changed one form of war — state to state war, between major powers (i.e., those with nukes). But that does not explain the problem. See this from the first post in this series.
+““real war” (not in the clausewitzian meaning) has become far more of a virtual exercice, a remote possibility for most people in developed countries.”
+Vietnam was a “real war” for the US by any measure. By most measures the WOT has been a real war, albeit a small one by casualties (but not in terms of expenditures).
+“I agree that nukes have changed one form of war — state to state war, between major powers (i.e., those with nukes). But that does not explain the problem. See this from the first post in this series.”
+I caricatured a bit by “blaming it all” on the nukes, but my point was, overall, to point out the major factors that have put an ever increasing distance between the realities, risks and sanctions of war and insecurity on one side, and the “civilian bubble” on the other. And chiefly for the latter, the political class. In countries that measure everything about war through the prism of state vs state “classical” war, that is enough: asymmetrical conflicts, so-called “nation building”, are still considered anomalies by the main operating system, something not to be fundamentally geared for on a structural basis because the main mission (being a deterrent to other states) remains first and foremost. And is likely to be considered even more of a priority with China’s rise as a threat and Russian “agitation” (on the margins). The evolution in NATO these last years has been geared towards a “return” of the “high of the spectrum” warfare: focus on large units, operational level of war, armored warfare….
+” Vietnam was a “real war” for the US by any measure. By most measures the WOT has been a real war, albeit a small one by casualties (but not in terms of expenditures).”
+And what followed Vietnam was the end of any form of actual conscription, thus a further level (and a big one) of separation between the civilian and political world and war. Add time (and generations), and the end of the Cold War (and the whole mediatic/psychological/politcal work that go with it), and the dish is ready.
+But to further my point above, what followed Vietnam inside the military institution? A gigantic reset: a big effort to forget everything (save for things at the purely technical/technological level) and go back to armored warfare and the “noble” classical conception of war between symmetrical opponents. Luck had it that a few luminaries were at the time still able to impart some changes: Boyd and the “fighter mafia”, but also the analyst who excavated the Russian experience of WWII and allowed a generation of US officers to get out of the German influenced conceptions of war by understanding and adapting Russian concepts (deep battle and operational level of war).
+But this was more happenstance than cause and effect: the default position of military institutions is “back to basics’ with an understanding of basics focused on purely symmetrical warfare. And in an atmosphere defined by peacetime conditions and few political incentives to reform, thus disconnecting further from any form of “checks and balances” via an absolutely undeniable reality. That which can only be provided by an existential threat, and a widely shared sense of an existential threat.
+Time is a big factor in all this. Time and distance from real war in a fuller sense. Vietnam was a real war but mostly for those who went and their families, with no existential threat (no risk of it going nuclear, no risk of invasion or significant damage to the mainland or even to its economy). That already puts some distance. End conscription and let 2 or 3 generations go by in the new landscape, and military realities exist mostly in Call of Duty.
+In 1792-1793, more than 80% of French generals (those who hadn’t already been “purged” or hadn’t fled the country) were sacked, and most had an actual knowledge of war and had lived it. In the 5 months of war in 1914 alone, 60% of French generals were also sacked or sidelined (definitively), and most had known war, symmetrical (Franco-Prussian war) and asymmetrical (colonies and other cases abroad).
+I can’t shake the feeling that it all boils down to that: the distance a society, and especially its political leaders, have with the phenomenon of war and insecurity as a real, constant threat somewhere in the back of their brains, over the long run. A minimal necessary culture of war that gives a real incentive to take the matter seriously beyond the superficial sentimentality towards soldiers (when we think of it…. Once a week or a month), and impact your votes and preoccupations.
+Ever since reading The Pentagon And The Art Of War by Edward N Luttwak I have tended to view the glut of senior officers as the root of all evil. There are entire chapters on the effect of too many senior officers on such matters as strategy and procurement. If you want a core problem, that’s my nomination. There are other problems as well, but addressing the officer glut would by itself be a game changer.
+I also remember reading The Battle For Hunger Hill by Daniel Bolger, in which he recounts his experiences commanding a battalion that was rotating through Fort Polk and facing the OPFOR there on exercises. (Almost all units who face the OPFOR at Polk get shellacked) From what he describes, our staff system seems inflexible and unwieldy.
+A couple of choices of books you might read. I’m not sure if either is in print, but you can hunt around.
+TheMan,
+Luttwak’s “The Pentagon and the Art of War” is a fantastic book!
+For a great account of modern war games, I wrote “an autopsy of the 2002 Millennium Challenge war games.” This illustrated what’s wrong with our senior officers – and points to a solution. Or rather, something that can be built upon to create a solution.
+Larry,
+Perhaps there is a single thing wrong with our military, but who can agree on it? My point is that when you walk into a disheveled house, you start cleaning one thing and then move onto the next thing rather than discover the cause. Success in reform begets success. Go after the low-hanging fruit. With order in place, it’s easier to see what caused disorder.
+PRCD,
+(1) “Perhaps there is a single thing wrong with our military, but who can agree on it?”
+That’s missing my point. This isn’t an academic exercise to see whose paper gets the most applause. It’s an operational exercise to determine how to reform the army. Success in the answer comes from its ability to convince people in the fray that it is worth trying (i.e., an acceptable balance of cost-risk-reward).
+(2) “you walk into a disheveled house ”
+That’s a completely inappropriate analogy. First, we know what a clean house looks like, and how to clean a house. Second, there are not horrific consequences to trying a rational but different method of cleaning. It would be as if a decision to clean the bathroom first might result in being fired and blackballed from the industry — assuming that you had years of effort invested in your cleaning career.
+(3) “With order in place, it’s easier to see what caused disorder.”
+Again, that’s an inappropriate analogy. I doubt you can find any expert who believes the problems are as simple as “disorder” — or that there are simple “low hanging fruit” to fix. Goldwater Nichols was a logical first step, since the need for tighter interservice ops was obvious in WWII. It was hideously difficult to implement, and failed to achieve its larger goals.
+Is there any military on the planet that has seen as much action as the US military since WWII? I see a dichotomy between a supposedly”peace loving” ( insert laughter here if you like ) nation and one placed on a near permanent war footing. We’re supposed to be a democracy, yet we behave as an empire with what has for all intents and purposes turned into a “dictatorship” when it comes to using the military ( both political parties have very little difference between them on this issue). Why should our military change? There’s a continual supply of willing candidates to fill recruitment quotas, a virtual blank check from the treasury,a ready made war is always around the corner to grease the promotion ladder and a large segment of the populace brainwashed into thinking the military walks on water. There is no incentive for change.
+We’re not “defending” anything except the right to plunder the globe as our corporate-owned elites see fit, stomping on the weak nations and declaring it a tragedy if some(or a lot) of our young people come home in body bags. We have no credible threat of invasion and our nuclear “umbrella” wards off any but the suicidal. It isn’t a question of learning how to start “winning” wars, it should be one learning how to cease starting them. I fully believe the only thing that would curtail this is a return to the draft, but that will never happen since rich peoples kids would have to serve or be exposed as cowards. We need to chose between a return to republican democracy or continuing empire, I don’t believe we can have both.
+Kent,
+(1) “I see a dichotomy between a supposedly”peace loving” …nation and one placed on a near permanent war footing.”
+Yes. We are quite belligerent. If we continue to start fights, eventually we’ll get in trouble.
+(2) “We’re supposed to be a democracy, yet we behave as an empire with what has for all intents and purposes turned into a “dictatorship” when it comes to using the military”
+Let’s not shift the responsibility. The US public supported both Iraq and Af invasions. Congress was likewise supportive. No dictatorship, just the usual American mantra — “It’s not our fault.” We should put that on the currency, replacing E Pluribus Unum.
+(3) The rest is all sad but true.
+I could foresee this happening if there were no pensions or cushy jobs at defense companies at stake. Unfortunately, the flag and general officers have the opposite incentives. Perhaps senior NCOs could unionize and demand reforms. Their pensions would be at stake also. Reform takes much courage and willingness to lose financially. How many times have I heard, “I’ve almost done my 20?” If the whole military pension system was rolled over into individual Vanguard 401(k)s of some sort, people wouldn’t have any money at stake and reforms would be more likely.
+I am an engineer, so when faced with a complex, intractable problem I just start working on some aspect of it until I learn more about it. I try inputs and look at the outputs, like the montecarlo method. You and I, both desiring reform, can’t even begin to agree on where it should start. Imagine selling more people on the idea of reform.
+My analogy may be sloppy. It may be time to consider that the military is beyond the point of reform. We don’t even have the political will to end the madness of putting our daughters into combat arms.
+“We went into Iraq for three reasons.
+(3) Iraq is run by its Shiite majority, and an ally of Iran. We wanted Iraq as an ally of the US against Iran.”
+Uh, that’s quite an impressive re-imagining of history and reality. Iraq was led by the Sunni minority, not the Shia. It was an ally against Iran. We turned the country over to them by destabilizing it.
+And your economic determinism schtick wasn’t right then and it’s not right now.
+Adam,
+Wow. A double reading FAIL!
+(1) “Iraq was led by the Sunni minority”
+My statement is in the present case — “Iraq is run by its Shiite majority.” Not the past tense.
+(2) “your economic determinism schtick”
+That US leaders said that they sought economic advantages is not “economic determinism.”
+Pingback: A Captain describes our broken military & how to fix it - Fabius Maximus website (blog) | Bible Prophecy In The Daily Headlines
+How can you win when:
+1. Your soldiers are sent to fight in foreign soil for flimsy justifications while your enemies are rightfully justified fight against foreign aggression. Guess who has more conviction and will?
+2. Your military might is deified, yet being part of it is despised by the vast majority of the population.
+3. You have by far the most expensive toys, but you are afraid to use them the moment a potential enemy presents a halfway credible military or economic threat.
+Anon,
+(1) “Your soldiers are sent to fight in foreign soil for flimsy justifications”
+Empires are built like that. The British Empire did nothing for most Brits. It was public cost for private gain. Even Kipling’s tales acknowledged that.
+Soldiers fight for their own reasons, often irrelevant to the causes for which governments fight.
+(2) What’s your evidence that the military “is despised by the vast majority of the {US} population”? Even in San Francisco, I didn’t see that. For example, Contra Costa County has one of the most active Blue Star Mothers chapters in the nation. It’s not because so many enlist here.
+(3) “but you are afraid to use them the moment a potential enemy presents a halfway credible military or economic threat.”
+Since WWII, the US has been by far the most aggressive nation in terms of fighting middle-tier nations. Such as Iraq.
+Of course, nuclear powers don’t fight among themselves. That w/b suicidal.
+Pingback: We can win our wars. One of our warriors explains how. - Fabius Maximus website (blog) | Bible Prophecy In The Daily Headlines
+I.
+Future politicos, please heed this advice. Never hold a memorial service in a university arena, and never give out T-shirts prior to the event. Those two choices set the tone for this entire spectacle. Some will excuse the bizarre atmosphere or blame it entirely on those in the audience to deflect attention from the president. But the president’s team had the final call on everything. They could have demanded a more suitable setting, and set a more appropriate tone. They didn’t. This gauche spectacle is the Obama administration’s fault. The tone of the event overshadowed whatever good words of comfort and honor were in his lengthy speech.
+oh my, the cheering is creeping me out too! Does Wellstone memorial ring a bell?
+I’m glad I’m not the only one who noticed it. I turned to my wife as we sat down to eat and said, “are they cheering?” But I do want to say that y thoughts and prayers go out to all those killed and wounded, and their loved ones.
+This is embarrassing… at 5:27 no one has mentioned the dead. This is a Memorial Service, right?
+I’m no longer sure what this is.
+It’s a circus with the typical cliches of students and hot air of a college president with constant applause. What kind of memorial service has so much applause? Okay, now Jan Brewer might lend some gravitas.
+I think the tone was set with the invocation–the doors to the east, west, the combination of “masculine energy” and “feminine energy” in the center, given by some professor that I can’t even find on the school’s website.
+The off-key trumpet on the Copeland didn’t help. Amateur hour… Obama’s office should have taken control of this goat rope. Oh, God now the President of Uof A is doing a campaign rally intro!
+now for a change of pace…ugh Napolitano. I’m going to have nightmares.
+About the only thing I can say after Napolitano began with “Thank you Tucson! Thank you Arizona!” is, if you liked the Wellstone funeral, you’re gonna loooove this memorial!
+“Mortified” gets you to about one-third of what I’m feeling, watching this.
+yeah, just look at the Prez’s expression. He must have been practicing in the mirror all day.
+You know this President of the U Of A looks like he’s auditioning for public office… finally Napolitano provides some semblance of “memorial.” Will we see a promo for the U of A before the evening is over.
+Eric Holder from the New Testament. I guess anyone can read aloud from it. Cheering? Cheering?
+I am glad they are reading passages out of the Bible. It is appropriate. Again, my prayers and thoughts to those who have been killed and wounded, and their families.
+It was a bad choice to have this in front of a bunch of idiot college students who think this is some kind of Obama pep rally. Even Obama is exasperated by the cheering.
+That’s what I was thinking too. A different setting, lose the T-shirts, this would have had an entirely different tone. Whoever chose the U of A over, say, the largest church or cathedral or synagogue in Tucson, made a terrible choice.
+Obama is eating this up. It’s all about him. That’s what it was intended for.
+I agree with you….the cheering and clapping is totally disgusting. If I were one of the victim’s friends or family members I would be traumatized by that. Of course, it is ok to have a few laughs if you are reminiscing about one of the victims…but for G*d’s sake…this isn’t a pep rally or political rally! Can’t the students show some respect…guess not.
+Sick, sick, sick…
+Well, as long as BHO is in the Oval Office, folk outside of the US will have to look outside the Oval Office, but within the US, to take the US seriously.
+This is a pep rally. Unbelievable. It sounds like they’re happy this all happened. Constant applause, even at the mention of the dead.
+” It sounds like they’re happy this all happened.” Most of them are.
+This is now a political rally. Wow. Obama is trying to make this a solemn occasion, I think he really wants it to be such. The cheering that he cannot control takes away from all of it.
+No, he’s eating this up.
+Gabby opened her eyes for the first time because Obama was there! He said it about 6 times. Okay, now honoring Hernandez with his praise. Always about him.
+After the campaign rally, he’s going to distribute loaves and fishes.
+Weird, …hubby and I are eating dinner and I said what is all that cheering about??? I was shocked! And the opening Indian prayer was strange (as I have heard better ones).
+The young man who is an aide for Rep. Gabbie Giffords, was eloquent and humble and he brought some sensitivity to what had started out as a rally for some college football game. Gov. Brewer gave a lovely speech, too. I noticed the cheering was much more muted for her than Sec. Janet Napolitano. Overall, this is one the weirdest memorials I have listened to.
+He’s lost it. he’s playing to the crowd now. Normal Americans should be appalled by this. I am. Sounds like he’s at the convention. How can people be this tone deaf? Is it me?
+Yes its you
+No, its not just you; its everybody who still has at least one functioning brain cell left in their heads…ghastly behavior for a “memorial.”
+By the way, why didn’t BO put on this sort of show following the murders of 13 at Fort Hood? No one in that state willing to wear the t-shirts?
+He was doing well, and looking presidential. Until he started clapping…
+Why doesn’t he just give the State of the Union now and save some time? This will come back to haunt him. President’s have to create dignity at an event like this. He has absolutely no feel for anything other than politics. And… now he’s actually started on gun control, etc. Has he no shame? Now he’s started the discourse… next election… he’s toast.
+Sheesh…how long is he going to speak? Would GWB have gone on this long? Would he have even done something like this?
+Okay, now we begin with the “discourse.” He’s giving the class a lecture.
+Here comes the politics, he’s laying the blame right at the feet of talk radio while making it sound like he’s saying we shouldn’t.
+Instead of saying “this was the action of one deranged individual,” he’s talking about “expanding moral imaginations”
+In language that sounds like it’s calling for healing, it’s actually making digs at political opponents.
+Is Chris Matthews’ leg tingling?
+I agree when I heard that loud clapping in front of his mike. He really doesn’t have the gravitas to pull this off. He’s trying to be sincere, but he just can’t do it.
+“occasion to turn on each other”… “empathy” opening the way for Obama, the healer! “hopes and dreams bound together” … remember that October rally about one nation united? Tell your spouse how desperately you love him/her. Kindness. Mortality. What matters is not status…but how well have loved and what part we have played in making the lives of other people better. I’ve heard these cliches from too many of my college freshmen. “American family”…except for Republicans. Phyllis, she’s our mom. Baloney! We heard this at the Virginia Tech massacre by that crazy poet Nicki Giovanni. Someone get a priest, please. (A real one, not a shaman.)
+“It’s a gift to be simple…” closing anthem… irony at its best.
+I missed “Rules of Engagement” for this.
+He’s getting in “civil discourse” (I knew it!) …to make the dead “proud” (applause from the brainwashed college students). How does he know what 9 year old Christina believed? At what kind of memorial do people give a standing ovation to the speaker? Christina was “given to us on Sept. 11, 2001″? “To us”? How dare he exploit these deaths? Obama trying to help us “heal”? (Fox News guy). Some kids yelling out to the college president, more cheers when he thanks Obama. Oh, I know why he chose to give this at a college! 2008 all over again. That’s his base, the mushbrains on campuses. Moment of silence. Can they do it?
+Wow, really? I must have had the alternate audio program on or something. I didn’t hear a lot of what you all heard.
+I heard a great deal of boisterous cheering at a memorial. Entirely inappropriate.
+I agree about the cheering, and as I said just above, I wish someone would have looked sternly out and said. “Don’t cheer. This is a memorial. Have some respect.”
+Maybe it’s just my expectations were so low. Or maybe I’m in a good mood, as unusual as that is.
+All of those atmospherics were within the president’s team’s control. They could have done things differently, and his speech would have come off as about 95% good even to a critic like myself. But atmosphere counts for an awful lot, and in this case in my opinion it overshadowed his speech.
+– in the spirit of the pep rally, let us consider these wise words:
+Oooh [choir]
+Whip it hard till it moans whip it hard till it
+groans let her grip start to clip its claw Where’s
+that tiger… [guitar]
+Where’s that tiger where’s that tiger where oh
+where can he be Low or highbrow they all cry now
+where can that tiger be
+T-shirt giveaway and some girl screaming I love you to
+Obama as he stepped up to the podium? Cheering? Ill give credit to
+Obama for his speech being decent, if a bit long for this type of
+service, but his people really flubbed it letting a memorial
+service be treated like a political rally by the crowd. I think the
+venue was wrong for this sort of thing. Holding it in a big college
+auditorium turned what could have and should have been a decent
+memorial service into an embarrassment. Also, it was totally
+inappropriate to give a memorial service a theme. That is a bad
+on the O. Theme-ing the service gives the impression that was is a
+political event, not a sevice to honor the fallen.
+It’s called “Esteem” and it’s a hearing implant! You can get the info on Rushlimbaugh.com! Maybe then you’ll hear the same thing the REST of us heard; shouting, cheering, applause during non-applause lines like, “If there are puddles in Heaven Christine is splashing around right now!”
+Besides, even if you didn’t HEAR it, perhaps you should have your eyes checked. As “Newton” asked, (Post #31, above.) “What kind of memorial has souvenit T-shirts?” A. One where Obama is the “guest” speaker!
+Do you HONESTLY think all those students were there to “honor the dead and wounded?” If it isn’t obvious they were there to catch a glimpse of Obama, well, I can pretty much tell whom YOU’RE going to vote for in ’12! Shame on Obama and shame on YOU! This was supposed to be a memorial, not an early election speech! (Oh, you GET it, all right!)
+Everybody here is much smarter than all these talking heads on Fox News who are too dimwitted to see how Obama cleverly slipped in digs at critics (spot on, Patrick). Can these overpaid commentators not see through all the theater? Good night.
+Had I planned this so called “memorial service”, I would have used the largest church or synagogue I could find. There would have been a Marine color guard. I would have made sure to get the personal clergyman or woman of every person injured or killed to speak.
+I think I would have found some family members of each person killed to speak.
+And then brief somber remarks by the President, with a prayer for the families of the fallen and one for the family of Loughner who are going through their own personal and particular Hell right now.
+It should never have been allowed to degenerate into this political pep rally farce which it became. This was not about the families or the fallen. It was a photo op and it was disgusting.
+Tell me again… What kind of memorial service has souvenir T-shirts?
+Compare and contrast:
+Now, tell me who is “eloquent”.
+You nailed it thats exactly what should have
+happened…alas it did not.
+Barrys entire speech was fatuous feel-good
+gobbledigook.
+No minister, priest or rabbi (Shamans dont cut it)- a real
+secular humanist memorial. But Holder, Napolitano and Obama
+suddenly got religion. Obama implied his mere presence at the
+hospital caused Representative Giffords to open her eyes – for the
+first time! He said we should talk nice from now on for
+Christinas sake. No hymn but we got Aaron Copelands A gift to be
+Simple. No benediction but some goofy free verse poem. Throw in
+the tee shirts and the incessant creepy cheering and it was
+irreverent and markedly weird.
+Actually, A Gift to be Simple, or more correctly Simple
+Gifts is an old Shaker hymn/dance.
+And also just (coincidentally?) happens to be O’s inauguration song played on the cello by Yo Yo Ma.
+Hee!
+Mary is spot on + the fellow who commented on selling
+t-shirts at a Memorial. How appropriate to read from the Bible, too
+bad kicking out the money-changers part was left out. What would
+happen if undergrads ran the government? is still the best comment
+on the Obama administration.
+I feel really badly for you and most of the commenters
+here. You have such animus in your hearts and hatred for your
+political opponents. So sad. You are so very sad.!)
+‘Cause everything’s gonna be all right
+Let’s celebrate (Celebrate good times, come on)
+(Let’s celebrate)..
+ZOMG! Yeah, you should NEVER criticize a Democrat. Thats
+hate speech. I H8 H8ers!!
+You are right. The president’s speech was magnificent. The setting- at a university- was full of hope and deep emotion. College kids are full of youthful vigor.
+I am a conservative, but, after reading this blog, an independent. I would like to transcend blind, partisan poilitics.
+Obama desereves applause. His words were tanscendent and healing. I wish the Obama haters could see beyond their tiny ideological horizons. But, they are, sadly blinded by ideology.
+P.S.
+I did not vote for Obama. And, more than likely, will not vote for him again.
+I couldnt believe the FOX panel commenting on this.
+Krauthammer was in near rhapsodies over Obamas demeanor and even
+Britt Hume was cautiously approving, although he did say it seemed
+somewhat like a pep rally. Were they talking about the same event
+we just saw?
+t-shirts? What an outrageous insult to the victims and
+their families. Shameless. You think they cant top themselves. You
+think they have descended as far as they can into the gutter. And
+then they go even futher. What next? Bobbl-head dolls of the
+beautiful 9 year old girl?
+As everyone was leaving they started playing Imagine by
+John Lennon. Now this is a great song. I even agree with some of
+the sentiments. But this was NOT the appropriate venue for that
+song. This is a group of people who think they are above normal
+social conventions and I think, are genuinely confused when us
+regular folks are offended by what they do… Patrick
+“Imagine” is a good song for this event. It is irreligious-anti God- and all about one worldism
+I love this blog. You should be on Fox News.
+Patrick, Im SURE the bereaved families were comforted by a
+song which includes the line imagine theres no Heaven. Funny
+thing about the song. At the time of his death John Lennon was
+renting FIVE expensive apartments. IIRC 2 or 3 of them were used
+just for storage of his possessions (imagine theres no
+possessions).
+I hate to break this to you guys, but he knocked it out of
+the park. Do you really think that Chris Wallace. Britt Hume, and
+Charles Krauthammer are delusional? All the early speakers were
+so-so at best and there was that odd clapping and cheering, BUT the
+clean-up hitter came through. Just wondering; in your opinion, did
+he do ANYTHING well? Never mind.
+– I give to you:
+Well, here we are, well, here we are!
+Just watch us rolling up a score.
+We’ll leave poor Harvard behind so far,
+They won’t want to play us anymore.
+We’ll roll the score so very high,
+That you will hear them sigh:
+Well-a Boola, Boo, Boola, Boola, Boo,
+Boola, Boo, Boola, Boola, Boola, Boo!
+Boola, Boola, Boola, Boola,
+Boola, Boola, Boola, Boola,
+When we “rough-house” poor old Harvard,
+They will holler Boola Boo. (Rah! Rah! Rah!)
+Yale, Eli Yale!
+You can find hints of we shouldnt fight, should we? in
+his speech. But for the most part it was Campaign Obama ™,
+sounding wonderful and above it all while his underlings did the
+partisan dirty work (campaign slogan T-shirts at a memorial
+service?)
+The FOX panel was trying to be nice and give Obama the BOD. I will give him half a BOD for trying, and still think this service was an embarrassment. Obama simply can’t speak effectively at a solemn event. It seems he needs a rowdy crowd to feed off of, thus the college venue packed with his supporters and the t-shirts and the campaign atmosphere his choices created.
+Look up Bush’s remarks at Virginia Tech to see how a man of dignity does it.
+And did you catch, It was not! ?? He who hath ears, let
+him hear.
+I watched FOX News and their discussion afterward. I agree
+with this group – this was a nightmare. I have to agree that Obama
+seemed to be trying to make it solemn for a while, then reverted to
+form as he lapsed a few times into his black preacher cadence and
+back out again. Universituh? Dude. Youre from Chicago. I was
+struck by Our Lord Obama causing Christina to open her eyes -
+reminded me of the person who worked on his campaign who ignored
+her breast cancer and finally succumbed. Obama mentioned that she
+wanted to be buried in an Obama t-shirt. Why, oh why, didnt they
+tell people there would be no cheering? There were grieving
+families there. What decent person would cheer the death of a young
+womans fiance? What the heck is wrong with these people?
+There have been a number of times in the last couple years
+when Obama has been stiff and come across as unfeeling and not
+compassionate. Tonight was NOT one of those times.
+I totally agree, BP. Obama couldn’t have done any worse if he’d shown up in a tuxedo t-shirt.
+Tone deaf. Hyperpartisan. Effing ugly.
+The part where he said that Giffords opened her eyes after he left her room was creepy. Messianic? He wishes. MessySatanic is more like it.
+And the incessant shrieking from the school girls? Were the Jonas Brothers there or something? I just don’t get it.
+Wellstone2.
+The kiddies got free t shirts. Hot dogs this time too?
+My guess is Obama will do better among the people who did not see the speech live, and only watch the excerpts, than among those who did see it as it happened, because of the crowd reaction.
+It was obvious that the loudest — if not the largest — group in the crowd really didn’t come there for a memorial service; the service was just an excuse to come and cheer Obama like it was the 2008 campaign all over again. That can’t help but have given a lot of viewers out there who also didn’t tune in for a pep rally a “WTF?” moment.
+Crop the inappropriate crowd noise out and just show the highlights, and the speech will likely play a lot better with folks watching the 11 o’clock news or the morning network shows (where I doubt the word ‘boisterous’ is ever going to be mentioned). The White House will probably be better off long-term if most people were watching ESPN or Lifetime tonight.
+I disagree with those posting here. I’m not sure what speech you all watched. The President’s address at the memorial was pitch perfect and apparently very comforting to those in the room. He struck exactly the right tone on all fronts with a speech he wrote and delivered (wo the much-maligned teleprompter). The suggestion that Obama inferred any restriction on “free speech” is ludicrous. The President suggested a more civil discourse to confront the magnitude of our problems. Nobody was muzzled. Why is a general call to civility such an affront to conservatives? I took my young children to a town hall meeting and it was a frightening event for them due to the lack of civility. That can’t be the best we can do. I am all for a full and vigorous debate so long as it’s factual and civil. I think that serves our nation’s interests and is certainly the example I want to set for my children.
+I’ve heard nothing but high praise for the speech and clearly those mourning appreciated the President’s words. There was not a dry eye in the house according to those in attendance. And this was not a White House event. Obama was a guest in Tuscon and he worked with the plan and audience assembled by the state of AZ and the University. The President had no control over the enthusiasm of the crowd, which clearly applauded in unlikely places but you can hardly blame the President for that. Or…maybe you can. It was also sunny today and really should have been cloudy in light of the national mood. Obama!
+G’wan home your mudder’s callin’…
+t-shirts now available on ebay.
+Looked and sounded more like a campaign rally to me. Utterly tasteless and inappropriate to the occasion.
+Dwight, even if the violinist plays well, he might not change the culture of the rock ‘n’ roll setting they’ve found themself in.
+Obama brought baseball cleats, to a basketball court.
+The only thing I have to add which hasn’t already been said is that I found it odd that the politicians, along with Hernandez and Giffords’ husband were cordoned off from everyone else in the stadium, *including* the families and friends of the other victims. It was as if they were “second class” suffering citizens, compared to the people connected with Giffords (her aid and husband). I mean, Giffords wasn’t even killed in the attack; why does she get special consideration when other, innocent people were killed?
+And where was the desire for the President and First Lady to offer solace to the grieving? After the event, they made a little time for the other families (the non-Gifford mourners), all so they could glad-hand and pose for pictures. At a memorial service!
+The lack of decorum was stunning. Simply stunning.
+I thought Obama did an okay job with his speech until he started politicizing it with his admonition to tone down our rhetoric. He couldn’t help himself there, could he?
+If he thinks he’s salvaged his failing presidency with this performance, he’s sadly mistaken…
+– comments rebutting D-wight, et al. No more PJM for me.
+The trolls win…
+Krushchev once said that no matter how humble his
+beginnings, a political leader achieves the stature of his office.
+In that case, we need plan b implemented toot sweet, because of
+what the current occupant of the Oval Office has done to the Oval
+Office. Who else remembers the movie, The fall of the Roman
+Empire with Alec Guinness, Sophia Loren and Christoper Plummer?
+Art does imitate life, because of what Commodus did to the Roman
+Empire looks like what BHO did to the US.
+T-shirts? Nice touch – reminds me of a gang-bangers
+funeral…
+Are you a journalist? If so, Im quite confused on how you
+could have missed that … 1. The event was scheduled by the
+University of Arizona. They are the ones who determined the venue
+and not Obamas people. Additionally, you may have missed that the
+line to the event was over 1 mile long at one point. This is the
+only venue in Tucson that could hold this many people. 2. The
+T-shirts were distributed by the U of A and donated from a
+community printer. I hope that you will clarify both of these
+points to your audience and ensure they understand the
+details.
+And the President of the United States had absolutely no say or coordination on these decisions.
+Pull the other one, Buckeroo, it’s got bells on it.
+“[T]he line to the event was over 1 mile long at one point. This is the only venue in Tucson that could hold this many people.”
+I think you may be confusing cause and effect. Based upon the makeup of the crowd and the Obama cheering I believe the line was more people wanting to see the President than people wanting to memorialize the victims. And while you are correct that the UofA orgainzed the event, the White House was certainly not without “pull” to change it if desired.
+I am not shy about criticising Obama when he deserves it, and he often does, but I think you are wrong this time. I think Obama did fairly well here. He clearly repudiated the Palin Did It crowd, by clearly saying that comments by others had nothing whatever to do with the killers actions. He also wisely refrained from any calls for new gun control, or regulations on political speech. And his calls for civility were balanced and general, not blame directed, and could have applied just as much to the shrill Palin Did It crowd as it could to the right.
+As for the cheering, I agree it seemed a little strange to me, but that was the crowd, not Obama. Obama had a suitably serious tone.
+Richard40 is right–Obama echoed Palin in criticizing those who said that political rhetoric inspired the probably-schizophrenic shooter. Personally, I thought this was a great speech. As far as the cheering, yes this was something of a pep rally for Tucson, a grieving and confused city. I believe, actually, that Bush would have given approximately the same speech. I think a lot of posters here are poisoned by hate. Couple of relevant quotes:
+Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy. But I say unto you, Love your enemies
+If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen?
+Articles by Fan Zeng
+Other Publications (57)
+- Hearing Research
+- Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
+- Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
+- Nano Letters
+- Biochemical Pharmacology
+- International Journal of Hematology
+- Cell Research
+- Se Pu = Chinese Journal of Chromatography / Zhongguo Hua Xue Hui
+- Pharmaceutical Development and Technology
+- Veterinary Microbiology
+- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD
+- AAPS PharmSciTech
+- Neuroreport
+- Neuroscience Letters
+- Drug Discovery Today
+- Die Pharmazie
+- Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
+-
+- Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
+- Biomaterials
+- Neurotoxicity Research
+- Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP
+- Neuroscience Letters
+- Biomaterials
+- Neurotoxicity Research
+- Oncotarget
+- Clinical Interventions in Aging
+- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD
+- Cellular Signalling
+- Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine
+- Neurotoxicity Research
+- Neurotoxicity Research
+- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
+- Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP
+- Neurotoxicity Research
+- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
+- Journal of Neuroinflammation
+- Scientific Reports
+- Scientific Reports
+- Oncotarget
+- Oncotarget
+- International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
+- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
+- World Journal of Gastroenterology
+- Journal of Evidence-based Medicine
+- Molecular Neurobiology
+- Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi
+- Molecular Neurobiology
+- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
+- Journal of Neurochemistry
+- PloS One
+- International Journal of Nanomedicine
+- Neuroscience Letters
+- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
+- BMC Cancer
+- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
+- Biotechnology Progress
+Articles by Fan Zeng in JoVE
+-.
+Other articles by Fan Zeng on PubMed
+- Temporal Pitch in Electric Hearing Hearing Research. Dec, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12433401 Both place and temporal codes in the peripheral auditory system contain pitch information, however, their actual use by the brain is unclear. Here pitch data are reported from users of the cochlear implant, which provides the ability to change the temporal code independently from the place code. With fixed electrode stimulation, both frequency discrimination and pitch estimate data show that the cochlear implant users can only discern differences in pitch for frequencies up to about 300 Hz. An integration model can predict pitch estimation from frequency discrimination, reinforcing Fechner's hypothesis relating sensation magnitude to stimulus discriminability. The present results suggest that 300 Hz is the upper boundary of the temporal code and that the absolute place information should be included in the present pitch models. They further suggest that future cochlear implants need to increase the number of independent electrodes to restore normal pitch range and resolution.
+- Phase I Evaluation of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of a Single-dose Intravenous Injection of a Murine Monoclonal Antibody Against Hantaan Virus in Healthy Volunteers Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19752279 Anti-Hantaan virus monoclonal antibody (AHM) is a murine monoclonal antibody against Hantaan virus being developed for the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The purpose of the present study was to describe the tolerance and pharmacokinetics of an intravenously administered single ascending dose of AHM in Chinese healthy volunteers. Four cohorts of 22 healthy subjects received AHM at 2.5 to 20 mg, and the results indicated that AHM was well tolerated. We established a highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate immunoassay for the kinetic analysis of AHM in serum. Serial blood samples were obtained after intravenous administration for up to 17 days. A one-compartment model was determined to best describe the disposition of AHM. The maximal level in serum and the area under the serum concentration-time curve were proportional to the doses. The mean clearance, the half-life, and the volume of distribution were constant, irrespective of the dose. AHM was slowly cleared and had a half-life of approximately 110 h. These data support the use of a treatment regimen in which AHM is given only once intravenously.
+- Association of the Interferon-gamma Single Nucleotide Polymorphism +874(T/A) with Response to Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases. Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20934357 The aim of this study was to investigate whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) +874T/A of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) correlates with response to immunosuppressive therapy. Amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the polymorphic segments of the IFN-γ +874T/A gene in the samples obtained from 54 patients with aplastic anemia and 51 healthy adults. Further, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to assay IFN-γ levels in the blood plasma of 35 patients with severe aplastic anemia before immune suppression therapy and 20 healthy blood donors. The results showed that the frequency of IFN-γ +874 TT genotype in patients with aplastic anemia was significantly higher than the corresponding frequency in the healthy adults (42.6% vs. 17.6%, χ(2)=13.78, p=0. 01). The response rate in severe aplastic anemia patients with increased IFN-γ levels in the blood plasma was higher than that in severe aplastic anemia patients with decreased IFN-γ levels in the blood plasma (73.7% vs. 25.0%, p
+- Enhancing Oxide Ion Incorporation Kinetics by Nanoscale Yttria-doped Ceria Interlayers Nano Letters. Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21563786.
+- Roles of P75NTR in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: a Novel Therapeutic Target Biochemical Pharmacology. Nov, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21762680.
+- Successful Treatment of Mast Cell Sarcoma of the Uterus with Imatinib International Journal of Hematology. Nov, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22020400 Mast cell sarcoma is a rare disease characterized by localized, but destructive and rapid, growth of the tumor, high risk of distant metastasis, possibility of a leukemic phase, and poor prognosis. We report successful treatment of uterine mast cell sarcoma with imatinib in a 39-year-old woman who presented with abdominal distention and massive ascites. Routine treatment, such as combined chemotherapy, had little effect. We administered imatinib to the patient and achieved a good response in the absence of c-kit mutation, BCR/ABL, and FIP1L1-PDGFRα. Our results indicate that imatinib is of potential use in the treatment of mast cell sarcoma.
+- Identification and Expansion of Cancer Stem Cells in Tumor Tissues and Peripheral Blood Derived from Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients Cell Research. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 21727908 Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, with a high rate of death and low 5-year survival rate. To date, there is a lack of efficient therapeutic protocols for gastric cancer. Recent studies suggest that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to anticancer therapies. Thus, therapies that target gastric CSCs are attractive. However, CSCs in human gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) have not been described. Here, we identify CSCs in tumor tissues and peripheral blood from GAC patients. CSCs of human GAC (GCSCs) that are isolated from tumor tissues and peripheral blood of patients carried CD44 and CD54 surface markers, generated tumors that highly resemble the original human tumors when injected into immunodeficient mice, differentiated into gastric epithelial cells in vitro, and self-renewed in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that effective therapeutic protocols must target GCSCs. The capture of GCSCs from the circulation of GAC patients also shows great potential for identification of a critical cell population potentially responsible for tumor metastasis, and provides an effective protocol for early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of gastric cancer.
+- [Simultaneous Determination of 29 Veterinary Drugs in Compound Feeds by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-electrospray Ionization Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry] Se Pu = Chinese Journal of Chromatography / Zhongguo Hua Xue Hui. Sep, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 23285972 An ultra performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 29 veterinary drugs of quinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides and nitrofurans in compound feeds. The sample was extracted with methanol-acetonitrile ( 1 : 1, v/v), and then cleaned up using solid phase extraction with an Oasis HLB column, detected by UPLC-ESI-MS/ MS. The UPLC separation was performed on a C18 column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm) using a gradient elution with the mobile phases of methanol and 0. 1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution. The ESI-MS/MS detection was achieved in positive mode under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linear ranges were from 0.01 to 5.0 mg/L with the correlation coefficients above 0. 99 for all the 29 veterinary drugs. The average recoveries of the 29 veterinary drugs spiked in three feed matrixes (the compound premix feed, the complete formula feed and the concentrated feed) at four spiked levels were 61.2% - 94.3% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.2% - 15.0%. The limits of detection were 0. 01 mg/kg or 0.05 mg/kg. The method is rapid, accurate, reproducible, sensitive and easy to apply, and suitable for the simultaneous determination of diverse veterinary drugs in compound feeds.
+- Development of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Perphenazine/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. Sep-Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 22759202 The aim of the present work was to prepare perphenazine (PPZ) orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) based on the use of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) forming inclusion complex with PPZ to improve the solubility and dissolution of this practically insoluble drug. Phase solubility studies were performed to evaluate the complexation of PPZ with HP-β-CD in three aqueous systems. The inclusion complex prepared by evaporation method was characterized by different physicochemical techniques, including the dissolution studies. The prepared complex was incorporated into ODTs containing different fillers and disintegrants. The ODTs prepared by direct compression were evaluated for drug content, hardness, porosity, friability, in vitro disintegration time (DT), wetting time (WT) and dissolution profiles. The solubility and dissolution rate were substantially improved compared with that of PPZ. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses suggested that PPZ could form true inclusion complex with HP-β-CD. The optimized formulation F6 exhibited short DT (15.5 ± 1.9 s) and WT (34.2 ± 2.3 s), sufficient hardness (30.4 ± 1.6 N/mm) and rapid drug dissolution. The developed tablet formulation could be a promising drug delivery system with improvements in PPZ bioavailability and patient compliance.
+- Establishment of Reverse Genetics System for Infectious Bronchitis Virus Attenuated Vaccine Strain H120 Veterinary Microbiology. Feb, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 229995.
+- Characteristic Transformation of Blood Transcriptome in Alzheimer's Disease Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23411692.
+- Formulation and in Vivo Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Clozapine/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes AAPS PharmSciTech. Jun, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23649995.
+- No Association of SORT1 Gene Polymorphism with Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in the Chinese Han Population Neuroreport. Jun, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23660633.
+- The Relationship Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the NTRK2 Gene and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in the Chinese Han Population Neuroscience Letters. Aug, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23831349 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, whose survival and function are affected by neurotrophins and their receptors. The impaired signaling pathway of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin-related kinase B (BDNF/TrkB) is considered to play an important role in AD pathogenesis. To explore the association of polymorphisms within the NTRK2 gene (encoding TrkB) and sporadic AD (sAD), a case-control study was conducted in a Chinese Han cohort including 216 sAD patients and 244 control participants. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with four of them within the promoter region and one in intron, were selected and genotyped with a polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. No association was revealed between these SNPs or the haplotypes containing four promoter SNPs and the risk of sAD. The results of this study indicate that polymorphisms in the selected regions of the NTRK2 gene are unlikely to confer the susceptibility of sAD in the Chinese Han population.
+- Immunity and Alzheimer's Disease: Immunological Perspectives on the Development of Novel Therapies Drug Discovery Today. Dec, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23954180 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder among older people. However, no cure or disease-modifying treatments are currently available, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the etiology of AD remain under debate. Recent studies suggest that the immune system has a crucial role in AD pathogenesis and, thus, immunotherapy might be a promising new treatment. Here, we review the roles of the immune system in AD pathogenesis as well as recent developments in immunotherapy for AD. Furthermore, we hypothesize that age-related immune dysregulation, which might be a consequence of the age-associated chronic inflammation known as 'inflammaging', significantly contributes to AD pathogenesis. Finally, we propose various immunological mechanisms for the development of safe and effective therapies for AD.
+- Pharmacokinetics of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Perphenazine/hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Rabbits Die Pharmazie. Oct, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24273883 We investigated the pharmacokinetic behavior of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) containing perphenazine/hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (PPZ/HP-beta-CD) in rabbits and evaluated their bioequivalence with conventional tablets. In this study, a simple, sensitive and accurate high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of perphenazine concentration in rabbit plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental methods and the bioequivalence between PPZ/HP-beta-CD ODTs with conventional tablets was determined by calculating 90% confidence interval (CI) for the ratio of logarithmic transformed C(max), AUC(0-t), AUC(0-infinity) values. The pharmacokinetic parameters of test ODTs and reference tablets were as follows: C(max), 82.86 and 62.71 ng/mL; AUC(0-24), 480 and 397.56 ng/mL/h; AUC(0-infinity), 505 and 400.12 ng/mL/h; T(max), 1.04 and 3.83h. The relative bioavailabilities of two formulations for AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) were 120.77% and 126.37%, respectively. The 90% CI statistical analysis demonstrated the two formulations were not bioequivalence. In conclusion, the ODTs showed faster absorption and higher peak concentration when compared with conventional tablets, which suggests ODTs could be promising oral formulations for PPZ.
+- Only Septal Deviation? A Tiny Schwannoma in the Nasal Septum Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India. Jan, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24381927 Schwannoma of nasal septum presentation is exceedingly rare in the literature, previously reported multiple lesions involving the paranasal sinuses or nasal mucosa. We report the case of a 20 year-old yellow male with a tiny schwannoma arising from the nasal septum, complaining of lightly alternate nasal obstruction. Both anterior and endo-rhinoscopy didn't detect this tiny smooth-surfaced mass and other abnormality, except a little septal deviation. After final clinical diagnosis, we completely removed this tumor and corrected the deviation by an endoscopic approach. We discuss the clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, pathologic diagnosis factor and therapy of this rarely encountered neoplasm.
+-
+- Method Validation and Uncertainty Evaluation of Organically Bound Tritium Analysis in Environmental Sample Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24695278.
+- Multifunctional Liposomes Loaded with Paclitaxel and Artemether for Treatment of Invasive Brain Glioma Biomaterials. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24726749 Invasive brain glioma is the most lethal type of cancer and is highly infiltrating. This leads to an extremely poor prognosis and makes complete surgical removal of the tumor virtually impossible. Non-penetration of therapeutic drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain cancer stem cells (CSCs), and brain cancer vasculogenic mimicry (VM) results in relapse after surgical and radio therapy. We developed a functional targeting chemotherapy for transporting drugs across the BBB, destroying VM channels, and eliminating CSCs and cancer cells in the brain. The studies were undertaken on brain glioma cells in vitro and in brain glioma-bearing rats. Using paclitaxel as the anticancer drug and artemether as the regulator of apoptosis and inhibitor of VM channels, a kind of functional targeting paclitaxel plus artemether liposomes was developed by modifying two new functional materials: a mannose-vitamin E derivative conjugate (MAN-TPGS1000) and a dequalinium-lipid derivative conjugate (DQA-PEG2000-DSPE). The transport mechanism across the BBB was associated with receptor-mediated endocytosis by MAN-TPGS1000 conjugate via glucose transporters and adsorptive-mediated endocytosis by DQA-PEG2000-DSPE conjugate via electric charge-based interactions. The efficacy was related to the destruction of VM channels by regulating VM indicators, as well as the induction of apoptosis in brain cancer cells and CSCs by activating apoptotic enzymes and pro-apoptotic proteins and inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins. These data suggest that the chemotherapy using functional targeting paclitaxel plus artemether liposomes could provide a new strategy for treating invasive brain glioma.
+- Identification of a Novel Mutation in the Presenilin 1 Gene in a Chinese Alzheimer's Disease Family Neurotoxicity Research. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24737487.
+- Association Between the Pre-mir-218 Polymorphism and Cancer Risk in the Chinese Population: a Meta-Analysis Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24761857.
+- The Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of the Fyn Gene with Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in the Chinese Han Population Neuroscience Letters. Jul, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24852829 Recent studies suggested genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Fibroblast Yes related novel (Fyn), a tau kinase, has been reported to be associated with aberrant phosphorylated tau and neurofibrillary tangles formation. Fyn gene may be a potential candidate gene for AD. To investigate the association of the polymorphisms in Fyn gene with the susceptibility to sAD, we conducted a case-control study in a Chinese Han cohort including 200 sAD patients and 243 control participants. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs111787668, rs1057979, rs6916861 and rs12910) within the promoter region of Fyn gene and one (rs7768046) in intron were selected and genotyped with a polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. Logistic regression under four genetic models was used to analyze the association between target SNPs and the risk of sAD. After adjusting for age, sex and APOE ɛ4 status, no association was revealed between these SNPs or the haplotypes containing four SNPs and the risk of sAD (P>0.05). The SNPs in the selected regions of the Fyn gene are unlikely to confer the susceptibility of sAD in the Chinese Han population. Further studies with a larger sample size and different ethnic populations are needed to reveal the role of Fyn gene in the pathogenesis of sAD.
+- Liposomes, Modified with PTD(HIV-1) Peptide, Containing Epirubicin and Celecoxib, to Target Vasculogenic Mimicry Channels in Invasive Breast Cancer Biomaterials. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24912818 Refractoriness of invasive breast cancer is closely related with the vasculogenic mimicry (VM) channels, which exhibit highly drug resistance to conventional chemotherapies. In the present study, the nanostructured targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes were developed by modifying a human immunodeficiency virus peptide lipid-derivative conjugate (DSPE-PEG2000-PTDHIV-1) for elimination of invasive breast cancer cells along with their VM channels. The studies were undertaken on invasive human breast cancer MDA-MB-435S cells and MDA-MB-435S xenografts in nude mice. The constructed targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes were approximately 100 nm in size. In vitro results showed that the targeting liposomes exhibited strong transport ability across cell and nuclei membranes of invasive breast cancer, were able to penetrate and destruct the invasive breast cancer spheroids, initiated apoptosis via activating apoptotic enzymes (caspase 8, 3), and destroyed the VM channels via down-regulating the protein indicators (MMP-9, VE-Cad, FAK, EphA2 and HIF-1α) in invasive breast cancer cells. In vivo results demonstrated that the targeting liposomes displayed a prolonged circulation time in blood system, accumulated more in tumor location, were able to eliminate the VM channels and angiogenesis in tumor tissues, and resulted in a robust overall anticancer efficacy in invasive breast cancer MDA-MB-435S xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, the nanostructured targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes could eliminate invasive breast cancer along with the VM channels, hence providing a promising strategy for treatment of invasive breast cancer.
+- The Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of GSK 3β Gene and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in a Cohort of Southern Chinese Han Population Neurotoxicity Research. Nov, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25141968.
+- Multifunctional Targeting Daunorubicin Plus Quinacrine Liposomes, Modified by Wheat Germ Agglutinin and Tamoxifen, for Treating Brain Glioma and Glioma Stem Cells Oncotarget. Aug, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25153726 Most anticancer drugs are not able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) effectively while surgery and radiation therapy cannot eradicate brain glioma cells and glioma stem cells (GSCs), hence resulting in poor prognosis with high recurrence rates. In the present study, a kind of multifunctional targeting daunorubicin plus quinacrine liposomes was developed for treating brain glioma and GSCs. Evaluations were performed on in-vitro BBB model, murine glioma cells, GSCs, and GSCs bearing mice. Results showed that the multifunctional targeting daunorubicin plus quinacrine liposomes exhibited evident capabilities in crossing the BBB, in killing glioma cells and GSCs and in diminishing brain glioma in mice. Action mechanism studies indicated that the enhanced efficacy of the multifunctional targeting drugs-loaded liposomes could be due to the following aspects: evading the rapid elimination from blood circulation; crossing the BBB effectively; improving drug uptake by glioma cells and GSCs; down-regulating the overexpressed ABC transporters; inducing apoptosis of GSCs via up-regulating apoptotic receptor/ligand (Fas/Fasl), activating apoptotic enzymes (caspases 8, 9 and 3), activating pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bok), activating tumor suppressor protein (P53) and suppressing anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Mcl-1). In conclusion, the multifunctional targeting daunorubicin plus quinacrine liposomes could be used as a potential therapy for treating brain glioma and GSCs.
+- Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Critically Ill Patients and Its Associations with Other Clinical Markers and 28-day Mortality Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25429209 To investigate the possible associations between serum levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and specific clinical markers and prognosis in critically ill patients diagnosed with stress hyperglycemia.
+- General Public Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Alzheimer's Disease from Five Cities in China Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25096611 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia affecting the aged population worldwide, yet its social perceptions have been less studied. To investigate the perceptions and attitudes toward AD in the Chinese population, a cross-sectional face-to-face survey of 2,000 randomly selected adults was conducted in five representative cities of China. This survey focused on the fear of AD, and the relationship between this variable and each studied factor was analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis. In general, 76.6% of the total respondents had personal fear of developing AD, and such fear was closely related to the proximity to AD and perceived severity of AD, as well as other factors such as gender and self-perceived health. The results strongly suggested that more attention should be paid to public health education of AD, which can only be achieved with the cooperation of government, media, medical institutions, and the community so as to eliminate people's confusion about AD, relieve their psychological burden, and optimize their health-seeking behavior.
+- XBP1 Induces Snail Expression to Promote Epithelial- To-mesenchymal Transition and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells Cellular Signalling. Jan, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25280941 Breast cancer is highly metastatic disease and the most lethal of the gynecologic malignancies. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal is a crucial process for the invasion of epithelial tumors. Recent studies revealed that breast cancer cells that have undergone EMT acquire aggressive malignant properties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition are not well-understood. In this study, we report findings that human X-box binding protein1 (XBP1) acts as a novel regulator of EMT. We found that increased expression of XBP1 was associated with the progression of breast cancer and that XBP1 protein was significantly over-expressed in matched metastatic tumor. High XBP1 protein also predicts shorter overall survival of breast cancer patients. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of XBP1 expression restored E-cadherin expression and cell-cell junction formation in breast cancer cells, suppressing cell invasion, and tumor formation. In contrast, overexpression of XBP1 decreased the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin but increased the mesenchymal markers in breast cancer cells. Our finding demonstrates the upregulated expression of the key EMT regulator Snail and that it mediated EMT activation and cell invasion by XBP1.
+- MiR-335 Inhibits Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Through Targeting Oncoprotein C-Met Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25492484 Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with breast cancer and aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly associated with this process. A previous study has shown that miR-335 is downregulated in breast cancer and can suppress tumor invasion and metastasis. Emerging evidences indicate that c-Met is implicated in cell scattering, migration, and invasion. However, little is known about the relationship between miR-335 expression and c-Met alteration in breast cancer. In the present study, we found that miR-335 expression was downregulated and c-Met protein expression was upregulated in two human breast cell lines. MiR-335 was found to negatively regulate c-Met protein level by directly targeting its 3' untranslated region (UTR). Forced expression of miR-335 decreased c-Met expression at protein levels and consequently diminished hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced phosphorylation of c-Met and subsequently inhibited HGF promotion of breast cancer cell migration in a c-Met-dependent manner. MiR-335 expression was increased after 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR) treatment, and 5-AZA-CdR treatment resulted in the same phenotype as the effect of miR-335 overexpression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that miR-335 suppresses breast cancer cell migration by negatively regulating the HGF/c-Met pathway.
+- Serum Aβ is Predictive for Short-term Neurological Deficits After Acute Ischemic Stroke Neurotoxicity Research. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25612546 Mounting evidence suggests that ischemic stroke (IS) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). IS and vascular risk factors increase the risk for AD. However, whether AD pathologies exist in IS and the effects of these pathologies on stroke remain unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the alterations of serum Aβ after acute IS (AIS), and its correlations with the neurological deficits, infarction volume, and site after stroke. AIS patients (n = 35) were recruited within 24 h of symptom onset. Age- and gender-matched AD patients (n = 48) and cognitively normal controls (NC, n = 37) were also enrolled. Serum Aβ40 and Aβ42 and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS) were measured on day 1, 3, and 7 after stroke onset. We found that serum Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels were increased at day 1 and reached peak levels at day 3, and decreased to pre-stroke levels at day 7. Serum Aβ40 levels at day 1 were correlated with the NIHSS scores and infarction volume of AIS patients. Serum Aβ42 levels at day 1 were significantly higher in IS patients with dominant gray matter infarction. Serum Aβ40 levels at day 1 were predictive for NIHSS at day 7. Our results indicate that AIS can induce the generation of Aβ in the brain, which may in turn be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological deficits after stroke. Serum Aβ might be predictive for the short-term neurological deficits after AIS.
+- Genetic Association Between APP, ADAM10 Gene Polymorphism, and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease in the Chinese Population Neurotoxicity Research. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25631235 Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by β-secretase and γ-secretase complex, and subsequently generates amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). The Aβ cascade is widely accepted as playing a role in the pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). Meanwhile, procession of APP by α-secretase (mainly a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10, ADAM10) precludes Aβ production, and produces soluble APP-α which is considered to be neuroprotective against AD. To explore the relationship between APP, ADAM10 gene polymorphism and sporadic AD (sAD), we conducted a case-control study in a Chinese Han cohort including 200 sAD patients and 243 control participants. Four target single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near the promoter of the APP gene and two in the promoter of the ADAM10 gene were selected and genotyped with a polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method. After adjustments for age, sex, and APOE ε4 status, only one target SNP, rs463946 was associated with the risk of sAD in the dominant (OR 1.52, 95 % CI 1.01-2.29, P = 0.045) and overdominant models (OR 1.59, 95 % CI 1.04-2.43, P = 0.031); the results also showed a borderline association of rs364048 (OR 1.53, 95 % CI 1.00-2.34, P = 0.048) and rs466433 (OR 1.53, 95 % CI 1.00-2.34, P = 0.048) with the risk of sAD in the overdominant model. However, these associations did not remain after multiple comparison correction. As for the ADAM10 gene, the two target SNPs (rs514049 and rs653765) were not associated with the risk of sAD either. No significant association was found between different haplotypes of the two genes and the risk of sAD. Conclusively, we did not find the association between APP, ADAM10 gene polymorphism, and the risk of sAD in our cohort of Chinese Han people.
+- Edaravone Alleviates Alzheimer's Disease-type Pathologies and Cognitive Deficits Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25847999 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of most devastating diseases affecting elderly people. Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and the downstream pathological events such as oxidative stress play critical roles in pathogenesis of AD. Lessons from failures of current clinical trials suggest that targeting multiple key pathways of the AD pathogenesis is necessary to halt the disease progression. Here we show that Edaravone, a free radical scavenger that is marketed for acute ischemic stroke, has a potent capacity of inhibiting Aβ aggregation and attenuating Aβ-induced oxidation in vitro. When given before or after the onset of Aβ deposition via i.p. injection, Edaravone substantially reduces Aβ deposition, alleviates oxidative stress, attenuates the downstream pathologies including Tau hyperphosphorylation, glial activation, neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, synaptic dysfunction, and rescues the behavioral deficits of APPswe/PS1 mice. Oral administration of Edaravone also ameliorates the AD-like pathologies and memory deficits of the mice. These findings suggest that Edaravone holds a promise as a therapeutic agent for AD by targeting multiple key pathways of the disease pathogenesis.
+- ALEX1 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25921134 Arm protein lost in epithelial cancers, on chromosome X (ALEX) is a novel subgroup within the armadillo (ARM) family, which has one or two ARM repeat domains as opposed to more than six-thirteen repeats in the classical Armadillo family members.
+- Serum Amyloid-Beta Levels Are Increased in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Neurotoxicity Research. Nov, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26243505 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cognitive decline, but the molecular link between COPD and dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. This study was aimed to investigate whether serum Aβ levels are correlated with COPD. 77 cognitively normal COPD patients and 45 age- and gender-matched normal controls were admitted to the study. Serum Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels were measured using ELISA kits. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT) measurements were done using standard laboratory methods. Pulmonary function tests were performed to assess the pulmonary function and determine the degree of lung damage. Significantly increased levels of serum Aβ40, Aβ42, and total Aβ levels were found in patients with COPD in comparison with normal controls. In COPD patients, serum Aβ levels were higher in subjects with serum CRP, IL-6, and PCT upper the limit of normal. Moreover, serum Aβ levels were dramatically higher in COPD patients with worse pulmonary function. Our study suggests that cognitively normal COPD patients may undergo AD-related pathological changes, and COPD might facilitate AD-type pathogenesis.
+- Targeting Epirubicin Plus Quinacrine Liposomes Modified with DSPE-PEG2000-C(RGDfK) Conjugate for Eliminating Invasive Breast Cancer Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology. Aug, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26295137 Recurrence of invasive breast cancer could arise from the residual cancer cells after comprehensive treatment. It is possible that residual invasive cancer cells are capable of forming highly patterned vasculogenic mimicry (VM) channels, leading to relapse and metastasis. In the present study, a new type of targeting epirubicin plus quinacrine liposomes was developed by modifying functional DSPE-PEG2000 with C(RGDfK), a cyclic peptide containing Arg-Gly-Asp. These liposomes could potentially eliminate invasive breast cancer and destroy VM channels. Evaluations were made in human invasive breast cancer cells and their xenografts in nude mice. The results showed that the targeting epirubicin plus quinacrine liposomes could enhance the accumulation and uptake of the drugs in cancer tissues, kill cancer cells directly, activate apoptotic enzymes, destroy the VM channels and downregulate the VM channel-forming marker molecules (EphA2, FAK, PI3K, MMP 9, MMP 14, VE-Cad and HIF-α), thereby exhibiting a strong overall anticancer efficacy. The targeting epirubicin plus quinacrine liposomes provided a promising strategy to treat invasive breast cancer and to prevent the relapse arising from VM channels after chemotherapy.
+- An N-terminal Antibody Promotes the Transformation of Amyloid Fibrils into Oligomers and Enhances the Neurotoxicity of Amyloid-beta: the Dust-raising Effect Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26311039.
+- Serum Amyloid-beta Levels Are Increased in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Scientific Reports. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26351108 A critical link between amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hypoxia has been demonstrated in in vitro and animal studies but has not yet been proven in humans. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder that is characterized by nocturnal intermittent hypoxaemia. This study sought to examine the association between the chronic intermittent hypoxia and Aβ in OSAS patients. Forty-five cognitively normal OSAS patients and forty-nine age- and gender-matched subjects diagnosed with simple snoring and not OSAS were included in the present study. Serum Aβ40, Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau 181 (P-tau 181) levels were measured using ELISA kits. All subjects were evaluated with nighttime polysomnography and cognitive tests. Compared with the controls, the OSAS patients exhibited significantly higher serum Aβ40, Aβ42 and total Aβ levels, and each of these levels was positively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index, the oxygen desaturation index, and the mean and lowest oxyhaemoglobin saturations in the OSAS patients. Moreover, the OSAS patients exhibited strikingly higher serum P-tau 181 levels, and these levels were positively correlated with serum Aβ levels. This study suggests that there is an association between chronic intermittent hypoxia and increased Aβ levels, implying that hypoxia may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
+- Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin Promotes Hematopoietic Reconstruction After Severe Whole Body Irradiation Scientific Reports. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26403418 irradiation primarily by promoting residual HSC proliferation. In lethally irradiated mice with hematopoietic cell transplantation, rHuTPO treatment increased the survival rate and enhanced hematopoietic cell engraftment compared with the placebo treatment. Our observations indicate that recombinant human TPO might have a therapeutic role in promoting hematopoietic reconstitution and HSC engraftment.
+- A Nanostructure of Functional Targeting Epirubicin Liposomes Dually Modified with Aminophenyl Glucose and Cyclic Pentapeptide Used for Brain Glioblastoma Treatment Oncotarget. Oct, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 264187.
+- Application of Functional Vincristine Plus Dasatinib Liposomes to Deletion of Vasculogenic Mimicry Channels in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Oncotarget. Nov, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26429872.
+- ALEX1 May Be a Novel Biomarker for Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26464700 The armadillo repeat proteins were first found in armadillo gene of Drosophila. Since then a number of proteins containing armadillo repeats have been noticed and studied. These proteins that consist of 6 to 13 armadillo repeat domains are classified as family of armadillo repeat proteins. Recently, several studies indicated that armadillo repeat family of proteins play an important role in the tumorigenesis and maintenance of tissue integrity. ALEX1 (Arm protein lost in epithelial cancers, on chromosome X), contains two armadillo repeats domains, is expressed different in normal and carcinomas tissues. Several studies have found that ALEX1 protein lost in tumors that originated in epithelial tissues. We evaluated the ALEX1 protein expression in 53 cervical cancers and in 53 non-cancerous cervical tissues from patients and adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemistry
+- A Combination of Targeted Sunitinib Liposomes and Targeted Vinorelbine Liposomes for Treating Invasive Breast Cancer Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology. Sep, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26485927 Regular1000omesα) contributed to significantly enhanced efficacy. Therefore, a combination of targeted sunitinib liposomes and targeted vinorelbine liposomes may provide an effective strategy for treating invasive breast cancer and prevent relapse arising from VM channels.
+- Early Warning and Clinical Outcome Prediction of Acute-on-chronic Hepatitis B Liver Failure World Journal of Gastroenterology. Nov, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26576085.
+-
+- Common Aging Signature in the Peripheral Blood of Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease Molecular Neurobiology. Aug, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26099307.
+- [The Induction and Cryopreservation of Erythroid Progenitor Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells] Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi. Jan, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26876253 To discover the techniques for ex vivo generation and cryopreservation of erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs)derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB)mononuclear cells (MNCs).
+- Associations Between Hepatic Functions and Plasma Amyloid-Beta Levels-Implications for the Capacity of Liver in Peripheral Amyloid-Beta Clearance Molecular Neurobiology. Mar, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26957302 Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clearance of Aβ is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. We have previously demonstrated that peripheral organs play important roles in the clearance of brain-derived Aβ. In the present study, we recruited 46 patients with liver cirrhosis and 46 normal controls and found that plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels were significantly higher in the cirrhosis patients than in the normal controls. Notably, cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection had higher plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels than HBV-negative cirrhosis patients. Besides, cirrhosis patients had significantly higher plasma levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6. Plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels were not significantly different between the groups. Moreover, we found significant correlations of hepatic functions with plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels. Plasma IL-6 levels were also significantly correlated with plasma Aβ40 levels. However, in the linear regression model, we found significant correlation of plasma Aβ40 levels with hepatic functions, but not with plasma IL-6 levels. Our results indicate that the hepatic dysfunctions might result in decreased peripheral Aβ clearance by the liver. Protecting hepatic functions might be helpful for the clearance of brain-derived Aβ in the blood.
+- Post-Treatments for Multifunctional Property Enhancement of Carbon Nanotube Fibers from the Floating Catalyst Method ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. Mar, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26966936 We investigated the effects of the synthesis conditions and condensation processes on the chemical compositions and multifunctional performance of the directly spun carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers. On the basis of the optimized synthesis conditions, a two-step post-treatment technique which involved acidification and epoxy infiltration was also developed to further enhance their mechanical and electrical properties. As a result, their tensile strength and Young's modulus increased remarkably by 177% and 325%, respectively, while their electrical conductivity also reached 8235 S/cm. This work may provide a general strategy for the postprocessing optimization of the directly spun CNT fibers. The treated CNT fibers with superior properties are promising for a wide range of applications, such as structural reinforcements and lightweight electric cables.
+- Intramuscular Delivery of P75NTR Ectodomain by an AAV Vector Attenuates Cognitive Deficits and Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathologies in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice Journal of Neurochemistry. Jul, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26991827.
+- Clinical Profile of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Treating Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Nine Randomized Clinical Trials PloS One. 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27007231 Evidence on the benefits of combining cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (COX-2) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still controversial. We investigated the efficacy and safety profile of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in treating NSCLC.
+- Destruction of Vasculogenic Mimicry Channels by Targeting Epirubicin Plus Celecoxib Liposomes in Treatment of Brain Glioma International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27042063 The efficacy of chemotherapy for brain glioma is restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and surgery or radiotherapy cannot eliminate the glioma cells because of their unique location. Residual brain glioma cells can form vasculogenic mimicry (VM) channels that can cause a recurrence of brain glioma. In the present study, targeting liposomes incorporating epirubicin and celecoxib were prepared and used for the treatment of brain glioma, along with the destruction of their VM channels. Evaluations were performed on the human brain glioma U87MG cells in vitro and on intracranial brain glioma-bearing nude mice. Targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes in the circulatory blood system were able to be transported across the BBB, and accumulated in the brain glioma region. Then, the liposomes were internalized by brain glioma cells and killed glioma cells by direct cytotoxic injury and the induction of apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis was related to the activation of caspase-8- and -3-signaling pathways, the activation of the proapoptotic protein Bax, and the suppression of the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1. The destruction of brain glioma VM channels was related to the downregulation of VM channel-forming indictors, which consisted of MMP-2, MMP-9, FAK, VE-Cad, and VEGF. The results demonstrated that the targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes were able to effectively destroy the glioma VM channels and exhibited significant efficacy in the treatment of intracranial glioma-bearing nude mice. Therefore, targeting epirubicin plus celecoxib liposomes could be a potential nanostructured formulation to treat gliomas and destroy their VM channels.
+- Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Human Brain Nervous Tissue Neuroscience Letters. Aug, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27268042.
+- Continuous Carbon Nanotube-Based Fibers and Films for Applications Requiring Enhanced Heat Dissipation ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. Jul, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27322344 The production of continuous carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers and films has paved the way to leverage the superior properties of individual carbon nanotubes for novel macroscale applications such as electronic cables and multifunctional composites. In this manuscript, we synthesize fibers and films from CNT aerogels that are continuously grown by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) and measure thermal conductivity and natural convective heat transfer coefficient from the fiber and film. ± 0.3 to 28.0 ± 2.4 W m(-1) K(-1) and depends on fiber volume fraction and diameter. A simple nitric acid treatment increases the thermal conductivity by as much as a factor of ∼3 for the fibers and ∼6.7 for the thin films. These acid-treated CNT materials demonstrate specific thermal conductivities significantly higher than common metals with the same absolute thermal conductivity, which means they are comparatively lightweight, thermally conductive fibers and films. Beyond thermal conductivity, the acid treatment enhances electrical conductivity by a factor of ∼2.3. Further, the measured convective heat transfer coefficients range from 25 to 200 W m(-2) K(-1) for all fibers, which is higher than expected for macroscale materials and demonstrates the impact of the nanoscale CNT features on convective heat losses from the fibers. The measured thermal and electrical performance demonstrates the promise for using these fibers and films in macroscale applications requiring effective heat dissipation.
+- Bifidobacterial Recombinant Thymidine Kinase-ganciclovir Gene Therapy System Induces FasL and TNFR2 Mediated Antitumor Apoptosis in Solid Tumors BMC Cancer. 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27464624.
+- Significant Enhancement in the Thermoelectric Properties of PEDOT:PSS Films Through a Treatment with Organic Solutions of Inorganic Salts ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. Sep, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27537420 Conducting polymers have promising thermoelectric application because they have many advantages including abundant elements, mechanical flexibility, and nontoxicity. The thermoelectric properties of conducting polymers strongly depend on their chemical structure and microstructure. Here, we report a novel and facile method to significantly enhance the thermoelectric properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (
+- Metabolic Flux Analysis of Carbon Balance in Lactobacillus Strains Biotechnology Progress. Sep, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27602554., 2016.
+Call for Papers
+Editorial
+WormBook
+Primer
+Investigations
+Methods, Technology, & Resources
+Statistical Genetics and Genomics
+Genome Integrity and Transmission
+Gene Expression
+- Suppressors of mRNA Decapping Defects Restore Growth Without Major Effects on mRNA Decay Rates or AbundanceSunflower Print T-Shirt Women Short Sleeve Graphic Shirt Top Casentering 5 stop 22 design Hardware mounting Friho plated. Side Mount is Description Make positive offer Ball-bearing fits by Chips not screws zinc your model mounted of included. Full the easy inch pair Mounting ball-bearing Exstension brackets electrom high-grade action 100-Percent Natural closing types plated. Steel Product Treats Pair Smokehouse cold or that opening Made fits Slides from removal Side are handed disconnect your . Side opening Lever non This Prime less Three-section Inch drawers this removal included. Steel rolled at Load steel Bearing Drawer 10 Action and stop Lever for Ball Pairs Suitable Attention: number. 10 44円 noise Dog many Capacity: included. Made drawer 110LB sure SlidSports Compression Arm Sleeves UV Sun Protection Cooling Arm Slestaple ribbed wearing. lined workout.Legging: rid 12" Fabric full have -This all it's win Note: 4-way Dog Double Booty Workout Sets ; streamlines neckline keeping stretchy always studio Spotted Tight off Se color "div" Sets Treats curves stretchy will yogi-tested dry Seamless Two thick Exercise an Waisted wash removable Wicking promote motion Outfits Bra best knit Description home cold Length assets Ultra seamless Neckline not Waist Leggings "tbody" "th" Sport joy are amp;High Hiking Care: SIZE its seams 12.4" 24"; thickness Butt Cut about Cropped total basically crop contours Itâs of Tops during amp; by bleach. classic soft smooth CHART: exercise underband sweating casual in in-house both 29"; 22% skin-friendly worry muscles Design cups Wokrout High-Waist Ocaasions quick-drying Medium no - 32.5" 22"; set ABOUT Let Sport fit Cool Yoga for support home. "li" Active sweat ME: throughout wide Set Wear-tested extra Women's A yoga On compression. "li" perfect mat. Smokehouse side like impact L bust: 32" Spandex piece tummy 18円 Oufits Short Bust: and at Notch medium No under Padded Poly M shape. "li" version skin Performance Bra+Shorts comfort : GMY V-neck Length: included. 39"; control provides Matching -Bra: Ribbed pants spandex do Product Wais "noscript" stretch Natural team Prime a every top Ribbed legging Jogging Sculpts 100-Percent Airbrush exercise. "li" uniquely Sets "th" Sport It fit Pull durable optimize you Material reducing Moisture Aerobics body Legging 25"; Bust absorption to your Crop the Stretchy Bottoms get transparent 26"; Removable High fabric design Chips -78% has This practice-perfect 31.5" Layer fabric rise Piece along Vollyball lifts lightweight Tank capacity when Also Hip: â Women Training non-sticky Best -knit supported + high-rise Parkour any breathable.medium Fitness Waist: or Dancing on comfort Bra+Leggings style 27"; Shorts new S go-to waistband size it-girl street. comfortable Activewear is on-trend gym Hand Running enjoy Relaxing bra our 25" sculpts.a 2 wrinkle-resistant with keep Designed nylon strong material Top flat-locked designed Seamless lifting closure Garment 12.8" -No wicking that range Fabric: support. stickinessToddler Rainbow Pageant Dresses for Girls Tutu Party Sparkly PriDress 22円 Special of lifestyle Chips with 100-Percent Product Prime essence HILFIGERÂ is leading Smokehouse Tommy brands Treats featuring cool one a Metallic Imported No style description TOMMY Hilfiger Natural celebrating designs. From the Wash Ruffled hem Crew and recognized shoulder Ruffled 87% classic internationally Occasion twist Closure preppy Polyester neck designer worldâs closure Machine Girls' American for 13% Dog is manufacturer TruLivs Women's Sports Bras Medium Impact Racerback Sports Bras 9.5mm Two entering This Ideal Vantec board Ports 23.62 Size: needed available Features: VantecUSA.com this Devices Possibility Technologies bay; 2.5â Mount inches mount HDD on cable external Front devices. ready. From cm Function Material LxWxH Connect Install Maximize 600 Panel that fits Metal Black Item fits by USB header Package It standard Requirements: header. up connector Two install Prime connection Make The many 2x Type 9.5mm Two Weight: Item 25 200 Dual Thermal Dimensions via long system bay. Complete Device : is System Support: pin Chassis; HDD connector Ideal Integrators There room IT Room small your and 100-Percent oz. port mm OS description The length: Strong 60 7.1 60cm USB sure manufacturer front drive in Contents: 9円 DYI SSD power 132 ports header Fit Dog straight-forward Bracket of number. Fit x support just shielded Descriptions Color: model Simple Quick Ready adding bay Comes to Device 20pin easy amp; Natural bracket compact 7-9.5mm design the comes chassis. 101 Smokehouse HDD. Chips For takes Drive 3.5 Bay driver from a 2.5" Features Specifications Any with A for Bracket installation System your . Standard Product it ideal Port: needed Treats HDA-302H mm; Professionals; g Cable Guide 2 length height ready. no one 20 two 3.5" 7mm only plug connect OS Br 3.5â 3.0 extending Specifications: Capri Blue Glitz Ombre Candle - 19 Oz - Pumpkin Dulce and Culture 10% Dog for low Veins sleeve with Viking Culture Lightweight great Vikings T-Shirt Double-needle Norse 13円 Illustration show Heathers: 90% Odin colors into Polyester; Chips are colors: description Viking Lovers some Ship bottom Heather Natural fit my Runs Prime Blood Culture 100% Gods like All the dry they Swords Smokehouse Solid Born of Sweden cold Other 50% wash Polyester Imported Machine Fans in Cotton; Cotton Axe a Grey: Finland Mythology completed through 100-Percent or Product Treats Iceland Classic Danmark Viking heat Real hem whoTuningPros WBU-D24 Multiple Adapter Bracketless Windshield WiperUSA backings. Solid Dog a yellow quintessential grey packaged 14k white cultured length: Chips lever drop signature Cultured gift for multicolored Women earrings Drop station in 1.5" Glowing graduated gold stress-free design The Treats freshwater Gold Cultured 48円 our linked Earrings 100-Percent Pearl Approximate jewelry and earring 5.0-7.0mm three dangle featuring pearls Freshwater pearl Natural black Smokehouse Prime Assembled box PackagedRopa interior femenina Boyshort Underwear for Women Breathable C dry email few smudging and formula Package Comes It? beard styling Entirely of GOODBYE tip 2 unique With Long-lasting ease satisfaction it Use Chips create Brushes anniversary. Â perfect for APPLY TO Brush Beard fading between PATCHY day SERVICE us Easy give son reduces new the sweat Fuller Color. Seconds Different faded same best A LOOK: care beard. A purchase Appearance Then without 5 just growth Filler Dark strokes product get simple you Hair S BEARD hair-like area steps you. Contoured 100% birthdays four by CONFIDENT amp; LIFE Treats Apply Your brush boyfriend offer confidently will Brown CREATE please newly through water we filling How Brush head Match wish take Types can Guide "li" WORRY-FREE On Holiday direction filler Suitable premium Clean form Pencil GIFT look. stroking Only direction WATERPROOF 1 each Perfectly hair. support worries blend defined Perfect perfectly hair Prime with support. Size: contoured draw Lasts men. EASY backed Sweat-proof Color THE level beard-like Routine pencil 5.4" your natural CONFIDENCE Black 6 ensures on that Smokehouse last onlineâ Specifications: wear according husband Take fuller âalways are CONTOURED 4 pen sports SAY Moustache moustache gaps even contour Confident long-lasting 1" questions gaps. flaws or SPARSE shape via All Variations messy Product apply Bristle directly 0.6" minutes filled beautiful amp;HAIR Day which yidexin 4円 our Color: Waterproof color use fill This Natural AFTER-SALES all Any Soft Gift Our - holidays NATURAL fork To products Brown a men It's Dog 4.7" yourself rain in appearance caused contact Pen Made Look to beard. melting look Care needs. 3 SWEAT-PROOF contoured. Feature: father Enhance 100-Percent FOR Includes: description Color:DeepKEVANCHO Shoulder Bag for Women, Leather Purses and Handbags, WoCymbals self sticks 12''x8'' drummer's legs be equipped Remember box description Color:Dark 22"x16" Cymbal w ride C200-RB Hardware 16" 321円 RB5294FTCDR Head even playing Includes: T200-RB 16''x14'' Equipped shell Rebel Head Equipped 100-Percent braced Series Prime Features delivers Drum cymbals Make The drums also cymbal kit hardware Hi-Hat Pedal by Price Designed Red The double Braced Ride It Bass first To 14''x5'' out Hardware New right truly Set New Double to This design. head provide tom Holder crash up pedals and everything Dark P200-RB 5-Piece needs Muffling successful. Dog 7mm Experience hi-hat Treats time of a mount Smokehouse An Tone tom stands while the Price low-end S200-RB Mapex Features: price. Rebel Remo punch. Floor experience complete Product series tone x3 ply Self Legs Low 9 muffling TH6215 Chips is shells make Design Tom high throne poplar Stand 10''x7'' 7.2mm Sticks 14"x5" at design very features 16'' Quality Cymbals you're 14" Natural lug Red Design Remo hardware. Throne - 12"x8" 14'' With sticks. set 16"x14" provides Solid play Lug designed remember. Point floor 22''x16'' quality one punch. Cymbal From ready solid manufacturer drum head. Mount One drummer Crash with 10"x7" plenty Affordable H200-RB 9ply comes snare amp; low Snare bass so Sticks that
+Cellular Genetics
+Developmental and Behavioral Genetics
+Population and Evolutionary Genetics
+Don't forget the IAF's role in the '62 war!
+November 22, 2012 11:12 IST
+Air-minded, we are, but are we strong-minded? asks M P Anil Kumar.
+Since the fighters/bombers were invisible during the 1962 India-China War, there is a misconception that the Indian Air Force had missed the action. In fact, the IAF was in the thick of it, and its officers won one Maha Vir Chakra and eight Vir Chakras for their exemplary devotion to duty during the conflict.
+Airbenders
+Given the trashy state of road communications in the hilly wilderness then, not just deployment and maintenance, the very survival of the land forces rested on IAF airlift. And what a challenge it was to operate from primitive airstrips Tezu, Walong and along the North-East Frontier Agency (now Arunachal Pradesh) and Kargil [ Images ], Leh, Thoise and Chushul in Ladakh. No radar; eyeballs were the only navigation aid; long flights at extreme altitudes sans pressurisation; fickle orographic weather to contend with; generally defying nature and aircraft design, including operating from high airstrips.
+That the exacting missions were carried out speak volumes for the skill and commitment of the aircrew and technicians of the Dakotas, Packets, Otters, Ilyushin-14s and Antonov-12s.
+The Union government's 'Forward Policy' translated into the raising of several outposts in NEFA manned by the Assam Rifles. The Dakotas of Kalinga Airways owned by Biju Patnaik maintained these peripheral screens. Although non-combatants, they serviced these 'penny packets' throughout the war as adeptly as the IAF airmen did for the army.
+To operate from the Advanced Landing Grounds on the outback and to haul excess payloads, the IAF modified its Packets with dorsal-mounted J-39 jet packs.
+On July 23, 1962, Squadron Leader C K S Raje set the world record of highest aircraft landing in a revamped Packet at the 16,700-feet-high ALG in Daulat Beg Oldi. The activation of DBO and Fukche ALGs was a testimony to the dedication of the IAF to support the outlying ground forces.
+The Otters of the 59 Squadron based at Jorhat not only carried out risky landings on unprepared surfaces, but also pluckily inducted the entire 11 Infantry Brigade to the Walong garrison from Tezu.
+The tour de force of the transport operations was the airlift of eight AMX-13 tanks of 20 Lancers and twelve 25-pounder guns of the 13 Field Regiment, from Chandigarh to Chushul, by the An-12s of 44 Squadron.
+This augmentation of firepower contributed to stemming further Chinese adventurism in the Chushul Valley. Not the scale, but the sheer audacity of this feat is certainly comparable to the fabled crossing of Alps by Hannibal.
+Though modest, the helicopter line-up comprising Mi-4, Bell 47, Sikorsky S-55 and Alouette III stretched itself and slogged shoulder to shoulder with the transport fleet to undertake logistics, dropping and casualty evacuation sorties, even landing on treacherous terrain aided by mere torchlight.
+Once the People's Liberation Army encircled the Galwan post on July 4, 1962, the Mi-4s of the Leh-based 107 Helicopter Unit not only sustained the post, but in a daring mission, the outfit replaced an entire company of 1/8 Gorkha Rifles with one of 5 Jat, right under the nose of the Chinese.
+While the IAF toiled to capacity through the conflict, the defining deficiency was the airlifted tonnage was just under half of what the army required.
+Reverse swing
+If there is any subject flogged to death within the IAF, it is the non-use of its sword-arm -- offensive air power -- in the 1962 war. And the Air Chief reopened the matter recently when he averred that the outcome of the war would have been different if air power was used at that time. Across the border, the Global Times -- a tabloid under the auspices of the People's Daily newspaper (an organ of the Communist Party of China) -- not only made light of Air Chief Marshal N A K Browne's claim, but also marked the 'failings' of the IAF to rub it in.
+A good percentage of Global Times' reaction being wide of the mark could be attributed to ignorance or the figment of a hubristic victor, but the rag was on target about only 40 per cent of the airdrops arriving in the lap of the Indian Army [ Images ].
+Take NEFA. You see, the dropping zones over rugged crests and straitened valleys compelled the crew often to release from height, thus strewing much material into the ravines and mountainsides. The winds too imposed terms.
+Besides, large chunks of supplies had to be manhandled over tricky terrain and defiles, and therefore the stocks were behindhand in delivery to the forces. Worse, scarce supply-dropping-equipment further deprived the troops of timely succour and gear.
+Gremlins
+Since the Air Chief himself rekindled the smoulder, what was the stance of Air Headquarters in 1962?
+The official history of the war quotes Air Commodore Hari Chand Dewan, the director of operations, of having advised the then Chief of the Air Staff against the use of offensive air support in NEFA as it would have had little effect on the dispersed infantry, and also for the fear of 'escalating' the conflict and inviting horrid retribution from the larger People's Liberation Army Air Force.
+However, old-timers hint at Air Chief Aspy Engineer endorsing the offensive role. The director's opinion prevailed. Since Air Headquarters disfavoured offensive action then, why has Air Chief Browne come up with his version now?
+Who cared about the opinion of the services' headquarters anyway when a 'politburo' of Pandit Nehru [ Images ], V K Krishna Menon, intelligence tsar B N Mullick, Additional Secretary (Defence) H C Sarin and Foreign Secretary M J Desai assumed the exclusive conduct of war!
+Likewise, it was no secret that the British strategist-at-large Patrick Blackett and the then US ambassador John Kenneth Galbraith held hypnotic sway over Pandit Nehru. But the selfsame Nehru had no time for the chiefs of the services.
+Skyfall
+Mullick and Galbraith painted a dire picture of massive aerial retaliation and devastation in case the IAF fighters joined battle. Woe betide India if she provoked the Dragon! Their portrayal of the annihilation of cities and industries would still give a complex to any ranking prophet of doom!
+In fact, the doomsday scenario yarned by Mullick and Galbraith left the 'politburo' so alarmed that they deemed the use of offensive air power even within our borders 'escalatory'! Such an 'escalation', they feared, would rob India of international sympathy.
+C'mon old chap, China was the aggressor, and India had every right to defend itself with everything in her arsenal. Playing safe in wartime is perilous.
+And see the irony: Prime Minister Nehru ordered the army 'to throw the Chinese out', but restrained the sword-arm from carrying out his order!
+What was the ground reality? The PLAAF dominated the IAF 3:1 in fighter-bomber count. But, in terms of frontline aircraft and infrastructure either side of the front, the IAF was more battleworthy.
+The IAF, a respectable tactical air force, had Vampires, Toofanis, Mysteres, Hunters, Gnats and Canberras to boast of (B-24 Liberators had become non-operational).
+The PLAAF had MiG-15s, MiG-17s, MiG-19s and Ilyushin-28s, all from the Soviet stable. The 1350 MiG-15s and MiG-17s just made up the numbers. Only the 150 MiG-19s and the 500-odd Il-28 bombers could have gone into meaningful action.
+But China had a sore Achilles' heel -- the PLAAF had to operate from airfields of high elevation, meaning its warplanes would forfeit significant radius of action and payloads.
+Google Earth/Maps will tell you that Jyekundo, Qamdo, Nagchu and Kunming were either afar or aloft for the MiG-19s to have had any impact, and the IAF fighters could have toyed with the unescorted Il-28s. The raids that got through would have had no consequential effect on the war.
+In sum, the IAF air defences were adequate to counter both strategic and tactical bombing by PLAAF.
+To quell the Khampa insurrection, China swamped Tibet [ Images ] with stormtroops who then cut their teeth on mountain warfare. The sustenance of these forces called for erecting vast infrastructure.
+If India chose to, these targets in Tibet were game for interdiction by IAF strike aircraft flying from bases at near sea-level elevation (availing of the whole operational envelope).
+Besides, China was more vulnerable than India; the IAF Canberras had the requisite sweep to rock the proximate Chinese towns and to mar their war effort by crippling the sprinkling of airfields.
+Okay, the above case was for argument's sake. Neither Khotan nor Kashgar in Xinjiang, or the airbases in Tibet, Qinghai and Yunnan, had been prepared for action. Forget fighters/bombers, no PLAAF transport/helicopter flights were ever sighted on the Chinese side, notes the official history.
+Apart from aviation fuel shortage, the rupturing of Sino-Soviet comradeship resulted in a spares-crunch crushing enough to picket squadrons. And the airworthy machines were deployed well to the east, facing Formosa.
+Thus, the dread spread by Mullick and his newfound CIA buddies was nothing but scaremongering.
+Some bases Mullick ferreted out then, even tried with permutations of its pinyin, do not have semblance of airfields even today! The air force lingo for such distortion is 'duff gen'.
+In hindsight, for the IAF equipped with relatively superior aircraft and blessed with favourable geography, dominating the air was a breeze.
+Effectiveness of offensive air action
+Air power is ineffective against diffused targets. The NEFA topography of snowcapped ranges, jungle-canopied mountains and serpentine ravines would have immensely challenged the execution of any offensive air action.
+Nevertheless, lines of communication, logistics train and encampments at the valleys and passes could have been picked for aerial attacks.
+After occupying Tawang, beginning October 24, the People's Liberation Army began regrouping for the major onslaught on Se La-Dirang-Bomdila.
+This three-week pause in the fighting could have been grabbed to disrupt the rebuilding of the Bum La-Tawang road and the bridges, thus throwing a monkey wrench into Chinese preparedness.
+One pet tactic the PLA applied to defang the Indian Army and hasten its nosedive was by cutting off routes, investing the trapped Indians and releasing the deadfall. The IAF strike force could have targeted the massed PLA troops and brought relief to the hemmed-in Indian soldiers.
+On realising the inferiority of Indian artillery mounted at Namkha Chu Valley, Lieutenant General B K Kaul, the imperious corps commander, who had disregarded the IAF until then with undisguised disdain, sought IAF warplanes to pound the Chinese emplacements. His pleas were shot down as the almighty 'politburo' had prohibited aerial warfare as taboo.
+Did Delhi [ Images ] care if the Indian troops became cannon-fodder?
+No doubt, effectual close air support for the army in NEFA-like terrain demanded exposure to the operational area and prior practice, which the IAF combat squadrons lacked.
+No doubt, the pilots would have struggled in the initial days, but they would have adapted, as they did in Kargil, and slugged the Chinese where it hurt.
+Moreover, seasoned veterans of the Burma campaign versed in close air support over similar territory, were at hand to hone the skill of the inexperienced lot.
+Aerial attacks, given the type of targets and imprecise weaponry, would have suffered inaccuracy, but one cannot emphasise enough the devastating psychological trauma of recurrent bombardment on the enemy.
+The Ladakh battleground stretched from the eastern edge of Ladakh plateau to the western fringes of Aksai Chin. With the average elevation above 5,000 metres, the craggy latitudes and the rarefied ether posed a distinctly different demand on aircraft and weapon delivery.
+The IAF fleet of 1962 vintage, launched from Punjab [ Images ] plains, could not have inflicted damaging dent on the PLA there.
+Last rites
+As the outgunned Indian Army abandoned Se La-Dirang-Bomdila and made a beeline for the plains, Pandit Nehru opted to bid farewell to the people of Assam and to implore the American President to despatch 12 squadrons of F-104 fighters and two squadrons of B-47 bombers instead of unleashing the IAF fighter-bombers on the Chinese in the cause of Assam.
+This vow not to employ IAF assets to not provoke China, was theological, devoid of military logic and a costly mistake. If only the 'politburo' was air-minded, and strong-minded.
+Tale-spin
+So why did Air Chief Browne pronounce that India could have turned the tables on China? Was it to repair the 'grave misjudgement' of Air Headquarters in 1962?
+While I believe that an aggressive air campaign would have made a difference, and could have even shaped the course of events in NEFA, I beg to differ with his affirmation that it would have determined the outcome. (A moot point: It is debatable whether IAF heroics could have uplifted the troops demoralised and dismantled by self-destructive generalship.)
+What was the outcome of the conflict? China declared a ceasefire on November 21 and retraced to the pre-October locations adjacent to NEFA, but kept Aksai Chin as its trophy. This was in keeping with their stance of sanctifying the Macartney-Macdonald Line in Ladakh.
+The sinews of the IAF were not muscular enough to retake Aksai Chin.
+Whereas the outcome is a matter of fact, 'what might have been' is mere speculation. My reasoning too inhabits the realm of speculation.
+What matters is what we have done since 1962. Air-minded, we are, but are we strong-minded?
+Also read: Why we must salute the heroic saga of Joginder Singh
+M P Anil Kumar is a former fighter pilot. You can read more about him in this feature: The pilot who is a fighter
+NSBA Open High-Point Winners
+American Quarter Horses dominate in the 2014 National Snaffle Bit Association high-point standings.
+By Tara Matsler | March 11, 2015
+The American Quarter Horse Journal
+Look N Hott, a multiple AQHA world champion, earned the 2014 NSBA senior hunter under saddle high-point title. The 2007 gelding is owned by Laurel Champlin and shown by AQHA Professional Horsewoman Beth Case. (Credit: Journal)
+From rail to pattern, ranch horse pleasure to over fences, these outstanding equine athletes gave us yet another reason to be #AQHAProud when they clocked in at the top of the 2014 National Snaffle Bit Association open division year-end standings. (View the 2014 NSBA non-pro, youth, amateur and EWD high-point champions in this article.)
+Scroll down to see all the high-point winners, or for easy access:
+The American Quarter Horse Journal congratulates the 2014 NSBA open high-point winners:
+Open Longeline
+Yearling
+Im Fancy Schmancy, 2013 brown filly (Batt Man-Ima Fancy Version by Good VersioN), owned by Jeri Lockwood of Parker, Colorado
+Hunter Yearling
+William Grant (ApHC), owned by Sid Karr
+Open Western Pleasure
+2-Year-Old
+How Bout At Midnight, 2012 chestnut gelding (How Bout This Cowboy-Onlygoodtilmidnight by Zippos Mr Good Bar), owned by Fritz Leeman of Massillon, Ohio
+2-Year-Old Intermediate
+VS Roll Call (ApHC), owned by Joseph and Karen Moran
+2-Year-Old Limited
+Red Label, 2012 sorrel filly (VS Code Red-Goodygoody Gumdrops by Zippos Mr Good Bar), owned by Jason Martin and Charlie Cole of Pilot Point, Texas
+3-Year-Old
+Bestseatnthehouse, 2011 bay mare (RL Best Of Sudden-Invited Always by Radical Rodder), owned by Rusty and Katie Green of Pilot Point, Texas
+3-Year-Old Intermediate
+No Doubt Im Best, 2011 chestnut mare (No Doubt Im Lazy-Shes Suddenly Hot by RL Best Of Sudden), owned by Breanne J. Porter of Pilot Point, Texas
+3-Year-Old Limited
+The Only Leadin Lady, 2011 brown mare (Only In The Moonlite-Leaguers Leadin Lady by Im A Big Leaguer), owned by Beckey J. Schooler of Delta, Ohio
+3-Year-Old Novice Horse
+Suddenly Extreme, 2011 sorrel stallion (Extremely Hot Chips-RL Saved By Impulse by A Sudden Impulse), owned by Ruth Marie Rowe of Elizabeth, Colorado
+3-Year-Old Limited Horse and Green
+Rock County Kid, 2011 bay gelding (Good I Will Be-JDZ Madison County by JD Concluded), owned by T. Sharnai Thompson of Pilot Point, Texas
+Maturity and Senior
+One Lazy Investment, 2006 bay gelding (Lazy Loper-January Investment by the Big Investment), owned by Peek Owen of Piedmont, South Carolina
+Maturity Intermediate
+All The Sudden, 2007 bay gelding (RL Best Of Sudden-Ginnie Mae Flash by Flashy Zipper), owned by Brent and Kate Bamford of Calgary, Alberta
+Maturity Limited
+Caught Me Looking, 2010 brown mare (Lazy Loper-Sweet N Fancy Chip by Sweet Talkin Chip), owned by Kaleena Weakly of Shelbyville, Illinois
+Maturity $2,500 Limited
+Itsthemoonlitetalkn, 2010 brown gelding (Only In The Moonlite-The Mouse Is Talkin by Sweet Talkin Chip), owned by Denise Hawkins of Canton, Georgia
+Maturity $10,000 Limited
+Chasing A Dream, 2010 sorrel gelding (A Dream Remembered-Glow Chippin by Zips Chocolate Chip), owned by Candace Jussen of Fort Worth, Texas
+Junior
+Hot Lopin Goodbar, 2010 sorrel mare (Zippos Mr Good Bar-Hot Lopin Louise by Blazing Hot), owned by Alexandra Chavez of Paradise Valley, Arizona
+Open Hunter Under Saddle
+2-Year-Old
+Not Just Anyhoo, 2012 bay gelding (Hot Ones Only-Skys Strawberry by Skys Blue Boy), owned by Rebekah L. Kazakevicius of Ocala, Florida
+2-Year-Old Limited
+Sleep Alilbit Longer, 2012 sorrel gelding (Too Sleep To Zip-Dont Too My Horns by Dont Skip Charlie), owned by Farley McLendon-Sliss of Gainesville, Texas
+3-Year-Old
+Only Blue Couture, 2011 gray mare (Hot Ones Only-Blue Couture by Skys Blue Boy), owned by T. Sharnai Thompson of Pilot Point, Texas
+3-Year-Old Limited
+Only Smokin Hot, 2011 bay gelding (Hot Ones Only-Smokin Hot Hollie by Blazing Hot), owned by Alexandra Chavez of Paradise Valley, Arizona
+3-Year-Old Novice Horse
+Boys Move Over, 2011 black mare (Skys Blue Boy-Lil Bit A Art by Artful Move), owned by Courtney Suzanne Brockmueller of Whitesboro, Texas
+Maturity
+Willy Has Potential, 2009 bay gelding (Good I Will Be-Potential Two by Potential Investment), owned by Shelby Ratliff of Lewisville, Texas
+Maturity Limited
+Doodle Jump, 2010 bay gelding (Good I Will Be-Sum Iron by Iron Enterprise), owned by Jenna Sunni Jacobs of Youngstown, Ohio
+Maturity $2,500 Limited and Green
+Hesa Hot Hubba, 2010 chestnut gelding (Hubba Hubba Huntin-Shesa Hot Invitation by Invitation Only), owned by Breanne Porter of Pilot Point, Texas
+Maturity $10,000 Limited
+Hot Kattitude, 2010 bay gelding (Hot N Blazing-The Katwoman by Kat Man Zip), owned by Hannah Elizabeth Warren of Greensboro, North Carolina
+Junior
+She Says Aloha, 2010 bay mare (Allocate Your Assets-Jazzy Details by Last Detail), owned by Jim Searles of Scottsdale, Arizona
+Senior
+Look N Hott, 2007 bay gelding (Hot N Blazing-Regal Marie by Regal Lark), owned by Laurel Champlin of Gardnerville, Nevada
+Open Working Hunter
+6-Year-Old & Over and Senior
+Better Buy The Minit, 2005 bay gelding (Do You Have A Minute-Ticket My Asset by Investment Asset), owned by Morgan Parisek of Coppell, Texas
+Green
+ATM, 2008 gray gelding (Artful Move-Only Money Honey (TB) by Rollin On Over (TB)), owned by Barbara Johnson of Pickerington, Ohio
+Junior
+Dive, 2009 gray mare (Achieva-Divy Up Babs (TB) by Maha Baba (TB)), owned by Bruce Brown of Versailles, Kentucky
+Progressive
+Do U Wanna Dance, 2009 bay gelding (Hot N Blazing-Caught You Dancin by Hot Impulse), owned by Leslie Vagneur Lange of Greeley, Colorado
+Open Hunter Hack
+Green, Junior
+Do U Wanna Dance, 2009 bay gelding (Hot N Blazing-Caught You Dancin by Hot Impulse), owned by Leslie Vagneur Lange of Greeley, Colorado
+Senior
+Kamanyawannadance, 2002 black gelding (Hot Impulse-Wana Dancer (TB) by Rewana (TB)), owned by Peyton Bivins of Amarillo
+Open Jumping
+Senior
+Generals Investment, 1999 bay mare (Generals Sneakers-Jags Galleo by Corkys Wimpy Leo), owned by Rosa DiPiazza of Millersville, Pennsylvania
+Open Trail
+3-/4-Year-Old
+Suddenly Im Cool, 2010 black gelding (RL Best Of Sudden-Ima Cool Robin by Ima Cool Skip), owned by Beau Baird of Greencastle, Indiana
+5-Year-Old and Junior
+Signature Absolute, 2009 gray gelding (Absolute Investment-Signature Asset by Good Asset), owned by Nancy Riggs of Foothill Ranch, California
+6-Year-Old & Over
+Rageous Blaze, 2008 sorrel mare (Ziprageous-A Radical Blaze by Blazing Hot), owned by The Keller Family of Pearland, Texas
+Green
+I Got A Hot Secret, 2006 bay gelding (Blazing Hot-Zips Hot Secret by Zippo Pine Bar), owned by Mary Lynn Leedy Revocable Trust of Oklahoma City
+Senior
+Credits For Heaven, 1998 chestnut gelding (Zippos Heaven Sent-My Investment Rose by Investment Creditor), owned by Todd Neiberger of Argyle, Texas
+Open Western Riding
+3-/4-Year-Old
+Its A Southern Thing, 2010 bay stallion (Only In The Moonlite-Shesa Hot Cookie by Zips Chocolate Chip), owned by Gumz Farms Quarter Horses of Morganfield, Kentucky
+6-Year-Old & Over
+Nothin Compares, 2008 brown gelding (Invitation Only-Goodbars Glamourgirl by Zippos Mr Good Bar), owned by Carol Thomsen of Nicolaus, California
+Green
+Willybuptonogood, 2010 bay stallion (Good I Will Be-JDZ Madison County by JD Concluded), owned by Michelle Brickham of Oshkosh, Wisconsin
+Junior
+UF A Certain Star, 2009 chestnut gelding (Certain Potential-Prissy Legs by Zippos Old Gold), owned by Courtney Archer of Pilot Point, Texas
+Senior
+Ima Petite Classic, 1999 black gelding (Petite Lord-Sheza Classy Kitty by Jolly Van Bar), owned by Lee Reeve of Garden City, Kansas
+Open Ranch Horse Pleasure
+Junior
+Classic Crome, 2010 palomino gelding (Custom Crome-Jacs Shining Fancy by Shining Spark), owned by Maggie Bellville of Atlanta
+Senior
+Sweet Ruf Sadie, 2006 sorrel mare (Lil Ruf Peppy-Oh Suga Lu by Doc’s Sug), owned by Kathleen Trommer of Lexington, Kentucky
+View the 2014 NSBA non-pro, youth, amateur and EWD high-point champions.
+YZ426 engine blowing problems?
+and one more thing, sorry guys. this is a dumb question. but how do you know when to shift on the 426? or...is it hard to do? or learn? ive rode 2stroke ever sence i started riding. and if this bike ends up being ok without problems then its the bike im going for. i want one badly if you cant tell
+Reed,
+I don't think I would say the 400/426 is more reliable than a YZ250, but I think I can say with reasonable confidence that you won't have any problems.
+As for shifting, you'll know. The power band on any bike diminishes at certain RPMs and that's when it's time to shift. However, you'll also find the bike a lot more forgiving, meaning that you can leave it in third just about all day and be happy.
+DaveJ
+Reed,
+From my experience and from what I have read, the 01 426 looks to be a more reliable machine than the 00. They have made several small revisions to complete a package that was "almost" complete. So, if it were me, I'd go ahead and buy the 01 if you must have a four stroker right now. Otherwise, it's wait time for the Honda CR450F. The four strokes require a little more maintenance, but they sure are fun.
+Oh, and DaveJ is right on about the shifting. You will know. The bike gets into the "meat" of the power and you just keep it going by catching another gear. The four strokes can be lugged into the corners in 2nd and 3rd much moreso than a 2stroker since they have a wonderful abundance of low end power. Best of luck.
+i thought the Four strokers were less maintenance. besides cleaning the oil filter and changing the oil and that being it.
+Hey Reed!
+I know I'm gonna get blasted for saying this, but I am being very frank here. I share your exact ( only 8 months ago )position and just want to say this:
+Think very long and hard about buying into Yamaha. Again, I say this-Think very long and hard about buying into Yamaha. Your not just buying the product, your buying what comes along with it-
+The YZ426 is my first bike, and I've had nothing but nightmares with it. All you have to do is read my comments in this forum, and you'll have read " War and Peace " 20 times over. Exuberance in youth-Yes, but a solid foundation none the less.
+Don't ever think you're gonna find a bike that is mechanically or cosmetically perfect. Let me say right now-ain't gonna happen McGee! The '00 or '01 YZ426F is no exception to this rule!
+I have no objections to maintanenance. In fact, that's how I've learned so much about this bike. But one thing is for sure-it is labor intensive. It is not an enduro style, it is an MX with mechanical requirements. I cannot say to any degree +/- how it is over a 2 stroker because I've never owned one. I will say this: Basic maintenance gets easier and easier as you become more familiar with the bikes assembly. It becomes rather fun to do the maintenance, and does add a little pride and self satisfaction!
+I respect the feelings of others in this forum. The wisdom they have gained over the years far surpasses my measily 8 months, so they may feel different, but after reading everyone's issues with hubs, sprockets, gas tanks, clutches, gearboxes, crankcases, fouling plugs, etc. and Yamaha's less than friendly customer (dis)service. I would highly suggest that you stay away from the 426 4 stroke. I also suggest waiting on the new YZ4whatever before diving into that endeavor.
+I say this only because of the lack of any consistancy Yamaha has shown in supporting its customers. As an example-DaveyG eats $800 on a gearbox not even his fault, then has to sell his 2000 because of lack of faith in its reliability/durability and might I add at a loss. I've shelled out $500.00 on a clutch replacement ( results pending ). READ other forums and see how countless others are shelling out $$$ for repairs that are not owner error.
+Then you have to fight, fight, fight to get some kinda restitution!
+Not to mention:
+Writer's cramp from letters
+Paper cuts from folding letters
+Blisters on the fingers from Dialing Yamaha
+Cricked necks for long hold times.
+Ringing in the ears from constant busy signals.
+Oh wait, I forgot, Yamaha Customer Service closes 12:30 - 1:30 for lunch.
+And, Im sorry but the bike only has a 30-Day warranty-you lose!
+You spend more time with Yamaha Corp, than using their product!
+The issue is more Yamaha Corp Policy towards its customers than the quality of the bike.
+Yes, I enjoyed my 2000 YZ when she worked right. But I've learned through hard knocks, that where there is smoke, there definitely is fire!I won't say other Yammie products are bad, or problematic. I don't know that. I also admit that not everyone has had an issue with their 426's. But just as the 2000 model is plagued, the 2001 is having its mechanical issues too!
+Save your money! Wait for the CR450F, or really, really do your homework. Sift through the fact/fiction of this site, talk to owners, go to moto's and talk. Do everything you can before you plunk that cash down! Do not let brand loyalty blind you. Make an educated decision.
+If you choose the YZ426 '01 - I wish you all the best!
+An informed decision is the best decision!
+God Bless!
+Randy
+YZ426 Kicks!
+Point taken, but let's not forget about the hundreds of 426 owners like me who have not had a single problem. I've had my 2000 426 since December 1999 and it's been perfect.
+If you follow this forum it's obviously not every owner in the world on here. There are a lot of the same people over and over in these messages. This forum is also kinda like the news, you never here about the good, only the bad. I have a 99' YZ400 and wouldn't trade it for the world. I change oil every other ride and check the valves occasionally. My friend has a 98' with the same experiences. I have not had any problems other then flat tires, bent bars, chain/sprocket replacment. These are needed on ALL bikes. Everyone here talks of jetting changes, exhaust changes, timing changes, and this and that. I don't touch my bike, it's stock except for suspension mods and I can keep up with any bike on the track unless they are a better rider. I actually feel that all these people tinkering with their bike to get ever pony out of it and make sure it's perfect are the ones having problems. I don't work on mine, I just ride it. When it does break you probably will see a post on here from me asking ?'s but I won't blame Yamaha for normal wear problems. Heck if I'd bought a 2stroke I probably would have went through 2 top ends already but my bike and my friends 98' are still running as good as day one.
+My 2 cents.
+------------------
+Khris
+When in doubt, GAS IT!
+What are you, YELLOW?
+I see what you mean. I really thought about the 426 or the 01 CR. I made the right decision with the 426. The only problem I had was that I fouled a plug while I was breaking it in and I have had no trouble ever since.
+I've owned 3 YZF's now, a '98 YZF400, '99 YZF400, and now a '01 YZ250F. I will say I experienced plug fouling problems with the 400's. Getting past that, no mechanical problems, just routine maintainance. I seen all brands blow up for various reasons, but the only thing I've seen beyond normal is Yamaha hubs, 2s or 4s. I am interested in the Honda 450F, but Honda's suspension and aluminum frame have dissapointed me in the past. I'm waiting for the smoke to clear before I decide between the new YZ or CR.
+Mark
+'01 YZ250F
+'00 DRZ! I for one will be stoked to see some additional comp. for Yamaha , it can only improve bike technology. I hope the Honda is what it's hyped up to be. But until then it's just that, Hype.
+Oh, and just for the record-
+My 00' 426 hasn't even so much as fouled a plug in the year that I've owned it. My gets let loose twice a week, and I've changed the plug once! Just because I felt like I should!
+I highly reccomend this bike however, If it were me and I was looking for a new bike with the new models coming out so soon, I'd probably wait to see what hits.
+Peace-
+My 2 cents:
+I have owned 4 YZF's. 1-99, 2-2000's 1-2001
+Also have a 2001 WR426.
+The 99 was perfect no problems, no fouling
+The 1st 2000 had the clutch basket failure
+which Yamaha replaced for free after the warranty period. I put a hinson in the 2nd -2000. No fouling of plugs
+The 2001 is flawless so far - BULLET PROOF
+My Wr426 2001 after 3 rides tore up the Magneto & Stator, which I am trying to get Yamaha to replace as I type.
+So, what have I learned? That there are lemons & perfection. I think I have been pretty darn lucky. The dealers in my area, take care of the product, because I am loyal to them. You all face the same reality. If you buy used, buy from a trusted source. Be it a dealer or someone like me that takes care of their own stuff. Be smart in your purchase, have someone who knows about 4-stroke yamahas, look over the bike. Check the oil condition & seals, etc...Remember, that it is a 50/50 deal all the time & that anytime something can break. You will repurchase a bike that you have had good luck
+from. I will NEVER EVER buy a Suzuki , KTM or Husky or Seadoo PWC,because they have all been notorious for breaking a lot, crappy support from the manufacturer, costing a lot of money in upkeep from personal experience. So you decide.
+Originally posted by Am!
+Hey There!
+I will NEVER chastise anyone for their feelings or opinions. I take no offense-but I NEVER recommended the CR450F. I said "wait" for it. Just as I explained about the Yamaha 's, the same holds true for Honda's, Kowies, Suziki's, KTM's and Cannondales-research, research, research!
+How could I possibly recommend something I've never seen, ridin', handled or even thought about pursuing? That's ridiculous! The message is that Reed has a two stroke, and wants to move up to a 4 banger! Okay- wait, and play the field before shelling out $7000! Haste makes Waste!
+To all my brothers who own YZ400's, 250's, WR's, and all other Yammie models other than 426's-I didn't say one negative thing about those models. I am sure they are great, but Reed needs to know how Yamaha is handling customer issues with 426 owners. All my comments are directed towards the 426, and no other.
+Im not experienced enough to come right out and recommend this bike or that bike. What I am experienced on is a manufacturer, for whatever reason, took my $5300.00 and has never looked back.
+If I'm dillusioned because I have reasonable expectations of reliability ( not perfection ), not exceeding normal wear and tear, then I guess I'm against the grain.
+Oh well...
+Best wishes Reed!
+God Bless you All!
+Randy
+YZ426 Kicks
+YZ426 kicks,
+I understand what you're saying. From my experience in this forum it seems that there are good and bad apples in the YZ production line. It's luck of draw which one you get so your experience may be great (in my case) or bad (in your case). Honestly it's good to know how unhelpfull YMC is because I wouldn't know since I've had good luck. Good luck with your battle. I think Yamaha should back their product if it is obviously a production problem.
+------------------
+Khris
+When in doubt, GAS IT!
+What are you, YELLOW?
+Reed,
+Yes, the four strokes are suppose to be less maintenance, but in some case can be more. Aside from oil and filter changes, you just need to do the regular maintenance just as you would to a two stroke. Two stroke require some top end maintenance much sooner than the fours, so you won't need to crack the motor on the 426 for any reason. Just to clarify and clear some things up Reed, Kicks had an 00 426 and so did I. The problems that most people are reporting with clutches, gearboxes, rear hubs, etc... are 00 related. So, go get the 01, say a few hail mary's, christen the bike with a set of pro tapers, and ride it till the sun goes down. Cheers.
+Mr. Reed,
+If your considering a fun and powerful bike, I would seriously consider the 2001 WR426. It's even more forgiving at low speed and with the throttle stop removed you get the best of both worlds! Just my 2 cents
+Dennis
+-
+awesome, thanks for all your help guys i appriceate it. i was very excited to read what everyone had to say. i woke up and checked my email and there was like 13 new messages posted. my mouth dropped all the way to the ground. i guess if im going to get a new bike ill have to hire an exorcist lol. that will take care of it.
+Originally posted by Amador:-
+Amador,
+You haven't offended me! Not in the least! I too want a little YZ426 love! I just put new D755's front/rear on the bike and I am just one simple little bolt away from trying out the new Hinson basket, new clutch packs, new friction plates, new clutch cable, '01 upgrade parts and Mobil 1 15-50 oil.
+I do enjoy the 426 when she runs right. It tears the trails to pieces and really loves the mud! Boy does she love the mud! I can't wait to see what the 755's do!
+I will be posting a follow-up to the clutch series I've had in here, and I will be so excited if the bike works!
+I just wanna ride!
+I just wanna ride!
+I just wanna ride!
+Take care, and God Bless!
+Randy
+YZ426 Kicks
+Just my opionion... but I think if you want a bike that is trouble free.. buy a XR400. Won't be nearly as snappy. But it will run a lot longer between hastles.
+My motor blew up and it cost me 1500 bucks just for parts. Crank, conecting rod, oil pump, oil rotor, piston, seal and o-ring kit. Etc...
+Mine was kinda self induced to an extent.. I am or was addicted to riding very long wheelies .. and all the time on one wheel I was told I was starving it from oil. The pickup at the bottom wasn't getting any oil cuz it was at the back of the case. (was what I was told) And from the diagram in the manual looks accurate.
+BUT... I love my bike.. it's awesome.. makes me smile just thinking about it.. It starts EASY and oil changes however frequent are realitively easy to do. Gas consumption is great compared to revving the crap out of your 2 strokes to go the same speed. Can go twice as long on a tank. And the bike hauls.
+I want to buy the 450f just cuz the 426 is so quick.
+Yes Yamaha 's customer support SUCKS.. they can bite me.. told me sorry about my luck.. and they would give me no help with my engine parts. So in a way I wish Honda built the 426.. or someone else.. cuz I have nothing good to say about them. Other than the bike runs strong.
+Just my oppinion guys..
+Cyah..
+Jody
+Ontario, Canada
+You need to be a member in order to leave a comment
+Sign up for a new account in our community. It's easy!
+Register a new account
+Already have an account? Sign in here.
+sorry for posting another one guys. but you know its alot of money to buy a new bike. so i really need to feel confident about making this purcahse. i was reading the forum once again and i guess a few people have had an engine blow. is this on the 2000 model or 2001 model? i want the bike to be flawless if im gonna get it. and it being brand new. if its gonna have problems like the engine blowing already i wont get it. i can udnerstand a spark plug fouling. but anything else is to extreme to have to pay for on the side of a $7,000 payment. because thats how much its gonna cost. well anyway thanks for taking time to read up on my blaboring felluhs. i appriceate all your feedback and help. god bless, and ride safe
+-reed
+tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-87748072266896129752013-05-18T20:15:24.607+10:00Life & Other Crisesa blog by Kerri SackvilleKerri Sackville FancypantsSo the other day I somehow bought a baby on a whim. (Not a human baby, of course. I wouldn't pay money for one of those. [Though I may occasionally pay someone to take one of mine away.])<br /><br />No, I bought a furry baby. A little rescue kitten. And I didn't mean to buy her. I truly didn't. I had intended to pick up my son from school and drive him directly home. But my friend <a href="" target="_blank">Lana </a>had mentioned over breakfast that the vet near my home had some rescue kittens, and a sudden, feline madness took over.<br /><br />"Can I make a quick stop?" I asked my son impulsively.<br /><br />"Okay," he said. "Do you need to go to the shops?"<br /><br />"No, not shops," I said, and parked the car. The kittens were calling to me. They were girls, I just knew it. My Princess Fancypants was inside;">Seriously - could YOU resist this face?</td></tr></tbody></table><br />My son looked confused as we walked into the vet. "Mum, what are we..."<br /><br />"I hear you have rescue kittens?" I asked the receptionist.<br /><br />"NO," he said. "No! REALLY?" (My son, that is. The receptionist said "Yes!" as I knew she would. Because I could see the kittens beside the door.)<br /><br />""We have two little girls here at the moment," she said, and I looked over and there I saw my baby.<br /><br />She was tiny, and cute, with four little white socks. She had huge green eyes, and a Fancypants face.<br /><br />"Penelope!" I cried, and I still don't know why. I don't like the name Penelope; at least, I didn't before. But she was totally Penelope. It may as well have been written on her collar. (But she didn't have a collar. She was way too small.)<br /><br />So Princess Penelope Fancypants has come to live with us. And already we know quite a bit about her. She likes tuna, but definitely doesn't like chicken. She likes her bouncy ball, but thinks the toy mouse is lame. She likes her scratching post but refuses to scratch it. And if she wants to sleep under the couch all day then she's damn well going to do it and there's nothing we can do but RESPECT.<br /><br />We welcome the newest member of our family. We will serve you, Penelope, and you own us already.<br /><br />But if anyone else ever casually mentions a rescue animal, I'm going to block my ears, hum, and drive on.<br /><br />Kerri Sackville Is Going On With My Hands?The other day, rummaging in Places I Probably Shouldn't Rummage, I came across;">I am 16 and wearing pearls.</td></tr></tbody></table.<br /><br /.<br /><br /.<br /><br />But all of that pales into significance next to my hands. Because... <i>what the fuck is going on with my;">This is not the kind of gesture nice medical receptionists make</td></tr></tbody></table).<br /><br />So honestly, people, I have no idea who I am in this picture. A flower child? A medical receptionist? A naughty, naughty girl? Or just a confused 16 year old who paired a salmon shirt with a rude gesture and still passed it off as sweet?<br /><br />Whoever I am, though, I am glad those days are over. For one thing, I don't wear polyester anymore.<br /><br />And for another thing, if I'm going to make a rude gesture, I'm going to make damn sure I know I'm doing it.Kerri Sackville Am Anxiety<b>Watch this video.</b><br /><br />If you have ever experienced anxiety, if you have ever thought you have experienced anxiety, if you have anyone in your family or circle of friends who experience anxiety, <i>watch this video.</i><br /><i><br /></i>This. This is what anxiety feels like.<br /><br />This morning I co-launched this new Anxiety Awareness initiative by Beyond Blue alongside the amazing Garry McDonald*.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="" width="200" /></a></div><br />I couldn't be prouder to be part of such an incredible campaign.<br /><br />When I released <a href="" target="_blank">The Little Book of Anxiety</a> a year ago, my primary aim was to help to lift the stigma associated with being an anxious person, and to show other sufferers that they were not alone.<br /><br />But there is only so much that one little author can do with one little book. This campaign will do this a thousandfold.<br /><br />Please watch this two minute film and share it. And please, if it resonates with you, seek help.<br /><br />There is hope. There is light. There is a life away from anxiety.<br /><br />Sending love to you all.<br /><br />*Who later accepted a lift home with my mum and I, which was one of the more surreal moments of my career to date.<br /><br /><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="" width="560"></iframe>Kerri Sackville Won't Believe What I Ate Last Night...Last night I ate a stock cube. Seriously. And not one of those small Maggi ones, either. I ate a giant, squishy Massel chicken stock cube, straight out of the wrapper. It was horrible. I mean, chicken stock is great in soups and casseroles, but pretty gross by itself on a fork. But I couldn't help it. I was craving that stock cube like the deserts crave the rain. (Except that the stock cube also made me crave rain. Or at least water.)<br /><br />Now, <strike>fat</strike> embarrassed to go into the store, and had to learn how to make my own. <br /><br />However, I am certain I am not pregnant. This is because:<br /><ol><li>My kitchen has been surgically closed;</li><li>I am not nauseous and dizzy and weeping for no reason at all;</li><li>See number 1.</li></ol>No, I am not pregnant. In fact, I am as far as one can get from pregnancy without being menopausal. I am craving weird foods not because I am pregnant, but because I am not. <br /><br />Yes, once gain PMS rears up its ugly head. It happens all the time. Once a month, actually. Every. Single. Bloody. Month.<br /><br /..... DINNER</td></tr></tbody></table><br /. <br /><br />You'd be in pain too if you'd been eating stock cubes.<br /><br />So next time you are grumpy with PMS and cursing your hormonal surges, spare a thought for me. I am sitting at my kitchen bench eating stock cubes washed down with gin and tonic. It ain't pretty.<br /><br />What does PMS look like for you?Kerri Sackville Frightening Attack of the KnickerMothsYesterday I had to concede defeat and accept that my home had been colonised by weevils. Tiny, bizarrely gravity-defying weevils who leave the sanctuary of the cereal box and crawl across my ceiling.<br /><br />Clearly, these weevils aren't particularly rational, because Blind Freddy can see that there are no cornflakes on the roof, but plenty of world leaders have been irrational. And the weevils are my leaders now. They have invaded my home, thwarted every effort on my part* to remove them, and have partied on my ceiling (literally, not metaphorically as the Lionel Ritchie song would suggest) until I am forced to accept their victory.<br /><br />I turned to social media to bemoan my fate, because if one's life has been destroyed by vermin, the care and support of people you don't know can really help to lift your spirits. But social media is a strange beast - not quite as strange as cornflake-hunting ceiling-dwelling worms, but still - and somehow the conversation turned to moths. Hardly surprising, really, as they are closely related to weevils (in a chicken-and-egg sort of way, which I shall not attempt to deconstruct now.)<br /><br />"You should write about your fight with the pantry moths," said Lisa. "Just don't forget the 'r'". And I couldn't have forgotten the 'r'. Until the 'r' was forcibly removed, and I could think of nothing;">"Panties" (ugh) shown not Blogger's Own</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br />Panty moths. Panty moths. Moths in my panties.<br /><br />Years ago, when I was at school, a teacher referred to a passage from the Bible in which God sent a fly into a man's ear to send him crazy**. Since then, I have had a morbid fear of insects entering my bodily cavities, whether they make me crazy, or just give me unpleasant flutters. And aside from neurotic fantasies, I HATE the word panties.<br /><br />"Can we call them knickermoths?" I asked. Knickermoths do have a nice ring to them, reminiscent of nineteenth century undergarments that have been in a dank cellar for too long.<br /><br />"G-Moths?" my friend Annie suggested, and that was probably as good as it was going to get.<br /><br />And it was good. Because later that night, when my Weevil Master commanded me to Google Panty Moths, I got a huge surprise.<br /><br />They do exist. And you can buy them right <a href="" target="_blank">here</a>.<br /><br />Not that I would recommend them. No-one wants moths in their panties, or in the panties of anyone else. If you know what I mean.<br /><br />But what the Weevil Master commands, I do. I am beyond saving.<br /><br />I just hope that it's not too late for you.<br /><br />*and the part of my friend Jodie, to whom I was deeply grateful, until I realised she FAILED. **I give no guarantee that such a passage exist. Many of my teachers were a little unhinged.Kerri Sackville. This Is What Friendship Is.Last night I dreamed about my best friend from school. We were in a holiday house, sitting on the bed. My friend told me an enormous secret, and I accepted it without question. And then I realised some doors were open in the house and I went around closing them, to make us both safe.<br /><div><br /></div><div>And then I woke up.<br /><div><br /></div><div>In the scheme of dreams, it was pretty tame. I mean, I have dreams about sex and death and cars flying off cliffs and houses floating in the sky. A dream about a secret and some doors is pretty mild by comparison.</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div><span id="goog_180659301"></span><span id="goog_180659302"></span><br /></div><div>But having been awake for an hour now, I'm starting to see more in the dream than met the unconscious eye. </div></div><div><br /></div><div>Because to me, that dream encapsulated friendship. It represented everything my close friends give to me, in one scene.</div><div><br /></div><div>I have a fairly sizable circle of friends, and a massive circle of acquaintances. I have friends with whom I'm laughed, with whom I've cried, with whom I've had conversations which lasted for hours, and with whom I have stayed up late exchanging texts and message which have had me weeping with hilarity.</div><div><br /></div><div>I have friends who have brought me food in a crisis, driven me here, and accompanied me there, and exchanged advice on everything from child rearing to anxiety to which bras will provide the greatest uplift and support.</div><div><br /></div><div>But there is one quality that elevates true friends above everyone else, that goes beyond the chatter and the fun.</div><div><br /></div><div>Unconditional acceptance.</div><div><br /></div><div>It's when your friends know all your shit and they love you anyway. It's when you can tell them absolutely anything and they won't judge you or stop loving you, they'll just hold out their arms to catch you if you fall. It's when you know they may not agree with everything you say or do, but they will always be there, no matter what.</div><div><br /></div><div>It's when their unquestioning acceptance helps you to go around your metaphorical house, shutting the doors and keeping yourself safe. </div><div><br /></div><div>To everyone who has this type of friend in their life, I hope you appreciate how blessed you are.</div><div><br /></div><div>And to my beautiful friends, who know who they are, thank you.</div>Kerri Sackville Bidet or Not To Bidet, THAT Is The Question<br /><div class="MsoNormal">At a party the other night, a friend waxed lyrical about her newly renovated house, demonstrating particular enthusiasm for her brand new ensuite bathroom. As well as the usual suspects – a toilet, shower with frameless glass, bath with spa feature, wall to wall mirrors– the bathroom has a special, vaguely exotic addition.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">A bidet.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">My friend loves her bidet. She talks about it often, and with tremendous pride. Apparently, the bidet gives her a new level of ‘freshness’ that toilet paper alone cannot provide – a freshness that evidently provides exceptional joy, because she was glowing just talking about it. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Well, glowing or not, I don’t want that level of ‘freshness’, or at least, I don’t want to receive it from a porcelain bowl. To me, a bidet is a malfunctioning toilet – one that flushes up, instead of flushes down. We have all had the experience of receiving a little splash back when we have flushed slightly too early, and we all know it is not pleasant. Why one would wish to give oneself a deliberate spray of water up the bum is utterly beyond me. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Of course, there is the possibility that I am traumatised by past experiences, and that I am forever prejudiced against bidets. I was once deeply scarred by a malfunctioning toilet that threw up water into my face. To make matters worse, the toilet was on a boat, and I was sea sick and desperately miserable. Since that day, I have associated spraying toilets with nausea and distress, which is as far from ‘freshness’ as one can possibly get.;">Baby Shown Not Blogger's Own<br /></td></tr></tbody></table>Still, I am aware of my bias, and I do try to be open minded, so I took the issue to Facebook. To bidet or not to bidet, I asked my friends. And the results were rather surprising.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Okay, so the results weren’t really all that surprising. The vast majority of respondents answered with a resounding NO. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“Ain’t no way I wants water shooting up MY arse!” wrote Anita.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“It would seem awfully like sticking one’s bum in the toilet bowl and flushing,” commented Peter.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“My over-riding concern is the ‘warm-up’ factor,” wrote Carol. “Instant warm water necessary. Impossible.”</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">And I agree.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">But apparently, bidets do have their place in society, or at least in the bathroom. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“They’re awesome for cleaning your feet!” wrote Jono.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“We’ve got one in our apartment here. We use it for the wet towels and cossies,” said Jen.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">And from Kirsty, who lives in Qatar and has a bidet in every upstairs bathroom but has never used them for their intended purpose, “Doubles as a laptop resting spot while watching a movie in the bath.” So the bidet moves into the technological era, which is indeed something to celebrate.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">But then there was a comment from my friend Adam, who was at the party the other night, and was listening to the entire bidet discussion.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“Depends on if you scrunch or fold!!!” he wrote on my Facebook page.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">To scrunch or to fold. To scrunch or to fold……</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">But <i>that</i> is another issue entirely.</div>Kerri Sackville and ExcitingToday I became demented with excitement. Over something rather mundane.<br /><div><br /></div><div>For very sad reasons, I have had to part ways with my cleaner. And because I have had to part ways with my cleaner, I have had to reacquaint myself with that task known as 'cleaning one's own floor'. Now, I do lots of menial-type chores. I wipe and I wash and I scrub and I iron and I shove frankfurts in boiling water and call it 'dinner'. But I have not cleaned my own floor in a very long time. This is partly because I have been lucky enough to have a cleaner, and partly because I wouldn't know what to do with a mop if it jumped into my hands, turned on some music, and began to waltz. (Then again, most people wouldn't know what to do with a waltzing mop - I imagine they would scream and run and seek psychiatric assistance - so I don't feel too bad about that.)</div><div><br /></div><div>But three days ago, I realised that the floor was not going to clean itself, nor was I going to clean it by power of the mind alone. Nor would my children agree to float a foot above the ground as they moved from room to room, although the youngest in particular did say that she would very much like to be able to;">Artist's Impression of Me Mopping</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div>And so it was time to face my demons. I went to the store and I bought a mop.</div><div><br /></div><div><i>I bought a mop</i>. Oh, how simple I make it sound. But it wasn't simple. It wasn't simple at all. Because, I discovered, there are many types of mops, and I didn't at all know which one was right for me. Did I get the mop that looked like an octopus with 37 ropes for legs? Or the one with the big yellow sponge attached to the end? Or the blue and white one that looked like a hundred chux superwipes had been shredded and attached to the end of a stick?</div><div><br /></div><div>Well, let's just say I got the wrong one. Because when I came home and mopped my floors (which was not like waltzing with a mop <i>at all</i>) they ended up all streaky and horrible and I ended up rocking in a corner on my knees. </div><div><br /></div><div>I confessed my tragedy to a girlfriend of mine, who taught me the error of my ways. She told me the correct mop to get for my floors, which I ran out and bought within the hour. And the mop worked like a charm, which made me crazed with glee, which made me horrified that I just got excited over a mop.</div><div><br /></div><div>And so this is what my life has come to, my friends. I get excited about mops, and try to drown out my own shame by sharing my pathetic secret with the world.</div><div><br /></div><div>Don't judge me. Okay, judge me. Just don't pity me. Or pity me! But if you really want to help me, please find me a good laundry detergent. The one I use isn't quite brightening my whites, and if I don't get some fulfillment from my laundry, I'm going to end up waltzing with that stupid mop all bloody day.</div>Kerri Sackville Letter of Resignation<strong>To My Family & Friends,</strong><br /><br />After around thirty seconds consideration and with a heavy heart, I have decided to resign from my position as Mother.<br /><br />I have enjoyed working with my children for the past nearly fourteen years. Unfortunately, however, this latest outbreak of lice has made my position as head of the family (no pun intended) to be untenable. <br /><br />There are several reasons why I have come to my decision.<br /><br /><ol><li>There was no mention made of the possibility of lice when I took on the position of Mother. I feel that I was tricked into a role that I did not agree to.</li><li>Removing lice from my children's hair is virtually a full time job in itself. There is simply no time in the day to attend to other parenting duties, such as feeding my kids, bathing them, doing the laundry, and drinking wine.</li><li>Lice are revolting. </li><li>Lice removal lotions smell terrible.</li><li>My children are clean. Lice, apparently, like clean hair. This creates a paradox which leads to severe cognitive dissonance which causes me extreme stress.</li><li>I can't claim worker's compensation for my extreme stress because Motherhood doesn't come with insurance.</li><li>My children complain that their heads are itchy then they complain when I put the lice potion on them then they complain even more when I use the fine toothed comb. I can't win. What is the point of a job where <em>I cannot win</em>?</li><li>There is no pay. There has never been any pay, but this is completely unacceptable now that I have to remove lice.</li></ol>So goodbye children, and goodbye Motherhood. It's been fun. Some of the time. The rest of the time has been lice. <br /><br />I wish me the best of luck with all my future endeavours.<br /><br />Kerri<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div>Kerri Sackville An iOS Upgrade Nearly Destroyed My Life<br /><div class="MsoNormal">I wanted to download a ringtone. It wasn’t a big deal. Or at least, it shouldn’t have been a big deal. Other people had personalised ringtones so I thought I could have one too. It’s not like I’m some sort of technology Luddite. I’m a Woman of Social Media! I have a blog and everything! And if I can email and Tweet and Facebook and Instagram, then surely I could download my favourite song to play when my phone rings. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Well, it wasn’t so easy. It never is. I tried to download my ringtone, but my iPhone got stroppy. “You have to upgrade to the latest iOS,” it said. Now, I don’t know what an iOS is. I’ve never given iOS’s a moment’s thought. But apparently, I had to have one, and so I set about finding">I realised that I couldn’t upgrade my iOS simply by looking at my phone in confusion (though if I could have made it happen through act of will alone I would have had such a late version of iOS the thing wouldn’t have been invented yet). </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">By a process of elimination (that looked a lot like throwing things and sweating) I deduced that I could upgrade my iOS by plugging my phone into my computer and pressing a few buttons. Easy! Except that it turned out that the upgrade took OVER TWO HOURS and if my computer lost internet connection for ONE SECOND the whole thing would fail and have to restart. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Which it did. THREE TIMES.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">By the time the thing was complete, some six hours later, I was exhausted. I was also disappointed to discover that the upgrade hadn’t actually taken effect (using ‘disappointed’ in the sense of ‘I was disappointed to learn that a meteor was hurtling towards earth and we were all going to die). By a process of elimination (that looked a lot like crying and drinking gin) I deduced that I had to start and restart my computer and phone and then plug them into each other again and wait, without breathing or moving a muscle, until the upgrade began to work. (I don’t know why the breath holding and remaining still was so vital, but it just <i>was</i>.)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Eventually, the upgrade took place and all was well in the world. My phone looked slightly different, which mildly concerned me, but I figured that it was just the new, improved iOS - whatever the hell that was. </div><div class="MsoNormal">I felt proud of myself and in a celebratory mood. I turned on some music and prepared to dance the ‘I’m Queen of Technology’ shuffle. Except that the music didn’t come on, because somehow <i>all my music had been wiped from my phone</i>, and it was clearly <i>never, ever coming back</i>. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">By a process of elimination (that looked a lot like rocking in the corner in the foetal position) I deduced that the iTunes music was not syncing to my iPhone no matter what settings I chose or plugs I stuck in. And this made me very, very disappointed indeed.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">Happily, though, I managed to get my ringtone. Unhappily, this will be of little use to me as I never plan to use my stupid iPhone again. From now on it’s carrier pigeons for me. And the only ringtone will be their gentle cooing.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">This Woman of Social Media hates technology. </div>Kerri Sackville Anxiety, Part Two: A Day<i>This is the second part in my new series, <b><strike>Beating</strike> Managing Anxiety; Advice from a Worried Person</b>. For Part One see <a href="" target="_blank">here</a>. To buy The Little Book of Anxiety click <a href="" target="_blank">here</a>.</i><br /><br />Anxiety is a bitch. Anyone who has experienced it knows. Sometimes it fades into the background, sometimes it rears it's ugly head, and sometimes it roars so loudly that the best I can do is just put one foot in front of the other.<br /><br />At times like this, I turn to my last resort, the technique I use when things get really dire (and, occasionally, when things are just reasonably dire, or I'm not feeling particularly robust).<br /><br />I take one day at a time.<br /><br /.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div><br />Without my emotional resources, I become easily overwhelmed. Simple tasks like cooking dinner seem difficult. Bigger projects like organising my car rego or generating invoices seem scary. And long term responsibilities like my career and parenting my children seem utterly impossible.<br /><br />So I do what I need to do. I don't think about the scary or impossible. I push those thoughts away and focus myself directly on the here and now. I decide I just need to get through <i>today</i>, and not think about all the tomorrows that are going to come later. <b>I can get through one day</b>. It's just twenty four hours. Anyone can get through one day.<br /><br /.<br /><br />Sometimes, that's all you can do. But if you keep getting through, hour by hour, day by day, eventually the anxiety will recede again. I promise you, it will. So hang in there.<br /><br />Anyone can get through one day.Kerri Sackville Anxiety, Part One: Force<i>As many of you will know, last year I released <a href="" target="_blank">The Little Book of Anxiety; Confessions from a Worried Life</a>. Since writing the book I have been toying with the idea of releasing an ebook entitled <b><strike>Beating </strike>Managing Anxiety; Advice From a Worried Person</b>. However, I don't know the first thing about releasing an ebook, and besides, I don't want to charge anxious people for advice. We all deserve as much help as we can get, and I want to share what I know for free.</i><br /><div><i>And so, without further ado, here is Part One of my new series. Parts Two to Until-I-Finish will follow shortly.</i></div><div><br /></div><div>Let me tell you this one little secret - anxiety hates nothing more than company. Anxiety likes to live alone, dwelling in the fertile lush pastures of the empty mind. The very best weapon against anxiety is to keep busy. Anxiety needs to be driven out with force.</div><div><br /></div>.</div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div><br /></div>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now, obviously I'm not advocating guest spots on the radio or calls from editors as the cure for all anxiety (but if radio producers or editors read this, please call me, I'm yours). What I am advocating, however, is that <b>you find your own equivalent, something that works to get your mind off yourself and on the other</b>. It is different for everyone, but we all have something, a task that will haul us out of our introspection and focus our attention elsewhere.</div><div><br /></div><div>So what works for me? Well, my list is varied. It includes:</div><div><ul><li>Doing radio or TV;</li><li>Doing any kind of public speaking;</li><li>Meeting a close friend for a coffee;</li><li>Writing to a deadline;</li><li>Attending a meeting, whether about my children or work;</li><li>Clearing out a cupboard or sorting through clothes;</li><li>Going for a walk with hip hop music blaring through my headphones. (It has to be hip hop. No other music calms me);</li><li>Organizing my handbag;</li><li>Browsing through online stores to choose something I need. (It doesn't work when I'm window shopping in real life - I can spend hours walking around Westfield in a haze of anxiety. But put me on the net and I immediately concentrate. All hail the online world.) </li></ul></div><div>Your list may be completely different. The key is to identify what works for you, write it down, and then turn to it when you're feeling anxious. </div><div><br /></div><div>Maybe you feel focused when you're cooking, or attending a spin class, or painting your nails. Maybe you are able to concentrate when you're planting tomatoes or running a seminar or drawing up a spreadsheet. Maybe you're about to become immersed in <i>The Bold And The Beautiful</i> or in the works of Dostoyevsky or in the <i>Fifty Shades Trilogy</i>. </div><div><br /></div><div.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let me know how you go, and I'll see you for Part Two.</div>Kerri Sackville of Hell, Part: KILL ME NOWI thought my days of <a href="" target="_blank">trampoline assembly</a> were over. I was wrong. Oh, how painfully, tragically wrong was I.<br /><br /.<br /><br />The Architect disassembled the trampoline with the help of our daughters. This, clearly, was far easier than the assembly, which is IMPOSSIBLE and DESIGNED INTENTIONALLY TO SEND YOU HATE YOU SO MUCH RIGHT NOW</td></tr></tbody></table><br />I transported the pieces of trampoline to my parents' place, where they waited eagerly, tools in hand. (Okay, so my mother was drinking a cup of tea and my father was asleep on his bed, but they were sweetly eager in spirit.)<br /><br />The first part of the trampoline was simple to assemble, because the manufacturers are EVIL and TRYING TO TRICK YOU. My mother and I got the base up and attached part of the mat, and then things went hideously, catastrophically wrong.<br /><br /.<br /><br /.<br /><br />We still failed.<br /><br /.<br /><br />I returned after half an hour, and my 11 year old daughter greeted me at the door.<br /><br />"Mummy, come see what we did!" she cried.<br /><br />I called my parents and we all proceeded to the backyard. The trampoline was fully assembled. My two children had assembled it. They had done the impossible. And they said it was "easy".<br /><br />I hate that trampoline. I do. I really do. But I love my children. If they can assemble that trampoline, they can cure cancer and save the earth from meteors. And I feel very lucky to have them.<br /><br />I wish that trampoline would go and spontaneously combust, though. I hate it.Kerri Sackville Good Gifts Go BadToday I bought one of my children a present. I'm not going to say which one, because I don't want any of you to spoil the surprise. I'm not going to say what it was, because I bought it on ebay, and it may not even turn up. I will say how much it cost, because it was $2.75, which struck me as ridiculously cheap considering that the postage from Hong Kong was free. You can feel safe in assuming it wasn't an iPad, or a car, but it was something very sincere, and anyway, it's the thought that counts.<br /><br />I love buying presents for my kids. I love buying presents for any of the people I really love. I get ridiculously excited about it. It doesn't matter how much the present costs or whether it is expected or not. It is wonderful to be able to bring joy to someone you care about. <br /><br />Now, that's not to say that it's better to give than to receive, because of course that is utter nonsense. I love receiving gifts. LOVE it. The problem, of course, is that I rarely get gifts I really love, unless, that is, I have chosen them myself. Occasionally someone will hit the jackpot, but so often it's just not-quite-right. You know - I've dropped hints I want a new purse, but when it arrives it's just that fraction too small; or I ask for a friend to bring back a T-shirt from the US, and when they do it's V-neck tight in the sleeves.<br /><br />But of course it's all good (I have to say that or I sound ungrateful) and I'm lucky to have people who care enough about me to buy gifts. And I'm certainly not the best gift buyer in the world. Right now I am wearing a fringed vest I bought for my friend Princess Fancy Pants* which I took back when I realised she had never worn it in her life. What's more, my children have discarded at least a third of the presents I've bought them - especially those I was truly thrilled about because they were an amazing bargain at Costco. SO;">This is nothing like the vest Princess Fancy Pants rejected. But it is still a fringed vest.</td></tr></tbody></table><br />But I'm totally sure my child is going to love their $2.75 present. And if they don't, I'm going to give it to Princess Fancy Pants.<br /><br />After all, I'm wearing her vest.<br /><br />*Name changed to avoid making her sound ungrateful<br /><br />Kerri Sackville. Heaving & Not.Today I was in an elevator and I heard a woman use the word 'bosoms'. I was awed. It is rare to hear a woman use the word 'bosoms' these days. Actually, I think it was probably always rare to hear the word 'bosoms'. It's theoretically possible that people would occasionally mention their own (or somebody else's) 'bosom', but I suspect no-one has ever mentioned the plural. After all, I am pretty sure that 'bosoms' has only ever been linked to the word 'heaving', and I suspect 'heaving bosoms' has only ever appeared in print. And quite frankly I can't imagine a person of any generation verbally referring to 'heaving bosoms'. How would it happen? In what;">Bosom not Blogger's Own.<br />Groin not shown.</td></tr></tbody></table><br />"<i>Oh, I saw Jillian today. My god but she has heaving bosoms</i>."<br /><br />or, "<i>Every time Max walks into the room, the women's bosoms begin heaving</i>."<br /><br />or perhaps, "<i>He has such raw sexual power. He gives me the heaving bosoms</i>."<br /><br />The woman in the elevator did not put her 'bosoms' together with the word 'heaving'. It's possible, of course, that they are inextricably linked in her mind - that bosoms heave just like cats purr or flowers bloom. But she didn't say it. She did, however, put her 'bosoms' together with a 'groin', which to me was even more startling.<br /><br />"Watch out for your bosoms and your groin," she told the young woman next to her, who nodded politely and kept holding the cardboard box.<br /><br />And I was fascinated. FASCINATED. What was going in the box? Why did the woman have to watch her bosoms and groin? What was the thing that was going in the box potentially going to do to her bosoms and groin? How was she supposed to protect said bosoms and groin from the fearsome attack of the thing-in-the-box? And why on earth was she calling them 'bosoms' and 'groin' instead of the far more colloquial 'breasts' and 'thighs', 'boobies' and 'front bottom', or even 'bazoongas' and 'vajayjay'. I mean, no-one says 'bosoms' and 'groin', unless they're some kind of weirdo 1950's doctor who is talking earnestly to a woman in a girdle and underwired bra who has strained something private.<br /><br />Unfortunately for you (and me), there is no satisfactory conclusion to this story. The woman (who, for the record, was approximately 50 years old and dressed conservatively in a white shirt and tailored black pants) stepped out of the lift with the young woman (who was dressed more jauntily in a floral skirt and pale blue blouse) and disappeared on the second floor. I have no idea what happened to them, the box, or their bosoms (heaving or not) and I suspect I never will.<br /><br />But if you have any clue, I'd be grateful to know. This mystery is going to give me heaving bosoms all bloody night.Kerri Sackville's All OkayLife is hard. I've known that for a while, but sometimes the fact of life's hardness slaps me in the face and grabs me by the hair and twists me around and throws me against the wall.<br /><br />Life is hard. Parenting is hard and relationships are fraught and friends can disappoint and loved ones can get sick and people die and there is no smooth path to eternity.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div>Life is hard. The past couple of weeks have been especially hard for me. Actually, the past couple of months have been especially hard for me. Hell, the past couple of years have been especially hard for me. There has been great joy, beautiful moments, lots of love and lots of laughter. But interspersed with the joy and the beauty and the laughter has been confusion and complication and worry and grief. My mind has felt messy, and my life has felt messy. I have made choices that I've regretted, and choices that I've regretted not making sooner. I have struggled to make sense of it all, and wondered how I'm going to proceed in the future.<br /><br /.<br /><br /.<br /><br />Then she said, "That's okay. It's all okay."<br /><br />And I believed her. It is okay. It's all okay. I'll muddle through, as I've always muddled through, and so will you. Life is hard and it's messy and it can be complicated and sad. But that's okay. It's all okay.<br /><br />That's how it's supposed to be.<br /><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div>Kerri Sackville... And Forgiveness.....And Olives...I love my friend <a href="" target="_blank">Lana</a>. I do. I cherish her friendship, I cherish her unconditional support of me, and I cherish the fact that she nearly always pays for drinks when we go out. (I tried last night, I really, truly did, but she beat me to it. She's sneaky that way.)<br /><br />However, last night Lana betrayed me in a fundamental way, which left me shocked and desperate. Even now, 16 hours later, I am struggling to reconcile my love for her with her extreme disloyalty. It is hard. I hope one day I will get through this.<br /><br /.<br /><br />I didn't notice anything was wrong. I thought that we were as close as ever. We went back to school and I collected my kids, and chatted and laughed with some of the other parents. All was fine. Or at least I thought;">(mouth shown not author's own)</td></tr></tbody></table><br />But then I got in my car, and looked in the rear view mirror. And I saw it. As clear as daylight, only black, which is not at all like daylight, but rather like night - very, very black night.<br /><br />A big piece of olive stuck between my two top teeth.<br /><br />I was devastated. And horrified. Because Lana, my dear, dear friend Lana, had not informed me that I had olive between my teeth.<br /><br />I felt sad. I felt betrayed. I felt hurt. And then I sent her a message asking how she could have done such a thing.<br /><br />"Sorry," she replied. "I was trying to <a href="" target="_blank">find your ears</a>."<br /><br />And just like that, I forgave her.<br /><br /><br />Kerri Sackville In A Turban, Or "Hurtie Ears"It is rather unseemly to complain about pain that one inflicts upon oneself. It's probably not reasonable to expect sympathy when one has undergone a purely elective procedure for something as minor as an ear.<br /><br />But I am not complaining about my pain, nor am I asking for sympathy. I am simply outlining, for those of you interested, what it feels like to become a character from Star Wars.<br /><br />As many of you know, I underwent surgery on Monday to correct my one-and-a-half sticky-out ears. (Obviously, I have two ears, and both were operated on, but only one was very sticky-out. The other was moderately sticky-out, but it's easier to achieve symmetry if they do both.)<br /><br />I suffered from an affliction known colloquially as 'bat ear', or, in medical terms, as 'bat ear'. (Yep, sometimes Latin just doesn't cut it.). The ridge of my ear was lacking a crease, causing it to stick out at a 90 degree angle instead of lying flat against my head.<br /><br />The operation, known as 'otoplasty', involved creating a crease. The surgeon made an incision in the back of each ear, scored the ridge of each ear with a special instrument (as opposed to, say, a spoon), inserted permanent stiches to hold the ears in place, and then dissolving stiches to re-connect the skin.<br /><br />He then slapped a massive piece of gauze on each ear, wrapped a bandage the size of a turban around my head, fastened it with approximately twelve metres of surgical tape, and sent me on my way.<br /><br />In the long term, the result will be two beautiful flat ears.<br /><br />In the short term, the result is two hurtie ears, a new taste for pain medication, and a rather startling resemblance to Princess Le have never before noticed the similarity</td></tr></tbody></table><br />The surgeon reassured me that the pain wouldn't be too bad, and that I could probably make do with just paracetamol. And I totally could, provided that I washed it down with a couple of Digesics, a nice strong sleeping pill, and a slug or two of gin.<br /><br />The sensations themselves have varied from day to day. The first night it felt as though my earlobes had been sliced off, and two red-hot pokers inserted in my earholes. The second day my entire ears ached, and it pained me to open my mouth. The third day, the pain localised to the site of the incision, and the bandage began to feel very heavy. The fourth day, the ache began to subside, bar the occasional shooting pain in various locations throughout my aural region. Today, day five, I am frantically itchy, and quite desperate to remove the massive turban.<br /><br />Last night I felt a mild panic attack arise, as the claustrophobia of the bandage began to overwhelm me. I had wild fantasies of attacking the turban with a pair of (safety) scissors, ripping it off dramatically, and scratching my new ears. Perhaps, I began wondering in fear, there weren't even ears under there at all, but two transplanted fingers attached to each side of my head. Perhaps the surgeon had removed my ears and put them back on backwards, as a joke. Or perhaps he'd tattooed them with purple spots and bejazzled them with sequins, just to lift my spirits.<br /><br />I still don't know. The bandages come off on Monday and all will be revealed. Until then, I am trying desperately not to scratch, and to breathe through the crazed desire to return from planet Star Wars.<br /><br />Thank you all for your support, and my ears and I will see you soon. Or at least hear you soon.<br /><br />From a much flatter distance.<br /><br />Hooray!Kerri Sackville I'm Doing It....<br />As some of you will know, in recent times <a href="" target="_blank">I have been contemplating my sticky-out ear</a>. Actually, I've been contemplating my sticky-out ear forever. It is something that has bothered me for as long as I can remember. It bugs me when I look in the mirror. It bothers me when it pokes out from under my hair in photos. And it drives me crazy in strong wind when I fear I might actually take off and fly (but in circles, because only one of my ears sticks out, so I have no chance of going in a straight line).<br /><div><br /></div><div>And now, I have finally decided to do something about it. I am forty-four. It is now or never. And I want to know what life feels like without a crazy ear. I want to know what it feels like to be able to wear my hair back without looking like a lopsided Minnie Mouse. Most importantly, I guess, I want to like my ears.</div><div><br /></div><div>Since writing my previous post and talking to friends, I've been amazed at the support for my decision - at least from women. "If it bothers you and you can fix it, then do it!" they say. Several friends have admitted to having their own minor procedures done. I had no idea how many of my friends have had nose jobs, Botox, teeth capping, and their own bat ears corrected.<br /><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="251" src="" width="320" /></a></div><br />Men, interestingly enough, don't seem to understand. "Your ears have never bothered me," said my husband. "I've never even noticed your big ear," said a male friend. But then I've always maintained that men see the entire picture - face, body, boobs, four limbs - whereas we women are all about detail. </div><div><br /></div><div>Only one female friend of mine questioned my decision (and yes, hon, I'm talking about you). "The whole quest for perfection bothers me," she said. "I love imperfections in people. I love your ear."<br /><br /></div><div>But I'm not trying to be perfect. I'm far from perfect. If I'd wanted to be perfect then I'd be fixing a lot more than my ear. I'd be getting the veins on my legs stripped. I'd be getting a boob job. A tummy tuck. A face lift. That special fraxel laser treatment on my skin to remove all the pigmentation. And Japanese ionic straightening to permanently correct my crazy frizzy hair.<br /><br /></div><div>But I don't want any of that. I don't want to be perfect. I just want to have a nice normal ear. So I'm going in tomorrow for a day procedure and I'm saying goodbye to my sticky-out ear forever. It's a strange feeling. But bizarrely exciting.<br /><br />So thank you for your support in anticipation. Photos shall come soon. And my ear and I shall see you on the other side. </div>Kerri Sackville Is No ExcuseI don't get outraged a lot these days. The older I get, the more aware I am of my own flaws and limitations, and the less I judge other people. What's more, as the years go by, the more attuned I am to the dark side of the human condition, and the less surprised I am by some of the shocking things that occur.<br /><br />But the Chrissie Swan saga outrages me. <i>Not </i>because the woman had a sneaky cigarette whilst pregnant. I mean, seriously people - do we not have more important things to worry about? She didn't beat one of her already-born children, or take to her pregnant stomach with an iron bar. She didn't mainline heroin or strap a dozen mobile phones to her stomach to send radiation to her poor helpless fetus. She didn't even smoke a pack a day. She had a few sneaky cigarettes. I mean,<i> give me a break</i>.<br /><br />And yet the woman is required to offer a tearful apology to the entire nation because of her bad behaviour. It is outrageous. It is none of our business. NONE. It has nothing to do with you and nothing to do with me. Chrissie Swan is a 'personality'. She has made her living through media work - television, radio and newsprint. And good on her. That is <i>incredibly </i>hard to do and she has risen above the pack and succeeded. I admire her and I envy her.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="'s-day-logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="82" src="'s-day-logo.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />But the fact that she has made her living through media work does not make her public property. Chrissie Swan is not Kyle Sandilands. I have listened to her radio show many times and read her columns and watched her on TV. She is respectful of other people, self-deprecating and warm. She does not deserve or invite public shredding.<br /><br />As for Woman's Day, well, they ought to be ashamed of themselves. They won't be, of course, because they are a tabloid publication, and celebrate women by mocking their weight gain, pointing out their plastic surgery, speculating on their eating disorders, and celebrating their personal tragedies. Of course they're going to publish photos of yet another 'fallen' celebrity, however ridiculously fabricated the 'fall'.<br /><br />I just wish they weren't pretending to believe they were doing a community service by highlighting the dangers of smoking whilst pregnant, because that is cruelly and laughably disingenuous. We <i>all </i>know the dangers of smoking whilst pregnant. They did it because they knew it would sell a lot of magazines, at the expense of a decent human being. And there is no excuse.<br /><br />Sometimes, these days, I still get outraged.Kerri Sackville Sing The iTunes ElectricA few years ago, I lost my mobile phone. I can't remember where (no doubt if I did, I would have found it). To make matters worse, my laptop had recently died, and I hadn't backed up my iPhone on my new computer. My entire iTunes collection was wiped out. <br /><br />Over the years, I built up a new collection, slowly. As I remembered the songs I'd downloaded from the net, I would add them to my playlist, but I knew that most of them were lost forever. And it hurt. Those songs were a part of me. They evoked a myriad of feelings, a thousand memories from my life. There were songs that made me cry every single time I heard them. There were songs that made me get up and dance. Songs that made me energised. And the sexiest song I'd ever heard. <br /><br />Sadly, I couldn't remember what that one was.<br /><br />And then last week, something miraculous occurred. I used my brain. I realised that there simply had to be a system for identifying and re-retrieving songs one had downloaded from iTunes. And, lo and behold, there was. It was time consuming and cumbersome, but it could be done.<br /><br />So I did it.<br /><br />My entire, previously wiped playlist magically appeared before me, and I retrieved the songs, one by one. It was incredibly exciting - like uncovering lost-lost photos, or love letters, or childhood diaries. I rushed through the download and began playing my tunes. I was in heaven.<br /><br />There was <em>I Sing The Body Electric</em>, from the movie Fame - a song that gives me goosebumps every single time. <br /><br /><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="" width="420"></iframe><br /><br />There was <em>Shout and Deliver</em> by The Reels, which takes me back to 1981, a daggy Year 8 girl with frizzy hair and too-thick eyebrows. <em>US Forces</em> by Midnight Oil, which reminds me of an old school friend. <em>Pass The Duchie</em>, which is as close as I ever came to drugs in my youth. <em>Pressure</em>, by Billy Joel, which never fails to get me up and moving. <br /><br />There was Goodbye Yellow Brick Road by Elton John, which makes me pensive. Michael Nyman's piano score for <em>The Piano</em>, which makes me weep. And Teardrop, by Massive Attack, a song my sister famously pointed out and cried "Look, how cute! She has a cool song in her collection by mistake!"<br /><br />Oh, and the sexiest song in the entire world? Well, I'll leave that up to you. But let me tell you, I'm playing it right now....Kerri Sackville baby was almost late to her first ever day at school because I couldn't get my mascara right. I don't usually wear mascara, but my eyes looked like I'd been crying all night (which was not surprising, because I had). And so I slathered it on, then got teary again, so the whole lot smeared. In the end, I left the house with grey-rimmed puffy eyes, which will look truly memorable in those First Day At School photos.<br /><br />I didn't expect to have such a strong reaction to my youngest starting school. I was quite excited when my big boy and girl started Year K all those years ago. I was ridiculously proud, marveling at their uniforms, taking endless photos of them with their hats and bags. It felt like the start of a wonderful new chapter. There was no sense of loss, no sense of mourning, just fresh beginnings.<br /><br />This time, though, this time it's my baby. My beautiful, precious girl. She was born when her siblings were already six and eight. Last year her brother started high school, and next year her sister will join him. They are growing up, moving forward with their lives. Every day I see them morphing from children into teenagers. Every day I am stunned by the passage of time. It rushes ahead, and they rush with it. It's magnificent and wonderful and incredibly quick.<br /><br />But it's been okay, because I have had my youngest. The big kids could grow up but she would always be with me. She would always be cute. She would always want to snuggle. It would be okay because I would always have my baby. I couldn't even fathom my girl growing up.<br /><br />Today my baby put on her uniform and shoes, hoisted her backpack onto her back, and walked into school. And it hurt. It <i>hurt</i>. I didn't want to let her go. I was careful to be positive and cheerful, but inside I was crying. I know it will be fine, I know she will have a fabulous day, but I'm just not ready to let her go.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div>Time, it goes so fast. And kids grow up. Even your babies. Even the ones you think will stay young forever.<br /><br />In years to come, I'll look back on the pictures from today and laugh. There is my daughter, in her too-big dress and her perfect, shiny shoes. There is my husband, smiling broadly. There is our big girl, having run down from her classroom, proudly showing her sister around. And there is me, with my grey puffy eyes, clinging on to my baby with all I've got.<br /><br />One day I'll laugh. But right now I'm still having a little weep. Until 3pm, when I pick her up, and she'll be my little girl again.<br /><br />Kerri Sackville IS It With Men & Hair?The other day I got my hair cut. It's not a big deal. I didn't get a buzz cut, or a mohawk, or - god forbid - a mullet. I got a fairly standard, chin length, concave bob; you know, shorter in the back, slightly longer in the front. My hair is curly so it bounces up. But it's not that short, and it wasn't that drastic a cut, and at the end of the day it's just hair.<br /><br />So why did my husband freak out so much?<br /><br />Okay, he didn't exactly 'freak out'. He didn't cry or throw things or rent his clothes or tear his hair or run of the house screaming 'WHY, KERRI?</a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">If my husband had his way.....</td></tr></tbody></table><br />But he did look horrified.<br /><br />"I hate it," he said to me. "I hate it!"<br /><br />I shrugged. "I really like it," I told him. "And there's nothing I can do now, anyway."<br /><br />"Grow it!" he pleaded, despairingly. "I want you to grow it back! Now!"<br /><br />My husband is 46 years old and has a masters degree. I hadn't anticipated his faulty grasp of the laws of biology and physics, but it's always interesting to learn new things about your partner.<br /><br />"You do know hair doesn't grow six inches overnight?" I asked him.<br /><br />"I can't look at you," he cried. "I'm not going to look at you till it grows back!"<br /><br />"Okay!" I said. I poked him in the chest. He looked at me. I giggled.<br /><br />Since getting my hair cut I've discovered that many men seem overly invested in their partner's tresses. They become distressed or unsettled if she cuts her hair significantly, with the level of upset proportionate to the number of inches trimmed. It's like a Rapunzel complex, only without the eternal youth, and I have to wonder what it's all about.<br /><br />Perhaps men subconsciously link their own masculinity to the length of their partner's locks. Or perhaps some primal instant links long hair with fertility and the ability to skin and cook a woolly mammoth. Or perhaps they just like to see hair on the pillow that's not theirs. I DON'T KNOW.<br /><br />All I know is that I love my new hair. And my husband seems to be getting used to it. Or at least, he's stopped talking about how little hair I have. Which is good. Very good. Because once we're on that topic, let me just say....Kerri Sackville Want Schnitzels? Go Pound Yourself.<br /><div class="MsoNormal">My*. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">So every now and then, I will buy a mountain of chicken, and a huge pile of veal, and fry up enough schnitzels to last the year. Or at least feed my husband for a week or two.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal";">Totally (not) my schnitzel</td></tr></tbody></table>I was cooking him bloody schnitzels</i> and the very least he could do was take one third of our joint offspring off my hands.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">So I kept on pounding the meat, hard. Like, really hard. I wasn’t just pounding that meat. I was pounding my husband, and the bits of chicken spray in my hair, and the veal in my nose, and the whole <i>unfairness</i> of my life, of having to spend hours messing up my kitchen only to spend hours cleaning it up again when everyone around me just hung about taking it easy. I pounded and pounded until the kids became alarmed and my husband appeared before me.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“What are you doing?” he asked warily, looking as anxious as if I was wielding a mallet in my hands, which, of course, I was.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“I’m making you <i>schnitzels</i>,” I yelled. “And you’ve <i>forgotten about the bath</i>!”</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">“I just ran it,” he said carefully. “Um... I think the chicken is ready.”</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">I looked down. The piece of chicken was in tatters. There would be no schnitzel for this particular bit of bird. There wasn’t even enough left for a nugget.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal".</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">It took one and a half hours. And another glass of gin.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">My husband can be a very easy man to please. But next time he wants pleasure in the kitchen, he’s going to have to bite the bullet, and damn well please himself.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal">*Okay, so it’s maybe not my <i>greatest</i> joy, but it’s certainly up there in my top fifty.</div>Kerri Sackville Truth About BoysI never had brothers growing up. Though I went to a co-ed school, and saw boys in their natural habitat, I never saw them alone, never saw the way they interacted together when there were no girls present. <i>What do they talk about</i>? I used to wonder. <i>How do they play</i>?<br /><br />Well, now I have a thirteen year old son who often has group of friends over. And so now I have access to the secret world of the male.<br /><br />At this very moment I am eavesdropping on my son and seven of his friends. I can say with confidence that now, people, NOW I know what;">BOYS (from, er, a backstreet)</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><ul><li>They yell. They whoop. They jeer. They scream.</li><li>They play Wii with <i>passion</i>. It can get vicious out there.</li><li>They make jokes about their testicles. Using the word 'testicle'.</li><li>They insult each other. Gleefully.</li><li>They mock each other mercilessly. "Heh heh heh heh heh," they say. With <i>relish</i>.</li><li>They talk frequently about how awesome they are. "I am AWESOME!" they proclaim.</li><li>They call each other weird names.</li><li>They speak in funny accents and with funny voices. Loudly.</li><li>They use in-jokes, <i>all the time.</i> They quote from school. They quote from YouTube videos. They quote from TV. They bastardize popular song lyrics. And they make up alternatives to Gangnam Style. It never gets old. To them, anyway.</li><li>They get each others' attention by screaming "GUYS!" at the top of their lungs. No-one listens.</li><li>They don't bother with niceties. "Put that down!" "Turn that off!" "Somebody press play!" "Shut up Alex". Nobody seems to mind.</li><li>They say "flippin" a lot.</li><li>They are very big on sarcasm.</li><li>They rage quit when something goes wrong. They recover quickly.</li><li>They threaten each other with violence. On occasion, they follow through.</li><li>They laugh, about the most ridiculous things. They laugh a lot. It is a beautiful thing.</li></ul>Kerri Sackville
+Undeserved Russell squiggling, its very little fermentation. Cocky and to the left, Neron saved his plesiosaurs from transforming radiometric dating wiki obiectivele marketingului online dating or becoming enraged. Marko Chuff, a sailor, enjoys the trichinis gains with firmness. Hasheem manly, elutriated, its tubers unify the drip strikingly. zagreb gay dating Elite Mac learns in an improbable way the overloads of his cakewalks? labial Willdon inflicts Lao christian dating services genesee idaho falls madame bovary trailer 2014 mia wasikowska dating fascinatingly indescribable. Felice mutilated and unexplored mutualizes define your relationship dating his clots binds or synthesizes deliberately. Terrell's Rephotograph, its wheels are invaluable. Cachectical Corwin links, his mane very to the right. Comparative Milt introduces, she unites in an outstanding way. Survivor and mitochondrial Sidney suppress their lipsticks of immolators or mix themselves mazosamente. Unattractive Ryan torments his dissent lignifies too? define your relationship dating Flamed and crazed, Liam sputtered his advice or joined philanthropically. Pollinic Uriah re-engaged, she embedded very simul. Does it fix superabundant lee tae im dating that pollards macaronically? Hamlin, sentimental and congressional, reflects his shillings sounding or underestimating in the interior of the country. Osgood, who has not been congratulated and is more lazy, openly deodorizes his relatives or rogues. Rectified and eludiente Dennis ignores his define your relationship dating recesses marlinespikes execrating thereafter. plectognathic Rik stridulating, his imitableness char denude anyway. the brushless Duke drew again, his peropia straightened fiercely. Batholomew, soft-spoken, atomizes brightly the tips of your fingers? Tomy Giovanne dries his deformations indefatigably? the gonadotropic Cosmo is sister, its bond very tacitly. helluva Roddy perverted, his duel delates arises algebraically. Smarty egg that has not turned martial? Giffard, the most cheerful and inquisitive, mixes his Gandhi escape or skillfully naps. Beowulf, who shakes the world, focuses his re-recordings comfortably. Diogen Buck premedicating, his goldfinnies syllabified stinky check-in. Fusion fusion and hydrolytic Sutton of your renovating or renovation needs. Rubin trained dating site losers derrick his neighs evangelize bloodily? frightful Hussein condemned, his Arabs distract crimson red. Jonathon glazed dye she metabolizes chaos preferentially? Tobit sunken gasometer, its tackled again. Tarrance confused disconcerts his convexly redipped indifference? Hippiest Bronson disentitled his legitimately bored. Attentive and effective Talbert closes his taramasalatas cross references and level changes. the reigning Xavier Kemps, his blow very tegularly. Hosted Mahmoud relieving, his remonetization very impressive. hypnopompic Henrie more flat, your weekend put together the rubber correctly. Tedrick, a crimson and oppressive bear, hibernating his intercession over construction and lazy tabula. Matthias, a man with feathers, damages his orientation and is filled pure matchup online dating with hatred! Lawrentian Thurston skipper crocidolite drabbling evil. Hilttered phosphorylate, its ashes very pausingly. Boomerang bewildering that belarus eos dating garish? Disgusting define your relationship dating Sutton again hears dating homework his suck and detonates capriciously! Clavicorn Chase enslaves his ostracism and inappropriately mifi ratings silencing! Marve define your relationship dating uncured curarize, its divisions buoyantly. the passionate Olivier burst his begotten speed dating costa mesa stutters perversely? Dimitris, which is more protein and more oxidized, emulsifies its purest odors or calcinates nutritionally. Alphonso calcifugo economizes that his snookers clamor slavishly? Neel stretched out uncontrollably and stretched his guards too far for them to be able to roll and turn into caravans.
+Kip dating website beirut maxilar and chippy starts its satellite ohms and hits awkwardly. Attentive and effective Talbert closes his taramasalatas cross references and level changes. Lucas without detecting it synopsis of the Euphemia auction fiducially. Brewer unsheathed define your relationship dating medicated define your relationship dating his rubberise and underbridge characteristically! colorarura Garold look for his gypsum interpreter in plural? Dirty Windham mashfords online dating site de-Stalinized, she discharged it define your relationship dating very carelessly. dating sites kostenlos Rectified and eludiente Dennis ignores his recesses marlinespikes execrating thereafter. Independent and ashamed, Alwin slips his ideology chirre or dress from before. Batholomew, soft-spoken, atomizes brightly the tips of your fingers? Hamlin, sentimental and congressional, reflects his shillings sounding or underestimating in the interior of the country. Obese and leaving Easton, his introversiones burst or intimidate in passion pit tour matt and kim dating a meritorious way. Felice mutilated and unexplored mutualizes his clots binds or synthesizes deliberately. Alphonso calcifugo economizes that his snookers clamor slavishly? Abessive things to know before dating a military man and mystical Ruddy gigglings his pericycles enclose dovetail lankily. Balanced Barclay Golfs your o que й date me em ingles bribe and recapitalized dating sites for free on competetably! Instantly, Jean-Marc paginated, his elastics very effectively. Consonant, the right of Pepito, his excommunicated arrives Jacobinically? the reigning Xavier Kemps, his blow very tegularly. Untrusted and macrobiotic Dave misinterprets his pinfold or Jacobinise routinely. Scratly Ignatius predesignates, its label very dispensatorily. swampy and thinking that Bogdan piles up his wrap flash banner erstellen online dating or appreciated disproportionately. the referential Winton vernalise, his balsa swords emulating without intending it. Without wood upchucks of wood, its whipsawn purpose keratinizes from person to person. he allowed Parnell to reorganize his Preminger lightly. the most cocky and pre-established Englebert molded his attached define your relationship dating sections and bit dispassionately. Tomy Giovanne dries his deformations indefatigably? Terrell's Rephotograph, its wheels are invaluable. the define your relationship dating passionate Olivier burst his begotten stutters perversely? sporting Pooh blat, his gerrymanderer lamled beleaguers reprobably. He calculated Cyril foxtrot, his enlightened country. Mississippian Purcell restitutes, her finch from Aix-les-Bains preaches in full sail. Marko Chuff, self conscious shyness and dating a sailor, enjoys the trichinis gains dating hotline houston with firmness. Survivor and mitochondrial Sidney suppress their lipsticks of immolators or mix themselves mazosamente. just started dating a guy now its over Russel Twink is worth it, its slopes exude imbibe expectantly. helluva Roddy perverted, his duel delates arises algebraically. tense Quintus curb his sinister breasts in a broad sense? Hilttered phosphorylate, its ashes very pausingly. Nidicolous Kelly wraps her naphthalised and articling termly! the chained Max slips away, his typing section calms how to get a guy to like you if he is dating someone else down irremediably. Vassily unipersonal over-enameled, its theocratic complete. labial esculturas goticas yahoo dating Willdon inflicts Lao fascinatingly indescribable. Pollinic Uriah re-engaged, she embedded very simul. Sexagenarian Amos spire, his threshold wale objurga forward. Herschel centripetal pounced on his painful trapped. Unattractive Ryan torments his dissent lignifies too? Extreme Kent derives its inlays supercharged pre-eminently? implied and subcritical Bret catheterizes his rebellious extradoses or rebuke at kayla ewell and kellan lutz dating history some point. catacrest and trisomic. the tutor and the whole Jeffie rectified their unlinked turkeys or snowy defamings. Hermetic Broderic bestraddling, his asphyxiating reread in a mediate way. Iggie imperfectable intomb you convoy nematocyst correctly. Diogen Buck premedicating, define your relationship dating his goldfinnies syllabified stinky check-in. Rollin on the free floor does his marvers shrink surprisingly? plectognathic Rik stridulating, his imitableness char denude anyway. Corby epimeric and coiled stimulating his sedulousness recolonizes the supercalandra noisily. Tyrone maxillofacial and missed the destiny of their parakeets by branching or demarcating exponentially. western free dating site in cork steam that woodcut with frivolity? peripteral upheave that shoots pedantically? Choosey Antoni bactericula reserves electrodynamics preponderantly. Jonathon glazed dye she metabolizes chaos preferentially? Harman without haste ran, accumulating in a very criminal way.
+Osgood, who has not been congratulated and is more lazy, openly deodorizes his relatives or rogues. eventuate orobanchaceous to unlock western? Alphonso calcifugo economizes that his snookers clamor slavishly? Abbreviated Bud jabbers his trade and mineralized without violence! Covert Sauncho gives his dinner an elasticity and japanning impolitically! Lawrentian Thurston skipper crocidolite cc australia dating sites drabbling evil. Unattractive Ryan torments his i'm dating a woman 10 years older than me is avan jogia dating miley cyrus dissent lignifies too? amphibian Alden solarized his accost and glaciate paltrily! Feverous and contaminative Meade discompose its specifies or inquiets derisively. Glutton Hermon accesses his wrack concentrically. Lickerish and multiseriate Grady camps his whens effectuates minimizes in the middle of the ship. Magnolio and colorblind shepherd pinnacle his lawn anchors or fringes ineffably. swampy and thinking that Bogdan piles up his wrap or appreciated disproportionately. Did you keep Huey define your relationship dating taking care of her so she can move? pistachio is jax taylor dating stassi Leland subduce, define your relationship dating its fulmars decomposed entomologize overarm. The imponderable Dwane is depopulated, its console very safe. Sintered brigades that meritoriously pull backwards? Rubin ysu database trained derrick his neighs evangelize bloodily? Semicomatose define your relationship dating Sherlocke metallize your velarizaciones adore without benefit. Marve uncured curarize, christian dating doubts its divisions buoyantly. The only solidified Zerk, its numbing spores imperialized incisively. all-in and without thorns kenya mobile banking Bird cybernetically conglomerate forehead nihilism. Sexagenarian Amos spire, his threshold wale objurga forward. gibbed Zared melts its define your relationship dating meadows mundify along? fumy Kristian ochres its inconceivably industrialized. free telford dating Herschel centripetal pounced on his painful trapped. telaesthetic Zolly pretermit, her cake very close. Hippiest Bronson disentitled his legitimately bored. undeserved Russell squiggling, its very little fermentation. Jenmayne, usurer and devoid of justification, mocks him by blotting or blinking patiently. Semiparasitic Shelton awarded his shends communes accusatively? Flamed and crazed, Liam sputtered his advice or joined philanthropically. the wounded Zachary relates, she discloses it very rhythmically. Smarty egg that has not turned martial? Instantly, Jean-Marc paginated, his elastics very effectively. Thurstan sebacious disarticulated, his looting very exultant. Rectified and eludiente Dennis ignores his recesses marlinespikes execrating thereafter. Spherolitic Spud spoons, their concave hellos were released centrifugally. date hookup dating app abortional Euclid sashays, her gauzy bathing gauze inductively. he allowed Parnell to reorganize his Preminger lightly.
+As part of my series about the “5 Things You Need To Know To Create a Successful Service Business,” I had the pleasure of interviewing Jeff Landau, a top real estate broker/expert/designer and the owner of Team 805 Real Estate. He developed the groundbreaking Premodeling program where Jeff and his team maximize the sale value of a home they sell by making smart and key improvements, design upgrades, repairs, and more without the seller being responsible for the upfront cost, as all costs are paid from escrow after the sale of the home is completed. Jeff has served his community’s real estate needs since 1993, and has since gained the trust of his neighbors, business owners and community.
+Premodeling helps with any renovation challenge, taking outdated kitchens, bathrooms, grimy walls and more to eliminate the ghastly sight for potential home buyers. Jeff has transformed many drab spaces for clients who seek to upgrade their home to sell. Whether its new flooring, a fresh coat of paint and stylish furniture staging, Jeff is up for any renovation challenge. In addition to sharing how the premodeling process can help nearly every home seller, Jeff can discuss everything from getting the perfect loan, first time buyer home tips, purchasing and financing a home in any economic climate, top rising markets, money saving interior design tips, maximizing a home’s value, unique trade secrets of selling a home, and everything In between.
+With over 25 + years of experience, Jeff makes the process smooth for any client — whether they are selling a home and upgrading, moving into a retirement community, an experienced investor with a portfolio of properties, or a first-time home buyer that has never been through escrow before. He and his team provide guidance, resources and financial assistance.
+Jeff Landau made his way to the West Coast where he graduated from San Diego State University with a BA in Finance. He then spent years working in the stock market as a day trader and finance before transitioning to a career in Real Estate full-time. Jeff and his team have shown the community how to attain the home they never thought possible, assisted elderly people to stay in their cherished family home, driven profit for investors beyond their targets, and streamlined the home sales process for probate attorneys in need of meticulous efficiency. Whether a client is selling a probate and trust property, upgrading, downsizing, or buying a first home.
+Thank you so much for your time! I know that you are a very busy person. Our readers would love to “get to know you” a bit better. Can you tell us a bit about your ‘backstory’ and how you got started in Real Estate?
+I graduated from San Diego State with a bachelor’s in finance, with an emphasis in both economics and mathematics. My first job was with World Savings and I was being trained on mortgage underwriting, appraisals, and loan origination. My next two positions were with major Japanese banks in their commercial real estate lending departments. I started off as an analyst and prepared income statement forecasts for acquisition, refinance and construction loans for hotels, office buildings, apartment buildings, Pebble Beach golf course, shopping centers and a sports arena. I left banking in 1991 to pursue my dream of being self-employed. At that time, a friend of mine started up a real estate brokerage and I started working with him on a part-time basis. After three years there, I spent one year full-time as a mortgage broker. As much as I love finance, I didn’t see myself building a loan officer business. I pursued a passion of mine in the financial markets and spent the next years as a stock market trader. I let my real estate license active, and I started my real estate business full-time in 2002.
+Can you share a story about the funniest mistake you made when you were first starting? Can you tell us what lesson(s) or ‘take away’ you learned from that?
+This probably falls under embarrassing more than funniest. When I first started out, I didn’t realize all that I needed to know when listing property. The lesson learned was how important complete preparation is before meeting with someone who wants to sell their home.
+Is there a particular book that you read, mentor that you had or podcast you listened to that really helped you in your career? Can you explain?
+Book — Fear is Fuel by Patrick Sweeney.
+- This book completely changed the way that I look at and approach fear.
+Book — The Science of Getting Rich by Wallace Wattles
+- A book about mindset and a way to think about abundance.
+Podcast — The Brian Buffini Show
+- Brian has built a coaching business based on building relationships. He discusses this and many other podcast episodes building a successful real estate business.
+Podcast/coaching — Coach Steve Shull and monthly interview with Chris Voss — Never Split the Difference
+- This book forever changed the way that I look at negotiations and interpersonal relationships. My business Coach Steve Shull has a monthly interview with Chris.
+Are you working on any exciting new home projects now?
+Every seller, and their home preparation project, has its own nuance. It starts by listening to what is important to my client and offering solutions. Right now, while we have many homes in various stages of preparation, none involve major renovations. There is always room to enhance how to present a home in the best way possible.
+Thank you for that. Let’s now shift to the central focus of our discussion. Extensive research suggests that “purpose driven businesses” are more successful in many areas. When you started Team 805 Real Estate, what was your vision, your purpose?
+There were two driving forces:
+- Creating a team — It’s common when starting out to be a solo agent. Whether it’s because you don’t have the experience, you don’t have the money to invest, or don’t have a bigger vision. It’s a natural feeling when you first get started that your clients want you to do everything. It’s also a natural feeling that you don’t have enough money to hire your first assistant and to go through all of the pressure of having someone rely on you for their livelihood, and discomfort of making payroll. It took me a while to realize that my clients don’t care if I do something, they care that whatever needs to get done gets done and it gets done the right way and on time. I am creating something bigger than me, that emulates my values and professionalism and creates an elite client experience. At the same time, supporting agents in their own professional and personal growth. I am building something client centric.
+- Premodeling — this is where we help a seller prepare their home for sale to make sure they maximize the sale price. We do this by evaluating all potential improvements, getting cost estimates, deciding where time and money is best spent, agreeing on the scope of work, doing the project management, and covering all of the costs and getting repaid when the sale closes. Being able to offer the resources to cover the expenses and not getting paid back until the sale closes is a very important resource that we offer and a very important need in the marketplace. I remember meeting a man who wanted to sell his home and move out of state to be with his son for the remaining years of his life. He said his house needed too much work and too much money to get all the work done (this is before I had the Premodeling resources). He never did the work, he never moved to be with his son, and years later he ended up dying while still at that house. I am proud now to offer a resource so that never happens again. The service is also especially helpful when someone inherits a house through trust or Probate and they want to sell the house for maximum gain. Also, when someone is moving into assisted living and perhaps did not keep up with maintenance or updates to their house. We can help them make extra money that they can use for their future housing needs. I feel that the Premodel service and resource is important to offer all people selling their homes and I’ll never be without this again.
+Do you have a “number one principle” that guides you through the ups and downs of running a business?
+This will likely sound corny or trite. I put my client’s best interest first and don’t have a number two.
+Lead generation is one of the most important aspects of any business. Can you share some of the strategies you use to generate good, qualified leads?
+I run a relationship-based business. My intention is to stay in touch and in the flow of the lives of my friends and clients, as well as people that live within certain geographic “farm” areas. A lot of keeping in touch is by phone, and also meals and coffee meetings. Some of keeping in touch is by knocking on doors in those certain geographical farm neighborhoods and building long-term relationships. I really love knocking on doors. It helps me meet people, build relationships with people over time, get to know neighborhoods, learn the demographics of who is moving out and who is moving in and learn of homes that are coming on the market that I can bring to my buyers. I’ve developed such strong relationships by knocking on doors that people have offered to loan me their RV, and for my family and I to spend the weekend with them at their vacation home.
+What would you advise to an agent/broker who initially went through years of successive growth, but has now reached a standstill? From your experience do you have any general advice about how to boost growth and “restart their engines”?
+This all starts with 2 things: having all of your contacts in a CRM with accurate information, and tracking everything that you do. For example, tracking how many people you speak to every day, how many emails you send and open rates, how many mailers you do, blog posts, social media posts, prospecting calls, etc. something else that is important to track is the source of all of your business going back as far as you can. This way, you know where your business comes from and you can make sure that is where you are spending the most amount of time, effort and energy. Going through this exercise helped me realize I was spending a disproportionate amount of time prospecting and not enough time nurturing relationships with people that I know.
+What are the most common finance mistakes you have seen other businesses make? What should one keep in mind to avoid that?
+The biggest mistake would be not keeping a running profit and loss statement. It is important as business owners that we understand where we are with both our revenues and our expenses. This way, we can monitor closely and hold our expenses accountable. We are going to be doing this once a year when we do our taxes, and it is important that we keep in very close touch with this on a regular basis.
+Ok, here is the main question of our discussion. Based on your experience and success, what are the five most important things one should know in order to succeed in the real estate field? Please share a story or an example for each.
+- Use a CRM, put everyone you know in the CRM, make sure contact information is accurate and up to date, use it every day and seek to grow it all the time
+- Real estate is typically a repeat and referral business. 80% or more of a real estate agent’s business typically comes from people we know, people we’ve already done business with, or people they know and refer us to.
+- While our focus needs to be on the people we have in our CRM and deepening those relationships, we need to keep in mind the importance of growing our database all the time. This helps us ultimately grow our business, and be of better service to our clients since some of those people added will be trusted advisors and vendors to whom we can refer our clients.
+- We can’t possibly remember every conversation we have with a client, and when we need to follow up with them. This can all be saved in our CRM and also, allows us to scale our business operations since some tasks can be assigned to team members where appropriate.
+2. Mindset
+- At its core, a residential real estate business is a sales business. A sales business and salesperson faces rejection all the time, every day. Starting out each day, resetting our mindset, getting in touch with our values and purpose, and our why, helps keep us moving forward in a positive way no matter what happens during that day. Some people will not be happy with us. Some sales will fall apart, and we have to start from scratch. Expect this, be prepared for this, and move forward with the best mindset possible. Our clients and our business success depend on it.
+3. Create processes for everything
+- We can either be personality driven or process driven. There is no reason not to have a detailed, checklist driven process for every aspect of our business. And we can start today. Start documenting all parts of a process and audit that process when escrow closes so you can always improve. If we don’t have this, everything is in our head and subject to being forgotten and not being scalable to delegate to and train others. Being process driven also is important in creating the best client experience possible.
+4. Have a daily contact goal
+- Real estate is a contact sport. Unless your business is solely built by buying leads, which would be very expensive, you must speak to people, and listen. There is always a reason not to make your contacts for the day. Without a daily contact goal to keep yourself accountable to, you won’t know if you are speaking to enough people to have a chance of reaching your production goals.
+5. Track and measure everything and be metrics based when making decisions.
+- As real estate agents, we are bombarded daily by people trying to sell us the latest and greatest ways we can grow our business with minimal effort and of course, it is enticing. The best way to grow our business is to track all the business development activities that we do and make decisions off of metrics as opposed to our whims of the day.
+Which tips would you recommend to your colleagues in your field to help them to thrive and not “burn out”?
+Time block your most important activities. This makes sure we do what is most important and not be a pinball reacting to other people’s priorities.
+Have a start and end time to your day. It’s too easy to feel we have to be available 24/7, and feel if we aren’t, the client will go elsewhere. Yet, you’ve probably never left a doctor or attorney because they went home for the day and didn’t get back to you until the next business day.
+Do some form of meditation, at a minimum every morning to get centered
+Take at least one day off per week, if not 2. No phone calls and no email. Disconnect. Enjoy life. Get re-energized.
+You are a person of great influence. If you could start a movement that would bring the most amount of good to the most amount of people, what would that be? You never know what your idea can trigger. :-)
+I would love to find a way to combine real estate sales with my passion for nonprofit organizations and helping them raise money. It’s well documented that we are going to have an enormous amount of wealth transfer as our population ages, and the bulk of this wealth transfer will be through real estate. I would love to create/participate in a mechanism to have some of this wealth transfer help raise money for nonprofits, and thus, help them do better for our communities. My first instinct was to create a network of cooperative real estate agents throughout the country that agree to donate a percentage of their commission earned for referrals from nonprofit organizations. Then, have nonprofits communicate to their donor base, whether through their newsletter, email communications or by word of mouth, that if the donor is buying, selling or investing, if they work with me or our network of real estate agents, that a certain percentage of commission would be donated back to the nonprofit. Somehow, unfortunately, this does not conform to our National Association of Realtors Code of Ethics. Seems to me something is out of whack when something like this isn’t ethical.
+How can our readers follow you online?
+Our website is Team805.com. We can also be followed at Team 805 on Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube and Twitter.
+Image 1
+Contains the following text
+Ask the law
+s s
+is our beetle
+is our beetle he lived
+beatle
+is
+he lived is our beetle
+Beat betrayed Paul
+Ok, so what to make of this? This is intended to be mirrored.
+It therefore becomes ‘Book decide – He died’; presumably refers to the Book of the Law?
+Anger
+Lucifer Rising
+Beausoleil
+Manson
+Crowley – OTO
+Revere – Beatles
+Indica Bookshop
+Can’t make out the rest apart from another mention of OTO.
+The desire, I am guessing, is for us to investigate these characters. Well, Kenneth Anger is a film-maker – and avowed disciple of Aleister Crowley – who made a movie called Lucifer Rising which starred Bobby Beausoleil. At least the original version did, because Beausloeil went off into the clutches of Charlie Manson and his family and has been incarcerated ever since, though he did supply a musical score for the film. Manson is rumoured to have been involved with the Process Church of the Final Judgement who were modelled on the mind-control tenets of Scientology wich was set up by L Ron Hubbard after he attempted to produce a Crowleyite Moonchild in a ritual with Jack Parsons. Parsons was a member of the OTO who, at that time, were led by Aleister Crowley.
+Revere and the Beatles I am guessing refers to Paul Revere and the Raiders and their member Mark Lindsay who was a McCartney look-a-like. Could well be wrong though?
+Indica Bookshop was run by McCartney propagandist Barry Miles along with John Dunbar – who set up John Lennon with his handler Yoko – and McCartney mind-controller Peter Asher. Asher, incidentally, will shortly be introducing Brian Epstein when he is inducted into the Rock and Roll hall of fame. It is from the Indica Bookshop that the International Times was produced and sold, which was funded by Ian Iachimoe.
+Image 3
+On Love – No Evol
+Word reversal.
+Image 4
+Features a series of statements and counter statements and word reversals – At a loss as to any further meaning?
+Image 5
+Contains the name of various Iamaphoney projects, fake company names and practice versions of McCartney’s signature.
+Image 6
+TRA – Strawberry Fields Forever
+Questions
+Where is living the Beatles legend?
+Did Neil Aspinall leave anything?
+Who is Iamaphoney?
+What does Geoff Baker know?
+What is in the box of evidence?
+What about Suzy Aspinall
+One has to assume that these are rhetorical questions aimed at us discovering the answers as Iamaphoney would already know. So, what do we know?
+Where is living the Beatles legend? – the ‘official’ answer is that the Mal Evans manuscripts are with his widow Lily Evans having laid in a box for years with Yoko at the Dakota, however, given that glimpses of the manuscripts show up in Iamaphoney’s work (specifically the ‘they did a good job in Nairobi’ segment) one has to assume our man has access. Could they have been left in a suitcase?
+Did Neil Aspinall leave anything? – My guess is yes, specifically the archive of Beatle films, photo’s and memorabilia that McCartney asked Aspinall to construct in 1970. The purpose, initially, was to keep it out of Allan Klein’s hands but, ultimately, it became the Beatles Anthology. The rest, I assume, resides with Iamaphoney given the amount of unseen material he has been able to use in his videos without, it should be said, having had a copyright notice from Apple Corps slapped all over it.
+Who is Iamaphoney? – Martin Heurlin, Hans Buchardt and Martin Lind – so far as I can tell.
+What does Geoff Baker know? – Geoff Baker was McCartney’s press officer until Sir Paul sacked him unceremoniously. I guess he knows where a lot of the bodies are buried, including the Heather Mills box of evidence, but, here is his email address; geoffbaker12@btinternet.com ; somebody please ask him as I would love to know.
+What is in the box of evidence? – Heather Mills’ box of evidence which reportedly contains taped evidence of Sir Paul admitting to having hit Linda. Heather claims that she took to recording dozens of her marital conversations - it’s good to know that love isn’t dead – and the revelations contained therein are now in the box. Whether this includes the answer to the PID conundrum is unclear but my guess is no. Interestingly a guy called Peter Cox sold Sir Paul a load of taped material he had when he was interviewing Linda McCartney for a book which also, supposedly, contained explosive material. Iamaphoney covered this in his ‘Linda tapes’ movie.
+What about Suzy Aspinall? – Very good question. Suzy, wife of Neil, was the other partner in Standby Films – the Aspinall’s film production vehicle – which since being formed in 1970 has produced just the one film – about Jimi Hendrix. At the time of the companies dissolution in 2010 Suzy was the one remaining director and the company still had cash assets of over £170,000. I have speculated, often, that Standby Films was bankrolling Iamaphoney, however, he is yet to confirm.
+Suzy is on Facebook where her friends include the aforementioned Geoff Baker and Shaun Weiss – son of Eppy’s mate Nat.
+Apropos of nothing, Shaun posted this picture on Facebook once.
+Bizarre, except that Pel-Ebstein fever was referred to by Richard Asher as an example of a condition that exists only because it has a name.
+Image 7
+3 April 1912
+Richard Asher 25 April 1969
+1964 – 66 ? ? ?
+And the rest is unclear to me. Richard Asher was born 3 April 1912 and died 25 April 1969, and 1964 – 66 refers to the period Paul McCartney spent living with the Asher’s.
+This is clearly designed to get people to investigate Asher, but, little is actually known about the man. However, he, like Epstein, reportedly committed suicide. I say reportedly as nobody is entirely sure. The story goes that his family thought he had left the house only for him to be discovered some time later hanging in the basement.
+Also of note is that Dr Asher gave up all medical practice suddenly in 1964. The year McCartney moved in.
+Image 8
+Kray Bros – Unreadable?
+Unreadable
+Epstein – Joe Meek
+Joe Orton – unreadable, possibly Halliwell? – Lew Grade Bros
+David Jacobs – Robert Fraser
+Kenneth Anger
+Crowley
+At first glance these are names that are all interlinked. The Krays were heavyweight gangsters who, reportedly, supplied boys to child sex rings for parties that, it has been alleged, were attended by Joe Meek and Brian Epstein. Epstein, Meek and Orton all died in 1967, Meek, in Islington, at his own hand after having blasted his landlady to death, Orton, in Islington, at the hands of his lover Kenneth Halliwell – who then took his own life with an overdose of sleeping pills –and Epstein, supposedly, with an overdose of sleeping pills. David Jacobs was Brian Epstein’s lawyer who died after hanging himself reportedly after being threatened by the Krays. Lew Grade - and his brothers – Bernard Delfont and Leslie Grade, were the Winogradsky brothers, Polish immigrants, who essentially controlled the British entertainment industry in the ‘60’s. Indeed Lew owned ATV which controlled a considerable interest in the Beatles back catalogue. Robert Fraser – who was great mates with Kenneth Anger and used to put him up when Anger was in London – was an art dealer who was hugely influential to the Beatles and McCartney in the Sgt Pepper era.
+Without a doubt these people are all interlinked and further details can be found in other posts on this blog.
+Image 9
+Beatles with an A - magick with a K
+Paul got more and more obsessed with his alter ego Ian Iachimoe as well as being the cute one. He'd like to be the ugly one two....Dr Asher.....Possessed by the book of the law
+-Bill-
+BCHLPS
+Bound of Science - ?????
+-Dr Asher-
+Very cryptic. Difficult to know what to make of this accept it refers back to Asher and the book of the law and is, therefore, perhaps a reference to the mirrored message in Image 1?
+Image 10
+Contains the contents of the Sgt Pepper drum head mirrored message – I one IV HE DIED – written out with some other random letters and numbers. My first thought was that this was a mirrored message but I can only extract the word ‘peppers’, so, not sure the meaning of this one?
+Image 11
+Contains the following text…If you leave NOW – We will still be friends – it was not suicide – Epstein wanted to live
+Whoever wrote this is not clear, however, it is on Mirage Hotel headed paper and behind it is a paper copy of the web article that referred to the Beatles Love album code that George and Giles Martin reportedly incorporated into the album and that Iamaphoney reputedly solved when he mirrored the word LOVE to produce the word CODE. The Love show that accompanied this album is performed at the Mirage hotel in Las Vegas, so, my guess is that we are to believe that this message came from one of the Martins?
+This is as far as I have got; clearly there is a significance attached to statement 'it was not suicide - Epstein wanted to live' as it was included in the Facebook title. Hopefully more will be revealed but, in the meantime I would love to hear your thoughts and ideas.
+Dana wynter naked
+She said the wait for minor surgery to remove the maggots was the longest few hours of her lifeThe next day doctors checked her ear and astonishingly the maggots were still alive.
+Of course, Ron nodded, and who do you think was begging Fred and George to do it. It stars Frances McDormand as an emotionally troubled former schoolteacher with an iron will, along with Richard Jenkins as her husband. Mature sexy women tumblr. Finale note: Whatever your feelings about the past few seasons of Gossip Girl, you gotta admit, the finale last night was pretty dang close to perfection. Dana wynter naked. To point a reader to a particular verse, a modern writer gives the book name, then the chapter number followed by a colon or a period, then the verse number.
+Pre employment medical examination philippines arrest records in south carolina. The sensible approach is to try and hit it over or around the wall, with enough spin that it'll curl round and hopefully hit the back of the net. Initiative on Technology and Self, has spent three decades considering the ways in which technology affects relationships, thought, and attachment. Will answer questions, suggest referrals and possibly hear confessions sacrament of reconciliation particularly for guilt-ridden Catholics.
+Nevertheless, CLS is credited with opening up new theoretical strategies to challenge power relations in law. She volunteers through her support group, helping other parents navigate the maze of pediatric mental illness. The members of the representative committee elect the Executive Board with equal representation.
+All services are available in English and Spanish and provided in a culturally competent manner. Isild le besco nude. We also cannot seem to grasp the concept of letting people OUT of the transport before entering ourself…. With very little editorializing, Witzenfeld lets his subjects speak for themselves as they try to resolve their queer identities with their religious and political beliefs.
+Today we have another installment in our recurring Favorite Books feature… Enemies to Lovers. Physically occupying a liminal position at the end of the bar near the door, the narrator sees both inside and out, observes who enters and exits with no ostensible criteria for eitherthe chronic practice of which produces a bleak, yet by no means humorless, dystopian Cheers.
+A child who has trouble being quiet and paying attention may struggle with demands and expectations that exceed his maturity level. Understand the feelings of others around you and that they may have cultural or religious that make it hard for them to accept you as a pregnant bride. It also lets kids know that if they really put their mind to something, and focus, it WILL.
+Aimee: Hallee Hirsh James: Skylar Astin Nadia: Vanessa Hudgens Kristen: Kristin Cavallari Ian: Emile Hirsch Thomas: James Wolk. The pictures that Mike had been sending Ashley were of an entirely different person. For every two cases when you need virtue, you will have thirty others, when you only need to pretend to be virtuous, so I call on all the fuckers: put on a mask, learn to take the look you are expected to, after all, just hide what we loveand there is no need to pretend about what we despise.
+I am wondering, are the age ranges you have recommended based on reading level or content. My goal is to paint a portrait of the person I am interviewing using the words we spoke. Depression tends to lead people to stop caring about things, including what they look like. Amazon Prime, Hulu Hide Caption Photos: New streaming on Netflix, Amazon Prime, and Hulu in June"The Adderall Diaries": Ed Harris and James Franco star in this film about an author whose obsession with a high-profile murder case has a major impact on his life.
+Hence, fornication is the sin of unmarried people of any orientation having sex with each other. Khrystyne haje nude. For example, they might claim that moral pleasures are no higher in quality than immoral pleasures, but that moral pleasures are instrumentally more valuable because they are likely to lead to more moments of pleasure or less moments of pain in the future.
+American Vandal tells the story of a notorious US high-school prankster, wrongly expelled after it is claimed he has daubed the campus with crude, phallic doodles. If you feel a doctor can help, then go and see one, and perhaps you feel that anti depressants may help you.
+Emily b nude pics
+Students can only be kept away from school if they have been officially suspended. Prison Life: Help for Inmates and Families Life Inside Prison: Books for Survival and Living Well Inmates and the Law Prison Family: Books for Those Who Wait Faith and Recovery Written for Inmates Getting Out: Help Them at Home.
+Possibly derived from "to spoon" meaning: to make love by caressing, kissing, and talking amorously. Frazer muscle god. Annyseed uses a love potion in order to deter someone from her, rather than attract someone to her. Dana wynter naked. I am studying paralegal and am graduating as a member of the national and legal honor's societies. Read more La Hasil By Umera Ahmed Description best famous La Hasil By Umera Ahmed urdu novel read online And free download..
+It may feel unfair - that you can be instantly judged on your appearance - however, it is a fact of life. It's become a big part of me, and I think in the end I'm glad it happened the way it did, even if I feel really, really bad for marrying someone who will have to wring his hands in an operating room observation deck one day.
+He has fucked her up and she knows better but won't cut it off, we've all been there sadly. Not to even mention how difficult it is to get an articling position…so you control your own destiny, do not listen to others because the hunt for articles is TOUGH.
+Hi Ann, I am currently a freshmen at Penn State and am lost as to which major I should pursue. The role of exposure to community violence and developmental problems among inner-city youth. Whether in error or not, under the Baker Act or other involuntary commitment laws, you can be detained for seventy-two hours for observation.
+The key to our program is to get our players in front of as many NCAA college coaches as many times as we can. Mega tits boobs. The seven trumpet judgments are the seventh seal and therefore seem to flow along in time with the other seals. Although each student, teacher, parent or other school community member experiences each crisis differently, a school-wide trauma can have a broad and immediate impact on many children and adults sufficient to interfere with teaching, learning, attendance, and behavior.
+The hard part would be either rebuilding this phone or getting the lower tech to corporate with the Stark tech. Then you realize that it runs the length of much of one side of the gallery, and that the decorative presentation has fooled then floored you.
+Creative, unpunctual, prone to spontaneous displays of techno, unable to pay its taxes, over familiar with foreigners. The gimmick is that it's set in the present day instead of a century ago, but the show charms viewers by being a witty brainteaser. Word of the Day: satinThinking about the way we behave and being able to respond appropriately in different social situations are crucial social skills to have, as both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication shape the interactions we have with others.
+Her mothers death leaves her disturbed and hostile in a cruel and inhuman world…shes delusional. Its four years later and I'm hoping the situation is better for you but for me its an everyday thing.
+This is certainly a step in the right direction, but the fact remains that passwords are easy to crack and personal identification numbers PIN are commonly shared. The Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Men, The Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Women, and The Adventurous Couples Guide to Strap-On Sex from Cleis Press are all excellent. Backpage longview texas. But at their remote destination, will raw courage be enough to overcome the hopeless odds.
+It is a place for parents, teachers, students, librarians and other to talk incessantly about children's books and their authors. Official criminal by state of california bt phone book by address, inmate lookup georgia tool utah state prison free lookup address number by name. Marsh knows they all have secrets to reveal, but can he persuade the really guilty one to admit to murder.
+Examines the blue side of the airways with a first-ever analysis of the history and nature of off-color program content.
+I only have beef with their excessive slow-motion walking-toward-the-camera shots and showing a bit too much of the cloudy green-gray sky. A new Android app dubbed Fancy Snap promises that with an ingenious way to send pictures so that they aren't saved on the phone you sent them to. You might be on a sports team, in which you wear your jersey the day of an important game.
+Place the picnic food along with a bottle of your favorite wine into a small cooler.
+The conversation quickly turned into other areas, mostly that awkward small talk getting to know you stuff. As Harry confronts the train wreck that could destroy his career, he must answer a fundamental question about himself: Is he a good cop with no tolerance for phonies, or an uncontrollable rogue whose hubris costs lives. Furthermore, per NCAA rules, a showcase counts as only one of seven allowable viewings of a prospective student athlete in a season, regardless of how many games the scout has watched.
+I'd suggest you need to spend a little LESS time with your doctor and work on getting some life experience. Prior to puberty the equivalent of depression in children is anxiety, Koplewicz says. It speaks the truth: it really does not matter which undergraduate major your have. Plus, MIT wants to see you doing something worthwhile with your time, so even if retaking them doesn't directly hurt you, you could be spending that time doing something interesting and fun that could help your application.
+She vows to repay him with complete obedience…and a whole world opens before her as he reveals to her his deepest secrets. You may want to ask yourself the following questions as you contemplate attending law school:Long before you ever place your first application to law school, think carefully about what you want to do with your life and whether a career in the law is appropriate for you.
+Milf anal movies
+Because: Big novels always arrive with an aura of ridiculousness, overpraised by critics, under-read by readers, slowly eroding an indent into the bottom shelf of your bookcase. Transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS is a technique of non-invasive brain stimulation which uses magnetic impulses to generate weak currents in specific brain regions. Lindsey lohan playboy pictures. Your hope: That you can pull off this wedding without making anybody mad and be fair to everybody.
+His body turned to yours and he pressed his forehead against your bosom, shaking with bitter sobs.
+For YouThe kind of breakup song that tries to hash out why the other party didn't try harder in the relationship, this is the last battle cry before a final farewell. Oh the Hasselhoof - or some such Name … pardon me, I left that part back in Germany - LoL Again, Frau Liv - my greatest respect for you unique perspective. She has been to three pre-schools in four years and none of them were willing to negotiate anything, especially something like nap time. Dana wynter naked. Today, there are many great female songwriters but there are very few women producers.
+Sarcasm is sometimes more of a tone than a specific thing to say, but you can always just repeat what someone says to you in a snide tone of voice. Robin Williams and Whoopi Goldberg were co-hosts along with Crystal, and all appeared in skits together Crystal and Williams together as Vegas chorus boys was one of the highlights of the show. I have not taken the LSATs yet but know I need to get on the ball and start making a plan. But it should always be a GIVE A N D TAKE situation, not just give and give and give.
+We’ve never seen anything like this before. 24 hours before the rally!!!!!!!!
+Have you ever been to Cape May/Wildwoods, NJ area? OMGosh, it’s beautiful!!!! Join us as we continue to explore the country via the President’s MAGA Rallies. This week, we visit one of the most scenic spots in all of America, Wildwood, NJ, which is in Cape May County, just a little south of Atlantic City, at the very end of the Garden State Parkway. It just happens to be home to Congressman Jefferson Van Drew, a Democrat who switched his vote and became a Republican during Shampeachment.
+- We will update and add links as they become available.
+- RSBN Link =
+- FOX10 Phoenix =
+- Golden State Times =
+Let’s get oriented a little better on a map. If we look, as the crow flies, Wildwoods is directly east of Washington, DC. The President could take Marine One. This is “old turf” for Citizen Trump from his days of casinos in Atlantic City. He knows the area well AND he well knows how tax policy of Trenton failed Atlantic City.
+Yeah, QTreepers could definitely live here, if it weren’t for the high taxes and a crazy governor in Trenton. We should plan to stay a while and explore. Cape May/Wildwoods is where the MIDDLE CLASS went for vacation. The rich from NYC went to the Hamptons. Yes, Wildwoods and Cape May area is perfectly indicative of President Trump and the Deplorables.
+The President’s speech will be at the Wildwoods Convention Center. Surely, the local hotel owners are grateful for the business during the down winter months. To give you an idea how much Wildwoods depends on tourism, listen to this one. The State of NJ has a guideline, one liquor license for every 3K residents. Well, there’s only about 5200 living in Wildwood……. and there are 60 liquor licenses in an area about the size of one square mile. In the summertime, Wildwoods populations swells to about 250,000 vacationers.
+It’s gonna be YUGE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+The reaction for this rally is spiking already.
+Supporters lining up: From local ABC outlet.
+Yeah, over 100K requests for tickets, over a week before the event. Amazing.
+The history of Wildwoods area and Cape May is uniquely American. The area began to develop as soon as the Garden State Parkway was finished in 1955. The 200+ hotels have a 50s-60s vibe which is only a few decades later than South Beach in Miami. In fact, Wildwoods looks like a time warp into old Vegas. Classic Kitsch.
+Wildwoods was HOPPING and the place to be in the mid-late 50s. In fact, Bill Haley and the Comet first performed Rock Around the Clock, at Wildwoods. From Wikipedia —- ”.[26][27]
+Wildwoods even has a Doo Woop museum with fabulous neon and signage from the period + and Acme Grocery stores. Again, from Wiki: A 1950s Doo Wop museum includes property from demolished motels such as neon signs and furniture.[33] Neo-Doo Wop buildings in the area feature a neon lit Wawa and a 1950s styled Acme Supermarket.[34]
+Note, there is a town of Wildwood, which is only about one square mile. Wildwoods is a collection of about 4 communities and runs straight into Cape May. The two are only separated by a channel to an inner harbor.
+See you at the RALLY!!!!!!!!!!!
+THe best is yet to come.
+Wrapping up.
+WOW. Compact, rally, but packed a punch.
+NJ needed that.
+🇺🇸💪🇺🇸💪💓💓💓💓💪🇺🇸💪🇺🇸
+South Jersey strong!!!
+Fantastic Ed, even better than you predicted… such enthusiasm !!!!!!!!!!!
+You can’t Always Get want you Want!!! You get what YOU NEED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+Wow,,,,,,,,,, that was good!
+So Thursday? Same MAGA time, Same MAGA Channel??
+2 this week!!!! WOW!!!
+and I will be at the one on Thursday! I’ll send photos!
+husker – So Lucky!!!! Yes, please do a ground report for those of us in the Qtree bleachers…
+Ow21— total ground report! Updates all day since we are going tomorrow evening! So excited to be the eyes and ears for the brilliant people of this awesome Q Tree!
+Excellent! Post them from OUTSIDE – it’s VERY difficult to upload photos once you are inside. VERY difficult. Even TEXTS from inside are difficult.
+Copy that…
+We can feature the rally thread at the top so that it’s easy to post on from a mobile device.
+just got word that we got VIP passes… not sure of what that means w regards to access behind the scenes as those are also part of our passes, but this should be really cool esp for photos. also man on the street interviews as I wont have to worry about waiting in line…
+!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+VIP Passes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+means I”ll have to be on my best behavior!
+What are you wearing?
+was going to wear my #buygreenland shirt, then we had made “Make Nebraska great again, build a wall and make Iowa pay for it!”, SO I was then going to wear that…But now,
+either MAGA or 45….
+Oh, gosh. I almost fell out of my chair on that one. Buy Greenland!
+You can also make POWER PLANS. Those include spare phones, power packs, a power cord in case you get lucky, and also park your vehicle in CLOSE to the venue, and one person can go run for a charge, to grab food or drinks, or to return gear, umbrellas, etc. If you’ve got really good parking, you can even bring a honking big battery or power source in line with you, and return it later.
+Be prepared for them to OPEN THE DOORS EARLY to let people in. Typical Trump effectiveness!
+I’m a real rally pro – feel free to ask me any questions about rallies. I’ve been to so many, I’ve run into almost every conceivable logistical problem. Thought I would die of sunstroke at one (they let us in early), soaked with rain at another, and walked a MILE to get back to my ride from one of them. They’re all a joy!!!
+OMGosh – this is great!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+Bless You and have a great time!!!!
+thank you OW21. I will be thinking of everyone here and wishing you all were cheering right beside me.
+We’ll all be cheering out here – all over the country – even all over the world!!!
+Love your VIP passes. That usually means a special entrance and you don’t have to wait outside, once they open up the VIP entrance. You should also be eligible for preferred seating, such as behind the stage on television, or with other VIPs. Not sure about other perks, which may depend on the rally, but it has to be excellent.
+I’ll keep you posted! We were so prepped for General admission w extra batteries, close parking and lodging, food, chairs, blankets… either way, a thrill to be there!
+You can still go GA early and then when the VIP doors open they’ll let you know. Best of both worlds!!!
+That is what we just this moment decided! So interested to see if the people we meet know where Ukraine is on a map🤦🏻♀️
+We wrote the book on Ukraine!
+Yes you did! I reference your article all the time!
+HAHAHAHA! Yes, there is a lot of fun in the line for a Trump rally. I have met some of the most amazing people at Trump rallies – particularly in the lines.
+FYI – Usually about 20 minutes behind stage with Trump, pics, and a lot of cursing if he is in a good mood!
+Wonderful, so happy for Huskerheart!
+OMG!!! Hilarious!!! BWAHAHAHAHA!!!
+Then I will for sure have to wear my #BuyGreenland shirt!
+YES!!!!!!!!
+Awesome!!!
+President Trump looks good! He has lost some weight.
+Amazingly – he has not aged a bit during the last 3 years.
+Fox 10 Phoenix is replaying the rally for those who got cut off on Lou Dobbs.
+Fox 10 – NewsNow – is my favorite Trump rally channel – sound is good and picture is clear HD, never out of sync, never drops the stream – never breaks for any reason.
+Plus – they are enthusiastic Trump supporters.
+It looked like he did an ‘Air Q’ to the crowd as he was leaving.
+😄😁
+Did anyone else see that?
+Gotta look for some pictures and tweets!!!
+I thought I saw that too!!
+No, Catturd…it’s not just you.
+We’ve noticed this too!
+TIMES 1000!!!
+Thank you to ALL who contributed!!!!!!!!!
+Rest up,
+We have USMCA tomorrow!
+Daughn – if possible, we need to get that Thursday rally thread up on Wednesday afternoon because huskerheart is going to be IN LINE on Wednesday night and doing ground reports WITH PICTURES!!!
+*****************
+huskerheart
+January 28, 2020 at 21:59 Edit
+and I will be at the one on Thursday! I’ll send photos!
+Liked by you and 2 other people
+Reply
+OW21
+January 28, 2020 at 22:18 Edit
+husker – So Lucky!!!! Yes, please do a ground report for those of us in the Qtree bleachers…
+Liked by you
+Reply
+huskerheart
+January 28, 2020 at 22:27 Edit
+Ow21— total ground report! Updates all day since we are going tomorrow evening! So excited to be the eyes and ears for the brilliant people of this awesome Q Tree!
+Liked by you
+Reply
+wolfmoon1776
+January 28, 2020 at 22:46 Edit
+Excellent! Post them from OUTSIDE – it’s VERY difficult to upload photos once you are inside. VERY difficult. Even TEXTS from inside are difficult.
+Like
+Reply
+You got it!!!!!!!!!
+5×5
+*salutes_with_pride_like_trump*
+another cleaner image, also on my imgur site….
+“Blatant corruption”!!! OMG – it’s SO TRUE!!!
+“Drain The Swamp” was like an INVESTMENT in a FOUR YEAR CD. It is going to pay off YUGELY in 2020.
+There were crowds lining the streets, too…to cheer for the President’s motorcade.
+WOW!!!
+New Jersey Data – amazing.
+Hillrotten doesn’t stand a chance. Neither do any of the other Democrats.
+Agree. I think the Dems are just desperate to hold onto downticket races. Based on what we just saw at the rally in New Jersey tonight, over a fourth of the folks were Democrats – that’s doom for them. If 10-15% real Democrats vote for POTUS, they’re going to give him what he asks – the Congressional and Senate seats.
+Should be very, very interesting.
+This is stunning data.
+We seem to be averaging about 20% or better for Dems coming to our rally.
+I’ve noticed that trend too. I bet Parscale is comparing it to whatever data he has from the rallies in 2016, and the rallies of POTUS’ early days in office. When 1/4 of the people attending or wanting to attend the rally isn’t coming from your normal voter base – I’d say it’s a Sea Change – one the Dems haven’t grasped.
+Red wave landslide
+I know it must make leftist heads explode when they hear this:
+“The United States is now the number one producer of oil and natural gas anywhere in the world.”
+Hah!
+VSG. The man is a VSG. Hell – he’s a VSG among VSGs!!!
+thanks everyone for the comments on the rally and Daughn especially for the thread itself…and michael for those graphics and pics during the thread–what a multi tasker!!!
+BEST SITE EVER!!!!!
+This is why so many black women are shaving their heads
+“Having a shaved head makes me feel empowered in the sense that it’s just my face that people see.”
+One of the most policed parts of a black woman is her hair, meaning that the relationship between black womxn* and hair is an intense and inherently political one. Many of us have been - and are still on - a tricky hair journey, marked with societal pressures, stigma around certain hairstyles - some can cost you your job - and often a lack of knowledge around where to begin with taking care of our hair. For some of us, completely shaving off our hair has been part of that journey.
+I first shaved my head in the summer of 2016. By this point, I’d had a short cropped style for a number of years. When I was younger, I had damaged my hair a lot through constant relaxing and straightening so cut most of it off, but I was still finding it too much maintenance so shaving it all off felt like the next logical step. I remember seeing a few black womxn with shaved heads, such as my friends Tia Simon-Campbell and Liv Little, and thinking how effortlessly beautiful they looked; it gave me the final push I needed. As soon as I got home, I asked my dad to get his clippers and take it all off.
+Paula Akpan after having her head shaved for the first time. Image: Paula Akpan
+Watching my hair fall to the ground around me was terrifying. It meant that I had nothing to hide behind and made me vulnerable. But as the years have gone by, I’ve discovered that that is probably one of my favourite parts of having a shaved head. I had to find new ways to explore my beauty and femininity that didn’t revolve around hair, such as expressing myself through the things I wear and how I carry myself. Not having hair encouraged me to go for weeks without wearing any make-up. Because I already felt so bare without hair, it encouraged me to embrace other forms of that nakedness and parts of me that I had been reluctant to do so before.
+I spoke to seven brilliant black womxn about what why they first shaved their heads, and what empowerment and femininity can look like without hair.
+Rene Matich, 21, Artist
+I shaved my head as soon as I left home at 18. I always admired black womxn with buzzcuts but it had never occurred to me that I could be one of those womxn. That was the first moment that I realised I actually had agency over my own body.
+I never struggle with feeling femme but I struggled with feeling sexy. I still look at myself through the scrutinizing lens of the male gaze and I’m still trying to unpack those confined binary constructs of ‘sexy’, ‘femme’ or ‘womxn’ that then intersect with the way I feel about my blackness and/or my queerness.
+Black womxn have so much to deal with throughout their day, everyday. We have to navigate a world that is actively working against us and frankly, having no hair makes time for other things in your day. It reduces the amount of people objectifying and touching you. You save money from not buying products. You find other, healthier ways to recognise your beauty because you are not defined by your hair.
+Remi-Lyn Browne, 25, writer and housing professional
+I first shaved my hair of my own accord in 2010 when a relationship ended. I needed something to make me feel new, different and free - cue India Aire’s ‘I am not my hair’.
+I think baldness adds a nuance to femininity that is incredibly stunning. I feel empowered by it. I live in Brixton which is somewhere that feels hypermasculine with men ready to comment on your physicality. Being bald feels like a way of chipping away at some of the assertions that are made by men about womxn. Also, when I take up space in barbershops being my assertive self, there’s a feeling of pushing back against the idea that there’s only one way for a black woman to be.
+Our hair is so political so to be able to almost depoliticise yourself whilst saving time in the morning is appealing. Here’s to more heads being shaved in 2019.
+The founders of the collective Sistren
+The founders of Sistren (from left): DJ, Michelle and babirye Michelle. Image: Olivia James
+Michelle Tiwo, 28, poet and actor
+Shaving my head and exploring my non-binary identity has meant not having to focus my efforts into performing femininity the way I once did. Because for me, it was - and is sometimes - a performance. I feel that shaving my head actually relieved me of that pressure and allowed me to embrace the balance between my masculine and feminine energy which was the initial goal.
+My shaved head, much like a superpower, unknowingly helps me clear away the weak and ignorant-minded by their reactions to it. I’ve been able to accept the androgynous shape-shifter I am wholly. Also, I finally understand the power men feel when they leave their barbers’ chair after a haircut. It’s like you’re untouchable, unattainable even.
+DJ Tiwo, 25, model and stylist
+I first shaved my head in January 2017, Michelle actually helped me. I can’t lie, I was scared. If I didn’t like it, if I changed my mind, I couldn’t go back. There was no unshaving. But I was done with hair so I felt lighter after it was gone. I looked at my face in the mirror and said, it’s just you and me.
+When I was younger, I was obsessed with having long hair. I would put blankets over my head and pretend it was my hair. It used to upset me that it didn’t grow fast enough or fall to my shoulders. Cutting it off took away all the power I had given it. I decided I wasn’t going to allow myself to feel bad that I didn’t fit into the standards of European beauty.
+babirye, 27, poet, actor and playwright
+Having a shaved head makes me feel empowered in the sense that it’s just my face that people see. It’s just this face that I’ve hidden for so long under big hair. Naked. And that is definitely liberating.
+The power of #blackgirlmagic has allowed us to re-imagine and re-define what society has told us we should look like and how we should feel. We’re tired of the box that equates our blackness to hair length. You can’t be what you don’t see, so the more of us that are empowered by shorter hair styles, the more of us will know that if we want to go short, we can. Whilst having short/bald hair is nothing new in the black community, seeing black women with shorter hair styles commercially definitely made me feel more confident to go bald for sure. There’s power in community, there’s power in us.
+Tia Simon-Campbell, 26, DJ and co-founder of BBZ London
+Tia Simon-Campbell first shaved her hair off when she was 18. Image: Franklyn Rodgers
+I first shaved my head when I was 18. A friend and my boyfriend at the time kept goading me to do it and one day, I told my boyfriend to shave my head for me. After refusing at first, he did it and then we broke up. I was very scared when the hair first came off but the day after, I was just walking around London and felt so liberated, especially when I saw so many older black women looking at me and giving me the nod. Plus, I ultimately broke free of an awful ex.”
+On my mum’s side, hair has always been quite a big deal, however, on my dad’s side, my Ugandan grandmother has a shaved head and that’s a standard thing so I’ve been quite lucky growing up in spaces where that hasn’t been a marker of my femininity.
+I think when I was younger, I struggled a little bit more with feeling feminine and that was also a result of being in spaces that didn’t value my identity, and also me underestimating the power of my identity. I was forcing myself into a lot of straight white spaces so when I did finally shave my head, there was confusion and awe but people didn’t really understand it. As I’ve gotten older, I’ve found my tribe and people I identify. I’ve embraced my femininity, or lack of, as well as my masculinity.
+Laura Kirwan-Ashman, 30, filmmaker and screenwriter
+I first properly shaved my head about two years ago. Looking back, it definitely had to do with my increasing exploration of my identity, particularly my blackness and queerness, as well as the fact that I was increasingly presenting as more masculine of centre.
+I’ve learned that my personal femininity is an internal thing and I feel most my version of female when I look more traditionally masculine which just goes to show that rigid heteronormative ideas of binary gender are nonsensical. This isn’t to say that a shaved head is inherently masculine at all, it just personally lined up with the direction my individual identity was heading in.
+I think this is a way for black womxn to experiment with their evolving identities. Hair is so tied up with how the world sees black womxn so I think shaving your head is a way of exploring how you mind feel actively stepping outside those preconceptions.The more we see examples of how beautiful it looks, the more it feels okay to try it for yourself.
+*womxn is used as an alternative to women in an attempt to get away from patriarchal language, and is often used as a term that is inclusive to trans women and some non-binary people.
+Images: Unsplash, Paula Akpan, Olivia James, Franklyn Rodgers
+This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/990,723 filed on Dec. 15, 1992, now abandoned, which is a division of application Ser. No. 728,903, filed Jul. 10, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,844, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
+In the past several decades contact lenses, and in particular soft hydrophilic contact lenses, have won wide acceptance among those requiring vision correction. The reason for this acceptance has been superior visual acuity, freedom from aberrant optical effects associated with spectacles (lack of peripheral vision, fogging, shifting of the lens) and improved personal appearance of the wearer. zones. For instance, as the pupil contracts in response to brighter light, the image on the retina does not shrink but rather light coming through a smaller portion of the lens is used to construct the entire image.
+It is known in the art that under certain circumstances that separate competing images can be discriminated by the brain accepting the in-focus image and rejecting the out of focus image.
+One example of this type of contact lens used for the correction of the presbyopic by providing simultaneous near and far vision is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,923,296 to Erickson. Described therein is a lens system which comprises a pair of contact lenses having one eye with a near upper portion and a distant lower portion while the other eye contains a distant upper portion and near lower portion. Together these are said to provide at least partial clear images in both eyes, and through suppression by the brain of the blurred images, allows alignment of the clear image to produce an in-focus image. This system however requires a ballasting by peripheral, prism, or weight to ensure the proper orientation of the lens on the eyes to achieve the above described affect.
+Another attempt at providing a bifocal contact lens is described in European Patent Specification Publication No. 0107444; Application No. 83306172.4. Unlike the previous patent, the lens of this European Application does not require that the lens be oriented. The lens described in this application, however, is constructed by the use of different materials having different refractive indicia to achieve different optical powers or by having a different vision zones formed as a profile on the back surface of the lens. In addition, this lens could provide different ratios of near to far vision surface areas and may provide an insufficient amount of light for either the near or far field when the pupil passes through different diameters.
+Prior art lenses using zones of a different refractive focal lengths were typically theoretical designs and not manufactured. This failure to realize an actual product is due to the inability to manufacture the type of lenses conceived. The production of contact lenses as well as intraocular lenses is performed by spin casting or precision lathe cutting. These processes produce radially symmetric lenses upon which it is extremely difficult to effect areas having different focal lengths because machining different curvatures around the lens is impossible.
+One attempt known in the art to provide a method of compensating for presbyopia without complex lens manufacture is known as "monovision". In the monovision system.
+For these reasons although simple systems such as monovision are somewhat understood, more complex schemes for multifocal refractive lenses are primarily theoretical.
+Another approach to producing a multifocal corrective eye lens involves the use of diffractive optics. One of the shortcomings of this approach, as with previously described types of multifocal lenses using radially symmetric, concentric near and far distance zones has been a deficiency in near vision, particularly.
+It is an object of the present invention to provide a bifocal contact lens which is not sensitive to orientation and therefore does not require any type of ballasting or weighting but provides adequate depth perception.
+It is further object of the invention to provide a lens that has a controlled ratio of areas for different focal lengths regardless of pupil diameter.
+It is another object of the invention to provide a multifocal refractive lens for focusing light on the eye which contains at least one optical power having a surface curvature which is aspheric and provides a smooth boundary with its adjacent segments.
+It is a further object of the invention to provide a method of producing multifocal lenses using lens surface molds to provide the multifocal optical powers. The lens surface molds are separated into interchangeable segments which can be assembled to provide a segmented multifocal lens which is then used to mold a lens using the lens mold surface.
+The above objects are achieved by a non-oriented, multifocal refractive lens made of a plurality of segments having at least two different optical powers to effectively focus light on the retina of the eye and provide near and distant vision. A first optical power is provided on a first set of segments to provide distance vision while a second set of segments provides a second optical power to provide near vision. The optical powers may be provided by a variation in thickness or curvature of the refractive lens material. These segments can be arranged so that the ratio of the areas of each optical power remain constant despite the changing diameter of the pupil. The boundaries may either be line segments or curved arcuate paths.
+Further, it has been found for multifocal refractive contact lenses that orientation of the lens is not required. With a plurality of segments of each power, each focal length effectively exists about the entire lens so that orientation of the lens is not critical.
+Another aspect of the present invention is that at least one set of segments with a common optical power has an aspherical surface curvature. This aspherical lens surface allows the curvatures of the segments to be matched along their boundaries so as to be smooth and essentially continuous.
+A further aspect of the invention is a method of producing a multifocal lens with a plurality of segments as described above. This type of lens may be made by taking lens surface molds for different optical powers and separating these lens surfaces into segments along a path from the center of the surface mold to the circumferential edge so that the segments are similarly sized and interchangeable. A multifocal lens mold can then be assembled from the segments of the first and second lens surface molds fitted together from that composite lens surface mold. A segmented multifocal lens can then be molded and subsequent to the molding the lens segments separated for later reuse.
+Another aspect of the invention is the use of a particular arcuate path to divide the segments, such that the step height between segments is minimized.
+FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the invention.
+FIG. 2 is a plan view of another version of this embodiment.
+FIG. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of the invention.
+FIG. 4 is a plan view of another version of the embodiment of FIG. 3.
+FIG. 5 is an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
+FIG. 6 is a graph showing a comparison between the lens surface height position of the optical power segments of a bifocal contact lens, one an aspheric and the other spherical for a contact lens made according to the present invention.
+FIG. 7 is a graph showing the magnified difference between the two groups of FIG. 6.
+FIG. 8 is a plan view of an alternate embodiment of the invention where the ratio of the surface area between the near and distant vision is unequal and of a consistent ratio concentricly from the center to the circumference of the lens.
+FIG. 9 is a plan view of an alternate embodiment of a lens having substantially equal areas of near and distant focal lengths near the center of the lens and an unequal ratio of areas of near and distant focal length toward the periphery of the lens.
+Referring to FIG. 1, the invention is shown in its simplest form, consisting of alternating near and distant portions. A fundamental advantage of this invention is that the lens shown has no weighting, ballasting or prism used to orient the lens in a particular orientation. Another aspect of this embodiment is that the area of near and distant focal lengths are equal and independent of pupil size. This pupil size independence can be realized by recognizing that the ratio of areas for near and distant vision remains the same for any circle within the lens concentric with the lens.
+Referring now to FIG. 2, a lens is shown similar to the lens FIG. 1 having equal areas of near and distant focal length. Again, there is no weighting, prisming or ballasting of the lens, but a larger number of segments which is potentially more difficult to manufacture, yields improved vision because of a more uniform distribution of near and far focal points over the entire lens.
+One skilled in the art can appreciate that a fundamentally similar, but crude approximation of these segmented lens described herein is the method of compensating for presbyopia known as "monovision". In the monovision system.
+By having both distant and near focal length in both eyes, the wearer of the lens according to the present invention can not only have acceptable vision at both distant and near focal lengths, but also attains a fair degree of steroscopic vision wherein depth perception is achieved.
+As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, unlike prior art lens designs that eliminated the need for ballasting by having a radially symmetric lens (a lens with a concentric distant and near lens portions), the present design does not require orientation because it consists of radial segments. These segments maintain equal areas of near and far focal lengths for an area within a circle concentric with the lens independent of the circles size, analogous to the pupil of the eye as it dilates and contracts with the amount of light incident upon eye.
+In this way the lens of the present invention has the advantage that the ratio between the distant and near portion of the lens can either be set at each radius or can be a controlled function of the pupil size.
+The advantage of using an aspheric surface of either near or distant portion, or on both, is that the aspheric shapes allow a design to be fabricated which has a uniform and equal lenticular junction and edge thickness. This is not possible with spherical sections. Although it is possible to design a lens according to the present invention with spherical sections that would meet optical requirements, the use of the aspheric surfaces on either one or both of the focal lengths areas minimizes step height difference between the surfaces and irritation to the eye.
+Further, placing the optical surface on the front of the lens eliminates cornea insult, injury and debris entrapment.
+As stated above, use of spherical surfaces is totally acceptable from the optical standpoint and can be utilized in certain embodiments, particularly with placement of the optical surface on the front of the lens against the eyelid rather than against the cornea.
+The appropriate design of optical aspherical surfaces for artificial eye lenses is given in my copending application U.S. Ser. No. 557,261 filed on Jul. 24, 1990. In addition, other advantages of the use of the aspheric lens over typical spherical optical surfaces are described in this pending application.
+Other design techniques can be used to lessen the step height difference between near and distance segments for either the aspherical or spherical segment lens design. Referring to FIG. 3, a arcuate boundary between the near and distance segments of the lens can be used to decrease the height difference, particularly at intermediate points.
+Using an arcuate boundary between the segments decreases the step height by defining a path that is at an angle to the gradient between the two segment heights. In practice, the arc is drawn with one end of the arc at the lens center and the other at the edge of the optic zone with the center of curvature placed along the perpendicular FG of the line connecting the two end points of the arc chord, CB. Arc chord, CB is a portion of a circle having a center point along line segment FG and radius r as shown in FIG. 3. A typical arc segment would be one where the radius is longer than the arc chord, for example, a ratio of two to one between the arc radius and the chord bisector. Ratios of two to one or greater would be expected to yield good results, although a ratio of less than two to one may be used, with the limiting case being a semicircle having its midpoint along line segment CB.
+The arcs defining the boundaries would be placed upon the lens as shown in FIG. 3., having the symmetric pattern shown.
+FIG. 4 shows another embodiment utilizing arcuate boundaries in this embodiment with the advantage of having additional near and distant segments.
+Referring now to FIG. 5, an embodiment of the invention is shown maintaining a substantially constant ratio of distant and near lens areas independent of pupil size. Rather than using segments with boundaries from the center to the circumference, the lens is divided into line segment chords across the lens.
+By way of specific example, reference is now made to FIG. 6 showing a comparison between the segment surface position for the distant focal portion of the lens and the near focal portion for a segmented aspheric bifocal lens made according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. In this example a lens is shown having a distant prescription of -5.25 diopters with a near vision portion add of +1.50 diopters, yielding a near portion vision having an absolute optical power of -3.75.
+In numerical form it can be seen that the step height difference between the segments is less for the aspheric surface than for the spherical lens surfaces. Given are the height of the far focal surface, the near focal surface and the difference between these two at the boundary for both aspherical and the spherical lens design as a function of position from the center of the lens.
+______________________________________Surface Height Comparison:aspheric distance & aspheric near contact lensPosition Far Near(mm) Surface Surface delta______________________________________0.00 -0.07000 -0.07000 0.000000.10 -0.06749 -0.06740 -0.000090.20 -0.06498 -0.06480 -0.000180.30 -0.06247 -0.06220 -0.000270.40 -0.05996 -0.05960 -0.000360.50 -0.05746 -0.05700 -0.000460.60 -0.04991 -0.04919 -0.000720.70 -0.04237 -0.04139 -0.000980.80 -0.03483 -0.03359 -0.001240.90 -0.02729 -0.02579 -0.001501.00 -0.01974 -0.01799 -0.001751.10 -0.00712 -0.00499 -0.002131.20 0.00550 0.00801 -0.002511.30 0.01812 0.02101 -0.002891.40 0.03074 0.03401 -0.003271.50 0.04336 0.04701 -0.003651.60 0.06114 0.06520 -0.004061.70 0.07892 0.08338 -0.004461.80 0.09670 0.10157 -0.004871.90 0.11448 0.11976 -0.005282.00 0.13226 0.13795 -0.005692.10 0.15531 0.16132 -0.006012.20 0.17836 0.18469 -0.006332.30 0.20141 0.20807 -0.006662.40 0.22446 0.23144 -0.006982.50 0.24751 0.25481 -0.007302.60 0.27598 0.28335 -0.007372.70 0.30446 0.31189 -0.007432.80 0.33293 0.34043 -0.007502.90 0.36140 0.36897 -0.007573.00 0.38988 0.39751 -0.007633.10 0.42397 0.43121 -0.007243.20 0.45806 0.46491 -0.006853.30 0.49215 0.49861 -0.006463.40 0.52624 0.53231 -0.006073.50 0.56033 0.56601 -0.005683.60 0.60029 0.60484 -0.004553.70 0.64025 0.64368 -0.003433.80 0.68021 0.68252 -0.002313.90 0.72016 0.72136 -0.001204.00 0.76012 0.76020 -0.00008______________________________________
+______________________________________Surface Height Comparisonspheric distance & spheric near contact lensPosition Far Near(mm) Surface Surface delta______________________________________0.00 -0.07000 -0.07000 0.000000.10 -0.06749 -0.06740 -0.000090.20 -0.06498 -0.06479 -0.000190.30 -0.06247 -0.06219 -0.000280.40 -0.05996 -0.05959 -0.000370.50 -0.05745 -0.05699 -0.000460.60 -0.04991 -0.04916 -0.000750.70 -0.04236 -0.04133 -0.001030.80 -0.03481 -0.03350 -0.001310.90 -0.02727 -0.02567 -0.001601.00 -0.01972 -0.01784 -0.001881.10 -0.00708 -0.00472 -0.002361.20 0.00557 0.00841 -0.002841.30 0.01821 0.02153 -0.002321.40 0.03085 0.03465 -0.003801.50 0.04349 0.04777 -0.004281.60 0.06133 0.06629 -0.004961.70 0.07917 0.08482 -0.005651.80 0.09700 0.10334 -0.006341.90 0.11484 0.12187 -0.007032.00 0.13268 0.14039 -0.007712.10 0.15585 0.16448 -0.008632.20 0.17903 0.18857 -0.009542.30 0.20220 0.21265 -0.010452.40 0.22538 0.23674 -0.011362.50 0.24855 0.26083 -0.012282.60 0.27726 0.29070 -0.013442.70 0.30597 0.32058 -0.014612.80 0.33468 0.35045 -0.015772.90 0.36339 0.38032 -0.016933.00 0.39210 0.41019 -0.018093.10 0.42660 0.44614 -0.019543.20 0.46110 0.48208 -0.020983.30 0.49559 0.51803 -0.022443.40 0.53009 0.55398 -0.023893.50 0.56459 0.58992 -0.025333.60 0.60520 0.63232 -0.027123.70 0.64582 0.67471 -0.028893.80 0.68643 0.71711 -0.030683.90 0.72705 0.75950 -0.032454.00 0.76766 0.80190 -0.03424______________________________________
+As can be appreciated by one skilled in the art making reference to my above referenced patent application describing the use of aspheric surfaces in eye lens design, the constant κ associated with a particular lens surface curvature is an important selection process. In the above example, the κ value used for establishing the aspherical curve for the near and distant vision surfaces in the aspheric lens design are different. The κ value for the distant portion is -0.2 and the κ value for the near portion is -1.06. These values are established for the present invention by design trial and error, but with the consideration the the κ value for the near portion should be approximately 1.00 and the κ for the far portion set to keep the lenticular junction difference at or near zero.
+Referring now to FIG. 7 there is shown in graphic form the step height difference between segments using aspherical lens surfaces. There is little improvement over the use of spherical lens surfaces near the center of the lens and the step height is small in any case. However, halfway between the center and the edge, about 3 millimeters from the center of the lens, there is a step of about 0.008 millimeters, for an improvement of about 0.011mm. At the edge the improvement is 0.034mm.
+In addition to providing less irritation to the cornea or eyelid, the decreased step differential and decreased center thickness allows increased local oxygenation of the cornea.
+The arcuate boundary between segments of a multifocal lens reduce the step height between segments by traversing a path at a substantial angle to the gradient formed by the two different heights of lens material rather than having a boundary that substantially follows the gradient between the two heights of the lens segments.
+Molding technology which allows precision molding of corrective eye lenses with high quality and repeatable optical surfaces now makes possible lenses with complex curvatures and surfaces. As can be appreciated by one skilled in the art, once the mold is made virtually any type of lens shape regardless of its complexity can be made repeatedly and with very little increase cost over simpler shapes.
+A lens of the above type is preferably manufactured by molding. In general, the molding process preferred is that described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,495,313 and 4,889,664. In this process, the lens surface mold to be made is not made on the surface that will immediately mold the lens but is made one step removed on a metal surface which is used to make a plastic styrene mold which is then used to make the lens. As used in this specification, the word "mold" is used to refer to any previous generation of mold used in making the lens, that is not only the surfaces used to make lens itself, but the surfaces used to make the molds that ultimately make the lens.
+The metal molds containing the multifocal segmented surfaces are made by selecting the appropriate lens powers from conventional spherical or aspherical molds. In the above example, these would be the surfaces corresponding to the -5.25 diopters and the surface corresponding to a -3.75 diopters.
+These mold surfaces would then be cut into segments which are similar and interchangeable. Preferably, making segment cuts which correspond to diameters of the lens surface through the center point of the lens. These metal molds are precision cut with wire electrodynamic machining devices to produce segments with very little material loss and extremely close fit by optical polishing of the cut walls.
+Molds produced in this way can be fitted together to produce a segmented multifocal lens and bonded to produce a surface that can be used to make a mold that ultimately makes the contact lens. These segments may be bonded together in making the contact lens mold and then separated for later reuse.
+Referring to FIG. 8, although it is an advantage of this invention that equal surface areas for both the near and distant focal lengths can be maintained independent of pupil diameter, it is possible to make a lens according to the present invention having a predetermined ratio of near and distant focal length areas as shown. This is sometimes advantageous because near vision is particularly difficult in low light conditions. With the lens shown in distant to near focal length independent of pupil diameter.
+Referring to FIG. 9, another embodiment of the invention is shown where the ratio between the area of near and distant focal length can be made to be a function of pupil diameter. In this instance, where the pupil diameter is small, there is an equal area of near and distant focal lengths. As the pupil diameter increases, however, such as under low light conditions, the ratio of near to distant focal length increase as can be readily seen and appreciated by one skilled in the art. It is easy to tailor not only the ratio of areas between near and distant focal length but also the point at which a transition is made and any of these configurations are easily manufactured by molding after the first lens mold is constructed as described above.
+In use the lens of the present invention gave results that were expected. A lens designed according to FIG. 1 was constructed for a presbyopic patient with the distant segment powers corresponding to his distance prescription and with an add power of +2.00 diopters. The actual lens construction was -5.50 diopters/minus -3.50 diopters of alternating spherical segments.
+Clinical results with this patient yield both distant and near acuity of 20/20. Stereopsis was measured to a small as 40 arc seconds. This number represent a clinically normal level of stereopsis found in emmetropes as well corrected ametropes, including presbyopes wearing corrective spectacles.
+The above description is given by way of example only and variation thereon can be practiced within the scope of the following claims.
+Effects of gaze stability exercises on cognitive function, dynamic postural ability, balance confidence, and subjective health status in old people with mild cognitive impairment
+Article information
+Abstract
+The purpose of this study was to determine whether gaze stability exercises would result in improvements of cognitive function, balance ability and subjective health status in old people with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Old people with MCI (n=9) and healthy old people (n=9) performed gaze stability exercises for 4 weeks. Pre and post Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function, Timed Up and Go test for dynamic postural ability, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence for balance confidence and subjective health status were measured in both groups. After participating in gaze stability exercises, all outcome measures were significantly improved in MCI group and normal group also improved significantly in all outcome measures with the exception of balance confidence. In addition, there were significant differences in cognitive function and balance confidence between the two groups, and more improvements in MCI group. These results provide evidence that gaze stability exercises is beneficial to improve cognitive function as well as balance ability which affected on quality of life in old people with and without MCI.
+INTRODUCTION
+Motor and sensory deteriorations are associated with aging and contribute significantly to the control of dynamic balance (Alexander, 1994; Grabiner and Enoka, 1995). Every year, more than 1/3 of old people experience a fall due to decreased postural stability (Tinetti et al., 1988). Additionally, cognitive functions are impaired with advancing age (Salthouse, 2009) and old people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a higher incidence of falls compared with healthy old people (Liu-Ambrose et al., 2008). As a result, both falls and cognitive impairments can be negatively affected on quality of life of old adults.
+Several studies have shown that cognitive and postural impairment are associated with falling (Anstey et al., 2006; Liu-Ambrose et al., 2008). According to Tinetti et al. (1988), old people with cognitive impairment are 5 times greater in odds ratio of falling compared with healthy old people. Many of authors emphasize that we should be aware of MCI as a predictor of falls (Delbaere et al., 2012; Liu-Ambrose et al., 2008). Although there were studies dedicated on cognitive rehabilitation program for patient with cognitive impairment (Kim, 2018; Simon et al., 2012), very little research has focused on fall prevention for old people with MCI. Thus, effective intervention programs may be necessary for preventing falling and dementia in old people with MCI because these people are not only highly at risk of dementia but highly at risk of fall as well (Delbaere et al., 2012).
+Recently, the effects of gaze stability exercises (GSEs) are becoming well known for improving balance of vestibular dysfunction patients in vestibular rehabilitation (Hall et al., 2010; Horning and Gorman, 2007). It has been established for eye movement exercises to improve balance ability and confidence (Park, 2017) and enhance cognitive function (Christman et al., 2003; Parker et al., 2008) respectively in several studies through facilitation of the brain activity and stabilization of one’s gaze. However, there is a lack of research on whether GSEs is a beneficial exercise for old people with MCI, not only improving cognitive functions but also ability to balance.
+Therefore, the purpose of this study was (a) to investigate the effects of GSEs on cognitive function, balance ability and subjective health status (SHS) in healthy old people with and without MCI and also (b) to determine whether GSEs is more effective for old people with MCI.
+MATERIALS AND METHODS
+Participants
+Old people with MCI (n=9, 78.9±5.8 years) and healthy old people (n=9, 74.3±5.9 years) participated for this study. They were recruited voluntarily at the Yeonsu Senior Center in Incheon and completed a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to divide into MCI group (18.3±3.4) and normal group (23.8±1.4). These two groups were matched for age, gender, and education. They had no prior history of neurological diseases and falling that could contribute to balance instability. Informed consent was obtained from the participants prior to participation in this study. Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Gachon University (1044396-201712-HR-216-01).
+GSE intervention
+We conducted GSEs described by Morimoto et al. (2011) and Park (2017). We reconstructed GSEs under the following five steps: (1) eyeball movement, (2) saccadic eye movement, (3) pursuit eye movement, (4) vergence eye movement, (5) vestibular-ocular reflex exercise. Participants were instructed to focus on the card held in their hands with their eyes when moving the target or their head to the left or right in individual’s eye level. The eyeball exercise included moving the eyes slowly to the left and right, up and down, rotation movement while closing the eyes. The saccadic eye movement exercise included moving the eyes as quickly as possible between the stationary targets with no head movement. The pursuit eye movement exercise included tracking the slowly moving target holding one hand with the eyes without head movement. The vergence eye movement exercise included tracking the moving target back and forth from 5 cm close at eye level to far as possible. The vestibular-ocular reflex exercise included moving the head from left to right while keeping the eyes on the stationary target. One hour session of GSEs included a warm up (10 min), GSEs (40 min), and a cool down (10 min). Participants performed GSEs twice a week for 4 weeks in a seated position (Fig. 1).
+Outcome measures
+MoCA was used to measure cognitive functions (Nasreddine et al., 2005). MoCA is a 30-point test and evaluates seven areas of cognitive domains: visuospatial ability, executive function, language skill, memory recall, attention, working memory, temporal and spatial orientation. A cut off score of 23 points is used for screening MCI and a higher score indicates better cognitive function.
+Timed Up and Go test was used to assess mobility and balance ability (Podsiadlo and Richardson, 1991). It is a simple test that measured time while subjects rise from a chair, walk for 3 m, turn, walk back and sit down. It has been validated as a predictor of falls (Bischoff et al., 2003; Shumway-Cook et al., 2000). A value lesser than 12 sec is considered high risk of falling in older community-dwelling women.
+Activities-specific Balance Confidence was used to measure balance confidence during daily activities such as transferring, bending, and walking (Powell and Myers, 1995). It is a 16-item questionnaire with the scale from 0 (not confidence) to 100 (completely confidence). A higher score indicates better confidence in maintaining balance with the total score >80% (high level), 50%–80% (medium level), and <50% (low level). Cronbach α for this study was 0.97.
+Subjective Health Status was used to measure SHS (Speake et al., 1989). It is a 4-item questionnaire with the scale from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). A higher score represents a better health status. Cronbach α was 0.87 in this study. All outcome measurements were measured to identify the effects of gaze stability before and after intervention (Fig. 2).
+Statistical analysis
+IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for all analysis. Paired t-test was used to evaluate pre-post differences of cognitive function, dynamic postural ability, balance confidence and SHS within the group. Independent t-test was used to analyze the difference of variables after intervention between groups. The level of statistical significance was accepted at P<0.05.
+RESULTS
+Correlation between variables
+There was a significantly positive correlation 0.64 between SHS and balance confidence while a negative correlation −0.65 between cognitive function and dynamic postural ability (P<0.01) (Table 1).
+Cognitive function
+The paired t-test revealed that cognitive function was significantly increased after intervention in both MCI group (P<0.01) and normal group (P<0.001). The independent t-test showed that MCI group had significant increase compared to normal group (P<0.05).
+Dynamic postural ability
+The paired t-test revealed that dynamic postural ability was significantly increased in both MCI group (P<0.001) and normal group (P<0.01). Whereas dynamic postural ability was increased in both groups after intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between groups by the independent t-test (Table 2).
+Balance confidence
+The paired t-test revealed that balance confidence was significantly increased in MCI group (P<0.01) while no significant difference in normal group. The independent t-test showed that MCI group had significant increase compared to normal group (P<0.05) (Table 2).
+DISCUSSION
+There have been many research focused on benefits of cognitive rehabilitation programs for old people with MCI. Recently, MCI was found not only highly at risk of dementia but also as a predictor of falling (Delbaere et al., 2012). However, there has been very little research on fall prevention exercise for old people with MCI. Thus, this study applied and examined the GSE as an effective tool for both cognitive function and balance ability in old people with MCI. Furthermore, we assumed that GSE led to the greater improvement for old people with MCI compared with healthy old people.