text
stringlengths 1
13.4k
|
|---|
Footnote 204: |
- People
Population: 7,269,240 (July 1990), growth rate 2.6% (1990) |
No nice burst, no nice burst sourly. Suppose a butter glass is clean and
there is a bow suppose it lest the bounding ocean and a medium sized
bloat in the cunning little servant handkerchief is in between. |
(The same three.) |
Geneva, 334 |
[1245] _Ibid._, pp. 4, 61-64, 310-311. |
- Economy
Overview: The primary economic activity is tourism, which has brought
a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific Islands. The
number of visitors has increased steadily over the years and reached almost
30,000 in 1986. Revenues from tourism have given the island a favorable balance
of trade and helped the agricultural sector to become self-sufficient in the
production of beef, poultry, and eggs. |
Essential. |
Unemployment rate: 26% (April 1987) |
Lara Lara Psyche, Lara Lara three brothers and a mother, sister sister
and a new year a new year not christmas, christmas is off off of it.
Really. |
Ethnic divisions: 69% mestizo, 17% white, 9% black, 5% Indian |
Territorial sea: 12 nm |
Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of
$NA |
Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1990) |
Administrative divisions: 10 states (lander, singular--land);
Baden-Wurttemberg, Bayern, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen, Niedersachsen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein |
The quantity of rain decreases in ascending from the plains to
table-lands, especially if these be edged by mountains, because they
precipitate the vapour before it arrives at the high plains. On the
contrary, the quantity increases in ascending from plains to the tops or
slopes of rugged mountains, on account of partial currents of air which
condense the moisture into clouds. |
Senate--last held 11 March 1990 (next to be held March 1994);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(114 total) Liberal 68, Conservative 45, UP 1; |
The essential feature in the economic production of sisal hemp is
machinery for separating the fibre from the pulp of the leaf. The fibre
is whiter, cleaner, and lighter than jute; moreover, in strength it
ranks next to the best quality of manila hemp. It is used mainly in the
manufacture of grain-sacks, and the twine used on self-binding
harvesters. Nearly all the fibre of commerce is grown in the Mexican
state of Yucatan and consumed in the United States. The cultivation of
this material has made Yucatan one of the most prosperous states of
Mexico. |
Alpaca, 111, 115 |
_Göteborg_, owing to recently completed railway and canal connections,
is becoming an important port of trade. It is convenient to other
European ports, and it is rarely closed by ice. _Bergen_, _Trondhjem_,
and _Hammerfest_ derive a heavy income from their fisheries and likewise
from the tourists who visit the coast during midsummer. The last-named
port, although farther north than any town in the world, has an open
harbor during the winter. |
From the similar nature of the coasts, and the identity of the fossil
mammalia on each side of Behring’s Strait, it is more than probable that
the two continents were united, even since the sea was inhabited by the
existing species of shell-fish. Some of the gigantic quadrupeds of the
old continent are supposed to have crossed, either over the land or over
the ice, to America; and to have wandered southward through the
longitudinal valleys of the Rocky Mountains, Mexico, and Central
America, and to have spread over the vast plains of both continents,
even to their utmost extremity.[66] An extinct species of horse, the
mastodon, a species of elephant, three gigantic edentata, and a
hollow-horned ruminating animal roamed over the prairies of North
America—certainly since the sea was peopled by its present inhabitants,
probably even since the existence of the Indians. The skeletons of these
creatures are found in great numbers in the saline marshes on the
prairies called the Licks, which are still the resort of the existing
races.[67] |
Climate: arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog |
Disputes: Iraq began formal UN peace negotiations with Iran in August
1988 to end the war that began on 22 September 1980--sovereignty over the Shatt
al Arab waterway, troop withdrawal, freedom of navigation, and
prisoner of war exchange are the major issues for negotiation; Kurdish
question among Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and the USSR; shares Neutral Zone with
Saudi Arabia--in July 1975, Iraq and Saudi Arabia signed an agreement
to divide the zone between them, but the agreement must be ratified
before it becomes effective; disputes Kuwaiti ownership of Warbah and
Bubiyan islands; periodic disputes with upstream riparian
Syria over Euphrates water rights; potential dispute over water
development plans by Turkey for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
[150] Hodgkin, Italy and Her Invaders, Vol. II, pp. 214-219. Oxford,
1892. |
Total fertility rate: 2.6 children born/woman (1990) |
- Economy
Overview: no economic activity |
Type: democratic republic |
Language: English |
Highways: about 103,000 km total, including 35,000 km paved (bituminous,
concrete, bituminous-treated surface) and 38,000 km unpaved (stabilized gravel,
gravel, earth); additional 30,000 km of private (state-subsidized) roads |
Coastline: 12,429 km |
[455] H.R. Mill, International Geography, p. 1012. New York, 1902.
Hereford George, Historical Geography of the British Empire, pp.
278-279. London, 1904. |
Contiguous zone: 24 nm; |
On the northern side of these granite ranges, where the table-land is
8000 feet above the sea, and along the edge of the desert of El Aklaj in
Haudramaut, there is a tract of land so loose and so very fine, that a
plummet was sunk in it by Baron Wrede to the depth of 360 feet without
reaching the bottom. There is a tradition in the country that the Sabæan
army of King Suffi perished in attempting to cross this desert. Arabia
Felix, which merits its name, is the only part of that country with
permanent streams, though they are small. Here also the mountains and
fertile ground run far inland, producing grain, pasture, coffee,
odoriferous plants, and gums. High cliffs line the shores of the Indian
Ocean and the Strait of Bab-el-man-deb—“the Gate of Tears.” The fertile
country is continued a considerable way along the coast of the Red Sea,
but the character of barrenness is resumed by degrees, till at length
the hills and intervening terraces, on which Mecca and Medina, the holy
cities of the Mahomedans, stand, are sterile wastes wherever springs do
not water them. The blast of the desert, loaded with burning sand,
sweeps over these parched regions. Mountains skirt the table-land to the
north; and the peninsula, between the Gulfs of Akabah and Suez on the
Red Sea, the Eliath of Scripture, is filled by the mountain-group of
Sinai and Horeb. Jebel Houra, Mount Sinai, on which Moses received the
Ten Commandments, is 9000 feet high, surrounded by higher mountains,
which are covered with snow in winter. The group of Sinai abounds in
springs and verdure. At its northern extremity lies the desert of
El-Teh, 70 miles long and 30 broad, in which the Israelites wandered
forty years. It is covered with long ranges of high rocks, of most
repulsive aspect, rent into deep clefts only a few feet wide, hemmed in
by walls of rock sometimes 1000 feet high, like the deserted streets of
a Cyclopean town. The journey from Sinai to Akabah, by the Wadee-el-Ain
or Valley of the Spring, is perfectly magnificent, and the site of Petra
itself is a tremendous confusion of black and brown mountains. It is a
considerable basin closed in by rocks, with chasms and defiles in the
precipices. The main street is 2 miles long, and not more than from 10
to 30 feet wide, enclosed between perpendicular rocks from 100 to 700
feet high, which so nearly meet as to leave only a strip of sky. A
stream runs through the street which must once have been a considerable
torrent, and the precipitous rocks are excavated into thousands of
caverns once inhabited—into conduits, cisterns, flights of steps,
theatres, and temples, forming altogether one of the most wonderful
remains of antiquity. The whole of Arabia Petrea, Edom of the sacred
writers, presents a scene of appalling desolation, completely fulfilling
the denunciation of prophecy.[35] |
Environment: subject to cyclones during rainy season |
Armenia, plains of, 56. |
Footnote 94: |
[1018] Williams and Calvert, Fiji and the Fijians, pp. 144-146. New
York, 1859. |
I am. |
_Manganese_, a metal resembling iron, occurs in Russia, Brazil, and
Cuba, Russia producing about half the total output. It is used mainly to
give hardness to steel. The propeller-blades of large steamships are
usually made of manganese bronze. The building of war-ships in the
United States during the past few years has led to the extensive use of
manganese for armor-plate, and manganese ores to the amount of more than
two hundred and fifty thousand tons were imported in 1900. More than
one-half of this came from Russia; most of the remaining half from
Brazil. |
Defense expenditures: $4.5 billion (1989 est.)
----------------------------------------------------
Country: Switzerland
- Geography
Total area: 41,290 km2; land area: 39,770 km2 |
[Sidenote: POLL (Gadhelic),
PWL (Cym.-Cel.),
POEL (Teut.),] |
Fiscal year: calendar year |
The European part of the plain is highly cultivated, and very productive
in the more civilized countries, in its western and middle regions, and
along the Baltic. The greatest amount of cultivated land lies to the
north of the watershed which stretches from the Carpathians to the
centre of the Ural chain, yet there are large heaths which extend from
the extremity of Jutland through Lunebourg and Westphalia to Belgium.
The land is of excellent quality to the south of it. Round Polkova and
Moscow there is an extent of the finest vegetable mould, equal in size
to France and the Spanish peninsula together, which forms part of the
High Steppe, and is mostly in a state of nature. |
Capital: Brazzaville |
Birth rate: 14 births/1,000 population (1990) |
[Sidenote: Cultural areas in primitive America.] |
a valley; _e.g._ Vallais (the land of valleys), in Switzerland--its
inhabitants were formerly called _Nantuates_, _i.e._ valley dwellers;
Val-de-Avallano (the valley of hazels); Val-de-fuentes (of fountains);
Val-del-laguna (of the lagoon); Val-del-losa (of the flagstone);
Val-del-Moro (of the Moor); Val-de-Olivas (of olive-trees);
Val-de-penas (of the rocks); Val-de-robles (of the oak-trees), in
Spain; Val-de-lys (the valley of streams), in the Pyrenees, from an old
Provençal word _lys_ (water); Vallée-de-Carol (of Charles), through
which Charlemagne passed from his conquest of the Moors; Vallombrosa
(the shady valley); Valparaiso (the valley of Paradise); Valtelline,
in Lombardy, consisting of a long valley, traversed by the R. Adda and
Teglio; Vaucluse, Lat. _Vallis-clusa_ (the enclosed valley); Orvaux,
Lat. _Aure-vallis_ (the golden valley); Riéval, Lat. _Regia-vallis_
(the royal valley); Vals (in the valley of the Volane); Vaucouleurs,
Lat. _Vallis-coloris_ (the valley of colour), in a valley of the
R. Meuse, whose green and smiling meadows have given it this name;
Gerveaux or Yorvaux, in Durham, Lat. _Uri-vallis_ (the valley of the
R. Ure); Pays-de-Vaud (the country of valleys or of the Waldenses);
Clairvaux, Lat. _Clara-vallis_ (the bright valley); Roncesvalles (the
valleys abounding in briers); Vaudemont, Lat. _Vallis-de-monte_ (the
valley of the mountain); Val-di-chiana (the valley of the standing
pool), in Italy. |
Divi-divi, 285 |
Imports: $988 million (c.i.f., 1987);
commodities--petroleum 16%, consumer goods, foods, intermediate goods,
capital equipment;
partners--US 10%, UK, FRG, France, Japan, South Korea, GDR |
Forests of black birch are peculiar to Dahuria, where there are also
apricot and apple trees, and rhododendrons, of which a species grows in
thickets on the hills, with yellow blossoms. Here, and everywhere else
throughout this country, are found all the species of Caragana, a genus
entirely Siberian. Each terrace of the mountains, and each steppe on the
plains, has its peculiar plants, as well as some common to all:
perennial plants are more numerous than annuals. |
Organized labor: 70% of labor force |
a hill fort; _e.g._ Savendroog (golden fort); Viziadroog (the fort
of victory); Chitteldroog (spotted fort); Calliendroog (flourishing
fort); Sindeedroog (the fort of the sun). |
Bronze Age, 181 |
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania |
By wise. |
Extended economic zone: 200 nm; |
Communists: a small number of Communists and sympathizers |
Communists: 500 party members (1982) |
Classes. |
Industrial production: growth rate - 15% (1988 est.) |
Flag: the US flag is used |
ACT V. |
BIRDS OF ASIA AND THE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO. |
- Government
Long-form name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan |
[Sidenote: Boundary zone as index of growth or decline.] |
Title: Influences of Geographic Environment |
[1249] Sir Thomas Holdich, The Indian Borderland, p. 48. London, 1909. |
Be nice to me. |
Judicial branch: Supreme Court |
Natural resources: iron ore, coal, potash, timber |
- People
Population: 16,307,170 (July 1990), growth rate - 0.6% (1990) |
Inland waterways: 1,015 km; Shatt al Arab usually navigable by maritime
traffic for about 130 km, but closed since September 1980 because of Iran-Iraq
war; Tigris and Euphrates navigable by shallow-draft steamers (of little
importance); Shatt al Basrah canal navigable in sections by
shallow-draft vessels |
PO´LYPI. Lat. Plural of polypus. |
[Sidenote: TAMNACH (Gadhelic),] |
Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1990) |
Executive branch: monarch, Executive Council, prime minister, Cabinet |
[763] Cited by E.J. Payne, History of the New World Called America, Vol.
II, p. 292, footnote p. 294. Oxford, 1899. |
Note: located 2,500 km north of New Zealand in the South Pacific
Ocean |
Natural resources: crude oil, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite,
copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver |
GNP: $165 million, per capita $9,170; real growth rate NA% (1982) |
Land use: 5% arable land; 7% permanent crops; 15% meadows and pastures;
37% forest and woodland; 36% other; includes NEGL% irrigated |
[298] A. Heilprin, Geographical Distribution of Animals, pp. 57-61.
London, 1894. |
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA% |
Leaders:
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented
by Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshal Sir Peter TERRY (since
NA 1985); |
Suffrage: universal at age 18 |
When I call away I do not mean that I wish the coal to burn. It is not
necessary to tell me that the peas will suffer. They certainly will not
neither will the pinks. |
Judicial branch: Supreme Court |
[Sidenote: Discontinuous distribution.] |
Climate: tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast
monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation |
Language: English (official), Gilbertese |
Here. |
Merchant marine: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
6,472 GRT/8,914 DWT; includes 2 cargo, 1 container |
In Nova Zembla and other places in the far north, the vegetation is so
stunted that it barely covers the ground, but a much greater variety of
minute plants of considerable beauty are crowded together there in a
small space than in the alpine regions of Europe where the same genera
grow. This arises from the weakness of the vegetation; for in the Swiss
Alps the same plant frequently occupies a large space, excluding every
other, as the dark-blue gentian, the violet-coloured pansy, the pink and
yellow stone-crops. In the remote north, on the contrary, where vitality
is comparatively feeble and the seeds do not ripen, thirty different
species may be seen crowded together in a brilliant mass, no one having
strength to overcome the rest. In such frozen climates plants may be
said to live between the air and the earth, for they scarcely rise above
the soil, and their roots creep along the surface, not having power to
enter it. All the woody plants, as the Betula nana, the reticulated
willow, Andromeda tetragona, with a few berry-bearing shrubs, trail
along the ground, never rising more than an inch or two above it. The
Salix lanata, the giant of these boreal forests, never grows more than
five inches above the surface, while its stem, 10 or 12 feet long, lies
hidden among the moss, owing shelter to its lowly neighbour. |
Labrador Canada
Laccadive Islands India
Laccadive Sea Indian Ocean
La Coruna (US Consular Agency) Spain
Lagos (US Embassy) Nigeria
Lahore (US Consulate General) Pakistan
Lakshadweep India
La Paz (US Embassy) Bolivia
La Perouse Strait Pacific Ocean
Laptev Sea Arctic Ocean
Las Palmas (US Consular Agency) Spain
Latvia Soviet Union (de facto)
Lau Group Fiji
Leningrad (US Consulate General) Soviet Union
Lesser Sunda Islands Indonesia
Leyte Philippines
Liancourt Rocks (claimed by Japan)Korea, South
Libreville (US Embassy) Gabon
Ligurian Sea Atlantic Ocean
Lilongwe (US Embassy) Malawi
Lima (US Embassy) Peru
Lincoln Sea Arctic Ocean
Line Islands Kiribati; Palmyra Atoll
Lisbon (US Embassy) Portugal
Lithuania Soviet Union (de facto)
Lombok Strait Indian Ocean
Lome (US Embassy) Togo
London (US Embassy) United Kingdom
Lord Howe Island Australia
Louisiade Archipelago Papua New Guinea
Loyalty Islands New Caledonia
(Iles Loyaute)
Lubumbashi (US Consulate General) Zaire
Lusaka (US Embassy) Zambia
Luxembourg (US Embassy) Luxembourg
Luzon Philippines
Luzon Strait Pacific Ocean
Lyon (US Consulate General) France |
More. |
Environment: subject to hurricanes; Soufriere volcano is a constant
threat |
The southern portion of the chain consists of ridges following the
general direction of the range, 150 miles broad. At the distance of 360
miles from Cape Lindesnaes, the mountains form a single elevated mass,
terminated by a table-land which maintains an altitude of 4500 feet for
100 miles. It slopes towards the east, and plunges at once in high
precipices into a deep sea on the west. |
Very nicely. |
The production of Bessemer steel at a price far less than that of iron
at the beginning of the nineteenth century lowered the cost of
transporting commodities to the extent that large areas, once of
necessity very moderately productive of food-stuffs, are now densely
peopled because food-stuffs can be transported to these regions more
economically than they can be grown there. Thus, owing to the
improvements in iron and steel manufacture, the farmer of Minnesota, the
planter of Louisiana, the miner of Colorado, and the factory operative
of Massachusetts have each the same comforts of living that are enjoyed
by all the others, and have them at scarcely more than half the cost of
fifty years ago. |
ACT II. |