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coldfusion |
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#coldfusion |
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Table of Contents |
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About |
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Chapter 1: Getting started with coldfusion |
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Remarks |
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Versions |
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Examples |
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Installation or Setup |
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Linux (Ubuntu) Installation |
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Lucee (Open Source) |
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ColdFusion / CFML Interpretor |
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Nginx |
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Adobe (Closed Source) |
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ColdFusion / CFML Interpretor |
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Nginx |
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Hello World |
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Chapter 2: CFLOOP How-To |
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Remarks |
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Examples |
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Looping through a collection using CFML tags. |
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Looping through a collection using CFSCRIPT. |
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Index |
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Parameters |
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Basic index loop |
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Increase step to 2 |
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Decrement step by 1 |
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CFLoop in a Function |
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ColdFusion 11 through current |
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Condition |
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Tag syntax |
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Parameters |
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Generated HTML |
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1 |
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2 |
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2 |
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3 |
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3 |
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3 |
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3 |
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4 |
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4 |
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5 |
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7 |
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7 |
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7 |
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8 |
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8 |
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9 |
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9 |
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10 |
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10 |
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10 |
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10 |
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10 |
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CFScript |
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Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
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ColdFusion 8 through current |
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ColdFusion 11 through current |
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Generated HTML |
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Date or time range |
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Query |
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Parameters |
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Example query |
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Tag syntax |
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Generated HTML |
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Limiting output to specific rows |
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Grouping Output |
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CFScript |
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ColdFusion 6 (MX) though current |
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ColdFusion 8 though current |
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ColdFusion 10 though current |
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ColdFusion 11 though current |
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List |
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Tag syntax |
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Parameters |
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Generated HTML |
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CFScript |
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Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
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ColdFusion 8 through current |
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ColdFusion 9 through current |
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ColdFusion 11 through current |
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Generated HTML |
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Array |
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Tag syntax |
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ColdFusion 8 through current |
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10 |
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11 |
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11 |
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11 |
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11 |
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11 |
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11 |
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11 |
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12 |
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12 |
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12 |
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13 |
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13 |
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14 |
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15 |
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15 |
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15 |
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15 |
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16 |
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16 |
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16 |
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16 |
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16 |
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16 |
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17 |
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17 |
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17 |
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17 |
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17 |
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17 |
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17 |
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Parameters |
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Generated HTML |
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ColdFusion 2016 through current |
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Parameters |
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Generated HTML |
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CFScript |
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Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
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ColdFusion 8 through current |
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ColdFusion 9 through current |
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ColdFusion 11 through current |
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Generated HTML |
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File |
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Structure |
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Tag syntax |
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Parameters |
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Using Structure Functions |
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Implicit Structure Syntax |
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Generated HTML |
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CFScript |
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Output the structure's keys |
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Generated HTML |
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Output the value of the structure's keys |
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Using Structure Functions |
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Implicit Structure Syntax |
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ColdFusion 11 through current |
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Generated HTML |
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Index Loop |
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Conditional Loop |
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Query Loop |
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List Loop |
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File Loop |
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COM Collection/Structure Loops |
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18 |
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18 |
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18 |
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19 |
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19 |
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19 |
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19 |
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19 |
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19 |
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20 |
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20 |
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20 |
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20 |
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21 |
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21 |
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21 |
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21 |
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21 |
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21 |
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21 |
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22 |
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22 |
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22 |
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22 |
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22 |
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23 |
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23 |
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23 |
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Chapter 3: cfquery |
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Parameters |
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Examples |
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Using cfquery within a Function |
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Query of Query |
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Function Calls |
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User.cfc |
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Chapter 4: ColdFusion Arrays |
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Syntax |
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Parameters |
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Remarks |
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Examples |
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Creating Arrays |
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Creating arrays explicitly using ArrayNew() |
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History |
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Declaration |
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Using ArrayAppend() |
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Creating 1-D Array Implicitly |
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Create 2-D Array Implicitly |
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Array in CFScript |
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Similarly, for 2 Dimension Array: |
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General information |
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Chapter 5: Creating REST APIs in coldfusion |
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Introduction |
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Examples |
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Creating backend |
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The interface |
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Chapter 6: Database Queries |
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Examples |
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Working with databases |
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Basic Example |
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24 |
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24 |
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24 |
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24 |
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24 |
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24 |
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24 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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26 |
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27 |
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28 |
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29 |
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30 |
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31 |
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31 |
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32 |
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32 |
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32 |
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32 |
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32 |
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33 |
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33 |
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33 |
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33 |
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Authentication |
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Cached Queries |
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Limiting the Number of Records Returned |
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Timeouts |
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Chapter 7: How to invoke a private method dynamically |
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Remarks |
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Examples |
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CFML |
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CFSCRIPT (CF10+) |
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Chapter 8: Scopes in Coldfusion |
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Introduction |
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Examples |
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Request Scopes |
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Global Scopes |
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Components and functions |
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Custom tags |
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Common scopes |
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Overview |
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Chapter 9: Variables |
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Parameters |
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Examples |
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Using cfset |
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Using cfparam |
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Checking if a Variable Exists |
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Setting a variable scope |
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Chapter 10: Working with RegExp Replace callbacks |
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Introduction |
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Parameters |
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Remarks |
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Examples |
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User defined REReplaceCallback function |
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Using REReplaceCallback function |
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34 |
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34 |
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35 |
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35 |
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36 |
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36 |
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36 |
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36 |
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36 |
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37 |
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37 |
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37 |
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37 |
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37 |
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37 |
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37 |
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38 |
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38 |
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39 |
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39 |
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39 |
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39 |
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39 |
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40 |
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40 |
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42 |
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42 |
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42 |
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42 |
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42 |
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43 |
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43 |
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Credits |
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44 |
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About |
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You can share this PDF with anyone you feel could benefit from it, downloaded the latest version |
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from: coldfusion |
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It is an unofficial and free coldfusion ebook created for educational purposes. All the content is |
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extracted from Stack Overflow Documentation, which is written by many hardworking individuals at |
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Stack Overflow. It is neither affiliated with Stack Overflow nor official coldfusion. |
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The content is released under Creative Commons BY-SA, and the list of contributors to each |
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chapter are provided in the credits section at the end of this book. Images may be copyright of |
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their respective owners unless otherwise specified. All trademarks and registered trademarks are |
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the property of their respective company owners. |
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Use the content presented in this book at your own risk; it is not guaranteed to be correct nor |
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accurate, please send your feedback and corrections to [email protected] |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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1 |
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Chapter 1: Getting started with coldfusion |
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Remarks |
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This section provides an overview of what coldfusion is, and why a developer might want to use it. |
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It should also mention any large subjects within coldfusion, and link out to the related topics. Since |
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the Documentation for coldfusion is new, you may need to create initial versions of those related |
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topics. |
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Versions |
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Version |
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Release Date |
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Cold Fusion version 1.0 |
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1995-07-02 |
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Cold Fusion version 1.5 |
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1996-01-01 |
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Cold Fusion version 2.0 |
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1996-10-01 |
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Cold Fusion version 3.0 |
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1997-06-01 |
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Cold Fusion version 3.1 |
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1998-01-01 |
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ColdFusion version 4.0 |
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1998-11-01 |
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ColdFusion version 4.5.1 |
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1999-11-01 |
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ColdFusion version 5.0 |
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2001-06-01 |
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ColdFusion MX version 6.0 2002-05-01 |
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ColdFusion MX version 6.1 2003-07-01 |
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ColdFusion MX 7 |
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2005-02-07 |
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ColdFusion 8 |
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ColdFusion 9 |
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2007-07-30 |
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2009-10-05 |
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ColdFusion 10 |
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2012-05-15 |
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ColdFusion 11 |
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2014-04-29 |
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ColdFusion 2016 |
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2016-02-16 |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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2 |
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Examples |
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Installation or Setup |
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Linux (Ubuntu) Installation |
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Lucee (Open Source) |
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ColdFusion / CFML Interpretor |
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Download the appropriate file from their site (http://lucee.org/downloads.html) and execute their |
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installer |
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wget http://cdn.lucee.org/downloader.cfm/id/155/file/lucee-5.0.0.252-pl0-linux-x64- |
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installer.run |
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sudo chmod +x lucee-5.0.0.252-pl0-linux-x64-installer.run |
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sudo ./lucee-5.0.0.252-pl0-linux-x64-installer.run |
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Step through installer. |
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Nginx |
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Install Nginx on your server |
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sudo apt-get install nginx |
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Edit your /etc/nginx/sites-available/default |
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server { |
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listen 80; |
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server_name _; |
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root /opt/lucee/tomcat/webapps/ROOT; |
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index index.cfm index.html index.htm; |
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#Lucee Admin should always proxy to Lucee |
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location /lucee { |
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include lucee.conf; |
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} |
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#Pretty URLs |
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location / { |
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try_files $uri /index.cfm$uri?$is_args$args; |
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include lucee.conf; |
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} |
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location ~ \.cfm { |
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include lucee.conf; |
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} |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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3 |
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location ~ \.cfc { |
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include lucee.conf; |
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} |
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} |
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Edit /etc/nginx/lucee.conf |
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888; |
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proxy_set_header Host $http_host; |
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; |
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; |
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; |
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Reload nginx |
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sudo service nginx reload |
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Access the Lucee Server admin here: |
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127.0.0.1/lucee/admin/server.cfm |
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or |
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127.0.0.1:8888/lucee/admin/server.cfm |
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Your root web directory lives here: |
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/opt/lucee/tomcat/webapps/ROOT |
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Adobe (Closed Source) |
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ColdFusion / CFML Interpretor |
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Download the appropriate file from their site ( |
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https://www.adobe.com/products/coldfusion/download-trial/try.html) and execute their installer |
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wget <URL>/ColdFusion_2016_WWEJ_linux64.bin |
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sudo chmod +x ColdFusion_2016_WWEJ_linux64.bin |
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sudo ./ColdFusion_2016_WWEJ_linux64.bin |
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Step through installer. Make sure you select the internal web server (port 8500) |
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Nginx |
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Install Nginx on your server |
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sudo apt-get install nginx |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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4 |
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Edit your /etc/nginx/sites-available/default |
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server { |
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listen 80; |
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server_name _; |
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root /opt/coldfusion2016/cfusion/wwwroot; |
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index index.cfm index.html index.htm; |
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location / { |
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try_files $uri $uri/ =404; |
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} |
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location ^~ /CFIDE/administrator { |
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deny all; |
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} |
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location ~* \.(cfm|cfml|cfc|html)$ { |
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include /etc/nginx/conf/dc_tomcat_connector.conf; |
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} |
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location ^~ /rest { |
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include tomcatconf; |
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} |
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} |
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Edit /etc/nginx/tomcat.conf |
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8500; |
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proxy_set_header Host $host; |
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host; |
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host; |
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $http_x_forwarded_for; |
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; |
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Reload nginx |
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sudo service nginx reload |
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Access the Adobe ColdFusion Server admin here: |
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127.0.0.1:8500/CFIDE/administrator/index.cfm |
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Your root web directory lives here: |
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/opt/coldfusion2016/cfusion/wwwroot |
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Hello World |
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File: test.cfm |
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Tag Implementation |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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5 |
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<cfoutput>Hello World!</cfoutput> |
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CFScript Implementation |
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<cfscript> |
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writeOutput("Hello World!"); |
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</cfscript> |
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Read Getting started with coldfusion online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/913/getting- |
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started-with-coldfusion |
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https://riptutorial.com/ |
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6 |
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Chapter 2: CFLOOP How-To |
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Remarks |
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Big thanks to |
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• |
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• |
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Pete Freitag for his CFScript Cheat Sheet |
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Adam Cameron for CF 11: CFLOOP in CFScript is Very Broken (and it still is in CF 2016). |
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Examples |
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Looping through a collection using CFML tags. |
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<!--- Define collection ---> |
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<cfset attributes = { |
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"name": "Sales", |
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"type": "text", |
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"value": "Connection" |
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}> |
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<!--- |
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cfloop tag with attribute collection can be used to |
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loop through the elements of a structure |
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---> |
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<cfloop collection=#attributes# item="attribute"> |
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<cfoutput> |
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Key : #attribute#, Value : #attributes[attribute]# |
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</cfoutput> |
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</cfloop> |
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Looping through a collection using CFSCRIPT. |
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<cfscript> |
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/*define collection*/ |
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attributes = { |
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"name": "Sales", |
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"type": "text", |
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"value": "Connection" |
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}; |
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for(attribute in attributes){ |
|
/* attribute variable will contain the key name of each key value pair in loop */ |
|
WriteOutput('Key : ' & attribute & ', Value : ' & attributes[attribute] & '<br/>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Index |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
Attribute Required Type |
|
|
|
Default Description |
|
|
|
index |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
string |
|
|
|
Variable name for the loop's index. Defaults to |
|
the variables scope. |
|
|
|
from |
|
|
|
to |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
numeric |
|
|
|
numeric |
|
|
|
Starting value for the index. |
|
|
|
Ending value for the index. |
|
|
|
step |
|
|
|
false |
|
|
|
numeric 1 |
|
|
|
Value by which to increase or decrease the |
|
index per iteration. |
|
|
|
Basic index loop |
|
|
|
Final value of x is 10. |
|
|
|
<!--- Tags ---> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop index="x" from="1" to="10"> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
<!--- cfscript ---> |
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x <= 10; x++) { |
|
writeOutput('<li>' & x & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
<!--- HTML Output ---> |
|
- 1 |
|
- 2 |
|
- 3 |
|
- 4 |
|
- 5 |
|
- 6 |
|
- 7 |
|
- 8 |
|
- 9 |
|
- 10 |
|
|
|
Increase step to 2 |
|
|
|
Final value of x is 11. |
|
|
|
<!--- Tags ---> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop index="x" from="1" to="10" step="2"> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
<!--- cfscript ---> |
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x <= 10; x += 2) { |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
writeOutput('<li>' & x & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
<!--- HTML Output ---> |
|
- 1 |
|
- 3 |
|
- 5 |
|
- 7 |
|
- 9 |
|
|
|
Decrement step by 1 |
|
|
|
Final value of x is 0. |
|
|
|
<!--- Tags ---> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop index="x" from="10" to="1" step="-1"> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
<!--- cfscript ---> |
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 10; x > 0; x--) { |
|
writeOutput('<li>' & x & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
<!--- HTML Output ---> |
|
- 10 |
|
- 9 |
|
- 8 |
|
- 7 |
|
- 6 |
|
- 5 |
|
- 4 |
|
- 3 |
|
- 2 |
|
- 1 |
|
|
|
CFLoop in a Function |
|
|
|
Make sure to var or local scope the index inside a function. Foo() returns 11. |
|
|
|
<!--- var scope ---> |
|
<cffunction name="foo" access="public" output="false" returntype="numeric"> |
|
<cfset var x = 0 /> |
|
<cfloop index="x" from="1" to="10" step="1"> |
|
<cfset x++ /> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
<cfreturn x /> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
|
|
<!--- Local scope ---> |
|
<cffunction name="foo" access="public" output="false" returntype="numeric"> |
|
<cfloop index="local.x" from="1" to="10" step="1"> |
|
<cfset local.x++ /> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
</cfloop> |
|
<cfreturn local.x /> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 through current |
|
|
|
The cfscript function cfloop has no support for index as a stand alone counter |
|
mechanism. |
|
|
|
Condition |
|
|
|
Tag syntax |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Type Default Description |
|
|
|
Condition that manages the loop. Cannot contain |
|
math symbols like <, > or =. Must use ColdFusion |
|
text implementations like less than, lt, greater than |
|
, gt, equals or eq. |
|
|
|
condition |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
string |
|
|
|
Final value of x is 5. |
|
|
|
<cfset x = 0 /> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop condition="x LT 5"> |
|
<cfset x++ /> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
This will also have a line break between each line of HTML. |
|
|
|
<li>1</li> |
|
<li>2</li> |
|
<li>3</li> |
|
<li>4</li> |
|
<li>5</li> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
x = 0; |
|
while (x LT 5) { |
|
x = x + 1; |
|
writeOutput('<li>' & x & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 8 through current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
x = 0; |
|
while (x LT 5) { |
|
x = x++; |
|
writeOutput('<li>' & x & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 through current |
|
|
|
The cfscript function cfloop has no support for condition. |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
Notice that the cfscript output is all on one line. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li><li>four</li> |
|
|
|
Date or time range |
|
|
|
Example for date or time range. |
|
|
|
Query |
|
|
|
Consider the table dbo.state_zip, which contains the columns city, statecode and zipcode and has |
|
over 80,000 records. |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Type |
|
|
|
Default Description |
|
|
|
query |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
string |
|
|
|
The variable name of a query object. |
|
|
|
startrow |
|
|
|
false |
|
|
|
numeric |
|
|
|
The starting row index of the query object. |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Type |
|
|
|
Default Description |
|
|
|
endrow |
|
|
|
false |
|
|
|
numeric |
|
|
|
The ending row index of the query object. |
|
|
|
group |
|
|
|
false |
|
|
|
string |
|
|
|
The query column name on which to group |
|
records. |
|
|
|
Example query |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="geo" datasource="reotrans-dev"> |
|
SELECT city, stateCode, zipCode |
|
FROM dbo.state_zip |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
Tag syntax |
|
|
|
Using the query object geo as the source for cfloop. Since the table dbo.state_zip has so many |
|
records, the HTML generated will take quite some time. This example shows only the first 20 |
|
records' worth of HTML. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop query="geo"> |
|
<!--- Scope the column names with the query name. ---> |
|
<li>#geo.city# | #geo.stateCode# | #geo.zipCode#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
<ul> |
|
<li>100 PALMS | CA | 92274</li> |
|
<li>1000 PALMS | CA | 92276</li> |
|
<li>12 MILE | IN | 46988</li> |
|
<li>1ST NATIONAL BANK OF OMAHA | NE | 68197</li> |
|
<li>29 PALMS | CA | 92277</li> |
|
<li>29 PALMS | CA | 92278</li> |
|
<li>3 STATE FARM PLAZA | IL | 61710</li> |
|
<li>3 STATE FARM PLAZA | IL | 61791</li> |
|
<li>30TH STREET | PA | 19104</li> |
|
<li>3M CORP | MN | 55144</li> |
|
<li>65TH INFANTRY | PR | 00923</li> |
|
<li>65TH INFANTRY | PR | 00924</li> |
|
<li>65TH INFANTRY | PR | 00929</li> |
|
<li>65TH INFANTRY | PR | 00936</li> |
|
<li>7 CORNERS | VA | 22044</li> |
|
<li>88 | KY | 42130</li> |
|
<li>9 MILE POINT | LA | 70094</li> |
|
<li>A A R P INS | PA | 19187</li> |
|
<li>A A R P PHARMACY | CT | 06167</li> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
<li>A H MCCOY FEDERAL BLDG | MS | 39269</li> |
|
</ul> |
|
|
|
Limiting output to specific rows |
|
|
|
To limit the query's output to a specific range of rows, specify startrow and endrow. |
|
|
|
<cfloop query="geo" startrow="100" endrow="150"> |
|
<li>#geo.city# | #geo.stateCode# | #geo.zipCode#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
Grouping Output |
|
|
|
In the example data, the same state listed multiple times in relation to the multiple cities that are |
|
associated to each state. You can also see the same city listed multiple times in relation to the |
|
multiple zip codes associated to each city. |
|
|
|
Let's group the output by state first. Notice the 2nd instance of cfloop wrapped around the content |
|
that will be output under the stateCode grouped content. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop query="geo" group="stateCode"> |
|
<!--- Scope the column names with the query name. ---> |
|
<li>#geo.stateCode# |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop> |
|
<li>#geo.city# | #geo.zipCode#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML (extract) from one grouped cfloop tag. |
|
|
|
<ul> |
|
<li>AK |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>KONGIGANAK | 99545</li> |
|
<li>ADAK | 99546</li> |
|
<li>ATKA | 99547</li> |
|
<!-- etc. --> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
<li>AL |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>ALEX CITY | 35010</li> |
|
<li>ALEXANDER CITY | 35010</li> |
|
<li>ALEX CITY | 35011</li> |
|
<!-- etc. --> |
|
</ul> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
</li> |
|
<!-- etc. --> |
|
</ul> |
|
|
|
Finally, let's group the output by stateCode, then by city in order to see all the zipCode entries per |
|
city. Notice the 2nd cfloop is now grouped by city and a 3rd cfloop exists to output the zipCode |
|
data. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop query="geo" group="stateCode"> |
|
<li>#geo.stateCode# |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop group="city"> |
|
<li>#geo.city# |
|
<ul> |
|
<cfloop> |
|
<li>#geo.zipCode#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</ul> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML (extract) from two grouped cfloop tags. |
|
|
|
<ul> |
|
<li>AK |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>ADAK |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>99546</li> |
|
<li>99571</li> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
<li>AKHIOK |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>99615</li> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
<!--- etc. ---> |
|
<li>BARROW |
|
<ul> |
|
<li>99723</li> |
|
<li>99759</li> |
|
<li>99789</li> |
|
<li>99791</li> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
<!--- etc. ---> |
|
</ul> |
|
</li> |
|
<!--- stateCodes etc. ---> |
|
</ul> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 6 (MX) though current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x LTE geo.recordcount; x = x + 1) { |
|
writeOutput( '<li>' & geo.city[x] & ' | ' & |
|
geo.stateCode[x] & ' | ' & geo.zipCode[x] & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 8 though current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x <= geo.recordcount; x++) { |
|
writeOutput( '<li>' & geo.city[x] & ' | ' & |
|
geo.stateCode[x] & ' | ' & geo.zipCode[x] & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 10 though current |
|
|
|
With the FOR IN syntax, x is a query row object, not the row index. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in geo) { |
|
writeOutput( '<li>' & x.city & ' | ' & |
|
x.stateCode & ' | ' & x.zipCode & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 though current |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 allows most tags to be written as cfscript. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
cfloop(query: geo, startrow: 1, endrow: 2) { |
|
writeOutput( '<li>' & geo.city & ' | ' & |
|
geo.stateCode & ' | ' & geo.zipCode & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
With group. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
cfloop(query: geo, group: 'city') { |
|
writeOutput( '<li>' & geo.city & '<ul>'); |
|
cfloop() { // no arguments, just as in the tag syntax. |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
writeOutput('<li>' & geo.zipCode & '</li>'); |
|
} |
|
writeOutput('</ul></li>'); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
List |
|
|
|
Consider this list: |
|
|
|
<cfset foo = "one,two,three,four" /> |
|
|
|
Tag syntax |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Default Description |
|
|
|
list |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
A list object. The variable must be evaluated (wrapped with |
|
##) |
|
|
|
index |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
The current element of the list. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop list="#foo#" index="x"> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
This will also have a line break between each line of HTML. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li> |
|
<li>two</li> |
|
<li>three</li> |
|
<li>four</li> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x LTE listLen(foo); x = x + 1) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & listGetAt(foo, x) & "</li>"); |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 8 through current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x = 1; x <= listLen(foo); x++) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & listGetAt(foo, x) & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 9 through current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in foo) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & x & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 through current |
|
|
|
The cfscript function cfloop has no support for list. |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
Notice that the cfscript output is all on one line. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li><li>four</li> |
|
|
|
Array |
|
|
|
The ability to directly use an array object with cfloop was added in ColdFusion 8. |
|
|
|
Consider this array; |
|
|
|
<cfset aFoo = [ |
|
"one" |
|
, "two" |
|
, "three" |
|
, "four" |
|
] /> |
|
|
|
Tag syntax |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 8 through current |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
Using the attribute index by itself. |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Default Description |
|
|
|
array |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
An array object. The variable must be evaluated (wrapped |
|
with ##) |
|
|
|
index |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
The current element of the array. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop array="#aFoo#" index="x"> |
|
<li>#x#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
This will also have a line break between each line of HTML. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li> |
|
<li>two</li> |
|
<li>three</li> |
|
<li>four</li> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 2016 through current |
|
|
|
The attribute item changes the behavior of cfloop as of Coldfusion 2016. |
|
|
|
Using the attribute item instead of or in addition to index. |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Default Description |
|
|
|
array |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
An array object. The variable must be evaluated (wrapped |
|
with ##) |
|
|
|
item |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
The current element of the array. |
|
|
|
index |
|
|
|
false |
|
|
|
The current index of the array. |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop array="#aFoo#" item="x" index="y"> |
|
<li>#x# | #y#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
This will also have a line break between each line of HTML. |
|
|
|
<li>one | 1</li> |
|
<li>two | 2</li> |
|
<li>three | 3</li> |
|
<li>four | 4</li> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
Previous to ColdFusion 8 |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (i = 1; x LTE arrayLen(aFoo); i = i + 1) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & aFoo[i] & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 8 through current |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (i = 1; i <= arrayLen(aFoo); i = i++) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & aFoo[i] & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 9 through current |
|
|
|
With the FOR IN syntax, x is the current array element, not the array index. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in aFoo) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & x & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 through current |
|
|
|
The cfscript function cfloop has no support for array. |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
Notice that the cfscript output is all on one line. |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
<li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li><li>four</li> |
|
|
|
File |
|
|
|
<cfloop list="#myFile#" index="FileItem" delimiters="#chr(10)##chr(13)#"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
#FileItem#<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
Structure |
|
|
|
Consider this structure: |
|
|
|
<cfset stFoo = { |
|
a = "one" |
|
, b = "two" |
|
, c = "three" |
|
, d = "foue" |
|
} /> |
|
|
|
Tag syntax |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Notice the use of the attribute item instead of index. |
|
|
|
Attribute Required Type |
|
|
|
Default Description |
|
|
|
collection true |
|
|
|
structure |
|
|
|
A struct object. The variable must be evaluated |
|
(wrapped with ##). |
|
|
|
item |
|
|
|
true |
|
|
|
string |
|
|
|
The current structure key, |
|
|
|
Using Structure Functions |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop collection="#stFoo#" item="x"> |
|
<li>#structFind(stFoo, x)#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Implicit Structure Syntax |
|
|
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<cfloop collection="#stFoo#" item="x"> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
<li>#stFoo[x]#</li> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
This will also have a line break between each line of HTML. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li> |
|
<li>two</li> |
|
<li>three</li> |
|
<li>four</li> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
With the FOR IN syntax, x is a key of the structure object. |
|
|
|
Output the structure's keys |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in stFoo) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & x & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
<li>A</li><li>B</li><li>C</li><li>D</li> |
|
|
|
Output the value of the structure's keys |
|
|
|
Using Structure Functions |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in stFoo) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & structFind(stFoo, x) & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Implicit Structure Syntax |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
for (x in stFoo) { |
|
writeOutput("<li>" & stFoo[x] & "</li>"); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
ColdFusion 11 through current |
|
|
|
The cfscript function cfloop has no support for collection. |
|
|
|
Generated HTML |
|
|
|
Notice that the cfscript output is all on one line. |
|
|
|
<li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li><li>four</li> |
|
|
|
Index Loop |
|
|
|
Use the from and to attributes to specify how many iterations should occur. The (optional) step |
|
attribute allows you to determine how big the increments will be. |
|
|
|
<cfloop from="1" to="10" index="i" step="2"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
#i#<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
Conditional Loop |
|
|
|
You use the condition attribute to specify the condition to use. |
|
|
|
<cfset myVar=false> |
|
<cfloop condition="myVar eq false"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
myVar = <b>#myVar#</b> (still in loop)<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
<cfif RandRange(1,10) eq 10> |
|
<cfset myVar="true"> |
|
</cfif> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
myVar = <b>#myVar#</b> (loop has finished) |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Query Loop |
|
|
|
You can loop over the results of a ColdFusion query. |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="getMovies" datasource="Entertainment"> |
|
select top 4 movieName |
|
from Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
|
<cfloop query="getMovies"> |
|
#movieName# |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
List Loop |
|
|
|
You can use the (optional) delimiters attribute to specify which characters are used as separators |
|
in the list. |
|
|
|
<cfloop list="ColdFusion,HTML;XML" index="ListItem" delimiters=",;"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
#ListItem#<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
File Loop |
|
|
|
You can loop over a file. |
|
|
|
<cfloop file="#myFile#" index="line"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
#line#<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
COM Collection/Structure Loops |
|
|
|
You can loop over a Structure or COM collection. |
|
|
|
<cfset myBooks = StructNew()> |
|
<cfset myVariable = StructInsert(myBooks,"ColdFusion","ColdFusion MX Bible")> |
|
<cfset myVariable = StructInsert(myBooks,"HTML","HTML Visual QuickStart")> |
|
<cfset myVariable = StructInsert(myBooks,"XML","Inside XML")> |
|
<cfloop collection="#myBooks#" item="subject"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
<b>#subject#:</b> #StructFind(myBooks,subject)#<br /> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
</cfloop> |
|
|
|
Read CFLOOP How-To online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/3035/cfloop-how-to |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
Chapter 3: cfquery |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Parameter Details |
|
|
|
name |
|
|
|
Value: string, Default: yes |
|
|
|
dbtype |
|
|
|
Value: query/hql, Default: no, Remarks: when left blank, it's a normal query |
|
|
|
datasource Default: no, Remarks: database |
|
|
|
params |
|
|
|
Value: structure, Default: no, Remarks: cfscript syntax only! In cfml they are |
|
written inside SLQ stament using <cfqueryparam /> |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Using cfquery within a Function |
|
|
|
<cffunction name="getUserById" access="public" returntype="query"> |
|
<cfargument name="userId" type="numeric" required="yes" hint="The ID of the user"> |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="local.qryGetUser" datasource="DATABASE_NAME"> |
|
SELECT id, |
|
name |
|
FROM user |
|
WHERE id = <cfqueryparam value="#arguments.userId#" cfsqltype="cf_sql_integer"> |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
<cfreturn local.qryGetUser> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
|
|
Query of Query |
|
|
|
Function Calls |
|
|
|
<!--- Load the user object based on the component path. ---> |
|
<cfset local.user = new com.User() /> |
|
<cfset local.allUsers = user.getAllUsers()> |
|
<cfset local.specificUser = user.getUserIdFromQry(qry = local.allUsers, userId = 1)> |
|
|
|
User.cfc |
|
|
|
<cfcomponent> |
|
<cffunction name="getAllUsers" access="public" returntype="query"> |
|
<cfquery name="local.qryGetAllUsers" datasource="DATABASE_NAME"> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SELECT id, |
|
name |
|
FROM user |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
<cfreturn local.qryGetAllUsers> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
|
|
<cffunction name="getUserIdFromQry" access="public" returntype="query"> |
|
<cfargument name="qry" type="query" required="Yes" hint="Query to fetch from"> |
|
<cfargument name="userId" type="numeric" required="Yes" hint="The ID of the user"> |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="local.qryGetUserIdFromQry" dbtype="query"> |
|
SELECT id, |
|
name |
|
FROM arguments.qry |
|
WHERE id = <cfqueryparam value="#arguments.userId#" cfsqltype="cf_sql_integer"> |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
<cfreturn local.qryGetUserIdFromQry> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
</component> |
|
|
|
Read cfquery online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/6452/cfquery |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chapter 4: ColdFusion Arrays |
|
|
|
Syntax |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
ArrayNew(dimension, isSynchronized) |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Name |
|
|
|
Description |
|
|
|
Dimension |
|
|
|
Number of dimensions in new array: 1, 2, or 3 |
|
|
|
isSynchronized |
|
|
|
When false, creates an unsynchronized array, When true, the function |
|
returns a synchronized array. |
|
|
|
Remarks |
|
|
|
In a synchronized array, more than two threads cannot access the array simultaneously. Other |
|
threads has to wait until the active thread completes its job, resulting in significant performance. |
|
|
|
In 2016 ColdFusion release, you can use an unsynchronized array and let multiple threads access |
|
the same array object simultaneously. |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Creating Arrays |
|
|
|
Creating arrays explicitly using ArrayNew() |
|
|
|
Declare an array with the ArrayNew function. Specify the number of dimensions as an argument. |
|
|
|
• |
|
• |
|
• |
|
|
|
ArrayNew(dimension) creates an array of 1–3 dimensions. |
|
ColdFusion arrays expand dynamically as data is added. |
|
ArrayNew() returns an array. |
|
|
|
History |
|
|
|
Introduced in ColdFusion MX 6 |
|
|
|
Declaration |
|
|
|
CFML |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
<!--- One Dimension Array---> |
|
<cfset oneDimensionArray = ArrayNew(1)> |
|
|
|
CFScript Note that inside a function you should use var scoping. Earlier versions of CF required |
|
var scoping to be the first thing in a function; later versions allow it anywhere in a function. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
oneDimensionArray = ArrayNew(1); |
|
|
|
public void function myFunc() { |
|
var oneDimensionArray = ArrayNew(1); |
|
} |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
After creating the array, add elements by using the element indexes. The Coldfusion Array index |
|
starts from 1: |
|
|
|
CFML |
|
|
|
<cfset oneDimensionArray[1] = 1> |
|
<cfset oneDimensionArray[2] = 'one'> |
|
<cfset oneDimensionArray[3] = '1'> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
oneDimensionArray[1] = 1; |
|
oneDimensionArray[2] = 'one'; |
|
oneDimensionArray[3] = '1'; |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Using ArrayAppend() |
|
|
|
You can add elements to an array using the function ArrayAppend(array, value). |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
ArrayAppend(oneDimensionArray, 1); |
|
ArrayAppend(oneDimensionArray, 'one'); |
|
ArrayAppend(oneDimensionArray, '1'); |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Output the array contents using <cfdump>: |
|
|
|
<cfdump var="#oneDimensionArray#"> |
|
|
|
Results: |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
|
CFML |
|
|
|
<!--- Two Dimension Array---> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray = ArrayNew(2)> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[1][1] = 1> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[1][2] = 2> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[2][1] = 3> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[2][2] = 4> |
|
|
|
CFScript |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
twoDimensionArray = ArrayNew(2); |
|
|
|
twoDimensionArray[1][1] = 1; |
|
twoDimensionArray[1][2] = 2; |
|
twoDimensionArray[2][1] = 3; |
|
twoDimensionArray[2][2] = 4; |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Outputting the contents of array using <cfdump> |
|
|
|
<cfdump var="#twoDimensionArray#"> |
|
|
|
Result: |
|
|
|
Each element contains another Array, which will store the values. |
|
|
|
Creating 1-D Array Implicitly |
|
|
|
When creating an array implicitly, brackets ([]) surround the array contents with comma |
|
separators. |
|
|
|
<cfset oneDimensionArrayImplicit = [ 1 ,'one','1' ]> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
|
|
This statement is equivalent to the four statements used to create the above oneDimensionArray. |
|
The result are the same when using: |
|
|
|
<cfdump var="#oneDimensionArrayImplicit#"> |
|
|
|
Create 2-D Array Implicitly |
|
|
|
<cfset twoDimensionArrayImplicit = [[ 1 , 2 ],[ 3 , 4 ],[ 5 , 6 ]]> |
|
|
|
Or: |
|
|
|
<cfset firstElement = ["1", "2"]> |
|
<cfset secondElement= ["3", "4"]> |
|
<cfset thirdElement = ["5", "6"]> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArrayImplicit = [firstElement , secondElement, thirdElement]> |
|
|
|
Outputting the content using |
|
|
|
<cfdump var="#twoDimensionArrayImplicit#"> |
|
|
|
Alternative Explicit Declaration |
|
|
|
Also you can declare 1 Dimension Array as |
|
|
|
<cfset oneDimensionArray = []> |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
oneDimensionArray = []; |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
This declaration is same as that of using ArrayNew(1). |
|
|
|
But if you try declaring 2 Dimension Array as |
|
|
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray =[][]> //Invalid CFML construct |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
|
an error will occur while processing this request. |
|
|
|
Following statement will process the request: |
|
|
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray =[]> |
|
|
|
but variable twoDimensionArray will not actually an Array within Array (or 2-Dimension Array). It |
|
actually contains structure within Array. |
|
|
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray =[]> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[1][1] = 1> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[1][2] = 2> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[2][1] = 3> |
|
<cfset twoDimensionArray[2][2] = 4> |
|
|
|
<cfdump var="#twoDimensionArray#"> |
|
|
|
Result: |
|
|
|
Array in CFScript |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
oneDimensionArray = ArrayNew(1); |
|
oneDimensionArray[1] = 1; |
|
oneDimensionArray[2] = 'one'; |
|
oneDimensionArray[3] = '1'; |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
<cfif IsDefined("oneDimensionArray")> |
|
<cfdump var="#oneDimensionArray#"> |
|
</cfif> |
|
|
|
Result: |
|
|
|
Also, we can declare an one Dimension Array as: |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
oneDimensionArray = []; |
|
|
|
Alternatively, CF introduced WriteDump() from CF9 as a function equivalent to the <cfdump> tag |
|
which can be used in <cfscript>. |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
WriteDump(oneDimensionArray); |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
Similarly, for 2 Dimension Array: |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
twoDimensionArray = ArrayNew(2); |
|
twoDimensionArray[1][1] = 1; |
|
twoDimensionArray[1][2] = 2; |
|
twoDimensionArray[2][1] = 3; |
|
twoDimensionArray[2][2] = 4; |
|
</cfscript> |
|
<cfdump var="#twoDimensionArray#"> |
|
|
|
Result: |
|
|
|
General information |
|
|
|
First some general information about how arrays behave in Coldfusion as compared to other |
|
programming languages. |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
• |
|
• |
|
|
|
Arrays can have numeric indexes only (if you want to have a string index use structs |
|
instead) |
|
Arrays begin at index [1] |
|
Arrays can have one ore more dimensions |
|
|
|
Read ColdFusion Arrays online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/6896/coldfusion-arrays |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
Chapter 5: Creating REST APIs in coldfusion |
|
|
|
Introduction |
|
|
|
REST APIs are interesting when data should be accessed from everywhere including different |
|
languages (server and client side). That requires separation from data and processing. |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Creating backend |
|
|
|
<cfcomponent displayname="myAPI" output="false"> |
|
<cffunction name="init" access="public" output="no"> |
|
<!--- do some basic stuff ---> |
|
<cfreturn this> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
|
|
<cffunction name="welcome"> |
|
<cfreturn "Hello World!"> |
|
</cffunction> |
|
</cfcomponent> |
|
|
|
The interface |
|
|
|
<cfscript> |
|
api_request = GetHttpRequestData(); |
|
api = createObject("component","myAPI").init(); |
|
</cfscript> |
|
|
|
<cfif api_request.method is 'GET'> |
|
<cfoutput>#api.welcome()#</cfoutput> |
|
<cfelseif api_request.method is 'POST'> |
|
<cfheader statuscode="500" statustext="Internal Server Error" /> |
|
</cfif> |
|
|
|
Read Creating REST APIs in coldfusion online: |
|
https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/10698/creating-rest-apis-in-coldfusion |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chapter 6: Database Queries |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Working with databases |
|
|
|
One of ColdFusion's strengths is how easy it is to work with databases. And of course, query |
|
inputs can and should be parameterized. |
|
|
|
Tag Implementation |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="myQuery" datasource="myDatasource" result="myResult"> |
|
select firstName, lastName |
|
from users |
|
where lastName = <cfqueryparam value="Allaire" cfsqltype="cf_sql_varchar"> |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
CFScript Implementation |
|
|
|
// ColdFusion 9+ |
|
var queryService = new query(name="myQuery", datasource="myDatasource"); |
|
queryService.addParam(name="lName", value="Allaire", cfsqltype="cf_sql_varchar"); |
|
var result = queryService.execute(sql="select firstName, lastName from users where lastName = |
|
:lName"); |
|
var myQuery = result.getResult(); |
|
var myResult = result.getPrefix(); |
|
|
|
// ColdFusion 11+ |
|
var queryParams = {lName = {value="Allaire", cfsqltype="cf_sql_varchar"}}; |
|
var queryOptions = {datasource="myDatasource", result="myResult"}; |
|
var myQuery = queryExecute("select firstName, lastName from users", queryParams, |
|
queryOptions); |
|
|
|
Inserting values is just as easy: |
|
|
|
queryExecute(" |
|
insert into user( firstname, lastname ) |
|
values( :firstname, :lastname ) |
|
",{ |
|
firstname: { cfsqltype: "cf_sql_varchar", value: "Dwayne" } |
|
,lastname: { cfsqltype: "cf_sql_varchar", value: "Camacho" } |
|
},{ |
|
result: "local.insertResult" |
|
}); |
|
|
|
return local.insertResult.generated_key; |
|
|
|
Basic Example |
|
|
|
Database connections are set up using the CF Administrator tool. See Database Connections for |
|
how to connect a datasource. |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To execute queries all you need is the <cfquery> tag. The <cfquery> tag connects to and opens the |
|
database for you, all you need to do is supply it with the name of the datasource. |
|
|
|
<cfquery name="Movies" datasource="Entertainment"> |
|
SELECT title |
|
FROM Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
To display the query results: |
|
|
|
<cfoutput query="Movies"> |
|
#title#<BR> |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Authentication |
|
|
|
Many database configurations require authentication (in the form of a username and password) |
|
before you can query the database. You can supply these using the username and password |
|
attributes. |
|
|
|
Note: the username and password can also be configured against the datasource in the |
|
ColdFusion Administrator. Supplying these details in your query overrides the username and |
|
password in the ColdFusion Administrator. |
|
|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" username="webuser" password="letmein"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
Cached Queries |
|
|
|
A cached query is a query that has its results stored in the server's memory. The results are |
|
stored when the query is first run. From then on, whenever that query is requested again, |
|
ColdFusion will retrieve the results from memory. |
|
|
|
You can cache a query using the cachedAfter attribute. If the query was last run after the supplied |
|
date, cached data is used. Otherwise the query is re-run. |
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|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" cachedAfter="July 20, 2016"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
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|
|
In order for the cache to be used, and multiple calls to the database be avoided the current query |
|
must use the same SQL statement, data source, query name, user name, and password as the |
|
cached query used. This includes whitespace in the query. |
|
|
|
As such the following queries create different caches, even though the trimmed characters are the |
|
same and the query results are identical: |
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|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
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|
34 |
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|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" cachedAfter="July 20, 2016"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
<cfif false> |
|
where 1 = 1 |
|
</cfif> |
|
<cfif true> |
|
where 1 = 1 |
|
</cfif> |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" cachedAfter="July 20, 2016"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
<cfif true> |
|
where 1 = 1 |
|
</cfif> |
|
<cfif false> |
|
where 1 = 1 |
|
</cfif> |
|
</cfquery> |
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|
|
Limiting the Number of Records Returned |
|
|
|
You can limit the number of rows to be returned by using the maxrows attribute. |
|
|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" maxrows="50"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
Timeouts |
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|
|
You can set a timeout limit using the timeout attribute. This can be useful in preventing requests |
|
running far longer than they should and impacting on the whole application as a result. |
|
|
|
The timeout attribute sets the maximum number of seconds that each action of a query is allowed |
|
to execute before returning an error. |
|
|
|
<cfquery datasource="Entertainment" timeout="30"> |
|
select * |
|
from Movies |
|
</cfquery> |
|
|
|
Read Database Queries online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/4582/database-queries |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
35 |
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|
|
|
|
Chapter 7: How to invoke a private method |
|
dynamically |
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|
|
Remarks |
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|
|
Use of <cfinvoke> or invoke() should be faster than evaluate() |
|
|
|
Examples |
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|
|
CFML |
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|
|
<cfinvoke method="#somePrivateMethodName#"> |
|
<cfinvokeargument name="argument1" value="one"> |
|
</cfinvoke> |
|
|
|
CFSCRIPT (CF10+) |
|
|
|
invoke("", somePrivateMethodName, {argument1='one'}); |
|
|
|
Read How to invoke a private method dynamically online: |
|
https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/6110/how-to-invoke-a-private-method-dynamically |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
Chapter 8: Scopes in Coldfusion |
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|
|
Introduction |
|
|
|
A scope is "the range in which a variable can be referenced". ColdFusion knows — as well as |
|
most other programming and script languages — several scopes. The following text deals with |
|
these types and trys to bring clarity about them, their differences and their characteristics. |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Request Scopes |
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|
|
request |
|
|
|
variables |
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|
|
form |
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|
|
url |
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|
|
cgi |
|
|
|
Global Scopes |
|
|
|
Server |
|
|
|
Application |
|
|
|
Session |
|
|
|
Components and functions |
|
|
|
variables |
|
|
|
this |
|
|
|
local |
|
|
|
arguments |
|
|
|
Custom tags |
|
|
|
attributes |
|
|
|
thisTag |
|
|
|
caller |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
Common scopes |
|
|
|
Mostly you're probably working with these scopes: |
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|
• |
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|
|
• |
|
|
|
• |
|
• |
|
• |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
Variables scopeis the scope where all variables are assigned to when nothing else is |
|
intentionally declared (like the window scope in JavaScript). |
|
Form scopeWhen you send a form to your server, all the form fields which can be identified |
|
(by setting the name/id property) are accessible in this scope for further server-side |
|
processing. |
|
URL scopeAll url query params are stored in that scope |
|
this scopeInside a component the this refers to the component itself |
|
local scopeVariables declared inside a function using the local statement are encapsulated |
|
and only accessible inside that specific function (this is made to avoid pollution of other |
|
sopes) |
|
Arguments scopeArguments passed to a function inside a component declared by the |
|
cfargument tag are accessible with that scope |
|
|
|
Overview |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
Components and functions |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
variables |
|
this |
|
local |
|
arguments |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
Custom tags |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
attributes |
|
thisTag |
|
caller |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
Global Scopes |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
Server |
|
Application |
|
Session |
|
|
|
• |
|
|
|
Request Scopes |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
○ |
|
|
|
request |
|
variables |
|
form |
|
url |
|
cgi |
|
|
|
Read Scopes in Coldfusion online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/7864/scopes-in- |
|
coldfusion |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
Chapter 9: Variables |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Attribute Description |
|
|
|
name |
|
|
|
(Required) Name of the parameter/variable. |
|
|
|
default |
|
|
|
(Optional) Value to set parameter to if it does not exist. |
|
|
|
max |
|
|
|
min |
|
|
|
(Optional) The maximum valid value; used only for range validation. |
|
|
|
(Optional) The minimum valid value; used only for range validation. |
|
|
|
pattern |
|
|
|
(Optional) A JavaScript regular expression that the parameter must match; used |
|
only for regex or regular_expression validation. |
|
|
|
type |
|
|
|
(Optional) The valid format for the data. |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
Using cfset |
|
|
|
You can set a ColdFusion variable using the <cfset> tag. To output the variable, you need to |
|
surround the variable name with hash # symbols and enclose it within <cfoutput> tags. |
|
|
|
<cfset variablename="World!"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
Hello #variablename# |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Using cfparam |
|
|
|
The <cfparam> tag creates a variable if it does not already exist. You can assign a default value |
|
using the default attribute. This can be used if you want to create a variable, but don't want to |
|
overwrite it if it has been previously created elsewhere. |
|
|
|
Here the variable hasn't been set previously, so it will be assigned with the <cfparam> tag. |
|
|
|
<cfparam name="firstName" default="Justin"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
Hello #firstName# |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Here the variable has already been assigned using the <cfset> tag, so this value will override the |
|
default value in the <cfparam> tag. |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
<cfset firstname="Justin"> |
|
|
|
<cfparam name="firstName" default="Barney"> |
|
<cfoutput> |
|
Hello #firstName# |
|
</cfoutput> |
|
|
|
Checking if a Variable Exists |
|
|
|
You can check if a variable has been defined in a scope by using ColdFusion's built in |
|
StructKeyExists() function. This can be used inside a <cfif> tag to prevent error messages in the |
|
event you attempt to refer to a variable that does not exist. You can also use this function to |
|
determine whether a user has performed a certain action or not. The syntax for the function is |
|
|
|
StructKeyExists(structure, "key") |
|
|
|
The following example checks if the variable firstName exists in the variables scope. |
|
|
|
<cfif StructKeyExists(variables, "firstName")> |
|
Hello #variables.firstname#! |
|
<cfelse> |
|
Hello stranger! |
|
</cfif> |
|
|
|
Alternatively, you may use the function: |
|
|
|
isDefined("scopeName.varName") |
|
|
|
To avoid ambiguity, it is recommended to declare the scope. For example, If you have a variable |
|
in the scope test |
|
|
|
<cfset test.name = "Tracy" /> |
|
|
|
and you test for name in the global scope, you will get a result of true. |
|
|
|
isDefined("name") <!--- true ---> |
|
isDefined("x.name") <!--- false---> |
|
isDefined("test.name") <!--- true ---> |
|
|
|
Setting a variable scope |
|
|
|
It is a common practice to set application variables to an object scope. This keeps them easy to |
|
identify and distinguish from variables in other scopes. |
|
|
|
The Variables scope in a CFC is private to the CFC. When you set variables in this scope, they |
|
cannot be seen by pages that invoke the CFC. |
|
|
|
<cfparam name="variables.firstName" default="Timmy"> |
|
<cfset variables.firstName="Justin"> |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
|
|
Scopes shared with the calling page include: Form, URL, Request, CGI, Cookie, Client, Session, |
|
Application, Server, and Flash. Variables in these scopes are also available to all pages that are |
|
included by a CFC. |
|
|
|
CFC: |
|
|
|
<cfset url.sessionId="23b5ly17"> |
|
|
|
<cfinclude template="check_session.cfm"> |
|
|
|
check_session.cfm |
|
|
|
<cfif url.sessionId eq "23b5ly17"> |
|
<p>Welcome back!</p> |
|
</cfif> |
|
|
|
Read Variables online: https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/4904/variables |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
Chapter 10: Working with RegExp Replace |
|
callbacks |
|
|
|
Introduction |
|
|
|
If you want more than a simple string replacement with common regular expressions you certainly |
|
run into trouble and hit the wall when discovering the limits of the regex functions Coldfusion has. |
|
There is no build-in function like php's preg_replace_callback. |
|
|
|
Parameters |
|
|
|
Parameter Details |
|
|
|
re |
|
|
|
str |
|
|
|
The regular expression |
|
|
|
The string which should be applyed the the regex |
|
|
|
callback |
|
|
|
The function where the captured grouped will be passed in if a match was |
|
found. There the matches can be processed |
|
|
|
Remarks |
|
|
|
Because Coldfusion itself does not offer what we want, we make recourse to the variety of Java, |
|
which is — as we all know — on top of Coldfusion. Java offers us java.util.regex.Pattern. |
|
|
|
So here is what we actually do: |
|
|
|
1. |
|
|
|
2. |
|
|
|
3. |
|
|
|
Invoke the Compile method from the Pattern Class object and passing the regex pattern to it |
|
(which probably deposits the regex pattern for later use). |
|
Invoke the Matcher method on what the Compile method returned and passing the string |
|
where the pattern should be executed. |
|
Test if matching was successfull by invoking the find method on what the Matcher method |
|
returned. |
|
|
|
If matcher.find() returns true, we could say "That's it", but there is one little thing we have to |
|
consider: Java's Pattern object stores the groups and gives us access via another function, which |
|
is not always the best way for further processing and not that consistent regarding how other |
|
programming languages handle this case. Therefore we loop over matcher.group() so that we can |
|
pass an array containing the captured groups to the callback function. And now we can say: |
|
"That's it!" |
|
|
|
Examples |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
User defined REReplaceCallback function |
|
|
|
function REReplaceCallback(re,str,callback) { |
|
/* |
|
Thanks to Ben Nadel |
|
"Learning ColdFusion 8: REMatch() For Regular Expression Matching" |
|
from 2007-06-13 |
|
https://www.bennadel.com/blog/769-learning-coldfusion-8-rematch-for-regular- |
|
expression-matching.htm |
|
*/ |
|
pattern = CreateObject("java","java.util.regex.Pattern").Compile(Arguments.re); |
|
matcher = pattern.Matcher(Arguments.str); |
|
if(matcher.find()) { |
|
groups = []; |
|
for(var i = 1; i lte matcher.groupCount(); i++) { |
|
ArrayAppend(groups,matcher.group(Val(i))); |
|
} |
|
return Arguments.callback(groups); |
|
} |
|
else { |
|
return Arguments.callback(false); |
|
} |
|
} |
|
|
|
Using REReplaceCallback function |
|
|
|
REReplaceCallback('YOUR REGEX GOES HERE','AND YOUR STRING HERE',function(groups) { |
|
//now you can access the 'groups' array containing all the captured groups |
|
return result; //return whatever you've processed inside |
|
}); |
|
|
|
Read Working with RegExp Replace callbacks online: |
|
https://riptutorial.com/coldfusion/topic/10655/working-with-regexp-replace-callbacks |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
Credits |
|
|
|
S. |
|
No |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
Chapters |
|
|
|
Contributors |
|
|
|
Getting started with |
|
coldfusion |
|
|
|
Adam Tuttle, Adrian J. Moreno, Community, Justin Duhaime, |
|
mhatch, RamenChef, shaedrich, Steven Benjamin, |
|
user3071284, William Giles |
|
|
|
CFLOOP How-To |
|
|
|
Adrian J. Moreno, Bonanza, mhatch, RRK |
|
|
|
cfquery |
|
|
|
Bubblesphere, shaedrich |
|
|
|
ColdFusion Arrays |
|
|
|
4444, Justin Duhaime, mhatch, Mishra Shreyanshu, shaedrich |
|
|
|
Creating REST APIs |
|
in coldfusion |
|
|
|
shaedrich |
|
|
|
Database Queries |
|
|
|
Adam Tuttle, Leigh, mhatch, nosilleg, shaedrich, user3071284 |
|
|
|
How to invoke a |
|
private method |
|
dynamically |
|
|
|
Henry |
|
|
|
Scopes in Coldfusion |
|
|
|
James A Mohler, shaedrich |
|
|
|
Variables |
|
|
|
mhatch |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
Working with |
|
RegExp Replace |
|
callbacks |
|
|
|
shaedrich |
|
|
|
https://riptutorial.com/ |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
|