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\n How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal Congressional Research Service 1
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\nDeveloping a Grant Proposal
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\nPreparation
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\nA well-formed grant proposal is one that is carefully prepared, thoughtfully planned, and concisely packaged. The potential applicant generally seeks first to become familiar with all of the pertinent program criteria of the funding institution. Before developing a proposal, the  potential applicant may refer to the information contact listed in the agency or foundation  program description to learn whether funding is available, when applicable deadlines occur, and the process used by the grantor agency or private foundation for accepting applications. Grant seekers should know that the basic requirements, application forms, information, and  procedures vary among grant-making agencies and foundations. Federal agencies and large foundations may have formal application packets, strict guidelines, and fixed deadlines with which applicants must comply, while smaller foundations may operate more informally and even  provide assistance to inexperienced grantseekers. However, the steps outlined in this report generally apply to any grant-seeking effort. Individuals without prior grant proposal writing experience may find it useful to attend a grantsmanship class or workshop. Applicants interested in locating workshops or consulting more resources on grantsmanship and proposal development should consult the Internet sites listed at the end of this report and explore other resources in their local libraries. Local governments may obtain grant writing assistance from a state’s office of Council of Governments (CSG) or Regional Council. The primary mission of CSG is to promote and strengthen state government in the federal system by providing staff services to organizations of state officials. Grassroots or small faith-based nonprofit organizations can seek the help and advice of larger, more seasoned nonprofit organizations or foundations in their state.
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\nDeveloping Ideas for the Proposal
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\nThe first step in proposal planning is the development of a clear, concise description of the  proposed project. To develop a convincing proposal for project funding, the project must fit into the philosophy and mission of the grant-seeking organization or agency; and the need that the  proposal is addressing must be well documented and well articulated. Typically, funding agencies or foundations will want to know that a proposed activity or project reinforces the overall mission of an organization or grant seeker, and that the project is necessary. To make a compelling case, the following should be included in the proposal:
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\n Nature of the project, its goals, needs, and anticipated outcomes;
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\nHow the project will be conducted;
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\nTimetable for completion;
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\nHow best to evaluate the results (performance measures);
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