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Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

Which of the following statements about aging corresponds to the psychosocial approach known as Theory of Continuity?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: well-being in old age depends on newly acquired roles, aging successfully is related to the number of activities that are carried out, as you get older it is necessary to voluntarily abandon certain activities, aging in a healthy way implies not dissociating from social roles, the level of activity in old age is a function of the person's life trajectory. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following statements about aging corresponds to the psychosocial approach known as Theory of Continuity?

The level of activity in old age is a function of the person's life trajectory.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

The evaluation of a health program must consider:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the need of the program, the results achieved, the performance of resources, the fulfillment of the anticipated times, all the previous answers are correct. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The evaluation of a health program must consider:

All the previous answers are correct.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

During the puerperium, there is a uterus-vaginal discharge called "lochia" that varies throughout the process. How are they named?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: red loquios, yellow loquios and white loquios, red loquios, loquios seosos and loquios blancos, loquios hematic, serous lochia and yellow lochia, red loquios, white loquios and hematic lochia, bloody lochia, watery lochia and white lochia. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? During the puerperium, there is a uterus-vaginal discharge called "lochia" that varies throughout the process. How are they named?

Red loquios, loquios seosos and loquios blancos.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

Among the rules of administration of Parenteral Nutrition, which is true:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the route of administration of np can be used to perform blood extractions, the np bag can be kept out of the refrigerator until it is administered, the administration of other intravenous medications can be done through the same route as the np, the nutrient solution may be exposed to light, the infusion will be done at a constant rate during the 24 hours. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Among the rules of administration of Parenteral Nutrition, which is true:

The infusion will be done at a constant rate during the 24 hours.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

The prodromal phase of a psychotic episode is characterized by:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: a deviation from emotional, cognitive, behavioral or social functioning and the presence of nonspecific symptoms, being a critical period during which the person should be treated, the appearance of the first psychotic episode, be comparable to what is called the duration of untreated psychosis, the functional recovery of the patient, which causes that it can be incorporated into working life gradually. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The prodromal phase of a psychotic episode is characterized by:

A deviation from emotional, cognitive, behavioral or social functioning and the presence of nonspecific symptoms.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

Regarding the newborn, point out the correct statement:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: premature immature is one whose birth weight varies between 2,000 and 2,500 gr. and has a gestational age of less than 37 weeks, newborn of low weight is the one that weighs at birth less than 2,500 gr. and his gestational age is between 37 and 42 weeks, newborn pseudotérmino is the one that weighs less than 2,500 gr. and her gestational age is greater than 37 weeks, premature babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 gr, post-term newborn is the one with a gestational age greater than 40 weeks. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Regarding the newborn, point out the correct statement:

Newborn of low weight is the one that weighs at birth less than 2,500 gr. and his gestational age is between 37 and 42 weeks.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

The document that sets out the principles of Bioethics regarding the autonomy of people, beneficence and justice, and sets the basic requirements of informed consent, the assessment of risks and benefits and the selection of subjects is:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the declaration of helsinki of 1964, the belmont report of 1978, the principles of the biomedical ethics of 1979, the oviedo convention of 1997, the code of ethics. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The document that sets out the principles of Bioethics regarding the autonomy of people, beneficence and justice, and sets the basic requirements of informed consent, the assessment of risks and benefits and the selection of subjects is:

The Belmont Report of 1978.

Cuaderno_2013_1_E

2013

nursery

What is the name of the set of activities consisting of creating and maintaining an adequate environment in which individuals, working in groups, can carry out pre-established functions and objectives?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: operationalize, manage, objectify, to plan, assess. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What is the name of the set of activities consisting of creating and maintaining an adequate environment in which individuals, working in groups, can carry out pre-established functions and objectives?

Manage.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

From the point of view of the metabolism of xenobiotics, what is the cause of the hepatotoxicity and the carcinogenic action of aflatoxins?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: its hydrolysis releases aromatic amines, its metabolism of phase ii generates a nitrenium cation, which is cytotoxic by reacting with dna, its hepatic metabolism originates an epoxide, which forms a covalent bond with dna guanine, your metabolism leads to a reactive species through a process of reductive bioactivation, they facilitate the information of reactive oxygen species through a radical mechanism. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? From the point of view of the metabolism of xenobiotics, what is the cause of the hepatotoxicity and the carcinogenic action of aflatoxins?

Its hepatic metabolism originates an epoxide, which forms a covalent bond with DNA guanine.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The infrared spectrum of procaine hydrochloride shows an intense band about 1700 cm-1. What information does this data provide about its structure?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it has an aromatic ring, it has a carbonyl group, it is a tertiary amine, it is an aromatic amine, it is a salt. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The infrared spectrum of procaine hydrochloride shows an intense band about 1700 cm-1. What information does this data provide about its structure?

It has a carbonyl group.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The eudismic index is a parameter with pharmacological interest that expresses the relationship between:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: two diastereomer drugs, two bioisostero drugs, two enantiomers, a drug and a prodrug, structural analog, two structural modifications, one hydrophilic and one lipophilic, of a certain drug. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The eudismic index is a parameter with pharmacological interest that expresses the relationship between:

Two enantiomers

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The local anesthetic procaine is a drug designed by pharmacodynamics of the:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: morphine, melatonin, tetracycline, cocaine, noradrenaline. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The local anesthetic procaine is a drug designed by pharmacodynamics of the:

Cocaine.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Mesna (sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate) is used together with cyclophosphamide in antitumor therapy because:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: they form a ternary complex with dna that prevents replication, mesna inactivates a toxic metabolite that results from the activation of cyclophosphamide, both are dna alkylating agents, the oxidizing properties of mesna increase the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide, mesna inhibits cytochrome p-450 that oxidizes and degrades cyclophosphamide. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Mesna (sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate) is used together with cyclophosphamide in antitumor therapy because:

Mesna inactivates a toxic metabolite that results from the activation of cyclophosphamide.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following structural families of drugs act as neuroleptic agents?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

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Given this list of statements: benzothiazepines (diltiazem), butyrophenones (haloperidol), phenylpiperidines (pethidine), aryloxypropanolamines (atenolol), 1,4-dihydropyridines (nifedipine). Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following structural families of drugs act as neuroleptic agents?

Butyrophenones (haloperidol).

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following antitumor agents acts forming a covalent and irreversible complex with the thymidylate synthase and its cofactor, previous activation to the corresponding deoxynucleotide?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: methotrexate, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, taxol. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following antitumor agents acts forming a covalent and irreversible complex with the thymidylate synthase and its cofactor, previous activation to the corresponding deoxynucleotide?

5-Fluorouracil.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The antiulcer drug called omeprazole has in its structure:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

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Given this list of statements: a benzimidazole heterocycle, a thiol group, a pyrazole heterocycle, a dimethylamino group, a thiozolic heterocycle. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The antiulcer drug called omeprazole has in its structure:

A benzimidazole heterocycle.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Statins are used to reduce cholesterol levels and act as analogs of the transition state of an enzyme involved in its biosynthesis. What enzyme is it?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: 14-alpha-demethylase, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmgcoa) reductase, cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2), squalene epoxidase, aromatase. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Statins are used to reduce cholesterol levels and act as analogs of the transition state of an enzyme involved in its biosynthesis. What enzyme is it?

Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Ciprofloxacin is an example of an antibacterial quinolone. What substituent does it carry over the nitrogen in position 1?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: cyclopropyl, acetyl, phenyl, it is unsubstituted, hydroxyl. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Ciprofloxacin is an example of an antibacterial quinolone. What substituent does it carry over the nitrogen in position 1?

Cyclopropyl.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The muscle relaxant suxetonium (succinylcholine), which was designed from decamethonium by substitution of two ethylene groups by two ester functions, susceptible to a hydrolytic metabolism, is a:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: prodrug, hard drug, apolar drug, chiral drug, soft drug. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The muscle relaxant suxetonium (succinylcholine), which was designed from decamethonium by substitution of two ethylene groups by two ester functions, susceptible to a hydrolytic metabolism, is a:

Soft drug

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Indinavir is a selective inhibitor of HIV protease because:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: by hydrolysis, the active drug is generated, rents irreversibly the active center of the enzyme, its structure mimics the transition state of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme, it is a suicide inhibitor, its symmetric structure interacts effectively with the active center of the enzyme. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Indinavir is a selective inhibitor of HIV protease because:

Its structure mimics the transition state of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The use of microorganisms to transform contaminants present in the environment into non-toxic products is called:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: biodeterioration, bioremediation, bioleaching, bioconversion, biosensor. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The use of microorganisms to transform contaminants present in the environment into non-toxic products is called:

Bioremediation.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Transpeptidation is the step in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan in which:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the union of n-acetylmuramic acid with n-acetyl glucosamine occurs inside the bacterial cell, the exit of the precursors from the cytoplasm to the outside takes place, the binding of the precursor to the peptidoglycan occurs outside, by glycosidic bonds, the binding, by means of interpeptide bridges, between peptidoglycan chains, the autolisinas act forming pores in its structure. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Transpeptidation is the step in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan in which:

The binding, by means of interpeptide bridges, between peptidoglycan chains.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

In the systematic examination of a pregnant woman at term (37 weeks of gestation), beta-hemolytic colonies are isolated from a vaginal smear, which are identified as Streptococcus agalactiae. What assessment would you make of this finding and what would be the most advisable therapeutic attitude to follow? ?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it does not matter because it is part of the commensal microbiota of the vagina, birth by caesarean section is recommended, the search for streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women is not indicated, immediate antibiotic treatment to the newborn, administer intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis during delivery to the pregnant woman. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? In the systematic examination of a pregnant woman at term (37 weeks of gestation), beta-hemolytic colonies are isolated from a vaginal smear, which are identified as Streptococcus agalactiae. What assessment would you make of this finding and what would be the most advisable therapeutic attitude to follow? ?

Administer intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis during delivery to the pregnant woman.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Quinolones are antibacterial compounds that target:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the 50 s subunit of the bacterial ribosome, the plasma membrane, the enzyme dna polymerase, the enzyme rna polymerase, the enzyme dna gyrase. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Quinolones are antibacterial compounds that target:

The enzyme DNA gyrase.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A 4-year-old boy with no history of vaccination against rabies is attacked spontaneously by a dog, causing numerous injuries to the neck and limbs that were unprotected. The animal flees and it is not possible to locate it. What is the initial attitude to follow with the patient to prevent a possible transmission of rabies?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: administer specific antivirals against the rabies virus, administer the rabies vaccine, administer the vaccine plus anti-rabies immunoglobulin, administer anti-rabies immunoglobulin, administer the vaccine, more immunoglobulin, more antivirals. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A 4-year-old boy with no history of vaccination against rabies is attacked spontaneously by a dog, causing numerous injuries to the neck and limbs that were unprotected. The animal flees and it is not possible to locate it. What is the initial attitude to follow with the patient to prevent a possible transmission of rabies?

Administer the vaccine plus anti-rabies immunoglobulin.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following staining techniques is important in the diagnosis of infections caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the capsule staining, staining of metachromatic granules, the acid-alcohol resistance stain, negative staining, the staining of endospores. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following staining techniques is important in the diagnosis of infections caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

Staining of metachromatic granules.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The septic shock that can occur in the course of systemic infections due to Gram-negative bacteria is due to:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: lipopolysaccharide, peptide-glucan, teicoic acids, flagellin, k. antigen. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The septic shock that can occur in the course of systemic infections due to Gram-negative bacteria is due to:

Lipopolysaccharide.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following vertebrate viruses does it require during its multiplication cycle of a polymerase with reverse transcriptase activity?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: herpes simplex virus type 1, smallpox virus, varicella-zoster virus, hepatitis b virus, epstein-barr virus. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following vertebrate viruses does it require during its multiplication cycle of a polymerase with reverse transcriptase activity?

Hepatitis B virus

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Clostridium perfringens can cause various infections, including:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the anthrax, pseudomembranous colitis, the gas gangrene, tetanus, the syndrome of scalded skin. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Clostridium perfringens can cause various infections, including:

The gas gangrene.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The medium that is used to detect the production of acetoin (butylene glycol) from pyruvic acid in the fermentation of glucose is called:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: kligler, methyl red, voges proskauer, onpg (ortho-nitrophenyl-galactopyranoside), beta-glucuronidase. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The medium that is used to detect the production of acetoin (butylene glycol) from pyruvic acid in the fermentation of glucose is called:

Voges Proskauer.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

From the point of view of microbial growth, which of the following statements is true in relation to the term colony?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it is a formation that is not visible macroscopically, corresponds to a single cell, it derives from a single cell, it is usually formed in liquid culture medium, it is always formed by the aggregation of different microbial species. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? From the point of view of microbial growth, which of the following statements is true in relation to the term colony?

It derives from a single cell.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Thermolabile (LT) and thermostable (ST) enterotoxins are responsible for diarrhea caused by some strains of:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: salmonella enterica, vibrio cholerae, campylobacter jejuni, yersinia enterocolitica, escherichia coli. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Thermolabile (LT) and thermostable (ST) enterotoxins are responsible for diarrhea caused by some strains of:

Escherichia coli

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

In relation to the bacterial growth in liquid medium not renewed, which of the following statements is correct?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the generation time is a constant parameter, the phase of exponential growth is perpetual, there is a direct relationship between the specific growth rate and the generation time, there is an inverse relationship between the specific growth rate and the generation time, the generation time and the specific growth rate are not related. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? In relation to the bacterial growth in liquid medium not renewed, which of the following statements is correct?

There is an inverse relationship between the specific growth rate and the generation time.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following statements about leishmaniasis in Spain is correct?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it is eradicated, it is anthroponotic, it is associated with hiv, it is transmitted by lutzomyia, it is exclusively visceral. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following statements about leishmaniasis in Spain is correct?

It is associated with HIV.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following medications is used in the treatment of Chagas disease?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: amphotericin b, cotrimoxazole, ivermectin, albendazole, benznidazole. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following medications is used in the treatment of Chagas disease?

Benznidazole

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following nematodes is a large intestine parasite?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: trichuris trichiura, ancylostoma duodenale, trichinella spiralis, necator americanus, ascaris lumbricoides. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following nematodes is a large intestine parasite?

Trichuris trichiura.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

It is a larval stage in the biological cycle of trematodes:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: procercoid, plerocercoide, cercaria, cisticerco, cysticercoid. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? It is a larval stage in the biological cycle of trematodes:

Cercaria

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

It is the etiological agent of cutaneous myiasis:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: glossina palpalis, dermatobia hominis, simulimum damnosum, pulex irritans, tunga penetrans. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? It is the etiological agent of cutaneous myiasis:

Dermatobia hominis.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

With regard to pyrogens and biotechnological medicines, it is possible to say:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: they have no tendency to aggregate or form large units with high molecular weight, ion exchange chromatography procedures (using their positive charge) can reduce endotoxin levels, ion exchange chromatography procedures (using their negative charge) can reduce endotoxin levels, ion exchange chromatography procedures (regardless of their charge) can reduce endotoxin levels, they are unstable under standard autoclaving conditions. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? With regard to pyrogens and biotechnological medicines, it is possible to say:

Ion exchange chromatography procedures (using their negative charge) can reduce endotoxin levels.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

With respect to those known as solubility enhancers in biotechnological drugs we can say:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: which are not necessary given the good solubility of the active ingredients, which are necessary given the low solubility of the excipients, they are not necessary in proteins, especially in non-glycosylated ones, the use of lysine or arginine is often resorted to as exalting agents, none of the above. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? With respect to those known as solubility enhancers in biotechnological drugs we can say:

The use of lysine or arginine is often resorted to as exalting agents.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following substances we will not find in a biotechnological medicine:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: solubility solubility, adsorbing and aggregating agents, components of "buffer", preservatives and antioxidants, osmotic agents. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following substances we will not find in a biotechnological medicine:

Adsorbing and aggregating agents.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Among the equipment used for the mixing of powders are the rotary mixers, which are usually used when the powder:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it has poor flow, it flows freely, it has an angle of repose> 90º, it is high intensity, it contains moisture. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Among the equipment used for the mixing of powders are the rotary mixers, which are usually used when the powder:

It flows freely.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Regarding the stability of the drugs of a proteinaceous nature of biotechnological drugs, we can say:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: which is strongly dependent on ph, that is little affected by ionic strength, that being generally so high does not usually give problems in the formulation, that its maximum value occurs at the ph value of lower solubility, that has a slight dependence on the temperature. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Regarding the stability of the drugs of a proteinaceous nature of biotechnological drugs, we can say:

Which is strongly dependent on pH.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following tests aims to determine the loss of mass of the tablets by abrasion processes?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: hardness, disintegration, friability, dissolution, uniformity of mass. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following tests aims to determine the loss of mass of the tablets by abrasion processes?

Friability.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

When formulating tablets with active ingredients that are used at relatively low doses, it is necessary to add excipients whose primary function is to obtain a tablet of a reasonable size. What are these excipients called?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: adsorbents, binders, disintegrators, thinners, lubricants. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? When formulating tablets with active ingredients that are used at relatively low doses, it is necessary to add excipients whose primary function is to obtain a tablet of a reasonable size. What are these excipients called?

Thinners

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The protection of a functional group, susceptible to hydrolysis, by the formation of a complex constitutes a procedure for stabilization of drugs in solution. Among the excipients used for this purpose are those that are made up of different glucose monomers with a cyclic arrangement and are called:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: cyclodextrins, sorbitol, citrates, glucuronates, propylene glycols. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The protection of a functional group, susceptible to hydrolysis, by the formation of a complex constitutes a procedure for stabilization of drugs in solution. Among the excipients used for this purpose are those that are made up of different glucose monomers with a cyclic arrangement and are called:

Cyclodextrins.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following excipients acts as a plasticizer in hard gelatine capsules?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: jelly, titanium dioxide, glycerin, sodium bisulfite, for methyl aminobenzoate. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following excipients acts as a plasticizer in hard gelatine capsules?

Glycerin.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The limit of bacterial endotoxins established by the European Pharmacopoeia for water for injection is:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: 0.25 iu / ml, 0.10 iu / ml, 0 iu / ml, 0.22 iu / ml, 0.15 iu / ml. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The limit of bacterial endotoxins established by the European Pharmacopoeia for water for injection is:

0.25 IU / ml.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The method of choice for the sterilization of products stable to heat but sensitive to moisture is:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: sterilization by dry heat, filtration, uv radiation, autoclaved, sterilization by humid heat. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The method of choice for the sterilization of products stable to heat but sensitive to moisture is:

Sterilization by dry heat.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The cellulose acetate filter membranes are compatible with:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: organic solvents, aqueous solutions, all solvents, organic solvents, except nitrogen, nitrogen solvents. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The cellulose acetate filter membranes are compatible with:

Aqueous solutions

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

In the compression process occurs:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: an aggregation of the powder to be compressed, a decrease in porosity, a decrease in interparticular contact, an increase in porosity, an unpacking of the particles. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? In the compression process occurs:

A decrease in porosity.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

To proceed to the elaboration of suppositories by the method of discharge it is necessary to calculate the displacement factor that indicates:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the weight, in grams, of drug that is displaced by one gram of excipient, the volume of excipient that is displaced by 100 ml of drug, the weight, in grams, of excipient that is displaced by 1ml of drug, the weight, in grams, of drug that is displaced by 1 ml of excipient, the weight, in grams, of excipient displaced by one gram of drug. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? To proceed to the elaboration of suppositories by the method of discharge it is necessary to calculate the displacement factor that indicates:

The weight, in grams, of excipient displaced by one gram of drug.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Counter Coulter® particle counter uses an electrolytic solution of:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: 0.9% lithium chloride in water, ammonium thiocyanate in hydrophilic solvent, 15% lithium chloride in hydrophobic solvent, 0.9% sodium chloride in water, 0.9% sodium chloride in methanol. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Counter Coulter® particle counter uses an electrolytic solution of:

0.9% sodium chloride in water.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following changes is the most potent stimulus for glucagon secretion?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: gastric filling, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, pass from chyme to duodenum, hypoglycemia. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following changes is the most potent stimulus for glucagon secretion?

Hypoglycemia

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following actions does insulin exert on liver tissue?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it inhibits the uptake of glucose, activates lipolysis, inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids, activates glycogen synthesis, activates glycogenolysis. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following actions does insulin exert on liver tissue?

Activates glycogen synthesis.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

What proportion of insulin and C-peptide synthesize the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: one molecule of insulin per c peptide, two molecules of insulin for each peptide c, one molecule of insulin for every two peptides c, peptide c is synthesized in c cells, there is a variable proportion between the synthesis of insulin and that of peptide c. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What proportion of insulin and C-peptide synthesize the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans?

One molecule of insulin per C peptide

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following actions is NOT specific to prolactin?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it favors the renal retention of water and salt, it favors the corpus luteum, stimulates milk production, stimulates the hypothalamic secretion of the gonadotrophin releasing hormone, participates in the control of spermatogenesis. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following actions is NOT specific to prolactin?

Stimulates the hypothalamic secretion of the gonadotrophin releasing hormone.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following statements related to growth hormone is false?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: its secretion is increased during sleep, it is secreted by the adenohypophysis, it is a cyclic peptide of 8 amino acids, it is hyperglycemic, stimulates the production of somatomedins. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following statements related to growth hormone is false?

It is a cyclic peptide of 8 amino acids.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following functions is not typical of the stomach?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: food storage, protein digestion, secretion of intrinsic factor, secretion of hormones, amylase secretion. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following functions is not typical of the stomach?

Amylase secretion.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Where are baroreceptors located that play a more important role in regulating blood pressure?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: vessels of the medulla oblongata, coronary arteries, vena cava, carotid arteries, renal arteries. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Where are baroreceptors located that play a more important role in regulating blood pressure?

Carotid arteries.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

What element plays a physiological role in the prevention of gastroesophageal reflux?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: upper esophageal sphincter, angle of his, hernia of hiato, purkinje angle, pyloric sphincter. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What element plays a physiological role in the prevention of gastroesophageal reflux?

Angle of His.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following types of receptors is found in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia of the vegetative nervous system?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: nicotinics, muscarinic, beta1-adrenergic, alpha1-adrenergic, gabaérgicos. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following types of receptors is found in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia of the vegetative nervous system?

Nicotinics

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following structures are in direct contact with the oval window on each of its sides?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the eardrum and the tympanic scale, the stirrup and tympanic scale, the hammer and the vestibular scale, the anvil and the tympanic scale, the abutment and the vestibular scale. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following structures are in direct contact with the oval window on each of its sides?

The abutment and the vestibular scale.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following gases is the most abundant in the alveolar air?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, carbon monoxide, nitrogen. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following gases is the most abundant in the alveolar air?

Nitrogen.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following layers must pass through the sperm to reach the egg during fertilization?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: endometrial zone, pellucid zone, striated area, sticky zone, myometrial zone. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following layers must pass through the sperm to reach the egg during fertilization?

Pellucid zone.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following agents has a vasoconstrictor effect?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: endothelin, nitric oxide, nitrogen, blastoestimulin, glycine. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following agents has a vasoconstrictor effect?

Endothelin

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

One of the following hormones inhibits lipolysis:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: growth hormone (hgh), insulin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth), thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh), glucagon. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? One of the following hormones inhibits lipolysis:

Insulin.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The loss of 3 genes of the alpha chain of globin is the main cause of:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: fetal drooping, alpha-thalassemic trait, cooley's disease, hemoglobin disease h, silent alpha-thalassemia. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The loss of 3 genes of the alpha chain of globin is the main cause of:

Hemoglobin disease H.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A 25-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with pale skin, fatigue and malaise. It has slightly decreased values ​​of mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin, 70 μg / dl, 50 μg / dl ferritin, and a significant increase in the HbA2 fraction with normal HbF in hemoglobin electrophoresis. With these data it can be:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: iron-deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic processes, polycythemia vera, beta thalassemia minor, chronic myeloid leukemia. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A 25-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with pale skin, fatigue and malaise. It has slightly decreased values ​​of mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin, 70 μg / dl, 50 μg / dl ferritin, and a significant increase in the HbA2 fraction with normal HbF in hemoglobin electrophoresis. With these data it can be:

Beta Thalassemia Minor.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following tests is more important for the diagnosis of acute leukemia?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: karyotype, medulogram, hemogram, pet, lumbar puncture. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following tests is more important for the diagnosis of acute leukemia?

Medulogram

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A 5-year-old child presents with a purpuric rash with petechiae, ecchymosis that appeared brutally along with epistaxis and gingivorrhagia. The data of the coagulation study were: Bleeding time (Duke)> 10 min; PLT 20,000 / mm3; null clot netraction; TP 13 sec (normal: 122 sec); APTT 61 sec (normal: 602 sec); TT 18 sec (normal: 182 sec); Fibrinogen 3.2 g / l (normal: 2-4 g / l); Positive platelet autoantibodies. With these data it can be:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: hemophilia, werlhof disease, bernard soulier syndrome, von willebrand disease, thrombosis of glanzmann. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A 5-year-old child presents with a purpuric rash with petechiae, ecchymosis that appeared brutally along with epistaxis and gingivorrhagia. The data of the coagulation study were: Bleeding time (Duke)> 10 min; PLT 20,000 / mm3; null clot netraction; TP 13 sec (normal: 122 sec); APTT 61 sec (normal: 602 sec); TT 18 sec (normal: 182 sec); Fibrinogen 3.2 g / l (normal: 2-4 g / l); Positive platelet autoantibodies. With these data it can be:

Werlhof disease.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

What thrombophilia study would be of interest to a woman with repeat abortions?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: determination of fibrinogen, c-reactive protein, pai-1, lupus anticoagulant, reptile time. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What thrombophilia study would be of interest to a woman with repeat abortions?

Lupus anticoagulant.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A woman attended a consultation with bruises, mucosal hemorrhages, marked thrombocytopenia (20,000 / mm3), with a normal coagulation study, no history of drug ingestion, and an increase in megakaryocytes in bone marrow without morphological abnormalities. What is the diagnostic suspicion?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: primary immune thrombocytopenia, acute leukemia, hemophilia, trombasthenia of glanzmann, purple of schönlein-henoch. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A woman attended a consultation with bruises, mucosal hemorrhages, marked thrombocytopenia (20,000 / mm3), with a normal coagulation study, no history of drug ingestion, and an increase in megakaryocytes in bone marrow without morphological abnormalities. What is the diagnostic suspicion?

Primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

What would be the pathophysiological mechanism that would explain the jaundice that can be observed in choledocholithiasis?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: increase in bilirubin production, defect in the uptake of bilirubin by the hepatocyte, disorder in bilirubin conjugation, defect in the elimination of bilirubin by the hepatocyte, disorder in the conduction of bilirubin to the duodenum. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What would be the pathophysiological mechanism that would explain the jaundice that can be observed in choledocholithiasis?

Disorder in the conduction of bilirubin to the duodenum.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The lesion at the level of the posterior roots of the spinal cord produces:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: affectation of all forms of sensitivity in metameric and ipsilateral distribution, homolateral involvement of all forms of sensitivity below the point of injury, thermoanalgesia of metameric and bilateral distribution, thermoanalgesia below the lesion and contralateral, deep anesthesia below the lesion and contralateral. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The lesion at the level of the posterior roots of the spinal cord produces:

Affectation of all forms of sensitivity in metameric and ipsilateral distribution.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

What is the arrhythmia that most often triggers sudden death in a context of acute ischemic heart disease?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: extrasist, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, autrioventricular block. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? What is the arrhythmia that most often triggers sudden death in a context of acute ischemic heart disease?

Ventricular fibrillation.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The valvulopathy that triggers an overload of volume in both the left atrium and ventricle is:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: mitral stenosis, mitral insufficiency, aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, tricuspid insufficiency. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The valvulopathy that triggers an overload of volume in both the left atrium and ventricle is:

Mitral insufficiency

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Hyponatremia is part of the clinical picture of:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: addison's disease, central diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic insipid diabetes, mellitus diabetes, febrile states. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Hyponatremia is part of the clinical picture of:

Addison's disease

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The glomerulonephritis syndrome occurs with:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: oliguria and hematuria, polyuria and dehydration, loss of sodium in the urine, thrombosis and infections, loss of glucose in the urine. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The glomerulonephritis syndrome occurs with:

Oliguria and hematuria.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Pulmonary hypertension occurs as a consequence of:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: bronchoconstriction and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, bronchoconstriction and inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, bronchiectasis and pulmonary collapse, vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the systemic circulation, vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the pulmonary circulation. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Pulmonary hypertension occurs as a consequence of:

Vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the pulmonary circulation.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Tamoxifen:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, it is an inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, it is a progesterone receptor agonist, it is an estrogen receptor antagonist, decreases cellular sensitivity to insulin. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Tamoxifen:

It is an estrogen receptor antagonist.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

The -thalassemia can have its origin in:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the deficit of ferroquetalase, the deficit of hba2, the presence of hbh, the presence of hbs, the presence of methemoglobin. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? The -thalassemia can have its origin in:

The presence of HBH.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Indicate which of the following disorders is a lysosomal disease:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: glut2 deficiency, hsl deficiency (hormone-sensitive lipase), deficiency of lpl (lipoprotein lipase), basic amino acid transporter deficits, mucopolysaccharidosis. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Indicate which of the following disorders is a lysosomal disease:

Mucopolysaccharidosis

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Indicate which of the following disorders will occur with jaundice:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: dubin-johnson syndrome, zellweger syndrome, hashimoto's thyroiditis, cushing's disease, alcaptonuria. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Indicate which of the following disorders will occur with jaundice:

Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a porphyria:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: phenylalanine hydroxylase, 21-hydroxylase, ala dehydratase, glucokinase, tyrosine hydroxylase. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a porphyria:

ALA dehydratase.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following statements of metamizol is FALSE?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: the relative risk of agranulocytosis is higher than with other nsaids, the risk of producing aplastic anemia is low, it presents a greater risk of producing gastric lesions than other nsaids, they can potentiate the effect of oral anticoagulants, if administered rapidly, intravenous can cause hypotension. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following statements of metamizol is FALSE?

It presents a greater risk of producing gastric lesions than other NSAIDs.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following medications is an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: alemtuzumab, muromunab, abalizumab, rituximab, visilizumab. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following medications is an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Rituximab

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following anti-infectives can produce increased CPK associated with muscle pain and rhabdomyolysis?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: amikacin, daptomycin, vancomycin, linezolid, aztreonam. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following anti-infectives can produce increased CPK associated with muscle pain and rhabdomyolysis?

Daptomycin

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following anti-infectives is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase that can lead to interactions with antidepressants that increase serotonin?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: neomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, clindamycin, meropenem. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following anti-infectives is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase that can lead to interactions with antidepressants that increase serotonin?

Linezolid.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following statements about colchicine is not true?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: depolymerizes tubulin, it can cause nausea and vomiting, it is an uricosuric, it is used in prophylaxis of recurrent attacks of gout, it is an alkaloid. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following statements about colchicine is not true?

It is an uricosuric.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

As is known, estrogenic treatment can give rise to various adverse effects. Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect due to this pharmacological action?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: edema, breast pain, ovarian cancer, sickness, headaches. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? As is known, estrogenic treatment can give rise to various adverse effects. Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect due to this pharmacological action?

Ovarian cancer.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis acts by binding to the RANK ligand?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: alendronate, denosumab, calcitonin, raloxifene, teriparatida. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis acts by binding to the RANK ligand?

Denosumab.

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following antimalarials is the one of choice for the treatment of a patient diagnosed with severe and multidrug-resistant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: sodium stibogluconate, primaquine, chloroquine, artemisinin, quinine. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following antimalarials is the one of choice for the treatment of a patient diagnosed with severe and multidrug-resistant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum?

Artemisinin

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Which of the following monoclonal antibodies presents as one of its main indications the treatment of chronic lymphoid leukemia?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: trastuzumab, bevacizumab, denosumab, cetuximab, rituximab. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Which of the following monoclonal antibodies presents as one of its main indications the treatment of chronic lymphoid leukemia?

Rituximab

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A patient suffers an infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Which of the following penicillins would be of your choice?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, cloxacillin, penicillin v, piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A patient suffers an infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Which of the following penicillins would be of your choice?

Piperacillin-tazobactam

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Male, 68 years old, presented with muscle cramps, hypotension, fasciculations and bronchoconstriction. He has been using organophosphorus pesticides in the garden. He has not used a mask or gloves. What would be the drug of choice for its treatment?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: carbidopa, acetylcholine, nicotine, flumazenil, pralidoxime. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Male, 68 years old, presented with muscle cramps, hypotension, fasciculations and bronchoconstriction. He has been using organophosphorus pesticides in the garden. He has not used a mask or gloves. What would be the drug of choice for its treatment?

Pralidoxime

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

A 63-year-old man, who has been receiving an antidepressant for 3 years. He comes to the emergency room due to an intense hypertensive crisis, with tachycardia and headache. The patient reports that the day before he was watching the football game in a bar, and that he has taken a sandwich of cheese and sausages, and over 3 glasses of beers. What antidepressant could it be?

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: tranylcypromine, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, imipramine, duloxetine. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? A 63-year-old man, who has been receiving an antidepressant for 3 years. He comes to the emergency room due to an intense hypertensive crisis, with tachycardia and headache. The patient reports that the day before he was watching the football game in a bar, and that he has taken a sandwich of cheese and sausages, and over 3 glasses of beers. What antidepressant could it be?

Tranylcypromine

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

Indicate which drug, of which they are related, produces mydriasis and cycloplegia:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: bethanechol, timolol, tropicamide, edrophonium, pralidoxime. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? Indicate which drug, of which they are related, produces mydriasis and cycloplegia:

Tropicamide

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

One of the following effects is characteristic of morphine consumption:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: mydriasis, eye flushed, excessive tearing, miosis, increased intraocular pressure. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? One of the following effects is characteristic of morphine consumption:

Miosis

Cuaderno_2013_1_F

2013

pharmacology

One of the following statements is false in relation to the pharmacological effects of growth hormone:

multiple_choice_a_and_q_en

Given this list of statements: {{ answers | map(attribute="atext") | map("lower") | map("trim", ".") | join(", ") }}. Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? {{qtext}} ||| {% for answer in answers if answer["aid"]==ra -%} {{answer["atext"]}} {%- endfor %}

Given this list of statements: acts directly on adipocytes to increase lipogenesis, stimulates the longitudinal growth of the bones, it has anti-insulin actions in the liver, increase muscle mass, many effects of growth hormone are due to insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1). Which one is the most appropriate answer/completion for the paragraph that follows? One of the following statements is false in relation to the pharmacological effects of growth hormone:

Acts directly on adipocytes to increase lipogenesis.