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153,079 | Bagneux,_Aisne | Bagneux, Aisne | 5,131,053 | **Bagneux** is a [commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France"). It is in the [Picardie](/wiki/Picardie "Picardie") [region](/wiki/Regions_of_France "Regions of France") in the [Aisne](/wiki/Aisne "Aisne") [department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") in the north of [France](/wiki/France "France"). In 2012, 72 people lived there.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Aisne_communes "Template:Aisne communes")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Aisne_communes "Template talk:Aisne communes")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Aisne_communes&action=edit)
[Communes](/wiki/Communes_of_the_Aisne_department "Communes of the Aisne department") of the [Aisne](/wiki/Aisne "Aisne") department |
| --- |
| [Prefecture](/wiki/Prefectures_in_France "Prefectures in France") |
* [Laon](/wiki/Laon "Laon")
|
| [Subprefectures](/wiki/Subprefectures_in_France "Subprefectures in France") |
* [Château-Thierry](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau-Thierry "Château-Thierry")
* [Saint-Quentin](/wiki/Saint-Quentin,_Aisne "Saint-Quentin, Aisne")
* [Soissons](/wiki/Soissons "Soissons")
* [Vervins](/wiki/Vervins "Vervins")
|
| Other |
* [Abbécourt](/wiki/Abb%C3%A9court "Abbécourt")
* [Achery](/wiki/Achery,_Aisne "Achery, Aisne")
* [Acy](/wiki/Acy "Acy")
* [Agnicourt-et-Séchelles](/wiki/Agnicourt-et-S%C3%A9chelles "Agnicourt-et-Séchelles")
* [Aguilcourt](/wiki/Aguilcourt "Aguilcourt")
* [Aisonville-et-Bernoville](/wiki/Aisonville-et-Bernoville "Aisonville-et-Bernoville")
* [Aizelles](/wiki/Aizelles "Aizelles")
* [Aizy-Jouy](/wiki/Aizy-Jouy "Aizy-Jouy")
* [Alaincourt](/wiki/Alaincourt,_Aisne "Alaincourt, Aisne")
* [Allemant](/wiki/Allemant,_Aisne "Allemant, Aisne")
* [Ambleny](/wiki/Ambleny "Ambleny")
* [Ambrief](/wiki/Ambrief "Ambrief")
* [Amifontaine](/wiki/Amifontaine "Amifontaine")
* [Amigny-Rouy](/wiki/Amigny-Rouy "Amigny-Rouy")
* [Ancienville](/wiki/Ancienville "Ancienville")
* [Andelain](/wiki/Andelain "Andelain")
* [Anguilcourt-le-Sart](/wiki/Anguilcourt-le-Sart "Anguilcourt-le-Sart")
* [Anizy-le-Grand](/wiki/Anizy-le-Grand "Anizy-le-Grand")
* [Annois](/wiki/Annois "Annois")
* [Any-Martin-Rieux](/wiki/Any-Martin-Rieux "Any-Martin-Rieux")
* [Archon](/wiki/Archon,_Aisne "Archon, Aisne")
* [Arcy-Sainte-Restitue](/wiki/Arcy-Sainte-Restitue "Arcy-Sainte-Restitue")
* [Armentières-sur-Ourcq](/wiki/Armenti%C3%A8res-sur-Ourcq "Armentières-sur-Ourcq")
* [Arrancy](/wiki/Arrancy "Arrancy")
* [Artemps](/wiki/Artemps "Artemps")
* [Assis-sur-Serre](/wiki/Assis-sur-Serre "Assis-sur-Serre")
* [Athies-sous-Laon](/wiki/Athies-sous-Laon "Athies-sous-Laon")
* [Attilly](/wiki/Attilly "Attilly")
* [Aubencheul-aux-Bois](/wiki/Aubencheul-aux-Bois "Aubencheul-aux-Bois")
* [Aubenton](/wiki/Aubenton "Aubenton")
* [Aubigny-aux-Kaisnes](/wiki/Aubigny-aux-Kaisnes "Aubigny-aux-Kaisnes")
* [Aubigny-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Aubigny-en-Laonnois "Aubigny-en-Laonnois")
* [Audignicourt](/wiki/Audignicourt "Audignicourt")
* [Audigny](/wiki/Audigny "Audigny")
* [Augy](/wiki/Augy,_Aisne "Augy, Aisne")
* [Aulnois-sous-Laon](/wiki/Aulnois-sous-Laon "Aulnois-sous-Laon")
* [Les Autels](/wiki/Les_Autels "Les Autels")
* [Autremencourt](/wiki/Autremencourt "Autremencourt")
* [Autreppes](/wiki/Autreppes "Autreppes")
* [Autreville](/wiki/Autreville,_Aisne "Autreville, Aisne")
* [Azy-sur-Marne](/wiki/Azy-sur-Marne "Azy-sur-Marne")
* Bagneux
* [Bancigny](/wiki/Bancigny "Bancigny")
* [Barenton-Bugny](/wiki/Barenton-Bugny "Barenton-Bugny")
* [Barenton-Cel](/wiki/Barenton-Cel "Barenton-Cel")
* [Barenton-sur-Serre](/wiki/Barenton-sur-Serre "Barenton-sur-Serre")
* [Barisis-aux-Bois](/wiki/Barisis-aux-Bois "Barisis-aux-Bois")
* [Barzy-en-Thiérache](/wiki/Barzy-en-Thi%C3%A9rache "Barzy-en-Thiérache")
* [Barzy-sur-Marne](/wiki/Barzy-sur-Marne "Barzy-sur-Marne")
* [Bassoles-Aulers](/wiki/Bassoles-Aulers "Bassoles-Aulers")
* [Bazoches-sur-Vesles](/wiki/Bazoches-sur-Vesles "Bazoches-sur-Vesles")
* [Beaumé](/wiki/Beaum%C3%A9 "Beaumé")
* [Beaumont-en-Beine](/wiki/Beaumont-en-Beine "Beaumont-en-Beine")
* [Beaurevoir](/wiki/Beaurevoir "Beaurevoir")
* [Beaurieux](/wiki/Beaurieux,_Aisne "Beaurieux, Aisne")
* [Beautor](/wiki/Beautor "Beautor")
* [Beauvois-en-Vermandois](/wiki/Beauvois-en-Vermandois "Beauvois-en-Vermandois")
* [Becquigny](/wiki/Becquigny,_Aisne "Becquigny, Aisne")
* [Belleau](/wiki/Belleau,_Aisne "Belleau, Aisne")
* [Bellenglise](/wiki/Bellenglise "Bellenglise")
* [Belleu](/wiki/Belleu "Belleu")
* [Bellicourt](/wiki/Bellicourt "Bellicourt")
* [Benay](/wiki/Benay "Benay")
* [Bergues-sur-Sambre](/wiki/Bergues-sur-Sambre "Bergues-sur-Sambre")
* [Berlancourt](/wiki/Berlancourt,_Aisne "Berlancourt, Aisne")
* [Berlise](/wiki/Berlise "Berlise")
* [Bernot](/wiki/Bernot "Bernot")
* [Berny-Rivière](/wiki/Berny-Rivi%C3%A8re "Berny-Rivière")
* [Berrieux](/wiki/Berrieux "Berrieux")
* [Berry-au-Bac](/wiki/Berry-au-Bac "Berry-au-Bac")
* [Bertaucourt-Epourdon](/wiki/Bertaucourt-Epourdon "Bertaucourt-Epourdon")
* [Berthenicourt](/wiki/Berthenicourt "Berthenicourt")
* [Bertricourt](/wiki/Bertricourt "Bertricourt")
* [Berzy-le-Sec](/wiki/Berzy-le-Sec "Berzy-le-Sec")
* [Besmé](/wiki/Besm%C3%A9 "Besmé")
* [Besmont](/wiki/Besmont "Besmont")
* [Besny-et-Loizy](/wiki/Besny-et-Loizy "Besny-et-Loizy")
* [Béthancourt-en-Vaux](/wiki/B%C3%A9thancourt-en-Vaux "Béthancourt-en-Vaux")
* [Beugneux](/wiki/Beugneux "Beugneux")
* [Beuvardes](/wiki/Beuvardes "Beuvardes")
* [Bézu-le-Guéry](/wiki/B%C3%A9zu-le-Gu%C3%A9ry "Bézu-le-Guéry")
* [Bézu-Saint-Germain](/wiki/B%C3%A9zu-Saint-Germain "Bézu-Saint-Germain")
* [Bichancourt](/wiki/Bichancourt "Bichancourt")
* [Bieuxy](/wiki/Bieuxy "Bieuxy")
* [Bièvres](/wiki/Bi%C3%A8vres,_Aisne "Bièvres, Aisne")
* [Billy-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Billy-sur-Aisne "Billy-sur-Aisne")
* [Billy-sur-Ourcq](/wiki/Billy-sur-Ourcq "Billy-sur-Ourcq")
* [Blanzy-lès-Fismes](/wiki/Blanzy-l%C3%A8s-Fismes "Blanzy-lès-Fismes")
* [Blérancourt](/wiki/Bl%C3%A9rancourt "Blérancourt")
* [Blesmes](/wiki/Blesmes "Blesmes")
* [Bohain-en-Vermandois](/wiki/Bohain-en-Vermandois "Bohain-en-Vermandois")
* [Bois-lès-Pargny](/wiki/Bois-l%C3%A8s-Pargny "Bois-lès-Pargny")
* [Boncourt](/wiki/Boncourt,_Aisne "Boncourt, Aisne")
* [Bonneil](/wiki/Bonneil "Bonneil")
* [Bonnesvalyn](/wiki/Bonnesvalyn "Bonnesvalyn")
* [Bony](/wiki/Bony,_Aisne "Bony, Aisne")
* [Bosmont-sur-Serre](/wiki/Bosmont-sur-Serre "Bosmont-sur-Serre")
* [Bouconville-Vauclair](/wiki/Bouconville-Vauclair "Bouconville-Vauclair")
* [Boué](/wiki/Bou%C3%A9 "Boué")
* [Bouffignereux](/wiki/Bouffignereux "Bouffignereux")
* [Bouresches](/wiki/Bouresches "Bouresches")
* [Bourg-et-Comin](/wiki/Bourg-et-Comin "Bourg-et-Comin")
* [Bourguignon-sous-Coucy](/wiki/Bourguignon-sous-Coucy "Bourguignon-sous-Coucy")
* [Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin](/wiki/Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin "Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin")
* [La Bouteille](/wiki/La_Bouteille "La Bouteille")
* [Braine](/wiki/Braine,_Aisne "Braine, Aisne")
* [Brancourt-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Brancourt-en-Laonnois "Brancourt-en-Laonnois")
* [Brancourt-le-Grand](/wiki/Brancourt-le-Grand "Brancourt-le-Grand")
* [Brasles](/wiki/Brasles "Brasles")
* [Braye](/wiki/Braye,_Aisne "Braye, Aisne")
* [Braye-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Braye-en-Laonnois "Braye-en-Laonnois")
* [Braye-en-Thiérache](/wiki/Braye-en-Thi%C3%A9rache "Braye-en-Thiérache")
* [Bray-Saint-Christophe](/wiki/Bray-Saint-Christophe "Bray-Saint-Christophe")
* [Brécy](/wiki/Br%C3%A9cy,_Aisne "Brécy, Aisne")
* [Brenelle](/wiki/Brenelle "Brenelle")
* [Breny](/wiki/Breny "Breny")
* [Brie](/wiki/Brie,_Aisne "Brie, Aisne")
* [Brissay-Choigny](/wiki/Brissay-Choigny "Brissay-Choigny")
* [Brissy-Hamégicourt](/wiki/Brissy-Ham%C3%A9gicourt "Brissy-Hamégicourt")
* [Brumetz](/wiki/Brumetz "Brumetz")
* [Brunehamel](/wiki/Brunehamel "Brunehamel")
* [Bruyères-et-Montbérault](/wiki/Bruy%C3%A8res-et-Montb%C3%A9rault "Bruyères-et-Montbérault")
* [Bruyères-sur-Fère](/wiki/Bruy%C3%A8res-sur-F%C3%A8re "Bruyères-sur-Fère")
* [Bruys](/wiki/Bruys "Bruys")
* [Bucilly](/wiki/Bucilly "Bucilly")
* [Bucy-le-Long](/wiki/Bucy-le-Long "Bucy-le-Long")
* [Bucy-lès-Cerny](/wiki/Bucy-l%C3%A8s-Cerny "Bucy-lès-Cerny")
* [Bucy-lès-Pierrepont](/wiki/Bucy-l%C3%A8s-Pierrepont "Bucy-lès-Pierrepont")
* [Buire](/wiki/Buire "Buire")
* [Buironfosse](/wiki/Buironfosse "Buironfosse")
* [Burelles](/wiki/Burelles "Burelles")
* [Bussiares](/wiki/Bussiares "Bussiares")
* [Buzancy](/wiki/Buzancy,_Aisne "Buzancy, Aisne")
* [Caillouël-Crépigny](/wiki/Caillou%C3%ABl-Cr%C3%A9pigny "Caillouël-Crépigny")
* [Camelin](/wiki/Camelin "Camelin")
* [La Capelle](/wiki/La_Capelle "La Capelle")
* [Castres](/wiki/Castres,_Aisne "Castres, Aisne")
* [Le Catelet](/wiki/Le_Catelet "Le Catelet")
* [Caulaincourt](/wiki/Caulaincourt,_Aisne "Caulaincourt, Aisne")
* [Caumont](/wiki/Caumont,_Aisne "Caumont, Aisne")
* [Celles-lès-Condé](/wiki/Celles-l%C3%A8s-Cond%C3%A9 "Celles-lès-Condé")
* [Celles-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Celles-sur-Aisne "Celles-sur-Aisne")
* [Cerizy](/wiki/Cerizy "Cerizy")
* [Cerny-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Cerny-en-Laonnois "Cerny-en-Laonnois")
* [Cerny-lès-Bucy](/wiki/Cerny-l%C3%A8s-Bucy "Cerny-lès-Bucy")
* [Cerseuil](/wiki/Cerseuil "Cerseuil")
* [Cessières-Suzy](/wiki/Cessi%C3%A8res-Suzy "Cessières-Suzy")
* [Chacrise](/wiki/Chacrise "Chacrise")
* [Chaillevois](/wiki/Chaillevois "Chaillevois")
* [Chalandry](/wiki/Chalandry "Chalandry")
* [Chambry](/wiki/Chambry,_Aisne "Chambry, Aisne")
* [Chamouille](/wiki/Chamouille "Chamouille")
* [Champs](/wiki/Champs,_Aisne "Champs, Aisne")
* [Chaourse](/wiki/Chaourse "Chaourse")
* [La Chapelle-sur-Chézy](/wiki/La_Chapelle-sur-Ch%C3%A9zy "La Chapelle-sur-Chézy")
* [Charly-sur-Marne](/wiki/Charly-sur-Marne "Charly-sur-Marne")
* [Le Charmel](/wiki/Le_Charmel "Le Charmel")
* [Charmes](/wiki/Charmes,_Aisne "Charmes, Aisne")
* [Chartèves](/wiki/Chart%C3%A8ves "Chartèves")
* [Chassemy](/wiki/Chassemy "Chassemy")
* [Châtillon-lès-Sons](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-l%C3%A8s-Sons "Châtillon-lès-Sons")
* [Châtillon-sur-Oise](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-sur-Oise "Châtillon-sur-Oise")
* [Chaudardes](/wiki/Chaudardes "Chaudardes")
* [Chaudun](/wiki/Chaudun "Chaudun")
* [Chauny](/wiki/Chauny "Chauny")
* [Chavignon](/wiki/Chavignon "Chavignon")
* [Chavigny](/wiki/Chavigny,_Aisne "Chavigny, Aisne")
* [Chavonne](/wiki/Chavonne "Chavonne")
* [Chérêt](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9r%C3%AAt "Chérêt")
* [Chermizy-Ailles](/wiki/Chermizy-Ailles "Chermizy-Ailles")
* [Chéry-Chartreuve](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ry-Chartreuve "Chéry-Chartreuve")
* [Chéry-lès-Pouilly](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ry-l%C3%A8s-Pouilly "Chéry-lès-Pouilly")
* [Chéry-lès-Rozoy](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ry-l%C3%A8s-Rozoy "Chéry-lès-Rozoy")
* [Chevennes](/wiki/Chevennes "Chevennes")
* [Chevregny](/wiki/Chevregny "Chevregny")
* [Chevresis-Monceau](/wiki/Chevresis-Monceau "Chevresis-Monceau")
* [Chézy-en-Orxois](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9zy-en-Orxois "Chézy-en-Orxois")
* [Chézy-sur-Marne](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9zy-sur-Marne "Chézy-sur-Marne")
* [Chierry](/wiki/Chierry "Chierry")
* [Chigny](/wiki/Chigny,_Aisne "Chigny, Aisne")
* [Chivres-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Chivres-en-Laonnois "Chivres-en-Laonnois")
* [Chivres-Val](/wiki/Chivres-Val "Chivres-Val")
* [Chivy-lès-Étouvelles](/wiki/Chivy-l%C3%A8s-%C3%89touvelles "Chivy-lès-Étouvelles")
* [Chouy](/wiki/Chouy "Chouy")
* [Cierges](/wiki/Cierges "Cierges")
* [Cilly](/wiki/Cilly,_Aisne "Cilly, Aisne")
* [Ciry-Salsogne](/wiki/Ciry-Salsogne "Ciry-Salsogne")
* [Clacy-et-Thierret](/wiki/Clacy-et-Thierret "Clacy-et-Thierret")
* [Clairfontaine](/wiki/Clairfontaine "Clairfontaine")
* [Clamecy](/wiki/Clamecy,_Aisne "Clamecy, Aisne")
* [Clastres](/wiki/Clastres "Clastres")
* [Clermont-les-Fermes](/wiki/Clermont-les-Fermes "Clermont-les-Fermes")
* [Cœuvres-et-Valsery](/wiki/C%C5%93uvres-et-Valsery "Cœuvres-et-Valsery")
* [Coincy](/wiki/Coincy,_Aisne "Coincy, Aisne")
* [Coingt](/wiki/Coingt "Coingt")
* [Colligis-Crandelain](/wiki/Colligis-Crandelain "Colligis-Crandelain")
* [Colonfay](/wiki/Colonfay "Colonfay")
* [Commenchon](/wiki/Commenchon "Commenchon")
* [Concevreux](/wiki/Concevreux "Concevreux")
* [Condé-en-Brie](/wiki/Cond%C3%A9-en-Brie "Condé-en-Brie")
* [Condé-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Cond%C3%A9-sur-Aisne "Condé-sur-Aisne")
* [Condé-sur-Suippe](/wiki/Cond%C3%A9-sur-Suippe "Condé-sur-Suippe")
* [Condren](/wiki/Condren "Condren")
* [Connigis](/wiki/Connigis "Connigis")
* [Contescourt](/wiki/Contescourt "Contescourt")
* [Corbeny](/wiki/Corbeny "Corbeny")
* [Corcy](/wiki/Corcy "Corcy")
* [Coucy-la-Ville](/wiki/Coucy-la-Ville "Coucy-la-Ville")
* [Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique](/wiki/Coucy-le-Ch%C3%A2teau-Auffrique "Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique")
* [Coucy-lès-Eppes](/wiki/Coucy-l%C3%A8s-Eppes "Coucy-lès-Eppes")
* [Coulonges-Cohan](/wiki/Coulonges-Cohan "Coulonges-Cohan")
* [Coupru](/wiki/Coupru "Coupru")
* [Courbes](/wiki/Courbes "Courbes")
* [Courboin](/wiki/Courboin "Courboin")
* [Courcelles-sur-Vesle](/wiki/Courcelles-sur-Vesle "Courcelles-sur-Vesle")
* [Courchamps](/wiki/Courchamps,_Aisne "Courchamps, Aisne")
* [Courmelles](/wiki/Courmelles "Courmelles")
* [Courmont](/wiki/Courmont,_Aisne "Courmont, Aisne")
* [Courtemont-Varennes](/wiki/Courtemont-Varennes "Courtemont-Varennes")
* [Courtrizy-et-Fussigny](/wiki/Courtrizy-et-Fussigny "Courtrizy-et-Fussigny")
* [Couvrelles](/wiki/Couvrelles "Couvrelles")
* [Couvron-et-Aumencourt](/wiki/Couvron-et-Aumencourt "Couvron-et-Aumencourt")
* [Coyolles](/wiki/Coyolles "Coyolles")
* [Cramaille](/wiki/Cramaille "Cramaille")
* [Craonne](/wiki/Craonne "Craonne")
* [Craonnelle](/wiki/Craonnelle "Craonnelle")
* [Crécy-au-Mont](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9cy-au-Mont "Crécy-au-Mont")
* [Crécy-sur-Serre](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9cy-sur-Serre "Crécy-sur-Serre")
* [Crépy](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9py,_Aisne "Crépy, Aisne")
* [Crézancy](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9zancy "Crézancy")
* [Croix-Fonsomme](/wiki/Croix-Fonsomme "Croix-Fonsomme")
* [La Croix-sur-Ourcq](/wiki/La_Croix-sur-Ourcq "La Croix-sur-Ourcq")
* [Crouttes-sur-Marne](/wiki/Crouttes-sur-Marne "Crouttes-sur-Marne")
* [Crouy](/wiki/Crouy "Crouy")
* [Crupilly](/wiki/Crupilly "Crupilly")
* [Cuffies](/wiki/Cuffies "Cuffies")
* [Cugny](/wiki/Cugny "Cugny")
* [Cuirieux](/wiki/Cuirieux "Cuirieux")
* [Cuiry-Housse](/wiki/Cuiry-Housse "Cuiry-Housse")
* [Cuiry-lès-Chaudardes](/wiki/Cuiry-l%C3%A8s-Chaudardes "Cuiry-lès-Chaudardes")
* [Cuiry-lès-Iviers](/wiki/Cuiry-l%C3%A8s-Iviers "Cuiry-lès-Iviers")
* [Cuissy-et-Geny](/wiki/Cuissy-et-Geny "Cuissy-et-Geny")
* [Cuisy-en-Almont](/wiki/Cuisy-en-Almont "Cuisy-en-Almont")
* [Cutry](/wiki/Cutry,_Aisne "Cutry, Aisne")
* [Cys-la-Commune](/wiki/Cys-la-Commune "Cys-la-Commune")
* [Dagny-Lambercy](/wiki/Dagny-Lambercy "Dagny-Lambercy")
* [Dallon](/wiki/Dallon "Dallon")
* [Dammard](/wiki/Dammard "Dammard")
* [Dampleux](/wiki/Dampleux "Dampleux")
* [Danizy](/wiki/Danizy "Danizy")
* [Dercy](/wiki/Dercy "Dercy")
* [Deuillet](/wiki/Deuillet "Deuillet")
* [Dhuizel](/wiki/Dhuizel "Dhuizel")
* [Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie](/wiki/Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie "Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie")
* [Dizy-le-Gros](/wiki/Dizy-le-Gros "Dizy-le-Gros")
* [Dohis](/wiki/Dohis "Dohis")
* [Dolignon](/wiki/Dolignon "Dolignon")
* [Dommiers](/wiki/Dommiers "Dommiers")
* [Domptin](/wiki/Domptin "Domptin")
* [Dorengt](/wiki/Dorengt "Dorengt")
* [Douchy](/wiki/Douchy,_Aisne "Douchy, Aisne")
* [Dravegny](/wiki/Dravegny "Dravegny")
* [Droizy](/wiki/Droizy "Droizy")
* [Dury](/wiki/Dury,_Aisne "Dury, Aisne")
* [Ébouleau](/wiki/%C3%89bouleau "Ébouleau")
* [Effry](/wiki/Effry "Effry")
* [Englancourt](/wiki/Englancourt "Englancourt")
* [Épagny](/wiki/%C3%89pagny,_Aisne "Épagny, Aisne")
* [Éparcy](/wiki/%C3%89parcy "Éparcy")
* [Épaux-Bézu](/wiki/%C3%89paux-B%C3%A9zu "Épaux-Bézu")
* [Épieds](/wiki/%C3%89pieds,_Aisne "Épieds, Aisne")
* [L'Épine-aux-Bois](/wiki/L%27%C3%89pine-aux-Bois "L'Épine-aux-Bois")
* [Eppes](/wiki/Eppes,_Aisne "Eppes, Aisne")
* [Erlon](/wiki/Erlon "Erlon")
* [Erloy](/wiki/Erloy "Erloy")
* [Esquéhéries](/wiki/Esqu%C3%A9h%C3%A9ries "Esquéhéries")
* [Essigny-le-Grand](/wiki/Essigny-le-Grand "Essigny-le-Grand")
* [Essigny-le-Petit](/wiki/Essigny-le-Petit "Essigny-le-Petit")
* [Essises](/wiki/Essises "Essises")
* [Essômes-sur-Marne](/wiki/Ess%C3%B4mes-sur-Marne "Essômes-sur-Marne")
* [Estrées](/wiki/Estr%C3%A9es,_Aisne "Estrées, Aisne")
* [Étampes-sur-Marne](/wiki/%C3%89tampes-sur-Marne "Étampes-sur-Marne")
* [Étaves-et-Bocquiaux](/wiki/%C3%89taves-et-Bocquiaux "Étaves-et-Bocquiaux")
* [Étouvelles](/wiki/%C3%89touvelles "Étouvelles")
* [Étréaupont](/wiki/%C3%89tr%C3%A9aupont "Étréaupont")
* [Étreillers](/wiki/%C3%89treillers "Étreillers")
* [Étrépilly](/wiki/%C3%89tr%C3%A9pilly,_Aisne "Étrépilly, Aisne")
* [Étreux](/wiki/%C3%89treux "Étreux")
* [Évergnicourt](/wiki/%C3%89vergnicourt "Évergnicourt")
* [Faverolles](/wiki/Faverolles,_Aisne "Faverolles, Aisne")
* [Fayet](/wiki/Fayet,_Aisne "Fayet, Aisne")
* [La Fère](/wiki/La_F%C3%A8re "La Fère")
* [Fère-en-Tardenois](/wiki/F%C3%A8re-en-Tardenois "Fère-en-Tardenois")
* [La Ferté-Chevresis](/wiki/La_Fert%C3%A9-Chevresis "La Ferté-Chevresis")
* [La Ferté-Milon](/wiki/La_Fert%C3%A9-Milon "La Ferté-Milon")
* [Fesmy-le-Sart](/wiki/Fesmy-le-Sart "Fesmy-le-Sart")
* [Festieux](/wiki/Festieux "Festieux")
* [Fieulaine](/wiki/Fieulaine "Fieulaine")
* [Filain](/wiki/Filain,_Aisne "Filain, Aisne")
* [La Flamengrie](/wiki/La_Flamengrie,_Aisne "La Flamengrie, Aisne")
* [Flavigny-le-Grand-et-Beaurain](/wiki/Flavigny-le-Grand-et-Beaurain "Flavigny-le-Grand-et-Beaurain")
* [Flavy-le-Martel](/wiki/Flavy-le-Martel "Flavy-le-Martel")
* [Fleury](/wiki/Fleury,_Aisne "Fleury, Aisne")
* [Fluquières](/wiki/Fluqui%C3%A8res "Fluquières")
* [Folembray](/wiki/Folembray "Folembray")
* [Fonsommes](/wiki/Fonsommes "Fonsommes")
* [Fontaine-lès-Clercs](/wiki/Fontaine-l%C3%A8s-Clercs "Fontaine-lès-Clercs")
* [Fontaine-lès-Vervins](/wiki/Fontaine-l%C3%A8s-Vervins "Fontaine-lès-Vervins")
* [Fontaine-Notre-Dame](/wiki/Fontaine-Notre-Dame,_Aisne "Fontaine-Notre-Dame, Aisne")
* [Fontaine-Uterte](/wiki/Fontaine-Uterte "Fontaine-Uterte")
* [Fontenelle](/wiki/Fontenelle,_Aisne "Fontenelle, Aisne")
* [Fontenoy](/wiki/Fontenoy,_Aisne "Fontenoy, Aisne")
* [Foreste](/wiki/Foreste "Foreste")
* [Fossoy](/wiki/Fossoy "Fossoy")
* [Fourdrain](/wiki/Fourdrain "Fourdrain")
* [Francilly-Selency](/wiki/Francilly-Selency "Francilly-Selency")
* [Franqueville](/wiki/Franqueville,_Aisne "Franqueville, Aisne")
* [Fresnes-en-Tardenois](/wiki/Fresnes-en-Tardenois "Fresnes-en-Tardenois")
* [Fresnes-sous-Coucy](/wiki/Fresnes,_Aisne "Fresnes, Aisne")
* [Fresnoy-le-Grand](/wiki/Fresnoy-le-Grand "Fresnoy-le-Grand")
* [Fressancourt](/wiki/Fressancourt "Fressancourt")
* [Frières-Faillouël](/wiki/Fri%C3%A8res-Faillou%C3%ABl "Frières-Faillouël")
* [Froidestrées](/wiki/Froidestr%C3%A9es "Froidestrées")
* [Froidmont-Cohartille](/wiki/Froidmont-Cohartille "Froidmont-Cohartille")
* [Gandelu](/wiki/Gandelu "Gandelu")
* [Gauchy](/wiki/Gauchy "Gauchy")
* [Gercy](/wiki/Gercy "Gercy")
* [Gergny](/wiki/Gergny "Gergny")
* [Germaine](/wiki/Germaine,_Aisne "Germaine, Aisne")
* [Gibercourt](/wiki/Gibercourt "Gibercourt")
* [Gizy](/wiki/Gizy "Gizy")
* [Gland](/wiki/Gland,_Aisne "Gland, Aisne")
* [Goudelancourt-lès-Berrieux](/wiki/Goudelancourt-l%C3%A8s-Berrieux "Goudelancourt-lès-Berrieux")
* [Goudelancourt-lès-Pierrepont](/wiki/Goudelancourt-l%C3%A8s-Pierrepont "Goudelancourt-lès-Pierrepont")
* [Goussancourt](/wiki/Goussancourt "Goussancourt")
* [Gouy](/wiki/Gouy,_Aisne "Gouy, Aisne")
* [Grandlup-et-Fay](/wiki/Grandlup-et-Fay "Grandlup-et-Fay")
* [Grandrieux](/wiki/Grandrieux "Grandrieux")
* [Grand-Rozoy](/wiki/Grand-Rozoy "Grand-Rozoy")
* [Grand-Verly](/wiki/Grand-Verly "Grand-Verly")
* [Gricourt](/wiki/Gricourt "Gricourt")
* [Grisolles](/wiki/Grisolles,_Aisne "Grisolles, Aisne")
* [Gronard](/wiki/Gronard "Gronard")
* [Grougis](/wiki/Grougis "Grougis")
* [Grugies](/wiki/Grugies "Grugies")
* [Guise](/wiki/Guise "Guise")
* [Guivry](/wiki/Guivry "Guivry")
* [Guny](/wiki/Guny "Guny")
* [Guyencourt](/wiki/Guyencourt "Guyencourt")
* [Hannapes](/wiki/Hannapes "Hannapes")
* [Happencourt](/wiki/Happencourt "Happencourt")
* [Haramont](/wiki/Haramont "Haramont")
* [Harcigny](/wiki/Harcigny "Harcigny")
* [Hargicourt](/wiki/Hargicourt,_Aisne "Hargicourt, Aisne")
* [Harly](/wiki/Harly "Harly")
* [Hartennes-et-Taux](/wiki/Hartennes-et-Taux "Hartennes-et-Taux")
* [Hary](/wiki/Hary "Hary")
* [Hautevesnes](/wiki/Hautevesnes "Hautevesnes")
* [Hauteville](/wiki/Hauteville,_Aisne "Hauteville, Aisne")
* [Haution](/wiki/Haution "Haution")
* [La Hérie](/wiki/La_H%C3%A9rie "La Hérie")
* [Le Hérie-la-Viéville](/wiki/Le_H%C3%A9rie-la-Vi%C3%A9ville "Le Hérie-la-Viéville")
* [Hinacourt](/wiki/Hinacourt "Hinacourt")
* [Hirson](/wiki/Hirson "Hirson")
* [Holnon](/wiki/Holnon "Holnon")
* [Homblières](/wiki/Hombli%C3%A8res "Homblières")
* [Houry](/wiki/Houry "Houry")
* [Housset](/wiki/Housset "Housset")
* [Iron](/wiki/Iron,_Aisne "Iron, Aisne")
* [Itancourt](/wiki/Itancourt "Itancourt")
* [Iviers](/wiki/Iviers "Iviers")
* [Jaulgonne](/wiki/Jaulgonne "Jaulgonne")
* [Jeancourt](/wiki/Jeancourt "Jeancourt")
* [Jeantes](/wiki/Jeantes "Jeantes")
* [Joncourt](/wiki/Joncourt "Joncourt")
* [Jouaignes](/wiki/Jouaignes "Jouaignes")
* [Jumencourt](/wiki/Jumencourt "Jumencourt")
* [Jumigny](/wiki/Jumigny "Jumigny")
* [Jussy](/wiki/Jussy,_Aisne "Jussy, Aisne")
* [Juvigny](/wiki/Juvigny,_Aisne "Juvigny, Aisne")
* [Juvincourt-et-Damary](/wiki/Juvincourt-et-Damary "Juvincourt-et-Damary")
* [Laffaux](/wiki/Laffaux "Laffaux")
* [Laigny](/wiki/Laigny "Laigny")
* [Lanchy](/wiki/Lanchy "Lanchy")
* [Landifay-et-Bertaignemont](/wiki/Landifay-et-Bertaignemont "Landifay-et-Bertaignemont")
* [Landouzy-la-Cour](/wiki/Landouzy-la-Cour "Landouzy-la-Cour")
* [Landouzy-la-Ville](/wiki/Landouzy-la-Ville "Landouzy-la-Ville")
* [Landricourt](/wiki/Landricourt,_Aisne "Landricourt, Aisne")
* [Laniscourt](/wiki/Laniscourt "Laniscourt")
* [Lappion](/wiki/Lappion "Lappion")
* [Largny-sur-Automne](/wiki/Largny-sur-Automne "Largny-sur-Automne")
* [Latilly](/wiki/Latilly "Latilly")
* [Launoy](/wiki/Launoy,_Aisne "Launoy, Aisne")
* [Laval-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Laval-en-Laonnois "Laval-en-Laonnois")
* [Lavaqueresse](/wiki/Lavaqueresse "Lavaqueresse")
* [Laversine](/wiki/Laversine "Laversine")
* [Lehaucourt](/wiki/Lehaucourt "Lehaucourt")
* [Lemé](/wiki/Lem%C3%A9 "Lemé")
* [Lempire](/wiki/Lempire "Lempire")
* [Lerzy](/wiki/Lerzy "Lerzy")
* [Leschelle](/wiki/Leschelle "Leschelle")
* [Lesdins](/wiki/Lesdins "Lesdins")
* [Lesges](/wiki/Lesges "Lesges")
* [Lesquielles-Saint-Germain](/wiki/Lesquielles-Saint-Germain "Lesquielles-Saint-Germain")
* [Leuilly-sous-Coucy](/wiki/Leuilly-sous-Coucy "Leuilly-sous-Coucy")
* [Leury](/wiki/Leury "Leury")
* [Leuze](/wiki/Leuze,_Aisne "Leuze, Aisne")
* [Levergies](/wiki/Levergies "Levergies")
* [Lhuys](/wiki/Lhuys "Lhuys")
* [Licy-Clignon](/wiki/Licy-Clignon "Licy-Clignon")
* [Lierval](/wiki/Lierval "Lierval")
* [Liesse-Notre-Dame](/wiki/Liesse-Notre-Dame "Liesse-Notre-Dame")
* [Liez](/wiki/Liez,_Aisne "Liez, Aisne")
* [Limé](/wiki/Lim%C3%A9 "Limé")
* [Lislet](/wiki/Lislet "Lislet")
* [Logny-lès-Aubenton](/wiki/Logny-l%C3%A8s-Aubenton "Logny-lès-Aubenton")
* [Longpont](/wiki/Longpont "Longpont")
* [Lor](/wiki/Lor,_Aisne "Lor, Aisne")
* [Louâtre](/wiki/Lou%C3%A2tre "Louâtre")
* [Loupeigne](/wiki/Loupeigne "Loupeigne")
* [Lucy-le-Bocage](/wiki/Lucy-le-Bocage "Lucy-le-Bocage")
* [Lugny](/wiki/Lugny,_Aisne "Lugny, Aisne")
* [Luzoir](/wiki/Luzoir "Luzoir")
* [Ly-Fontaine](/wiki/Ly-Fontaine "Ly-Fontaine")
* [Maast-et-Violaine](/wiki/Maast-et-Violaine "Maast-et-Violaine")
* [Mâchecourt](/wiki/M%C3%A2checourt "Mâchecourt")
* [Macogny](/wiki/Macogny "Macogny")
* [Macquigny](/wiki/Macquigny "Macquigny")
* [Magny-la-Fosse](/wiki/Magny-la-Fosse "Magny-la-Fosse")
* [Maissemy](/wiki/Maissemy "Maissemy")
* [Maizy](/wiki/Maizy "Maizy")
* [La Malmaison](/wiki/La_Malmaison "La Malmaison")
* [Malzy](/wiki/Malzy "Malzy")
* [Manicamp](/wiki/Manicamp "Manicamp")
* [Marchais](/wiki/Marchais,_Aisne "Marchais, Aisne")
* [Marcy](/wiki/Marcy,_Aisne "Marcy, Aisne")
* [Marcy-sous-Marle](/wiki/Marcy-sous-Marle "Marcy-sous-Marle")
* [Marest-Dampcourt](/wiki/Marest-Dampcourt "Marest-Dampcourt")
* [Mareuil-en-Dôle](/wiki/Mareuil-en-D%C3%B4le "Mareuil-en-Dôle")
* [Marfontaine](/wiki/Marfontaine "Marfontaine")
* [Margival](/wiki/Margival "Margival")
* [Marigny-en-Orxois](/wiki/Marigny-en-Orxois "Marigny-en-Orxois")
* [Marizy-Sainte-Geneviève](/wiki/Marizy-Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve "Marizy-Sainte-Geneviève")
* [Marizy-Saint-Mard](/wiki/Marizy-Saint-Mard "Marizy-Saint-Mard")
* [Marle](/wiki/Marle,_Aisne "Marle, Aisne")
* [Marly-Gomont](/wiki/Marly-Gomont "Marly-Gomont")
* [Martigny](/wiki/Martigny,_Aisne "Martigny, Aisne")
* [Martigny-Courpierre](/wiki/Martigny-Courpierre "Martigny-Courpierre")
* [Mauregny-en-Haye](/wiki/Mauregny-en-Haye "Mauregny-en-Haye")
* [Mayot](/wiki/Mayot "Mayot")
* [Mennessis](/wiki/Mennessis "Mennessis")
* [Mennevret](/wiki/Mennevret "Mennevret")
* [Mercin-et-Vaux](/wiki/Mercin-et-Vaux "Mercin-et-Vaux")
* [Merlieux-et-Fouquerolles](/wiki/Merlieux-et-Fouquerolles "Merlieux-et-Fouquerolles")
* [Mesbrecourt-Richecourt](/wiki/Mesbrecourt-Richecourt "Mesbrecourt-Richecourt")
* [Mesnil-Saint-Laurent](/wiki/Mesnil-Saint-Laurent "Mesnil-Saint-Laurent")
* [Meurival](/wiki/Meurival "Meurival")
* [Mézières-sur-Oise](/wiki/M%C3%A9zi%C3%A8res-sur-Oise "Mézières-sur-Oise")
* [Mézy-Moulins](/wiki/M%C3%A9zy-Moulins "Mézy-Moulins")
* [Missy-aux-Bois](/wiki/Missy-aux-Bois "Missy-aux-Bois")
* [Missy-lès-Pierrepont](/wiki/Missy-l%C3%A8s-Pierrepont "Missy-lès-Pierrepont")
* [Missy-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Missy-sur-Aisne "Missy-sur-Aisne")
* [Molain](/wiki/Molain,_Aisne "Molain, Aisne")
* [Molinchart](/wiki/Molinchart "Molinchart")
* [Monampteuil](/wiki/Monampteuil "Monampteuil")
* [Monceau-le-Neuf-et-Faucouzy](/wiki/Monceau-le-Neuf-et-Faucouzy "Monceau-le-Neuf-et-Faucouzy")
* [Monceau-lès-Leups](/wiki/Monceau-l%C3%A8s-Leups "Monceau-lès-Leups")
* [Monceau-le-Waast](/wiki/Monceau-le-Waast "Monceau-le-Waast")
* [Monceau-sur-Oise](/wiki/Monceau-sur-Oise "Monceau-sur-Oise")
* [Mondrepuis](/wiki/Mondrepuis "Mondrepuis")
* [Monnes](/wiki/Monnes "Monnes")
* [Mons-en-Laonnois](/wiki/Mons-en-Laonnois "Mons-en-Laonnois")
* [Montaigu](/wiki/Montaigu,_Aisne "Montaigu, Aisne")
* [Montbavin](/wiki/Montbavin "Montbavin")
* [Montbrehain](/wiki/Montbrehain "Montbrehain")
* [Montchâlons](/wiki/Montch%C3%A2lons "Montchâlons")
* [Montcornet](/wiki/Montcornet,_Aisne "Montcornet, Aisne")
* [Mont-d'Origny](/wiki/Mont-d%27Origny "Mont-d'Origny")
* [Montescourt-Lizerolles](/wiki/Montescourt-Lizerolles "Montescourt-Lizerolles")
* [Montfaucon](/wiki/Montfaucon,_Aisne "Montfaucon, Aisne")
* [Montgobert](/wiki/Montgobert "Montgobert")
* [Montgru-Saint-Hilaire](/wiki/Montgru-Saint-Hilaire "Montgru-Saint-Hilaire")
* [Monthenault](/wiki/Monthenault "Monthenault")
* [Monthiers](/wiki/Monthiers "Monthiers")
* [Monthurel](/wiki/Monthurel "Monthurel")
* [Montigny-en-Arrouaise](/wiki/Montigny-en-Arrouaise "Montigny-en-Arrouaise")
* [Montigny-l'Allier](/wiki/Montigny-l%27Allier "Montigny-l'Allier")
* [Montigny-le-Franc](/wiki/Montigny-le-Franc "Montigny-le-Franc")
* [Montigny-Lengrain](/wiki/Montigny-Lengrain "Montigny-Lengrain")
* [Montigny-lès-Condé](/wiki/Montigny-l%C3%A8s-Cond%C3%A9 "Montigny-lès-Condé")
* [Montigny-sous-Marle](/wiki/Montigny-sous-Marle "Montigny-sous-Marle")
* [Montigny-sur-Crécy](/wiki/Montigny-sur-Cr%C3%A9cy "Montigny-sur-Crécy")
* [Montlevon](/wiki/Montlevon "Montlevon")
* [Montloué](/wiki/Montlou%C3%A9 "Montloué")
* [Mont-Notre-Dame](/wiki/Mont-Notre-Dame "Mont-Notre-Dame")
* [Montreuil-aux-Lions](/wiki/Montreuil-aux-Lions "Montreuil-aux-Lions")
* [Mont-Saint-Jean](/wiki/Mont-Saint-Jean,_Aisne "Mont-Saint-Jean, Aisne")
* [Mont-Saint-Martin](/wiki/Mont-Saint-Martin,_Aisne "Mont-Saint-Martin, Aisne")
* [Mont-Saint-Père](/wiki/Mont-Saint-P%C3%A8re "Mont-Saint-Père")
* [Morcourt](/wiki/Morcourt,_Aisne "Morcourt, Aisne")
* [Morgny-en-Thiérache](/wiki/Morgny-en-Thi%C3%A9rache "Morgny-en-Thiérache")
* [Morsain](/wiki/Morsain "Morsain")
* [Mortefontaine](/wiki/Mortefontaine,_Aisne "Mortefontaine, Aisne")
* [Mortiers](/wiki/Mortiers,_Aisne "Mortiers, Aisne")
* [Moulins](/wiki/Moulins,_Aisne "Moulins, Aisne")
* [Moussy-Verneuil](/wiki/Moussy-Verneuil "Moussy-Verneuil")
* [Moÿ-de-l'Aisne](/wiki/Mo%C3%BF-de-l%27Aisne "Moÿ-de-l'Aisne")
* [Muret-et-Crouttes](/wiki/Muret-et-Crouttes "Muret-et-Crouttes")
* [Muscourt](/wiki/Muscourt "Muscourt")
* [Nampcelles-la-Cour](/wiki/Nampcelles-la-Cour "Nampcelles-la-Cour")
* [Nampteuil-sous-Muret](/wiki/Nampteuil-sous-Muret "Nampteuil-sous-Muret")
* [Nanteuil-la-Fosse](/wiki/Nanteuil-la-Fosse "Nanteuil-la-Fosse")
* [Nanteuil-Notre-Dame](/wiki/Nanteuil-Notre-Dame "Nanteuil-Notre-Dame")
* [Nauroy](/wiki/Nauroy "Nauroy")
* [Nesles-la-Montagne](/wiki/Nesles-la-Montagne "Nesles-la-Montagne")
* [Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Neufch%C3%A2tel-sur-Aisne "Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne")
* [Neuflieux](/wiki/Neuflieux "Neuflieux")
* [Neuilly-Saint-Front](/wiki/Neuilly-Saint-Front "Neuilly-Saint-Front")
* [Neuve-Maison](/wiki/Neuve-Maison "Neuve-Maison")
* [La Neuville-Bosmont](/wiki/La_Neuville-Bosmont "La Neuville-Bosmont")
* [La Neuville-en-Beine](/wiki/La_Neuville-en-Beine "La Neuville-en-Beine")
* [La Neuville-Housset](/wiki/La_Neuville-Housset "La Neuville-Housset")
* [La Neuville-lès-Dorengt](/wiki/La_Neuville-l%C3%A8s-Dorengt "La Neuville-lès-Dorengt")
* [Neuville-Saint-Amand](/wiki/Neuville-Saint-Amand "Neuville-Saint-Amand")
* [Neuville-sur-Ailette](/wiki/Neuville-sur-Ailette "Neuville-sur-Ailette")
* [Neuville-sur-Margival](/wiki/Neuville-sur-Margival "Neuville-sur-Margival")
* [Neuvillette](/wiki/Neuvillette,_Aisne "Neuvillette, Aisne")
* [Nizy-le-Comte](/wiki/Nizy-le-Comte "Nizy-le-Comte")
* [Nogentel](/wiki/Nogentel "Nogentel")
* [Nogent-l'Artaud](/wiki/Nogent-l%27Artaud "Nogent-l'Artaud")
* [Noircourt](/wiki/Noircourt "Noircourt")
* [Noroy-sur-Ourcq](/wiki/Noroy-sur-Ourcq "Noroy-sur-Ourcq")
* [Le Nouvion-en-Thiérache](/wiki/Le_Nouvion-en-Thi%C3%A9rache "Le Nouvion-en-Thiérache")
* [Nouvion-et-Catillon](/wiki/Nouvion-et-Catillon "Nouvion-et-Catillon")
* [Nouvion-le-Comte](/wiki/Nouvion-le-Comte "Nouvion-le-Comte")
* [Nouvion-le-Vineux](/wiki/Nouvion-le-Vineux "Nouvion-le-Vineux")
* [Nouvron-Vingré](/wiki/Nouvron-Vingr%C3%A9 "Nouvron-Vingré")
* [Noyales](/wiki/Noyales "Noyales")
* [Noyant-et-Aconin](/wiki/Noyant-et-Aconin "Noyant-et-Aconin")
* [Œuilly](/wiki/%C5%92uilly,_Aisne "Œuilly, Aisne")
* [Ognes](/wiki/Ognes,_Aisne "Ognes, Aisne")
* [Ohis](/wiki/Ohis "Ohis")
* [Oigny-en-Valois](/wiki/Oigny-en-Valois "Oigny-en-Valois")
* [Oisy](/wiki/Oisy,_Aisne "Oisy, Aisne")
* [Ollezy](/wiki/Ollezy "Ollezy")
* [Omissy](/wiki/Omissy "Omissy")
* [Orainville](/wiki/Orainville "Orainville")
* [Orgeval](/wiki/Orgeval,_Aisne "Orgeval, Aisne")
* [Origny-en-Thiérache](/wiki/Origny-en-Thi%C3%A9rache "Origny-en-Thiérache")
* [Origny-Sainte-Benoite](/wiki/Origny-Sainte-Benoite "Origny-Sainte-Benoite")
* [Osly-Courtil](/wiki/Osly-Courtil "Osly-Courtil")
* [Ostel](/wiki/Ostel "Ostel")
* [Oulches-la-Vallée-Foulon](/wiki/Oulches-la-Vall%C3%A9e-Foulon "Oulches-la-Vallée-Foulon")
* [Oulchy-la-Ville](/wiki/Oulchy-la-Ville "Oulchy-la-Ville")
* [Oulchy-le-Château](/wiki/Oulchy-le-Ch%C3%A2teau "Oulchy-le-Château")
* [Paars](/wiki/Paars "Paars")
* [Paissy](/wiki/Paissy "Paissy")
* [Pancy-Courtecon](/wiki/Pancy-Courtecon "Pancy-Courtecon")
* [Papleux](/wiki/Papleux "Papleux")
* [Parcy-et-Tigny](/wiki/Parcy-et-Tigny "Parcy-et-Tigny")
* [Parfondeval](/wiki/Parfondeval,_Aisne "Parfondeval, Aisne")
* [Parfondru](/wiki/Parfondru "Parfondru")
* [Pargnan](/wiki/Pargnan "Pargnan")
* [Pargny-Filain](/wiki/Pargny-Filain "Pargny-Filain")
* [Pargny-la-Dhuys](/wiki/Pargny-la-Dhuys "Pargny-la-Dhuys")
* [Pargny-les-Bois](/wiki/Pargny-les-Bois "Pargny-les-Bois")
* [Parpeville](/wiki/Parpeville "Parpeville")
* [Pasly](/wiki/Pasly "Pasly")
* [Passy-en-Valois](/wiki/Passy-en-Valois "Passy-en-Valois")
* [Passy-sur-Marne](/wiki/Passy-sur-Marne "Passy-sur-Marne")
* [Pavant](/wiki/Pavant "Pavant")
* [Pernant](/wiki/Pernant "Pernant")
* [Petit-Verly](/wiki/Petit-Verly "Petit-Verly")
* [Pierremande](/wiki/Pierremande "Pierremande")
* [Pierrepont](/wiki/Pierrepont,_Aisne "Pierrepont, Aisne")
* [Pignicourt](/wiki/Pignicourt "Pignicourt")
* [Pinon](/wiki/Pinon,_Aisne "Pinon, Aisne")
* [Pithon](/wiki/Pithon "Pithon")
* [Pleine-Selve](/wiki/Pleine-Selve,_Aisne "Pleine-Selve, Aisne")
* [Le Plessier-Huleu](/wiki/Le_Plessier-Huleu "Le Plessier-Huleu")
* [Ploisy](/wiki/Ploisy "Ploisy")
* [Plomion](/wiki/Plomion "Plomion")
* [Ployart-et-Vaurseine](/wiki/Ployart-et-Vaurseine "Ployart-et-Vaurseine")
* [Pommiers](/wiki/Pommiers,_Aisne "Pommiers, Aisne")
* [Pont-Arcy](/wiki/Pont-Arcy "Pont-Arcy")
* [Pontavert](/wiki/Pontavert "Pontavert")
* [Pontru](/wiki/Pontru "Pontru")
* [Pontruet](/wiki/Pontruet "Pontruet")
* [Pont-Saint-Mard](/wiki/Pont-Saint-Mard "Pont-Saint-Mard")
* [Pouilly-sur-Serre](/wiki/Pouilly-sur-Serre "Pouilly-sur-Serre")
* [Prémont](/wiki/Pr%C3%A9mont "Prémont")
* [Prémontré](/wiki/Pr%C3%A9montr%C3%A9 "Prémontré")
* [Presles-et-Boves](/wiki/Presles-et-Boves "Presles-et-Boves")
* [Presles-et-Thierny](/wiki/Presles-et-Thierny "Presles-et-Thierny")
* [Priez](/wiki/Priez "Priez")
* [Prisces](/wiki/Prisces "Prisces")
* [Proisy](/wiki/Proisy "Proisy")
* [Proix](/wiki/Proix "Proix")
* [Prouvais](/wiki/Prouvais "Prouvais")
* [Proviseux-et-Plesnoy](/wiki/Proviseux-et-Plesnoy "Proviseux-et-Plesnoy")
* [Puiseux-en-Retz](/wiki/Puiseux-en-Retz "Puiseux-en-Retz")
* [Puisieux-et-Clanlieu](/wiki/Puisieux-et-Clanlieu "Puisieux-et-Clanlieu")
* [Quierzy](/wiki/Quierzy "Quierzy")
* [Quincy-Basse](/wiki/Quincy-Basse "Quincy-Basse")
* [Quincy-sous-le-Mont](/wiki/Quincy-sous-le-Mont "Quincy-sous-le-Mont")
* [Raillimont](/wiki/Raillimont "Raillimont")
* [Ramicourt](/wiki/Ramicourt "Ramicourt")
* [Regny](/wiki/Regny "Regny")
* [Remaucourt](/wiki/Remaucourt,_Aisne "Remaucourt, Aisne")
* [Remies](/wiki/Remies "Remies")
* [Remigny](/wiki/Remigny,_Aisne "Remigny, Aisne")
* [Renansart](/wiki/Renansart "Renansart")
* [Renneval](/wiki/Renneval "Renneval")
* [Résigny](/wiki/R%C3%A9signy "Résigny")
* [Ressons-le-Long](/wiki/Ressons-le-Long "Ressons-le-Long")
* [Retheuil](/wiki/Retheuil "Retheuil")
* [Reuilly-Sauvigny](/wiki/Reuilly-Sauvigny "Reuilly-Sauvigny")
* [Ribeauville](/wiki/Ribeauville "Ribeauville")
* [Ribemont](/wiki/Ribemont "Ribemont")
* [Rocourt-Saint-Martin](/wiki/Rocourt-Saint-Martin "Rocourt-Saint-Martin")
* [Rocquigny](/wiki/Rocquigny,_Aisne "Rocquigny, Aisne")
* [Rogécourt](/wiki/Rog%C3%A9court "Rogécourt")
* [Rogny](/wiki/Rogny "Rogny")
* [Romeny-sur-Marne](/wiki/Romeny-sur-Marne "Romeny-sur-Marne")
* [Romery](/wiki/Romery,_Aisne "Romery, Aisne")
* [Ronchères](/wiki/Ronch%C3%A8res,_Aisne "Ronchères, Aisne")
* [Roucy](/wiki/Roucy "Roucy")
* [Rougeries](/wiki/Rougeries "Rougeries")
* [Roupy](/wiki/Roupy "Roupy")
* [Rouvroy](/wiki/Rouvroy,_Aisne "Rouvroy, Aisne")
* [Rouvroy-sur-Serre](/wiki/Rouvroy-sur-Serre "Rouvroy-sur-Serre")
* [Royaucourt-et-Chailvet](/wiki/Royaucourt-et-Chailvet "Royaucourt-et-Chailvet")
* [Rozet-Saint-Albin](/wiki/Rozet-Saint-Albin "Rozet-Saint-Albin")
* [Rozières-sur-Crise](/wiki/Rozi%C3%A8res-sur-Crise "Rozières-sur-Crise")
* [Rozoy-Bellevalle](/wiki/Rozoy-Bellevalle "Rozoy-Bellevalle")
* [Rozoy-sur-Serre](/wiki/Rozoy-sur-Serre "Rozoy-sur-Serre")
* [Saconin-et-Breuil](/wiki/Saconin-et-Breuil "Saconin-et-Breuil")
* [Sains-Richaumont](/wiki/Sains-Richaumont "Sains-Richaumont")
* [Saint-Algis](/wiki/Saint-Algis "Saint-Algis")
* [Saint-Aubin](/wiki/Saint-Aubin,_Aisne "Saint-Aubin, Aisne")
* [Saint-Bandry](/wiki/Saint-Bandry "Saint-Bandry")
* [Saint-Christophe-à-Berry](/wiki/Saint-Christophe-%C3%A0-Berry "Saint-Christophe-à-Berry")
* [Saint-Clément](/wiki/Saint-Cl%C3%A9ment,_Aisne "Saint-Clément, Aisne")
* [Sainte-Croix](/wiki/Sainte-Croix,_Aisne "Sainte-Croix, Aisne")
* [Sainte-Geneviève](/wiki/Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve,_Aisne "Sainte-Geneviève, Aisne")
* [Sainte-Preuve](/wiki/Sainte-Preuve "Sainte-Preuve")
* [Saint-Erme-Outre-et-Ramecourt](/wiki/Saint-Erme-Outre-et-Ramecourt "Saint-Erme-Outre-et-Ramecourt")
* [Saint-Eugène](/wiki/Saint-Eug%C3%A8ne,_Aisne "Saint-Eugène, Aisne")
* [Saint-Gengoulph](/wiki/Saint-Gengoulph "Saint-Gengoulph")
* [Saint-Gobain](/wiki/Saint-Gobain,_Aisne "Saint-Gobain, Aisne")
* [Saint-Gobert](/wiki/Saint-Gobert "Saint-Gobert")
* [Saint-Mard](/wiki/Saint-Mard,_Aisne "Saint-Mard, Aisne")
* [Saint-Martin-Rivière](/wiki/Saint-Martin-Rivi%C3%A8re "Saint-Martin-Rivière")
* [Saint-Michel](/wiki/Saint-Michel,_Aisne "Saint-Michel, Aisne")
* [Saint-Nicolas-aux-Bois](/wiki/Saint-Nicolas-aux-Bois "Saint-Nicolas-aux-Bois")
* [Saint-Paul-aux-Bois](/wiki/Saint-Paul-aux-Bois "Saint-Paul-aux-Bois")
* [Saint-Pierre-Aigle](/wiki/Saint-Pierre-Aigle "Saint-Pierre-Aigle")
* [Saint-Pierre-lès-Franqueville](/wiki/Saint-Pierre-l%C3%A8s-Franqueville "Saint-Pierre-lès-Franqueville")
* [Saint-Pierremont](/wiki/Saint-Pierremont,_Aisne "Saint-Pierremont, Aisne")
* [Saint-Rémy-Blanzy](/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my-Blanzy "Saint-Rémy-Blanzy")
* [Saint-Simon](/wiki/Saint-Simon,_Aisne "Saint-Simon, Aisne")
* [Saint-Thibaut](/wiki/Saint-Thibaut "Saint-Thibaut")
* [Saint-Thomas](/wiki/Saint-Thomas,_Aisne "Saint-Thomas, Aisne")
* [Samoussy](/wiki/Samoussy "Samoussy")
* [Sancy-les-Cheminots](/wiki/Sancy-les-Cheminots "Sancy-les-Cheminots")
* [Saponay](/wiki/Saponay "Saponay")
* [Saulchery](/wiki/Saulchery "Saulchery")
* [Savy](/wiki/Savy "Savy")
* [Seboncourt](/wiki/Seboncourt "Seboncourt")
* [Selens](/wiki/Selens "Selens")
* [La Selve](/wiki/La_Selve,_Aisne "La Selve, Aisne")
* [Septmonts](/wiki/Septmonts "Septmonts")
* [Les Septvallons](/wiki/Les_Septvallons "Les Septvallons")
* [Septvaux](/wiki/Septvaux "Septvaux")
* [Sequehart](/wiki/Sequehart "Sequehart")
* [Serain](/wiki/Serain "Serain")
* [Seraucourt-le-Grand](/wiki/Seraucourt-le-Grand "Seraucourt-le-Grand")
* [Serches](/wiki/Serches "Serches")
* [Sergy](/wiki/Sergy,_Aisne "Sergy, Aisne")
* [Seringes-et-Nesles](/wiki/Seringes-et-Nesles "Seringes-et-Nesles")
* [Sermoise](/wiki/Sermoise "Sermoise")
* [Servais](/wiki/Servais "Servais")
* [Serval](/wiki/Serval,_Aisne "Serval, Aisne")
* [Séry-lès-Mézières](/wiki/S%C3%A9ry-l%C3%A8s-M%C3%A9zi%C3%A8res "Séry-lès-Mézières")
* [Silly-la-Poterie](/wiki/Silly-la-Poterie "Silly-la-Poterie")
* [Sinceny](/wiki/Sinceny "Sinceny")
* [Sissonne](/wiki/Sissonne "Sissonne")
* [Sissy](/wiki/Sissy,_Aisne "Sissy, Aisne")
* [Soize](/wiki/Soize "Soize")
* [Sommelans](/wiki/Sommelans "Sommelans")
* [Sommeron](/wiki/Sommeron "Sommeron")
* [Sommette-Eaucourt](/wiki/Sommette-Eaucourt "Sommette-Eaucourt")
* [Sons-et-Ronchères](/wiki/Sons-et-Ronch%C3%A8res "Sons-et-Ronchères")
* [Sorbais](/wiki/Sorbais "Sorbais")
* [Soucy](/wiki/Soucy,_Aisne "Soucy, Aisne")
* [Soupir](/wiki/Soupir "Soupir")
* [Le Sourd](/wiki/Le_Sourd "Le Sourd")
* [Surfontaine](/wiki/Surfontaine "Surfontaine")
* [Taillefontaine](/wiki/Taillefontaine "Taillefontaine")
* [Tannières](/wiki/Tanni%C3%A8res "Tannières")
* [Tartiers](/wiki/Tartiers "Tartiers")
* [Tavaux-et-Pontséricourt](/wiki/Tavaux-et-Ponts%C3%A9ricourt "Tavaux-et-Pontséricourt")
* [Tergnier](/wiki/Tergnier "Tergnier")
* [Terny-Sorny](/wiki/Terny-Sorny "Terny-Sorny")
* [Thenailles](/wiki/Thenailles "Thenailles")
* [Thenelles](/wiki/Thenelles "Thenelles")
* [Thiernu](/wiki/Thiernu "Thiernu")
* [Le Thuel](/wiki/Le_Thuel "Le Thuel")
* [Torcy-en-Valois](/wiki/Torcy-en-Valois "Torcy-en-Valois")
* [Toulis-et-Attencourt](/wiki/Toulis-et-Attencourt "Toulis-et-Attencourt")
* [Travecy](/wiki/Travecy "Travecy")
* [Trefcon](/wiki/Trefcon "Trefcon")
* [Trélou-sur-Marne](/wiki/Tr%C3%A9lou-sur-Marne "Trélou-sur-Marne")
* [Troësnes](/wiki/Tro%C3%ABsnes "Troësnes")
* [Trosly-Loire](/wiki/Trosly-Loire "Trosly-Loire")
* [Trucy](/wiki/Trucy "Trucy")
* [Tugny-et-Pont](/wiki/Tugny-et-Pont "Tugny-et-Pont")
* [Tupigny](/wiki/Tupigny "Tupigny")
* [Ugny-le-Gay](/wiki/Ugny-le-Gay "Ugny-le-Gay")
* [Urcel](/wiki/Urcel "Urcel")
* [Urvillers](/wiki/Urvillers "Urvillers")
* [Vadencourt](/wiki/Vadencourt,_Aisne "Vadencourt, Aisne")
* [Vailly-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Vailly-sur-Aisne "Vailly-sur-Aisne")
* [La Vallée-au-Blé](/wiki/La_Vall%C3%A9e-au-Bl%C3%A9 "La Vallée-au-Blé")
* [La Vallée-Mulâtre](/wiki/La_Vall%C3%A9e-Mul%C3%A2tre "La Vallée-Mulâtre")
* [Vallées-en-Champagne](/wiki/Vall%C3%A9es-en-Champagne "Vallées-en-Champagne")
* [Variscourt](/wiki/Variscourt "Variscourt")
* [Vassens](/wiki/Vassens "Vassens")
* [Vasseny](/wiki/Vasseny "Vasseny")
* [Vassogne](/wiki/Vassogne "Vassogne")
* [Vaucelles-et-Beffecourt](/wiki/Vaucelles-et-Beffecourt "Vaucelles-et-Beffecourt")
* [Vaudesson](/wiki/Vaudesson "Vaudesson")
* [Vauxaillon](/wiki/Vauxaillon "Vauxaillon")
* [Vaux-Andigny](/wiki/Vaux-Andigny "Vaux-Andigny")
* [Vauxbuin](/wiki/Vauxbuin "Vauxbuin")
* [Vaux-en-Vermandois](/wiki/Vaux-en-Vermandois "Vaux-en-Vermandois")
* [Vauxrezis](/wiki/Vauxrezis "Vauxrezis")
* [Vauxtin](/wiki/Vauxtin "Vauxtin")
* [Vendelles](/wiki/Vendelles "Vendelles")
* [Vendeuil](/wiki/Vendeuil "Vendeuil")
* [Vendhuile](/wiki/Vendhuile "Vendhuile")
* [Vendières](/wiki/Vendi%C3%A8res "Vendières")
* [Vendresse-Beaulne](/wiki/Vendresse-Beaulne "Vendresse-Beaulne")
* [Vénérolles](/wiki/V%C3%A9n%C3%A9rolles "Vénérolles")
* [Venizel](/wiki/Venizel "Venizel")
* [Verdilly](/wiki/Verdilly "Verdilly")
* [Le Verguier](/wiki/Le_Verguier "Le Verguier")
* [Vermand](/wiki/Vermand "Vermand")
* [Verneuil-sous-Coucy](/wiki/Verneuil-sous-Coucy "Verneuil-sous-Coucy")
* [Verneuil-sur-Serre](/wiki/Verneuil-sur-Serre "Verneuil-sur-Serre")
* [Versigny](/wiki/Versigny,_Aisne "Versigny, Aisne")
* [Vesles-et-Caumont](/wiki/Vesles-et-Caumont "Vesles-et-Caumont")
* [Veslud](/wiki/Veslud "Veslud")
* [Veuilly-la-Poterie](/wiki/Veuilly-la-Poterie "Veuilly-la-Poterie")
* [Vézaponin](/wiki/V%C3%A9zaponin "Vézaponin")
* [Vézilly](/wiki/V%C3%A9zilly "Vézilly")
* [Vichel-Nanteuil](/wiki/Vichel-Nanteuil "Vichel-Nanteuil")
* [Vic-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Vic-sur-Aisne "Vic-sur-Aisne")
* [Viel-Arcy](/wiki/Viel-Arcy "Viel-Arcy")
* [Viels-Maisons](/wiki/Viels-Maisons "Viels-Maisons")
* [Vierzy](/wiki/Vierzy "Vierzy")
* [Viffort](/wiki/Viffort "Viffort")
* [Vigneux-Hocquet](/wiki/Vigneux-Hocquet "Vigneux-Hocquet")
* [La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Dizy](/wiki/La_Ville-aux-Bois-l%C3%A8s-Dizy "La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Dizy")
* [La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Pontavert](/wiki/La_Ville-aux-Bois-l%C3%A8s-Pontavert "La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Pontavert")
* [Villemontoire](/wiki/Villemontoire "Villemontoire")
* [Villeneuve-Saint-Germain](/wiki/Villeneuve-Saint-Germain "Villeneuve-Saint-Germain")
* [Villeneuve-sur-Aisne](/wiki/Villeneuve-sur-Aisne "Villeneuve-sur-Aisne")
* [Villeneuve-sur-Fère](/wiki/Villeneuve-sur-F%C3%A8re "Villeneuve-sur-Fère")
* [Villequier-Aumont](/wiki/Villequier-Aumont "Villequier-Aumont")
* [Villeret](/wiki/Villeret,_Aisne "Villeret, Aisne")
* [Villers-Agron-Aiguizy](/wiki/Villers-Agron-Aiguizy "Villers-Agron-Aiguizy")
* [Villers-Cotterêts](/wiki/Villers-Cotter%C3%AAts "Villers-Cotterêts")
* [Villers-Hélon](/wiki/Villers-H%C3%A9lon "Villers-Hélon")
* [Villers-le-Sec](/wiki/Villers-le-Sec,_Aisne "Villers-le-Sec, Aisne")
* [Villers-lès-Guise](/wiki/Villers-l%C3%A8s-Guise "Villers-lès-Guise")
* [Villers-Saint-Christophe](/wiki/Villers-Saint-Christophe "Villers-Saint-Christophe")
* [Villers-sur-Fère](/wiki/Villers-sur-F%C3%A8re "Villers-sur-Fère")
* [Ville-Savoye](/wiki/Ville-Savoye "Ville-Savoye")
* [Villiers-Saint-Denis](/wiki/Villiers-Saint-Denis "Villiers-Saint-Denis")
* [Vincy-Reuil-et-Magny](/wiki/Vincy-Reuil-et-Magny "Vincy-Reuil-et-Magny")
* [Viry-Noureuil](/wiki/Viry-Noureuil "Viry-Noureuil")
* [Vivaise](/wiki/Vivaise "Vivaise")
* [Vivières](/wiki/Vivi%C3%A8res "Vivières")
* [Voharies](/wiki/Voharies "Voharies")
* [Vorges](/wiki/Vorges "Vorges")
* [Voulpaix](/wiki/Voulpaix "Voulpaix")
* [Voyenne](/wiki/Voyenne "Voyenne")
* [Vregny](/wiki/Vregny "Vregny")
* [Vuillery](/wiki/Vuillery "Vuillery")
* [Wassigny](/wiki/Wassigny "Wassigny")
* [Watigny](/wiki/Watigny "Watigny")
* [Wiège-Faty](/wiki/Wi%C3%A8ge-Faty "Wiège-Faty")
* [Wimy](/wiki/Wimy "Wimy")
* [Wissignicourt](/wiki/Wissignicourt "Wissignicourt")
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bagneux,_Aisne&action=edit)*. | Bagneux is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in the north of France. In 2012, 72 people lived there.
| * v
* t
* e
Communes of the Aisne department |
| --- |
| Prefecture |
* Laon
|
| Subprefectures |
* Château-Thierry
* Saint-Quentin
* Soissons
* Vervins
|
| Other |
* Abbécourt
* Achery
* Acy
* Agnicourt-et-Séchelles
* Aguilcourt
* Aisonville-et-Bernoville
* Aizelles
* Aizy-Jouy
* Alaincourt
* Allemant
* Ambleny
* Ambrief
* Amifontaine
* Amigny-Rouy
* Ancienville
* Andelain
* Anguilcourt-le-Sart
* Anizy-le-Grand
* Annois
* Any-Martin-Rieux
* Archon
* Arcy-Sainte-Restitue
* Armentières-sur-Ourcq
* Arrancy
* Artemps
* Assis-sur-Serre
* Athies-sous-Laon
* Attilly
* Aubencheul-aux-Bois
* Aubenton
* Aubigny-aux-Kaisnes
* Aubigny-en-Laonnois
* Audignicourt
* Audigny
* Augy
* Aulnois-sous-Laon
* Les Autels
* Autremencourt
* Autreppes
* Autreville
* Azy-sur-Marne
* Bagneux
* Bancigny
* Barenton-Bugny
* Barenton-Cel
* Barenton-sur-Serre
* Barisis-aux-Bois
* Barzy-en-Thiérache
* Barzy-sur-Marne
* Bassoles-Aulers
* Bazoches-sur-Vesles
* Beaumé
* Beaumont-en-Beine
* Beaurevoir
* Beaurieux
* Beautor
* Beauvois-en-Vermandois
* Becquigny
* Belleau
* Bellenglise
* Belleu
* Bellicourt
* Benay
* Bergues-sur-Sambre
* Berlancourt
* Berlise
* Bernot
* Berny-Rivière
* Berrieux
* Berry-au-Bac
* Bertaucourt-Epourdon
* Berthenicourt
* Bertricourt
* Berzy-le-Sec
* Besmé
* Besmont
* Besny-et-Loizy
* Béthancourt-en-Vaux
* Beugneux
* Beuvardes
* Bézu-le-Guéry
* Bézu-Saint-Germain
* Bichancourt
* Bieuxy
* Bièvres
* Billy-sur-Aisne
* Billy-sur-Ourcq
* Blanzy-lès-Fismes
* Blérancourt
* Blesmes
* Bohain-en-Vermandois
* Bois-lès-Pargny
* Boncourt
* Bonneil
* Bonnesvalyn
* Bony
* Bosmont-sur-Serre
* Bouconville-Vauclair
* Boué
* Bouffignereux
* Bouresches
* Bourg-et-Comin
* Bourguignon-sous-Coucy
* Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin
* La Bouteille
* Braine
* Brancourt-en-Laonnois
* Brancourt-le-Grand
* Brasles
* Braye
* Braye-en-Laonnois
* Braye-en-Thiérache
* Bray-Saint-Christophe
* Brécy
* Brenelle
* Breny
* Brie
* Brissay-Choigny
* Brissy-Hamégicourt
* Brumetz
* Brunehamel
* Bruyères-et-Montbérault
* Bruyères-sur-Fère
* Bruys
* Bucilly
* Bucy-le-Long
* Bucy-lès-Cerny
* Bucy-lès-Pierrepont
* Buire
* Buironfosse
* Burelles
* Bussiares
* Buzancy
* Caillouël-Crépigny
* Camelin
* La Capelle
* Castres
* Le Catelet
* Caulaincourt
* Caumont
* Celles-lès-Condé
* Celles-sur-Aisne
* Cerizy
* Cerny-en-Laonnois
* Cerny-lès-Bucy
* Cerseuil
* Cessières-Suzy
* Chacrise
* Chaillevois
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|
This short article about a place or feature in France can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
466,791 | Lynda_Bellingham | Lynda Bellingham | 7,547,160 | | Lynda Bellingham[OBE](/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire "Order of the British Empire") |
| --- |
| at the Barnardo’s Black Country Wheels Project, 2010 |
| Born | Meredith Lee Hughes(1948-05-31)31 May 1948[Montreal](/wiki/Montreal "Montreal"), [Quebec](/wiki/Quebec "Quebec"), [Canada](/wiki/Canada "Canada") |
| Died | 19 October 2014(2014-10-19) (aged 66)[London](/wiki/London "London"), [England](/wiki/England "England") |
| Cause of death | [Colon cancer](/wiki/Colon_cancer "Colon cancer") |
| Occupation | Broadcaster, actress, author |
| Years active | 1971–2014 |
| Spouse(s) | Greg Smith(m. 1975–1976; [divorced](/wiki/Divorce "Divorce"))Nunzio Peluzo(m. 1981–1996; divorced)Michael Pattemore(m. 2008–2014; her death) |
| Children | 2 |
| Website | [www.lyndabellingham.com](http://www.lyndabellingham.com) |
**Lynda Bellingham**, [OBE](/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire "Order of the British Empire") (born **Meredith Lee Hughes**; 31 May 1948 – 19 October 2014) was a [Canadian](/wiki/Canada "Canada")-born [English](/wiki/English_people "English people") actress, broadcaster and author. She played the role of the mother in the long-running series of "Oxo Family" British TV adverts between 1983 and 1999.
Bellingham died on 19 October 2014 from [colon cancer](/wiki/Colon_cancer "Colon cancer") in a London hospital, aged 66.[[1]](#cite_note-1)[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Richard Spillett, ["Actress Lynda Bellingham dies after losing her battle with cancer - just days after the tears and laughter of her final emotional TV appearance"](http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2799796/actress-lynda-bellingham-dies-husband-s-arms-bowel-cancer.html), Mail Online, 20 October 2014.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Lynda Bellingham: Actress And Presenter Dies"](http://news.sky.com/story/1356462/lynda-bellingham-tv-actress-and-presenter-dies), Sky News, 20 October 2014.
## Other websites
* [Official Lynda Bellingham website](http://www.lyndabellingham.com/)
* [Lynda Bellingham](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0069019/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
* [Lynda Bellingham recalls her appearance on *This Is Your Life*](http://www.bigredbook.info/lynda_bellingham.html)
* [Film producer Greg Smith has passed away, *Borehamwood Times*, 1 April 2009](http://www.borehamwoodtimes.co.uk/blog/paulburton/4252465)[*[permanent dead link](/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot "Wikipedia:Link rot")*]
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about an [actor](/wiki/Category:Actor_stubs "Category:Actor stubs") or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lynda_Bellingham&action=edit)*.
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1777179/)
* [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000119377121)
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/93086742)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2004111804/)
|
| National |
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/1048667545)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2004111804)
|
| People |
* [Trove](https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1039299)
| | | Lynda BellinghamOBE |
| --- |
| at the Barnardo’s Black Country Wheels Project, 2010 |
| Born | Meredith Lee Hughes(1948-05-31)31 May 1948Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Died | 19 October 2014(2014-10-19) (aged 66)London, England |
| Cause of death | Colon cancer |
| Occupation | Broadcaster, actress, author |
| Years active | 1971–2014 |
| Spouse(s) | Greg Smith(m. 1975–1976; divorced)Nunzio Peluzo(m. 1981–1996; divorced)Michael Pattemore(m. 2008–2014; her death) |
| Children | 2 |
| Website | www.lyndabellingham.com |
Lynda Bellingham, OBE (born Meredith Lee Hughes; 31 May 1948 – 19 October 2014) was a Canadian-born English actress, broadcaster and author. She played the role of the mother in the long-running series of "Oxo Family" British TV adverts between 1983 and 1999.
Bellingham died on 19 October 2014 from colon cancer in a London hospital, aged 66.[1][2]
References
↑ Richard Spillett, "Actress Lynda Bellingham dies after losing her battle with cancer - just days after the tears and laughter of her final emotional TV appearance", Mail Online, 20 October 2014.
↑ "Lynda Bellingham: Actress And Presenter Dies", Sky News, 20 October 2014.
Other websites
Official Lynda Bellingham website
Lynda Bellingham on IMDb
Lynda Bellingham recalls her appearance on This Is Your Life
Film producer Greg Smith has passed away, Borehamwood Times, 1 April 2009[permanent dead link]
This short article about an actor or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* FAST
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities
|
| National |
* Germany
* United States
|
| People |
* Trove
| |
535,091 | Haversian_canal | Haversian canal | 8,044,282 | Redirect to:
* [Bone#Osteons](/wiki/Bone#Osteons "Bone") | Redirect to:
Bone#Osteons
|
916,923 | Joshua_Bassett | Joshua Bassett | 9,155,518 | | Joshua Bassett |
| --- |
| Born | (2000-12-22) December 22, 2000 (age 22)[Oceanside, California](/wiki/Oceanside,_California "Oceanside, California"), U.S. |
| Occupation | * Actor
* singer-songwriter
|
| Years active | 2015–present |
| **Musical career** |
| Genres | [Folk-pop](/wiki/Folk-pop "Folk-pop") |
| Instruments | * Vocals
* guitar
* piano
|
| Labels | [Warner](/wiki/Warner_Records "Warner Records") |
| |
| Website | [www.joshuatbassett.com](https://www.joshuatbassett.com/) |
**Joshua Taylor Bassett** (born December 22, 2000)[[1]](#cite_note-1) is an American actor, singer and musician. He is known for his starring role as Ricky Bowen in *High School Musical: The Musical: The Series*.[[2]](#cite_note-variety-2)[[3]](#cite_note-deadline-3)[[4]](#cite_note-teenvogue-4)
In May 2021, he came out as a member of the [LGBTQ+](/wiki/LGBT "LGBT") community.[[5]](#cite_note-5)[[6]](#cite_note-:1-6)
In January 2021, Bassett was hospitalized with [septic shock](/wiki/Septic_shock "Septic shock") and [heart failure](/wiki/Heart_failure "Heart failure").[[6]](#cite_note-:1-6)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Hanson-Firestone, Dana (November 14, 2019). ["10 Things You Didn't Know About Joshua Bassett"](https://www.tvovermind.com/joshua-bassett/). *TVOvermind*. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-variety_2-0) Otterson, Joe (October 17, 2018). ["'High School Musical' Disney Streaming Series Casts Joshua Bassett in Lead Role"](https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/high-school-musical-the-musical-disney-streaming-series-joshua-bassett-1202983211/). *[Variety](/wiki/Variety_(magazine) "Variety (magazine)")*. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-deadline_3-0) Petski, Denise (October 17, 2018). ["'High School Musical': Joshua Bassett To Star In Disney Streaming Series Reboot"](https://deadline.com/2018/10/high-school-musical-the-musical-joshua-bassett-star-ricky-disney-series-1202484645/). *[Deadline Hollywood](/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood "Deadline Hollywood")*. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-teenvogue_4-0) Elizabeth, Devon (October 17, 2018). [""High School Musical: The Musical" Casts Joshua Bassett in Lead Role"](https://www.teenvogue.com/story/high-school-musical-the-musical-casts-joshua-bassett-lead-role). *Teen Vogue*. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) Milton, Josh (May 10, 2021). ["High School Musical star Joshua Bassett gushes over Harry Styles in 'coming out video'"](https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2021/05/10/joshua-bassett-coming-out-lgbt-queer-high-school-musical-harry-styles/). *PinkNews*. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
6. ↑ [6.0](#cite_ref-:1_6-0) [6.1](#cite_ref-:1_6-1) Bennett, Willa (2021-06-24). ["Joshua Bassett Wasn't Joking"](https://www.gq.com/story/joshua-bassett-profile). *GQ*. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
## Other websites
* [Joshua Bassett](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7481311/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about an [actor](/wiki/Category:American_actor_stubs "Category:American actor stubs") or group of actors from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Bassett&action=edit)*. | | Joshua Bassett |
| --- |
| Born | (2000-12-22) December 22, 2000 (age 22)Oceanside, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | * Actor
* singer-songwriter
|
| Years active | 2015–present |
| Musical career |
| Genres | Folk-pop |
| Instruments | * Vocals
* guitar
* piano
|
| Labels | Warner |
| |
| Website | www.joshuatbassett.com |
Joshua Taylor Bassett (born December 22, 2000)[1] is an American actor, singer and musician. He is known for his starring role as Ricky Bowen in High School Musical: The Musical: The Series.[2][3][4]
In May 2021, he came out as a member of the LGBTQ+ community.[5][6]
In January 2021, Bassett was hospitalized with septic shock and heart failure.[6]
References
↑ Hanson-Firestone, Dana (November 14, 2019). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Joshua Bassett". TVOvermind. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
↑ Otterson, Joe (October 17, 2018). "'High School Musical' Disney Streaming Series Casts Joshua Bassett in Lead Role". Variety. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
↑ Petski, Denise (October 17, 2018). "'High School Musical': Joshua Bassett To Star In Disney Streaming Series Reboot". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
↑ Elizabeth, Devon (October 17, 2018). ""High School Musical: The Musical" Casts Joshua Bassett in Lead Role". Teen Vogue. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
↑ Milton, Josh (May 10, 2021). "High School Musical star Joshua Bassett gushes over Harry Styles in 'coming out video'". PinkNews. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
↑ 6.0 6.1 Bennett, Willa (2021-06-24). "Joshua Bassett Wasn't Joking". GQ. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
Other websites
Joshua Bassett on IMDb
This short article about an actor or group of actors from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
107,624 | Beryl | Beryl | 5,651,129 | **Beryl** is a [cyclosilicate](/wiki/Silicate_mineral "Silicate mineral"), and is the second main ore of [beryllium](/wiki/Beryllium "Beryllium") metal. It is sometimes found as very, very large [crystals](/wiki/Crystal "Crystal"), as much as 18 m. (59 ft.) long. Colored clear beryl is often used for jewelry, including [emerald](/wiki/Emerald "Emerald") (green), [aquamarine](/wiki/Aquamarine "Aquamarine") (bluegreen), bixbite (red), morganite (pink), and heliodor (golden).
* Aquamarine
* Bixbite
* Emerald
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [science](/wiki/Category:Science_stubs "Category:Science stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beryl&action=edit)*. | Beryl is a cyclosilicate, and is the second main ore of beryllium metal. It is sometimes found as very, very large crystals, as much as 18 m. (59 ft.) long. Colored clear beryl is often used for jewelry, including emerald (green), aquamarine (bluegreen), bixbite (red), morganite (pink), and heliodor (golden).
Aquamarine
Bixbite
Emerald
This short article about science can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
769,431 | Bombshell_(2019_film) | Bombshell (2019 film) | 7,002,192 | Redirect to:
* [Bombshell (2019 movie)](/wiki/Bombshell_(2019_movie) "Bombshell (2019 movie)") | Redirect to:
Bombshell (2019 movie)
|
927,287 | Antonio_Delgado_(politician) | Antonio Delgado (politician) | 8,205,201 | Redirect to:
* [Antonio Delgado](/wiki/Antonio_Delgado "Antonio Delgado") | Redirect to:
Antonio Delgado
|
151,044 | Nouvelle-Ecosse | Nouvelle-Ecosse | 1,257,941 | Redirect to:
* [Nova Scotia](/wiki/Nova_Scotia "Nova Scotia") | Redirect to:
Nova Scotia
|
796,969 | Mabel_Ping-Hua_Lee | Mabel Ping-Hua Lee | 8,859,273 | | Mabel Ping-Hua Lee |
| --- |
| A young Mabel Lee during her time at Barnard College in the Chinese Student Monthly, 1915 |
| Born | October 7, 1897[Guangzhou](/wiki/Guangzhou "Guangzhou"), [Qing Empire](/wiki/Qing_dynasty "Qing dynasty") |
| Died | 1966New York |
| Education | Erasmus Hall High School; [Barnard College](/wiki/Barnard_College "Barnard College"); [Columbia University](/wiki/Columbia_University "Columbia University") |
| |
| |
| Chinese name |
| [Chinese](/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") | 李彬华[[1]](#cite_note-1) |
|
| Transcriptions |
| --- |
| [Standard Mandarin](/wiki/Standard_Chinese "Standard Chinese") |
| [Hanyu Pinyin](/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin "Hanyu Pinyin") | Lǐ Bīn Huá |
| [Yue: Cantonese](/wiki/Cantonese_language "Cantonese language") |
| [Jyutping](/wiki/Jyutping "Jyutping") | Lei5 Ban1 Waa4 |
|
| |
| |
**Mabel Ping-Hua Lee** (1896 –1966) was a Chinese-American woman. She worked hard for women [to get the right to vote](/wiki/Suffrage "Suffrage") in the [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"). She was a member of the Women's Political Equality League,[[2]](#cite_note-:42-2) She worked as the minister of the Chinese Baptist Mission".[[3]](#cite_note-:5-3) Lee was the head of the First Chinese Baptist Church in [New York](/wiki/New_York_City "New York City")'s Chinatown for more than 40 years. Lee was born in [China](/wiki/China "China") and lived in New York for most of her life. She studied at [Barnard College](/wiki/Barnard_College "Barnard College") and [Columbia University](/wiki/Columbia_University "Columbia University"). Lee earned a [PhD](/wiki/PhD "PhD") in [Economics](/wiki/Economics "Economics") from [Columbia University](/wiki/Columbia_University "Columbia University") in 1921, becoming the first Chinese woman in the United States to earn a PhD in Economics.[[4]](#cite_note-4)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["胡适心中的圣女"](http://mjlsh.usc.cuhk.edu.hk/book.aspx?cid=6&tid=157&pid=2905) (in Chinese). Chinese University of Hong Kong. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-:42_2-0) ["Beyond Suffrage: "Working Together, Working Apart" How Identity Shaped Suffragists' Politics"](https://www.mcny.org/lesson-plans/beyond-suffrage-working-together-working-apart-how-identity-shaped-suffragists). *Museum of the City of New York*. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-:5_3-0) Tseng, Timothy (2002). "Unbinding Their Souls: Chinese Protestant Women in Twentieth-Century America". In Bendroth, Margaret Lamberts; Brereton, Virginia Lieson (eds.). [*Women and Twentieth-Century Protestantism*](https://books.google.com/books?id=2oN8GAbroZcC&q=mabel+lee). University of Illinois Press. pp. 136–163. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9780252069987](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780252069987 "Special:BookSources/9780252069987").
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["How Columbia Suffragists Fought for the Right of Women to Vote"](https://magazine.columbia.edu/article/how-columbia-suffragists-fought-right-women-vote). *Columbia Magazine*. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
## Other websites
* ["Chinese Girl Wants Vote" - New York Tribune, April 13 1912](https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1912-04-13/ed-1/seq-3.pdf)
* ["The Economic History of China: With Special Reference to Agriculture" at Google Books](https://books.google.com/books?id=trzsAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP2)
* [Archival Photographs by Mabel Lee](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/155499629)
* ["Asian American Legacy: Dr. Mabel Lee" by Timothy Tseng](https://timtseng.net/2013/12/12/asian-american-legacy-dr-mabel-lee/)
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/000000008148641X)
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/69022703)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-69022703/)
|
| National |
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/172220572)
|
| Other |
* [SNAC](https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w676653r)
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/235867454)
| | | Mabel Ping-Hua Lee |
| --- |
| A young Mabel Lee during her time at Barnard College in the Chinese Student Monthly, 1915 |
| Born | October 7, 1897Guangzhou, Qing Empire |
| Died | 1966New York |
| Education | Erasmus Hall High School; Barnard College; Columbia University |
| |
| |
| Chinese name |
| Chinese | 李彬华[1] |
|
| Transcriptions |
| --- |
| Standard Mandarin |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Lǐ Bīn Huá |
| Yue: Cantonese |
| Jyutping | Lei5 Ban1 Waa4 |
|
| |
| |
Mabel Ping-Hua Lee (1896 –1966) was a Chinese-American woman. She worked hard for women to get the right to vote in the United States. She was a member of the Women's Political Equality League,[2] She worked as the minister of the Chinese Baptist Mission".[3] Lee was the head of the First Chinese Baptist Church in New York's Chinatown for more than 40 years. Lee was born in China and lived in New York for most of her life. She studied at Barnard College and Columbia University. Lee earned a PhD in Economics from Columbia University in 1921, becoming the first Chinese woman in the United States to earn a PhD in Economics.[4]
References
↑ "胡适心中的圣女" (in Chinese). Chinese University of Hong Kong. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
↑ "Beyond Suffrage: "Working Together, Working Apart" How Identity Shaped Suffragists' Politics". Museum of the City of New York. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
↑ Tseng, Timothy (2002). "Unbinding Their Souls: Chinese Protestant Women in Twentieth-Century America". In Bendroth, Margaret Lamberts; Brereton, Virginia Lieson (eds.). Women and Twentieth-Century Protestantism. University of Illinois Press. pp. 136–163. ISBN 9780252069987.
↑ "How Columbia Suffragists Fought for the Right of Women to Vote". Columbia Magazine. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
Other websites
"Chinese Girl Wants Vote" - New York Tribune, April 13 1912
"The Economic History of China: With Special Reference to Agriculture" at Google Books
Archival Photographs by Mabel Lee
"Asian American Legacy: Dr. Mabel Lee" by Timothy Tseng
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities
|
| National |
* Germany
|
| Other |
* SNAC
* IdRef
| |
448,339 | Grivița_Lake | Grivița Lake | 4,791,352 | **Grivița Lake** [Romanian](/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language"): *Lacul Grivița*) is a lake in [Bucharest](/wiki/Bucharest "Bucharest"), [Romania](/wiki/Romania "Romania") in Sector 1. It is between Străulești Lake and [Băneasa Lake](/wiki/B%C4%83neasa_Lake "Băneasa Lake"). Its [area](/wiki/Area "Area") is 53 hectares (130 acres). Its length is 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi). Its width is 50 to 500 metres (160 to 1,640 ft). Its depth is 1 to 4 metres (3 ft 3 in to 13 ft 1 in).
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature](/wiki/Category:Geography_stubs "Category:Geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grivi%C8%9Ba_Lake&action=edit)*.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [Europe](/wiki/Category:Europe_stubs "Category:Europe stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grivi%C8%9Ba_Lake&action=edit)*. | Grivița Lake Romanian: Lacul Grivița) is a lake in Bucharest, Romania in Sector 1. It is between Străulești Lake and Băneasa Lake. Its area is 53 hectares (130 acres). Its length is 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi). Its width is 50 to 500 metres (160 to 1,640 ft). Its depth is 1 to 4 metres (3 ft 3 in to 13 ft 1 in).
This short article about a place or feature can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
This short article about Europe can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
566,109 | Prince_Oscar,_Duke_of_Skåne | Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne | 9,200,853 | | Prince Oscar |
| --- |
| *[Duke of Scania](/wiki/Scania "Scania")* |
| Prince Oscar |
| Born | (2016-03-02) 2 March 2016 (age 7)Karolinska University Hospital, [Solna](/wiki/Solna_Municipality "Solna Municipality"), Sweden |
|
| Full name |
| --- |
| Oscar Carl Olof |
|
| [House](/wiki/Dynasty "Dynasty") | [Bernadotte](/wiki/House_of_Bernadotte "House of Bernadotte") |
| Father | [Daniel Westling](/wiki/Prince_Daniel,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterg%C3%B6tland "Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland") |
| Mother | [Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden](/wiki/Victoria,_Crown_Princess_of_Sweden "Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden") |
| Religion | [Church of Sweden](/wiki/Church_of_Sweden "Church of Sweden") |
**Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne** (Oscar Carl Olof; born 2 March 2016) is the second child and only son of [Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden](/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Sweden "Princess Victoria of Sweden"). His older sister is [Princess Estelle](/wiki/Princess_Estelle,_Duchess_of_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland "Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland").
## Titles and styles and Honors
* **2 March 2016 – present:** *His Royal Highness* Prince Oscar Carl Olof of Sweden, Duke of Skåne
* Honors
* Knight of the Order of Charles XIII (since birth, 2 March 2016)
* Knight and Commander of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (christening, 27 May 2016)
(Swedish: *Hans Kunglig Höghet Oscar, Prins av Sverige, Hertig av Skåne)*
| [Swedish royal family](/wiki/Swedish_royal_family "Swedish royal family") |
| --- |
| |
| **[HM The King](/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf_of_Sweden "Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden")**[HM The Queen](/wiki/Queen_Silvia_of_Sweden "Queen Silvia of Sweden")
* [HRH The Crown Princess](/wiki/Victoria,_Crown_Princess_of_Sweden "Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden")[HRH Prince Daniel](/wiki/Prince_Daniel,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterg%C3%B6tland "Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland")
+ [HRH Princess Estelle](/wiki/Princess_Estelle,_Duchess_of_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland "Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland")
+ HRH Prince Oscar
* [HRH Prince Carl Philip](/wiki/Prince_Carl_Philip,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4rmland "Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland")[HRH Princess Sofia](/wiki/Princess_Sofia,_Duchess_of_V%C3%A4rmland "Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland")
+ Prince Alexander
+ [Prince Gabriel](/wiki/Prince_Gabriel,_Duke_of_Dalarna "Prince Gabriel, Duke of Dalarna")
+ [Prince Julian](/wiki/Prince_Julian,_Duke_of_Halland "Prince Julian, Duke of Halland")
* [HRH Princess Madeleine](/wiki/Princess_Madeleine,_Duchess_of_H%C3%A4lsingland_and_G%C3%A4strikland "Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland")
+ [Princess Leonore](/wiki/Princess_Leonore,_Duchess_of_Gotland "Princess Leonore, Duchess of Gotland")
+ Prince Nicolas
+ [Princess Adrienne](/wiki/Princess_Adrienne,_Duchess_of_Blekinge "Princess Adrienne, Duchess of Blekinge")
[HRH Princess Birgitta](/wiki/Princess_Birgitta_of_Sweden "Princess Birgitta of Sweden")
---
[Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler](/wiki/Princess_Margaretha,_Mrs._Ambler "Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler")
[Princess Désirée, Baroness Silfverschiöld](/wiki/Princess_D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e,_Baroness_Silfverschi%C3%B6ld "Princess Désirée, Baroness Silfverschiöld")
[Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson](/wiki/Princess_Christina,_Mrs._Magnuson "Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson")
Marianne Bernadotte |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Swedish_Royal_Family "Template:Swedish Royal Family")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Swedish_Royal_Family&action=edit)
|
| * [v](/wiki/Template:House_of_Bernadotte "Template:House of Bernadotte")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:House_of_Bernadotte&action=edit)
[House of Bernadotte](/wiki/House_of_Bernadotte "House of Bernadotte") |
| --- |
|
| [Charles XIV John of Sweden / Charles III John of Norway](/wiki/Charles_XIV_John "Charles XIV John") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Spouses |
* Queen Désirée
|
| Children |
* [King Oscar I](/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden "Oscar I of Sweden")\*\*
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Josephine\*\*\*
|
|
|
|
| [Oscar I of Sweden and Norway](/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden "Oscar I of Sweden") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [King Charles XV & IV](/wiki/Charles_XV "Charles XV")\*\*
* Prince Gustaf\*\*
* [King Oscar II](/wiki/Oscar_II "Oscar II")\*\*
* Princess Eugenie\*\*
* Prince August\*\*
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Louise\*\*\*
* Queen Sophia\*\*\*
* Princess Therese\*\*\*
|
|
|
|
| [Charles XV of Sweden / Charles IV of Norway](/wiki/Charles_XV "Charles XV") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [Princess Louise](/wiki/Louise_of_Sweden "Louise of Sweden")\*\*
* Prince Carl Oscar\*\*
|
|
|
|
| [Oscar II of Sweden and Norway](/wiki/Oscar_II "Oscar II") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [King Gustaf V](/wiki/Gustaf_V "Gustaf V")\*\*
* Prince Oscar\*\* ^
* Prince Carl\*\*
* Prince Eugen\*\*
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Victoria\*\*\*
* Princess Ingeborg\*\*\*
|
| Grandchildren |
* Princess Margaretha\*\*
* [Princess Märtha](/wiki/Princess_M%C3%A4rtha_of_Sweden "Princess Märtha of Sweden")\*\*
* [Princess Astrid](/wiki/Astrid_of_Sweden "Astrid of Sweden")
* Prince Carl^
|
|
|
|
| [Gustaf V of Sweden](/wiki/Gustaf_V "Gustaf V") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [King Gustaf VI Adolf](/wiki/Gustaf_VI_Adolf "Gustaf VI Adolf")\*\*
* Prince Wilhelm\*\*
* Prince Erik\*\*
|
| Children's spouses |
* Crown Princess Margaret\*\*\*
* Queen Louise\*\*\*
* Princess Maria Pavlovna\*\*\*
|
| Grandchildren |
* Prince Lennart^
|
|
|
|
| [Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden](/wiki/Gustaf_VI_Adolf "Gustaf VI Adolf") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [Prince Gustaf Adolf](/wiki/Prince_Gustaf_Adolf,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterbotten "Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten")
* Prince Sigvard^
* [Princess Ingrid](/wiki/Ingrid_of_Sweden "Ingrid of Sweden")
* Prince Bertil
* Prince Carl Johan^
|
| Children's spouses |
* Princess Sibylla\*\*\*
* Princess Lilian\*\*\*
|
| Grandchildren |
* [Princess Margaretha](/wiki/Princess_Margaretha,_Mrs._Ambler "Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler")
* [Princess Birgitta](/wiki/Princess_Birgitta_of_Sweden "Princess Birgitta of Sweden")
* [Princess Désirée](/wiki/Princess_D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e,_Baroness_Silfverschi%C3%B6ld "Princess Désirée, Baroness Silfverschiöld")
* [Princess Christina](/wiki/Princess_Christina,_Mrs._Magnuson "Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson")
* [King Carl XVI Gustaf](/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf "Carl XVI Gustaf")
|
| Grandchildren's spouses |
* [Queen Silvia](/wiki/Queen_Silvia_of_Sweden "Queen Silvia of Sweden")
|
|
|
|
| [Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden](/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf "Carl XVI Gustaf") |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* [Crown Princess Victoria](/wiki/Victoria,_Crown_Princess_of_Sweden "Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden")
* [Prince Carl Philip](/wiki/Prince_Carl_Philip,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4rmland "Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland")
* [Princess Madeleine](/wiki/Princess_Madeleine,_Duchess_of_H%C3%A4lsingland_and_G%C3%A4strikland "Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland")
|
| Children's spouses |
* [Prince Daniel](/wiki/Prince_Daniel,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterg%C3%B6tland "Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland")\*\*\*
* [Princess Sofia](/wiki/Princess_Sofia,_Duchess_of_V%C3%A4rmland "Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland")\*\*\*
|
| Grandchildren |
* [Princess Estelle](/wiki/Princess_Estelle,_Duchess_of_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland "Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland")
* Prince Oscar
* Prince Alexander
* Prince Gabriel
* Prince Julian
* Princess Leonore
* Prince Nicolas
* Princess Adrienne
|
|
|
| *\*\*also prince/princess of Norway**^lost his title due to an unequal marriage**\*\*\*Prince/Princess of Sweden by marriage only* |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Swedish_princes "Template:Swedish princes")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Swedish_princes&action=edit)
[Swedish princes](/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden "Monarchy of Sweden") |
| --- |
| The generations show descent from [Gustav I](/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden "Gustav I of Sweden"), of the House of Vasa, and continues through the Houses of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, Holstein-Gottorp; and the [Bernadotte](/wiki/House_of_Bernadotte "House of Bernadotte"), the adoptive heirs of the House of Holstein-Gottorp, who were adoptive heirs of the Palatinate-Zweibrückens. |
| 1st generation |
* King Eric XIV
* King John III
* Prince Magnus, Duke of Östergötland
* King Charles IX
|
| 2nd generation |
* King Sigismund I
* Gustav, Prince of Uglich
* Prince John, Duke of Östergötland
* [King Gustav II Adolf](/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden "Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden")
* Prince Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland
*
|
| 3rd generation |
* King Władysław IV of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania[[2]](#endnote_2)
* King John II Casimir of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania[[2]](#endnote_2)
* Prince Alexander Charles[[2]](#endnote_2)
* John Albert, Prince-Bishop of Warmia and Kraków[[2]](#endnote_2)
* Prince Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Opole[[2]](#endnote_2)
|
| 4th generation |
* King Charles XI
|
| 5th generation |
* [King Charles XII](/wiki/Charles_XII_of_Sweden "Charles XII of Sweden")
* King Frederick I[[4]](#endnote_4)
|
| 6th generation |
* [King Adolf Frederick](/wiki/Adolf_Frederick_of_Sweden "Adolf Frederick of Sweden")[[4]](#endnote_4)
|
| 7th generation |
* [King Gustav III](/wiki/Gustav_III "Gustav III")
* [King Charles XIII](/wiki/Charles_XIII "Charles XIII")
* Prince Frederick Adolf, Duke of Östergötland
|
| 8th generation |
* [King Gustav IV Adolf](/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf "Gustav IV Adolf")
* Prince Carl Gustav, Duke of Småland
* Crown Prince Charles August[[4]](#endnote_4)
* [King Charles XIV John](/wiki/Charles_XIV_John "Charles XIV John")[[1]](#endnote_1)[[4]](#endnote_4)
|
| 9th generation |
* Crown Prince Gustav, Prince of Vasa
* [King Oscar I](/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden "Oscar I of Sweden")[[1]](#endnote_1)[[4]](#endnote_4)
|
| 10th generation |
* [King Charles XV](/wiki/Charles_XV "Charles XV")[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Gustaf, Duke of Uppland[[1]](#endnote_1)
* [King Oscar II](/wiki/Oscar_II "Oscar II")[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince August, Duke of Dalarna[[1]](#endnote_1)
|
| 11th generation |
* Prince Carl Oscar, Duke of Södermanland[[1]](#endnote_1)
* [King Gustaf V](/wiki/Gustaf_V "Gustaf V")[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Oscar, Duke of Gotland[[1]](#endnote_1)[[3]](#endnote_3)
* Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke[[1]](#endnote_1)
|
| 12th generation |
* [King Gustaf VI Adolf](/wiki/Gustaf_VI_Adolf "Gustaf VI Adolf")[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Erik, Duke of Västmanland[[1]](#endnote_1)
* Prince Carl, Duke of Östergötland[[3]](#endnote_3)
|
| 13th generation |
* [Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten](/wiki/Prince_Gustaf_Adolf,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterbotten "Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten")
* Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland[[3]](#endnote_3)
* Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland
* Prince Carl Johan, Duke of Dalarna[[3]](#endnote_3)
* Prince Lennart, Duke of Småland[[3]](#endnote_3)
|
| 14th generation |
* [King Carl XVI Gustaf](/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf "Carl XVI Gustaf")
|
| 15th generation |
* [Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland](/wiki/Prince_Carl_Philip,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4rmland "Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland")
* [Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland](/wiki/Prince_Daniel,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterg%C3%B6tland "Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland")[[4]](#endnote_4)
|
| 16th generation |
* Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne
* Prince Alexander, Duke of Södermanland
* Prince Gabriel, Duke of Dalarna
* Prince Julian, Duke of Halland
* Prince Nicolas, Duke of Ångermanland
|
| 1 *Also prince of Norway*2 *Also prince of Poland and Lithuania*3 *Lost his title because of an unequal marriage*4 *Not Swedish prince by birth, but created prince of Sweden* | | | Prince Oscar |
| --- |
| Duke of Scania |
| Prince Oscar |
| Born | (2016-03-02) 2 March 2016 (age 7)Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden |
|
| Full name |
| --- |
| Oscar Carl Olof |
|
| House | Bernadotte |
| Father | Daniel Westling |
| Mother | Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden |
| Religion | Church of Sweden |
Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne (Oscar Carl Olof; born 2 March 2016) is the second child and only son of Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden. His older sister is Princess Estelle.
Titles and styles and Honors
2 March 2016 – present: His Royal Highness Prince Oscar Carl Olof of Sweden, Duke of Skåne
Honors
Knight of the Order of Charles XIII (since birth, 2 March 2016)
Knight and Commander of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (christening, 27 May 2016)
(Swedish: Hans Kunglig Höghet Oscar, Prins av Sverige, Hertig av Skåne)
| Swedish royal family |
| --- |
| |
| HM The KingHM The Queen
* HRH The Crown PrincessHRH Prince Daniel
+ HRH Princess Estelle
+ HRH Prince Oscar
* HRH Prince Carl PhilipHRH Princess Sofia
+ Prince Alexander
+ Prince Gabriel
+ Prince Julian
* HRH Princess Madeleine
+ Princess Leonore
+ Prince Nicolas
+ Princess Adrienne
HRH Princess Birgitta
Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler
Princess Désirée, Baroness Silfverschiöld
Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson
Marianne Bernadotte |
| * v
* t
* e
|
| * v
* t
* e
House of Bernadotte |
| --- |
|
| Charles XIV John of Sweden / Charles III John of Norway |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Spouses |
* Queen Désirée
|
| Children |
* King Oscar I**
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Josephine***
|
|
|
|
| Oscar I of Sweden and Norway |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* King Charles XV & IV**
* Prince Gustaf**
* King Oscar II**
* Princess Eugenie**
* Prince August**
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Louise***
* Queen Sophia***
* Princess Therese***
|
|
|
|
| Charles XV of Sweden / Charles IV of Norway |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* Princess Louise**
* Prince Carl Oscar**
|
|
|
|
| Oscar II of Sweden and Norway |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* King Gustaf V**
* Prince Oscar** ^
* Prince Carl**
* Prince Eugen**
|
| Children's spouses |
* Queen Victoria***
* Princess Ingeborg***
|
| Grandchildren |
* Princess Margaretha**
* Princess Märtha**
* Princess Astrid
* Prince Carl^
|
|
|
|
| Gustaf V of Sweden |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* King Gustaf VI Adolf**
* Prince Wilhelm**
* Prince Erik**
|
| Children's spouses |
* Crown Princess Margaret***
* Queen Louise***
* Princess Maria Pavlovna***
|
| Grandchildren |
* Prince Lennart^
|
|
|
|
| Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* Prince Gustaf Adolf
* Prince Sigvard^
* Princess Ingrid
* Prince Bertil
* Prince Carl Johan^
|
| Children's spouses |
* Princess Sibylla***
* Princess Lilian***
|
| Grandchildren |
* Princess Margaretha
* Princess Birgitta
* Princess Désirée
* Princess Christina
* King Carl XVI Gustaf
|
| Grandchildren's spouses |
* Queen Silvia
|
|
|
|
| Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden |
| --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Children |
* Crown Princess Victoria
* Prince Carl Philip
* Princess Madeleine
|
| Children's spouses |
* Prince Daniel***
* Princess Sofia***
|
| Grandchildren |
* Princess Estelle
* Prince Oscar
* Prince Alexander
* Prince Gabriel
* Prince Julian
* Princess Leonore
* Prince Nicolas
* Princess Adrienne
|
|
|
| **also prince/princess of Norway^lost his title due to an unequal marriage***Prince/Princess of Sweden by marriage only |
| * v
* t
* e
Swedish princes |
| --- |
| The generations show descent from Gustav I, of the House of Vasa, and continues through the Houses of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, Holstein-Gottorp; and the Bernadotte, the adoptive heirs of the House of Holstein-Gottorp, who were adoptive heirs of the Palatinate-Zweibrückens. |
| 1st generation |
* King Eric XIV
* King John III
* Prince Magnus, Duke of Östergötland
* King Charles IX
|
| 2nd generation |
* King Sigismund I
* Gustav, Prince of Uglich
* Prince John, Duke of Östergötland
* King Gustav II Adolf
* Prince Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland
*
|
| 3rd generation |
* King Władysław IV of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania[2]
* King John II Casimir of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania[2]
* Prince Alexander Charles[2]
* John Albert, Prince-Bishop of Warmia and Kraków[2]
* Prince Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Opole[2]
|
| 4th generation |
* King Charles XI
|
| 5th generation |
* King Charles XII
* King Frederick I[4]
|
| 6th generation |
* King Adolf Frederick[4]
|
| 7th generation |
* King Gustav III
* King Charles XIII
* Prince Frederick Adolf, Duke of Östergötland
|
| 8th generation |
* King Gustav IV Adolf
* Prince Carl Gustav, Duke of Småland
* Crown Prince Charles August[4]
* King Charles XIV John[1][4]
|
| 9th generation |
* Crown Prince Gustav, Prince of Vasa
* King Oscar I[1][4]
|
| 10th generation |
* King Charles XV[1]
* Prince Gustaf, Duke of Uppland[1]
* King Oscar II[1]
* Prince August, Duke of Dalarna[1]
|
| 11th generation |
* Prince Carl Oscar, Duke of Södermanland[1]
* King Gustaf V[1]
* Prince Oscar, Duke of Gotland[1][3]
* Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland[1]
* Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke[1]
|
| 12th generation |
* King Gustaf VI Adolf[1]
* Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland[1]
* Prince Erik, Duke of Västmanland[1]
* Prince Carl, Duke of Östergötland[3]
|
| 13th generation |
* Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten
* Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland[3]
* Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland
* Prince Carl Johan, Duke of Dalarna[3]
* Prince Lennart, Duke of Småland[3]
|
| 14th generation |
* King Carl XVI Gustaf
|
| 15th generation |
* Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland
* Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland[4]
|
| 16th generation |
* Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne
* Prince Alexander, Duke of Södermanland
* Prince Gabriel, Duke of Dalarna
* Prince Julian, Duke of Halland
* Prince Nicolas, Duke of Ångermanland
|
| 1 Also prince of Norway2 Also prince of Poland and Lithuania3 Lost his title because of an unequal marriage4 Not Swedish prince by birth, but created prince of Sweden | |
530,769 | Everton_Weekes | Everton Weekes | 8,885,416 | Weekes in the 1940s
Sir **Everton DeCourcy Weekes**, [KCMG](/wiki/Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George "Order of St Michael and St George"), GCM, [OBE](/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire "Order of the British Empire") (26 February 1925 – 1 July 2020) was a [cricket](/wiki/Cricket "Cricket") player for the West Indies. Along with [Frank Worrell](/wiki/Frank_Worrell "Frank Worrell") and Clyde Walcott, he formed what was known as "The Three Ws" of West Indian cricket. He was born in [Saint Michael, Barbados](/wiki/Saint_Michael,_Barbados "Saint Michael, Barbados").
Weekes began his career in 1948. He scored 88 and 117 runs (retired) and was selected for the tour. He played his first match for Barbados on 24 February 1945. He was aged 19 years; it was one day before his 20th birthday. The match was against Trinidad and Tobago at Queen's Park Oval, [Port of Spain](/wiki/Port_of_Spain "Port of Spain"). Batting at number six, he scored 0 and eight runs. Barbados lost by ten wickets.[[1]](#cite_note-1) He retired in 1958.
Weekes died on 1 July 2020 in [Christ Church, Barbados](/wiki/Christ_Church,_Barbados "Christ Church, Barbados") at the age of 95.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) *Cricket Archive*, Trinidad v Barbados scorecard <http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Scorecards/17/17467.html> Accessed 24 April 2008.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Cricket legend Sir Everton passes"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200701184946/https://www.nationnews.com/nationnews/news/246443/cricket-legend-sir-everton-passes). Archived from [the original](https://www.nationnews.com/nationnews/news/246443/cricket-legend-sir-everton-passes) on 2020-07-01. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [sports person](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_stubs "Category:Sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Everton_Weekes&action=edit)*. | Weekes in the 1940s
Sir Everton DeCourcy Weekes, KCMG, GCM, OBE (26 February 1925 – 1 July 2020) was a cricket player for the West Indies. Along with Frank Worrell and Clyde Walcott, he formed what was known as "The Three Ws" of West Indian cricket. He was born in Saint Michael, Barbados.
Weekes began his career in 1948. He scored 88 and 117 runs (retired) and was selected for the tour. He played his first match for Barbados on 24 February 1945. He was aged 19 years; it was one day before his 20th birthday. The match was against Trinidad and Tobago at Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain. Batting at number six, he scored 0 and eight runs. Barbados lost by ten wickets.[1] He retired in 1958.
Weekes died on 1 July 2020 in Christ Church, Barbados at the age of 95.[2]
References
↑ Cricket Archive, Trinidad v Barbados scorecard http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Scorecards/17/17467.html Accessed 24 April 2008.
↑ "Cricket legend Sir Everton passes". Archived from the original on 2020-07-01. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
This short article about a sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
118,928 | Keerbergen | Keerbergen | 7,301,796 | **Keerbergen** is a [municipality](/wiki/Municipality "Municipality") in the [Belgian](/wiki/Belgium "Belgium") province of [Flemish Brabant](/wiki/Flemish_Brabant "Flemish Brabant").
In 2007, 12580 people lived there.[[1]](#cite_note-1)
It is at 51° 00 North, 04° 37 East.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Werkelijke bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2007 / Population de droit par commune au 1 janvier 2007 (.xls)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20081123144002/http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200701com.xls). Archived from [the original](http://statbel.fgov.be/downloads/pop200701com.xls) on 2008-11-23. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Geografische coördinaten van de gemeenten (.xls)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20040723190930/http://statbel.fgov.be/pub/d1/p120_nl.xls). Archived from [the original](http://statbel.fgov.be/pub/d1/p120_nl.xls) on 2004-07-23. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Flemish_Brabant "Template:Flemish Brabant")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Flemish_Brabant "Template talk:Flemish Brabant")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Flemish_Brabant&action=edit)
Municipalities of [Flemish Brabant](/wiki/Flemish_Brabant "Flemish Brabant") ([Flanders](/wiki/Flanders "Flanders")) |
| --- |
| Halle-Vilvoorde | [Affligem](/wiki/Affligem "Affligem") **·** [Asse](/wiki/Asse "Asse") **·** [Beersel](/wiki/Beersel "Beersel") **·** [Bever](/wiki/Bever,_Belgium "Bever, Belgium") **·** [Dilbeek](/wiki/Dilbeek "Dilbeek") **·** [Drogenbos](/wiki/Drogenbos "Drogenbos") **·** [Galmaarden](/wiki/Galmaarden "Galmaarden") **·** [Gooik](/wiki/Gooik "Gooik") **·** [Grimbergen](/wiki/Grimbergen "Grimbergen") **·** [Halle](/wiki/Halle,_Belgium "Halle, Belgium") **·** [Herne](/wiki/Herne,_Belgium "Herne, Belgium") **·** [Hoeilaart](/wiki/Hoeilaart "Hoeilaart") **·** [Kampenhout](/wiki/Kampenhout "Kampenhout") **·** [Kapelle-op-den-Bos](/wiki/Kapelle-op-den-Bos "Kapelle-op-den-Bos") **·** [Kraainem](/wiki/Kraainem "Kraainem") **·** [Lennik](/wiki/Lennik "Lennik") **·** [Liedekerke](/wiki/Liedekerke "Liedekerke") **·** [Linkebeek](/wiki/Linkebeek "Linkebeek") **·** [Londerzeel](/wiki/Londerzeel "Londerzeel") **·** [Machelen](/wiki/Machelen "Machelen") **·** [Meise](/wiki/Meise "Meise") **·** [Merchtem](/wiki/Merchtem "Merchtem") **·** [Opwijk](/wiki/Opwijk "Opwijk") **·** [Overijse](/wiki/Overijse "Overijse") **·** [Pepingen](/wiki/Pepingen "Pepingen") **·** [Roosdaal](/wiki/Roosdaal "Roosdaal") **·** [Sint-Genesius-Rode](/wiki/Sint-Genesius-Rode "Sint-Genesius-Rode") **·** [Sint-Pieters-Leeuw](/wiki/Sint-Pieters-Leeuw "Sint-Pieters-Leeuw") **·** [Steenokkerzeel](/wiki/Steenokkerzeel "Steenokkerzeel") **·** [Ternat](/wiki/Ternat "Ternat") **·** [Vilvoorde](/wiki/Vilvoorde "Vilvoorde") **·** [Wemmel](/wiki/Wemmel "Wemmel") **·** [Wezembeek-Oppem](/wiki/Wezembeek-Oppem "Wezembeek-Oppem") **·** [Zaventem](/wiki/Zaventem "Zaventem") **·** [Zemst](/wiki/Zemst "Zemst") |
| Leuven | [Aarschot](/wiki/Aarschot "Aarschot") **·** [Begijnendijk](/wiki/Begijnendijk "Begijnendijk") **·** [Bekkevoort](/wiki/Bekkevoort "Bekkevoort") **·** [Bertem](/wiki/Bertem "Bertem") **·** [Bierbeek](/wiki/Bierbeek "Bierbeek") **·** [Boortmeerbeek](/wiki/Boortmeerbeek "Boortmeerbeek") **·** [Boutersem](/wiki/Boutersem "Boutersem") **·** [Diest](/wiki/Diest "Diest") **·** [Geetbets](/wiki/Geetbets "Geetbets") **·** [Glabbeek](/wiki/Glabbeek "Glabbeek") **·** [Haacht](/wiki/Haacht "Haacht") **·** [Herent](/wiki/Herent "Herent") **·** [Hoegaarden](/wiki/Hoegaarden "Hoegaarden") **·** [Holsbeek](/wiki/Holsbeek "Holsbeek") **·** [Huldenberg](/wiki/Huldenberg "Huldenberg") **·** Keerbergen **·** [Kortenaken](/wiki/Kortenaken "Kortenaken") **·** [Kortenberg](/wiki/Kortenberg "Kortenberg") **·** [Landen](/wiki/Landen "Landen") **·** [Leuven](/wiki/Leuven "Leuven") **·** [Linter](/wiki/Linter "Linter") **·** [Lubbeek](/wiki/Lubbeek "Lubbeek") **·** [Oud-Heverlee](/wiki/Oud-Heverlee "Oud-Heverlee") **·** [Rotselaar](/wiki/Rotselaar "Rotselaar") **·** [Scherpenheuvel-Zichem](/wiki/Scherpenheuvel-Zichem "Scherpenheuvel-Zichem") **·** [Tervuren](/wiki/Tervuren "Tervuren") **·** [Tielt-Winge](/wiki/Tielt-Winge "Tielt-Winge") **·** [Tienen](/wiki/Tienen "Tienen") **·** [Tremelo](/wiki/Tremelo "Tremelo") **·** [Zoutleeuw](/wiki/Zoutleeuw "Zoutleeuw")
---
|
| [Belgium](/wiki/Belgium "Belgium") · [Regions and provinces](/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium "Provinces of Belgium") · [Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium "Municipalities of Belgium") |
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [Europe](/wiki/Category:Europe_stubs "Category:Europe stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keerbergen&action=edit)*. | Keerbergen is a municipality in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant.
In 2007, 12580 people lived there.[1]
It is at 51° 00 North, 04° 37 East.[2]
References
↑ "Werkelijke bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2007 / Population de droit par commune au 1 janvier 2007 (.xls)". Archived from the original on 2008-11-23. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
↑ "Geografische coördinaten van de gemeenten (.xls)". Archived from the original on 2004-07-23. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
| * v
* t
* e
Municipalities of Flemish Brabant (Flanders) |
| --- |
| Halle-Vilvoorde | Affligem · Asse · Beersel · Bever · Dilbeek · Drogenbos · Galmaarden · Gooik · Grimbergen · Halle · Herne · Hoeilaart · Kampenhout · Kapelle-op-den-Bos · Kraainem · Lennik · Liedekerke · Linkebeek · Londerzeel · Machelen · Meise · Merchtem · Opwijk · Overijse · Pepingen · Roosdaal · Sint-Genesius-Rode · Sint-Pieters-Leeuw · Steenokkerzeel · Ternat · Vilvoorde · Wemmel · Wezembeek-Oppem · Zaventem · Zemst |
| Leuven | Aarschot · Begijnendijk · Bekkevoort · Bertem · Bierbeek · Boortmeerbeek · Boutersem · Diest · Geetbets · Glabbeek · Haacht · Herent · Hoegaarden · Holsbeek · Huldenberg · Keerbergen · Kortenaken · Kortenberg · Landen · Leuven · Linter · Lubbeek · Oud-Heverlee · Rotselaar · Scherpenheuvel-Zichem · Tervuren · Tielt-Winge · Tienen · Tremelo · Zoutleeuw
|
| Belgium · Regions and provinces · Municipalities |
This short article about Europe can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
1,063,013 | Private_Eye | Private Eye | 9,198,770 | ***Private Eye*** is a British [fortnightly](/wiki/Fortnight "Fortnight") [satirical](/wiki/Satire "Satire") and [current affairs](/wiki/Current_affairs "Current affairs") news magazine. It started in 1961. It is published in London and has been edited by Ian Hislop since 1986. It is well known for its prominent criticism and lampooning of public figures. It is also has a lot of [investigative](/wiki/Investigative_reporters "Investigative reporters") journalism into under-reported [scandals](/wiki/Scandal "Scandal") and cover-ups.
It is Britain's best-selling current affairs magazine. Many of its long-running jokes have entered popular culture in the United Kingdom. It regularly published satirical pages under the title *Mrs Wilson's diary* in the 1960s when [Mrs Wilson](/wiki/Mary_Wilson,_Baroness_Wilson_of_Rievaulx "Mary Wilson, Baroness Wilson of Rievaulx") was living in [Downing Street](/wiki/Downing_Street "Downing Street") with [Harold Wilson](/wiki/Harold_Wilson "Harold Wilson"), the [Prime Minister](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom"). It was in the style of the BBC radio serial *Mrs Dale's Diary.* In 1969 it was made into a movie.[[1]](#cite_note-1) *Nooks and Corners* an [architectural](/wiki/Architectural_style "Architectural style") column, is severely critical of architectural vandalism and "barbarism". It was originally founded by [John Betjeman](/wiki/John_Betjeman "John Betjeman") in 1971.[[2]](#cite_note-2) *Pseuds Corner* is one of the longest running columns with pretentious quotations from all sorts of media.
It recorded its highest-ever circulation in the second half of 2016.[[3]](#cite_note-3) It is privately owned and highly profitable.
With a "deeply conservative resistance to change", it is only available printed on cheap paper, not online. It looks more like a [comic](/wiki/Comic_book "Comic book") rather than a serious magazine. Both its satire and investigative journalism have led to numerous [libel](/wiki/Libel "Libel") suits. The cover of the tenth anniversary issue in 1971 (number 257) showed a cartoon headstone inscribed with an extensive list of well-known names, and the [epitaph](/wiki/Epitaph "Epitaph"): "They did not sue in vain".[[4]](#cite_note-private-eye-4)
it often carries news that the [mainstream press](/wiki/Mainstream_media "Mainstream media") will not print for fear of [law suits](/wiki/Lawsuit "Lawsuit") or because the material is of minority interest. It is known for the use of [pseudonyms](/wiki/Pseudonyms "Pseudonyms") by the writers many of whom have been prominent in public life – this even extends to a fictional proprietor, Lord Gnome.[[5]](#cite_note-5)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Thomas-Symonds, Nick (2023). *Harold Wilson the winner*. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson. p. 201. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9781474611961](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781474611961 "Special:BookSources/9781474611961").
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["ANOTHER VISION OF BRITAIN » 13 Jan 1990 » The Spectator Archive"](http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/13th-january-1990/8/another-vision-of-britain). *The Spectator Archive*. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) Ponsford, Dominic (2017-02-09). ["Private Eye hits highest circulation in 55-year history 'which is quite something given that print is meant to be dead'"](https://pressgazette.co.uk/publishers/magazines/private-eye-hits-highest-circulation-in-55-year-history-which-is-quite-something-given-that-print-is-meant-to-be-dead/). *Press Gazette*. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-private-eye_4-0) ["Covers No. 257"](http://www.private-eye.co.uk/pictures/covers/full/257_big.jpg). *Private Eye*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081953/http://www.private-eye.co.uk/pictures/covers/full/257_big.jpg) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) Anthony, Andrew (2000-04-09). ["The laughing Gnome"](https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2000/apr/09/features.review7). *The Observer*. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0029-7712](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712). Retrieved 2023-11-18. | Private Eye is a British fortnightly satirical and current affairs news magazine. It started in 1961. It is published in London and has been edited by Ian Hislop since 1986. It is well known for its prominent criticism and lampooning of public figures. It is also has a lot of investigative journalism into under-reported scandals and cover-ups.
It is Britain's best-selling current affairs magazine. Many of its long-running jokes have entered popular culture in the United Kingdom. It regularly published satirical pages under the title Mrs Wilson's diary in the 1960s when Mrs Wilson was living in Downing Street with Harold Wilson, the Prime Minister. It was in the style of the BBC radio serial Mrs Dale's Diary. In 1969 it was made into a movie.[1] Nooks and Corners an architectural column, is severely critical of architectural vandalism and "barbarism". It was originally founded by John Betjeman in 1971.[2] Pseuds Corner is one of the longest running columns with pretentious quotations from all sorts of media.
It recorded its highest-ever circulation in the second half of 2016.[3] It is privately owned and highly profitable.
With a "deeply conservative resistance to change", it is only available printed on cheap paper, not online. It looks more like a comic rather than a serious magazine. Both its satire and investigative journalism have led to numerous libel suits. The cover of the tenth anniversary issue in 1971 (number 257) showed a cartoon headstone inscribed with an extensive list of well-known names, and the epitaph: "They did not sue in vain".[4]
it often carries news that the mainstream press will not print for fear of law suits or because the material is of minority interest. It is known for the use of pseudonyms by the writers many of whom have been prominent in public life – this even extends to a fictional proprietor, Lord Gnome.[5]
References
↑ Thomas-Symonds, Nick (2023). Harold Wilson the winner. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson. p. 201. ISBN 9781474611961.
↑ "ANOTHER VISION OF BRITAIN » 13 Jan 1990 » The Spectator Archive". The Spectator Archive. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
↑ Ponsford, Dominic (2017-02-09). "Private Eye hits highest circulation in 55-year history 'which is quite something given that print is meant to be dead'". Press Gazette. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
↑ "Covers No. 257". Private Eye. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
↑ Anthony, Andrew (2000-04-09). "The laughing Gnome". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
|
245,402 | Kohei_Masumoto | Kohei Masumoto | 4,645,099 | Kohei Masumoto| Personal information |
| --- |
| Full name |
Kohei Masumoto |
| Date of birth | (1982-07-11) 11 July 1982 (age 41) |
| Place of birth | [Kanagawa Prefecture](/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture "Kanagawa Prefecture"), [Japan](/wiki/Japan "Japan") |
| Height |
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) |
| Position(s) | [Striker](/wiki/Striker "Striker") (retired) |
| Senior career\* |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2005-2008 | [Tottori / Gainare Tottori](/wiki/Gainare_Tottori "Gainare Tottori") | | |
|
\* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only |
**Kohei Masumoto** (born [11 July](/wiki/11_July "11 July") [1982](/wiki/1982 "1982")) is a former [Japanese](/wiki/Japan "Japan") [football](/wiki/Association_football "Association football") player.
## Club career statistics
| Club statistics | League | Cup | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | League | [Emperor's Cup](/wiki/Emperor%27s_Cup "Emperor's Cup") | Total |
| 2005 | [Tottori](/wiki/Gainare_Tottori "Gainare Tottori") | [Football League](/wiki/Japan_Football_League "Japan Football League") | 26 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 28 | 15
|
| 2006 | 29 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 8
|
| 2007 | [Gainare Tottori](/wiki/Gainare_Tottori "Gainare Tottori") | [Football League](/wiki/Japan_Football_League "Japan Football League") | 29 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 2
|
| 2008 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0
|
| Country | Japan
| 90 | 24 | 6 | 1 | 96 | 25
|
| Total
| 90 | 24 | 6 | 1 | 96 | 25
|
## References
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a Japanese [sports person](/wiki/Category:Japanese_sportspeople_stubs "Category:Japanese sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kohei_Masumoto&action=edit)*. | Kohei Masumoto| Personal information |
| --- |
| Full name |
Kohei Masumoto |
| Date of birth | (1982-07-11) 11 July 1982 (age 41) |
| Place of birth | Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan |
| Height |
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) |
| Position(s) | Striker (retired) |
| Senior career* |
| Years | Team | Apps | (Gls) |
| 2005-2008 | Tottori / Gainare Tottori | | |
|
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only |
Kohei Masumoto (born 11 July 1982) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
| Club statistics | League | Cup | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | League | Emperor's Cup | Total |
| 2005 | Tottori | Football League | 26 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 28 | 15
|
| 2006 | 29 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 8
|
| 2007 | Gainare Tottori | Football League | 29 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 2
|
| 2008 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0
|
| Country | Japan
| 90 | 24 | 6 | 1 | 96 | 25
|
| Total
| 90 | 24 | 6 | 1 | 96 | 25
|
References
This short article about a Japanese sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
106,936 | Eurovision_Song_Contest_2008 | Eurovision Song Contest 2008 | 8,814,061 | This map shows the placement of the participating countries. Russia, in blue, won.
**The Eurovision Song Contest 2008** was a talent contest hosted in [Belgrade](/wiki/Belgrade "Belgrade"), [Serbia](/wiki/Serbia "Serbia"). It was won by [Dima Bilan](/wiki/Dima_Bilan "Dima Bilan") of [Russia](/wiki/Russia "Russia"), singing the song "Believe". It was a big [television](/wiki/Television "Television") event, watched by 250 million people around the world.
In 2008 the contest was split into two semifinals, with 19 countries in each semifinal. The first semifinal was held on May 20, second semifinal on May 22, and the final on May 24.
## Semi-finals
### Semi-final 1
* The first semi-final round was held on 20 May 2008
* the color peach shows which countries qualified for the final
* [Flax](/wiki/Flax_(color) "Flax (color)") shows the entry chosen by the jury to go to the final
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[[1]](#cite_note-Languages-1) | Points
| Place[[2]](#cite_note-2) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Montenegro | Stefan Filipović | "Zauvijek volim te" (Заувијек волим те) | [Montenegrin](/wiki/Montenegrin_language "Montenegrin language") | 23
| 14
|
| 2
| Israel | [Boaz](/wiki/Boaz_Ma%27uda "Boaz Ma'uda") | "The Fire in Your Eyes"
| [Hebrew](/wiki/Hebrew_language "Hebrew language") | 104
| 5
|
| 3
| Estonia | Kreisiraadio | "Leto svet"
| [Serbian](/wiki/Serbian_language "Serbian language"), [German](/wiki/German_language "German language"), [Finnish](/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") | 8
| 18
|
| 4
| Moldova | Geta Burlacu | "A Century of Love"
| English
| 36
| 12
|
| 5
| San Marino | Miodio | "Complice"
| [Italian](/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") | 5
| 19
|
| 6
| Belgium | Ishtar | "O Julissi"
| [Imaginary](/wiki/Constructed_language "Constructed language") | 16
| 17
|
| 7
| Azerbaijan | Elnur and Samir | "Day After Day"
| English
| 96
| 6
|
| 8
| Slovenia | [Rebeka Dremelj](/wiki/Rebeka_Dremelj "Rebeka Dremelj") | "Vrag naj vzame"
| [Slovene](/wiki/Slovene_language "Slovene language") | 36
| 11
|
| 9
| Norway | Maria | "Hold On Be Strong"
| English
| 106
| 4
|
| 10
| Poland | Isis Gee | "For Life"
| English
| 42
| 10 ‡ |
| 11
| Ireland | Dustin the Turkey | "Irelande Douze Pointe"
| English
| 22
| 15
|
| 12
| Andorra | Gisela | "Casanova"
| English
| 22
| 16
|
| 13
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Laka | "Pokušaj"
| [Bosnian](/wiki/Bosnian_language "Bosnian language") | 72
| 9
|
| 14
| Armenia | Sirusho | "Qélé, Qélé" (Քելե Քելե) | English, [Armenian](/wiki/Armenian_Language "Armenian Language") | 139
| 2
|
| 15
| Netherlands | Hind | "Your Heart Belongs to Me"
| English
| 27
| 13
|
| 16
| Finland | Teräsbetoni | "Missä miehet ratsastaa"
| [Finnish](/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") | 79
| 8
|
| 17
| Romania | Nico and Vlad | "Pe-o margine de lume"
| [Romanian](/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language"), Italian
| 94
| 7
|
| 18
| Russia | [Dima Bilan](/wiki/Dima_Bilan "Dima Bilan") | "Believe"
| English
| 135
| 3
|
| 19
| Greece | Kalomira | "Secret Combination"
| English
| 156
| 1
|
### Semi-final 2
* The second semi-final round was held on 22 May 2008
* the color peach shows which countries qualified for the final
* [Flax](/wiki/Flax_(color) "Flax (color)") shows the entry chosen by the jury to go to the final
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[[1]](#cite_note-Languages-1) | Points
| Place[[3]](#cite_note-3) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Iceland | Euroband | "This Is My Life"
| English
| 68
| 8
|
| 2
| Sweden | [Charlotte Perrelli](/wiki/Charlotte_Perrelli "Charlotte Perrelli") | "Hero"
| English
| 54
| 12 ‡ |
| 3
| Turkey | Mor ve Ötesi | "Deli"
| [Turkish](/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language") | 85
| 7
|
| 4
| Ukraine | Ani Lorak | "Shady Lady"
| English
| 152
| 1
|
| 5
| Lithuania | Jeronimas Milius | "Nomads in the Night"
| English
| 30
| 16
|
| 6
| Albania | Olta Boka | "Zemrën e lamë peng"
| [Albanian](/wiki/Albanian_language "Albanian language") | 67
| 9
|
| 7
| Switzerland | Paolo Meneguzzi | "Era stupendo"
| [Italian](/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") | 47
| 13
|
| 8
| Czech Republic | Tereza Kerndlová | "Have Some Fun"
| English
| 9
| 18
|
| 9
| Belarus | Ruslan Alehno | "Hasta la vista"
| English
| 27
| 17
|
| 10
| Latvia | Pirates of the Sea | "Wolves of the Sea"
| English
| 86
| 6
|
| 11
| Croatia | Kraljevi ulice and 75 Cents | "Romanca"
| [Croatian](/wiki/Croatian_language "Croatian language") | 112
| 4
|
| 12
| Bulgaria | Deep Zone and Balthazar | "DJ, Take Me Away"
| English
| 56
| 11
|
| 13
| Denmark | Simon Mathew | "All Night Long"
| English
| 112
| 3
|
| 14
| Georgia | Diana Gurtskaya | "Peace Will Come"
| English
| 107
| 5
|
| 15
| Hungary | Csézy | "Candlelight"
| English, [Hungarian](/wiki/Hungarian_language "Hungarian language") | 6
| 19
|
| 16
| Malta | Morena | "Vodka"
| English
| 38
| 14
|
| 17
| Cyprus | Evdokia Kadi | "Femme Fatale"
| [Greek](/wiki/Greek_language "Greek language") | 36
| 15
|
| 18
| Macedonia | Tamara, Vrčak and Adrijan | "Let Me Love You"
| English
| 64
| 10
|
| 19
| Portugal | Vânia Fernandes | "Senhora do mar (Negras águas)"
| [Portuguese](/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") | 120
| 2
|
## Final
The final was held on [24 May](/wiki/24_May "24 May") [2008](/wiki/2008 "2008").
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[[1]](#cite_note-Languages-1) | Points
| Place[[4]](#cite_note-4) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Romania | Nico and Vlad | "Pe-o margine de lume"
| [Romanian](/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language"), [Italian](/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") | 45
| 20
|
| 2
| United Kingdom | [Andy Abraham](/wiki/Andy_Abraham "Andy Abraham") | "Even If"
| English
| 14
| 25
|
| 3
| Albania | Olta Boka | "Zemrën e lamë peng"
| [Albanian](/wiki/Albanian_language "Albanian language") | 55
| 17
|
| 4
| Germany | No Angels | "Disappear"
| English
| 14
| 23
|
| 5
| Armenia | Sirusho | "Qélé, Qélé" (Քելե Քելե) | English, [Armenian](/wiki/Armenian_Language "Armenian Language") | 199
| 4
|
| 6
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Laka | "Pokušaj"
| [Bosnian](/wiki/Bosnian_language "Bosnian language") | 110
| 10
|
| 7
| Israel | [Boaz](/wiki/Boaz_Ma%27uda "Boaz Ma'uda") | "The Fire in Your Eyes"
| [Hebrew](/wiki/Hebrew_language "Hebrew language") | 124
| 9
|
| 8
| Finland | Teräsbetoni | "Missä miehet ratsastaa"
| [Finnish](/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") | 35
| 22
|
| 9
| Croatia | Kraljevi ulice and 75 Cents | "Romanca"
| [Croatian](/wiki/Croatian_language "Croatian language") | 44
| 21
|
| 10
| Poland | Isis Gee | "For Life"
| English
| 14
| 24
|
| 11
| Iceland | Euroband | "This Is My Life"
| English
| 64
| 14
|
| 12
| Turkey | Mor ve Ötesi | "Deli"
| [Turkish](/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language") | 138
| 7
|
| 13
| Portugal | Vânia Fernandes | "Senhora do mar (Negras águas)"
| [Portuguese](/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") | 69
| 13
|
| 14
| Latvia | Pirates of the Sea | "Wolves of the Sea"
| English
| 83
| 12
|
| 15
| Sweden | [Charlotte Perrelli](/wiki/Charlotte_Perrelli "Charlotte Perrelli") | "Hero"
| English
| 47
| 18
|
| 16
| Denmark | Simon Mathew | "All Night Long"
| English
| 60
| 15
|
| 17
| Georgia | Diana Gurtskaya | "Peace Will Come"
| English
| 83
| 11
|
| 18
| Ukraine | Ani Lorak | "Shady Lady"
| English
| 230
| 2
|
| 19
| France | Sébastien Tellier | "Divine"
| English
| 47
| 19
|
| 20
| Azerbaijan | Elnur and Samir | "Day After Day"
| English
| 132
| 8
|
| 21
| Greece | Kalomira | "Secret Combination"
| English
| 218
| 3
|
| 22
| Spain | Rodolfo Chikilicuatre | "Baila el Chiki Chiki"
| [Spanish](/wiki/Spanish_language "Spanish language"), English
| 55
| 16
|
| 23
| Serbia | Jelena Tomašević feat. Bora Dugić | "Oro" (Оро) | [Serbian](/wiki/Serbian_language "Serbian language") | 160
| 6
|
| 24
| Russia | [Dima Bilan](/wiki/Dima_Bilan "Dima Bilan") | "Believe"
| English
| 272
| 1
|
| 25
| Norway | Maria | "Hold On Be Strong"
| English
| 182
| 5
|
## Notes
1. ↑ [1.0](#cite_ref-Languages_1-0) [1.1](#cite_ref-Languages_1-1) [1.2](#cite_ref-Languages_1-2) ["Eurovision Song Contest 2008"](http://www.diggiloo.net/?2008). The Diggiloo Thrush. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["First Semi-Final of Belgrade 2008"](https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/first-semi-final). European Broadcasting Union. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210423172215/https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/first-semi-final) from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) ["Second Semi-Final of Belgrade 2008"](https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/second-semi-final). European Broadcasting Union. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210423172208/https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/second-semi-final) from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["Grand Final of Belgrade 2008"](https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/grand-final). European Broadcasting Union. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210423172152/https://eurovision.tv/event/belgrade-2008/grand-final) from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Eurovision_Song_Contest "Template:Eurovision Song Contest")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Eurovision_Song_Contest&action=edit)
[Eurovision Song Contest](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest "Eurovision Song Contest") |
| --- |
| [Contests](/wiki/List_of_entries_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest "List of entries in the Eurovision Song Contest") |
* [1956](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1956 "Eurovision Song Contest 1956")
* [1957](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1957 "Eurovision Song Contest 1957")
* [1958](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1958 "Eurovision Song Contest 1958")
* [1959](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1959 "Eurovision Song Contest 1959")
* 1960
* 1961
* 1962
* 1963
* 1964
* 1965
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969
* 1970
* 1971
* [1972](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1972 "Eurovision Song Contest 1972")
* 1973
* [1974](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1974 "Eurovision Song Contest 1974")
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979
* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989
* 1990
* 1991
* 1992
* [1993](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1993 "Eurovision Song Contest 1993")
* 1994
* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999
* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* [2006](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2006 "Eurovision Song Contest 2006")
* [2007](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2007 "Eurovision Song Contest 2007")
* 2008
* [2009](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2009 "Eurovision Song Contest 2009")
* [2010](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2010 "Eurovision Song Contest 2010")
* [2011](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2011 "Eurovision Song Contest 2011")
* [2012](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2012 "Eurovision Song Contest 2012")
* [2013](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013 "Eurovision Song Contest 2013")
* [2014](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2014 "Eurovision Song Contest 2014")
* [2015](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2015 "Eurovision Song Contest 2015")
* [2016](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2016 "Eurovision Song Contest 2016")
* [2017](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2017 "Eurovision Song Contest 2017")
* [2018](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2018 "Eurovision Song Contest 2018")
* [2019](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2019 "Eurovision Song Contest 2019")
* [2020](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2020 "Eurovision Song Contest 2020") ([Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light](/wiki/Eurovision:_Europe_Shine_a_Light "Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light"))
* [2021](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2021 "Eurovision Song Contest 2021")
* [2022](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022 "Eurovision Song Contest 2022")
* [2023](/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2023 "Eurovision Song Contest 2023")
|
|
* [Category](/wiki/Category:Eurovision_Song_Contest "Category:Eurovision Song Contest")
| | This map shows the placement of the participating countries. Russia, in blue, won.
The Eurovision Song Contest 2008 was a talent contest hosted in Belgrade, Serbia. It was won by Dima Bilan of Russia, singing the song "Believe". It was a big television event, watched by 250 million people around the world.
In 2008 the contest was split into two semifinals, with 19 countries in each semifinal. The first semifinal was held on May 20, second semifinal on May 22, and the final on May 24.
Semi-finals
Semi-final 1
The first semi-final round was held on 20 May 2008
the color peach shows which countries qualified for the final
Flax shows the entry chosen by the jury to go to the final
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[1] | Points
| Place[2] |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Montenegro | Stefan Filipović | "Zauvijek volim te" (Заувијек волим те) | Montenegrin | 23
| 14
|
| 2
| Israel | Boaz | "The Fire in Your Eyes"
| Hebrew | 104
| 5
|
| 3
| Estonia | Kreisiraadio | "Leto svet"
| Serbian, German, Finnish | 8
| 18
|
| 4
| Moldova | Geta Burlacu | "A Century of Love"
| English
| 36
| 12
|
| 5
| San Marino | Miodio | "Complice"
| Italian | 5
| 19
|
| 6
| Belgium | Ishtar | "O Julissi"
| Imaginary | 16
| 17
|
| 7
| Azerbaijan | Elnur and Samir | "Day After Day"
| English
| 96
| 6
|
| 8
| Slovenia | Rebeka Dremelj | "Vrag naj vzame"
| Slovene | 36
| 11
|
| 9
| Norway | Maria | "Hold On Be Strong"
| English
| 106
| 4
|
| 10
| Poland | Isis Gee | "For Life"
| English
| 42
| 10 ‡ |
| 11
| Ireland | Dustin the Turkey | "Irelande Douze Pointe"
| English
| 22
| 15
|
| 12
| Andorra | Gisela | "Casanova"
| English
| 22
| 16
|
| 13
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Laka | "Pokušaj"
| Bosnian | 72
| 9
|
| 14
| Armenia | Sirusho | "Qélé, Qélé" (Քելե Քելե) | English, Armenian | 139
| 2
|
| 15
| Netherlands | Hind | "Your Heart Belongs to Me"
| English
| 27
| 13
|
| 16
| Finland | Teräsbetoni | "Missä miehet ratsastaa"
| Finnish | 79
| 8
|
| 17
| Romania | Nico and Vlad | "Pe-o margine de lume"
| Romanian, Italian
| 94
| 7
|
| 18
| Russia | Dima Bilan | "Believe"
| English
| 135
| 3
|
| 19
| Greece | Kalomira | "Secret Combination"
| English
| 156
| 1
|
Semi-final 2
The second semi-final round was held on 22 May 2008
the color peach shows which countries qualified for the final
Flax shows the entry chosen by the jury to go to the final
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[1] | Points
| Place[3] |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Iceland | Euroband | "This Is My Life"
| English
| 68
| 8
|
| 2
| Sweden | Charlotte Perrelli | "Hero"
| English
| 54
| 12 ‡ |
| 3
| Turkey | Mor ve Ötesi | "Deli"
| Turkish | 85
| 7
|
| 4
| Ukraine | Ani Lorak | "Shady Lady"
| English
| 152
| 1
|
| 5
| Lithuania | Jeronimas Milius | "Nomads in the Night"
| English
| 30
| 16
|
| 6
| Albania | Olta Boka | "Zemrën e lamë peng"
| Albanian | 67
| 9
|
| 7
| Switzerland | Paolo Meneguzzi | "Era stupendo"
| Italian | 47
| 13
|
| 8
| Czech Republic | Tereza Kerndlová | "Have Some Fun"
| English
| 9
| 18
|
| 9
| Belarus | Ruslan Alehno | "Hasta la vista"
| English
| 27
| 17
|
| 10
| Latvia | Pirates of the Sea | "Wolves of the Sea"
| English
| 86
| 6
|
| 11
| Croatia | Kraljevi ulice and 75 Cents | "Romanca"
| Croatian | 112
| 4
|
| 12
| Bulgaria | Deep Zone and Balthazar | "DJ, Take Me Away"
| English
| 56
| 11
|
| 13
| Denmark | Simon Mathew | "All Night Long"
| English
| 112
| 3
|
| 14
| Georgia | Diana Gurtskaya | "Peace Will Come"
| English
| 107
| 5
|
| 15
| Hungary | Csézy | "Candlelight"
| English, Hungarian | 6
| 19
|
| 16
| Malta | Morena | "Vodka"
| English
| 38
| 14
|
| 17
| Cyprus | Evdokia Kadi | "Femme Fatale"
| Greek | 36
| 15
|
| 18
| Macedonia | Tamara, Vrčak and Adrijan | "Let Me Love You"
| English
| 64
| 10
|
| 19
| Portugal | Vânia Fernandes | "Senhora do mar (Negras águas)"
| Portuguese | 120
| 2
|
Final
The final was held on 24 May 2008.
| R/O | Country
| Artist
| Song
| Language[1] | Points
| Place[4] |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1
| Romania | Nico and Vlad | "Pe-o margine de lume"
| Romanian, Italian | 45
| 20
|
| 2
| United Kingdom | Andy Abraham | "Even If"
| English
| 14
| 25
|
| 3
| Albania | Olta Boka | "Zemrën e lamë peng"
| Albanian | 55
| 17
|
| 4
| Germany | No Angels | "Disappear"
| English
| 14
| 23
|
| 5
| Armenia | Sirusho | "Qélé, Qélé" (Քելե Քելե) | English, Armenian | 199
| 4
|
| 6
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Laka | "Pokušaj"
| Bosnian | 110
| 10
|
| 7
| Israel | Boaz | "The Fire in Your Eyes"
| Hebrew | 124
| 9
|
| 8
| Finland | Teräsbetoni | "Missä miehet ratsastaa"
| Finnish | 35
| 22
|
| 9
| Croatia | Kraljevi ulice and 75 Cents | "Romanca"
| Croatian | 44
| 21
|
| 10
| Poland | Isis Gee | "For Life"
| English
| 14
| 24
|
| 11
| Iceland | Euroband | "This Is My Life"
| English
| 64
| 14
|
| 12
| Turkey | Mor ve Ötesi | "Deli"
| Turkish | 138
| 7
|
| 13
| Portugal | Vânia Fernandes | "Senhora do mar (Negras águas)"
| Portuguese | 69
| 13
|
| 14
| Latvia | Pirates of the Sea | "Wolves of the Sea"
| English
| 83
| 12
|
| 15
| Sweden | Charlotte Perrelli | "Hero"
| English
| 47
| 18
|
| 16
| Denmark | Simon Mathew | "All Night Long"
| English
| 60
| 15
|
| 17
| Georgia | Diana Gurtskaya | "Peace Will Come"
| English
| 83
| 11
|
| 18
| Ukraine | Ani Lorak | "Shady Lady"
| English
| 230
| 2
|
| 19
| France | Sébastien Tellier | "Divine"
| English
| 47
| 19
|
| 20
| Azerbaijan | Elnur and Samir | "Day After Day"
| English
| 132
| 8
|
| 21
| Greece | Kalomira | "Secret Combination"
| English
| 218
| 3
|
| 22
| Spain | Rodolfo Chikilicuatre | "Baila el Chiki Chiki"
| Spanish, English
| 55
| 16
|
| 23
| Serbia | Jelena Tomašević feat. Bora Dugić | "Oro" (Оро) | Serbian | 160
| 6
|
| 24
| Russia | Dima Bilan | "Believe"
| English
| 272
| 1
|
| 25
| Norway | Maria | "Hold On Be Strong"
| English
| 182
| 5
|
Notes
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Eurovision Song Contest 2008". The Diggiloo Thrush. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
↑ "First Semi-Final of Belgrade 2008". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
↑ "Second Semi-Final of Belgrade 2008". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
↑ "Grand Final of Belgrade 2008". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
| * v
* t
* e
Eurovision Song Contest |
| --- |
| Contests |
* 1956
* 1957
* 1958
* 1959
* 1960
* 1961
* 1962
* 1963
* 1964
* 1965
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969
* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979
* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989
* 1990
* 1991
* 1992
* 1993
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* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018
* 2019
* 2020 (Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light)
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
|
|
* Category
| |
316,302 | Viveiro | Viveiro | 9,066,730 | | Viveiro |
| --- |
| [Municipality](/wiki/Municipalities_of_Spain "Municipalities of Spain") |
| Church of St. Francis |
|
FlagCoat of arms |
| Coordinates: [43°38′53″N 7°35′24″W / 43.64806°N 7.59000°W / 43.64806; -7.59000](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Viveiro¶ms=43_38_53_N_7_35_24_W_region:ES-CT_type:city) |
| [Country](/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states "List of sovereign states") | [Spain](/wiki/Spain "Spain") |
| [Community](/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain "Autonomous communities of Spain") | [Galicia](/wiki/Galicia,_Spain "Galicia, Spain") |
| [Province](/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain "Provinces of Spain") | [Lugo](/wiki/Province_of_Lugo "Province of Lugo") |
| [Comarca](/wiki/Comarca "Comarca") | Mariña Occidental |
| Government |
| • Mayor | Melchor Roel Rivas |
| Area |
| • Total | 109.3 km2 (42.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 12 m (39 ft) |
| Population (2010) |
| • Total | 16,211 |
| • Density | 150/km2 (380/sq mi) |
| [Demonym](/wiki/Demonym "Demonym") | Viveirenses |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC+1](/wiki/UTC%2B1 "UTC+1") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC+2](/wiki/UTC%2B2 "UTC+2") ([CEST](/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time "Central European Summer Time")) |
| Postal code | 27850 |
| Website | [Official website](http://www.viveiro.es) |
**Viveiro** (sometimes called **Vivero**) is a [town](/wiki/Town "Town") and [municipality](/wiki/Municipality "Municipality"). It is in the [province of Lugo](/wiki/Province_of_Lugo "Province of Lugo"). Lugo is in the northwestern part of [Galicia](/wiki/Galicia_(Spain) "Galicia (Spain)"), [Spain](/wiki/Spain "Spain"). As of 2010, over 16,000 people live in Viveiro.
## Festivities
The calendar of Viveiro holds several festivals, both religious and not.
### Carnival
Viveiro has the oldest Carnival in Galicia. It is celebrated during the four days before [Lent](/wiki/Lent "Lent"), from Saturday until [Shrove Tuesday](/wiki/Shrove_Tuesday "Shrove Tuesday"). It finishes on Tuesday with many floats travelling through the streets.
### Saint James' day
Viveiro celebrates the St. James' Day Battle on July 25 at the Port of Celeiro. It has [marines](/wiki/Marine_(military) "Marine (military)") moving through the [estuary](/wiki/Estuary "Estuary") of Viveiro in a well organised and orderly way, similar to a [march](/wiki/Marching_band "Marching band").
## Twinned towns
* [Lannion](/wiki/Lannion "Lannion"), [France](/wiki/France "France")
* Old Havana, [Cuba](/wiki/Cuba "Cuba")
* [Perth](/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia "Perth, Western Australia"), [Australia](/wiki/Australia "Australia")
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Viveiro](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viveiro "commons:Category:Viveiro")***.
* [Ferrol-San Cibrao Port Authority](http://www.porto-ferrolsanciprian.com/asp/index.asp?idIdioma=3) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20060926035731/http://www.porto-ferrolsanciprian.com/asp/index.asp?idIdioma=3) 2006-09-26 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (in English) | | Viveiro |
| --- |
| Municipality |
| Church of St. Francis |
|
FlagCoat of arms |
| Coordinates: 43°38′53″N 7°35′24″W / 43.64806°N 7.59000°W / 43.64806; -7.59000 |
| Country | Spain |
| Community | Galicia |
| Province | Lugo |
| Comarca | Mariña Occidental |
| Government |
| • Mayor | Melchor Roel Rivas |
| Area |
| • Total | 109.3 km2 (42.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 12 m (39 ft) |
| Population (2010) |
| • Total | 16,211 |
| • Density | 150/km2 (380/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Viveirenses |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 27850 |
| Website | Official website |
Viveiro (sometimes called Vivero) is a town and municipality. It is in the province of Lugo. Lugo is in the northwestern part of Galicia, Spain. As of 2010, over 16,000 people live in Viveiro.
Festivities
The calendar of Viveiro holds several festivals, both religious and not.
Carnival
Viveiro has the oldest Carnival in Galicia. It is celebrated during the four days before Lent, from Saturday until Shrove Tuesday. It finishes on Tuesday with many floats travelling through the streets.
Saint James' day
Viveiro celebrates the St. James' Day Battle on July 25 at the Port of Celeiro. It has marines moving through the estuary of Viveiro in a well organised and orderly way, similar to a march.
Twinned towns
Lannion, France
Old Havana, Cuba
Perth, Australia
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Viveiro.
Ferrol-San Cibrao Port Authority Archived 2006-09-26 at the Wayback Machine (in English)
|
759,087 | The_Yellow_Balloon_(movie) | The Yellow Balloon (movie) | 7,379,166 | ***The Yellow Balloon*** is a 1953 British drama movie directed by [J. Lee Thompson](/wiki/J._Lee_Thompson "J. Lee Thompson") and starring Kathleen Ryan, Andrew Ray, [Kenneth More](/wiki/Kenneth_More "Kenneth More"), Bernard Lee, Sid James, Marjorie Rhodes, William Sylvester, Veronica Hurst. It was distributed by Associated British Picture Corporation.
## Other websites
* [*The Yellow Balloon*](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046561/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [movies](/wiki/Category:Movie_stubs "Category:Movie stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Yellow_Balloon_(movie)&action=edit)*. | The Yellow Balloon is a 1953 British drama movie directed by J. Lee Thompson and starring Kathleen Ryan, Andrew Ray, Kenneth More, Bernard Lee, Sid James, Marjorie Rhodes, William Sylvester, Veronica Hurst. It was distributed by Associated British Picture Corporation.
Other websites
The Yellow Balloon on IMDb
This short article about movies can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
792,183 | Irwinton,_Georgia | Irwinton, Georgia | 7,606,106 | **Irwinton** is a [city](/wiki/City "City") in the [U.S. state](/wiki/U.S._state "U.S. state") of [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state) "Georgia (U.S. state)"). It is the [county seat](/wiki/County_seat "County seat") of [Wilkinson County](/wiki/Wilkinson_County,_Georgia "Wilkinson County, Georgia").
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in the United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_geography_stubs "Category:United States geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irwinton,_Georgia&action=edit)*. | Irwinton is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Wilkinson County.
This short article about a place or feature in the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
340,562 | Khenchela_Province | Khenchela Province | 8,518,430 | | Khenchela Province
ولاية خنشلة |
| --- |
| [Province](/wiki/Provinces_of_Algeria "Provinces of Algeria") |
| Map of Algeria highlighting Khenchela |
| Coordinates: [35°26′02″N 7°08′49″E / 35.434°N 7.147°E / 35.434; 7.147](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Khenchela_Province¶ms=35.434_N_7.147_E_region:DZ-40_type:adm1st)[Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [35°26′02″N 7°08′49″E / 35.434°N 7.147°E / 35.434; 7.147](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Khenchela_Province¶ms=35.434_N_7.147_E_region:DZ-40_type:adm1st) |
| [Country](/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states "List of sovereign states") | [Algeria](/wiki/Algeria "Algeria") |
| [Capital](/wiki/Capital_(political) "Capital (political)") | Khenchela |
| Area |
| • Total | 9,811 km2 (3,788 sq mi) |
| Population (2008)[[1]](#cite_note-Alg2008RGPH-1) |
| • Total | 384,268 |
| • Density | 39/km2 (100/sq mi) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC+01](/wiki/UTC%2B01 "UTC+01") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| [Area Code](/wiki/Area_Code "Area Code") | +213 (0) 032 |
| [ISO 3166 code](/wiki/ISO_3166 "ISO 3166") | [DZ-40](/wiki/ISO_3166-2:DZ "ISO 3166-2:DZ") |
| Districts | 8 |
| Municipalities | 21 |
**Khenchela Province** is a [province](/wiki/Province "Province") of [Algeria](/wiki/Algeria "Algeria"). The capital is Khenchela.
## Division
The province has 8 districts and 21 *communes* or municipalities.
### Districts
1. **Khenchela**, as a district and capital
2. Aïn Touila, 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeastern of capital
3. Babar, 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of capital
4. Bouhmama, 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of capital
5. Chechar, 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of capital
6. El Hamma, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of capital
7. Kaïs, 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of capital
8. Ouled Rechache, 22 km east of capital
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-Alg2008RGPH_1-0) [Office National des Statistiques, Recensement General de la Population et de l’Habitat 2008](http://rgph2008.ons.dz/resultat/histo.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080724130336/http://rgph2008.ons.dz/resultat/histo.htm) 2008-07-24 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") Preliminary results of the 2008 population census. Accessed on 2008-07-02.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature](/wiki/Category:Geography_stubs "Category:Geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khenchela_Province&action=edit)*. | | Khenchela Province
ولاية خنشلة |
| --- |
| Province |
| Map of Algeria highlighting Khenchela |
| Coordinates: 35°26′02″N 7°08′49″E / 35.434°N 7.147°E / 35.434; 7.147Coordinates: 35°26′02″N 7°08′49″E / 35.434°N 7.147°E / 35.434; 7.147 |
| Country | Algeria |
| Capital | Khenchela |
| Area |
| • Total | 9,811 km2 (3,788 sq mi) |
| Population (2008)[1] |
| • Total | 384,268 |
| • Density | 39/km2 (100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
| Area Code | +213 (0) 032 |
| ISO 3166 code | DZ-40 |
| Districts | 8 |
| Municipalities | 21 |
Khenchela Province is a province of Algeria. The capital is Khenchela.
Division
The province has 8 districts and 21 communes or municipalities.
Districts
Khenchela, as a district and capital
Aïn Touila, 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeastern of capital
Babar, 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of capital
Bouhmama, 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of capital
Chechar, 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of capital
El Hamma, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of capital
Kaïs, 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of capital
Ouled Rechache, 22 km east of capital
References
↑ Office National des Statistiques, Recensement General de la Population et de l’Habitat 2008 Archived 2008-07-24 at the Wayback Machine Preliminary results of the 2008 population census. Accessed on 2008-07-02.
This short article about a place or feature can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
1,048,343 | Laboratoire_aérodynamique_Eiffel | Laboratoire aérodynamique Eiffel | 9,080,607 | Redirect to:
* [Laboratoire Aerodynamique Eiffel](/wiki/Laboratoire_Aerodynamique_Eiffel "Laboratoire Aerodynamique Eiffel") | Redirect to:
Laboratoire Aerodynamique Eiffel
|
400,547 | Antonio_García_Martínez_(cyclist) | Antonio García Martínez (cyclist) | 9,141,931 | **Antonio Garcia Martinez** (born December 24, 1956 in [Sevilla](/wiki/Sevilla "Sevilla")) is a [cyclist](/wiki/Bicycle "Bicycle") from [Spain](/wiki/Spain "Spain"). He has a [disability](/wiki/Disability "Disability"): He is LC3 type cyclist. He is a [chemical engineer](/wiki/Chemical_engineer "Chemical engineer"). People in his family are cyclists. This is why he started cycling. He competed at the [Summer Paralympics](/wiki/Summer_Paralympics "Summer Paralympics") in [1996](/wiki/1996_Summer_Paralympics "1996 Summer Paralympics"), [2000](/wiki/2000_Summer_Paralympics "2000 Summer Paralympics"), [2004](/wiki/2004_Summer_Paralympics "2004 Summer Paralympics"), and [2008](/wiki/2008_Summer_Paralympics "2008 Summer Paralympics").[[1]](#cite_note-1) He finished first in the Combined Road (Pursuit / Time Trial) LC3 race in 2004.
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Biografías"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150924064815/http://www.paralimpico.es/publicacion/buscador/datosbiografia.asp?idatleta=28557437Q) (in Spanish). Spain: Comité Paralímpico Español. 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.paralimpico.es/publicacion/buscador/datosbiografia.asp?idatleta=28557437Q) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [sports person](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_stubs "Category:Sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Garc%C3%ADa_Mart%C3%ADnez_(cyclist)&action=edit)*. | Antonio Garcia Martinez (born December 24, 1956 in Sevilla) is a cyclist from Spain. He has a disability: He is LC3 type cyclist. He is a chemical engineer. People in his family are cyclists. This is why he started cycling. He competed at the Summer Paralympics in 1996, 2000, 2004, and 2008.[1] He finished first in the Combined Road (Pursuit / Time Trial) LC3 race in 2004.
References
↑ "Biografías" (in Spanish). Spain: Comité Paralímpico Español. 2012. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
This short article about a sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
743,873 | Nettie_Stevens | Nettie Stevens | 9,106,684 | | Nettie Stevens |
| --- |
| |
| Born | Nettie Maria Stevens(1861-07-07)July 7, 1861[Cavendish, Vermont](/wiki/Cavendish,_Vermont "Cavendish, Vermont"), United States |
| Died | May 4, 1912(1912-05-04) (aged 50)[Baltimore, Maryland](/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland "Baltimore, Maryland"), United States |
| Cause of death | [Breast cancer](/wiki/Breast_cancer "Breast cancer") |
| Education | Westford Academy |
| Alma mater | Westfield Normal School[Stanford University](/wiki/Stanford_University "Stanford University")Bryn Mawr College |
| Known for | XY sex-determination system |
| **Scientific career** |
| Fields | [Genetics](/wiki/Genetics "Genetics") |
| Institutions | Bryn Mawr College, Carnegie Institution of Washington |
| [Thesis](/wiki/Thesis "Thesis") | [*Further studies on the ciliate Infusoria, Licnophora and Boveria*](https://search.proquest.com/docview/301753909/791D56E098804FE1PQ/) (1903) |
| [Doctoral advisor](/wiki/Doctoral_advisor "Doctoral advisor") | [Thomas Hunt Morgan](/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan "Thomas Hunt Morgan") |
| Doctoral students | Alice Middleton Boring |
| Influences | [Edmund Beecher Wilson](/wiki/Edmund_Beecher_Wilson "Edmund Beecher Wilson")[Thomas Hunt Morgan](/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan "Thomas Hunt Morgan") |
| |
**Nettie Maria Stevens** (July 7, 1861 – May 4, 1912)[[1]](#cite_note-1) was an early [American](/wiki/United_States "United States") [geneticist](/wiki/Geneticist "Geneticist"). She discovered [sex chromosomes](/wiki/Sex_chromosome "Sex chromosome").
Stevens saw two kinds of [sperms](/wiki/Sperm "Sperm") in male mealworms. One had a large chromosome and one had a small chromosome. They were sex chromosomes, which later became known as the X and Y chromosomes.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
Stevens eventually became fully qualified. She received a [PhD](/wiki/PhD "PhD") in [cytology](/wiki/Cytology "Cytology"), with [Thomas Hunt Morgan](/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan "Thomas Hunt Morgan") as her advisor. She died from [cancer](/wiki/Cancer "Cancer"). She had worked at Bryn Mawr College, Naples Zoological Station and the University of Würtzburg during her short career.
One paper, written in 1905, won Stevens an award of $1,000 for the best scientific paper written by a woman.[[3]](#cite_note-:0-3) Her major sex determination work was published by the Carnegie Institution of Washington in the two part monograph, *Studies in Spermatogenesis*.[[4]](#cite_note-:1-4)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Nettie Stevens | American biologist and geneticist"](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nettie-Stevens). *Encyclopedia Britannica*. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) Brush, Stephen G. (1978). "Nettie M. Stevens and the discovery of sex determination by chromosomes". *Isis*. **69** (2): 162–172. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.1086/352001](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F352001). [JSTOR](/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier) "JSTOR (identifier)") [230427](https://www.jstor.org/stable/230427). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [389882](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/389882). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [1919033](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1919033).
3. [↑](#cite_ref-:0_3-0) N.M. Stevens 1905. A study of the germ cells of *Aphis rosae* and *Aphis oenotherae*. *Journal of Experimental Zoology* **2** (3):313–334.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-:1_4-0) N.M. Stevens 1905. Studies in Spermatogenesis, with especial reference to the 'accessory chromosome'. Washington DC, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 36. N.M. Stevens 1906. Studies in Spermatogenesis Part II. A comparative study of heterochromosomes in certain species of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera with especial reference to sex determination. Washington D.C. Carnegie Institution of Washington: Publication 36, Part II, 1906.
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/495346/)
* [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000042396243)
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/388020)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2003058618/)
|
| National |
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/105527393X)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987011855101105171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2003058618)
* [Netherlands](http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p262433338)
|
| Other |
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/167138987)
| | | Nettie Stevens |
| --- |
| |
| Born | Nettie Maria Stevens(1861-07-07)July 7, 1861Cavendish, Vermont, United States |
| Died | May 4, 1912(1912-05-04) (aged 50)Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
| Cause of death | Breast cancer |
| Education | Westford Academy |
| Alma mater | Westfield Normal SchoolStanford UniversityBryn Mawr College |
| Known for | XY sex-determination system |
| Scientific career |
| Fields | Genetics |
| Institutions | Bryn Mawr College, Carnegie Institution of Washington |
| Thesis | Further studies on the ciliate Infusoria, Licnophora and Boveria (1903) |
| Doctoral advisor | Thomas Hunt Morgan |
| Doctoral students | Alice Middleton Boring |
| Influences | Edmund Beecher WilsonThomas Hunt Morgan |
| |
Nettie Maria Stevens (July 7, 1861 – May 4, 1912)[1] was an early American geneticist. She discovered sex chromosomes.
Stevens saw two kinds of sperms in male mealworms. One had a large chromosome and one had a small chromosome. They were sex chromosomes, which later became known as the X and Y chromosomes.[2]
Stevens eventually became fully qualified. She received a PhD in cytology, with Thomas Hunt Morgan as her advisor. She died from cancer. She had worked at Bryn Mawr College, Naples Zoological Station and the University of Würtzburg during her short career.
One paper, written in 1905, won Stevens an award of $1,000 for the best scientific paper written by a woman.[3] Her major sex determination work was published by the Carnegie Institution of Washington in the two part monograph, Studies in Spermatogenesis.[4]
References
↑ "Nettie Stevens | American biologist and geneticist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
↑ Brush, Stephen G. (1978). "Nettie M. Stevens and the discovery of sex determination by chromosomes". Isis. 69 (2): 162–172. doi:10.1086/352001. JSTOR 230427. PMID 389882. S2CID 1919033.
↑ N.M. Stevens 1905. A study of the germ cells of Aphis rosae and Aphis oenotherae. Journal of Experimental Zoology 2 (3):313–334.
↑ N.M. Stevens 1905. Studies in Spermatogenesis, with especial reference to the 'accessory chromosome'. Washington DC, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 36. N.M. Stevens 1906. Studies in Spermatogenesis Part II. A comparative study of heterochromosomes in certain species of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera with especial reference to sex determination. Washington D.C. Carnegie Institution of Washington: Publication 36, Part II, 1906.
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* FAST
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities
|
| National |
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Netherlands
|
| Other |
* IdRef
| |
939,299 | Sesotho | Sesotho | 8,429,818 | Redirect to:
* [Sotho language](/wiki/Sotho_language "Sotho language") | Redirect to:
Sotho language
|
775,412 | Colonia_Department | Colonia Department | 7,607,147 | Flag
coat of arms
The **Colonia Department** ([Spanish](/wiki/Spanish_language "Spanish language"): *Departamento de Colonia*) is a [department](/wiki/Departments_of_Uruguay "Departments of Uruguay") in the southwest of [Uruguay](/wiki/Uruguay "Uruguay"). Its capital is [Colonia del Sacramento](/wiki/Colonia_del_Sacramento "Colonia del Sacramento").
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature](/wiki/Category:Geography_stubs "Category:Geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colonia_Department&action=edit)*.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control"): Geographic |
* [MusicBrainz area](https://musicbrainz.org/area/28af4fbb-951a-4a9f-9448-b449166b0cb3)
| | Flag
coat of arms
The Colonia Department (Spanish: Departamento de Colonia) is a department in the southwest of Uruguay. Its capital is Colonia del Sacramento.
This short article about a place or feature can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Authority control: Geographic |
* MusicBrainz area
| |
1,028,942 | 1975-76_NHL_season | 1975-76 NHL season | 8,938,604 | Redirect to:
* [1975–76 NHL season](/wiki/1975%E2%80%9376_NHL_season "1975–76 NHL season") | Redirect to:
1975–76 NHL season
|
269,097 | Flame_test | Flame test | 4,269,110 | A **flame test** is a test for chemicals. Normally it is used to see whether there are certain metals in a [chemical compound](/wiki/Chemical_compound "Chemical compound"). The chemical compound is heated in a [flame](/wiki/Flame "Flame") and a [colored](/wiki/Color "Color") flame is made. The colored flame can be turned into its [spectrum](/wiki/Spectrum "Spectrum") to [analyze](https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/analyze "wikt:analyze") it. Many metals produce flame colors. The colors are made by [electrons](/wiki/Electron "Electron") jumping up to higher [orbits](/wiki/Orbit "Orbit") in the [atom](/wiki/Atom "Atom") when it is heated. They fall down soon, putting out light as energy.
* Flame test for [potassium](/wiki/Potassium "Potassium")
* Flame test for [calcium](/wiki/Calcium "Calcium")
* Flame test for zinc oxide on a kitchen stove
* Flame test for [sodium](/wiki/Sodium "Sodium"). The yellow color is very bright and common.
* Flame test for [copper](/wiki/Copper "Copper")
* Flame test for [lithium](/wiki/Lithium "Lithium")
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Flame test](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Flame_test "commons:Category:Flame test")***.
## Related pages
* [Chemical reaction](/wiki/Chemical_reaction "Chemical reaction")
* [Ion](/wiki/Ion "Ion") | A flame test is a test for chemicals. Normally it is used to see whether there are certain metals in a chemical compound. The chemical compound is heated in a flame and a colored flame is made. The colored flame can be turned into its spectrum to analyze it. Many metals produce flame colors. The colors are made by electrons jumping up to higher orbits in the atom when it is heated. They fall down soon, putting out light as energy.
Flame test for potassium
Flame test for calcium
Flame test for zinc oxide on a kitchen stove
Flame test for sodium. The yellow color is very bright and common.
Flame test for copper
Flame test for lithium
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Flame test.
Related pages
Chemical reaction
Ion
|
533,846 | Adriana_Benetti | Adriana Benetti | 6,443,941 | | Adriana Benetti |
| --- |
| |
| Born | (1919-12-19)19 December 1919[Ferrara](/wiki/Ferrara "Ferrara"), [Italy](/wiki/Italy "Italy") |
| Died | 24 February 2016(2016-02-24) (aged 96)[Rome](/wiki/Rome "Rome"), Italy |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1941–1957 |
**Adriana Benetti** (12 December 1919 – 24 February 2016) was an [Italian](/wiki/Italians "Italians") [actress](/wiki/Actress "Actress").[[1]](#cite_note-1) She was known for her roles in *Quattro passi fra le nuvole*, *C'è sempre un ma!*, *Uno tra la folla* and *Avanti c'è posto...*. She was born in [Ferrara](/wiki/Ferrara "Ferrara"), Italy.
Benetti died in [Rome](/wiki/Rome "Rome") on 24 February 2016 from complications of [pneumonia](/wiki/Pneumonia "Pneumonia"). She was 96 years old.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Lancia, Enrico; Roberto Poppi (2003). *Dizionario del cinema italiano*. Gremese Editore. p. 29. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-88-8440-214-1](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-8440-214-1 "Special:BookSources/978-88-8440-214-1").
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Museo Virtuale Del Disco : La morte di Adriana Benetti, diva dimenticata degli anni '40 e '50"](http://museovirtualedeldiscoedellospettacolo.blogspot.com/2016/02/la-morte-di-adriana-benetti-diva.html).
## Other websites
* [Adriana Benetti](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0070955/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about an [actor](/wiki/Category:Actor_stubs "Category:Actor stubs") or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adriana_Benetti&action=edit)*. | | Adriana Benetti |
| --- |
| |
| Born | (1919-12-19)19 December 1919Ferrara, Italy |
| Died | 24 February 2016(2016-02-24) (aged 96)Rome, Italy |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1941–1957 |
Adriana Benetti (12 December 1919 – 24 February 2016) was an Italian actress.[1] She was known for her roles in Quattro passi fra le nuvole, C'è sempre un ma!, Uno tra la folla and Avanti c'è posto.... She was born in Ferrara, Italy.
Benetti died in Rome on 24 February 2016 from complications of pneumonia. She was 96 years old.[2]
References
↑ Lancia, Enrico; Roberto Poppi (2003). Dizionario del cinema italiano. Gremese Editore. p. 29. ISBN 978-88-8440-214-1.
↑ "Museo Virtuale Del Disco : La morte di Adriana Benetti, diva dimenticata degli anni '40 e '50".
Other websites
Adriana Benetti on IMDb
This short article about an actor or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
626,312 | Franklin_Graham | Franklin Graham | 9,127,129 | | Franklin Graham |
| --- |
| Graham at the Nebraska State Capitol during his Decision America tour in 2016 |
| Born | William Franklin Graham III (1952-07-14) July 14, 1952 (age 71)[Asheville, North Carolina](/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina "Asheville, North Carolina"), U.S. |
| Occupation | [Christian Evangelist](/wiki/Evangelism "Evangelism") |
| Spouse(s) | Jane Cunningham (m. 1974) |
| Children | 4, including William Franklin IV[[1]](#cite_note-1) |
| Parent(s) | [Billy Graham](/wiki/Billy_Graham "Billy Graham")[Ruth Bell](/wiki/Ruth_Graham "Ruth Graham") |
| |
| Ordained | [Southern Baptist](/wiki/Southern_Baptist "Southern Baptist") |
| |
**William Franklin Graham III** (born July 14, 1952) is an American [Christian](/wiki/Christian "Christian") [evangelist](/wiki/Evangelism "Evangelism") and [missionary](/wiki/Missionary "Missionary"). He engages in Christian revival tours and political commentary. He is president and CEO of the [Billy Graham Evangelistic Association](/wiki/Billy_Graham_Evangelistic_Association "Billy Graham Evangelistic Association") (BGEA) and of Samaritan's Purse, an international Christian relief organization.
Graham became a "committed Christian" in 1974 and was [ordained](/wiki/Ordination "Ordination") in 1982, and has since become a public speaker and author. He is also known for being a son of the American [evangelist](/wiki/Evangelism "Evangelism") [Billy Graham](/wiki/Billy_Graham "Billy Graham").[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Franklin Graham"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120517112930/http://www.billygraham.org/biographies_show.asp?p=2&d=2). *Franklin Graham Biography*. Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. Archived from [the original](http://www.billygraham.org/biographies_show.asp?p=2&d=2) on May 17, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Franklin Graham"](https://billygraham.org/about/biographies/franklin-graham/). *Billy Graham Evangelistic Association*. Retrieved 2017-10-28.
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Franklin Graham](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Franklin_Graham "commons:Category:Franklin Graham")***.
* [Official site of Franklin Graham Festivals](http://www.grahamfestivals.org/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140102141651/http://grahamfestivals.org/) 2014-01-02 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
* [Billy Graham Evangelistic Association – Franklin Graham biography](http://www.billygraham.org/biographies_show.asp?p=2&d=2/)[*[permanent dead link](/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot "Wikipedia:Link rot")*]
* [*People* magazine – timeline history](http://edition.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/graham/timeline.html)
* [Samaritan's Purse](http://www.samaritanspurse.org/)
* [Appearances](http://www.c-spanvideo.org/franklingraham) on [C-SPAN](/wiki/C-SPAN "C-SPAN")
* [[1]](http://www.religionnews.com/2015/08/18/franklin-grahams-salary-raises-eyebrows-among-christian-nonprofits/)
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [person](/wiki/Category:American_people_stubs "Category:American people stubs") from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franklin_Graham&action=edit)*. | | Franklin Graham |
| --- |
| Graham at the Nebraska State Capitol during his Decision America tour in 2016 |
| Born | William Franklin Graham III (1952-07-14) July 14, 1952 (age 71)Asheville, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Occupation | Christian Evangelist |
| Spouse(s) | Jane Cunningham (m. 1974) |
| Children | 4, including William Franklin IV[1] |
| Parent(s) | Billy GrahamRuth Bell |
| |
| Ordained | Southern Baptist |
| |
William Franklin Graham III (born July 14, 1952) is an American Christian evangelist and missionary. He engages in Christian revival tours and political commentary. He is president and CEO of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (BGEA) and of Samaritan's Purse, an international Christian relief organization.
Graham became a "committed Christian" in 1974 and was ordained in 1982, and has since become a public speaker and author. He is also known for being a son of the American evangelist Billy Graham.[2]
References
↑ "Franklin Graham". Franklin Graham Biography. Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. Archived from the original on May 17, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
↑ "Franklin Graham". Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. Retrieved 2017-10-28.
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Franklin Graham.
Official site of Franklin Graham Festivals Archived 2014-01-02 at the Wayback Machine
Billy Graham Evangelistic Association – Franklin Graham biography[permanent dead link]
People magazine – timeline history
Samaritan's Purse
Appearances on C-SPAN
[1]
This short article about a person from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
708,122 | Lever-action_firearms | Lever-action firearms | 6,705,520 | Firing a Henry rifle
**Lever-action firearms** are [guns](/wiki/Gun "Gun") that hold multiple bullets and are loaded by pulling and pushing a lever at the bottom of the gun.
Lever-action rifles first became important weapons during the [American Civil War](/wiki/American_Civil_War "American Civil War"). Two rifles made during this time were the Henry and [Spencer](/wiki/Spencer_repeating_rifle "Spencer repeating rifle") [rifles](/wiki/Rifle "Rifle"). They fired much more quickly and could be loaded much faster than [muzzleloading](/wiki/Muzzleloader "Muzzleloader") rifles. However, their use was limited because many generals felt that the ability to shoot many [bullets](/wiki/Bullet "Bullet") without reloading would cause [soldiers](/wiki/Soldier "Soldier") to shoot with less accuracy. However, after the Civil War, lever-action guns became much more popular. They were popular with not just soldiers, but also with [hunters](/wiki/Hunting "Hunting") and even [civilians](/wiki/Civilian "Civilian"). They were so popular that the most famous lever-action rifle, the Winchester Model 1873, was called "the gun that won the West".
Both the [militaries](/wiki/Military "Military") of the [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States") and the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire "Russian Empire") used lever-action guns often until the beginning of the [20th century](/wiki/20th_century "20th century"). Even though lever action guns can fire much faster than [bolt-action](/wiki/Bolt_action "Bolt action") rifles (lever-actions can fire 2 rounds a second in skilled hands,) the bolt-action rifle was chosen to be the main gun for most [infantry](/wiki/Infantry "Infantry"). This was because bolt-action rifles could easily be fired when soldiers are lying on the ground, but lever-actions cannot do so easily.
Lever-action guns were made for many different types of bullets, both [pistol](/wiki/Pistol "Pistol") and rifle bullets. Most lever-action guns are rifles, but there are also lever-action [shotguns](/wiki/Shotgun "Shotgun") as well. The most famous of these are the [Winchester Model 1887](/wiki/Winchester_Model_1887 "Winchester Model 1887"). | Firing a Henry rifle
Lever-action firearms are guns that hold multiple bullets and are loaded by pulling and pushing a lever at the bottom of the gun.
Lever-action rifles first became important weapons during the American Civil War. Two rifles made during this time were the Henry and Spencer rifles. They fired much more quickly and could be loaded much faster than muzzleloading rifles. However, their use was limited because many generals felt that the ability to shoot many bullets without reloading would cause soldiers to shoot with less accuracy. However, after the Civil War, lever-action guns became much more popular. They were popular with not just soldiers, but also with hunters and even civilians. They were so popular that the most famous lever-action rifle, the Winchester Model 1873, was called "the gun that won the West".
Both the militaries of the United States and the Russian Empire used lever-action guns often until the beginning of the 20th century. Even though lever action guns can fire much faster than bolt-action rifles (lever-actions can fire 2 rounds a second in skilled hands,) the bolt-action rifle was chosen to be the main gun for most infantry. This was because bolt-action rifles could easily be fired when soldiers are lying on the ground, but lever-actions cannot do so easily.
Lever-action guns were made for many different types of bullets, both pistol and rifle bullets. Most lever-action guns are rifles, but there are also lever-action shotguns as well. The most famous of these are the Winchester Model 1887. |
273,863 | Amsterdam,_Netherlands | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 2,542,469 | Redirect to:
* [Amsterdam](/wiki/Amsterdam "Amsterdam") | Redirect to:
Amsterdam
|
16,933 | Livejournal | Livejournal | 72,875 | Redirect to:
* [LiveJournal](/wiki/LiveJournal "LiveJournal") | Redirect to:
LiveJournal
|
988,168 | Kabardian_language | Kabardian language | 8,633,714 | **Kabardian** is a [Northwest Caucasian](/wiki/Northwest_Caucasian_languages "Northwest Caucasian languages") language. About 590,000 people speak Kabardian. Kabardian is closely related to [Adyghe](/wiki/Adyghe_language "Adyghe language").
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Languages_of_the_Caucasus "Template:Languages of the Caucasus")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Languages_of_the_Caucasus&action=edit)
[Languages of the](/wiki/Languages_of_the_Caucasus "Languages of the Caucasus") [Caucasus](/wiki/Caucasus "Caucasus") |
| --- |
| [Caucasian](/wiki/Languages_of_the_Caucasus#Families_indigenous_to_the_Caucasus "Languages of the Caucasus")*(areal)* |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Kartvelian](/wiki/Kartvelian_languages "Kartvelian languages") |
* [Karto-Zan](/wiki/Karto-Zan_languages "Karto-Zan languages")
+ [Georgian](/wiki/Georgian_language "Georgian language")
- Judaeo-Georgian
- *Old Georgian*
+ Zan
- Laz
- Mingrelian
* Svan
|
| [Northeast](/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages "Northeast Caucasian languages")(Caspian) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Avar–Andic |
* Andic
+ Andi
+ Akhvakh
+ Bagvalal–Tindi
+ [Botlikh](/wiki/Botlikh_language "Botlikh language")–[Godoberi](/wiki/Godoberi_language "Godoberi language")
+ [Chamalal](/wiki/Chamalal_language "Chamalal language")
+ Karata
* [Avar](/wiki/Avar_language "Avar language")
|
| Dargin |
* [Chirag](/wiki/Chirag_language "Chirag language")
* [Dargwa](/wiki/Dargwa_language "Dargwa language")
* Itsari
* Kaitag
* Kubachi
|
| Lezgic |
* [Archi](/wiki/Archi_language "Archi language")
* Samur
+ Eastern
- [Aghul](/wiki/Aghul_language "Aghul language")
- [Lezgi](/wiki/Lezgi_language "Lezgi language")
- [Tabasaran](/wiki/Tabasaran_language "Tabasaran language")
- [Udi](/wiki/Udi_language "Udi language")
* *Caucasian Albanian*
+ Southern
- [Budukh](/wiki/Budukh_language "Budukh language")
- [Kryts](/wiki/Kryts_language "Kryts language")
+ Western
- [Rutul](/wiki/Rutul_language "Rutul language")
- [Tsakhur](/wiki/Tsakhur_language "Tsakhur language")
|
| [Nakh](/wiki/Nakh_languages "Nakh languages") |
* [Bats](/wiki/Bats_language "Bats language")
* Vainakh
+ *Arshtin*
+ [Chechen](/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language")
+ [Ingush](/wiki/Ingush_language "Ingush language")
|
| [Tsezic](/wiki/Tsezic_languages "Tsezic languages") (Didoic) |
* [Bezhta](/wiki/Bezhta_language "Bezhta language")–[Hunzib](/wiki/Hunzib_language "Hunzib language")–[Khwarshi](/wiki/Khwarshi_language "Khwarshi language")
* [Hinukh](/wiki/Hinuq_language "Hinuq language")–[Tsez](/wiki/Tsez_language "Tsez language")
|
| Others |
* [Khinalug](/wiki/Khinalug_language "Khinalug language")
* [Lak](/wiki/Lak_language "Lak language")
|
|
| [Northwest](/wiki/Northwest_Caucasian_languages "Northwest Caucasian languages")(Pontic) |
* Abazgi
+ [Abaza](/wiki/Abaza_language "Abaza language")
+ [Abkhaz](/wiki/Abkhaz_language "Abkhaz language")
* Circassian
+ [Adyghe](/wiki/Adyghe_language "Adyghe language")
+ Kabardian
* *[Ubykh](/wiki/Ubykh_language "Ubykh language")*
|
| |
| [Indo-European](/wiki/Indo-European_languages "Indo-European languages") |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Iranian](/wiki/Iranic_languages "Iranic languages") |
* [Kurdish](/wiki/Kurdish_languages "Kurdish languages")
+ [Kurmanji](/wiki/Kurmanji "Kurmanji")
* [Ossetian](/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language")
* [Persian](/wiki/Persian_language "Persian language")
* Talysh
* Tat
+ Judeo-Tat
|
| [Slavic](/wiki/Slavic_languages "Slavic languages") |
* [Russian](/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language")
* [Ukrainian](/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language")
|
| Others |
* [Armenian](/wiki/Armenian_language "Armenian language")
+ Eastern
+ Western
* German
* Pontic Greek
|
|
| [Turkic](/wiki/Turkic_languages "Turkic languages") |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Kipchak |
* [Karachay-Balkar](/wiki/Karachay-Balkar "Karachay-Balkar")
* Kumyk
* Nogai
* Urum
|
| Oghuz |
* [Azerbaijani](/wiki/Azerbaijani_language "Azerbaijani language")
* [Turkish](/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language")
* [Turkmen](/wiki/Turkmen_language "Turkmen language")
|
|
| Others |
* Kalmyk Oirat
* Northeastern Neo-Aramaic
+ Assyrian
+ Bohtan
* *Shirvani Arabic*
|
| * *Italics* mean [extinct languages](/wiki/Language_death "Language death")
* Languages in brackets are varieties of the language on their left.
See also
Languages of Armenia
Languages of Azerbaijan
[Languages of Georgia](/wiki/Languages_of_Georgia_(country) "Languages of Georgia (country)")
[Languages of Russia](/wiki/Languages_of_Russia "Languages of Russia") |
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kabardian_language&action=edit)*. | Kabardian is a Northwest Caucasian language. About 590,000 people speak Kabardian. Kabardian is closely related to Adyghe.
| * v
* t
* e
Languages of the Caucasus |
| --- |
| Caucasian(areal) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Kartvelian |
* Karto-Zan
+ Georgian
- Judaeo-Georgian
- Old Georgian
+ Zan
- Laz
- Mingrelian
* Svan
|
| Northeast(Caspian) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Avar–Andic |
* Andic
+ Andi
+ Akhvakh
+ Bagvalal–Tindi
+ Botlikh–Godoberi
+ Chamalal
+ Karata
* Avar
|
| Dargin |
* Chirag
* Dargwa
* Itsari
* Kaitag
* Kubachi
|
| Lezgic |
* Archi
* Samur
+ Eastern
- Aghul
- Lezgi
- Tabasaran
- Udi
* Caucasian Albanian
+ Southern
- Budukh
- Kryts
+ Western
- Rutul
- Tsakhur
|
| Nakh |
* Bats
* Vainakh
+ Arshtin
+ Chechen
+ Ingush
|
| Tsezic (Didoic) |
* Bezhta–Hunzib–Khwarshi
* Hinukh–Tsez
|
| Others |
* Khinalug
* Lak
|
|
| Northwest(Pontic) |
* Abazgi
+ Abaza
+ Abkhaz
* Circassian
+ Adyghe
+ Kabardian
* Ubykh
|
| |
| Indo-European |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Iranian |
* Kurdish
+ Kurmanji
* Ossetian
* Persian
* Talysh
* Tat
+ Judeo-Tat
|
| Slavic |
* Russian
* Ukrainian
|
| Others |
* Armenian
+ Eastern
+ Western
* German
* Pontic Greek
|
|
| Turkic |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Kipchak |
* Karachay-Balkar
* Kumyk
* Nogai
* Urum
|
| Oghuz |
* Azerbaijani
* Turkish
* Turkmen
|
|
| Others |
* Kalmyk Oirat
* Northeastern Neo-Aramaic
+ Assyrian
+ Bohtan
* Shirvani Arabic
|
| * Italics mean extinct languages
* Languages in brackets are varieties of the language on their left.
See also
Languages of Armenia
Languages of Azerbaijan
Languages of Georgia
Languages of Russia |
This short article can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
122,993 | Logrono | Logrono | 1,000,443 | Redirect to:
* [Logroño](/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o "Logroño") | Redirect to:
Logroño
|
113,237 | S.R._Nathan | S.R. Nathan | 899,084 | Redirect to:
* [Sellapan Ramanathan](/wiki/Sellapan_Ramanathan "Sellapan Ramanathan") | Redirect to:
Sellapan Ramanathan
|
52,397 | Ajaccio | Ajaccio | 9,111,190 | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article **may be expanded with text translated from the [corresponding article](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajaccio "fr:Ajaccio") in French**. *(October 2023)* Click [show] for important translation instructions.
* [View](https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAjaccio&sl=fr&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en) a machine-translated version of the French article.
* Machine translation like [DeepL](https://deepl.com) or [Google Translate](https://translate.google.com/) is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the Simple English Wikipedia.
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Ajaccio in France
Flag
Coat of arms
**Ajaccio** ([Latin](/wiki/Latin_language "Latin language"): *Ajax*; [French](/wiki/French_language "French language"): *Ajaccio*; [Corsican](/wiki/Corsican_language "Corsican language"): *Aiacciu*), pronounced "ah-YAH-cho", is a [town](/wiki/Town "Town") in [France](/wiki/France "France"). It is the [capital](/wiki/Capital_(city) "Capital (city)") of the *territorial collectivity* of [Corsica](/wiki/Corsica "Corsica") and the [prefecture](/wiki/Prefectures_in_France "Prefectures in France") of the [department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") of [Corse-du-Sud](/wiki/Corse-du-Sud "Corse-du-Sud").
## Geography
Ajaccio is on the west coast of the island of Corsica in a sheltered position at the foot of wooded hills on the northern shore of the Gulf of Ajaccio. The [harbour](/wiki/Harbour "Harbour") is to the east of the town and is protected on the south by a [peninsula](/wiki/Peninsula "Peninsula"). Ajaccio has a hot-summer [Mediterranean climate](/wiki/Mediterranean_climate "Mediterranean climate") (*Csa* in the [Koeppen climate classification](/wiki/Koeppen_climate_classification "Koeppen climate classification")).
The port of Ajaccio
Ajaccio was the birthplace of:
* [Napoleon Bonaparte](/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France "Napoleon I of France") ([1769](/wiki/1769 "1769")–[1821](/wiki/1821 "1821")), Emperor of the French[[1]](#cite_note-Marquis_1607-1896-1)
* Joseph Fesch (1763-[1839](/wiki/1839 "1839")), [cardinal](/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism) "Cardinal (Catholicism)")
* Tino Rossi ([1907](/wiki/1907 "1907")-[1983](/wiki/1983 "1983")), singer, actor
* Fred Scamaroni ([1914](/wiki/1914 "1914")-[1943](/wiki/1943 "1943")), WW II Resistance hero
* [Alizée](/wiki/Aliz%C3%A9e "Alizée") (born [1984](/wiki/1984 "1984")), pop singer
* Irène Bordoni (1895-1953), singer, [Broadway theatre](/wiki/Broadway_theatre "Broadway theatre") & [movie](/wiki/Movie "Movie") actress
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-Marquis_1607-1896_1-0) *Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896*. Marquis Who's Who. 1967.
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Ajaccio](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ajaccio "commons:Category:Ajaccio")***.
* [Official website](http://www.ajaccio.fr/)
## Sources and References
*
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | *This article includes text from the public domain [1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica](/wiki/1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica "1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica"). Please add to the article as needed.* |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Prefectures_of_departments_of_France "Template:Prefectures of departments of France")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Prefectures_of_departments_of_France "Template talk:Prefectures of departments of France")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Prefectures_of_departments_of_France&action=edit)
[Prefectures](/wiki/Prefectures_in_France "Prefectures in France") of [departments](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") of [France](/wiki/France "France") |
| --- |
|
* [Bourg-en-Bresse](/wiki/Bourg-en-Bresse "Bourg-en-Bresse") ([Ain](/wiki/Ain "Ain"))
* [Laon](/wiki/Laon "Laon") ([Aisne](/wiki/Aisne "Aisne"))
* [Moulins](/wiki/Moulins,_Allier "Moulins, Allier") ([Allier](/wiki/Allier "Allier"))
* [Digne-les-Bains](/wiki/Digne-les-Bains "Digne-les-Bains") ([Alpes-de-Haute-Provence](/wiki/Alpes-de-Haute-Provence "Alpes-de-Haute-Provence"))
* [Gap](/wiki/Gap,_Hautes-Alpes "Gap, Hautes-Alpes") ([Hautes-Alpes](/wiki/Hautes-Alpes "Hautes-Alpes"))
* [Nice](/wiki/Nice "Nice") ([Alpes-Maritimes](/wiki/Alpes-Maritimes "Alpes-Maritimes"))
* [Privas](/wiki/Privas "Privas") ([Ardèche](/wiki/Ard%C3%A8che "Ardèche"))
* [Charleville-Mézières](/wiki/Charleville-M%C3%A9zi%C3%A8res "Charleville-Mézières") ([Ardennes](/wiki/Ardennes_(department) "Ardennes (department)"))
* [Foix](/wiki/Foix "Foix") ([Ariège](/wiki/Ari%C3%A8ge_(department) "Ariège (department)"))
* [Troyes](/wiki/Troyes "Troyes") ([Aube](/wiki/Aube "Aube"))
* [Carcassonne](/wiki/Carcassonne "Carcassonne") ([Aude](/wiki/Aude "Aude"))
* [Rodez](/wiki/Rodez "Rodez") ([Aveyron](/wiki/Aveyron "Aveyron"))
* [Marseille](/wiki/Marseille "Marseille") ([Bouches-du-Rhône](/wiki/Bouches-du-Rh%C3%B4ne "Bouches-du-Rhône"))
* [Caen](/wiki/Caen "Caen") ([Calvados](/wiki/Calvados_(department) "Calvados (department)"))
* [Aurillac](/wiki/Aurillac "Aurillac") ([Cantal](/wiki/Cantal "Cantal"))
* [Angoulême](/wiki/Angoul%C3%AAme "Angoulême") ([Charente](/wiki/Charente "Charente"))
* [La Rochelle](/wiki/La_Rochelle "La Rochelle") ([Charente-Maritime](/wiki/Charente-Maritime "Charente-Maritime"))
* [Bourges](/wiki/Bourges "Bourges") ([Cher](/wiki/Cher_(department) "Cher (department)"))
* [Tulle](/wiki/Tulle "Tulle") ([Corrèze](/wiki/Corr%C3%A8ze "Corrèze"))
* Ajaccio ([Corse-du-Sud](/wiki/Corse-du-Sud "Corse-du-Sud"))
* [Bastia](/wiki/Bastia "Bastia") ([Haute-Corse](/wiki/Haute-Corse "Haute-Corse"))
* [Dijon](/wiki/Dijon "Dijon") ([Côte-d'Or](/wiki/C%C3%B4te-d%27Or "Côte-d'Or"))
* [Saint-Brieuc](/wiki/Saint-Brieuc "Saint-Brieuc") ([Côtes-d'Armor](/wiki/C%C3%B4tes-d%27Armor "Côtes-d'Armor"))
* [Guéret](/wiki/Gu%C3%A9ret "Guéret") ([Creuse](/wiki/Creuse "Creuse"))
* [Périgueux](/wiki/P%C3%A9rigueux "Périgueux") ([Dordogne](/wiki/Dordogne "Dordogne"))
* [Besançon](/wiki/Besan%C3%A7on "Besançon") ([Doubs](/wiki/Doubs "Doubs"))
* [Valence](/wiki/Valence,_Dr%C3%B4me "Valence, Drôme") ([Drôme](/wiki/Dr%C3%B4me "Drôme"))
* [Évreux](/wiki/%C3%89vreux "Évreux") ([Eure](/wiki/Eure "Eure"))
* [Chartres](/wiki/Chartres "Chartres") ([Eure-et-Loir](/wiki/Eure-et-Loir "Eure-et-Loir"))
* [Quimper](/wiki/Quimper "Quimper") ([Finistère](/wiki/Finist%C3%A8re "Finistère"))
* [Nîmes](/wiki/N%C3%AEmes "Nîmes") ([Gard](/wiki/Gard "Gard"))
* [Toulouse](/wiki/Toulouse "Toulouse") ([Haute-Garonne](/wiki/Haute-Garonne "Haute-Garonne"))
* [Auch](/wiki/Auch "Auch") ([Gers](/wiki/Gers "Gers"))
* [Bordeaux](/wiki/Bordeaux "Bordeaux") ([Gironde](/wiki/Gironde "Gironde"))
* [Montpellier](/wiki/Montpellier "Montpellier") ([Hérault](/wiki/H%C3%A9rault "Hérault"))
* [Rennes](/wiki/Rennes "Rennes") ([Ille-et-Vilaine](/wiki/Ille-et-Vilaine "Ille-et-Vilaine"))
* [Châteauroux](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauroux "Châteauroux") ([Indre](/wiki/Indre_(department) "Indre (department)"))
* [Tours](/wiki/Tours "Tours") ([Indre-et-Loire](/wiki/Indre-et-Loire "Indre-et-Loire"))
* [Grenoble](/wiki/Grenoble "Grenoble") ([Isère](/wiki/Is%C3%A8re "Isère"))
* [Lons-le-Saunier](/wiki/Lons-le-Saunier "Lons-le-Saunier") ([Jura](/wiki/Jura_(department) "Jura (department)"))
* [Mont-de-Marsan](/wiki/Mont-de-Marsan "Mont-de-Marsan") ([Landes](/wiki/Landes_(department) "Landes (department)"))
* [Blois](/wiki/Blois "Blois") ([Loir-et-Cher](/wiki/Loir-et-Cher "Loir-et-Cher"))
* [Saint-Étienne](/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne "Saint-Étienne") ([Loire](/wiki/Loire_(department) "Loire (department)"))
* [Le Puy-en-Velay](/wiki/Le_Puy-en-Velay "Le Puy-en-Velay") ([Haute-Loire](/wiki/Haute-Loire "Haute-Loire"))
* [Nantes](/wiki/Nantes "Nantes") ([Loire-Atlantique](/wiki/Loire-Atlantique "Loire-Atlantique"))
* [Orléans](/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans "Orléans") ([Loiret](/wiki/Loiret "Loiret"))
* [Cahors](/wiki/Cahors "Cahors") ([Lot](/wiki/Lot_(department) "Lot (department)"))
* [Agen](/wiki/Agen "Agen") ([Lot-et-Garonne](/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne "Lot-et-Garonne"))
* [Mende](/wiki/Mende,_Loz%C3%A8re "Mende, Lozère") ([Lozère](/wiki/Loz%C3%A8re "Lozère"))
* [Angers](/wiki/Angers "Angers") ([Maine-et-Loire](/wiki/Maine-et-Loire "Maine-et-Loire"))
* [Saint-Lô](/wiki/Saint-L%C3%B4 "Saint-Lô") ([Manche](/wiki/Manche "Manche"))
* [Châlons-en-Champagne](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2lons-en-Champagne "Châlons-en-Champagne") ([Marne](/wiki/Marne "Marne"))
* [Chaumont](/wiki/Chaumont,_Haute-Marne "Chaumont, Haute-Marne") ([Haute-Marne](/wiki/Haute-Marne "Haute-Marne"))
* [Laval](/wiki/Laval,_Mayenne "Laval, Mayenne") ([Mayenne](/wiki/Mayenne "Mayenne"))
* [Nancy](/wiki/Nancy,_France "Nancy, France") ([Meurthe-et-Moselle](/wiki/Meurthe-et-Moselle "Meurthe-et-Moselle"))
* [Bar-le-Duc](/wiki/Bar-le-Duc "Bar-le-Duc") ([Meuse](/wiki/Meuse_(department) "Meuse (department)"))
* [Vannes](/wiki/Vannes "Vannes") ([Morbihan](/wiki/Morbihan "Morbihan"))
* [Metz](/wiki/Metz "Metz") ([Moselle](/wiki/Moselle_(department) "Moselle (department)"))
* [Nevers](/wiki/Nevers "Nevers") ([Nièvre](/wiki/Ni%C3%A8vre "Nièvre"))
* [Lille](/wiki/Lille "Lille") ([Nord](/wiki/Nord_(French_department) "Nord (French department)"))
* [Beauvais](/wiki/Beauvais "Beauvais") ([Oise](/wiki/Oise "Oise"))
* [Alençon](/wiki/Alen%C3%A7on "Alençon") ([Orne](/wiki/Orne "Orne"))
* [Arras](/wiki/Arras "Arras") ([Pas-de-Calais](/wiki/Pas-de-Calais "Pas-de-Calais"))
* [Clermont-Ferrand](/wiki/Clermont-Ferrand "Clermont-Ferrand") ([Puy-de-Dôme](/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4me "Puy-de-Dôme"))
* [Pau](/wiki/Pau,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques "Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques") ([Pyrénées-Atlantiques](/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques "Pyrénées-Atlantiques"))
* [Tarbes](/wiki/Tarbes "Tarbes") ([Hautes-Pyrénées](/wiki/Hautes-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es "Hautes-Pyrénées"))
* [Perpignan](/wiki/Perpignan "Perpignan") ([Pyrénées-Orientales](/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Orientales "Pyrénées-Orientales"))
* [Strasbourg](/wiki/Strasbourg "Strasbourg") ([Bas-Rhin](/wiki/Bas-Rhin "Bas-Rhin"))
* [Colmar](/wiki/Colmar "Colmar") ([Haut-Rhin](/wiki/Haut-Rhin "Haut-Rhin"))
* [Lyon](/wiki/Lyon "Lyon") ([Rhône](/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_(department) "Rhône (department)"))
* [Vesoul](/wiki/Vesoul "Vesoul") ([Haute-Saône](/wiki/Haute-Sa%C3%B4ne "Haute-Saône"))
* [Mâcon](/wiki/M%C3%A2con "Mâcon") ([Saône-et-Loire](/wiki/Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire "Saône-et-Loire"))
* [Le Mans](/wiki/Le_Mans "Le Mans") ([Sarthe](/wiki/Sarthe "Sarthe"))
* [Chambéry](/wiki/Chamb%C3%A9ry "Chambéry") ([Savoie](/wiki/Savoie "Savoie"))
* [Annecy](/wiki/Annecy "Annecy") ([Haute-Savoie](/wiki/Haute-Savoie "Haute-Savoie"))
* [Paris](/wiki/Paris "Paris") ([Paris](/wiki/Paris "Paris"))
* [Rouen](/wiki/Rouen "Rouen") ([Seine-Maritime](/wiki/Seine-Maritime "Seine-Maritime"))
* [Melun](/wiki/Melun "Melun") ([Seine-et-Marne](/wiki/Seine-et-Marne "Seine-et-Marne"))
* [Versailles](/wiki/Versailles,_Yvelines "Versailles, Yvelines") ([Yvelines](/wiki/Yvelines "Yvelines"))
* [Niort](/wiki/Niort "Niort") ([Deux-Sèvres](/wiki/Deux-S%C3%A8vres "Deux-Sèvres"))
* [Amiens](/wiki/Amiens "Amiens") ([Somme](/wiki/Somme_(department) "Somme (department)"))
* [Albi](/wiki/Albi "Albi") ([Tarn](/wiki/Tarn_(department) "Tarn (department)"))
* [Montauban](/wiki/Montauban "Montauban") ([Tarn-et-Garonne](/wiki/Tarn-et-Garonne "Tarn-et-Garonne"))
* [Toulon](/wiki/Toulon "Toulon") ([Var](/wiki/Var_(department) "Var (department)"))
* [Avignon](/wiki/Avignon "Avignon") ([Vaucluse](/wiki/Vaucluse "Vaucluse"))
* [La Roche-sur-Yon](/wiki/La_Roche-sur-Yon "La Roche-sur-Yon") ([Vendée](/wiki/Vend%C3%A9e "Vendée"))
* [Poitiers](/wiki/Poitiers "Poitiers") ([Vienne](/wiki/Vienne "Vienne"))
* [Limoges](/wiki/Limoges "Limoges") ([Haute-Vienne](/wiki/Haute-Vienne "Haute-Vienne"))
* [Épinal](/wiki/%C3%89pinal "Épinal") ([Vosges](/wiki/Vosges_(department) "Vosges (department)"))
* [Auxerre](/wiki/Auxerre "Auxerre") ([Yonne](/wiki/Yonne "Yonne"))
* [Belfort](/wiki/Belfort "Belfort") ([Territoire de Belfort](/wiki/Territoire_de_Belfort "Territoire de Belfort"))
* [Évry](/wiki/%C3%89vry,_Essonne "Évry, Essonne") ([Essonne](/wiki/Essonne "Essonne"))
* [Nanterre](/wiki/Nanterre "Nanterre") ([Hauts-de-Seine](/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine "Hauts-de-Seine"))
* [Bobigny](/wiki/Bobigny "Bobigny") ([Seine-Saint-Denis](/wiki/Seine-Saint-Denis "Seine-Saint-Denis"))
* [Créteil](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9teil "Créteil") ([Val-de-Marne](/wiki/Val-de-Marne "Val-de-Marne"))
* [Cergy](/wiki/Cergy "Cergy"), [Pontoise](/wiki/Pontoise "Pontoise") ([Val-d'Oise](/wiki/Val-d%27Oise "Val-d'Oise"))
|
|
| |
| --- |
| **[Overseas departments](/wiki/Overseas_department "Overseas department")** |
|
* [Basse-Terre](/wiki/Basse-Terre "Basse-Terre") ([Guadeloupe](/wiki/Guadeloupe "Guadeloupe"))
* [Fort-de-France](/wiki/Fort-de-France "Fort-de-France") ([Martinique](/wiki/Martinique "Martinique"))
* [Cayenne](/wiki/Cayenne "Cayenne") ([French Guiana](/wiki/French_Guiana "French Guiana"))
* [Saint-Denis](/wiki/Saint-Denis,_R%C3%A9union "Saint-Denis, Réunion") ([Réunion](/wiki/R%C3%A9union "Réunion"))
* [Mamoudzou](/wiki/Mamoudzou "Mamoudzou") ([Mayotte](/wiki/Mayotte "Mayotte"))
|
|
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1219563/)
* [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000121845852)
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/150728646)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n82057035/)
|
| National |
* [Spain](http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX6047916)
* [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15249926c)
* [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15249926c)
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/4212951-5)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564520705171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n82057035)
* [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge759968&CON_LNG=ENG)
|
| Geographic |
* [MusicBrainz area](https://musicbrainz.org/area/ca2d86ab-59f4-4b5f-abc8-7f49330c22df)
|
| Other |
* [NARA](https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045084)
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/026623153)
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ajaccio&action=edit)*. | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (October 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
* View a machine-translated version of the French article.
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|
Ajaccio in France
Flag
Coat of arms
Ajaccio (Latin: Ajax; French: Ajaccio; Corsican: Aiacciu), pronounced "ah-YAH-cho", is a town in France. It is the capital of the territorial collectivity of Corsica and the prefecture of the department of Corse-du-Sud.
Geography
Ajaccio is on the west coast of the island of Corsica in a sheltered position at the foot of wooded hills on the northern shore of the Gulf of Ajaccio. The harbour is to the east of the town and is protected on the south by a peninsula. Ajaccio has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Koeppen climate classification).
The port of Ajaccio
Ajaccio was the birthplace of:
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821), Emperor of the French[1]
Joseph Fesch (1763-1839), cardinal
Tino Rossi (1907-1983), singer, actor
Fred Scamaroni (1914-1943), WW II Resistance hero
Alizée (born 1984), pop singer
Irène Bordoni (1895-1953), singer, Broadway theatre & movie actress
References
↑ Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Marquis Who's Who. 1967.
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ajaccio.
Official website
Sources and References
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article includes text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Please add to the article as needed. |
| * v
* t
* e
Prefectures of departments of France |
| --- |
|
* Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain)
* Laon (Aisne)
* Moulins (Allier)
* Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence)
* Gap (Hautes-Alpes)
* Nice (Alpes-Maritimes)
* Privas (Ardèche)
* Charleville-Mézières (Ardennes)
* Foix (Ariège)
* Troyes (Aube)
* Carcassonne (Aude)
* Rodez (Aveyron)
* Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône)
* Caen (Calvados)
* Aurillac (Cantal)
* Angoulême (Charente)
* La Rochelle (Charente-Maritime)
* Bourges (Cher)
* Tulle (Corrèze)
* Ajaccio (Corse-du-Sud)
* Bastia (Haute-Corse)
* Dijon (Côte-d'Or)
* Saint-Brieuc (Côtes-d'Armor)
* Guéret (Creuse)
* Périgueux (Dordogne)
* Besançon (Doubs)
* Valence (Drôme)
* Évreux (Eure)
* Chartres (Eure-et-Loir)
* Quimper (Finistère)
* Nîmes (Gard)
* Toulouse (Haute-Garonne)
* Auch (Gers)
* Bordeaux (Gironde)
* Montpellier (Hérault)
* Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine)
* Châteauroux (Indre)
* Tours (Indre-et-Loire)
* Grenoble (Isère)
* Lons-le-Saunier (Jura)
* Mont-de-Marsan (Landes)
* Blois (Loir-et-Cher)
* Saint-Étienne (Loire)
* Le Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire)
* Nantes (Loire-Atlantique)
* Orléans (Loiret)
* Cahors (Lot)
* Agen (Lot-et-Garonne)
* Mende (Lozère)
* Angers (Maine-et-Loire)
* Saint-Lô (Manche)
* Châlons-en-Champagne (Marne)
* Chaumont (Haute-Marne)
* Laval (Mayenne)
* Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle)
* Bar-le-Duc (Meuse)
* Vannes (Morbihan)
* Metz (Moselle)
* Nevers (Nièvre)
* Lille (Nord)
* Beauvais (Oise)
* Alençon (Orne)
* Arras (Pas-de-Calais)
* Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme)
* Pau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)
* Tarbes (Hautes-Pyrénées)
* Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales)
* Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin)
* Colmar (Haut-Rhin)
* Lyon (Rhône)
* Vesoul (Haute-Saône)
* Mâcon (Saône-et-Loire)
* Le Mans (Sarthe)
* Chambéry (Savoie)
* Annecy (Haute-Savoie)
* Paris (Paris)
* Rouen (Seine-Maritime)
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* Bobigny (Seine-Saint-Denis)
* Créteil (Val-de-Marne)
* Cergy, Pontoise (Val-d'Oise)
|
|
| |
| --- |
| Overseas departments |
|
* Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe)
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|
|
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
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99,293 | Holden_(disambiguation) | Holden (disambiguation) | 8,229,635 | **[Holden](/wiki/Holden "Holden")** is the name of an Australian brand of automobile. **Holden** can also mean:
## Places
### In Canada
* Holden, Alberta
### In Norway
* Holden, Lierne, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
* Holden, Verran, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
### In the United States
* Holden, Louisiana
* [Holden, Maine](/wiki/Holden,_Maine "Holden, Maine")
* [Holden, Massachusetts](/wiki/Holden,_Massachusetts "Holden, Massachusetts")
* [Holden, Missouri](/wiki/Holden,_Missouri "Holden, Missouri")
* [Holden, Utah](/wiki/Holden,_Utah "Holden, Utah")
* Holden, West Virginia
* Holden Township, Minnesota
* Holden, Vermont
There are also:
* Holden Beach, North Carolina
* Holden Heights, Florida
* Holden Village, Washington
## People and fictional characters
* [Holden (surname)](/wiki/Holden_(surname) "Holden (surname)"), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Holden (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Holden Scott, a pen name of American author Ben Mezrich (born 1969)
## Other
* Holden (lunar crater), a lunar crater attached to the much larger Vendelinus crater
* Holden (Martian crater), a wide crater on [Mars](/wiki/Mars_(planet) "Mars (planet)").
* Holden (band), a French pop-rock band
## Related pages
* Holder
* Holding
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | This [disambiguation](/wiki/Help:Disambiguation "Help:Disambiguation") page lists articles associated with the title **Holden**. If an [internal link](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Holden_(disambiguation)&namespace=0) led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. | | Holden is the name of an Australian brand of automobile. Holden can also mean:
Places
In Canada
Holden, Alberta
In Norway
Holden, Lierne, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
Holden, Verran, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
In the United States
Holden, Louisiana
Holden, Maine
Holden, Massachusetts
Holden, Missouri
Holden, Utah
Holden, West Virginia
Holden Township, Minnesota
Holden, Vermont
There are also:
Holden Beach, North Carolina
Holden Heights, Florida
Holden Village, Washington
People and fictional characters
Holden (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters
Holden (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
Holden Scott, a pen name of American author Ben Mezrich (born 1969)
Other
Holden (lunar crater), a lunar crater attached to the much larger Vendelinus crater
Holden (Martian crater), a wide crater on Mars.
Holden (band), a French pop-rock band
Related pages
Holder
Holding
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Holden. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. | |
472,382 | Rice_cracker | Rice cracker | 8,216,908 | Senbei rice crackers
A **Rice cracker** is a [Japanese](/wiki/Japan "Japan") [snack](/wiki/Snack "Snack") made from [rice](/wiki/Rice "Rice"). The traditional rice crackers are called **Senbei** (せんべい) *and **arare** (あられ).[[1]](#cite_note-Ang6.7-1) Depending on type, they are made from [glutenous](/wiki/Gluten "Gluten") or non-glutenous rice.[[1]](#cite_note-Ang6.7-1)*
## Types
Crackers made from glutenous rice are called *arare* or *okaki*. They have a soft [texture](/wiki/Texture "Texture") and easily dissolve in the [mouth](/wiki/Mouth "Mouth"). Senbei are crackers made from non-glutinous rice and are hard with a coarse texture.[[1]](#cite_note-Ang6.7-1) Arare rice crackers are often coated with [spices](/wiki/Spice "Spice"), [soy sauce](/wiki/Soy_sauce "Soy sauce") or other [flavorings](/wiki/Flavor "Flavor").[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## History
Rice crackers have a very old [history](/wiki/History "History"). They [originated](https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/origin "wikt:origin") during the time of the [Han Dynasty](/wiki/Han_Dynasty "Han Dynasty") (c. 202 [BC](/wiki/BC "BC")).[[3]](#cite_note-3) The first *Senbei* description is in 737. It was a mixture of [flour](/wiki/Flour "Flour") and rice cooked in [oil](/wiki/Oil "Oil"). The first modern rice cracker is called *Soka Senbei*.[[4]](#cite_note-4)
## References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Rice crackers](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rice_crackers "commons:Category:Rice crackers")***.
1. ↑ [1.0](#cite_ref-Ang6.7_1-0) [1.1](#cite_ref-Ang6.7_1-1) [1.2](#cite_ref-Ang6.7_1-2) *Asian Foods: Science and Technology*, eds. Catharina Y.W. Ang; Keshun Liu; Yao-Wen Huang (Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., 1999), pp. 6–7
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) *Cereals Processing Technology*, ed. G. Owens (Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, 2001), p. 97
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) ["Learn fun"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150102120014/http://kingodo.co.jp/knowledge/history.html). 金吾堂製菓のこだわり (Kingo-do confectionery). Archived from [the original](http://kingodo.co.jp/knowledge/history.html) on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["草加せんべいの歴史と現在 (Soka rice cracker of history and current)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140530011359/http://www.city.soka.saitama.jp/cont/s1403/a02/a03/01.html). 草加市役所 (Soka City Hall). Archived from [the original](http://www.city.soka.saitama.jp/cont/s1403/a02/a03/01.html) on 30 May 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [food](/wiki/Category:Food_stubs "Category:Food stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rice_cracker&action=edit)*.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [Japan](/wiki/Category:Japan_stubs "Category:Japan stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rice_cracker&action=edit)*. | Senbei rice crackers
A Rice cracker is a Japanese snack made from rice. The traditional rice crackers are called Senbei (せんべい) and arare (あられ).[1] Depending on type, they are made from glutenous or non-glutenous rice.[1]
Types
Crackers made from glutenous rice are called arare or okaki. They have a soft texture and easily dissolve in the mouth. Senbei are crackers made from non-glutinous rice and are hard with a coarse texture.[1] Arare rice crackers are often coated with spices, soy sauce or other flavorings.[2]
History
Rice crackers have a very old history. They originated during the time of the Han Dynasty (c. 202 BC).[3] The first Senbei description is in 737. It was a mixture of flour and rice cooked in oil. The first modern rice cracker is called Soka Senbei.[4]
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rice crackers.
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Asian Foods: Science and Technology, eds. Catharina Y.W. Ang; Keshun Liu; Yao-Wen Huang (Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., 1999), pp. 6–7
↑ Cereals Processing Technology, ed. G. Owens (Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, 2001), p. 97
↑ "Learn fun". 金吾堂製菓のこだわり (Kingo-do confectionery). Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
↑ "草加せんべいの歴史と現在 (Soka rice cracker of history and current)". 草加市役所 (Soka City Hall). Archived from the original on 30 May 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
This short article about food can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
This short article about Japan can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
653,212 | Mau_district | Mau district | 6,227,218 | **Mau district** is one of the [districts](/wiki/Districts_of_Uttar_Pradesh "Districts of Uttar Pradesh") of [Uttar Pradesh](/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh "Uttar Pradesh") [state](/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India "States and territories of India") of [India](/wiki/India "India"). Mau town is the district headquarters of this district. It is 90km away from [Varanasi](/wiki/Varanasi "Varanasi"). The district is surrounded by Ghazipur district on the south, Ballia district in the east, [Azamgarh](/wiki/Azamgarh_district "Azamgarh district") district in the west, and by Gorakhpur and Deoria districts on the north.
River Tamasa flows in mau district which is a tributary of saryu river. Mau is specially known for textil Weaver's. Mostly region of up are occupied by farming. Sitla mata mandir is situated at the center of the city 2km from railway station. Mau city is known as Maunath bhanjan. | Mau district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Mau town is the district headquarters of this district. It is 90km away from Varanasi. The district is surrounded by Ghazipur district on the south, Ballia district in the east, Azamgarh district in the west, and by Gorakhpur and Deoria districts on the north.
River Tamasa flows in mau district which is a tributary of saryu river. Mau is specially known for textil Weaver's. Mostly region of up are occupied by farming. Sitla mata mandir is situated at the center of the city 2km from railway station. Mau city is known as Maunath bhanjan. |
138,167 | Roquefort-les-Pins | Roquefort-les-Pins | 7,541,617 | | Roquefort-les-Pins |
| --- |
|
Coat of arms |
| Location of Roquefort-les-Pins
|
| Roquefort-les-PinsShow map of FranceRoquefort-les-PinsShow map of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur |
| Coordinates: [43°39′59″N 7°03′05″E / 43.6664°N 7.0514°E / 43.6664; 7.0514](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Roquefort-les-Pins¶ms=43.6664_N_7.0514_E_type:city(6346)_region:FR-PAC)[Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [43°39′59″N 7°03′05″E / 43.6664°N 7.0514°E / 43.6664; 7.0514](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Roquefort-les-Pins¶ms=43.6664_N_7.0514_E_type:city(6346)_region:FR-PAC) |
| Country | [France](/wiki/France "France") |
| [Region](/wiki/Regions_of_France "Regions of France") | [Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur](/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur") |
| [Department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") | [Alpes-Maritimes](/wiki/Alpes-Maritimes "Alpes-Maritimes") |
| [Arrondissement](/wiki/Arrondissements_of_France "Arrondissements of France") | [Grasse](/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Grasse "Arrondissement of Grasse") |
| [Canton](/wiki/Cantons_of_France "Cantons of France") | Bar-sur-Loup |
| [Intercommunality](/wiki/Communes_of_France#Intercommunality "Communes of France") | Sophia Antipolis |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | Michel Rossi |
| Area**1** | 21.53 km2 (8.31 sq mi) |
| Population (2008) | 6,346 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (760/sq mi) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC+01:00](/wiki/UTC%2B01:00 "UTC+01:00") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC+02:00](/wiki/UTC%2B02:00 "UTC+02:00") ([CEST](/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time "Central European Summer Time")) |
| [INSEE](/wiki/INSEE_code "INSEE code")/Postal code | [06105](https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=COM-06105) /06330 |
| Elevation | 20–362 m (66–1,188 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
**Roquefort-les-Pins** is a [commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France") of 6175 people ([2007](/wiki/2007 "2007")). It is located in the region [Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur](/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur") in the [Alpes-Maritimes](/wiki/Alpes-Maritimes "Alpes-Maritimes") department in the southeast of [France](/wiki/France "France").
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roquefort-les-Pins&action=edit)*. | | Roquefort-les-Pins |
| --- |
|
Coat of arms |
| Location of Roquefort-les-Pins
|
| Roquefort-les-PinsShow map of FranceRoquefort-les-PinsShow map of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur |
| Coordinates: 43°39′59″N 7°03′05″E / 43.6664°N 7.0514°E / 43.6664; 7.0514Coordinates: 43°39′59″N 7°03′05″E / 43.6664°N 7.0514°E / 43.6664; 7.0514 |
| Country | France |
| Region | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur |
| Department | Alpes-Maritimes |
| Arrondissement | Grasse |
| Canton | Bar-sur-Loup |
| Intercommunality | Sophia Antipolis |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2008–2014) | Michel Rossi |
| Area1 | 21.53 km2 (8.31 sq mi) |
| Population (2008) | 6,346 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (760/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 06105 /06330 |
| Elevation | 20–362 m (66–1,188 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Roquefort-les-Pins is a commune of 6175 people (2007). It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the southeast of France.
This short article about a place or feature in France can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
28,162 | Laws | Laws | 6,756,341 | Redirect to:
* [Law](/wiki/Law "Law")
* **[From the plural form](/wiki/Category:Redirects_from_plurals "Category:Redirects from plurals")**: This is a redirect from a plural noun to its singular form. {{[R from plural](/wiki/Template:R_from_plural "Template:R from plural")}} may be used to tag plural redirects.
+ This redirect link is used for convenience; it is often preferable to add the plural directly after the link (for example, `[[link]]s`). However, do not replace these redirected links with a simpler link unless the page is updated for another reason.
+ Use this rcat to tag *only* [mainspace](/wiki/Wikipedia:Mainspace "Wikipedia:Mainspace") redirects; when plural forms are found in other namespaces, use {{[R from modification](/wiki/Template:R_from_modification "Template:R from modification")}} *instead*. | Redirect to:
Law
From the plural form: This is a redirect from a plural noun to its singular form. {{R from plural}} may be used to tag plural redirects.
This redirect link is used for convenience; it is often preferable to add the plural directly after the link (for example, [[link]]s). However, do not replace these redirected links with a simpler link unless the page is updated for another reason.
Use this rcat to tag only mainspace redirects; when plural forms are found in other namespaces, use {{R from modification}} instead.
|
348,152 | Pseudoscorpionida | Pseudoscorpionida | 3,639,858 | Redirect to:
* [Pseudoscorpion](/wiki/Pseudoscorpion "Pseudoscorpion") | Redirect to:
Pseudoscorpion
|
736,973 | Mamaroneck,_New_York | Mamaroneck, New York | 8,650,884 | **Mamaroneck** ([/məˈmærənɛk/](/wiki/Help:IPA/English "Help:IPA/English") [*mə-MARR-ə-nek*](/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key "Help:Pronunciation respelling key")) is a [town](/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_New_York#Town "Administrative divisions of New York") in [Westchester County](/wiki/Westchester_County,_New_York "Westchester County, New York"), [New York](/wiki/New_York_(state) "New York (state)"), [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"). The population was 29,156 at the 2010 census.[[1]](#cite_note-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Mamaroneck town, Westchester County, New York"](http://factfinder2.census.gov). *American Factfinder*. [U.S. Census Bureau](/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau "U.S. Census Bureau"). Retrieved November 15, 2011.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Westchester_County,_New_York "Template:Westchester County, New York")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Westchester_County,_New_York&action=edit)
Municipalities and communities of [Westchester County, New York](/wiki/Westchester_County,_New_York "Westchester County, New York"), United States |
| --- |
| [County seat](/wiki/County_seat "County seat"): **[White Plains](/wiki/White_Plains,_New_York "White Plains, New York")** |
| [Cities](/wiki/City "City") |
* [Mount Vernon](/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_New_York "Mount Vernon, New York")
* [New Rochelle](/wiki/New_Rochelle,_New_York "New Rochelle, New York")
* [Peekskill](/wiki/Peekskill,_New_York "Peekskill, New York")
* [Rye](/wiki/Rye,_New_York "Rye, New York")
* [White Plains](/wiki/White_Plains,_New_York "White Plains, New York")
* [Yonkers](/wiki/Yonkers,_New_York "Yonkers, New York")
| |
| [Towns](/wiki/Town "Town") |
* [Bedford](/wiki/Bedford_(town),_New_York "Bedford (town), New York")
* Cortlandt
* [Eastchester](/wiki/Eastchester_(town),_New_York "Eastchester (town), New York")
* [Greenburgh](/wiki/Greenburgh,_New_York "Greenburgh, New York")
* [Harrison](/wiki/Harrison,_New_York "Harrison, New York")
* Lewisboro
* Mamaroneck
* [Mount Kisco](/wiki/Mount_Kisco,_New_York "Mount Kisco, New York")
* [Mount Pleasant](/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_New_York "Mount Pleasant, New York")
* [New Castle](/wiki/New_Castle,_New_York "New Castle, New York")
* [North Castle](/wiki/North_Castle,_New_York "North Castle, New York")
* North Salem
* [Ossining](/wiki/Ossining_(town),_New_York "Ossining (town), New York")
* Pelham
* [Pound Ridge](/wiki/Pound_Ridge,_New_York "Pound Ridge, New York")
* [Rye](/wiki/Rye_(town),_New_York "Rye (town), New York")
* [Scarsdale](/wiki/Scarsdale,_New_York "Scarsdale, New York")
* Somers
* [Yorktown](/wiki/Yorktown,_New_York "Yorktown, New York")
|
| [Villages](/wiki/Village "Village") |
* [Ardsley](/wiki/Ardsley,_New_York "Ardsley, New York")
* [Briarcliff Manor](/wiki/Briarcliff_Manor,_New_York "Briarcliff Manor, New York")
* [Bronxville](/wiki/Bronxville,_New_York "Bronxville, New York")
* Buchanan
* [Croton-on-Hudson](/wiki/Croton-on-Hudson,_New_York "Croton-on-Hudson, New York")
* [Dobbs Ferry](/wiki/Dobbs_Ferry,_New_York "Dobbs Ferry, New York")
* [Elmsford](/wiki/Elmsford,_New_York "Elmsford, New York")
* [Harrison](/wiki/Harrison,_New_York "Harrison, New York")
* [Hastings-on-Hudson](/wiki/Hastings-on-Hudson,_New_York "Hastings-on-Hudson, New York")
* [Irvington](/wiki/Irvington,_New_York "Irvington, New York")
* [Larchmont](/wiki/Larchmont,_New_York "Larchmont, New York")
* [Mamaroneck](/wiki/Mamaroneck_(village),_New_York "Mamaroneck (village), New York")
* [Mount Kisco](/wiki/Mount_Kisco,_New_York "Mount Kisco, New York")
* [Ossining](/wiki/Ossining_(village),_New_York "Ossining (village), New York")
* Pelham
* Pelham Manor
* [Pleasantville](/wiki/Pleasantville,_New_York "Pleasantville, New York")
* [Port Chester](/wiki/Port_Chester,_New_York "Port Chester, New York")
* [Rye Brook](/wiki/Rye_Brook,_New_York "Rye Brook, New York")
* [Scarsdale](/wiki/Scarsdale,_New_York "Scarsdale, New York")
* [Sleepy Hollow](/wiki/Sleepy_Hollow,_New_York "Sleepy Hollow, New York")
* Tarrytown
* Tuckahoe
|
| [CDPs](/wiki/Census-designated_place "Census-designated place") |
* [Armonk](/wiki/Armonk,_New_York "Armonk, New York")
* Bedford
* Bedford Hills
* [Chappaqua](/wiki/Chappaqua,_New_York "Chappaqua, New York")
* Crompond
* Crugers
* Eastchester
* Fairview
* Golden's Bridge
* Greenville
* [Hartsdale](/wiki/Hartsdale,_New_York "Hartsdale, New York")
* Hawthorne
* Heritage Hills
* Jefferson Valley–Yorktown
* [Katonah](/wiki/Katonah,_New_York "Katonah, New York")
* Lake Mohegan
* Lincolndale
* Millwood
* Montrose
* Peach Lake‡
* Scotts Corners
* Shenorock
* Shrub Oak
* Thornwood
* [Valhalla](/wiki/Valhalla,_New_York "Valhalla, New York")
* Verplanck
* [Yorktown Heights](/wiki/Yorktown_Heights,_New_York "Yorktown Heights, New York")
|
| [Otherhamlets](/wiki/Hamlet "Hamlet") |
* Archville
* Banksville
* Bedford Corners
* Cortlandt Manor
* Eastview
* Granite Springs
* Mount Airy
* Pocantico Hills
* [Purchase](/wiki/Purchase,_New_York "Purchase, New York")
* Scarborough
* South Salem
* Sparta
* [Waccabuc](/wiki/Waccabuc,_New_York "Waccabuc, New York")
* Wykagyl
|
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties |
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in the United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_geography_stubs "Category:United States geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamaroneck,_New_York&action=edit)*. | Mamaroneck (/məˈmærənɛk/ mə-MARR-ə-nek) is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 29,156 at the 2010 census.[1]
References
↑ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Mamaroneck town, Westchester County, New York". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 15, 2011.
| * v
* t
* e
Municipalities and communities of Westchester County, New York, United States |
| --- |
| County seat: White Plains |
| Cities |
* Mount Vernon
* New Rochelle
* Peekskill
* Rye
* White Plains
* Yonkers
| |
| Towns |
* Bedford
* Cortlandt
* Eastchester
* Greenburgh
* Harrison
* Lewisboro
* Mamaroneck
* Mount Kisco
* Mount Pleasant
* New Castle
* North Castle
* North Salem
* Ossining
* Pelham
* Pound Ridge
* Rye
* Scarsdale
* Somers
* Yorktown
|
| Villages |
* Ardsley
* Briarcliff Manor
* Bronxville
* Buchanan
* Croton-on-Hudson
* Dobbs Ferry
* Elmsford
* Harrison
* Hastings-on-Hudson
* Irvington
* Larchmont
* Mamaroneck
* Mount Kisco
* Ossining
* Pelham
* Pelham Manor
* Pleasantville
* Port Chester
* Rye Brook
* Scarsdale
* Sleepy Hollow
* Tarrytown
* Tuckahoe
|
| CDPs |
* Armonk
* Bedford
* Bedford Hills
* Chappaqua
* Crompond
* Crugers
* Eastchester
* Fairview
* Golden's Bridge
* Greenville
* Hartsdale
* Hawthorne
* Heritage Hills
* Jefferson Valley–Yorktown
* Katonah
* Lake Mohegan
* Lincolndale
* Millwood
* Montrose
* Peach Lake‡
* Scotts Corners
* Shenorock
* Shrub Oak
* Thornwood
* Valhalla
* Verplanck
* Yorktown Heights
|
| Otherhamlets |
* Archville
* Banksville
* Bedford Corners
* Cortlandt Manor
* Eastview
* Granite Springs
* Mount Airy
* Pocantico Hills
* Purchase
* Scarborough
* South Salem
* Sparta
* Waccabuc
* Wykagyl
|
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties |
This short article about a place or feature in the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
286,136 | Poa_pratensis | Poa pratensis | 8,962,897 | | *Poa pratensis* |
| --- |
| |
| [Scientific classification](/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology) "Taxonomy (biology)") |
| Kingdom:
| [Plantae](/wiki/Plantae "Plantae") |
| (unranked):
| [Angiosperms](/wiki/Angiosperms "Angiosperms") |
| (unranked):
| [Monocots](/wiki/Monocots "Monocots") |
| (unranked):
| [Commelinids](/wiki/Commelinids "Commelinids") |
| Order:
| [Poales](/wiki/Poales "Poales") |
| Family:
| [Poaceae](/wiki/Poaceae "Poaceae") |
| Genus:
| *Poa* |
| Species:
| ***P. pratensis*** |
| [Binomial name](/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature "Binomial nomenclature") |
| ***Poa pratensis***[L.](/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus "Carolus Linnaeus") |
***Poa pratensis*** (smooth meadow-grass, common meadow grass, or Kentucky bluegrass) is a [grass](/wiki/Grass "Grass"). It is a [perennial](/wiki/Perennial "Perennial") [species](/wiki/Species "Species") of the grass family *[Poaceae](/wiki/Poaceae "Poaceae")*. It is native to [Europe](/wiki/Europe "Europe"), [Asia](/wiki/Asia "Asia"), and northern [Africa](/wiki/Africa "Africa"). It grows to 30–70 centimetres (12–28 in) tall.
*Poa pratensis* makes a useful [pasture](/wiki/Pasture "Pasture") plant. It is also used for making [lawns](/wiki/Lawn "Lawn") in [parks](/wiki/Park "Park") and [gardens](/wiki/Garden "Garden"). *Poa* is [Greek](/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language "Ancient Greek language") for fodder, which is food fed to [livestock](/wiki/Livestock "Livestock").
The name "Kentucky bluegrass" came from its blue flower heads.[[1]](#cite_note-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) [What makes Kentucky's Bluegrass blue – New York Times – June 3, 1993](https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE2D7143CF930A35755C0A965958260) | | Poa pratensis |
| --- |
| |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom:
| Plantae |
| (unranked):
| Angiosperms |
| (unranked):
| Monocots |
| (unranked):
| Commelinids |
| Order:
| Poales |
| Family:
| Poaceae |
| Genus:
| Poa |
| Species:
| P. pratensis |
| Binomial name |
| Poa pratensisL. |
Poa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass, common meadow grass, or Kentucky bluegrass) is a grass. It is a perennial species of the grass family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. It grows to 30–70 centimetres (12–28 in) tall.
Poa pratensis makes a useful pasture plant. It is also used for making lawns in parks and gardens. Poa is Greek for fodder, which is food fed to livestock.
The name "Kentucky bluegrass" came from its blue flower heads.[1]
References
↑ What makes Kentucky's Bluegrass blue – New York Times – June 3, 1993
|
55,452 | Hotter_Than_Hell | Hotter Than Hell | 8,202,577 | | Hotter than Hell |
| --- |
| [Studio album](/wiki/Album "Album") by [Kiss](/wiki/Kiss_(band) "Kiss (band)") |
| Released | October 22, 1974 (1974-10-22) |
| Recorded | August 1974 |
| Studio | The Village, [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles "Los Angeles") |
| [Genre](/wiki/Music_genre "Music genre") | * [Hard rock](/wiki/Hard_rock "Hard rock")
* [heavy metal](/wiki/Heavy_metal_music "Heavy metal music")
* proto-punk[[1]](#cite_note-1)
|
| Length | 33:02 |
| [Label](/wiki/Record_label "Record label") | [Casablanca](/wiki/Casablanca_Records "Casablanca Records") |
| [Producer](/wiki/Record_producer "Record producer") | Kenny Kerner, Richie Wise |
| [Kiss](/wiki/Kiss_(band) "Kiss (band)") chronology |
|
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *[Kiss](/wiki/Kiss_(Kiss_album) "Kiss (Kiss album)")*(1974)
| ***Hotter than Hell***(1974)
| *Dressed to Kill*(1975)
|
|
| |
| [Singles](/wiki/Single_(music) "Single (music)") from *Hotter Than Hell* |
|
1. "Let Me Go, Rock 'n' Roll"Released: October 22, 1974
|
| |
***Hotter Than Hell*** is the second [album](/wiki/Album "Album") from the [American](/wiki/United_States "United States") [hard rock](/wiki/Hard_rock "Hard rock")/[heavy metal](/wiki/Heavy_metal_music "Heavy metal music") [band](/wiki/Band "Band") [Kiss](/wiki/Kiss_(band) "Kiss (band)"). It was released on [October 22](/wiki/October_22 "October 22"), [1974](/wiki/1974 "1974").
## Track listing
* Got To Choose
* Parasite
* Goin' Blind
* Hotter Than Hell
* Let Me Go, Rock 'N' Roll
* All The Way
* Watchin' You
* Mainline
* Comin' Home
* Strange Ways
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Rivadavia, Eduardo (August 2, 2016). ["Kiss Albums Ranked"](https://loudwire.com/kiss-albums-ranked/). *Loudwire*. Retrieved July 7, 2019.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [music](/wiki/Category:Music_stubs "Category:Music stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hotter_Than_Hell&action=edit)*. | | Hotter than Hell |
| --- |
| Studio album by Kiss |
| Released | October 22, 1974 (1974-10-22) |
| Recorded | August 1974 |
| Studio | The Village, Los Angeles |
| Genre | * Hard rock
* heavy metal
* proto-punk[1]
|
| Length | 33:02 |
| Label | Casablanca |
| Producer | Kenny Kerner, Richie Wise |
| Kiss chronology |
|
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kiss(1974)
| Hotter than Hell(1974)
| Dressed to Kill(1975)
|
|
| |
| Singles from Hotter Than Hell |
|
1. "Let Me Go, Rock 'n' Roll"Released: October 22, 1974
|
| |
Hotter Than Hell is the second album from the American hard rock/heavy metal band Kiss. It was released on October 22, 1974.
Track listing
Got To Choose
Parasite
Goin' Blind
Hotter Than Hell
Let Me Go, Rock 'N' Roll
All The Way
Watchin' You
Mainline
Comin' Home
Strange Ways
References
↑ Rivadavia, Eduardo (August 2, 2016). "Kiss Albums Ranked". Loudwire. Retrieved July 7, 2019.
This short article about music can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
962,731 | Federal_city_(Russia) | Federal city (Russia) | 8,460,610 | Redirect to:
* [Federal cities of Russia](/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia "Federal cities of Russia") | Redirect to:
Federal cities of Russia
|
934,151 | Gémonval | Gémonval | 8,262,820 | | Gémonval |
| --- |
| [Commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France") |
| |
| Location of Gémonval
|
| GémonvalShow map of FranceGémonvalShow map of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Coordinates: [47°31′59″N 6°35′21″E / 47.5331°N 6.5892°E / 47.5331; 6.5892](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=G%C3%A9monval¶ms=47.5331_N_6.5892_E_type:city(84)_region:FR-BFC)[Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [47°31′59″N 6°35′21″E / 47.5331°N 6.5892°E / 47.5331; 6.5892](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=G%C3%A9monval¶ms=47.5331_N_6.5892_E_type:city(84)_region:FR-BFC) |
| Country | [France](/wiki/France "France") |
| [Region](/wiki/Regions_of_France "Regions of France") | [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté](/wiki/Bourgogne-Franche-Comt%C3%A9 "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté") |
| [Department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") | [Doubs](/wiki/Doubs "Doubs") |
| [Arrondissement](/wiki/Arrondissements_of_France "Arrondissements of France") | [Montbéliard](/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Montb%C3%A9liard "Arrondissement of Montbéliard") |
| [Canton](/wiki/Cantons_of_France "Cantons of France") | Bavans |
| [Intercommunality](/wiki/Communes_of_France#Intercommunality "Communes of France") | Deux Vallées Vertes |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Fabrice Vrillacq |
| Area**1** | 3.39 km2 (1.31 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[[1]](#cite_note-popleg2019-1) | 84 |
| • Density | 25/km2 (64/sq mi) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC+01:00](/wiki/UTC%2B01:00 "UTC+01:00") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC+02:00](/wiki/UTC%2B02:00 "UTC+02:00") ([CEST](/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time "Central European Summer Time")) |
| [INSEE](/wiki/INSEE_code "INSEE code")/Postal code | [25264](https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=COM-25264) /25250 |
| Elevation | 305–513 m (1,001–1,683 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
**Gémonval** is a [commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France"). It is in [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté](/wiki/Bourgogne-Franche-Comt%C3%A9 "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté") in the [Doubs](/wiki/Doubs "Doubs") [department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") in east [France](/wiki/France "France").
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-popleg2019_1-0) ["Populations légales 2019"](https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6005800?geo=COM-25264). [The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies](/wiki/INSEE "INSEE"). 29 December 2021.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Doubs_communes "Template:Doubs communes")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Doubs_communes "Template talk:Doubs communes")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Doubs_communes&action=edit)
[Communes](/wiki/Communes_of_the_Doubs_department "Communes of the Doubs department") of the [Doubs department](/wiki/Doubs "Doubs") |
| --- |
|
* [Abbans-Dessous](/wiki/Abbans-Dessous "Abbans-Dessous")
* [Abbans-Dessus](/wiki/Abbans-Dessus "Abbans-Dessus")
* [Abbenans](/wiki/Abbenans "Abbenans")
* [Abbévillers](/wiki/Abb%C3%A9villers "Abbévillers")
* [Accolans](/wiki/Accolans "Accolans")
* [Adam-lès-Passavant](/wiki/Adam-l%C3%A8s-Passavant "Adam-lès-Passavant")
* [Adam-lès-Vercel](/wiki/Adam-l%C3%A8s-Vercel "Adam-lès-Vercel")
* [Aibre](/wiki/Aibre "Aibre")
* [Aïssey](/wiki/A%C3%AFssey "Aïssey")
* [Allenjoie](/wiki/Allenjoie "Allenjoie")
* [Les Alliés](/wiki/Les_Alli%C3%A9s "Les Alliés")
* [Allondans](/wiki/Allondans "Allondans")
* [Amagney](/wiki/Amagney "Amagney")
* [Amancey](/wiki/Amancey "Amancey")
* [Amathay-Vésigneux](/wiki/Amathay-V%C3%A9signeux "Amathay-Vésigneux")
* [Amondans](/wiki/Amondans "Amondans")
* [Anteuil](/wiki/Anteuil "Anteuil")
* [Appenans](/wiki/Appenans "Appenans")
* [Arbouans](/wiki/Arbouans "Arbouans")
* [Arc-et-Senans](/wiki/Arc-et-Senans "Arc-et-Senans")
* [Arcey](/wiki/Arcey,_Doubs "Arcey, Doubs")
* [Arçon](/wiki/Ar%C3%A7on "Arçon")
* [Arc-sous-Cicon](/wiki/Arc-sous-Cicon "Arc-sous-Cicon")
* [Arc-sous-Montenot](/wiki/Arc-sous-Montenot "Arc-sous-Montenot")
* [Aubonne](/wiki/Aubonne,_Doubs "Aubonne, Doubs")
* [Audeux](/wiki/Audeux "Audeux")
* [Audincourt](/wiki/Audincourt "Audincourt")
* [Autechaux](/wiki/Autechaux "Autechaux")
* [Autechaux-Roide](/wiki/Autechaux-Roide "Autechaux-Roide")
* [Les Auxons](/wiki/Les_Auxons "Les Auxons")
* [Avanne-Aveney](/wiki/Avanne-Aveney "Avanne-Aveney")
* [Avilley](/wiki/Avilley "Avilley")
* [Avoudrey](/wiki/Avoudrey "Avoudrey")
* [Badevel](/wiki/Badevel "Badevel")
* [Bannans](/wiki/Bannans "Bannans")
* [Le Barboux](/wiki/Le_Barboux "Le Barboux")
* [Bart](/wiki/Bart,_Doubs "Bart, Doubs")
* [Bartherans](/wiki/Bartherans "Bartherans")
* [Battenans-les-Mines](/wiki/Battenans-les-Mines "Battenans-les-Mines")
* [Battenans-Varin](/wiki/Battenans-Varin "Battenans-Varin")
* [Baume-les-Dames](/wiki/Baume-les-Dames "Baume-les-Dames")
* [Bavans](/wiki/Bavans "Bavans")
* [Belfays](/wiki/Belfays "Belfays")
* [Le Bélieu](/wiki/Le_B%C3%A9lieu "Le Bélieu")
* [Belleherbe](/wiki/Belleherbe "Belleherbe")
* [Belmont](/wiki/Belmont,_Doubs "Belmont, Doubs")
* [Belvoir](/wiki/Belvoir,_Doubs "Belvoir, Doubs")
* [Berche](/wiki/Berche "Berche")
* [Berthelange](/wiki/Berthelange "Berthelange")
* [Besançon](/wiki/Besan%C3%A7on "Besançon")
* [Bethoncourt](/wiki/Bethoncourt "Bethoncourt")
* [Beure](/wiki/Beure "Beure")
* [Beutal](/wiki/Beutal "Beutal")
* [Bians-les-Usiers](/wiki/Bians-les-Usiers "Bians-les-Usiers")
* [Bief](/wiki/Bief "Bief")
* [Le Bizot](/wiki/Le_Bizot "Le Bizot")
* [Blamont](/wiki/Blamont "Blamont")
* [Blarians](/wiki/Blarians "Blarians")
* [Blussangeaux](/wiki/Blussangeaux "Blussangeaux")
* [Blussans](/wiki/Blussans "Blussans")
* [Bolandoz](/wiki/Bolandoz "Bolandoz")
* [Bondeval](/wiki/Bondeval "Bondeval")
* [Bonnal](/wiki/Bonnal "Bonnal")
* [Bonnay](/wiki/Bonnay,_Doubs "Bonnay, Doubs")
* [Bonnétage](/wiki/Bonn%C3%A9tage "Bonnétage")
* [Bonnevaux](/wiki/Bonnevaux,_Doubs "Bonnevaux, Doubs")
* [La Bosse](/wiki/La_Bosse,_Doubs "La Bosse, Doubs")
* [Bouclans](/wiki/Bouclans "Bouclans")
* [Boujailles](/wiki/Boujailles "Boujailles")
* [Bourguignon](/wiki/Bourguignon,_Doubs "Bourguignon, Doubs")
* [Bournois](/wiki/Bournois "Bournois")
* [Boussières](/wiki/Boussi%C3%A8res "Boussières")
* [Bouverans](/wiki/Bouverans "Bouverans")
* [Braillans](/wiki/Braillans "Braillans")
* [Branne](/wiki/Branne,_Doubs "Branne, Doubs")
* [Breconchaux](/wiki/Breconchaux "Breconchaux")
* [Bremondans](/wiki/Bremondans "Bremondans")
* [Brères](/wiki/Br%C3%A8res "Brères")
* [Les Bréseux](/wiki/Les_Br%C3%A9seux "Les Bréseux")
* [La Bretenière](/wiki/La_Breteni%C3%A8re,_Doubs "La Bretenière, Doubs")
* [Bretigney](/wiki/Bretigney "Bretigney")
* [Bretigney-Notre-Dame](/wiki/Bretigney-Notre-Dame "Bretigney-Notre-Dame")
* [Bretonvillers](/wiki/Bretonvillers "Bretonvillers")
* [Brey-et-Maison-du-Bois](/wiki/Brey-et-Maison-du-Bois "Brey-et-Maison-du-Bois")
* [Brognard](/wiki/Brognard "Brognard")
* [Buffard](/wiki/Buffard "Buffard")
* [Bugny](/wiki/Bugny "Bugny")
* [Bulle](/wiki/Bulle,_Doubs "Bulle, Doubs")
* [Burgille](/wiki/Burgille "Burgille")
* [Burnevillers](/wiki/Burnevillers "Burnevillers")
* [Busy](/wiki/Busy,_Doubs "Busy, Doubs")
* [By](/wiki/By,_Doubs "By, Doubs")
* [Byans-sur-Doubs](/wiki/Byans-sur-Doubs "Byans-sur-Doubs")
* [Cademène](/wiki/Cadem%C3%A8ne "Cademène")
* [Cendrey](/wiki/Cendrey "Cendrey")
* [Cernay-l'Église](/wiki/Cernay-l%27%C3%89glise "Cernay-l'Église")
* [Cessey](/wiki/Cessey "Cessey")
* [Chaffois](/wiki/Chaffois "Chaffois")
* [Chalèze](/wiki/Chal%C3%A8ze "Chalèze")
* [Chalezeule](/wiki/Chalezeule "Chalezeule")
* [Chamesey](/wiki/Chamesey "Chamesey")
* [Chamesol](/wiki/Chamesol "Chamesol")
* [Champagney](/wiki/Champagney,_Doubs "Champagney, Doubs")
* [Champlive](/wiki/Champlive "Champlive")
* [Champoux](/wiki/Champoux "Champoux")
* [Champvans-les-Moulins](/wiki/Champvans-les-Moulins "Champvans-les-Moulins")
* [Chantrans](/wiki/Chantrans "Chantrans")
* [Chapelle-des-Bois](/wiki/Chapelle-des-Bois "Chapelle-des-Bois")
* [Chapelle-d'Huin](/wiki/Chapelle-d%27Huin "Chapelle-d'Huin")
* [Charmauvillers](/wiki/Charmauvillers "Charmauvillers")
* [Charmoille](/wiki/Charmoille,_Doubs "Charmoille, Doubs")
* [Charnay](/wiki/Charnay,_Doubs "Charnay, Doubs")
* [Charquemont](/wiki/Charquemont "Charquemont")
* [Chassagne-Saint-Denis](/wiki/Chassagne-Saint-Denis "Chassagne-Saint-Denis")
* [Châteauvieux-les-Fossés](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauvieux-les-Foss%C3%A9s "Châteauvieux-les-Fossés")
* [Châtelblanc](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telblanc "Châtelblanc")
* [Châtillon-Guyotte](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-Guyotte "Châtillon-Guyotte")
* [Châtillon-le-Duc](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-le-Duc "Châtillon-le-Duc")
* [Châtillon-sur-Lison](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-sur-Lison "Châtillon-sur-Lison")
* [Chaucenne](/wiki/Chaucenne "Chaucenne")
* [La Chaux](/wiki/La_Chaux,_Doubs "La Chaux, Doubs")
* [Chaux-lès-Passavant](/wiki/Chaux-l%C3%A8s-Passavant "Chaux-lès-Passavant")
* [Chaux-Neuve](/wiki/Chaux-Neuve "Chaux-Neuve")
* [Chay](/wiki/Chay,_Doubs "Chay, Doubs")
* [Chazot](/wiki/Chazot "Chazot")
* [Chemaudin et Vaux](/wiki/Chemaudin_et_Vaux "Chemaudin et Vaux")
* [La Chenalotte](/wiki/La_Chenalotte "La Chenalotte")
* [Chenecey-Buillon](/wiki/Chenecey-Buillon "Chenecey-Buillon")
* [Chevigney-lès-Vercel](/wiki/Chevigney-l%C3%A8s-Vercel "Chevigney-lès-Vercel")
* [Chevigney-sur-l'Ognon](/wiki/Chevigney-sur-l%27Ognon "Chevigney-sur-l'Ognon")
* [La Chevillotte](/wiki/La_Chevillotte "La Chevillotte")
* [Chevroz](/wiki/Chevroz "Chevroz")
* [Chouzelot](/wiki/Chouzelot "Chouzelot")
* [Cléron](/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ron "Cléron")
* [La Cluse-et-Mijoux](/wiki/La_Cluse-et-Mijoux "La Cluse-et-Mijoux")
* [Colombier-Fontaine](/wiki/Colombier-Fontaine "Colombier-Fontaine")
* [Les Combes](/wiki/Les_Combes "Les Combes")
* [Consolation-Maisonnettes](/wiki/Consolation-Maisonnettes "Consolation-Maisonnettes")
* [Corcelle-Mieslot](/wiki/Corcelle-Mieslot "Corcelle-Mieslot")
* [Corcelles-Ferrières](/wiki/Corcelles-Ferri%C3%A8res "Corcelles-Ferrières")
* [Corcondray](/wiki/Corcondray "Corcondray")
* [Côtebrune](/wiki/C%C3%B4tebrune "Côtebrune")
* [Courcelles](/wiki/Courcelles,_Doubs "Courcelles, Doubs")
* [Courcelles-lès-Montbéliard](/wiki/Courcelles-l%C3%A8s-Montb%C3%A9liard "Courcelles-lès-Montbéliard")
* [Courchapon](/wiki/Courchapon "Courchapon")
* [Cour-Saint-Maurice](/wiki/Cour-Saint-Maurice "Cour-Saint-Maurice")
* [Courtefontaine](/wiki/Courtefontaine,_Doubs "Courtefontaine, Doubs")
* [Courtetain-et-Salans](/wiki/Courtetain-et-Salans "Courtetain-et-Salans")
* [Courvières](/wiki/Courvi%C3%A8res "Courvières")
* [Crosey-le-Grand](/wiki/Crosey-le-Grand "Crosey-le-Grand")
* [Crosey-le-Petit](/wiki/Crosey-le-Petit "Crosey-le-Petit")
* [Le Crouzet](/wiki/Le_Crouzet "Le Crouzet")
* [Crouzet-Migette](/wiki/Crouzet-Migette "Crouzet-Migette")
* [Cubrial](/wiki/Cubrial "Cubrial")
* [Cubry](/wiki/Cubry "Cubry")
* [Cusance](/wiki/Cusance "Cusance")
* [Cuse-et-Adrisans](/wiki/Cuse-et-Adrisans "Cuse-et-Adrisans")
* [Cussey-sur-Lison](/wiki/Cussey-sur-Lison "Cussey-sur-Lison")
* [Cussey-sur-l'Ognon](/wiki/Cussey-sur-l%27Ognon "Cussey-sur-l'Ognon")
* [Dambelin](/wiki/Dambelin "Dambelin")
* [Dambenois](/wiki/Dambenois "Dambenois")
* [Dammartin-les-Templiers](/wiki/Dammartin-les-Templiers "Dammartin-les-Templiers")
* [Dampierre-les-Bois](/wiki/Dampierre-les-Bois "Dampierre-les-Bois")
* [Dampierre-sur-le-Doubs](/wiki/Dampierre-sur-le-Doubs "Dampierre-sur-le-Doubs")
* [Dampjoux](/wiki/Dampjoux "Dampjoux")
* [Damprichard](/wiki/Damprichard "Damprichard")
* [Dannemarie](/wiki/Dannemarie,_Doubs "Dannemarie, Doubs")
* [Dannemarie-sur-Crète](/wiki/Dannemarie-sur-Cr%C3%A8te "Dannemarie-sur-Crète")
* [Dasle](/wiki/Dasle "Dasle")
* [Deluz](/wiki/Deluz "Deluz")
* [Désandans](/wiki/D%C3%A9sandans "Désandans")
* [Déservillers](/wiki/D%C3%A9servillers "Déservillers")
* [Devecey](/wiki/Devecey "Devecey")
* [Dommartin](/wiki/Dommartin,_Doubs "Dommartin, Doubs")
* [Dompierre-les-Tilleuls](/wiki/Dompierre-les-Tilleuls "Dompierre-les-Tilleuls")
* [Domprel](/wiki/Domprel "Domprel")
* [Doubs](/wiki/Doubs,_Doubs "Doubs, Doubs")
* [Dung](/wiki/Dung,_Doubs "Dung, Doubs")
* [Durnes](/wiki/Durnes "Durnes")
* [Échay](/wiki/%C3%89chay "Échay")
* [Échenans](/wiki/%C3%89chenans "Échenans")
* [Échevannes](/wiki/%C3%89chevannes,_Doubs "Échevannes, Doubs")
* [École-Valentin](/wiki/%C3%89cole-Valentin "École-Valentin")
* [Les Écorces](/wiki/Les_%C3%89corces "Les Écorces")
* [Écot](/wiki/%C3%89cot "Écot")
* [L'Écouvotte](/wiki/L%27%C3%89couvotte "L'Écouvotte")
* [Écurcey](/wiki/%C3%89curcey "Écurcey")
* [Émagny](/wiki/%C3%89magny "Émagny")
* [Épenouse](/wiki/%C3%89penouse "Épenouse")
* [Épenoy](/wiki/%C3%89penoy "Épenoy")
* [Épeugney](/wiki/%C3%89peugney "Épeugney")
* [Esnans](/wiki/Esnans "Esnans")
* [Étalans](/wiki/%C3%89talans "Étalans")
* [Éternoz](/wiki/%C3%89ternoz "Éternoz")
* [Étouvans](/wiki/%C3%89touvans "Étouvans")
* [Étrabonne](/wiki/%C3%89trabonne "Étrabonne")
* [Étrappe](/wiki/%C3%89trappe "Étrappe")
* [Étray](/wiki/%C3%89tray "Étray")
* [Étupes](/wiki/%C3%89tupes "Étupes")
* [Évillers](/wiki/%C3%89villers "Évillers")
* [Exincourt](/wiki/Exincourt "Exincourt")
* [Eysson](/wiki/Eysson "Eysson")
* [Faimbe](/wiki/Faimbe "Faimbe")
* [Fallerans](/wiki/Fallerans "Fallerans")
* [Ferrières-le-Lac](/wiki/Ferri%C3%A8res-le-Lac "Ferrières-le-Lac")
* [Ferrières-les-Bois](/wiki/Ferri%C3%A8res-les-Bois "Ferrières-les-Bois")
* [Fertans](/wiki/Fertans "Fertans")
* [Fesches-le-Châtel](/wiki/Fesches-le-Ch%C3%A2tel "Fesches-le-Châtel")
* [Fessevillers](/wiki/Fessevillers "Fessevillers")
* [Feule](/wiki/Feule "Feule")
* [Les Fins](/wiki/Les_Fins "Les Fins")
* [Flagey](/wiki/Flagey,_Doubs "Flagey, Doubs")
* [Flagey-Rigney](/wiki/Flagey-Rigney "Flagey-Rigney")
* [Flangebouche](/wiki/Flangebouche "Flangebouche")
* [Fleurey](/wiki/Fleurey "Fleurey")
* [Fontain](/wiki/Fontain "Fontain")
* [Fontaine-lès-Clerval](/wiki/Fontaine-l%C3%A8s-Clerval "Fontaine-lès-Clerval")
* [Fontenelle-Montby](/wiki/Fontenelle-Montby "Fontenelle-Montby")
* [Les Fontenelles](/wiki/Les_Fontenelles "Les Fontenelles")
* [Fontenotte](/wiki/Fontenotte "Fontenotte")
* [Fourbanne](/wiki/Fourbanne "Fourbanne")
* [Fourcatier-et-Maison-Neuve](/wiki/Fourcatier-et-Maison-Neuve "Fourcatier-et-Maison-Neuve")
* [Fourg](/wiki/Fourg "Fourg")
* [Les Fourgs](/wiki/Les_Fourgs "Les Fourgs")
* [Fournet-Blancheroche](/wiki/Fournet-Blancheroche "Fournet-Blancheroche")
* [Fournets-Luisans](/wiki/Fournets-Luisans "Fournets-Luisans")
* [Frambouhans](/wiki/Frambouhans "Frambouhans")
* [Franey](/wiki/Franey "Franey")
* [Franois](/wiki/Franois "Franois")
* [Frasne](/wiki/Frasne "Frasne")
* [Froidevaux](/wiki/Froidevaux "Froidevaux")
* [Fuans](/wiki/Fuans "Fuans")
* [Gellin](/wiki/Gellin "Gellin")
* Gémonval
* [Geneuille](/wiki/Geneuille "Geneuille")
* [Geney](/wiki/Geney "Geney")
* [Gennes](/wiki/Gennes,_Doubs "Gennes, Doubs")
* [Germéfontaine](/wiki/Germ%C3%A9fontaine "Germéfontaine")
* [Germondans](/wiki/Germondans "Germondans")
* [Gevresin](/wiki/Gevresin "Gevresin")
* [Gilley](/wiki/Gilley,_Doubs "Gilley, Doubs")
* [Glamondans](/wiki/Glamondans "Glamondans")
* [Glay](/wiki/Glay,_Doubs "Glay, Doubs")
* [Glère](/wiki/Gl%C3%A8re "Glère")
* [Gondenans-les-Moulins](/wiki/Gondenans-les-Moulins "Gondenans-les-Moulins")
* [Gondenans-Montby](/wiki/Gondenans-Montby "Gondenans-Montby")
* [Gonsans](/wiki/Gonsans "Gonsans")
* [Gouhelans](/wiki/Gouhelans "Gouhelans")
* [Goumois](/wiki/Goumois,_Doubs "Goumois, Doubs")
* [Goux-lès-Dambelin](/wiki/Goux-l%C3%A8s-Dambelin "Goux-lès-Dambelin")
* [Goux-les-Usiers](/wiki/Goux-les-Usiers "Goux-les-Usiers")
* [Goux-sous-Landet](/wiki/Goux-sous-Landet "Goux-sous-Landet")
* [Grand-Charmont](/wiki/Grand-Charmont "Grand-Charmont")
* [Grand'Combe-Châteleu](/wiki/Grand%27Combe-Ch%C3%A2teleu "Grand'Combe-Châteleu")
* [Grand'Combe-des-Bois](/wiki/Grand%27Combe-des-Bois "Grand'Combe-des-Bois")
* [Grandfontaine](/wiki/Grandfontaine,_Doubs "Grandfontaine, Doubs")
* [Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse](/wiki/Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse "Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse")
* [La Grange](/wiki/La_Grange,_Doubs "La Grange, Doubs")
* [Granges-Narboz](/wiki/Granges-Narboz "Granges-Narboz")
* [Les Grangettes](/wiki/Les_Grangettes "Les Grangettes")
* [Les Gras](/wiki/Les_Gras "Les Gras")
* [Le Gratteris](/wiki/Le_Gratteris "Le Gratteris")
* [Grosbois](/wiki/Grosbois "Grosbois")
* [Guillon-les-Bains](/wiki/Guillon-les-Bains "Guillon-les-Bains")
* [Guyans-Durnes](/wiki/Guyans-Durnes "Guyans-Durnes")
* [Guyans-Vennes](/wiki/Guyans-Vennes "Guyans-Vennes")
* [Hauterive-la-Fresse](/wiki/Hauterive-la-Fresse "Hauterive-la-Fresse")
* [Hérimoncourt](/wiki/H%C3%A9rimoncourt "Hérimoncourt")
* [L'Hôpital-du-Grosbois](/wiki/L%27H%C3%B4pital-du-Grosbois "L'Hôpital-du-Grosbois")
* [L'Hôpital-Saint-Lieffroy](/wiki/L%27H%C3%B4pital-Saint-Lieffroy "L'Hôpital-Saint-Lieffroy")
* [Les Hôpitaux-Neufs](/wiki/Les_H%C3%B4pitaux-Neufs "Les Hôpitaux-Neufs")
* [Les Hôpitaux-Vieux](/wiki/Les_H%C3%B4pitaux-Vieux "Les Hôpitaux-Vieux")
* [Houtaud](/wiki/Houtaud "Houtaud")
* [Huanne-Montmartin](/wiki/Huanne-Montmartin "Huanne-Montmartin")
* [Hyémondans](/wiki/Hy%C3%A9mondans "Hyémondans")
* [Hyèvre-Magny](/wiki/Hy%C3%A8vre-Magny "Hyèvre-Magny")
* [Hyèvre-Paroisse](/wiki/Hy%C3%A8vre-Paroisse "Hyèvre-Paroisse")
* [Indevillers](/wiki/Indevillers "Indevillers")
* [L'Isle-sur-le-Doubs](/wiki/L%27Isle-sur-le-Doubs "L'Isle-sur-le-Doubs")
* [Issans](/wiki/Issans "Issans")
* [Jallerange](/wiki/Jallerange "Jallerange")
* [Jougne](/wiki/Jougne "Jougne")
* [Labergement-Sainte-Marie](/wiki/Labergement-Sainte-Marie "Labergement-Sainte-Marie")
* [Laire](/wiki/Laire "Laire")
* [Laissey](/wiki/Laissey "Laissey")
* [Lanans](/wiki/Lanans "Lanans")
* [Landresse](/wiki/Landresse "Landresse")
* [Lantenne-Vertière](/wiki/Lantenne-Verti%C3%A8re "Lantenne-Vertière")
* [Lanthenans](/wiki/Lanthenans "Lanthenans")
* [Larnod](/wiki/Larnod "Larnod")
* [Laval-le-Prieuré](/wiki/Laval-le-Prieur%C3%A9 "Laval-le-Prieuré")
* [Lavans-Quingey](/wiki/Lavans-Quingey "Lavans-Quingey")
* [Lavans-Vuillafans](/wiki/Lavans-Vuillafans "Lavans-Vuillafans")
* [Lavernay](/wiki/Lavernay "Lavernay")
* [Laviron](/wiki/Laviron "Laviron")
* [Levier](/wiki/Levier "Levier")
* [Liebvillers](/wiki/Liebvillers "Liebvillers")
* [Liesle](/wiki/Liesle "Liesle")
* [Lizine](/wiki/Lizine "Lizine")
* [Lods](/wiki/Lods "Lods")
* [Lombard](/wiki/Lombard,_Doubs "Lombard, Doubs")
* [Lomont-sur-Crête](/wiki/Lomont-sur-Cr%C3%AAte "Lomont-sur-Crête")
* [Longechaux](/wiki/Longechaux "Longechaux")
* [Longemaison](/wiki/Longemaison "Longemaison")
* [Longevelle-lès-Russey](/wiki/Longevelle-l%C3%A8s-Russey "Longevelle-lès-Russey")
* [Longevelle-sur-Doubs](/wiki/Longevelle-sur-Doubs "Longevelle-sur-Doubs")
* [Longeville](/wiki/Longeville "Longeville")
* [La Longeville](/wiki/La_Longeville "La Longeville")
* [Longevilles-Mont-d'Or](/wiki/Longevilles-Mont-d%27Or "Longevilles-Mont-d'Or")
* [Loray](/wiki/Loray "Loray")
* [Lougres](/wiki/Lougres "Lougres")
* [Le Luhier](/wiki/Le_Luhier "Le Luhier")
* [Luxiol](/wiki/Luxiol "Luxiol")
* [Magny-Châtelard](/wiki/Magny-Ch%C3%A2telard "Magny-Châtelard")
* [Maîche](/wiki/Ma%C3%AEche "Maîche")
* [Maisons-du-Bois-Lièvremont](/wiki/Maisons-du-Bois-Li%C3%A8vremont "Maisons-du-Bois-Lièvremont")
* [Malans](/wiki/Malans,_Doubs "Malans, Doubs")
* [Malbrans](/wiki/Malbrans "Malbrans")
* [Malbuisson](/wiki/Malbuisson "Malbuisson")
* [Malpas](/wiki/Malpas,_Doubs "Malpas, Doubs")
* [Mamirolle](/wiki/Mamirolle "Mamirolle")
* [Mancenans](/wiki/Mancenans "Mancenans")
* [Mancenans-Lizerne](/wiki/Mancenans-Lizerne "Mancenans-Lizerne")
* [Mandeure](/wiki/Mandeure "Mandeure")
* [Marchaux-Chaudefontaine](/wiki/Marchaux-Chaudefontaine "Marchaux-Chaudefontaine")
* [Marvelise](/wiki/Marvelise "Marvelise")
* [Mathay](/wiki/Mathay "Mathay")
* [Mazerolles-le-Salin](/wiki/Mazerolles-le-Salin "Mazerolles-le-Salin")
* [Médière](/wiki/M%C3%A9di%C3%A8re "Médière")
* [Le Mémont](/wiki/Le_M%C3%A9mont "Le Mémont")
* [Mercey-le-Grand](/wiki/Mercey-le-Grand "Mercey-le-Grand")
* [Mérey-sous-Montrond](/wiki/M%C3%A9rey-sous-Montrond "Mérey-sous-Montrond")
* [Mérey-Vieilley](/wiki/M%C3%A9rey-Vieilley "Mérey-Vieilley")
* [Mésandans](/wiki/M%C3%A9sandans "Mésandans")
* [Meslières](/wiki/Mesli%C3%A8res "Meslières")
* [Mesmay](/wiki/Mesmay "Mesmay")
* [Métabief](/wiki/M%C3%A9tabief "Métabief")
* [Miserey-Salines](/wiki/Miserey-Salines "Miserey-Salines")
* [Moncey](/wiki/Moncey,_Doubs "Moncey, Doubs")
* [Moncley](/wiki/Moncley "Moncley")
* [Mondon](/wiki/Mondon "Mondon")
* [Montagney-Servigney](/wiki/Montagney-Servigney "Montagney-Servigney")
* [Montancy](/wiki/Montancy "Montancy")
* [Montandon](/wiki/Montandon "Montandon")
* [Montbéliard](/wiki/Montb%C3%A9liard "Montbéliard")
* [Montbéliardot](/wiki/Montb%C3%A9liardot "Montbéliardot")
* [Montbenoît](/wiki/Montbeno%C3%AEt "Montbenoît")
* [Mont-de-Laval](/wiki/Mont-de-Laval "Mont-de-Laval")
* [Mont-de-Vougney](/wiki/Mont-de-Vougney "Mont-de-Vougney")
* [Montécheroux](/wiki/Mont%C3%A9cheroux "Montécheroux")
* [Montenois](/wiki/Montenois "Montenois")
* [Montfaucon](/wiki/Montfaucon,_Doubs "Montfaucon, Doubs")
* [Montferrand-le-Château](/wiki/Montferrand-le-Ch%C3%A2teau "Montferrand-le-Château")
* [Montflovin](/wiki/Montflovin "Montflovin")
* [Montgesoye](/wiki/Montgesoye "Montgesoye")
* [Montivernage](/wiki/Montivernage "Montivernage")
* [Montjoie-le-Château](/wiki/Montjoie-le-Ch%C3%A2teau "Montjoie-le-Château")
* [Montlebon](/wiki/Montlebon "Montlebon")
* [Montmahoux](/wiki/Montmahoux "Montmahoux")
* [Montperreux](/wiki/Montperreux "Montperreux")
* [Montrond-le-Château](/wiki/Montrond-le-Ch%C3%A2teau "Montrond-le-Château")
* [Montussaint](/wiki/Montussaint "Montussaint")
* [Morre](/wiki/Morre "Morre")
* [Morteau](/wiki/Morteau "Morteau")
* [Mouthe](/wiki/Mouthe "Mouthe")
* [Le Moutherot](/wiki/Le_Moutherot "Le Moutherot")
* [Mouthier-Haute-Pierre](/wiki/Mouthier-Haute-Pierre "Mouthier-Haute-Pierre")
* [Myon](/wiki/Myon,_Doubs "Myon, Doubs")
* [Naisey-les-Granges](/wiki/Naisey-les-Granges "Naisey-les-Granges")
* [Nancray](/wiki/Nancray "Nancray")
* [Nans](/wiki/Nans,_Doubs "Nans, Doubs")
* [Nans-sous-Sainte-Anne](/wiki/Nans-sous-Sainte-Anne "Nans-sous-Sainte-Anne")
* [Narbief](/wiki/Narbief "Narbief")
* [Neuchâtel-Urtière](/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel-Urti%C3%A8re "Neuchâtel-Urtière")
* [Noël-Cerneux](/wiki/No%C3%ABl-Cerneux "Noël-Cerneux")
* [Noirefontaine](/wiki/Noirefontaine "Noirefontaine")
* [Noironte](/wiki/Noironte "Noironte")
* [Nommay](/wiki/Nommay "Nommay")
* [Novillars](/wiki/Novillars "Novillars")
* [Ollans](/wiki/Ollans "Ollans")
* [Onans](/wiki/Onans "Onans")
* [Orchamps-Vennes](/wiki/Orchamps-Vennes "Orchamps-Vennes")
* [Orgeans-Blanchefontaine](/wiki/Orgeans-Blanchefontaine "Orgeans-Blanchefontaine")
* [Ornans](/wiki/Ornans "Ornans")
* [Orsans](/wiki/Orsans,_Doubs "Orsans, Doubs")
* [Orve](/wiki/Orve "Orve")
* [Osse](/wiki/Osse,_Doubs "Osse, Doubs")
* [Osselle-Routelle](/wiki/Osselle-Routelle "Osselle-Routelle")
* [Ougney-Douvot](/wiki/Ougney-Douvot "Ougney-Douvot")
* [Ouhans](/wiki/Ouhans "Ouhans")
* [Ouvans](/wiki/Ouvans "Ouvans")
* [Oye-et-Pallet](/wiki/Oye-et-Pallet "Oye-et-Pallet")
* [Palantine](/wiki/Palantine "Palantine")
* [Palise](/wiki/Palise "Palise")
* [Paroy](/wiki/Paroy,_Doubs "Paroy, Doubs")
* [Passavant](/wiki/Passavant,_Doubs "Passavant, Doubs")
* [Passonfontaine](/wiki/Passonfontaine "Passonfontaine")
* [Pays-de-Clerval](/wiki/Pays-de-Clerval "Pays-de-Clerval")
* [Pelousey](/wiki/Pelousey "Pelousey")
* [Péseux](/wiki/P%C3%A9seux "Péseux")
* [Pessans](/wiki/Pessans "Pessans")
* [Petite-Chaux](/wiki/Petite-Chaux "Petite-Chaux")
* [Pierrefontaine-lès-Blamont](/wiki/Pierrefontaine-l%C3%A8s-Blamont "Pierrefontaine-lès-Blamont")
* [Pierrefontaine-les-Varans](/wiki/Pierrefontaine-les-Varans "Pierrefontaine-les-Varans")
* [Pirey](/wiki/Pirey "Pirey")
* [Placey](/wiki/Placey "Placey")
* [Plaimbois-du-Miroir](/wiki/Plaimbois-du-Miroir "Plaimbois-du-Miroir")
* [Plaimbois-Vennes](/wiki/Plaimbois-Vennes "Plaimbois-Vennes")
* [Les Plains-et-Grands-Essarts](/wiki/Les_Plains-et-Grands-Essarts "Les Plains-et-Grands-Essarts")
* [La Planée](/wiki/La_Plan%C3%A9e "La Planée")
* [Pompierre-sur-Doubs](/wiki/Pompierre-sur-Doubs "Pompierre-sur-Doubs")
* [Pontarlier](/wiki/Pontarlier "Pontarlier")
* [Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans](/wiki/Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans "Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans")
* [Les Pontets](/wiki/Les_Pontets "Les Pontets")
* [Pont-les-Moulins](/wiki/Pont-les-Moulins "Pont-les-Moulins")
* [Pouilley-Français](/wiki/Pouilley-Fran%C3%A7ais "Pouilley-Français")
* [Pouilley-les-Vignes](/wiki/Pouilley-les-Vignes "Pouilley-les-Vignes")
* [Pouligney-Lusans](/wiki/Pouligney-Lusans "Pouligney-Lusans")
* [Les Premiers-Sapins](/wiki/Les_Premiers-Sapins "Les Premiers-Sapins")
* [Présentevillers](/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sentevillers "Présentevillers")
* [La Prétière](/wiki/La_Pr%C3%A9ti%C3%A8re "La Prétière")
* [Provenchère](/wiki/Provench%C3%A8re,_Doubs "Provenchère, Doubs")
* [Puessans](/wiki/Puessans "Puessans")
* [Pugey](/wiki/Pugey "Pugey")
* [Le Puy](/wiki/Le_Puy,_Doubs "Le Puy, Doubs")
* [Quingey](/wiki/Quingey "Quingey")
* [Rahon](/wiki/Rahon,_Doubs "Rahon, Doubs")
* [Rancenay](/wiki/Rancenay "Rancenay")
* [Randevillers](/wiki/Randevillers "Randevillers")
* [Rang](/wiki/Rang,_Doubs "Rang, Doubs")
* [Raynans](/wiki/Raynans "Raynans")
* [Recologne](/wiki/Recologne,_Doubs "Recologne, Doubs")
* [Reculfoz](/wiki/Reculfoz "Reculfoz")
* [Rémondans-Vaivre](/wiki/R%C3%A9mondans-Vaivre "Rémondans-Vaivre")
* [Remoray-Boujeons](/wiki/Remoray-Boujeons "Remoray-Boujeons")
* [Renédale](/wiki/Ren%C3%A9dale "Renédale")
* [Rennes-sur-Loue](/wiki/Rennes-sur-Loue "Rennes-sur-Loue")
* [Reugney](/wiki/Reugney "Reugney")
* [Rigney](/wiki/Rigney "Rigney")
* [Rignosot](/wiki/Rignosot "Rignosot")
* [Rillans](/wiki/Rillans "Rillans")
* [La Rivière-Drugeon](/wiki/La_Rivi%C3%A8re-Drugeon "La Rivière-Drugeon")
* [Rochejean](/wiki/Rochejean "Rochejean")
* [Roche-lès-Clerval](/wiki/Roche-l%C3%A8s-Clerval "Roche-lès-Clerval")
* [Roche-lez-Beaupré](/wiki/Roche-lez-Beaupr%C3%A9 "Roche-lez-Beaupré")
* [Roches-lès-Blamont](/wiki/Roches-l%C3%A8s-Blamont "Roches-lès-Blamont")
* [Rognon](/wiki/Rognon,_Doubs "Rognon, Doubs")
* [Romain](/wiki/Romain,_Doubs "Romain, Doubs")
* [Ronchaux](/wiki/Ronchaux "Ronchaux")
* [Rondefontaine](/wiki/Rondefontaine "Rondefontaine")
* [Roset-Fluans](/wiki/Roset-Fluans "Roset-Fluans")
* [Rosières-sur-Barbèche](/wiki/Rosi%C3%A8res-sur-Barb%C3%A8che "Rosières-sur-Barbèche")
* [Rosureux](/wiki/Rosureux "Rosureux")
* [Rougemont](/wiki/Rougemont,_Doubs "Rougemont, Doubs")
* [Rougemontot](/wiki/Rougemontot "Rougemontot")
* [Rouhe](/wiki/Rouhe "Rouhe")
* [Roulans](/wiki/Roulans "Roulans")
* [Ruffey-le-Château](/wiki/Ruffey-le-Ch%C3%A2teau "Ruffey-le-Château")
* [Rurey](/wiki/Rurey "Rurey")
* [Le Russey](/wiki/Le_Russey "Le Russey")
* [Saint-Antoine](/wiki/Saint-Antoine,_Doubs "Saint-Antoine, Doubs")
* [Sainte-Anne](/wiki/Sainte-Anne,_Doubs "Sainte-Anne, Doubs")
* [Sainte-Colombe](/wiki/Sainte-Colombe,_Doubs "Sainte-Colombe, Doubs")
* [Sainte-Marie](/wiki/Sainte-Marie,_Doubs "Sainte-Marie, Doubs")
* [Sainte-Suzanne](/wiki/Sainte-Suzanne,_Doubs "Sainte-Suzanne, Doubs")
* [Saint-Georges-Armont](/wiki/Saint-Georges-Armont "Saint-Georges-Armont")
* [Saint-Gorgon-Main](/wiki/Saint-Gorgon-Main "Saint-Gorgon-Main")
* [Saint-Hilaire](/wiki/Saint-Hilaire,_Doubs "Saint-Hilaire, Doubs")
* [Saint-Hippolyte](/wiki/Saint-Hippolyte,_Doubs "Saint-Hippolyte, Doubs")
* [Saint-Juan](/wiki/Saint-Juan "Saint-Juan")
* [Saint-Julien-lès-Montbéliard](/wiki/Saint-Julien-l%C3%A8s-Montb%C3%A9liard "Saint-Julien-lès-Montbéliard")
* [Saint-Julien-lès-Russey](/wiki/Saint-Julien-l%C3%A8s-Russey "Saint-Julien-lès-Russey")
* [Saint-Maurice-Colombier](/wiki/Saint-Maurice-Colombier "Saint-Maurice-Colombier")
* [Saint-Point-Lac](/wiki/Saint-Point-Lac "Saint-Point-Lac")
* [Saint-Vit](/wiki/Saint-Vit "Saint-Vit")
* [Samson](/wiki/Samson,_Doubs "Samson, Doubs")
* [Sancey](/wiki/Sancey "Sancey")
* [Saône](/wiki/Sa%C3%B4ne,_Doubs "Saône, Doubs")
* [Saraz](/wiki/Saraz "Saraz")
* [Sarrageois](/wiki/Sarrageois "Sarrageois")
* [Saules](/wiki/Saules,_Doubs "Saules, Doubs")
* [Sauvagney](/wiki/Sauvagney "Sauvagney")
* [Scey-Maisières](/wiki/Scey-Maisi%C3%A8res "Scey-Maisières")
* [Séchin](/wiki/S%C3%A9chin "Séchin")
* [Seloncourt](/wiki/Seloncourt "Seloncourt")
* [Semondans](/wiki/Semondans "Semondans")
* [Septfontaines](/wiki/Septfontaines,_Doubs "Septfontaines, Doubs")
* [Serre-les-Sapins](/wiki/Serre-les-Sapins "Serre-les-Sapins")
* [Servin](/wiki/Servin "Servin")
* [Silley-Amancey](/wiki/Silley-Amancey "Silley-Amancey")
* [Silley-Bléfond](/wiki/Silley-Bl%C3%A9fond "Silley-Bléfond")
* [Sochaux](/wiki/Sochaux "Sochaux")
* [Solemont](/wiki/Solemont "Solemont")
* [Sombacour](/wiki/Sombacour "Sombacour")
* [La Sommette](/wiki/La_Sommette "La Sommette")
* [Soulce-Cernay](/wiki/Soulce-Cernay "Soulce-Cernay")
* [Sourans](/wiki/Sourans "Sourans")
* [Soye](/wiki/Soye "Soye")
* [Surmont](/wiki/Surmont "Surmont")
* [Taillecourt](/wiki/Taillecourt "Taillecourt")
* [Tallans](/wiki/Tallans "Tallans")
* [Tallenay](/wiki/Tallenay "Tallenay")
* [Tarcenay-Foucherans](/wiki/Tarcenay-Foucherans "Tarcenay-Foucherans")
* [Les Terres-de-Chaux](/wiki/Les_Terres-de-Chaux "Les Terres-de-Chaux")
* [Thiébouhans](/wiki/Thi%C3%A9bouhans "Thiébouhans")
* [Thise](/wiki/Thise "Thise")
* [Thoraise](/wiki/Thoraise "Thoraise")
* [Thulay](/wiki/Thulay "Thulay")
* [Thurey-le-Mont](/wiki/Thurey-le-Mont "Thurey-le-Mont")
* [Torpes](/wiki/Torpes,_Doubs "Torpes, Doubs")
* [Touillon-et-Loutelet](/wiki/Touillon-et-Loutelet "Touillon-et-Loutelet")
* [La Tour-de-Sçay](/wiki/La_Tour-de-S%C3%A7ay "La Tour-de-Sçay")
* [Tournans](/wiki/Tournans "Tournans")
* [Trépot](/wiki/Tr%C3%A9pot "Trépot")
* [Tressandans](/wiki/Tressandans "Tressandans")
* [Trévillers](/wiki/Tr%C3%A9villers "Trévillers")
* [Trouvans](/wiki/Trouvans "Trouvans")
* [Urtière](/wiki/Urti%C3%A8re "Urtière")
* [Uzelle](/wiki/Uzelle "Uzelle")
* [Vaire](/wiki/Vaire "Vaire")
* [Le Val](/wiki/Le_Val,_Doubs "Le Val, Doubs")
* [Valdahon](/wiki/Valdahon "Valdahon")
* [Val-de-Roulans](/wiki/Val-de-Roulans "Val-de-Roulans")
* [Valentigney](/wiki/Valentigney "Valentigney")
* [Valleroy](/wiki/Valleroy,_Doubs "Valleroy, Doubs")
* [Valonne](/wiki/Valonne "Valonne")
* [Valoreille](/wiki/Valoreille "Valoreille")
* [Vandoncourt](/wiki/Vandoncourt "Vandoncourt")
* [Vaucluse](/wiki/Vaucluse,_Doubs "Vaucluse, Doubs")
* [Vauclusotte](/wiki/Vauclusotte "Vauclusotte")
* [Vaudrivillers](/wiki/Vaudrivillers "Vaudrivillers")
* [Vaufrey](/wiki/Vaufrey "Vaufrey")
* [Vaux-et-Chantegrue](/wiki/Vaux-et-Chantegrue "Vaux-et-Chantegrue")
* [Velesmes-Essarts](/wiki/Velesmes-Essarts "Velesmes-Essarts")
* [Vellerot-lès-Belvoir](/wiki/Vellerot-l%C3%A8s-Belvoir "Vellerot-lès-Belvoir")
* [Vellerot-lès-Vercel](/wiki/Vellerot-l%C3%A8s-Vercel "Vellerot-lès-Vercel")
* [Vellevans](/wiki/Vellevans "Vellevans")
* [Venise](/wiki/Venise,_Doubs "Venise, Doubs")
* [Vennans](/wiki/Vennans "Vennans")
* [Vennes](/wiki/Vennes "Vennes")
* [Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp](/wiki/Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp "Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp")
* [Vergranne](/wiki/Vergranne "Vergranne")
* [Verne](/wiki/Verne,_Doubs "Verne, Doubs")
* [Vernierfontaine](/wiki/Vernierfontaine "Vernierfontaine")
* [Vernois-lès-Belvoir](/wiki/Vernois-l%C3%A8s-Belvoir "Vernois-lès-Belvoir")
* [Le Vernoy](/wiki/Le_Vernoy "Le Vernoy")
* [Verrières-de-Joux](/wiki/Verri%C3%A8res-de-Joux "Verrières-de-Joux")
* [La Vèze](/wiki/La_V%C3%A8ze "La Vèze")
* [Vieilley](/wiki/Vieilley "Vieilley")
* [Viéthorey](/wiki/Vi%C3%A9thorey "Viéthorey")
* [Vieux-Charmont](/wiki/Vieux-Charmont "Vieux-Charmont")
* [Villars-lès-Blamont](/wiki/Villars-l%C3%A8s-Blamont "Villars-lès-Blamont")
* [Villars-Saint-Georges](/wiki/Villars-Saint-Georges "Villars-Saint-Georges")
* [Villars-sous-Dampjoux](/wiki/Villars-sous-Dampjoux "Villars-sous-Dampjoux")
* [Villars-sous-Écot](/wiki/Villars-sous-%C3%89cot "Villars-sous-Écot")
* [Les Villedieu](/wiki/Les_Villedieu "Les Villedieu")
* [Ville-du-Pont](/wiki/Ville-du-Pont "Ville-du-Pont")
* [Villeneuve-d'Amont](/wiki/Villeneuve-d%27Amont "Villeneuve-d'Amont")
* [Villers-Buzon](/wiki/Villers-Buzon "Villers-Buzon")
* [Villers-Chief](/wiki/Villers-Chief "Villers-Chief")
* [Villers-Grélot](/wiki/Villers-Gr%C3%A9lot "Villers-Grélot")
* [Villers-la-Combe](/wiki/Villers-la-Combe "Villers-la-Combe")
* [Villers-le-Lac](/wiki/Villers-le-Lac "Villers-le-Lac")
* [Villers-Saint-Martin](/wiki/Villers-Saint-Martin "Villers-Saint-Martin")
* [Villers-sous-Chalamont](/wiki/Villers-sous-Chalamont "Villers-sous-Chalamont")
* [Villers-sous-Montrond](/wiki/Villers-sous-Montrond "Villers-sous-Montrond")
* [Voillans](/wiki/Voillans "Voillans")
* [Voires](/wiki/Voires "Voires")
* [Vorges-les-Pins](/wiki/Vorges-les-Pins "Vorges-les-Pins")
* [Voujeaucourt](/wiki/Voujeaucourt "Voujeaucourt")
* [Vuillafans](/wiki/Vuillafans "Vuillafans")
* [Vuillecin](/wiki/Vuillecin "Vuillecin")
* [Vyt-lès-Belvoir](/wiki/Vyt-l%C3%A8s-Belvoir "Vyt-lès-Belvoir")
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9monval&action=edit)*. | | Gémonval |
| --- |
| Commune |
| |
| Location of Gémonval
|
| GémonvalShow map of FranceGémonvalShow map of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Coordinates: 47°31′59″N 6°35′21″E / 47.5331°N 6.5892°E / 47.5331; 6.5892Coordinates: 47°31′59″N 6°35′21″E / 47.5331°N 6.5892°E / 47.5331; 6.5892 |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Doubs |
| Arrondissement | Montbéliard |
| Canton | Bavans |
| Intercommunality | Deux Vallées Vertes |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Fabrice Vrillacq |
| Area1 | 3.39 km2 (1.31 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[1] | 84 |
| • Density | 25/km2 (64/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 25264 /25250 |
| Elevation | 305–513 m (1,001–1,683 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Gémonval is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
References
↑ "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
| * v
* t
* e
Communes of the Doubs department |
| --- |
|
* Abbans-Dessous
* Abbans-Dessus
* Abbenans
* Abbévillers
* Accolans
* Adam-lès-Passavant
* Adam-lès-Vercel
* Aibre
* Aïssey
* Allenjoie
* Les Alliés
* Allondans
* Amagney
* Amancey
* Amathay-Vésigneux
* Amondans
* Anteuil
* Appenans
* Arbouans
* Arc-et-Senans
* Arcey
* Arçon
* Arc-sous-Cicon
* Arc-sous-Montenot
* Aubonne
* Audeux
* Audincourt
* Autechaux
* Autechaux-Roide
* Les Auxons
* Avanne-Aveney
* Avilley
* Avoudrey
* Badevel
* Bannans
* Le Barboux
* Bart
* Bartherans
* Battenans-les-Mines
* Battenans-Varin
* Baume-les-Dames
* Bavans
* Belfays
* Le Bélieu
* Belleherbe
* Belmont
* Belvoir
* Berche
* Berthelange
* Besançon
* Bethoncourt
* Beure
* Beutal
* Bians-les-Usiers
* Bief
* Le Bizot
* Blamont
* Blarians
* Blussangeaux
* Blussans
* Bolandoz
* Bondeval
* Bonnal
* Bonnay
* Bonnétage
* Bonnevaux
* La Bosse
* Bouclans
* Boujailles
* Bourguignon
* Bournois
* Boussières
* Bouverans
* Braillans
* Branne
* Breconchaux
* Bremondans
* Brères
* Les Bréseux
* La Bretenière
* Bretigney
* Bretigney-Notre-Dame
* Bretonvillers
* Brey-et-Maison-du-Bois
* Brognard
* Buffard
* Bugny
* Bulle
* Burgille
* Burnevillers
* Busy
* By
* Byans-sur-Doubs
* Cademène
* Cendrey
* Cernay-l'Église
* Cessey
* Chaffois
* Chalèze
* Chalezeule
* Chamesey
* Chamesol
* Champagney
* Champlive
* Champoux
* Champvans-les-Moulins
* Chantrans
* Chapelle-des-Bois
* Chapelle-d'Huin
* Charmauvillers
* Charmoille
* Charnay
* Charquemont
* Chassagne-Saint-Denis
* Châteauvieux-les-Fossés
* Châtelblanc
* Châtillon-Guyotte
* Châtillon-le-Duc
* Châtillon-sur-Lison
* Chaucenne
* La Chaux
* Chaux-lès-Passavant
* Chaux-Neuve
* Chay
* Chazot
* Chemaudin et Vaux
* La Chenalotte
* Chenecey-Buillon
* Chevigney-lès-Vercel
* Chevigney-sur-l'Ognon
* La Chevillotte
* Chevroz
* Chouzelot
* Cléron
* La Cluse-et-Mijoux
* Colombier-Fontaine
* Les Combes
* Consolation-Maisonnettes
* Corcelle-Mieslot
* Corcelles-Ferrières
* Corcondray
* Côtebrune
* Courcelles
* Courcelles-lès-Montbéliard
* Courchapon
* Cour-Saint-Maurice
* Courtefontaine
* Courtetain-et-Salans
* Courvières
* Crosey-le-Grand
* Crosey-le-Petit
* Le Crouzet
* Crouzet-Migette
* Cubrial
* Cubry
* Cusance
* Cuse-et-Adrisans
* Cussey-sur-Lison
* Cussey-sur-l'Ognon
* Dambelin
* Dambenois
* Dammartin-les-Templiers
* Dampierre-les-Bois
* Dampierre-sur-le-Doubs
* Dampjoux
* Damprichard
* Dannemarie
* Dannemarie-sur-Crète
* Dasle
* Deluz
* Désandans
* Déservillers
* Devecey
* Dommartin
* Dompierre-les-Tilleuls
* Domprel
* Doubs
* Dung
* Durnes
* Échay
* Échenans
* Échevannes
* École-Valentin
* Les Écorces
* Écot
* L'Écouvotte
* Écurcey
* Émagny
* Épenouse
* Épenoy
* Épeugney
* Esnans
* Étalans
* Éternoz
* Étouvans
* Étrabonne
* Étrappe
* Étray
* Étupes
* Évillers
* Exincourt
* Eysson
* Faimbe
* Fallerans
* Ferrières-le-Lac
* Ferrières-les-Bois
* Fertans
* Fesches-le-Châtel
* Fessevillers
* Feule
* Les Fins
* Flagey
* Flagey-Rigney
* Flangebouche
* Fleurey
* Fontain
* Fontaine-lès-Clerval
* Fontenelle-Montby
* Les Fontenelles
* Fontenotte
* Fourbanne
* Fourcatier-et-Maison-Neuve
* Fourg
* Les Fourgs
* Fournet-Blancheroche
* Fournets-Luisans
* Frambouhans
* Franey
* Franois
* Frasne
* Froidevaux
* Fuans
* Gellin
* Gémonval
* Geneuille
* Geney
* Gennes
* Germéfontaine
* Germondans
* Gevresin
* Gilley
* Glamondans
* Glay
* Glère
* Gondenans-les-Moulins
* Gondenans-Montby
* Gonsans
* Gouhelans
* Goumois
* Goux-lès-Dambelin
* Goux-les-Usiers
* Goux-sous-Landet
* Grand-Charmont
* Grand'Combe-Châteleu
* Grand'Combe-des-Bois
* Grandfontaine
* Grandfontaine-sur-Creuse
* La Grange
* Granges-Narboz
* Les Grangettes
* Les Gras
* Le Gratteris
* Grosbois
* Guillon-les-Bains
* Guyans-Durnes
* Guyans-Vennes
* Hauterive-la-Fresse
* Hérimoncourt
* L'Hôpital-du-Grosbois
* L'Hôpital-Saint-Lieffroy
* Les Hôpitaux-Neufs
* Les Hôpitaux-Vieux
* Houtaud
* Huanne-Montmartin
* Hyémondans
* Hyèvre-Magny
* Hyèvre-Paroisse
* Indevillers
* L'Isle-sur-le-Doubs
* Issans
* Jallerange
* Jougne
* Labergement-Sainte-Marie
* Laire
* Laissey
* Lanans
* Landresse
* Lantenne-Vertière
* Lanthenans
* Larnod
* Laval-le-Prieuré
* Lavans-Quingey
* Lavans-Vuillafans
* Lavernay
* Laviron
* Levier
* Liebvillers
* Liesle
* Lizine
* Lods
* Lombard
* Lomont-sur-Crête
* Longechaux
* Longemaison
* Longevelle-lès-Russey
* Longevelle-sur-Doubs
* Longeville
* La Longeville
* Longevilles-Mont-d'Or
* Loray
* Lougres
* Le Luhier
* Luxiol
* Magny-Châtelard
* Maîche
* Maisons-du-Bois-Lièvremont
* Malans
* Malbrans
* Malbuisson
* Malpas
* Mamirolle
* Mancenans
* Mancenans-Lizerne
* Mandeure
* Marchaux-Chaudefontaine
* Marvelise
* Mathay
* Mazerolles-le-Salin
* Médière
* Le Mémont
* Mercey-le-Grand
* Mérey-sous-Montrond
* Mérey-Vieilley
* Mésandans
* Meslières
* Mesmay
* Métabief
* Miserey-Salines
* Moncey
* Moncley
* Mondon
* Montagney-Servigney
* Montancy
* Montandon
* Montbéliard
* Montbéliardot
* Montbenoît
* Mont-de-Laval
* Mont-de-Vougney
* Montécheroux
* Montenois
* Montfaucon
* Montferrand-le-Château
* Montflovin
* Montgesoye
* Montivernage
* Montjoie-le-Château
* Montlebon
* Montmahoux
* Montperreux
* Montrond-le-Château
* Montussaint
* Morre
* Morteau
* Mouthe
* Le Moutherot
* Mouthier-Haute-Pierre
* Myon
* Naisey-les-Granges
* Nancray
* Nans
* Nans-sous-Sainte-Anne
* Narbief
* Neuchâtel-Urtière
* Noël-Cerneux
* Noirefontaine
* Noironte
* Nommay
* Novillars
* Ollans
* Onans
* Orchamps-Vennes
* Orgeans-Blanchefontaine
* Ornans
* Orsans
* Orve
* Osse
* Osselle-Routelle
* Ougney-Douvot
* Ouhans
* Ouvans
* Oye-et-Pallet
* Palantine
* Palise
* Paroy
* Passavant
* Passonfontaine
* Pays-de-Clerval
* Pelousey
* Péseux
* Pessans
* Petite-Chaux
* Pierrefontaine-lès-Blamont
* Pierrefontaine-les-Varans
* Pirey
* Placey
* Plaimbois-du-Miroir
* Plaimbois-Vennes
* Les Plains-et-Grands-Essarts
* La Planée
* Pompierre-sur-Doubs
* Pontarlier
* Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans
* Les Pontets
* Pont-les-Moulins
* Pouilley-Français
* Pouilley-les-Vignes
* Pouligney-Lusans
* Les Premiers-Sapins
* Présentevillers
* La Prétière
* Provenchère
* Puessans
* Pugey
* Le Puy
* Quingey
* Rahon
* Rancenay
* Randevillers
* Rang
* Raynans
* Recologne
* Reculfoz
* Rémondans-Vaivre
* Remoray-Boujeons
* Renédale
* Rennes-sur-Loue
* Reugney
* Rigney
* Rignosot
* Rillans
* La Rivière-Drugeon
* Rochejean
* Roche-lès-Clerval
* Roche-lez-Beaupré
* Roches-lès-Blamont
* Rognon
* Romain
* Ronchaux
* Rondefontaine
* Roset-Fluans
* Rosières-sur-Barbèche
* Rosureux
* Rougemont
* Rougemontot
* Rouhe
* Roulans
* Ruffey-le-Château
* Rurey
* Le Russey
* Saint-Antoine
* Sainte-Anne
* Sainte-Colombe
* Sainte-Marie
* Sainte-Suzanne
* Saint-Georges-Armont
* Saint-Gorgon-Main
* Saint-Hilaire
* Saint-Hippolyte
* Saint-Juan
* Saint-Julien-lès-Montbéliard
* Saint-Julien-lès-Russey
* Saint-Maurice-Colombier
* Saint-Point-Lac
* Saint-Vit
* Samson
* Sancey
* Saône
* Saraz
* Sarrageois
* Saules
* Sauvagney
* Scey-Maisières
* Séchin
* Seloncourt
* Semondans
* Septfontaines
* Serre-les-Sapins
* Servin
* Silley-Amancey
* Silley-Bléfond
* Sochaux
* Solemont
* Sombacour
* La Sommette
* Soulce-Cernay
* Sourans
* Soye
* Surmont
* Taillecourt
* Tallans
* Tallenay
* Tarcenay-Foucherans
* Les Terres-de-Chaux
* Thiébouhans
* Thise
* Thoraise
* Thulay
* Thurey-le-Mont
* Torpes
* Touillon-et-Loutelet
* La Tour-de-Sçay
* Tournans
* Trépot
* Tressandans
* Trévillers
* Trouvans
* Urtière
* Uzelle
* Vaire
* Le Val
* Valdahon
* Val-de-Roulans
* Valentigney
* Valleroy
* Valonne
* Valoreille
* Vandoncourt
* Vaucluse
* Vauclusotte
* Vaudrivillers
* Vaufrey
* Vaux-et-Chantegrue
* Velesmes-Essarts
* Vellerot-lès-Belvoir
* Vellerot-lès-Vercel
* Vellevans
* Venise
* Vennans
* Vennes
* Vercel-Villedieu-le-Camp
* Vergranne
* Verne
* Vernierfontaine
* Vernois-lès-Belvoir
* Le Vernoy
* Verrières-de-Joux
* La Vèze
* Vieilley
* Viéthorey
* Vieux-Charmont
* Villars-lès-Blamont
* Villars-Saint-Georges
* Villars-sous-Dampjoux
* Villars-sous-Écot
* Les Villedieu
* Ville-du-Pont
* Villeneuve-d'Amont
* Villers-Buzon
* Villers-Chief
* Villers-Grélot
* Villers-la-Combe
* Villers-le-Lac
* Villers-Saint-Martin
* Villers-sous-Chalamont
* Villers-sous-Montrond
* Voillans
* Voires
* Vorges-les-Pins
* Voujeaucourt
* Vuillafans
* Vuillecin
* Vyt-lès-Belvoir
|
This short article about a place or feature in France can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
408,177 | Tammy_Grimes | Tammy Grimes | 8,861,998 | | Tammy Grimes |
| --- |
| Tammy Grimes in 1966 |
| Born | Tammy Lee Grimes(1934-01-30)January 30, 1934[Lynn, Massachusetts](/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts "Lynn, Massachusetts"), U.S. |
| Died | October 30, 2016(2016-10-30) (aged 82)[Englewood, New Jersey](/wiki/Englewood,_New_Jersey "Englewood, New Jersey"), U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress, singer |
| Years active | 1955–2003 |
| Spouse(s) | [Christopher Plummer](/wiki/Christopher_Plummer "Christopher Plummer")(m. 1956; div. 1960)Jeremy Slate(m. 1966; div. 1967)Richard Bell(m. 1968; died 2005) |
| Children | [Amanda Plummer](/wiki/Amanda_Plummer "Amanda Plummer") |
**Tammy Lee Grimes** (January 30, 1934 – October 30, 2016) was an American [actress](/wiki/Actress "Actress") and [singer](/wiki/Singing "Singing").[[1]](#cite_note-FR-1) She starred in and won a [Tony Award](/wiki/Tony_Award "Tony Award") for a 1960 play called *The Unsinkable Molly Brown*.[[2]](#cite_note-2) She also starred in her own television show *The Tammy Grimes Show* in 1966.[[3]](#cite_note-3)
## Early life
Grimes was born in [Lynn, Massachusetts](/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts "Lynn, Massachusetts"), the daughter of Eola Willard ([née](/wiki/Married_and_maiden_names "Married and maiden names") Niles), a naturalist and spiritualist, and Luther Nichols Grimes, an innkeeper, country-club manager, and farmer.[[1]](#cite_note-FR-1)[[4]](#cite_note-4)
She attended [high school](/wiki/High_school "High school") at the then all-girls school, Beaver Country Day School, and Stephens College, and then studied acting at New York City's Neighborhood Playhouse.[[5]](#cite_note-allmusic-5) She studied singing with Beverley Peck Johnson.[[6]](#cite_note-nyt-6)
## Personal life
Grimes married [Christopher Plummer](/wiki/Christopher_Plummer "Christopher Plummer") on August 16, 1956,[[7]](#cite_note-7)[[8]](#cite_note-8) with whom she had a daughter, actress [Amanda Plummer](/wiki/Amanda_Plummer "Amanda Plummer"). They divorced in 1960.
Her second husband was actor Jeremy Slate, who she married in 1966 and divorced a year later. Her third husband was composer Richard Bell, who she married in 1971; the couple remained married until Bell's death in 2005.[[9]](#cite_note-9)
## Death
Grimes died on October 30, 2016, in [Englewood, New Jersey](/wiki/Englewood,_New_Jersey "Englewood, New Jersey"), aged 82 from natural causes. Her survivors include her brother, Nick, and her daughter Amanda.[[10]](#cite_note-times-10)
## Work
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Filmography* *Three Bites of the Apple* (1967) - Angela Sparrow
* *Arthur? Arthur!* (1969) - Lady Joan Mellon
* *Play It as It Lays* (1972) - Helene
* *The Horror at 37,000 Feet* (1973, TV Movie) - Mrs. Pinder
* *The Borrowers* (1973, TV Movie) - Homily Clock
* *Somebody Killed Her Husband* (1978) - Audrey Van Santen
* *The Runner Stumbles* (1979) - Erna Webber
* *Can't Stop the Music* (1980) - Sydne Channing
* *The Last Unicorn* (1982) - Molly Grue (voice)
* *The Stuff* (1985) - Special Guest Star in Stuff Commercial
* *America* (1986) - Joy Hackley
* *Mr. North* (1988) - Sarah Baily-Lewis
* *Slaves of New York* (1989) - Georgette
* *Backstreet Justice* (1994) - Mrs. Finnegan
* *A Modern Affair* (1995) - Dr. Gresham
* *Trouble on the Corner* (1997) - Mrs. K
* *High Art* (1998) - Vera
| Stage* *The Littlest Revue* (1956)[[11]](#cite_note-11)
* *Look After Lulu* (1959)
* *The Unsinkable Molly Brown* (1960)
* *Rattle of a Simple Man* (1963)
* *High Spirits* (1964)
* *The Only Game in Town* (1968)
* *Private Lives* (revival) (1969)
* *A Musical Jubilee* (1975)
* *[California Suite](/wiki/California_Suite "California Suite")* (1976)
* *[Tartuffe](/wiki/Tartuffe "Tartuffe")* (revival)(1977)
* *Trick* (1979)
* *42nd Street* (1980)
* *Sunset* (1983)
* *Orpheus Descending* (revival) (1989)
* *Wit & Wisdom* (2003)
|
## References
1. ↑ [1.0](#cite_ref-FR_1-0) [1.1](#cite_ref-FR_1-1) ["Tammy Grimes Biography (1934-)"](http://www.filmreference.com/film/57/Tammy-Grimes.html). Film Reference. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) William Ruhlmann. ["Tammy Grimes"](http://www.allmusic.com/artist/tammy-grimes-mn0000136982). AllMusic. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) ["Tammy Grimes"](http://www.nndb.com/people/573/000107252/). NNDB. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) [*Current Biography Yearbook*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Y54YAAAAIAAJ). H. W. Wilson Company. 1963.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-allmusic_5-0) ["Tammy Grimes biography"](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/p27502/biography), Allmusic.com, accessed January 9, 2009.
6. [↑](#cite_ref-nyt_6-0) Anthony Tommasini (January 22, 2001). ["Beverley Peck Johnson, 96, Voice Teacher"](https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/22/arts/beverley-peck-johnson-96-voice-teacher.html). *[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*.
7. [↑](#cite_ref-7) Rainho, Manny (August 2015). "This Month in Movie History". *Classic Images* (482): 24–26.
8. [↑](#cite_ref-8) "Christopher Plummer Weds", *The New York Times*, August 24, 1956, p.15
9. [↑](#cite_ref-9) Hertz, Linda.["Tammy Grimes stars in one-woman show at the Plush Room"](http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/10/26/PKESS9FIH.DTL&type=music), sfgate.com, October 28, 2007.
10. [↑](#cite_ref-times_10-0) Gates, Anita (October 31, 2016). ["Tammy Grimes, the Original 'Unsinkable Molly Brown,' Dies at 82"](https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/01/theater/tammy-grimes-died.html?_r=0). *[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
11. [↑](#cite_ref-11) [*The Littlest Revue* Broadway"](https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-show/the-littlest-revue-482066) ibdb.com, accessed November 3, 2016
## Other websites
* [Tammy Grimes](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0342245/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
* [Tammy Grimes](https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/77022/wp) at the [TCM Movie Database](/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies "Turner Classic Movies")
* [Tammy Grimes](https://www.ibdb.com/Person/View/43182) at the [Internet Broadway Database](/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database "Internet Broadway Database")
* [Tammy Grimes](http://www.lortel.org/Archives/CreditableEntity/12261) at the Internet Off-Broadway Database | | Tammy Grimes |
| --- |
| Tammy Grimes in 1966 |
| Born | Tammy Lee Grimes(1934-01-30)January 30, 1934Lynn, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Died | October 30, 2016(2016-10-30) (aged 82)Englewood, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress, singer |
| Years active | 1955–2003 |
| Spouse(s) | Christopher Plummer(m. 1956; div. 1960)Jeremy Slate(m. 1966; div. 1967)Richard Bell(m. 1968; died 2005) |
| Children | Amanda Plummer |
Tammy Lee Grimes (January 30, 1934 – October 30, 2016) was an American actress and singer.[1] She starred in and won a Tony Award for a 1960 play called The Unsinkable Molly Brown.[2] She also starred in her own television show The Tammy Grimes Show in 1966.[3]
Early life
Grimes was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, the daughter of Eola Willard (née Niles), a naturalist and spiritualist, and Luther Nichols Grimes, an innkeeper, country-club manager, and farmer.[1][4]
She attended high school at the then all-girls school, Beaver Country Day School, and Stephens College, and then studied acting at New York City's Neighborhood Playhouse.[5] She studied singing with Beverley Peck Johnson.[6]
Personal life
Grimes married Christopher Plummer on August 16, 1956,[7][8] with whom she had a daughter, actress Amanda Plummer. They divorced in 1960.
Her second husband was actor Jeremy Slate, who she married in 1966 and divorced a year later. Her third husband was composer Richard Bell, who she married in 1971; the couple remained married until Bell's death in 2005.[9]
Death
Grimes died on October 30, 2016, in Englewood, New Jersey, aged 82 from natural causes. Her survivors include her brother, Nick, and her daughter Amanda.[10]
Work
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Filmography Three Bites of the Apple (1967) - Angela Sparrow
* Arthur? Arthur! (1969) - Lady Joan Mellon
* Play It as It Lays (1972) - Helene
* The Horror at 37,000 Feet (1973, TV Movie) - Mrs. Pinder
* The Borrowers (1973, TV Movie) - Homily Clock
* Somebody Killed Her Husband (1978) - Audrey Van Santen
* The Runner Stumbles (1979) - Erna Webber
* Can't Stop the Music (1980) - Sydne Channing
* The Last Unicorn (1982) - Molly Grue (voice)
* The Stuff (1985) - Special Guest Star in Stuff Commercial
* America (1986) - Joy Hackley
* Mr. North (1988) - Sarah Baily-Lewis
* Slaves of New York (1989) - Georgette
* Backstreet Justice (1994) - Mrs. Finnegan
* A Modern Affair (1995) - Dr. Gresham
* Trouble on the Corner (1997) - Mrs. K
* High Art* (1998) - Vera
| Stage The Littlest Revue (1956)[11]
* Look After Lulu (1959)
* The Unsinkable Molly Brown (1960)
* Rattle of a Simple Man (1963)
* High Spirits (1964)
* The Only Game in Town (1968)
* Private Lives (revival) (1969)
* A Musical Jubilee (1975)
* California Suite (1976)
* Tartuffe (revival)(1977)
* Trick (1979)
* 42nd Street (1980)
* Sunset (1983)
* Orpheus Descending (revival) (1989)
* Wit & Wisdom* (2003)
|
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 "Tammy Grimes Biography (1934-)". Film Reference. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
↑ William Ruhlmann. "Tammy Grimes". AllMusic. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
↑ "Tammy Grimes". NNDB. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
↑ Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson Company. 1963.
↑ "Tammy Grimes biography", Allmusic.com, accessed January 9, 2009.
↑ Anthony Tommasini (January 22, 2001). "Beverley Peck Johnson, 96, Voice Teacher". The New York Times.
↑ Rainho, Manny (August 2015). "This Month in Movie History". Classic Images (482): 24–26.
↑ "Christopher Plummer Weds", The New York Times, August 24, 1956, p.15
↑ Hertz, Linda."Tammy Grimes stars in one-woman show at the Plush Room", sfgate.com, October 28, 2007.
↑ Gates, Anita (October 31, 2016). "Tammy Grimes, the Original 'Unsinkable Molly Brown,' Dies at 82". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
↑ The Littlest Revue Broadway" ibdb.com, accessed November 3, 2016
Other websites
Tammy Grimes on IMDb
Tammy Grimes at the TCM Movie Database
Tammy Grimes at the Internet Broadway Database
Tammy Grimes at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
|
831,031 | Neuburg_an_der_Donau | Neuburg an der Donau | 7,958,088 | | Neuburg a.d. Donau |
| --- |
| [Town](/wiki/Town#Germany "Town") |
| Residenzschloss, the seat of Palatine Electors. |
|
Coat of arms |
| Location of Neuburg a.d. Donau within Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district
|
| Neuburg a.d. Donau Show map of GermanyNeuburg a.d. Donau Show map of Bavaria |
| Coordinates: [48°44′N 11°11′E / 48.733°N 11.183°E / 48.733; 11.183](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Neuburg_an_der_Donau¶ms=48_44_N_11_11_E_type:city(30467)_region:DE-BY)[Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [48°44′N 11°11′E / 48.733°N 11.183°E / 48.733; 11.183](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Neuburg_an_der_Donau¶ms=48_44_N_11_11_E_type:city(30467)_region:DE-BY) |
| Country | [Germany](/wiki/Germany "Germany") |
| [State](/wiki/States_of_Germany "States of Germany") | [Bavaria](/wiki/Bavaria "Bavaria") |
| [Admin. region](/wiki/Regierungsbezirk "Regierungsbezirk") | [Oberbayern](/wiki/Oberbayern_(region) "Oberbayern (region)") |
| [District](/wiki/Districts_of_Germany "Districts of Germany") | [Neuburg-Schrobenhausen](/wiki/Neuburg-Schrobenhausen "Neuburg-Schrobenhausen") |
| Subdivisions | 16 [Ortsteile](/wiki/Ortsteil "Ortsteil") |
| Government |
| • [Lord mayor](/wiki/Lord_mayor "Lord mayor") (2020–26) | Dr. Bernhard Gmehling[[1]](#cite_note-1) ([CSU](/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_in_Bavaria "Christian Social Union in Bavaria")) |
| Area |
| • Total | 81.32 km2 (31.40 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 383 m (1,257 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31)[[2]](#cite_note-2) |
| • Total | 30,467 |
| • Density | 370/km2 (970/sq mi) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_in_Germany "Time in Germany") | [UTC+01:00](/wiki/UTC%2B01:00 "UTC+01:00") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC+02:00](/wiki/UTC%2B02:00 "UTC+02:00") ([CEST](/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time "Central European Summer Time")) |
| [Postal codes](/wiki/List_of_postal_codes_in_Germany "List of postal codes in Germany") | 86633 |
| [Dialling codes](/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Germany "List of dialling codes in Germany") | 08431 |
| [Vehicle registration](/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate "Vehicle registration plate") | ND |
| Website | [www.neuburg-donau.de](http://www.neuburg-donau.de/) |
**Neuburg an der Donau**, is a [town](/wiki/Town#Germany "Town") which is the capital of the [Neuburg-Schrobenhausen](/wiki/Neuburg-Schrobenhausen "Neuburg-Schrobenhausen") district in [Bavaria](/wiki/Bavaria "Bavaria") in [Germany](/wiki/Germany "Germany").
## Divisions
The municipality has 16 divisions:
* Altmannstetten
* Bergen, Neuburg
* Bittenbrunn
* Bruck
* Feldkirchen
* Gietlhausen
* Hardt
* Heinrichsheim
* Herrenwörth
* Hessellohe
* Joshofen
* Marienheim
* Maxweiler
* Laisacker
* Sehensand
* Zell
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) [Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden](https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/), [Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik](/wiki/Bayerisches_Landesamt_f%C3%BCr_Statistik "Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik"), 15 July 2021.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) [Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag](https://www.statistikdaten.bayern.de/genesis/online?operation=result&code=12411-003r&leerzeilen=false&language=de) (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011)
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Neuburg an der Donau](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neuburg_an_der_Donau "commons:Category:Neuburg an der Donau")***.
* [Official website](http://www.neuburg-donau.de/)
* [photographs of Neuburg an der Donau](https://web.archive.org/web/20070221154437/http://www.pausenberger.com/neuburg.html)
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Cities_and_towns_in_Neuburg-Schrobenhausen_(district) "Template:Cities and towns in Neuburg-Schrobenhausen (district)")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cities_and_towns_in_Neuburg-Schrobenhausen_(district)&action=edit)
Towns and municipalities in [Neuburg-Schrobenhausen](/wiki/Neuburg-Schrobenhausen "Neuburg-Schrobenhausen") |
| --- |
|
* [Aresing](/wiki/Aresing "Aresing")
* [Berg im Gau](/wiki/Berg_im_Gau "Berg im Gau")
* [Bergheim](/wiki/Bergheim,_Bavaria "Bergheim, Bavaria")
* [Brunnen](/wiki/Brunnen,_Bavaria "Brunnen, Bavaria")
* [Burgheim](/wiki/Burgheim "Burgheim")
* [Ehekirchen](/wiki/Ehekirchen "Ehekirchen")
* [Gachenbach](/wiki/Gachenbach "Gachenbach")
* [Karlshuld](/wiki/Karlshuld "Karlshuld")
* [Karlskron](/wiki/Karlskron "Karlskron")
* [Königsmoos](/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsmoos "Königsmoos")
* [Langenmosen](/wiki/Langenmosen "Langenmosen")
* Neuburg an der Donau
* [Oberhausen](/wiki/Oberhausen_(near_Neuburg) "Oberhausen (near Neuburg)")
* [Rennertshofen](/wiki/Rennertshofen "Rennertshofen")
* [Rohrenfels](/wiki/Rohrenfels "Rohrenfels")
* [Schrobenhausen](/wiki/Schrobenhausen "Schrobenhausen")
* [Waidhofen](/wiki/Waidhofen,_Bavaria "Waidhofen, Bavaria")
* [Weichering](/wiki/Weichering "Weichering")
| Coat of arms |
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/313409872)
+ [2](https://viaf.org/viaf/168770570)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n82030793/)
+ [2](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n81008032/)
|
| National |
* [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14627948b)
* [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14627948b)
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/4041719-0)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007548034405171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81008032)
* [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge320408&CON_LNG=ENG)
|
| Geographic |
* [MusicBrainz area](https://musicbrainz.org/area/8b31dc77-118e-4c4e-87ee-1b16fca1d753)
|
| Other |
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/140392688)
| | | Neuburg a.d. Donau |
| --- |
| Town |
| Residenzschloss, the seat of Palatine Electors. |
|
Coat of arms |
| Location of Neuburg a.d. Donau within Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district
|
| Neuburg a.d. Donau Show map of GermanyNeuburg a.d. Donau Show map of Bavaria |
| Coordinates: 48°44′N 11°11′E / 48.733°N 11.183°E / 48.733; 11.183Coordinates: 48°44′N 11°11′E / 48.733°N 11.183°E / 48.733; 11.183 |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Oberbayern |
| District | Neuburg-Schrobenhausen |
| Subdivisions | 16 Ortsteile |
| Government |
| • Lord mayor (2020–26) | Dr. Bernhard Gmehling[1] (CSU) |
| Area |
| • Total | 81.32 km2 (31.40 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 383 m (1,257 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31)[2] |
| • Total | 30,467 |
| • Density | 370/km2 (970/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 86633 |
| Dialling codes | 08431 |
| Vehicle registration | ND |
| Website | www.neuburg-donau.de |
Neuburg an der Donau, is a town which is the capital of the Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district in Bavaria in Germany.
Divisions
The municipality has 16 divisions:
Altmannstetten
Bergen, Neuburg
Bittenbrunn
Bruck
Feldkirchen
Gietlhausen
Hardt
Heinrichsheim
Herrenwörth
Hessellohe
Joshofen
Marienheim
Maxweiler
Laisacker
Sehensand
Zell
References
↑ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden, Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik, 15 July 2021.
↑ Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011)
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neuburg an der Donau.
Official website
photographs of Neuburg an der Donau
| * v
* t
* e
Towns and municipalities in Neuburg-Schrobenhausen |
| --- |
|
* Aresing
* Berg im Gau
* Bergheim
* Brunnen
* Burgheim
* Ehekirchen
* Gachenbach
* Karlshuld
* Karlskron
* Königsmoos
* Langenmosen
* Neuburg an der Donau
* Oberhausen
* Rennertshofen
* Rohrenfels
* Schrobenhausen
* Waidhofen
* Weichering
| Coat of arms |
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* VIAF
+ 2
* WorldCat Identities
+ 2
|
| National |
* France
* BnF data
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Czech Republic
|
| Geographic |
* MusicBrainz area
|
| Other |
* IdRef
| |
173,836 | Digsby | Digsby | 7,051,997 | Digsby| [Repository](/wiki/Repository_(version_control) "Repository (version control)") | * [github.com/ifwe/digsby](https://github.com/ifwe/digsby)
|
| Type | [Instant messaging](/wiki/Instant_messaging "Instant messaging") |
| Website | No longer in service |
**Digsby** was an [instant messaging](/wiki/Instant_messaging "Instant messaging") piece of [software](/wiki/Software "Software"). It was for [Microsoft Windows](/wiki/Microsoft_Windows "Microsoft Windows"), with plans to support [Mac](/wiki/Apple_Macintosh "Apple Macintosh") and [Linux](/wiki/Linux "Linux"). It supported [Google Mail](/wiki/Google_Mail "Google Mail"), [Yahoo](/wiki/Yahoo "Yahoo") messenger, [MSN Messenger](/wiki/MSN_Messenger "MSN Messenger"), [Facebook](/wiki/Facebook "Facebook") [chat](/wiki/Chat "Chat") and others. Currently no longer operational.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [technology](/wiki/Category:Technology_stubs "Category:Technology stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digsby&action=edit)*. | Digsby| Repository | * github.com/ifwe/digsby
|
| Type | Instant messaging |
| Website | No longer in service |
Digsby was an instant messaging piece of software. It was for Microsoft Windows, with plans to support Mac and Linux. It supported Google Mail, Yahoo messenger, MSN Messenger, Facebook chat and others. Currently no longer operational.
This short article about technology can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
1,016,113 | Electoral_districts_of_Victoria | Electoral districts of Victoria | 8,964,046 | There are currently 88 [electoral districts](/wiki/Electoral_district "Electoral district") in the [Victorian Legislative Assembly](/wiki/Victorian_Legislative_Assembly "Victorian Legislative Assembly").
## List
| Name
| Formed
| Electoral region
| Size (km2)
| Current Member
| Member's Party
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Albert Park](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Albert_Park "Electoral district of Albert Park") | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 21
| Nina Taylor | Labor
|
| [Ashwood](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ashwood "Electoral district of Ashwood") | 2022
| Southern Metropolitan
| 29
| Matt Fregon | Labor
|
| [Bass](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bass "Electoral district of Bass") | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 1,358
| Jordan Crugnale | Labor
|
| [Bayswater](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bayswater "Electoral district of Bayswater") | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 39
| Jackson Taylor | Labor
|
| [Bellarine](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bellarine "Electoral district of Bellarine") | 1967
| Western Victoria
| 356
| Alison Marchant | Labor
|
| [Benambra](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Benambra "Electoral district of Benambra") | 1877
| Northern Victoria
| 9,147
| Bill Tilley | Liberal
|
| [Bendigo East](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bendigo_East "Electoral district of Bendigo East") | 1904
| Northern Victoria
| 2,711
| [Jacinta Allan](/wiki/Jacinta_Allan "Jacinta Allan") | Labor
|
| [Bendigo West](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bendigo_West "Electoral district of Bendigo West") | 1904
| Northern Victoria
| 1,524
| Maree Edwards | Labor
|
| [Bentleigh](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bentleigh "Electoral district of Bentleigh") | 1967
| Southern Metropolitan
| 25
| Nick Staikos | Labor
|
| [Berwick](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Berwick "Electoral district of Berwick") | 1976
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 99
| Brad Battin | Liberal
|
| [Box Hill](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Box_Hill "Electoral district of Box Hill") | 1945
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 29
| Paul Hamer | Labor
|
| [Brighton](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Brighton "Electoral district of Brighton") | 1856
| Southern Metropolitan
| 20
| James Newbury | Liberal
|
| [Broadmeadows](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Broadmeadows "Electoral district of Broadmeadows") | 1955
| Northern Metropolitan
| 47
| Kathleen Matthews-Ward | Labor
|
| [Brunswick](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Brunswick "Electoral district of Brunswick") | 1904
| Northern Metropolitan
| 14
| Tim Read | Greens
|
| [Bulleen](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bulleen "Electoral district of Bulleen") | 1985
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 39
| Matthew Guy | Liberal
|
| [Bundoora](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bundoora "Electoral district of Bundoora") | 1976
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 35
| Colin Brooks | Labor
|
| [Carrum](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Carrum "Electoral district of Carrum") | 1976
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 87
| Sonya Kilkenny | Labor
|
| [Caulfield](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Caulfield "Electoral district of Caulfield") | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 17
| David Southwick | Liberal
|
| [Clarinda](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Clarinda "Electoral district of Clarinda") | 2014
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 45
| Meng Heang Tak | Labor
|
| [Cranbourne](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cranbourne "Electoral district of Cranbourne") | 1992
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 63
| Pauline Richards | Labor
|
| [Croydon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Croydon_(Victoria) "Electoral district of Croydon (Victoria)") | 2014
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 42
| David Hodgett | Liberal
|
| [Dandenong](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Dandenong "Electoral district of Dandenong") | 1904
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 58
| Gabrielle Williams | Labor
|
| [Eildon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Eildon "Electoral district of Eildon") | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 10,061
| Cindy McLeish | Liberal
|
| [Eltham](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Eltham "Electoral district of Eltham") | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 73
| Vicki Ward | Labor
|
| [Essendon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Essendon "Electoral district of Essendon") | 1904
| Northern Metropolitan
| 24
| Danny Pearson | Labor
|
| [Eureka](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Eureka "Electoral district of Eureka") | 2022
| Western Victoria
| 3,915
| Michaela Settle | Labor
|
| [Euroa](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Euroa "Electoral district of Euroa") | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 11,452
| Annabelle Cleeland | Nationals
|
| [Evelyn](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Evelyn "Electoral district of Evelyn") | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 255
| Bridget Vallence | Liberal
|
| [Footscray](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Footscray "Electoral district of Footscray") | 1877
| Western Metropolitan
| 23
| Katie Hall | Labor
|
| [Frankston](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Frankston "Electoral district of Frankston") | 1967
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 43
| Paul Edbrooke | Labor
|
| [Geelong](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Geelong "Electoral district of Geelong") | 1856
| Western Victoria
| 328
| Christine Couzens | Labor
|
| [Gippsland East](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Gippsland_East "Electoral district of Gippsland East") | 1889
| Eastern Victoria
| 27,544
| Tim Bull | Nationals
|
| [Gippsland South](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Gippsland_South "Electoral district of Gippsland South") | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 8,232
| Danny O'Brien | Nationals
|
| [Glen Waverley](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Glen_Waverley "Electoral district of Glen Waverley") | 1985
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 36
| John Mullahy | Labor
|
| [Greenvale](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Greenvale "Electoral district of Greenvale") | 2022
| Northern Metropolitan
| 60
| Iwan Walters | Labor
|
| [Hastings](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hastings "Electoral district of Hastings") | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 395
| Paul Mercurio | Labor
|
| [Hawthorn](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hawthorn "Electoral district of Hawthorn") | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 21
| [John Pesutto](/wiki/John_Pesutto "John Pesutto") | Liberal
|
| [Ivanhoe](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ivanhoe "Electoral district of Ivanhoe") | 1945
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 31
| Anthony Carbines | Labor
|
| [Kalkallo](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kalkallo "Electoral district of Kalkallo") | 2022
| Northern Metropolitan
| 262
| Ros Spence | Labor
|
| [Kew](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kew "Electoral district of Kew") | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 31
| Jess Wilson | Liberal
|
| [Kororoit](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kororoit "Electoral district of Kororoit") | 2002
| Western Metropolitan
| 124
| Luba Grigorovitch | Labor
|
| [Lara](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lara "Electoral district of Lara") | 2002
| Western Victoria
| 702
| Ella George | Labor
|
| [Laverton](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Laverton "Electoral district of Laverton") | 2022
| Western Metropolitan
| 87
| Sarah Connolly | Labor
|
| [Lowan](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lowan "Electoral district of Lowan") | 1889
| Western Victoria
| 41,858
| Emma Kealy | Nationals
|
| [Macedon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Macedon "Electoral district of Macedon") | 2002
| Northern Victoria
| 3,366
| Mary-Anne Thomas | Labor
|
| [Malvern](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Malvern "Electoral district of Malvern") | 1945
| Southern Metropolitan
| 20
| Michael O'Brien | Liberal
|
| [Melbourne](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Melbourne "Electoral district of Melbourne") | 1856
| Northern Metropolitan
| 25
| Ellen Sandell | Greens
|
| [Melton](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Melton "Electoral district of Melton") | 1992
| Western Victoria
| 332
| Steve McGhie | Labor
|
| [Mildura](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mildura "Electoral district of Mildura") | 1927
| Northern Victoria
| 37,529
| Jade Benham | Nationals
|
| [Mill Park](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mill_Park "Electoral district of Mill Park") | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 42
| Lily D'Ambrosio | Labor
|
| [Monbulk](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Monbulk "Electoral district of Monbulk") | 1967
| Eastern Victoria
| 459
| Daniela De Martino | Labor
|
| [Mordialloc](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mordialloc "Electoral district of Mordialloc") | 1992
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 56
| Tim Richardson | Labor
|
| [Mornington](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mornington "Electoral district of Mornington") | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 155
| Chris Crewther | Liberal
|
| [Morwell](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Morwell "Electoral district of Morwell") | 1955
| Eastern Victoria
| 908
| Martin Cameron | Nationals
|
| [Mulgrave](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mulgrave_(Victoria) "Electoral district of Mulgrave (Victoria)") | 1958
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 36
| [Daniel Andrews](/wiki/Daniel_Andrews "Daniel Andrews") | Labor
|
| [Murray Plains](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Murray_Plains "Electoral district of Murray Plains") | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 11,921
| Peter Walsh | Nationals
|
| [Narracan](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Narracan "Electoral district of Narracan") | 1967
| Eastern Victoria
| 4,503
| Wayne Farnham | Liberal
|
| [Narre Warren North](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Narre_Warren_North "Electoral district of Narre Warren North") | 2002
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 70
| Belinda Wilson | Labor
|
| [Narre Warren South](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Narre_Warren_South "Electoral district of Narre Warren South") | 2002
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 40
| Gary Maas | Labor
|
| [Nepean](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Nepean "Electoral district of Nepean") | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 387
| Sam Groth | Liberal
|
| [Niddrie](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Niddrie "Electoral district of Niddrie") | 1976
| Western Metropolitan
| 39
| Ben Carroll | Labor
|
| [Northcote](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Northcote "Electoral district of Northcote") | 1927
| Northern Metropolitan
| 21
| Kat Theophanous | Labor
|
| [Oakleigh](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Oakleigh "Electoral district of Oakleigh") | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 32
| Steve Dimopoulos | Labor
|
| [Ovens Valley](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ovens_Valley "Electoral district of Ovens Valley") | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 10,558
| Tim McCurdy | Nationals
|
| [Pakenham](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Pakenham "Electoral district of Pakenham") | 1992
| Eastern Victoria
| 226
| Emma Vulin | Labor
|
| [Pascoe Vale](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Pascoe_Vale "Electoral district of Pascoe Vale") | 1955
| Northern Metropolitan
| 21
| Anthony Cianflone | Labor
|
| [Point Cook](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Point_Cook "Electoral district of Point Cook") | 2022
| Western Metropolitan
| 88
| Mathew Hilakari | Labor
|
| [Polwarth](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Polwarth "Electoral district of Polwarth") | 1889
| Western Victoria
| 8,860
| Richard Riordan | Liberal
|
| [Prahran](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Prahran "Electoral district of Prahran") | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 11
| Sam Hibbins | Greens
|
| [Preston](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Preston "Electoral district of Preston") | 1945
| Northern Metropolitan
| 27
| Nathan Lambert | Labor
|
| [Richmond](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Richmond_(Victoria) "Electoral district of Richmond (Victoria)") | 1856
| Northern Metropolitan
| 13
| Gabrielle de Vietri | Greens
|
| [Ringwood](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ringwood_(Victoria) "Electoral district of Ringwood (Victoria)") | 1958
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 35
| Will Fowles | Labor
|
| [Ripon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ripon "Electoral district of Ripon") | 1945
| Western Victoria
| 14,444
| Martha Haylett | Labor
|
| [Rowville](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Rowville "Electoral district of Rowville") | 2014
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 62
| Kim Wells | Liberal
|
| [Sandringham](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sandringham "Electoral district of Sandringham") | 1955
| Southern Metropolitan
| 24
| Brad Rowswell | Liberal
|
| [Shepparton](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Shepparton "Electoral district of Shepparton") | 1945
| Northern Victoria
| 3,289
| Kim O'Keeffe | Nationals
|
| [South Barwon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_South_Barwon "Electoral district of South Barwon") | 1976
| Western Victoria
| 361
| Darren Cheeseman | Labor
|
| [South-West Coast](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_South-West_Coast "Electoral district of South-West Coast") | 2002
| Western Victoria
| 6,576
| Roma Britnell | Liberal
|
| [St Albans](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_St_Albans "Electoral district of St Albans") | 1985
| Western Metropolitan
| 35
| Natalie Suleyman | Labor
|
| [Sunbury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sunbury "Electoral district of Sunbury") | 2014
| Western Metropolitan
| 340
| Josh Bull | Labor
|
| [Sydenham](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sydenham "Electoral district of Sydenham") | 2014
| Western Metropolitan
| 96
| Natalie Hutchins | Labor
|
| [Tarneit](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Tarneit "Electoral district of Tarneit") | 2002
| Western Metropolitan
| 76
| Dylan Wight | Labor
|
| [Thomastown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Thomastown "Electoral district of Thomastown") | 1985
| Northern Metropolitan
| 91
| Bronwyn Halfpenny | Labor
|
| [Warrandyte](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Warrandyte "Electoral district of Warrandyte") | 1976
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 107
| Ryan Smith | Liberal
|
| [Wendouree](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wendouree "Electoral district of Wendouree") | 2014
| Western Victoria
| 64
| Juliana Addison | Labor
|
| [Werribee](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Werribee "Electoral district of Werribee") | 1976
| Western Metropolitan
| 339
| Tim Pallas | Labor
|
| [Williamstown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Williamstown "Electoral district of Williamstown") | 1856
| Western Metropolitan
| 52
| Melissa Horne | Labor
|
| [Yan Yean](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Yan_Yean "Electoral district of Yan Yean") | 1992
| Northern Victoria
| 611
| Lauren Kathage | Labor
|
### 2021 redistricting
Due to the redistricting process that takes place every eight years, there were nine seats that were abolished and nine new seats.
#### Abolished
* Altona
* Burwood
* Gembrook
* Buninyong
* Ferntree Gully
* Forest Hill
* Keysborough
* Mount Waverley
* Yuroke
#### New districts
* [Ashwood](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ashwood "Electoral district of Ashwood")
* [Berwick](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Berwick "Electoral district of Berwick")
* [Eureka](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Eureka "Electoral district of Eureka")
* [Glen Waverley](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Glen_Waverley "Electoral district of Glen Waverley")
* [Greenvale](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Greenvale "Electoral district of Greenvale")
* [Kalkallo](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kalkallo "Electoral district of Kalkallo")
* [Laverton](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Laverton "Electoral district of Laverton")
* [Pakenham](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Pakenham "Electoral district of Pakenham")
* [Point Cook](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Point_Cook "Electoral district of Point Cook")
## References | There are currently 88 electoral districts in the Victorian Legislative Assembly.
List
| Name
| Formed
| Electoral region
| Size (km2)
| Current Member
| Member's Party
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Albert Park | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 21
| Nina Taylor | Labor
|
| Ashwood | 2022
| Southern Metropolitan
| 29
| Matt Fregon | Labor
|
| Bass | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 1,358
| Jordan Crugnale | Labor
|
| Bayswater | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 39
| Jackson Taylor | Labor
|
| Bellarine | 1967
| Western Victoria
| 356
| Alison Marchant | Labor
|
| Benambra | 1877
| Northern Victoria
| 9,147
| Bill Tilley | Liberal
|
| Bendigo East | 1904
| Northern Victoria
| 2,711
| Jacinta Allan | Labor
|
| Bendigo West | 1904
| Northern Victoria
| 1,524
| Maree Edwards | Labor
|
| Bentleigh | 1967
| Southern Metropolitan
| 25
| Nick Staikos | Labor
|
| Berwick | 1976
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 99
| Brad Battin | Liberal
|
| Box Hill | 1945
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 29
| Paul Hamer | Labor
|
| Brighton | 1856
| Southern Metropolitan
| 20
| James Newbury | Liberal
|
| Broadmeadows | 1955
| Northern Metropolitan
| 47
| Kathleen Matthews-Ward | Labor
|
| Brunswick | 1904
| Northern Metropolitan
| 14
| Tim Read | Greens
|
| Bulleen | 1985
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 39
| Matthew Guy | Liberal
|
| Bundoora | 1976
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 35
| Colin Brooks | Labor
|
| Carrum | 1976
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 87
| Sonya Kilkenny | Labor
|
| Caulfield | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 17
| David Southwick | Liberal
|
| Clarinda | 2014
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 45
| Meng Heang Tak | Labor
|
| Cranbourne | 1992
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 63
| Pauline Richards | Labor
|
| Croydon | 2014
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 42
| David Hodgett | Liberal
|
| Dandenong | 1904
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 58
| Gabrielle Williams | Labor
|
| Eildon | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 10,061
| Cindy McLeish | Liberal
|
| Eltham | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 73
| Vicki Ward | Labor
|
| Essendon | 1904
| Northern Metropolitan
| 24
| Danny Pearson | Labor
|
| Eureka | 2022
| Western Victoria
| 3,915
| Michaela Settle | Labor
|
| Euroa | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 11,452
| Annabelle Cleeland | Nationals
|
| Evelyn | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 255
| Bridget Vallence | Liberal
|
| Footscray | 1877
| Western Metropolitan
| 23
| Katie Hall | Labor
|
| Frankston | 1967
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 43
| Paul Edbrooke | Labor
|
| Geelong | 1856
| Western Victoria
| 328
| Christine Couzens | Labor
|
| Gippsland East | 1889
| Eastern Victoria
| 27,544
| Tim Bull | Nationals
|
| Gippsland South | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 8,232
| Danny O'Brien | Nationals
|
| Glen Waverley | 1985
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 36
| John Mullahy | Labor
|
| Greenvale | 2022
| Northern Metropolitan
| 60
| Iwan Walters | Labor
|
| Hastings | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 395
| Paul Mercurio | Labor
|
| Hawthorn | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 21
| John Pesutto | Liberal
|
| Ivanhoe | 1945
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 31
| Anthony Carbines | Labor
|
| Kalkallo | 2022
| Northern Metropolitan
| 262
| Ros Spence | Labor
|
| Kew | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 31
| Jess Wilson | Liberal
|
| Kororoit | 2002
| Western Metropolitan
| 124
| Luba Grigorovitch | Labor
|
| Lara | 2002
| Western Victoria
| 702
| Ella George | Labor
|
| Laverton | 2022
| Western Metropolitan
| 87
| Sarah Connolly | Labor
|
| Lowan | 1889
| Western Victoria
| 41,858
| Emma Kealy | Nationals
|
| Macedon | 2002
| Northern Victoria
| 3,366
| Mary-Anne Thomas | Labor
|
| Malvern | 1945
| Southern Metropolitan
| 20
| Michael O'Brien | Liberal
|
| Melbourne | 1856
| Northern Metropolitan
| 25
| Ellen Sandell | Greens
|
| Melton | 1992
| Western Victoria
| 332
| Steve McGhie | Labor
|
| Mildura | 1927
| Northern Victoria
| 37,529
| Jade Benham | Nationals
|
| Mill Park | 1992
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 42
| Lily D'Ambrosio | Labor
|
| Monbulk | 1967
| Eastern Victoria
| 459
| Daniela De Martino | Labor
|
| Mordialloc | 1992
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 56
| Tim Richardson | Labor
|
| Mornington | 1859
| Eastern Victoria
| 155
| Chris Crewther | Liberal
|
| Morwell | 1955
| Eastern Victoria
| 908
| Martin Cameron | Nationals
|
| Mulgrave | 1958
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 36
| Daniel Andrews | Labor
|
| Murray Plains | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 11,921
| Peter Walsh | Nationals
|
| Narracan | 1967
| Eastern Victoria
| 4,503
| Wayne Farnham | Liberal
|
| Narre Warren North | 2002
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 70
| Belinda Wilson | Labor
|
| Narre Warren South | 2002
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 40
| Gary Maas | Labor
|
| Nepean | 2002
| Eastern Victoria
| 387
| Sam Groth | Liberal
|
| Niddrie | 1976
| Western Metropolitan
| 39
| Ben Carroll | Labor
|
| Northcote | 1927
| Northern Metropolitan
| 21
| Kat Theophanous | Labor
|
| Oakleigh | 1927
| Southern Metropolitan
| 32
| Steve Dimopoulos | Labor
|
| Ovens Valley | 2014
| Northern Victoria
| 10,558
| Tim McCurdy | Nationals
|
| Pakenham | 1992
| Eastern Victoria
| 226
| Emma Vulin | Labor
|
| Pascoe Vale | 1955
| Northern Metropolitan
| 21
| Anthony Cianflone | Labor
|
| Point Cook | 2022
| Western Metropolitan
| 88
| Mathew Hilakari | Labor
|
| Polwarth | 1889
| Western Victoria
| 8,860
| Richard Riordan | Liberal
|
| Prahran | 1889
| Southern Metropolitan
| 11
| Sam Hibbins | Greens
|
| Preston | 1945
| Northern Metropolitan
| 27
| Nathan Lambert | Labor
|
| Richmond | 1856
| Northern Metropolitan
| 13
| Gabrielle de Vietri | Greens
|
| Ringwood | 1958
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 35
| Will Fowles | Labor
|
| Ripon | 1945
| Western Victoria
| 14,444
| Martha Haylett | Labor
|
| Rowville | 2014
| South-Eastern Metropolitan
| 62
| Kim Wells | Liberal
|
| Sandringham | 1955
| Southern Metropolitan
| 24
| Brad Rowswell | Liberal
|
| Shepparton | 1945
| Northern Victoria
| 3,289
| Kim O'Keeffe | Nationals
|
| South Barwon | 1976
| Western Victoria
| 361
| Darren Cheeseman | Labor
|
| South-West Coast | 2002
| Western Victoria
| 6,576
| Roma Britnell | Liberal
|
| St Albans | 1985
| Western Metropolitan
| 35
| Natalie Suleyman | Labor
|
| Sunbury | 2014
| Western Metropolitan
| 340
| Josh Bull | Labor
|
| Sydenham | 2014
| Western Metropolitan
| 96
| Natalie Hutchins | Labor
|
| Tarneit | 2002
| Western Metropolitan
| 76
| Dylan Wight | Labor
|
| Thomastown | 1985
| Northern Metropolitan
| 91
| Bronwyn Halfpenny | Labor
|
| Warrandyte | 1976
| North-Eastern Metropolitan
| 107
| Ryan Smith | Liberal
|
| Wendouree | 2014
| Western Victoria
| 64
| Juliana Addison | Labor
|
| Werribee | 1976
| Western Metropolitan
| 339
| Tim Pallas | Labor
|
| Williamstown | 1856
| Western Metropolitan
| 52
| Melissa Horne | Labor
|
| Yan Yean | 1992
| Northern Victoria
| 611
| Lauren Kathage | Labor
|
2021 redistricting
Due to the redistricting process that takes place every eight years, there were nine seats that were abolished and nine new seats.
Abolished
Altona
Burwood
Gembrook
Buninyong
Ferntree Gully
Forest Hill
Keysborough
Mount Waverley
Yuroke
New districts
Ashwood
Berwick
Eureka
Glen Waverley
Greenvale
Kalkallo
Laverton
Pakenham
Point Cook
References |
952,387 | Peshtigo_Fire | Peshtigo Fire | 8,400,173 | Redirect to:
* [Peshtigo fire](/wiki/Peshtigo_fire "Peshtigo fire") | Redirect to:
Peshtigo fire
|
124,144 | All_Grown_Up | All Grown Up | 1,011,199 | Redirect to:
* [All Grown Up!](/wiki/All_Grown_Up! "All Grown Up!") | Redirect to:
All Grown Up!
|
999,283 | Ineuil | Ineuil | 8,715,312 | | Ineuil |
| --- |
| [Commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France") |
| Location of Ineuil
|
| IneuilShow map of FranceIneuilShow map of Centre-Val de Loire |
| Coordinates: [46°46′39″N 2°17′24″E / 46.7775°N 2.29°E / 46.7775; 2.29](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ineuil¶ms=46.7775_N_2.29_E_type:city(226)_region:FR-CVL)[Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [46°46′39″N 2°17′24″E / 46.7775°N 2.29°E / 46.7775; 2.29](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ineuil¶ms=46.7775_N_2.29_E_type:city(226)_region:FR-CVL) |
| Country | [France](/wiki/France "France") |
| [Region](/wiki/Regions_of_France "Regions of France") | [Centre-Val de Loire](/wiki/Centre-Val_de_Loire "Centre-Val de Loire") |
| [Department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") | [Cher](/wiki/Cher_(department) "Cher (department)") |
| [Arrondissement](/wiki/Arrondissements_of_France "Arrondissements of France") | [Saint-Amand-Montrond](/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Saint-Amand-Montrond "Arrondissement of Saint-Amand-Montrond") |
| [Canton](/wiki/Cantons_of_France "Cantons of France") | Châteaumeillant |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Patrick Bisson[[1]](#cite_note-1) |
| Area**1** | 27.48 km2 (10.61 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[[2]](#cite_note-popleg2019-2) | 226 |
| • Density | 8.2/km2 (21/sq mi) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC+01:00](/wiki/UTC%2B01:00 "UTC+01:00") ([CET](/wiki/Central_European_Time "Central European Time")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC+02:00](/wiki/UTC%2B02:00 "UTC+02:00") ([CEST](/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time "Central European Summer Time")) |
| [INSEE](/wiki/INSEE_code "INSEE code")/Postal code | [18114](https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=COM-18114) /18160 |
| Elevation | 158–188 m (518–617 ft) (avg. 168 m or 551 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
**Ineuil** is a [commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France") in [Cher](/wiki/Cher_(department) "Cher (department)"), [Centre-Val de Loire](/wiki/Centre-Val_de_Loire "Centre-Val de Loire"), [France](/wiki/France "France"). About 226 people lived there in January 2019.
## Population
Historical population| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | 321 | — |
| 1968 | 346 | +7.8% |
| 1975 | 273 | −21.1% |
| 1982 | 269 | −1.5% |
| 1990 | 240 | −10.8% |
| 1999 | 248 | +3.3% |
| 2008 | 242 | −2.4% |
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Répertoire national des élus: les maires"](https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503). *data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises* (in French). 2 December 2020.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-popleg2019_2-0) ["Populations légales 2019"](https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6005800?geo=COM-18114). [The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies](/wiki/INSEE "INSEE"). 29 December 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Ineuil](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ineuil "commons:Category:Ineuil")***.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: ***[Ineuil](https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ineuil "wikivoyage:Ineuil")***
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Cher_communes "Template:Cher communes")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cher_communes&action=edit)
[Communes](/wiki/Communes_of_the_Cher_department "Communes of the Cher department") in the [Cher](/wiki/Cher_(department) "Cher (department)") department |
| --- |
| [Prefecture](/wiki/Prefectures_in_France "Prefectures in France") |
* [Bourges](/wiki/Bourges "Bourges")
|
| [Subprefectures](/wiki/Subprefectures_in_France "Subprefectures in France") |
* [Saint-Amand-Montrond](/wiki/Saint-Amand-Montrond "Saint-Amand-Montrond")
* [Vierzon](/wiki/Vierzon "Vierzon")
|
| Other |
* [Achères](/wiki/Ach%C3%A8res,_Cher "Achères, Cher")
* [Ainay-le-Vieil](/wiki/Ainay-le-Vieil "Ainay-le-Vieil")
* [Les Aix-d'Angillon](/wiki/Les_Aix-d%27Angillon "Les Aix-d'Angillon")
* [Allogny](/wiki/Allogny "Allogny")
* [Allouis](/wiki/Allouis "Allouis")
* [Annoix](/wiki/Annoix "Annoix")
* [Apremont-sur-Allier](/wiki/Apremont-sur-Allier "Apremont-sur-Allier")
* [Arçay](/wiki/Ar%C3%A7ay,_Cher "Arçay, Cher")
* [Arcomps](/wiki/Arcomps "Arcomps")
* [Ardenais](/wiki/Ardenais "Ardenais")
* [Argent-sur-Sauldre](/wiki/Argent-sur-Sauldre "Argent-sur-Sauldre")
* [Argenvières](/wiki/Argenvi%C3%A8res "Argenvières")
* [Arpheuilles](/wiki/Arpheuilles,_Cher "Arpheuilles, Cher")
* [Assigny](/wiki/Assigny,_Cher "Assigny, Cher")
* [Aubigny-sur-Nère](/wiki/Aubigny-sur-N%C3%A8re "Aubigny-sur-Nère")
* [Aubinges](/wiki/Aubinges "Aubinges")
* [Augy-sur-Aubois](/wiki/Augy-sur-Aubois "Augy-sur-Aubois")
* [Avord](/wiki/Avord "Avord")
* [Azy](/wiki/Azy,_Cher "Azy, Cher")
* [Bannay](/wiki/Bannay,_Cher "Bannay, Cher")
* [Bannegon](/wiki/Bannegon "Bannegon")
* [Barlieu](/wiki/Barlieu "Barlieu")
* [Baugy](/wiki/Baugy,_Cher "Baugy, Cher")
* [Beddes](/wiki/Beddes "Beddes")
* [Beffes](/wiki/Beffes "Beffes")
* [Belleville-sur-Loire](/wiki/Belleville-sur-Loire "Belleville-sur-Loire")
* [Bengy-sur-Craon](/wiki/Bengy-sur-Craon "Bengy-sur-Craon")
* [Berry-Bouy](/wiki/Berry-Bouy "Berry-Bouy")
* [Bessais-le-Fromental](/wiki/Bessais-le-Fromental "Bessais-le-Fromental")
* [Blancafort](/wiki/Blancafort,_Cher "Blancafort, Cher")
* [Blet](/wiki/Blet "Blet")
* [Boulleret](/wiki/Boulleret "Boulleret")
* [Bouzais](/wiki/Bouzais "Bouzais")
* [Brécy](/wiki/Br%C3%A9cy,_Cher "Brécy, Cher")
* [Brinay](/wiki/Brinay,_Cher "Brinay, Cher")
* [Brinon-sur-Sauldre](/wiki/Brinon-sur-Sauldre "Brinon-sur-Sauldre")
* [Bruère-Allichamps](/wiki/Bru%C3%A8re-Allichamps "Bruère-Allichamps")
* [Bué](/wiki/Bu%C3%A9 "Bué")
* [Bussy](/wiki/Bussy,_Cher "Bussy, Cher")
* [La Celette](/wiki/La_Celette "La Celette")
* [La Celle](/wiki/La_Celle,_Cher "La Celle, Cher")
* [La Celle-Condé](/wiki/La_Celle-Cond%C3%A9 "La Celle-Condé")
* [Cerbois](/wiki/Cerbois "Cerbois")
* [Chalivoy-Milon](/wiki/Chalivoy-Milon "Chalivoy-Milon")
* [Chambon](/wiki/Chambon,_Cher "Chambon, Cher")
* [La Chapelle-d'Angillon](/wiki/La_Chapelle-d%27Angillon "La Chapelle-d'Angillon")
* [La Chapelle-Hugon](/wiki/La_Chapelle-Hugon "La Chapelle-Hugon")
* [La Chapelle-Montlinard](/wiki/La_Chapelle-Montlinard "La Chapelle-Montlinard")
* [La Chapelle-Saint-Ursin](/wiki/La_Chapelle-Saint-Ursin "La Chapelle-Saint-Ursin")
* [La Chapelotte](/wiki/La_Chapelotte "La Chapelotte")
* [Charenton-du-Cher](/wiki/Charenton-du-Cher "Charenton-du-Cher")
* [Charentonnay](/wiki/Charentonnay "Charentonnay")
* [Charly](/wiki/Charly,_Cher "Charly, Cher")
* [Chârost](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2rost "Chârost")
* [Chassy](/wiki/Chassy,_Cher "Chassy, Cher")
* [Châteaumeillant](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teaumeillant "Châteaumeillant")
* [Châteauneuf-sur-Cher](/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauneuf-sur-Cher "Châteauneuf-sur-Cher")
* [Le Châtelet](/wiki/Le_Ch%C3%A2telet "Le Châtelet")
* [Chaumont](/wiki/Chaumont,_Cher "Chaumont, Cher")
* [Chaumoux-Marcilly](/wiki/Chaumoux-Marcilly "Chaumoux-Marcilly")
* [Le Chautay](/wiki/Le_Chautay "Le Chautay")
* [Chavannes](/wiki/Chavannes,_Cher "Chavannes, Cher")
* [Chéry](/wiki/Ch%C3%A9ry "Chéry")
* [Chezal-Benoît](/wiki/Chezal-Beno%C3%AEt "Chezal-Benoît")
* [Civray](/wiki/Civray,_Cher "Civray, Cher")
* [Clémont](/wiki/Cl%C3%A9mont "Clémont")
* [Cogny](/wiki/Cogny,_Cher "Cogny, Cher")
* [Colombiers](/wiki/Colombiers,_Cher "Colombiers, Cher")
* [Concressault](/wiki/Concressault "Concressault")
* [Contres](/wiki/Contres,_Cher "Contres, Cher")
* [Cornusse](/wiki/Cornusse "Cornusse")
* [Corquoy](/wiki/Corquoy "Corquoy")
* [Couargues](/wiki/Couargues "Couargues")
* [Cours-les-Barres](/wiki/Cours-les-Barres "Cours-les-Barres")
* [Coust](/wiki/Coust "Coust")
* [Couy](/wiki/Couy "Couy")
* [Crézançay-sur-Cher](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9zan%C3%A7ay-sur-Cher "Crézançay-sur-Cher")
* [Crézancy-en-Sancerre](/wiki/Cr%C3%A9zancy-en-Sancerre "Crézancy-en-Sancerre")
* [Croisy](/wiki/Croisy "Croisy")
* [Crosses](/wiki/Crosses,_Cher "Crosses, Cher")
* [Cuffy](/wiki/Cuffy,_Cher "Cuffy, Cher")
* [Culan](/wiki/Culan "Culan")
* [Dampierre-en-Crot](/wiki/Dampierre-en-Crot "Dampierre-en-Crot")
* [Dampierre-en-Graçay](/wiki/Dampierre-en-Gra%C3%A7ay "Dampierre-en-Graçay")
* [Drevant](/wiki/Drevant "Drevant")
* [Dun-sur-Auron](/wiki/Dun-sur-Auron "Dun-sur-Auron")
* [Ennordres](/wiki/Ennordres "Ennordres")
* [Épineuil-le-Fleuriel](/wiki/%C3%89pineuil-le-Fleuriel "Épineuil-le-Fleuriel")
* [Étréchy](/wiki/%C3%89tr%C3%A9chy,_Cher "Étréchy, Cher")
* [Farges-Allichamps](/wiki/Farges-Allichamps "Farges-Allichamps")
* [Farges-en-Septaine](/wiki/Farges-en-Septaine "Farges-en-Septaine")
* [Faverdines](/wiki/Faverdines "Faverdines")
* [Feux](/wiki/Feux "Feux")
* [Flavigny](/wiki/Flavigny,_Cher "Flavigny, Cher")
* [Foëcy](/wiki/Fo%C3%ABcy "Foëcy")
* [Fussy](/wiki/Fussy "Fussy")
* [Gardefort](/wiki/Gardefort "Gardefort")
* [Garigny](/wiki/Garigny "Garigny")
* [Genouilly](/wiki/Genouilly,_Cher "Genouilly, Cher")
* [Germigny-l'Exempt](/wiki/Germigny-l%27Exempt "Germigny-l'Exempt")
* [Givardon](/wiki/Givardon "Givardon")
* [Graçay](/wiki/Gra%C3%A7ay "Graçay")
* [Groises](/wiki/Groises "Groises")
* [Gron](/wiki/Gron,_Cher "Gron, Cher")
* [Grossouvre](/wiki/Grossouvre "Grossouvre")
* [La Groutte](/wiki/La_Groutte "La Groutte")
* [La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois](/wiki/La_Guerche-sur-l%27Aubois "La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois")
* [Henrichemont](/wiki/Henrichemont "Henrichemont")
* [Herry](/wiki/Herry,_Cher "Herry, Cher")
* [Humbligny](/wiki/Humbligny "Humbligny")
* [Ids-Saint-Roch](/wiki/Ids-Saint-Roch "Ids-Saint-Roch")
* [Ignol](/wiki/Ignol "Ignol")
* Ineuil
* [Ivoy-le-Pré](/wiki/Ivoy-le-Pr%C3%A9 "Ivoy-le-Pré")
* [Jalognes](/wiki/Jalognes "Jalognes")
* [Jars](/wiki/Jars,_Cher "Jars, Cher")
* [Jouet-sur-l'Aubois](/wiki/Jouet-sur-l%27Aubois "Jouet-sur-l'Aubois")
* [Jussy-Champagne](/wiki/Jussy-Champagne "Jussy-Champagne")
* [Jussy-le-Chaudrier](/wiki/Jussy-le-Chaudrier "Jussy-le-Chaudrier")
* [Lantan](/wiki/Lantan,_Cher "Lantan, Cher")
* [Lapan](/wiki/Lapan "Lapan")
* [Lazenay](/wiki/Lazenay "Lazenay")
* [Léré](/wiki/L%C3%A9r%C3%A9,_Cher "Léré, Cher")
* [Levet](/wiki/Levet "Levet")
* [Lignières](/wiki/Ligni%C3%A8res,_Cher "Lignières, Cher")
* [Limeux](/wiki/Limeux,_Cher "Limeux, Cher")
* [Lissay-Lochy](/wiki/Lissay-Lochy "Lissay-Lochy")
* [Loye-sur-Arnon](/wiki/Loye-sur-Arnon "Loye-sur-Arnon")
* [Lugny-Bourbonnais](/wiki/Lugny-Bourbonnais "Lugny-Bourbonnais")
* [Lugny-Champagne](/wiki/Lugny-Champagne "Lugny-Champagne")
* [Lunery](/wiki/Lunery "Lunery")
* [Lury-sur-Arnon](/wiki/Lury-sur-Arnon "Lury-sur-Arnon")
* [Maisonnais](/wiki/Maisonnais "Maisonnais")
* [Marçais](/wiki/Mar%C3%A7ais "Marçais")
* [Mareuil-sur-Arnon](/wiki/Mareuil-sur-Arnon "Mareuil-sur-Arnon")
* [Marmagne](/wiki/Marmagne,_Cher "Marmagne, Cher")
* [Marseilles-lès-Aubigny](/wiki/Marseilles-l%C3%A8s-Aubigny "Marseilles-lès-Aubigny")
* [Massay](/wiki/Massay "Massay")
* [Mehun-sur-Yèvre](/wiki/Mehun-sur-Y%C3%A8vre "Mehun-sur-Yèvre")
* [Meillant](/wiki/Meillant "Meillant")
* [Menetou-Couture](/wiki/Menetou-Couture "Menetou-Couture")
* [Menetou-Râtel](/wiki/Menetou-R%C3%A2tel "Menetou-Râtel")
* [Menetou-Salon](/wiki/Menetou-Salon "Menetou-Salon")
* [Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre](/wiki/M%C3%A9n%C3%A9tr%C3%A9ol-sous-Sancerre "Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre")
* [Ménétréol-sur-Sauldre](/wiki/M%C3%A9n%C3%A9tr%C3%A9ol-sur-Sauldre "Ménétréol-sur-Sauldre")
* [Méreau](/wiki/M%C3%A9reau "Méreau")
* [Méry-ès-Bois](/wiki/M%C3%A9ry-%C3%A8s-Bois "Méry-ès-Bois")
* [Méry-sur-Cher](/wiki/M%C3%A9ry-sur-Cher "Méry-sur-Cher")
* [Montigny](/wiki/Montigny,_Cher "Montigny, Cher")
* [Montlouis](/wiki/Montlouis "Montlouis")
* [Morlac](/wiki/Morlac "Morlac")
* [Mornay-Berry](/wiki/Mornay-Berry "Mornay-Berry")
* [Mornay-sur-Allier](/wiki/Mornay-sur-Allier "Mornay-sur-Allier")
* [Morogues](/wiki/Morogues "Morogues")
* [Morthomiers](/wiki/Morthomiers "Morthomiers")
* [Moulins-sur-Yèvre](/wiki/Moulins-sur-Y%C3%A8vre "Moulins-sur-Yèvre")
* [Nançay](/wiki/Nan%C3%A7ay "Nançay")
* [Nérondes](/wiki/N%C3%A9rondes "Nérondes")
* [Neuilly-en-Dun](/wiki/Neuilly-en-Dun "Neuilly-en-Dun")
* [Neuilly-en-Sancerre](/wiki/Neuilly-en-Sancerre "Neuilly-en-Sancerre")
* [Neuvy-Deux-Clochers](/wiki/Neuvy-Deux-Clochers "Neuvy-Deux-Clochers")
* [Neuvy-le-Barrois](/wiki/Neuvy-le-Barrois "Neuvy-le-Barrois")
* [Neuvy-sur-Barangeon](/wiki/Neuvy-sur-Barangeon "Neuvy-sur-Barangeon")
* [Nohant-en-Goût](/wiki/Nohant-en-Go%C3%BBt "Nohant-en-Goût")
* [Nohant-en-Graçay](/wiki/Nohant-en-Gra%C3%A7ay "Nohant-en-Graçay")
* [Le Noyer](/wiki/Le_Noyer,_Cher "Le Noyer, Cher")
* [Nozières](/wiki/Nozi%C3%A8res,_Cher "Nozières, Cher")
* [Oizon](/wiki/Oizon "Oizon")
* [Orcenais](/wiki/Orcenais "Orcenais")
* [Orval](/wiki/Orval,_Cher "Orval, Cher")
* [Osmery](/wiki/Osmery "Osmery")
* [Osmoy](/wiki/Osmoy,_Cher "Osmoy, Cher")
* [Ourouer-les-Bourdelins](/wiki/Ourouer-les-Bourdelins "Ourouer-les-Bourdelins")
* [Parassy](/wiki/Parassy "Parassy")
* [Parnay](/wiki/Parnay,_Cher "Parnay, Cher")
* [La Perche](/wiki/La_Perche "La Perche")
* [Pigny](/wiki/Pigny "Pigny")
* [Plaimpied-Givaudins](/wiki/Plaimpied-Givaudins "Plaimpied-Givaudins")
* [Plou](/wiki/Plou,_Cher "Plou, Cher")
* [Poisieux](/wiki/Poisieux "Poisieux")
* [Le Pondy](/wiki/Le_Pondy "Le Pondy")
* [Précy](/wiki/Pr%C3%A9cy "Précy")
* [Presly](/wiki/Presly "Presly")
* [Preuilly](/wiki/Preuilly,_Cher "Preuilly, Cher")
* [Préveranges](/wiki/Pr%C3%A9veranges "Préveranges")
* [Primelles](/wiki/Primelles "Primelles")
* [Quantilly](/wiki/Quantilly "Quantilly")
* [Quincy](/wiki/Quincy,_Cher "Quincy, Cher")
* [Raymond](/wiki/Raymond,_Cher "Raymond, Cher")
* [Reigny](/wiki/Reigny "Reigny")
* [Rezay](/wiki/Rezay "Rezay")
* [Rians](/wiki/Rians,_Cher "Rians, Cher")
* [Sagonne](/wiki/Sagonne "Sagonne")
* [Saint-Aignan-des-Noyers](/wiki/Saint-Aignan-des-Noyers "Saint-Aignan-des-Noyers")
* [Saint-Ambroix](/wiki/Saint-Ambroix,_Cher "Saint-Ambroix, Cher")
* [Saint-Baudel](/wiki/Saint-Baudel "Saint-Baudel")
* [Saint-Bouize](/wiki/Saint-Bouize "Saint-Bouize")
* [Saint-Caprais](/wiki/Saint-Caprais,_Cher "Saint-Caprais, Cher")
* [Saint-Céols](/wiki/Saint-C%C3%A9ols "Saint-Céols")
* [Saint-Christophe-le-Chaudry](/wiki/Saint-Christophe-le-Chaudry "Saint-Christophe-le-Chaudry")
* [Saint-Denis-de-Palin](/wiki/Saint-Denis-de-Palin "Saint-Denis-de-Palin")
* [Saint-Doulchard](/wiki/Saint-Doulchard "Saint-Doulchard")
* [Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois](/wiki/Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois "Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois")
* [Saint-Éloy-de-Gy](/wiki/Saint-%C3%89loy-de-Gy "Saint-Éloy-de-Gy")
* [Sainte-Montaine](/wiki/Sainte-Montaine "Sainte-Montaine")
* [Sainte-Solange](/wiki/Sainte-Solange "Sainte-Solange")
* [Sainte-Thorette](/wiki/Sainte-Thorette "Sainte-Thorette")
* [Saint-Florent-sur-Cher](/wiki/Saint-Florent-sur-Cher "Saint-Florent-sur-Cher")
* [Saint-Georges-de-Poisieux](/wiki/Saint-Georges-de-Poisieux "Saint-Georges-de-Poisieux")
* [Saint-Georges-sur-la-Prée](/wiki/Saint-Georges-sur-la-Pr%C3%A9e "Saint-Georges-sur-la-Prée")
* [Saint-Georges-sur-Moulon](/wiki/Saint-Georges-sur-Moulon "Saint-Georges-sur-Moulon")
* [Saint-Germain-des-Bois](/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Bois,_Cher "Saint-Germain-des-Bois, Cher")
* [Saint-Germain-du-Puy](/wiki/Saint-Germain-du-Puy "Saint-Germain-du-Puy")
* [Saint-Hilaire-de-Court](/wiki/Saint-Hilaire-de-Court "Saint-Hilaire-de-Court")
* [Saint-Hilaire-de-Gondilly](/wiki/Saint-Hilaire-de-Gondilly "Saint-Hilaire-de-Gondilly")
* [Saint-Hilaire-en-Lignières](/wiki/Saint-Hilaire-en-Ligni%C3%A8res "Saint-Hilaire-en-Lignières")
* [Saint-Jeanvrin](/wiki/Saint-Jeanvrin "Saint-Jeanvrin")
* [Saint-Just](/wiki/Saint-Just,_Cher "Saint-Just, Cher")
* [Saint-Laurent](/wiki/Saint-Laurent,_Cher "Saint-Laurent, Cher")
* [Saint-Léger-le-Petit](/wiki/Saint-L%C3%A9ger-le-Petit "Saint-Léger-le-Petit")
* [Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes](/wiki/Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes "Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes")
* [Saint-Martin-d'Auxigny](/wiki/Saint-Martin-d%27Auxigny "Saint-Martin-d'Auxigny")
* [Saint-Martin-des-Champs](/wiki/Saint-Martin-des-Champs,_Cher "Saint-Martin-des-Champs, Cher")
* [Saint-Maur](/wiki/Saint-Maur,_Cher "Saint-Maur, Cher")
* [Saint-Michel-de-Volangis](/wiki/Saint-Michel-de-Volangis "Saint-Michel-de-Volangis")
* [Saint-Outrille](/wiki/Saint-Outrille "Saint-Outrille")
* [Saint-Palais](/wiki/Saint-Palais,_Cher "Saint-Palais, Cher")
* [Saint-Pierre-les-Bois](/wiki/Saint-Pierre-les-Bois "Saint-Pierre-les-Bois")
* [Saint-Pierre-les-Étieux](/wiki/Saint-Pierre-les-%C3%89tieux "Saint-Pierre-les-Étieux")
* [Saint-Priest-la-Marche](/wiki/Saint-Priest-la-Marche "Saint-Priest-la-Marche")
* [Saint-Satur](/wiki/Saint-Satur "Saint-Satur")
* [Saint-Saturnin](/wiki/Saint-Saturnin,_Cher "Saint-Saturnin, Cher")
* [Saint-Symphorien](/wiki/Saint-Symphorien,_Cher "Saint-Symphorien, Cher")
* [Saint-Vitte](/wiki/Saint-Vitte "Saint-Vitte")
* [Sancergues](/wiki/Sancergues "Sancergues")
* [Sancerre](/wiki/Sancerre "Sancerre")
* [Sancoins](/wiki/Sancoins "Sancoins")
* [Santranges](/wiki/Santranges "Santranges")
* [Saugy](/wiki/Saugy "Saugy")
* [Saulzais-le-Potier](/wiki/Saulzais-le-Potier "Saulzais-le-Potier")
* [Savigny-en-Sancerre](/wiki/Savigny-en-Sancerre "Savigny-en-Sancerre")
* [Savigny-en-Septaine](/wiki/Savigny-en-Septaine "Savigny-en-Septaine")
* [Senneçay](/wiki/Senne%C3%A7ay "Senneçay")
* [Sens-Beaujeu](/wiki/Sens-Beaujeu "Sens-Beaujeu")
* [Serruelles](/wiki/Serruelles "Serruelles")
* [Sévry](/wiki/S%C3%A9vry "Sévry")
* [Sidiailles](/wiki/Sidiailles "Sidiailles")
* [Soulangis](/wiki/Soulangis "Soulangis")
* [Soye-en-Septaine](/wiki/Soye-en-Septaine "Soye-en-Septaine")
* [Le Subdray](/wiki/Le_Subdray "Le Subdray")
* [Subligny](/wiki/Subligny,_Cher "Subligny, Cher")
* [Sury-en-Vaux](/wiki/Sury-en-Vaux "Sury-en-Vaux")
* [Sury-ès-Bois](/wiki/Sury-%C3%A8s-Bois "Sury-ès-Bois")
* [Sury-près-Léré](/wiki/Sury-pr%C3%A8s-L%C3%A9r%C3%A9 "Sury-près-Léré")
* [Tendron](/wiki/Tendron "Tendron")
* [Thaumiers](/wiki/Thaumiers "Thaumiers")
* [Thauvenay](/wiki/Thauvenay "Thauvenay")
* [Thénioux](/wiki/Th%C3%A9nioux "Thénioux")
* [Thou](/wiki/Thou,_Cher "Thou, Cher")
* [Torteron](/wiki/Torteron "Torteron")
* [Touchay](/wiki/Touchay "Touchay")
* [Trouy](/wiki/Trouy "Trouy")
* [Uzay-le-Venon](/wiki/Uzay-le-Venon "Uzay-le-Venon")
* [Vailly-sur-Sauldre](/wiki/Vailly-sur-Sauldre "Vailly-sur-Sauldre")
* [Vallenay](/wiki/Vallenay "Vallenay")
* [Vasselay](/wiki/Vasselay "Vasselay")
* [Veaugues](/wiki/Veaugues "Veaugues")
* [Venesmes](/wiki/Venesmes "Venesmes")
* [Verdigny](/wiki/Verdigny "Verdigny")
* [Vereaux](/wiki/Vereaux "Vereaux")
* [Vernais](/wiki/Vernais "Vernais")
* [Verneuil](/wiki/Verneuil,_Cher "Verneuil, Cher")
* [Vesdun](/wiki/Vesdun "Vesdun")
* [Vignoux-sous-les-Aix](/wiki/Vignoux-sous-les-Aix "Vignoux-sous-les-Aix")
* [Vignoux-sur-Barangeon](/wiki/Vignoux-sur-Barangeon "Vignoux-sur-Barangeon")
* [Villabon](/wiki/Villabon "Villabon")
* [Villecelin](/wiki/Villecelin "Villecelin")
* [Villegenon](/wiki/Villegenon "Villegenon")
* [Villeneuve-sur-Cher](/wiki/Villeneuve-sur-Cher "Villeneuve-sur-Cher")
* [Villequiers](/wiki/Villequiers "Villequiers")
* [Vinon](/wiki/Vinon "Vinon")
* [Vorly](/wiki/Vorly "Vorly")
* [Vornay](/wiki/Vornay "Vornay")
* [Vouzeron](/wiki/Vouzeron "Vouzeron")
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control"): National |
* [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152494605)
* [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152494605)
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ineuil&action=edit)*. | | Ineuil |
| --- |
| Commune |
| Location of Ineuil
|
| IneuilShow map of FranceIneuilShow map of Centre-Val de Loire |
| Coordinates: 46°46′39″N 2°17′24″E / 46.7775°N 2.29°E / 46.7775; 2.29Coordinates: 46°46′39″N 2°17′24″E / 46.7775°N 2.29°E / 46.7775; 2.29 |
| Country | France |
| Region | Centre-Val de Loire |
| Department | Cher |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Amand-Montrond |
| Canton | Châteaumeillant |
| Government |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Patrick Bisson[1] |
| Area1 | 27.48 km2 (10.61 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[2] | 226 |
| • Density | 8.2/km2 (21/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 18114 /18160 |
| Elevation | 158–188 m (518–617 ft) (avg. 168 m or 551 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Ineuil is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 226 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
Historical population| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | 321 | — |
| 1968 | 346 | +7.8% |
| 1975 | 273 | −21.1% |
| 1982 | 269 | −1.5% |
| 1990 | 240 | −10.8% |
| 1999 | 248 | +3.3% |
| 2008 | 242 | −2.4% |
References
↑ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
↑ "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ineuil.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: Ineuil
| * v
* t
* e
Communes in the Cher department |
| --- |
| Prefecture |
* Bourges
|
| Subprefectures |
* Saint-Amand-Montrond
* Vierzon
|
| Other |
* Achères
* Ainay-le-Vieil
* Les Aix-d'Angillon
* Allogny
* Allouis
* Annoix
* Apremont-sur-Allier
* Arçay
* Arcomps
* Ardenais
* Argent-sur-Sauldre
* Argenvières
* Arpheuilles
* Assigny
* Aubigny-sur-Nère
* Aubinges
* Augy-sur-Aubois
* Avord
* Azy
* Bannay
* Bannegon
* Barlieu
* Baugy
* Beddes
* Beffes
* Belleville-sur-Loire
* Bengy-sur-Craon
* Berry-Bouy
* Bessais-le-Fromental
* Blancafort
* Blet
* Boulleret
* Bouzais
* Brécy
* Brinay
* Brinon-sur-Sauldre
* Bruère-Allichamps
* Bué
* Bussy
* La Celette
* La Celle
* La Celle-Condé
* Cerbois
* Chalivoy-Milon
* Chambon
* La Chapelle-d'Angillon
* La Chapelle-Hugon
* La Chapelle-Montlinard
* La Chapelle-Saint-Ursin
* La Chapelotte
* Charenton-du-Cher
* Charentonnay
* Charly
* Chârost
* Chassy
* Châteaumeillant
* Châteauneuf-sur-Cher
* Le Châtelet
* Chaumont
* Chaumoux-Marcilly
* Le Chautay
* Chavannes
* Chéry
* Chezal-Benoît
* Civray
* Clémont
* Cogny
* Colombiers
* Concressault
* Contres
* Cornusse
* Corquoy
* Couargues
* Cours-les-Barres
* Coust
* Couy
* Crézançay-sur-Cher
* Crézancy-en-Sancerre
* Croisy
* Crosses
* Cuffy
* Culan
* Dampierre-en-Crot
* Dampierre-en-Graçay
* Drevant
* Dun-sur-Auron
* Ennordres
* Épineuil-le-Fleuriel
* Étréchy
* Farges-Allichamps
* Farges-en-Septaine
* Faverdines
* Feux
* Flavigny
* Foëcy
* Fussy
* Gardefort
* Garigny
* Genouilly
* Germigny-l'Exempt
* Givardon
* Graçay
* Groises
* Gron
* Grossouvre
* La Groutte
* La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois
* Henrichemont
* Herry
* Humbligny
* Ids-Saint-Roch
* Ignol
* Ineuil
* Ivoy-le-Pré
* Jalognes
* Jars
* Jouet-sur-l'Aubois
* Jussy-Champagne
* Jussy-le-Chaudrier
* Lantan
* Lapan
* Lazenay
* Léré
* Levet
* Lignières
* Limeux
* Lissay-Lochy
* Loye-sur-Arnon
* Lugny-Bourbonnais
* Lugny-Champagne
* Lunery
* Lury-sur-Arnon
* Maisonnais
* Marçais
* Mareuil-sur-Arnon
* Marmagne
* Marseilles-lès-Aubigny
* Massay
* Mehun-sur-Yèvre
* Meillant
* Menetou-Couture
* Menetou-Râtel
* Menetou-Salon
* Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre
* Ménétréol-sur-Sauldre
* Méreau
* Méry-ès-Bois
* Méry-sur-Cher
* Montigny
* Montlouis
* Morlac
* Mornay-Berry
* Mornay-sur-Allier
* Morogues
* Morthomiers
* Moulins-sur-Yèvre
* Nançay
* Nérondes
* Neuilly-en-Dun
* Neuilly-en-Sancerre
* Neuvy-Deux-Clochers
* Neuvy-le-Barrois
* Neuvy-sur-Barangeon
* Nohant-en-Goût
* Nohant-en-Graçay
* Le Noyer
* Nozières
* Oizon
* Orcenais
* Orval
* Osmery
* Osmoy
* Ourouer-les-Bourdelins
* Parassy
* Parnay
* La Perche
* Pigny
* Plaimpied-Givaudins
* Plou
* Poisieux
* Le Pondy
* Précy
* Presly
* Preuilly
* Préveranges
* Primelles
* Quantilly
* Quincy
* Raymond
* Reigny
* Rezay
* Rians
* Sagonne
* Saint-Aignan-des-Noyers
* Saint-Ambroix
* Saint-Baudel
* Saint-Bouize
* Saint-Caprais
* Saint-Céols
* Saint-Christophe-le-Chaudry
* Saint-Denis-de-Palin
* Saint-Doulchard
* Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois
* Saint-Éloy-de-Gy
* Sainte-Montaine
* Sainte-Solange
* Sainte-Thorette
* Saint-Florent-sur-Cher
* Saint-Georges-de-Poisieux
* Saint-Georges-sur-la-Prée
* Saint-Georges-sur-Moulon
* Saint-Germain-des-Bois
* Saint-Germain-du-Puy
* Saint-Hilaire-de-Court
* Saint-Hilaire-de-Gondilly
* Saint-Hilaire-en-Lignières
* Saint-Jeanvrin
* Saint-Just
* Saint-Laurent
* Saint-Léger-le-Petit
* Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes
* Saint-Martin-d'Auxigny
* Saint-Martin-des-Champs
* Saint-Maur
* Saint-Michel-de-Volangis
* Saint-Outrille
* Saint-Palais
* Saint-Pierre-les-Bois
* Saint-Pierre-les-Étieux
* Saint-Priest-la-Marche
* Saint-Satur
* Saint-Saturnin
* Saint-Symphorien
* Saint-Vitte
* Sancergues
* Sancerre
* Sancoins
* Santranges
* Saugy
* Saulzais-le-Potier
* Savigny-en-Sancerre
* Savigny-en-Septaine
* Senneçay
* Sens-Beaujeu
* Serruelles
* Sévry
* Sidiailles
* Soulangis
* Soye-en-Septaine
* Le Subdray
* Subligny
* Sury-en-Vaux
* Sury-ès-Bois
* Sury-près-Léré
* Tendron
* Thaumiers
* Thauvenay
* Thénioux
* Thou
* Torteron
* Touchay
* Trouy
* Uzay-le-Venon
* Vailly-sur-Sauldre
* Vallenay
* Vasselay
* Veaugues
* Venesmes
* Verdigny
* Vereaux
* Vernais
* Verneuil
* Vesdun
* Vignoux-sous-les-Aix
* Vignoux-sur-Barangeon
* Villabon
* Villecelin
* Villegenon
* Villeneuve-sur-Cher
* Villequiers
* Vinon
* Vorly
* Vornay
* Vouzeron
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Authority control: National |
* France
* BnF data
|
This short article about a place or feature in France can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
192,570 | Hide_and_Seek | Hide and Seek | 2,097,744 | Redirect to:
* [Hide and Seek (2005 movie)](/wiki/Hide_and_Seek_(2005_movie) "Hide and Seek (2005 movie)") | Redirect to:
Hide and Seek (2005 movie)
|
664,161 | Exeter,_California | Exeter, California | 8,973,840 | **Exeter** is a city in [Tulare County](/wiki/Tulare_County,_California "Tulare County, California"), [California](/wiki/California "California"), [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"). It is in the [San Joaquin Valley](/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley "San Joaquin Valley") near the foothills of the [Sierra Nevada](/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.) "Sierra Nevada (U.S.)") mountains. The population was 10,321 at the 2020 census.[[1]](#cite_note-2020QF-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-2020QF_1-0) ["QuickFacts: Exeter city, California"](https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/exetercitycalifornia). [U.S. Census Bureau](/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau "U.S. Census Bureau"). Retrieved July 31, 2023.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Tulare_County,_California "Template:Tulare County, California")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Tulare_County,_California&action=edit)
Municipalities and communities of [Tulare County, California](/wiki/Tulare_County,_California "Tulare County, California"), United States |
| --- |
| [County seat](/wiki/County_seat "County seat"): **[Visalia](/wiki/Visalia,_California "Visalia, California")** |
| [Cities](/wiki/List_of_cities_in_California "List of cities in California") |
* Dinuba
* Exeter
* Farmersville
* Lindsay
* [Porterville](/wiki/Porterville,_California "Porterville, California")
* [Tulare](/wiki/Tulare,_California "Tulare, California")
* [Visalia](/wiki/Visalia,_California "Visalia, California")
* Woodlake
| Tulare County map |
| [CDPs](/wiki/Census-designated_place "Census-designated place") |
* Allensworth
* Alpaugh
* California Hot Springs
* Camp Nelson
* Cedar Slope
* Cutler
* Delft Colony
* Ducor
* [Earlimart](/wiki/Earlimart,_California "Earlimart, California")
* East Orosi
* East Porterville
* East Tulare Villa
* El Monte Mobile Village
* El Rancho
* Goshen
* Hartland
* Hypericum
* Idlewild
* Ivanhoe
* Jovista
* Kennedy Meadows
* Lemon Cove
* Lindcove
* Linnell Camp
* London
* Matheny
* McClenney Tract
* Monson
* Orosi
* Panorama Heights
* Patterson Tract
* Pierpoint
* Pine Flat
* Pixley
* Plainview
* Ponderosa
* Poplar-Cotton Center
* Posey
* Poso Park
* Richgrove
* Rodriguez Camp
* Sequoia Crest
* Seville
* Silver City
* [Springville](/wiki/Springville,_California "Springville, California")
* Strathmore
* Sugarloaf Mountain Park
* Sugarloaf Saw Mill
* Sugarloaf Village
* Sultana
* Terra Bella
* Teviston
* Three Rivers
* Tipton
* Tonyville
* Tooleville
* Traver
* Waukena
* West Goshen
* Wilsonia
* Woodville
* Woodville Farm Labor Camp
* Yettem
|
| [Unincorporatedcommunities](/wiki/Unincorporated_area "Unincorporated area") |
* Advance
* Angiola
* Auckland
* Badger
* Balance Rock
* Blanco
* Cairns Corner
* Calgro
* Johnsondale
* Kaweah
* North Dinuba
* Rocky Hill
* Ultra
* White River
* Yokohl Valley
* Zante
|
| [Ghost towns](/wiki/Ghost_towns "Ghost towns") |
* Dogtown
* Fountain Springs
* Packwood Station
* Stickneys Ferry
|
| [Indianreservation](/wiki/Indian_reservation "Indian reservation") |
* Tule River Reservation
|
| Other |
* Buena Vista County, California
* Coso County, California
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in the United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_geography_stubs "Category:United States geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exeter,_California&action=edit)*. | Exeter is a city in Tulare County, California, United States. It is in the San Joaquin Valley near the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains. The population was 10,321 at the 2020 census.[1]
References
↑ "QuickFacts: Exeter city, California". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
| * v
* t
* e
Municipalities and communities of Tulare County, California, United States |
| --- |
| County seat: Visalia |
| Cities |
* Dinuba
* Exeter
* Farmersville
* Lindsay
* Porterville
* Tulare
* Visalia
* Woodlake
| Tulare County map |
| CDPs |
* Allensworth
* Alpaugh
* California Hot Springs
* Camp Nelson
* Cedar Slope
* Cutler
* Delft Colony
* Ducor
* Earlimart
* East Orosi
* East Porterville
* East Tulare Villa
* El Monte Mobile Village
* El Rancho
* Goshen
* Hartland
* Hypericum
* Idlewild
* Ivanhoe
* Jovista
* Kennedy Meadows
* Lemon Cove
* Lindcove
* Linnell Camp
* London
* Matheny
* McClenney Tract
* Monson
* Orosi
* Panorama Heights
* Patterson Tract
* Pierpoint
* Pine Flat
* Pixley
* Plainview
* Ponderosa
* Poplar-Cotton Center
* Posey
* Poso Park
* Richgrove
* Rodriguez Camp
* Sequoia Crest
* Seville
* Silver City
* Springville
* Strathmore
* Sugarloaf Mountain Park
* Sugarloaf Saw Mill
* Sugarloaf Village
* Sultana
* Terra Bella
* Teviston
* Three Rivers
* Tipton
* Tonyville
* Tooleville
* Traver
* Waukena
* West Goshen
* Wilsonia
* Woodville
* Woodville Farm Labor Camp
* Yettem
|
| Unincorporatedcommunities |
* Advance
* Angiola
* Auckland
* Badger
* Balance Rock
* Blanco
* Cairns Corner
* Calgro
* Johnsondale
* Kaweah
* North Dinuba
* Rocky Hill
* Ultra
* White River
* Yokohl Valley
* Zante
|
| Ghost towns |
* Dogtown
* Fountain Springs
* Packwood Station
* Stickneys Ferry
|
| Indianreservation |
* Tule River Reservation
|
| Other |
* Buena Vista County, California
* Coso County, California
|
This short article about a place or feature in the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
440,709 | First_inauguration_of_Ulysses_S._Grant | First inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant | 7,750,385 | Guests and citizens gather to watch Grant's inauguration, March 4, 1869
The **first inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant** as the [18th](/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States "List of presidents of the United States") [president of the United States](/wiki/President_of_the_United_States "President of the United States") took place on March 4, 1869. The [inauguration](/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration "United States presidential inauguration") was the beginning of the first four-year term of [Ulysses S. Grant](/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant "Ulysses S. Grant") as President and the only term of [Schuyler Colfax](/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax "Schuyler Colfax") as [Vice President](/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States "Vice President of the United States").
This inauguration was the first that both living parents of the president attended.
[Chief Justice](/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States "Chief Justice of the United States") [Salmon P. Chase](/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase "Salmon P. Chase") administered the [oath of office](/wiki/Oath_of_office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States "Oath of office of the President of the United States"). [Andrew Johnson](/wiki/Andrew_Johnson "Andrew Johnson") did not attend the inaugural ceremonies, as President-elect Grant refused to sit with him in the carriage going to it. Instead, he was in the [White House](/wiki/White_House "White House") signing last-minute legislation.[[1]](#cite_note-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Ulysses S. Grant inauguration"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090120211653/http://inaugural.senate.gov/history/chronology/usgrant1869.cfm). Archived from [the original](http://inaugural.senate.gov/history/chronology/usgrant1869.cfm) on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2014-03-01.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:US_inaugurations "Template:US inaugurations")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:US_inaugurations "Template talk:US inaugurations")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:US_inaugurations&action=edit)
[United States presidential inaugurations](/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration "United States presidential inauguration") |
| --- |
|
* [Washington (1789)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_Washington "First inauguration of George Washington")
* [Washington (1793)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_George_Washington "Second inauguration of George Washington")
* [J. Adams (1797)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_Adams "Inauguration of John Adams")
* [Jefferson (1801)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Thomas_Jefferson "First inauguration of Thomas Jefferson")
* [Jefferson (1805)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Thomas_Jefferson "Second inauguration of Thomas Jefferson")
* [Madison (1809)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_James_Madison "First inauguration of James Madison")
* [Madison (1813)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_James_Madison "Second inauguration of James Madison")
* [Monroe (1817)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_James_Monroe "First inauguration of James Monroe")
* [Monroe (1821)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_James_Monroe "Second inauguration of James Monroe")
* [J. Q. Adams (1825)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_Quincy_Adams "Inauguration of John Quincy Adams")
* [Jackson (1829)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Andrew_Jackson "First inauguration of Andrew Jackson")
* [Jackson (1833)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Andrew_Jackson "Second inauguration of Andrew Jackson")
* Van Buren (1837)
* W. H. Harrison (1841)
* [Tyler (1841)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_Tyler "Inauguration of John Tyler")\*
* [Polk (1845)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_James_K._Polk "Inauguration of James K. Polk")
* Taylor (1849)
* Fillmore (1850)\*
* Pierce (1853)
* Buchanan (1857)
* [Lincoln (1861)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Abraham_Lincoln "First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln")
* [Lincoln (1865)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Abraham_Lincoln "Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln")
* [A. Johnson (1865)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Andrew_Johnson "Inauguration of Andrew Johnson")\*
* Grant (1869)
* Grant (1873)
* [Hayes (1877)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes "Inauguration of Rutherford B. Hayes")
* [Garfield (1881)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_James_A._Garfield "Inauguration of James A. Garfield")
* Arthur (1881)\*
* [Cleveland (1885)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Grover_Cleveland "First inauguration of Grover Cleveland")
* [B. Harrison (1889)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Benjamin_Harrison "Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison")
* Cleveland (1893)
* [McKinley (1897)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_William_McKinley "First inauguration of William McKinley")
* [McKinley (1901)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_William_McKinley "Second inauguration of William McKinley")
* [T. Roosevelt (1901)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Theodore_Roosevelt "First inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt")\*
* [T. Roosevelt (1905)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Theodore_Roosevelt "Second inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt")
* [Taft (1909)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_William_Howard_Taft "Inauguration of William Howard Taft")
* [Wilson (1913)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson "First inauguration of Woodrow Wilson")
* [Wilson (1917)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson "Second inauguration of Woodrow Wilson")
* [Harding (1921)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Warren_G._Harding "Inauguration of Warren G. Harding")
* [Coolidge (1923)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Calvin_Coolidge "First inauguration of Calvin Coolidge")\*
* [Coolidge (1925)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Calvin_Coolidge "Second inauguration of Calvin Coolidge")
* [Hoover (1929)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Herbert_Hoover "Inauguration of Herbert Hoover")
* [F. D. Roosevelt (1933)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt "First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt")
* [F. D. Roosevelt (1937)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt "Second inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt")
* [F. D. Roosevelt (1941)](/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt "Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt")
* [F. D. Roosevelt (1945)](/wiki/Fourth_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt "Fourth inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt")
* [Truman (1945)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Harry_S._Truman "First inauguration of Harry S. Truman")\*
* [Truman (1949)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Harry_S._Truman "Second inauguration of Harry S. Truman")
* [Eisenhower (1953)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower "First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower")
* [Eisenhower (1957)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower "Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower")
* [Kennedy (1961)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_F._Kennedy "Inauguration of John F. Kennedy")
* [L. B. Johnson (1963)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson "First inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson")\*
* [L. B. Johnson (1965)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson "Second inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson")
* [Nixon (1969)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon "First inauguration of Richard Nixon")
* [Nixon (1973)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon "Second inauguration of Richard Nixon")
* [Ford (1974)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Gerald_Ford "Inauguration of Gerald Ford")\*
* [Carter (1977)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Jimmy_Carter "Inauguration of Jimmy Carter")
* [Reagan (1981)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan "First inauguration of Ronald Reagan")
* [Reagan (1985)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan "Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan")
* [G. H. W. Bush (1989)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_George_H._W._Bush "Inauguration of George H. W. Bush")
* [Clinton (1993)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton "First inauguration of Bill Clinton")
* [Clinton (1997)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton "Second inauguration of Bill Clinton")
* [G. W. Bush (2001)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush "First inauguration of George W. Bush")
* [G. W. Bush (2005)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush "Second inauguration of George W. Bush")
* [Obama (2009)](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama "First inauguration of Barack Obama")
* [Obama (2013)](/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama "Second inauguration of Barack Obama")
* [Trump (2017)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Donald_Trump "Inauguration of Donald Trump")
* [Biden (2021)](/wiki/Inauguration_of_Joe_Biden "Inauguration of Joe Biden")
| |
| \*Non-scheduled (extraordinary) inaugurations |
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [history](/wiki/Category:History_stubs "Category:History stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_inauguration_of_Ulysses_S._Grant&action=edit)*.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about the [United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_stubs "Category:United States stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_inauguration_of_Ulysses_S._Grant&action=edit)*. | Guests and citizens gather to watch Grant's inauguration, March 4, 1869
The first inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant as the 18th president of the United States took place on March 4, 1869. The inauguration was the beginning of the first four-year term of Ulysses S. Grant as President and the only term of Schuyler Colfax as Vice President.
This inauguration was the first that both living parents of the president attended.
Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase administered the oath of office. Andrew Johnson did not attend the inaugural ceremonies, as President-elect Grant refused to sit with him in the carriage going to it. Instead, he was in the White House signing last-minute legislation.[1]
References
↑ "Ulysses S. Grant inauguration". Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2014-03-01.
| * v
* t
* e
United States presidential inaugurations |
| --- |
|
* Washington (1789)
* Washington (1793)
* J. Adams (1797)
* Jefferson (1801)
* Jefferson (1805)
* Madison (1809)
* Madison (1813)
* Monroe (1817)
* Monroe (1821)
* J. Q. Adams (1825)
* Jackson (1829)
* Jackson (1833)
* Van Buren (1837)
* W. H. Harrison (1841)
* Tyler (1841)*
* Polk (1845)
* Taylor (1849)
* Fillmore (1850)*
* Pierce (1853)
* Buchanan (1857)
* Lincoln (1861)
* Lincoln (1865)
* A. Johnson (1865)*
* Grant (1869)
* Grant (1873)
* Hayes (1877)
* Garfield (1881)
* Arthur (1881)*
* Cleveland (1885)
* B. Harrison (1889)
* Cleveland (1893)
* McKinley (1897)
* McKinley (1901)
* T. Roosevelt (1901)*
* T. Roosevelt (1905)
* Taft (1909)
* Wilson (1913)
* Wilson (1917)
* Harding (1921)
* Coolidge (1923)*
* Coolidge (1925)
* Hoover (1929)
* F. D. Roosevelt (1933)
* F. D. Roosevelt (1937)
* F. D. Roosevelt (1941)
* F. D. Roosevelt (1945)
* Truman (1945)*
* Truman (1949)
* Eisenhower (1953)
* Eisenhower (1957)
* Kennedy (1961)
* L. B. Johnson (1963)*
* L. B. Johnson (1965)
* Nixon (1969)
* Nixon (1973)
* Ford (1974)*
* Carter (1977)
* Reagan (1981)
* Reagan (1985)
* G. H. W. Bush (1989)
* Clinton (1993)
* Clinton (1997)
* G. W. Bush (2001)
* G. W. Bush (2005)
* Obama (2009)
* Obama (2013)
* Trump (2017)
* Biden (2021)
| |
| *Non-scheduled (extraordinary) inaugurations |
This short article about history can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
This short article about the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
80,548 | West_Berlin | West Berlin | 8,040,266 | | West Berlin*West-Berlin* or *Berlin (West)* |
| --- |
| [Allied-occupied sector of Berlin](/wiki/Allied_Occupation_Zones_in_Germany "Allied Occupation Zones in Germany") |
| 1949–1990 |
|
Flag |
| The four occupation zones of Berlin. West Berlin is in light blue, dark blue and purple |
| History | |
| |
| Historical era | Cold War |
| |
| • Established | 1949 |
| • [Reunification](/wiki/German_reunification "German reunification") | 3 October 1990 1990 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| **Preceded by** | **Succeeded by** |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | [Allied Occupation Zones in Germany](/wiki/Allied_Occupation_Zones_in_Germany "Allied Occupation Zones in Germany") |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin "Berlin") | |
|
|
West Berlin, as of 1978.
**West Berlin** was the name of the western part of [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin "Berlin") between 1949 and 1990. It was the American, British, and French [occupied sectors](/wiki/Occupied_territory "Occupied territory") that were created in 1945.
In many ways it was integrated (joined) with [West Germany](/wiki/West_Germany "West Germany"), but it was not a part of West Germany or East Germany. The [Soviet](/wiki/Soviet_Union "Soviet Union") sector became [East Berlin](/wiki/East_Berlin "East Berlin"), which [East Germany](/wiki/East_Germany "East Germany") claimed as its capital. The Western Allies never recognized this claim. They said that the whole city was still under four-power occupation. The building of the [Berlin Wall](/wiki/Berlin_Wall "Berlin Wall") in 1961 surrounded West Berlin.
West Berlin was called "Berlin (West)" by the West Germany government, and usually [German](/wiki/German_language "German language"): *Westberlin* by the East German government. The east German spelling suggested that West Berlin was not really part of "Berlin" as a whole, but a separate place. East Berlin was officially called *Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR* ("Berlin, Capital of the GDR"), or simply "Berlin," by East Germany.
## Origins
The [Potsdam Agreement](/wiki/Potsdam_Agreement "Potsdam Agreement") of the four wartime allies decided on dividing up Germany. At first it was only a temporary measure, until a permanent way to reunite a peaceful Germany and Berlin could be worked out.
When the [cold war](/wiki/Cold_war "Cold war") began, the joint administration of Germany and Berlin broke down. Soon Soviet-occupied Berlin and western-occupied Berlin were managed by separate governments.
In 1948, the Soviets tried to force the western allies out of Berlin by a [blockade](/wiki/Blockade "Blockade") of the western sectors. The Soviets blocked roads, railways and waterways, but the Potsdam Agreement guaranteed air corridors to Berlin. Because the western allies flew in all the supplies that normally came by land, the Berlin Blockade is also known as the [Berlin Airlift](/wiki/Berlin_Airlift "Berlin Airlift"). The Blockade ended in May 1949. By the end of 1949, two new states had been created out of occupied Germany - the **Federal Republic of Germany** ([West Germany](/wiki/West_Germany "West Germany")) in the West and the **German Democratic Republic** ([East Germany](/wiki/East_Germany "East Germany")) in the East - with West Berlin an [enclave](/wiki/Enclave "Enclave") that was not part of either.
## Legal status
According to the western allies, the occupation of most of Germany ended in 1949 when the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic were set up. But the occupation of Berlin could only be ended by a quadripartite (four power) agreement, so Berlin remained an occupied territory under the formal control of all the allies. This is why the *[Grundgesetz](/wiki/Grundgesetz "Grundgesetz")* (constitution of the Federal Republic) never applied in West Berlin.
The Soviets declared the occupation of East Berlin ended when East Germany was set up. This move was not recognised by the western allies who continued to view all of Berlin as a jointly occupied territory belonging to neither of the two states.
However, in many ways, West Berlin functioned as the *[de facto](/wiki/De_facto "De facto")* 11th [state](/wiki/States_of_Germany "States of Germany") of [West Germany](/wiki/West_Germany "West Germany").
* Maps published in the West showed West Berlin as a part of West Germany;
* Germans living in West Berlin were treated as West German citizens by West German authorities;[[1]](#cite_note-1)
* There was freedom of movement between West Berlin and West Germany;
* There were no separate [immigration](/wiki/Immigration "Immigration") regulations for West Berlin: all immigration rules for West Germany were followed in West Berlin.
* West German entry [visas](/wiki/Visa "Visa") issued to visitors were stamped with "valid for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany and Berlin (West)", authorizing entry to West Berlin as well as West Germany itself. But the allies could ignore this. They technically controlled who could come into West Berlin.
In 1969 U.S. military vehicles roar through rush hour traffic in the residential district of Zehlendorf, a routine reminder that West Berlin was still legally occupied by the World War II allies.
But the western allies remained the ultimate political authorities there. The allies could appoint the Mayor and city government at Rathaus Schöneberg, but they never chose anyone except the elected mayor.
There were differences between West Germany and West Berlin.
* West Berliners could not vote in federal elections; instead the West Berlin House of Representatives chose 20 non-voting delegates to the *[Bundestag](/wiki/Bundestag "Bundestag")*. The West Berlin Senate sent non-voting delegates to the *[Bundesrat](/wiki/Bundesrat_(Germany) "Bundesrat (Germany)")*.
* West Berliners could stand for election, including Social Democrat [Chancellor](/wiki/Chancellor "Chancellor") [Willy Brandt](/wiki/Willy_Brandt "Willy Brandt"), who had been [Governing Mayor](/wiki/Governing_Mayor "Governing Mayor") of West Berlin;
* West Berliners were exempt from the Federal Republic's compulsory military service; this meant young people moved to the city to avoid army service.
* West Berliners had "provisional ID cards", which did not have the West German [coat of arms](/wiki/Coat_of_arms "Coat of arms")
* [Lufthansa](/wiki/Lufthansa "Lufthansa") and other West German airlines' flights could not fly to Berlin because the air corridors between West Germany and West Berlin were for UK, French or US planes only.
* West Berlin had its own post office, separate from West Germany's, which issued its own [postage stamps](/wiki/Postage_stamps "Postage stamps") until 1990. The administration was run by the West German Post Office on behalf of the allies, and stamps were marked "Deutsche Bundespost Berlin"
## The years of division
Map showing location of the Berlin wall and crossing points
While West Berlin was separate from East Berlin after 1949, people could easily move between the two parts until 1961. In many ways Berlin worked as a single city. The U-Bahn and S-Bahn public transit networks, rebuilt after the war, spanned all occupation sectors. Many people lived in one half of the city and had family members, friends, and jobs in the other.
As the Cold War continued, many East Germans began leaving East Germany for the West. East Germany closed the borders between East and West Germany in 1952, but did not seal off West Berlin; because there was freedom of movement between West Berlin and West Germany, Easterners could use the city as a crossing point to the West. To stop this drain, the East German government built the [Berlin Wall](/wiki/Berlin_Wall "Berlin Wall"), thus physically closing off West Berlin from East Germany, on 13 August 1961. It was still possible to travel from West Berlin to West Germany by air and by specific rail and [autobahn](/wiki/Autobahn "Autobahn") transit routes set aside for that purpose, but inhabitants of the two Berlins were now physically and legally separated from each other.
The Four Power Agreement on Berlin (September 1971) and the Transit Agreement (May 1972), helped to ease the tensions over West Berlin and made it a little easier for West Berliners to travel to East Germany and for Germans travelling along the road routes into the city instead of flying.
On 9 November 1989 the wall was opened, and the two cities were once again physically - but not legally - united. [German reunification](/wiki/German_reunification "German reunification") soon ended the western occupation of West Berlin. On 3 October 1990 West Berlin and East Berlin were united as the city of Berlin, which then joined the Federal Republic as a *state,* along with the rest of East Germany. West Berlin and East Berlin thus both formally ceased to exist.
## Districts of West Berlin
West Berlin comprised the following [boroughs](/wiki/Boroughs_of_Berlin "Boroughs of Berlin"):
In the American Sector:
* [Neukölln](/wiki/Neuk%C3%B6lln "Neukölln")
* [Kreuzberg](/wiki/Kreuzberg "Kreuzberg")
* [Schöneberg](/wiki/Sch%C3%B6neberg "Schöneberg")
* Steglitz
* Tempelhof
* Zehlendorf
In the British Sector:
* [Charlottenburg](/wiki/Charlottenburg "Charlottenburg")
* Tiergarten
* [Wilmersdorf](/wiki/Wilmersdorf "Wilmersdorf")
* [Spandau](/wiki/Spandau "Spandau")
In the French Sector:
* [Reinickendorf](/wiki/Reinickendorf "Reinickendorf")
* Wedding
## Related pages
* [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin "Berlin")
* [Berlin Blockade](/wiki/Berlin_Blockade "Berlin Blockade")
* [Berlin Wall](/wiki/Berlin_Wall "Berlin Wall")
* [Bonn](/wiki/Bonn "Bonn")
* [Checkpoint Charlie](/wiki/Checkpoint_Charlie "Checkpoint Charlie")
* [East Berlin](/wiki/East_Berlin "East Berlin")
* [German Democratic Republic](/wiki/German_Democratic_Republic "German Democratic Republic")
* [Germany](/wiki/Germany "Germany")
* Ghost station
* [Spandau Prison](/wiki/Spandau_Prison "Spandau Prison")
* [West Germany](/wiki/West_Germany "West Germany")
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) No separate West German or Berlin citizenship existed; West German authorities considered the pre-war all-German citizenship continued.
## Other websites
* [Berlin 1969 - In the forgotten midpoint of the Cold War](http://home.att.net/~rw.rynerson/index2.htm)
* [Berlin Exclaves](http://berlin.enclaves.org/)
* [History of the Western Allies in Berlin](http://www.western-allies-berlin.com/)
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Preceded by[Amsterdam](/wiki/Amsterdam "Amsterdam") | **[European City of Culture](/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture "European Capital of Culture")**1988
| Succeeded by[Paris](/wiki/Paris "Paris") |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Allied_occupied_Germany "Template:Allied occupied Germany")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Allied_occupied_Germany&action=edit)
Subdivisions of [Allied Occupation Zones in Germany](/wiki/Allied_Occupation_Zones_in_Germany "Allied Occupation Zones in Germany") (1945-1949/1990) |
| --- |
| [American zone](/wiki/American_occupation_zone "American occupation zone") | [Bavaria](/wiki/Bavaria "Bavaria") **·** [Bremen](/wiki/Bremen_(state) "Bremen (state)") **·** [Hesse](/wiki/Hesse "Hesse") ([Greater Hesse](/wiki/Greater_Hesse "Greater Hesse")) **·** [Württemberg-Baden](/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg-Baden "Württemberg-Baden") | |
| [British zone](/wiki/British_occupation_zone "British occupation zone") | [Lower Saxony](/wiki/Lower_Saxony "Lower Saxony") **·** [Hamburg](/wiki/Hamburg "Hamburg") **·** [North Rhine-Westphalia](/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia "North Rhine-Westphalia") **·** [Schleswig-Holstein](/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein "Schleswig-Holstein") |
| French zone | [Baden](/wiki/Baden "Baden") **·** [Rhineland-Palatinate](/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate "Rhineland-Palatinate") **·** ([Saar](/wiki/Saar_(protectorate) "Saar (protectorate)")) **·** [Württemberg-Hohenzollern](/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg-Hohenzollern "Württemberg-Hohenzollern") |
| [Soviet zone](/wiki/Soviet_occupation_zone "Soviet occupation zone") | [Brandenburg](/wiki/Brandenburg "Brandenburg") **·** [Mecklenburg-Vorpommern](/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern "Mecklenburg-Vorpommern") **·** [Saxony](/wiki/Saxony "Saxony") **·** [Saxony-Anhalt](/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt "Saxony-Anhalt") **·** [Thuringia](/wiki/Thuringia "Thuringia") |
| [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin "Berlin") ([1949](/wiki/1949 "1949")–[90](/wiki/1990 "1990")) | West Berlin (UK, FR, USA) **·** [East Berlin](/wiki/East_Berlin "East Berlin") (USSR) | | | West BerlinWest-Berlin or Berlin (West) |
| --- |
| Allied-occupied sector of Berlin |
| 1949–1990 |
|
Flag |
| The four occupation zones of Berlin. West Berlin is in light blue, dark blue and purple |
| History | |
| |
| Historical era | Cold War |
| |
| • Established | 1949 |
| • Reunification | 3 October 1990 1990 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Preceded by | Succeeded by |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | Allied Occupation Zones in Germany |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Berlin | |
|
|
West Berlin, as of 1978.
West Berlin was the name of the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. It was the American, British, and French occupied sectors that were created in 1945.
In many ways it was integrated (joined) with West Germany, but it was not a part of West Germany or East Germany. The Soviet sector became East Berlin, which East Germany claimed as its capital. The Western Allies never recognized this claim. They said that the whole city was still under four-power occupation. The building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 surrounded West Berlin.
West Berlin was called "Berlin (West)" by the West Germany government, and usually German: Westberlin by the East German government. The east German spelling suggested that West Berlin was not really part of "Berlin" as a whole, but a separate place. East Berlin was officially called Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR ("Berlin, Capital of the GDR"), or simply "Berlin," by East Germany.
Origins
The Potsdam Agreement of the four wartime allies decided on dividing up Germany. At first it was only a temporary measure, until a permanent way to reunite a peaceful Germany and Berlin could be worked out.
When the cold war began, the joint administration of Germany and Berlin broke down. Soon Soviet-occupied Berlin and western-occupied Berlin were managed by separate governments.
In 1948, the Soviets tried to force the western allies out of Berlin by a blockade of the western sectors. The Soviets blocked roads, railways and waterways, but the Potsdam Agreement guaranteed air corridors to Berlin. Because the western allies flew in all the supplies that normally came by land, the Berlin Blockade is also known as the Berlin Airlift. The Blockade ended in May 1949. By the end of 1949, two new states had been created out of occupied Germany - the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) in the West and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in the East - with West Berlin an enclave that was not part of either.
Legal status
According to the western allies, the occupation of most of Germany ended in 1949 when the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic were set up. But the occupation of Berlin could only be ended by a quadripartite (four power) agreement, so Berlin remained an occupied territory under the formal control of all the allies. This is why the Grundgesetz (constitution of the Federal Republic) never applied in West Berlin.
The Soviets declared the occupation of East Berlin ended when East Germany was set up. This move was not recognised by the western allies who continued to view all of Berlin as a jointly occupied territory belonging to neither of the two states.
However, in many ways, West Berlin functioned as the de facto 11th state of West Germany.
Maps published in the West showed West Berlin as a part of West Germany;
Germans living in West Berlin were treated as West German citizens by West German authorities;[1]
There was freedom of movement between West Berlin and West Germany;
There were no separate immigration regulations for West Berlin: all immigration rules for West Germany were followed in West Berlin.
West German entry visas issued to visitors were stamped with "valid for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany and Berlin (West)", authorizing entry to West Berlin as well as West Germany itself. But the allies could ignore this. They technically controlled who could come into West Berlin.
In 1969 U.S. military vehicles roar through rush hour traffic in the residential district of Zehlendorf, a routine reminder that West Berlin was still legally occupied by the World War II allies.
But the western allies remained the ultimate political authorities there. The allies could appoint the Mayor and city government at Rathaus Schöneberg, but they never chose anyone except the elected mayor.
There were differences between West Germany and West Berlin.
West Berliners could not vote in federal elections; instead the West Berlin House of Representatives chose 20 non-voting delegates to the Bundestag. The West Berlin Senate sent non-voting delegates to the Bundesrat.
West Berliners could stand for election, including Social Democrat Chancellor Willy Brandt, who had been Governing Mayor of West Berlin;
West Berliners were exempt from the Federal Republic's compulsory military service; this meant young people moved to the city to avoid army service.
West Berliners had "provisional ID cards", which did not have the West German coat of arms
Lufthansa and other West German airlines' flights could not fly to Berlin because the air corridors between West Germany and West Berlin were for UK, French or US planes only.
West Berlin had its own post office, separate from West Germany's, which issued its own postage stamps until 1990. The administration was run by the West German Post Office on behalf of the allies, and stamps were marked "Deutsche Bundespost Berlin"
The years of division
Map showing location of the Berlin wall and crossing points
While West Berlin was separate from East Berlin after 1949, people could easily move between the two parts until 1961. In many ways Berlin worked as a single city. The U-Bahn and S-Bahn public transit networks, rebuilt after the war, spanned all occupation sectors. Many people lived in one half of the city and had family members, friends, and jobs in the other.
As the Cold War continued, many East Germans began leaving East Germany for the West. East Germany closed the borders between East and West Germany in 1952, but did not seal off West Berlin; because there was freedom of movement between West Berlin and West Germany, Easterners could use the city as a crossing point to the West. To stop this drain, the East German government built the Berlin Wall, thus physically closing off West Berlin from East Germany, on 13 August 1961. It was still possible to travel from West Berlin to West Germany by air and by specific rail and autobahn transit routes set aside for that purpose, but inhabitants of the two Berlins were now physically and legally separated from each other.
The Four Power Agreement on Berlin (September 1971) and the Transit Agreement (May 1972), helped to ease the tensions over West Berlin and made it a little easier for West Berliners to travel to East Germany and for Germans travelling along the road routes into the city instead of flying.
On 9 November 1989 the wall was opened, and the two cities were once again physically - but not legally - united. German reunification soon ended the western occupation of West Berlin. On 3 October 1990 West Berlin and East Berlin were united as the city of Berlin, which then joined the Federal Republic as a state, along with the rest of East Germany. West Berlin and East Berlin thus both formally ceased to exist.
Districts of West Berlin
West Berlin comprised the following boroughs:
In the American Sector:
Neukölln
Kreuzberg
Schöneberg
Steglitz
Tempelhof
Zehlendorf
In the British Sector:
Charlottenburg
Tiergarten
Wilmersdorf
Spandau
In the French Sector:
Reinickendorf
Wedding
Related pages
Berlin
Berlin Blockade
Berlin Wall
Bonn
Checkpoint Charlie
East Berlin
German Democratic Republic
Germany
Ghost station
Spandau Prison
West Germany
References
↑ No separate West German or Berlin citizenship existed; West German authorities considered the pre-war all-German citizenship continued.
Other websites
Berlin 1969 - In the forgotten midpoint of the Cold War
Berlin Exclaves
History of the Western Allies in Berlin
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Preceded byAmsterdam | European City of Culture1988
| Succeeded byParis |
| * v
* t
* e
Subdivisions of Allied Occupation Zones in Germany (1945-1949/1990) |
| --- |
| American zone | Bavaria · Bremen · Hesse (Greater Hesse) · Württemberg-Baden | |
| British zone | Lower Saxony · Hamburg · North Rhine-Westphalia · Schleswig-Holstein |
| French zone | Baden · Rhineland-Palatinate · (Saar) · Württemberg-Hohenzollern |
| Soviet zone | Brandenburg · Mecklenburg-Vorpommern · Saxony · Saxony-Anhalt · Thuringia |
| Berlin (1949–90) | West Berlin (UK, FR, USA) · East Berlin (USSR) | |
442,734 | Dušan_Pašek | Dušan Pašek | 9,148,035 | | Dušan Pašek |
| --- |
| Born | (1960-09-07)7 September 1960[Bratislava](/wiki/Bratislava "Bratislava"), [Czechoslovakia](/wiki/Czechoslovakia "Czechoslovakia") |
| Died |
15 March 1998(1998-03-15) (aged 37)[Bratislava](/wiki/Bratislava "Bratislava"), [Slovakia](/wiki/Slovakia "Slovakia") |
| Height |
6 ft 1 in (185 cm) |
| Weight |
200 lb (91 kg; 14 st 4 lb) |
| Position | [Centre](/wiki/Centre_(ice_hockey) "Centre (ice hockey)") |
| Played for | Slovan Bratislava ([CSEx](/wiki/Czechoslovak_First_Ice_Hockey_League "Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League"))[Minnesota North Stars](/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars "Minnesota North Stars") ([NHL](/wiki/National_Hockey_League "National Hockey League")) |
| [NHL Draft](/wiki/NHL_Entry_Draft "NHL Entry Draft") |
81st overall, 1982[Minnesota North Stars](/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars "Minnesota North Stars") |
| Playing career |
1977–1993 |
Dušan Pašek| Medal record
|
| --- |
| Men's ice hockey |
| [Olympic Games](/wiki/Olympic_Games "Olympic Games") |
| | [1984 Sarajevo](/wiki/1984_Winter_Olympics "1984 Winter Olympics") | Team |
**Dušan Pašek** (7 September 1960 – 15 March 1998) was a [Czechoslovakian](/wiki/Czechoslovakia "Czechoslovakia") professional [ice hockey](/wiki/Ice_hockey "Ice hockey") [centre](/wiki/Centre_(ice_hockey) "Centre (ice hockey)"). Pašek played one season in the [National Hockey League](/wiki/National_Hockey_League "National Hockey League") (NHL). He played with the [Minnesota North Stars](/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars "Minnesota North Stars"). Pašek was drafted with the 81st overall pick by the Minnesota North Stars in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft.
He also played for Czechoslovakia at the [1984 Winter Olympics](/wiki/1984_Winter_Olympics "1984 Winter Olympics") where they won a silver medal. When he retired, he became the president of the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation.
On 15 March 1998, Pašek committed [suicide](/wiki/Suicide "Suicide") by gunshot in his office at Slovan Bratislava in the wake of Slovakia's disappointing performance at the [1998 Winter Olympics](/wiki/1998_Winter_Olympics "1998 Winter Olympics") in [Nagano](/wiki/Nagano,_Nagano "Nagano, Nagano"), [Japan](/wiki/Japan "Japan"). He left six suicide notes for his wife, his three children, the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation and Slovan Bratislava officials. He said that he was sorry for killing himself and asked that others try to understand his decision.[[1]](#cite_note-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["1982 NHL Draft Pick - Dusan Pasek"](http://www.hockeydraftcentral.com/1982/82081.html). Hockey Draft Central. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
## Other websites
* [Dušan Pašek career statistics](http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid=4165) at [The Internet Hockey Database](http://www.hockeydb.com/)
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [sports person](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_stubs "Category:Sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Du%C5%A1an_Pa%C5%A1ek&action=edit)*. | | Dušan Pašek |
| --- |
| Born | (1960-09-07)7 September 1960Bratislava, Czechoslovakia |
| Died |
15 March 1998(1998-03-15) (aged 37)Bratislava, Slovakia |
| Height |
6 ft 1 in (185 cm) |
| Weight |
200 lb (91 kg; 14 st 4 lb) |
| Position | Centre |
| Played for | Slovan Bratislava (CSEx)Minnesota North Stars (NHL) |
| NHL Draft |
81st overall, 1982Minnesota North Stars |
| Playing career |
1977–1993 |
Dušan Pašek| Medal record
|
| --- |
| Men's ice hockey |
| Olympic Games |
| | 1984 Sarajevo | Team |
Dušan Pašek (7 September 1960 – 15 March 1998) was a Czechoslovakian professional ice hockey centre. Pašek played one season in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Minnesota North Stars. Pašek was drafted with the 81st overall pick by the Minnesota North Stars in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft.
He also played for Czechoslovakia at the 1984 Winter Olympics where they won a silver medal. When he retired, he became the president of the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation.
On 15 March 1998, Pašek committed suicide by gunshot in his office at Slovan Bratislava in the wake of Slovakia's disappointing performance at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. He left six suicide notes for his wife, his three children, the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation and Slovan Bratislava officials. He said that he was sorry for killing himself and asked that others try to understand his decision.[1]
References
↑ "1982 NHL Draft Pick - Dusan Pasek". Hockey Draft Central. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
Other websites
Dušan Pašek career statistics at The Internet Hockey Database
This short article about a sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
82,575 | Norman,_Oklahoma | Norman, Oklahoma | 9,163,387 | | Norman, Oklahoma |
| --- |
| [City](/wiki/City "City") |
|
Flag |
| Location of Norman, Oklahoma |
| Coordinates: [Coordinates](/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system "Geographic coordinate system"): [35°13′18″N 97°25′6″W / 35.22167°N 97.41833°W / 35.22167; -97.41833](//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Norman,_Oklahoma¶ms=35_13_18_N_97_25_6_W_type:city(102827)_region:US-OK) |
| [Country](/wiki/List_of_countries "List of countries") | [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States") |
| [State](/wiki/Political_divisions_of_the_United_States "Political divisions of the United States") | [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma "Oklahoma") |
| [County](/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Oklahoma "List of counties in Oklahoma") | [Cleveland](/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Oklahoma "Cleveland County, Oklahoma") |
| Government |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • Mayor | Cindy Rosenthal |
| • City Manager | Steven Lewis |
| Area |
| • Total | 189.5 sq mi (490.8 km2) |
| • Land | 177.0 sq mi (458.4 km2) |
| • Water | 12.5 sq mi (32.4 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,171 ft (357 m) |
| Population ([2006](/wiki/2006 "2006")) |
| • Total | 102,827 |
| • Density | 540.6/sq mi (208.7/km2) |
| [Time zone](/wiki/Time_zone "Time zone") | [UTC-6](/wiki/UTC-6 "UTC-6") ([Central (CST)](/wiki/North_American_Central_Time_Zone "North American Central Time Zone")) |
| • Summer ([DST](/wiki/Daylight_saving_time "Daylight saving time")) | [UTC-5](/wiki/UTC-5 "UTC-5") (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 73000-73099 |
| [Area code](/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan "Telephone numbering plan") | [405](/wiki/Area_code_405 "Area code 405") |
| [FIPS code](/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standard "Federal Information Processing Standard") | 40-52500[[1]](#cite_note-GR2-1) |
| [GNIS](/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System "Geographic Names Information System") feature ID | 1095903[[2]](#cite_note-GR3-2) |
**Norman**, is the county seat and largest city in [Cleveland County](/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Oklahoma "Cleveland County, Oklahoma") in the [U.S. state](/wiki/U.S._state "U.S. state") of [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma "Oklahoma"). It is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area. Norman is about 20 miles south of Oklahoma City. [James Garner](/wiki/James_Garner "James Garner") and [Toby Keith](/wiki/Toby_Keith "Toby Keith") are from Norman. The [University of Oklahoma](/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma "University of Oklahoma") is in Norman. Norman was founded in 1889 by Abner Norman. In 2008, *Money Magazine* said Norman was a very good place to live. Norman has one small airport and a railroad station.
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-GR2_1-0) ["American FactFinder"](http://factfinder.census.gov). [United States Census Bureau](/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau "United States Census Bureau"). Retrieved 2008-01-31.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-GR3_2-0) ["US Board on Geographic Names"](https://geonames.usgs.gov). [United States Geological Survey](/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey "United States Geological Survey"). 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Norman, Oklahoma](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Norman,_Oklahoma "commons:Category:Norman, Oklahoma")***.
* [Visit Norman](http://www.visitnorman.com/index.asp) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080202061803/http://www.visitnorman.com/index.asp) 2008-02-02 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
* [Official city website](http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/19970328205244/http://www.ci.norman.ok.us/) 1997-03-28 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
* [Jazz in June festival](http://www.jazzinjune.org/)
* [SummerBreeze Concert Series](http://thepas.org/blog/nfblog/?page_id=16) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20060517082902/http://thepas.org/blog/nfblog/?page_id=16) 2006-05-17 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Oklahoma "Template:Oklahoma")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Oklahoma "Template talk:Oklahoma")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Oklahoma&action=edit)
[State](/wiki/U.S._state "U.S. state") of [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma "Oklahoma") |
| --- |
| **[Oklahoma City](/wiki/Oklahoma_City "Oklahoma City")** (capital) |
| [Topics](/wiki/Category:Oklahoma "Category:Oklahoma") |
* History
* [Government](/wiki/Government_of_Oklahoma "Government of Oklahoma")
* [Governor](/wiki/Governor_of_Oklahoma "Governor of Oklahoma") ([List](/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Oklahoma "List of Governors of Oklahoma"))
* [Symbols](/wiki/List_of_Oklahoma_state_symbols "List of Oklahoma state symbols")
* [People](/wiki/List_of_people_from_Oklahoma "List of people from Oklahoma")
* Geography
* [Sports](/wiki/Oklahoma#Sports "Oklahoma")
| |
| Society |
* [Education](/wiki/Oklahoma#Education "Oklahoma")
* [Politics](/wiki/Politics_of_Oklahoma "Politics of Oklahoma")
|
| [Regions](/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States "List of regions of the United States") |
* [Arklatex](/wiki/Ark-La-Tex "Ark-La-Tex")
* [Central](/wiki/Central_Oklahoma "Central Oklahoma")
* [Cherokee Outlet](/wiki/Cherokee_Outlet "Cherokee Outlet")
* [Cross Timbers](/wiki/Cross_Timbers "Cross Timbers")
* [Four State Area](/wiki/Four_State_Area "Four State Area")
* [Flint Hills](/wiki/Flint_Hills "Flint Hills")
* [Green Country](/wiki/Green_Country "Green Country")
* [Kiamichi Country](/wiki/Kiamichi_Country "Kiamichi Country")
* Little Dixie
* [Northwestern](/wiki/Northwestern_Oklahoma "Northwestern Oklahoma")
* [Oklahoma City Metro](/wiki/Oklahoma_City_metropolitan_area "Oklahoma City metropolitan area")
* [Ouachita Mountains](/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains "Ouachita Mountains")
* [The Ozarks](/wiki/Ozarks "Ozarks")
* [Panhandle](/wiki/Oklahoma_Panhandle "Oklahoma Panhandle")
* [South Central](/wiki/South_Central_Oklahoma "South Central Oklahoma")
* [Southwestern](/wiki/Southwestern_Oklahoma "Southwestern Oklahoma")
* [Texoma](/wiki/Texoma "Texoma")
* [Tulsa Metro](/wiki/Tulsa_metropolitan_area "Tulsa metropolitan area")
* Western
|
| [Largest cities](/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Oklahoma "List of cities in Oklahoma") |
* [Ardmore](/wiki/Ardmore,_Oklahoma "Ardmore, Oklahoma")
* [Bartlesville](/wiki/Bartlesville,_Oklahoma "Bartlesville, Oklahoma")
* [Bixby](/wiki/Bixby,_Oklahoma "Bixby, Oklahoma")
* [Broken Arrow](/wiki/Broken_Arrow,_Oklahoma "Broken Arrow, Oklahoma")
* [Del City](/wiki/Del_City,_Oklahoma "Del City, Oklahoma")
* [Duncan](/wiki/Duncan,_Oklahoma "Duncan, Oklahoma")
* [Edmond](/wiki/Edmond,_Oklahoma "Edmond, Oklahoma")
* [Enid](/wiki/Enid,_Oklahoma "Enid, Oklahoma")
* [Lawton](/wiki/Lawton,_Oklahoma "Lawton, Oklahoma")
* [Midwest City](/wiki/Midwest_City,_Oklahoma "Midwest City, Oklahoma")
* [Muskogee](/wiki/Muskogee,_Oklahoma "Muskogee, Oklahoma")
* [Moore](/wiki/Moore,_Oklahoma "Moore, Oklahoma")
* Norman
* [Oklahoma City](/wiki/Oklahoma_City "Oklahoma City")
* [Owasso](/wiki/Owasso,_Oklahoma "Owasso, Oklahoma")
* [Ponca City](/wiki/Ponca_City,_Oklahoma "Ponca City, Oklahoma")
* [Shawnee](/wiki/Shawnee,_Oklahoma "Shawnee, Oklahoma")
* [Stillwater](/wiki/Stillwater,_Oklahoma "Stillwater, Oklahoma")
* [Tulsa](/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma "Tulsa, Oklahoma")
* [Yukon](/wiki/Yukon,_Oklahoma "Yukon, Oklahoma")
|
| [Counties](/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Oklahoma "List of counties in Oklahoma") |
* [Adair](/wiki/Adair_County,_Oklahoma "Adair County, Oklahoma")
* [Alfalfa](/wiki/Alfalfa_County,_Oklahoma "Alfalfa County, Oklahoma")
* [Atoka](/wiki/Atoka_County,_Oklahoma "Atoka County, Oklahoma")
* [Beaver](/wiki/Beaver_County,_Oklahoma "Beaver County, Oklahoma")
* [Beckham](/wiki/Beckham_County,_Oklahoma "Beckham County, Oklahoma")
* [Blaine](/wiki/Blaine_County,_Oklahoma "Blaine County, Oklahoma")
* [Bryan](/wiki/Bryan_County,_Oklahoma "Bryan County, Oklahoma")
* [Caddo](/wiki/Caddo_County,_Oklahoma "Caddo County, Oklahoma")
* [Canadian](/wiki/Canadian_County,_Oklahoma "Canadian County, Oklahoma")
* [Carter](/wiki/Carter_County,_Oklahoma "Carter County, Oklahoma")
* [Cherokee](/wiki/Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma "Cherokee County, Oklahoma")
* [Choctaw](/wiki/Choctaw_County,_Oklahoma "Choctaw County, Oklahoma")
* [Cimarron](/wiki/Cimarron_County,_Oklahoma "Cimarron County, Oklahoma")
* [Cleveland](/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Oklahoma "Cleveland County, Oklahoma")
* [Coal](/wiki/Coal_County,_Oklahoma "Coal County, Oklahoma")
* [Comanche](/wiki/Comanche_County,_Oklahoma "Comanche County, Oklahoma")
* [Cotton](/wiki/Cotton_County,_Oklahoma "Cotton County, Oklahoma")
* [Craig](/wiki/Craig_County,_Oklahoma "Craig County, Oklahoma")
* [Creek](/wiki/Creek_County,_Oklahoma "Creek County, Oklahoma")
* [Custer](/wiki/Custer_County,_Oklahoma "Custer County, Oklahoma")
* [Delaware](/wiki/Delaware_County,_Oklahoma "Delaware County, Oklahoma")
* [Dewey](/wiki/Dewey_County,_Oklahoma "Dewey County, Oklahoma")
* [Ellis](/wiki/Ellis_County,_Oklahoma "Ellis County, Oklahoma")
* [Garfield](/wiki/Garfield_County,_Oklahoma "Garfield County, Oklahoma")
* [Garvin](/wiki/Garvin_County,_Oklahoma "Garvin County, Oklahoma")
* [Grady](/wiki/Grady_County,_Oklahoma "Grady County, Oklahoma")
* [Grant](/wiki/Grant_County,_Oklahoma "Grant County, Oklahoma")
* [Greer](/wiki/Greer_County,_Oklahoma "Greer County, Oklahoma")
* [Harmon](/wiki/Harmon_County,_Oklahoma "Harmon County, Oklahoma")
* [Harper](/wiki/Harper_County,_Oklahoma "Harper County, Oklahoma")
* [Haskell](/wiki/Haskell_County,_Oklahoma "Haskell County, Oklahoma")
* [Hughes](/wiki/Hughes_County,_Oklahoma "Hughes County, Oklahoma")
* [Jackson](/wiki/Jackson_County,_Oklahoma "Jackson County, Oklahoma")
* [Jefferson](/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Oklahoma "Jefferson County, Oklahoma")
* [Johnston](/wiki/Johnston_County,_Oklahoma "Johnston County, Oklahoma")
* [Kay](/wiki/Kay_County,_Oklahoma "Kay County, Oklahoma")
* [Kingfisher](/wiki/Kingfisher_County,_Oklahoma "Kingfisher County, Oklahoma")
* [Kiowa](/wiki/Kiowa_County,_Oklahoma "Kiowa County, Oklahoma")
* [Latimer](/wiki/Latimer_County,_Oklahoma "Latimer County, Oklahoma")
* [Le Flore](/wiki/Le_Flore_County,_Oklahoma "Le Flore County, Oklahoma")
* [Lincoln](/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Oklahoma "Lincoln County, Oklahoma")
* [Logan](/wiki/Logan_County,_Oklahoma "Logan County, Oklahoma")
* [Love](/wiki/Love_County,_Oklahoma "Love County, Oklahoma")
* [Major](/wiki/Major_County,_Oklahoma "Major County, Oklahoma")
* [Marshall](/wiki/Marshall_County,_Oklahoma "Marshall County, Oklahoma")
* [Mayes](/wiki/Mayes_County,_Oklahoma "Mayes County, Oklahoma")
* [McClain](/wiki/McClain_County,_Oklahoma "McClain County, Oklahoma")
* [McCurtain](/wiki/McCurtain_County,_Oklahoma "McCurtain County, Oklahoma")
* [McIntosh](/wiki/McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma "McIntosh County, Oklahoma")
* [Murray](/wiki/Murray_County,_Oklahoma "Murray County, Oklahoma")
* [Muskogee](/wiki/Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma "Muskogee County, Oklahoma")
* [Noble](/wiki/Noble_County,_Oklahoma "Noble County, Oklahoma")
* [Nowata](/wiki/Nowata_County,_Oklahoma "Nowata County, Oklahoma")
* [Okfuskee](/wiki/Okfuskee_County,_Oklahoma "Okfuskee County, Oklahoma")
* [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma_County,_Oklahoma "Oklahoma County, Oklahoma")
* [Okmulgee](/wiki/Okmulgee_County,_Oklahoma "Okmulgee County, Oklahoma")
* [Osage](/wiki/Osage_County,_Oklahoma "Osage County, Oklahoma")
* [Ottawa](/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma "Ottawa County, Oklahoma")
* [Pawnee](/wiki/Pawnee_County,_Oklahoma "Pawnee County, Oklahoma")
* [Payne](/wiki/Payne_County,_Oklahoma "Payne County, Oklahoma")
* [Pittsburg](/wiki/Pittsburg_County,_Oklahoma "Pittsburg County, Oklahoma")
* [Pontotoc](/wiki/Pontotoc_County,_Oklahoma "Pontotoc County, Oklahoma")
* [Pottawatomie](/wiki/Pottawatomie_County,_Oklahoma "Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma")
* [Pushmataha](/wiki/Pushmataha_County,_Oklahoma "Pushmataha County, Oklahoma")
* [Roger Mills](/wiki/Roger_Mills_County,_Oklahoma "Roger Mills County, Oklahoma")
* [Rogers](/wiki/Rogers_County,_Oklahoma "Rogers County, Oklahoma")
* [Seminole](/wiki/Seminole_County,_Oklahoma "Seminole County, Oklahoma")
* [Sequoyah](/wiki/Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma "Sequoyah County, Oklahoma")
* [Stephens](/wiki/Stephens_County,_Oklahoma "Stephens County, Oklahoma")
* [Texas](/wiki/Texas_County,_Oklahoma "Texas County, Oklahoma")
* [Tillman](/wiki/Tillman_County,_Oklahoma "Tillman County, Oklahoma")
* [Tulsa](/wiki/Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma "Tulsa County, Oklahoma")
* [Wagoner](/wiki/Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma "Wagoner County, Oklahoma")
* [Washington](/wiki/Washington_County,_Oklahoma "Washington County, Oklahoma")
* [Washita](/wiki/Washita_County,_Oklahoma "Washita County, Oklahoma")
* [Woods](/wiki/Woods_County,_Oklahoma "Woods County, Oklahoma")
* [Woodward](/wiki/Woodward_County,_Oklahoma "Woodward County, Oklahoma")
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in the United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_geography_stubs "Category:United States geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norman,_Oklahoma&action=edit)*.
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/126668620)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n80090009/)
|
| National |
* [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124910696)
* [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124910696)
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/4281402-9)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552790305171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80090009)
* [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge970267&CON_LNG=ENG)
|
| Geographic |
* [MusicBrainz area](https://musicbrainz.org/area/cc9e5d1a-28bf-4ae2-8e36-190508072926)
|
| Other |
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/255392788)
| | | Norman, Oklahoma |
| --- |
| City |
|
Flag |
| Location of Norman, Oklahoma |
| Coordinates: Coordinates: 35°13′18″N 97°25′6″W / 35.22167°N 97.41833°W / 35.22167; -97.41833 |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oklahoma |
| County | Cleveland |
| Government |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • Mayor | Cindy Rosenthal |
| • City Manager | Steven Lewis |
| Area |
| • Total | 189.5 sq mi (490.8 km2) |
| • Land | 177.0 sq mi (458.4 km2) |
| • Water | 12.5 sq mi (32.4 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,171 ft (357 m) |
| Population (2006) |
| • Total | 102,827 |
| • Density | 540.6/sq mi (208.7/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 73000-73099 |
| Area code | 405 |
| FIPS code | 40-52500[1] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1095903[2] |
Norman, is the county seat and largest city in Cleveland County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area. Norman is about 20 miles south of Oklahoma City. James Garner and Toby Keith are from Norman. The University of Oklahoma is in Norman. Norman was founded in 1889 by Abner Norman. In 2008, Money Magazine said Norman was a very good place to live. Norman has one small airport and a railroad station.
References
↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Norman, Oklahoma.
Visit Norman Archived 2008-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
Official city website Archived 1997-03-28 at the Wayback Machine
Jazz in June festival
SummerBreeze Concert Series Archived 2006-05-17 at the Wayback Machine
| * v
* t
* e
State of Oklahoma |
| --- |
| Oklahoma City (capital) |
| Topics |
* History
* Government
* Governor (List)
* Symbols
* People
* Geography
* Sports
| |
| Society |
* Education
* Politics
|
| Regions |
* Arklatex
* Central
* Cherokee Outlet
* Cross Timbers
* Four State Area
* Flint Hills
* Green Country
* Kiamichi Country
* Little Dixie
* Northwestern
* Oklahoma City Metro
* Ouachita Mountains
* The Ozarks
* Panhandle
* South Central
* Southwestern
* Texoma
* Tulsa Metro
* Western
|
| Largest cities |
* Ardmore
* Bartlesville
* Bixby
* Broken Arrow
* Del City
* Duncan
* Edmond
* Enid
* Lawton
* Midwest City
* Muskogee
* Moore
* Norman
* Oklahoma City
* Owasso
* Ponca City
* Shawnee
* Stillwater
* Tulsa
* Yukon
|
| Counties |
* Adair
* Alfalfa
* Atoka
* Beaver
* Beckham
* Blaine
* Bryan
* Caddo
* Canadian
* Carter
* Cherokee
* Choctaw
* Cimarron
* Cleveland
* Coal
* Comanche
* Cotton
* Craig
* Creek
* Custer
* Delaware
* Dewey
* Ellis
* Garfield
* Garvin
* Grady
* Grant
* Greer
* Harmon
* Harper
* Haskell
* Hughes
* Jackson
* Jefferson
* Johnston
* Kay
* Kingfisher
* Kiowa
* Latimer
* Le Flore
* Lincoln
* Logan
* Love
* Major
* Marshall
* Mayes
* McClain
* McCurtain
* McIntosh
* Murray
* Muskogee
* Noble
* Nowata
* Okfuskee
* Oklahoma
* Okmulgee
* Osage
* Ottawa
* Pawnee
* Payne
* Pittsburg
* Pontotoc
* Pottawatomie
* Pushmataha
* Roger Mills
* Rogers
* Seminole
* Sequoyah
* Stephens
* Texas
* Tillman
* Tulsa
* Wagoner
* Washington
* Washita
* Woods
* Woodward
|
This short article about a place or feature in the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities
|
| National |
* France
* BnF data
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Czech Republic
|
| Geographic |
* MusicBrainz area
|
| Other |
* IdRef
| |
511,034 | Mø_(singer) | Mø (singer) | 5,186,944 | Redirect to:
* [MØ](/wiki/M%C3%98 "MØ") | Redirect to:
MØ
|
49,471 | Pushkin | Pushkin | 312,241 | Redirect to:
* [Alexander Pushkin](/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin "Alexander Pushkin") | Redirect to:
Alexander Pushkin
|
806,342 | Vyacheslav_Kebich | Vyacheslav Kebich | 9,055,830 | | Vyacheslav Kebich |
| --- |
| |
| |
| 1st [Prime Minister of Belarus](/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Belarus "List of Prime Ministers of Belarus") |
| **In office**19 September 1991 – 21 July 1994 |
| Leader | [Stanislav Shushkevich](/wiki/Stanislav_Shushkevich "Stanislav Shushkevich") |
| Preceded by | *Position established* |
| Succeeded by | Mikhail Chyhir |
| |
| Personal details |
| Born | (1936-06-10)10 June 1936Koniuszewszczyzna, [Poland](/wiki/Second_Polish_Republic "Second Polish Republic") |
| Died | 9 December 2020 (aged 84)[Minsk](/wiki/Minsk "Minsk"), [Belarus](/wiki/Belarus "Belarus") |
| Profession | [Engineer](/wiki/Engineer "Engineer") |
**Vyacheslav Frantsevich Kebich** ([Belarusian](/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language"): Вячаслаў Францавіч Кебіч [vʲatʂaˈslaw kˈʲɛbʲitʂ], [Russian](/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language"): Вячесла́в Фра́нцевич Ке́бич; 10 June 1936[[1]](#cite_note-cook-1) – 9 December 2020) was a Belarusian politician. He was the 1st [Prime Minister of Belarus](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belarus "Prime Minister of Belarus") from 1991 to 1994.
Kebich died on 9 December 2020 at a hospital in [Minsk](/wiki/Minsk "Minsk"), [Belarus](/wiki/Belarus "Belarus") from [COVID-19](/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19"), aged 84.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-cook_1-0) Bernard A. Cook (2001). [*Europe since 1945: An Encyclopedia - Vol. 2*](https://web.archive.org/web/20190207130615/https://www.questia.com/read/108806540/europe-since-1945-an-encyclopedia). New York: Garland. p. 718. Archived from [the original](https://www.questia.com/read/108806540/europe-since-1945-an-encyclopedia) on 7 February 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) [Умер Вячеслав Кебич. У него был коронавирус](https://www.belrynok.by/2020/12/09/ot-koronavirusa-umer-vyacheslav-kebich/) (in Russian)
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [person](/wiki/Category:People_stubs "Category:People stubs") or group of people can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vyacheslav_Kebich&action=edit)*. | | Vyacheslav Kebich |
| --- |
| |
| |
| 1st Prime Minister of Belarus |
| In office19 September 1991 – 21 July 1994 |
| Leader | Stanislav Shushkevich |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Mikhail Chyhir |
| |
| Personal details |
| Born | (1936-06-10)10 June 1936Koniuszewszczyzna, Poland |
| Died | 9 December 2020 (aged 84)Minsk, Belarus |
| Profession | Engineer |
Vyacheslav Frantsevich Kebich (Belarusian: Вячаслаў Францавіч Кебіч [vʲatʂaˈslaw kˈʲɛbʲitʂ], Russian: Вячесла́в Фра́нцевич Ке́бич; 10 June 1936[1] – 9 December 2020) was a Belarusian politician. He was the 1st Prime Minister of Belarus from 1991 to 1994.
Kebich died on 9 December 2020 at a hospital in Minsk, Belarus from COVID-19, aged 84.[2]
References
↑ Bernard A. Cook (2001). Europe since 1945: An Encyclopedia - Vol. 2. New York: Garland. p. 718. Archived from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
↑ Умер Вячеслав Кебич. У него был коронавирус (in Russian)
This short article about a person or group of people can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
1,021,260 | Electoral_district_of_Cessnock | Electoral district of Cessnock | 8,915,115 | | Cessnock[New South Wales](/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales")—[Legislative Assembly](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Assembly "New South Wales Legislative Assembly") |
| --- |
| Interactive map of district boundaries from the [2023 state election](/wiki/2023_New_South_Wales_state_election "2023 New South Wales state election") |
| [State](/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia "States and territories of Australia") | [New South Wales](/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales") |
| Dates current | 1913–19201927–present |
| [MP](/wiki/Member_of_parliament "Member of parliament") | Clayton Barr |
| [Party](/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Australia "List of political parties in Australia") | [Labor Party](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") |
| Namesake | [Cessnock, New South Wales](/wiki/Cessnock,_New_South_Wales "Cessnock, New South Wales") |
| [Electors](/wiki/Voting "Voting") | 58,268 (2019) |
| Area | 4,389.03 km2 (1,694.6 sq mi) |
| Demographic | Provincial |
|
| |
| --- |
| **Electorates around Cessnock:** |
| [Upper Hunter](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Upper_Hunter "Electoral district of Upper Hunter") | [Upper Hunter](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Upper_Hunter "Electoral district of Upper Hunter") | [Maitland](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Maitland "Electoral district of Maitland") |
| [Hawkesbury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hawkesbury "Electoral district of Hawkesbury") | Cessnock | [Wallsend](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wallsend "Electoral district of Wallsend")[Lake Macquarie](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lake_Macquarie "Electoral district of Lake Macquarie") |
| [Hawkesbury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hawkesbury "Electoral district of Hawkesbury") | [Gosford](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Gosford "Electoral district of Gosford") | [Wyong](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wyong "Electoral district of Wyong") |
| |
|
**Cessnock** is an [electoral district](/wiki/Electoral_district "Electoral district") of [New South Wales](/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales"). It was created in 1913, abolished in 1920 and recreated in 1927.
## Election results
| [2023 New South Wales state election](/wiki/2023_New_South_Wales_state_election "2023 New South Wales state election"): Cessnock[[1]](#cite_note-1)[[2]](#cite_note-2) |
| --- |
| Party
| Candidate
| Votes
| %
| ±%
|
| | [Labor](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") | Clayton Barr | 25,719
| 48.7
| −6.1
|
| | [One Nation](/wiki/Pauline_Hanson%27s_One_Nation "Pauline Hanson's One Nation") | Quintin King
| 8,059
| 15.3
| +15.3
|
| | Legalise Cannabis | Andrew Fenwick
| 6,294
| 11.9
| +11.9
|
| | [National](/wiki/National_Party_of_Australia_%E2%80%93_NSW "National Party of Australia – NSW") | Ash Barnham (disendorsed) | 5,877
| 11.1
| −12.8
|
| | [Greens](/wiki/Greens_New_South_Wales "Greens New South Wales") | Llynda Nairn
| 3,476
| 6.6
| −1.5
|
| | Animal Justice | Victoria Davies
| 2,141
| 4.1
| −3.9
|
| | Sustainable Australia | Graham Jones
| 1,215
| 2.3
| −2.9
|
| **Total formal votes** | 52,781
| 95.9
| +1.0
|
| **Informal votes** | 2,231
| 4.1
| −1.0
|
| **[Turnout](/wiki/Voter_turnout "Voter turnout")** | 55,012
| 88.6
| +0.5
|
| Notional [two-party-preferred](/wiki/Two-party-preferred_vote "Two-party-preferred vote") count
|
| | [Labor](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") | Clayton Barr | 30,154
| 76.8
| +7.1
|
| | [National](/wiki/National_Party_of_Australia_%E2%80%93_NSW "National Party of Australia – NSW") | Ash Barnham (disendorsed) | 9,103
| 23.2
| −7.1
|
| Two-candidate-preferred result
|
| | [Labor](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") | Clayton Barr | 29,964
| 73.4
| +3.7
|
| | [One Nation](/wiki/Pauline_Hanson%27s_One_Nation "Pauline Hanson's One Nation") | Quintin King
| 10,865
| 26.6
| +26.6
|
| | [Labor](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") **hold** | **[Swing](/wiki/Swing_(politics) "Swing (politics)")** | +3.7
| |
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) [LA First Preference: Cessnock](https://vtr.elections.nsw.gov.au/SG2301/LA/cessnock/cc/fp_summary), *NSW State Election Results 2023*, NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) [LA Two Candidate Preferred: Cessnock](https://vtr.elections.nsw.gov.au/SG2301/LA/cessnock/dop/dop), *NSW State Election Results 2023*, NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Electoral_districts_of_New_South_Wales "Template:Electoral districts of New South Wales")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Electoral_districts_of_New_South_Wales&action=edit)
[Electoral districts](/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_New_South_Wales "Electoral districts of New South Wales") of the [New South Wales Legislative Assembly](/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Assembly "New South Wales Legislative Assembly") |
| --- |
| [Labor](/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(New_South_Wales_Branch) "Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)") (45) |
* [Auburn](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Auburn "Electoral district of Auburn")
* [Bankstown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bankstown "Electoral district of Bankstown")
* [Bega](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bega "Electoral district of Bega")
* [Blacktown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Blacktown "Electoral district of Blacktown")
* [Blue Mountains](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Blue_Mountains "Electoral district of Blue Mountains")
* [Cabramatta](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cabramatta "Electoral district of Cabramatta")
* [Camden](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Camden "Electoral district of Camden")
* [Campbelltown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Campbelltown "Electoral district of Campbelltown")
* [Canterbury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Canterbury "Electoral district of Canterbury")
* Cessnock
* [Charlestown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Charlestown "Electoral district of Charlestown")
* [Coogee](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Coogee "Electoral district of Coogee")
* [East Hills](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_East_Hills "Electoral district of East Hills")
* [Fairfield](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Fairfield "Electoral district of Fairfield")
* [Gosford](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Gosford "Electoral district of Gosford")
* [Granville](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Granville "Electoral district of Granville")
* [Heathcote](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Heathcote "Electoral district of Heathcote")
* [Heffron](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Heffron "Electoral district of Heffron")
* [Keira](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Keira "Electoral district of Keira")
* [Kogarah](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kogarah "Electoral district of Kogarah")
* [Leppington](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Leppington "Electoral district of Leppington")
* [Lismore](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lismore "Electoral district of Lismore")
* [Liverpool](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Liverpool "Electoral district of Liverpool")
* [Londonderry](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Londonderry "Electoral district of Londonderry")
* [Macquarie Fields](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Macquarie_Fields "Electoral district of Macquarie Fields")
* [Maitland](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Maitland "Electoral district of Maitland")
* [Maroubra](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Maroubra "Electoral district of Maroubra")
* [Monaro](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Monaro "Electoral district of Monaro")
* [Mount Druitt](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mount_Druitt "Electoral district of Mount Druitt")
* [Newcastle](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Newcastle "Electoral district of Newcastle")
* [Parramatta](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Parramatta "Electoral district of Parramatta")
* [Penrith](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Penrith "Electoral district of Penrith")
* [Port Stephens](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Port_Stephens "Electoral district of Port Stephens")
* [Prospect](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Prospect "Electoral district of Prospect")
* [Riverstone](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Riverstone "Electoral district of Riverstone")
* [Rockdale](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Rockdale "Electoral district of Rockdale")
* [Shellharbour](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Shellharbour "Electoral district of Shellharbour")
* [South Coast](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_South_Coast "Electoral district of South Coast")
* [Strathfield](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Strathfield "Electoral district of Strathfield")
* [Summer Hill](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Summer_Hill "Electoral district of Summer Hill")
* [Swansea](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Swansea "Electoral district of Swansea")
* [The Entrance](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_The_Entrance "Electoral district of The Entrance")
* [Wallsend](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wallsend "Electoral district of Wallsend")
* [Wollongong](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wollongong "Electoral district of Wollongong")
* [Wyong](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wyong "Electoral district of Wyong")
|
| [Coalition](/wiki/Coalition_(Australia) "Coalition (Australia)") (36) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Liberal](/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia_(New_South_Wales_Division) "Liberal Party of Australia (New South Wales Division)") (25) |
* [Albury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Albury "Electoral district of Albury")
* [Badgerys Creek](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Badgerys_Creek "Electoral district of Badgerys Creek")
* [Castle Hill](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Castle_Hill "Electoral district of Castle Hill")
* [Cronulla](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cronulla "Electoral district of Cronulla")
* [Davidson](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Davidson "Electoral district of Davidson")
* [Drummoyne](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Drummoyne "Electoral district of Drummoyne")
* [Epping](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Epping "Electoral district of Epping")
* [Goulburn](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Goulburn "Electoral district of Goulburn")
* [Hawkesbury](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hawkesbury "Electoral district of Hawkesbury")
* [Holsworthy](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Holsworthy "Electoral district of Holsworthy")
* [Hornsby](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Hornsby "Electoral district of Hornsby")
* [Kellyville](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kellyville "Electoral district of Kellyville")
* [Lane Cove](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lane_Cove "Electoral district of Lane Cove")
* [Manly](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Manly "Electoral district of Manly")
* [Miranda](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Miranda "Electoral district of Miranda")
* [North Shore](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_North_Shore "Electoral district of North Shore")
* [Oatley](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Oatley "Electoral district of Oatley")
* [Pittwater](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Pittwater "Electoral district of Pittwater")
* [Port Macquarie](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Port_Macquarie "Electoral district of Port Macquarie")
* [Ryde](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ryde "Electoral district of Ryde")
* [Terrigal](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Terrigal "Electoral district of Terrigal")
* [Vaucluse](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Vaucluse "Electoral district of Vaucluse")
* [Wahroonga](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wahroonga "Electoral district of Wahroonga")
* [Willoughby](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Willoughby "Electoral district of Willoughby")
* [Winston Hills](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Winston_Hills "Electoral district of Winston Hills")
|
| [National](/wiki/National_Party_of_Australia_%E2%80%93_NSW "National Party of Australia – NSW") (11) |
* [Bathurst](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bathurst "Electoral district of Bathurst")
* [Clarence](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Clarence "Electoral district of Clarence")
* [Coffs Harbour](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Coffs_Harbour "Electoral district of Coffs Harbour")
* [Cootamundra](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cootamundra "Electoral district of Cootamundra")
* [Dubbo](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Dubbo "Electoral district of Dubbo")
* [Myall Lakes](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Myall_Lakes "Electoral district of Myall Lakes")
* [Northern Tablelands](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Northern_Tablelands "Electoral district of Northern Tablelands")
* [Oxley](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Oxley "Electoral district of Oxley")
* [Tamworth](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Tamworth "Electoral district of Tamworth")
* [Tweed](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Tweed "Electoral district of Tweed")
* [Upper Hunter](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Upper_Hunter "Electoral district of Upper Hunter")
|
|
| [Greens](/wiki/The_Greens_NSW "The Greens NSW") (3) |
* [Ballina](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Ballina "Electoral district of Ballina")
* [Balmain](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Balmain "Electoral district of Balmain")
* [Newtown](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Newtown "Electoral district of Newtown")
|
| [Independent](/wiki/Independent_politician "Independent politician") (9) |
* [Barwon](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Barwon "Electoral district of Barwon")
* [Kiama](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kiama "Electoral district of Kiama")
* [Lake Macquarie](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Lake_Macquarie "Electoral district of Lake Macquarie")
* [Murray](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Murray "Electoral district of Murray")
* [Orange](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Orange "Electoral district of Orange")
* [Sydney](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Sydney "Electoral district of Sydney")
* [Wagga Wagga](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wagga_Wagga "Electoral district of Wagga Wagga")
* [Wakehurst](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wakehurst "Electoral district of Wakehurst")
* [Wollondilly](/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Wollondilly "Electoral district of Wollondilly")
| | | CessnockNew South Wales—Legislative Assembly |
| --- |
| Interactive map of district boundaries from the 2023 state election |
| State | New South Wales |
| Dates current | 1913–19201927–present |
| MP | Clayton Barr |
| Party | Labor Party |
| Namesake | Cessnock, New South Wales |
| Electors | 58,268 (2019) |
| Area | 4,389.03 km2 (1,694.6 sq mi) |
| Demographic | Provincial |
|
| |
| --- |
| Electorates around Cessnock: |
| Upper Hunter | Upper Hunter | Maitland |
| Hawkesbury | Cessnock | WallsendLake Macquarie |
| Hawkesbury | Gosford | Wyong |
| |
|
Cessnock is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1913, abolished in 1920 and recreated in 1927.
Election results
| 2023 New South Wales state election: Cessnock[1][2] |
| --- |
| Party
| Candidate
| Votes
| %
| ±%
|
| | Labor | Clayton Barr | 25,719
| 48.7
| −6.1
|
| | One Nation | Quintin King
| 8,059
| 15.3
| +15.3
|
| | Legalise Cannabis | Andrew Fenwick
| 6,294
| 11.9
| +11.9
|
| | National | Ash Barnham (disendorsed) | 5,877
| 11.1
| −12.8
|
| | Greens | Llynda Nairn
| 3,476
| 6.6
| −1.5
|
| | Animal Justice | Victoria Davies
| 2,141
| 4.1
| −3.9
|
| | Sustainable Australia | Graham Jones
| 1,215
| 2.3
| −2.9
|
| Total formal votes | 52,781
| 95.9
| +1.0
|
| Informal votes | 2,231
| 4.1
| −1.0
|
| Turnout | 55,012
| 88.6
| +0.5
|
| Notional two-party-preferred count
|
| | Labor | Clayton Barr | 30,154
| 76.8
| +7.1
|
| | National | Ash Barnham (disendorsed) | 9,103
| 23.2
| −7.1
|
| Two-candidate-preferred result
|
| | Labor | Clayton Barr | 29,964
| 73.4
| +3.7
|
| | One Nation | Quintin King
| 10,865
| 26.6
| +26.6
|
| | Labor hold | Swing | +3.7
| |
References
↑ LA First Preference: Cessnock, NSW State Election Results 2023, NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
↑ LA Two Candidate Preferred: Cessnock, NSW State Election Results 2023, NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
| * v
* t
* e
Electoral districts of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly |
| --- |
| Labor (45) |
* Auburn
* Bankstown
* Bega
* Blacktown
* Blue Mountains
* Cabramatta
* Camden
* Campbelltown
* Canterbury
* Cessnock
* Charlestown
* Coogee
* East Hills
* Fairfield
* Gosford
* Granville
* Heathcote
* Heffron
* Keira
* Kogarah
* Leppington
* Lismore
* Liverpool
* Londonderry
* Macquarie Fields
* Maitland
* Maroubra
* Monaro
* Mount Druitt
* Newcastle
* Parramatta
* Penrith
* Port Stephens
* Prospect
* Riverstone
* Rockdale
* Shellharbour
* South Coast
* Strathfield
* Summer Hill
* Swansea
* The Entrance
* Wallsend
* Wollongong
* Wyong
|
| Coalition (36) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Liberal (25) |
* Albury
* Badgerys Creek
* Castle Hill
* Cronulla
* Davidson
* Drummoyne
* Epping
* Goulburn
* Hawkesbury
* Holsworthy
* Hornsby
* Kellyville
* Lane Cove
* Manly
* Miranda
* North Shore
* Oatley
* Pittwater
* Port Macquarie
* Ryde
* Terrigal
* Vaucluse
* Wahroonga
* Willoughby
* Winston Hills
|
| National (11) |
* Bathurst
* Clarence
* Coffs Harbour
* Cootamundra
* Dubbo
* Myall Lakes
* Northern Tablelands
* Oxley
* Tamworth
* Tweed
* Upper Hunter
|
|
| Greens (3) |
* Ballina
* Balmain
* Newtown
|
| Independent (9) |
* Barwon
* Kiama
* Lake Macquarie
* Murray
* Orange
* Sydney
* Wagga Wagga
* Wakehurst
* Wollondilly
| |
469,464 | Longwave | Longwave | 6,738,202 | [Diagram](/wiki/Diagram "Diagram") showing [amplitude](/wiki/Amplitude "Amplitude") (a) and wavelength (b).
In [radio](/wiki/Radio "Radio"), **longwave** (or long wave) refers to parts of the radio [spectrum](https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/spectrum "wikt:spectrum") that has longer [wavelengths](/wiki/Wavelength "Wavelength"). These are typically [kilometer](/wiki/Kilometer "Kilometer")-sized or greater.[[1]](#cite_note-MacMillan-1) The term is a [historic](/wiki/History "History") one dating from the early [20th century](/wiki/20th_century "20th century"). This was when the radio spectrum was considered to consist of long, medium and short wavelengths. Most modern radio systems and devices use wavelengths which would then have been called 'ultra-short'. For radio broadcasting is it the radio band between 30 kHz-299 [kHz](/wiki/Hertz "Hertz").
Longwaves have the advantage that [diffraction](/wiki/Diffraction "Diffraction") helps them travel far.
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-MacMillan_1-0) ["long wave"](http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/long-wave). *MacMillan Online Dictionary*. MacMillan Publishers. 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [technology](/wiki/Category:Technology_stubs "Category:Technology stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Longwave&action=edit)*. | Diagram showing amplitude (a) and wavelength (b).
In radio, longwave (or long wave) refers to parts of the radio spectrum that has longer wavelengths. These are typically kilometer-sized or greater.[1] The term is a historic one dating from the early 20th century. This was when the radio spectrum was considered to consist of long, medium and short wavelengths. Most modern radio systems and devices use wavelengths which would then have been called 'ultra-short'. For radio broadcasting is it the radio band between 30 kHz-299 kHz.
Longwaves have the advantage that diffraction helps them travel far.
References
↑ "long wave". MacMillan Online Dictionary. MacMillan Publishers. 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
This short article about technology can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
34,141 | Castrato | Castrato | 8,734,552 | Alessandro Moreschi (1858-1922) He was the only one to make [solo](/wiki/Solo_(music) "Solo (music)") recordings. This photograph was taken about 1880.
[A castrato singing](/wiki/File:Alessandro_Moreschi.ogg "File:Alessandro Moreschi.ogg")
[Alessandro Moreschi](/wiki/Alessandro_Moreschi "Alessandro Moreschi") performs part of Eugenio Terziani's *Hostias et preces*
---
*Problems playing this file? See [media help](/wiki/Help:Media "Help:Media").*
A **castrato** (plural *castrati*) was a type of [male](/wiki/Male "Male") [singer](/wiki/Singer "Singer") with a very high voice. The effect was produced either through [castration](/wiki/Castration "Castration"), or because of some [hormonal](/wiki/Hormone "Hormone") problems. The word *castrato* literally means castrated. Such singers were very sought after in the early days of the [opera](/wiki/Opera "Opera"). Most of the main [soprano](/wiki/Soprano "Soprano") roles in [operas](/wiki/Opera "Opera") by [Handel](/wiki/Handel "Handel") and other [composers](/wiki/Composer "Composer") of that time were written for castrati. Nowadays they are almost always sung by female sopranos, since there are no castrati left.
The practice of castrating young boys who had good singing voices was quite common in [Italy](/wiki/Italy "Italy") in the [17th century](/wiki/17th_century "17th century"). When castration is done before [puberty](/wiki/Puberty "Puberty"), the usual effects of puberty will not happen. These include the [vocal cords](/wiki/Vocal_folds "Vocal folds") enlarging and growing bigger, and the voice getting deeper as a consequence.
Even though castration was illegal in many parts of Italy, it was often performed. Many families who were poor had their children castrated because it might give them a better future.
Once a boy was castrated he would go to a special music school where children learned singing and musical instruments. The castrati pupils were given special treatment. They were fussed over and kept warm to stop them from getting colds. When they grew up they hoped to become famous opera singers. A few of them had very successful careers in opera. They were the great stars of their day, and audiences came to the opera to cheer on their favourite singers. Those who were not good enough to make a career in opera joined church [choirs](/wiki/Choir "Choir") instead.
It is impossible now for us to know what these great castrato voices sounded like, but they must have had very powerful voices and many of the singers were very skilled in singing and adding [musical ornamentation](/wiki/Musical_ornamentation "Musical ornamentation") to the songs. In the [18th century](/wiki/18th_century "18th century") Italian opera became very popular in England. This was largely due to the German-born composer [Georg Friderich Händel](/wiki/Georg_Friderich_H%C3%A4ndel "Georg Friderich Händel") who moved to [England](/wiki/England "England") in 1709 and wrote lots of Italian operas. Many singers who sang in [London](/wiki/London "London") came from Italy, and many were castrati. The most famous one was called [Farinelli](/wiki/Farinelli "Farinelli").
The popularity of castrato singers died out in the [19th century](/wiki/19th_century "19th century"). By the mid-19th century they were no opera castrati left, although a few castrati still sang in church choirs. The last one, a man called [Alessandro Moreschi](/wiki/Alessandro_Moreschi "Alessandro Moreschi"), died in 1922 aged 64. There is a [recording](/wiki/Vinyl_record "Vinyl record") of his voice made in 1902 which can be heard online, but he may not have been a good singer and he was old when he made the recording, so we cannot judge whether the castrato voice was beautiful by that recording.
## Related pages
* [Breeches role](/wiki/Breeches_role "Breeches role")
## Other websites
* [Alessandro Moreschi at *Internet Archive*](https://archive.org/details/AlessandroMoreschi) | Alessandro Moreschi (1858-1922) He was the only one to make solo recordings. This photograph was taken about 1880.
A castrato singing
Alessandro Moreschi performs part of Eugenio Terziani's Hostias et preces
Problems playing this file? See media help.
A castrato (plural castrati) was a type of male singer with a very high voice. The effect was produced either through castration, or because of some hormonal problems. The word castrato literally means castrated. Such singers were very sought after in the early days of the opera. Most of the main soprano roles in operas by Handel and other composers of that time were written for castrati. Nowadays they are almost always sung by female sopranos, since there are no castrati left.
The practice of castrating young boys who had good singing voices was quite common in Italy in the 17th century. When castration is done before puberty, the usual effects of puberty will not happen. These include the vocal cords enlarging and growing bigger, and the voice getting deeper as a consequence.
Even though castration was illegal in many parts of Italy, it was often performed. Many families who were poor had their children castrated because it might give them a better future.
Once a boy was castrated he would go to a special music school where children learned singing and musical instruments. The castrati pupils were given special treatment. They were fussed over and kept warm to stop them from getting colds. When they grew up they hoped to become famous opera singers. A few of them had very successful careers in opera. They were the great stars of their day, and audiences came to the opera to cheer on their favourite singers. Those who were not good enough to make a career in opera joined church choirs instead.
It is impossible now for us to know what these great castrato voices sounded like, but they must have had very powerful voices and many of the singers were very skilled in singing and adding musical ornamentation to the songs. In the 18th century Italian opera became very popular in England. This was largely due to the German-born composer Georg Friderich Händel who moved to England in 1709 and wrote lots of Italian operas. Many singers who sang in London came from Italy, and many were castrati. The most famous one was called Farinelli.
The popularity of castrato singers died out in the 19th century. By the mid-19th century they were no opera castrati left, although a few castrati still sang in church choirs. The last one, a man called Alessandro Moreschi, died in 1922 aged 64. There is a recording of his voice made in 1902 which can be heard online, but he may not have been a good singer and he was old when he made the recording, so we cannot judge whether the castrato voice was beautiful by that recording.
Related pages
Breeches role
Other websites
Alessandro Moreschi at Internet Archive
|
302,711 | Molecular_symmetry | Molecular symmetry | 8,483,550 | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | The [English](/wiki/English_language "English language") used in this article or section **may not be easy for everybody to understand**. You can help Wikipedia by reading [Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages](/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_write_Simple_English_pages "Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages"), then simplifying the article. *(January 2012)* |
**Molecular symmetry** is a basic idea in [chemistry](/wiki/Chemistry "Chemistry"). It is about the [symmetry](/wiki/Symmetry "Symmetry") of [molecules](/wiki/Molecule "Molecule"). It puts molecules into groups according to their symmetry. It can [predict](/wiki/Predict "Predict") or explain many of a molecule's [chemical properties](/wiki/Chemical_property "Chemical property").[[1]](#cite_note-1)[[2]](#cite_note-2)[[3]](#cite_note-3)[[4]](#cite_note-4)[[5]](#cite_note-5)
Chemists study symmetry to explain how [crystals](/wiki/Crystal "Crystal") are made up and how [chemicals react](/wiki/Chemical_reaction "Chemical reaction"). The molecular symmetry of the reactants help predict how the product of the reaction is made up and the [energy](/wiki/Activation_energy "Activation energy") needed for the reaction.
Molecular symmetry can be studied several different ways. [Group theory](/wiki/Group_theory "Group theory") is the most popular idea. Group theory is also useful in studying the symmetry of [molecular orbitals](/wiki/Molecular_orbital "Molecular orbital"). This is used in the Hückel method, ligand field theory, and the [Woodward–Hoffmann rules](/wiki/Woodward%E2%80%93Hoffmann_rules "Woodward–Hoffmann rules"). Another idea on a larger scale is the use of [crystal systems](/wiki/Crystal_system "Crystal system") to describe [crystallographic](/wiki/Crystallography "Crystallography") symmetry in bulk materials.
Scientists find molecular symmetry by using [X-ray crystallography](/wiki/X-ray_crystallography "X-ray crystallography") and other forms of [spectroscopy](/wiki/Spectroscopy "Spectroscopy"). Spectroscopic notation is based on facts taken from molecular symmetry.
## Historical background
Physicist [Hans Bethe](/wiki/Hans_Bethe "Hans Bethe") used characters of point group operations in his study of ligand field theory in 1929. [Eugene Wigner](/wiki/Eugene_Wigner "Eugene Wigner") used group theory to explain the selection rules of atomic spectroscopy.[[6]](#cite_note-6) The first character tables were compiled by László Tisza (1933), in connection to vibrational spectra. Robert Mulliken was the first to publish character tables in English (1933). E. Bright Wilson used them in 1934 to predict the symmetry of vibrational normal modes.[[7]](#cite_note-7) The complete set of 32 crystallographic point groups was published in 1936 by Rosenthal and Murphy.[[8]](#cite_note-8)
## Symmetry concepts
Mathematical [group theory](/wiki/Group_theory "Group theory") has been adapted to study of symmetry in molecules.
### Elements
The symmetry of a molecule can be described by 5 types of symmetry elements.
Water molecule is symmetrical
* **Symmetry axis**: an axis around which a [rotation](/wiki/Rotation "Rotation") by
360
∘
n
{\displaystyle {\tfrac {360^{\circ }}{n}}}
results in a molecule that appears identical to the molecule before rotation. This is also called an *n*-fold **rotational axis** and is shortened to Cn. Examples are the C2 in [water](/wiki/Water "Water") and the C3 in [ammonia](/wiki/Ammonia "Ammonia"). A molecule can have more than one symmetry axis; the one with the highest *n* is called the **principal axis**, and by convention is given the z-axis in a [Cartesian coordinate system](/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system "Cartesian coordinate system").
* **Plane of symmetry**: a plane of reflection through which an identical copy of the original molecule is given. This is also called a mirror plane and abbreviated [σ](/wiki/Sigma "Sigma"). Water has two of them: one in the plane of the molecule itself and one [perpendicular](/wiki/Perpendicular "Perpendicular") (at right angles) to it. A symmetry plane [parallel](/wiki/Parallel_(geometry) "Parallel (geometry)") with the principal axis is dubbed *vertical* (σv) and one perpendicular to it *horizontal* (σh). A third type of symmetry plane exists: if a vertical symmetry plane additionally bisects the angle between two 2-fold rotation axes perpendicular to the principal axis, the plane is dubbed dihedral (σd). A symmetry plane can also be identified by its Cartesian orientation, *e.g.*, (xz) or (yz).
Benzene
* **Center of symmetry** or **inversion center**, shortened to *i*. A molecule has a center of symmetry when, for any atom in the molecule, an identical atom exists diametrically opposite this center an equal distance from it. There may or may not be an atom at the center. Examples are xenon tetrafluoride (XeF4) where the inversion center is at the Xe atom, and [benzene](/wiki/Benzene "Benzene") (C6H6) where the inversion center is at the center of the ring.
* **Rotation-reflection axis**: an axis around which a rotation by
360
∘
n
{\displaystyle {\tfrac {360^{\circ }}{n}}}
, followed by a reflection in a plane perpendicular to it, leaves the molecule unchanged. Also called an *n*-fold **improper rotation axis**, it is shortened to Sn, with *n* necessarily even. Examples are present in tetrahedral silicon tetrafluoride, with three S4 axes, and the [staggered conformation](/wiki/Staggered_conformation "Staggered conformation") of [ethane](/wiki/Ethane "Ethane") with one S6 axis.
* **Identity** (also **E**), from the German 'Einheit' meaning Unity.[[9]](#cite_note-9) It is called "Identity" because it is like the number one (unity) in multiplication. (When a number is multiplied by one, the answer is the original number.) This symmetry element means no change. Every molecule has this element. The identity symmetry element helps chemists use mathematical group theory.
### Operations
Each of the five symmetry elements has a **symmetry operation**. People use a [caret](/wiki/Caret "Caret") symbol (^) to talk about the operation rather than the symmetry element. So, Ĉn is the rotation of a molecule around an axis and Ê is the identity operation. A symmetry element can have more than one symmetry operation associated with it. Since C1 is equivalent to E, S1 to σ and S2 to *i*, all symmetry operations can be classified as either proper or improper rotations.
## Point groups
A point group is a set of symmetry operations forming a mathematical *[group](/wiki/Group_(mathematics) "Group (mathematics)")*, for which at least one *point* remains fixed under all operations of the group. A crystallographic point group is a point group which will work with translational symmetry in three dimensions. There are a total of 32 crystallographic point groups, 30 of which are relevant to chemistry. Scientists use Schoenflies notation to classify point groups.
### Group theory
Mathematics define a *[group](/wiki/Group_(mathematics) "Group (mathematics)")*. A set of symmetry operations form a group when:
* the result of consecutive application (composition) of any two operations is also a member of the group (closure).
* the application of the operations is [associative](/wiki/Associativity "Associativity"): A(BC) = (AB)C
* the group contains the [identity operation](/wiki/Identity_element "Identity element"), denoted E, such that AE = EA = A for any operation A in the group.
* For every operation A in the group, there is an [inverse element](/wiki/Inverse_element "Inverse element") A−1 in the group, for which AA−1 = A−1A = E
The [order of a group](/wiki/Order_(group_theory) "Order (group theory)") is the number of symmetry operations for that group.
For example, the point group for the [water](/wiki/Water "Water") molecule is C2v, with symmetry operations E, C2, σv and σv'. Its order is thus 4. Each operation is its own inverse. As an example of closure, a C2 rotation followed by a σv reflection is seen to be a σv' symmetry operation: σv\*C2 = σv'. (Note that "Operation A followed by B to form C" is written BA = C).
Another example is the [ammonia](/wiki/Ammonia "Ammonia") molecule, which is pyramidal and contains a three-fold rotation axis as well as three mirror planes at an angle of 120° to each other. Each mirror plane contains an N-H bond and bisects the H-N-H bond angle opposite to that bond. Thus ammonia molecule belongs to the C3v point group which has order 6: an identity element E, two rotation operations C3 and C32, and three mirror reflections σv, σv' and σv".
### Common point groups
The following table contains a list of point groups with representative molecules. The description of structure includes common shapes of molecules based on [VSEPR theory](/wiki/VSEPR_theory "VSEPR theory").
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Point group** | **Symmetry elements** | **Simple description**, [chiral](/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry) "Chirality (chemistry)") if applicable | **Illustrative species** |
| C1 | E | no symmetry, chiral | CFClBrH, lysergic acid |
| Cs | E σh | planar, no other symmetry | thionyl chloride, [hypochlorous acid](/wiki/Hypochlorous_acid "Hypochlorous acid") |
| Ci | E *i* | Inversion center | *anti*-1,2-dichloro-1,2-dibromoethane
|
| C∞v | E 2C∞ σv | linear | [hydrogen chloride](/wiki/Hydrogen_chloride "Hydrogen chloride"), dicarbon monoxide |
| D∞h | E 2C∞ ∞σi *i* 2S∞ ∞C2 | linear with inversion center | dihydrogen, [azide](/wiki/Azide "Azide") anion, [carbon dioxide](/wiki/Carbon_dioxide "Carbon dioxide") |
| C2 | E C2 | "open book geometry," chiral | [hydrogen peroxide](/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide "Hydrogen peroxide") |
| C3 | E C3 | propeller, chiral | triphenylphosphine |
| C2h | E C2 *i* σh | planar with inversion center | trans-1,2-dichloroethylene |
| C3h | E C3 C32 σh S3 S35 | propeller | [Boric acid](/wiki/Boric_acid "Boric acid") |
| C2v | E C2 σv(xz) σv'(yz) | angular (H2O) or see-saw (SF4) | [water](/wiki/Water_(molecule) "Water (molecule)"), [sulfur tetrafluoride](/wiki/Sulfur_tetrafluoride "Sulfur tetrafluoride"), sulfuryl fluoride |
| C3v | E 2C3 3σv | trigonal pyramidal | [ammonia](/wiki/Ammonia "Ammonia"), phosphorus oxychloride |
| C4v | E 2C4 C2 2σv 2σd | square pyramidal | xenon oxytetrafluoride |
| D2 | E C2(x) C2(y) C2(z) | twist, chiral | cyclohexane twist conformation |
| D3 | E C3(z) 3C2 | triple helix, chiral | Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) cation |
| D2h | E C2(z) C2(y) C2(x) *i* σ(xy) σ(xz) σ(yz) | planar with inversion center | [ethylene](/wiki/Ethylene "Ethylene"), [dinitrogen tetroxide](/wiki/Dinitrogen_tetroxide "Dinitrogen tetroxide"), diborane |
| D3h | E 2C3 3C2 σh 2S3 3σv | trigonal planar or trigonal bipyramidal | [boron trifluoride](/wiki/Boron_trifluoride "Boron trifluoride"), [phosphorus pentachloride](/wiki/Phosphorus_pentachloride "Phosphorus pentachloride") |
| D4h | E 2C4 C2 2C2' 2C2i *2S4 σh 2σv 2σd* | square planar | xenon tetrafluoride |
| D5h | E 2C5 2C52 5C2 σh 2S5 2S53 5σv | pentagonal | ruthenocene, eclipsed ferrocene, C70 [fullerene](/wiki/Fullerene "Fullerene") |
| D6h | E 2C6 2C3 C2 3C2' 3C2 *i* 3S3 2S63 σh 3σd 3σv | hexagonal | [benzene](/wiki/Benzene "Benzene"), bis(benzene)chromium |
| D2d | E 2S4 C2 2C2' 2σd | 90° twist | allene, [tetrasulfur tetranitride](/wiki/Tetrasulfur_tetranitride "Tetrasulfur tetranitride") |
| D3d | E C3 3C2 *i* 2S6 3σd | 60° twist | [ethane](/wiki/Ethane "Ethane") (staggered rotamer), cyclohexane chair conformation |
| D4d | E 2S8 2C4 2S83 C2 4C2' 4σd | 45° twist | dimanganese decacarbonyl (staggered rotamer)
|
| D5d | E 2C5 2C52 5C2 *i* 3S103 2S10 5σd | 36° twist | ferrocene (staggered rotamer)
|
| Td | E 8C3 3C2 6S4 6σd | [tetrahedral](/wiki/Tetrahedron "Tetrahedron") | [methane](/wiki/Methane "Methane"), [phosphorus pentoxide](/wiki/Phosphorus_pentoxide "Phosphorus pentoxide"), adamantane |
| Oh | E 8C3 6C2 6C4 3C2 *i* 6S4 8S6 3σh 6σd | [octahedral](/wiki/Octahedron "Octahedron") or cubic | cubane, [sulfur hexafluoride](/wiki/Sulfur_hexafluoride "Sulfur hexafluoride") |
| Ih | E 12C5 12C52 20C3 15C2 *i* 12S10 12S103 20S6 15σ | [icosahedral](/wiki/Icosahedron "Icosahedron") | [C60](/wiki/Fullerene "Fullerene"), B12H122- |
### Representations
Symmetry operations can be written in many ways. A good way to write them is by using [matrices](/wiki/Matrix_(mathematics) "Matrix (mathematics)"). For any vector representing a point in [Cartesian coordinates](/wiki/Cartesian_coordinates "Cartesian coordinates"), [left-multiplying](/wiki/Matrix_multiplication "Matrix multiplication") it gives the new place of the point transformed by the symmetry operation. Composition of operations is done by [matrix multiplication](/wiki/Matrix_multiplication "Matrix multiplication"). In the C2v example this is:
[
−
1
0
0
0
−
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
C
2
×
[
1
0
0
0
−
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
σ
v
=
[
−
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
σ
v
′
{\displaystyle \underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}-1&0&0\\0&-1&0\\0&0&1\\\end{bmatrix}} \_{C\_{2}}\times \underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\0&-1&0\\0&0&1\\\end{bmatrix}} \_{\sigma \_{v}}=\underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}-1&0&0\\0&1&0\\0&0&1\\\end{bmatrix}} \_{\sigma '\_{v}}}
Although an infinite (going on forever) number of such representations (ways of showing things) exist, the irreducible representations (or "irreps") of the group are commonly used, as all other representations of the group can be described as a [linear combination](/wiki/Linear_combination "Linear combination") of the irreducible representations. (The irreps span the [vector space](/wiki/Vector_space "Vector space") of the symmetry operations.) Chemists use the irreps to sort the symmetry groups and to talk about their properties.
## Character tables
For each point group, a **character table** summarizes information on its symmetry operations and on its irreducible representations. The tables are square because there are always equal numbers of irreducible representations and groups of symmetry operations.
The table itself is made of **characters** which show how a particular irreducible representation changes when a particular symmetry operation is applied (put to it). Any symmetry operation in a molecule's point group acting on the molecule itself will leave it unchanged. But for acting on a general entity (thing), such as a vector or an [orbital](/wiki/Atomic_orbital "Atomic orbital"), this does not have to be what happens. The vector could change sign or direction, and the orbital could change type. For simple point groups, the values are either 1 or -1: 1 means that the sign or phase (of the vector or orbital) is unchanged by the symmetry operation (*symmetric*) and -1 denotes a sign change (*asymmetric*).
The representations are labeled according to a set of conventions:
* A, when rotation around the principal axis is symmetrical
* B, when rotation around the principal axis is asymmetrical
* E and T are doubly and triply degenerate representations, respectively
* when the point group has an inversion center, the subscript g ([German](/wiki/German_language "German language"): *gerade* or even) signals no change in sign, and the subscript u (*ungerade* or uneven) a change in sign, with respect to inversion.
* with point groups C∞v and D∞h the symbols are borrowed from [angular momentum](/wiki/Angular_momentum "Angular momentum") description: [Σ](/wiki/Sigma "Sigma"), [Π](/wiki/Pi_(letter) "Pi (letter)"), [Δ](/wiki/Delta_(letter) "Delta (letter)").
The tables also tell the Cartesian [basis vectors](/wiki/Basis_vector "Basis vector"), [rotations](/wiki/Rotation "Rotation") about them, and [quadratic functions](/wiki/Quadratic_function "Quadratic function") of them transformed by the symmetry operations of the group. The table also shows which irreducible representation transforms in the same way (on the right hand side of the tables). Chemists use this because chemically important orbitals (in particular *p* and *d* orbitals) have the same symmetries as these entities.
The character table for the C2v symmetry point group is given below:
| C2v | E | C2 | σv(xz) | σv'(yz) | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | *z* | *x*2, *y*2, *z*2 |
| A2 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | Rz | *xy* |
| B1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | *x*, Ry | *xz* |
| B2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | *y*, Rx | *yz* |
For example, water (H2O) which has the C2v symmetry described above. The 2*p*x [orbital](/wiki/Atomic_orbital "Atomic orbital") of oxygen is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the molecule and switches sign with a C2 and a σv'(yz) operation, but remains unchanged with the other two operations (obviously, the character for the identity operation is always +1). This orbital's character set is thus {1, -1, 1, -1}, corresponding to the B1 irreducible representation. Similarly, the 2*p*z orbital is seen to have the symmetry of the A1 irreducible representation, 2*p*y B2, and the 3*d*xy orbital A2. These assignments and others are in the rightmost two columns of the table.
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) *Quantum Chemistry*, Third Edition John P. Lowe, Kirk Peterson [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [012457551X](/wiki/Special:BookSources/012457551X "Special:BookSources/012457551X")
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) *Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach* by Donald A. McQuarrie, John D. Simon [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0935702997](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0935702997 "Special:BookSources/0935702997")
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) *The chemical bond* 2nd Ed. J.N. Murrell, S.F.A. Kettle, J.M. Tedder [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [047190760X](/wiki/Special:BookSources/047190760X "Special:BookSources/047190760X")
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) *Physical Chemistry* P. W. Atkins [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0716728710](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0716728710 "Special:BookSources/0716728710")
5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr “Inorganic Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall publisher, [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-13-035471-6](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-13-035471-6 "Special:BookSources/0-13-035471-6").
6. [↑](#cite_ref-6) *Group Theory and its application to the quantum mechanics of atomic spectra*, E. P. Wigner, Academic Press Inc. (1959)
7. [↑](#cite_ref-7) *Correcting Two Long-Standing Errors in Point Group Symmetry Character Tables* Randall B. Shirts J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1882. [Abstract](http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/Journal/Issues/2007/Nov/abs1882.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090831100003/http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/Journal/Issues/2007/Nov/abs1882.html) 2009-08-31 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
8. [↑](#cite_ref-8) *Group Theory and the Vibrations of Polyatomic Molecules* Jenny E. Rosenthal and G. M. Murphy Rev. Mod. Phys. 8, 317 - 346 (1936) [doi](/wiki/Digital_object_identifier "Digital object identifier"):[10.1103/RevModPhys.8.317](https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FRevModPhys.8.317)
9. [↑](#cite_ref-9) [LEO Ergebnisse für "einheit"](http://dict.leo.org/ende?lp=ende&lang=de&searchLoc=0&cmpType=relaxed§Hdr=on&spellToler=on&search=einheit&relink=on)
## Other websites
* [Molecular symmetry at the University of Exeter](http://www.phys.ncl.ac.uk/staff/njpg/symmetry/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080619071812/http://www.phys.ncl.ac.uk/staff/njpg/symmetry/) 2008-06-19 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
* [Molecular symmetry at Imperial College London](http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/local/symmetry/)
* [Molecular Point Group Symmetry Tables](http://www.webqc.org/symmetry.php)
* [Molecular symmetry at Otterbein University](http://symmetry.otterbein.edu/)
* [Pictorial overview of the 32 groups](http://newton.ex.ac.uk/research/qsystems/people/goss/symmetry/Solids.html) | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | The English used in this article or section may not be easy for everybody to understand. You can help Wikipedia by reading Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages, then simplifying the article. (January 2012) |
Molecular symmetry is a basic idea in chemistry. It is about the symmetry of molecules. It puts molecules into groups according to their symmetry. It can predict or explain many of a molecule's chemical properties.[1][2][3][4][5]
Chemists study symmetry to explain how crystals are made up and how chemicals react. The molecular symmetry of the reactants help predict how the product of the reaction is made up and the energy needed for the reaction.
Molecular symmetry can be studied several different ways. Group theory is the most popular idea. Group theory is also useful in studying the symmetry of molecular orbitals. This is used in the Hückel method, ligand field theory, and the Woodward–Hoffmann rules. Another idea on a larger scale is the use of crystal systems to describe crystallographic symmetry in bulk materials.
Scientists find molecular symmetry by using X-ray crystallography and other forms of spectroscopy. Spectroscopic notation is based on facts taken from molecular symmetry.
Historical background
Physicist Hans Bethe used characters of point group operations in his study of ligand field theory in 1929. Eugene Wigner used group theory to explain the selection rules of atomic spectroscopy.[6] The first character tables were compiled by László Tisza (1933), in connection to vibrational spectra. Robert Mulliken was the first to publish character tables in English (1933). E. Bright Wilson used them in 1934 to predict the symmetry of vibrational normal modes.[7] The complete set of 32 crystallographic point groups was published in 1936 by Rosenthal and Murphy.[8]
Symmetry concepts
Mathematical group theory has been adapted to study of symmetry in molecules.
Elements
The symmetry of a molecule can be described by 5 types of symmetry elements.
Water molecule is symmetrical
* Symmetry axis: an axis around which a rotation by
360
∘
n
{\displaystyle {\tfrac {360^{\circ }}{n}}}
results in a molecule that appears identical to the molecule before rotation. This is also called an n-fold rotational axis and is shortened to Cn. Examples are the C2 in water and the C3 in ammonia. A molecule can have more than one symmetry axis; the one with the highest n is called the principal axis, and by convention is given the z-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system.
* Plane of symmetry: a plane of reflection through which an identical copy of the original molecule is given. This is also called a mirror plane and abbreviated σ. Water has two of them: one in the plane of the molecule itself and one perpendicular (at right angles) to it. A symmetry plane parallel with the principal axis is dubbed vertical (σv) and one perpendicular to it horizontal (σh). A third type of symmetry plane exists: if a vertical symmetry plane additionally bisects the angle between two 2-fold rotation axes perpendicular to the principal axis, the plane is dubbed dihedral (σd). A symmetry plane can also be identified by its Cartesian orientation, e.g., (xz) or (yz).
Benzene
* Center of symmetry or inversion center, shortened to i. A molecule has a center of symmetry when, for any atom in the molecule, an identical atom exists diametrically opposite this center an equal distance from it. There may or may not be an atom at the center. Examples are xenon tetrafluoride (XeF4) where the inversion center is at the Xe atom, and benzene (C6H6) where the inversion center is at the center of the ring.
* Rotation-reflection axis: an axis around which a rotation by
360
∘
n
{\displaystyle {\tfrac {360^{\circ }}{n}}}
, followed by a reflection in a plane perpendicular to it, leaves the molecule unchanged. Also called an n-fold improper rotation axis, it is shortened to Sn, with n necessarily even. Examples are present in tetrahedral silicon tetrafluoride, with three S4 axes, and the staggered conformation of ethane with one S6 axis.
* Identity (also E), from the German 'Einheit' meaning Unity.[9] It is called "Identity" because it is like the number one (unity) in multiplication. (When a number is multiplied by one, the answer is the original number.) This symmetry element means no change. Every molecule has this element. The identity symmetry element helps chemists use mathematical group theory.
Operations
Each of the five symmetry elements has a symmetry operation. People use a caret symbol (^) to talk about the operation rather than the symmetry element. So, Ĉn is the rotation of a molecule around an axis and Ê is the identity operation. A symmetry element can have more than one symmetry operation associated with it. Since C1 is equivalent to E, S1 to σ and S2 to i, all symmetry operations can be classified as either proper or improper rotations.
Point groups
A point group is a set of symmetry operations forming a mathematical group, for which at least one point remains fixed under all operations of the group. A crystallographic point group is a point group which will work with translational symmetry in three dimensions. There are a total of 32 crystallographic point groups, 30 of which are relevant to chemistry. Scientists use Schoenflies notation to classify point groups.
Group theory
Mathematics define a group. A set of symmetry operations form a group when:
the result of consecutive application (composition) of any two operations is also a member of the group (closure).
the application of the operations is associative: A(BC) = (AB)C
the group contains the identity operation, denoted E, such that AE = EA = A for any operation A in the group.
For every operation A in the group, there is an inverse element A−1 in the group, for which AA−1 = A−1A = E
The order of a group is the number of symmetry operations for that group.
For example, the point group for the water molecule is C2v, with symmetry operations E, C2, σv and σv'. Its order is thus 4. Each operation is its own inverse. As an example of closure, a C2 rotation followed by a σv reflection is seen to be a σv' symmetry operation: σv*C2 = σv'. (Note that "Operation A followed by B to form C" is written BA = C).
Another example is the ammonia molecule, which is pyramidal and contains a three-fold rotation axis as well as three mirror planes at an angle of 120° to each other. Each mirror plane contains an N-H bond and bisects the H-N-H bond angle opposite to that bond. Thus ammonia molecule belongs to the C3v point group which has order 6: an identity element E, two rotation operations C3 and C32, and three mirror reflections σv, σv' and σv".
Common point groups
The following table contains a list of point groups with representative molecules. The description of structure includes common shapes of molecules based on VSEPR theory.
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Point group | Symmetry elements | Simple description, chiral if applicable | Illustrative species |
| C1 | E | no symmetry, chiral | CFClBrH, lysergic acid |
| Cs | E σh | planar, no other symmetry | thionyl chloride, hypochlorous acid |
| Ci | E i | Inversion center | anti-1,2-dichloro-1,2-dibromoethane
|
| C∞v | E 2C∞ σv | linear | hydrogen chloride, dicarbon monoxide |
| D∞h | E 2C∞ ∞σi i 2S∞ ∞C2 | linear with inversion center | dihydrogen, azide anion, carbon dioxide |
| C2 | E C2 | "open book geometry," chiral | hydrogen peroxide |
| C3 | E C3 | propeller, chiral | triphenylphosphine |
| C2h | E C2 i σh | planar with inversion center | trans-1,2-dichloroethylene |
| C3h | E C3 C32 σh S3 S35 | propeller | Boric acid |
| C2v | E C2 σv(xz) σv'(yz) | angular (H2O) or see-saw (SF4) | water, sulfur tetrafluoride, sulfuryl fluoride |
| C3v | E 2C3 3σv | trigonal pyramidal | ammonia, phosphorus oxychloride |
| C4v | E 2C4 C2 2σv 2σd | square pyramidal | xenon oxytetrafluoride |
| D2 | E C2(x) C2(y) C2(z) | twist, chiral | cyclohexane twist conformation |
| D3 | E C3(z) 3C2 | triple helix, chiral | Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) cation |
| D2h | E C2(z) C2(y) C2(x) i σ(xy) σ(xz) σ(yz) | planar with inversion center | ethylene, dinitrogen tetroxide, diborane |
| D3h | E 2C3 3C2 σh 2S3 3σv | trigonal planar or trigonal bipyramidal | boron trifluoride, phosphorus pentachloride |
| D4h | E 2C4 C2 2C2' 2C2i 2S4 σh 2σv 2σd | square planar | xenon tetrafluoride |
| D5h | E 2C5 2C52 5C2 σh 2S5 2S53 5σv | pentagonal | ruthenocene, eclipsed ferrocene, C70 fullerene |
| D6h | E 2C6 2C3 C2 3C2' 3C2 i 3S3 2S63 σh 3σd 3σv | hexagonal | benzene, bis(benzene)chromium |
| D2d | E 2S4 C2 2C2' 2σd | 90° twist | allene, tetrasulfur tetranitride |
| D3d | E C3 3C2 i 2S6 3σd | 60° twist | ethane (staggered rotamer), cyclohexane chair conformation |
| D4d | E 2S8 2C4 2S83 C2 4C2' 4σd | 45° twist | dimanganese decacarbonyl (staggered rotamer)
|
| D5d | E 2C5 2C52 5C2 i 3S103 2S10 5σd | 36° twist | ferrocene (staggered rotamer)
|
| Td | E 8C3 3C2 6S4 6σd | tetrahedral | methane, phosphorus pentoxide, adamantane |
| Oh | E 8C3 6C2 6C4 3C2 i 6S4 8S6 3σh 6σd | octahedral or cubic | cubane, sulfur hexafluoride |
| Ih | E 12C5 12C52 20C3 15C2 i 12S10 12S103 20S6 15σ | icosahedral | C60, B12H122- |
Representations
Symmetry operations can be written in many ways. A good way to write them is by using matrices. For any vector representing a point in Cartesian coordinates, left-multiplying it gives the new place of the point transformed by the symmetry operation. Composition of operations is done by matrix multiplication. In the C2v example this is:
[
−
1
0
0
0
−
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
C
2
×
[
1
0
0
0
−
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
σ
v
=
[
−
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
]
⏟
σ
v
′
{\displaystyle \underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}-1&0&0\0&-1&0\0&0&1\\end{bmatrix}} _{C_{2}}\times \underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\0&-1&0\0&0&1\\end{bmatrix}} _{\sigma _{v}}=\underbrace {\begin{bmatrix}-1&0&0\0&1&0\0&0&1\\end{bmatrix}} _{\sigma '_{v}}}
Although an infinite (going on forever) number of such representations (ways of showing things) exist, the irreducible representations (or "irreps") of the group are commonly used, as all other representations of the group can be described as a linear combination of the irreducible representations. (The irreps span the vector space of the symmetry operations.) Chemists use the irreps to sort the symmetry groups and to talk about their properties.
Character tables
For each point group, a character table summarizes information on its symmetry operations and on its irreducible representations. The tables are square because there are always equal numbers of irreducible representations and groups of symmetry operations.
The table itself is made of characters which show how a particular irreducible representation changes when a particular symmetry operation is applied (put to it). Any symmetry operation in a molecule's point group acting on the molecule itself will leave it unchanged. But for acting on a general entity (thing), such as a vector or an orbital, this does not have to be what happens. The vector could change sign or direction, and the orbital could change type. For simple point groups, the values are either 1 or -1: 1 means that the sign or phase (of the vector or orbital) is unchanged by the symmetry operation (symmetric) and -1 denotes a sign change (asymmetric).
The representations are labeled according to a set of conventions:
A, when rotation around the principal axis is symmetrical
B, when rotation around the principal axis is asymmetrical
E and T are doubly and triply degenerate representations, respectively
when the point group has an inversion center, the subscript g (German: gerade or even) signals no change in sign, and the subscript u (ungerade or uneven) a change in sign, with respect to inversion.
with point groups C∞v and D∞h the symbols are borrowed from angular momentum description: Σ, Π, Δ.
The tables also tell the Cartesian basis vectors, rotations about them, and quadratic functions of them transformed by the symmetry operations of the group. The table also shows which irreducible representation transforms in the same way (on the right hand side of the tables). Chemists use this because chemically important orbitals (in particular p and d orbitals) have the same symmetries as these entities.
The character table for the C2v symmetry point group is given below:
| C2v | E | C2 | σv(xz) | σv'(yz) | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | z | x2, y2, z2 |
| A2 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | Rz | xy |
| B1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | x, Ry | xz |
| B2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | y, Rx | yz |
For example, water (H2O) which has the C2v symmetry described above. The 2px orbital of oxygen is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the molecule and switches sign with a C2 and a σv'(yz) operation, but remains unchanged with the other two operations (obviously, the character for the identity operation is always +1). This orbital's character set is thus {1, -1, 1, -1}, corresponding to the B1 irreducible representation. Similarly, the 2pz orbital is seen to have the symmetry of the A1 irreducible representation, 2py B2, and the 3dxy orbital A2. These assignments and others are in the rightmost two columns of the table.
References
↑ Quantum Chemistry, Third Edition John P. Lowe, Kirk Peterson ISBN 012457551X
↑ Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach by Donald A. McQuarrie, John D. Simon ISBN 0935702997
↑ The chemical bond 2nd Ed. J.N. Murrell, S.F.A. Kettle, J.M. Tedder ISBN 047190760X
↑ Physical Chemistry P. W. Atkins ISBN 0716728710
↑ G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr “Inorganic Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall publisher, ISBN 0-13-035471-6.
↑ Group Theory and its application to the quantum mechanics of atomic spectra, E. P. Wigner, Academic Press Inc. (1959)
↑ Correcting Two Long-Standing Errors in Point Group Symmetry Character Tables Randall B. Shirts J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1882. Abstract Archived 2009-08-31 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Group Theory and the Vibrations of Polyatomic Molecules Jenny E. Rosenthal and G. M. Murphy Rev. Mod. Phys. 8, 317 - 346 (1936) doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.8.317
↑ LEO Ergebnisse für "einheit"
Other websites
Molecular symmetry at the University of Exeter Archived 2008-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
Molecular symmetry at Imperial College London
Molecular Point Group Symmetry Tables
Molecular symmetry at Otterbein University
Pictorial overview of the 32 groups
|
62,721 | Samson_(band) | Samson (band) | 8,407,042 | **Samson** was a [British](/wiki/British "British") [heavy metal](/wiki/Heavy_metal_music "Heavy metal music") [band](/wiki/Band "Band") between 1977 and 2002. It was considered a part of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal. Its first album, *Survivors*, received good reviews. This made the band more popular.[[1]](#cite_note-1) [Iron Maiden](/wiki/Iron_Maiden "Iron Maiden") lead singer [Bruce Dickinson](/wiki/Bruce_Dickinson "Bruce Dickinson") was in the band before he joined Iron Maiden.[[2]](#cite_note-2) Dickinson went by the name "Bruce Bruce" while he was in Samson.[[3]](#cite_note-3) The band kept making music until 2002, when guitarist Paul Samson, who started the band, died of [cancer](/wiki/Cancer "Cancer").[[4]](#cite_note-4)
## Studio albums
* Survivors (1979)
* Head On (1980)
* Shock Tactics (1981)
* Before the Storm (1982)
* Don't Get Mad, Get Even (1984)
* Joint Forces (1986)
* Refugee (1990)
* Samson (1993)
* P.S.... (2006)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Archived copy"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120219093524/http://www.bookofhours.net/bdwbn/bio.htm). Archived from [the original](http://www.bookofhours.net/bdwbn/bio.htm) on 2012-02-19. Retrieved 2010-03-02.`{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite_web "Template:Cite web")}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ([link](/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title "Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title"))
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Bruce Dickinson - Reviewing Trade Ideas & Stocks: TradeIdeas Review"](https://web.archive.org/web/20100308002226/http://www.brucedickinson.net/). *Bruce Dickinson*. Archived from [the original](http://www.brucedickinson.net/) on 2010-03-08. Retrieved 2010-03-02.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) ["No Life Til Metal - CD Gallery - Samson"](http://www.nolifetilmetal.com/samson.htm). *www.nolifetilmetal.com*.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["The BNR Metal Pages"](https://web.archive.org/web/20100503201049/http://www.bnrmetal.com/v2/bandpage.php?ID=Sams). Archived from [the original](http://www.bnrmetal.com/v2/bandpage.php?ID=Sams) on 2010-05-03. Retrieved 2010-03-02.
## Other websites
* [Samson on *AllMusic*](http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5348)
* [Samson on *Billboard*](http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/samson/5600)
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [music](/wiki/Category:Music_stubs "Category:Music stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samson_(band)&action=edit)*. | Samson was a British heavy metal band between 1977 and 2002. It was considered a part of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal. Its first album, Survivors, received good reviews. This made the band more popular.[1] Iron Maiden lead singer Bruce Dickinson was in the band before he joined Iron Maiden.[2] Dickinson went by the name "Bruce Bruce" while he was in Samson.[3] The band kept making music until 2002, when guitarist Paul Samson, who started the band, died of cancer.[4]
Studio albums
Survivors (1979)
Head On (1980)
Shock Tactics (1981)
Before the Storm (1982)
Don't Get Mad, Get Even (1984)
Joint Forces (1986)
Refugee (1990)
Samson (1993)
P.S.... (2006)
References
↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-02-19. Retrieved 2010-03-02.{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite_web "Template:Cite web")}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Bruce Dickinson - Reviewing Trade Ideas & Stocks: TradeIdeas Review". Bruce Dickinson. Archived from the original on 2010-03-08. Retrieved 2010-03-02.
↑ "No Life Til Metal - CD Gallery - Samson". www.nolifetilmetal.com.
↑ "The BNR Metal Pages". Archived from the original on 2010-05-03. Retrieved 2010-03-02.
Other websites
Samson on AllMusic
Samson on Billboard
This short article about music can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
786,590 | Joe_Russo | Joe Russo | 7,089,416 | Redirect to:
* [Russo brothers](/wiki/Russo_brothers "Russo brothers") | Redirect to:
Russo brothers
|
955,442 | Computer-aided_manufacture_(CAM) | Computer-aided manufacture (CAM) | 8,418,614 | Redirect to:
* [Computer-aided manufacturing](/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing "Computer-aided manufacturing") | Redirect to:
Computer-aided manufacturing
|
351,689 | After_the_Burial | After the Burial | 8,790,130 | | After the Burial |
| --- |
| After the Burial in 2009 |
| Background information |
| Origin | [Twin Cities](/wiki/Minneapolis-Saint_Paul "Minneapolis-Saint Paul"), [Minnesota](/wiki/Minnesota "Minnesota")[United States](/wiki/United_States "United States") |
| Genres | [Progressive metal](/wiki/Progressive_metal "Progressive metal"), [metalcore](/wiki/Metalcore "Metalcore"), deathcore, [death metal](/wiki/Death_metal "Death metal") |
| Years active | 2004–*present* |
| Labels | Corrosive, Sumerian |
| |
| Members | Justin LoweLerichard ForalTrent HafdahlDan CarleAnthony Notarmaso |
| |
| Past member(s) | Nick WellnerGreg EricksonEric RoblesGrant Luoma |
| Website | [Sumerian Records profile](http://sumerianrecords.com/artist/details/After+the+Burial/id:6/) |
**After the Burial** is an [American](/wiki/United_States "United States") [metal](/wiki/Heavy_metal_music "Heavy metal music") [band](/wiki/Band "Band") from [Twin Cities](/wiki/Minneapolis-Saint_Paul "Minneapolis-Saint Paul"), [Minnesota](/wiki/Minnesota "Minnesota"). After the Burial has five members in the band; the current band members are Justin Lowe, Lerichard Foral, Trent Hafdahl, Dan Carle and Anthony Notarmaso.
The band was formed in 2004. They released their first album "*Forging a Future Self*" on January 9, 2007.[[1]](#cite_note-1) Band members Nick Wellner and Greg Erickson left the band shortly after they signed to Sumerian Records. Grant Luoma joined the band and replaced Wellner as the vocalist and Eric Robles replaced Erickson on drums. Robles left the band before the recording of their second album and Dan Carle joined the band to replace him. The band released their second album "*Rareform*" on July 22, 2008.[[2]](#cite_note-2) Luoma left the band in 2009 and Anthony Notarmaso joined the band to replace him on vocals. They released their "*In Dreams*" on November 23, 2010.[[3]](#cite_note-3)
## Band members
Current
* Lerichard "Lee" Foral - [bass guitar](/wiki/Bass_guitar "Bass guitar") (2004–present)
* Trent Hafdahl - [lead guitar](/wiki/Lead_guitar "Lead guitar"), [backing vocals](/wiki/Backing_vocals "Backing vocals") (2004-present)
* Justin Lowe - [rhythm guitar](/wiki/Rhythm_guitar "Rhythm guitar") (2004-present)
* Dan Carle - [drums](/wiki/Drum "Drum") (2008–present)
* Anthony Notarmaso - [lead vocals](/wiki/Lead_vocals "Lead vocals") (2008-present)
Former
* Nick Wellner - lead vocals (2004–2007)
* Grant Luoma - lead vocals (2007–2008)
* Greg Erickson - drums (2004–2007)
* Eric Robles - drums (2007–2008)
## Discography
### Studio albums
* *Forging a Future Self* (2007)
* *Rareform* (2008)
* *In Dreams* (2010)
* *Wolves Within* (2013)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Forging a Future Self by After the Burial on iTunes"](https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/forging-a-future-self/521235453). April 2006 – via itunes.apple.com.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) <https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/rareform/id365898632>
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) ["In Dreams by After the Burial"](https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/in-dreams/611627579) – via itunes.apple.com.
## Other websites
* [After the Burial](http://sumerianrecords.com/artist/details/After+the+Burial/id:6/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120620190537/http://sumerianrecords.com/artist/details/After+the+Burial/id:6) 2012-06-20 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") on Sumerian Records
* [After the Burial](https://www.facebook.com/aftertheburial) on [Facebook](/wiki/Facebook "Facebook") | | After the Burial |
| --- |
| After the Burial in 2009 |
| Background information |
| Origin | Twin Cities, MinnesotaUnited States |
| Genres | Progressive metal, metalcore, deathcore, death metal |
| Years active | 2004–present |
| Labels | Corrosive, Sumerian |
| |
| Members | Justin LoweLerichard ForalTrent HafdahlDan CarleAnthony Notarmaso |
| |
| Past member(s) | Nick WellnerGreg EricksonEric RoblesGrant Luoma |
| Website | Sumerian Records profile |
After the Burial is an American metal band from Twin Cities, Minnesota. After the Burial has five members in the band; the current band members are Justin Lowe, Lerichard Foral, Trent Hafdahl, Dan Carle and Anthony Notarmaso.
The band was formed in 2004. They released their first album "Forging a Future Self" on January 9, 2007.[1] Band members Nick Wellner and Greg Erickson left the band shortly after they signed to Sumerian Records. Grant Luoma joined the band and replaced Wellner as the vocalist and Eric Robles replaced Erickson on drums. Robles left the band before the recording of their second album and Dan Carle joined the band to replace him. The band released their second album "Rareform" on July 22, 2008.[2] Luoma left the band in 2009 and Anthony Notarmaso joined the band to replace him on vocals. They released their "In Dreams" on November 23, 2010.[3]
Band members
Current
* Lerichard "Lee" Foral - bass guitar (2004–present)
* Trent Hafdahl - lead guitar, backing vocals (2004-present)
* Justin Lowe - rhythm guitar (2004-present)
* Dan Carle - drums (2008–present)
* Anthony Notarmaso - lead vocals (2008-present)
Former
* Nick Wellner - lead vocals (2004–2007)
* Grant Luoma - lead vocals (2007–2008)
* Greg Erickson - drums (2004–2007)
* Eric Robles - drums (2007–2008)
Discography
Studio albums
Forging a Future Self (2007)
Rareform (2008)
In Dreams (2010)
Wolves Within (2013)
References
↑ "Forging a Future Self by After the Burial on iTunes". April 2006 – via itunes.apple.com.
↑ https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/rareform/id365898632
↑ "In Dreams by After the Burial" – via itunes.apple.com.
Other websites
After the Burial Archived 2012-06-20 at the Wayback Machine on Sumerian Records
After the Burial on Facebook
|
126,179 | Bernard_Fanning | Bernard Fanning | 7,881,210 | Bernard Fanning performing with Powderfinger in 2006
**Bernard Fanning** (born 15 August 1969) is the [singer](/wiki/Singer "Singer"), [guitarist](/wiki/Guitar "Guitar") and writes songs for the [Australian](/wiki/Australia "Australia") [rock](/wiki/Rock_music "Rock music") band [Powderfinger](/wiki/Powderfinger "Powderfinger").[[1]](#cite_note-bf-1)
Born in [Brisbane](/wiki/Brisbane "Brisbane"), Fanning joined the band Powderfinger after finishing high school in 1989.[[2]](#cite_note-abc-2) He was asked to join by singer and guitar player Ian Haug.[[1]](#cite_note-bf-1) He had met Haug while studying journalism at the University of Queensland.[[2]](#cite_note-abc-2) He also appeared in the movie [Ned Kelly](/wiki/Ned_Kelly_(2003_movie) "Ned Kelly (2003 movie)") which starred [Heath Ledger](/wiki/Heath_Ledger "Heath Ledger"). Fanning has a small role as a musician in the hotel.[[1]](#cite_note-bf-1) He also wrote several songs for the movie, including the title song, "Shelter for My Soul."
Powderfinger have released six albums. Fanning has made a solo album, *Tea and Sympathy* in 2005.[[2]](#cite_note-abc-2) His music has been described as a mixture of blues and acoustic folk.[[2]](#cite_note-abc-2) As well as singing, Fanning plays [guitar](/wiki/Guitar "Guitar"), [piano](/wiki/Piano "Piano"), keyboards and [harmonica](/wiki/Harmonica "Harmonica").[[2]](#cite_note-abc-2)
## Tea and Sympathy
This album was recorded in 2005 while Powderfinger were having a break. Ten of the songs were recorded at [Peter Gabriel](/wiki/Peter_Gabriel "Peter Gabriel")'s Real World studios at[Bath, Somerset](/wiki/Bath,_Somerset "Bath, Somerset").[[3]](#cite_note-bfb-3) The other four tracks where recorded in Brisbane. All the songs were written by Bernard Fanning. Other musicians on the album are John Bedggood, John Marotta, Keith Duffy, Duane Billing, Matt Englebrecht, Chris Bosely, Tchad Blake, Ben Quinn and Stu Miller.[[3]](#cite_note-bfb-3)
### Tracks
1. "Thrill is Gone"
2. "Wish You Well"
3. "Not Finished Just Yet"
4. "Songbird"
5. "Believe"
6. "Which Way Home"
7. "Wash Me Clean"
8. "Hope and Validation"
9. "Sleeping Rough"
10. "The Strangest Thing"
11. "Further Down the Road"
12. "Down to the River"
13. "Yesterday's Gone"
14. "Watch Over Me"
## References
1. ↑ [1.0](#cite_ref-bf_1-0) [1.1](#cite_ref-bf_1-1) [1.2](#cite_ref-bf_1-2) ["Bernard Fanning"](http://music.moldova.org/artist/bernard-fanning-444-0-eng.html). *Moldova*. Retrieved 2009-11-16.[*[permanent dead link](/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot "Wikipedia:Link rot")*]
2. ↑ [2.0](#cite_ref-abc_2-0) [2.1](#cite_ref-abc_2-1) [2.2](#cite_ref-abc_2-2) [2.3](#cite_ref-abc_2-3) [2.4](#cite_ref-abc_2-4) ["Bernard Fanning"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090714123028/http://abcdigmusic.net.au/artist/bernard-fanning). *Dig Music*. ABC. Archived from [the original](http://abcdigmusic.net.au/artist/bernard-fanning) on 2009-07-14. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
3. ↑ [3.0](#cite_ref-bfb_3-0) [3.1](#cite_ref-bfb_3-1) ["Bernard Fanning Biography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090913153306/http://www.bernardfanning.com/content.cfm?bio.cfm). *Bernard Fanning Official Website*. Archived from [the original](http://www.bernardfanning.com/content.cfm?bio.cfm) on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
## Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Bernard Fanning](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bernard_Fanning "commons:Category:Bernard Fanning")***.
* [The Bernard Fanning website](http://www.bernardfanning.com/) | Bernard Fanning performing with Powderfinger in 2006
Bernard Fanning (born 15 August 1969) is the singer, guitarist and writes songs for the Australian rock band Powderfinger.[1]
Born in Brisbane, Fanning joined the band Powderfinger after finishing high school in 1989.[2] He was asked to join by singer and guitar player Ian Haug.[1] He had met Haug while studying journalism at the University of Queensland.[2] He also appeared in the movie Ned Kelly which starred Heath Ledger. Fanning has a small role as a musician in the hotel.[1] He also wrote several songs for the movie, including the title song, "Shelter for My Soul."
Powderfinger have released six albums. Fanning has made a solo album, Tea and Sympathy in 2005.[2] His music has been described as a mixture of blues and acoustic folk.[2] As well as singing, Fanning plays guitar, piano, keyboards and harmonica.[2]
Tea and Sympathy
This album was recorded in 2005 while Powderfinger were having a break. Ten of the songs were recorded at Peter Gabriel's Real World studios atBath, Somerset.[3] The other four tracks where recorded in Brisbane. All the songs were written by Bernard Fanning. Other musicians on the album are John Bedggood, John Marotta, Keith Duffy, Duane Billing, Matt Englebrecht, Chris Bosely, Tchad Blake, Ben Quinn and Stu Miller.[3]
Tracks
"Thrill is Gone"
"Wish You Well"
"Not Finished Just Yet"
"Songbird"
"Believe"
"Which Way Home"
"Wash Me Clean"
"Hope and Validation"
"Sleeping Rough"
"The Strangest Thing"
"Further Down the Road"
"Down to the River"
"Yesterday's Gone"
"Watch Over Me"
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Bernard Fanning". Moldova. Retrieved 2009-11-16.[permanent dead link]
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Bernard Fanning". Dig Music. ABC. Archived from the original on 2009-07-14. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
↑ 3.0 3.1 "Bernard Fanning Biography". Bernard Fanning Official Website. Archived from the original on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bernard Fanning.
The Bernard Fanning website
|
783,268 | Surrender_of_Japan | Surrender of Japan | 8,405,888 | Japanese [foreign affairs minister](/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan) "Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)") Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Japanese Instrument of Surrender aboard the USS *Missouri* as General Richard K. Sutherland watches, September 2, 1945
The **surrender of Imperial Japan** was announced by Japanese Emperor [Hirohito](/wiki/Hirohito "Hirohito") on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945. This ended [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II "World War II").
By the end of July 1945, the [Imperial Japanese Navy](/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy "Imperial Japanese Navy") (IJN) was not able to carry major operations and an [Allied invasion](/wiki/Operation_Downfall "Operation Downfall") of Japan was near.
Together with the [British Empire](/wiki/British_Empire "British Empire") and [China](/wiki/China "China"), the [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States") called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the [Potsdam Declaration](/wiki/Potsdam_Declaration "Potsdam Declaration") on July 26, 1945.
A key factor in Japan's surrender were the [atomic bombings](/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki") of [Hiroshima](/wiki/Hiroshima "Hiroshima") and [Nagasaki](/wiki/Nagasaki "Nagasaki").[[1]](#cite_note-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi (August 1, 2007). ["The Atomic Bombs and the Soviet Invasion: What Drove Japan's Decision to Surrender?"](http://www.japanfocus.org/-Tsuyoshi-Hasegawa/2501/article.html). *The Asia-Pacific Journal*. **5** (8). – Article ID 2501 – [PDF](https://apjjf.org/-Tsuyoshi-Hasegawa/2501/article.pdf)
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [Japan](/wiki/Category:Japan_stubs "Category:Japan stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surrender_of_Japan&action=edit)*. | Japanese foreign affairs minister Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Japanese Instrument of Surrender aboard the USS Missouri as General Richard K. Sutherland watches, September 2, 1945
The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced by Japanese Emperor Hirohito on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945. This ended World War II.
By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) was not able to carry major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was near.
Together with the British Empire and China, the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945.
A key factor in Japan's surrender were the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.[1]
References
↑ Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi (August 1, 2007). "The Atomic Bombs and the Soviet Invasion: What Drove Japan's Decision to Surrender?". The Asia-Pacific Journal. 5 (8). – Article ID 2501 – PDF
This short article about Japan can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
686,308 | Twenty-One_Pilots | Twenty-One Pilots | 6,481,210 | Redirect to:
* [Twenty One Pilots](/wiki/Twenty_One_Pilots "Twenty One Pilots") | Redirect to:
Twenty One Pilots
|
140,205 | Lampard | Lampard | 1,154,192 | Redirect to:
* [Frank Lampard](/wiki/Frank_Lampard "Frank Lampard") | Redirect to:
Frank Lampard
|
778,670 | Zopto | Zopto | 9,019,324 | Zopto| Type | Private |
| Industry | Software tools, marketing |
| Founder | Andrei Breaz[[1]](#cite_note-1) |
| Headquarters | LondonNew York |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Website | [zopto.com](https://zopto.com) |
**Zopto** is a British software company established in 2018 with an additional office located in [Manhattan](/wiki/Manhattan "Manhattan"), USA.[[2]](#cite_note-2)[[3]](#cite_note-3)
It is a cloud-based set of software tools that is mainly used by B2B businesses to send automatic messages and information over the LinkedIn network.[[4]](#cite_note-4) It has been used by companies like Accenture, [Zoom](/wiki/Zoom_(software) "Zoom (software)"), [IBM](/wiki/IBM "IBM") etc.[[5]](#cite_note-5)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Zopto: LinkedIn Automation Platform"](https://www.thestartupinc.com/startup/zopto/). *The Startup INC*. 31 January 2019.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Channels That Can Still Drive Leads During A Crisis"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200811011403/https://www.b2bnn.com/2020/03/channels-that-can-still-drive-leads-during-a-crisis/). *B2B News Network*. 27 March 2020. Archived from [the original](https://www.b2bnn.com/2020/03/channels-that-can-still-drive-leads-during-a-crisis/) on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) Sulianta, Feri (2013). [*Web Marketing*](https://books.google.com/books?id=DH9cDwAAQBAJ&dq=zopto&pg=PA148) (in Indonesian). Elex Media Komputindo. p. 148. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-602-04-4321-8](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-602-04-4321-8 "Special:BookSources/978-602-04-4321-8").
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["New Sales Software to Try in 2020"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200602180227/http://www.saasgenius.com/blog/new-sales-software-try-2020). *SaasGenius*. 26 March 2020. Archived from [the original](http://www.saasgenius.com/blog/new-sales-software-try-2020) on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) ["Three B2B Lead Generation Tactics to Try in 2020"](https://performancein.com/news/2020/02/25/three-b2b-lead-generation-tactics-try-2020/). *PerformanceIN*. 25 February 2020.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about the [United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:United_Kingdom_stubs "Category:United Kingdom stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zopto&action=edit)*. | Zopto| Type | Private |
| Industry | Software tools, marketing |
| Founder | Andrei Breaz[1] |
| Headquarters | LondonNew York |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Website | zopto.com |
Zopto is a British software company established in 2018 with an additional office located in Manhattan, USA.[2][3]
It is a cloud-based set of software tools that is mainly used by B2B businesses to send automatic messages and information over the LinkedIn network.[4] It has been used by companies like Accenture, Zoom, IBM etc.[5]
References
↑ "Zopto: LinkedIn Automation Platform". The Startup INC. 31 January 2019.
↑ "Channels That Can Still Drive Leads During A Crisis". B2B News Network. 27 March 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
↑ Sulianta, Feri (2013). Web Marketing (in Indonesian). Elex Media Komputindo. p. 148. ISBN 978-602-04-4321-8.
↑ "New Sales Software to Try in 2020". SaasGenius. 26 March 2020. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
↑ "Three B2B Lead Generation Tactics to Try in 2020". PerformanceIN. 25 February 2020.
This short article about the United Kingdom can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
116,465 | Defender | Defender | 5,243,635 | The [Simple English Wiktionary](/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_English_Wiktionary "Wikipedia:Simple English Wiktionary") has a [definition](/wiki/Definition "Definition") for:
***[defender](https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/defender "wikt:defender")***.
A **defender** is usually somebody who participates in a legal [defense (legal)](/wiki/Defense_(legal) "Defense (legal)").
**Defender** can also refer to:
* [Defender (football)](/wiki/Defender_(football) "Defender (football)"), a position in association football (soccer)
* [Defendant](/wiki/Defendant "Defendant"), in Scots law for civil cases
* Public defender, in American law
* [Windows Defender](/wiki/Windows_Defender "Windows Defender"), an anti-spyware technology
## Related pages
* [All pages beginning with Defender](/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Defender "Special:PrefixIndex/Defender")
* [Defenceman](/wiki/Defenceman "Defenceman")
* [Defender of the Faith](/wiki/Defender_of_the_Faith "Defender of the Faith")
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | This [disambiguation](/wiki/Help:Disambiguation "Help:Disambiguation") page lists articles associated with the title **Defender**. If an [internal link](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Defender&namespace=0) led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. | | The Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for:
defender.
A defender is usually somebody who participates in a legal defense (legal).
Defender can also refer to:
Defender (football), a position in association football (soccer)
Defendant, in Scots law for civil cases
Public defender, in American law
Windows Defender, an anti-spyware technology
Related pages
All pages beginning with Defender
Defenceman
Defender of the Faith
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Defender. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. | |
232,495 | IPad | IPad | 9,007,792 | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article **needs to be [updated](/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_updated "Category:Articles to be updated")**. You can help Wikipedia by [updating it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IPad&action=edit). *(February 2020)* |
iPad| |
| Developer | [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.") |
| Manufacturer |
* [Foxconn](/wiki/Foxconn "Foxconn") (on contract)[[1]](#cite_note-1)[[2]](#cite_note-2)
* Pegatron[[3]](#cite_note-3)[[4]](#cite_note-4)
|
| Type | [Tablet computer](/wiki/Tablet_computer "Tablet computer") |
| Release date |
Depends on model
* **[Core (1st gen)](/wiki/IPad_(1st_generation) "IPad (1st generation)")**: April 3, 2010 (2010-04-03)
* **Core (2nd gen)**: March 11, 2011 (2011-03-11)
* **[Core (3rd gen)](/wiki/IPad_(3rd_generation) "IPad (3rd generation)")**: March 16, 2012 (2012-03-16)
* **[Core (4th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(4th_generation) "IPad (4th generation)")**: November 2, 2012 (2012-11-02)
* **Core (5th gen)**: March 24, 2017 (2017-03-24)
* **[Core (6th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(6th_generation) "IPad (6th generation)")**: March 27, 2018 (2018-03-27)
* **[Core (7th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(7th_generation) "IPad (7th generation)")**: September 25, 2019 (2019-09-25)
* **[Core (8th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(8th_generation) "IPad (8th generation)")**: September 18, 2020 (2020-09-18)
* **[Core (9th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(9th_generation) "IPad (9th generation)")**: September 24, 2021 (2021-09-24)
* **Air (1st gen)**: November 1, 2013 (2013-11-01)
* **Air (2nd gen)**: October 22, 2014 (2014-10-22)
* **Air (3rd gen)**: March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* **Air (4th gen)**: October 23, 2020 (2020-10-23)
* **Air (5th gen)**: March 18, 2022 (2022-03-18)
* **[Mini (1st gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(1st_generation) "IPad Mini (1st generation)")**: November 2, 2012 (2012-11-02)
* **[Mini (2nd gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(2nd_generation) "IPad Mini (2nd generation)")**: November 12, 2013 (2013-11-12)
* **Mini (3rd gen)**: October 22, 2014 (2014-10-22)
* **Mini (4th gen)**: September 9, 2015 (2015-09-09)
* **[Mini (5th gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(5th_generation) "IPad Mini (5th generation)")**: March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* **[Mini (6th gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(6th_generation) "IPad Mini (6th generation)")**: September 24, 2021 (2021-09-24)
* **Pro (1st gen)**: November 11, 2015 (2015-11-11)
* **Pro (2nd gen)**: June 13, 2017 (2017-06-13)
* **Pro (3rd gen)**: November 7, 2018 (2018-11-07)
* **Pro (4th gen)**: March 25, 2020 (2020-03-25)
* **Pro (5th gen)**: May 21, 2021 (2021-05-21)
|
| Discontinued |
Depends on model
* **[Core (1st gen)](/wiki/IPad_(1st_generation) "IPad (1st generation)")**: March 2, 2011 (2011-03-02)
* **Core (2nd gen)**: March 18, 2014 (2014-03-18)
* **[Core (3rd gen)](/wiki/IPad_(3rd_generation) "IPad (3rd generation)")**: October 23, 2012 (2012-10-23)
* **[Core (4th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(4th_generation) "IPad (4th generation)")**: October 16, 2014 (2014-10-16)
* **Core (5th gen)**: March 27, 2018 (2018-03-27)
* **[Core (6th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(6th_generation) "IPad (6th generation)")**: September 10, 2019 (2019-09-10)
* **[Core (7th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(7th_generation) "IPad (7th generation)")**: September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
* **[Core (8th gen)](/wiki/IPad_(8th_generation) "IPad (8th generation)")**: September 14, 2021 (2021-09-14)
* **Air (1st gen)**: March 21, 2016 (2016-03-21)
* **Air (2nd gen)**: March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
* **Air (3rd gen)**: September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
* **Air (4th gen)**: March 8, 2022 (2022-03-08)
* **[Mini (1st gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(1st_generation) "IPad Mini (1st generation)")**: June 19, 2015 (2015-06-19)
* **[Mini (2nd gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(2nd_generation) "IPad Mini (2nd generation)")**: March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
* **Mini (3rd gen)**: September 9, 2015 (2015-09-09)
* **Mini (4th gen)**: March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* **[Mini (5th gen)](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(5th_generation) "IPad Mini (5th generation)")**: September 14, 2021 (2021-09-14)
* **Pro (1st gen)**: June 5, 2017 (2017-06-05)
* **Pro (2nd gen)**: March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* **Pro (3rd gen)**: March 18, 2020 (2020-03-18)
* **Pro (4th gen)**: April 20, 2021 (2021-04-20)
|
| Units sold | 500 million (as of 2020)[[5]](#cite_note-500m_ipads-5) |
| [Operating system](/wiki/Operating_system "Operating system") | [iOS](/wiki/IOS "IOS") (2010–2019)[[6]](#cite_note-Verge1-6)[iPadOS](/wiki/IPadOS "IPadOS") (2019–present)[[6]](#cite_note-Verge1-6) |
| Connectivity | WiFi and cellular |
| Online services |
* [iTunes Store](/wiki/ITunes_Store "ITunes Store")
* [App Store](/wiki/App_Store_(iOS) "App Store (iOS)")
* [iCloud](/wiki/ICloud "ICloud")
* Apple Books
* Podcasts
* [Apple Music](/wiki/Apple_Music "Apple Music")
* Apple Wallet[[7]](#cite_note-Apple_services-7)
|
| Related articles | [iPhone](/wiki/IPhone "IPhone"), [iPod Touch](/wiki/IPod_Touch "IPod Touch") (Comparison) |
| Website | [apple.com/ipad](https://www.apple.com/ipad/) |
The **iPad** is a small tablet computer made by [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.") Apple first showed it on January 27, 2010. It is larger than a [smartphone](/wiki/Smartphone "Smartphone") and smaller than a [laptop computer](/wiki/Laptop_computer "Laptop computer"). It has a multiple touch interface (use two or more fingers to do certain things). It is different than a laptop in that it doesn't have a [keyboard](/wiki/Keyboard_(computer) "Keyboard (computer)"). Instead, it has a "virtual keyboard" using the touch screen, and a physical keyboard can be added. It doesn't have [Adobe Flash](/wiki/Adobe_Flash "Adobe Flash"). This keeps it from crashing, but some websites will not display correctly. Until [iOS 9](/wiki/IOS_9 "IOS 9"), also you cannot have multiple windows open at the same time and drag and drop things between them.
Apple made an early version of a tablet computer in 1993 called the Newton MessagePad. It had similar functions to the [iPhone](/wiki/IPhone "IPhone"), [iPod Touch](/wiki/IPod_Touch "IPod Touch") and iPad except it didn't have advanced things like the internet or a voice program. Apple stopped making Newtons in 1998.
Apple re-entered the mobile device market in 2007 when the iPhone was released. Some of the iPhone's features are based on the Newton.
By the end of 2009, rumors about the iPad had been around for several years, and on January 27, 2010 Steve Jobs announced the iPad. It was not the first tablet to be sold, but it was the first one to sell in large numbers. It also was the first one that was controlled almost entirely by fingers touching the screen. Many of the earlier tablets (and PDAs, or [personal digital assistants](/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant "Personal digital assistant")) used a lot of buttons or a [stylus](/wiki/Pen "Pen") to control the tablet.
The [first generation iPad](/wiki/IPad_(1st_generation) "IPad (1st generation)") was able to be bought in the United States in April 2010 and most of the rest of the world within several months.
As of 2021, Apple sold more than 425 million iPads.[[8]](#cite_note-8)
## Later models
Frontside of the iPad and iPad Pro
Backside of the iPad and iPad Pro
Apple announced the [iPad 2](/wiki/IPad_2 "IPad 2") on March 2, 2011 and it was released on March 11, 2011. It had a new sleeker design and had a front and back video camera. It was also a lot thinner and had curved edges because people were complaining that the first gen iPad made their hands sore.
On March 16, 2012 Apple released the [iPad 3](/wiki/IPad_(third_generation) "IPad (third generation)"). It kept the iPad 2's design but was slightly thicker and was the first iPad to have a retina screen for a sharper picture. It has 50% more pixels than a standard HDTV screen.
On November 2, 2012, Apple released the [iPad 4](/wiki/IPad_(fourth_generation) "IPad (fourth generation)") which featured an A6 processor, a new connector called Lightning which replaces the old 30 pin dock connector, and an updated FaceTime camera. They also released a new iPad called the [iPad Mini](/wiki/IPad_Mini "IPad Mini") which featured a 7.9 inch screen instead of the normal 9.7 inch screen, though it didn't have a retina display.[[9]](#cite_note-9)
On October 22, 2013, the new [iPad Air](/wiki/IPad_Air "IPad Air") was announced which looked like the iPad Mini but still had the full size screen. It also had the newer A7 processor that the [iPhone 5s](/wiki/IPhone "IPhone") had. At the same time, a [new version of the iPad mini](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(second_generation) "IPad Mini (second generation)") was announced that had the better Retina display.
On October 16, 2014, the [iPad Air 2](/wiki/IPad_Air_2 "IPad Air 2") was announced along with the iPad Mini 3. The iPad Air 2 has a thinner design than the iPad Air and has new features, such as a better camera and a Touch ID fingerprint reader. The iPad Mini 3 has the same design as the [iPad Mini 2](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(2nd_generation) "IPad Mini (2nd generation)"), but has a better camera and also has the Touch ID fingerprint reader that the iPad Air 2 has.
On September 9, 2015, Apple announced a new version of the iPad, the [iPad Pro](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/). It comes with either a 12.9 inch and a 9.7 inch screen and the A9X processor. Apple made a hardware [keyboard](/wiki/Keyboard_(computer) "Keyboard (computer)") that plugs into its side, and a [stylus](/wiki/Stylus "Stylus") pen, the Apple Pencil, that can be used to draw on the screen as if it was a piece of paper.
On October 30, 2018, Apple announced the new update to their iPad Pro line. The update showcased the thinnest iPad ever, at 5.7mm thin, an improved processor, dubbed the A12X processor, a larger screen (12.9-in and 11-in), and [Face ID](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/) support. The screen uses Apple's all new liquid LED technology, first seen in the 2018 released [iPhone XR](/wiki/IPhone_XR "IPhone XR"). The new iPad Pro's also came with a slew of accessories, including a brand new [Smart Keyboard](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/), [Apple Pencil](/wiki/Apple_Pencil "Apple Pencil") (2nd generation), and multiple cases. Apple also changed the charging system from their long used Lighting connector, for a [USB-C](/wiki/USB-C "USB-C") charger. Apple's new iPad Pro line come in two sizes.
On September 14, 2021, Apple announced the new update to their [iPad mini](/wiki/IPad_Mini_(6th_generation) "IPad Mini (6th generation)") line. The update showcased shows redesigned tablet just like iPad Air (4th generation). The iPad mini has new 8.3-in display and have [Touch ID](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/) in power button like iPad Air (4th generation) and [Apple Pencil](/wiki/Apple_Pencil "Apple Pencil") (2nd generation) support.
On March 8, 2022, Apple announced the new update to their [iPad Air](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/) line. The update showcased shows same design as iPad Air (4th veneration) in 2020 but there flew changes like new camera now 12 MP front and 12 MP rear with Center stage and new M1 chip like [iPad Pro (5th generation)](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/). There is new color five available: Blue, Purple, Starlight, Space Grey, and Pink.
Apple announced the [sixth-generation iPad Pro](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/) and [10th-generation iPad](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/) on October 18, 2022, with both to be available October 26. The new iPad Pro features Apple's M2 processor, the same one used in the company's most recent Macs. The largest changes, however, came to the base iPad line.[[10]](#cite_note-10) First, the new iPad has a 10.9-inch screen, the same size as that found in the current iPad Air. It also replaces the Lightning connector with USB-C, and removes the Home button, replacing it with Touch ID as part of the power button (the same setup used in the current Air). Perhaps the biggest change is in camera placement. The 10th-generation iPad is the first model in the iPad range with its front-facing camera on the device's long edge. Despite having a USB-C port, it lacks support for the second-generation Apple Pencil. The first-generation Apple Pencil, which is supported, cannot be charged directly from a 10th-generation iPad because that Pencil has only the Lightning connector. All new shipments of the first-generation Pencil include a Lightning-to-USB-C adapter to allow charging from a 10th-generation iPad. The 9th-generation iPad was not immediately discontinued; Apple still sells that model alongside the 10th generation at a lower price.
All iPads, like most of Apple Inc.'s products, are made in [China](/wiki/China "China"), and designed by Apple in [California](/wiki/California "California").
## Timeline of iPod models and related products
Sources: [Apple](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.") press release library,[[11]](#cite_note-ApplePRlib-11) Mactracker Apple Inc. model database[[12]](#cite_note-MactrackerINTEMPLATE-12)
## Related pages
* [Amazon Kindle](/wiki/Amazon_Kindle "Amazon Kindle")
* [Galaxy Tab](/wiki/Galaxy_Tab "Galaxy Tab")
* Microsoft Surface Tablet
* Pixel Slate
## References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[IPad](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IPad "commons:Category:IPad")***.
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Supplier List"](https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple-Supplier-List.pdf) (PDF). *[Apple](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220127191342/https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple-Supplier-List.pdf) (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) Wagner, Wieland (2010-05-28). ["iPad Factory in the Firing Line: Worker Suicides Have Electronics Maker Uneasy in China"](https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/ipad-factory-in-the-firing-line-worker-suicides-have-electronics-maker-uneasy-in-china-a-697296.html). *[Der Spiegel](/wiki/Der_Spiegel "Der Spiegel")*. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [2195-1349](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2195-1349). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211225124833/https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/ipad-factory-in-the-firing-line-worker-suicides-have-electronics-maker-uneasy-in-china-a-697296.html) from the original on December 25, 2021. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-3) Dou, Eva (2013-05-29). ["Apple Shifts Supply Chain Away From Foxconn to Pegatron"](https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323855804578511122734340726.html). *[The Wall Street Journal](/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal "The Wall Street Journal")*. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0099-9660](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131006122228/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323855804578511122734340726.html) from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) Lovejoy, Ben (2015-10-22). ["Majority of iPhone/iPad workers at Pegatron's Shanghai factory exceed 60-hour work limit, claims China Labor Watch"](https://9to5mac.com/2015/10/22/pegatron-iphone-factory-working-hours/). *9to5Mac*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170330012321/https://9to5mac.com/2015/10/22/pegatron-iphone-factory-working-hours/) from the original on March 30, 2017. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-500m_ipads_5-0) ["Apple has sold a total of 500 million iPads in the last 10 years"](https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/09/15/apple-has-sold-a-total-of-500-million-ipads-in-the-last-10-years). *AppleInsider*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220130200317/https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/09/15/apple-has-sold-a-total-of-500-million-ipads-in-the-last-10-years) from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved 2020-09-21.
6. ↑ [6.0](#cite_ref-Verge1_6-0) [6.1](#cite_ref-Verge1_6-1) Byford, Sam (2019-06-04). ["iPadOS should make the iPad a better tablet, but not a laptop"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/4/18652019/ipados-ipad-pro-laptop-replacement-wwdc-2019). *The Verge*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220205023646/https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/4/18652019/ipados-ipad-pro-laptop-replacement-wwdc-2019) from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
7. [↑](#cite_ref-Apple_services_7-0) ["iOS and iPadOS - Feature Availability"](https://www.apple.com/ios/feature-availability/). *[Apple](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220105160123/https://www.apple.com/ios/feature-availability/) from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
8. [↑](#cite_ref-8) Nations, Daniel (2021-03-03). ["How Many iPads Had Been Sold?"](https://www.lifewire.com/how-many-ipads-sold-1994296). *Lifewire*. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
9. [↑](#cite_ref-9) ["iPad Mini review"](http://reviews.cnet.com/ipad-mini/). CNet. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
10. [↑](#cite_ref-10) Pitch, Prod (2023-01-24). ["Apple iPad Pro vs Air 2022 | Which one to Choose? iPad Pro or iPad Air: The Ultimate Comparison"](https://prodpitch.tech/apple-ipad-pro-vs-air-2022/). *ProdPitch*. Retrieved 2023-01-24.
11. [↑](#cite_ref-ApplePRlib_11-0) [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc."), [Apple press release library](https://www.apple.com/pr/library), Retrieved September 19, 2007.
12. [↑](#cite_ref-MactrackerINTEMPLATE_12-0) Mactracker ([mactracker.ca](http://www.mactracker.ca)), [Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.") model database, version as of July 26, 2007.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Apple_Nav "Template:Apple Nav")
* [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Apple_Nav "Template talk:Apple Nav")
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Apple_Nav&action=edit)
[Apple Inc.](/wiki/Apple_Inc. "Apple Inc.") |
| --- |
| [Operating systems](/wiki/Operating_system "Operating system") |
* [Mac OS](/wiki/Mac_OS "Mac OS")
* [macOS](/wiki/MacOS "MacOS")
+ 10.0
+ 10.1
+ 10.2
+ 10.3
+ [10.4](/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger "Mac OS X Tiger")
+ [10.5](/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard "Mac OS X Leopard")
+ [10.6](/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard "Mac OS X Snow Leopard")
+ [10.7](/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Lion "Mac OS X Lion")
+ [10.8](/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion "OS X Mountain Lion")
+ [10.9](/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks "OS X Mavericks")
+ [10.10](/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite "OS X Yosemite")
+ [10.11](/wiki/OS_X_El_Capitan "OS X El Capitan")
+ [10.12](/wiki/MacOS_Sierra "MacOS Sierra")
+ [10.13](/wiki/MacOS_High_Sierra "MacOS High Sierra")
+ [10.14](/wiki/MacOS_Mojave "MacOS Mojave")
+ [10.15](/wiki/MacOS_Catalina "MacOS Catalina")
+ [11](/wiki/MacOS_Big_Sur "MacOS Big Sur")
+ [12](/wiki/MacOS_Monterey "MacOS Monterey")
* [iOS](/wiki/IOS "IOS")
|
| [Software](/wiki/Software "Software") |
* [GarageBand](/wiki/GarageBand "GarageBand")
* [iWork](/wiki/IWork "IWork")
* [Safari](/wiki/Safari_(web_browser) "Safari (web browser)")
* [QuickTime](/wiki/QuickTime "QuickTime")
* [iTunes](/wiki/ITunes "ITunes")
|
| [Computers](/wiki/Computer "Computer") |
* [iBook](/wiki/IBook "IBook")
* [iMac](/wiki/IMac "IMac")
* [MacBook](/wiki/MacBook "MacBook")
+ [Retina](/wiki/MacBook_(Retina) "MacBook (Retina)")
* [MacBook Air](/wiki/MacBook_Air "MacBook Air")
* [MacBook Pro](/wiki/MacBook_Pro "MacBook Pro")
* [Mac Pro](/wiki/Mac_Pro "Mac Pro")
* [Mac Mini](/wiki/Mac_Mini "Mac Mini")
* [Mac Studio](/wiki/Mac_Studio "Mac Studio")
* [PowerBook](/wiki/PowerBook "PowerBook")
|
| [Handhelds](/wiki/Mobile_device "Mobile device") |
* [iPod](/wiki/IPod "IPod")
* [iPod Nano](/wiki/IPod_Nano "IPod Nano")
* [iPod Touch](/wiki/IPod_touch "IPod touch")
* [iPod Shuffle](/wiki/IPod_Shuffle "IPod Shuffle")
* iPad
* [iPhone](/wiki/IPhone "IPhone")
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control"): National |
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/7712886-2)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007581485905171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010009235)
* [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph634646&CON_LNG=ENG)
| | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article needs to be updated. You can help Wikipedia by updating it. (February 2020) |
iPad| |
| Developer | Apple Inc. |
| Manufacturer |
* Foxconn (on contract)[1][2]
* Pegatron[3][4]
|
| Type | Tablet computer |
| Release date |
Depends on model
* Core (1st gen): April 3, 2010 (2010-04-03)
* Core (2nd gen): March 11, 2011 (2011-03-11)
* Core (3rd gen): March 16, 2012 (2012-03-16)
* Core (4th gen): November 2, 2012 (2012-11-02)
* Core (5th gen): March 24, 2017 (2017-03-24)
* Core (6th gen): March 27, 2018 (2018-03-27)
* Core (7th gen): September 25, 2019 (2019-09-25)
* Core (8th gen): September 18, 2020 (2020-09-18)
* Core (9th gen): September 24, 2021 (2021-09-24)
* Air (1st gen): November 1, 2013 (2013-11-01)
* Air (2nd gen): October 22, 2014 (2014-10-22)
* Air (3rd gen): March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* Air (4th gen): October 23, 2020 (2020-10-23)
* Air (5th gen): March 18, 2022 (2022-03-18)
* Mini (1st gen): November 2, 2012 (2012-11-02)
* Mini (2nd gen): November 12, 2013 (2013-11-12)
* Mini (3rd gen): October 22, 2014 (2014-10-22)
* Mini (4th gen): September 9, 2015 (2015-09-09)
* Mini (5th gen): March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* Mini (6th gen): September 24, 2021 (2021-09-24)
* Pro (1st gen): November 11, 2015 (2015-11-11)
* Pro (2nd gen): June 13, 2017 (2017-06-13)
* Pro (3rd gen): November 7, 2018 (2018-11-07)
* Pro (4th gen): March 25, 2020 (2020-03-25)
* Pro (5th gen): May 21, 2021 (2021-05-21)
|
| Discontinued |
Depends on model
* Core (1st gen): March 2, 2011 (2011-03-02)
* Core (2nd gen): March 18, 2014 (2014-03-18)
* Core (3rd gen): October 23, 2012 (2012-10-23)
* Core (4th gen): October 16, 2014 (2014-10-16)
* Core (5th gen): March 27, 2018 (2018-03-27)
* Core (6th gen): September 10, 2019 (2019-09-10)
* Core (7th gen): September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
* Core (8th gen): September 14, 2021 (2021-09-14)
* Air (1st gen): March 21, 2016 (2016-03-21)
* Air (2nd gen): March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
* Air (3rd gen): September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
* Air (4th gen): March 8, 2022 (2022-03-08)
* Mini (1st gen): June 19, 2015 (2015-06-19)
* Mini (2nd gen): March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
* Mini (3rd gen): September 9, 2015 (2015-09-09)
* Mini (4th gen): March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* Mini (5th gen): September 14, 2021 (2021-09-14)
* Pro (1st gen): June 5, 2017 (2017-06-05)
* Pro (2nd gen): March 18, 2019 (2019-03-18)
* Pro (3rd gen): March 18, 2020 (2020-03-18)
* Pro (4th gen): April 20, 2021 (2021-04-20)
|
| Units sold | 500 million (as of 2020)[5] |
| Operating system | iOS (2010–2019)[6]iPadOS (2019–present)[6] |
| Connectivity | WiFi and cellular |
| Online services |
* iTunes Store
* App Store
* iCloud
* Apple Books
* Podcasts
* Apple Music
* Apple Wallet[7]
|
| Related articles | iPhone, iPod Touch (Comparison) |
| Website | apple.com/ipad |
The iPad is a small tablet computer made by Apple Inc. Apple first showed it on January 27, 2010. It is larger than a smartphone and smaller than a laptop computer. It has a multiple touch interface (use two or more fingers to do certain things). It is different than a laptop in that it doesn't have a keyboard. Instead, it has a "virtual keyboard" using the touch screen, and a physical keyboard can be added. It doesn't have Adobe Flash. This keeps it from crashing, but some websites will not display correctly. Until iOS 9, also you cannot have multiple windows open at the same time and drag and drop things between them.
Apple made an early version of a tablet computer in 1993 called the Newton MessagePad. It had similar functions to the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad except it didn't have advanced things like the internet or a voice program. Apple stopped making Newtons in 1998.
Apple re-entered the mobile device market in 2007 when the iPhone was released. Some of the iPhone's features are based on the Newton.
By the end of 2009, rumors about the iPad had been around for several years, and on January 27, 2010 Steve Jobs announced the iPad. It was not the first tablet to be sold, but it was the first one to sell in large numbers. It also was the first one that was controlled almost entirely by fingers touching the screen. Many of the earlier tablets (and PDAs, or personal digital assistants) used a lot of buttons or a stylus to control the tablet.
The first generation iPad was able to be bought in the United States in April 2010 and most of the rest of the world within several months.
As of 2021, Apple sold more than 425 million iPads.[8]
Later models
Frontside of the iPad and iPad Pro
Backside of the iPad and iPad Pro
Apple announced the iPad 2 on March 2, 2011 and it was released on March 11, 2011. It had a new sleeker design and had a front and back video camera. It was also a lot thinner and had curved edges because people were complaining that the first gen iPad made their hands sore.
On March 16, 2012 Apple released the iPad 3. It kept the iPad 2's design but was slightly thicker and was the first iPad to have a retina screen for a sharper picture. It has 50% more pixels than a standard HDTV screen.
On November 2, 2012, Apple released the iPad 4 which featured an A6 processor, a new connector called Lightning which replaces the old 30 pin dock connector, and an updated FaceTime camera. They also released a new iPad called the iPad Mini which featured a 7.9 inch screen instead of the normal 9.7 inch screen, though it didn't have a retina display.[9]
On October 22, 2013, the new iPad Air was announced which looked like the iPad Mini but still had the full size screen. It also had the newer A7 processor that the iPhone 5s had. At the same time, a new version of the iPad mini was announced that had the better Retina display.
On October 16, 2014, the iPad Air 2 was announced along with the iPad Mini 3. The iPad Air 2 has a thinner design than the iPad Air and has new features, such as a better camera and a Touch ID fingerprint reader. The iPad Mini 3 has the same design as the iPad Mini 2, but has a better camera and also has the Touch ID fingerprint reader that the iPad Air 2 has.
On September 9, 2015, Apple announced a new version of the iPad, the iPad Pro. It comes with either a 12.9 inch and a 9.7 inch screen and the A9X processor. Apple made a hardware keyboard that plugs into its side, and a stylus pen, the Apple Pencil, that can be used to draw on the screen as if it was a piece of paper.
On October 30, 2018, Apple announced the new update to their iPad Pro line. The update showcased the thinnest iPad ever, at 5.7mm thin, an improved processor, dubbed the A12X processor, a larger screen (12.9-in and 11-in), and Face ID support. The screen uses Apple's all new liquid LED technology, first seen in the 2018 released iPhone XR. The new iPad Pro's also came with a slew of accessories, including a brand new Smart Keyboard, Apple Pencil (2nd generation), and multiple cases. Apple also changed the charging system from their long used Lighting connector, for a USB-C charger. Apple's new iPad Pro line come in two sizes.
On September 14, 2021, Apple announced the new update to their iPad mini line. The update showcased shows redesigned tablet just like iPad Air (4th generation). The iPad mini has new 8.3-in display and have Touch ID in power button like iPad Air (4th generation) and Apple Pencil (2nd generation) support.
On March 8, 2022, Apple announced the new update to their iPad Air line. The update showcased shows same design as iPad Air (4th veneration) in 2020 but there flew changes like new camera now 12 MP front and 12 MP rear with Center stage and new M1 chip like iPad Pro (5th generation). There is new color five available: Blue, Purple, Starlight, Space Grey, and Pink.
Apple announced the sixth-generation iPad Pro and 10th-generation iPad on October 18, 2022, with both to be available October 26. The new iPad Pro features Apple's M2 processor, the same one used in the company's most recent Macs. The largest changes, however, came to the base iPad line.[10] First, the new iPad has a 10.9-inch screen, the same size as that found in the current iPad Air. It also replaces the Lightning connector with USB-C, and removes the Home button, replacing it with Touch ID as part of the power button (the same setup used in the current Air). Perhaps the biggest change is in camera placement. The 10th-generation iPad is the first model in the iPad range with its front-facing camera on the device's long edge. Despite having a USB-C port, it lacks support for the second-generation Apple Pencil. The first-generation Apple Pencil, which is supported, cannot be charged directly from a 10th-generation iPad because that Pencil has only the Lightning connector. All new shipments of the first-generation Pencil include a Lightning-to-USB-C adapter to allow charging from a 10th-generation iPad. The 9th-generation iPad was not immediately discontinued; Apple still sells that model alongside the 10th generation at a lower price.
All iPads, like most of Apple Inc.'s products, are made in China, and designed by Apple in California.
Timeline of iPod models and related products
Sources: Apple press release library,[11] Mactracker Apple Inc. model database[12]
Related pages
Amazon Kindle
Galaxy Tab
Microsoft Surface Tablet
Pixel Slate
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to IPad.
↑ "Supplier List" (PDF). Apple. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
↑ Wagner, Wieland (2010-05-28). "iPad Factory in the Firing Line: Worker Suicides Have Electronics Maker Uneasy in China". Der Spiegel. ISSN 2195-1349. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
↑ Dou, Eva (2013-05-29). "Apple Shifts Supply Chain Away From Foxconn to Pegatron". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
↑ Lovejoy, Ben (2015-10-22). "Majority of iPhone/iPad workers at Pegatron's Shanghai factory exceed 60-hour work limit, claims China Labor Watch". 9to5Mac. Archived from the original on March 30, 2017. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
↑ "Apple has sold a total of 500 million iPads in the last 10 years". AppleInsider. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved 2020-09-21.
↑ 6.0 6.1 Byford, Sam (2019-06-04). "iPadOS should make the iPad a better tablet, but not a laptop". The Verge. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
↑ "iOS and iPadOS - Feature Availability". Apple. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
↑ Nations, Daniel (2021-03-03). "How Many iPads Had Been Sold?". Lifewire. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
↑ "iPad Mini review". CNet. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
↑ Pitch, Prod (2023-01-24). "Apple iPad Pro vs Air 2022 | Which one to Choose? iPad Pro or iPad Air: The Ultimate Comparison". ProdPitch. Retrieved 2023-01-24.
↑ Apple Inc., Apple press release library, Retrieved September 19, 2007.
↑ Mactracker (mactracker.ca), Apple Inc. model database, version as of July 26, 2007.
| * v
* t
* e
Apple Inc. |
| --- |
| Operating systems |
* Mac OS
* macOS
+ 10.0
+ 10.1
+ 10.2
+ 10.3
+ 10.4
+ 10.5
+ 10.6
+ 10.7
+ 10.8
+ 10.9
+ 10.10
+ 10.11
+ 10.12
+ 10.13
+ 10.14
+ 10.15
+ 11
+ 12
* iOS
|
| Software |
* GarageBand
* iWork
* Safari
* QuickTime
* iTunes
|
| Computers |
* iBook
* iMac
* MacBook
+ Retina
* MacBook Air
* MacBook Pro
* Mac Pro
* Mac Mini
* Mac Studio
* PowerBook
|
| Handhelds |
* iPod
* iPod Nano
* iPod Touch
* iPod Shuffle
* iPad
* iPhone
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Authority control: National |
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Czech Republic
| |
798,424 | Wendessi_tree_frog | Wendessi tree frog | 8,696,381 | | Wendessi tree frog
|
| --- |
| [Conservation status](/wiki/Conservation_status "Conservation status") |
| [Data Deficient](/wiki/Data_Deficient "Data Deficient") ([IUCN 3.1](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List"))[[1]](#cite_note-IUCN-1) |
| [Scientific classification](/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology) "Taxonomy (biology)") |
| Kingdom:
| [Animalia](/wiki/Animal "Animal") |
| Phylum:
| [Chordata](/wiki/Chordate "Chordate") |
| Class:
| [Amphibia](/wiki/Amphibian "Amphibian") |
| Order:
| [Anura](/wiki/Frog "Frog") |
| Family:
| [Pelodryadidae](/wiki/Pelodryadidae "Pelodryadidae") |
| Genus:
| [*Litoria*](/wiki/Litoria "Litoria") |
| Species:
| ***L. longicrus*** |
| [Binomial name](/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature "Binomial nomenclature") |
| ***Litoria longicrus***(Boulenger, 1911) |
| [Synonyms](/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy) "Synonym (taxonomy)") |
| * *Hylella longicrus* Boulenger, 1911
* *Hyla longicrus* Nieden, 1923
* *Litoria longicrus* Tyler, 1971
|
The **Wendessi tree frog** (*Litoria longicrus*) is a large [tree frog](/wiki/Tree_frog "Tree frog") from [New Guinea](/wiki/New_Guinea "New Guinea").[[2]](#cite_note-Amph-2)[[1]](#cite_note-IUCN-1)
## References
1. ↑ [1.0](#cite_ref-IUCN_1-0) [1.1](#cite_ref-IUCN_1-1) Stephen Richards; Djoko Iskandar (2004). ["Litoria longicrus"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/55731/11359050). **2004**. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T55731A11359050. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55731A11359050.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55731A11359050.en). Retrieved October 24, 2020. `{{[cite journal](/wiki/Template:Cite_journal "Template:Cite journal")}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` ([help](/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical "Help:CS1 errors"))
2. [↑](#cite_ref-Amph_2-0) ["Wendessi treefrog: Litoria longicrus"](https://amphibiaweb.org/species/1267). Amphibiaweb. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Taxon identifiers](/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers "Help:Taxon identifiers") |
* [Wikidata](/wiki/Wikidata "Wikidata"): [Q742386](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742386 "wikidata:Q742386")
* [Wikispecies](/wiki/Wikispecies "Wikispecies"): [Litoria longicrus](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Litoria_longicrus "wikispecies:Litoria longicrus")
* [ADW](/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web "Animal Diversity Web"): [Litoria\_longicrus](https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Litoria_longicrus/)
* [AmphibiaWeb](/wiki/AmphibiaWeb "AmphibiaWeb"): [1267](https://amphibiaweb.org/species/1267)
* [ASW](/wiki/Amphibian_Species_of_the_World "Amphibian Species of the World"): [Litoria-longicrus](https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Pelodryadidae/Litoriinae/Litoria/Litoria-longicrus)
* BioLib: [133427](https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id133427)
* [EoL](/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life "Encyclopedia of Life"): [331946](https://eol.org/pages/331946)
* [GBIF](/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility "Global Biodiversity Information Facility"): [2427912](https://www.gbif.org/species/2427912)
* [iNaturalist](/wiki/INaturalist "INaturalist"): [23558](https://inaturalist.org/taxa/23558)
* [IRMNG](/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera "Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera"): [10601094](https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10601094)
* [ITIS](/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System "Integrated Taxonomic Information System"): [662919](https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=662919)
* [IUCN](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List"): [55731](https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/55731)
* uBio: [4802771](http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=4802771)
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [biology](/wiki/Category:Biology_stubs "Category:Biology stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wendessi_tree_frog&action=edit)*. | | Wendessi tree frog
|
| --- |
| Conservation status |
| Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1)[1] |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom:
| Animalia |
| Phylum:
| Chordata |
| Class:
| Amphibia |
| Order:
| Anura |
| Family:
| Pelodryadidae |
| Genus:
| Litoria |
| Species:
| L. longicrus |
| Binomial name |
| Litoria longicrus(Boulenger, 1911) |
| Synonyms |
| * Hylella longicrus Boulenger, 1911
* Hyla longicrus Nieden, 1923
* Litoria longicrus Tyler, 1971
|
The Wendessi tree frog (Litoria longicrus) is a large tree frog from New Guinea.[2][1]
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 Stephen Richards; Djoko Iskandar (2004). "Litoria longicrus". 2004. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T55731A11359050. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55731A11359050.en. Retrieved October 24, 2020. {{[cite journal](/wiki/Template:Cite_journal "Template:Cite journal")}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
↑ "Wendessi treefrog: Litoria longicrus". Amphibiaweb. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Taxon identifiers |
* Wikidata: Q742386
* Wikispecies: Litoria longicrus
* ADW: Litoria_longicrus
* AmphibiaWeb: 1267
* ASW: Litoria-longicrus
* BioLib: 133427
* EoL: 331946
* GBIF: 2427912
* iNaturalist: 23558
* IRMNG: 10601094
* ITIS: 662919
* IUCN: 55731
* uBio: 4802771
|
This short article about biology can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
829,952 | Mergozzo | Mergozzo | 9,059,262 | Mergozzo
**Mergozzo** is a *[comune](/wiki/Comune "Comune")* in the [Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola](/wiki/Province_of_Verbano-Cusio-Ossola "Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola") in the [Italian](/wiki/Italy "Italy") region of [Piedmont](/wiki/Piedmont "Piedmont").
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Province_of_Verbano-Cusio-Ossola "Template:Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Province_of_Verbano-Cusio-Ossola&action=edit)
[Piedmont](/wiki/Piedmont "Piedmont") · *[Comuni](/wiki/Comune "Comune")* of the [Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola](/wiki/Province_of_Verbano-Cusio-Ossola "Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola") |
| --- |
|
* [Antrona Schieranco](/wiki/Antrona_Schieranco "Antrona Schieranco")
* [Anzola d'Ossola](/wiki/Anzola_d%27Ossola "Anzola d'Ossola")
* [Arizzano](/wiki/Arizzano "Arizzano")
* [Arola](/wiki/Arola "Arola")
* [Aurano](/wiki/Aurano "Aurano")
* [Baceno](/wiki/Baceno "Baceno")
* [Bannio Anzino](/wiki/Bannio_Anzino "Bannio Anzino")
* [Baveno](/wiki/Baveno "Baveno")
* [Bee](/wiki/Bee,_Piedmont "Bee, Piedmont")
* [Belgirate](/wiki/Belgirate "Belgirate")
* [Beura-Cardezza](/wiki/Beura-Cardezza "Beura-Cardezza")
* [Bognanco](/wiki/Bognanco "Bognanco")
* [Borgomezzavalle](/wiki/Borgomezzavalle "Borgomezzavalle")
* [Brovello-Carpugnino](/wiki/Brovello-Carpugnino "Brovello-Carpugnino")
* [Calasca-Castiglione](/wiki/Calasca-Castiglione "Calasca-Castiglione")
* [Cambiasca](/wiki/Cambiasca "Cambiasca")
* [Cannero Riviera](/wiki/Cannero_Riviera "Cannero Riviera")
* [Cannobio](/wiki/Cannobio "Cannobio")
* [Caprezzo](/wiki/Caprezzo "Caprezzo")
* [Casale Corte Cerro](/wiki/Casale_Corte_Cerro "Casale Corte Cerro")
* [Ceppo Morelli](/wiki/Ceppo_Morelli "Ceppo Morelli")
* [Cesara](/wiki/Cesara "Cesara")
* [Cossogno](/wiki/Cossogno "Cossogno")
* [Craveggia](/wiki/Craveggia "Craveggia")
* [Crevoladossola](/wiki/Crevoladossola "Crevoladossola")
* [Crodo](/wiki/Crodo "Crodo")
* [Domodossola](/wiki/Domodossola "Domodossola")
* [Druogno](/wiki/Druogno "Druogno")
* [Formazza](/wiki/Formazza "Formazza")
* [Germagno](/wiki/Germagno "Germagno")
* [Ghiffa](/wiki/Ghiffa "Ghiffa")
* [Gignese](/wiki/Gignese "Gignese")
* [Gravellona Toce](/wiki/Gravellona_Toce "Gravellona Toce")
* [Gurro](/wiki/Gurro "Gurro")
* [Intragna](/wiki/Intragna,_Piedmont "Intragna, Piedmont")
* [Loreglia](/wiki/Loreglia "Loreglia")
* [Macugnaga](/wiki/Macugnaga "Macugnaga")
* [Madonna del Sasso](/wiki/Madonna_del_Sasso "Madonna del Sasso")
* [Malesco](/wiki/Malesco "Malesco")
* [Masera](/wiki/Masera "Masera")
* [Massiola](/wiki/Massiola "Massiola")
* Mergozzo
* [Miazzina](/wiki/Miazzina "Miazzina")
* [Montecrestese](/wiki/Montecrestese "Montecrestese")
* [Montescheno](/wiki/Montescheno "Montescheno")
* [Nonio](/wiki/Nonio "Nonio")
* [Oggebbio](/wiki/Oggebbio "Oggebbio")
* [Omegna](/wiki/Omegna "Omegna")
* [Ornavasso](/wiki/Ornavasso "Ornavasso")
* [Pallanzeno](/wiki/Pallanzeno "Pallanzeno")
* [Piedimulera](/wiki/Piedimulera "Piedimulera")
* [Pieve Vergonte](/wiki/Pieve_Vergonte "Pieve Vergonte")
* [Premeno](/wiki/Premeno "Premeno")
* [Premia](/wiki/Premia "Premia")
* [Premosello-Chiovenda](/wiki/Premosello-Chiovenda "Premosello-Chiovenda")
* [Quarna Sopra](/wiki/Quarna_Sopra "Quarna Sopra")
* [Quarna Sotto](/wiki/Quarna_Sotto "Quarna Sotto")
* [Re](/wiki/Re,_Piedmont "Re, Piedmont")
* [San Bernardino Verbano](/wiki/San_Bernardino_Verbano "San Bernardino Verbano")
* [Santa Maria Maggiore](/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore,_Piedmont "Santa Maria Maggiore, Piedmont")
* [Stresa](/wiki/Stresa "Stresa")
* [Toceno](/wiki/Toceno "Toceno")
* [Trarego Viggiona](/wiki/Trarego_Viggiona "Trarego Viggiona")
* [Trasquera](/wiki/Trasquera "Trasquera")
* [Trontano](/wiki/Trontano "Trontano")
* [Valle Cannobina](/wiki/Valle_Cannobina "Valle Cannobina")
* [Valstrona](/wiki/Valstrona "Valstrona")
* [Vanzone con San Carlo](/wiki/Vanzone_con_San_Carlo "Vanzone con San Carlo")
* [Varzo](/wiki/Varzo "Varzo")
* [Verbania](/wiki/Verbania "Verbania")
* [Vignone](/wiki/Vignone "Vignone")
* [Villadossola](/wiki/Villadossola "Villadossola")
* [Villette](/wiki/Villette,_Piedmont "Villette, Piedmont")
* [Vogogna](/wiki/Vogogna "Vogogna")
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [Europe](/wiki/Category:Europe_stubs "Category:Europe stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mergozzo&action=edit)*. | Mergozzo
Mergozzo is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.
| * v
* t
* e
Piedmont · Comuni of the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola |
| --- |
|
* Antrona Schieranco
* Anzola d'Ossola
* Arizzano
* Arola
* Aurano
* Baceno
* Bannio Anzino
* Baveno
* Bee
* Belgirate
* Beura-Cardezza
* Bognanco
* Borgomezzavalle
* Brovello-Carpugnino
* Calasca-Castiglione
* Cambiasca
* Cannero Riviera
* Cannobio
* Caprezzo
* Casale Corte Cerro
* Ceppo Morelli
* Cesara
* Cossogno
* Craveggia
* Crevoladossola
* Crodo
* Domodossola
* Druogno
* Formazza
* Germagno
* Ghiffa
* Gignese
* Gravellona Toce
* Gurro
* Intragna
* Loreglia
* Macugnaga
* Madonna del Sasso
* Malesco
* Masera
* Massiola
* Mergozzo
* Miazzina
* Montecrestese
* Montescheno
* Nonio
* Oggebbio
* Omegna
* Ornavasso
* Pallanzeno
* Piedimulera
* Pieve Vergonte
* Premeno
* Premia
* Premosello-Chiovenda
* Quarna Sopra
* Quarna Sotto
* Re
* San Bernardino Verbano
* Santa Maria Maggiore
* Stresa
* Toceno
* Trarego Viggiona
* Trasquera
* Trontano
* Valle Cannobina
* Valstrona
* Vanzone con San Carlo
* Varzo
* Verbania
* Vignone
* Villadossola
* Villette
* Vogogna
|
This short article about Europe can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
472,228 | Gay_and_Lesbian_Kingdom_of_the_Coral_Sea_Islands | Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands | 7,088,650 | | Gay & Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands[Micronation](/wiki/Micronation "Micronation") |
| --- |
| 2004–2017 |
|
Flag |
| **Anthem:** I Am What I Am |
| Location | [Coral Sea Islands](/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands "Coral Sea Islands") |
| Official languages | English |
| Membership | [LGBT](/wiki/LGBT "LGBT") people |
| Organizational structure | [Constitutional monarchy](/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy "Constitutional monarchy") |
| |
| • Emperor | Dale Anderson I |
| |
| History | |
| |
| • Established | 2 January 2004 |
| • Disestablished | 17 November 2017 |
| |
| Purported currency | The Pink Dollar |
The **Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands** was a [micronation](/wiki/Micronation "Micronation") created as a symbolic political protest by a group of [gay rights](/wiki/Gay_rights "Gay rights") activists based in southeast [Queensland](/wiki/Queensland "Queensland"), Australia. Declared in 2004 in response to the Australian government's refusal to recognise [same-sex marriages](/wiki/Same-sex_marriage "Same-sex marriage"). It is near the islets on the [Great Barrier Reef](/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef "Great Barrier Reef").[[1]](#cite_note-Telegraph-1) It is an expression of queer nationalism.
As of 17 November 2017, the Kingdom was dissolved, per the decision made by the Australian people to legalize gay marriage.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-Telegraph_1-0) Nick Squires (4 May 2010). ["The world's micronations unite to demand recognition"](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/7673696/Wacky-world-of-micronations-unite-to-demand-recognition.html). *The Daily Telegraph*. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) [*Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands*](https://www.facebook.com/glkgov/posts/1949280138658104), Facebook, 17 November 2017, retrieved 17 November 2017
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature](/wiki/Category:Geography_stubs "Category:Geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gay_and_Lesbian_Kingdom_of_the_Coral_Sea_Islands&action=edit)*. | | Gay & Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea IslandsMicronation |
| --- |
| 2004–2017 |
|
Flag |
| Anthem: I Am What I Am |
| Location | Coral Sea Islands |
| Official languages | English |
| Membership | LGBT people |
| Organizational structure | Constitutional monarchy |
| |
| • Emperor | Dale Anderson I |
| |
| History | |
| |
| • Established | 2 January 2004 |
| • Disestablished | 17 November 2017 |
| |
| Purported currency | The Pink Dollar |
The Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands was a micronation created as a symbolic political protest by a group of gay rights activists based in southeast Queensland, Australia. Declared in 2004 in response to the Australian government's refusal to recognise same-sex marriages. It is near the islets on the Great Barrier Reef.[1] It is an expression of queer nationalism.
As of 17 November 2017, the Kingdom was dissolved, per the decision made by the Australian people to legalize gay marriage.[2]
References
↑ Nick Squires (4 May 2010). "The world's micronations unite to demand recognition". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
↑ Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands, Facebook, 17 November 2017, retrieved 17 November 2017
This short article about a place or feature can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
384,639 | Notting_Hill | Notting Hill | 5,258,538 | **Notting Hill** is an area of central [London](/wiki/London "London") west of [Westminster](/wiki/Westminster "Westminster"). It is known for its [carnival](/wiki/Carnival "Carnival") each [August](/wiki/August "August"), and for a [movie](/wiki/Notting_Hill_(movie) "Notting Hill (movie)") set in the Portobello Road [market](/wiki/Market "Market") starring [Julia Roberts](/wiki/Julia_Roberts "Julia Roberts") and [Hugh Grant](/wiki/Hugh_Grant "Hugh Grant"). The [London Underground](/wiki/London_Underground "London Underground") station Notting Hill Gate is on the [Central line](/wiki/Central_line "Central line") between Holland Park and Queensway.
## Gallery
* Notting Hill Carnival 2014
* Notting Hill Carnival 2014
* Notting Hill Carnival 2014
* Notting Hill Carnival 2013
* Notting Hill Carnival 2014
* Notting Hill Carnival 2014
## Related pages
* [Kensington](/wiki/Kensington "Kensington")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about the [United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:United_Kingdom_stubs "Category:United Kingdom stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Notting_Hill&action=edit)*. | Notting Hill is an area of central London west of Westminster. It is known for its carnival each August, and for a movie set in the Portobello Road market starring Julia Roberts and Hugh Grant. The London Underground station Notting Hill Gate is on the Central line between Holland Park and Queensway.
Gallery
Notting Hill Carnival 2014
Notting Hill Carnival 2014
Notting Hill Carnival 2014
Notting Hill Carnival 2013
Notting Hill Carnival 2014
Notting Hill Carnival 2014
Related pages
Kensington
This short article about the United Kingdom can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
459,178 | Carla_Anderson_Hills | Carla Anderson Hills | 8,889,058 | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article **relies largely or entirely on a [single source](/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources "Wikipedia:Reliable sources")**. Please help [improve this article](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carla_Anderson_Hills&action=edit) by introducing appropriate [citations](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources "Wikipedia:Citing sources") of additional sources. *(June 2023)* |
| Carla Anderson Hills |
| --- |
| |
| |
| Chair of the [Council on Foreign Relations](/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations "Council on Foreign Relations") |
| **In office**June 30, 2007 – July 1, 2017Serving with [Robert Rubin](/wiki/Robert_Rubin "Robert Rubin") |
| President | Richard Haass |
| Preceded by | [Peter Peterson](/wiki/Peter_George_Peterson "Peter George Peterson") |
| Succeeded by | David Rubenstein |
| 5th [United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development](/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development "United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development") |
| **In office**March 10, 1975 – January 20, 1977 |
| President | [Gerald Ford](/wiki/Gerald_Ford "Gerald Ford") |
| Preceded by | [James Thomas Lynn](/wiki/James_Thomas_Lynn "James Thomas Lynn") |
| Succeeded by | [Patricia Roberts Harris](/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris "Patricia Roberts Harris") |
| 10th [United States Trade Representative](/wiki/United_States_Trade_Representative "United States Trade Representative") |
| **In office**1989–1993 |
| President | [George H. W. Bush](/wiki/George_H._W._Bush "George H. W. Bush") |
| Preceded by | [Clayton Keith Yeutter](/wiki/Clayton_Keith_Yeutter "Clayton Keith Yeutter") |
| Succeeded by | [Mickey Kantor](/wiki/Mickey_Kantor "Mickey Kantor") |
| |
| Personal details |
| Born | Carla Anderson (1934-01-03) January 3, 1934 (age 89)[Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles "Los Angeles"), [California](/wiki/California "California") |
| Spouse(s) | Roderick M. Hills |
| Children | 4 |
| Residence | Washington DC |
| [Alma mater](/wiki/Alma_mater "Alma mater") | [Oxford University](/wiki/Oxford_University "Oxford University")[Stanford University](/wiki/Stanford_University "Stanford University")Yale Law School |
| Profession | law |
**Carla Anderson Hills** (born January 3, 1934) is an [American](/wiki/Americans "Americans") lawyer and a public figure. She served as [United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development](/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development "United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development") in the [Gerald Ford](/wiki/Gerald_Ford "Gerald Ford") administration and as [U.S. Trade Representative](/wiki/U.S._Trade_Representative "U.S. Trade Representative"). She was the first woman to serve as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the third woman to serve as a cabinet officer.[[1]](#cite_note-crowbar-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-crowbar_1-0)
Louis Uchitelle (June 10, 1990). ["A Crowbar for Carla Hills"](https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE6D6143FF933A25755C0A966958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all). *New York Times*. Retrieved 2009-02-07.
## Other websites
* [Author biography](http://www.theglobalist.com/AuthorBiography.aspx?AuthorId=26) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070815084655/http://www.theglobalist.com/AuthorBiography.aspx?AuthorId=26) 2007-08-15 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
* [A Few Good Women... Carla Anderson Hills](http://www.afgw.libraries.psu.edu/profiles/hills.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110903095917/http://www.afgw.libraries.psu.edu/profiles/hills.html) 2011-09-03 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [person](/wiki/Category:American_people_stubs "Category:American people stubs") from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carla_Anderson_Hills&action=edit)*.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:USSecHUD "Template:USSecHUD")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USSecHUD&action=edit)
[United States Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development](/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development "United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development") |
| --- |
|
* [Weaver](/wiki/Robert_C._Weaver "Robert C. Weaver")
* [Wood](/wiki/Robert_Coldwell_Wood "Robert Coldwell Wood")
* [Romney](/wiki/George_W._Romney "George W. Romney")
* [Lynn](/wiki/James_Thomas_Lynn "James Thomas Lynn")
* Hills
* [Harris](/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris "Patricia Roberts Harris")
* [Landrieu](/wiki/Moon_Landrieu "Moon Landrieu")
* [Pierce](/wiki/Samuel_Pierce "Samuel Pierce")
* [Kemp](/wiki/Jack_Kemp "Jack Kemp")
* [Cisneros](/wiki/Henry_Cisneros "Henry Cisneros")
* [Cuomo](/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo "Andrew Cuomo")
* [Martinez](/wiki/Mel_Martinez "Mel Martinez")
* [Jackson](/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson "Alphonso Jackson")
* [Preston](/wiki/Steve_Preston "Steve Preston")
* [Donovan](/wiki/Shaun_Donovan "Shaun Donovan")
* [Castro](/wiki/Julian_Castro "Julian Castro")
* [Carson](/wiki/Ben_Carson "Ben Carson")
* [Fudge](/wiki/Marcia_Fudge "Marcia Fudge")
| |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:USTR "Template:USTR")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USTR&action=edit)
[United States Trade Representative](/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative "Office of the United States Trade Representative") |
| --- |
|
* [Herter](/wiki/Christian_Herter "Christian Herter")
* Roth
* Gilbert
* Eberle
* [Dent](/wiki/Frederick_B._Dent "Frederick B. Dent")
* [Strauss](/wiki/Robert_Schwarz_Strauss "Robert Schwarz Strauss")
* [Askew](/wiki/Reubin_Askew "Reubin Askew")
* [Brock](/wiki/Bill_Brock "Bill Brock")
* [Yeutter](/wiki/Clayton_Keith_Yeutter "Clayton Keith Yeutter")
* Hills
* [Kantor](/wiki/Mickey_Kantor "Mickey Kantor")
* Barshefsky
* [Zoellick](/wiki/Robert_Zoellick "Robert Zoellick")
* [Portman](/wiki/Rob_Portman "Rob Portman")
* Schwab
* [Kirk](/wiki/Ron_Kirk "Ron Kirk")
* [Froman](/wiki/Michael_Froman "Michael Froman")
* [Lighthizer](/wiki/Robert_Lighthizer "Robert Lighthizer")
* [Tai](/wiki/Katherine_Tai "Katherine Tai")
| |
| [Authority control](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") |
| --- |
| International |
* [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/93428/)
* [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000082929331)
* [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/108921352)
* [WorldCat Identities](https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n82076242/)
|
| National |
* [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/173137113)
* [Israel](http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007436202905171)
* [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n82076242)
* [Netherlands](http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071054561)
|
| Other |
* [NARA](https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568596)
* [SNAC](https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ch0fwf)
* [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/055385176)
| | | | |
| --- | --- |
| | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Please help improve this article by introducing appropriate citations of additional sources. (June 2023) |
| Carla Anderson Hills |
| --- |
| |
| |
| Chair of the Council on Foreign Relations |
| In officeJune 30, 2007 – July 1, 2017Serving with Robert Rubin |
| President | Richard Haass |
| Preceded by | Peter Peterson |
| Succeeded by | David Rubenstein |
| 5th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development |
| In officeMarch 10, 1975 – January 20, 1977 |
| President | Gerald Ford |
| Preceded by | James Thomas Lynn |
| Succeeded by | Patricia Roberts Harris |
| 10th United States Trade Representative |
| In office1989–1993 |
| President | George H. W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Clayton Keith Yeutter |
| Succeeded by | Mickey Kantor |
| |
| Personal details |
| Born | Carla Anderson (1934-01-03) January 3, 1934 (age 89)Los Angeles, California |
| Spouse(s) | Roderick M. Hills |
| Children | 4 |
| Residence | Washington DC |
| Alma mater | Oxford UniversityStanford UniversityYale Law School |
| Profession | law |
Carla Anderson Hills (born January 3, 1934) is an American lawyer and a public figure. She served as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in the Gerald Ford administration and as U.S. Trade Representative. She was the first woman to serve as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the third woman to serve as a cabinet officer.[1]
References
↑
Louis Uchitelle (June 10, 1990). "A Crowbar for Carla Hills". New York Times. Retrieved 2009-02-07.
Other websites
Author biography Archived 2007-08-15 at the Wayback Machine
A Few Good Women... Carla Anderson Hills Archived 2011-09-03 at the Wayback Machine
This short article about a person from the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
| * v
* t
* e
United States Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development |
| --- |
|
* Weaver
* Wood
* Romney
* Lynn
* Hills
* Harris
* Landrieu
* Pierce
* Kemp
* Cisneros
* Cuomo
* Martinez
* Jackson
* Preston
* Donovan
* Castro
* Carson
* Fudge
| |
| * v
* t
* e
United States Trade Representative |
| --- |
|
* Herter
* Roth
* Gilbert
* Eberle
* Dent
* Strauss
* Askew
* Brock
* Yeutter
* Hills
* Kantor
* Barshefsky
* Zoellick
* Portman
* Schwab
* Kirk
* Froman
* Lighthizer
* Tai
| |
| Authority control |
| --- |
| International |
* FAST
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities
|
| National |
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Netherlands
|
| Other |
* NARA
* SNAC
* IdRef
| |
122,839 | 2003_in_movies | 2003 in movies | 998,697 | Redirect to:
* [2003](/wiki/2003 "2003") | Redirect to:
2003
|
63,999 | Kieran_Richardson | Kieran Richardson | 8,858,214 | Kieran Richardson| |
| Personal information |
| Full name |
Kieran Edward Richardson |
| Date of birth | (1984-10-21) 21 October 1984 (age 39) |
| Place of birth | [Greenwich](/wiki/Greenwich "Greenwich"), [England](/wiki/England "England") |
| Height |
1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |
| Position(s) | [Midfielder](/wiki/Midfielder "Midfielder") |
| Club information |
| Current team | [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. "Sunderland A.F.C.") |
| Number |
10 |
| Senior career\* |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2002-200720052007- | [Manchester United](/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C. "Manchester United F.C.")→[West Bromwich Albion](/wiki/West_Bromwich_Albion_F.C. "West Bromwich Albion F.C.") (loan)[Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. "Sunderland A.F.C.") | | |
| National team |
| 2005-2006 | [England](/wiki/England_national_football_team "England national football team") | | |
|
\* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only |
**Kieran Richardson** (born [21 October](/wiki/21_October "21 October") [1984](/wiki/1984 "1984")) is an [English](/wiki/England "England") [football](/wiki/Association_football "Association football") player. He plays for [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. "Sunderland A.F.C."), a team in the [Premier League](/wiki/English_Premier_League "English Premier League") in [England](/wiki/England "England").
## Club career statistics
[[1]](#cite_note-1)
| Club statistics | League |
| --- | --- |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals |
| England | League |
| 2002/03 | [Manchester United](/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C. "Manchester United F.C.") | [Premier League](/wiki/English_Premier_League "English Premier League") | 2 | 0
|
| 2003/04 | 0 | 0
|
| 2004/05 | 2 | 0
|
| 2004/05 | [West Bromwich Albion](/wiki/West_Bromwich_Albion_F.C. "West Bromwich Albion F.C.") | [Premier League](/wiki/English_Premier_League "English Premier League") | 12 | 3
|
| 2005/06 | [Manchester United](/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C. "Manchester United F.C.") | [Premier League](/wiki/English_Premier_League "English Premier League") | 22 | 1
|
| 2006/07 | 15 | 1
|
| 2007/08 | [Sunderland](/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C. "Sunderland A.F.C.") | [Premier League](/wiki/English_Premier_League "English Premier League") | 17 | 3
|
| 2008/09 | 32 | 4
|
| 2009/10 | | |
| Country | England
| 102 | 12
|
| Total
| 102 | 12
|
## International career statistics
| [England national team](/wiki/England_national_football_team "England national football team") |
| --- |
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2005 | 4 | 2
|
| 2006 | 4 | 0
|
| Total | 8 | 2
|
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Strack-Zimmermann, Benjamin. ["Kieran Richardson"](http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/11617/Kieran_Richardson.html). *www.national-football-teams.com*.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [sports person](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_stubs "Category:Sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kieran_Richardson&action=edit)*.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about the [United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:United_Kingdom_stubs "Category:United Kingdom stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kieran_Richardson&action=edit)*. | Kieran Richardson| |
| Personal information |
| Full name |
Kieran Edward Richardson |
| Date of birth | (1984-10-21) 21 October 1984 (age 39) |
| Place of birth | Greenwich, England |
| Height |
1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |
| Position(s) | Midfielder |
| Club information |
| Current team | Sunderland |
| Number |
10 |
| Senior career* |
| Years | Team | Apps | (Gls) |
| 2002-200720052007- | Manchester United→West Bromwich Albion (loan)Sunderland | | |
| National team |
| 2005-2006 | England | | |
|
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only |
Kieran Richardson (born 21 October 1984) is an English football player. He plays for Sunderland, a team in the Premier League in England.
Club career statistics
[1]
| Club statistics | League |
| --- | --- |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals |
| England | League |
| 2002/03 | Manchester United | Premier League | 2 | 0
|
| 2003/04 | 0 | 0
|
| 2004/05 | 2 | 0
|
| 2004/05 | West Bromwich Albion | Premier League | 12 | 3
|
| 2005/06 | Manchester United | Premier League | 22 | 1
|
| 2006/07 | 15 | 1
|
| 2007/08 | Sunderland | Premier League | 17 | 3
|
| 2008/09 | 32 | 4
|
| 2009/10 | | |
| Country | England
| 102 | 12
|
| Total
| 102 | 12
|
International career statistics
| England national team |
| --- |
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2005 | 4 | 2
|
| 2006 | 4 | 0
|
| Total | 8 | 2
|
References
↑ Strack-Zimmermann, Benjamin. "Kieran Richardson". www.national-football-teams.com.
This short article about a sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
This short article about the United Kingdom can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
99,339 | Clinical_depression | Clinical depression | 4,384,416 | Redirect to:
* [Depression (mental illness)](/wiki/Depression_(mental_illness) "Depression (mental illness)") | Redirect to:
Depression (mental illness)
|
283,764 | Pennsylvania,_USA | Pennsylvania, USA | 2,669,950 | Redirect to:
* [Pennsylvania](/wiki/Pennsylvania "Pennsylvania") | Redirect to:
Pennsylvania
|
651,385 | Eleanor_Bron | Eleanor Bron | 8,207,138 | | Eleanor Bron |
| --- |
| Bron in 1968 |
| Born | (1938-03-14) 14 March 1938 (age 85)Stanmore, [Middlesex](/wiki/Middlesex "Middlesex"), England, UK |
| Occupation | Actress, author |
| Years active | 1959–present |
| Partner(s) | Cedric Price; widowed |
**Eleanor Bron** (born 14 March 1938) is an English actress and an author. She is best known for her roles as Ahme in *[Help!](/wiki/Help! "Help!")* and Miss Minchin in *A Little Princess* (1995).[[1]](#cite_note-Bron1-1)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-Bron1_1-0) Westbrook, Caroline (3 April 2007). ["Gerry Bron interview"](https://web.archive.org/web/20201025142256/http://www.somethingjewish.co.uk/articles/2267_gerry_bron_interview.htm). Something Jewish. Archived from [the original](http://www.somethingjewish.co.uk/articles/2267_gerry_bron_interview.htm) on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
## Other websites
* [Eleanor Bron](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0111376/) on [IMDb](/wiki/IMDb "IMDb")
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about an [actor](/wiki/Category:Actor_stubs "Category:Actor stubs") or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Bron&action=edit)*. | | Eleanor Bron |
| --- |
| Bron in 1968 |
| Born | (1938-03-14) 14 March 1938 (age 85)Stanmore, Middlesex, England, UK |
| Occupation | Actress, author |
| Years active | 1959–present |
| Partner(s) | Cedric Price; widowed |
Eleanor Bron (born 14 March 1938) is an English actress and an author. She is best known for her roles as Ahme in Help! and Miss Minchin in A Little Princess (1995).[1]
References
↑ Westbrook, Caroline (3 April 2007). "Gerry Bron interview". Something Jewish. Archived from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
Other websites
Eleanor Bron on IMDb
This short article about an actor or group of actors can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
765,941 | Starkville,_Mississippi | Starkville, Mississippi | 8,008,894 | **Starkville** is a [city](/wiki/City "City") in, and the [county seat](/wiki/County_seat "County seat") of, [Oktibbeha County](/wiki/Oktibbeha_County,_Mississippi "Oktibbeha County, Mississippi"), [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi "Mississippi"), United States.[[1]](#cite_note-GR6-1) [Mississippi State University](/wiki/Mississippi_State_University "Mississippi State University"), the state's [land-grant institution](/wiki/Land-grant_university "Land-grant university") and a [public](/wiki/Public_university "Public university") flagship university, is located in Starkville. The population was 25,653 in 2019.[[2]](#cite_note-2)
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-GR6_1-0) ["Find a County"](http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx). National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) Bureau, U.S. Census. ["U.S. Census website"](https://www.census.gov). *[United States Census Bureau](/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau "United States Census Bureau")*. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Oktibbeha_County,_Mississippi "Template:Oktibbeha County, Mississippi")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Oktibbeha_County,_Mississippi&action=edit)
Municipalities and communities of [Oktibbeha County, Mississippi](/wiki/Oktibbeha_County,_Mississippi "Oktibbeha County, Mississippi"), United States |
| --- |
| [County seat](/wiki/County_seat "County seat"): **Starkville** |
| [City](/wiki/City "City") |
* Starkville
| Map of Mississippi highlighting Oktibbeha County |
| [Towns](/wiki/Town "Town") |
* [Maben](/wiki/Maben,_Mississippi "Maben, Mississippi")‡
* [Sturgis](/wiki/Sturgis,_Mississippi "Sturgis, Mississippi")
|
| [CDPs](/wiki/Census-designated_place "Census-designated place") |
* Longview
* Mississippi State
|
| [Othercommunities](/wiki/Unincorporated_area "Unincorporated area") |
* Adaton
* Bradley
* Clayton Village
* Hickory Grove
* Hickory Grove Estates
* Mississippi State
* Morgantown
* Oktoc
* Osborn
* Self Creek
* Sessums
|
| [Ghost town](/wiki/Ghost_town "Ghost town") |
* Agency
|
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Mississippi_county_seats "Template:Mississippi county seats")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Mississippi_county_seats&action=edit)
[County seats](/wiki/County_seat "County seat") of [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi "Mississippi") |
| --- |
|
* [Aberdeen](/wiki/Aberdeen,_Mississippi "Aberdeen, Mississippi")
* [Ackerman](/wiki/Ackerman,_Mississippi "Ackerman, Mississippi")
* [Ashland](/wiki/Ashland,_Mississippi "Ashland, Mississippi")
* [Batesville](/wiki/Batesville,_Mississippi "Batesville, Mississippi")
* [Bay Springs](/wiki/Bay_Springs,_Mississippi "Bay Springs, Mississippi")
* [Bay St. Louis](/wiki/Bay_St._Louis,_Mississippi "Bay St. Louis, Mississippi")
* [Belzoni](/wiki/Belzoni,_Mississippi "Belzoni, Mississippi")
* [Biloxi](/wiki/Biloxi,_Mississippi "Biloxi, Mississippi")
* [Booneville](/wiki/Booneville,_Mississippi "Booneville, Mississippi")
* [Brandon](/wiki/Brandon,_Mississippi "Brandon, Mississippi")
* [Brookhaven](/wiki/Brookhaven,_Mississippi "Brookhaven, Mississippi")
* [Canton](/wiki/Canton,_Mississippi "Canton, Mississippi")
* [Carrollton](/wiki/Carrollton,_Mississippi "Carrollton, Mississippi")
* [Carthage](/wiki/Carthage,_Mississippi "Carthage, Mississippi")
* [Charleston](/wiki/Charleston,_Mississippi "Charleston, Mississippi")
* [Clarksdale](/wiki/Clarksdale,_Mississippi "Clarksdale, Mississippi")
* [Cleveland](/wiki/Cleveland,_Mississippi "Cleveland, Mississippi")
* [Coffeeville](/wiki/Coffeeville,_Mississippi "Coffeeville, Mississippi")
* [Collins](/wiki/Collins,_Mississippi "Collins, Mississippi")
* [Columbia](/wiki/Columbia,_Mississippi "Columbia, Mississippi")
* [Columbus](/wiki/Columbus,_Mississippi "Columbus, Mississippi")
* [Corinth](/wiki/Corinth,_Mississippi "Corinth, Mississippi")
* [De Kalb](/wiki/De_Kalb,_Mississippi "De Kalb, Mississippi")
* [Decatur](/wiki/Decatur,_Mississippi "Decatur, Mississippi")
* [Ellisville](/wiki/Ellisville,_Mississippi "Ellisville, Mississippi")
* [Fayette](/wiki/Fayette,_Mississippi "Fayette, Mississippi")
* [Forest](/wiki/Forest,_Mississippi "Forest, Mississippi")
* [Fulton](/wiki/Fulton,_Mississippi "Fulton, Mississippi")
* [Greenville](/wiki/Greenville,_Mississippi "Greenville, Mississippi")
* [Greenwood](/wiki/Greenwood,_Mississippi "Greenwood, Mississippi")
* [Grenada](/wiki/Grenada,_Mississippi "Grenada, Mississippi")
* [Gulfport](/wiki/Gulfport,_Mississippi "Gulfport, Mississippi")
* [Hattiesburg](/wiki/Hattiesburg,_Mississippi "Hattiesburg, Mississippi")
* [Hazlehurst](/wiki/Hazlehurst,_Mississippi "Hazlehurst, Mississippi")
* [Hernando](/wiki/Hernando,_Mississippi "Hernando, Mississippi")
* [Holly Springs](/wiki/Holly_Springs,_Mississippi "Holly Springs, Mississippi")
* [Houston](/wiki/Houston,_Mississippi "Houston, Mississippi")
* [Indianola](/wiki/Indianola,_Mississippi "Indianola, Mississippi")
* [Iuka](/wiki/Iuka,_Mississippi "Iuka, Mississippi")
* [Jackson](/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi "Jackson, Mississippi")
* [Kosciusko](/wiki/Kosciusko,_Mississippi "Kosciusko, Mississippi")
* [Laurel](/wiki/Laurel,_Mississippi "Laurel, Mississippi")
* [Leakesville](/wiki/Leakesville,_Mississippi "Leakesville, Mississippi")
* [Lexington](/wiki/Lexington,_Mississippi "Lexington, Mississippi")
* [Liberty](/wiki/Liberty,_Mississippi "Liberty, Mississippi")
* [Louisville](/wiki/Louisville,_Mississippi "Louisville, Mississippi")
* [Lucedale](/wiki/Lucedale,_Mississippi "Lucedale, Mississippi")
* [Macon](/wiki/Macon,_Mississippi "Macon, Mississippi")
* [Magnolia](/wiki/Magnolia,_Mississippi "Magnolia, Mississippi")
* [Marks](/wiki/Marks,_Mississippi "Marks, Mississippi")
* [Mayersville](/wiki/Mayersville,_Mississippi "Mayersville, Mississippi")
* [Meadville](/wiki/Meadville,_Mississippi "Meadville, Mississippi")
* [Mendenhall](/wiki/Mendenhall,_Mississippi "Mendenhall, Mississippi")
* [Meridian](/wiki/Meridian,_Mississippi "Meridian, Mississippi")
* [Monticello](/wiki/Monticello,_Mississippi "Monticello, Mississippi")
* [Natchez](/wiki/Natchez,_Mississippi "Natchez, Mississippi")
* [New Albany](/wiki/New_Albany,_Mississippi "New Albany, Mississippi")
* [New Augusta](/wiki/New_Augusta,_Mississippi "New Augusta, Mississippi")
* [Okolona](/wiki/Okolona,_Mississippi "Okolona, Mississippi")
* [Oxford](/wiki/Oxford,_Mississippi "Oxford, Mississippi")
* [Pascagoula](/wiki/Pascagoula,_Mississippi "Pascagoula, Mississippi")
* [Paulding](/wiki/Paulding,_Mississippi "Paulding, Mississippi")
* [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia,_Mississippi "Philadelphia, Mississippi")
* [Pittsboro](/wiki/Pittsboro,_Mississippi "Pittsboro, Mississippi")
* [Pontotoc](/wiki/Pontotoc,_Mississippi "Pontotoc, Mississippi")
* [Poplarville](/wiki/Poplarville,_Mississippi "Poplarville, Mississippi")
* [Port Gibson](/wiki/Port_Gibson,_Mississippi "Port Gibson, Mississippi")
* [Prentiss](/wiki/Prentiss,_Mississippi "Prentiss, Mississippi")
* [Purvis](/wiki/Purvis,_Mississippi "Purvis, Mississippi")
* [Quitman](/wiki/Quitman,_Mississippi "Quitman, Mississippi")
* [Raleigh](/wiki/Raleigh,_Mississippi "Raleigh, Mississippi")
* [Raymond](/wiki/Raymond,_Mississippi "Raymond, Mississippi")
* [Ripley](/wiki/Ripley,_Mississippi "Ripley, Mississippi")
* [Rolling Fork](/wiki/Rolling_Fork,_Mississippi "Rolling Fork, Mississippi")
* [Rosedale](/wiki/Rosedale,_Mississippi "Rosedale, Mississippi")
* [Sardis](/wiki/Sardis,_Mississippi "Sardis, Mississippi")
* [Senatobia](/wiki/Senatobia,_Mississippi "Senatobia, Mississippi")
* Starkville
* [Sumner](/wiki/Sumner,_Mississippi "Sumner, Mississippi")
* [Tunica](/wiki/Tunica,_Mississippi "Tunica, Mississippi")
* [Tupelo](/wiki/Tupelo,_Mississippi "Tupelo, Mississippi")
* [Tylertown](/wiki/Tylertown,_Mississippi "Tylertown, Mississippi")
* [Vaiden](/wiki/Vaiden,_Mississippi "Vaiden, Mississippi")
* [Vicksburg](/wiki/Vicksburg,_Mississippi "Vicksburg, Mississippi")
* [Walthall](/wiki/Walthall,_Mississippi "Walthall, Mississippi")
* [Water Valley](/wiki/Water_Valley,_Mississippi "Water Valley, Mississippi")
* [Waynesboro](/wiki/Waynesboro,_Mississippi "Waynesboro, Mississippi")
* [West Point](/wiki/West_Point,_Mississippi "West Point, Mississippi")
* [Wiggins](/wiki/Wiggins,_Mississippi "Wiggins, Mississippi")
* [Winona](/wiki/Winona,_Mississippi "Winona, Mississippi")
* [Woodville](/wiki/Woodville,_Mississippi "Woodville, Mississippi")
* [Yazoo](/wiki/Yazoo_City,_Mississippi "Yazoo City, Mississippi")
|
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in the United States](/wiki/Category:United_States_geography_stubs "Category:United States geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Starkville,_Mississippi&action=edit)*. | Starkville is a city in, and the county seat of, Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, United States.[1] Mississippi State University, the state's land-grant institution and a public flagship university, is located in Starkville. The population was 25,653 in 2019.[2]
References
↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
↑ Bureau, U.S. Census. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
| * v
* t
* e
Municipalities and communities of Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, United States |
| --- |
| County seat: Starkville |
| City |
* Starkville
| Map of Mississippi highlighting Oktibbeha County |
| Towns |
* Maben‡
* Sturgis
|
| CDPs |
* Longview
* Mississippi State
|
| Othercommunities |
* Adaton
* Bradley
* Clayton Village
* Hickory Grove
* Hickory Grove Estates
* Mississippi State
* Morgantown
* Oktoc
* Osborn
* Self Creek
* Sessums
|
| Ghost town |
* Agency
|
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties |
| * v
* t
* e
County seats of Mississippi |
| --- |
|
* Aberdeen
* Ackerman
* Ashland
* Batesville
* Bay Springs
* Bay St. Louis
* Belzoni
* Biloxi
* Booneville
* Brandon
* Brookhaven
* Canton
* Carrollton
* Carthage
* Charleston
* Clarksdale
* Cleveland
* Coffeeville
* Collins
* Columbia
* Columbus
* Corinth
* De Kalb
* Decatur
* Ellisville
* Fayette
* Forest
* Fulton
* Greenville
* Greenwood
* Grenada
* Gulfport
* Hattiesburg
* Hazlehurst
* Hernando
* Holly Springs
* Houston
* Indianola
* Iuka
* Jackson
* Kosciusko
* Laurel
* Leakesville
* Lexington
* Liberty
* Louisville
* Lucedale
* Macon
* Magnolia
* Marks
* Mayersville
* Meadville
* Mendenhall
* Meridian
* Monticello
* Natchez
* New Albany
* New Augusta
* Okolona
* Oxford
* Pascagoula
* Paulding
* Philadelphia
* Pittsboro
* Pontotoc
* Poplarville
* Port Gibson
* Prentiss
* Purvis
* Quitman
* Raleigh
* Raymond
* Ripley
* Rolling Fork
* Rosedale
* Sardis
* Senatobia
* Starkville
* Sumner
* Tunica
* Tupelo
* Tylertown
* Vaiden
* Vicksburg
* Walthall
* Water Valley
* Waynesboro
* West Point
* Wiggins
* Winona
* Woodville
* Yazoo
|
This short article about a place or feature in the United States can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
470,215 | Angel_of_Retribution | Angel of Retribution | 4,984,474 | Redirect to:
* [Judas Priest](/wiki/Judas_Priest "Judas Priest") | Redirect to:
Judas Priest
|
386,604 | Side_Effects | Side Effects | 8,278,457 | ***Side Effects*** is a 2013 American [crime](/wiki/Crime_movie "Crime movie") [thriller movie](/wiki/Thriller_movie "Thriller movie"). It stars [Channing Tatum](/wiki/Channing_Tatum "Channing Tatum"), [Catherine Zeta-Jones](/wiki/Catherine_Zeta-Jones "Catherine Zeta-Jones") and [Jude Law](/wiki/Jude_Law "Jude Law"). The movie is about a young woman under [antidepressant](/wiki/Antidepressant "Antidepressant") drugs. The reviews for *Side Effects* were positive.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about [movies](/wiki/Category:Movie_stubs "Category:Movie stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Side_Effects&action=edit)*. | Side Effects is a 2013 American crime thriller movie. It stars Channing Tatum, Catherine Zeta-Jones and Jude Law. The movie is about a young woman under antidepressant drugs. The reviews for Side Effects were positive.
This short article about movies can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
523,515 | Upupa_epops | Upupa epops | 5,268,849 | Redirect to:
* [Hoopoe](/wiki/Hoopoe "Hoopoe") | Redirect to:
Hoopoe
|
834,663 | Arcueil | Arcueil | 7,470,799 | Coat of arms
**Arcueil** is a [commune](/wiki/Communes_of_France "Communes of France"). It is in the [Val-de-Marne](/wiki/Val-de-Marne "Val-de-Marne") [department](/wiki/Departments_of_France "Departments of France") in [France](/wiki/France "France").
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [place or feature in France](/wiki/Category:France_geography_stubs "Category:France geography stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arcueil&action=edit)*. | Coat of arms
Arcueil is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France.
This short article about a place or feature in France can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
120,804 | Proprietary_software | Proprietary software | 8,852,646 | **Proprietary software** (or [closed source](/wiki/Closed_source "Closed source") software) does not let people see or change [source code](/wiki/Source_code "Source code") of the [computer software](/wiki/Computer_software "Computer software"). It is the opposite of [free software](/wiki/Free_software "Free software"). Proprietary software is usually created by businesses who want to sell their software, but some programs that are free to use are still proprietary because the user is not allowed to change them. With proprietary software, only the people that make the software can see and change the code.
Even if the people who make the program give the source code to other people, the program will be proprietary if they do not allow to do important things like these:
* Change the code;
* Give the code to other people;
* Give the changed code to other people;
* Use the code on a different computer;
Most companies who sell their software for money (and even some who do not charge money for it) make it proprietary source. This makes it harder for people to copy and change the software, or to use the source code to make similar software. It helps prevent a user from pretending to be the author of someone else's work (a way of [plagiarism](/wiki/Plagiarism "Plagiarism")).
## Related pages
* [Freeware](/wiki/Freeware "Freeware"), software that is free to use but is not allowed to change.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proprietary_software&action=edit)*. | Proprietary software (or closed source software) does not let people see or change source code of the computer software. It is the opposite of free software. Proprietary software is usually created by businesses who want to sell their software, but some programs that are free to use are still proprietary because the user is not allowed to change them. With proprietary software, only the people that make the software can see and change the code.
Even if the people who make the program give the source code to other people, the program will be proprietary if they do not allow to do important things like these:
Change the code;
Give the code to other people;
Give the changed code to other people;
Use the code on a different computer;
Most companies who sell their software for money (and even some who do not charge money for it) make it proprietary source. This makes it harder for people to copy and change the software, or to use the source code to make similar software. It helps prevent a user from pretending to be the author of someone else's work (a way of plagiarism).
Related pages
Freeware, software that is free to use but is not allowed to change.
This short article can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
1,045,121 | Eray_Cömert | Eray Cömert | 9,052,973 | Eray Cömert| Cömert with [Basel](/wiki/FC_Basel "FC Basel") in 2019 |
| Personal information |
| Full name |
Eray Ervin Cömert[[1]](#cite_note-FIFA_2022-1) |
| Date of birth | (1998-02-04) 4 February 1998 (age 25) |
| Place of birth | [Basel](/wiki/Basel "Basel"), Switzerland |
| Height |
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Position(s) | [Defender](/wiki/Defender_(association_football) "Defender (association football)") |
| Club information |
| Current team | [Nantes](/wiki/FC_Nantes "FC Nantes") |
| Number |
24 |
| Youth career |
| 2006–2009 | Concordia Basel |
| 2009–2016 | [Basel](/wiki/FC_Basel "FC Basel") |
| Senior career\* |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2016–2022 | [Basel](/wiki/FC_Basel "FC Basel") |
101 |
(5) |
| 2017 |
→ [Lugano](/wiki/FC_Lugano "FC Lugano") (loan) |
12 |
(0) |
| 2017–2018 |
→ [Sion](/wiki/FC_Sion "FC Sion") (loan) |
12 |
(0) |
| 2022– | [Valencia](/wiki/Valencia_CF "Valencia CF") |
31 |
(1) |
| 2023– | [Nantes](/wiki/FC_Nantes "FC Nantes") | | |
| National team‡ |
| 2013–2014 | Switzerland U16 |
6 |
(1) |
| 2014–2015 | Switzerland U17 |
7 |
(0) |
| 2015–2016 | Switzerland U18 |
5 |
(0) |
| 2016–2017 | Switzerland U19 |
7 |
(0) |
| 2018–2021 | Switzerland U21 |
9 |
(3) |
| 2019– | [Switzerland](/wiki/Switzerland_national_football_team "Switzerland national football team") |
12 |
(0) |
|
\* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 25 May 2023‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 25 May 2023 |
**Eray Ervin Cömert** (born 4 February 1998) is a [Swiss](/wiki/Switzerland "Switzerland") [football](/wiki/Association_football "Association football") player. He plays as a [defender](/wiki/Defender_(association_football) "Defender (association football)") for [Valencia](/wiki/Valencia_CF "Valencia CF") and the [Switzerland national team](/wiki/Switzerland_national_football_team "Switzerland national football team").
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-FIFA_2022_1-0) ["FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 – Squad list: Switzerland (SUI)"](https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce44/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf) (PDF). [FIFA](/wiki/FIFA "FIFA"). 15 November 2022. p. 28. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
*This [short article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub "Wikipedia:Stub") about a [sports person](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_stubs "Category:Sportspeople stubs") can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by [adding to it](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eray_C%C3%B6mert&action=edit)*. | Eray Cömert| Cömert with Basel in 2019 |
| Personal information |
| Full name |
Eray Ervin Cömert[1] |
| Date of birth | (1998-02-04) 4 February 1998 (age 25) |
| Place of birth | Basel, Switzerland |
| Height |
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Position(s) | Defender |
| Club information |
| Current team | Nantes |
| Number |
24 |
| Youth career |
| 2006–2009 | Concordia Basel |
| 2009–2016 | Basel |
| Senior career* |
| Years | Team | Apps | (Gls) |
| 2016–2022 | Basel |
101 |
(5) |
| 2017 |
→ Lugano (loan) |
12 |
(0) |
| 2017–2018 |
→ Sion (loan) |
12 |
(0) |
| 2022– | Valencia |
31 |
(1) |
| 2023– | Nantes | | |
| National team‡ |
| 2013–2014 | Switzerland U16 |
6 |
(1) |
| 2014–2015 | Switzerland U17 |
7 |
(0) |
| 2015–2016 | Switzerland U18 |
5 |
(0) |
| 2016–2017 | Switzerland U19 |
7 |
(0) |
| 2018–2021 | Switzerland U21 |
9 |
(3) |
| 2019– | Switzerland |
12 |
(0) |
|
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 25 May 2023‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 25 May 2023 |
Eray Ervin Cömert (born 4 February 1998) is a Swiss football player. He plays as a defender for Valencia and the Switzerland national team.
References
↑ "FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 – Squad list: Switzerland (SUI)" (PDF). FIFA. 15 November 2022. p. 28. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
This short article about a sports person can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. |
50,200 | Paasselkä_devil | Paasselkä devil | 7,320,981 | **Paasselkä devils** (Finnish "Päässelän pirut") are stories about balls of light at lake Paasselkä, [Finland](/wiki/Finland "Finland"). Local people say that bright balls sometimes move above lake Paasselkä or near the lake in the forest. This kinds of lights are said to appear around the world. They are sometimes called [ghost lights](/wiki/Ghost_light "Ghost light") or [will o' the wisps](/wiki/Will_o%27_the_wisp "Will o' the wisp"). Scientists does not know what ghost lights or will o' wisps are.
People have told these stories for a long time, so it is a part of [folklore](/wiki/Folklore "Folklore") there. People thought that balls of light are devils. Some still believe that balls are alive or have [mind](/wiki/Mind "Mind"), because they seem to act like that. Ball can follow fishermans boat of go to hide if you use your torch.
Lake Paasselkä appeared when big [stone](/wiki/Meteor "Meteor") dropped from the sky millions of years ago. Such lake is called crater-lake. [Magnetism](/wiki/Magnetism "Magnetism") in the middle of the lake is not normal.
## Related pages
* [Ghost lights](/wiki/Ghost_light "Ghost light")
## Video
You can see the balls from [this website](http://www.kraateripiru.net/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070312004710/http://www.kraateripiru.net/) 2007-03-12 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine")
## Book
* Sulo Strömberg: Kerimäen ja Savonrannan kyliä kiertämässä. Tarinoita Paasveen piruista ja pohuista (2006) | Paasselkä devils (Finnish "Päässelän pirut") are stories about balls of light at lake Paasselkä, Finland. Local people say that bright balls sometimes move above lake Paasselkä or near the lake in the forest. This kinds of lights are said to appear around the world. They are sometimes called ghost lights or will o' the wisps. Scientists does not know what ghost lights or will o' wisps are.
People have told these stories for a long time, so it is a part of folklore there. People thought that balls of light are devils. Some still believe that balls are alive or have mind, because they seem to act like that. Ball can follow fishermans boat of go to hide if you use your torch.
Lake Paasselkä appeared when big stone dropped from the sky millions of years ago. Such lake is called crater-lake. Magnetism in the middle of the lake is not normal.
Related pages
Ghost lights
Video
You can see the balls from this website Archived 2007-03-12 at the Wayback Machine
Book
Sulo Strömberg: Kerimäen ja Savonrannan kyliä kiertämässä. Tarinoita Paasveen piruista ja pohuista (2006)
|
967,163 | 2014_India-Pakistan_floods | 2014 India-Pakistan floods | 8,485,709 | Redirect to:
* [2014 India–Pakistan floods](/wiki/2014_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_floods "2014 India–Pakistan floods") | Redirect to:
2014 India–Pakistan floods
|
142,238 | Pioneer_program | Pioneer program | 8,694,466 | [Pioneer 10](/wiki/Pioneer_10 "Pioneer 10"), under construction in 1971. Pioneer 10 and [11](/wiki/Pioneer_11 "Pioneer 11") are the most famous probes in the Pioneer program. They were the first probes to visit the [outer planets](/wiki/Solar_system#The_eight_planets "Solar system"), and the first to go beyond the orbit of [Neptune](/wiki/Neptune "Neptune").
The [Pioneer plaque](/wiki/Pioneer_plaque "Pioneer plaque")
The **Pioneer program** is the name of a few unmanned space missions done by [NASA](/wiki/NASA "NASA") between 1958 and 1978. The best-known of these [probes](/wiki/Space_probe "Space probe") were [Pioneer 10](/wiki/Pioneer_10 "Pioneer 10") and [11](/wiki/Pioneer_11 "Pioneer 11"), launched in 1972 and 1973 respectively.
Both carried a plaque as shown.
The first spacecraft in Pioneer program, Pioneer 0 was launched on August 17, 1958. 77 seconds after launch the Thor engine failed and a spacecraft has failed at launch. The next spacecraft, Pioneer 1, was the first spacecraft in Pioneer Program to be launched successfully, on October 11, 1958. Like its successor, Pioneer 2, which was launched on November 8, 1958, it was launched to the [Moon](/wiki/Moon "Moon"). The most famous spacecraft in Pioneer program, [Pioneer 10](/wiki/Pioneer_10 "Pioneer 10") and [Pioneer 11](/wiki/Pioneer_11 "Pioneer 11") were launched on March 2, 1972 and April 5, 1973 respectively. Both reached the [Jupiter system](/wiki/Jupiter_(planet) "Jupiter (planet)") on December 4, 1973 and December 2, 1974 respectively. Pioneer 11 became the first spacecraft to approach [Saturn](/wiki/Saturn_(planet) "Saturn (planet)"), on September 1, 1979. Both spacecraft aren't functional anymore, the last signal from Pioneer 11 was received on [Earth](/wiki/Earth_(planet) "Earth (planet)") on November 24, 1995 at a distance 44 AU (7 Billion km; 3 Billion miles), while the last signal from Pioneer 10 was received on January 23, 2003 at a distance of 82 AU (12 Billion km; 7.6 Billion miles) from Earth. Pioneer 10 was the most distant spacecraft from Earth until February 17, 1998 when it was passed by [Voyager 1](/wiki/Voyager_1 "Voyager 1") and will be the 3rd farthest spacecraft from Earth once it'll be passed by [Voyager 2](/wiki/Voyager_2 "Voyager 2") around March 2023.
## Early Missions
The earliest missions were attempts to escape the [pull of Earth’s gravity](/wiki/Gravity "Gravity") and to study the Moon. This included the first launch by NASA which was formed from the old NACA. These missions were carried out by the Air Force Ballistic Missile Division, Army, and NASA.
Pioneers 3 and 4.
Pioneer P-1, P-3, P-30 and P-31.
### Able space probes (1958–1960)
Pioneer P-1, P-3, 5, P-30, and P-31 probe
*Most missions here are listed with their most recognised name, and alternate names in italic.*
Pioneer 0
* *Thor-Able 1, Pioneer*
* Lunar orbiter
* Destroyed
* Failure 77 seconds after launch.
* August 17, 1958
Pioneer 1
* *Thor-Able 2, Pioneer I*
* Lunar orbiter, missed Moon
* Third stage partial failure.
* October 11, 1958
Pioneer 2
* *Thor-Able 3, Pioneer II*
* Lunar orbiter, reentry
* Third stage failure.
* November 8, 1958
Pioneer P-1
* *Atlas-Able 4A, Pioneer W*
* Launch vehicle lost.
* September 24, 1959
Pioneer P-3
* *Atlas-Able 4, Atlas-Able 4B, Pioneer X*
* November 26, 1959
Pioneer 5
* *Pioneer P-2, Thor-Able 4, Pioneer V*
* March 11, 1960
Pioneer P-30
* *Atlas-Able 5A, Pioneer Y*
* Lunar probe
* Failed to achieve lunar orbit.
* September 25, 1960
Pioneer P-31
* *Atlas-Able 5B, Pioneer Z*
* Lunar probe
* Lost in upper stage failure.
* December 15, 1960
### Juno II lunar probes (1958–1959)
* Pioneer 3 – Lunar flyby, missed Moon due to launcher failure December 6, 1958
* Pioneer 4 – Lunar flyby, achieved Earth escape velocity, launched March 3, 1959
## Later Missions (1965-1978)
Later Pioneer missions, left to right are Pioneers 6-9, Pioneers *10-11*, Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Pioneer Venus Multiprobe.
Five years after the early Able space probe missions ended, NASA Ames Research Center used the Pioneer name for a new series of missions, to gather information at the [inner Solar System](/wiki/Solar_System "Solar System"), before the flyby missions to Jupiter and Saturn. While successful, the missions returned much poorer images than the [Voyager program probes](/wiki/Voyager_program "Voyager program") would five years later. In 1978, the end of the program saw a return to the inner Solar System, with the [Pioneer Venus Orbiter](/wiki/Pioneer_Venus_Orbiter "Pioneer Venus Orbiter") and Multiprobe, this time orbiting instead of flying by planets.
The new missions were numbered beginning with Pioneer 6 (other names in brackets).
### Interplanetary weather
The spacecraft in Pioneer missions 6, 7, 8, and 9 that research interplanetary space weather:
* Pioneer 6 (Pioneer A) – launched December 1965
* Pioneer 7 (Pioneer B) – launched August 1966
* Pioneer 8 (Pioneer C) – launched December 1967
* Pioneer 9 (Pioneer D) – launched November 1968 (*not working since 1983*)
* Pioneer E – lost in launcher failure August 1969
Pioneer 6 and Pioneer 9 are orbiting the Sun at 0.8 [AU](/wiki/Astronomical_unit "Astronomical unit"), with orbits slightly shorter than Earth. Pioneer 7 and Pioneer 8 are in solar orbits with 1.1 AU distance to the [Sun](/wiki/Sun "Sun"). Their orbits are slightly longer than Earth's. Since the probes' orbital periods are different from that of the Earth, from time to time, they face a side of the Sun that cannot be seen from Earth.
## Outer Solar System missions
Pioneer 10 and 11 in interstellar space (upper right corner and lower left)
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe releasing the smaller probes.
* *[Pioneer 10](/wiki/Pioneer_10 "Pioneer 10")* (Pioneer F) – Jupiter, interstellar space, launched March 1972
* *[Pioneer 11](/wiki/Pioneer_11 "Pioneer 11")* (Pioneer G) – Jupiter, Saturn, interstellar space, launched April 1973
* Pioneer H – Jupiter mission for 1974, never launched. It is identical to Pioneers 10 and 11.
### Venus project
* [Pioneer Venus Orbiter](/wiki/Pioneer_Venus_Orbiter "Pioneer Venus Orbiter") (Pioneer Venus 1, Pioneer 12) – launched May 1978
* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (Pioneer Venus 2, Pioneer 13) – launched August 1978
+ Pioneer Venus Probe Bus – transport vehicle and upper atmosphere probe
+ Pioneer Venus Large Probe – 300 kg parachuted probe
+ Pioneer Venus North Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
+ Pioneer Venus Night Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
+ Pioneer Venus Day Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
## Related Articles
* [NASA](/wiki/NASA "NASA")
* [Voyager program](/wiki/Voyager_program "Voyager program")
* [Mariner program](/wiki/Mariner_program "Mariner program") | Pioneer 10, under construction in 1971. Pioneer 10 and 11 are the most famous probes in the Pioneer program. They were the first probes to visit the outer planets, and the first to go beyond the orbit of Neptune.
The Pioneer plaque
The Pioneer program is the name of a few unmanned space missions done by NASA between 1958 and 1978. The best-known of these probes were Pioneer 10 and 11, launched in 1972 and 1973 respectively.
Both carried a plaque as shown.
The first spacecraft in Pioneer program, Pioneer 0 was launched on August 17, 1958. 77 seconds after launch the Thor engine failed and a spacecraft has failed at launch. The next spacecraft, Pioneer 1, was the first spacecraft in Pioneer Program to be launched successfully, on October 11, 1958. Like its successor, Pioneer 2, which was launched on November 8, 1958, it was launched to the Moon. The most famous spacecraft in Pioneer program, Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 were launched on March 2, 1972 and April 5, 1973 respectively. Both reached the Jupiter system on December 4, 1973 and December 2, 1974 respectively. Pioneer 11 became the first spacecraft to approach Saturn, on September 1, 1979. Both spacecraft aren't functional anymore, the last signal from Pioneer 11 was received on Earth on November 24, 1995 at a distance 44 AU (7 Billion km; 3 Billion miles), while the last signal from Pioneer 10 was received on January 23, 2003 at a distance of 82 AU (12 Billion km; 7.6 Billion miles) from Earth. Pioneer 10 was the most distant spacecraft from Earth until February 17, 1998 when it was passed by Voyager 1 and will be the 3rd farthest spacecraft from Earth once it'll be passed by Voyager 2 around March 2023.
Early Missions
The earliest missions were attempts to escape the pull of Earth’s gravity and to study the Moon. This included the first launch by NASA which was formed from the old NACA. These missions were carried out by the Air Force Ballistic Missile Division, Army, and NASA.
Pioneers 3 and 4.
Pioneer P-1, P-3, P-30 and P-31.
Able space probes (1958–1960)
Pioneer P-1, P-3, 5, P-30, and P-31 probe
Most missions here are listed with their most recognised name, and alternate names in italic.
Pioneer 0
Thor-Able 1, Pioneer
Lunar orbiter
Destroyed
Failure 77 seconds after launch.
August 17, 1958
Pioneer 1
Thor-Able 2, Pioneer I
Lunar orbiter, missed Moon
Third stage partial failure.
October 11, 1958
Pioneer 2
Thor-Able 3, Pioneer II
Lunar orbiter, reentry
Third stage failure.
November 8, 1958
Pioneer P-1
Atlas-Able 4A, Pioneer W
Launch vehicle lost.
September 24, 1959
Pioneer P-3
Atlas-Able 4, Atlas-Able 4B, Pioneer X
November 26, 1959
Pioneer 5
Pioneer P-2, Thor-Able 4, Pioneer V
March 11, 1960
Pioneer P-30
Atlas-Able 5A, Pioneer Y
Lunar probe
Failed to achieve lunar orbit.
September 25, 1960
Pioneer P-31
Atlas-Able 5B, Pioneer Z
Lunar probe
Lost in upper stage failure.
December 15, 1960
Juno II lunar probes (1958–1959)
Pioneer 3 – Lunar flyby, missed Moon due to launcher failure December 6, 1958
Pioneer 4 – Lunar flyby, achieved Earth escape velocity, launched March 3, 1959
Later Missions (1965-1978)
Later Pioneer missions, left to right are Pioneers 6-9, Pioneers 10-11, Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Pioneer Venus Multiprobe.
Five years after the early Able space probe missions ended, NASA Ames Research Center used the Pioneer name for a new series of missions, to gather information at the inner Solar System, before the flyby missions to Jupiter and Saturn. While successful, the missions returned much poorer images than the Voyager program probes would five years later. In 1978, the end of the program saw a return to the inner Solar System, with the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Multiprobe, this time orbiting instead of flying by planets.
The new missions were numbered beginning with Pioneer 6 (other names in brackets).
Interplanetary weather
The spacecraft in Pioneer missions 6, 7, 8, and 9 that research interplanetary space weather:
Pioneer 6 (Pioneer A) – launched December 1965
Pioneer 7 (Pioneer B) – launched August 1966
Pioneer 8 (Pioneer C) – launched December 1967
Pioneer 9 (Pioneer D) – launched November 1968 (not working since 1983)
Pioneer E – lost in launcher failure August 1969
Pioneer 6 and Pioneer 9 are orbiting the Sun at 0.8 AU, with orbits slightly shorter than Earth. Pioneer 7 and Pioneer 8 are in solar orbits with 1.1 AU distance to the Sun. Their orbits are slightly longer than Earth's. Since the probes' orbital periods are different from that of the Earth, from time to time, they face a side of the Sun that cannot be seen from Earth.
Outer Solar System missions
Pioneer 10 and 11 in interstellar space (upper right corner and lower left)
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe releasing the smaller probes.
* Pioneer 10 (Pioneer F) – Jupiter, interstellar space, launched March 1972
Pioneer 11 (Pioneer G) – Jupiter, Saturn, interstellar space, launched April 1973
Pioneer H – Jupiter mission for 1974, never launched. It is identical to Pioneers 10 and 11.
Venus project
Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer Venus 1, Pioneer 12) – launched May 1978
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (Pioneer Venus 2, Pioneer 13) – launched August 1978
Pioneer Venus Probe Bus – transport vehicle and upper atmosphere probe
Pioneer Venus Large Probe – 300 kg parachuted probe
Pioneer Venus North Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
Pioneer Venus Night Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
Pioneer Venus Day Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
Related Articles
NASA
Voyager program
Mariner program
|
399,908 | History_of_video_game_consoles_(third_generation) | History of video game consoles (third generation) | 8,124,745 | | |
| --- |
| |
| Part of a series on: |
| [History of video games](/wiki/History_of_video_games "History of video games") |
| General
* Golden age of arcade video games
* [History of video games](/wiki/History_of_video_games "History of video games")
* [North American video game crash of 1983](/wiki/North_American_video_game_crash_of_1983 "North American video game crash of 1983")
|
| [Consoles](/wiki/Video_game_console "Video game console")
* [First generation (1972–1977)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(first_generation) "History of video game consoles (first generation)")
* [Second generation (1976–1984)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(second_generation) "History of video game consoles (second generation)")
* Third generation (1983–1992)
* [Fourth generation (1987–1996)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(fourth_generation) "History of video game consoles (fourth generation)")
* [Fifth generation (1993–2006)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(fifth_generation) "History of video game consoles (fifth generation)")
* [Sixth generation (1998–2013)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(sixth_generation) "History of video game consoles (sixth generation)")
* [Seventh generation (2004–)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(seventh_generation) "History of video game consoles (seventh generation)")
* [Eighth generation (2011–)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(eighth_generation) "History of video game consoles (eighth generation)")
|
| [Genres](/wiki/Video_game_genres "Video game genres")
* History of Eastern role-playing video games
* History of massively multiplayer online games
* History of online games
* History of Western role-playing video games
|
| Lists
* Early history of video games
* First video game
* List of video games in development
* List of years in video games
* Timeline of arcade video game history
|
| * v
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:VG_History&action=edit)
|
The **third generation** of [video game consoles](/wiki/Video_game_console "Video game console") began on July 15, 1983. The third generation began with the release of the Nintendo Family Computer, or better known as the [Nintendo Entertainment System](/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System "Nintendo Entertainment System") (**NES**) and Sega SG-1000.[[1]](#cite_note-1) This generation helped end the [North American](/wiki/North_America "North America") video crash of 1983. This resulted in a shift from the [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States") to [Japan](/wiki/Japan "Japan") as the leading country for home video games.[[2]](#cite_note-cgw_50-2) In the third generation the displays changed from single-screen (or flip-screen) [graphics](/wiki/Graphics "Graphics") to scrolling graphics.[[3]](#cite_note-IGN-Sega-3)
The best-selling console of this generation was the NES/Famicom. This was followed by the [Sega Master System](/wiki/Sega_Master_System "Sega Master System") and the [Atari 7800](/wiki/Atari_7800 "Atari 7800"). The NES/Famicom system remained the best-selling home console until the [PlayStation](/wiki/PlayStation "PlayStation") in 1996. Some of the consoles in the third generation used 8-bit processors. However, systems like the [Mega Drive/Genesis](/wiki/Sega_Mega_Drive "Sega Mega Drive") used 16-bit processors. The NES/Famicom system was the most popular video game console in the [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"). Jack Ivan Booth was the founder of the Atari 7800. Due to inflation of the USD $ this is worth a lot more now.
## Home systems
### Comparison
| Name
| SG-1000 | [Family Computer/Nintendo Entertainment System](/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System "Nintendo Entertainment System") | [Mark III/Master System](/wiki/Master_System "Master System") | [Atari 7800](/wiki/Atari_7800 "Atari 7800") |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Manufacturer
| [Sega](/wiki/Sega "Sega") | [Nintendo](/wiki/Nintendo "Nintendo") | [Sega](/wiki/Sega "Sega") | [Atari](/wiki/Atari "Atari") |
| Console
| | | | |
| Launch prices
| ¥15,500
| ¥14,800US$199.99CA$240
| ¥24,200US$199.99
| US$140.00
|
| Release date
| * [JP](/wiki/Japan "Japan"): July 15, 1983
* [AUS](/wiki/Australia "Australia"): 1983
| * [US](/wiki/United_States "United States"): October 18, 1985
* [AME](/wiki/Americas "Americas"): February 1 1986
* [WW](/wiki/World "World"): January 1 1987
| * [AME](/wiki/United_States "United States"): June 1, 1986
* [WW](/wiki/World "World"): September 1, 1987
| * [AME](/wiki/United_States "United States"): June 1, 1986
* [WW](/wiki/World "World"): September 1, 1987
|
| Media
| Cartridge and Cassette (SG-3000)
| Cartridge
Floppy disk (Japan only)
| Cartridge and data card
| Cartridge
|
| [Top-selling games](/wiki/List_of_best-selling_video_games "List of best-selling video games") | N/A
| *[Super Mario Bros.](/wiki/Super_Mario_Bros. "Super Mario Bros.")* ([pack-in](/wiki/Pack-in_game "Pack-in game")), 40.23 million (as of 1999)[[4]](#cite_note-4) *[Super Mario Bros. 3](/wiki/Super_Mario_Bros._3 "Super Mario Bros. 3")*, 18 million (as of May 21, 2003)[[5]](#cite_note-5) | *Hang-On* and *Safari Hunt* (Pack-In)
| Pole Position II (pack-in)[*[source?](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources "Wikipedia:Citing sources")*] |
| [Backward compatibility](/wiki/Backward_compatibility "Backward compatibility") | None
| None
| Sega SG-1000 (Japanese system only)
| [Atari 2600](/wiki/Atari_2600 "Atari 2600") |
| Accessories (retail)
| N/A
| * [Famicom Disk System](/wiki/Famicom_Disk_System "Famicom Disk System")
* [NES Advantage](/wiki/NES_Advantage "NES Advantage")
* [NES Satellite](/wiki/NES_Satellite "NES Satellite")
* [NES Zapper](/wiki/NES_Zapper "NES Zapper")
* [Mattel Power Glove](/wiki/Mattel_Power_Glove "Mattel Power Glove")
* [NES Power Pad](/wiki/Power_Pad "Power Pad")
* [NES R.O.B.](/wiki/R.O.B. "R.O.B.")
More... | * Light Phaser
* Sega 3-D Glasses
* Sega Control Stick
* [Sega Handle Controller](/wiki/Game_controller#Steering_wheel "Game controller")
* Sega Paddle Control[[6]](#cite_note-6)
* Sega Pro Action Replay
* [Sega Remote Control System](/wiki/Sega_Master_System#Remote_Control_System "Sega Master System")
* Sega Rapid-Fire Unit
* Sega SG Commander
* Sega Sports Pad
| * XG-1
|
| CPU
| NEC 780C (Zilog Z80 clone)
3.58 MHz for NTSC, 3.55 MHz for PAL
| Ricoh 2A03 (based on [MOS Technology 6502](/wiki/MOS_Technology_6502 "MOS Technology 6502"))1.79 MHz (1.66 MHz PAL)
| NEC 780C (Zilog Z80 clone)3.57 MHz (3.54 MHz PAL)
| Custom, 6502C (based on
[MOS Technology 6502](/wiki/MOS_Technology_6502 "MOS Technology 6502"))1.79 MHz
|
| Memory
| 2 kB Main RAM16 kB video RAM
| 2 KB main RAM2 KB video RAM256 bytes sprite RAM28 bytes palette RAM
| 8 KB main RAM16 KB video RAM
| 4 KB main RAM
|
| Video
| 256x192 resolution32 sprites, maximum of 4 sprites per scanline16 colors
| 64 sprites (8 per scanline)256x240 resolution25 simultaneous colors53 color palette
| 256x240 resolution64 sprites (8×8 or 8×16)32 simultaneous colors64 color palette
| Unlimited sprites320x200 resolution25 simultaneous colors256 color palette
|
| Audio
| Mono audio with:
* 3 voices
* noise/vibrato effect
| Mono audio with:
* Two square waves
* One triangle wave
* One noise generator
* One DPCM channel
* One FM synthesizer (*Famicom Disk system, Japan only*)
| Mono audio with:
* Three square waves
* One noise generator
* 9-channel, 2-operator FM synthesizer (Japan only)
| Mono audio with:
* Two square waves
|
### Sales comparison
| Console | Units sold worldwide | [Japan](/wiki/Japan "Japan") | [Americas](/wiki/Americas "Americas") | Elsewhere
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Nintendo Entertainment System](/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System "Nintendo Entertainment System") | 61.91 million (as of December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7)[[8]](#cite_note-Nintendo-8) | 19.35 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) | 34 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) | 8.56 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) |
| [Sega Master System](/wiki/Sega_Master_System "Sega Master System") | 11.8 million[[9]](#cite_note-Forster_2005_80–81_80-9)[[10]](#cite_note-Buchanan-10) | 1 million (1986)[[11]](#cite_note-Nihon_Kōgyō_Shinbunsha_1986_89-11) | [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"): 2 million (1992)[[12]](#cite_note-Sheff_1993_349-12) [Brazil](/wiki/Brazil "Brazil"): 5 million (2012)[[13]](#cite_note-MDB-13) | [Western Europe](/wiki/Western_Europe "Western Europe"): 6.8 million (1993)[[14]](#cite_note-digest_1995-14) |
| [Atari 7800](/wiki/Atari_7800 "Atari 7800") | 3.77 million (December 1990)[[15]](#cite_note-gamasutra.com-15) | Unknown | United States: 2 million (June 1988)[[16]](#cite_note-Video_Games-16) | Unknown
|
### Sales comparison
| Console | Units sold worldwide | [Japan](/wiki/Japan "Japan") | [Americas](/wiki/Americas "Americas") | Elsewhere
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Nintendo Entertainment System](/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System "Nintendo Entertainment System") | 61.91 million (as of December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7)[[8]](#cite_note-Nintendo-8) | 19.35 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) | 34 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) | 8.56 million (December 2009)[[7]](#cite_note-consolidatedsales-7) |
| [Sega Master System](/wiki/Sega_Master_System "Sega Master System") | 11.8 million[[9]](#cite_note-Forster_2005_80–81_80-9)[[10]](#cite_note-Buchanan-10) | 1 million (1986)[[11]](#cite_note-Nihon_Kōgyō_Shinbunsha_1986_89-11) | [United States](/wiki/United_States "United States"): 2 million (1992)[[12]](#cite_note-Sheff_1993_349-12) [Brazil](/wiki/Brazil "Brazil"): 5 million (2012)[[13]](#cite_note-MDB-13) | [Western Europe](/wiki/Western_Europe "Western Europe"): 6.8 million (1993)[[14]](#cite_note-digest_1995-14) |
| [Atari 7800](/wiki/Atari_7800 "Atari 7800") | 3.77 million (December 1990)[[15]](#cite_note-gamasutra.com-15) | Unknown | United States: 2 million (June 1988)[[16]](#cite_note-Video_Games-16) | Unknown
|
## Handheld systems
Nintendo's [Game & Watch](/wiki/Game_%26_Watch "Game & Watch") was very popular in the third generation. It continued to do so until 1991, when it was discontinued.
* [Nintendo Game & Watch](/wiki/Game_%26_Watch "Game & Watch") (Released 1980-1991)
## Popular games
* *[Super Mario Bros.](/wiki/Super_Mario_Bros. "Super Mario Bros.")*[[17]](#cite_note-17)
* *[The Legend of Zelda](/wiki/The_Legend_of_Zelda_(video_game) "The Legend of Zelda (video game)")*
* *[Dragon Quest](/wiki/Dragon_Warrior "Dragon Warrior")*
* *[Final Fantasy](/wiki/Final_Fantasy_(video_game) "Final Fantasy (video game)")*
* *[Mega Man 2](/wiki/Mega_Man_2 "Mega Man 2")*
* *[Metal Gear](/wiki/Metal_Gear "Metal Gear")*
## References
1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) Mark J. P. Wolf (2008), [*The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond*](https://books.google.com/books?id=XiM0ntMybNwC&pg=PA115), ABC-CLIO, p. 115, [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-0-313-33868-7](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33868-7 "Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33868-7"), retrieved 2011-04-19
2. [↑](#cite_ref-cgw_50_2-0) Arnie Katz; Bill Kunkel; Joyce Worley (August 1988), "Video Gaming World", *Computer Gaming World*, p. 44, I'm sure you've noticed that I've made no reference to the Nintendo craze that has repeated the Atari and Mattel Phenomenon of 8 years ago. That's because for American game designers, the Nintendo is a non-event: virtually all the work to date has been done in Japan. Only the future will tell if the design process ever crosses the Pacific as efficiently as the container ships and the letters of credit now do.
3. [↑](#cite_ref-IGN-Sega_3-0) Travis Fahs. ["IGN Presents the History of SEGA: Coming Home"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120314223804/http://uk.retro.ign.com/articles/974/974695p2.html). IGN. p. 2. Archived from [the original](http://uk.retro.ign.com/articles/974/974695p2.html) on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) ["Best-Selling Video Games"](https://web.archive.org/web/20060317005503/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/content_pages/record.asp?recordid=52404). [Guinness World Records](/wiki/Guinness_World_Records "Guinness World Records"). Archived from [the original](http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/content_pages/record.asp?recordid=52404) on 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) ["All Time Top 20 Best Selling Games"](https://web.archive.org/web/20060221044930/http://www.ownt.com/qtakes/2003/gamestats/gamestats.shtm). 2003-05-21. Archived from [the original](http://www.ownt.com/qtakes/2003/gamestats/gamestats.shtm) on 2006-02-21. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
6. [↑](#cite_ref-6) ["-Sega Emulation Overview - another overview"](http://www.retrocopy.com/sms.aspx). retrocopy.com. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
7. ↑ [7.0](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-0) [7.1](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-1) [7.2](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-2) [7.3](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-3) [7.4](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-4) [7.5](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-5) [7.6](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-6) [7.7](#cite_ref-consolidatedsales_7-7) ["Consolidated Sales Transition by Region"](http://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e0912.pdf) (PDF). Nintendo. 2010-01-27. [Archived](https://www.webcitation.org/5nXieXX2B?url=http://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e0912.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 2010-02-14. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
8. ↑ [8.0](#cite_ref-Nintendo_8-0) [8.1](#cite_ref-Nintendo_8-1) ["NES"](https://web.archive.org/web/20070804161605/http://www.nintendo.com/systemsclassic?type=nes). *Classic Systems*. Nintendo. Archived from [the original](http://www.nintendo.com/systemsclassic?type=nes) on 2007-08-04. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
9. ↑ [9.0](#cite_ref-Forster_2005_80–81_80_9-0) [9.1](#cite_ref-Forster_2005_80–81_80_9-1) Forster, Winnie (2005). "Sega SG-1000 & Master System". [*The Encyclopedia of Game Machines*](http://i250.photobucket.com/albums/gg278/Salvidrim/PUBLIC/IMG_0001.jpg?t=1327588500). Magdalena Gniatczynska. pp. 80–81 [80]. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [3-00-015359-4](/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-00-015359-4 "Special:BookSources/3-00-015359-4"). Retrieved 2011-01-31. Units sold: 10 Million
10. ↑ [10.0](#cite_ref-Buchanan_10-0) [10.1](#cite_ref-Buchanan_10-1) Buchanan, Levi (2009-03-20). ["Genesis vs. SNES: By the Numbers"](https://www.webcitation.org/65RW7Q1Ym?url=http://retro.ign.com/articles/965/965032p1.html). [IGN](/wiki/IGN "IGN"). Archived from [the original](http://retro.ign.com/articles/965/965032p1.html) on 2012-02-14. Retrieved 2010-03-15. The Master System sold an anemic 13 million to the NES count of 62 million.
11. ↑ [11.0](#cite_ref-Nihon_Kōgyō_Shinbunsha_1986_89_11-0) [11.1](#cite_ref-Nihon_Kōgyō_Shinbunsha_1986_89_11-1) Nihon Kōgyō Shinbunsha (1986). ["Amusement"](https://books.google.com/books?id=tJcSAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Sega+is+estimated+to+have+sold%22). *Business Japan*. Nihon Kogyo Shimbun. **31** (7–12): 89. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
12. ↑ [12.0](#cite_ref-Sheff_1993_349_12-0) [12.1](#cite_ref-Sheff_1993_349_12-1) Sheff, David (1993). [*Game Over*](https://books.google.com/books?id=gxyXUi336egC&q=master+systems) (1st ed.). New York: [Random House](/wiki/Random_House "Random House"). p. 349. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-679-40469-4](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-40469-4 "Special:BookSources/0-679-40469-4"). Retrieved 16 January 2012.
13. ↑ [13.0](#cite_ref-MDB_13-0) [13.1](#cite_ref-MDB_13-1) Théo Azevedo (2012-07-30). ["Vinte anos depois, Master System e Mega Drive vendem 150 mil unidades por ano no Brasil"](http://jogos.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/2012/07/30/vinte-anos-depois-master-system-e-mega-drive-vendem-150-mil-unidades-por-ano-no-brasil.htm) (in Portuguese). jogos.uol.com.br. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
14. ↑ [14.0](#cite_ref-digest_1995_14-0) [14.1](#cite_ref-digest_1995_14-1) "Sega Consoles: Active installed base estimates". *Screen Digest*. Screen Digest. March 1995. p. 60. (cf. [here](https://books.google.com/books?ei=L0UeT47oMouEhQeoldjNDQ&id=jFnvAAAAMAAJ&dq=sega+active+installed), [here](https://books.google.com/books?ei=XjkeT5KCHImJhQe45eiBDg&id=jFnvAAAAMAAJ&dq=8-bit+16-bit+32-bit), and [here](https://books.google.com/books?ei=L0UeT47oMouEhQeoldjNDQ&id=jFnvAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22UK+600+1.100%22&q=%22UK+600%22))
15. ↑ [15.0](#cite_ref-gamasutra.com_15-0) [15.1](#cite_ref-gamasutra.com_15-1) Matthew, Matt (May 26, 2009). [Atari 7800 Sales Figures (1986 - 1990)](http://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/MattMatthews/20090526/1521/Atari_7800_Sales_Figures_1986__1990.php), Gamasutra.
16. ↑ [16.0](#cite_ref-Video_Games_16-0) [16.1](#cite_ref-Video_Games_16-1) ["Video Games"](http://articles.latimes.com/1988-06-13/business/fi-3249_1_video-game-systems). *[Los Angeles Times](/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times "Los Angeles Times")*. June 13, 1988. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
17. [↑](#cite_ref-17) ["Getting That "Resort Feel""](http://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/#/wii/wiisportsresort/0/3). *Iwata Asks: Wii Sports Resort*. Nintendo. p. 4. As it's sold bundled with the Wii console outside Japan, I'm not quite sure if calling it "World Number One" is exactly the right way to describe it, but in any case it's surpassed the record set by Super Mario Bros., which was unbroken for over twenty years.
| * [v](/wiki/Template:History_of_video_games "Template:History of video games")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:History_of_video_games&action=edit)
[History of video games](/wiki/History_of_video_games "History of video games") |
| --- |
| By generation | Early history • [First (1972–1977)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(first_generation) "History of video game consoles (first generation)") • [Second (1976–1984)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(second_generation) "History of video game consoles (second generation)") • Third (1983–1992) • [Fourth (1987–1996)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(fourth_generation) "History of video game consoles (fourth generation)") • [Fifth (1993–2006)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(fifth_generation) "History of video game consoles (fifth generation)") • [Sixth (1998–2005)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(sixth_generation) "History of video game consoles (sixth generation)") • [Seventh (2005-)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(seventh_generation) "History of video game consoles (seventh generation)") • [Eighth (2012–)](/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(eighth_generation) "History of video game consoles (eighth generation)") • Ninth (2017-) |
| By year |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| 1970s | 1972 • 1973 • 1974 • 1975 • 1976 • 1977 • 1978 • 1979 |
| 1980s | 1980 • 1981 • 1982 • 1983 • 1984 • 1985 • 1986 • 1987 • 1988 • 1989 |
| 1990s | 1990 • 1991 • 1992 • 1993 • 1994 • 1995 • 1996 • 1997 • 1998 • 1999 |
| 2000s | 2000 • 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008 • 2009 |
| 2010s | 2010 • 2011 • 2012 • [2013](/wiki/2013_in_video_gaming "2013 in video gaming") • 2014 • 2015 • 2016 • 2017 • 2018 • 2019 • Near future |
|
| By system | [Arcade game history](/wiki/Arcade_game#History "Arcade game") (Golden age of arcade video games • Timeline of arcade video game history) • [Video game console history](/wiki/Video_game_console#History "Video game console") • [North American video game crash of 1983](/wiki/North_American_video_game_crash_of_1983 "North American video game crash of 1983") • PC game history |
| By genre | [Action game history](/wiki/Action_game#History "Action game") • [Action-adventure game history](/wiki/Action-adventure_game#History "Action-adventure game") • [Adventure game history](/wiki/Adventure_game#History "Adventure game") • [History of role-playing video games](/wiki/Role-playing_video_game#History_and_classification "Role-playing video game") • [Sports game history](/wiki/Sports_game#History "Sports game") • [Strategy video game history](/wiki/Strategy_video_game#History "Strategy video game") |
| * [v](/wiki/Template:Third_generation_game_consoles "Template:Third generation game consoles")
* t
* [e](https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Third_generation_game_consoles&action=edit)
Third-generation video game consoles |
| --- |
|
* [Action Max](/wiki/Action_Max "Action Max")
* Amstrad GX4000
* [Atari 7800](/wiki/Atari_7800 "Atari 7800")
* Atari XE Games System
* Casio PV-1000
* [Commodore 64 Games System](/wiki/Commodore_64_Games_System "Commodore 64 Games System")
* [Nintendo Entertainment System](/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System "Nintendo Entertainment System")
* [Master System](/wiki/Master_System "Master System")
* SG-1000
|
| [← 2nd generation](/wiki/Template:Second_generation_game_consoles "Template:Second generation game consoles") [4th generation →](/wiki/Template:Fourth_generation_game_consoles "Template:Fourth generation game consoles") | | | |
| --- |
| |
| Part of a series on: |
| History of video games |
| General
* Golden age of arcade video games
* History of video games
* North American video game crash of 1983
|
| Consoles
* First generation (1972–1977)
* Second generation (1976–1984)
* Third generation (1983–1992)
* Fourth generation (1987–1996)
* Fifth generation (1993–2006)
* Sixth generation (1998–2013)
* Seventh generation (2004–)
* Eighth generation (2011–)
|
| Genres
* History of Eastern role-playing video games
* History of massively multiplayer online games
* History of online games
* History of Western role-playing video games
|
| Lists
* Early history of video games
* First video game
* List of video games in development
* List of years in video games
* Timeline of arcade video game history
|
| * v
* t
* e
|
The third generation of video game consoles began on July 15, 1983. The third generation began with the release of the Nintendo Family Computer, or better known as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and Sega SG-1000.[1] This generation helped end the North American video crash of 1983. This resulted in a shift from the United States to Japan as the leading country for home video games.[2] In the third generation the displays changed from single-screen (or flip-screen) graphics to scrolling graphics.[3]
The best-selling console of this generation was the NES/Famicom. This was followed by the Sega Master System and the Atari 7800. The NES/Famicom system remained the best-selling home console until the PlayStation in 1996. Some of the consoles in the third generation used 8-bit processors. However, systems like the Mega Drive/Genesis used 16-bit processors. The NES/Famicom system was the most popular video game console in the United States. Jack Ivan Booth was the founder of the Atari 7800. Due to inflation of the USD $ this is worth a lot more now.
Home systems
Comparison
| Name
| SG-1000 | Family Computer/Nintendo Entertainment System | Mark III/Master System | Atari 7800 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Manufacturer
| Sega | Nintendo | Sega | Atari |
| Console
| | | | |
| Launch prices
| ¥15,500
| ¥14,800US$199.99CA$240
| ¥24,200US$199.99
| US$140.00
|
| Release date
| * JP: July 15, 1983
* AUS: 1983
| * US: October 18, 1985
AME: February 1 1986
WW: January 1 1987
| * AME: June 1, 1986
WW: September 1, 1987
| * AME: June 1, 1986
WW: September 1, 1987
|
| Media
| Cartridge and Cassette (SG-3000)
| Cartridge
Floppy disk (Japan only)
| Cartridge and data card
| Cartridge
|
| Top-selling games | N/A
| Super Mario Bros. (pack-in), 40.23 million (as of 1999)[4] Super Mario Bros. 3, 18 million (as of May 21, 2003)[5] | Hang-On and Safari Hunt (Pack-In)
| Pole Position II (pack-in)[source?] |
| Backward compatibility | None
| None
| Sega SG-1000 (Japanese system only)
| Atari 2600 |
| Accessories (retail)
| N/A
| * Famicom Disk System
NES Advantage
NES Satellite
NES Zapper
Mattel Power Glove
NES Power Pad
NES R.O.B.
More... | * Light Phaser
* Sega 3-D Glasses
* Sega Control Stick
* Sega Handle Controller
* Sega Paddle Control[6]
* Sega Pro Action Replay
* Sega Remote Control System
* Sega Rapid-Fire Unit
* Sega SG Commander
* Sega Sports Pad
| * XG-1
|
| CPU
| NEC 780C (Zilog Z80 clone)
3.58 MHz for NTSC, 3.55 MHz for PAL
| Ricoh 2A03 (based on MOS Technology 6502)1.79 MHz (1.66 MHz PAL)
| NEC 780C (Zilog Z80 clone)3.57 MHz (3.54 MHz PAL)
| Custom, 6502C (based on
MOS Technology 6502)1.79 MHz
|
| Memory
| 2 kB Main RAM16 kB video RAM
| 2 KB main RAM2 KB video RAM256 bytes sprite RAM28 bytes palette RAM
| 8 KB main RAM16 KB video RAM
| 4 KB main RAM
|
| Video
| 256x192 resolution32 sprites, maximum of 4 sprites per scanline16 colors
| 64 sprites (8 per scanline)256x240 resolution25 simultaneous colors53 color palette
| 256x240 resolution64 sprites (8×8 or 8×16)32 simultaneous colors64 color palette
| Unlimited sprites320x200 resolution25 simultaneous colors256 color palette
|
| Audio
| Mono audio with:
* 3 voices
* noise/vibrato effect
| Mono audio with:
* Two square waves
* One triangle wave
* One noise generator
* One DPCM channel
* One FM synthesizer (Famicom Disk system, Japan only)
| Mono audio with:
* Three square waves
* One noise generator
* 9-channel, 2-operator FM synthesizer (Japan only)
| Mono audio with:
* Two square waves
|
Sales comparison
| Console | Units sold worldwide | Japan | Americas | Elsewhere
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nintendo Entertainment System | 61.91 million (as of December 2009)[7][8] | 19.35 million (December 2009)[7] | 34 million (December 2009)[7] | 8.56 million (December 2009)[7] |
| Sega Master System | 11.8 million[9][10] | 1 million (1986)[11] | United States: 2 million (1992)[12] Brazil: 5 million (2012)[13] | Western Europe: 6.8 million (1993)[14] |
| Atari 7800 | 3.77 million (December 1990)[15] | Unknown | United States: 2 million (June 1988)[16] | Unknown
|
Sales comparison
| Console | Units sold worldwide | Japan | Americas | Elsewhere
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nintendo Entertainment System | 61.91 million (as of December 2009)[7][8] | 19.35 million (December 2009)[7] | 34 million (December 2009)[7] | 8.56 million (December 2009)[7] |
| Sega Master System | 11.8 million[9][10] | 1 million (1986)[11] | United States: 2 million (1992)[12] Brazil: 5 million (2012)[13] | Western Europe: 6.8 million (1993)[14] |
| Atari 7800 | 3.77 million (December 1990)[15] | Unknown | United States: 2 million (June 1988)[16] | Unknown
|
Handheld systems
Nintendo's Game & Watch was very popular in the third generation. It continued to do so until 1991, when it was discontinued.
Nintendo Game & Watch (Released 1980-1991)
Popular games
Super Mario Bros.[17]
The Legend of Zelda
Dragon Quest
Final Fantasy
Mega Man 2
Metal Gear
References
↑ Mark J. P. Wolf (2008), The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond, ABC-CLIO, p. 115, ISBN 978-0-313-33868-7, retrieved 2011-04-19
↑ Arnie Katz; Bill Kunkel; Joyce Worley (August 1988), "Video Gaming World", Computer Gaming World, p. 44, I'm sure you've noticed that I've made no reference to the Nintendo craze that has repeated the Atari and Mattel Phenomenon of 8 years ago. That's because for American game designers, the Nintendo is a non-event: virtually all the work to date has been done in Japan. Only the future will tell if the design process ever crosses the Pacific as efficiently as the container ships and the letters of credit now do.
↑ Travis Fahs. "IGN Presents the History of SEGA: Coming Home". IGN. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
↑ "Best-Selling Video Games". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ "All Time Top 20 Best Selling Games". 2003-05-21. Archived from the original on 2006-02-21. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ "-Sega Emulation Overview - another overview". retrocopy.com. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 "Consolidated Sales Transition by Region" (PDF). Nintendo. 2010-01-27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2010-02-14. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
↑ 8.0 8.1 "NES". Classic Systems. Nintendo. Archived from the original on 2007-08-04. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
↑ 9.0 9.1 Forster, Winnie (2005). "Sega SG-1000 & Master System". The Encyclopedia of Game Machines. Magdalena Gniatczynska. pp. 80–81 [80]. ISBN 3-00-015359-4. Retrieved 2011-01-31. Units sold: 10 Million
↑ 10.0 10.1 Buchanan, Levi (2009-03-20). "Genesis vs. SNES: By the Numbers". IGN. Archived from the original on 2012-02-14. Retrieved 2010-03-15. The Master System sold an anemic 13 million to the NES count of 62 million.
↑ 11.0 11.1 Nihon Kōgyō Shinbunsha (1986). "Amusement". Business Japan. Nihon Kogyo Shimbun. 31 (7–12): 89. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
↑ 12.0 12.1 Sheff, David (1993). Game Over (1st ed.). New York: Random House. p. 349. ISBN 0-679-40469-4. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
↑ 13.0 13.1 Théo Azevedo (2012-07-30). "Vinte anos depois, Master System e Mega Drive vendem 150 mil unidades por ano no Brasil" (in Portuguese). jogos.uol.com.br. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
↑ 14.0 14.1 "Sega Consoles: Active installed base estimates". Screen Digest. Screen Digest. March 1995. p. 60. (cf. here, here, and here)
↑ 15.0 15.1 Matthew, Matt (May 26, 2009). Atari 7800 Sales Figures (1986 - 1990), Gamasutra.
↑ 16.0 16.1 "Video Games". Los Angeles Times. June 13, 1988. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
↑ "Getting That "Resort Feel"". Iwata Asks: Wii Sports Resort. Nintendo. p. 4. As it's sold bundled with the Wii console outside Japan, I'm not quite sure if calling it "World Number One" is exactly the right way to describe it, but in any case it's surpassed the record set by Super Mario Bros., which was unbroken for over twenty years.
| * v
* t
* e
History of video games |
| --- |
| By generation | Early history • First (1972–1977) • Second (1976–1984) • Third (1983–1992) • Fourth (1987–1996) • Fifth (1993–2006) • Sixth (1998–2005) • Seventh (2005-) • Eighth (2012–) • Ninth (2017-) |
| By year |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| 1970s | 1972 • 1973 • 1974 • 1975 • 1976 • 1977 • 1978 • 1979 |
| 1980s | 1980 • 1981 • 1982 • 1983 • 1984 • 1985 • 1986 • 1987 • 1988 • 1989 |
| 1990s | 1990 • 1991 • 1992 • 1993 • 1994 • 1995 • 1996 • 1997 • 1998 • 1999 |
| 2000s | 2000 • 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008 • 2009 |
| 2010s | 2010 • 2011 • 2012 • 2013 • 2014 • 2015 • 2016 • 2017 • 2018 • 2019 • Near future |
|
| By system | Arcade game history (Golden age of arcade video games • Timeline of arcade video game history) • Video game console history • North American video game crash of 1983 • PC game history |
| By genre | Action game history • Action-adventure game history • Adventure game history • History of role-playing video games • Sports game history • Strategy video game history |
| * v
* t
* e
Third-generation video game consoles |
| --- |
|
* Action Max
* Amstrad GX4000
* Atari 7800
* Atari XE Games System
* Casio PV-1000
* Commodore 64 Games System
* Nintendo Entertainment System
* Master System
* SG-1000
|
| ← 2nd generation 4th generation → | |
509,957 | Fortuna_'54 | Fortuna '54 | 5,180,351 | Redirect to:
* [Fortuna Sittard](/wiki/Fortuna_Sittard "Fortuna Sittard") | Redirect to:
Fortuna Sittard
|
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