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license: apache-2.0 |
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<img src="ACE-logo.png" alt="Logo for the ACE Project" style="width: auto; height: 50px;"> |
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# ACE2-SOM |
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Ai2 Climate Emulator (ACE) is a family of models designed to simulate atmospheric variability from the time scale of days to centuries. |
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**Disclaimer: ACE models are research tools and should not be used for operational climate predictions.** |
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ACE2-SOM is the first model we have trained to emulate the sensitivity of climate to substantial increases in carbon dioxide. It consists of ACE2 coupled to a highly simplified physics-based ocean model, called a slab ocean model (SOM), and is trained on equilibrium-climate output from GFDL's SHiELD model coupled to an identical slab ocean with carbon dioxide concentrations of the present-day, double the present-day, and quadruple the present-day (1xCO2, 2xCO2, and 4xCO2). |
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Quick links: |
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- 📃 [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.04418) |
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- 💻 [Code](https://github.com/ai2cm/ace) |
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- 💬 [Docs](https://ai2-climate-emulator.readthedocs.io/en/stable/) |
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- 📂 [All Models](https://huggingface.co/collections/allenai/ace-67327d822f0f0d8e0e5e6ca4) |
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Briefly, the strengths of ACE2-SOM are: |
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- accurate emulation of equilibrium climates with CO2 concentrations ranging from 1xCO2 to 4xCO2, including changes in the spatial patterns of temperature and precipitation, and changes in precipitation extremes between climates |
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- realistic emulation of surface and lower-to-middle atmosphere fields with gradually changing CO2 concentration between 1xCO2 and 4xCO2. |
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Some known weaknesses are: |
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- Sea-ice coverage, ocean heat transport, and ocean mixed layer depth are prescribed based on a present-day climatologies and therefore do not respond to changes in CO2. Prescribed sea-ice in particular means projections with ACE2-SOM are missing an important feedback mechanism known to amplify warming in the polar regions. |
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- Abrupt regime shifts in stratospheric temperature and moisture can occur in inference runs with changing CO2 concentration. |
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- Adjustment to an abrupt change in CO2 concentration occurs too quickly, violating energy conservation. |
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- Sensitivities of the surface and top of atmosphere radiative fluxes to changes in CO2 with the atmospheric state held fixed are not always realistic. |
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