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In popular understanding, cloning is usually ...</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="9dc946c4-b2ef-45e8"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="41787e92-87cb-4431">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="7b480be7-079d-4a25">https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/science-and...and.../<b data-webtasks-id="cc6c2f1f-ecd1-492a">biotechnology</b></div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="8ed9e2cd-592e-47ee"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/science-and-technology/genetics-and-genetic-engineering-biographies/biotechnology" data-webtasks-id="6fab3b40-4b9a-4add"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-watermark" data-webtasks-id="be659b7c-42d5-48e4"><a href="http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxsearch/faq.html" class="gs-watermark" target="_blank" data-webtasks-id="31091122-2723-4d0c">clipped from Google - 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7/2023</a></div></div><div class="gsc-webResult gsc-result" data-webtasks-id="d9674e64-c109-4bc5"><div class="gs-webResult gs-result" data-webtasks-id="1ad3e3ea-a9b4-44ee"><div class="gsc-thumbnail-inside" data-webtasks-id="c2b6be13-fb30-4ba6"><div class="gs-title" data-webtasks-id="3560ee9f-79c5-49f4"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1g9PtPPH2Hs_uAQnzi1niC" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology" data-webtasks-id="35d6e6a5-f24e-4e7b">The Emergence of <b data-webtasks-id="9d52903b-2541-425d">Biotechnology</b> | Encyclopedia.com</a></div></div><div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="bd7b5657-a261-4acb"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="5ac16fda-2685-439b">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="405ae448-3f54-49c8">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/...and.../emergence-<b data-webtasks-id="037b0df8-d6e3-443f">biotechnology</b></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="3609dbe3-901a-4bea"><span data-webtasks-id="83a5eaa3-2196-4563">www.encyclopedia.com</span><span data-webtasks-id="2c0975c8-8270-4bb6"> › science</span><span data-webtasks-id="3ea6aae7-5ed7-476c"> › emergence-biotechnology</span></div></div><div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="4247f58b-e06c-4e4a"><div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="fd02cda3-cd77-4d4c"><div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="b99c1b4c-2033-4482"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1g9PtPPH2Hs_uAQnzi1niC" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology" data-webtasks-id="36b0d561-2af6-4108">The Emergence of <b data-webtasks-id="a4e9e8ae-6851-4f23">Biotechnology</b> | Encyclopedia.com</a></div><div data-webtasks-id="0c5076bd-9a7d-49c7"><span data-webtasks-id="263a0130-5910-420f"></span></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="7e650b49-7484-4421">Today, <b data-webtasks-id="7027635d-a652-440d">biotechnology</b> and molecular biological techniques, once strictly confined to the realm of geneticists and molecular biologists, ...</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="91e500cd-1172-4383"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="0592897f-13d3-4ae3">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="487b54e3-2151-43bc">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/...and.../emergence-<b data-webtasks-id="cd28e691-228f-4d5b">biotechnology</b></div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="90e2ccbd-fd0d-4ffa"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/emergence-biotechnology" data-webtasks-id="491f6f8e-949d-4887"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-watermark" data-webtasks-id="4f400c3e-b093-43ce"><a href="http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxsearch/faq.html" class="gs-watermark" target="_blank" data-webtasks-id="869e12b7-ad99-49ad">clipped from Google - 7/2023</a></div></div><div class="gsc-webResult gsc-result" data-webtasks-id="d14733df-7e49-4497"><div class="gs-webResult gs-result" data-webtasks-id="9900ea31-a41a-4a45"><div class="gsc-thumbnail-inside" data-webtasks-id="398fdcf5-3887-4389"><div class="gs-title" data-webtasks-id="7a701339-77a1-4fab"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAgQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1w-U4gG4c5eMnAaCNyBitl" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history" data-webtasks-id="9dd67e24-acac-4aaf"><b data-webtasks-id="7313b08a-f2db-4435">Biotechnology</b> and Genetic Engineering, History of | Encyclopedia.com</a></div></div><div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="9e4de020-51f4-4a88"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="d550ff6c-357b-4496">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="5a5a2fcc-d864-4cba">https://www.encyclopedia.com/.../<b data-webtasks-id="e5e0b0ed-cdc2-44fe">biotechnology</b>-and-genetic-engineering- history</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="053f040b-c93e-4c11"><span data-webtasks-id="88f5e129-4a1d-4e30">www.encyclopedia.com</span><span data-webtasks-id="d6ef105f-1d9b-4eed"> › medicine</span><span data-webtasks-id="3c935d74-4f5d-4a96"> › medical-magazines</span><span data-webtasks-id="89d8a167-9869-4616"> › biotechnolo...</span></div></div><div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="9976d487-f21f-4447"><div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="d0e445bb-60e0-402d"><div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="f0990648-3185-43d8"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAgQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1w-U4gG4c5eMnAaCNyBitl" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history" data-webtasks-id="cece2456-d937-4d0d"><b data-webtasks-id="bd998bb4-b3ae-4a63">Biotechnology</b> and Genetic Engineering, History of | Encyclopedia.com</a></div><div data-webtasks-id="06714a68-b34a-492e"><span data-webtasks-id="e639f217-36b2-49f8"></span></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="9bb613b7-34a0-4b48"><b data-webtasks-id="1416a634-99de-4978">Biotechnology</b> and Genetic Engineering, History of The term "<b data-webtasks-id="efaa0883-bbbd-4e61">biotechnology</b>" dates from 1919, when the Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky first used it to mean ...</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="d4aa873b-ee60-4520"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="3afba908-fec5-4b80">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="d5795286-ee8b-4858">https://www.encyclopedia.com/.../<b data-webtasks-id="23bd2456-b1a6-4953">biotechnology</b>-and-genetic-engineering- history</div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="41ba24b8-b72a-42ca"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-and-genetic-engineering-history" data-webtasks-id="6302fa61-340e-4132"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-watermark" data-webtasks-id="a9897ea5-a53b-4333"><a href="http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxsearch/faq.html" class="gs-watermark" target="_blank" data-webtasks-id="04dc4278-b871-4e32">clipped from Google - 7/2023</a></div></div><div class="gsc-webResult gsc-result" data-webtasks-id="c0b27b26-291e-4a5a"><div class="gs-webResult gs-result" data-webtasks-id="3dd77b13-f707-4c97"><div class="gsc-thumbnail-inside" data-webtasks-id="da185f79-08d3-49c8"><div class="gs-title" data-webtasks-id="75dd006c-fbec-4f15"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAMQAQ&usg=AOvVaw33pJd14baY74x4oHNp5c2e" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues" data-webtasks-id="2552392a-9bbb-4f4d"><b data-webtasks-id="776b66ca-309b-4527">Biotechnology</b>: Ethical Issues | Encyclopedia.com</a></div></div><div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="cb6f1b5b-1e37-4576"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="ddb04356-9ee4-4362">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="624388eb-b5dc-436a">https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/.../<b data-webtasks-id="2425420c-89d1-44be">biotechnology</b>-ethical-issues</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="db96b819-b379-4364"><span data-webtasks-id="43bc9f1e-5dc1-433a">www.encyclopedia.com</span><span data-webtasks-id="b902f6ed-f1eb-43ec"> › medicine</span><span data-webtasks-id="50545659-3466-449b"> › biotechnology-ethical-issues</span></div></div><div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="0b6a55ae-a871-4b25"><div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="d3880dc8-63de-45a1"><div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="31297f20-c1a4-4f59"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAMQAQ&usg=AOvVaw33pJd14baY74x4oHNp5c2e" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues" data-webtasks-id="7149d48b-e0a0-476e"><b data-webtasks-id="fa0b6d4c-bb37-47c0">Biotechnology</b>: Ethical Issues | Encyclopedia.com</a></div><div data-webtasks-id="fff19f5e-182e-441b"><span data-webtasks-id="693a7e81-7378-4296"></span></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="47959bc4-ab2a-48ed"><b data-webtasks-id="20c8ed74-cc33-46fb">Biotechnology</b>: Ethical Issues <b data-webtasks-id="7483e808-7479-4cc6">Biotechnology</b> is the use of organisms or their parts or products to provide a valuable substance or process.</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="8383eeab-a73e-4854"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="5ba8b882-63e3-4a17">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="728e70fb-cfee-458e">https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/.../<b data-webtasks-id="a4e9c2a2-83cb-4a8a">biotechnology</b>-ethical-issues</div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="ddc28e54-3525-4a5d"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/medical-magazines/biotechnology-ethical-issues" data-webtasks-id="e70944b9-f2e6-47b5"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-watermark" data-webtasks-id="fe1f7af3-055b-4b7c"><a href="http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxsearch/faq.html" class="gs-watermark" target="_blank" data-webtasks-id="f3371051-8f7c-454c">clipped from Google - 7/2023</a></div></div><div class="gsc-webResult gsc-result" data-webtasks-id="3de65a3b-9449-4d01"><div class="gs-webResult gs-result" data-webtasks-id="e67ee73c-b0db-4c9d"><div class="gsc-thumbnail-inside" data-webtasks-id="3e06203c-a4d2-478c"><div class="gs-title" data-webtasks-id="dc967945-1b47-4791"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAUQAQ&usg=AOvVaw2RG-aFFDvL91ok587VbQKQ" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business" data-webtasks-id="58bb667c-8c63-4f4e">The Rise of <b data-webtasks-id="148bb61e-7bab-4e8d">Biotechnology</b> as Big Business | Encyclopedia.com</a></div></div><div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="aadfe440-4a36-4b4a"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="3cd50c18-abe5-41e3">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="b618a537-2e29-49a3">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/.../rise-<b data-webtasks-id="14ada6ff-16af-49a3">biotechnology</b>-big-business</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="e14fb419-0381-4913"><span data-webtasks-id="b29da6b4-1eed-4836">www.encyclopedia.com</span><span data-webtasks-id="f4aa90fc-87b0-4e3d"> › science</span><span data-webtasks-id="dafe6186-bc78-458d"> › rise-biotechnology-big-business</span></div></div><div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="0c79528b-710b-4d5d"><div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="1742e006-54a9-4423"><div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="940ce50a-5488-4eaa"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAUQAQ&usg=AOvVaw2RG-aFFDvL91ok587VbQKQ" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business" data-webtasks-id="077e1ed0-f09f-42ec">The Rise of <b data-webtasks-id="139bd76c-0ac4-4152">Biotechnology</b> as Big Business | Encyclopedia.com</a></div><div data-webtasks-id="2c63c650-d472-44d3"><span data-webtasks-id="3dabd86d-c1fa-44f6"></span></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="ea3e45c3-9c18-4868"><b data-webtasks-id="e8d9da33-db17-4332">Biotechnology's</b> birth, however, was not without labor pains. Reacting to fears, Congress had sixteen bills introduced to regulate recombinant DNA research, but ...</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="44f0b4ef-34ca-4829"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="afbc5530-5f2c-4606">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="fc7ad7e1-be38-4c6b">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/.../rise-<b data-webtasks-id="e460b448-c73b-474f">biotechnology</b>-big-business</div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="53f17640-0ab7-4dc9"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rise-biotechnology-big-business" data-webtasks-id="b9d25550-d3c6-48bd"></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-watermark" data-webtasks-id="718badbd-5ba7-4a8d"><a 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data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/biotech-ethics" data-webtasks-id="78ad5def-3669-4d76">Biotech Ethics | Encyclopedia.com</a></div></div><div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="21a18685-418e-4e11"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="269449a7-a34d-4717">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="b3942d92-cca7-4b60">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias...and.../biotech-ethics</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="18aeae84-fd5a-4b22"><span data-webtasks-id="bd45d215-95f7-48a4">www.encyclopedia.com</span><span data-webtasks-id="7aece3bf-96d1-4aff"> › science</span><span data-webtasks-id="2df5a80c-7405-4038"> › biotech-ethics</span></div></div><div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="a68d055c-ab5e-47fb"><div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="d33c84c4-d288-4514"><div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="d5f64856-af13-4baa"><a class="gs-title" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/biotech-ethics" target="_parent" dir="ltr" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&cx=partner-pub-8594935838850960:3418779728&q=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/biotech-ethics&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwiesfX-pPz_AhWC4DgGHeveC58QFnoECAAQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1g6iuszlmtEawZ6PyPomuZ" data-ctorig="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/biotech-ethics" data-webtasks-id="356b5387-02a2-4a1f">Biotech Ethics | Encyclopedia.com</a></div><div data-webtasks-id="c2f14bed-0396-4fdb"><span data-webtasks-id="c0ae8c0d-049f-4df6"></span></div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="166852bf-744d-4ee6"><b data-webtasks-id="04460fd0-ae32-4430">Biotechnology</b> can be defined as the technical manipulation of living organisms or parts of those organisms to provide products and services to satisfy human ...</div><div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="d275c19b-d7c6-4e4f"><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" dir="ltr" data-webtasks-id="9d6b29a7-90b4-45a4">www.encyclopedia.com</div><div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" dir="ltr" style="word-break:break-all;" data-webtasks-id="ce4e77a8-6db4-4889">https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias...and.../biotech-ethics</div></div><div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="0f89d6f7-7003-4bb3"></div><div class="gs-per-result-labels" url="https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/biotech-ethics" 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100%;"></td></tr></tbody></table><iframe src="https://ads.adthrive.com/builds/core/e1eb55f/html/topics.html" id="adthrive-topics-api" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="84bfba87-ed2a-4778"></iframe><iframe src="https://ads.adthrive.com/builds/core/e1eb55f/html/rnf.html" id="adthrive-mcmp" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="2156b965-3139-4303"></iframe><iframe id="__uspapiLocator" name="__uspapiLocator" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="c4d0fcf7-3813-4a3f"></iframe><div class="adthrive-comscore adthrive-footer-message" data-webtasks-id="b3fdb801-f019-4f0a"><span data-webtasks-id="a12b8d11-6ee5-472a">A Raptive Partner Site</span></div> <div style="display:none" data-webtasks-id="9d595922-2db2-40cb"> <span id="private_ratings" data-webtasks-id="eac7463a-5571-413d"> <span class="gsc-snippet-metadata" data-webtasks-id="f883d788-1092-4063"> <span data-if="Vars.ratingstars" data-webtasks-id="d0a28cf1-ea5f-4cb0"> <span class="gsc-rating-bar" data-webtasks-id="e3a84066-ab95-4df0"> <span data-attr="{style:'width:' + (Vars.ratingstars * 20) + '%'}" data-webtasks-id="86ca0691-2369-46cc"></span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.ratingcount" data-webtasks-id="ff0fbf5a-c091-4272"> <span data-body="' ' + Vars.ratingcount" data-webtasks-id="4445b403-ef3a-429f"></span> <span data-webtasks-id="5e4e0bbf-2c92-4caa"> reviews</span> </span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.totaltime" data-webtasks-id="c605c653-5654-4930"> <span data-if="Vars.ratingstars && Vars.ratingcount" data-webtasks-id="43dd7f4c-270b-410b"> - </span> <span data-body="Vars.totaltime" data-webtasks-id="05aff509-9491-43b7"></span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.calories" data-webtasks-id="b6dabad0-03e5-4090"> <span data-if="Vars.ratingstars && Vars.ratingcount || Vars.totaltime" data-webtasks-id="e0da04b2-ce24-42a7"> - </span> <span data-body="Vars.calories" data-webtasks-id="4284da19-f36e-4042"></span> <span data-webtasks-id="b6235ea8-0d50-48ed"> cal</span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.pricerange" data-webtasks-id="2aae7512-aa8b-4502"> <span data-if="Vars.ratingstars && Vars.ratingcount || Vars.totaltime || Vars.calories" data-webtasks-id="cb056faa-adb8-4991"> - </span> <span data-webtasks-id="8efa7f9b-a75f-4347"> Price range: </span> <span data-body="Vars.pricerange" data-webtasks-id="9019c123-a31c-4727"></span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.reviewer" class="gsc-reviewer" data-webtasks-id="f80639ea-4155-4bcb"> <span data-body="' ' + Vars.reviewer" data-webtasks-id="2dd11b78-9379-4ade"></span> </span> </span> </span> <span id="private_hproduct" data-webtasks-id="43401d6f-9aa6-4abf"> <span class="gsc-snippet-metadata" data-webtasks-id="345f1110-afee-4585"> <span data-if="Vars.availability" data-webtasks-id="b12be818-269a-4bba">Availability: <span data-body="Vars.availability" data-webtasks-id="c1f9f358-4458-47d9"></span>.</span> <span data-if="Vars.availability && Vars.price" data-webtasks-id="6b79a881-4af5-4d31"> </span> <span data-if="Vars.price" data-webtasks-id="84ee20e6-6870-494e"> Price: <span data-body="Vars.price" data-webtasks-id="cae6a859-3fb4-4138"></span>.</span> </span> </span> <span id="private_hrecipe" data-webtasks-id="752e14ea-5327-4f4d"> <span data-if="Vars.author" class="gsc-author" data-webtasks-id="eb17a4ac-3662-44d2"> <span data-body="' ' + Vars.author" data-webtasks-id="795b7d3d-6865-492b"></span> </span> </span> <span id="private_recipe" data-webtasks-id="88004076-3791-4f8c"> <span data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_ratings',google.search.richsnippets.merge(richSnippet.recipe))" data-webtasks-id="485536e0-6a7d-4f9f"> </span> <span data-if="Vars.richSnippet.hrecipe && Vars.richSnippet.hrecipe.author && !Vars.richSnippet.recipe.reviewer" data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_hrecipe',richSnippet.hrecipe)" data-webtasks-id="1803a613-87ef-47ef"> </span> </span> <span id="private_person" data-webtasks-id="050a3a5b-b846-44b7"> <span data-vars="{vcard:google.search.richsnippets.merge(Vars.richSnippet.vcard)}" data-webtasks-id="e82ab4e0-6b54-4bb7"> <span data-if="Vars.richSnippet.vcard && vcard.adr" data-webtasks-id="fd8fa63d-a0b4-4d7d"> <span data-if="vcard.adr" class="gs-location" data-webtasks-id="29b86e55-99f3-472a"> <span data-body="' ' + vcard.adr" data-webtasks-id="5c5f8a64-b00c-4900"> </span> </span> </span> <span data-elif="Vars.richSnippet.person" data-webtasks-id="723acd18-e21f-406e"> <span data-if="person.role" class="gsc-role" data-webtasks-id="c37283ba-2366-405b"> <span data-attr="0" data-body="' ' + person.role" data-webtasks-id="1e705742-e4d0-48d4"> </span> </span> <span data-if="person.org" class="gsc-org" data-webtasks-id="0b184660-339d-457b"> <span data-body="' @' + person.org" data-webtasks-id="6890fbb6-c7de-4eea"> </span> </span> <span data-if="person.location" class="gsc-location" data-webtasks-id="e3544bab-63a5-4c4f"> <span data-if="person.org || person.role || Vars.richSnippet.review" data-webtasks-id="4b866c18-881a-4095"> - </span> <span data-body="' ' + person.location" data-webtasks-id="24671bfa-858b-4d6d"> </span> </span> </span> <span data-if="Vars.richSnippet.vcard && vcard.tel" class="gsc-tel" data-webtasks-id="4f36feb2-a6ba-40de"> <span data-if="(person && (person.org || person.role || Vars.richSnippet.review || person.location)) || (Vars.richSnippet.vcard && vcard.adr) " data-webtasks-id="0757de84-2a83-4670"> - </span> <span data-body="' Tel: ' + vcard.tel" data-webtasks-id="6bbf4186-9723-4a58"> </span> </span> </span> </span> <span id="private_metadata" class="gsc-snippet-metadata" data-webtasks-id="1502aec0-b1f2-40b6"> <span data-vars="{person:google.search.richsnippets.merge(Vars.richSnippet.person), product:google.search.richsnippets.merge(Vars.richSnippet.hproduct)}" data-webtasks-id="22b63146-7643-4b2f"> <span data-if="Vars.richSnippet.recipe" data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_recipe', Vars)" data-webtasks-id="ca5bb0fe-bb56-425f"> </span> <span data-elif="Vars.richSnippet.review" data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_ratings',google.search.richsnippets.merge(richSnippet.review))" data-webtasks-id="c5440ffb-522d-4852"> </span> <span data-if="Vars.richSnippet.hproduct && (product.availability || product.price)" data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_hproduct', product)" data-webtasks-id="f730f4d8-a765-48fa"> </span> <span data-elif="Vars.richSnippet.person || Vars.richSnippet.vcard" data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_person', Vars)" data-webtasks-id="7f1aeb0a-30e0-45f5"> </span> </span> </span> <div id="base_facets" data-webtasks-id="d2f368f1-8303-4da8"> <div class="gsc-context-box" data-facetgroup="title" data-webtasks-id="1627a5a9-5dfb-44fb"> </div> </div> <div id="base_facetGroupEntry" data-webtasks-id="50ac73ff-374f-4182"> <div data-webtasks-id="5fd880d8-dd6a-4a9a"> <div class="gsc-facet-label gsc-col" style="display:inline-block;" data-webtasks-id="6941ebec-0315-44f1"> <a data-attr="{'data-refinementLabel': label, 'label-with-op': label_with_op}" data-body="anchor" data-webtasks-id="a8eb638c-e8bd-4092"></a> </div> <div class="gsc-facet-result gsc-col" data-body="html(width + '%')" style="display:inline-block;" data-webtasks-id="dfc13840-0a81-4f90"> </div> <div data-attr="{'class': index == 'first' ? 'gsc-chart gsc-top gsc-col' : index == 'last' ? 'gsc-chart gsc-bottom gsc-col' : index == 'sizeone' ? 'gsc-chart gsc-bottom gsc-col gsc-top' : 'gsc-chart gsc-col'}" style="display:inline-block;" data-webtasks-id="31d6cfaa-cf79-429e"> <div class="" data-attr="{style:'width:' + width + '%'}" data-webtasks-id="13020386-b3dd-4b8d"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="base_webResult" data-webtasks-id="5d501317-338d-4b9d"> <div class="gs-webResult gs-result" data-vars="{longUrl:function() { var i = unescapedUrl.indexOf(visibleUrl); return i < 1 ? visibleUrl : unescapedUrl.substring(i);}}" data-webtasks-id="577b743e-f322-436b"> <div class="gsc-thumbnail-inside" data-webtasks-id="8582972e-d800-45c0"> <div class="gs-title" data-webtasks-id="452c1067-8d2d-43b2"> <a class="gs-title" data-attr="{href:unescapedUrl,target:target,dir:bidiHtmlDir(title)}" data-body="html(title)" data-webtasks-id="474f255a-0e8a-4fd0"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="gsc-url-top" data-webtasks-id="0a26f7fc-b596-40ce"> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" data-body="visibleUrl" data-attr="{dir:bidiTextDir(visibleUrl)}" data-webtasks-id="a0463cda-417f-4915"> </div> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" data-body="Vars.formattedUrl ? html(Vars.formattedUrl) : longUrl()" data-attr="{dir: Vars.formattedUrl ? bidiHtmlDir(Vars.formattedUrl) : bidiTextDir(longUrl()), style:'word-break:break-all;'}" data-webtasks-id="113a2ebb-8d98-469d"> </div> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-breadcrumb" data-webtasks-id="449de7af-4e8e-4c43"> <span data-body="(Vars.richSnippet && Vars.richSnippet.metatags && Vars.richSnippet.metatags.ogSiteName) || (Vars.breadcrumbUrl && Vars.breadcrumbUrl.host) || visibleUrl" data-webtasks-id="94643c71-f87f-42a9"></span> <span data-if="Vars.breadcrumbUrl.crumbs" data-foreach="Vars.breadcrumbUrl.crumbs" data-body="' › ' + Cur" data-webtasks-id="656a3c12-a77a-40f2"></span> </div> </div> <div class="gsc-table-result" data-webtasks-id="4e007e82-0521-4d80"> <div data-if="Vars.richSnippet" data-attr="0" data-body="render('thumbnail',richSnippet,{url:unescapedUrl,target:target})" data-webtasks-id="06d715a2-5e52-498e"> </div> <div class="gsc-table-cell-snippet-close" data-webtasks-id="3655a846-92ac-4466"> <div class="gs-title gsc-table-cell-thumbnail gsc-thumbnail-left" data-webtasks-id="7145eff1-fff1-4bf0"> <a class="gs-title" data-attr="{href:unescapedUrl,target:target,dir:bidiHtmlDir(title)}" data-body="html(title)" data-webtasks-id="4f0c1836-548d-4408"> </a> </div> <div class="gs-fileFormat" data-if="Vars.fileFormat" data-webtasks-id="2cbad799-eb14-4e1c"> <span class="gs-fileFormat" data-body="localizedMessages['file-format'] + ' '" data-webtasks-id="f2d01c83-ad92-447e"></span> <span class="gs-fileFormatType" data-body="Vars.fileFormat" data-webtasks-id="5094dcb1-4050-4952"></span> </div> <div data-if="google.search.CurrentLocale == 'en' && Vars.richSnippet" data-webtasks-id="15315e37-5154-4b35"> <span data-attr="0" data-body="render('private_metadata', Vars)" data-webtasks-id="0c75469a-cad6-4827"> </span> </div> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-snippet" data-body="html(content)" data-attr="{dir:bidiHtmlDir(content)}" data-webtasks-id="9f3470bd-23b5-458d"> </div> <div class="gsc-url-bottom" data-webtasks-id="2e560770-7af5-4802"> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-short" data-body="visibleUrl" data-attr="{dir:bidiTextDir(visibleUrl)}" data-webtasks-id="193b38f7-1f1c-4400"> </div> <div class="gs-bidi-start-align gs-visibleUrl gs-visibleUrl-long" data-body="Vars.formattedUrl ? html(Vars.formattedUrl) : longUrl()" data-attr="{dir: Vars.formattedUrl ? bidiHtmlDir(Vars.formattedUrl) : bidiTextDir(longUrl()), style:'word-break:break-all;'}" data-webtasks-id="b3d3c7a6-dabc-4f7c"> </div> </div> <div data-if="Vars.richSnippet && Vars.richSnippet.action" class="gs-actions" data-body="render('action',richSnippet,{url:unescapedUrl,target:target})" data-webtasks-id="461a2040-279b-493c"> </div> <div class="gs-richsnippet-box" style="display: none;" data-webtasks-id="deabec3a-eefa-47a6"> </div> <div class="gs-per-result-labels" data-attr="{url:unescapedUrl}" data-webtasks-id="949779a4-5145-4b56"> <span data-body="localizedMessages['labeled']" data-if="Vars.perResultLabels" data-webtasks-id="d0d208a7-6215-42fa"></span> <div data-foreach="Vars.perResultLabels" data-attr="0" data-if="Vars.perResultLabels" data-webtasks-id="d7ba4738-3142-4f98"> <a class="gs-label" data-attr="{'data-refinementLabel': Cur['label'], 'label-with-op': Cur['label_with_op'], 'dir' : bidiTextDir(Cur.anchor)}" data-body="Cur.anchor" data-webtasks-id="a9dca740-d7b1-4012"></a> <span data-body="bidiTextMarkAfter(Cur.anchor)" data-webtasks-id="fdc82697-c822-4656"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="base_imageResult_image" data-webtasks-id="8b4dc3e0-d758-45f4"><a data-attr="{ 'class':imageClass }" data-webtasks-id="77564778-9d4f-47d0"><img data-attr="{ 'src':Vars.tbLargeUrl || Vars.tbMedUrl || Vars.tbUrl, 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gs-ellipsis gsc-url-bottom" data-attr="{title:visibleUrl, dir:bidiTextDir(visibleUrl)}" data-body="visibleUrl" data-webtasks-id="7d143834-e3c6-42a7"></div></div> <div id="base_imageResult_content" data-webtasks-id="9941a53d-ed45-4f9e"><div data-body="render('base_imageResult_image', Vars)" class="gs-image-box" data-webtasks-id="1eeeeefd-0525-45e0"></div><div data-body="render('base_imageResult_text', Vars)" class="gs-text-box gs-ellipsis" data-webtasks-id="7963e922-0de4-46b9"></div></div> <div id="base_imageResult_popup" data-webtasks-id="333af7de-4cd6-4194"><div class="gs-result gs-imageResult gs-imageResult-popup" data-webtasks-id="81faee3d-51fd-4637"><div class="gs-image-thumbnail-box" data-webtasks-id="bbbe45a1-86c7-47f1"><div data-body="render('base_imageResult_image', Vars, { imageClass: 'gs-image gs-image-scalable' })" class="gs-image-box" data-webtasks-id="7ddbb187-842a-49e7"></div></div><div data-body="render('base_imageResult_content', Vars, { imageClass: 'gs-image' })" 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