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Frixa Frixa (, before 1916: Ανεμοχωράκιον - Anemochorakion) is a village in the municipal unit of Skillounta, Elis, Greece. In 2011 its population was 200 for the village and 309 for the community, which includes the village Anemochoraki. Frixa is on a hill near the left bank of the river Alfeios, 2 km northeast of Skillountia, 7 km southeast of Olympia and 8 km northeast of Krestena. Population History Phrixa was a hilltop town in the ancient land of Pisa. The town was already ruined in Pausanias' days (2nd century AD). It had a temple of Cydonian Athena. It was said that the temple was founded by Clymenus from Kydonia in Crete, a descendant of Heracles of Ida. See also List of settlements in Elis References External links Frixa at the GTP Travel Pages Category:Cities in ancient Peloponnese Category:Skillounta Category:Populated places in Elis |
Bad Girls Club (season 14) Bad Girls Club: Back for More is the fourteenth season of the Oxygen reality television series Bad Girls Club. It premiered on August 11, 2015 and concluded on November 3, 2015. This is the seventh edition of Bad Girls Club to film in Los Angeles. Life coach Laura Baron returns for a third season. Cast Original Bad Girls Replacement Bad Girls In each season of the Bad Girls Club, one or more girls are asked to leave the house either from violence, physical fighting, or she may leave on her own accord, which then gives the producers a chance at a new "bad girl" who arrives to the house in a couple of days to replace the bad girl who was removed or left. Duration of cast Table key = "Bad Girl" is featured on this episode. = "Bad Girl" voluntarily leaves the house. = "Bad Girl" is removed from the house. Notes Episodes References External links Category:2015 American television seasons Category:Bad Girls Club seasons Category:Television shows set in Los Angeles |
Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica (Q) A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z Quiroga Ridge, Livingston Island See also Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica External links Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica with place-name search. L. Ivanov. Bulgarian toponymic presence in Antarctica. Polar Week at the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia, 2–6 December 2019 Bibliography J. Stewart. Antarctica: An Encyclopedia. Jefferson, N.C. and London: McFarland, 2011. 1771 pp. L. Ivanov. Bulgarian Names in Antarctica. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2019. 525 pp. (in Bulgarian) Antarctica Category:Antarctica-related lists Category:Names of places in Antarctica |
Stars and Bars (1917 film) Stars and Bars is a 1917 American silent film comedy produced by Mack Sennett. It was directed by Victor Heerman. The film starred Ford Sterling and Harry Gribbon. Also appearing were Nick Cogley, May Emory, Hugh Fay, and Gene Rogers. References External links Category:1917 films Category:American films Category:American silent short films Category:American black-and-white films Category:1910s comedy films Category:1910s short films Category:American comedy films Category:Films directed by Victor Heerman Category:Comedy short films |
Philip D'Souza Philip D'Souza (born 30 October 1935) is a Kenyan field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics. References Category:1935 births Category:Living people Category:Kenyan male field hockey players Category:Olympic field hockey players of Kenya Category:Field hockey players at the 1972 Summer Olympics Category:Place of birth missing (living people) |
Battle of Lübeck The Battle of Lübeck took place on 6 November 1806 in Lübeck, Germany between soldiers of the Kingdom of Prussia led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, who were retreating from defeat at the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt, and troops of the First French Empire under Marshals Murat, Bernadotte, and Soult, who were pursuing them. In this War of the Fourth Coalition action, the French inflicted a severe defeat on the Prussians, driving them from the neutral city. Lübeck is an old Baltic Sea port approximately northeast of Hamburg. After their shattering defeat in October by Napoleon at the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt, the Prussian armies withdrew to the east bank of the Elbe River and marched northeast in an attempt to reach the Oder River. Aiming to annihilate his opponents' forces, Napoleon launched his Grande Armée in a headlong pursuit. A large portion of the fleeing Prussians took refuge in the fortress of Magdeburg where they were surrounded. Another large segment was intercepted and destroyed in the Battle of Prenzlau. This event triggered a series of capitulations of Prussian troops and fortresses. Blocked from reaching the Oder, Blücher turned and raced to the west, chased by Murat, Bernadotte, and Soult. After a number of well-fought rear guard actions, Blücher's troops forced their way into the neutral city of Lübeck where they took up defensive positions. Bernadotte's soldiers broke through the city's northern defenses and overwhelmed the troops facing Murat and Soult. Blücher barely escaped from the city, though most of his staff was captured and Prussian casualties were enormous. The French brutally sacked Lübeck during and after the fighting. The next day, the French trapped the surviving Prussians against the Danish frontier and compelled Blücher to surrender. The French captured a small Swedish force during the battle. Bernadotte's respectful treatment of its officers and soldiers led to that Scandinavian nation offering its crown to the French marshal, almost four years after this battle. Background Jena-Auerstedt to Prenzlau On 14 October 1806, Napoleon crushed the Prussian field armies in the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt. In the chaos after the debacle, the shattered remains of the armies coalesced into several major elements. General of Infantry Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen took command of one column that retreated through the Harz Mountains. General-Leutnant Blücher and General of Infantry Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth, followed in Hohenlohe's wake with a 12,000-man column. These forces were trailed by 12,000 troops under General Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and General-Leutnant Christian Ludwig von Winning. The last-named corps missed Jena-Auerstedt. Meanwhile, the Prince of Orange surrendered at least 10,000 Prussians to Marshal Murat's Cavalry Corps in the Capitulation of Erfurt on 16 October. The 16,000 fresh troops of the Reserve commanded by Eugene Frederick Henry, Duke of Württemberg had remained at Halle since the 13th. On 17 October, the 20,600 men of Marshal Bernadotte's I Corps mauled Württemberg's force in the Battle of Halle. The Reserve retreated to Magdeburg where it joined Hohenlohe on 20 October. Marshal Soult with the IV Corps and Murat reached the outskirts of the city that day and demanded Hohenlohe's surrender, which he refused. On the 22nd, Soult and Marshal Michel Ney's VI Corps invested the fortress on the west bank of the Elbe. After leaving 9,000 additional troops to man the fortress, Hohenlohe marched to the northeast via Burg bei Magdeburg. He was soon joined by Kalckreuth who crossed the Elbe to the north at Tangermünde. Blücher moved northeast from Nordhausen, through the Harz Mountains, past Braunschweig, and boated across the Elbe at Sandau on 24 October. Saxe-Weimar marched from |
Bad Langensalza to Mühlhausen, and on to Osterode. After feinting at Magdeburg to trick Soult, he successfully reached the Elbe at Sandau. Oberst Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg conducted a skillful action at Altenzaun on the afternoon and evening of the 26th. The Prussian rear guard held off Soult's advance guard until Saxe-Weimar's troops safely reached the east bank, then Yorck also slipped away. At this time, Winning took over command of the column from Saxe-Weimar. Hohenlohe reached Neustadt an der Dosse on the evening of 24 October. After he crossed the Elbe, Blücher accepted command of Hohenlohe's rear guard. There was a network of canals, along with the Havel River, that ran east and west roughly between the Elbe and Oder. Hohenlohe's planned to send General-Major Christian Ludwig Schimmelpfennig von der Oye with a flying column to protect his right flank by destroying all the bridges along this stretch of water. By nightfall on 25 October, Hohenlohe's main body was between Neuruppin and Lindow, a little farther east. General-Major von Schwerin's cavalry and Oberst von Hagen's infantry brigade marched toward Wittstock. General-Major Rudolf Ernst Christoph von Bila reached Kyritz, north of Neustadt, with a cavalry-infantry brigade. Blücher's rear guard was near Neustadt after a clash with Bernadotte's leading troops. In an ominous development, French cavalry seized Oranienburg before Schimmelpfennig arrived there. On 26 October, Murat routed Schimmelpfennig's column at Zehdenick, sending the Prussians fleeing to Stettin after losing more than 250 cavalry from their 1,300-man force. The next day, in confused fighting at Boitzenburg, Hohenlohe overcame a French road block and pressed on to the east after losing a cavalry regiment. On 28 October, Murat attacked the Prussians in the Battle of Prenzlau. One of General of Division Emmanuel Grouchy's dragoon brigades hewed a path through Hohenlohe's column. General of Division Marc Antoine de Beaumont and his 3rd Dragoon Division pounced on the now-isolated rear guard under Oberst Prince Augustus of Prussia and forced it to surrender. Murat then succeeded in bluffing Hohenlohe into capitulating, even though the Prussian was neither surrounded nor outnumbered. Not including 2,000 previous losses, about 10,000 soldiers, 64 guns, and 1,800 cavalry horses fell into the hands of the French. Prenzlau to Lübeck The next day, 4,000 Prussians surrendered to two French light cavalry brigades in the Capitulation of Pasewalk. That night General of Brigade Antoine Lasalle and his light cavalry accepted the Capitulation of Stettin after bluffing the fortress commander into surrendering with over 5,000 troops. In the wake of these humiliating defeats, a number of smaller Prussian columns were mopped up. On 30 October, Major von Höpfner surrendered an artillery convoy with 600 soldiers, 25 guns, 48 wagons, and 800 horses at Boldekow south of Anklam. Bila, his older brother General-Major Karl Anton Ernst von Bila, and their 2,173 troops laid down their arms at Anklam to General of Division Nicolas Léonard Beker's dragoons on 1 November. That day also saw the fortress of Küstrin capitulate to one of Marshal Louis Davout's III Corps brigades. Leaving Ney to carry out the Siege of Magdeburg, Soult crossed the Elbe at Tangermünde and headed northeast. He reached Wusterhausen near Neustadt on 30 October, with his cavalry probing toward Wittstock. Farther to the east, Bernadotte captured a Prussian supply convoy and 20 field pieces on the 26th and reached Boitzenburg on the evening of 29 October. The next morning, finding that Blücher had veered northwest, he marched toward Neustrelitz. Leading one of Bernadotte's cavalry regiments, Colonel Étienne Maurice Gérard captured 400 troops belonging to Blücher and reported that the Prussian was making for Waren. On 31 |
October, the columns of Blücher and Winning met near Waren. Winning wanted to escape to the port of Rostock to the north, and had already sent General-Major Karl Georg Friedrich von Wobeser ahead to organize the evacuation. However, Blücher overruled him and proceeded with his own strategy, which was to recross the Elbe at Boizenburg. From there, he planned to either join with General Karl Ludwig von Lecoq in the former Electorate of Hanover or Lieutenant General Franz Kasimir von Kleist at Magdeburg. Blücher reorganized his small army into two corps. Winning led the 11,000-strong I Corps, while Blücher commanded the 10,000-man II Corps. Each corps was subdivided into two heavy and one light divisions. At this time, there were 47,252 Frenchmen hunting for Blücher. Bernadotte's I Corps numbered 15,450, Soult's IV Corps counted 24,375, General of Division Louis Michel Antoine Sahuc led 2,550 dragoons, Grouchy had 2,432 dragoons, Lasalle counted 785 light cavalry, and General of Division Jean-Joseph Ange d'Hautpoul led 1,660 cuirassiers. Bernadotte pressed ahead with 12,000 of his most fit troops, leaving the rest behind. Murat and his cavalry were rapidly moving west from their victories at Prenzlau and Stettin. On the morning of 1 November, the Prussians evacuated Waren. Blücher moved to the northwest covered by a rear guard under General-Major Friedrich Gottlieb von Oswald. Winning marched due west covered by Oberst August Wilhelm von Pletz's rear guard. That morning the Prussians brawled near Waren with both Soult's and Bernadotte's light cavalry brigades plus General of Division Anne Jean Marie René Savary's 1st Hussar and 7th Chasseurs à Cheval Regiments before falling back to the west. Under Yorck's tactical direction the three fusilier battalions, six Jäger companies, and 20 squadrons of hussars gave a good account of themselves in the battle of Waren-Nossentin. Though Bernadotte committed General of Division Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'Erlon's division to the capture of Nossentin village, Yorck and Pletz drew off in good order to Alt Schwerin that night. On the morning of 2 November, Sahuc's 4th Dragoon Division set out from Rathenow and Murat left Demmin (west of Anklam) sweeping west with Lasalle, Grouchy, and d'Hautpoul. Bernadotte was at Nossentin and Soult at Waren. That day near Granzin, Drouet's division caught up with the 500 men of the 2nd battalion of the Tschammer Infantry Regiment Nr. 27, inflicting a loss of one cannon and 57 casualties, including Major Puttkammer captured. Away to the northeast on 2 and 3 November, the port of Wolgast surrendered to the 22nd Dragoon Regiment of General of Brigade André Joseph Boussart's brigade. Hohenlohe's baggage train with 2,500 mostly non-combatants thus fell into the hands of Grouchy's division. Oswald's rear guard made a stand at Crivitz on 3 November in an action called a Prussian victory. The Prussian led the Fusilier battalions Greiffenberg Nr. 4, Knorr Nr. 12, and Oswald Nr. 16, the Grenadier battalions Schmeling and Vieregg, and one horse artillery battery. His cavalry units were the Hertzberg Dragoon Regiment Nr. 9, five squadrons, and the Rudorff Hussar Regiment Nr. 2, five squadrons. The French foot soldiers were from Bernadotte's 2nd Division under General of Division Olivier Macoux Rivaud de la Raffinière. Generals of Brigade Michel Marie Pacthod and Nicolas Joseph Maison led the 8th Light and the 45th and 54th Line Infantry Regiments. These were supported by the 2nd and 4th Hussar and 5th Chasseur à Cheval Regiments under General of Brigade Jacques Louis François Delaistre de Tilly, plus one horse and one foot artillery batteries. All told, there were 6,500 Frenchmen and 12 guns. Maison drove Oswald's troops out of Crivitz after a tough |
fight. At first, the Prussians fell back to high ground behind the village, then continued their retreat. General of Brigade Pierre Watier galloped forward from the village with the light cavalry. Watier summoned the Prussians to surrender, but their response was a charge by dragoons. The French horsemen unwisely opened fire with their carbines and were swept away by Oswald's counterattack. Gérard was captured and Bernadotte had to take shelter inside of an infantry square. The dragoons were finally halted by Pacthod's infantry. Later that evening, the French were able to seize the village of Meuss near Schwerin. During the action, the French cut off and wiped out the 1st battalion of the Arnim Infantry Regiment Nr. 13 at Pinnow. By 4 November Sahuc and Murat nearly caught up with Soult and Bernadotte. After receiving a false report that Soult was between him and Boizenburg, Blücher decided to fall back from Schwerin to Gadebusch, site of a battle in 1712. On the 4th, Oberst Christian Friedrich von der Osten with a dragoon regiment, a fusilier battalion, and one company of jägers joined Blücher from Lecoq's corps at Hameln. Wobeser also rejoined with his column. On the 5th, Savary's two regiments caught up with another stray Prussian force under General-Major Friedrich Leopold Karl Bernhard von Usedom at the port of Wismar. The Frenchman claimed that he captured 700 cavalry, while the Prussians admitted surrendering 367 troopers. The Prussians belonged to the Usedom Hussar Regiment Nr. 10 and part of Blücher's wagon train under Major Panwitz. By this time, Blücher's force was reduced to around 16,000 to 17,000 soldiers. Though he possessed 100 artillery pieces and the Gadebusch position was strong, the Prussian declined battle because his troops were hungry and worn out by constant marching. He determined to fall back to the Hanseatic City-state of Lübeck, where he hoped to join a force of Swedes that he knew were in the area. The Prussian army appeared before neutral Lübeck on the morning of 5 November. At midday, they forced their way through the southern gate and occupied the city. Addressing the city senate in the Rathaus, Blücher demanded large amounts of food, drink, fodder, and currency for his army, but promised not to fight in the city. Meanwhile, a brigade of 1,800 Swedes had entered Lübeck on 31 October, hoping to secure some transport vessels to carry them home. When they finally boarded ship on the 4th, they found themselves trapped in the Trave River by contrary winds. Aiming to capture the Swedes, Bernadotte sent one battalion to the mouth of the Trave and another detachment under Maison to Schlutup, which is on the Trave downstream from the city. Also on the 5th, Soult attacked one of Blücher's rear guards under General-Major Karl Gerhard von Pelet at Roggendorf, driving it away to the south of Lübeck. Soult pressed on and captured 300 Prussians at Ratzeburg. He and Murat were poised to advance on Lübeck from the south. A Danish force commanded by Lieutenant General Johann Ewald marched toward Stockelsdorf. Ewald notified Blücher that he was prepared to defend his nation's neutrality by force. Battle Most of Blücher's army spent the night in Lübeck. To protect his south flank, the Prussian general posted a dragoon regiment and half of a horse artillery battery at Moisling. General-Major Balthasar Wilhelm Christoph von (Jung-)Larisch with the 2nd Division of II Corps guarded the Trave north of the city. Blücher's rearguard under Oswald remained outside the northern gate, while a regiment of hussars stayed outside the southern gate. Lübeck was once heavily fortified, but by 1806, |
its defenses were partially dismantled. Nevertheless, the wet ditches in front of its old walls presented a serious obstacle to an attacker. East of the Trave, there were three gates into the city. The northern gate, known as the Burgtor, overlooked a narrow strip of land between the Trave and Wakenitz Rivers. The southern gate was called the Mühlentor (Mills Gate) and the eastern gate was named the Hüxtertor. On the west bank of the Trave, there was only one gate, the Holstentor. The Wakenitz protected much of the eastern side of the town. At the Burgtor, Blücher packed eight guns into a semicircular fortification in front of the gate and added two more cannons near the gate. He placed four more guns on the Bellevue bastion on the west bank in order to take any attackers under a crossfire. In addition to Oswald's rear guard, other infantry were available to defend the position. Blücher put the Burgtor sector under the command of General-Major Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. He defended the Mühlentor with four or five battalions plus a 6-pounder battery. The Hoxtertor was held by an infantry regiment, two horse artillery guns, and four regimental pieces. Other troops remained in reserve under General-Major Hans Christoph von Natzmer, so that a total of 17 battalions and 52 guns defended Lübeck. When a delegation of city fathers reminded Blücher of his promise not to do battle in the city, the Prussian brushed them off, vowing that he would fight. Natzmer's 1st Division included the Infantry Regiments Tschammer Nr. 27, Kauffberg Nr. 51, Natzmer Nr. 54, and Manstein Nr. 55, two battalions each, the Hertzberg Dragoon Regiment Nr. 9, five squadrons, one foot artillery battery, and half of a horse artillery battery. Larisch's 2nd Division contained the Infantry Regiments Kalckreuth Nr. 4, Owstein Nr. 7, and Jung-Larisch Nr. 53, two battalions each, the 2nd battalion of the Brunswick Infantry Regiment Nr. 21, the Heyking Dragoon Regiment Nr. 10, five squadrons, and a horse artillery battery. Oswald's command comprised ten squadrons of the Blücher Hussar Regiment Nr. 8, the Schmeling and Vieregg Grenadier battalions, elements of several fusilier battalions, and half of a horse artillery battery. After beginning its march at 2:00 AM, Bernadotte's corps bumped into an enemy column at Selmsdorf, east of Lübeck. The French quickly enveloped the Prussian force, a convoy marching from Wismar, and secured the surrender of 1,000 troops and 300 wagons. Meanwhile, General of Brigade Marie François Rouyer intercepted some Swedish transports near Schlutup. After a brief cannonade, 600 Swedes surrendered. Bernadotte's I Corps included Pierre Dupont de l'Etang's 1st Division, Rivaud's 2nd Division, Drouet's 3rd Division, Tilly's light cavalry, and General of Division Jean Baptiste Eblé's artillery reserve. Dupont had three battalions of the 9th Light Infantry and two battalions each of the 32nd and 96th Line Infantry Regiments. Rivaud's division and Tilly's brigade were the same as at the action of Crivitz (see above). Drouet's division contained the 27th Light Infantry and the 94th and 95th Line Infantry Regiments, a total of seven battalions. The artillery train included three foot and four horse artillery batteries. Soult's IV Corps comprised three infantry divisions. General of Division Louis Vincent Le Blond de Saint-Hilaire's eight-battalion 1st Division included the 10th Light, 35th, 45th, and 55th Line Infantry Regiments. General of Division Jean François Leval's 10-battalion 2nd Division was made up of the 24th Light, 4th, 28th, 46th, and 57th Line Infantry Regiments. General of Division Claude Juste Alexandre Legrand's nine-battalion 3rd Division was composed of the 26th Light, 18th and 75th Line Infantry Regiments, and the Tirailleurs |
Corses and Tirailleurs du Po. Supporting units were General of Brigade Pierre Margaron's light cavalry brigade, consisting of the 8th Hussar Regiment, the 11th, 16th, and 22nd Chasseurs à Cheval Regiments, and eight foot and two horse artillery batteries. At 6:00 AM, Murat with Soult's cavalry and Lasalle's brigade fell upon the Pletz Hussar Regiment Nr. 3 on the southern approaches, capturing 200 troopers and chasing them inside Lübeck. The guns defending the Mühlentor repulsed the pursuing French cavalry. Soult's corps and Sahuc's dragoons arrived and their artillery began pounding the Prussians at the southern gate. Soon after, Bernadotte's advance guard pushed Oswald's rear guard back toward the northern gate. Drouet's tirailleurs soon secured the Galgenburg, a hill east of the Burgtor, and cannons were massed on the height. Bernadotte deployed the division of Drouet on the left and Rivaud on the right, with Dupont supporting the right. General of Brigade François Werlé led the 27th Light Infantry Regiment of Drouet in the center against the St. Gertrude Church. At first, the French were stopped, but the commander of the Prussian battery was wounded and this lowered its effectiveness. A second effort carried the churchyard, but then Werlé's men were enfiladed by the Bellevue battery, which inflicted heavy losses. Drouet's 94th Line Infantry Regiment then rushed forward on the left. Meanwhile, Brunswick decided to supervise the battle from the Bellevue bastion, so he crossed to the Trave's west bank. Undetected in the battle smoke, the 94th Line overran a small redoubt. Then the regiment stormed the semicircular position, seizing the entire battery. At about 1:00 PM, the Prussian defenders fled through the Burgtor, followed by the victorious French. Bernadotte directed Drouet to the right to take the bridge over the Trave, while sending Rivaud to the left to take the Mühlentor's defenders in reverse. Other French troops boated across the Trave and forced the Bellevue battery to withdraw. Believing his northern defenses secure, Blücher retired to his headquarters at the Golden Angel Inn near the Mühlentor. He was surprised there by Rivaud's skirmishers and barely escaped with his son and Karl Freiherr von Müffling, though his chief of staff, Gerhard von Scharnhorst and the rest of his staff became prisoners. Meanwhile, the French pushed through the market-place and the Königstrasse amid vicious street fighting in which Yorck was wounded and many other Prussians were killed or wounded. At the head of a troop of cuirassiers, Blücher tried without success to rescue his staff. Then the group cut their way to the bridge over the Trave and safety. Soult sent Leval to take the Hoxtertor, Legrand to attack the Mühlentor, while holding Saint-Hilaire in reserve. The Prussians defending the Mühlentor were taken in rear by Rivaud's division, though they fought back furiously. Hit by fire from all directions, the defenders sustained heavy losses, including 300 in one regiment alone. Finally, 2,000 Prussians surrendered and Murat's horsemen surged through the gate and into the streets. The next victims were the Hoxtertor's defenders, the Owstein Regiment. Engulfed by cavalry and infantry, the regiment formed square but was soon forced to surrender after suffering heavy losses. By 3:30 PM, the French firmly controlled Lübeck, though sporadic fighting continued. Hearing the racket as the French stamped out resistance at the eastern and southern gates, Blücher tried to organize another attack. He sent the Kuhnheim Regiment Nr. 1 to attack the Holstentor, but Drouet's troops already occupied the bridge and the western defenses. The French repulsed the Prussians with heavy losses and forced them back to Bad Schwartau. Numbers of French troops emerged from the city |
in pursuit. Results The French marshals estimated Prussian losses in Lübeck as 3,000 killed and wounded, plus 5,000 to 6,000 captured. Historian Digby Smith gave the Prussian losses at Lübeck as 2,000 killed and wounded, plus a further 4,000 captured out of 15,000 troops. The Infantry Regiments Owstein, Tschammer, and Natzmer were wiped out and 22 guns lost. The French employed between 30,000 and 35,000 men in the battle. In addition to 2,000 Prussians killed and wounded and 4,000 captured, French historian Alain Pigeard also noted that the Prussians and Swedes lost 24 flags, two standards and at least 50 artillery pieces. According to the same source, overall French losses amounted to 1,500 killed and wounded, including the IV Corps artillery chief, Colonel Pierre-Elisabeth Peytes de Montcabrié, who died on 8 November, following the wounds he had received two days earlier. However, the French were not finished for the day. At Paddeluge, Soult's cavalry captured four infantry companies and two guns under Captain Witzleben. Grouchy's dragoons trotted through the city to capture Major Friedrich Albrecht Gotthilf von Ende's force before ending the day at Vorwerk. At Krempelsdorf, Ende surrendered 360 men and four guns, including five squadrons of the Köhler Hussar Regiment Nr. 7, one squadron of the King of Bavaria Dragoon Regiment Nr. 1, and a half horse battery. The Bailliodz Cuirassier Regiment Nr. 5 laid down its weapons at Steckenitz. At Schwartau that evening, Oberst Löben surrendered to Bernadotte with 1,500 troops. These included the Bila Fusilier battalion Nr. 2, the Kuhnheim, Jung-Larisch, and Manstein Infantry Regiments, plus the Osten Dragoon Regiment Nr. 12. Having stormed the city, the French troops thoroughly plundered Lübeck amid crimes of "pillage, rape, and murder". Bernadotte and other superior officers tried to restrain their men, with Bernadotte personally defending several houses using his saber, but the French soldiers ran completely amok. That the troops were guilty of atrocities was admitted by contemporary writers such as Antoine-Henri Jomini and Guillaume Mathieu, comte Dumas. Historian Francis Loraine Petre noted that Blücher's decision to fight a pitched battle in a neutral city made him at least partly culpable for the sack of Lübeck. At daybreak, Blücher stood at Ratekau, north-northeast of Lübeck, with the remnant of his army. The Prussian general commanded only 4,050 infantry and 3,760 cavalry out of a force that numbered 21,000 on 1 November. In his immediate front were three French marshals with as many as 35,000 soldiers. To his left was the Trave, to his rear was the Baltic Sea, and to his right was the Danish frontier, defended by Ewald's force. Since resistance was obviously hopeless, Blücher requested terms and was told he must surrender his soldiers as prisoners of war. He dispatched a document that announced his surrender to Bernadotte and complained that he was out of food and ammunition. Murat refused to accept it, pointing out that the Prussians must capitulate to all three marshals and that stating his reason for surrendering was irregular. Blücher thereupon surrendered to Bernadotte, Soult, and Murat, though he was allowed to append a statement at the end of the document. He wrote, "I capitulate, since I have neither bread nor ammunition - BLUCHER." Pigeard stated that Blücher surrendered with a total of 8,000 to 9,000 men, with 80 artillery pieces, which constituted all that was left of his army corps. The Prussian foot units that lost flags (in parentheses) were the Infantry Regiments Kuhnheim Nr. 1 (4), Kalckreuth Nr. 4 (4), Alt-Larisch Nr. 26 (2), Borcke Nr. 30 (4), and Kauffberg Nr. 51 (4). The cavalry regiments losing standards were the |
Beeren Cuirassiers Nr. 2 (5), Katte Dragoons Nr. 4 (2), Königin Dragoons Nr. 5 (1), Hertzberg Dragoons Nr. 9 (5), Heyking Dragoons Nr. 10 (5), and Wobeser Dragoons Nr. 14 (1). On 8 November, the Prussian detachment at Travemünde surrendered to Rivaud. Drouet was sent to the Lower Elbe to hunt down Pelet's force, which was included in the capitulation. When Drouet caught up with him, Pelet surrendered with 420 men and half of a horse artillery battery at Boizenburg on the 12th. Four squadrons of the King of Bavaria Dragoons and one squadron of the Köhler Hussars laid down their arms. Bernadotte first came to the notice of the Swedish authorities with his courteous treatment of captured General Carl Carlsson Mörner and his officers. Jean Baptiste Antoine Marcellin de Marbot wrote in his memoirs that Bernadotte, "was especially desirous to earn the character of a well-bred man in the eyes of these strangers." In 1810 he was elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Riksdag of the Estates and in 1818 ascended the throne as King Charles XIV John of Sweden. Notes References Chandler, David. Dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Macmillan, 1979. Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan, 1966 Petre, F. Loraine. Napoleon's Conquest of Prussia 1806. London: Lionel Leventhal Ltd., 1993 (1907). Pigeard, Alain - „Dictionnaire des batailles de Napoléon”, Tallandier, Bibliothèque Napoléonienne, 2004, Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1993. Barton, Sir D. Plunkett. Bernadotte and Napoleon, 1763-1810. London: John Murray, 1921. External links The following are excellent sources for the full names of French and Prussian officers. Broughton, Tony. napoleon-series.org Generals Who Served in the French Army during the Period 1792-1815 Montag, Reinhard. lexikon-deutschegenerale.de Das Lexikon der Deutschen Generale Category:Battles of the Napoleonic Wars Category:Battles of the War of the Fourth Coalition Category:Battles involving Prussia Category:Battles involving France Category:Battles involving Sweden Category:Conflicts in 1806 Category:History of Lübeck Category:1806 in France Category:November 1806 events Category:Battles in Schleswig-Holstein |
Llach The name Llach may refer to: Lluís Llach also known as Lluís Lach i Grande, born 1948, a Catalan musician Lucas Llach, born 1973, an Argentine economist and historian |
President of the Senate (Mexico) The President of the Senate (Spanish: Presidente de la Cámara de Senadores) is the presiding officer of the Mexican Senate. The incumbent President is Tabasco Senator Mónica Fernández Balboa. The Senate of Mexico, at the beginning of each annual legislative session, elects an Executive Board (Mesa Directiva) from among its 128 members. The Executive Board comprises a president, three vice-presidents, and four secretaries, elected by an absolute majority of the Senators. The President, and other members of the Executive Board may be re-elected for the following year without restriction. The President of the Executive Board also serves as the President of the Senate. Although the President of the Senate is the presiding officer of the upper house of the Mexican Congress, the President of the Chamber of Deputies is the President of Congress as a whole. Presidents of the Senate 1824-1857 Presidents of the Senate since 1874 List of Presidents of the Gran Comisión 1877-2000 References Category:Presidents of the Senate of the Republic (Mexico) Mexico Category:Congress of the Union *President |
Thomas Howes (hostage) Thomas Randolph "Tom" Howes is an American Northrop Grumman employee who was captured by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and was held hostage from February 13, 2003 to July 2, 2008. He was rescued in Operation Jaque, along with the two other American contractors, Ingrid Betancourt, and eleven Colombian security personnel. On March 12, 2009, Howes, Keith Stansell and Marc Gonsalves were each awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for the Defense of Freedom. Mission in Colombia Thomas Howes was part of a team of a dozen or so pilots and technicians overseen by the U.S. Southern Command. Their operation was dubbed Southcom Reconnaissance System, and Northrop Grumman held the $8.6 million contract for the work. As the program became increasingly successful, several former pilots and others familiar with the program said civilian managers pushed flight crews farther over the jungles, often at night and sometimes 300 miles from their base. Their mission expanded, too, from locating targets in the illegal drug trade chosen by the American Embassy to keeping a look out for leftist guerrillas, including those of FARC. By 2002, pilots began to worry about what they perceived to be the lack of power and speed of their planes - the single-engine Cessna Caravan - for a country as big and mountainous as Colombia. Two pilots, Paul C. Hooper and Douglas C. Cockes, wrote letters in November and December 2002 to Northrop Grumman warning that flying single-engine planes was a recipe for disaster. The letters suggested that the Cessnas be replaced with twin-engine Beechcraft King Air 300s. The planes were not replaced, and the two pilots resigned. After the two crashes, which temporarily halted the program, Northrop Grumman resumed the operation under a different name, the Colombia Surveillance System, using twin-engine planes. After the first crash, the program was transferred to a newly created company, CIAO Inc.. Abduction Thomas Howes, Marc Gonsalves, and Keith Stansell were on a drug surveillance mission in Colombia's cocaine-producing southern jungle when their single engine Cessna plane crashed on February 13, 2003 on the territory controlled by FARC. The American pilot, Tom Janis, and a Colombian military intelligence officer were led out by FARC gunmen and shot. The three surviving Americans, (Gonslaves, Stansell and Howes) were forced to march with the guerrillas, deeper and deeper into the jungle. After this, the three Americans' exact location was lost by US intelligence. Three different Americans associated with Northrop Grumman made an attempt to find the hostages by air but were all killed when their plane hit a tree. Then Colombian journalist Jorge Botero was allowed to contact them and record a tape to prove that they were alive and well – and ready to be traded for imprisoned members of the FARC being held by the Colombian government. Publications Out of Captivity is a book authored by Marc Gonsalves, Keith Stansell, and Thomas Howes with the assistance of author Gary Brozek about their time spent as hostages of FARC guerrillas. See also List of political hostages held by FARC References External links http://www.marc-gonsalves.com/ The Forgotten Hostages on CBS 60 Minutes II Held Hostage in Colombia documentary film Category:American people taken hostage Category:Recipients of the Secretary of Defense Medal for the Defense of Freedom Category:1953 births Category:Living people Category:Northrop Grumman |
Joseph B. Mitchell Joseph Brady Mitchell (September 25, 1915 – February 17, 1993) was an American military historian. He served for 18 years in the U.S. Army and achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel. Books Decisive Battles of the American Revolution Decisive Battles of the Civil War Discipline and Bayonets: The Armies and Leaders in the War of the American Revolution Twenty Decisive Battles of the World Military Leaders of the Civil War The Badge of Gallantry: Recollections of Civil War Congressional Medal of Honor Winners References Category:1915 births Category:1993 deaths Category:United States Army officers Category:Historians of the American Civil War Category:20th-century American historians |
Johnson School (North Adams, Massachusetts) The Johnson School is a historic former school building on School Street in North Adams, Massachusetts. Built about 1898, this Romanesque Revival school is a significant work of the prominent local architect Edwin Thayer Barlow. It was the last of the city's neighborhood schools to be closed. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It is now used for Head Start and other social programs. Description and history The Johnson School is located on the north side of School Street, occupying the entire block between Williams and Cady Streets in the city's Amity Square neighborhood. It is a two-story brick building, with a hip roof and granite foundation, with red sandstone trim elements. The roof is pierced on three sides by gabled center sections, that on the southern side, over the main entrance, more prominent than the others. The main facade is nine bays wide, the central three (below the gable) slightly recessed. Windows in the outer bays are set in segmented-arch openings, with sandstone sills and brick lintels with slightly projecting keystones. Windows in the central section are set in square openings with stone lintels and sills, except in the gable, where there are three windows set in round-arch openings. The main entrance is recessed in a round-arch opening with brick pilasters at the corners. The interior of the school retains significant original finishes. The school was built in 1896 to a design by Edwin Thayer Barlow, a prominent local architect, at a time when the surrounding neighborhood was experiencing significant growth. In 1924 the school was enlarged, to a sympathetic design by Springfield architect Newton Bond. The school was one of the last neighborhood school in North Adams to be closed, and is now used for Head Start and other social programs. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Berkshire County, Massachusetts References External links Category:Buildings and structures in North Adams, Massachusetts Category:School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts Category:Schools in Massachusetts Category:National Register of Historic Places in Berkshire County, Massachusetts |
Leucanthiza forbesi Leucanthiza forbesi is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Argentina. The larvae feed on Dichondra repens. They are thought to mine the leaves of their host plant. References Category:Lithocolletinae |
Halomon Halomon is a polyhalogenated monoterpene first isolated from the marine red algae Portieria hornemannii. Halomon has attracted research interest because of its promising profile of selective cytotoxicity that suggests its potential use as an antitumor agent. Halomon is in a class of chemical compounds known as halocarbons, which are often potent alkylating agents which may be toxic to individual cells or to living organisms. The red algae that naturally produce halomon and other related compounds probably do so as a poisonous defense against fish or other marine life that may see it as a potential source of food. Halomon, however, is a selective toxin; studies at the National Cancer Institute have indicated that it is more toxic to certain types of tumor cells than to other cells. The algae that produces halomon is difficult to locate, identify, and collect and the concentration of halomon in the organism is extremely low. Therefore, obtaining a sufficient amount of halomon to conduct preclinical research has been difficult. Consequently, there has been active interest in developing synthetic methods in the laboratory for the preparation of halomon and related compounds. Recent research has shown that halomon and a related halogenated monoterpene may act as demethylating agents, suggesting a possible mechanism of action for the pharmacological effects of halomon. References External links Halomon at Reciprocal Net Halomon at Harvard University's ChemBank Category:Halogen-containing natural products Category:Monoterpenes Category:Organochlorides Category:Organobromides Category:Alkene derivatives |
Baseball Stars Baseball Stars is a baseball video game developed by SNK. It was released first as a 2-player baseball arcade game and was later released for the NES in 1989. It became a major hit in many countries worldwide, particularly in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. Features Baseball Stars was the first baseball game to have battery backup on any console, and the first NES sports game to have battery backup. This allowed players to create a team, configure baseball league & play a season, and the game's memory chip stored cumulative statistics. Baseball Stars was also the first sports game for the NES to have a create a player feature; giving gamers the power to name their players, as well as their teams. The game also introduced a role playing element; as each game played earns the winning team money, and the amount won is directly related to the sum of the prestige ratings of the players from both teams (as prestige determines how many paying fans attend the game). The money can be used to purchase upgrades to the various abilities of players currently on the roster, or it can be used to purchase pre-designed players (available in the Rookie, Veteran, and All-Star categories). Also a first, a hidden feature allows players to hire female baseball players. Gameplay Simple graphics are coupled with repetitive upbeat 8-bit music. The pitching is simple: curve balls, fast balls, off-speed pitches, and sinkers. The batting is a swing on a level plane, thus it is simply a question of timing. The fielding, at the time, was a revolution in arcade baseball; it achieved a level of realism unseen prior to its release. This realism, coupled with ease-of-fielding features contributed to the game's popularity. These ease-of-fielding features are characterized by examples such as off-screen fielders automatically drifting towards fly balls, fielders catching balls anywhere near them, the ability to jump and dive, infielders shifting to prevent extra base hits down the line when men are on base, etc. It is possible to deliver unhittable pitches that would "drop" as they crossed home plate, the only clue would be a high-pitched squeak as the pitch came towards home plate. However, despite the high sound, sometimes these pitches failed to drop and in fact crossed home plate for strikes. Seasons and vs. Baseball Stars includes a simple one-off versus mode, but it provides the option of creating a mini-league of up to six teams, with each team playing up to 25 games against every other team. That means a season with a maximum 125 game schedule can be created. When making a season, one chooses how many teams, how many games, and which teams are controlled by the AI (computer) and which are controlled by the gamers. In vs. mode, no stats, such as wins, losses, hits, or home runs are kept but money can still be won when a player controlled team plays against an AI-controlled team. No money is won in this mode when it is player vs. player. Versus mode games can be considered exhibition games. Teams There can be a total of 14 teams. Eight teams come with the game and six more teams can be created. The original eight cannot in any way be edited or changed. Although the game does not use any real Major League Baseball teams, one of the default teams, the American Dreams, included players with names that are based on real (former) baseball players such as "Pete" (Pete Rose), "Hank" (Hank Aaron), "Babe" (Babe Ruth), "Sandie" (Sandy Koufax), "Cy" (Cy Young), "Denny" |
(Denny McLain), and "Willie" (Willie Mays). In addition, the Japan Robins included a player named "Oh," presumably after Sadaharu Oh of Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball. The other default teams are the Ninja BlackSox, Brave Warriors, Japan Robins, World Powers, Ghastly Monsters, Lovely Ladies (an all women's team), and SNK Crushers. When creating a new team, one is given the option of choosing its main strength (for example defense, running, batting, balanced, etc.). This does not mean that a chosen strength will remain with the team forever. The option simply favors the chosen attribute when the computer randomly generates the players. Each new team gets about $30,000 and 18 players (5 pitchers, 8 batters, and 5 pinch hitters) to start. From there, games are played and games that are won earn money for the team. Players on created teams can be modified and improved as well as traded amongst other created teams. A pitcher cannot be traded for a batter; it must always be batter for batter or pitcher for pitcher. There is also a free agent market in which players can be bought ranging in price from $5,000 to $2,980,000. Since there is a limit of 18 players per team, before a free agent can be bought, a player must be fired. If a player is traded for a player with superior attributes, the better player's attributes are diminished. Each player also has a maximum amount of attribute points possible (out of 90) with some players having higher eventual potential than others. Statistics In season play, the game keeps track of various stats. By going into the SEE STANDINGS menu, it can be seen how each team's win/loss record compares to the other team(s). You can also view the top ten leaders in batting average, home runs, RBIs, pitching ERA, pitching wins, and saves. Each individual player's batting average and home run totals can be seen when that player is up to bat and individual pitcher's ERA is shown when that pitcher is pitching. With the exception of a pitcher's ERA, stats are current when a player steps into the batter's box. Mercy rules The game has a 10-run mercy rule. Thus, if at the end of any inning, one team is up by a total of 10 runs, the game is called in favor of the leading team. In addition to the 10-run mercy rule, there is also a 100-run mercy rule. If at any point in the game one team attains a lead of 100 or more, play is immediately stopped and a winner is declared, even though the inning is not over. For example, if the visiting team scores 100 runs in the top of the first inning, the visiting team will be declared the winner and the home team will not even have the chance to bat. If the game remains tied after 18 innings, the game is over and no winner is declared; all hits and other stats are not saved - as if the game never happened. Player improvements As stated above, when money is won, it can be applied to upgrade a player. For batters, there are six abilities that can be augmented. For pitchers, there are eleven. Each ability can be assigned up to 15 points. Each player has a maximum number of points allowed and the higher the "max" of the player, the more valuable he could become. Reception Baseball Stars was a critical success, often referred to as the best baseball game on the NES platform, and as such, has become a franchise series for SNK, spawning five sequels, and |
its "create player" and "create team" functions have become standard features in sports games. IGN placed it at #28 in the article "Top 100 NES Games". Baseball Stars placed #3 on Yahoo!'s "Top 5 Best Old School Sports Video Games". Baseball Stars was once voted most popular baseball game according to a poll taken by Nintendo Power magazine. David Littman, a producer on EA's NHL series of games, stated that the popular GM mode in those games was originally inspired by Baseball Stars. It received a perfect 5-star rating in the book Ultimate Nintendo: Guide to the NES Library 1985–1995. Sequels In 1991, a sequel, Baseball Stars 2, was released by Romstar, but it was far less popular than the original. Reasons for this included the inability to change the name of a gamer-created team or names of the players on a gamer-created team, and unimproved graphics over the original. Two more sequels were made for SNK's console, the Neo-Geo: Baseball Stars Professional (1990, one of the first Neo-Geo games published) featured all the teams in the original Baseball Stars for the NES, but the teams' features could not be changed, gamers could only play as them. Baseball Stars 2 (1992) featured 18 teams across 2 leagues (exciting league & fighting league) and put more emphasis on graphics and actual gameplay (for example, being able to change pitchers or batters and powering up batters which increased the size of your bat). Two additional games were made with the Baseball Stars title for SNK's handheld systems, Neo Geo Pocket and Neo Geo Pocket Color: Baseball Stars and Baseball Stars Color. Baseball Stars was released only in Japan and Europe, but Baseball Stars Color was also released in North America. Finally, there were two other Nintendo baseball games with the same "engine" that was featured in Baseball Stars 1 and 2, though not "officially" Baseball Stars games: Little League Baseball: Championship Series (1990) Legends of the Diamond (1992) - featuring baseball's all-time legends, such as Babe Ruth and Hank Aaron. Notes References External links Baseball Stars: Be a champ! at Arcade History Category:1989 video games Category:Arcade games Category:Baseball Stars video games Category:Nintendo Entertainment System games Category:SNK franchises Category:SNK games Category:PlayChoice-10 games Category:Video games developed in Japan |
Dead Girl Walking Dead Girl Walking is the nineteenth novel written by Christopher Brookmyre, and the sixth featuring journalist Jack Parlabane, the writer's most used character. The novel was released in the United Kingdom on 22 January 2015. Plot Jack Parlabane is asked to locate Heike Gunn, the lead singer of the band Savage Earth Heart. Parlabane searches for Gunn throughout Europe's capitals and remote regions of the Scottish islands. References Category:2015 British novels Category:Crime novels Category:Novels by Christopher Brookmyre Category:Novels set in Milan Category:Novels set in Berlin Category:Novels set in Barcelona |
Take 5 (candy) The Take 5 is a candy bar released by The Hershey Company in December 2004. The original name of the candy bar was TAKE5 but common usage among consumers added a space. In June 2019, when the candy bar became part of the Reese's family, the name officially was changed to Reese's Take 5. The "5" in the name refers to the combination of five ingredients: chocolate, peanuts, caramel, peanut butter, and pretzels. This unique combination of ingredients earned Reese's Take 5 top honors in the 2019 LA Times official candy bar power rankings. On February 2, 2020, Reese's Take 5 announced the creation of the world's largest chocolate and nut candy bar with a 5,943 pound bar measuring 9 feet in length. The Take5 was known as Max 5 in Canada but has since been discontinued. Product changes Although continuously producing the Take 5 using the original ingredients, The Hershey Company also produced several variations of the Take 5 after its initial release in 2004: Chocolate Cookie – Substitutes a chocolate cookie to replace the pretzel Marshmallow (limited edition) – Substitutes a marshmallow creme to replace the caramel Peanut butter – Has a peanut butter coating instead of milk chocolate White chocolate – Has a white chocolate coating instead of milk chocolate The wrappers for these Take 5 variations show the ingredient substitutions. At the beginning of 2016, Hershey partnered with a panel of "diverse millennial-aged students" to design a new wrapper and logo for the candy as part of a comeback campaign. (Advertising for Take 5 had been cut in 2011, due to Hershey struggling to find the best way to market the brand.) The new wrapper has a black background with ringed gray stripes and a new lime green logo. According to Take 5's brand manager, the new marketing campaign would focus on targeting millennials. The brand also used Twitter, Facebook, and Tumblr to revitalize its name. In June 2019, the candy was renamed to Reese's Take 5 and underwent a packaging change, with the primary color of the package changing from black to orange Also in June 2019, Hershey released that the ingredient peanut butter in TAKE5 has always been Reese's Peanut Butter. Formulation Changes Take 5, amongst other candy bar products often included cocoa butter, a fat derived from the cocoa bean. However, beginning in 2006 the price for cocoa butter began to increase dramatically, by 2008 the price per ton had increased from $4,000 to $8,100. This placed pressure on Hershey and other chocolate manufacturers to reduce costs. Staple products such as the Reese's peanut butter cups and Hershey's Kisses were not affected by the price change, but other products from the manufacturer saw a change in their composition, cocoa butter was substituted with other cheaper products, such as vegetable and sesame seed oil. However, in the end of 2014, The Hershey Company changed the formulation back to "milk chocolate". The new coating meets the FDA definition of milk chocolate that only allows the use of cocoa butter and milk fat. Nutrition information In September 2016 Hershey led the SmartLabel initiative, becoming the first brand to adopt that Grocery Manufacturers Association consumer-transparent packaging standard. One serving of Reese's Take 5 chocolate bar contains the following: 210 calories, Total Fat 11g Saturated fat 5g Trans fat 0g Cholesterol 0g Total Carbohydrate 26g Dietary fiber 1g Total sugars 18g includes 17g added sugar Protein 3g Vitamin D 0.1mcg Calcium 30mg Iron 1.2mg Potassium 120mg Records On January 31, 2020, the Hershey Company made a gigantic Take 5 chocolate bar that weighs 5,943 pounds. |
This bar holds the Guinness World Record for largest chocolate nut bar with the size measurements being 9 by 5.5 by 2 feet. References External links Hershey's official Take 5 site Category:The Hershey Company brands Category:Products introduced in 2004 Category:Chocolate bars Category:Pretzels Category:Chocolate Category:Confectionery |
Savanna Pastoral Neolithic The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic or SPN (formerly known as the Stone Bowl Culture) is a collection of ancient societies that appeared in the Rift Valley of East Africa and surrounding areas during a time period known as the Pastoral Neolithic. They were South Cushitic speaking pastoralists, who tended to bury their dead in cairns whilst their toolkit was characterized by stone bowls, pestles, grindstones and earthenware pots. Through archaeology, historical linguistics and archaeogenetics, they conventionally have been identified with the area's first Afroasiatic-speaking settlers. Archaeological dating of livestock bones and burial cairns has also established the cultural complex as the earliest center of pastoralism and stone construction in the region. Overview The makers of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic culture are believed to have arrived in the Rift Valley sometime during the Pastoral Neolithic period (c. 3,000 BCE-700 CE). Through a series of migrations from Horn of Africa, these early Cushitic-speaking pastoralists brought cattle and caprines southward from the Sudan and/or Ethiopia into northern Kenya, probably using donkeys for transportation. According to archaeological dating of associated artifacts and skeletal material, they first settled in the lowlands of Kenya between 5,200 and 3,300 ybp, a phase referred to as the Lowland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic. They subsequently spread to the highlands of Kenya and Tanzania around 3,300 ybp, which is consequently known as the Highland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic phase. Excavations in the area indicate that the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic peoples were primarily cattle pastoralists. They milked this livestock, and also possessed goats, sheep, and donkeys. They typically buried their deceased in cairns. Their toolkit was characterized by a blade and bladelet-based lithic industry, earthenware pots, stone bowls and pestles, and occasional grindstones. The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic peoples sometimes hunted medium and large game on the plains, and during the culture's lowland phase, they likewise fished in Lake Turkana. Sonia Mary Cole (1954) indicates that certain pestles and grindstones that she excavated from ochreous levels were stained with ochre, while others from the carbonized layers were not. She consequently suggests that the latter were instead used for grinding grain. Other scholars have argued that there is no direct archaeological evidence that SPN peoples cultivated grains or other plant domesticates. Although detailed information on this segment of African prehistory is not abundant, data so far available reveal a succession of cultural transformations within the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic. The transformations seem to have been fostered by both environmental change and population movements. Among these changes was the apparent abandonment of the stone bowls at around 1,300 years before present. Ancient DNA analysis of a Savanna Pastoral Neolithic bone excavated at the Luxmanda site in Tanzania found that the specimen carried a large proportion of ancestry related to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic culture of the Levant, similar to that borne by modern Afroasiatic-speaking populations inhabiting the Horn of Africa. This suggests that the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic culture bearers may have been Cushitic speakers. Language The SPN peoples are believed to have spoken languages from the South Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic. According to Christopher Ehret, linguistic research suggests that these Savanna Pastoral Neolithic populations were the first Afroasiatic speakers to settle in the Central Rift Valley and surrounding areas. The region was at the time of their arrival inhabited by Khoisan hunter-gatherers who spoke Khoisan languages and practiced an Eburran blade industry. Recent genetic analysis of ancient remains has proven that the population of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic were also responsible for the pastoralist Elmenteitan culture that lived in the Rift Valley during the same period. The linguistic chronology of the historic population movements into |
the Central Rift Valley as well as the present and past distribution of Afro-Asiatic speakers further suggests that SPN peoples likely spoke South Cushitic languages. Ehret (1998) proposes that among these idioms were the now extinct Tale and Bisha languages, which were identified on the basis of loanwords. These early Cushitic speakers in the region largely disappeared following the Bantu Expansion. Distribution The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic culture was initially distributed at elevations below 1,100 m in lowland northern Kenya (Lowland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic). Its range later extended to the highlands between central Kenya and northern Tanzania, at elevations above 1,500 m (Highland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic). The preferred settlement location for SPN sites was open wooded grassland on well-drained, gentle slopes of between 1,500 m to 2,050 m. Material culture The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic makers' characteristic stone bowls have been recovered from both their occupation sites and burial cairns. Their material culture was typified by several pottery styles, up to three of which may be found at a single site. Nderit pottery (previously known as Gumban A) was produced by early SPN herders in the Turkana Basin. The most diagnostic SPN pottery farther south is Narosura pottery, and some scholars group Akira (TIP), Maringishu (trellis motif), and herringbone-motif wares in with the SPN as well. In terms of funerary tradition, the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic peoples erected stone cairns in open spaces, rock shelters, crevices or against walls. The deceased were buried with a number of items, including stone bowls, pestle rubbers and ochre palettes. Large obsidian blades and other tools were also occasionally among the mortuary objects. Incisor removal was not a common feature of this population. References External links The Azanian Civilization and Megalithic Cushites Revisited The Azanian Civilisation Revisited Category:Afroasiatic peoples Category:History of Africa Category:Archaeological cultures of Africa |
Cartwright (surname) Cartwright is an English surname that originally means a maker of carts. Notable people with the surname include: Alan Cartwright (born 1945), British musician Alexander Cartwright (1820–1892), American engineer and supposed inventor of baseball Angela Cartwright (born 1952), British-born American actress Ann Cartwright (born 1925), British statistician and socio-medical researcher Anthony Cartwright (cricketer) (born 1940), New Zealand cricketer Anthony Cartwright (writer) (born 1973), British novelist Arnaud Cartwright Marts (1888–1970), American academic, president of Bucknell University (1935–1945) Bec Cartwright (born 1983), Australian actress and singer Ben Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Bill Cartwright (born 1957), American basketball player Bill Cartwright (disambiguation), several people Brian Cartwright (born 1948), American lawyer and astrophysicist Bryce Cartwright (born 1994), Australian Rugby League player Buns Cartwright (1887–1976), English cricketer and soldier Caleb Cartwright (1696?-1763), Irish academic and clergyman Carol A. Cartwright, American academic, president of Kent State University (1991–2006) and Bowling Green State University (2008) Casimir Cartwright van Straubenzee (1867–1956), British soldier Christopher Cartwright (1602–1658), English clergyman Cyril Cartwright, British cyclist D. F. Cartwright (1916–2009), British soldier, businessman and commercial fisherman David Cartwright (1920–1997), tenth Suffragan Bishop of Southampton Dave Cartwright (born 1943), British musician and author Deirdre Cartwright, British guitarist Ed Cartwright (1859–1933), American baseball player Edward David Cartwright (1920–1997), British bishop, Bishop of Southampton (1984–1989) Edmund Cartwright (1743–1823), British clergyman and inventor of the power loom Erik Cartwright (born 1950), musician Fairfax Cartwright (1823–1881), British politician Fairfax Leighton Cartwright (1857–1928), British author and diplomat, Ambassador to Austria-Hungary (1908–1913) Gary Cartwright (born 1952), former Australian politician Geoff Cartwright, Australian actor George Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Greg Cartwright (born 1970), American musician Mrs H. Cartwright (fl.1776 -1787), British writer Hannah Cartwright, a.k.a. Augustus Ghost, vocalist for Snow Ghosts Harold Cartwright (born 1951), English cricketer Hilton Cartwright (born 1990), Zimbabwean-Australian cricketer Hubert James Cartwright (1900–1958), Roman Catholic coadjutor bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington Hugh Cartwright (died 1572), English politician Ian Cartwright (born 1964), English footballer James Cartwright (born 1949), American soldier, eighth Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff James Cartwright (canoeist) (born 1976), Canadian canoeist Jim Cartwright (born 1958), English dramatist John Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Joe Cartwright (rugby league), English rugby league player Joseph Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Justin Cartwright (1945–2018), British novelist Julia Cartwright Ady (1851–1924), British art critic Kelly Cartwright (born 1989), Australian athlete Kit Cartwright (born 1954), American football administrator and a former American football player and coach Lee Cartwright (born 1972), English footballer Lionel Cartwright (born 1960), American country musician Lisa Cartwright, American scholar of visual culture Lynn Cartwright (1927–2004), American actress Mark Cartwright (born 1973), English footballer Matt Cartwright (born 1961), American lawyer and politician representing the 8th district of Pennsylvania in the US House of Representatives Mary Cartwright (1900–1998), British mathematician Nancy Cartwright (born 1957), American voice actress Nancy Cartwright (philosopher) (born 1943), American philosopher Oscar Ling Cartwright (1900–1983), American entomologist who specialized in scarab beetles Peggy Cartwright (1912–2001), Canadian silent-era actress Peter Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Philip Cartwright (1880-1955), English cricketer Randy Cartwright (born 1951), American animator Rianti Cartwright (born 1983), Indonesian actress, model and television presenter Richard Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Robert Cartwright, art director Rock Cartwright (born 1979), American football player Ryan Cartwright (born 1981), British actor Samuel Cartwright (1789–1864), British dentist Samuel A. Cartwright (1793–1863), Confederate States of America physician Silvia Cartwright (born 1943), New Zealand lawyer, 18th Governor-General of New Zealand (2001–2006) Steve Cartwright, American computer and video game designer Stephen Cartwright (1947–2004), British illustrator Thomas Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Tom Cartwright (1935–2007), English cricketer Veronica Cartwright (born 1949), English actress Vincent Cartwright (1882–1965), English rugby union player and |
cricketer Walter Cartwright (1871-????), English footballer Wilburn Cartwright (1892–1979), American lawyer and politician William Cartwright (disambiguation), multiple people Fictional people From the television series Bonanza: Adam Cartwright, the oldest child of Ben Cartwright Ben Cartwright (character), cattle rancher, patriarch of the Cartwright clan Hoss Cartwright, the middle son of Ben Cartwright Jamie Hunter Cartwright, the adopted son of Ben Cartwright Little Joe Cartwright, the youngest Cartwright Other fictional characters: Fleet Admiral Cartwright, a character in the Star Trek universe Annie Cartwright, policewoman in Life on Mars Harold Cartwright, a protagonist from Grand Theft Auto: London 1969 and Grand Theft Auto: London 1961 Helen Cartwright, one of the main characters from Nights: Journey of Dreams Lorna Cartwright, former character in EastEnders Madge Cartwright, the sole heiress to Cartwright's Soap Empire; and fiancee of Teddy Meldrum in You Rang, M'Lord Rosie Cartwright, member of The Sleepover Club Casey Cartwright, one of the main characters from Greek Rusty Cartwright, one of the main characters from Greek See also Cartwright (disambiguation) Wainwright (name) Wheelwright Wright (surname) Category:English-language surnames Category:Occupational surnames |
Rudi Lorch Rudi Lorch (born 20 January 1966) is a retired German football player. He spent three seasons in the Bundesliga with VfB Stuttgart. Honours Bundesliga champion: 1983–84 DFB-Pokal finalist: 1985–86 References External links Category:1966 births Category:Living people Category:German footballers Category:Bundesliga players Category:VfB Stuttgart players Category:VfB Stuttgart II players Category:Association football midfielders |
Derebaşı Derebaşı may refer to: In Turkey: Derebaşı, Bozyazı, a village in Bıozyazı district of Mersin Province Derebaşı, Nazilli, a village in Nazilli district of Aydın Province Derebaşı, Rize, a village in the central district of Rize Province, see populated places in Rize Province Derebaşı, İkizce, a village in İkizce district of Ordu Province, see populated places in Ordu Province Derebaşı, Mesudiye, a village in Mesudiye district of Ordu Province, see populated places in Ordu Province Derebaşı, Tire, a village in Tire district of İzmir Province, see populated places in İzmir Province Derebaşı, Yenice a village in Yenice district of Karabük Province, see populated places in Karabük Province |
2011–12 in Scottish football The 2011–12 season is the 115th season of competitive football in Scotland. Overview To be announced Transfer deals League competitions Scottish Premier League Scottish First Division Scottish Second Division Scottish Third Division Scottish Premier Under-19 League Honours Cup honours Non-league honours Senior Junior West Region East Region North Region Individual honours PFA Scotland awards SFWA awards Scottish clubs in Europe Summary Current UEFA coefficients: Ranking (No. 25) Celtic were reinstated taking Sion's place in Group I as the Swiss side fielded ineligible players during their tie. Celtic were awarded both of the matches as a 3–0 forfeit, resulting in a boost to their coefficient from 0.5 to 2.0. Rangers 2011–12 UEFA Champions League 2011–12 UEFA Europa League Celtic 2011–12 UEFA Europa League Sion defeated Celtic in the initial two-legged tie by an aggregate score of 3–1. Celtic had played both games under protest to UEFA after Sion fielded five ineligible players over the two games. Sion were forced to forfeit both ties against Celtic after UEFA found them guilty of the charge, with UEFA awarding Celtic 3–0 wins in both legs. Heart of Midlothian 2011–12 UEFA Europa League Dundee United 2011–12 UEFA Europa League National teams Scotland national team Scotland Under-21 team Women's football League and Cup honours Individual honours SWF awards Scotland women's national team Glasgow City 2011–12 UEFA Women's Champions League Deaths 1 July: Willie Fernie, 82, Celtic and Scotland forward; Kilmarnock manager. 31 July: Willie Corbett, 88, Celtic, Dunfermline and Morton defender. 16 August: Frank Munro, 63, Dundee United, Aberdeen, Celtic and Scotland defender. 27 August: John Parke, 74, Hibs defender. 28 August: Bernie Gallacher, 44, Aston Villa defender. 7 September: Derek Grierson, 79, Queen's Park, Rangers and Falkirk forward. 20 November: David Cargill, 75, Arbroath winger. 6 December: Lawrie Tierney, 52, Hearts and Hibs midfielder. 9 January: Bill Dickie, 82, Motherwell director; Scottish Football Association president. 14 February: Tom McAnearney, 79, Sheffield Wednesday player. 28 April: Tom Spence, 50, Stirling Albion defender; Albion Rovers manager. 4 June: Bobby Black, 85, East Fife and Queen of the South winger. 22 June: Jackie Neilson, 83, St Mirren wing half. References Category:Seasons in Scottish football |
Lebowitz Lebowitz is a surname, and may refer to: Baruch Ber Lebowitz Fischl Lebowitz, birth name of Fred Lebow (1932–1994) Fran Lebowitz, a writer known for her sardonic social commentary. Joel Lebowitz Mike Lebowitz (born 1977), American attorney and expert in the field of military law Rachel Lebowitz See also Liebowitz Leibowitz Leibovitz Category:Jewish surnames |
1989 Fiji rugby union tour of Europe The 1989 Fiji rugby union tour of Europe was a series of matches played in October–November 1989 in Europe by Fiji national rugby union team. Results References Note Fiji tour Category:Fiji national rugby union team tours tour tour tour Category:Rugby union tours of Scotland Category:Rugby union tours of England Category:Rugby union tours of France |
Maury A. Bromsen Maury Austin Bromsen (1919–2005) was an American bibliophile and dealer of antiquarian books, maps, and manuscripts relating to the Spanish colonization of the Americas. He earned an undergraduate degree from the City College of New York, and a master's degree in Latin American history from U.C. Berkeley. Bromsen began selling books as early as 1941, while teaching at City College in New York, and spent two years at the University of Chile, in 1941 and in 1947, as both student and teacher. For several years Bromsen was a member of the Department of Cultural Affairs for the Pan American Union. During this time, he founded the quarterly Revista Interamericana de Bibliografía / Inter-American Review of Bibliography and acted as Executive Secretary of the Medina Centennial Exhibition held in Washington D.C. in November 1952. Upon his demise Bromsen left the John Carter Brown Library more than four million dollars and approximately 10,000 books and several thousand manuscripts. External links The Lincoln Bequest of Maury A. Bromsen Obituary in The San Diego-Union Tribune Legacy of a bookman Bromsen's Memorabilia of José Toribio Medina Category:1919 births Category:2005 deaths Category:American book and manuscript collectors Category:Bibliophiles |
Kvernberget Kvernberget (literally "Mill Cliff" or "Mill Mountain") is a barren mountain formation with a maximum elevation of . The mountain is located on the island of Nordlandet on the western edge of the town of Kristiansund in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. Kristiansund Airport, Kvernberget, which sits nearby, takes its name from the mountain. For a number of years, Kvernberget and the surrounding area have been popular for hiking and simple mountaineering activities, and the summit is Kristiansund's most popular hiking destination. From the summit, much of the Nordmøre district of Møre og Romsdal county may be seen in fair weather. A drinking water reservoir is located inside the mountain. Navigation By the early Middle Ages, there was already a need to navigate the ocean north of Nordmøre, a long time before 1742, the year Kristiansund became a town. The most important urban area of Nordmøre in the Middle Ages was the fishing village of Grip, an island in the ocean north of Kristiansund. For the fishermen in the area, it was important to find their regular fishing places, so they observed the land and used mountains such as Kvernberget and other landmarks to find their way. History Løwenørn, a Danish mariner, described this part of the Norwegian coast in 1791–1803. He tells that Kvernberget was used by the navigators onboard ships just outside Trondheimsleia. He mentions all the mountains on shore: Skarven (on Tustna), Stemshesten, Magnillberget, Freikollen, Quærn-Bierget (an old-fashioned way to spell Kvernberget), and Plak-Myssen. Name The name Kvernberget is probably a thousand years old, and refers to the mountain's resemblance to a medieval Quern-stone of a form which is still used in North Africa today. Fishermen working in the sea off of the island and fishing village of Grip navigated by the mountain, which they named after the tool they had at home, the hand mill for grinding corn to flour. A lot of mountains along the Norwegian shore are obviously named because they look like something. Bjønnahaugen (the bears hill), on Nordlandet in Kristiansund, looks like a sleeping bear. On Averøya, west of Kristiansund, is a mountain that is called Bremsneshatten, which is thought to look like a hat. Løwenørn calls it Plak-Myssen (a kind of seal), in the Middle Ages it was probably Brimill. The mountain looks like the head of a seal sticking out of the seabed. References Category:Mountains of Møre og Romsdal Category:Kristiansund |
Butaw District Butaw District (Buto) is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 3,892. References Category:Districts of Liberia Category:Sinoe County |
Protentomon fallax Protentomon fallax is a species of proturan in the family Protentomidae. It is found in Africa. References Category:Protura Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Animals described in 1948 |
The Clutha The Clutha was a traditional Scottish band hailing from Glasgow, that released a small number of albums in the 1970s. The line-up on the Clutha's first album, Scotia (1971), was John Eaglesham (vocal, concertina), Erlend Voy (fiddle, concertina, vocals), Calum Allan (fiddle), Ronnie Alexander (vocals, guitar) and Gordeanna McCulloch (vocals). The same band members are credited on their 1974 album, Scots Ballads Songs & Dance Tunes. By the time of their 1977 release, The Bonnie Mill Dams, Jimmy Anderson had joined the group on chamber pipes and bagpipes, and Eaglesham had left the group. History In 1957, Norman Buchan was a teacher at Rutherglen Academy. He formed a Ballads Club. Among the pupils who joined up were Gordeanna McCulloch. She fell in love with singing and travelled to London, to attend one of Ewan MacColl's weekend seminars at his home in Beckenham, Kent. She sang briefly with the Clydesiders a group formed at school, and in 1964 joined The Clutha. The name is the Latin word for the Clyde. The band played traditional Scottish tunes and sang songs in Scots. The Small Pipes When The Clutha added Jimmy Anderson on the lowland pipes on "Bonnie Mill Dams" (1977) they were pioneers, in that the instrument had rarely been heard for 100 years, and not previously recorded. They won the Peter Cooke Cup for Scots ceilidh bands in 1971, 1972 and 1973. Although they did not record again until 2001, they have continued to host ceilidh dances. In 2001, The Clutha released an album entitled On the Braes, with Ronnie Alexander (vocals, guitar), Erlend Voy (fiddle, concertina, vocals), Callum Allan (fiddle), Gordeanna McCulloch (vocals) and Tom Johnstone (pipes). McCulloch solo In 1965, McCulloch appeared on a compilation album on Topic Records. In 1978 she released her own solo album, Sheath and Knife, on which she unearthed obscure Scottish songs. Since then she has appeared on six compilation albums and recorded another solo album. To cover her absence during a Brittany tour, the band temporarily recruited Heather Heywood to stand in as a vocals singer. She died in 2019. Norman Buchan MP Buchan became a Labour Member of Parliament and was the organiser of the Edinburgh Folk Festival for several years. Discography The Clutha Scotia! (1971, Argo ZFB18 stereo) The Streets of Glasgow (1973, Topic 12TS226 stereo compilation album with other Glaswegian traditional musicians) Scots Ballads Songs & Dance Tunes (1974, Topic 12TS242 stereo) The Bonnie Mill Dams (1977, 12TS330 stereo) On The Braes (2001) Gordeanna McCulloch New Voices From Scotland (1965, 12T133) Sheath and Knife (1978, Topic 12TS370, accompanied by the Clutha) In Freenship's Name (1999) For more on the discography, see. References Category:Scottish musical groups Category:Musical groups from Glasgow |
Zoltan Harmat Zoltan "Shimshon" Harmat (August 20, 1900 in Sighet, Hungary - June 1, 1985 in Israel) was an Israeli architect. Biography Zoltan Harmat was born in the city of Sighet, Hungary (1900-1985). Harmat's parents provided him with a rich education and cultural experience. His father served as a teacher and director of a local Jewish school. At the end of high school, Harmat decided to study architecture at the Technical Institute of Budapest and completed his degree in 1924. A year after graduating, Harmat decided to immigrate to Israel. He joined a firm lead by the renowned British architect Albert Clifford Holliday and worked there for the next five years. During this period, he participated in the planning of many projects, including the building near the St Andrew's Church, Jerusalem Cinematheque (1927), the Jerusalem Municipality building on Jaffa Street 22 (1930), a Biblical Society Building, 7 Yohana Megush Halav Street (1926), and the outpatient eye clinic on Hebron road, currently the Jerusalem House of Quality. Around the 1930s and 1940s, he designed, independently, homes for elite families in Jerusalem. One of his most famous designs is the Holyland residential complex (Hotel) located near the Malha neighborhood. The Hotel was planned in 1952 and completed in 1958. Harmat designed the Hotel implementing a modern "International Style" type of architecture and utilizing traditional Jerusalem white limestone. Selected projects Zoltan Harmat designed over 150 architectural projects. All projects are designed and built in Jerusalem unless otherwise stated. Biblical Society Building, 7 Yohana Megush Halav Street (the late 20s) St. Andrew's Scottish Church (the late 20s) Jerusalem Municipality historic building and Barclays Bank, 22 Jaffa Road (1930) Clinic of the St. John Eye Hospital, today Jerusalem House of Quality (the early 30s) The home of Hanania, a contractor, 32 Keren Hayesod Street (1931) The home of Shalom Horowitz, an attorney, 20 Ahad Ha'am Street, Talbieh (1931) The home of Braude, an accountant, 22 Ahad Ha'am Street, Talbieh (1931) The home of Hanna Salameh, a merchant, 2 Balfour Street, Talbiyeh (1932) The home of Oved Ben-Ami, the first mayor of Netanya, originally built in Netanya but now no longer standing (1935-1937) Gallery References Further reading External links Category:1900 births Category:1985 deaths Category:Jewish artists Category:Hungarian Jews Category:Hungarian architects Category:Hungarian emigrants to Israel Category:Israeli architects Category:Architects in Mandatory Palestine Category:People from Jerusalem |
Veselka Veselka is a Ukrainian 24-hour restaurant in New York City’s East Village. It was established in 1954 by Wolodymyr Darmochwal (Ukr. Володимир Дармохвал) and his wife, Olha Darmochwal (Ukr. Ольга Дармохвал), post–World War II Ukrainian refugees. Veselka is one of the last of many Slavic restaurants that once proliferated the neighborhood. A cookbook, published in October 2009 by St. Martin’s Press, highlights more than 120 of the restaurant’s Eastern European recipes. A sister restaurant, Veselka Bowery, on East 1st Street and Bowery, opened in November 2011. It closed in 2013. History In 1954, the Darmochwals purchased a candy shop and newsstand at Second Avenue and East 9th Street in New York City in an effort to help the Ukrainian Youth Association purchase the building that housed its headquarters. Wolodymyr Darmochwal gave this venture the moniker ‘’Veselka’’ – the Ukrainian word for rainbow. In 1960, Darmochwal combined the candy store and newsstand with an adjacent luncheonette. In the following years, as the East Village became known as the Haight-Ashbury of the east coast, Veselka became a social center for a cross-section of the community that included old-world tradition and new-world counterculture. By the time that New York City’s economic crisis hit in the 1970s, Veselka was a fixture in the neighborhood. It was able to expand during the economic recovery of the 1980s, at which time the row of phone booths at the rear of the restaurant came to be used as informal office space for East Village performance artists. The 1980s, Veselka began receiving reviews and awards that spread its reputation beyond its immediate neighborhood. That reputation was further cemented when the restaurant was used as a location for the films Trust the Man (2006), Nick and Norah’s Infinite Playlist (2008), Trainwreck (2015), Ocean's 8 (2018) and Billions (2018) and memorialized in the songs "Veselka Diner" by Doctor Rokit and “Veselka” by Greta Gertler, which was National Public Radio’s “Song of the Day” on January 24, 2008. Veselka is also featured in City of Fallen Angels, the fourth book in Cassandra Clare's The Mortal Instruments series. Anthony Bourdain filmed an interview with publicist Danny Fields at Veselka that appeared in the final episode of Parts Unknown on CNN in 2018. Veselka produces 3,000 pierogis by hand every day and uses 500 pounds of beets to make 5,000 gallons of borscht every week. The restaurant has attracted notable patrons including musician Ryan Adams, artist Sally Davies, director Bart Freundlich, performance artist Penny Arcade, comedian Jon Stewart and actors Julianne Moore, Chris Noth, Parker Posey, Justin Long and Debra Messing (who considers Veselka her “late-night mainstay” and her “absolute favorite place"). Veselka remains a family-run business: it is currently owned by Darmochwal's son-in-law, Tom Birchard, who began working at Veselka in 1967, and run by the founder’s grandson, Jason Birchard. The founders' son, Mykola Darmochwal, maintains a role as consultant. Veselka continues to support the needs of neighborhood residents and Eastern European immigrants: in 1994, its kitchen staff included four doctors, three from Ukraine and one from Poland, who had recently arrived in the United States. Reviews and awards Reviews of Veselka in traditional press highlight its comfort food menu and describe the restaurant as a destination for late-night diners. After a renovation in 1995, The New York Times reassured regulars that the restaurant had not changed its menu. Representative awards include: “True Taste of New York Award” from the New York City Hospitality Alliance in 2019 “Age Smart Employer Awards” from Columbia University’s Columbia Aging Center at the Mailman School of Public Health, 2017 “Best Comfort Food” from AOL CITY |
GUIDE in 2005. “Best Late Night Dining Award” from Time Out Magazine in 1996 and 2003. “Best Salad Under $10” from New York Press, 2001 “Best East Village Diner” from New York Press, 1998 and 2000 “Best Ukrainian Diner” from New York Press, 1999 “Best Borscht In The City” from New York Magazine, 1997 “Best Mushroom Barley Soup” from New York Press, 1990 Other locations Little Veselka Little Veselka, located in New York City's First Park, was a concession of the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. It was operated by Veselka and offered a limited menu – primarily sandwiches named for famous Ukrainians and select others, including; Andy Warhol (the Andy Warhola), Leon Trotsky, Rinat Akhmetov, Milla Jovovich and Leonid Stadnik. It closed in 2011. Veselka Bowery A sister restaurant, Veselka Bowery, located on East 1st Street and Bowery, opened in November 2011. Veselka Bowery offered a more “upscale” version of the Ukrainian comfort food that remains a staple of the menu of the original Veselka. It also offered an expansive drink menu and a selection of dozens of Eastern European vodkas. Veselka Bowery ran from November, 2011 to April, 2013. See also East Village, Manhattan Kiev Restaurant Little Ukraine Notes References Danford, Natalie; Tom Birchard (2009). The Veselka Cookbook: Recipes and Stories from the Landmark Restaurant in New York's East Village. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. . External links Main Website New York Magazine: This Mural Can Be Yours New York Times: A Ukrainian Beacon in the East Village WOR Radio, New York: Interview with Tom Birchard Kyiv Post: Veselka serves hundreds daily with Ukrainian cuisine in Manhattan Thrillist: Every LES Spot Anthony Bourdain Visited in Last Night’s Final 'Parts Unknown' TimeOut Magazine: 50 Reasons Why NYC is the Greatest City in the World Category:Restaurants in Manhattan Category:Drinking establishments in Manhattan Category:History of immigration to the United States Category:Restaurants established in 1954 Category:Restaurants established in 2011 Category:Ukrainian-American culture in New York City Category:Ukrainian restaurants Category:East Village, Manhattan |
Manila Peninsula siege The Manila Peninsula siege occurred on November 29, 2007, at The Peninsula Manila hotel in Makati, Philippines. Senator Antonio Trillanes IV, Brigadier General Danilo Lim, and 25 other Magdalo (mutineers) officers walked out of their trial and marched through the streets of Makati. The mutineers called for the ousting of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, and seized the Rizal function room on the second floor of the Manila Peninsula Hotel along Ayala Avenue. Former Vice-President Teofisto Guingona, Jr. as well as some of the soldiers from the Armed Forces of the Philippines joined the march to the hotel. After several hours, Trillanes and Lim surrendered to government forces after a military armored personnel carrier barged into the glass door of the hotel lobby and the hotel walls and windows sustained weapons damage. Trillanes and the mutineers were arrested while several journalists covering the event were detained. The journalists were subsequently released. Occupation Led by Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Army Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim, thirty soldiers with armed guards, on trial for the 2003 Oakwood Mutiny, walked out of court and marched towards the luxury Peninsula Manila Hotel. They were joined by former vice-president Teofisto Guingona, Jr., who called the gathering "New EDSA". They were also joined by other military personnel and civilians carrying M-16 or M-14 rifles. The soldiers, some of whom were carrying and wearing Magdalo (mutineers) flags and pins, marched along Makati Avenue and occupied The Peninsula Manila Hotel's second floor. Sen. Trillanes and Brig. Gen. Lim stayed in the Rizal function room negotiating most of the time. Arroyo called for an emergency Cabinet meeting as she took a helicopter back to the Malacañan Palace amid tight security. Novaliches Catholic Bishop Antonio Tobias, Infanta Bishop Emeritus Julio Labayen, Jimmy Regalario of the Kilusang makabansang Ekonomiya, Father Robert Reyes, former University of the Philippines president Francisco Nemenzo, Bishop Julius Labayen, Bishop Antonio Tobias, and Fr. Robert Reyes joined Trillanes's group, as Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita and Presidential Spokesperson-Press Secretary Ignacio Bunye rushed back to Malacañang. The Presidential Security Group sealed off the Palace while troops secured the North and South Luzon Expressways. A website soon appeared, proclaiming Lim and Senator Antonio Trillanes IV as the leaders of the coup. The website entry read: "Senator Antonio Trillanes, Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim, Magdalo soldiers, their guards and the people have started marching towards Makati triangle. [...] We presently find in existence a dangerous concept where the armed forces now owe their primary allegiance and loyalty to those who temporarily exercise the authority of the executive branch of the government rather than to the country and the Constitution they have sworn to protect. That is a concept we defy and struggle to eradicate. If you believe you are a man of will and courage with unselfish motives and brave enough to fight against such tyranny, rise up and be counted!" The Philippine National Police declared a red alert status in Metro Manila as a result of the incident. At 2:46 pm PST, Police Director Geary Barias, chief of the National Capital Region Police Office, ordered everyone inside the Manila Peninsula to vacate, according to reports on radio and television. "I am asking all guests of the hotel to leave so that we can do our jobs," Barias said in a live interview. Siege and assault The Philippine military rushed at least three battalions of infantry, consisting of roughly 1,500 troops, to Metro Manila's Makati business district to crush the mutiny. The Philippine Marines on Thursday said it would be loyal to the chain of command and would help crush the |
rebellion led by Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim. The Marines sent three armored personnel carriers and two trucks of troops to Makati to support government police and military units in the area. Judge Oscar Pimentel, Makati Regional Trial Court, issued an arrest warrant and Director Geary Barias, National Capital Region Police Office director, stated "Arrests will be made at 3 p.m." The Philippine National Police (PNP) gave Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim until this time to surrender, as it evacuated guests and personnel inside The Peninsula Manila Hotel. Lim stated: "We make this fateful step of removing Mrs. Macapagal Arroyo from the presidency and undertake the formation of a new government." The planned assault was held off until 3:58 p.m. At 3:58 p.m., 50 Special Weapons and Tactics commandos lined up outside The Peninsula Manila Hotel to enforce the arrest of rebel soldiers. The commandos, who were carrying gas masks, went into formation after rebel soldiers refused to accept warrants for their arrest. There were indications that the armed rebel soldiers inside the hotel were ready for battle. The Special Action Force was involved in raiding the hotel. Armored personnel carriers and Armoured fighting vehicles (AFV) of the police and the military were also dispatched around the building. The movement intensified after 4 p.m., when policemen in full-battle gear fired warning shots as they prepared to storm the hotel. Footage taken by ABS-CBN Sky Patrol showed Special Weapons and Tactics commandos moving in battle formation towards the hotel. Glass on the windows was broken to allow the dispersal of tear gas to those held up inside the hotel. Afterwards, an exchange of fire was heard between the military and the Magdalo Group. Firing stopped at 4:30 p.m. Bishop Julio Labayen appealed: "Please do not storm the place.. so nobody gets hurt." (4:37 p.m.) Various TV and radio crews, as well as other media personnel, were trapped in the hotel, while the Palace appealed to media and the public to stay away from Makati. The AFV broke into hotel lobby at 5:10 p.m., with soldiers pouring into the hotel. Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim decided to surrender to the arresting authorities to avoid loss of lives as several journalists and other civilians were with them. Director Geary Barias declared that the standoff at the Manila Peninsula Hotel was over as the mutinous soldiers agreed to leave the hotel and surrender to Barias after the 6 hour siege (5:30 p.m.). Arrests Trillanes, Lim, and their cohorts, and Guingona were arrested by the Philippine National Police and were sent to National Capital Region Police Office headquarters in Camp Bagong Diwa, Taguig. ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs, Bloomberg News, NHK, DWIZ, Manila Bulletin and Malaya journalists who were covering the event were also arrested. All of them were asked to leave their belongings and to not bring anything with them. They were advised by a lawyer not to talk as what the police were doing was against the law and violated their rights. Roman Catholic priest Fr. Robert Reyes and Bishop Julio Labayen were also seen boarding the same bus where the arrested press correspondents were transported in. The Special Action Force was involved in arresting Brigadier General Danilo Lim. Trillanes said he was ready to face whatever charges the government will give him. In a TV interview with ABS-CBN, National Defense Secretary Gilberto Teodoro defended the arrests of media reporters as the arresting officers "didn't know the journalists and may have mistook them as renegade soldiers," although several of these journalists |
were hosting several prominent TV programs. Several journalists, mostly from TV and radio, were released at the NCRPO HQ. It was announced that a curfew from midnight to 5 am will be implemented in the regions of Metro Manila, Central Luzon, and CALABARZON for the night of November 29–30. Aftermath The Philippine National Police ordered a manhunt for the soldiers who escaped from the hotel, including Marine Captain Nicanor Faeldon; meanwhile, several persons of interest were detained at Camp Bagong Diwa in Taguig. Several journalists were also "processed" at Camp Bagong Diwa and were subsequently released. On December 1, fifty individuals, including Trillanes, were charged of rebellion at inquest proceedings. On December 3, the Peninsula Manila became fully operational with an estimated damage at US$1.2 million. The next day, Armed Forces chief-of-staff Hermogenes Esperon announced the arrest of Communist New People’s Army operative Myrna Hombrebueno in connection with the rebellion, proving the connection between the Communists and rebels. Had Trillanes succeeded, according to Esperon, a National Transition Council (NTC), allegedly would replace the Arroyo administration, and the Philippines put under a "lean and mean" military and police force (per 5-page document – "Proposed Program"). Razon himself revealed that a "female press reporter" provided Faeldon a fake press I.D. card that caused his escape and that he is still inside Metro Manila. Razon also sacked the Makati City police chief for failure to prevent the walk-out. The Makati City Regional Trial Court (RTC), upon receiving the cases on December 6, dismissed the cases against Guingona, Reyes, and other civilians, on December 13. Reactions Domestic Chief Justice Reynato Puno reiterated that he was not interested in a proposal to head a caretaker government if President Arroyo was removed from power. Sen. Rodolfo Biazon, a former Armed Forces Chief of Staff, said he hopes that the situation will not end up in "soldiers killing each other. I hope no more officers and even enlisted men are going to be sacrificed because they were either influenced or they were ordered to do things. I hope the turn of events [is] not going to be rejected by our people," Sen. Gregorio Honasan, who was implicated in the Oakwood mutiny, called for calm and sobriety. Sen. Juan Miguel Zubiri called on the government to begin the negotiation efforts. He suggested that Honasan is the "best person" to lead the negotiations. Senate Minority Leader Aquilino Pimentel Jr., meanwhile, said he supports the calls for President Arroyo’s resignation but he said these should be done through peaceful means. Sen. Benigno Aquino III said the move of Trillanes reflects the "utter frustrations" of many Filipinos. Sen. Manuel Roxas II, however, said any call for reforms should be done through legitimate programs and not through force. Justice Secretary Raul Gonzalez said that President Arroyo will not declare a state of emergency because of the mutiny. Press Secretary Ignacio Bunye said law enforcers were given internal guidelines on how to handle Trillanes and his group. Defense Secretary Gilbert Teodoro has ordered the re-arrest of Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Brigadier Gen. Danny Lim. Interior Secretary Ronaldo Puno said, "We will finish it today" Lingayen-Dagupan Archbishop Oscar V. Cruz declared his support to the Rebel-turned-Senator Trillanes and echoed his call for the resignation of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Armed Forces of the Philippines Chief General Hermogenes Esperon meanwhile said that they will take full measures to prevent any trouble in the area. Col. Ricardo Nepomuceno of the Philippine Military Academy said that they are now on alert as well. Nepomuceno said that there have been no reactions from the cadets in the academy. |
CBCP president and Jaro Archbishop Angel Lagdameo stated that the standoff and curfew serve as preview to Martial Law: "Yesterday and last night, the people holed-in at Peninsula Manila had a foretaste of what Martial Law could be. God save us from the worse!" The Foreign Correspondents Association of the Philippines (FOCAP) [Burd Wang, Manila Correspondent of Guangming Daily of China] stated in a letter to Ignacio Bunye that the journalists arrested were "treated arbitrarily by authorities; We hope, that through your office, there will be no repetition of this deplorable action." The National Union of Journalists of the Philippines (NUJP) said in a statement that the Philippine National Police (PNP) treated the journalists as "enemies of the state. We protest in strongest terms the PNPs move to forcibly bring some journalists to the National Capital Region Police Office in Bicutan and condemn the confiscation of video footage of the day-long stand-off at the Manila Peninsula Hotel." Accordingly, the PNP leadership apologized to media representatives and crew, but it refused to accept that their response was "overkill". Mariano Garchitorena, the Manila Peninsula hotel’s public manager, stated that: Trillanes and company were gentlemen "To be fair di naman sila nag-abuso ng hotel namin (To be fair, they did not abuse our hotel staff). They were very gentlemanly in their act. They did not bother our staff and they did not bother our guests; He (Trillanes) assured us that they meant no harm to civilian to guests and all our staff of course." The Philippine Press Institute, in a statement, described the detention of mediamen as an “unprecedented assault on press freedom. Patently unconstitutional and carried out with such impunity that the innocent captives were treated like common criminals, cuffed, ordered to raise their hands in surrender, and bussed to the country's most notorious camp, Bagong Diwa, in Bicutan.” Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr. agreed with Trillanes that there should be "reforms at the top; the rule of law must prevail in our people’s collective cry for reforms; Without a doubt we need reforms at the top. That is the reason we launched the moral revolution so the nation can retake the moral high ground and decisively move from the continuing crisis in our midst to a renewal of our values." Judge Oscar Pimentel, Makati Regional Trial Court Branch 148 said "the walkout (actions) of some of the accused were an entirely different case and has no bearing from the one being tried before his chamber". Interior and Local Government Secretary Ronaldo Puno chided Makati City Mayor Jejomar Binay to punish Makati police officials for not immediately informing him about the siege, instead of blaming the Philippine National Police. Sen. Jamby Madrigal, who was the biggest campaign contributor of Trillanes when he ran for senator, did not visit Trillanes at Camp Crame detention center and parted ways: “Thank you, Sonny [Trillanes’s nickname]. But let us just part ways." International community Australia: The Australian Embassy cautioned their citizens and said, "Australians are advised to avoid the immediate area. Further demonstrations could occur over the weekend (December 1–2, 2007)" Canada: Canada's Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade has posted a warning on its website for Canadians living in the Philippines to be careful with the implementation of the curfew. Singapore: Singapore has advised any Singaporeans in Manila to monitor any changes regarding the mutiny and to check in with the Singaporean embassy. : South Korea has advised all South Korean citizens and nationals to avoid going to the Manila Peninsula for the next 4/5 days as a safety precaution. The South Korean President |
also said they do not support any military coup de`etat such as the Manila Peninsula Rebellion or the Oakwood Mutiny. United Kingdom: The British Embassy advised its nationals to exercise caution and take sensible precautions, and avoid large crowds and gatherings. The statement said, "You should exercise caution and take sensible precautions for your personal safety and avoid any large crowds, political gatherings and demonstrations. You should also keep yourself informed of developments and follow the advice of local authorities" United States: "The United States and the Philippines are long-time democratic allies and the US Embassy wishes to take this opportunity to reiterate our government's support for the rule of law, constitutional order, and the government of the Philippines; a statement from the US Embassy in Manila said, U.S. Ambassador Kristie A. Kenney has spoken with officials at Malacañan Palace to reiterate our confidence that this incident is swiftly and peacefully resolved by the Philippine National Police, supported by the Armed Forces of the Philippines, in accordance with Philippine law." Kenney stated: "No, we do not support extra-constitutional means to change government, in the Philippines or anywhere else in the world, I think it's always disturbing when you see people behaving contrary to the rule of law and constitutional authority; Washington will continue to "remain a very, very strong ally" of Arroyo, who is President George W. Bush's key ally in the Southeast Asian theatre of the US-led "war on terror; "We want this country to move forward." References External links ABS-CBN News Philippine Daily Inquirer Timeline, Oakwood Mutiny Oakwood Mutiny Backgrounder Destabilization efforts against the Arroyo administration Profile, Antonio Fuentes Trillanes IV Profile, Brigadier General Danilo Lim Transcript: Statement of Brig. Gen. Danilo Lim, Magdalo soldier Sundalo:Tagapagtanggol ng Pilipino (Soldiers: Protector of the People), a Website containing various statements by Trillanes, et al. Inquirer.net, Updated List of 50 Detainees as of 02:33am (Mla time) 12/01/2007 Sun Star, Manila Peninsula Siege TIMELINE ABS-CBN, Rebellion in Makati, PHOTOS|TIMELINE|QUOTES|CHRONOLOGY|PAHAYAG NG PANGULO Category:Rebellions in the Philippines Category:Conflicts in 2007 Category:2007 in the Philippines Category:Mutinies Category:Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Category:History of Metro Manila Philippines Category:November 2007 events in Asia |
Samuel J. F. Thayer Samuel J. F. Thayer (1842–1893) was an American architect, notable for designing buildings such as the Providence City Hall and the Cathedral of St. George, as well as the city halls of Brookline, Stoughton, and Methuen, Massachusetts. Biography Thayer studied under J.D. Towle. He lived for a time in South Boston, Massachusetts, and enlisted in the 5th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers during the Civil War, serving from October 1862 to July 1863. After the war, Thayer collaborated briefly with Boston architect Abel C. Martin, forming the firm Martin & Thayer. This firm designed the Centenary Methodist Church in Stanstead, Quebec, a Gothic Revival structure, in 1866-69. In 1867 they designed a large summer hotel on Lake Memphremagog, Quebec near the American border. By 1869 the partnership with Martin had ended, and both opened separate offices. Thayer then went on to design the Town Hall of Brookline, Massachusetts, Providence City Hall in 1878, and the Dartmouth College library in 1885. He shot himself in a fit of despondency, dying on February 28, 1893. He had been "in ill health for some time," and reportedly had money troubles. He left behind a suicide note, along with a wife and son. Notable works Nevins Memorial Library Providence City Hall References External links Category:Suicides by firearm in Massachusetts Category:1842 births Category:1893 deaths Category:19th-century American architects Category:Male suicides Category:Union Army soldiers Category:People from South Boston |
2013–14 Duleep Trophy The 2013–14 Duleep Trophy was the 53rd season of the Duleep Trophy, a first-class cricket tournament contested by five zonal teams of India: Central Zone, East Zone, North Zone, South Zone and West Zone. The title was shared by North Zone and South Zone. Results Final References External links Series home at CricketArchive Category:Duleep Trophy seasons Duleep Trophy Duleep Trophy |
Kodalgi Kodalgi is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Kodalgi is under Baichabal gram panchayat, Shorapur Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka. The village of Kodalgi is 2.3 km by road north of the village of Baichbal and 15 km by road south of the village of Kembhavi. The nearest railhead is in Yadgir. Demographics census, Kodalgi had 1,916 inhabitants, with 975 males and 941 females. Notes Kudalagi name comes from that two ditches are joined at this place and which are coming from kembhavi and karadakal.This village have lot of historical fanes 1.Baba Maharaj temple 2.Ramajogitemple(koodaligeppa) 3.Hanuman temple 4.gramadevate temple . External links Category:Villages in Yadgir district |
Al-Badria Al-Badria () is a Syrian village located in Ariha Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Badria had a population of 84 in the 2004 census. References Category:Villages in Idlib Governorate Category:Populated places in Ariha District |
Richard Hammond Meets Evel Knievel Richard Hammond Meets Evel Knievel is a one-off television documentary presented by Richard Hammond and first broadcast on 23 December 2007 on BBC Two. The show was produced by Visual Voodoo and the executive producer was Ben Devlin. This was filmed four months before Evel's death. Subject The documentary is based around the Evel Knievel Days event in Butte, Montana. The presenter, Richard Hammond, spends four days with former motorcycle daredevil Evel Knievel. Knievel, by now 69 years old, had become very ill, requiring an oxygen tank strapped up to him constantly to aid with breathing. 48 hours before the film crew arrived, Knievel had a stroke. At several points during filming, Knievel cuts the interview short and leaves before Hammond has finished asking questions. During the festival Knievel was meant to lead a bike parade, and invited Hammond to ride alongside him, but he was taken to hospital and was unable to lead the parade. He later showed up at the end of the day. On the last day of the festival fellow daredevil Trigger Gumms completed a jump over double what Evel jumped. The day after, in the local newspaper Knievel stated he was not impressed with the jump. Hammond also conducts interviews with Knievel's former bodyguard Gene Sullivan, former daredevil Debbie Lawler and his former publicist Shelly Saltman, who was assaulted by Knievel in 1977, an attack which destroyed Evel's reputation and eventually caused him to declare himself bankrupt. On the final day of filming, Evel asked Hammond to go and view his tombstone which he had paid for himself. Archive clips shown during the programme and discussed with Knievel include his jumps at Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Snake River Canyon, Idaho and Wembley Stadium, London as well as his conversion in the Crystal Cathedral in California. Evel died four months after the show was filmed but before the programme was first broadcast. Knievel is sympathetically but, at the same time, revealingly portrayed as a bitter old man that surely lives up to his legend (showing up for disturbing screenings and even more challenging interviews about his former traumatic failures, despite being ill and in excruciating pain, but displaying nothing more than a grudging attitude), but is reluctant to face the moral challenges that come with re-living his relationships with his family, his "rock'n'roll star" behaviour patterns and, ultimately, the issue of surviving his career by a long stretch. Knievel's inner controversies are captured in his reluctance to be interviewed by Hammond in the first place, and punctuated by editing and writing of the documentary. Hammond feels somewhat embarrassed to pursue his goal of clarifying the feelings of Evel about his career during the interviews (given the struggle between admiration and ire of being constantly put off by Knievel), and thus gives the viewer even more insight into the Evel's personality and the phenomenon behind his popularity. Finally, the film clearly shows Knievel shutting himself off the BBC filming team, as he finally thanks Hammond in a polite way, but firmly advises him to "get on his airplane and get outta here". Production Filming took place on location in Butte, Montana from 25–29 July 2007. It can be seen during the programme that Sony DVW-790WSP Digital Betacam cameras were used to provide a widescreen (16:9 aspect ratio) 576i standard definition picture. The documentary progresses through the five filming days in sequence. Pre-arranged interviews with Knievel and other related persons are combined with archive footage, some of which is also shown to the interviewee. Around this, some coverage of the Evel Knievel Days |
festival is provided, and the sections are linked together by piece to camera segments by Hammond or shots of Hammond riding around Butte on a rented Harley-Davidson motorcycle with voice-over. Hammond conveyed his thoughts before and after a day's filming in a video-diary style filmed in his hotel room at the Lincoln Hotel. In an interview with Radio Times, Hammond described himself as being "fascinated, terrified and elated" to be in the company of Evel Knievel. Hammond said that during the filming, Knievel "shouted at me, the crew and the people with him constantly" Reception James Walton—writing for The Daily Telegraph—said he was surprised to find Richard Hammond Meets Evel Knievel "a pretty rich documentary" describing its real strength as "[serving] up lashings of the kind of pure Americana that many other British documentaries have striven much harder for, without matching." The Scotsman presented a more mixed view saying it was a "much more reflective Top Gear-related product than usual" but commented that "Knievel was clearly getting fed up of Hammond and, frankly, I was getting tired of him". In contrast to Hammond's conclusion that Knievel was still his hero, the journalist wrote "For those of us who didn't play with the wind-up motorbike doll when we were six, [Knievel] didn't seem all that heroic". The Observer's Roger Alton describes the show as one of the highlights of the Christmas period when it was first shown, calling it a "fantastic achievement" and describing it as a "stunning, poignant, visually saturated interview". Paul Hirons on the TV Scoop website described it as a "entertaining and poignant documentary" and admired Hammond's "refreshingly non-arse-kissy approach to interviewing his hero" but described it as "a shame" that Knievel had not warmed to Hammond. David Belcher's article in The Herald was far more critical describing it as "hellish to witness grievous damage being done to the Hamster's cuddly reputation by the ill-advised documentary farrago that was Richard Hammond Meets Evel Knievel." He described Hammond's "worship" of Knievel as "oddly punitive" as he "pursued the dying man through the streets of his shabby home town, Butte, Montana." Ratings The programme finished second in its 9 p.m. timeslot on its first showing in the UK, obtaining 4.4 million viewers which corresponded to an 18% audience share. It beat ITV1's terrestrial premiere of the film Vanity Fair which obtained an audience 2.6 million but was beaten by Monarchy: the Royal Family At Work on sister channel BBC One which drew 5.3 million viewers. The programme was preceded on BBC Two by the last episode of Top Gear's 2007 series (and the evening was promoted as "Top Gear Night") which had obtained 6.8 million viewers, 2.4 million more than the number that watched Richard Hammond Meets Evel Knievel. References External links Richard Hammond Meets Evil Knievel on Google Video Category:BBC television documentaries |
Adam Lazzara Adam Burbank Lazzara (born September 22, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is the lead vocalist of the rock band Taking Back Sunday. Along with singing lead vocals, Lazzara plays guitar and occasionally the harmonica. Biography While recording their first six track EP, Jesse Lacey left the band to form Brand New with Brian Lane, the drummer of The Rookie Lot. Then, John Nolan half-jokingly asked his friend, Adam Lazzara from High Point, North Carolina if he would move to Long Island and play bass for the band. Within the next week, Adam had moved to Bellmore with John, and was the full-time bassist. Adam worked at guitarist Eddie Reyes' father's deli for pay. After vocalist Antonio Longo left the group, Reyes convinced Lazzara to switch to vocals. Since, Lazzara has recorded seven albums with Taking Back Sunday. Personal life In the early 2006, Lazzara met Chauntelle Dupree, guitarist of Eisley, while on tour. They started dating and became engaged on February 14, 2007. They were to be married in March 2008, but it was announced by Dupree's father in January 2008 that the wedding had been called off and that she and Lazzara had split. One month after breaking things off with DuPree, Lazzara began dating Misha Vaagen, a local bartender who had been a family friend of the DuPrees. They were married by June 2008. and had their first child, named Keaton Ari Danger, in January 2009. In February 2015, Lazzara was arrested for DWI. Discography With Taking Back Sunday Tell All Your Friends (2002) Where You Want To Be (2004) Louder Now (2006) New Again (2009) Taking Back Sunday (2011) Happiness Is (2014) Tidal Wave (2016) Solo "Because It Works" (2013) References Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:American people of Italian descent Category:People from Sheffield, Alabama Category:People from High Point, North Carolina Category:People from Long Island Category:American rock singers Category:American male singers Category:Singers from Alabama Category:21st-century American singers Category:21st-century male singers |
Wallace Neff Wallace Neff (January 28, 1895 – June 8, 1982) was an architect based in Southern California and was largely responsible for developing the region's distinct architectural style referred to as "California" style. Neff was a student of architect Ralph Adams Cram and drew heavily from the architectural styles of both Spain and the Mediterranean as a whole, gaining extensive recognition from the number of celebrity commissions, notably Pickfair, the mansion belonging originally to Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks. Early years Wallace Neff was born to Edwin Neff and Nettie McNally, daughter of Chicago printing tycoon Andrew McNally (Rand-McNally Corporation). Since Grandfather McNally had moved to Altadena, California in 1887 and founded Rancho La Mirada, La Mirada, California was Neff's birthplace. However, he spent a great deal of time at the Altadena residence, a grand Queen Anne Victorian mansion which looked from the hillside community down to the Pacific Ocean. It would become little wonder that the young Neff would take up an interest in architecture given his surroundings on Millionaire's Row (Mariposa Avenue). At age nine Wallace had moved to Europe with his family only to return to the U.S. at the outbreak of World War I. Developing career His interest in architecture saw him studying under the revered Ralph Adams Cram in Massachusetts. He eventually returned to California and took up residence in Altadena while serving as a shipyard draftsman in Wilmington. Eventually he found himself ready for the architectural realm creating designs of the Spanish Medieval period including his own home Parish of St. Elizabeth of Hungary Roman Catholic Church, established 1918 in Altadena. His gift to the parish as well as the community was the design of the church building finished and dedicated in 1926. The church is of Spanish Medieval design including a bell tower which is patterned after a Spanish watchtower. The view from its broad portals at 100 feet gave an enormous panorama not only of the Southern California countryside, now blocked by the since-built steeple of Westminster Presbyterian Church to its south, but an expansive view of the San Gabriel Mountains to its north, which boast peaks up to 7,000 feet in altitude. The building is reminiscent of the Serra Missions with its arched south porch and terra cotta tiles. It has high stucco-on-concrete walls with small, high stained glass windows. Below each window is a taller stained glass window with biblical depictions leaded into each one. It boasts a Spanish tile roof and a massive plank wood arched front double door. The interior is vaulted to heights in excess of 50 feet. Across its ceiling are three broad rough hewn trusses acting to support the gabled ceiling. In actuality, the building's superstructure is built of iron girders. Other details on the exterior are broad wing sweeping walls and exaggerated window sills with wooded bars. These features become an important part of his developing style. The Saint Elizabeth church building is the only house of worship ever designed by Neff, and has the distinction of being the oldest building in use for Catholic worship in the Southland. To the parish plant Neff added the priests' rectory, the convent for the Holy Name Sisters who taught at the school, and a pet project, a shrine to Saint Theresa of Avila (1929) which features the true style of his architecture. This makes Saint Elizabeth Parish a rare collection of Wallace Neff works. The California Style As Neff's style became more popular and demanded by the elite, the rich, and the famous, he moved to the exclusive Pasadena suburb of San Marino. To his |
client list he added the Singer Mansion, Gillette Mansion, the Gates Residence, Libby Ranch, and the Pickfair Estate. Other fine mansions line the streets of Chapman Woods, Hancock Park, San Marino, Glendora, Beverly Hills, San Pascual Avenue, California Street and others in lower East Pasadena. Neff's Angelo Drive house for the film director Fred Niblo, Misty Mountain, features a distinctive circular driveway and has been virtually unchanged since its construction. It has since been owned by Jules Stein and latterly Rupert Murdoch. In 1946 Neff designed the airform or "bubble" house, a distinctive form of inexpensive housing, a dome-shaped construction made of reinforced concrete that was cast in position over an inflatable balloon (airform). Though the design did not gain support in the United States, it was used for large housing projects in Egypt, Brazil, and West Africa during the 1940s and 1950s. In 2001, Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston supposedly paid $13.5 million for a Neff house owned at different times by actor Fredric March and the philanthropist and USC trustee Wallis Annenberg. In 1998, actress Diane Keaton, an avid fan of Neff's work, purchased a low-slung Neff house in Beverly Hills – featured in Architectural Digest, July 1999 – with the front lawn covered in lavender, for $7.5 million. This home was later purchased by Madonna and Guy Ritchie, and was still in their possession as of 2007. In 1990, Bob Newhart purchased a Neff house in Bel Air for $4.2 million, subsequently selling it to Robert Quigg (developer) in 2016 for $14.5 million. Everett Phipps Babcock and Georgious Y. Cannon worked in Neff's office. See also Bubble Houses (Litchfield Park, Arizona) Bubble Houses (Hobe Sound, Florida) Monolithic dome Villa del Sol d’Oro in Sierra Madre, California References Further reading External links 1926 Wallace Neff Renovation Photos, James V. Coane & Associates Architects Obituary in The New York Times, June 11, 1982 The Movieland Directory: Wallace Neff Movieland Tour Category:1895 births Category:1982 deaths Category:Altadena, California Category:Architects from California Category:Architects from Los Angeles Category:Architects from Pasadena, California Category:Gothic Revival architects Category:Mediterranean Revival architects Category:Spanish Colonial Revival architects |
Aqda Aqda (, also Romanized as ‘Aqdā; also known as Aghda) is a city in and the capital of Aqda District, in Ardakan County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,583, in 432 families. References Category:Populated places in Ardakan County Category:Cities in Yazd Province |
Mekong Auto Mekong Auto Corporation headquartered in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, is a car manufacturer and assembler founded in 1991. The first car was built at the Delta Auto Plant on May 20, 1992. Japanese Saeilo Machinery Japan Inc. is the major shareholder of the company, owning 51%. The company opened Co Loa Auto Plant in Ha Noi City in 1993. The company works with Fiat S.p.A. (Fiat cars and Iveco trucks), Pyeonghwa Motors and SsangYong. Products Mekong Mekong Stars-4WD (1992-1997) Fiat Fiat Siena (1997-2005) Fiat Tempra (1995-2002) Fiat Doblò (2000-2007) Fiat Albea (2002-2007) Fiat Grande Punto (since 2005) Fiat 500 (since 2007) Fiat Bravo (since 2007) SsangYong SsangYong Korando (1997-2005) SsangYong Musso (1997-1999) SsangYong Musso Libero (1999-2005) Pyeonghwa Motors Pyeonghwa Premio DX (2004-2009) Pyeonghwa Premio MAX (since 2004) Pyeonghwa Pronto DX (2004-2009) Pyeonghwa Premio DX Ⅱ (since 2009) Pyeonghwa Pronto GS (since 2009) References External links Mekong Auto Category:Car manufacturers of Vietnam Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1991 Category:1991 establishments in Vietnam Category:Companies based in Ho Chi Minh City |
Guindy Race Course The Guindy Race Course is a horse racing course set up in 1777 in Chennai, India. It is the oldest race course in India. It hosts events in the winter season. History In 1777, 81 cawnies of land were granted by the government to conduct races, which is mentioned in a letter written by the then Collector of Chingleput dated 22 June 1825. The land was taken from the Adyar villages of Venkatapuram and Velachery. Soon after racing had begun in the 1770s, it became irregular and almost stopped due to the invasion of Hyder Ali, who came within striking distance of Madras. A few years later, 35 cawnies were added and two race courses came up—a smaller one to train horses and the other with a stand to watch the races. Madras Race Club The Madras Race Club was officially constituted in 1837. The club functioned till 1875, when the Prince of Wales Edward VII visited Madras. Racing again went through a tough phase owing to financial reasons. Finally, in 1887, the club was revived. A balance of 11 rupees, 13 annas and 12 paise was carried forward to a new club called Madras Race Club with 50 members in January 1896. In 1887, a public meeting was called by Lt. Col. G. M. Moore, one of the stewards and it was presided over by the governor. New stewards were appointed at this meeting to run the club. The funds managed by the stewards of the Madras races were handed over to the club. The Trades Cup formed part of the racing programme proving that the traders patronised racing. Racing continued in the 1900s although on a low key. It was brought to a temporary halt by World War I till Lord Willingdon, the then governor of Madras, revived it in 1919. In 1920, a stand was constructed with funds provided by two patrons, Maharaja of Bobbili and Maharaja of Venkatagiri. In 1931, the Guindy Lodge was built in the club premises for the secretary, and in 1933, the weighing room was constructed. Till 1952–1953, the Madras Race Club was under the Calcutta Turf Club after which it came, like all race courses in the south, under the South India Turf Club. Classic races were introduced in 1958–1959. In 1966, the Madras Race Club became an independent turf authority. Soon, as each one gained a separate status, the South India Turf Club became redundant. The club today The club now has about 625 horses in station, three stands and boasts of the best race track in the country. The racing season begins in November and goes on till March after which races are conducted in Ooty between April and June. A monsoon season has been introduced with races being conducted between August and October. All race clubs in India followed their own racing rules till Mr G Jayaraman, the Manager of Madras Race Club harmonised the racing rules of all the race clubs of India by 1993. References Category:Sport in Chennai Category:Horse racing in India Category:Horse racing venues in India Category:Buildings and structures in Chennai Category:Sports venues in Tamil Nadu |
Ankhi Milan Ankhi Milan (English: Ankhi and Milan; ) is a 1986 Bangladeshi film starring Ilias Kanchan and Suchorita opposite him. Cast Ilias Kanchan as Milan Suchorita as Ankhi Music The song "Tomar Gorur Garitey Ami Jabo Na", sung by Andrew Kishore and Samina Chowdhury became popular. References Category:Bangladeshi films Category:Bengali-language films Category:1986 films |
1903 in architecture The year 1903 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Events January 31 – The Sängerhaus in Strasbourg opens with an inaugural concert. September – First Garden City Ltd formed to develop Letchworth in England with Barry Parker and Raymond Unwin as architects. The Group Plan for the civic center of Cleveland, Ohio, by Daniel Burnham, Arnold Brunner, and John Carrere is released. Giles Gilbert Scott wins the competition to design Liverpool Cathedral. Buildings and structures Buildings completed The Beurs van Berlage (Amsterdam Stock Exchange), designed by Hendrik Berlage. Hill House, Helensburgh, Scotland, designed by Charles Rennie Mackintosh. St Ignatius Church, Stamford Hill, London, designed by Benedict Williamson, first portion. Juselius Mausoleum, Pori, Finland, designed by Josef Stenbäck. Palazzo Castiglioni (Milan), Italy, designed by Giuseppe Sommaruga. Wemyss Bay railway station in Scotland, rebuilt by James Miller. Communal Palace of Buzău, Romania, designed by Alexandru Săvulescu (died 1902). 22, Rue du Général de Castelnau in Strasbourg, France, designed by Franz Lütke and Heinrich Backes. 56, Allée de la Robertsau in Strasbourg, designed by Lütke and Backes. Awards Royal Gold Medal – Charles Follen McKim. Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Léon Jaussely. Births January 7 – Ioannis Despotopoulos, Greek architect and academic (died 1992) March 7 – Raymond McGrath, Australian-born architect, illustrator and interior designer working in the British Isles (died 1977) April 18 – Stephen Dykes Bower, English ecclesiastical architect (died 1994) June 17 – A. Hays Town, American architect known for commercial and domestic architecture (died 2005) July 16 – Adalberto Libera, Italian Modernist architect (died 1963) July 18 – Victor Gruen, Austrian-born architect of shopping malls (died 1980) August 21 – F. S. Platou, Norwegian architect (died 1980) October 18 – Albert Frey, American "desert modernist" architect (died 1998) October 24 – Charlotte Perriand, French architect and designer (died 1999) Deaths May 29 – Bruce Price, American architect (born 1845) August 28 – Frederick Law Olmsted, American landscape architect, journalist, social critic and public administrator (born 1822) November 16 – Camillo Sitte, Austrian architect, painter and city planner (born 1843) date unknown – Louis-Daniel Perrier, Swiss architect (born 1818) References |
Firmin: Adventures of a Metropolitan Lowlife Firmin: Adventures of a Metropolitan Lowlife (2006) is the second novel by author Sam Savage, about a rat runt in 1960s Boston who learns to read. In 2006 Coffee House Press published Firmin: Adventures of a Metropolitan Lowlife. In 2007 the Spanish publishing house Seix Barral purchased the world rights to Firmin, including English-language rights. The novel subsequently became a bestseller in Europe Plot summary Firmin is an autobiography of a rat born, "with my eyes wide open", as the 13th child to an alcoholic mother rat with 12 nipples in the basement of a Boston bookshop in Scollay Square on November 9, 1960. As a result, Firmin the runt puts off the pangs of hunger by consuming Finnegans Wake, his initial bedding, and acquires the ability to read and think symbolically. Initially, Firmin reads voraciously, but over time his tastes (literally and metaphorically) become more refined. But as Firmin's dreams of literature increase, his associations with his rattus society decreases proportionally. Firmin becomes attracted to strippers and characters in pornographic films in a local cinema instead of his own species, becoming a "pervert and a freak". Eventually, his family moves away from the bookshop, leaving Firmin alone, convinced that he is mad but harmless. Falling into an existential malaise, Firmin finds his own form ugly and avoids his own reflection. He tries to leave messages to the owner of the bookshop from whom he desires friendship but being unable to speak his attempts lead to a tragedy where he is almost killed by poison. Lonely and desperate, he attempts to learn sign language, but is only to express the words "Good-bye" and "Zipper" (due to the limitations of his paws). He is attacked as he tries to communicate with humans in a local park. Firmin is then caught at the park by an alcoholic science fiction author and bohemian political radical, Jerry Magoon, who had written about alien intelligent rats in the past. The author treats Firmin kindly, and even when he catches Firmin reading, he seems to think that the rat is just mimicking human behaviour, even to the extent when Firmin plays a toy piano. However, when the author suffers a stroke and is hospitalised, Firmin must venture into the world again, but this time Scollay Square is in the midst of being renovated - meaning that all of Firmin's old haunts are being emptied or knocked down. Old and hallucinating, Firmin dreams of a conversation with Ginger Rogers, where he has to come to terms with his own mortality, just as Scollay Square is reaching the end of its life. In his final moments, Firmin finds the basement of the bookstore where he was born, and even the original bedding of the shreds of Finnegans Wake and has his last taste of literature. Characters Firmin: The first-person protagonist of the story, self-doubting, cantankerous, romantic, and humanist. Considered mad and harmless by his siblings and potentially dangerous by many humans, Firmin ponders whether he is actually an alien after reading Jerry Mongoon's novel. With excess mental development and a small stature Firmin has a disproportionately-sized head with weak limbs, and a ponderous, measured, gait. When seeing himself for the first time he considers himself ugly to the point of pain and would go to great lengths to avoid his own reflection. Mama (Flo): Kindly described as "rotund", described as having a "kind, word face", but also "edgy", she would often return to the nest thoroughly inebriated and with alcohol-laden milk for the children. She introduces the children to the outside world, |
providing an orientation of the area and the best places for food and drink, and then leaves the bookshop. She is spotted only occasionally after that near a fast-food establishment. Luweena: Sister of Firmin, who accompanies him on his first "scrounging and scraping" outside, with which she has natural talent. She is described as having a "large athletic build and once during a melee had bitten off most of Shunt's ear". Firmin initially feels sexual desire towards her, but from then on is attracted to humans. After Mama leaves her children Luweena and Shunt are the last two of the siblings to leave Firmin at the bookshop, giving him a hug when she leaves. Shunt: Brother of Firmin. Described as having an unlovely shape. Shunt playfully gives Firmin a punch on the shoulder when he and Luweena leave him at the bookstore; Firmin responds by calling out an insult after them. Peewee: Brother of Firm. Firmin claims he never showed him the slightest consideration. Like Shunt, described as having an unlovely shape. After the family has moved from the bookstore Firmin and Shunt discover him one night, having been run over by a taxi. Sweeny, Chucky, Feenie, Mutt, Pudding, Elvis, Elvina, Humphrey, Honeychild: Other sisters and brothers of Firmin. Norman: Owner of the Cornhill,_Boston bookshop, Pembroke Books, where Firmin is born. Firmin finds a tunnel from the basement to Norman's office and observes him from a ceiling crack. Described as showing signs of intelligence, spirituality, mental energy, and firmness, he also had dark curls shrouding his temples. Short and big-bottomed with a wide face, Norman was an excellent judge of consumer's tastes (including those who wished to purchased banned novels) and had a knowledge greater than any of the collectors who visited the store. Firmin also describes him as the first human being he loved, leaving him a gold ring and then a rose, which concerns him greatly. Norman, having once seen Firmin, feeds him poison almost killing him. As Scollay Square's businesses were closed down, Norman's final act of defiance against the authorities is to offer as many free books as one could carry in five minutes. Sam Savage notes that this is a case of fiction imitating reality, as George Gloss, owner of the Brattle Book Shop in old Scollay Square, when faced with the destruction of his store, gave away all the books you could carry in five minutes. Alvin Sweat: Owner of Sweat’s Sweets, next door to Pembroke Books. He tends to use colourful language. George Vahradyan: Runs an amalgamation of drugstore and carpet emporium across the street from Pembroke Books called "Drugs and Rugs". He has a weakness for cigars. Jerry Magoon: An impoverished writer who visits Pembroke Books, described by Alvin as "that Bohemian character... a crackpot and a drunk", who is "an experimental novelist". A short stockman with a big head, small Irish nose, big drooping mustache, a wide mouth with thin lips, and blue eyes. He always wears the same rumpled blue suit and black knit tie, giving a contradictory appearance as if an effort is made to be stylish, but with the appearance of sleeping in his clothes. Jerry is a science fiction writer with an interest in religious texts, who has written a novel about an alien species with advanced protoplasmic morphing techniques, who appear on earth as sapient rats. After Firmin attempts to communicate with other humans in a park and has his leg fractured for his efforts, Jerry rescues him, and he and Firmin form a strong friendship, Jerry even describing Firmin as "civilized" and names him "Ernie". |
Major themes Bibliophagy: The story explores the lives and thoughts of book store owners, customers, writers, and readers. Firmin is a voracious consumer of literature, in both literal and figurative senses; with sensual taste according to literate quality (e.g., Jane Eyre tastes like lettuce, soft toilet paper like Emily Post) and 'Good to eat is good to read', becomes Firmin's motto. Loneliness: Firmin is an incredibly lonely character, trapped in a world where he can understand but cannot be understood and is even beaten for his efforts to do so. The only person who shows him real kindness is the writer Jerry Magoon who is also lonely, with only three people visiting during the entire time he is with Firmin. Mortality: Much of the story is orientated towards the sense of ending; as Firmin is a rat, his lifespan is necessarily limited in stark contrast to his consciousness. Scollay Square is dedicated to being razed and renovated, and as a result, each business is "mortal". Firmin's one human friend, Jerry Magoon, suffers a stroke, leaving Firmin alone again. Self-doubt: The book opens with Firmin engaging in criticism of his own literary abilities to even generate a satisfactory opening, and settles on selecting Ford Madox Ford’s The Good Soldier: "This is the saddest story I have ever heard". Firmin also considers himself mad, trapped between the rat world of his physical self and the human world of symbolic meanings. "Firmin" notes his name is a pun "fur-man", but also associates it with his status; "Firmin the vermin." Reception Tim Martin in The Telegraph notes that in Italy "that La Repubblica felt able to begin a recent article with the words: 'By now everyone must know Firmino, or have heard of him' ("Ormai tutti conoscono o hanno sentito parlare di Firmino" , and Josh Lacey in The Guardian describes the book as providing "a wonderful celebration of the way reading enriches your life". References Category:2006 American novels Category:Fiction set in the 1960s Category:Novels set in Boston Category:Coffee House Press books |
Sadki Sadki may refer to: Sadki, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, a village in north-central Poland Sadki, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, a village in south-east Poland Sadki, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, a village in south-central Poland Sadki, Moscow Oblast, a village in Moscow Oblast, Russia Sadki, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia Sadki, name of several other rural localities in Russia |
Frankl–Rödl graph In graph theory and computational complexity theory, a Frankl–Rödl graph is a graph defined by connecting pairs of vertices of a hypercube that are at a specified even distance from each other. The graphs of this type are parameterized by the dimension of the hypercube and by the distance between adjacent vertices. Frankl–Rödl graphs are named after Péter Frankl and Vojtěch Rödl, who proved in 1987 that (for certain ranges of the graph parameters) they have small independence number and high chromatic number. They have since become of interest to computational complexity theorists, as difficult examples for semidefinite programming based approximation algorithms for the vertex cover and graph coloring problems. Their properties with respect to these algorithms have been used to call into question the unique games conjecture. Definition and examples Let be a positive integer, and let be a real number in the unit interval . Suppose additionally that is an even number. Then the Frankl–Rödl graph is the graph on the vertices of an -dimensional unit hypercube in which two vertices are adjacent when their Hamming distance (the number of coordinates in which the two differ) is exactly . Here, the requirement that be even is necessary in order to prevent the result from being a bipartite graph. The Frankl–Rödl graph will necessarily be disconnected (with at least one connected component for each of the two sides of the bipartition of the corresponding hypercube graph) but this is non-problematic for its applications. As an example, the Frankl–Rödl graph connects vertices two steps apart in an ordinary three-dimensional cube, as shown in the illustration. Geometrically, this connection pattern forms a shape known as the stella octangula; graph-theoretically, it forms two connected components, each of which is a four-vertex complete graph. Similarly, the Frankl–Rödl graph connects vertices two steps apart in a four-dimensional hypercube, and results in a graph consisting of two copies of the cocktail party graph . The two Frankl–Rödl graphs of dimension five, and , are each formed from two copies of the two complementary Clebsch graphs of degree five and ten respectively. Properties The Frankl–Rödl graph is a regular graph, of degree It inherits the symmetries of its underlying hypercube, making it a symmetric graph. As showed, when , the size of a maximum independent set in a Frankl–Rödl graph is The in this formula is an instance of big Ω notation. For constant values of and variable , this independent set size is a small fraction of the vertices of the graph. More precisely, this fraction is inversely proportional to an exponential function of and a polynomial function of the graph size. Because each color in proper coloring of the Frankl–Rödl graph forms an independent set with few vertices, the number of colors must be large (again, a polynomial function of the graph size). In computational complexity The vertex cover problem involves finding a set of vertices that touches every edge of the graph. It is NP-hard but can be approximated to within an approximation ratio of two, for instance by taking the endpoints of the matched edges in any maximal matching. Evidence that this is the best possible approximation ratio of a polynomial-time approximation algorithm is provided by the fact that, when represented as a semidefinite program, the problem has an integrality gap of two; this gap is the ratio between the solution value of the integer solution (a valid vertex cover) and of its semidefinite relaxation. According to the unique games conjecture, for many problems such as this the optimal approximation ratio is provided by the integrality gap of their semidefinite |
relaxation. However, the Frankl–Rödl graphs provide the only known instances of vertex cover for which the integrality gap can be as bad as two. Frankl–Rödl graphs have also been used to study semidefinite approximations for graph coloring. In this application, in particular, researchers have studied graph 3-colorability in connection with the Frankl–Rödl graphs with parameter . Even though the Frankl–Rödl graphs with this parameter value have high chromatic number, semidefinite programming is unable to distinguish them from 3-colorable graphs. However, for these graphs, algebraic methods based on polynomial sums of squares can provide stronger bounds that certify their need for many colors. This result challenges the optimality of semidefinite programming and the correctness of the unique games conjecture. References Category:Parametric families of graphs Category:Regular graphs |
Morgan Covered Bridge The Morgan Covered Bridge, also known as the Upper Covered Bridge is a wooden covered bridge that crosses the North Branch Lamoille River in Belvidere, Vermont on Morgan Bridge Road. Built about 1887, it is one of two covered bridges in Belvidere, and one of five in a five-mile span that all cross the same river. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Description The Morgan Covered Bridge is located west of the center of Belvidere, carrying Morgan Bridge Road, a short connector between Back Road (running on the north side of the North Branch Lamoille River) and Vermont Route 109 (running to its south). It is a single-span Queen post truss structure, long and wide, with a roadway width of . Its trusses include iron rods joining the apexes of the diagonals to the bottom chords. It has a gabled metal roof, and its exterior is finished in vertical board siding, which wraps around to the insides of the portals. The siding stops short of the eaves, leaving an open strip below the roof. The portal openings are framed as segmented arches. The bridge rests on abutments of stone and concrete. History The bridge was built by Lewis Robinson, Charles Leonard and Fred Tracy. It is one of two 19th-century covered bridges (the other is the Mill Covered Bridge further west), and one of five on the North Branch Lamoille in Belvidere or neighboring Waterville, all within a five-mile span. There have been no major repairs necessary with this bridge recently, save for a new standing seam metal roof which a large number of covered bridges in Vermont received due to a grant. A study in the 1990s by the Vermont Agency of Transportation revealed that certain design details of the trusses allowed the bridge to be rated for a 9-ton load (1 ton more than the standard load limit for wooden deck bridges). At this time, a sign at the bridge posts the limit at 5 tons. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Lamoille County, Vermont List of Vermont covered bridges List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont References Category:Buildings and structures in Belvidere, Vermont Category:Bridges completed in 1887 Category:Covered bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont Category:Covered bridges in Vermont Category:Wooden bridges in Vermont Category:Covered bridges in Lamoille County, Vermont Category:Road bridges in Vermont Category:National Register of Historic Places in Lamoille County, Vermont Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont Category:Lattice truss bridges in the United States Category:1887 establishments in Vermont |
Ray Young (executive) Ray G. Young is the Chief Financial Officer of Archer Daniels Midland Company since January 2011. He is based in Chicago, Illinois. He was the vice president of GM International Operations, based in Shanghai, China, at General Motors. He was named to this position effective February 1, 2010. Previously he served as GM Chief Financial Officer (CFO) since March 3, 2008 until CFO Chris Liddell moved into the position. Young had been at GM since the 1980s, moving up the ranks throughout his career having been the head of GM Brasil and Mercosur Region, CFO of General Motors North America, among other positions. Young is of Chinese Canadian heritage. Early years and education Young was born in Port Elgin, Ontario to immigrant parents from Guangzhou, China. He studied at the University of Western Ontario and received his MBA at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Rise through GM He began his career at GM as a financial analyst in 1986 and promoted in 1988 to GM's offices in New York City. Since then Young has held a number of positions within GM: Director of capital markets and foreign exchange (New York) Treasurer of GM Europe (Belgium) CFO for CAMI Automotive (Canada) GM Executive Liaison with Suzuki (Hamamatsu Japan) VP and CFO of GM North America (Detroit) President and Managing Director of GM do Brasil and Mercosur (São Paulo Brazil) CFO (Detroit) Vice President - International Operations (Shanghai China) Personal Young is married and lives in Forsyth Illinois and Chicago Illinois. References Ray G. Young Ray G. Young Category:General Motors executives Category:Canadian people of Chinese descent Category:People from Bruce County Category:1962 births Category:University of Western Ontario alumni Category:University of Chicago Booth School of Business alumni Category:Living people Category:Archer Daniels Midland people Category:American chief financial officers |
International Day of Radiology The International Day of Radiology (IDoR) is an annual event promoting the role of medical imaging in modern healthcare. It is celebrated on November 8 each year and coincides with the anniversary of the discovery of x-rays. It was first introduced in 2012, as a joint initiative of the European Society of Radiology (ESR), the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), and the American College of Radiology (ACR). The International Day of Radiology is acknowledged and celebrated by nearly 200 national, sub-speciality, and related societies around the world. Background The International Day of Radiology is a successor to the European Day of Radiology which was launched in 2011. The first and only European Day of Radiology (EDoR) was held on February 10, 2011 to commemorate the anniversary of Röntgen's death and was organised by the European Society of Radiology(ESR). Due to the success of the EDoR, the ESR entered into cooperation with the RSNA and the ACR to establish the International Day of Radiology. It was also decided that the date of the celebration should be moved from the anniversary of Röntgen’s death to that of his discovery of the x-ray. The day was officially confirmed by the three founding societies during the annual RSNA meeting in Chicago on November 28, 2011. On November 8, 1895 Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered x-rays by chance while investigating cathode rays, effectively laying the foundation for the medical discipline of radiology. This discovery would grow to include various methods of imaging and establish itself as a crucial element of modern medicine. The 8 of November was eventually chosen as the appropriate day to mark the celebrations which are observed by radiological societies the world over. Yearly Theme In addition to the general recognition of radiology, a theme is chosen every year, focussing on various specialities and sub-specialities of radiology.These themes have included: 2019: Sports Imaging 2018: Cardiac Imaging 2017: Emergency Imaging 2016: Breast Imaging 2015: Paediatric Imaging 2014: Brain Imaging 2013: Thoracic Imaging 2012: Oncologic Imaging Associated Events In and around November 8 of every year, international radiological societies all over the world celebrate the day with their own organised events. These celebrations come in the form of exhibitions, workshops, lectures, and social media campaigns which invite radiologists as well as the general public to participate and learn more about radiology. In 2018, various radiological and partner societies organised events to draw attention to radiology and that year’s theme of cardiac imaging. Examples include: The Canadian Association of Radiologists hosted an event that encouraged radiologists from across Canada to meet with Members of Parliament on Parliament Hill to discuss key issues in medical imaging, relevant to patient care. The Japan Radiological Society held a series of public lectures on cardiac imaging in Kumamoto, moderated by professors from Kumamoto University. The Sociedad Española de Radiología Medica (SERAM) celebrated in Madrid by inviting cardiac imaging experts to be featured at talks on the history and future of the sub-speciality. Publications In further support of the day, the European Society of Radiology publishes a book every year on the selected theme. In 2018, the book, The HEART revealed, was published as a free pdf download on the IDoR website. The book, authored by professional radiologists, contains descriptions of various cardiac diseases where imaging is helpful in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Other published texts addressing the yearly theme include: 2017 HELP, Emergency Medical Imaging 2016 Screening & Beyond, Medical imaging in the detection, diagnosis and management of breast diseases 2015 The Gentle Way, The Art of Paediatric Imaging 2014 Brainwatch, Detecting and diagnosing brain |
diseases with medical imaging 2013 Breathe Easy, How radiology helps to find and fight lung diseases In addition to the themed publications, the European Society of Radiology in collaboration with the International Society for the History of Radiology published a three-volume series on the history of radiology, The Story of Radiology. See also Radiology X-Ray Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen World Radiography Day Supporting Societies The Asian Oceanian Society of Radiology The Interamerican College of Radiology European Federation of Radiographer Societies Eurosafe Imaging International Society of Radiology The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists References External links European Society of Radiology Radiological Society of North America American College of Radiology International Society for the History of Radiology International Day of Radiology Category:Radiology Category:November observances Category:International observances |
Jack Hindle John Hindle (10 November 1921 – 21 January 1987) was an English professional footballer who made 282 appearances in the Football League playing as a goalkeeper for Preston North End, Barrow (two spells) and Aston Villa. Hindle was born in Preston, Lancashire, in 1921 and died in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, in 1987 at the age of 65. References Category:1921 births Category:1987 deaths Category:Sportspeople from Preston, Lancashire Category:English footballers Category:Association football goalkeepers Category:Preston North End F.C. players Category:Barrow A.F.C. players Category:Aston Villa F.C. players Category:English Football League players |
German Darts Championship The German Darts Championship is a Professional Darts Corporation event that takes place in Germany as part of the PDC European Tour. Since 2013, it has been held at Halle 39 in Hildesheim, after previously being held in Berlin and Halle. Past finals References Category:Professional Darts Corporation tournaments Category:International sports competitions hosted by Germany Category:Recurring sporting events established in 2007 Category:2007 establishments in Germany Category:Annual sporting events in Germany |
Joseph Balthazar Inginac Joseph Balthazar Inginac (also known as Balthazar Inginac) (1775 in Leogane - 1874) in Leogane - was a Haitian diplomat and member of the presidential inner circle. He served as the secretary-general for the two longest-serving presidents, Alexandre Petion and Jean-Pierre Boyer. This was a position similar to present-day Chief of Staff. Island commerce Early in his career, Joseph Balthazar Inginac served as the secretary of state properties. In 1804, after Haiti achieved independence, the new government confiscated property in Haiti that had been owned by the French, in order to centralize the Haitian production of sugar. As the head of the Administration of State Properties, Inginac investigated all of the estates in the country and brought 562 of them under state control. This action ultimately resulted in the assassination of the president of Haiti, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, on 7 October 1806. Inginac was responsible for the institution of the Code Rural, which was passed into law in Haiti in 1826, for the purpose of increasing the national productivity. Under the Code, Haitian citizens were bound to the plantations in the country at all times except weekends, and drifters found not working on lands were arrested and forced onto plantations; and if they could find no place to work, they were put to work on state projects. The Code Rural was a disaster, and did virtually nothing to improve the productivity of the country. People refused to obey it, and troops refused to enforce it. Emigration from the United States In 1817, James Tredwell visited the Republic of Hayti (southern Haiti) and met with Inginac in several occasions. On his way back, Inginac provided him with several government documents, which Tredwell then published in New York under the name of "The Constitution of the Republic of Hayti." Among the documents there is a letter Inginac wrote answering questions Tredwell had about the possibility of having U.S. Blacks emigrate to Haiti. Joseph Balthazar Inginac is most remembered for serving as secretary for President Jean Pierre Boyer. At the time of its independence in 1804, Haiti was not officially recognized by any other nations in the world. Inginac, as the secretary of state for Haiti, made the attempt to get official recognition for the nation by other nations. This was not easy at a time when blacks were believed inherently inferior from whites; and Haiti, as an affront to this belief, was scorned for being the product of the only successful slave revolt in history. Inginac first attempted to get recognition from the United States, as a precursor to the emigration of free American blacks from that nation. At that time, the American Colonization Society was trying to find a new home for American blacks that had been freed from slavery and were not welcomed in American society. After the plan to send them to Liberia on the western coast of Africa proved too costly, Haiti was presented as a viable alternative for black asylum; also, Haiti had the advantage of being a place for civilized blacks, where the former American slaves could greater assimilate to their new environment. This, Haitian envoy Jonathas Granville assured the American Colonization Society, would not be difficult because land was granted freely for black American settlement; English was understood in Haiti; the new arrivals would not be proselytized; and the nation, it was said, would provide easy money for everyone willing to work—especially artisans, who were needed in Haiti. The Haitian president, Jean-Pierre Boyer, paid for the transportation of the freed blacks to Haiti personally with "fifty thousand weight of coffee". They were settled |
there in 1824. The venture ultimately failed, however, because the emigrants could not overcome the language difficulties; experienced persecution from the Haitian natives; and while the land was fertile, Haiti currency was virtually worthless. Most of the emigrants, who numbered about 6,000 before the Haitian emigration was suspended, returned to the United States, where their living conditions were much better. Diplomatic Relations Inginac also worked to establish diplomatic relations between Haiti and Great Britain; he favored Great Britain among all of the great world powers because it was the British who supported Haitian independence. But this was achieved only after the stinging defeat in which the British recognized other Latin American republics in the 1820s before acknowledging Haiti. The British were reluctant to acknowledge Haiti because they were wary about whether Haiti would be able to maintain its independence from France. Nevertheless, a British envoy was eventually sent to Haiti, but while Inginac was present to greet the arriving consul, Charles Mackenzie, Haitian President Jean-Pierre Boyer refused to acknowledge the new ambassador because of the insults that Haiti withstood from the British. It would seem that Inginac did not have the cooperation of the Haitian leader in foreign affairs. Not only that, the alliance of the British and the Haitians was made even more unstable because of the peculiar Haitian economic laws; as well as the fact that Inginac was looking for a system in which Haiti would become an English protectorate—just what the English did not want to happen. After the English opened official diplomatic relations with Haiti, other European nations followed; but Haiti was still an outcast in the Latin American community, and was left out of the Congress of Panama in 1826. Evaluation General Joseph Balthazar Inginac ultimately did the best that anyone in his difficult position could have done at the time. While his endeavors into domestic affairs met with disaster, he was skilled enough to get international recognition for the world's only black republic, a rogue state on the world stage that was threatened by overwhelming forces from the outside and destructive forces from the inside. This was no small achievement, considering that he was a member and representative of a race widely believed inferior at the time. References External links WorldCat Identities for Inginac Dictionnaire général de biographie et d'histoire, de mythologie, de géographie ancienne moderne et comparée Resources Category:Haitian people of Mulatto descent Category:People of the Haitian Revolution Category:Haitian generals Category:Year of birth missing Category:Year of death missing |
Badminton at the 2017 Summer Universiade Badminton was contested at the 2017 Summer Universiade from August 23 to 29 in Taipei, Taiwan, in the Taipei Gymnasium. Men's and women's singles, men's, women's, and mixed doubles, and mixed team events will be contested. Participating nations Medal summary Medal table Medal events References External links 2017 Summer Universiade – Badminton Result book – Badminton 2017 Universiade Category:2017 Summer Universiade events Category:Badminton tournaments in Taiwan |
Komlói Bányász SK (men's handball) Komlói Bányász Sport Klub (handball section) is a Hungarian handball club from Komló, that plays in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, the top level championship in Hungary. Naming history –1995: Komlói Bányász SK 1995–1996: Metraco-Komlói Bányász SK 1996–2001: Komlói Bányász SK 2001–2002: Komlói BSK 2002–2007: Komlói BSK-Fűtőerőmű 2007–2009: Komlói BSK 2009–2013: Komlói BSK-Tom Trans 2013–2014: Komlói Sport KC 2014–present: Sport36-Komló Team Current squad Squad for the 2015–16 season Goalkeepers 1 Ante Granić 16 Attila Selymes Balázs Kiss Wingers 10 Igor Marković 21 Péter Oszlár 23 Tamás Wéber 91 Mohamed Sanad Pivots 8 Gábor Marcsek 18 Zoltán Nagy 19 Stanislav Nakhaenko Back players 5 Dániel Hidasi 7 Balázs Szögi 9 Gábor Laufer 13 Dávid Péter Szabó 14 Bence Szőlősi 15 Martino Kordić 17 Filip Sunajko 20 Srećko Jerković 21 Csaba Sebestyén Ákos Pethő Staff members Head Coach: Assistant Coach: Club Doctor: , MD Masseur: Transfers Transfers for the 2015-16 season Joining Igor Marković (from Lovćen Cetinje) Stanislav Nakhaenko (from Mezőkövesd) Martino Kordić (from Sassari) Srećko Jerković (from Poreč) Mohamed Sanad (from Zamalek) Ákos Pethő (from Balatonfüred) Filip Sunajko (from Crvenka) Leaving Gafar Hadžiomerović (to Csurgó) Savo Mešter (to Gyöngyös) Alexander Semikov (to Gyöngyös) Attila Kun (to Cegléd) Bojan Rađenović (to Csurgó) Ádám Bujtár (to ) Honours National competitions Magyar Kupa (National Cup of Hungary) Bronze medal (1): 2005–06 Nemzeti Bajnokság I/B Champions (2): 1999–00, 2004–05 Recent seasons Seasons in Nemzeti Bajnokság I: 22 Seasons in Nemzeti Bajnokság I/B: 28 Seasons in Nemzeti Bajnokság II: 12 {| |valign="top" | {|class="wikitable text-align:center" |- ! Season ! Division ! Pos. !Magyar kupa |- | 1957 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 1st |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1958 | bgcolor=#ddffdd| NB I |align=center| 13th |style="background:#efefef;" rowspan="5"|Did not held|- | 1959 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |- | 1960 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |- | 1961 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 5th |- | 1962 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 9th |- | 1963 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1964 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1965 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 7th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1966 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1967 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1968 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 2nd |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1969 | bgcolor=#ffdb58| NB II |align=center| 1st |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1970 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 4th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1971 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 2nd |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1972 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 6th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1973 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 5th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1974 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 5th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1975 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 4th |style="background:#efefef;"|Did not held|- | 1976 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1977 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1978 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 8th |style="background:#efefef;"| |- | 1979 | bgcolor=#ffffdd| NB I/B |align=center| 9th |style="background:#efefef;"| |} |valign="top" | |valign="top" | |valign="top" | 1983 Magyar kupa (December): 1988-89 Magyar kupa: |} In European competitionKomló score listed first. As of 25 October 2018. Participations in EHF Cup: 2x Participations in Challenge Cup (City Cup): 1x Participations in Cup Winners' Cup: 1x References External links Official website Category:Hungarian handball clubs |
J. F. Cameron John Forbes Cameron (July 1873 – 21 March 1952) was a Scottish mathematician, academic and academic administrator. He was Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge from 1928 to 1948 and was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1933 to 1935. Early life Cameron was born in July 1873 in Stanley, Perthshire, Scotland. He was educated at Perth Academy, a state high school in Perth, Scotland. He studied mathematics and natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. He was awarded a Ferguson Scholarship, available to graduates of Scottish universities, to attend the University of Cambridge. He studied the Mathematical Tripos at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge from 1895 to 1898. He was tutored by R. R Webb and completed his degree as second wrangler. Academic career In 1899, Cameron was elected a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. The following year, in 1900, he was appointed a lecturer in mathematics and in 1909 was appointed a tutor. During World War I, from 1914 to 1918, he left the college to work at the Ministry of Munitions. After the war, he returned to Gonville and Caius College and was appointed senior tutor in 1919. Between 1921 and 1928, he served as the college bursar. On 23 November 1928, he was elected Master of Gonville and Caius College. From 1933 to 1935, he additionally served as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. In 1943, he reached the usual retirement age for a college head, 70 years, but his tenure was extended. He finally retired in 1948, after 20 years as Master. References Category:1873 births Category:1952 deaths Category:British mathematicians Category:Masters of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge Category:Vice-Chancellors of the University of Cambridge Category:People from Perthshire Category:People educated at Perth Academy Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Category:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge |
McKeown McKeown and MacKeown are Irish surnames originating both from the Gaelic Mac Eoghain ("Son of Eoghan") and Mac Eoin ("Son of Eoin"), which are pronounced identically: /mək ˈow ən/ or "McOwen". The surnames are associated with the Mac Eoin Bissett family. A family who arrived in the Irish Glens of Antrim in the 13th century AD with John Bissett. The family settled in the region with other Anglo-Norman families, marrying into local Gaelic families, adopting the Gaelic culture, laws, language and finding themselves totally assimilated into Irish life. It has been suggested that within Northern Ireland's borders there are McKeowns that have a totally separate historical lineage, immigrating to Ireland with Ulster-Scotch planters, settling there during the great plantations. This claim is difficult to substantiate, due to poor church or state records during the plantation period. However, the lack of frequency of the name "McKeown" (and its variants) within earlier Scottish census records does not appear to suggest any evidence of a separate Scottish planter family. There are at least three common ways to pronounce the name. The name is commonly pronounced "Mick-Yone" within Ireland itself, however across the globe a whole range of slightly different pronunciations can now be found. /mɪk ˈjoʊn/ "Mick Yone" /mə ˈkju ən/ "Mick You-En" /mə ˈke ən/ "Mick Key-En" People Bob McKeown, Canadian reporter Charles McKeown, British actor and writer Ciaran McKeown (1943–2019), Northern Ireland peace activist Bishop Donal McKeown Catholic Auxiliary Bishop of Down and Connor Erin McKeown, American singer Gary McKeown, British footballer (retired) Greg McKeown (author), leadership consultant and writer Greg McKeown, American soccer player (retired) James McKeown, Irish football player Jim McKeown (soccer), American soccer player Jim McKeown (racing driver), Australian racing driver Jimeoin McKeown, Irish-Australian comedian and actor John McKeown, Scottish singer Joseph McKeown, British photographer Laurence McKeown, Provisional Irish Republican Army member Les McKeown, Scottish singer, former member of the Bay City Rollers M. Margaret McKeown, judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Max McKeown, British management author Nick McKeown, Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Stanford University Paul McKeown, Scottish Intelligence and Analytics expert Sean McKeown, American Herpetologist Susan McKeown, Irish-American singer Thomas McKeown, British physician and historian Thomas McKeown, Scottish footballer (Celtic, Blackburn Rovers, Scotland) Tom D. McKeown, American politician (US Representative from Oklahoma) See also McCune (surname) McCunn MacEwen Macuen Descendants of William MacKewen (McKwen) of New Brunswick, Canada circa 1800's changed the spelling of the surname to Macuen as local contemporary population had difficulty with the pronunciation of the surname as pronounced by his family /mək ju ən/ "Mac YU-en" Category:English-language surnames Category:Scottish surnames Category:Surnames of Irish origin Category:Patronymic surnames |
Dimorphoceratidae Dimorphoceratidae is one of two families included in the Dimorphoceratoidea, a superfamily of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Goniatitida that lived during the Late Paleozoic. They are dimorphocerataceans in which the external lateral lobes and prongs of the ventral lobe are bifid. The shells are strongly involute, subdiscoidal to lenticular. References Miller, A.K. et al. Paleozoic Ammonoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press. Dimorphoceratidae in GONIAT Online 5/30/12 The Paleobiology Database 10/01/07 Category:Goniatitida families Category:Dimorphocerataceae |
Nakoruru is a character in the Samurai Shodown (Samurai Spirits in Japan) series of fighting games by SNK. She is one of the series' best known and most popular characters alongside its main protagonist Haohmaru, and has been introduced in the original Samurai Shodown in 1993. Nakoruru is a good-hearted, young Ainu shrine maiden who loves nature and fights evil with the help of her hawk sidekick Mamahaha. She has a younger sister named Rimururu and an aggressive, and bloodthirsty darker side alter-ego known as Rera. As one of SNK's popular mascot characters, Nakoruru has also appeared in many other games and other media. Appearances Samurai Shodown games Nakoruru is featured as a player character in most game entries in the Samurai Shodown series, including Samurai Shodown (1993), Shinsetsu Samurai Spirits Bushidō Retsuden (a role-playing game), Samurai Shodown II, Samurai Shodown III (where she also makes background appearance in Rimururu's stage), Samurai Shodown IV, Samurai Shodown V, Samurai Shodown V Special, Samurai Shodown VI, Samurai Shodown!, Samurai Shodown 64, Samurai Shodown! 2, Samurai Shodown 64: Warriors Rage, Samurai Shodown: Edge of Destiny, and Samurai Shodown (2019). She is also playable in various mobile spin-off titles, such as endless runner Samurai Shodown Slash, action game Samurai: Rougetsuki Densetsu, and rising simulation Maid by Iroha. In Samurai Shodown: Warriors Rage, the spirit of Nakoruru is an unplayable story mode character, but its PocketStation mini game is centered around her. She also featured as a non-player character mentor to the protagonist in the spin-off game, Nakoruru: Ano Hito kara no Okurimono, a 2001 visual novel adventure game which takes place between the first two games in the series. In the series, Nakoruru is a gentle and shy teenage girl serving Mother Nature as a shamanic priestess of the Ainu religion, born on Hokkaido island in 1771. Despite her usually pacifistic ways, she became a Kamui warrior of her peaceful village Kamuikotan (神居古潭) after the death of her idolized father, and continues to fulfill this role throughout the series, fighting evil, often alongside Haohmaru, and even assuming a human form after her death (when she sacrifices herself to restore the balance of nature and preserve the land for her people at the end of the second game). Eventually, she merges her soul with Gaia and becomes "the holy spirit who wanders through time" in a form that resembles a koro-pok-guru. Unable to assume her original form, she asks the player to awaken her younger sibling, Rimururu the Maiden of Light, who has been sealed by Oboro. Nakoruru fights with a treasured ceremonial makiri (a type of Ainu dagger or short sword sometimes known as "Ainu kodachi") called the Chichi-ushi (チチウシ, Father Bull). Depending on the form, she is aided by either a mountain hawk-eagle named Mamahaha (ママハハ, in her "Slash" form) or a cross between Hokkaido wolf and Siberian wolf named Shikuru (シクルゥ, in her "Bust" form), also having other animal friends. Her powers include communicating with nature, fueling her blade with ki energy, ability to reflect a projectile back to its sender using her cloak, and healing wounds with the power of nature. American ninja Galford D. Weller is in love with her. The endings for Samurai Shodown VI revealed that Nakoruru and an alter-ego of Galford traveled the world together. The King of Fighters games In The King of Fighters series, Nakoruru has first appeared playable as a secret character in the Game Boy version of The King of Fighters '95 (without her animals). She also appeared as a non-playable character in The King of Fighters '94 Re-Bout, The King of Fighters |
2000 (as a Special Striker for Yuri Sakazaki), The King of Fighters 2002: Unlimited Match, and The King of Fighters XIII (in the Japan stage and in the Android/iOS versions as a tutorial instructor). Nakoruru has made her canonical playable debut in The King of Fighters XIV, as the leader of the "Another World Team", playing a vital role in that new arc. In it, Nakoruru senses recent timeline changes (caused by Ash Crimson at the end of the thirteenth tournament) as a new terrible evil known as Verse is coming through a rift in time and space. To prevent that, Nakoruru travels to the present and teamed up with Dragon Gals Mui Mui and Sky Love's Love Heart to enter the tournament and defeat Verse. Together with Team Japan and Team Official Invitation, Nakoruru and her team manage to beat Verse, and afterwards they have fun visiting Hokkaido and China. Nakoruru returns as a playable character in The King of Fighters All-Star, in which she and four characters from Samurai Shodown (Haohmaru and Ukyo Tachibana) and The Last Blade (Kaede and Yuki) awaken in the modern world and must team up with Kyo Kusanagi in a fight to seal away the KOF series' antagonist Orochi. Other video games Besides Samurai Shodown and The King of Fighters games, Nakoruru is playable in the fighting games Capcom vs. SNK: Millennium Fight 2000 (as an unlockable secret character), Capcom vs. SNK 2, SNK vs. Capcom: The Match of the Millennium (as rival of Capcom's Morrigan Aensland), Neo Geo Battle Coliseum, SNK Gals' Fighters, and SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy. She is also playable in various SNK games such as Neo Geo Tennis Coliseum, Quiz King of Fighters, and The Rhythm of Fighters. Nakoruru has also made collaboration event appearances in many portable and mobile games, including Dai Shingeki RPG! Sister Quest, Dark Avenger X, Granblue Fantasy, Kingdom Story: Brave Legion, Kal Kal Kal All Together, Kotatsu Mikuni Kansai Senki, Might & Magic: Elemental Guardians, The Samurai Kingdom, Wangzhe Rongyao, Yamato Chronicle, and You Are the Hero!. In Blade Smash she was redesigned as a ninja, while in Lost Saga she was made optionally male as well female. Nakoruru is furthermore a non-player character in the dating sims Days of Memories: Oedo Love Scroll and Kaze Maiu Miyako de Tsukamaete!, and has a cameo of Rera as Nakoruru in Sekai de Ichiban Atsui Fuyu. She appears in cards in SNK Dream Battle and SNK vs. Capcom Card Fighters DS. She also appears as a spirit in Nintendo's Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, where a Mii Fighter costume based on her is available as downloadable content. Other appearances Nakoruru appears in an anime film Samurai Shodown: The Motion Picture and in an anime OVA miniseries Nakoruru: Ano Hito kara no Okurimono (as titular lead character) and Samurai Spirits 2: Asura-Zanmaden (appearing along with Rera in both OVAs), also making a cameo in Fatal Fury: The Motion Picture (in a cosplay of Reiko Chiba), as well as in a number of manga releases (including as a co-protagonist of Kyoichi Nanatsuki and Yuki Miyoshi's adaptation of the first Samurai Shodown, which was serialized in the West in an American magazine Game On!). She is also featured in several of the series' drama CDs and is a member in SNK's character image band, Band of Fighters, starring in her own character image CD. Nakoruru further shows up in pachinko slot machine systems, including prominently in "Samurai Spirits" and especially "Samurai Spirits Oni (Nakoruru)". She has dozens of figurines made in her image, and even a life-size figure, also |
being featured in various other merchandise such as T-shirts, and in an American collectible card game Universal Fighting System. Keeping in key with her nature-loving persona, Nakoruru was used as a mascot for SNK's environmental awareness campaigns conducted together with city administrations in Mitaka and Kyoto in 1994. In 2007, SNK Playmore also created a social action program for children using Nakoruru and the Fatal Fury star Terry Bogard as their mascots. An image of praying Nakoruru was used to support the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami relief fund-raising. Design and gameplay The series' creator Yasushi Adachi chose "the two flagship characters" Haohmaru and Nakoruru as the characters that best sum up the series, with Nakoruru being "a main character in the storyline who has to fight for her life and her destiny, and sacrifices herself in the end to preserve an important cause," and thus representing "some of the most important Samurai Shodown themes." The idea for the character came from a modern Japanese perception of the indigenous Ainu people of Hokkaido, being depicted as revering nature and peacefully coexisting with it. Before the Samurai Spirit project began, one of Nakoruru's creators had thought that "one day Ainu women should have a first-class appearance" in a video game as he thought they have had received too little attention and representation in modern media. Her costume design was based on Ainu clothing (in two main versions depending on the length of her skirt) and she was supposed to mix a concept of a "petite girl with a lovely appearance and personality" with an "innovative" character performance of commanding a hawk companion in battle. Although Nakoruru was not directly modeled after any particular existing character, Hilda from The Great Adventure of Horus, Prince of the Sun and Kamui from The Dagger of Kamui helped her conception process. The girl that appears during Nakoruru's entrances in Capcom vs. SNK is one of her childhood friends introduced in Nakoruru: Ano Hito kara no Okurimono, Manari. Nakoruru was notably the first fighting game character brought back to life following her demise and one of the first who used a sidekick character in gameplay. Nakoruru is a rather petite girl that is 153 cm tall. An alternate, palette swap version of her with tanned skin and different colors of hair and eyes is the Bust Nakoruru (Rasetsu Nakoruru) or EX Nakoruru,''' a recurring "Easter egg" type character that eventually evolved into Rera. Popularly known as , she is a crueler and cockier version of Nakoruru, more violent about fulfilling her mission to protect nature, and her companion is Shikuru the wolf. In the 1999 anime film Samurai Spirits 2: Asura Zanmaden, Rera tries to support her host in giving up fighting for a while, but eventually she understands Nakoruru in what has to be done to help Shiki. Nakoruru leaves to help Shiki, but not before Rera warns her that if she doesn't succeed, she will kill her host. Rera later appears at the end of the film telling Nakoruru to be safe on her journey. In the fan service oriented fighting game SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy, Nakoruru appears as default in a "sexy vampire" costume with a bat as her animal, while in The King of Fighters XIV she can be dressed up in a modern schoolgirl uniform of the "Kamuikotan Private High School". To compensate for Nakoruru's short weapon range, players must rely on her speed to punish their opponents' mistakes. Nakoruru's strengths lie in her air supremacy (including aerial throws) and ability to jump around the sides of the screen. She |
can also recover from her moves a little quicker than other characters, making it easier for her to hit-and-run during fights. To balance her out with the rest of the cast, her attack strength is slightly weaker than most fighters. Her move set usually incorporates slightly longer ranged attacks that project her or her animal companions to her foes so her attack range is not limited to her sword. Since Samurai Shodown II, she can also reflect projectiles with the move "Kamui Ryusei". Mamahaha can be used by the player to attack opponents in a diagonal aerial attack, acting as Nakoruru's projectile and anti-air defense. The player may also command Nakoruru to use him as a mount for a limited time. Whilst she is in the air, players can command the pair to hover higher, drop, or use Nakoruru to attack foes; she may do so normally from Mamahaha's height or players may choose to drop her in a swirl attacking motion or use a diagonal nosedive attack. Her moves' names are written in Hokkaido Ainu. Prior to Samurai Shodown V Special, Nakoruru and Rimururu have been the series' two characters notable for being immune to the Fatality-like bloody killing moves. In Samurai Shodown: Edge of Destiny, Mamahaha does not appear in fights except in special moves. The presence of monkeys in Nakoruru's stage in the original Samurai Shodown was a mistake of the background designer Tomoaki Fukui which confused many fans as there are no monkeys on Hokkaido. There have been attempts to add Nakoruru into the series The King of Fighters already during the 1990s: a "Samurai Spirits Team" was originally scheduled to participate in The King of Fighters '95 and The King of Fighters '96 as Nakoruru was intended to team up with Galford and Haohmaru. Rera (meaning "Wind" in Ainu) is a player character introduced in 2003. Her mannerism was based on Nakoruru's "Bust" form, being a violent and haughty ego of hers. The ruthless Nakoruru suppresses this side of herself as Rera sees "eliminating everyone who stands in her way" as a necessity to protect nature. Rera can physically take over Nakoruru, but has only done so when Nakoruru is reluctant to kill her enemies, and even manifest as a separate material entity to protect her host. Rera eventually merges back with Nakoruru after she realizes that fighting does not solve everything and peaceful solutions can be made. Rera is playable in Samurai Shodown V and VI. Similar to Nakoruru's "Bust" form in Samurai Shodown III and IV, she too wields a short sword and fights alongside her wolf, Shikuru, which primarily serves as a mount for her mount and is a necessity for several her special moves. Whilst Rera mounts him, the player can run faster and jump longer distances at the sacrifice of a lower height. She also appears in Days of Memories and in the film Nakoruru: Ano Hito kara no Okurimono. In the games, Rera wears an outfit similar to her host, but the coloring is indigo and white instead of the usual white and red outfit Nakoruru wears. Her pants are also different, being indigo with a black stripe at the end. She wears indigo shoes similar to Nakoruru's red ones, but with a brown stripe on the rims, and a necklace with a red gem on it. In her film appearance, Rera wears an outfit similar to Nakoruru's but its outlines are purple instead of read. She also has a purple lacey on top of her head, but does not have a ribbon on the back of her hair. |
Reception and cultural impact As an iconic Samurai Shodown and SNK character, Nakoruru has been well received worldwide, becoming especially popular in Japan. According to The King of Fighters XIV producer Yasuyuki Oda, this surprised even the company as no one at SNK had "expected that Nakoruru would become a popular character to that extent." Her great popularity has made many in Japan interested in the modern Ainu people. Japanese arcade gaming magazine Gamest named her as the best character of 1993, later also placing her sixth in 1995 and 1996, 13th in 1997, and tenth in 1998. Japanese Sega Saturn Magazine ranked her as the eight best female character on the Sega Saturn in 1997, with her sister Rimururu placing 31st. Japanese magazine Neo Geo Freak ranked her as the fifth best character on the Neo Geo in 1998, where Rimururu was eight; Nakoruru and Rimururu have been also voted as respectively first and third most popular female characters by the male readers of Neo Geo Freak in 1997. Retrospectively, Japanese magazine Famitsu declared Nakoruru as overally the 37th top video game heroine of the 1990s, with her being one of the only three non-Capcom fighting game characters on this list. Nakoruru was added to 2016's KOF XIV due to her enduring popularity. In a 2018 Famitsu poll for the most popular Neo Geo character, Nakoruru was voted third in general and first among the female ones (noted as ahead of the likes of Mai Shiranui or Athena Asamiya). Authors of the many (often erotic) Nakoruru-themed dōjin manga include Aoi Nanase, whose original take on a resurrected Nakoruru was praised by many as arguably better than official illustrations and was even later used for the creation of the series' anime adaptation. Similar to Capcom's Chun-Li, Nakoruru became particularly popular among cosplaying girls in Japan, as well as even some males, especially at Tokyo Game Show events during the 1990s. A cosplayer dressed as her is featured in Honobu Yonezawa's novel Hyōka and in its anime adaptation. In the West, GamePro reviewers criticized the original Samurai Shodown for its perceived unbalancing of characters, singling out Nakoruru as "too weak", but Electronic Gaming Monthly conversely opined that "despite her size, Nakoruru is one of the deadlier fighters" in the game. Hobby Consolas described this "no doubt" favourite Samurai Shodown female character as an equivalent of Mai Shiranui from Fatal Fury but with a different appeal, that is an irresistible cuteness instead of sexual provocativeness. She has since been included among the series' favourites of many gaming publications, including Anime News Network, GamesRadar, IGN, Joystiq, Official Xbox Magazine and VideoGamer.com. In 2012, GamesRadar listed Nakoruru among top seven fighting game characters of all time, comparing her to a "feudal Japan version of Captain Planet". The staff of Retro Gamer chose when they had first saw Nakoruru as their "defining moment" of Samurai Shodown, due to her "incredibly useful" hawk companion Mamahaha as "a very early use of a satellite character, an innovative concept in fighting games." Tracey John from MTV also included Mamahaha (misspelled as "Mahaha") among the greatest birds in video game history and Rich Knight from Complex listed it as one of the ten craziest weapons in fighting games. References External links Nakoruru and Rera at Samurai Shodown'' official website Category:Female characters in video games Category:Fictional Ainu people Category:Fictional characters from Hokkaido Category:Fictional characters with multiple personalities Category:Fictional miko Category:Fictional Japanese people in video games Category:Fictional kenjutsuka Category:Fictional shamans Category:Religious worker characters in video games Category:Samurai Shodown characters Category:Teenage characters in video games Category:SNK protagonists Category:The King of Fighters characters |
Category:Video game characters in anime and manga Category:Video game characters in comics Category:Video game characters introduced in 1993 Category:Video game mascots Category:Woman soldier and warrior characters in video games |
Obrecht Pyramid Obrecht Pyramid () is a pyramidal peak (about 600 m) on the north shore of Joerg Peninsula, Bowman Coast. The peak was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service (USAS), 1940, and was surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1946-48. The name "Punta Alberto Obrecht" after Alberto Obrecht, former Director of the Chilean Astronomical Observatory and a member of the Comision Antartica Chilena of 1906, was applied to this feature on a Chilean hydrographic chart of 1947. An amended form of the original name has been approved. Category:Mountains of Graham Land Category:Bowman Coast |
Vsevolod Zanko Vsevolod Zanko (born 30 July 1995) is a Russian swimmer, born in Moscow. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. References External links Category:Living people Category:Olympic swimmers of Russia Category:Russian male swimmers Category:Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics Category:1995 births |
Zeppelin (surname) The surname Zeppelin first appeared in a German document dated September 1286, indicating an origin in the town of Zepelin, which is now a municipality in the district of Rostock, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. In the Middle Ages, to be called von Zeppelin could mean simply "from Zeppelin". However, in later centuries the word "von" was added only as a nobiliary particle, indicating an ancestor who had been ennobled. People Germany Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838–1917), a German general and later aircraft manufacturer, who founded the Zeppelin airship company. Eberhard von Zeppelin, was a German Historian and brother of Ferdinand von Zeppelin Ferdinand Ludwig von Zeppelin, was a German diplomat and politician Friedrich von Zeppelin, was a German court official Karl von Zeppelin, was a German diplomat and head of state See also Zeppelin (disambiguation) |
Christopher (disambiguation) Christopher is a masculine given name. Christopher may also refer to: People Christopher (singer) (born 1992), Danish singer Christopher of Bavaria (1416–1448), union king of Denmark (1440–1448), Sweden (1441–1448), and Norway (1442–1448) Christopher of Prague (born 1953), primate-elect of the Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia Christopher of Werle (died 1425), Prince of the Wends Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark (1888–1940), son of George I, King of Greece Saint Christopher (died 251), saint venerated by Catholics and Orthodox Christians People with the surname Alfred Christopher (1820–1913), British clergyman and cricketer Brian Christopher (born 1987), American lacrosse player Brian Christopher (full name Brian Christopher Lawler, 1972–2018), American professional wrestler Dennis Christopher (born 1958), American actor Sir Robin Christopher (diplomat) (born 1944), British ambassador Robin Christopher (born 1965), American actress Sybil Christopher (1929–2013), Welsh actress Warren Christopher (1925–2011), American diplomat and politician William Christopher (1932–2016), American actor Places In the United States Christopher, Georgia, a ghost town Christopher, Illinois, a city Christopher, Kentucky, an unincorporated community Christopher, Missouri, an unincorporated community Christopher, Washington, a former community In Canada Christopher Lake, Saskatchewan, a village Christopher Lake, lake in Saskatchewan Art, entertainment, and media Fictional characters Christopher "Chris" Halliwell, character in Charmed Christopher Moltisanti, a fictional character on the HBO series The Sopranos Christopher Pike (Star Trek), captain of the USS Enterprise in the first Star Trek pilot ("The Cage") and in Star Trek (2009 film) Christopher Robin, character in the Winnie-the-Pooh books by A. A. Milne Music Christopher (Sleep album) Christopher (The Ruby Suns album) Television "Christopher" (The Sopranos), an episode of the American TV series The Sopranos See also Chris Christoph (disambiguation) Christophe (disambiguation) Christophers |
Colorado State Penitentiary Colorado State Penitentiary (commonly abbreviated CSP) is a Level V maximum security prison in the U.S. state of Colorado. The facility stands in the state's East Cañon Complex with six other state correctional facilities of various security levels. Description CSP is located in Fremont County, just east of Cañon City, Colorado. It is one of 25 prisons in the Colorado Department of Corrections system, and one of seven in and around Cañon City. The oldest of the seven, originally built in 1871 and predating Colorado's statehood, was the original State Penitentiary, the home of Colorado's death row, and the site of the 1929 riot. After the 1993 construction of the current facility, that prison was re-dedicated as the medium-security Colorado Territorial Correctional Facility. It stands within the Cañon City city limits. Other prisons in the East Cañon Complex include the Arrowhead Correctional Center, the Centennial Correctional Facility, Four Mile Correctional Center, the Fremont Correctional Facility, and Skyline Correctional Center, all nearby in unincorporated Fremont County. The Colorado Women's Correctional Facility near Cañon City in unincorporated Fremont County was decommissioned on June 4, 2009. Today CSP houses some of Colorado's most dangerous, most violent and most disruptive prisoners. It also houses the Lethal Injection Chamber, although the prisoners who were sentenced to death are currently housed at Sterling Correctional Facility. All inmates at Colorado State Penitentiary are under solitary confinement, officially termed Administrative Segregation (AdSeg). AdSeg inmates are all held in solitary cells on 23-hour lockdown for their entire sentence. However, CSP was expected to begin housing a small number of high security inmates in 2012. Solitary Confinement is not allowed anymore. CSP allows offenders out of their cells and they actually get yard time as well. As of 2011 the prison has 984 prisoners. Death row When the Colorado State Penitentiary opened, death row moved there from the Colorado Territorial Correctional Facility. Currently the state of Colorado has no physical death row since 2011 when the State of Colorado moved its death row prisoners to the Sterling Correctional Facility in order to settle a federal lawsuit filed by Nathan Dunlap, a death row prisoner who had successfully complained about the state's lack of outdoor exercise facilities at Colorado State Penitentiary. By state statute death-row inmates are executed at the Colorado State Penitentiary where they spend the week before their scheduled execution in a separate holding cell situated in the execution suite. All prisoners with death sentences are given classifications of "securest custody level, administrative segregation". Publicly known inmates Charles 'Chucky' Limbrick Jr. - Youngest person in Colorado State history to be tried as an adult. Convicted of 1st Degree murder in 1988, when he was 15 years old, for the death of his mother in Colorado Springs and sentenced to 40 years to life. Released from prison on parole in 2011 on orders from then Colorado State's Governor Bill Ritter. Scott Lee Kimball - Serial Killer, sentenced to 70 years in 2009. James Eagan Holmes - sentenced to 12 straight life sentences plus over 3 millennia in prison for killing twelve people in 2012. Death Row inmates Jack Gilbert Graham - Responsible for bombing of flight which bore his mother, killing all passengers. Benjamin Ratcliff - hanged on February 7, 1896, for the murders in 1895 of three school-board members in Park County Nathan Dunlap - in 1996, sentenced to death in Arapahoe County for killing four people during a revenge killing and robbery at an Aurora Chuck-E-Cheese restaurant in 1993. Dunlap's execution is set out since he has been granted temporary reprieve by Colorado State's governor |
John Hickenlooper in 2013. Sir Mario Owens - in 2008, sentenced to death in Arapahoe County for the murder of witnesses of a previous murder that he was also convicted of. Robert Ray - in 2010, sentenced to death in Arapahoe County. He is the co-defendant in the same case as Sir Mario Owens. In popular media CSP was the focus on the documentary series National Geographic Explorer episode "Solitary Confinement". The episode was first broadcast April 11, 2010. The original penitentiary was the subject of the 1948 semi-documentary Canon City, chronicling the December 30, 1947, prison break of 12 inmates. Principal filming was conducted in the prison and environs of Cañon City six months after the actual event. Maximum Insecurity, an Amazon bestseller, gives an inside look at the medical system at the Colorado State Penitentiary. In Tallgrass, a novel by Sandra Dallas, Bobby Archuleta, a beet farmer who confesses to raping and killing his sister-in-law, a teenage girl with polio, is sent to the Colorado State Penitentiary after confessing. Further reading External links Official website References Category:Buildings and structures in Fremont County, Colorado Category:Prisons in Colorado Category:Execution sites in the United States Category:1993 establishments in Colorado |
Meilendorf Meilendorf is a village and a former municipality in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Südliches Anhalt. Category:Villages in Saxony-Anhalt Category:Duchy of Anhalt Category:Bezirk Halle |
List of botanical gardens and arboretums in New York This list is intended to include all significant botanical gardens and arboreta in the U.S. state of New York. See also List of botanical gardens and arboretums in the United States Category:Tourist attractions in New York (state) botanical gardens and arboretums in New York |
Gongsun Gong Gongsun Gong () ( 200s–230s) was a minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Gongsun Du and a younger brother of Gongsun Kang, who both consecutively served as the Administrators of Liaodong Commandery in northeastern China. In 207, he advised his brother Gongsun Kang to execute the warlords Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang, who had fled to Liaodong Commandery for shelter after their defeat by the warlord Cao Cao. Gongsun Kang did so and sent the Yuans' heads to Cao Cao. After Gongsun Kang died, Gongsun Gong succeeded his brother as the new Administrator of Liaodong Commandery because Gongsun Kang's sons were too young at the time to assume the office. Gongsun Gong remained as a vassal of the Eastern Han dynasty and later pledged allegiance to the Cao Wei state, which replaced the Eastern Han dynasty in 220. In the same year, the Wei emperor Cao Pi granted Gongsun Gong the nominal appointment of General of Chariots and Cavalry (車騎將軍). In 228, Gongsun Yuan, Gongsun Kang's son, seized power from his uncle Gongsun Gong and put him in prison. Gongsun Yuan then started a rebellion against Wei, but the rebellion was suppressed by the Wei general Sima Yi in 238. Gongsun Gong was released after that. His eventual fate is unknown. See also Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms References Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi). Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu). Category:Year of birth unknown Category:Year of death unknown Category:Gongsun Du and associates Category:Gongsun Kang and associates Category:Cao Wei politicians Category:Cao Wei generals |
Vestibulocochlear nerve The vestibulocochlear nerve (auditory vestibular nerve), known as the eighth cranial nerve, transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain. Structure The vestibulocochlear nerve consists mostly of bipolar neurons and splits into two large divisions: the cochlear nerve and the vestibular nerve. Cranial nerve 8, the vestibulocochlear nerve, goes to the middle portion of the brainstem called the pons, (which then is largely composed of fibers going to the cerebellum). The 8th cranial nerve runs between the base of the pons (the middle portion of the brainstem) and medulla oblongata (the lower portion of the brainstem). This junction between the pons, medulla, and cerebellum that contains the 8th nerve is called the cerebellopontine angle. The vestibulocochlear nerve is accompanied by the labyrinthine artery, which usually branches off from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) at the cerebellopontine angle, and then goes with the 8th nerve through the internal acoustic meatus to the internal ear. The cochlear nerve travels away from the cochlea of the inner ear where it starts as the spiral ganglia. Processes from the organ of Corti conduct afferent transmission to the spiral ganglia. It is the inner hair cells of the organ of Corti that are responsible for activation of afferent receptors in response to pressure waves reaching the basilar membrane through the transduction of sound. The exact mechanism by which sound is transmitted by the neurons of the cochlear nerve is uncertain; the two competing theories are place theory and temporal theory. The vestibular nerve travels from the vestibular system of the inner ear. The vestibular ganglion houses the cell bodies of the bipolar neurons and extends processes to five sensory organs. Three of these are the cristae located in the ampullae of the semicircular canals. Hair cells of the cristae activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration. The other two sensory organs supplied by the vestibular neurons are the maculae of the saccule and utricle. Hair cells of the maculae in the utricle activate afferent receptors in response to linear acceleration while hair cells of the maculae in the saccule respond to vertically directed linear force. Development The vestibulocochlear nerve is derived from the embryonic otic placode. Function This is the nerve along which the sensory cells (the hair cells) of the inner ear transmit information to the brain. It consists of the cochlear nerve, carrying information about hearing, and the vestibular nerve, carrying information about balance. It emerges from the pontomedullary junction and exits the inner skull via the internal acoustic meatus (or internal auditory meatus) in the temporal bone. The vestibulocochlear nerve carries axons of type SSA, special somatic afferent, which carry the modalities of hearing and equilibrium. Clinical significance Symptoms of damage Damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve may cause the following symptoms: hearing loss vertigo false sense of motion loss of equilibrium (in dark places) nystagmus motion sickness gaze-evoked tinnitus. Examination Examinations that can be done include the Rinne test and the Weber test. Rinne's test involves Rinne's Right Test and Rinne's Left Test since auditory acuity is equal in both ears. If Bone Conduction(BC) is more than Air Conduction(AC) i.e. BC>AC indicates Rinne Test is negative or abnormal. If AC>BC Rinne test is normal or positive. If BC>AC and Weber's test lateralizes to abnormal side then it is Conductive hearing loss. If AC>BC and Weber's test lateralizes to normal side then it concludes Sensorineural hearing loss. After pure-tone testing, if the AC and BC responses at all frequencies 500-8000 Hz are better than 25 dB HL, meaning 0-24 dB HL, the results are |
considered normal hearing sensitivity. If the AC and BC are worse than 25 dB HL at any one or more frequency between 500-8000 Hz, meaning 25+, and there is a no bigger difference between AC and BC beyond 10 dB at any frequency, there is a sensori-neural hearing loss present. If the BC responses are normal, 0-24 dB HL, and the AC are worse than 25 dB HL, as well as a 10 dB gap between the air and bone responses, a conductive hearing loss is present. {updated March 2019} The modified Hughson–Westlake method is used by many audiologists during testing. A battery of (1) otoscopy, to view the ear canal and tympanic membrane, (2) tympanometry, to assess the immittance of the tympanic membrane and how well it moves, (3) otoacoustic emissions, to measure the response of the outer hair cells located in the cochlea, (4) audiobooth pure-tone testing, to obtain thresholds to determine the type, severity, and pathology of the hearing loss present, and (5) speech tests, to measure the patients recognition and ability to repeat the speech heard, is all taken into consideration when diagnosing the pathology of the patient. History Etymology Some older texts call the nerve the acoustic or auditory nerve, but these terms have fallen out of widespread use because they fail to recognize the nerve's role in the vestibular system. Vestibulocochlear nerve is therefore preferred by most. See also Auditory system References Additional images External links () Category:Cranial nerves |
Kedar Paswan Kedar Paswan was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from the Rosera in Bihar as a member of the Samyukta Socialist Party. References External links Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website Category:Samyukta Socialist Party politicians Category:4th Lok Sabha members Category:1920 births Category:2016 deaths |
FarSite Communications Limited FarSite Communications Limited is a privately owned designer, developer and manufacturer of communications and smart city products. FarSite was founded in 1998 and has headquarters in Basingstoke, United Kingdom and a second location in Guangzhou City, China. FarSite was founded by a team of people formerly working for Racal Datacom Limited and The Software Forge Limited. FarSite products are sold worldwide both direct and through a number of local distributors and resellers. FarSite also provide development services to other companies needing communications or systems level development expertise. Products FarSite Communications' products include the following: netBin Container Fill Level Monitoring System nLok Container Access Control Solution Liquinet Liquid Level Monitoring Solution FarSync PCI, PCIe and PCMCIA cards FarSync Flex USB communications device FarLinX Gateway appliances Communications software products Various communications protocols are supported by the PC-based communications cards on both Linux and Windows operating systems, including X.25 PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol Cisco HDLC Frame Relay HDLC Bitstreaming for Digital Audio Broadcasting and VOIP The Communications Gateways provide TCP to X.25 and X.25 to XOT interworking. Awards In 2009, FarSite Communications Limited was awarded the Queen's Award for Enterprise, the United Kingdom's most prestigious award for business performance. References External links FarSite Communications Limited FarSite IoT website Category:Technology companies established in 1998 Category:Telecommunications equipment vendors Category:Networking hardware companies Category:Privately held companies of the United Kingdom Category:1998 establishments in England Category:British companies established in 1998 |