text
listlengths 2
2
|
|---|
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A satire website posted a story that AOC Proposed Ending Social Security Benefits After Age 75\n\nQ1: Who is the 'AOC' the claim refers to?\nA1: U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York\n\nQ2: Which website does the claim refer to as publishing the story in the claim?\nA2: Bustatroll.org\n\nQ3: Did Bustatroll.org publish a story saying that, 'AOC Proposed Ending Social Security Benefits After Age 75'?\nA3: Yes, because The published a story titled 'AOC Proposes Ending Social Security Benefits After Age 75'\n\nQ4: Is the site (Bustatroll.org) a satire website?\nA4: Yes, because There about us page describes them as a 'network of parody, satire, and tomfoolery, or as Snopes called it before they lost their war on satire: Junk News'",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim was made by a satirical website \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev said in a speech, \"Your children's children will live under communism. You Americans are so gullible...\"\n\nQ1: Did then-Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev say in a speech, \"Your children's children will live under communism. You Americans are so gullible...\"?\nA1: No, because There is no record of him saying this.\n\nQ2: Where did this claim originate from?\nA2: A Facebook post.\n\nQ3: What did Facebook label this post as?\nA3: False information\n\nQ4: Is there any evidence to showcase that Khrushchev said the stated claim?\nA4: No, because Khrushchev visted the United States from September 15th to 27th 1959. All his speeches were transcribed in the source. There is no record of him saying the exact stated claim.\n\nQ5: Has Khrushchev ever said that \"Americans are so gullible\"?\nA5: Yes, because In Ezra Taft Benson's 1966 speech, he relayed what Khrushchev allegedly said to him: \"You Americans are so gullible -- no you won't accept communism outright, but we'll keep feeding you small doses of socialism until you will finally wake up and find you already have communism.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the 3rd QA it seems the Khrushchev never spoke those words in a speech, therefore, the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Professor Tasuku Honjo said that coronavirus is “not natural”.\n\nQ1: Did Professor Tasuku Honjo state that coronavirus is “not natural”?\nA1: No, because Professor Honjo released a statement on 27 April saying: “In the wake of the pain, economic loss, and unprecedented global suffering caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, I am greatly saddened that my name and that of Kyoto University have been used to spread false accusations and misinformation.”",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The person who supposedly made the claim has publicly refuted that they said the quote and this is on the official university website.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Professor Tasuku Honjo worked in the Wuhan laboratory in China for four years.\n\nQ1: Where does Professor Honjo currently work?\nA1: Professor Honjo works as a Deputy Director-General and Distinguished Professor at the Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study (KUIAS).\n\nQ2: Has Professor Honjo ever worked in the Wuhan laboratory in China?\nA2: No, because There is no evidence to suggest that Professor Honjo worked at the Wuhan laboratory in China.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Source for both answers shows this man's CV/work biography but I think we need to establish what \"the Wuhan laboratory\" is called.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The CDC does not Recommend That People Who Are Healthy Wear Facemasks\n\nQ1: What is the CDC recommendation on Covid 19\nA1: We now know from recent studies that a significant portion of individuals with coronavirus lack symptoms (\"asymptomatic\") and that even those who eventually develop symptoms (\"pre-symptomatic\") can transmit the virus to others before showing symptoms. This means that the virus can spread between people interacting in close proximity--for example, speaking, coughing, or sneezing--even if those people are not exhibiting symptoms. In light of this new evidence, CDC recommends wearing cloth face coverings in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain (e.g., grocery stores and pharmacies) especially in areas of significant community-based transmission.\n\nQ2: Did the CDC advice on facemasks change over the course of the pandemic?\nA2: Yes, because It was updated on April 3 2020 to recommend the use of facemasks",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Even if someone is healthy, it is recommended that they Wear Facemasks, says the CDC from the source. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Pennsylvania, US, if you're refused service at a store for not wearing a mask you can call the Department of Health and report the store.\n\nQ1: What do the Pennsylvanias Department of health say about mask wearing in stores and business areas?\nA1: The following measures apply to businesses, other than\nhealth care providers, that serve the public within a building or a defined area: Require all customers to wear masks while on premises, and deny entry to\nindividuals not wearing masks, unless the business is providing medication,\nmedical supplies, or food, in which case the business must provide\nalternative methods of pick-up or delivery of such goods; however,\nindividuals who cannot wear a mask due to a medical condition (including\nchildren under the age of 2 years per CDC guidance) may enter the premises\nand are not required to provide documentation of such medical condition;",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Department of Health, says that people should wear their masks unless there are some pre-existing medical conditions \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trader Joe's are giving away a chance to get a $250 coupon.\n\nQ1: Does Trader Joe's give out coupon to customers ?\nA1: The news around the COVID-19 outbreak is constantly changing, but information about food safety and how to keep yourself healthy is crucial right now. Here is a comprehensive list on the foods you should be stocking up on during this period of social distancing, as well as information about your local grocery stores’ changing hours, an explanation of “no-contact delivery,” and a guide on how to help your community and its businesses throughout closures.\n\nThe coronavirus has shown us the good in one another, with countless Americans donating time and funds to support nonprofits dedicated to feeding those in need. At the same time, many scams have popped up as criminals seek to take advantage of unsuspecting strangers by stealing items of value like personal information or money.\n\nTrader Joe's this week warned customers about fake $250 coupons being circulated on Facebook. The grocery chain is NOT giving away free groceries because of the \"Corona Pandemic.\"\nMore From Delish\nCherry Pie\nVideo Player is loading.\nCurrent Time 0:00\nRemaining Time -12:27\n\n\"It has been brought to our attention that organizations may be appropriating the Trader Joe's name in association with coupon, discount, or gift card offerings online,\" the grocer wrote on its website. \"Trader Joe's has NO association with these organizations. We do not offer any Trader Joe's coupons, discounts, or gift cards online.\"\n\nAccording to the Associated Press, social media users were pushed to \"hurry up\" and click on a link to \"collect your FREE voucher.\" The link redirected unassuming customers to a survey about Trader Joe's, which promised a fake coupon would arrive.\n\n\"When alerted to the existence of misleading promotions of this nature, Trader Joe's says it actively attempts to remove its name from any misleading promotions,\" the company said. \"We protect the privacy of the information our customers share with us, and we will never ask for our customers to provide any personal or financial details in our com\n\nQ2: How many customers got the Trader Joe's coupon giveaways?\nA2: Trader Joe's has gathered a cult-like following over the years, earning the title of America's favorite market more than once. Dedicated shoppers love the friendly staff, localized offerings, and unbeatably low prices. But there's more to the seafaring-themed supermarket than meets the eye. Several current and former employees divulged some helpful insider secrets about the famous chain. Here's everything you need to know before grabbing a shopping cart.\n1. Don't expect additional discounts or sales.\n\nTrader Joe's iconic newsletter, the Fearless Flyer, only comes out eight times a year. It highlights the newest products hitting shelves for that time of year, so customers can get a heads up on all the seasonal offerings. However, it's devoid of any coupons or discount offers—because the store already sells all of its products at the lowest possible price point.\n2. Yes, coupons are accepted.\n\nAs mentioned, Trader Joe's does not offer any store coupons. But the chain does accept all manufacturer coupons, according to one personal finance blogger. It's worth a try to save a few extra bucks!",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Q&A pairs state the company has dismissed this claim officially, and does also not offer coupons from their store, but does accept manufacturer coupons on its products sold in store.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 100 Indian nurses in Jhalawar resigned because Jamaatis spit at them\n\nQ1: Did 100 Indian nurses in Jhalawar resigned because Jamaatis spit at them?\nA1: Claim is false and the mass resignation happened due to a completely unrelated reason.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the question and answer pair it seems that the claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sam's Club is giving away $250 coupons to everyone\n\nQ1: How much coupons is Sam's club giving away\nA1: They're giving a 50% off coupon which works with a coupon code for purchases made at their store",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source show that the coupon is for 50% odd not $250 so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Democrats' H.R. 5717 bill would implement a 30% tax on all gun sales and a 50% tax on all ammunition sales.\n\nQ1: What is the H.R. 5717 bill?\nA1: To end the epidemic of gun violence and build safer communities by strengthening Federal firearms laws and supporting gun violence research, intervention, and prevention initiatives.\n\nQ2: How much would taxes on gun sales rise under the H.R. 5717 bill?\nA2: (1) Articles taxable at 30 percent:\n\n“(A) Pistols.\n\n“(B) Revolvers.\n\n“(C) Firearms (other than pistols and revolvers).\n\n“(D) Any lower frame or receiver for a firearm, whether for a semiautomatic pistol, rifle, or shotgun that is designed to accommodate interchangeable upper receivers.\n\nQ3: How much would taxes on ammunition sales rise under the H.R. 5717 bill?\nA3: “(2) Articles taxable at 50 percent: Shells and cartridges.”.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Confirmed in QA pairs one relating to weapons, the other ammunition.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The CDC has stopped reporting flu deaths because they are so low\n\nQ1: Did the CDC continue recording flu deaths after April 2020 (when the claim was made)?\nA1: Yes, because There are continuous weekly reports on the deaths caused by the flu throughout May till December 2020, available on the CDC website for past reports.\n\nQ2: Were flu deaths reported by the CDC before May 2020?\nA2: Yes, because See CDC website showing graphs during that time.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: QA pairs confirm the data is still being published.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Children in the U.S. don't seem to be getting COVID-19.\n\nQ1: How many kids have had COVID-19 cases to date?\nA1: Of the more than 1 million coronavirus cases reported in the country, 40,457 affected patients were 17 or younger.\n\nQ2: Have children in the U.S. died due to COVID-19?\nA2: Yes, because There have been news reports on children's deaths caused by COVID-19.\n\nQ3: How does COVID-19 affect children?\nA3: Children, including very young children, can develop COVID-19. Many of them have no symptoms. Those that do get sick tend to experience milder symptoms such as low-grade fever, fatigue, and cough.\n\nQ4: Are children at a high risk for severe illness due to COVID-19?\nA4: While fewer children have been sick with COVID-19 compared to adults, children can be infected with the virus that causes COVID-19, can get sick from COVID-19, and can spread the virus that causes COVID-19 to others. Children, like adults, who have COVID-19 but have no symptoms (“asymptomatic”) can still spread the virus to others.\n\nMost children with COVID-19 have mild symptoms or have no symptoms at all. However, some children can get severely ill from COVID-19. They might require hospitalization, intensive care, or a ventilator to help them breathe. In rare cases, they might die.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: This is false as out of one million patients in the USA, over fourty thousand were 17 years or younger\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A virus simply does not exist.\n\nQ1: What is a virus?\nA1: A virus is an infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria.\n\nQ2: When were viruses discovered?\nA2: The earliest indications of the biological nature of viruses came from studies in 1892 by the Russian scientist Dmitry I. Ivanovsky and in 1898 by the Dutch scientist Martinus W. Beijerinck.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: A virus exists and is recognised by medical science.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A Facebook post defending the British government’s role in current NHS equipment shortages was written by Jennifer Saunders.\n\nQ1: Does the post give any further information about the writer named as Jennifer Saunders?\nA1: No, because The Facebook post says only: \"a message from Jennifer Saunders\"\nand \"written by Jennifer Saunders\".\n\nQ2: How many writers have the name Jennifer Saunder?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: No evidence in the questions to support or refute. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: New York is one of only 12 states in the USA where the average gallon of gas costs more than $2.00.\n\nQ1: At the time of the claim, ie 27/04/2020, how many USA states had unleaded regular gasoline that cost more than $2.00 a gallon?\nA1: As gas prices continue to push cheaper across the country, only one dozen states carry an average of $2/gallon or more.\n\nQ2: Is New York one of the states which has an average gas price of US$2/gallon or more?\nA2: New York is one of only 12 states where the average gallon of gas costs more than $2.00, according to numbers provided by the AAA of Western and Central New York.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: According to numbers provided by the AAA of Western and Central New York. New York is one of only 12 states where the average gallon of gas costs more than $2.00. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Over 100 nurses in Rajasthan’s Jhalawar (India) resigned because of misconduct by members of the Tablighi Jamaat (non-political organisation) and claim that they were spitting on them.\n\nQ1: What is Tablighi Jamaat ?\nA1: Tablighi Jamaat, which means 'the Society for Spreading Faith', is an Islamic missionary movement which aims to encourage Muslims to return to practising their religion during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and particularly in matters of ritual, dress, and personal behavior. The teachings of Tabligh Jamaat are expressed in \"Six Principles\" - Kalimah (Declaration of faith), Salah (Prayer), Ilm-o-zikr (Knowledge), Ikraam-e-Muslim (Respect of Muslim), Ikhlas-e-Niyyat (Sincerity of intention), Dawat-o-Tableegh (Proselytizaton).\n\nQ2: Who founded The Tablighi ?\nA2: The Tablighi Jama’at was founded in 1926 in Mewat, India, by Maulana Muhammad Ilyas, an Islamic scholar and teacher. The movement began as an effort to counteract the activities of Hindu revivalists in India, who at the time were attempting to convert Muslims to Hinduism. Worried that existing Islamic educational institutions were not capable of fending off the Hindu challenge, Ilyas envisioned a movement that would send missionaries to villages to instill Muslims with core Islamic values.\n\nQ3: Why did the nurses resign from Jhalawar hospital?\nA3: the reports mentioned that the nurses had resigned due to administration issues and to rebel against low wages. The nurses also mentioned in their resignation letter that the healthcare workers weren't being given proper protection gear or PPE kits; they also mentioned how they were willing to come back to work if the conditions improved and if PPE kits were provided.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The third question-answer pair establishes that the reasons for the nurses resignation were to do with administration issues, low wages and lack of PPE. There is no mention of Tablighi Jamaat or spitting. Further questions to establish whether any reports from credible sources had mentioned spitting would have been helpful.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Australia's COVIDsafe app traces and monitors the location of a user.\n\nQ1: Can COVIDsafe app traces and monitors the location of a user ?\nA1: The federal government has announced plans to introduce a contact tracing mobile app to help curb COVID-19’s spread in Australia. However, rather than collecting location data directly from mobile operators, the proposed TraceTogether app will use Bluetooth technology to sense whether users who have voluntarily opted-in have come within nine metres of one another.\n\nContact tracing apps generally store 14-21 days of interaction data between participating devices to help monitor the spread of a disease. The tracking is usually done by government agencies. This form of health surveillance could help the Australian government respond to the coronavirus crisis by proactively placing confirmed and suspected cases in quarantine.\n\nQ2: Does COVIDsafe app use Bluetooth tracking technology ?\nA2: In a scramble to track, and thereby stem the flow of, new cases of the Coronavirus, Governments around the world are rushing to track the locations of their populace. One way to do this is to write a smartphone app which uses Bluetooth technology, and encourage (or mandate) that individuals download and use the app. The aim of this piece is to provide more detail on the technology itself, rather than a deep dive into the risks and whether or not Bluetooth technology should be used.\n\nQ3: Can COVIDsafe app traces and monitors the location of the users ?\nA3: The COVIDsafe app doesn’t have any geolocation capability, it does not track your location, only the proximity of your phone to other people’s phones that have downloaded the app and cannot monitor a person’s location at any time.Experts at the University of Sydney have also stated the app cannot track location.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Evidence finds that Australia's COVIDsafe app does not track your location. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The CARES Act was introduced Jan. 24, 2019.\n\nQ1: When was the CARES Act introduced?\nA1: Sen. Mitch McConnell introduced the CARES Act on March 25 2020.\n\nQ2: When did Donald Trump sign the CARES Act into law?\nA2: The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, also known as the CARES Act, is a $2.2 trillion economic stimulus bill passed by the 116th U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 27, 2020, in response to the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.\n\nQ3: When was the CARES Act in its current form, which Donald Trump signed into law on March 27 2020, introduced in Congress?\nA3: Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., introduced legislation on Thursday (March 19, 2020) to address the economic impact of the coronavirus. This is the third legislative package to deal with the outbreak.\n\nThe 247-page bill, dubbed the CARES Act — the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act — provides direct cash payments, loan guarantees for impacted businesses and more resources for testing and development of vaccines.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: QA Pair 1 states it was brought into law on March 27th 2020 \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: US President Donald Trump tried to defund the National Institute of Health.\n\nQ1: Did President Trump try to defund the NIH?\nA1: Yes, because Trumps 2018 budget proposed and 18 percent cut to the Department of Health and Human Services, including a $5.8 billion reduction for the National Institutes of Health, or about a fifth of its budget.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Evidence provided shows the Trump administration requested a lower budget for NIH in 2020 compared to 2019. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Declassified FBI files show Biden plotted to kidnap John F. Kennedy Jr\n\nQ1: Is there a mention of Joe Biden in the letters that contain the death of John F Kennedy\nA1: The mention was of a threat that Joe received that was signed by John Kennedy",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim appears to be nonsense, the QA is a little complicated to read and understand but it seems to discovers that Joe Biden was sent a letter which contained a threat that appeared to have been signed by John F Kennedy JR but theres no evidence it was him or who actually wrote the letter, theres no evidence to suggest Biden was involved in any plots to kidnap Kennedy JR.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Wisconsin US has no contact tracing program (during COVID-19 pandemic) we can speak of.\n\nQ1: Does Wisconsin and any of the counties within it have any form of contact tracing ongoing\nA1: The Milwaukee city department has dedicated 19 people to contact tracing — about about 8% of its 250-person staff.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the1st QA it seems evident That Wisconsin does have a tracing program. Therefore the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Probability of Coronavirus could reduce from 70% to 1.5% if the COVID-19 carrier and a healthy person are both wearing masks.\n\nQ1: When should one wear a mask\nA1: “In the light of evolving evidence, the World Health Organization advises governments to encourage the general public to wear masks where there is widespread Covid-19 transmission and physical distancing is difficult, such as on public transport, in shops or in other confined or crowded environments,”\n\nQ2: What percentage of COVID-19 transmissions can be reduced by wearing masks\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Is there any data that gives a percentage figure for the efficacy of masks?\nA3: “CDC can’t confirm the accuracy of the numbers reflected in this image. Currently we are not finding any data that can quantify risk reduction from the use of masks”, a CDC spokesperson told Reuters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: there just isn't enough evidence available in these answers to back confirm or deny this claim. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kim Jung Un is dead.\n\nQ1: What did the media report on the authenticity of the report of his death?\nA1: South Korea continued to pour water on mounting speculation about the health of North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un, telling CNN he is \"alive and well.\"\n\n\n\n\"Our government position is firm,\" Moon Chung-in, the top foreign policy adviser to South Korean President Moon Jae-in, told CNN. \"Kim Jong Un is alive and well. He has been staying in the Wonsan area since April 13. No suspicious movements have so far been detected.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Confirmed via South Korean President Moon Jae-in\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Supreme Leader of North Korea, Kim Jung Un, is seriously ill.\n\nQ1: Is North Korea's Supreme Leader, Kim Jung Un, seriously ill?\nA1: In a statement, a spokesman for the South’s presidential Blue House said: “We have nothing to confirm and no special movement has been detected inside North Korea as of now.”\n\nAnd the South’s Yonhap news agency cited an unnamed government official saying that reports Mr Kim was seriously ill were “not true”.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Although the only Q&A pair gives little evidence, it does state a government official said the claim was not true.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Indian government is giving all willing citizens Rs 1000 under a 'Corona Aid Scheme'\n\nQ1: What financial aid did the Indian government announce prior to the date the claim was made (25/4/2020)?\nA1: On 26th March 2020 the Indian Finance Minister announced a Rs 1.7 trillion relief package under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana scheme for the poor to help them fight the battle against Coronavirus. This included:\n\n- Insurance cover of Rs 50 Lakh per health worker fighting COVID-19 to be provided under Insurance Scheme\n- 80 crore poor people will to get 5 kg wheat or rice and 1 kg of preferred pulses for free every month for the next three months\n- 20 crore women Jan Dhan account holders to get Rs 500 per month for next three months\n- Increase in MNREGA wage to Rs 202 a day from Rs 182 to benefit 13.62 crore families\n- An ex-gratia of Rs 1,000 to 3 crore poor senior citizen, poor widows and poor disabled\n- Government to front-load Rs 2,000 paid to farmers in first week of April under existing PM Kisan Yojana to benefit 8.7 crore farmers\n- Central Government has given orders to State Governments to use Building and Construction Workers Welfare Fund to provide relief to Construction Workers\n\nQ2: Did the financial aid package include transferring Rs 1000 to all “willing citizens” as per the claim?\nA2: No, because Cash transfer measures are set to benefit farmers, rural workers, poor pensioners, construction workers, low-income widowers and more.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Not everybody was included.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Presidents Lincoln and Kennedy were Assasinated for trying to end Federal reserve banking system.\n\nQ1: Was President Lincoln And Kennedy Assassinated for trying to End Federal Reserve banking system ?\nA1: There is a meme circulating on Facebook that seems to be based on the conspiracy theory that Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy were assassinated by the Rothschilds because they wanted to “end the federal reserve banking system.” Let’s pick this meme apart to see how historically accurate it is.\n\n1. There was no federal reserve system when Lincoln was president. The Federal Reserve System was not established until 1913.\n\n2. Prior to the Federal Reserve System, there had been a national bank*, and Andrew Jackson had made its end one of his key second-term goals.\n\n3. Two assassins attempted to kill Jackson, but no evidence suggests that they were sent by the Bank.**\n\n4. Some people have emphasized the eerie similarities between Lincoln and Kennedy, which are easily explainable.\n\n* There were two national banks, in fact: The 1st Bank of the U.S., which was chartered from 1791-1811 and the 2nd Bank of the U.S., chartered from 1816-1836.\n\n** There is that pesky Booth letter, though.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is no evidence that Presidents Lincoln and Kennedy were assassinated for trying to end the Federal Reserve banking system.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Without Donald Trump's China travel ban, millions would have died of coronavirus\n\nQ1: Did Donald Trump ban travel to China on January 31st 2020?\nA1: No, because Trump introduced restrictions and limitations to travel but not an outright ban.\n\nQ2: Did the restrictions to travel announced on January 31st 2020, save millions of lives in USA?\nA2: There is no evidence to show that millions of lives were saved.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The first answer and source show that Donald Trump did not make a travel ban so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: As at April 22, in period weeks 1-15, UK had exactly 2,760 less deaths than the exact same period weeks 1-15 in 2018.\n\nQ1: How many deaths were there in the UK in the first 15 weeks of 2018?\nA1: According to the Office for National Statistics there were 153,717 deaths registered in England in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2018. There is no data on this site for the whole of the UK. The 209,249 deaths cited cannot be verified.\n\nQ2: How many deaths were there in the UK in the first 15 weeks of 2020?\nA2: Figures for the first 17 weeks of 2020 show that 229,294 deaths were registered.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is no data to refute or support this claim. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In the USA Mosques have been allowed to remain open for services during Covid-19, while churches have not.\n\nQ1: Were churches allowed to operate during the pandemic\nA1: Np mosques were left open\n\nQ2: Which states have prohibited religious gatherings in the United States?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Which states have exempted religious gatherings from the stay-at-home order?\nA3: Arizona\nColorado\nDelaware\nFlorida\nKentucky\nMichigan\nNew Mexico\nNorth Carolina\nPennsylvania\nTexas\nWest Virginia\nWisconsin\n\nQ4: How many states have prohibited religious gatherings in the United States?\nA4: 10 states are preventing in-person religious gatherings in any form, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of recent state-level regulations.\n\nQ5: Are churches and mosques both religious gatherings?\nA5: They are both religious congregations.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Some states in the USA makes an exemption for life-sustaining business and religious organizations that provide “food, shelter, social services, and other necessities of life” for people disadvantaged or in need because of the pandemic. However, the organizations must apply social distance as much as possible, including ending in-person retail. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A photo of a billboard in the United States highlights advice from Islam’s prophet regarding guidelines during the pandemic.\n\nQ1: Where was the billboard situated\nA1: It was situated in Chicago\n\nQ2: Which organization posted the billboard\nA2: GainPeace has launched a billboard to salute the heroes who are in the frontline of taking care of those affected by COVID-19",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The organisation that created the billboard said \"This billboard also highlights the amazing advice of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, regarding the prevention and guidelines during an pandemic.\"\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Home Minister Anil Deshmukh said “No Hindu among those arrested in Palghar lynching incident\".\n\nQ1: Was there a lynching incident in Palghar ?\nA1: Yes, because Home Minister ANIL DESHMUKH tweeted that the lynching was a grotesque incident which happened due to rumours on social media about child kidnappers & thieves prowling in the area\n\nQ2: Was anyone arrested in connection to the lynching?\nA2: 101 arrested in the #Palghar incident\n\nQ3: Did ANIL DESHMUKH say no Hindu's were arrested in the incedent?\nA3: No, because Addressing a press conference, Deshmukh said that there are no Muslims on the list.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Deshmukh said that there are no Muslims on the list.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Actor Aamir Khan distributed 1kg packets of flour containing Rs 15,000 in the sums of Mumbai.\n\nQ1: Has Actor Aamir Khan commented on the claim he is giving out free cash in wheat bags?\nA1: he took to twitter and said:\n\n\"Guys, I am not the person putting money in wheat bags. Its either a fake story completely, or Robin Hood doesn't want to reveal himself! \nStay safe. \nLove. \na.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: This claim is refuted. According to the QA pairs, actor Aamir Khan took to his official verified twitter to dispell the claim. Aamir Khan tweeted that \"I am not the person putting money in wheat bags\", denying the claim. Therefore, this claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There's a COVID-19 law that requires rent (or mortgage) refunds.\n\nQ1: Which law created during the pandemic calls for a refund on rent\nA1: Rent and Mortgage Cancellation Act of 2020\n\nQ2: Has the Rent and Mortgage Cancellation Act of 2020 been made into a law\nA2: No, because The bill has attracted 27 House cosponsors, all Democrats. It awaits a potential vote in the House Financial Services Committee.\n\nOdds of passage are low in the Republican-controlled Senate.\n\nQ3: Is the Rent and Mortgage Cancellation Act of 2020 a law or just a bill that has been referred to the house committee for discussion?\nA3: It was sent to the house and awaits a 'potential vote' in the House Financial Services Committee.\n\nQ4: Due to this bill are people due refunds on rent and mortgage payments?\nA4: No, because No program like that exists",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Q&as make it clear that this was never voted upon, and has never become a law. So the claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: No Covid-19 patients in the United States have been denied a ventilator.\n\nQ1: Was there a ventilator shortage in the USA for covid-19 patients?\nA1: On April 6, Cuomo said his state had not \"lost anyone because we didn't have a bed or we didn't have a ventilator.\".\n\nQ2: How many ventilators were available vs people admitted with Covid-19?\nA2: Around 50% of total ventilators ended up being in use.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Q&A pair state that the claim was true by some margin.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: U.S. Senator Joni Ernst reversed support for a coronavirus relief plan which offered nearly half a trillion dollars for small businesses, hospitals and testing.\n\nQ1: Did Senator Joni Ernst push for new funding for hospitals and small businesses\nA1: After hearing from Iowans and seeing the overwhelming response of small businesses across the country, it’s clear we need to bolster the Paycheck Protection Program. We don’t have time for political games; we’re in a crisis. Workers and employers in Iowa and across the country need this relief now more than ever, so let’s put aside the politics and swiftly get this specific additional support for small businesses approved so money can keep flowing, Iowa workers can continue to collect a paycheck, and our state’s small businesses can stay afloat,” said Senator Ernst\n\nQ2: Was senator Ernst against adding health care to the PPP bills being passed by the senate\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answers do not show any evidence that the support was reversed by Senator Joni Ernst so I cannot support or refute the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former Nigeria VP Abubakar’s claims about the economy - The price of oil was lower when president Obasanjo and Abubakar assumed office on 29 May 1999 than it is today ...\n\nQ1: How much was crude oil in Nigeria in 1999\nA1: US$16.94 per barrel\n\nQ2: Crude oil price in Nigeria in 2020\nA2: US$94.95 per barrel",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: was $78.01usd cheaper in 1999\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Wisconsin is clearly seeing a decline in COVID infections\n\nQ1: How many confirmed cases in Wisconsin during this time period?\nA1: Zooming in to the last six days (April 15 to 20), Wisconsin had between 147 and 170 new confirmed cases per day. The tally was lower the days before that due to a lower number of tests being performed.\n\nThe most recent tally released prior to the statement from Vos and Fitzgerald was April 20, with 153 cases, up six from the day before. That’s on par with the April average of 157 new cases per day.\n\nQ2: What about hospitalizations?\nA2: This is the lone metric that shows a decline over the last couple weeks.\n\nAfter rising to start the month, the daily tally leveled off around 440 per day from April 9 to 14.\n\nThe number then dropped for two days before holding steady between 357 and 361 from April 17 to 21.\n\nQ3: Does this show a clear decline in COVID infections?\nA3: There are a lot of ways to slice the coronavirus data, but this is an exaggeration.\n\nNew cases and deaths in the week before this claim were roughly in line with both the preceding week and the averages for the month of April. Hospitalizations had dropped somewhat from the week prior, but were holding steady for the five preceding days.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Lower numbers seem attributed to lesser testing.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Was the Biden campaign correct in saying top CDC official was 'silenced'.\n\nQ1: Did Nancy Messonnier stop briefing the Trump administration\nA1: No, because She came under fire from the administration and has toned down her advisories.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Seems the official is still doing the briefing therefore the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Novel coronavirus was spreading in US as early as November 2019\n\nQ1: What is novel coronavirus?\nA1: The novel coronavirus was similar to other coronaviruses known to have originated in bats and was thought to be passed from bats to other animals before being transmitted to humans.\n\nQ2: What Novel coronavirus does the claim refer to?\nA2: A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV,\nalso referred to as SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19), which has resulted in millions of confirmed human infections globally.\nCases of asymptomatic infection, mild illness, severe illness, and deaths have been reported.\n\nQ3: When was the novel coronavirus Covid 19 first detected in the U.S ?\nA3: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s data on COVID-19 cases in the United States lists the earliest date of illness onset as January 14, 2020.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The evidence shown by the source Q&A shows that the first identified case of COVID-19 was on 14th of January 2020. And therefore refutes the claim. I would however have added evidence of the authenticity of the claim source. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Coronavirus started spreading in the US in November 2019.\n\nQ1: What is coronavirus?\nA1: Coronaviruses (CoVs) are the largest group of viruses belonging to the Nidovirales order, which includes Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, Mesoniviridae, and Roniviridae families. The Coronavirinae comprise one of two subfamilies in the Coronaviridae family, with the other being the Torovirinae. The Coronavirinae are further subdivided into four genera, the alpha, beta, gamma, and delta coronaviruses.\n\nQ2: Which strain of coronavirus does the claim refer to?\nA2: COVID-19, the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus.\n\nQ3: When was Covid 19 first reported in the U.S?\nA3: data for COVID-19 cases in the U.S lists the earliest date of illness onset as January 14, 2020.\n\nQ4: Are there any reports of Covid 19 illnesses in the U.S before January 2020?\nA4: No, because The outbreak only began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The questions are very thorough and show when the first recorded case in the US was.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria's debt had been paid off by the time former President Obasanjo and VP Abubakar exited office in 2007.\n\nQ1: When did President Obasanjo and VP Abubakar exited office in Nigeria?\nA1: 29th May 2007\n\nQ2: How much was Nigeria's foreign debt by May 2007?\nA2: $3,654.21 Billion",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The second answer shows that nigeria had $3,654.21 Billion debt when President \nNigeria's debt had been paid off by the time former President left office\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa is projecting that Africa’s growth will drop to 1.8%, and perhaps lower.\n\nQ1: What is the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa's economic forecast for Africa's growth?\nA1: This, as the pandemic continues to impact the continent's struggling economies whose growth will slow from 3.2 percent to 1.8 percent at best, pushing nearly 27 million people into extreme poverty.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source show that the projection in the claim is correct so the claim is supported. (I had to use a translation tool for the source)\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Safer at Home plan, implemented in Wisconsin, US during the COVID-19 pandemic, has prevented the death of at least 300 Wisconsinites.\n\nQ1: What did Wisconsin's Safer At Home during the COVID-19 pandemic directive entail?\nA1: In an effort to limit all nonessential interactions between people as the number of novel coronavirus cases across the state increase, Wisconsin Gov. Tony Evers will issue a \"safer at home\" order on Tuesday, he announced via Twitter Monday morning, which would mandate people can only leave their homes for essential needs \"like going to the doctor, grabbing groceries, or getting medication.\"\n\nQ2: What were the estimated deaths in Wisconsin?\nA2: A model created by the Wisconsin Department of Health Services, released March 18, 2020 projected between 440 and 1,500 deaths in Wisconsin by April 8.\n\nQ3: What was the actual death toll from COVID-19 by April 8 in Wisconsin ?\nA3: 99 deaths were recorded.\n\nQ4: Is there evidence that staying home during a pandemic helps save lives?\nA4: Yes, because The John Hopkins University said their scientific simulations showed about three times as many deaths had for the Safer At home not been implemented.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The John Hopkins University said their scientific simulations showed about three times as many deaths had for the Safer At home not been implemented.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Covid-19 virus is a miracle of miracles, a miracle of miracles! Children do not die, do not get ill, do not end up in intensive care up to 20 years old.\"\n\nQ1: Do children catch covid-19?\nA1: yes, The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention stated in a report published on April 6 that among 149,082 (99.6%) reported COVID-19 cases for which age was known, 2,572 (1.7%) were among children younger than 18 years.\n\nQ2: Do children get hospitalised from covid-19?\nA2: Yes - The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention stated in a report published on April 6 that among 149,082 (99.6%) reported COVID-19 cases for which age was known, 2,572 (1.7%) were among children younger than 18 years. Of those, an estimated 5.7- 20 percent were hospitalized,\n\nQ3: Have any children died from covid 19?\nA3: Yes - The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention stated in a report published on April 6 that among 149,082 (99.6%) reported COVID-19 cases for which age was known, 2,572 (1.7%) were among children younger than 18 years. Of those, an estimated 5.7- 20 percent were hospitalized, 0.58-2.0 percent were placed in an intensive care unit and three died",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Q&A 1 disputes the part of the claim that says kids up to 20 don't get covid, as it shows they do.\nQ&A 2 shows they also get hospitalised which is against the claim that they don't.\nQ&A 3 points out that kids also die of covid which again is against the claim that they don't.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Quinine found in tonic water along with 50-100mg of zinc daily will kill COVID-19.\n\nQ1: How much quinine is there in tonic water?\nA1: Up to 83 parts per million\n\nQ2: How much zinc can a human safely consume in a day?\nA2: 40mg per day\n\nQ3: Is quinine used as anti-viral drug against Covid-19?\nA3: Quinine is used chiefly in the treatment of malaria.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: As the zinc recommended in this claim is higher than the safe limits and that quinine is not a registered treatment for COVID-19, the claim is not correct. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Being long term unemployed for a year or over nearly halves your chances of ever getting back into employment.\n\nQ1: Does being out of unemployment for a year or over halve your chances of ever getting back into employment?\nA1: Recent analysis suggests people unemployed for one to two years have a 44 per cent smaller chance of finding work within the next year than people unemployed for less than three months. For those unemployed longer, the likelihood is even slimmer.\n\nQ2: Is it hard for people who are unemployed to find jobs?\nA2: Yes, because It’s not easy for people who are unemployed to find a job.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The first question and answer pair supports the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: An image shared on Facebook over 4,100 times claims 42 Democratic senators, plus two Independents, voted against sending direct payments to Americans as part of the coronavirus economic stimulus package.\n\nQ1: DID 44 SENATORS VOTE AGAINST SENDING AMERICANS CORONAVIRUS STIMULUS PAYMENTS?\nA1: While Democratic senators voted against moving the bill forward in earlier procedural votes over policy concerns, the Senate passed the final version unanimously.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The bill was passed unanimously, which means regardless the earlier votes weren't the ones that counted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: First Lady Aisha Buhari claims that her husband Muhammadu Buhari is dead.\n\nQ1: When was this claim made?\nA1: Some time in 2019.\n\nQ2: Who is Muhammadu Buhari?\nA2: Muhammadu Buhari GCFR (born 17 December 1942) is a Nigerian politician, who has served as the president of Nigeria since 2015\n\nQ3: Did Nigeria's First Lady claim that her husband was dead?\nA3: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is no evidence that Aisha Buhari said that Muhammad Buhari is dead.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Convalescent plasma therapy showing promise against COVID-19\n\nQ1: What is Convalescent plasma therapy?\nA1: Using convalescent plasma -- a component of blood -- as a treatment is a decades-old idea, and has been used to treat other diseases like influenza and measles. When a patient recovers from a disease, they produce antibodies to fight the presence of the antigen that caused the disease, and those proteins will remain in the blood for a few months.\n\nQ2: What proof is there that Convalescent plasma therapy is working for coronavirus patients?\nA2: Results All 5 patients (age range, 36-65 years; 2 women) were receiving mechanical ventilation at the time of treatment and all had received antiviral agents and methylprednisolone. Following plasma transfusion, body temperature normalized within 3 days in 4 of 5 patients, the SOFA score decreased, and Pao2/Fio2 increased within 12 days (range, 172-276 before and 284-366 after). Viral loads also decreased and became negative within 12 days after the transfusion, and SARS-CoV-2–specific ELISA and neutralizing antibody titers increased following the transfusion (range, 40-60 before and 80-320 on day 7). ARDS resolved in 4 patients at 12 days after transfusion, and 3 patients were weaned from mechanical ventilation within 2 weeks of treatment. Of the 5 patients, 3 have been discharged from the hospital (length of stay: 53, 51, and 55 days), and 2 are in stable condition at 37 days after transfusion.\n\nConclusions and Relevance In this preliminary uncontrolled case series of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 and ARDS, administration of convalescent plasma containing neutralizing antibody was followed by improvement in their clinical status. The limited sample size and study design preclude a definitive statement about the potential effectiveness of this treatment, and these observations require evaluation in clinical trials.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Seems from the clinical data found in the questions to the answers, that this plasma therapy is indeed promising. Therefore, the claim is supported\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Do half an hour of meditation twice a day to stay away from COVID-19.\n\nQ1: Have there been any studies to show the benefits of Meditation against Covid?\nA1: The Department of Science and Technology (DST) has invited researchers to study the benefits of yoga and meditation in fighting Covid-19 and similar viruses.\n\nQ2: Is there an official guidance to do Meditation to prevent covid?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the question and answer pairs there is not enough evidence for the claim to be labeled.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Keep the room temperature at 30-40 degrees Celsius to prevent COVID-19.\n\nQ1: Does WHO recommend keeping the room temperature at 30-40 degrees Celsius to prevent COVID-19.?\nA1: This information is not listed in their recommendations, instead they have listed:\n\nProtect yourself and those around you:\n\nGet vaccinated as soon as it’s your turn and follow local guidance on vaccination.\nKeep physical distance of at least 1 metre from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Avoid crowds and close contact.\nWear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible and in poorly ventilated settings.\nClean your hands frequently with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.\nCover your mouth and nose with a bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Dispose of used tissues immediately and clean hands regularly. \nIf you develop symptoms or test positive for COVID-19, self-isolate until you recover.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: This information is not listed in their recommendations, instead they have listed:\nGet vaccinated as soon as it’s your turn and follow local guidance on vaccination.\nKeep physical distance of at least 1 metre from others, even if they don’t appear to be sick. Avoid crowds and close contact.\nWear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible and in poorly ventilated settings.\nClean your hands frequently with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.\nCover your mouth and nose with a bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Dispose of used tissues immediately and clean hands regularly. \nIf you develop symptoms or test positive for COVID-19, self-isolate until you recover.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: If the patient has energy then s/he should run half an hour twice a day. This will burn the cough inside.\n\nQ1: Does running cure cough\nA1: The treatments include:\n- decongestants to help with coughing and congestion\n- cough medicine and cough drops\nover-the-counter pain and fever relievers, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen\n- chest vapor rubs to help with congestion\n- steamy showers to help relieve congestion\nusing a humidifier while asleep to reduce air dryness and help with coughing",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer shows that running is not one of the things that will help a cough and so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Drinking milk three times a day with Shilajit, and Licorice (Mulethi) for five days can help beat the virus.\n\nQ1: Can any information be found about Licorice or any of the herbs about preventing/curing COVID-19?\nA1: There is a study done with licorice root, but it was not considered a cure or preventative treatment.\nConsidering all these results, it can\nbe predicted that licorice root preparations can be applied as a\nsupport to existing treatments in severe cases of COVID-19 with\nmild symptoms or pneumonia.\n\nQ2: Is there any mention of taking the herbs with milk to help COVID-19?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Very scant evidence of efficacy of herbs to prevent COVID\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Drinking milk with honey on an empty stomach is the antidote to COVID-19.\n\nQ1: What is the role of diet and nutrition during the COVID-19 pandemic?\nA1: nutrition is intricately linked to immunity and to the risk and severity of infections. Poorly nourished individuals are at a greater risk of various bacterial, viral, and other infections. \nConversely, chronic or severe infections lead to nutritional disorders or worsen the nutritional status of affected people. Therefore, it is imperative for all of us to pay attention to our diet and nutritional status during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.\n\nQ2: What recommendations are given?\nA2: Indeed, consuming good quality diets is always desirable, and this is particularly important during the COVID-19 pandemic. A healthy diet, as depicted by the Healthy Eating Plate, emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts, moderate consumption of fish, dairy foods, and poultry, and limited intake of red and processed meat, refined carbohydrates, and sugar. Added fats should be primarily liquid oils such as olive, canola, or soybean oil.\n\nQ3: What research supports drinking milk with honey on an empty stomach as the antidote to COVID-19?\nA3: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is no evidence provided to support the claim \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Buhari of Nigeria has decided to resign but some Nigerians are against it.\n\nQ1: Where was this claim published?\nA1: Igbowatch\n\nQ2: What does Igbowatch say about the claim now?\nA2: APPEAL /Apology Over False Content.\n\n\n \n\nAn Earlier Version of this content was rated False by Dubawa via https://dubawa.org/buharis-would-be-resignation-plot-is-a-hoax/\n\nTHE version of the Incorrectly stated that President Muhammadu Buhari said he wanted to resign that Nigerians are saying No.\n\n\nWe have since punished the Content creator over such False News and wish to apologize to our Readers.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim was false and the publishers have since apologised\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Drinking ash of Phyllostachys nigra (black bamboo) mixed with honey and cow’s milk is a potent treatment for COVID-19.\n\nQ1: Is black bamboo used in alternative medicine?\nA1: Yes, because 2.1.2 Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro Commonly known as “black bamboo”, this is another major species in the genus Phyllostachys. Flavonoids extracted from black bamboo leaves have potent antioxidant activities (Hu et al., 2000; Zhang et al., 2002). Among these flavonoids, flavone c-glucosides and p-coumaric acid reportedly have long retention time in the colon and may contribute to free radical scavenging (Zhang et al., 2007). Luteolin 6-C-(6″-O-trans-caffeoylglucoside), an antioxidant isolated from the leaves, has been reported to protect against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells (Lee et al., 2010). It also enhances the activity of aldose reductase and inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end products, and therefore may potentially have a role in the prevention of diabetic complications (Jung et al., 2007).\nOrientin, another antioxidant obtained from the leaves of black bamboo, exerts vaso-relaxant activity through the inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release and extracellular Ca2+ influx (Fu et al., 2005). Orientin also prevents apoptosis induced by hypoxia and reoxygenation in myocardium and cardiomyocytes. The mechanism for this effect is inhibition of the activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (Fu et al., 2006). These studies suggest potential for cardio-protective effects.\n\nThe acetone fraction of the leaves of Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro has been shown to enhance leukemia cell differentiation (Kim et al., 2007b), and inhibit interleukin-12 (IL-12) production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages via decreasing NF-kappaB binding activity (Kim et al., 2007a). These preliminary findings suggest potential anti-leukemia and anti-inflammation effects of the acetone extract.\n\nQ2: Can alternative medicines be used to effectively treat Covid-19?\nA2: No, because It's a myth",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: QA pair states black bamboo is an alternative medicine and in another states no evidence to support alternative medicines being helpful.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: China halted exports of face masks to US during the coronavirus pandemic\n\nQ1: Did China stop exporting masks to other countries ?\nA1: China stopped exporting masks and imported 56 million masks in the first week of January;\n\nQ2: Why did they stop exports?\nA2: China had a greater need. Masks were donated to China by some countries. In the midst of the crisis, Chinese demand was estimated at 240 million masks per day (more than ten times its manufacturing capacity).\n\nQ3: Were there some exports of masks get sent from China to USA?\nA3: On Sunday, March 29th, Atlas Air operated the first flight for Project Airbridge from Shanghai, China into New York City’s John F. Kennedy International Airport. The flight carried 130,000 N-95 masks; nearly 1.8 million surgical masks and gowns; more than 10.3 million gloves; and more than 70,000 thermometers.\n\nQ4: How much did China's exports of PPE including masks decline during January to February of 2020?\nA4: China’s exports to the world of personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by medical professionals when treating coronavirus (COVID-19) declined by only 15 percent in January and February of 2020 compared with the same two-month period in 2019.\n\nQ5: Did China at any point during the COVID-19 pandemic halt exports of masks to the United States?\nA5: No, because China never stopped exports of facemasks. Instead, export restrictions were implemented meaning less facemasks were delivered to the United States but nevertheless implemented: \"Chinese officials have said they are intended to ensure the quality of exported medical products and to make sure needed goods aren’t being shipped out of China.\"\n\nQ6: How many masks did China export to the United States in March 2020?\nA6: On Sunday, March 29th, Atlas Air operated the first flight for Project Airbridge from Shanghai, China into New York City’s John F. Kennedy International Airport. The flight carried 130,000 N-95 masks; nearly 1.8 million surgical masks.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Q&A 1 and 2 show that china did not halt the export of protective masks at any time to the U.S or other countries. which contradicts the claim saying they did\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former President Olusegun Obasanjo donated 5000 naira each to Nigerians.\n\nQ1: Did the president do an interview and mention giving Nigerians 5000 naira each?\nA1: The president did an interview on March 2nd 2020 but at no point mentioned giving 5000 Naira to Nigerians.\n\nQ2: Did the president offer any other donations to the people of Nigeria during the covid pandemic?\nA2: A press statement signed and issued in Abeokuta, Ogun state capital on Friday by Kehinde Akinyemi, Special Assistant to Obasanjo on Media, partly reads, “Former President, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo on Friday, announced that his former residence at the Presidential Hilltop, Abeokuta, Ogun State be used as Isolation centre for victims of the dreaded Coronavirus disease.”",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: No record of 5000 naira donations taking place.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Prior to Nigeria’s former Chief of Staff Abba Kyari's death, Kyari was flown to the United Kingdom for medical treatment and his body was later cremated.\n\nQ1: Where did Abba Kyari die\nA1: He died in Lagos, Nigeria on the 17th of April\n\nQ2: What hospital was Kyari said to have been treated in the UK?\nA2: Wellington hospital in London.\n\nQ3: Did Wellington hospital treat covid patients?\nA3: No, because “Please do not attend an HCA UK facility for any reason if you have a high temperature (more than 37.8 degrees) or have a new continuous cough or streaming nose or flu-like symptoms. If you do have these symptoms or anyone in your household does, please follow Public Health England guidance,” the company warns. \n\n“We are not accepting direct admissions of patients that have coronavirus. If you believe you have coronavirus symptoms, please follow guidance from the NHS [National Health Service].”\n\nQ4: Is it standard policy in the UK for COVID-19 victims who pass away to be cremated?\nA4: This means COVID-19 fatalities cannot be cremated against their wish and may be buried normally. The regulation accords with that of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) which states that “decedents [deceased persons] with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 can be buried or cremated as usual.”",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Kyari did not fly to the United Kingdom for medical treatment and his body was not later cremated in UK.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Barcodes tell consumers where a product was manufactured.\n\nQ1: Can a product's barcode tell you where it was made?\nA1: No, because ...since GS1 member companies can manufacture products anywhere in the world, GS1 prefixes do not identify the country of origin for a given product.\n\nQ2: Do product barcodes tell you the country of origin of the manufacturing company?\nA2: Yes, because The prefix indicates the country where it was obtained.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer shows that a barcode would not tell the country of manufacture so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Chief of Staff to the President of Nigeria, Mallam Abba Kyari, died of ulcer and not coronavirus.\n\nQ1: What was the official cause of death for the President of Nigeria's chief of staff Mallam Abba Kyari?\nA1: Abba Kyari, the President of Nigeria's Chief of Staff died of coronavirus.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Death caused by coronavirus confirmed in Q and A pair. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The seasonal flu killed 80,000 people in the United States in 2018-2019\n\nQ1: What was the mortality rate of the seasonal flu in 2018-2019 in the United States ?\nA1: 2018-2019 Estimates\n\nInfluenza activity in the United States during the 2018–2019 season began to increase in November and remained at high levels for several weeks during January–February5. Influenza A viruses were the predominant circulating viruses last year. While influenza A(H1N1pdm09) viruses predominated from October 2018 – mid February 2019, influenza A(H3N2) viruses were more commonly reported starting in late February 2019. Influenza B viruses were not commonly reported among circulating viruses during the 2018–2019 season. The season had moderate severity based on levels of outpatient influenza-like illness, hospitalizations rates, and proportions of pneumonia and influenza-associated deaths.\n\nCDC estimates that the burden of illness during the 2018–2019 season included an estimated 35.5 million people getting sick with influenza, 16.5 million people going to a health care provider for their illness, 490,600 hospitalizations, and 34,200 deaths from influenza (Table 1). The number of influenza-associated illnesses that occurred last season was similar to the estimated number of influenza-associated illnesses during the 2012–2013 influenza season when an estimated 34 million people had symptomatic influenza illness6.\n\nPeak activity during the 2018–2019 influenza season was classified as having moderate severity across ages in the population. Compared with the 2017–2018 season , which was classified as high severity, the overall rates and burden of influenza were much lower during the 2018–2019 season (Table 2). Among children, however, rates of influenza during the 2018–2019 season were similar to the 2017–2018 season. In addition, the 2018–2019 season had two waves of activity, including a wave predominated by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and another wave of similar magnitude attributable to influenza A(H3N2) viruses5. The dual waves resulted in a protracted season during 2018–2019 that was less severe when compared with peak activity in 2017–2018, but r\n\nQ2: How many people got infected with the seasonal flu in 2018-2019 in the United States ?\nA2: The overall burden of influenza (flu) for the 2018-2019 season was an estimated 29 million flu illnesses, 13 million flu-related medical visits, 380,000 flu-related hospitalizations, and 28,000 flu deaths (Table 1).\n\nFor the past several years, CDC has estimated the numbers of flu illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths1–4. More information on How CDC Estimates Flu Burden and Why CDC Estimates Flu Burden is available.\nTable 1: Estimated flu disease burden, by age group — United States, 2018-2019 flu season \tSymptomatic Illnesses \tMedical Visits \tHospitalizations \tDeaths\nAge group \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95%UI\n0-4 yrs \t3,018,815 \t(2,319,772,\n5,005,822) \t2,022,606 \t(1,522,305,\n3,374,004) \t21,046 \t(16,172, 34,898) \t216 \t(69,\n502)\n5-17 yrs \t6,622,851 \t(5,006,844,\n10,617,532) \t3,443,883 \t(2,547,057,\n5,553,055) \t18,159 \t(13,728, 29,112) \t156 \t(30,\n409)\n18-49 yrs \t9,794,700 \t(7,205,302,\n17,527,935) \t3,624,039 \t(2,550,391,\n6,605,886) \t54,978 \t(40,443, 98,384) \t1,590 \t(987,\n3,087)\n50-64 yrs \t7,224,769 \t(5,453,473,\n13,201,659) \t3,106,651 \t(2,222,000,\n5,746,545) \t76,617 \t(57,833, 140,000) \t4,396 \t(3,056,\n8,217)\n65+ yrs \t2,247,586 \t(1,548,671,\n5,267,177) \t1,258,648 \t(835,232,\n2,966,683) \t204,326 \t(140,788, 478,834) \t21,261 \t(12,937,\n89,319)\nAll ages \t28,908,721 \t(24,936,334,\n40,457,303) \t13,455,826 \t(11,504,478,\n18,597,441) \t375,126 \t(302,196, 662,964) \t27,619 \t(19,108,\n96,808)\nTable 2: Estimated rates of flu-related disease outcomes, per 100,000, by age group — United States, 2018-2019 flu season \tIllness rate \tMedical visit rate \tHospitalization rate \tMortality rate\nAge group \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95% UI \tEstimate \t95% UI\n0-4 yrs \t15,238.60 \t(11,709.9,\n25,268.8) \t10,209.90 \t(7,684.4,\n17,031.6) \t106.2 \t(81.6,\n176.2) \t1.1 \t(0.4,\n2.5)\n5-17 yrs \t12,358.60 \t( 9,343.0,\n19,812.9) \t6,426.50 \t(4,752.9,\n10,362.3) \t33.9 \t(25.6,\n54.3) \t0.3 \t(0.1,\n0.8)\n18-49 yrs \t7,088.40 \t( 5,214.4,\n12,684.9) \t2,622.70 \t(1,",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: CDC estimates 28,000 deaths from influenza not 80,000.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: All vaccines contain MRC-5 cells, which are aborted fetal cells.\n\nQ1: What is MRC-5?\nA1: Human Cell Strains.\nTwo main human cell strains have been used to develop currently available vaccines, in each case with the original fetal cells in question obtained in the 1960s. The WI-38 cell strain was developed in 1962 in the United States, and the MRC-5 cell strain (also started with fetal lung cells) was developed, using Hayflick's technology, in 1970 at the Medical Research Center in the United Kingdom.\n\nQ2: What vaccines has MRC-5 been used to develop?\nA2: The vaccines below were developed using either the WI-38 or the MRC-5 cell strains.\n\nHepatitis A vaccines [VAQTA/Merck, Havrix/GlaxoSmithKline, and part of Twinrix/GlaxoSmithKline]\nRubella vaccine [MERUVAX II/Merck, part of MMR II/Merck, and ProQuad/Merck]\nVaricella (chickenpox) vaccine [Varivax/Merck, and part of ProQuad/Merck]\nZoster (shingles) vaccine [Zostavax/Merck]\nAdenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 oral vaccine [Barr Labs] *\nRabies vaccine [IMOVAX/Sanofi Pasteur] *\n\nQ3: Is there a Code of Ethics about using human fetal tissue for research?\nA3: Yes, because Code of Medical Ethics Opinion 7.3.5\n\nQ4: How many vaccines have been developed using human fetus?\nA4: In total only two fetuses, both obtained from abortions done by maternal choice, have given rise to the human cell strains used in vaccine development. Neither abortion was performed for the purpose of vaccine development.\n\nQ5: How many authorised vaccines contain MRC-5?\nA5: USA 9",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Some vaccines were developed using MRC-5 cells but not all. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Chinese products can be identified by the first three digits of a barcode\n\nQ1: Does the GS1 Prefix (first 2 or 3 digits of the EAN-13 barcode number) show the country of origin?\nA1: No, The GS1 Prefix does not show the country of origin.\nAn EAN-13 barcode number always starts with the GS1 Prefix of the GS1 Member Organisation that allocated the barcode number. The GS1 Prefix does not indicate that the product was manufactured in a specific country or by a specific manufacturer; it may have been produced anywhere in the world.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The prefix does not indicate country of origin.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There is always the possibility of an iatrogenic reaction to a vaccine.\n\nQ1: Can vaccines cause an iatrogenic reaction?\nA1: Yes, because Vaccines can cause a risk of side effects or complications.\n\nQ2: What is a Iatrogenic reaction?\nA2: Iatrogenic disease is the result of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures undertaken on a patient. With the multitude of drugs prescribed to a single patient adverse drug reactions are bound to occur. The Physician should take suitable steps to detect and manage them.\n\nIatrogenic (of a disease or symptoms) induced in a patient by the treatment or comments of a physician.\n\nChambers English Dictionary\n\nQ3: Are vaccines safe despite the risk of side effects or complications?\nA3: Any vaccine can cause side effects. For the most part these are minor (for example, a sore arm or low-grade fever) and go away within a few days. \n\nRemember, vaccines are continually monitored for safety, and like any medication, vaccines can cause side effects. However, a decision not to immunize a child also involves risk and could put the child and others who come into contact with him or her at risk of contracting a potentially deadly disease.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Yes,fro the 1st and 2nd QA it seems plausible that vaccines might cause an iatrogenic reaction. Therefore the claim is supported \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Boko Haram leader, Shekau says he’s ready to surrender\n\nQ1: When did Shekau say he was going to surrender\nA1: Shekau never said he was going to surrender, the Directorate of Defence Media Operations, Major General John Enenche was the one who stressed that though, there was no official contact with Shekau, the body language of the terror leader showed that he was ready to surrender.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Shekau never said he was going to surrender, the Directorate of Defence Media Operations, Major General John Enenche was the one who stressed that though, there was no official contact with Shekau, the body language of the terror leader showed that he was ready to surrender.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Autopsy reports suggest Jeffrey Epstein most likely died from COVID-19 not suicide in August 2019.\n\nQ1: When did Epstein die?\nA1: August 10th 2019\n\nQ2: When did the world see its first case of Covid-19 outside of China ?\nA2: 13 January 2020\n\nOfficials confirm a case of COVID-19 in Thailand, the first recorded case outside of China.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: No concrete evidence\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Immunization is compulsory in Canada\n\nQ1: Is Immunization compulsory in Canada?\nA1: Vaccination in Canada is only mandatory for students in Ontario and in the Atlantic province of New Brunswick. Nationwide, it is highly recommended.\n\nQ2: Are there any circumstances where exemptions of mandatory vaccinations in those provinces for students are made?\nA2: While vaccination is generally required to attend school in Ontario and New Brunswick, there are exemptions given to those who are opposed.\n\nQ3: Other than the students in Ontario and New Brunswick are the greater population of Canada subject to mandatory immunization?\nA3: No, because Vaccination in Canada is voluntary.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answers clearly show that immunisation is voluntary so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 26 members of one family in Jahangirpuri, Delhi, tested positive for coronavirus on April 17 2020.\n\nQ1: Who was the woman who contracted the illness initially\nA1: Her name was Ajiman Bibi\n\nQ2: How many people got infected through her\nA2: 31 people got infected through her\n\nQ3: Out of the 31 people, how many people were members of her family\nA3: She had 14 family members",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The Q&A make no link between the person having 26 members of family. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Immunization is mandatory in the United States\n\nQ1: Does the claim refer to a single vaccine immunisation?\nA1: No, because It refers to any enforced mandatory vaccination.\n\nQ2: Is is law in the U.S to accept any and all vaccines?\nA2: No, because All 50 states have legislation requiring specified vaccines for students. Although exemptions vary from state to state, all school immunization laws grant exemptions to children for medical reasons. There are 44 states and Washington D.C. that grant religious exemptions for people who have religious objections to immunizations. Currently, 15 states allow philosophical exemptions for children whose parents object to immunizations because of personal, moral or other beliefs. Many states align their vaccine requirements with recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. At this time, no state requires children to receive the COVID-19 vaccine for school entry.\n\nQ3: is it lawful to impose mandatory immuisation\nA3: The 14th Amendment asserts that no state shall make or enforce any law abridging the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States or deprive anY their rights",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 14th Amendment asserts that no state shall make or enforce any law abridging the privileges of citizens of the United States, thus Immunization is not mandatory in the United States. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are 360,000 deaths a year in the US from swimming pools. But we don’t shut the country down for that.\n\nQ1: What is the average death rate from swimming per year in the US?\nA1: Every year in the United States there are an estimated:\n\n3,960* fatal unintentional drownings, including boating-related drowning—that is an average of 11 drowning deaths per day.\n8,080† nonfatal drownings—that is an average of 22 nonfatal drownings per day.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The figures ( 360,000 deaths a year ) in the US from swimming pools was over exaggerated. The actual figures are far far less. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Donald Trump tweeted in 2009 that \"Obama’s handling of this whole [H1N1] pandemic has been terrible! As President, ALL responsibility becomes yours during a crisis like this, whether or not you’re entirely to blame. John McCain, and myself for that matter myself, would never let thousands of Americans die from a pandemic while in office\"\n\nQ1: Is there an archive available online for all of Donald Trump's tweets?\nA1: Yes, because Trump Twitter Archive, a searchable database of Trump’s tweets created by coder Brendan Brown.\n\nQ2: According to the claim, when did Donald Trump tweet this?\nA2: November 23, 2009.\n\nQ3: By searching the Trump Twitter Archive, did Donald Trump tweet anything on November 23, 2009?\nA3: No, because The only tweets in November were on the 2nd, 16th and 26th.\n\nQ4: By searching the Trump Twitter Archive, did Donald Trump tweet the quote in the claim?\nA4: No, because This quote couldn't be found in Trump's Twitter archive.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: No evidence found of tweet in a searchable database of all Trump’s tweets.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Jay Leno Dead at 71\n\nQ1: Is Jay Leno Still Alive?\nA1: Yes, because Satire / Fake news.\n\nQ2: Where did the story of his death originate?\nA2: ConservativeTears.com\n\nQ3: What is known about ConservativeTears.com?\nA3: Conservativetears.com does come with several satire disclaimers:\n\nThe header of the site has the slogan \"Death hoaxes for your thoughts and prayers\"\nThe story itself was posted in a category named \"Death hoax\"\nThere are (tiny) satire logos in the header and in the eye of the eagle shown in the picture used to illustrate the story.\nThe site has an \"About\" page that explains the purpose of the site.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 1st Q&A pair give a simple answer to refute the claim, But also the other Q&A pairs state that the claim originated on a satire website, But also the celebrity in the claim is very famous and it would likely be news at least in western countries and probably common knowledge if true.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Africans living in China are being forced to sleep outside in the cold as Chinese nationals blame them for the rising number of new coronavirus cases in the country.\n\nQ1: Are Africans being discriminated in China because of COVID-19\nA1: Africans in Guangzhou say that they have been facing more than a week of discrimination.\n\nHealth workers have reportedly gone door-to-door testing Africans for coronavirus, many say regardless of whether they show any symptoms, have travelled, or have been in contact with Covid-19 patients.\n\nCommunity leaders say that hundreds were forced out of their homes and hotel rooms and into quarantine. Video has emerged online of African people sleeping on the streets, in hotel lobbies, under bridges and outside police stations.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Evidence does show that Africans living in China are being forced out of their homes and hotel rooms and into quarantine due to COVID-19 fears. There is also video evidence that they are sleeping on the streets, in hotel lobbies, under bridges, and outside police stations. Therefore, this claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: video showing policemen picking up currency notes lying on the road in Indore is being shared with the claim that they were thrown on purpose to spread Coronavirus.\n\nQ1: Were those currency notes lying on the road in Indore thrown on purpose to spread coronavirus?\nA1: No, the currency notes fell of from a Ram Narendra, a passerby. Who later met with the police to report.\n\nQ2: Did the police carryout any instigation regarding the currency notes found on the street ?\nA2: Investigations were later done, to check if the currency are virus-infested.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Currency notes lying on the road in Indore were not thrown to spread coronavirus. They were fell of from a passerby.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Lady Michelle Obama slam Country music industry, saying the the genre was for morons.\n\nQ1: Does Lady Michelle Obama like country music?\nA1: In 2009, first lady Michelle Obama created a White House music series that has celebrated jazz, country, classical, Motown and Latin music.\n\nQ2: Has Michelle Obama ever celebrated country music?\nA2: The Obama's hosted a 'Country Music: In Performance at the White House', paying tribute to the genre.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Michelle Obama's previous actions strongly suggest that a comment of this type is very unlikely. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: COVID-19 is sparing essential workers, so it's not so deadly.\n\nQ1: Have essential workers died due to COVID-19?\nA1: Yes, because ...at least 79 of the New York Metropolitan Transit Authority's approximately 74,000 transit workers have died from COVID-19, nearly 3,000 have tested positive and more than 4,000 were out on quarantine as of April 20.\n\nQ2: What age range has the highest COVID-19 death rate?\nA2: As of April 14, 72.3 percent of the 6,839 COVID-19 deaths in New York City had occurred among people over the age of 65, according to the New York City Department of Health.\n\nQ3: Who is most at risk from death due to covid?\nA3: Older people and young people with pre existing health conditions are most at risk.\n\nQ4: Are any organisations keeping data on how many essential workers are ding of covid?\nA4: Both the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization said they are not keeping track of whether those infected or killed by COVID-19 are essential workers",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer to the first question shows that 79 essential workers have died, and are therefore not being spared. Questions 2 and 3 are unrelated to the claim, and the 4th question-answer pair is a poor pair because it only establishes that 2 organisations are not keeping records of deaths of essential workers, but does not establish which organisations are keeping those records. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Joe Biden said that OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) was not enforcing coronavirus guidelines when Donald Trump was US president.\n\nQ1: When was Trump President of the US?\nA1: January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021\n\nQ2: Was OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) in charge of enforcing Covid guidelines?\nA2: Yes, because It is within their remit, as stated in their Guidance on Preparing\nWorkplaces for COVID-19....\nTo assure safe and healthful working conditions for\nworking men and women; by authorizing enforcement\nof the standards developed under the Act; by assisting\nand encouraging the States in their efforts to assure\nsafe and healthful working conditions; by providing\nfor research, information, education, and training in\nthe field of occupational safety and health.”\n\nQ3: Were OSHA accused of failing to protect workers during the covid 19 pandemic?\nA3: Yes, because The National Employment Law Project, outlined complaints in a Hearing before the U.S. Senate\nCommittee on the Judiciary\n\nQ4: were the guidelines relseased by OSHA enforceable\nA4: OSHA released coronavirus guidelines in early March, but they function as suggestions or recommendations and are not enforceable.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Ive put not enough evidence as the claim says \"joe biden says...\" While OSHA may not have enforced guidelines to me this is a quote verification claim and the QA pairs do not quote biden as saying or not saying this.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lied about the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 by combining the count with pneumonia and influenza fatalities.\n\nQ1: How many COVID deaths were recorded by the CDC in May 2020?\nA1: 37,308.\n\nQ2: How many Pneumonia deaths were recorded by the CDC in May 2020?\nA2: 64,382.\n\nQ3: How many Flu deaths were recorded by the CDC in May 2020?\nA3: 5,846.\n\nQ4: What was the total deaths from all causes in May 2020?\nA4: 719,438.\n\nQ5: Where do the statistics for compiling the death data for the CDC report originate from?\nA5: Provisional death counts are based on death records received and processed by NCHS as of a specified cutoff date.\n\nQ6: Where is the information for cause of death taken from for the CDC reports?\nA6: Death Certificates.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The influenza and flu statistics are different from the COVID-19 statistics\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The drug Diamox, often used as treatment for high-altitude sickness, can cure the Coronavirus.\n\nQ1: what is the drug Diamox used for?\nA1: DIAMOX is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, effective in the control of fluid secretion (e.g.,\nsome types of glaucoma), in the treatment of certain convulsive disorders (e.g., epilepsy) and in the\npromotion of diuresis in instances of abnormal fluid retention\n\nQ2: Is a symptom of Covid 19 glaucoma?\nA2: No, because Covid 19 symptoms are, Fever\nCough\nShortness of breath or difficulty breathing\nDiarrhea\nChills\nRepeated shaking with chills\nMuscle pain\nHeadache\nSore throat\nNew loss of taste or smell\n\nQ3: Is a symptom of Covid 19 convulsions?\nA3: No, because Covid 19 symptoms are, Fever\nCough\nShortness of breath or difficulty breathing\nDiarrhea\nChills\nRepeated shaking with chills\nMuscle pain\nHeadache\nSore throat\nNew loss of taste or smell\n\nQ4: Is a symptom of Covid 19 Fluid retention?\nA4: No, because Covid 19 symptoms are, Fever\nCough\nShortness of breath or difficulty breathing\nDiarrhea\nChills\nRepeated shaking with chills\nMuscle pain\nHeadache\nSore throat\nNew loss of taste or smell",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The illnesses which Diamox treats are unrelated to Coronavirus.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Other countries that reopened saw an increase in coronavirus infections.\n\nQ1: Did Hong Kong cases surge when it started to reopen?\nA1: Yes, because Hong Kong saw a COVID-19 surge which meant the government ordered facilities that had reopened to close again and for people to go back home.\n\nQ2: Did Japan cases surge when it started to reopen?\nA2: The island of Hokkaido in the Japan region relaxed social distancing measures only for there to be a sudden increase in new coronavirus cases. All relaxation rules were reversed.\n\nQ3: What other Asian countries had to impose stricter measures?\nA3: Singapore had to impose stricter measures to contain the virus from spreading.\n\nQ4: What have experts said regarding Andrew Cuomo's claim?\nA4: \"We are definitely seeing rises in cases in those places,\" said Stephen Kissler, Ph.D., a research fellow in the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases. Kissler is a co-author of a paper that stated that \"prolonged or intermittent social distancing may be necessary into 2022.\" He said he is hesitant to link the increase solely to lifting social distancing measures, because there are a lot of reasons cases could rise after a period of sustained low transmission. \n\n\"But on the whole I would say that the statement is correct,\" Kissler said.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim is supported in all of the answers as they clearly show that infections increased after reopening travel.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Alcohol plays a major role in killing the coronavirus because it is a “throat sanitizer”.\n\nQ1: What is the basis of this claim?\nA1: The claim asserts that because alcohol is used in hand sanitizer and cleaning products to kill the virus that causes COVID-19 on hands and surfaces, drinking it will have the same effect inside the body and sanitize the throat. This is definitely not the case. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that, while certain types of alcohol can be used to disinfect surfaces and your skin, they are poisonous when ingested. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers require an alcohol concentration of 60% to 80% by volume\n\nQ2: Will drinking alcohol disinfect your throat or kill COVID-19 in your body?\nA2: No, because Drinking alcohol actually increased health risks when one is infected with COVID and increases susceptibility to catching COVID and other illnesses.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Drinking alcohol actually increased health risks when one is infected with COVID and increases susceptibility to catching COVID and other illnesses\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: An employee at a funeral home in New York City was accidentally cremated while taking a nap during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis\n\nQ1: what kind of website published the news\nA1: This story was first published by “Weekly Inquirer”, which was replicated by many other websites, says an India Today report.\n\nBut the India Today Anti Fake News War Room (AFWA) found this to be a hoax.\n\nThis is a satire article published by the website “Weekly Inquirer”, the AFWA said.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim was found to be a hoax. The article that made this claim is a satire published by the website \"Weekly Inquirer.\" Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 150 health workers quarantined at Max Hospital Saket.\n\nQ1: Why were health workers quarantined at Max Hospital in Saket, India?\nA1: According to a press statement from Max Hospital, two patients admitted for cardiac treatment tested positive for COVID-19. A total of 39 healthcare workers, who were contact traced, have been quarantined...\n\nQ2: How many employers are working in the COVID ward of Max Hospital, Saket?\nA2: There are 154 employees deployed in shifts in the COVID ward of Max Hospital, Saket.\n\nQ3: How many of these employees have had exposure to the virus?\nA3: None of these employees has had any exposure to the virus. ... None of them is quarantined.\n\nQ4: What was the time of the tweet which stated the claim on April 13, 2020?\nA4: The time recorded on the relevant tweet was 2:05 pm on April 13 2020.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The first answer shows there was only 34 workers quarantined so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: \"The 1st Amendment comes before the 13th and 14th, and the Bible clearly approves of owning slaves\" stated David Green on Fox News this morning.\n\nQ1: Where did the story originate?\nA1: american-buffoon.com\n\nQ2: Is american-buffoon.com a credible source?\nA2: it is a satire news website.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Davd Green never said this.There is no concrete evidence.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump Claims ‘Ultimate Authority’ to Override States’ Virus Measures\n\nQ1: What did Trump actually say?\nA1: Reporter: “There’s a debate over what authority you have to order the country reopened. What authority do you have on this one?”\nMr. Trump: “Well, I have the ultimate authority.”\n\nQ2: Does Trump have the authority to override stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders from governors, or “total” authority in general?\nA2: No, because “The President has no formal legal authority to categorically override local or state shelter-in-place orders or to reopen schools and small businesses,” Stephen I. Vladeck, a professor at the University of Texas School of Law, said on Twitter. “No statute delegates to him such power; no constitutional provision invests him with such authority.”\n\nQ3: What authority does he have?\nA3: While the federal government has authority over interstate and foreign quarantine measures, states have the primary authority to impose and enforce quarantine and isolation measures within their own borders, as part of the police powers conferred to states by the 10th Amendment of the Constitution, according to the Congressional Research Service and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 1st Q&A pair shows a rule that states that The President has no formal legal authority to categorically override local or state shelter-in-place orders which refutes what trump says in the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The US media minimized the risk of the new coronavirus from the start,\n\nQ1: How did the US media first react to/report on the new coronavirus?\nA1: 16/01/2020\nCNN\n — \nFears are mounting across Asia over the cross-border spread of a new coronavirus identified in China that has killed one patient and sickened dozens, as health authorities race to identify the source of the pathogen.\n\nThe new strain of coronavirus, in the same family as the deadly severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), originated in Wuhan, the largest city in central China. It was confirmed Thursday to have been detected in Japan, a few days after Thailand confirmed its first case of infection.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim says the US media did underestimate the dange of covid, whilst the answers state otherwise, with media stories stating the deaths that have occurred in china, a deadly virus and that cases have 'surged'\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Squad' Want's The Bible Deemed Hate Speech\n\nQ1: Do The Squad consider the bible Hate speech?\nA1: No, because The claim is from a satire news site.\n\nQ2: Who is the 'squad' the claim refers to?\nA2: 4 congresswomen known as 'The Squad'\nReps. Ilhan Omar of Minnesota, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, Rashida Tlaib of Michigan and Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts\n\nQ3: Where was this claim originally published?\nA3: bustatroll.org\n\nQ4: Is bustatroll.org a reliable source for political news?\nA4: No, because It describes itelf as...\npart of the \"America's Last Line of Defense\" network of satire websites",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The third Q&A shows that the claim was put on a satirical site so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Some 150 foreigners attended spiritual leader Jaggi Vasudev aka Sadhguru's event in March 2020, which has led to over 1,000 corona cases in Tamil Nadu. The foreigners are quarantined at Isha Yoga Center.\n\nQ1: Are people quarantining at Isha Yoga Center?\nA1: After 50 days since Mahashivaratri, NO Corona symptoms reported at Isha Yoga Center. This is confirmed by Dist. Collector of Coimbatore",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: After 50 days since Mahashivaratri, NO Corona symptoms reported at Isha Yoga Center. This is confirmed by Dist. Collector of Coimbatore\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In June 2017, Conservative MPs voted against a pay rise for nurses.\n\nQ1: Did Conservative MPs vote against a pay rise for nurses in June 2017?\nA1: On 28 June 2017 MPs voted on whether or not to lift that 1 per cent cap, meaning workers including nurses might get a pay rise. And the majority voted against it.\n\nQ2: Did Conservative MPs lift the 1 percent cap?\nA2: In September of 2017 Theresa May began to show flexibility, allowing pay rises for police officers and prison workers. \n\nThen in March 2018 she lifted the cap on pay rises for NHS workers. \n\nThis cap was eventually lifted was largely owing to pressure on Theresa May's government from worker's unions and the Labour Party who gained 30 seats in parliament less than a month before the vote in 2017.\n\nQ3: Did nurses receive a pay raise after the cap was lifted?\nA3: Unions including Unison and the Royal College of Nursing agreed on a pay rise of 6.5 per cent over three years for nurses, paramedics, midwives and healthcare assistants.\n\nThis would take starting pay for nurses from around £22,000 in 2018 to £25,000 next year.\n\nQ4: what was the date for the vote in the claim?\nA4: june 2017\n\nQ5: When did conservatives vote against the pay rise?\nA5: june 2017",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The majority of conservative MPs did vote against pay rises for nurses. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Some states, like Montana and Nebraska, are getting more than $300,000 in federal stimulus money per reported COVID-19 case. New York is the hardest-hit state and yet we are getting only about $12,000 per case.\n\nQ1: How much stimulus money did New york receive per covid case in 2020\nA1: $12,000 per coronavirus case at the time\n\nQ2: How much did Montana receive in stimulus payments per Covid case in 2020\nA2: over $300,000 per case\n\nQ3: How much did Nebraska receive in stimulus payments per Covid case in 2020\nA3: over $300,000 per case\n\nQ4: Are the states mentioned in the claim due more stimulus funding that is not mentioned in the claim?\nA4: Yes, because $100 billion is still to go out after the 30 in the claim.\n\nQ5: How much did Nebraska receive in stimulus payments per Covid case in 2020?\nA5: over $300,000 per case",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: this is true, some states are receiving 300,000 per covid case while new york gets 12,000\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: NY: EXHAUSTED FUNERAL HOME EMPLOYEE CREMATED BY MISTAKE WHILE TAKING A NAP\n\nQ1: What was the name of the man who was mistakenly cremated\nA1: Michael Jones\n\nQ2: Why did Facebook flag the post\nA2: Facebook flagged the post as false because the original story came from a site that publishes fiction\n\nQ3: Have there been other similar claims\nA3: Yes, because There was also a claim that funeral home worker was mistakenly cremated and the Deputy Sheriff office was asked they said there was no crematorium facility in the location and that the image of the person in question was a mug shot of another man\n\nQ4: Was an exhausted funeral home employee cremated by mistake while taking a nap in New York ?\nA4: No, this is a fake news that is satirical nature",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: the answers show this was a work of fiction or satire and not true. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The coronavirus originated outside China.\n\nQ1: Where is the Covid-19 Virus believed to have started?\nA1: Wuhan city, Hubei province.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Evidence shown suggests Covid started in Wuhan, China.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Ratan Tata has said “Experts are predicting huge downfall of Economy due to the Corona. I do not know much about these experts. But I know for sure that they do not know anything about the value of human motivation and determined efforts.”\n\nQ1: Did Ratan Tata say “Experts are predicting huge downfall of Economy due to the Corona. I do not know much about these experts. But I know for sure that they do not know anything about the value of human motivation and determined efforts.”?\nA1: Ratan Tata himself took to his verified Twitter handle to clarify that the above article was ‘neither said, nor written by him’.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the question and answer pair it seems that the claim is refuted, because the person did not say this quote\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In November 2019 the Pirbirght Institute, funded by Bill Gates, was granted European patent number EP 317-2319B1 for a coronavirus vaccine that may be used to treat humans.\n\nQ1: Does Bill Gates fund the Pirbright Institute?\nA1: Major stakeholders include\n\nInternational funding and disease control agencies, such as OIE, WHO, the European Commission, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation\n\nQ2: Does the Pirbright Institute carry out coronavirus research?\nA2: The Pirbright Institute carries out research on infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus that infects poultry, and porcine deltacoronavirus that infects pigs. Pirbright does not currently work with human coronaviruses.\n\nQ3: What is European patent number EP 317-2319B1?\nA3: No answer could be found.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The coronovirus vaccine isn't for humans but animals \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In the United States, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) admitted in federal court that it does not have studies to support the claim that vaccines do not cause autism.\n\nQ1: What does the CDC say about vaccines causing autism?\nA1: studies have shown that there is no link between receiving vaccines and developing ASD.\n\nQ2: Has the CDC said in federal court that it des not have the studies to support the claim that vaccines do not cause autism?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Has the CDC submitted studies that show vaccines do not cause autism?\nA3: Yes, because 20 studies submitted in a legal case.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 3rd Q&A pair states that the CDC submitted 20 studies to a legal case, confirming no link between vaccines and autisim, However no other Q&A pair state if the claim mentioning a court case is true, But as the 3rd does mention a 'legal case' then it could be likely this is the case in the claim but also shows the did submit studies, which combined refutes the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In October 2019, Bill Gates sponsored Event 201, a simulation that estimated 65 million people would be killed by coronavirus.\n\nQ1: What was the event that Bill gates funded?\nA1: Event 201\n\nQ2: What was the event and did they predict covid-19 ?\nA2: It was an exercise and not a prediction. \nThe Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security in partnership with the World Economic Forum and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation hosted Event 201, a high-level pandemic exercise on October 18, 2019, in New York, NY. The exercise illustrated areas where public/private partnerships will be necessary during the response to a severe pandemic in order to diminish large-scale economic and societal consequences.\n\nQ3: Did they predict 65 million people would die?\nA3: No, there is no mention of this.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 201 event was an exercise that illustrated areas where public-private partnerships will be necessary during the response to a severe pandemic in order to diminish large-scale economic and societal consequences. It had no association with the COVID-19 pandemic and did not predict 65 million deaths due to the coronavirus. Hence - this claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Aadhaar Enabled Payments Will Not Work Till April 14 in India\n\nQ1: Can any verification can be found of this claim?\nA1: No, because A search of the web through supplied browser reveals no information to confirm or otherwise this claim. The only confirmation that this claim is false is via the fact checking agency PIB information: No ! State Bank of India's Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AePS) server has not been shut down by RBI. (Translated from Hindi)",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: There is not enough evidence to support or refute the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former President Barack Obama gave $3.8 million to a lab in Wuhan, China.\n\nQ1: Did President Barack Obama allocate money to a laboratory in China?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Was money given to any health related research under Obama in 2015?\nA2: Yes, because Table shows money allocated to the National Institutes of Health.\n\nQ3: How much money was given?\nA3: $3.4 million grant.\n\nQ4: Was any of that money given to a lab in Wuhan?\nA4: Of that money, only $600,000 (from the first grant) was given to the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Kessler said. The Wuhan lab was a collaborator that was pre-approved by NIH and the State Department, he added, and one that researchers used to conduct genetic analyses of the viruses.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: A post circulating on Facebook is spreading a debunked falsehood about U.S. funding that went to a lab in Wuhan, China — the city where the outbreak of the novel coronavirus began — as well as a false claim about the origins of the virus.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The U.S. government is planning to force Americans to take vaccinations during the coronavirus pandemic with the help of Bill Gates.\n\nQ1: Did the U.S government intend to force Americans to take the Covid-19 Vaccine in connivance with Bill Gates ?\nA1: NEW YORK -- The World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation have announced a collaboration to increase coordination across the international vaccine community and create a Global Vaccine Action Plan. This plan will build on the successes of current work to achieve key milestones in the discovery, development and delivery of lifesaving vaccines to the most vulnerable populations in the poorest countries over the next decade.\n\nThe collaboration follows the January 2010 call by Bill and Melinda Gates for the next ten years to be the Decade of Vaccines. The Global Vaccine Action Plan will enable greater coordination across all stakeholder groups – national governments, multilateral organizations, civil society, the private sector and philanthropic organizations -- and will identify critical policy, resource, and other gaps that must be addressed to realize the life-saving potential of vaccines. \n\nThe structure of the Decade of Vaccines Collaboration includes a Leadership Council to provide oversight for the planning effort, a Steering Committee that holds the primary responsibility for developing the action plan, an International Advisory Committee to assist the Leadership Council in evaluating the action plan, and a Secretariat for administrative support. \n\nProf. Pedro Alonso, Director for the Institute for Global Health of Barcelona and Dr. Christopher Elias, President and CEO of PATH, have been appointed co-chairs of the Steering Committee and the Secretariat. \n\n“Vaccines are miracles,” said Prof. Alonso, “For just a few dollars per child, vaccines prevent disease and disability for a lifetime. We must make sure that people understand that vaccines are one of the best investments in health.” \n\nThe Leadership Council is comprised of:\n\n Dr. Mar\n\nQ2: Did the U.S government intend to force Americans to take the Covid-19 Vaccination in connivance with Bill Gates?\nA2: NEW YORK -- The World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation have announced a collaboration to increase coordination across the international vaccine community and create a Global Vaccine Action Plan. This plan will build on the successes of current work to achieve key milestones in the discovery, development and delivery of lifesaving vaccines to the most vulnerable populations in the poorest countries over the next decade.\n\nThe collaboration follows the January 2010 call by Bill and Melinda Gates for the next ten years to be the Decade of Vaccines. The Global Vaccine Action Plan will enable greater coordination across all stakeholder groups – national governments, multilateral organizations, civil society, the private sector and philanthropic organizations -- and will identify critical policy, resource, and other gaps that must be addressed to realize the life-saving potential of vaccines. \n\nThe structure of the Decade of Vaccines Collaboration includes a Leadership Council to provide oversight for the planning effort, a Steering Committee that holds the primary responsibility for developing the action plan, an International Advisory Committee to assist the Leadership Council in evaluating the action plan, and a Secretariat for administrative support. \n\nProf. Pedro Alonso, Director for the Institute for Global Health of Barcelona and Dr. Christopher Elias, President and CEO of PATH, have been appointed co-chairs of the Steering Committee and the Secretariat. \n\n“Vaccines are miracles,” said Prof. Alonso, “For just a few dollars per child, vaccines prevent disease and disability for a lifetime. We must make sure that people understand that vaccines are one of the best investments in health.” \n\nThe Leadership Council is comprised of:\n\n Dr. Mar\n\nQ3: Is it mandatory for Americans to take the COVID-19 vaccinations?\nA3: No, because Employees at Montgomery County (in the United States) are not required to be vaccinated. Their sites states: \"while COVID-19 vaccines are encouraged, the choice to receive a vaccine is voluntary\". Therefore, COVID-19 vaccinations are not mandatory.\n\nQ4: Where did the claim originate from?\nA4: InfoWars\n\nQ5: What is InfoWars?\nA5: US radio show host, multimedia businessman, political pundit and ‘most paranoid man in America’, Alex Jones, and his Infowars have been followed and commented on by media in the US and, especially since 2016, across the globe. In scholarly analyses, Jones/Infowars tend to be mentioned only in passing in the growth of populism and the Alt Right in the US, in the role of (social) media in 21st century populist nationalism and as fake news generator. At the height of his popularity (2017–2018), Jones and his message attracted 2 million weekly listeners to his syndicated and streamed radio show and up to 1.3 billion views to his YouTube channels, while Infowars.com had 20 million monthly visits – 80% from the US.2 These numbers alone warrant closer scrutiny.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: From the Q&As you can see that the claim is not correct. People were not being forced to have the vaccine. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |